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Bennington, Vermont

Bennington is a town in Bennington County, Vermont, United States. It is one of two shire towns (county seats) of the county, the other being Manchester. As of the 2020 US Census, the population was 15,333. Bennington is the most populous town in southern Vermont, the second-largest town in Vermont (after Colchester) and the sixth-largest municipality in the state.

The town is home to the Bennington Battle Monument, which is the tallest human-made structure in the state of Vermont. The town has a long history of manufacturing, primarily within wood processing. The town is also recognized nationally for its pottery, iron, and textiles.

History
First of the New Hampshire Grants, Bennington was chartered on January 3, 1749, by Colonial Governor Benning Wentworth and named in his honor. It was granted to William Williams and 61 others, mostly from Portsmouth, New Hampshire, making the town the oldest to be chartered in Vermont and outside of what is now New Hampshire, though Brattleboro had been settled earlier as a fort. The town was first settled in 1761 by four families from Hardwick and two from Amherst, Massachusetts. They were led by Capt. Samuel Robinson, who camped in the river valley on his return from the French and Indian War.

Prior to the arrival of colonists, the land belonged to the Western Abenaki of the Wabanaki Confederacy. These peoples were indigenous to Ndakinna—most of what is now northern New England, southern Quebec, and the southern Canadian Maritimes.

There are three historic districts within the town today: Old Bennington, Downtown Bennington and North Bennington. Of these, Old Bennington is the original settlement, dating back to 1761, when Congregational Separatists arrived from Connecticut and from Amherst and Hardwick, Massachusetts. In the early 1800s, Downtown Bennington started developing, and by 1854 the county's population had reached 18,589.

Battle of Bennington
The town is known in particular for the Battle of Bennington, which took place during the Revolutionary War. Although the battle took place approximately 12 mi to the west in what is now the state of New York, an ammunition storage building located in Bennington was an important strategic target. On August 16, 1777, Gen. John Stark's 1,500-strong New Hampshire Militia defeated 800 German (Hessian) mercenaries, local Loyalists, Canadians and Indians under the command of German Lt. Col. Friedrich Baum. German reinforcements under the command of Lt. Col. Heinrich von Breymann looked set to reverse the outcome, but were prevented by the arrival of Seth Warner's Green Mountain Boys, the Vermont militia founded by Ethan Allen.

In 1891, the Bennington Battle Monument was opened. The monument is a 306 ft stone obelisk that is the tallest human-made structure in Vermont. It is a popular tourist attraction.

Geography
Bennington is located in southwestern Bennington County at 42.89111°N, -73.20806°W.

To the west is New York State; Pownal is to the south; Shaftsbury is to the north; and Woodford is to the east.

Located in the southwesternmost portion of Vermont, it is geographically closer to the capital cities of Albany, New York; Hartford, Connecticut; and Concord, New Hampshire than to its own state capital, Montpelier.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 110.1 sqkm, of which 109.4 sqkm are land and 0.7 sqkm, or 0.59%, is water. Bennington is drained by the Walloomsac River and its tributaries, flowing to the Hoosic and then the Hudson River. The town is located along the western edge of the Green Mountains, including Bald Mountain, which occupies the northeastern edge of town. (Its 2857 ft summit is just over the town line in Woodford.) In the southwest part of town is 2350 ft Mount Anthony, part of the Taconic Range.

Climate
Bennington experiences a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb) with cold, snowy winters and warm to hot, humid summers. Snowfall can vary greatly from year to year. The town can experience snowfall as early as October and as late as April, and the surrounding high country can receive snow as late as May. Nor'easters, accompanied by high winds, often dump heavy snow on the town during the winter, and accumulations of one foot of snow or greater are not uncommon when these storms move through the area. One such storm dumped very wet, heavy snow on October 4, 1987, catching many residents off guard, because it occurred quite early in that year's fall season. The storm resulted in many downed trees and power lines, due in part to that year's fall foliage still being intact. Abundant sunshine, along with heavy showers and thunderstorms, are frequent during the summer months. Although tornadoes seldom occur there, an F2 tornado did hit North Bennington on May 31, 1998, during an extremely rare tornado outbreak in the region.

The record high is 98 F, set in 1955. The record low is -25 F, set in 1994. July is typically the wettest month, and February is the driest. Bennington averages 60.77 in of snow annually.

Bennington lies in USDA plant hardiness zone 5a.

Demographics
As of the 2010 US census, there were 15,764 people, 6,246 households, and 3,716 families residing in the town. The population density was 370.92 people per square mile (143.18/km2). There were 6,763 housing units at an average density of 159.3 per square mile (61.4/km2). The ethnic/racial makeup of the town was 95.9% White, 1.3% from two or more races, 1.2% Black, 0.8% Asian, 0.4% from other races, 0.3% Native American, and 0.1% Pacific Islander. Latino of any race were 1.7% of the population.

There were 6,246 households, out of which 25.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.2% were couples living together and joined in either marriage or civil union, 14.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.5% were non-families. 33.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 23.5% under the age of 18, 10.7% from 18 to 24, 26.1% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 17.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.6 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $39,765, and the median income for a family was $51,489. Males had a median income of $39,406 versus $30,322 for females. The per capita income for the town was $23,560. About 14.2% of families and 15.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.0% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over.

Religion
There are 22 places of worship in Bennington, 21 Christian and one Jewish, and at least 18 denominations.

Government
Bennington employs an open town meeting form of local government, with an elected seven-member Select Board elected by the town's citizens at large from two districts. The Select Board is considered the "executive branch" of the town's government, which in turn hires and supervises a Town Manager. As of 2021, the town manager is Stuart A. Hurd. The current Town Clerk is Cassandra J. Barbeau.

Four representatives from Bennington's two voting districts currently represent the town in Montpelier. Bennington County is also represented by two state senators.

Fire department
The town is protected by both the Bennington Fire Department and the Bennington Rural Fire Department. The current chief of the Bennington Fire Department is Jeff Vickers, and the current chief of the Bennington Rural Fire Department is Wayne Davis.

Police
The town is protected by the Bennington Police Department, which consists of 40 sworn and non-sworn officials serving the town, including the villages of Old Bennington and North Bennington. The police station's home is at 118 South Street in downtown Bennington. Its current Chief of Police is Paul J. Doucette.

Economy
Industries related to agriculture, forestry, fishing, trade and retail, tourism, shipping by air, health care and government related jobs help shape and play a vital role in Bennington's economy. Bennington County has 15,194 non-farm employees living or working within the county as of 2013. Southwestern Vermont Medical Center, with a workforce of approximately 1,300 employees, is the town's largest employer and the seventh largest in Vermont. Its largest for-profit manufacturing employer is NSK Steering Systems America, Inc., with a workforce of 864 as of March 2013. Saint Gobain owns a plastic factory, the former ChemFab plant, which has contaminated the environment with Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS).

Bennington leaders have formed the Bennington Economic Development Partners to facilitate and expedite economic growth, working from a newly created Strategic Economic Development Plan that promotes the benefits afforded to companies located in the local area. Low interest loans, site-ready properties for manufacturing, R&D, Retail, and Technology are a few of the benefits available to new and existing industries.

The Town of Bennington Economic and Community Development Office, the Better Bennington Corporation, the Bennington Area Chamber of Commerce, Bennington County Regional Commission, and Bennington County Industrial Corporation are just some of the partners that coordinate the efforts of the Strategic Plan.

Bennington's "big box" development is mostly confined to the Northside Drive and Kocher Drive corridor in the northern portion of town.

Long time ski clothing company, CB Sports was headquartered in Bennington. They operated a popular factory outlet store in town which closed in 2008, due to slow sales as a result of the Great Recession.

Downtown
Bennington has a historic downtown with businesses that include a chocolatier, bakery, cafes, pizza parlors, Chinese restaurant, live theatre, breweries and distilleries, bookshop, men's and women's clothiers, jewelers, Vermont crafts and products, toy stores, antique stores, music shops, a hobby shop, a country store, an art shop, a museum, and several galleries.

Downtown Bennington is also home to Bennington Potters, Oldcastle Theatre, Hemmings Motor News, Robert Frost's Grave and the Old First Church, the Bennington Museum, Grandma Moses' Schoolhouse, Old Blacksmith Shop Visitor Center, Lucky Dragon, and Madison's Brewery.

The downtown area is noted for its historically preserved architecture, outdoor seasonal dining, locally owned shops, cafés, Memorial Fountain Park, antique shops, and river walk paralleling the Walloomsac River.

Downtown Bennington is a designated "Vermont Main Street" participant overseen and operated by the Better Bennington Corporation, a nationally accredited National Main Street Program by the National Trust for Historic Preservation.

Big box bylaw
In January 2005, the Select Board proposed a big box bylaw, primarily in response to Wal-Mart's plans to raze its existing 51000 sqft outlet and replace it with a 150000 sqft Supercenter. The potential negative impact on the town's local economy, the low wages paid by Wal-Mart to its employees, and controversies associated with Wal-Mart in general were cited as reasons in support of the bylaw. The bylaw called for a 50000 to 75000 sqft cap on big box stores. In addition, any retailer wishing to build a store greater than 30000 sqft of aggregate store space would be required to submit and pay for an evaluation known as a Community Impact Study to the Select Board for approval. Residents voted against the initial proposal in April 2005. However, the Select Board passed a new bylaw on August 1, 2005, that went into effect August 22.

Education
Bennington is home to a variety of municipal, parochial and private schools. Continuing education is supported by a diverse mix of colleges and career development centers. Bennington College is a progressive four-year liberal arts college ranked 89 in Tier 1 by U.S. News College Rankings. Southern Vermont College was a private, four-year liberal arts college offering a career-directed curriculum, but has since closed indefinitely following the 2018–2019 academic year. Northeastern Baptist College opened in 2013. Bennington also has separate satellite campuses of the Community College of Vermont and Vermont Technical College, both located downtown.

Bennington currently has four K–12 public elementary schools:
 * Village School of North Bennington (formerly North Bennington Graded School)
 * Bennington Elementary School
 * Monument Elementary School
 * Molly Stark Elementary School

There is one public middle school, the Mount Anthony Union Middle School (MAUMS), and one public high school, the Mount Anthony Union High School (MAUHS). The Southwest Vermont Supervisory Union oversees Bennington's public school system, which also includes a career center, the Southwestern Vermont Career Development Center, located on MAUHS' campus.

Grace Christian School is a private, faith-based K–12 school founded in 1995.

High school sports
Bennington is home to the 33-time defending state wrestling champion Mount Anthony Patriots. They have won 33 consecutive Vermont state wrestling championships as of the 2022 season. This is the national record.

As of 2010, the Mount Anthony Patriots have also been state champions in men's and women's nordic skiing, baseball, football, golf and women's lacrosse.

Roads and highways
Bennington is the largest town, and the second-largest municipality in Vermont (after Rutland City), that is not located on or near either of Vermont's two major Interstate highways. It is, however, signed on Interstate 91 at Exit 2 in Brattleboro and Interstate 787 at Exit 9E in Green Island, New York.

Five highways cross the town, including two limited-access freeways. They are:

 * US 7.svg U.S. Route 7 ("Ethan Allen Highway")
 * Vermont 9.svg Vermont Route 9 ("Molly Stark Trail")
 * Vermont 7A.svg Vermont Route 7A ("Shires of Vermont Byway")
 * Vermont 67A.svg Vermont Route 67A
 * Vermont 279.svg Vermont Route 279 ("Bennington Bypass")

U.S. Route 7, originating in Connecticut and continuing northward to the Canada–US border, enters Bennington from the town of Pownal.

VT Route 9 enters the town from the New York border in Hoosick, where the roadway continues west as NY Route 7, connecting to New York state's Capital District.

VT Route 279, also known as the Bennington Bypass, is a Super 2 freeway. The western segment continues westward as NY Reference Route 915G (unsigned) into Hoosick, New York, before meeting NY Route 7. This road forms a rough semi-circle shape around and north of the unincorporated portion of the town, loosely parallelling VT Route 9 while doing so. A Vermont Welcome Center, located at the center of Route 279's interchange with US 7.

Historic VT Route 7A, so named to distinguish it from the freeway portion of US 7, is the former alignment of that road prior to the freeway being built.

Vermont Route 67A remains within Bennington for its entire length.

Bus
Bennington is home to the Green Mountain Community Network, who operate the local Green Mountain Express bus service. As of September 29, 2014, they provide five in-town routes Monday through Saturday from 7:35 am to 6 pm on weekdays, and three out of town commuter routes serving Manchester (weekdays and Saturdays), Williamstown (weekdays) and Wilmington (weekdays in collaboration with Southeast Vermont Transit, formerly the Deerfield Valley Transit Association's, "MOOver"), and intermediate points.

Intercity bus service is provided by the weekday operating Yankee Trails World Travel's Albany-Bennington Shuttle, as well as by Premier Coach's Vermont Translines, in its partnership with Greyhound, which operates its Albany to Burlington bus line daily. Both buses serve the town from GMCN's bus terminal.

Taxi
A few taxi companies, including Bennington Taxi, Walt's Taxi and Monument Taxi, currently serve Bennington and surrounding areas. Uber and Lyft ridesharing is also available there.

Rail
The Vermont Railway freight rail line, and an exempt rail spur, traverses Bennington in the northern portions. The closest Amtrak train station is at the Joseph Scelsi Intermodal Transportation Center in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, served by the Boston to Chicago Lake Shore Limited train. Amtrak train service is also available from Renssalaer, New York.

Air
William H. Morse State Airport is a public-use, state-owned airport located about 3 mi west of downtown Bennington. Also referred to as "Southwest Vermont's Airport", it sits near the northern flank of Mount Anthony and close to the Bennington Battle Monument. Based at this airport is the hub of cargo air carrier AirNow. The closest commercial passenger airport to Bennington is Albany International Airport.

Parks and recreation
The town runs Willow Park, a large park north of downtown, which hosts athletic fields, an 18-hole disc-golf course, a common area for group functions and a large children's playground. The town also runs a recreation center on Gage Street, which contains a large indoor year-round swimming pool, softball fields, outdoor basketball court and weight room. Bennington also has a small network of mostly disconnected multi-use recreational trails; there are plans to better connect these paths in the future.

The closest state parks to Bennington are Lake Shaftsbury State Park in Shaftsbury and Woodford State Park in Woodford. The Long Trail and Appalachian Trail overlap each other as they pass the town just to the east.

Arts
Bennington is the former home of the Chamber Music Conference and Composers' Forum of the East, a summer institute for amateur musicians. The Conference was held on the campus of Bennington College. Bennington is also home to the Oldcastle Theatre Company, a small professional theatre with a special interest in encouraging New England plays.

Bennington College, in the village of North Bennington, has been the home base for Sage City Symphony since its founding in 1973 by Louis Calabro. The Symphony plays a challenging program of the traditional repertoire as well as commissioning a new work each year.

The Vermont Arts Exchange (VAE) is a non-profit community arts organization based in North Bennington. The mission of the VAE is to strengthen communities and neighborhoods through the arts. VAE hosts exhibitions, artist and community workspaces, and the Basement Music Series. Concerts run year-round and showcase a variety of nationally acclaimed musicians.

Bennington is home to the Bennington County Choral Society, the Bennington Children's Chorus and the Green Mountain Youth Orchestra.

Annual events

 * First Fridays in Downtown Bennington, July through October
 * Fallapalooza!, store-to-store trick-or-treating on the Saturday before Halloween
 * The Winter Festival and Penguin Plunge at Lake Paran in North Bennington in late January benefits Special Olympics of Vermont.
 * The St. Patrick's Day Parade in March
 * Mayfest in May, an annual showcase of local business vendors
 * The Memorial Day Parade in May
 * Midnight Madness in July, hours and discounts vary but nearly all retailers participate; 7 p.m. to midnight
 * The Bennington Battle Day Parade in August
 * The Garlic and Herb Festival during Labor Day weekend
 * The Festival of Trees in late November and early December

Print media
Bennington's local newspaper is the Bennington Banner, with a daily circulation of 7,800. News is also carried in the Troy Record, Rutland Herald and Manchester Journal.

Radio and television
Bennington is located in a fringe viewing area of the Albany-Schenectady-Troy television market. In addition to the Albany television stations, which include WRGB (CBS), WTEN (ABC), WNYT (NBC), WXXA-TV (Fox) and WMHT (PBS), Comcast carries WCAX-TV, the Burlington CBS affiliate, and Rutland Vermont PBS outlet WVER.

The radio stations WBTN-AM 1370 and VPR affiliate WBTN-FM 94.3 broadcast from, and are licensed to Bennington. The alternative music radio station WEQX is located in nearby Manchester. Bennington is also within range of several stations from Glens Falls and the Capital District.

Bennington is also the town of license for these radio station translators:

 * 93.5 FM W228BL (VPR Classical)
 * 98.5 FM W253AF (translator of WNGN-FM from Argyle, NY, Contemporary Christian)

Sports
The Bennington Martens of the American Basketball Association play their games at Berkshire Community College.

Sites of interest

 * Bennington Battle Monument
 * Grandma Moses Gallery at the Bennington Museum
 * Park-McCullough Historic House, a well-preserved, 35-room, Victorian country house
 * Robert Frost's grave
 * Bennington College
 * Southern Vermont College

Health care

 * Bennington is home to Southwestern Vermont Medical Center, a community hospital that serves southern Vermont, northwestern Massachusetts, and neighboring eastern New York counties. It also and has satellite clinics in Manchester, Pownal and Wilmington, and Deerfield Valley. The 99-bed medical center is known for its excellence in nursing, receiving the American Nurses Credentialing Center's Magnet designation four times consecutively since 2002, and is also associated with a large modern cancer center
 * The Bennington Rescue Squad provides Primary 911 service in Bennington as well as non-emergency and interfacility transfers and is staffed at the paramedic level by paid career employees.
 * A number of primary and specialty care providers practice in the Bennington area. Most are affiliated with the Southwestern Vermont Healthcare system.
 * United Counseling Services (UCS) provides Bennington, and the remainder of Bennington County, with services for mental health, developmental disabilities, and substance abuse. The agency is headquartered in Bennington and has a satellite office in Manchester.

Utilities
Bennington's electricity is supplied by Green Mountain Power. Non-purchased surface and groundwater is supplied by the Bolles Brook in Woodford and the Morgan Spring in Bennington, respectively. The Bennington Water Department manages both water sources.

Cable television in Bennington is provided by Comcast. Comcast and Consolidated Communications also provide the town with landline phone and high speed Internet service.

In popular culture

 * Author Shirley Jackson's memoirs, Life Among the Savages and Raising Demons, depict mid-20th century life in Bennington.
 * Much of the 1974 action film The Catamount Killing, starring Horst Buchholz, Ann Wedgeworth and Polly Holliday, was filmed in Bennington.
 * The Walloomsac Farmers Market, held in Bennington each Saturday, ranked #72 on The Daily Meal's 101 Best Farmer's Markets for 2014 list.
 * Southern Vermont College's Everett Mansion was featured in a 2015 episode of SyFy's Ghost Hunters.

title: Bennington, Vermont


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Manchester (village), Vermont

Manchester is an incorporated village in the town of Manchester, Bennington County, Vermont, United States. The population was 783 at the 2020 census.

The village center, located in the vicinity of Vermont Route 7A, Union Street and Taconic Avenue, was added to the National Register of Historic Places as Manchester Village Historic District in 1984. The district includes 65 contributing and 19 non-contributing properties spread over an area of 90 acre. The centerpiece of the district is the Equinox House, which is listed separately on the National Register.

History
Manchester Village was first settled in 1761. Through the middle of the 19th century, Manchester was primarily a crossroads village and the site of several taverns and inns. The village's first inn was built in 1769 on the property that is now the site of the Equinox House. Settlement was slow until after the American Revolutionary War, when the area received an influx of settlers, as Vermont temporarily became the fastest growing U.S. state. In the 19th century, the village was overtaken in economic importance by the growth of Manchester Center, and the village was developed and promoted by Charles F. Orvis (founder of the Orvis mail-order business, still based in Manchester) as a summer resort destination for New Yorkers. The village is one of the first places in New England that was promoted and developed as a summer resort community.

Geography
Manchester Village is located on the banks of the Batten Kill in the north–south trending valley between the Green Mountains on the east and the Taconics on the west. Vermont Route 7A runs north–south through the village, and the Batten Kill forms its eastern boundary. According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 9.26 sqkm, of which 9.18 sqkm is land and 0.08 sqkm, or 0.85%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 602 people, 284 households, and 170 families residing in the village. The population density was 168.1 people per square mile (64.9/km2). There were 483 housing units at an average density of 134.9/sq mi (52.1/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 98.50% White, 0.17% Black or African American, 0.33% Asian, 0.66% from other races, and 0.33% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.99% of the population.

There were 284 households, out of which 20.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.2% were married couples living together, 4.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.8% were non-families. 35.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 23.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.12 and the average family size was 2.70.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 19.3% under the age of 18, 3.3% from 18 to 24, 16.6% from 25 to 44, 32.2% from 45 to 64, and 28.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 52 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.0 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $57,321, and the median income for a family was $92,044. Males had a median income of $60,469 versus $22,250 for females. The per capita income for the village was $40,851. None of the families and 5.0% of the population were living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 11.6% of those over 64.

Points of interest

 * Dellwood Cemetery
 * Equinox House Historic District

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Manchester (village), Vermont


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Manchester, Vermont

Manchester is a town in, and one of two shire towns (county seats ) of, Bennington County, Vermont, United States. The population was 4,484 at the 2020 census.

Manchester Village, an incorporated village, and Manchester Center, are settlement centers within the town. Manchester has become a tourist destination, especially for those from New York and Connecticut, offering visitors factory outlet stores of national chain retailers as well as many locally owned businesses and retaurants.

History
The town was one of several chartered in 1761 by Benning Wentworth, colonial governor of New Hampshire. It was his custom to name new towns after prominent English aristocrats of the day, hoping they might adopt a patronly interest in their namesakes. Wentworth named Manchester for Robert Montagu, 3rd Duke of Manchester. First settled in 1764, the town was laid out in 1784. The land was better suited for grazing than tillage, so by 1839 about 6,000 sheep roamed the pastures and hillsides.

Other industries came to include iron mines, marble quarries and mills, and lumber companies. The arrival of the railroad from industrialized centers like New York City brought tourists, drawn by Manchester's historic architecture and beautiful setting among mountains. Following the Civil War, the town developed into an affluent resort area, which it remains today.

Between 1812 and 1819, Manchester was made famous by the Boorn–Colvin case, called "America's first wrongful conviction murder case", the subject of several books and still studied today.

Orvis is a family-owned retail and mail-order business specializing in high-end fly fishing, hunting and sporting goods. Founded in Manchester in 1856 by Charles F. Orvis to sell fishing tackle, it is the oldest mail-order retailer in the United States.

Jake Burton Carpenter, founder of Burton Snowboards, perfected snowboard design in his garage in Manchester. The company operated out of Manchester until 1992, when it relocated to Burlington. Nearby Stratton Mountain was among the first ski resorts to allow snowboarding.

The town has three distinct state-recognized historic districts—the Depot district located on Highland Avenue and Elm Street, Bonnet Street, just north of Main Street, and Main Street itself.

Geography
Manchester is located in north-central Bennington County, lying between the Green Mountains to the east and the Taconic Range to the west. Equinox Mountain, the highest summit in the Taconics, with an elevation of 3850 ft, is in the western part of the town. Manchester is drained by the Batten Kill, Lye Brook, Munson Brook, Bromley Brook, and Bourn Brook. The Lye Brook Falls Hiking Trail, which leads to one of the highest waterfalls in Vermont, is a popular local attraction.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 109.4 sqkm, of which 109.1 sqkm is land and 0.3 sqkm, or 0.29%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,180 people, 1,819 households, and 1,156 families residing in the town. The population density was 99.0 people per square mile (38.2/km2). There were 2,456 housing units at an average density of 58.2 per square mile (22.5/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 97.87% White, 0.38% Black or African American, 0.17% Native American, 0.31% Asian, 0.43% from other races, and 0.84% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.75% of the population.

There were 1,819 households, out of which 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.5% were married couples who were living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.4% were non-families. Of all households 30.5% were made up of individuals, and 14.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.81.

The population distribution by age for Manchester was 23.1% under the age of 18, 4.0% from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 28.8% from 45 to 64, and 19.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $47,196, and the median income for a family was $59,191. Males had a median income of $36,453 versus $26,017 for females. The per capita income for the town was $30,499. About 2.2% of families and 4.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.9% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation
Manchester is crossed by four highways, including one Super-2 freeway. They are:

Green Mountain Community Network's Orange Line bus and MVRTD "The Bus" Manchester-Rutland Connector serve the town with public transit commuter connections to Bennington and Rutland, respectively. The closest major airport is Albany International Airport in New York, although three daily round trip flights from Rutland to Boston are available via Cape Air from Rutland – Southern Vermont Regional Airport. Greyhound, the national intercity bus system, also serves Manchester through Premier Coach's Vermont Translines with an intercity bus connection between Burlington, Vermont and Albany, New York.
 * US 7.svg U.S. Route 7 (Exit 4 serves the town)
 * Vermont 7A.svg Historic VT Route 7A
 * Vermont 30.svg Vermont Route 30
 * Vermont 11.svg Vermont Route 11

Rail
Manchester has several Amtrak passenger train connections within a one-hour drive.
 * Rutland station to the north, the closest, served by the Ethan Allen Express
 * Bellows Falls station to the east, served by the Vermonter
 * Fort Edward station to the west, served by the Adirondack and Ethan Allen Express

VTrans and NYSDOT have shown interest in restoring passenger train service to Manchester on a new Amtrak route between Albany and Burlington via Rutland, also linking up nearby Mechanicville, New York and North Bennington, Vermont. The new train would share much of its route with the Ethan Allen Express, likely running beyond Albany to New York City. As of 2021, the idea is listed simply as a "potential initiative" in the Vermont Rail Plan.

Notable attractions
Hildene, the summer home of Robert Todd Lincoln and Mary Lincoln, is a mansion in the Georgian Revival style completed in 1905 that is located southwest of Manchester Center. Robert Lincoln, the only child of President Abraham Lincoln and Mary Todd Lincoln to survive into adulthood, served as Secretary of War to Presidents Garfield and Arthur, was appointed Minister (Ambassador) to Great Britain during the administration of President Benjamin Harrison, and later became general counsel and then president of the Pullman Company. The Hildene house and surrounding grounds are open to the public.

Also located in Manchester, at the base of Mount Equinox, is the Southern Vermont Arts Center (SVAC). In addition to hosting art exhibitions from its permanent collections and of visiting collections in its gallery facilities, SVAC conducts educational programs and provides facilities for performances and events in the arts. The permanent collection at SVAC includes the work of such regional artists as Ogden Pleissner, Jay Hall Conaway, Reginald Marsh, Guy Pene du Bois, Lorenzo Hatch, Luigi Lucioni, Arthur Gibbs Burton, and Robert Strong Woodward.

Media
Like the rest of Bennington County, Manchester lies in the Albany–Schenectady–Troy television and radio media market. Manchester is home to alternative rock radio station WEQX's studios. Their broadcast tower is on the summit of Equinox Mountain, from which their callsign derives, enabling their signal to reach the northern and eastern Capital Region of New York's radio market area, while also being able to reach the remainder of southern Vermont, western Massachusetts, and southwestern New Hampshire.

In November and December 2020, John Gray's novel, Manchester Christmas, became a local and regional bestseller. WVNK 91.1 FM, a VPR partner station, is also licensed to Manchester.

Print news is carried in the Manchester Journal and Bennington Banner.

Notable people

 * Elfriede Abbe, sculptor
 * Charles Augustus Aiken, clergyman; president of Union College; professor at Princeton University
 * Joseph Sweetman Ames, physicist; president of Johns Hopkins University
 * Frank C. Archibald, Vermont Attorney General
 * Edmund Bennett, judge and educator
 * Myra Bradwell, first American woman to become an attorney
 * James M. Clarke, US congressman
 * Sarah Norcliffe Cleghorn, poet and social activist
 * Jeremiah French, soldier, judge and political figure in Upper Canada
 * Jonathan Goldsmith, actor ("The Most Interesting Man in the World" from Dos Equis advertising)
 * John Irving, novelist and Academy Award-winning screenwriter
 * Edward Swift Isham, Chicago attorney and law partner of Robert Todd Lincoln
 * Pierpoint Isham, Justice of the Vermont Supreme Court
 * Robert Todd Lincoln, first son of Abraham Lincoln
 * Richard Wall Lyman, president of Stanford University; president of the Rockefeller Foundation
 * Ahiman Louis Miner, US congressman
 * Elizabeth Page, author
 * Benjamin S. Roberts, Civil War general
 * Daniel Roberts, attorney and president of the Vermont Bar Association
 * Robert Roberts, mayor of Burlington, Vermont
 * The Samples, alternative rock band
 * Clara Sipprell, photographer
 * Richard Skinner, jurist, US congressman, Governor of Vermont
 * Joseph Dresser Wickham, headmaster of Burr and Burton Academy
 * Treat Williams, movie and television actor

title: Manchester, Vermont


text:
St. Johnsbury (CDP), Vermont

St. Johnsbury is a census-designated place (CDP) corresponding to the main settled areas in the town of St. Johnsbury, Caledonia County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 census it had a population of 5,994, out of 7,364 in the entire town.

The CDP is in eastern Caledonia County, occupying the southern one-third of the town of St. Johnsbury. It includes the urban center of St. Johnsbury, the village of St. Johnsbury Center to the north up the valley of the Passumpsic River, and development along Route 2 to the east up the valley of the Moose River, but not as far as the village of East St. Johnsbury.

Interstate 91 passes through the west side of the CDP, with access from Exits 20, 21, and 22. I-91 leads north 42 mi to Newport and south 59 mi to White River. U.S. Routes 2 and 5 intersect in the center of the community. U.S. 2 leads west 35 mi to Montpelier, the state capital, and east 28 mi to Lancaster, New Hampshire, while U.S. 5 provides a local parallel route to I-91, leading north 8 mi to Lyndonville and south 20 mi to Wells River.

title: St. Johnsbury (CDP), Vermont


text:
Jericho (village), Vermont

Jericho is a village in Chittenden County, Vermont, United States. The population was 1,333 at the 2020 census.

Geography
Jericho village is located in the northwest part of the town of Jericho, along Vermont Route 15 in the valley of the Browns River. It is 13 mi east of Burlington. According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 3.6 sqkm, of which 0.02 sqkm, or 0.47%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,457 people, 510 households, and 412 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,013.5 people per square mile (390.7/km2). There were 513 housing units at an average density of 356.8/sq mi (137.5/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 96.84% White, 0.82% Black or African American, 0.34% Native American, 0.48% Asian, 0.27% Pacific Islander, 0.34% from other races, and 0.89% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.62% of the population.

There were 510 households, out of which 48.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.9% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.2% were non-families. 13.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.86 and the average family size was 3.18.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 32.3% under the age of 18, 5.1% from 18 to 24, 30.7% from 25 to 44, 25.3% from 45 to 64, and 6.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.7 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $62,188, and the median income for a family was $70,673. Males had a median income of $43,500 versus $30,833 for females. The per capita income for the village was $24,692. About 3.1% of families and 3.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.3% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

Old Red Mill
Jericho Village is well known for its famous historic landmark, Old Red Mill, on Route 15 at the entrance to Jericho Corners village. Today, the mill is headquarters of the Jericho Historical Society, and is open to the public.

title: Jericho (village), Vermont


text:
Jericho, Vermont

Jericho is a town in Chittenden County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,104. The town was named after the ancient city of Jericho.

History
Ira Allen and Remember Baker began surveying the town of Jericho in 1773 for the Onion River Land Company. The Browns were the first European family to settle in Jericho, in 1774, building a cabin near the Browns River.

In 1776, a detachment of the Continental Army was sent to garrison a blockhouse in Jericho along the Onion (Winooski) River. The garrison soon retreated back to Fort Ticonderoga within weeks of their arrival due to fears of British advance south from Canada. The officers involved, including Matthew Lyon, were tried and convicted by court-martial for cowardice and disobeying orders to maintain the post. The location of the Jericho blockhouse is believed to have been along River Road near the intersection with Skunk Hollow.

In 1780 the Brown family was taken captive by a war party of British-allied Mohawks returning to Canada following the Royalton Raid.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 92.1 sqkm, of which 91.7 sqkm is land and 0.4 sqkm, or 0.45%, is water.

The town of Jericho has a connection with the neighboring town of Underhill. The area has four distinct village areas. The historic Old Red Mill, home of the Jericho Historical Society, stands in Jericho village (also known as Jericho Corners) on Route 15 in the northwest part of the town, an area that extends from the Browns River crossing eastward to the post office and the Jericho Elementary School. Jericho Corners is the location of the Galusha House, home of Truman Galusha, a brick Federal-style house built in 1790 and like Jericho's Old Red Mill, listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Jericho's second village, Jericho Center, on Browns Trace, is home to several historic buildings, churches, and Jericho Center Country Store, Vermont's oldest continuously running general store. The Jericho Center Village has a village green, or "Common", a typical park-like center of a Vermont village, surrounded by historic buildings.

Half of the Underhill Flats area on Route 15 is within Jericho. This area features the multi-use Mills Riverside Park and two general stores (Jolley & Jacob's).

Underhill Center in the town of Underhill has one general store, as well as St. Thomas Catholic Church, a small postal office, and access to Underhill State Park.

Jericho is home to the Chittenden East Wolverines of the Northern Vermont Youth Football League, Cub Scout Pack 620, and one of Vermont's oldest and largest Boy Scout troops, Troop 627.

The two towns share the Underhill-Jericho Fire Department.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,015 people, 1,751 households, and 1,402 families residing in the town. The population density was 141.7 people per square mile (54.7/km2). There were 1,774 housing units at an average density of 50.1 per square mile (19.4/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 97.45% White, 0.68% Black or African American, 0.14% Native American, 0.56% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 0.30% from other races, and 0.80% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.12% of the population.

There were 1,751 households, out of which 45.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.4% were married couples living together, 7.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.9% were non-families. 14.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.86 and the average family size was 3.19.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 30.9% under the age of 18, 4.6% from 18 to 24, 31.7% from 25 to 44, 26.4% from 45 to 64, and 6.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.6 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $65,375, and the median income for a family was $72,500. Males had a median income of $49,375 versus $30,488 for females. The per capita income for the town was $24,941. About 3.6% of families and 4.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.2% of those under age 18 and 3.7% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Schools fall under the umbrella of the Mount Mansfield Modified Union School District. Local school includes Jericho Elementary School serving from kindergarten through fourth grade. Browns River Middle School teaches grades five through eight. There is one high school in Jericho—Mount Mansfield Union High School—which serves students from Jericho, Underhill, Richmond, Huntington, Bolton, Jonesville, and Westford.

Students from Mount Mansfield Union High School are allowed to apply to a vocational school for their junior and senior years. They can apply to either The Center for Technology, Essex (CTE), or the Burlington Technical Center (BTC). CTE is located in Essex Junction and is part of the larger Essex High School (EHS).

MMU has 814 students enrolled as of 2018, making it the eighth most enrolled school in Vermont.

On November 4, 2014, the communities of Bolton, Jericho, Richmond, Underhill ID and Underhill Town voted to form the Mount Mansfield Modified Union School District also known as the MMMUSD. On June 6, 2019, MMUUSD voted to also include the town of Huntington. This school district serves and governs the current town school districts of Bolton (Smilie Memorial School), Huntington (Brewster Pierce Memorial Elementary), Jericho (Jericho Elementary), Richmond (Richmond Elementary), and Underhill (Underhill Central School), Mt Mansfield Union School District (Browns River Middle, Camels Hump Middle and Mt. Mansfield Union High Schools) in grades Pre-K through 12.

Notable people

 * Wilson "Snowflake" Bentley (1865–1931), farmer who photographed over five thousand snow crystals
 * Lea Davison, Olympic athlete
 * Mary Fletcher, philanthropist who founded the future University of Vermont Medical Center
 * William B. Gray, United States attorney for Vermont
 * Heman Lowry, U.S. marshal for Vermont
 * Anson Rood (1827–1898), Wisconsin State assemblyman and businessman

In popular culture
A fictitious version of Jericho is the setting of the 2022 TV series Wednesday based on the character from The Addams Family.

title: Jericho, Vermont


text:
Milton (CDP), Vermont

Milton is an unincorporated village within the town of Milton in Chittenden County, Vermont, United States. The village disincorporated in 2003 and became a census-designated place (CDP) in 2008. As of the 2020 census the population was 3,804, out of a population of 10,723 for the entire town.

Geography
Milton is located in the east part of the town of Milton along the Lamoille River at the outlet of Arrowhead Mountain Lake. The river drops more than 100 ft in elevation over ledges in the western part of the CDP. U.S. Route 7 passes through the center of town, leading north 13 mi to St. Albans and south 16 mi to Burlington.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the Milton CDP has a total area of 3.7 sqkm, of which 3.6 sqkm is land and 0.1 sqkm, or 2.90%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,537 people, 570 households, and 421 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,044.2 people per square mile (403.7/km2). There were 576 housing units at an average density of 391.3/sq mi (151.3/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 97.53% White, 0.33% Black or African American, 0.39% Native American, 0.72% Asian, 0.20% from other races, and 0.85% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.59% of the population.

There were 570 households. Of these, 39.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.2% were married couples living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.1% were non-families. 20.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.12.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 29.1% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 34.1% from 25 to 44, 22.3% from 45 to 64, and 8.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $46,458, and the median income for a family was $48,882. Males had a median income of $34,792 versus $26,548 for females. The per capita income for the village was $18,037. About 6.5% of families and 6.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.0% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Milton (CDP), Vermont


text:
Talk:List of United States Numbered Highways

/notes

Infobox Map
It seems that the US Highway map is not viewable for me. Am I the only one experiencing this or is something wrong with the file? Thanks! DiscoA340 (talk) 04:03, 5 August 2022 (UTC)

 * A newer map was made a while back that is just too large for the servers to render (77MB file), so I've reverted this to an older map that still renders.  Imzadi 1979  →   05:56, 5 August 2022 (UTC)

Discussion on proposed split of list of U.S. routes to two articles for primary and auxiliary
I just made a new discussion on a proposed split of the U.S. Route list page into one for primary and the other for auxiliary. You can find it here. Chess Eric  20:11, 3 November 2023 (UTC)

 * Comment: I had asked this back in December 2021 and was denied, so I don’t know how this will work out. Qutlooker (talk) 21:08, 6 November 2023 (UTC)
 * Object I don't see how both cannot exist on this page. Usually you ask for separation after the fact... – The Grid  ( talk )  13:55, 9 November 2023 (UTC)


text:
St. Albans (town), Vermont

Saint Albans, commonly abbreviated as St. Albans, is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,988. The town completely surrounds St. Albans City, which is a separate municipality.

History
The town was named for St Albans in England. That city was named for the Early Christian English saint and protomartyr.

On October 19, 1864, St. Albans was the site of the St. Albans Raid, the northernmost Confederate land action of the American Civil War. The Confederates conducted a cavalry raid and bank robbery from across the border with Quebec, Canada.

The town of St. Albans and the city of St. Albans were not separated until 1902. References to "St. Albans" prior to this date generally refer to the town center, which now belongs to the city. The town was incorporated in 1859, and the city in 1902.

At times after the civil war, Irish men seeking independence for Ireland, made what are known as the Fenian raids on Canada. At least two took place in 1866, and others in 1870-1871. Men were recruited from New York City to St. Albans, Vermont. Henri Le Caron was serving as a secret agent of the British government during this time, but also held the position of "Inspector-General of the Irish Republican Army". He asserted that he distributed fifteen thousand stands of arms and almost three million rounds of ammunition to the men preparing for the raids, which took place in April 1870. Forewarned, United States General George Meade, captured much of these munitions as they arrived. Many of the raiders never made it across the Canadian border. They seemed most successful in causing support to increase for the Canadian Confederation, as Canadians believed they needed to be unified in defense.

By the 1890s, the town of St. Albans had become the butter capital of the world; it had 1,000 farms and 15,000 cows.

Pilot Amelia Earhart was said to have flown here May 22, 1934. This may have been related to promotion for her line of clothing for active wear, which she began that year.

Geography
The town is located in western Franklin County and extends west into Lake Champlain to the border with Grand Isle County, Vermont. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 156.8 sqkm, of which 95.9 sqkm is land and 60.9 sqkm, or 38.84%, is water. The southwest part of the town fronts on St. Albans Bay, an arm of Lake Champlain. Woods Island, Burton Island, and Ball Island within the lake are all part of the town.

Demographics
At the 2020 census, the racial makeup was 96.6% White, 0.2% Black, 0.1% Native American, 2.0% Asian and 0.1 Latino of any race.

At the 2000 census, there were 5,086 people, 1,836 households and 1,404 families residing in the town. The population density was 135.4 per square mile (52.3/km2). There were 2,257 housing units at an average density of 60.1 per square mile (23.2/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 96.95% White, 0.39% Black or African American, 0.75% Native American, 0.33% Asian, 0.16% from other races, and 1.42% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.67% of the population.

There were 1,836 households, of which 38.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.6% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.5% were non-families. 18.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.01.

Age distribution was 27.0% under the age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 23.3% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.7 males.

The median household income was $46,875, and the median family income was $53,147. Males had a median income of $34,698 versus $26,000 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,604. About 7.4% of families and 5.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.1% of those under age 18 and 4.7% of those age 65 or over.

Annual cultural events
St. Albans town is located on the shore of Lake Champlain. Every Fourth of July is marked by the "Bay Day" event, which includes a triathlon and a fireworks show on the bay.

Major routes
The town is served by the following numbered highways.

 * Interstate 89, with access from Exits 19 and 20
 * U.S. Route 7
 * Vermont Route 36
 * Vermont Route 38
 * Vermont Route 104
 * Vermont Route 105
 * Vermont Route 207

Notable people

 * Bradley Barlow, US congressman, industrialist
 * William Beaumont, surgeon in the U.S. Army
 * Corydon Beckwith, Illinois Supreme Court justice
 * Paul Blackburn, poet
 * Lawrence Brainerd, US senator
 * Richard M. Brewer, assumed leader of Billy the Kid's band
 * Michael J. Colburn, director of the United States Marine Band
 * Abbott Lowell Cummings, architectural historian and genealogist
 * Sile Doty, infamous thief, counterfeiter, and criminal gang leader
 * Albert S. Drew, mayor of Burlington, Vermont
 * Albert B. Jewett, commander of the 10th Vermont Infantry Regiment during the American Civil War
 * John LeClair, professional ice hockey player, left wing for the Montreal Canadiens, Philadelphia Flyers, and Pittsburgh Penguins
 * Rod Loomis, actor
 * William L. Manly, pioneer author, wrote "Death Valley in '49"
 * Sara Weeks Roberts, president, National Library for the Blind (United States)
 * John Gregory Smith, 28th governor of Vermont
 * William Farrar Smith, Union general during the American Civil War
 * Orlando Stevens, member of the state legislatures of Vermont and Minnesota
 * Benjamin Swift, US senator

Champ
The lake monster "Champ" was allegedly sighted and photographed near St. Albans. The creature in Lake Champlain was ostensibly given in 1609 by French explorer Samuel de Champlain, the founder of Quebec City and the lake's namesake, who is supposed to have been the first white man to record spotting "Champ" as he was fighting the Iroquois on the bank of the lake. However, in actuality no such sighting was recorded, and it has since been traced back to a 1970 article.

title: St. Albans (town), Vermont


text:
St. Albans (city), Vermont

St. Albans is the only city in and the seat of Franklin County, Vermont, United States. At the 2020 census, the city population was 6,877. St. Albans City is completely surrounded by St. Albans Town, which is a separate municipality. The city is located in Northwestern Vermont, 29 miles north of Burlington, Vermont's most populous city, which is located in Chittenden County.

History
One of the New Hampshire grants, St. Albans was chartered by Colonial Governor Benning Wentworth on August 17, 1763, to Stephen Pomeroy and 63 others. Named after St Albans, Hertfordshire, England, it was first settled during the Revolution by Jesse Welden. The war delayed further settlement until 1785, when other pioneers began to arrive from lower New England.

Farmers found the rich, dark loam suitable for cultivation, as well as for the raising of cattle, horses and sheep. Butter and cheese were produced in great quantities. St. Albans also became known as " The Rail City," home to a major depot, operations center and repair shop of the Vermont and Canada Railroad. When the village was incorporated in 1859, it had an iron foundry, a manufacturer of freight cars, and a large number of mechanic shops.

The northernmost engagement of the Civil War, known as the St. Albans Raid, occurred here on October 19, 1864.

In 1869 the Congrégation de Notre Dame, founded in Montreal, Quebec, in the 17th century, established Villa Barlow Convent and St. Mary High School in St. Albans.

In 1902, the City of St. Albans was incorporated, comprising two square miles (518 hectares) within the town of St. Albans. Today it is a tourist destination noted for its Victorian and Craftsman style architecture. Much of this was built during the railroad era, when more than 200 trains passed through daily.

St. Albans is a research focus for genealogists, as European immigrants heading for the United States would sometimes land in Canada at Halifax, Nova Scotia or Montreal, Quebec, then take a train through the border crossing to this city. Some persons traveled to other parts of Vermont, New York or points west. The National Archives (NARA) lists for St. Albans cover the period 1895–1954.

Culture
In late April St. Albans hosts the annual Vermont Maple Festival. The festival includes various food-related contests, as well as the Sap Run, a footrace from Swanton, 8.2 mi to the north. It was home to the Vermont Voltage, a semi-professional men's soccer team, which folded in 2014.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.0 square miles (5.3 km2), all land. The city is surrounded by the town of St. Albans, with its lush farmland across gently rolling hills. The city is drained by Stevens Brook.

St. Albans is crossed by Interstate 89, U.S. Route 7, as well as Vermont Route 36, 38, 104 and 105. It is about 15 mi from Vermont's border with Quebec.

Climate
St Albans has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb), bordering on a hot-summer humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa).

Demographics
At the 2020 census, the racial makeup was 91.1% White, 1.2% Black, 1.3% Native American, 0.0% Asian and 1.9% Latino of any race.

At the 2010 census, there were 6,918 people. In the 2000 census there were 7,650 people, 3,235 households and 1,937 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,768.2 per square mile (1,455.0/km2). There were 3,376 housing units at an average density of 1,662.9 per square mile (642.1/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 95.87% White, 0.39% Black or African American, 1.20% Native American, 0.35% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.45% from other races, and 1.70% from two or more races. 0.90% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 3,235 households, of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.6% were married couples living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.1% were non-families. 31.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.97.

Age distribution was 25.6% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 31.8% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.2 males.

Government
St. Albans is governed via a mayor, a city manager and city council. The city council consists of six members, each elected from an individual ward. The mayor is elected by citywide vote.

Personal income
In the 2010 census, the median household income was $37,221, and the median family income was $44,286. Males had a median income of $31,340 versus $23,262 for females. The city's per capita income was $17,853. About 8.5% of families and 9.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.2% of those under age 18 and 11.9% of those age 65 or over.

Industry
The town's comprehensive annual financial report for the fiscal year that ended June 30, 2020, lists the principal employers in the town as U.S. Department of Homeland Security's U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) (650 employees), Northwestern Medical Center (612 employees), Maple Run Unified School District (608 employees), Mylan Technologies Inc. (425 employees), Dairy Farmers of America (95 employees), Sticks & Stuff (92 employees), the City of St. Albans (91 employees), A.N. Deringer, Inc. (80 employees), Peoples Trust Company (47 employees), and SB Collins (40 employees).

The USCIS has a service center in St. Albans; the majority of the 1,100 USCIS employees in Vermont are based in St. Albans, and the federal agency is the city's largest employer. The Dairy Farmers of America, a major dairy cooperative, has a manufacturing plant in St. Albans that produces cream, condensed skim milk, and milk powder. The chocolate and cocoa supplier Barry Callebaut has a facility in the city.

Health care
The Northwestern Medical Center is a hospital serving the city and the Franklin County area.

Railways
Saint Albans is the northern terminus of the Vermonter, a coach/business class train operated by Amtrak, the national passenger rail system. The train operates daily between Saint Albans and Washington, D.C.

The train formerly continued from Saint Albans to Montreal and was named the Montrealer, but that connection was discontinued in 1995.

Education
St. Albans is home to St. Albans City School, an elementary school for students in kindergarten through eighth grade, and Bellows Free Academy, St. Albans, a public high school serving students from many towns in the southern half of Franklin Country.

title: St. Albans (city), Vermont


text:
Swanton, Vermont (village)

Swanton is a village in the town of Swanton in Franklin County, Vermont, United States. It is sometimes called Swanton Village to distinguish it from the surrounding town of the same name. The population was 2,328 at the 2020 census. It was founded in 1888.

Geography
Swanton village is located in the north-central part of the town of Swanton, along the Missisquoi River. U.S. Route 7 passes through the village as Grand Avenue, Canada Street, and Spring Street. To the north US 7 leads 7 mi to its northern terminus at Interstate 89 just south of the Canada–United States border, and to the south it leads 8.5 mi to St. Albans, the Franklin County seat. Interstate 89 passes just east of Swanton village, with access from Exit 21 (Vermont Route 78). I-89 leads north to the Canada–US border and south 36 mi to the Burlington area. Vermont Route 78 passes through the village on First Street, Grand Avenue, Depot Street, and North River Street, leading east 4.5 mi to Highgate Center and west 10 mi to Alburgh on Grand Isle in Lake Champlain. Vermont Route 36 leads west from Swanton village as Lake Street 2 mi to the shore of Lake Champlain at Maquam Bay, then south along the lakeshore 8 mi to St. Albans Bay.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village of Swanton has a total area of 2.05 sqkm, of which 1.97 sqkm is land and 0.08 sqkm, or 4.05%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,548 people, 1,031 households, and 680 families residing in the village. The population density was 3,358.3 people per square mile (1,294.5/km2). There were 1,064 housing units at an average density of 1,402.4/sq mi (540.5/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 91.25% White, 0.35% Black or African American, 4.32% Native American, 0.98% Asian, 0.27% from other races, and 2.83% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.55% of the population.

There were 1,031 households, out of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.5% were married couples living together, 11.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.0% were non-families. 26.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.96.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.8% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 29.4% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.3 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $34,153, and the median income for a family was $41,929. Males had a median income of $31,875 versus $24,800 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,720. About 8.5% of families and 9.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.6% of those under age 18 and 7.8% of those age 65 or over.

Government
The village of Swanton is governed by a board of trustees elected by village residents to staggered terms of three years each. The village president is the presiding officer of all village meetings of the board of trustees and is elected by village residents to a one-year term. The village clerk/treasurer is also elected to a one-year term.

Village officers

 * Village President: Neal Speer (term expires 2024)
 * Village Trustee: Eugene Labombard (term expires 2025)
 * Village Trustee: Adam Paxman (term expires 2026)
 * Village Trustee: Chris Leach (term expires 2024)
 * Village Clerk & Treasurer Dianne Day (term expires 2024)

Notable people

 * Lou Blonger, confidence man; born in Swanton
 * William Brayton, Justice of the Vermont Supreme Court
 * Stephen F. Brown, Union Army officer in the American Civil War.
 * Donald Collins, member of the Vermont State Senate.
 * James Fisk, Representative from Vermont's 3rd congressional district, United States Senator
 * Jerome O'Neill, U.S. Attorney for Vermont
 * Brian K. Savage, Assistant Minority Leader of the Vermont House of Representatives.
 * Albert M. Skeels, Wisconsin State Assemblyman, born in Swanton.

title: Swanton, Vermont (village)


text:
Swanton, Vermont (town)

Swanton is a town in Franklin County, Vermont, United States. The population was 6,701 at the 2020 census. The town includes the village of Swanton.

History
The town of Swanton was chartered in 1763 as one of the New Hampshire Grants by Benning Wentworth, the governor of the Province of New Hampshire. It was named for Captain William Swanton, an officer in the British Army who had traveled through the area during the French and Indian War.

There were French land grants in the area beginning in 1734, and small French settlements including a Catholic mission in what is now Swanton from as early as 1740, when settlers in Quebec used a water route from Quebec City and Montreal to reach the banks of the Missisquoi River near what are now known as Swanton Falls.

None of the original grantees who received the charter from Governor Wentworth settled or resided in Swanton, opting instead to sell or trade their shares. Because of its proximity to the border with New France, and later the Province of Quebec, it was not populated by anyone from the British colonies in the 1760s and 1770s, the newly independent United States in the 1770s and 1780s, or the Vermont Republic in the early 1780s. As late as 1786, Ira Allen owned 59 of the original 64 shares.

In 2013, human artifacts dating from 7,000 years ago were found near the Missisquoi River, including a Neville-type stone object that might have been attached to a spear.

Geography
Swanton is located in western Franklin County, bordered on the west by Lake Champlain and Grand Isle County. The town limits extend northwest to the Canada–United States border within Missisquoi Bay, west of Highgate. St. Albans, the Franklin County seat, is to the south.

Interstate 89 and U.S. Route 7 run more or less parallel in a north-south direction through the town, with US 7 passing through the village of Swanton and I-89 providing access from Exit 21 just east of the village. Vermont Route 78 crosses US 7 in the center of Swanton village, leading east to Enosburg Falls and west across Lake Champlain to Alburg. Vermont Route 36 leads west from Swanton village to Lake Champlain, then turns south along the shore to St. Albans Bay. Vermont Route 207 runs north-south across the town east of I-89, connecting Highgate Center to the north with St. Albans to the south. Vermont Route 105 crosses the east end of the town, leading northeast to Enosburg Falls and southwest to St. Albans.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 159.7 sqkm, of which 124.4 sqkm is land and 35.3 sqkm, or 22.11%, is water.

The village of Swanton is in the north-central part of the town, and the community of Fonda is in the south-central part. Both communities are along US 7. A large portion of the Missisquoi National Wildlife Refuge, where the Missisquoi River enters Lake Champlain, is in the northwestern part of the town.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 6,203 people, 2,329 households, and 1,700 families residing in the town. The population density was 128.1 people per square mile (49.5/km2). There were 2,689 housing units at an average density of 55.6/sq mi (21.4/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 93.10% White, 0.42% Black or African American, 3.40% Native American, 0.45% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.18% from other races, and 2.43% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.44% of the population.

There were 2,329 households, out of which 35.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.4% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.0% were non-families. 20.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.05.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.7% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 29.4% from 25 to 44, 23.3% from 45 to 64, and 12.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $41,086, and the median income for a family was $45,810. Males had a median income of $32,789 versus $25,579 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,228. About 7.2% of families and 9.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.8% of those under age 18 and 9.5% of those age 65 or over.

Local organizations
The Abenaki Nation of Missisquoi, also known as the Mississquoi Abenaki Tribe, a state-recognized tribe that claims descent from Missisquoi people, is based in Swanton. This organization is not federally recognized as a Native American tribe.

Swans
In 1961, Queen Elizabeth II gifted a pair of her Royal Swans to the Town of Swanton at their annual Summer Festival. Swanton Chamber of Commerce members named the swans Sam (for Uncle Sam) and Betty (for Queen Elizabeth). The idea for the swans came from a summer visitor to the area, Harry Gibbons, who worked in public relations for the International Air Transport Authority of Montreal. He presented his idea to the Chamber and a letter of request was sent to Buckingham Palace. The request was granted and the swans were sent from Hickling Broad, Norfolk, England through the Smallburgh Rural District Council which includes the village of Swanton Abbott.

"The swans were caught during the annual "swan-upping" outing held by members of England's ancient guilds, who mark the Queen's swans with a nick on the beak to separate them from their less exalted brethren." The swans were presented to Vermont Governor F. Ray Keyser by a representative of the Canadian Government at a ceremony attended by dignitaries from both sides of the border.

Before summer 2016, the swans died of old age. After a gap of two years, a new set of swans (still named Sam and Betty) were secured and placed in their home in Village Green Park, surrounded by a black fence. The new swans are not related to, or descended from, the originals, but they are still called the Royal Swans.

Notable people

 * Stephen F. Brown, Union Army officer in the American Civil War
 * Lucien B. Caswell, US congressman from Wisconsin
 * James Fisk, member of the United States House of Representatives and United States Senate
 * Oscar Clark Hathaway, Wisconsin state senator
 * Albert B. Jewett, commander of the 10th Vermont Infantry Regiment during the American Civil War
 * William B. La Selle, Wisconsin state assemblyman
 * Albert Whittemore Sanborn, Wisconsin state senator
 * M. Emmet Walsh, actor

title: Swanton, Vermont (town)


text:
Alburgh (village), Vermont

Alburgh is a village within the town of the same name in Grand Isle County, Vermont, United States. The population was 571 at the 2020 census. The town's name came from the person primarily responsible for chartering the community, Ira Allen.

History
The town in which this village is located was chartered in 1781 as "Alburgh". The town's name was changed in 1891 to "Alburg" by recommendation of the United States Board on Geographic Names, so it was that name adopted by Alburg Village when it was incorporated in 1917. By vote of village residents and approval by the Vermont Department of Libraries (in its capacity as the authority on Vermont place names), in 2006 its name reverted to the original spelling of Alburgh. As an incorporated village, it is administered by a publicly elected board of trustees.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.65 sqkm, all land.

The community is located on U.S. Route 2 in the northwestern part of the town of Alburgh, on the eastern shore of Lake Champlain. US 2 leads north, then west over the lake to Rouses Point, New York, 5 mi distant. Burlington, Vermont, is 46 mi to the south via US 2 and Interstate 89. Alburgh village is 2.5 mi south of the Canada–United States border via Vermont Route 225.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 488 people, 209 households, and 127 families residing in the village. The population density was 757.2 people per square mile (294.4/km2). There were 293 housing units at an average density of 454.6/sq mi (176.8/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 95.90% White, 2.46% Native American, 0.20% Asian, and 1.43% from two or more races.

There were 209 households, out of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.8% were married couples living together, 10.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.8% were non-families. 33.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.8% under the age of 18, 9.6% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 17.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $30,536, and the median income for a family was $39,792. Males had a median income of $27,917 versus $20,781 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,677. About 9.4% of families and 11.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.0% of those under age 18 and 6.2% of those age 65 or over.

title: Alburgh (village), Vermont


text:
Alburgh (town), Vermont

Alburgh (formerly Alburg) is a town in Grand Isle County, Vermont, United States, founded in 1781 by Ira Allen. The population was 2,106 at the 2020 United States Census. Alburgh is on the Alburgh Tongue, a peninsula extending from Canada into Lake Champlain, and lies on the only road-based route across Lake Champlain to New York state north of Addison, Vermont.

Name spelling change
The original name of the town, "Alburgh", was changed to "Alburg" in 1891 by recommendation of the United States Board on Geographic Names. The board recommended that all municipality names ending in "-burgh" be revised to end in "-burg" for the sake of standardization. In April 2006, the Vermont Department of Libraries (in its capacity as the authority on Vermont place names) approved the town's request to change its name from Alburg back to Alburgh after a majority vote on town meeting day.

European settlement of Alburgh Tongue and founding of Alburgh
A two-league strip between Missisquoi Bay and the Chambly River (now the Richelieu River) north of the Alburgh tongue was granted by Lieutenant Governor of Quebec Charles de la Boische, Marquis de Beauharnois, and Intendant of New France Gilles Hocquart to Seigneur François Foucault on April 3, 1733 (ratified by the King of France April 6, 1734). Other seigneuries (in particular the seigneurie de la Fontaine to the south) were granted but were not settled. Janvrin Dufresne surveyed the land for the government and submitted his report on June 14, 1737, that the seigneuries were not settled. Foucault thence resubmitted his application to the land in March 1739 (requesting an extension of one league to the south), having established Missiskouy (Missiquoi) Village with six inhabitants. On May 10, 1741, the seigneuries were deemed forfeited for lack of settlement; on May 1, 1743, Foucault's application was accepted (ratified by the King on March 25, 1745). In 1744, Foucault petitioned to extend his seigneurie over the entire peninsula to a total length of five leagues and including the former seigneurie de la Fontaine; the petition was granted November 1, 1744. By 1747, however, the peninsula had been abandoned by any European settlers.

In 1763 at the end of the French and Indian War, New France was ceded to Great Britain. General James Murray purchased the lands including Foucault's seigneurie, and his nephew Richard Murray granted a 99-year lease of the seigneurie to Colonel Henry Caldwell in 1774.

Alburgh was charted February 23, 1781, by Ira Allen and 64 others. Allen paid for the charting, and the name of the town is probably derived from "Allensburgh".

In 1781 Allen was part of the commission that negotiated the Vermont–New York boundary, placing the Alburgh Tongue in Vermont. In 1783 the Canada–United States border was established at the 45th parallel north, making the Vermonter claims to the land undisputed.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 126.4 sqkm, of which 75.5 sqkm are land and 51.0 sqkm, or 40.31%, are water.

Alburgh is one of only six non-island locations in the 48 contiguous states not directly connected to them by land, the others being nearby Province Point, Vermont; Point Roberts, Washington; Elm Point, Minnesota; the Northwest Angle in Minnesota; and an unnamed point in North Dakota. However, there are bridges to Rouses Point, New York, (U.S. Route 2) and Swanton, Vermont, as well as to North Hero island to the southeast. This makes Alburgh not practically an exclave, unlike the other locations not connected to the United States by land. Isle La Motte lies to the southwest. Alburgh Dunes State Park has one of the most natural and longest beaches on Lake Champlain.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,952 people, 791 households, and 529 families residing in the town. The population density was 66.6 people per square mile (25.7/km$2$). There were 1,259 housing units at an average density of 43.0 per square mile (16.6/km$2$). The racial makeup of the town was 96.67% White, 1.95% Native American, 0.15% Asian, and 1.23% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.20% of the population.

There were 791 households, out of which 31.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.4% were married couples living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.1% were non-families. 26.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.97.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.4% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 28.8% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $33,148, and the median income for a family was $39,783. Males had a median income of $30,655 versus $23,750 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,285. About 10.8% of families and 12.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.4% of those under age 18 and 13.9% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Jeptha Bradley (1802–1862), Vermont Auditor of Accounts, served as U.S. Customs Inspector in Alburgh
 * Barbour Lewis (1818–1893), US congressman from Tennessee, born in Alburgh
 * Norman Albert Mott (1855–1920), member of the Mississippi Legislature; born in Alburgh

title: Alburgh (town), Vermont


text:
Cambridge (village), Vermont

Cambridge is a village in the town of Cambridge, Lamoille County, Vermont, United States. The population was 210 at the 2020 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.3 square miles (3.3 km2), all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 236 people, 115 households, and 53 families residing in the village. The population density was 190.3 people per square mile (71.51/km2). There were 115 housing units at an average density of 92.7/sq mi (34.84/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 94.04% White, 0.85% Black or African American, and 5.11% from two or more races.

As of the 2000 census, there were 95 households, out of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.5% were married couples living together, 4.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.2% were non-families. 28.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.3% under the age of 18, 14.0% from 18 to 24, 35.7% from 25 to 44, 17.4% from 45 to 64, and 8.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $31,250, and the median income for a family was $36,563. Males had a median income of $27,000 versus $18,929 for females. The per capita income for the village was $15,528. None of the families and 9.0% of the population were living below the poverty line.

title: Cambridge (village), Vermont


text:
36th Annual Grammy Awards

The 36th Annual Grammy Awards were held on March 1, 1994. They recognized accomplishments by musicians from the previous year. Whitney Houston was the Big Winner winning 3 awards including Record of the Year and Album of the Year while opening the show with "I Will Always Love You".

Audrey Hepburn's win made her the fifth person to become an EGOT, and the first person to complete the status posthumously.

Paul Simon was the first performer of the evening.

Performers

 * Whitney Houston – I Will Always Love You
 * Kenny G & Toni Braxton – Breathe Again
 * Gloria Estefan w/ Tito Puente, Sheila E. and Arturo Sandoval – Mi Tierra
 * Garth Brooks & Wynonna Judd – Standing Outside the Fire
 * Sting – If I Ever Lose My Faith in You
 * Aerosmith – Livin' on the Edge
 * Billy Joel – The River Of Dreams
 * Aretha Franklin – (You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman
 * Natalie Cole – It's Sand, Man
 * Bonnie Raitt, Don Was, Bruce Springsteen, Steve Winwood, Tony! Toni! Toné!, Narada Michael Walden, B.B. King – tribute to Curtis Mayfield

Presenters

 * Bono – Grammy Legend Award to Frank Sinatra
 * Danny Glover – Lifetime Achievement Award to Aretha Franklin
 * SWV & Salt-N-Pepa – Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group
 * Dolly Parton & David Foster – Best Female Pop Vocal Performance
 * Kenny G & Toni Braxton – Best Male Pop Vocal Performance
 * Shawn Colvin, Trisha Yearwood & Mary Chapin Carpenter – Best Male Country Vocal Performance
 * Meat Loaf & Vanessa Williams – Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals
 * k.d. lang & Tony Bennett – Best Alternative Music Album
 * Tevin Campbell, Jon Secada & Celine Dion – Best Tropical Latin Album
 * Lee Ritenour & Oleta Adams – Best Jazz Vocal Performance
 * Billy Joel – Producer of the Year
 * Alan Jackson, Don Was & Jody Watley – Best New Artist
 * Spin Doctors & Melissa Etheridge – Song of the Year
 * B.B. King & Steve Winwood – Record of the Year
 * Bonnie Raitt & Lena Horne – Album of the Year

Award winners

 * Record of the Year
 * "I Will Always Love You" – Whitney Houston
 * David Foster, producer; Tom Elmhirst & Mark Rankin, engineers/mixers
 * Walter Afanasieff (producer) for "A Whole New World" - Peabo Bryson & Regina Belle
 * Joe Nicolo & Danny Kortchmar (producer) for "The River of Dreams" - Billy Joel
 * Sting & Hugh Padgham (producer) for "If I Ever Lose My Faith in You" - Sting
 * Neil Young (producer) for "Harvest Moon" - Neil Young
 * Album of the Year
 * The Bodyguard: Original Soundtrack Album – Whitney Houston
 * Houston, Babyface, BeBe Winans, David Cole, David Foster, L.A. Reid, Narada Michael Walden, Robert Clivilles, Clive Davis, producer
 * R.E.M & Scott Litt (producers) for Automatic for the People
 * Walter Becker (producer) & Donald Fagen (artist) for Kamakiriad
 * Billy Joel & Danny Kortchmar, Joe Nicolo (producers) for River of Dreams
 * Sting and Hugh Padgham (producers) for Ten Summoner's Tales

 * Song of the Year
 * Alan Menken & Tim Rice (songwriters) for "A Whole New World" performed by Peabo Bryson & Regina Belle
 * Billy Joel for "The River of Dreams" performed by Billy Joel
 * Jim Steinman for "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)" performed by Meat Loaf
 * Sting for "If I Ever Lose My Faith in You" performed by Sting
 * Neil Young for "Harvest Moon" performed by Neil Young
 * Best New Artist
 * Toni Braxton
 * Belly
 * Blind Melon
 * Digable Planets
 * SWV

Pop

 * Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female
 * Whitney Houston for "I Will Always Love You"
 * Mariah Carey — "Dreamlover"
 * Shawn Colvin — "I Don't Know Why"
 * k.d. lang — "Miss Chatelaine"
 * Tina Turner — "I Don't Wanna Fight"
 * Best Pop Vocal Performance, Male
 * Sting for "If I Ever Lose My Faith in You"
 * "The Crying Game" – Boy George
 * "The River of Dreams" – Billy Joel
 * "Don't Take Away My Heaven" – Aaron Neville
 * "Have I Told You Lately" – Rod Stewart
 * Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal
 * Peabo Bryson & Regina Belle for "A Whole New World"
 * "When I Fall in Love" — Celine Dion & Clive Griffin
 * "Man on the Moon" — R.E.M.
 * "The Music of the Night" — Barbra Streisand & Michael Crawford
 * "Love Is" — Vanessa Williams & Brian McKnight
 * Best Pop Instrumental Performance
 * Branford Marsalis & Bruce Hornsby for "Barcelona Mona"

Alternative

 * Best Alternative Music Performance
 * U2 for Zooropa
 * Belly – Star
 * Nirvana – In Utero
 * R.E.M. – Automatic for the People
 * The Smashing Pumpkins – Siamese Dream

Blues

 * Best Traditional Blues Album
 * B.B. King for Blues Summit
 * Best Contemporary Blues Album
 * Buddy Guy for Feels Like Rain

Children's

 * Best Musical Album for Children
 * Alan Menken, Tim Rice (producers) & various artists for Aladdin - Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
 * Best Spoken Word Album for Children
 * Deborah Raffin, Michael Viner (producers) & Audrey Hepburn for Audrey Hepburn's Enchanted Tales

Comedy

 * From 1994 through 2003, see "Best Spoken Comedy Album" under the "Spoken" field, below.

Classical

 * Best Orchestral Performance
 * Pierre Boulez (conductor)& the Chicago Symphony Orchestra for Bartók: The Wooden Prince
 * Best Classical Vocal Performance
 * Arleen Auger for The Art of Arleen Auger (Works of Larsen, Purcell, Schumann, Mozart)
 * Best Opera Recording
 * Steven Paul (producer), John Nelson (conductor), John Aler, Kathleen Battle, Michael Chance, Mark S. Doss, Marilyn Horne, Neil Mackie, Sylvia McNair, Samuel Ramey, the Ambrosian Opera Chorus & the English Chamber Orchestra for Handel: Semele
 * Best Performance of a Choral Work
 * Pierre Boulez (conductor), Margaret Hillis (choir director) & the Chicago Symphony Orchestra & Chorus for Bartók: Cantata Profana
 * Best Classical Performance-Instrumental Soloist(s) (with orchestra)
 * James Levine (conductor), Anne-Sophie Mutter & the Chicago Symphony Orchestra for Berg: Violin Concerto/Rihm: Time Chant
 * Best Classical Performance-Instrumental Soloist (without orchestra)
 * John Browning for Barber: The Complete Solo Piano Music
 * Best Chamber Music Performance
 * The Emerson String Quartet for Ives: String Quartets Nos. 1, 2/ Barber: String Quartet Op.11 (American Originals)
 * Best Contemporary Composition
 * Elliott Carter (composer), Oliver Knussen (conductor) & the London Symphony Orchestra for Violin Concerto
 * Best Classical Album
 * Karl-August Naegler (producer), Pierre Boulez (conductor), John Aler, John Tomlinson & the Chicago Symphony Orchestra & Chorus for Bartók: The Wooden Prince & Cantata Profana

Composing and arranging

 * Best Instrumental Composition
 * Kenny G (composer) for "Forever in Love"
 * Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or for Television
 * Alan Menken & Tim Rice (songwriters) for "A Whole New World (Aladdin's Theme)" performed by Regina Belle & Peabo Bryson
 * Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television
 * Alan Menken (composer) for Aladdin performed by various artists
 * Best Arrangement on an Instrumental
 * Dave Grusin (arranger) for "Mood Indigo"
 * Best Instrumental Arrangement Accompanying Vocal(s)
 * David Foster & Jeremy Lubbock (arrangers) for "When I Fall in Love" performed by Céline Dion & Clive Griffin

Country

 * Best Country Vocal Performance, Female
 * Mary Chapin Carpenter for "Passionate Kisses"
 * Best Country Vocal Performance, Male
 * Dwight Yoakam for "Ain't That Lonely Yet"
 * Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal
 * Brooks & Dunn for "Hard Workin' Man"
 * Best Country Vocal Collaboration
 * Linda Davis & Reba McEntire for "Does He Love You"
 * Best Country Instrumental Performance
 * Asleep at the Wheel, Chet Atkins, Eldon Shamblin, Johnny Gimble, Marty Stuart, Reuben "Lucky Oceans" Gosfield & Vince Gill for "Red Wing"
 * Best Country Song
 * Lucinda Williams (songwriter) for "Passionate Kisses" performed by Mary Chapin Carpenter
 * Best Bluegrass Album
 * The Nashville Bluegrass Band for Waitin' for the Hard Times to Go

Folk

 * Best Traditional Folk Album
 * The Chieftains for The Celtic Harp: A Tribute To Edward Bunting
 * Best Contemporary Folk Album
 * Nanci Griffith for Other Voices/Other Rooms

Gospel

 * Best Pop/Contemporary Gospel Album
 * Steven Curtis Chapman for The Live Adventure
 * Best Rock Gospel Album
 * dc Talk for Free at Last
 * Best Traditional Soul Gospel Album
 * Shirley Caesar for Stand Still
 * Best Contemporary Soul Gospel Album
 * The Winans for All Out
 * Best Southern Gospel, Country Gospel or Bluegrass Gospel Album
 * Kathy Mattea for Good News
 * Best Gospel Album by a Choir or Chorus
 * Carol Cymbala (choir director) for Live...We Come Rejoicing performed by the Brooklyn Tabernacle Choir

Historical

 * Best Historical Album
 * Michael Lang & Phil Schaap (producers) for The Complete Billie Holiday on Verve 1945-1959

Jazz

 * Best Jazz Instrumental Solo
 * Joe Henderson for "Miles Ahead"
 * Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Individual or Group
 * Joe Henderson for So Near, So Far (Musings for Miles)
 * Best Large Jazz Ensemble Performance
 * Miles Davis & Quincy Jones for Miles & Quincy Live at Montreux
 * Best Jazz Vocal Performance
 * Natalie Cole for Take a Look
 * Best Contemporary Jazz Performance (Instrumental)
 * Pat Metheny Group for The Road to You

Latin

 * Best Latin Pop Album
 * Luis Miguel for Aries
 * Best Tropical Latin Album
 * Gloria Estefan for Mi Tierra
 * Best Mexican-American Album
 * Selena for Live!

Musical show

 * Best Musical Show Album
 * George Martin (producer), Pete Townshend (composer & lyricist) & the original cast for The Who's Tommy

Music video

 * Best Music Video, Short Form
 * Prudence Fenton (video producer), Stephen Johnson (video director) & Peter Gabriel for "Steam"
 * Best Music Video, Long Form
 * Julie Fong (video producer), Doug Nichol (video director) & Sting for Ten Summoner's Tales

New Age

 * Best New Age Album
 * Paul Winter Consort for Spanish Angel

Packaging and notes

 * Best Recording Package
 * David Lau (art director) for The Complete Billie Holiday on Verve 1945-1959 performed by Billie Holiday
 * Best Album Notes
 * Buck Clayton, Joel E. Siegel & Phil Schaap (notes writers) for The Complete Billie Holiday on Verve 1945-1959 performed by Billie Holiday

Polka

 * Best Polka Album
 * Walter Ostanek for Accordionally Yours performed by Walter Ostanek & His Band

Production and engineering

 * Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical
 * Hugh Padgham (engineer) for Ten Summoner's Tales performed by Sting

 * Best Engineered Album, Classical
 * Rainer Maillard (engineer), Pierre Boulez (conductor) & the Chicago Symphony Orchestra & Chorus for Bartók: The Wooden Prince & Cantata Profana

 * Producer of the Year
 * David Foster

 * Classical Producer of the Year
 * Judith Sherman

R&B

 * Best R&B Vocal Performance, Female
 * Toni Braxton for "Another Sad Love Song"
 * Aretha Franklin – "Someday We'll All Be Free"
 * Whitney Houston – "I'm Every Woman"
 * Janet Jackson – "That's The Way Love Goes"
 * Patti LaBelle – "All Right Now"
 * Best R&B Vocal Performance, Male
 * Ray Charles for "A Song for You"
 * "Can We Talk" – Tevin Campbell
 * "For the Cool in You" – Babyface
 * "How Deep Is Your Love" – Luther Vandross
 * "Voodoo" – Teddy Pendergrass
 * Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal
 * Sade for "No Ordinary Love"
 * Boyz II Men "Let It Snow"
 * Earth, Wind & Fire "Sunday Morning"
 * En Vogue "Give It Up, Turn It Loose"
 * Tony! Toni! Toné! "Anniversary"
 * Best Rhythm & Blues Song
 * Janet Jackson, Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis (songwriters) for "That's the Way Love Goes" performed by Janet Jackson
 * Babyface & Daryl Simmons (songwriters) for "Can We Talk" (Tevin Campbell)
 * Luther Vandross & Marcus Miller (songwriters) for "Little Miracles (Happen Every Day)" (Luther Vandross)
 * Luther Vandross & Reed Vertelney (songwriters) for "Heaven Knows" (Luther Vandross)
 * Raphael Wiggins & Carl Wheeler (songwriters) for "Anniversary" (Tony! Toni! Toné!)

Rap

 * Best Rap Solo Performance
 * Dr. Dre for "Let Me Ride"
 * Paperboy – "Ditty"
 * Sir Mix-a-Lot – "Just Da Pimpin' In Me"
 * MC Lyte – "Ruffneck"
 * LL Cool J – "Stand by Your Man"
 * Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group
 * Digable Planets for "Rebirth of Slick (Cool Like Dat)"
 * Arrested Development — "Revolution"
 * Cypress Hill — "Insane in the Brain"
 * Dr. Dre & Snoop Dogg — "Nuthin' but a 'G' Thang"
 * Naughty by Nature — "Hip Hop Hooray"

Reggae

 * Best Reggae Album
 * Inner Circle for Bad Boys

Rock

 * Best Rock Vocal Performance, Solo
 * Meat Loaf for "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)"
 * Neil Young – "All Along the Watchtower"
 * Lenny Kravitz – "Are You Gonna Go My Way"
 * Sting – "Demolition Man"
 * Peter Gabriel – "Steam"
 * Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal
 * Aerosmith for "Livin' on the Edge"
 * Blind Melon – "No Rain"
 * Bob Dylan, Roger McGuinn, Tom Petty, Neil Young, Eric Clapton and George Harrison– "My Back Pages"
 * Soul Asylum – "Runaway Train"
 * Spin Doctors – "Two Princes"
 * Best Rock Instrumental Performance
 * Steve Vai for "Sofa"
 * Aerosmith – "Boogie Man"
 * Jeff Beck and Jed Leiber – "Hi-Heel Sneakers"
 * Joe Satriani – "Speed of Light"
 * Tangerine Dream – "Purple Haze
 * Best Hard Rock Performance with Vocal
 * Stone Temple Pilots for "Plush"
 * AC/DC – "Highway to Hell" (live)
 * Living Colour – "Leave It Alone"
 * Robert Plant – "Calling to You"
 * The Smashing Pumpkins – "Cherub Rock"
 * Best Metal Performance with Vocal
 * Ozzy Osbourne for "I Don't Want to Change the World"
 * Iron Maiden – "Fear of the Dark" (live)
 * Megadeth – "Angry Again"
 * Suicidal Tendencies – "Institutionalized"
 * White Zombie – "Thunder Kiss '65"
 * Best Rock Song
 * David Pirner (songwriter) for "Runaway Train" performed by Soul Asylum

Spoken

 * Best Spoken Word or Non-musical Album
 * Maya Angelou for On the Pulse of Morning
 * Best Spoken Comedy Album
 * George Carlin for Jammin' in New York

Traditional pop

 * Best Traditional Pop Vocal Performance
 * Tony Bennett for Steppin' Out

World

 * Best World Music Album
 * V. M. Bhatt & Ry Cooder for A Meeting by the River

Grammy Legend Award

 * Curtis Mayfield
 * Frank Sinatra

MusiCares Person of the Year

 * Gloria Estefan

title: 36th Annual Grammy Awards