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Dave Navarro

David Michael Navarro (born June 7, 1967) is an American guitarist. He is best known as a member of the rock band Jane's Addiction, with whom he has recorded four studio albums. Between 1993 and 1998, Navarro was the guitarist of the Red Hot Chili Peppers, recording one studio album, One Hot Minute (1995), before departing. He has also released one solo album, Trust No One (2001). Navarro has also been a member of Jane's Addiction-related bands Deconstruction and the Panic Channel.

AllMusic's Greg Prato described Navarro as "one of alternative rock's first true guitar heroes", with an eclectic playing style that merges heavy metal, psychedelia, and modern rock. "He's one of the last great guitarists," said Henry Rollins, former Black Flag singer, who saw him playing with Jane's Addiction.

Navarro is also a host and judge on Ink Master, an American tattoo competition reality series that aired on Paramount Network (formerly called Spike) from 2012 to 2020 and Paramount+ since 2022.

Early life and family
David Michael Navarro was born on June 7, 1967, in Santa Monica, California, the only child of James Raul Navarro and Constance Colleen Hopkins. His paternal grandparents were Mexican immigrants. His grandfather Gabriel Navarro was close friends with Mexican silent film actor Ramón Novarro, who allegedly adopted his artistic surname. He attended Notre Dame High School in Sherman Oaks, California, where he was a member of the marching band with future Jane's Addiction bandmate Stephen Perkins.

Navarro's mother and aunt were murdered by her ex-boyfriend, John (Dean) Riccardi, in March 1983. Riccardi was arrested in 1991, thanks to a viewer tip after Riccardi was featured on the television series America's Most Wanted. During his appearance on America's Most Wanted in 2004, Navarro stated that he was supposed to visit and stay with his mother on the night of her murder but at the last minute went to stay with his father. In 2015, Navarro released the documentary Mourning Son, which details his abuse at the hands of Riccardi, his mother's murder and his spiral into drug addiction, as well as the pain he has had to overcome in the years since her death. The documentary culminated in Navarro meeting his mother's killer in prison.

Personal life
Navarro has been married three times: celebrity makeup artist Tania Goddard-Saylor (1990–1992, divorced), Rhian Gittins (1994, annulled), and model and actress Carmen Electra (2003–2007, divorced). He is currently engaged to actress Vanessa DuBasso.

He has also been linked with Storm Large, Jenna Jameson, Stormy Daniels, Sasha Grey, and MAXIM model Tami Donaldson.

Politics
Navarro was invited to be a performer at the 2002 Democratic National Convention, and at the 2012 Republican National Convention in which Mitt Romney was nominated for president. In 2016, he described his views in a tweet as "Libertarian". Navarro had stated he was supporting Marianne Williamson as a candidate for the 2020 Democratic presidential primaries. He subsequently expressed support for Tulsi Gabbard, including having her on his show.

Early influence
Navarro picked up the guitar at age 7, being inspired by his cousin, singer-songwriter Dan Navarro. He said that "When I was very young, it was always Jimi Hendrix." He was also fascinated by Yngwie Malmsteen for a brief period. Navarro also stated that he learned a lot from Robert Smith of the Cure and Daniel Ash of Bauhaus. He also said: "And I have always loved all the different guitarists that have been in Siouxsie and the Banshees". He considers that "The great innovators, for me, are still Hendrix and [Jimmy] Page." Van Halen's debut album was another reason why he learned to play guitar. To this day, his tastes range from eccentric virtuosos like Steve Vai and Al Di Meola, to experimenters like Kevin Shields and old school blues players like Junior Kimbrough.

1986–1993
Navarro joined the band Jane's Addiction in 1986 as the lead guitarist after he was recommended to vocalist Perry Farrell by drummer Stephen Perkins, who was a childhood friend of Navarro's. The band became successful and was popular in the alternative-rock music scene. Over the next five years, Jane's Addiction released three albums, Jane's Addiction (1987), Nothing's Shocking (1988) and Ritual de lo Habitual (1990). Personal tensions, however, led to their breakup in 1991. The Lollapalooza festival was created by Farrell as a farewell tour for Jane's Addiction.

After the departure of Guns N' Roses' original rhythm guitarist Izzy Stradlin in August 1991, Navarro was the first choice of lead singer Axl Rose to replace Stradlin; despite four attempts to have him come in and play with Slash, he never showed up. However, he later went on to play on the 1999 Guns N' Roses song "Oh My God", which was featured on the End of Days soundtrack. In 1993, Navarro formed Deconstruction with Jane's Addiction's Eric Avery on vocals and bass and Michael Murphy on drums. The band put out one self-titled album in 1994. Rick Rubin was involved in the production and Butthole Surfers singer Gibby Haynes makes a guest appearance. They did not tour due to Avery's exhaustion after Jane's Addiction.

1993–1998
Navarro joined Red Hot Chili Peppers in September 1993. His first large-scale performance with the band was at Woodstock '94. The only album on which Navarro played with Red Hot Chili Peppers, One Hot Minute, was released in 1995. The band later recorded and released a cover of the Ohio Players' song "Love Rollercoaster" for the Beavis and Butt-Head Do America soundtrack, which was released as a single. The band also contributed to the John Lennon song "I Found Out" to the Working Class Hero: A Tribute to John Lennon album, as well as the One Hot Minute outtake "Melancholy Mechanics" to the Twister soundtrack.

In 1995, Navarro played guitar for Alanis Morissette's track "You Oughta Know" on one of the 1990s' most successful albums, Jagged Little Pill.

Despite mixed reviews, One Hot Minute sold over eight million copies worldwide and produced three hit singles. Navarro toured with Jane's Addiction for their 1997 Relapse tour with Flea on bass. After two years of touring on and off with Red Hot Chili Peppers, and his subsequent heroin relapse, Navarro was fired in 1998 over "creative differences". Navarro would later explain the main reasons for departing as being a result of not being given "the same latitude" with regards to his drug usage and recovery as Anthony Kiedis who was also undergoing a similar issue, and his musical sensibilities never really matching with the rest of the band.

Navarro also remixed Janet Jackson's "What'll I Do" for her Janet Remixed album during this time.

In 1999, Navarro also appeared in a guest role as an escaped prison convict on an episode of Martial Law titled "Friendly Skies", along side fellow rockers Bret Michaels, Rick Springfield and David Silveria.

2001–2005
The summer 2001 album Trust No One (Capitol Records) marked his solo debut. The band assembled for the accompanying US tour consisted of Navarro, guitarist Dave Kushner (who would go on to form Velvet Revolver), bassist Miiko Watanabe and drummer Angel Roché, Jr.. He would later state that touring as a vocalist was harder to prepare for every night than just playin guitar, and wouldn't want to sing again. In 2002, Jane's Addiction reformed with bass player Chris Chaney and started work on a new album. The band entered the studio with veteran rock producer Bob Ezrin, resulting in the album Strays and the Lollapalooza 2003 tour in support of the album. In 2002, Michael Jackson performed at the Apollo Theater for the Democratic National Convention, and Navarro was set to play guitar for his hit song "Black or White". The song was ultimately cut from the set, but there are pictures and video snippets for the rehearsals. During this time Navarro also made a cameo in Mariah Carey's "Bringin' On the Heartbreak" music video.

Navarro began working with Camp Freddy during this time. In 2003, he and his fiancée, Carmen Electra, agreed to have their wedding preparations filmed for an MTV show titled Til Death Do Us Part; Camp Freddy played at the reception. The show was a success and was released on DVD in the fall of 2005. Navarro's book, Don't Try This at Home, was published on October 5, 2004 by ReganBooks, and quickly became a Los Angeles Times bestseller.

Navarro appeared in two tournaments on Celebrity Poker Showdown in 2004. In the third tournament of the series, he won his qualifying game and appeared in the championship round. In the fourth series, he appeared only in a qualifying round.

2006 to present
Navarro co-hosted with Brooke Burke, two seasons of the Mark Burnett television series: Rock Star: INXS and Rock Star: Supernova. Navarro and his band, the Panic Channel, released their album One, in August 2006. They toured with Rock Star Supernova (the band formed from the series) in January/February 2007. During this period, Navarro had his own internet radio station. He soon broadened his creativity with an internet talk show called: Dave Navarro's SPREAD TV, which was streamed on ManiaTV.com and was made available for download on iTunes. The show highlighted avant-garde subjects, artistry, and the human condition. Videos from the series are also available on Navarro's YouTube channel.

In 2007, Navarro also teamed with Teravision to direct his first adult movie, Broken starring Sasha Grey (who he was also managing at the time ), in the first of a planned series of celebrity-directed adult movies. This effort won "Best High End All-Sex Release" at the 2008 AVN Awards. Navarro appeared in Season 1 and Season 2 of Z Rock with Brooklyn-based band ZO2 on IFC. In 2008, he recorded additional riffs for the version of "Black Cat" performed on Janet Jackson's Rock Witchu Tour, appearing on screens during the rendition.

Jane's Addiction reunited once more in 2008 with all of the original members. Soon after performing together for the first time in 17 years at the NME Award ceremony in Los Angeles, the band was contacted by Trent Reznor. Reznor began working with Jane's Addiction in his studio; they recorded and released two songs ("Chip Away" and "Whores") online on the NINJA 2009 Tour Sampler. Both songs were previously released on their self-titled 1987 live album. This time together in the studio led directly to the pairing of Nine Inch Nails and Jane's Addiction for a worldwide tour in 2009. The tour was branded the NIN/JA tour by fans.

During August 2009, Navarro toured southern California as part of the Billy Corgan-led band Spirits in the Sky. In 2010, he posed naked for PETA's anti-fur campaign, "Ink Not Mink". He stripped down again for the group's anti animal-testing campaign in 2013.

In 2011, Navarro appeared as the "Director" of a Rock and Roll Fantasy Camp, playing a complicated passage for a "camper" to emulate, in a commercial for Citibank.

Navarro featured on the track "Girls/Fast Cars" on the album The Wombats Proudly Present: This Modern Glitch by indie rock band the Wombats.

The Red Hot Chili Peppers were named 2012 inductees to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Despite being in the band for five years and playing on one album, Navarro was not inducted, thereby being one of two RHCP guitarists to be on an album that weren't inducted (the other being Jack Sherman). When the announcement was made of the induction, Navarro said he was happy for the band but later said he had no plans to attend the ceremony, which was held in April 2012. Anthony Kiedis was asked why Navarro was not included in the induction and he responded by saying "He's in this other band, which may in fact be inducted itself one day, called Jane's Addiction. I think that's the band closest to his heart, and that most represents his contribution to the world in terms of music. So maybe it makes more sense for him to be inducted one day as a member of Jane's Addiction." According to the Hall of Fame and the Chili Peppers' lawyer, it is the Hall of Fame's decision on which members are inducted. They eventually selected original members, current members and those who have appeared on multiple albums. Ex-Peppers guitarist Jack Sherman disagreed and felt that both he and Navarro were being treated unfairly by the band, and believed they did have a say in who was inducted. Drummer Chad Smith was the only band member to acknowledge both Navarro and Sherman (along with other former members) during his induction speech.

Navarro appeared in four episodes of the FX drama Sons of Anarchy in 2012 and appeared as a guest on an episode of Talking Dead. In February 2013, he had a guest role in Law and Order: SVU, playing a sound engineer. In January 2012, Navarro became host and judge on the Paramount show Ink Master.

In 2018, Navarro's personal assistant, actress Kelsey Gunn started an online web series on Instagram known as "Assisting Navarro", providing an entertaining look into Kelsey's life and tasks as Navarro's assistant. This culminated in the release of the Assisting Navarro short film, which was released on January 31, 2020.

In 2019. Navarro formed an art collective known as Duel Diagnosis specializing in "apparel, art, and spectacle" focused on conversations regarding mental health and illness.

In 2020, Navarro began jamming with Chris Chaney and Taylor Hawkins, ultimately forming the "Yacht Goth" supergroup NHC (Navarro Hawkins Chaney). They made their live debut at Ohana Encore Festival on October 1st, 2021. The band would perform a number of shows that featured guest musicians such as Barbara Gruska of The Belle Brigade, Pat Smear, Chad Smith, and Matt Cameron. and release a few singles and an EP up until Hawkins' death in 2022.

On February 8, 2020, Navarro performed with Jane's Addiction at a memorial show for Andrew Burkle, son of billionaire Ronald Burkle who died in January 2020. Navarro was photographed for the first time in 23 years with his former Red Hot Chili Peppers bandmates, who also performed. John Frusciante, who replaced Navarro in the band back in 1998, performed briefly with Jane's Addiction marking the first time the two Chili Peppers guitarists have shared a stage together.

On December 20, 2021, Navarro and Billy Morrison held their third annual Above Ground benefit concert in Los Angeles. They were joined onstage by Anthony Kiedis for a performance of Lou Reed's "Walk on the Wild Side". This marked the first performance of Kiedis and Navarro together in 24 years since Navarro was fired from the Red Hot Chili Peppers.

Navarro sat out a joint tour between Jane's Addiction and the Smashing Pumpkins in 2022 due to long COVID; his place was filled by Queens of the Stone Age guitarist Troy Van Leeuwen for the duration of the tour. Navarro was again absent from Jane's Addiction on their 2023 tour while still battling the effects of long COVID, and Josh Klinghoffer played guitar in his place.

Jane's Addiction returned to the studio in 2023 to record new material and announced that Navarro hadn't participated due to his ongoing struggle with long COVID. Navarro returned to the band in May 2024 with the classic Jane's Addiction line-up performing their first show together in fourteen years on May 23, 2024. The show featured two new songs, the first new songs from the classic line-up in thirty-four years. The would embark on a 2024 tour of Europe and the U.S. with the original line-up.

Equipment
He began using PRS Guitars on the Lollapalooza tour in 1991. His signature model PRS (White with Gold Hardware) is now his primary stage guitar and is based on their Custom 24 model. He has several models in his regular stage and studio rig (like a double neck version ), and was only the third PRS artist to have both a Maryland-made and SE version of their Signature Model.

Prior to his PRS signature line of guitars, Dave was mostly known for playing Ibanez RG guitars (like his RG with the Nothing's Shocking cover photo custom paint or Tele styled gold top ) and Gibson Les Pauls, all of which were used for the first two Jane's Addiction albums. Since late 2008, he has been seen both live and in studio using a custom white Ibanez RG, with a humbucker/single/single pickup layout, gold hardware, and a vintage style tremolo, essentially an Ibanez version of his PRS Guitars Signature Model. He also used a blue Parker Fly guitar during his stint in RHCP, for songs that required an acoustic sound live. In 2019 through Guitar Center LA, Dave was reunited with his Custom Ibanez RG with Nothing Shocking graphic after it came into their store. Dave pawned it for drug money back in the '90s and forgot picking the guitar back up. For music videos, Dave has primarily been seen to use Danelectro guitars (seen in "Rexall" and "Warped" ), Fernandes guitars (seen in "Hungry" ), Gibson Flying V (seen in "Bringin' On The Heartbreak" ), and Custom Shop Fender Stratocasters (seen in "Aeroplane" and used for a majority of his time in RHCP). He has also used a Fernandes Mini Traveling NOMAD guitar to record the guitar solo on "Walkabout".

Dave's choice of guitar effects pedals are all made from BOSS. His amp preference was for the Marshall JCM 900 amp series which he preferred for their clean and dirty channels. In 2022, Dave switched over to using Friedman amps live. His preference for strings are Ernie Ball.

Epiphone Guitars (a subsidiary of Gibson) released its Dave Navarro Artist Acoustic in July 2010. According to an interview with Navarro on Gibson.com, the new guitar is based upon the classic Gibson (and Epiphone) "Hummingbird" design, and has already been played by the guitarist in the studio while recording with Jane's Addiction.

EPs

 * Rhimorse (1995)

With Deconstruction

 * Deconstruction (1994)

With Red Hot Chili Peppers

 * 1995 One Hot Minute
 * 1995 Working Class Hero: A Tribute to John Lennon ("I Found Out" only)
 * 1996 Beavis and Butt-head Do America ("Love Rollercoaster" only)
 * 2003 Greatest Hits ("Aeroplane" and "My Friends" only)
 * 2011 Road Trippin' Through Time ("Aeroplane" only)
 * 2012 Rock & Roll Hall of Fame Covers EP ("Suffragette City" only)
 * With NHC (Navarro, Hawkins, Chaney)
 * 2021 Navarro Hawkins Chaney (2 singles)
 * 2021 Devil That You Know / Lazy Eyes (2 singles)
 * 2022 Intakes & Outakes (EP)

Guest appearances
With Janet Jackson With Nine Inch Nails
 * 1995 Janet Remixed – lead guitar and remix on "What'll I Do" (Dave Navarro Mix)
 * 2008 Rock Witchu Tour – lead guitar and video appearance on "Black Cat" (Live version)
 * 1995 Further Down the Spiral – lead guitar on "Piggy (Nothing Can Stop Me Now)"
 * 2016 Not the Actual Events – lead guitar on "Burning Bright (Field on Fire)"

 * With Alanis Morissette
 * 1995 Jagged Little Pill – lead guitar on "You Oughta Know"

 * With 4 Non Blondes
 * 1995 Encomium: A Tribute to Led Zeppelin – lead guitar on "Misty Mountain Hop"

 * With Marilyn Manson
 * 1998 Mechanical Animals – guitar solo on "I Don't Like the Drugs (But the Drugs Like Me)"

 * With Guns N' Roses
 * 1999 End of Days OST – lead guitar on "Oh My God"

 * With Perry Farrell
 * 2001 Song Yet to Be Sung – guitar and percussion on "Song Yet to Be Sung"

 * With P.Diddy
 * 2001 The Saga Continues... – lead guitar on "Bad Boy for Life"

 * With Christina Aguilera
 * 2002 Stripped – lead guitar on "Fighter"

 * With Gene Simmons
 * 2004 Asshole – lead guitar on "Firestarter" (The Prodigy cover)

With David J

 * 2002 Guitar Man - guitar on "Guitar Man"

 * With Glenn Hughes
 * 2005 Soul Mover

 * With Tommy Lee
 * 2005 Tommyland: The Ride – guitar solo on "Tired"

 * With the Panic Channel
 * 2006 (ONe)

 * With Dead Celebrity Status
 * 2006 Blood Music – guitar solo on "We Fall, We Fall"

 * With Grey Daze
 * 2022 The Phoenix – guitar solo on "Holding You"

title: Dave Navarro


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Talk:Kevin Haskins

Untitled
Other players of what? RickK

My favorite thing about him is that he chose a bossa nova beat for what would become the goth anthem. Khiradtalk 05:48, 24 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Mr. Haskins' drumming was all about putting non-rock rhythms with music structured in a rock-ish manner. That's why he is as cool as he is. Folkor 06:23, 24 November 2005 (UTC)

Are Kevin Haskins and David J brothers or not? User:Folkor has been reverting edits saying that he is not, but and  are pretty unequivocal that they are. Front243 12:36, 20 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Well, I'd always heard that was false. Let me try to find a good source; if I can't, I'll desist from my reverts. Folkor 16:12, 21 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Crap, I'm very wrong. I cannot find any sources that agree with me, and in fact, the old Bauhaus page has a biography declaring them as brothers. My sincere apologies. Folkor 05:43, 23 April 2006 (UTC)

Copyright Violation
I have reverted the article to an old version to remove the obviously infringing edits (taken from ) by User talk:71.128.112.163 and User talk:71.128.71.245. I hate to remove so much content, but we really don't have a choice. Front243 22:42, 2 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I wondered about that edit, but was too lazy to do a quick comparison. You did the right thing, though. We can incorporate some of the information in our article, though. Folkor 16:45, 3 May 2006 (UTC)

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David Lee Roth

David Lee Roth (born October 10, 1954) is an American rock singer. Known for his wild and energetic stage persona, he was the lead vocalist of the hard rock band Van Halen for three stints: from 1974 to 1985, during 1996, and from 2006 to when they disbanded in 2020. He has also had a successful solo career, releasing numerous RIAA-certified Gold and Platinum albums. After more than two decades apart, Roth re-joined Van Halen in 2006 for a North American tour that became the highest-grossing in the band's history, and one of the highest-grossing of that year. In 2007, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Van Halen.

Early life
Roth was born in Bloomington, Indiana, to an ophthalmologist, Nathan Lee Roth, and a teacher, Sibyl Roth. He has two sisters, one of whom is Lisa Roth, creator of the Rockabye Baby! lullaby music series. The family is of Jewish heritage. Roth's uncle Manny Roth was the owner of Cafe Wha? in New York City. All four of Roth's grandparents were immigrants from Russia and his great-grandfather was a Lithuanian cavalryman. From an early age, Roth had an interest in art, especially film and radio; he said his first music idol was Al Jolson.

Roth spent much of his youth in New Castle, Indiana. In a 2019 interview with Q95's "Stuck and Gunner" he explained: "My grandparents moved to New Castle in 1913. It's in the sense of humor, the 'get it done' and how we do get it done approach work ethic of Van Halen, frankly. It's a Midwest approach, not some flakey Hollywood horse manure." The Roths also briefly lived in Swampscott, Massachusetts.

In his teens, the family relocated to Pasadena, California. David attended The Webb Schools in Claremont, California, and John Muir High School in Pasadena. Roth's parents arranged for him to receive treatment with a psychiatrist for three years because he was prone to daily bouts of hyperactivity, dubbed "monkey time". Roth also attended a horse ranch for troubled teens to build a sense of responsibility. While attending Pasadena City College, he met the Van Halen brothers, Eddie and Alex. During this period, Roth worked as a hospital orderly.

First run with Van Halen: 1972–1985

In his late teens, Roth was singing solo, as well as with an R&B-influenced rock band named the Red Ball Jets. Roth says the name was in reference to the red dye used in food at that time, including red candy balls, which would exacerbate his hyperactivity and lead to "monkey hour" at the family home. (Red Ball Jets was also the name of a brand of sneakers popular from 1951 to 1971.) Another Los Angeles band, Mammoth (featuring Alex Van Halen on drums and Eddie Van Halen singing and playing lead guitar), occasionally rented the Red Ball Jets' PA system for $10/night. After a couple of failed auditions, Roth joined Mammoth as lead singer. In 1974, Mammoth officially changed its name to Van Halen. According to Roth, this was his brainchild. He felt it was a moniker that offered long-term identity, aesthetic, and marketing advantages, like Santana.

Performing original and cover songs, Van Halen eventually gained success in the Pasadena, West Hollywood, and Los Angeles areas, becoming a regular feature on Sunset Strip clubs, such as Gazzarri's, Myron's, Whisky a Go Go, and the Starwood Club. In 1976, Gene Simmons took note of the band (in particular Eddie Van Halen, whom Simmons hoped to recruit for his own band, KISS) and assisted them in producing a 29-track demo tape, featuring many of the songs that would be included on their first three LPs. The tape, however, did not attract much interest from major record labels. In early 1977, however, during their four-month stint at The Starwood, Warner Bros executive Mo Ostin and producer Ted Templeman signed them to an inauspicious two-album contract, one that heavily favored Warner Bros., offering but a .70 per unit royalty. Manager Noel Monk, then an equal partner in band revenue, renegotiated this rate for double in 1979.

Released in 1978, the debut album Van Halen was recorded at Sunset Sound Recorders and immediately earned the band significant national attention and radio airplay. They toured for three months at the bottom of the bill supporting rising superstars Journey and Montrose, then another nine months opening for heavy metal icons Black Sabbath. The album reached number 19 on the Billboard 200 and eventually sold more than 12 million copies by 2014, certified Diamond by the RIAA.

Van Halen recorded four more platinum-selling albums over the next five years, often within 12 to 14 days and immediately returning to the road to tour. Roth is often credited with promoting Van Halen's image, described by David Fricke in Rolling Stone as "a nonstop booze-and-babes party train." Yet despite this 'wildman' image, Roth was key to the band's success not just as a high kicking, tight pantsed, Capezio-wearing singer and lyricist, but as the de facto chairman of the board in band decisions of business, marketing and publicity, according to Monk. Roth's sexy, macho but poetic, often jovial lyrics worked in perfect harmony with the hard rock guitar sounds composed by Eddie Van Halen; a sound-style that helped the band rise to the top of the Billboard pop chart in 1984, with their album 1984, their first and only #1 LP. Looking back at Roth's tenure, Fricke dubbed Van Halen as "the monster rock action squad that ruled the charts and the airwaves for seven years." "I remember hearing about this new band, Van Halen with David Lee Roth," recalled Aerosmith front-man Steven Tyler. "'Who does this fucking guy think he is? He's standing in my limelight.' I'd fucked myself up royally."

Despite the band's seven-year financial and artistic success, a creative rift developed between Roth and Eddie Van Halen early on. Roth was interested in popularity via original or even cover songs about partying, dancing, women and sex, along the lines of Aerosmith, AC/DC or even disco, while Eddie wanted darker, deeper tunes in minor keys, like those on their 4th LP Fair Warning. They had been artistic foils on the first three albums, but their fifth LP, Diver Down, saw a disgruntled Edward "sacrificing" his original synthesizer and guitar riffs to five cover songs, three of which became singles: "Dancing in the Street", "Where Have All the Good Times Gone" and "(Oh) Pretty Woman". In 1983, Eddie designed and constructed a state-of-the-art recording studio in his home with the band's recording engineer, Don Landee. This led to creative conflict, as it allowed Ed to dominate the recording process without as much input from Roth. Furthermore, he began to experiment in an almost New Wave direction with keyboards and synthesizers, while Roth preferred guitar-heavy hard rock. Their sixth and final album together until 2006, 1984, was a critical and commercial success and continued the band's move toward mainstream pop music.

In early 1985, while still a member of Van Halen, Roth released Crazy from the Heat, an eclectic solo EP of off-beat pop standards. Some months before Roth's departure, Noel Monk, their manager of seven years was fired suddenly by the Van Halen brothers; he speculated that (Roth) was testing the waters for a potential separate, solo career.

According to Monk, Roth formally parted ways with his Van Halen bandmates in August 1985 (although an urban legend persists that it was April 1, April Fool's Day), taking with him 60 Van Halen employees, including VH Head of Security, Ed Andersen. In his 1998 autobiography, Crazy from the Heat, a bitter Roth characterized Van Halen's music just before his 1985 departure as "morose".

1996 reunion
In June 1996, Roth briefly reunited with Van Halen, to great public fanfare. He recorded two new songs for Van Halen's Best Of – Volume I, "Can't Get This Stuff No More" and "Me Wise Magic". After an infamous appearance on September 5, 1996, at the MTV Video Music Awards during which Roth and Eddie Van Halen reportedly threatened each other, Roth was passed over for Van Halen's vocalist job in favor of Gary Cherone. In 2012, Cherone confirmed the longtime rumor that he had already been chosen long before the MTV incident, suggesting that Van Halen used Roth to create public interest in the hits collection. "Me Wise Magic", Van Halen's display of psychedelia-influenced rock with Roth on vocals, became a No. 1 Billboard Mainstream Rock hit in 1996.

2001 reunion
In 2001, rumours circulated that Roth and the members of Van Halen had recorded several new songs together and were attempting yet another reunion. Roth and bassist Michael Anthony later confirmed that information, but nothing came of the music. The music would later be used for 2012's A Different Kind of Truth, but with Wolfgang Van Halen replacing Anthony. A rumored box set did not materialize. Instead, Warner Bros. issued remastered versions of all six early Van Halen studio albums.

Commercial success: 1985–1991
In 1984, Roth wished to record a solo EP quickly and shoot a film. "We've created a whole retinue of characters," he noted of his vision with Angelus. "It's a genuine film. It's not 'Dave Singing' or 'Elvis'." Entitled Crazy from the Heat, the EP was released in January 1985, while the film was budgeted at $20 million by CBS Films; however, the project folded after the consolidation of CBS Studios.

In late 1985, now separated from Van Halen, Roth assembled a virtuoso supergroup, consisting of guitarist Steve Vai (previously of Frank Zappa's band), bassist Billy Sheehan (previously of Talas), and drummer Gregg Bissonette (previously of Maynard Ferguson's big band). With veteran Van Halen producer Ted Templeman producing, Roth released his debut solo LP, Eat 'Em and Smile in July 1986. The album saw Roth's return to hard rock music, but incorporated some of his eclectic musical tastes, including a jazz cover of Frank Sinatra's "That's Life" and the bluesy, 1960s hit "Tobacco Road". Eat 'Em and Smile met with widespread commercial and critical success, charting at No. 4 on the Billboard Top 200, selling over 2 million copies in the U.S. alone. Roth and his band toured arenas extensively in support of Eat 'Em and Smile before returning to the studio in 1987 to record a follow-up album.

In January 1988, Roth released Skyscraper, a more experimental LP featuring the hit single "Just Like Paradise". Co-produced by Roth and Steve Vai under the working title "Cliffhanger", Skyscraper peaked at No. 6 on the Billboard album chart and ultimately sold two million copies in the US. Soon after Skyscraper's release, Sheehan left Roth's band due to musical differences. He was replaced in time for the album's support tour with bassist Matt Bissonette (drummer Gregg Bissonette's brother). The international Skyscraper Tour arena was a major production featuring, at different points during each concert, Roth surfing above the audience on a surfboard suspended from an arena's rafters, and lowered into the center of each arena in a descending boxing ring. Both parts of the stage show were featured in the "Just Like Paradise" music video. The show also featured the band in a calypso segment playing Caribbean steel drums and in an unplugged segment where the band performed acoustic covers of old rock and roll songs. Following the tour for Skyscraper, Vai left Roth's band to pursue a solo career and record and tour with Whitesnake.

Roth hired 19-year-old guitar virtuoso Jason Becker to replace Vai prior to recording his third solo LP, A Little Ain't Enough in 1991. A hard rock album produced by Bob Rock, A Little Ain't Enough achieved RIAA gold status shortly after its January 1991 release. Before starting a support tour for A Little Ain't Enough, Becker was diagnosed with Lou Gehrig's disease, rendering him unable to perform onstage. Guitarist Joe Holmes stood in for Becker during the tour. Later in 1991, Nirvana and grunge rock emerged, altering popular tastes and suddenly making Roth's brand of hard rock seem unfashionable. Roth's band fractured shortly following the tour's completion.

Commercial decline: 1992–2003
In April 1993, Roth was arrested in New York City's Washington Square Park for buying what he described as "$10 worth of Jamaican bunk reefer" from an undercover police officer. The arrest made headlines and became a late-night television punch-line. When asked by Howard Stern whether the bust was a publicity stunt, Roth said, "Howard, in New York City this small of a bust is a $35 traffic citation. It literally says 'Buick, Chevy, Other'. Your dog poops on the sidewalk, it's $50. If I was looking for publicity, I would have pooped on the sidewalk."

In March 1994, Roth released Your Filthy Little Mouth, a musically-eclectic album produced by Nile Rodgers. The album failed to achieve significant critical or commercial success, proving to be Roth's first solo effort not to achieve RIAA Gold or Platinum status shortly after its release. Roth played smaller venues in the U.S., and larger venues in Europe on a support tour.

In 1995, Roth returned with an adult lounge act, performing largely in Las Vegas casinos, with a brass band that featured Nile Rodgers, Edgar Winter, and members of the Miami Sound Machine. It also featured several exotic dancers, who in Roth's words were "so sweet, I bet they shit sugar!" In 1997, Roth wrote a well-received, New York Times best-selling memoir, Crazy from the Heat. The 359-page book was a selected collection of 1,200 pages of monologues, which were recorded and transcribed by a Princeton University graduate who followed Roth for almost a year. The book received mostly positive critical and reader reaction. Henry Rollins is said to have worked on the memoir.

In 1998, Roth released DLR Band, another album of original material. The album featured a popular song, "Slam Dunk", which, like a majority of the album, was co-written by rising guitarist and longtime Roth fan, John 5. The album was considered a return to form for Roth by critics. In 1999, Roth contacted the Songs of Love Foundation asking if he would be able to sing a song for an ailing child. He went on to record a "Song of Love" for 9-year-old Ashley Abernathy who was battling leukemia, which was released publicly many years later. In the late 1990s, Roth became an emergency medical technician (EMT) in New York City, going on over 200 ambulance rides. Roth's EMT training was largely handled by Linda Reissman, who detailed this on an episode of The DLR Cast podcast.

In 2002, The "Song for Song: The Heavyweight Champions of Rock and Roll Tour" paired Roth with his 'nemesis' Sammy Hagar, and it proceeded to revive the career of Roth. Despite the monetary success and publicity generated by the tour, Roth's future with Van Halen seemed uncertain. "Yankee Rose" appeared in the 2002 videogame Grand Theft Auto: Vice City, playing on rock station V-Rock, while generally, Roth became more visible than he had been in years, such as appearing on commercials for MTV with Justin Timberlake. In 2003, Roth released an album called Diamond Dave, which included one original John 5 collaboration among numerous cover songs.

Other ventures: 2004–2006
In 2004, Roth appeared on the TV series The Sopranos as a poker-playing guest of Tony Soprano. Regarding this, Roth was quoted on his website as saying, "Mom says I'm going to look like Lee Marvin in 10 years whether I'm in movies or not, so I might as well get after it!" On July 4, 2004, Roth performed with the world-renowned Boston Pops Orchestra at Boston's annual Pops Goes the Fourth celebration. The performance was witnessed by over 100,000 people live in Boston, and by millions more on US television. In 2006, Roth covered two Van Halen songs for an album titled Strummin' with the Devil, a tribute to his old band in bluegrass style. The album topped out at 66 on the U.S. Billboard country charts.

In 2006, Roth was tapped to replace his friend Howard Stern on terrestrial radio, following Stern's departure from terrestrial to Sirius Satellite Radio. Roth's show lasted for four months and ended in a lawsuit. During the course of the show, Roth maintained a relationship with Howard 100 News reporter Steve Langford. Roth and Langford met frequently after shows, with Langford bringing tape back to Stern of Roth's complaints towards WXRK's management. Issues included Roth's firing, the missing podcast, and his show being cut off early. On Roth's final day, April 21, 2006, he performed the Rolling Stones song "You Can't Always Get What You Want" for Stern and discussed an impending lawsuit against CBS.

Later, on October 14, 2012, Roth began broadcasting a video webcast/podcast on his YouTube channel, Spotify and iTunes.

Return to Van Halen: 2007–2015
On January 24, 2007, after much anticipation, Billboard.com reported that Roth would rejoin Van Halen for a 40-date arena and amphitheater tour in mid-2007. This report, among many others, was confirmed with an official press release posted on the official Van Halen website on February 2, 2007.

On February 2, 2007, the official Van Halen website released information that Roth had rejoined the band along with current members Alex, Eddie, and Valerie Bertinelli's and Eddie's teenage son, Wolfgang Van Halen. On March 8 the official Van Halen website posted a letter from Eddie Van Halen stating that he did not feel he could perform his absolute best, and the tour with Roth would be postponed.

In March 2007 five members of Van Halen (the four original members and Sammy Hagar) were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. The Van Halen brothers did not attend due to Eddie's condition. Roth was to perform with the band Velvet Revolver; however, conflict with the band caused his part to be canceled. Roth subsequently did not attend the induction, leaving only Michael Anthony and Sammy Hagar to represent Van Halen. Both Anthony and Hagar thanked Roth publicly for his contribution to the band during the awards acceptance. Roth did not attend the ceremony and the event was considered yet another public embarrassment for the band. The conflict was rumored to be based on song selection. Roth wanted to perform "Jump", the band's highest-charting song, but Velvet Revolver would only agree to play "Ain't Talkin' 'Bout Love" or "You Really Got Me". When it was finally agreed upon that Paul Shaffer would perform "Jump", Roth claimed there was no longer enough time to rehearse and opted not to attend the ceremony.

On August 13, 2007, six months after the initial reunion tour was postponed, it was finally confirmed by Van Halen with Roth at a press conference in Los Angeles that they would start the tour again in September 2007. At that conference, Eddie Van Halen stated that he and Roth were "like brothers" now. Calling Van Halen a "real band", both Van Halen and Roth spoke of the possibility of further worldwide touring and a new album in mind for the future.

On June 5, 2008, Van Halen announced that the 2007–2008 tour with Roth grossed more than $93 million, a record for the rock band. Van Halen played to nearly one million people during 74 arena shows throughout the United States and Canada, beginning September 27, 2007, in Charlotte, North Carolina, and wrapping June 3, 2008, in Quebec City, QC, for the 400th anniversary of the city. In December 2011, Van Halen announced a 2012 tour with Roth. The new Roth-fronted Van Halen album A Different Kind of Truth was released on February 7, 2012, and a tour commenced that month.

In March 2015, a new live album was released, Tokyo Dome Live in Concert, recorded in June 2013 during the A Different Kind of Truth Tour. That same month, the band made its first foray into American television by appearing on Jimmy Kimmel Live!, announcing a new tour in the process.

Van Halen disbanded after Eddie's death from cancer on October 6, 2020.

Later years: 2016–present
In 2014, Roth had recorded sessions with John 5 on guitar. Roth confirmed in October 2019 the album will soon be released now that he can start making "real plans" without Van Halen. In 2019 Roth announced a nine-date solo residency at the Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino House of Blues in 2020, with shows scheduled for January 8, 10 and 11 and March 18, 20, 21, 25, 27 and 28. He also went on an American tour with the band Kiss, playing 43 cities as the opening act. While Roth did complete some of the dates, the tour was postponed due to the COVID-19 global pandemic. In August 2020, Kiss announced on their website that the tour would commence with Dave and his band opening on some dates. However, by August 2021, the band dropped Roth from their tour, with bassist/vocalist Gene Simmons referring to him as being "past his prime."

In October 2020, Roth paid tribute to his late bandmate Eddie Van Halen by sharing his track "Somewhere Over the Rainbow Bar and Grill," from the 2014 sessions. It was the first of five singles from the sessions released between late-2020 and early-2022.

In October 2021, Roth announced his intentions to retire from performing following a final residency set at the House of Blues Las Vegas at Mandalay Bay in Las Vegas from December 2021 to January 2022. Following the cancellation of all shows, Roth retired from performing, with a March 2020 performance in Texas with Kiss being his final performance.

Following his retirement from performing, and the five original singles, Roth proceeded to release a series of covers of Van Halen songs throughout the second half of 2022.

Personal life
Roth has never married. He dated actress Apollonia Kotero in the 1980s. In a 2013 interview, he said he had four great loves in his life, but would not name them out of respect for his privacy. He said during the 20 years of Van Halen, he "slept with every pretty girl with two legs."

In 2018, Roth and tattoo artist Ami James created INK the Original, which was a line of skincare products designed to protect tattooed skin. Roth spent more than 300 hours getting tattooed in Japan between 2013 and 2014, and noticed the body art market was expanding. After investing more than $7,000,000 in the company, and countless hours, the business closed in March 2022 for reasons not stated.

Roth maintains residences in New York City, Los Angeles, and Tokyo. In 2004, he trained as a state-licensed emergency medical technician in New York. In 2012 he said, "I probably have over 200 9-1-1 calls on my ticket in the last six years alone. I live a very different life away from music." He is a martial artist, has been training in kenjutsu since he was twelve years old, and also practices kenpō and Brazilian jiu-jitsu.

Roth is a visual artist working in painting and drawings with a theme of social commentary.

Solo band members

 * Guitars Steve Vai (1986–1989)
 * Bass guitar Billy Sheehan (1986–1988)
 * Percussion Gregg Bissonette (1986–1989)

Guitar

 * Al Estrada - lead guitar (2019–2021)
 * Jake Faun - rhythm guitar (2020)
 * Frankie Lindia - rhythm guitar (2020)
 * Brian Young - lead guitar (2002–2006)
 * Toshi Hiketa - rhythm guitar (2003–2006)
 * Bart Walsh (1999–2001) (died 2019)
 * Mike Hartman (1998) (died 2000)
 * John 5 (1998, 2012, 2019)
 * Steve Hunter (1990–1992, 1997)
 * Terry Kilgore (1993–1994)
 * Rocket Ritchotte (1993–1994)
 * Joe Holmes (1991–1992)
 * Desi Rexx (1991, a few shows in Europe only)
 * Jason Becker (1990–1991)
 * Steve Vai (1985–1989)

Bass guitar

 * Ryan Wheeler (2020)
 * Todd Jensen (1990–1991, 1999–2000, 2004–2006)
 * James LoMenzo (2001–2004)
 * B'urbon Bob (1998)—pseudonym for John 5
 * John Regan (1994)
 * James Hunting (1993–1994)
 * Matt Bissonette (1988–1990)
 * Billy Sheehan (1985–1988)

Drums

 * Francis Valentino (2020)
 * Mike Musselman (2019–2020)
 * Jimmy DeGrasso (2006)
 * Ray Luzier (1997–2000, 2001–2005)
 * Ron Wikso (1993–1994)
 * Larry Aberman (1994)
 * Joseph Hudson (1993–1994, 1995–1997)
 * Gregg Bissonette (1985–1992)

Keyboard

 * Danny Wagner (2020)
 * Marcus Margand II (2000–2001)
 * Patrick Howard I (1998–1999)
 * Billy Thompson (1996–1998)
 * Richard Hilton (1994–1995)
 * Brett Tuggle (1988–1994, 1997) (died 2022)
 * Jesse Harms (1986)

Studio albums

 * Eat 'Em and Smile (1986)
 * Skyscraper (1988)
 * A Little Ain't Enough (1991)
 * Your Filthy Little Mouth (1994)
 * DLR Band (1998)
 * Diamond Dave (2003)

Extended plays

 * Crazy from the Heat (1985)

with Van Halen

 * Van Halen (1978)
 * Van Halen II (1979)
 * Women and Children First (1980)
 * Fair Warning (1981)
 * Diver Down (1982)
 * 1984 (1984)
 * A Different Kind of Truth (2012)

title: David Lee Roth


text:
User talk:Colitas

Hey there. What is the copyright status of the images you are uploading? That info is needed in each image page. --mav

Hello there, welcome to the 'pedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions or how to format them visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Cheers! --maveric149

title: User talk:Colitas


text:
Charles Thompson

Charles or Charlie Thompson may refer to:

Arts and entertainment

 * Charles Thompson (jazz) (1918–2016), American jazz musician also known as "Sir Charles"
 * Charles Hubbard Thompson (1891–1964), American ragtime musician
 * Charles P. Thompson (1891–1979), American actor
 * Charles S. Thompson (set decorator) (1908–1994), Hollywood art designer
 * Charles Thurston Thompson (1816–1868), British photographer
 * Black Francis (Charles Thompson IV, born 1965), American musician, frontman of the alternative rock band Pixies

Politics

 * Charles Thompson (Cherokee chief) (died 1891), (Cherokee name Oochalata), Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation
 * Charles Collins Thompson (1898–1983), Texas judge, attorney, banker and rancher
 * Charles E. Thompson (1889–1986), member of the Mississippi Senate
 * Charles Edwin Thompson (1890–1966), Canadian politician
 * Charles H. Thompson (Florida politician) (1843 - ?), Baptist minister and state legislator for Columbia County 1873-1875, also a county commissioner
 * Charles H. Thompson (Wisconsin official) (1935–2012), Secretary of the Wisconsin Department of Transportation 1987–1991
 * Charles H. Thompson (Illinois judge) (1882–1972), Chief Justice of the Illinois Supreme Court in 1945, 1946, 1949, and 1950
 * Charles J. Thompson (1862–1932), US Representative from Ohio
 * Charles Perkins Thompson (1827–1894), US Representative from Massachusetts
 * Tommy Thompson (Royal Navy officer) (Charles Ralfe Thompson, 1894–1966), British naval officer and Prime Ministerial aide-de-camp
 * Charles Winston Thompson (1860–1904), US Representative from Alabama
 * Charles W. Thompson (Kansas politician) (1867–1950), Lieutenant Governor of Kansas
 * Mike Thompson (California politician) (Charles Michael Thompson, born 1951), US representative from California

Sports

 * Charles Thompson (American football) (born 1968), former quarterback of the Oklahoma Sooners
 * Charles Thompson (athlete) (1921–?), Guyanaese Olympic sprinter
 * Charles Thompson (rugby union) (1874–?), British rugby union player
 * Charles Meysey-Thompson (1849–1881), footballer who played for Wanderers
 * Charlie Thompson (footballer, born 1909) (1909–1979), English footballer
 * Charlie Thompson (footballer, born 1920) (1920–1997), English footballer
 * Charlie Thompson (rugby union) (c. 1896–c. 1965), rugby union player who represented Australia
 * Charlie Thompson (American football) (1894–1949), college football player and high school football coach
 * Chuck Thompson (1921–2005), American sportscaster

Other

 * Charles Thompson (engraver) (1791–1843), English wood-engraver in France
 * Sir Charles Thompson, 1st Baronet (c. 1740–1799), British admiral
 * Charles A. Thompson (1843–1900), American Union Army soldier and Medal of Honor recipient
 * Charles B. Thompson (1814–1895), leader of a Latter Day Saint schismatic group in Missouri and Iowa
 * Charles C. Thompson (born 1961), bishop of the Catholic Church in the United States
 * Charles C. Thompson II, American writer, author of A Glimpse of Hell
 * Charles F. Thompson (1882–1954), United States Army general
 * Charles Henry Thompson (1896–1980), first African American to obtain a doctoral degree in educational psychology
 * Charles L. Thompson (1868–1959), American architect
 * Charles J. S. Thompson (1862–1943), British physician and writer
 * Charles S. Thompson (ornithologist) (1881–1960), American ornithologist
 * Charles Stewart Thompson (1851–1900), medical missionary in India
 * Charles Victor Thompson (born 1970), American murderer
 * Charlie Thompson (reporter), American journalist

title: Charles Thompson


text:
Mantineia

Mantineia (also Mantinea ; Μαντίνεια; also Koine Greek Ἀντιγόνεια Antigoneia) was a city in ancient Arcadia, Greece, which was the site of two significant battles in Classical Greek history.

In modern times it is a former municipality in Arcadia, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Tripoli, of which it is a municipal unit. Its seat was the village of Nestani (pop. 486 in 2011). It is located in the northeastern part of Arcadia. The municipal unit has a land area of 205.393 km2 and a population of 1,693 inhabitants (2021). Its largest other towns are Artemisio, Loukas, and Kapsas.

History
The city emerged from the amalgamation of several neighbouring villages around 500 BC. Its patron god was Poseidon. It was a large city with numerous temples. The fortifications originally were polygonal. The temple of Artemis Hymnia, just on the north of the city, is mentioned by Pausanias. Diotima, who influenced Socrates, supposedly was a priestess there. Near the city was the dam of Mantineia, one of the most advanced examples of ancient technology.

The city was the place of the First Battle of Mantineia, in 418 BC, the largest land battle of the Peloponnesian War. On one side were Sparta and its remaining allies, and on the other were Athens, its allies, plus the cities that had revolted against the Spartans. After the Athenians' commander, Laches, was killed, the battle turned into a rout of the Athenian and allied armies, a result attributed to greater Spartan courage.

Mantineia had been a member of the Peloponnesian League, but during the Peloponnesian War, the city joined Athens. After the war, it was forced to rejoin the Peloponnese. Later, Sparta used the Peace of Antalcidas (387 BC) as a pretext to break Mantineia into its constituent villages. In response, the Mantineans expelled pro-Spartans from the city, but were vanquished in the Siege of Mantinea (385 BC), and the city was dismembered and destroyed. After the Spartan defeat at the end of the Theban–Spartan War, Mantineia re-formed into a single city. The fortifications now became almost circular, keeping some parts of the old walls.

The Second Battle of Mantinea, in 362 BC, led to the fall of Theban hegemony. In that battle, Athens and Sparta were allied. Thebes won the battle, but its greatest general, Epaminondas, was killed in the fighting.

Macedonian king Antigonus III Doson sacked the city at 223 BC. Antigonus handed the city to the Achaeans, which colonized it, under Aratus of Sicyon, and renamed the city to Antigonia.

Roman emperor Hadrian restored Mantineia's name. In 130 AD he visited the city and built a temple dedicated to his lover Antinous.

Some decades later, probably few years before 166 AD, Pausanias visited the area and described the ruins and remains of the city at the time in his 8th book.

Modern-day Mantineia is the region around the city of Tripoli in Arcadia, and was named after the namesake city of old. It is also the name of a Protected designation of origin of Greek blanc de gris wine, made of the moschofilero grape traditionally grown in the region. The seat of Mantineia is Nestani, home to about one-fifth (20%) of the population.

Mountains surround the valley, including the Lyrkeia mountains as well as the Mainalo mountains to the southwest. The valley consists of vineyards, potato and wheat farms, as well as other crops, and covers about half of the municipality. Several floods ravaged Mantineia in the mid-20th century, even to the extent of forming a lake that has since been drained. Forests dominate the mountains. Rocks and grasslands cover most of the northeast.

The Mantineia Marble, dated to the 4th century BC and now exhibited at National Archaeological Museum of Athens, depicts the mythical contest between Apollo and Marsyas, with a Greek pandouris being played by a muse seated on a rock. This is important to researchers into the history of musical instruments. Lutes have been present in ancient Greece

Democracy in Mantineia
There was a democracy in place in Mantineia by 420 BC, when Thucydides says that the Mantineans joined an alliance led by Argos because it was a fellow democracy. Aristotle describes an unusual feature of the Mantinean system: officials were elected, not by the people as a whole, but by a special committee selected by the people. For this committee to be selected, the people had to attend an Assembly of sorts, probably once a year, and there was also a Council, like in other Greek democracies. Officials included damiourgoi (a political role) as well as theoroi (a religious one) and polemarchoi (military). In 385 the Spartans forcibly suppressed the democracy, though it did have a brief revival in the 360s when Mantineia was part of the Arcadian League.

Subdivisions
The municipal unit Mantineia is subdivided into the following communities (constituent villages in brackets):
 * Artemisio
 * Kapsas
 * Loukas (Loukas, Milia)
 * Nestani (Nestani, Milea, Gorgoepikoos Monastery)
 * Pikernis
 * Sanga
 * Simiades (Simiades, Neos Kardaras)

Province
The province of Mantineia (Επαρχία Μαντινείας) was one of the provinces of the Arcadia Prefecture. Its territory corresponded with that of the current municipality Tripoli. Its seat was the town of Tripoli. It was abolished in 2006.

Folk music
Mantineian folk music mainly consists of the songs with meters 6/4, 4/4 and 7/8.These meters are often the building blocks of the Mantineian folk dances: Tsamiko, Syrto, and Kalamatiano respectively. The meter 7/8, is the most common meter found in the province.

Klephtic Songs
Klephtic songs are about a historical event and the hardships specific villages went through. Klephtic songs are free-meter songs and they can be in chromatic or/and diatonic modes.

Wedding songs
Wedding songs can differ from village to village and the major steps of weddings are followed by music: Patinadha is played with daouli and karamoutza announcing the time for the ceremony to the village, "My Venetian Padlock" sang by the bride when her dowry is displayed after the wedding, when going to her future home, a Kandhylian melody is being played, and at the reception "Sitting at this Wedding Table" is sung by the priest for blessing.

Road songs
Road songs gets its name from the occasion they were sung, which was on the road by the workers who were going back to their home. Unlike Wedding songs, road songs are not different in each village, instead, the dances for the songs do differ with either a Syrto or Kalamatiano. Road songs usually are happy songs that talk about love and nature.

Laments or Mirologhia songs
Laments are sung often by widows, only women, and include positive thoughts about the deceased in the province of Mantinea. There is not much of a recording of laments since it is believed to bring death to a loved one of the person who sang it without a reason.

Folk musical instruments
There were many musical instruments in ancient Greece, however, daouli and karamoutza are the most common instruments existed in the villages of the province Mantineia. Some regions similar to Chrisovitsi, didn't have these folk instruments. The folk music of Chrisovitsi mostly consisted of vocal songs and the instrument floghera. With the tradition of dance songs sang by the lead dancer in Chrisovitsi, there is no evidence of existence of any folk instruments.

Notable people

 * Demonax, lawgiver (6th century BC)
 * Nicodorus, lawgiver (5th century BC)
 * Diotima, a female philosopher identified in Plato's Symposium
 * Lastheneia, a female philosopher and student of Plato
 * Lycomedes, politician (died 366 BC)
 * Cydippus, a writer

title: Mantineia


text:
Talk:Eddie Van Halen

Dutch-American?
Why is Eddie not described as "Dutch-American" despite him being born and growing up in the Netherlands, ever renouncing his citizenship? The infobox even states his nationality as both American and Dutch. Qbox673 (talk) 15:53, 11 May 2023 (UTC)
 * Wikipedia's standards on how to describe someone in this manner are noted at MOS:ETHNICITY. In this case "In most modern-day cases, this will be the country, region, or territory, where the person is currently a citizen, national, or permanent resident; or, if the person is notable mainly for past events, where the person was a citizen, national, or permanent resident when the person became notable...Similarly, neither previous nationalities nor the country of birth should be mentioned in the lead unless relevant to the subject's notability."  Eddie Van Halen was a resident of the U.S. during the entire time he was notable; being born in the Netherlands is true, it has been determined that birth alone is not directly relevant to the opening paragraph.  Of course, being born in the Netherlands is mentioned elsewhere in the article, which is fine.  We aren't trying to hide it, but insofar as the lead paragraph is a summary, we only summarize the most notable parts of a person's life, and he didn't do anything much notable while living in the Netherlands.  -- Jayron 32 16:07, 11 May 2023 (UTC)

Dutch in the lead sentence
I think we need to reach a consensus. Look at the edit history of this article. Various editors added Dutch to the lead sentence. Clearly just including American alone in the lead sentence is misleading and causing confusion. I am fully aware of the MOS:ETHNICITY guidelines. I think a good compromise would be to say "Dutch-born American" in the lead sentence like on the most recent edit in the article or add a note to American that clarifies he was born in the Netherlands. Same goes for Alex. Bowling is life (talk) 20:41, 13 June 2023 (UTC)
 * To note, I removed the recent edit as this discussion has just started. I have no qualms either way, but leave it status-quo until this discussion is complete. -  FlightTime  ( open channel ) 21:11, 13 June 2023 (UTC)
 * As far as I can tell, it's mainly anonymous IPs who are making the changes. I don't see how MOS:ETHNICITY isn't clear in this case especially where it states specifically that we don't mention the place of birth. There is no allowance for "X-born Y". Nor do we even need to mention that he was Dutch in the lead sentence as it in the infobox and in his early history section as well as in the short description (I'm not sure it belongs there but I haven't looked into it).
 * Also, we had already reached a consensus (see the archives). SQGibbon (talk) 04:48, 14 June 2023 (UTC)

Can tapping be used for melodies?
I changed the text in the intro indicating that tapping can be used to play "rapid arpeggios," to say "rapid arpeggios and melodies." FlightTime reverted as unsourced OR. But the original claim has no citation either, so if my edit contains too much original reasoning to exist without a citation, shouldn't the whole sentence be deleted? Also, although in a strict sense my edit makes the sentence contain more words, I would argue it actually makes the sentence contain less original reasoning. (Wouldn't it be more original research to claim a guitar technique only allows you to play arpeggios? Some factor would have to intervene to prevent you from playing non-arpeggio notes.) Also, in the Two-handed tapping section of the Tapping page, it already refers to playing melodies without a citation specifically saying that melodies are possible. If my edit meets the bar for OR, it seems like that should be deleted too. 71.233.115.244 (talk) 02:06, 11 February 2024 (UTC)

Birthname
Eddie was born in the Netherlands so at birth his surname was with a small ‘v’. Only after arriving in the US was his surname changed to a capital ‘V’. His entry in the population register of Amsterdam Are there any strong arguments to list his birth name with a capital ‘V’ anyway? It is not about the spelling of his surname in the rest of the article.
 * More info: van (Dutch)

Egel Reaction? 12:57, 6 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Eddie Van Halen


text:
Aeroperú

Empresa de Transporte Aéreo del Perú S.A. branded as Aeroperú, was a Peruvian airline, serving as flag carrier of Peru from 1973 to 1999. The company was headquartered in Lima, with the city's Jorge Chávez International Airport serving as its primary hub. Besides an extensive domestic route network, Aeroperú offered international flights to places in Latin America and the United States of America. The company had around 1,500 employees. It ceased operations in 1999.

History

Aeroperú was formed on May 22, 1973, following the reorganization of SATCO, an earlier airline founded on 1960 and controlled by the Peruvian Army. Initially, a wholly state-owned company with a fleet of three Fokker F28 Fellowships taken over from SATCO, revenue flights were commenced in October on the Lima-Cusco route. Soon, a Boeing 727 joined the fleet, and the airline placed an order for two new Fokker F27 Friendships. In 1974, two Douglas DC-8s were acquired from Viasa, which allowed the company to launch international flights.

The inaugural international flight to Buenos Aires took place on 29 July 1974, soon followed by a scheduled service to Miami. By 1978, the Aeroperú network had grown to include many Latin American destinations, and also the US cities of New York and Los Angeles due to their large Latino populations. In July 1981, Aeroperú was gradually privatized, with the Peruvian government keeping a 20% minority share. In 1982, plans were made for a merger with Faucett Perú, the other large Peruvian passenger airline at that time. As a preparatory measure, redundancies in the route networks of the two airlines were eliminated, to which end Aeroperú suspended flights to a number of destinations, including Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, New York City and Los Angeles. No further steps were taken towards merging the two airlines, and so in 1983 flights to several destinations recommenced. A bilateral air traffic agreement between Peru and the United States expired on 11 November 1983. Because of disagreements over the granting of fifth freedom rights, all flights between the two countries were suspended in May 1984 until mid-1985, which affected Aeroperú's Lima-Miami route. In 1993, Aeroméxico acquired 70% of the shares worth $54 million, thus making Aeroperú its subsidiary. Subsequently, two Boeing 757-200s were transferred, allowing Aeroperú to replace their ageing DC-8s. In 1996, 47% of Aeroperú was transferred to Cintra, the parent company of Aeroméxico and Mexicana de Aviación. In 1998, Delta Air Lines became a major shareholder of Aeroperú, when they acquired a 35% stake in the airline. The agreement saw Cintra reducing their share to an equal 35%.

Aeroperú was forced to suspend all flight operations on March 10, 1999. According to general director Jaan Albrecht, Aeroperu's debt by 1999 had reached $174 million, while the airline's tangible assets were worth only $50 million. Several plans for a relaunch were made, which included a possible buy-in of Continental Airlines or a takeover by a group of foreign investors. None of these materialized, and Aeroperú was liquidated on August 18, 1999. Most of its route network as well as the role of Peruvian flag carrier was taken over by newly founded LAN Perú.

Destinations
With Jorge Chavez International Airport being its most important hub, Aeroperú maintained an extensive domestic route network. International flights were offered to a number of cities in Latin America, as well as the United States.

Fleet

Over the years, Aeroperú operated the following aircraft types:

Accidents and incidents

 * On October 25, 1988, in Aeroperú Flight 772, a Fokker F28 Fellowship (registered OB-R-1020) took off at Inca Manco Cápac International Airport for a domestic flight to Arequipa, but failed to obtain any substantial height. Subsequently, the aircraft hit the ground and broke up. 11 of the 65 passengers on board were killed, as well as one crew member.
 * On October 2, 1996, at 01:11 local time, Aeroperú Flight 603, a Boeing 757-200 (registered N52AW) was en route from Lima to Santiago de Chile when it crashed into the Pacific Ocean. All 70 people on board died in the crash. Investigators revealed that during earlier maintenance work, a protective tape covering the static ports of the airplane had not been removed, which resulted in incorrect instrument data being delivered to the pilots during the accident flight.

title: Aeroperú


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Warren E. Burger

Warren Earl Burger (September 17, 1907 – June 25, 1995) was an American attorney and jurist who served as the 15th chief justice of the United States from 1969 to 1986. Born in Saint Paul, Minnesota, Burger graduated from the St. Paul College of Law in 1931. He helped secure the Minnesota delegation's support for Dwight D. Eisenhower at the 1952 Republican National Convention. After Eisenhower won the 1952 presidential election, he appointed Burger to the position of Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Civil Division. In 1956, Eisenhower appointed Burger to the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. Burger served on this court until 1969 and became known as a critic of the Warren Court.

In 1969, President Richard Nixon nominated Burger to succeed Earl Warren as Chief Justice, and Burger won Senate confirmation with little opposition. He did not emerge as a strong intellectual force on the Court, but sought to improve the administration of the federal judiciary. He also helped establish the National Center for State Courts and the Supreme Court Historical Society. Burger remained on the Court until his retirement in 1986, when he became Chairman of the Commission on the Bicentennial of the United States Constitution. He was succeeded as Chief Justice by William H. Rehnquist, who had served as an associate justice since 1972.

In 1974, Burger wrote for a unanimous court in United States v. Nixon, which rejected Nixon's invocation of executive privilege in the wake of the Watergate scandal. The ruling played a major role in Nixon's resignation. Burger joined the majority in Roe v. Wade in holding that the right to privacy prohibited states from banning abortions. Later analyses have suggested that Burger joined the majority in Roe solely to prevent Justice William O. Douglas from controlling assignment of the opinion. On the contrary, Burger would vote with the majority in Harris v. McRae in 1980, which formally launched the Hyde Amendment into effect. He later abandoned Roe v. Wade in Thornburgh v. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. His majority opinion in INS v. Chadha struck down the one-house legislative veto.

Although Burger was nominated by a conservative president, the Burger Court also delivered some of the most liberal decisions regarding abortion, capital punishment, religious establishment, sex discrimination, and school desegregation during his tenure.

Early life
Burger was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota, in 1907, as one of seven children. His parents, Katharine (née Schnittger) and Charles Joseph Burger, a traveling salesman and railroad cargo inspector, were of Austrian German descent. He was raised Presbyterian. His grandfather, Joseph Burger, was born in Bludenz, Vorarlberg, had emigrated from Tyrol, Austria and joined the Union Army when he was 13. Joseph Burger fought and was wounded in the Civil War, resulting in the loss of his right arm and was awarded the Medal of Honor at the age of 14. At age 16, Joseph Burger became one of the youngest captains in the Union Army.

Burger grew up on the family farm near the edge of Saint Paul. At age 8, he stayed home from school for a year after contracting polio. Burger attended the same grade school as future Chief Justice Harry Blackmun. He attended John A. Johnson High School, where he was president of the student council. He competed in hockey, football, track, and swimming. While in high school, he wrote articles on high school sports for local newspapers. He graduated in 1925, and received a partial scholarship to attend Princeton University, which he declined because his family's finances were not sufficient to cover the remainder of his expenses.

That same year, Burger also worked with the crew building the Robert Street Bridge, a crossing of the Mississippi River in Saint Paul that still exists. Concerned about the number of deaths on the project, he asked that a net be installed to catch anyone who fell, but was rebuffed by managers. In later years, Burger made a point of visiting the bridge whenever he came back to town.

Education and early career
Burger enrolled in extension classes at the University of Minnesota for two years while selling insurance for Mutual Life Insurance. Afterward, he enrolled at St. Paul College of Law (which later became William Mitchell College of Law, now Mitchell Hamline School of Law), receiving his Bachelor of Laws, magna cum laude, in 1931. He took a job at a St. Paul law firm. In 1937, Burger served as the eighth president of the Saint Paul Jaycees. He also taught for twenty-two years at William Mitchell. A spinal condition prevented Burger from serving in the military during World War II; instead he supported the war effort at home, including service on Minnesota's emergency war labor board from 1942 to 1947. From 1948 to 1953, he served on the governor of Minnesota's interracial commission, which worked on issues related to racial desegregation. He also served as president of St. Paul's Council on Human Relations, which considered ways to improve the relationship between the city's police department and its minority residents.

Burger's political career began uneventfully, but he soon rose to national prominence. He supported Minnesota Governor Harold Stassen's unsuccessful pursuit of the Republican nomination for president in 1948. At the 1952 Republican National Convention, Burger played a key role in Dwight D. Eisenhower's nomination by leading the Minnesota delegates to change their votes from Stassen to Eisenhower after Stassen failed to obtain 10 percent of the vote, which freed the Minnesota delegation from their pledge to support him.

Assistant Attorney General
President Eisenhower appointed Burger as the Assistant Attorney General in charge of the Civil Division of the Justice Department.

In this role, he first argued in front of the Supreme Court. The case involved John P. Peters, a Yale University professor who worked as a consultant to the government. He had been discharged from his position on loyalty grounds. Supreme Court cases are usually argued by the Solicitor General, but he disagreed with the government's position and refused to argue the case. Burger lost the case. Shortly after, in Dalehite v. United States, 346 U.S. 15 (1953), Burger defended the United States against claims from the Texas City ship explosion disaster, successfully arguing that the Federal Tort Claims Act of 1947 did not allow a suit for negligence in policy making.

Court of Appeals service
Burger was nominated by President Dwight D. Eisenhower on January 12, 1956, to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit vacated by Judge Harold M. Stephens. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on March 28, 1956, and received his commission on March 29, 1956. His service terminated on June 23, 1969, due to his elevation to the United States Supreme Court.

Nomination and confirmation

In June 1968, Chief Justice Earl Warren announced his retirement, effective on the confirmation of his successor. President Lyndon Johnson nominated sitting associate justice Abe Fortas to the position, but a Senate filibuster blocked his confirmation, and Johnson withdrew the nomination. Richard Nixon was elected president in November 1968 after a contentious campaign, and Johnson did not make another nomination before his term as president ended on January 20, 1969.

Burger was nominated by President Nixon to succeed Earl Warren on May 23, 1969. The United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary hearing on Burger's nomination took place on June 3, 1969. It was characterized as having been friendly, and saw Burger as the sole individual to deliver testimony. The hearing was reported as having taken only an hour and forty minutes. Afterwards, the committee held a five-minute private session in which they voted unanimously to report favorably on his nomination. The Senate confirmed Burger to the court by a 74–3 vote on June 9, 1969, and he took the judicial oath of office on June 23, 1969.

Remaking the Supreme Court had been a theme in Nixon's presidential campaign, and he had pledged to appoint a strict constructionist as Chief Justice. Burger had first caught Nixon's eye through a letter of support he sent to Nixon during the 1952 Fund crisis, and then again 15 years later when the magazine U.S. News & World Report reprinted a 1967 speech that Burger had given at Ripon College. In it, Burger compared the United States judicial system to those of Norway, Sweden, and Denmark:

"I assume that no one will take issue with me when I say that these North European countries are as enlightened as the United States in the value they place on the individual and on human dignity. [Those countries] do not consider it necessary to use a device like our Fifth Amendment, under which an accused person may not be required to testify. They go swiftly, efficiently and directly to the question of whether the accused is guilty. No nation on earth goes to such lengths or takes such pains to provide safeguards as we do, once an accused person is called before the bar of justice and until his case is completed."

Through speeches like this, Burger became known as a critic of Chief Justice Warren and an advocate of a literal, strict-constructionist reading of the U.S. Constitution. Nixon's agreement with these views, being expressed by a readily confirmable, sitting federal appellate judge, led to the nomination.

According to President Nixon's memoirs, he had asked Burger in the spring of 1970 to be prepared to run for president in 1972 if the political repercussions of the Cambodia invasion were too negative for him to endure. A few years later, Burger was on Nixon's short list of vice presidential candidates following the resignation of Spiro Agnew in October 1973, before Gerald Ford was appointed to succeed him.

Jurisprudence

The Court issued a unanimous ruling, Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education (1971), supporting busing to reduce de facto racial segregation in schools. However, Burger wrote the majority opinion for Milliken v. Bradley (1974), which upheld de facto school segregation across school district lines if segregationist policy was not explicitly stated by all of the districts involved. In United States v. U.S. District Court (1972), the Burger Court issued another unanimous ruling against the Nixon administration's desire to invalidate the need for a search warrant and the requirements of the Fourth Amendment in cases of domestic surveillance. Then, only two weeks later in Furman v. Georgia (1972), the Court, in a 5–4 decision, invalidated all death penalty laws then in force although Burger dissented from that decision. In the most controversial ruling of his term, Roe v. Wade (1973), Burger voted with the majority to recognize a broad right to privacy that prohibited states from banning abortions. However, Burger later abandoned Roe in Thornburgh v. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (1986).

On July 24, 1974, Burger led the Court in a unanimous decision in United States v. Nixon, arising from Nixon's attempt to keep several memos and tapes relating to the Watergate scandal private. As documented in Woodward and Armstrong's The Brethren and elsewhere, Burger's original feelings on the case were that Watergate was merely a political battle, and Burger "didn't see what they did wrong". The actual final opinion was largely Brennan's work, but each justice wrote at least a rough draft of a particular section. Burger was originally to vote in favor of Nixon but tactically changed his vote to assign the opinion to himself and to restrain the opinion's rhetoric. Burger's first draft of the opinion wrote that executive privilege could be invoked when it dealt with a "core function" of the presidency and that in some cases, the executive could be supreme. However, the other justices were able to convince Burger to excise that language from the opinion: the judicial branch alone would have the power to determine whether something can be shielded under an assertion of executive privilege.

Burger joined the majority decision in Board of Education of the Hendrick Hudson Central School District v. Rowley, which was the first special education law case decided by the Supreme Court. The Court upheld the constitutionality of Individual Education Plans, but also held that the school district did not have to provide every service necessary in order to maximize a child's potential.

Burger also emphasized the maintenance of checks and balances among the branches of government. In Immigration and Naturalization Service v. Chadha (1983), he held for the majority that Congress could not reserve a legislative veto over executive branch actions.

On issues involving criminal law and procedure, Burger remained reliably conservative. He dissented in Solem v. Helm, which held that a life sentence for a phony check was unconstitutional. He once stated personal opposition to the death penalty in his Furman v. Georgia dissent, but defended it as constitutional.

Leadership

Rather than dominating the Court, Burger sought to improve administration both within the Court and within the nation's legal system. Criticizing some advocates as unprepared, Burger created training venues for state and local government advocates. He also helped found the National Center for State Courts, which is now in Williamsburg, Virginia, as well as the Institute for Court Management, and National Institute of Corrections to provide professional training for judges, clerks, and prison guards. Burger also began a tradition of annually delivering a State of the Judiciary speech to the American Bar Association, many of whose members had been alienated by the Warren Court. However, some detractors thought his emphasis on the mechanics of the judicial system trivialized the office of chief justice. Despite his reputation for being imperious, he was well-liked by the law clerks and judicial fellows who worked with him.

Burger drew internal controversy within the Supreme Court throughout his tenure, as was revealed in Woodward and Armstrong's The Brethren. Although Sen. Everett Dirksen noted Burger "looked, sounded, and acted like a chief justice," the reporters depicted Burger as an ineffective chief justice who was not seriously respected by his colleagues for his alleged pomposity and lack of legal acumen. Woodward and Armstrong's sources indicated that some of the other justices were annoyed by Burger's practice of switching his vote in conference or simply not announcing his vote so that he could control opinion assignments. "Burger repeatedly irked his colleagues by changing his vote to remain in the majority, and by rewarding his friends with choice assignments and punishing his foes with dreary ones." Burger would also try to influence the course of events in a case by circulating a pre-emptive opinion. Clerks mocked him for his perceived egotism and intense homophobia, and Justice Lewis Powell allegedly referred to him as "the great white doughnut", an attack on both his intellect and physical appearance.

Consequently, the Burger Court was described as his "in name only". Time magazine called him "plodding" and "standoffish" as well as "pompous", "aloof", and unpopular. Burger was a constant irritant on the Court's group dynamic, according to The New York Times' Linda Greenhouse. Jeffrey Toobin wrote in his book The Nine that by the time of his departure in 1986, Burger had alienated all of his colleagues to one degree or another. In particular, Associate Justice Potter Stewart, who had been considered a candidate to succeed Warren as chief justice, was so discontented with Burger that he became the primary source for Woodward and Armstrong when they wrote The Brethren.

Greenhouse pointed to INS v. Chadha as evidence of Burger's "foundering leadership". Burger would cause the case to be delayed for over twenty months although there had been five votes to affirm the appeals court's finding of unconstitutionality after the case had been first argued: Brennan, Marshall, Blackmun, Powell, and Stevens. Burger did not allow an opinion to be assigned, first by asking for a special conference on the case and then by delaying the case for reargument when that conference fell through even though he never held a formal vote on holding the case over for reargument.

Views on women judges
No women served on the Supreme Court until 1981, and Burger was strongly opposed to giving a seat to a female judge. In 1971, President Nixon considered nominating California state Appellate Judge Mildred Lillie to the Supreme Court. Former White House Counsel John Dean had said that the greatest opposition to Lillie came from Chief Justice Burger. Dean indicated that Burger threatened to resign over the nomination.

Views on homosexuality
Burger was deeply prejudiced against gays to an extent which bordered on hysteria. Burger sent Byron White, who wrote the majority opinion in Bowers v. Hardwick upholding laws banning homosexual relations between consenting adults, a letter telling him to condemn homosexuality in his opinion. White refused. When Lewis Powell voted to strike down the anti-gay laws, Burger aggressively lobbied him to change his mind, and sent him a letter so hostile towards homosexuals that Powell mockingly described it as "nonsense". Burger wrote his own opinion attacking homosexuality, quoting a description of it as "an infamous crime against nature, of deeper malignity than rape, and an act not fit to be named, the very mention of which is an affront to human nature", and noted, with apparent approval, that homosexuals were once executed. Burger's language mobilized gay rights advocates to work to overturn sodomy laws, eventually succeeding in the 2003 case Lawrence v. Texas.

Later life and death

Burger left office on September 26, 1986, in part to lead the campaign to mark the bicentennial of the United States Constitution. He was succeeded as chief justice by William Rehnquist. He served longer than any other chief justice appointed in the 20th century.

In 1987, Princeton University's American Whig-Cliosophic Society awarded Burger the James Madison Award for Distinguished Public Service. In 1988, he was awarded the prestigious United States Military Academy's Sylvanus Thayer Award as well as the Presidential Medal of Freedom.

In a 1991 appearance on the MacNeil/Lehrer NewsHour, Burger stated that the notion that the Second Amendment guaranteed an unlimited individual right to obtain any kind of weapon "has been the subject of one of the greatest pieces of fraud, I repeat the word 'fraud,' on the American public by special interest groups".

Burger died on June 25, 1995, from congestive heart failure at the age of 87, at Sibley Memorial hospital in Washington, D.C. All of his papers were donated to the College of William and Mary, where he had served as Chancellor; however, they will not be open to the public until ten years after the death of Sandra Day O'Connor, the last surviving member of the Burger Court, per the donor agreement. O'Connor died on December 1, 2023.

Burger's casket lay in repose in the Great Hall of the United States Supreme Court Building. His remains are interred at Arlington National Cemetery.

Legacy
As chief justice, Burger was instrumental in founding the Supreme Court Historical Society and was its first president. Burger is often cited as one of the foundational proponents of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR), particularly in its ability to ameliorate an overloaded justice system. In a speech given in front of the American Bar Association, Chief Justice Burger lamented the state of the justice system in 1984, saying, "Our system is too costly, too painful, too destructive, too inefficient for a truly civilized people. To rely on the adversary process as the principal means of resolving conflicting claims is a mistake that must be corrected." The Warren E. Burger Federal Courthouse in Saint Paul, Minnesota, and the Warren E. Burger Library at his alma mater, the Mitchell Hamline School of Law (formerly the William Mitchell College of Law, and the St. Paul College of Law at the time of Burger's attendance) are named in his honor.

Family and personal life
He married Elvera Stromberg in 1933. They had two children, Wade Allen Burger (1936–2002) and Margaret Elizabeth Burger (1946–2017). Elvera Burger died at their home in Washington, D.C., on May 30, 1994, at the age of 87.

title: Warren E. Burger


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User:Goblin

I have been a Wikipedian since March 16, 2003.

title: User:Goblin


text:
Bill Doggett

William Ballard Doggett (February 16, 1916 – November 13, 1996) was an American pianist and organist. He began his career playing swing music before transitioning into rhythm and blues. Best known for his instrumental compositions "Honky Tonk" and "Hippy Dippy", Doggett was a pioneer of rock and roll. He worked with the Ink Spots, Johnny Otis, Wynonie Harris, Ella Fitzgerald, and Louis Jordan.

Biography
Doggett was born in Philadelphia. During the 1930s and early 1940s he worked for Lucky Millinder, Frank Fairfax and arranger Jimmy Mundy. In 1942 he was hired as the Ink Spots' pianist and arranger.

In 1951, Doggett organized his own trio and began recording for King Records. His best known recording is "Honky Tonk", a rhythm and blues hit of 1956, which sold four million copies (reaching No. 1 R&B and No. 2 Pop), and which he co-wrote with Billy Butler. The track topped the US Billboard R&B chart for over two months. He also arranged for many bandleaders and performers, including Louis Armstrong, Count Basie, Ella Fitzgerald, and Lionel Hampton.

He continued to play and arrange until he died, aged 80, from cancer in New York City.

7" EPs (all on King)

 * KEP-259  Bill Doggett, His Organ And Combo, Vol. 1 (1954)
 * KEP-325  Bill Doggett, His Organ And Combo, Vol. 2 (1954)
 * KEP-326  Bill Doggett, His Organ And Combo, Vol. 3 (1954)
 * KEP-334  Bill Doggett, His Organ And Combo, Vol. 4 (1955)
 * KEP-346  All Time Christmas Favorites (1955)
 * KEP-352  Bill Doggett, His Organ And Combo, Vol. 5 (1955)
 * KEP-382  Doggett Dreams, Vol. 6 (1956)
 * KEP-388  Doggett Jumps,  Vol. 7 (1956)
 * KEP-390  Bill Doggett, His Organ And Combo: Honky Tonk! (1956)
 * KEP-391  Bill Doggett, Volume 1 (1956)
 * KEP-392  Bill Doggett, Volume 2 (1956)
 * KEP-393  Bill Doggett, Volume 3 (1956)
 * KEP-394  As You Desire Me (Volume 1) (1956)
 * KEP-395  As You Desire Me (Volume 2) (1956)
 * KEP-396  As You Desire Me (Volume 3) (1956)
 * KEP-397  Earl Bostic – Bill Doggett (1956)
 * KEP-399  A Salute To Ellington (Volume 1) (1957)
 * KEP-400  A Salute To Ellington (Volume 2) (1957)
 * KEP-401  A Salute To Ellington (Volume 3) (1957)
 * KEP-402  Dame Dreaming (Volume 1) (1957)
 * KEP-403  Dame Dreaming (Volume 2) (1957)
 * KEP-404  Dame Dreaming (Volume 3) (1957)
 * KEP-407  Bill Doggett, His Organ And Combo: Hot Doggett (1957)
 * KEP-408  Bill Doggett, His Organ And Combo: Soft (1957)
 * KEP-424  Hold It! (Volume 1) (1958)
 * KEP-425  Hold It! (Volume 2) (1958)
 * KEP-426  Hold It! (Volume 3) (1958)
 * KEP-442  High And Wide (Volume 1) (1959)
 * KEP-443  High And Wide (Volume 2) (1959)
 * KEP-444  High And Wide (Volume 3) (1959)
 * KEP-448  Big City Dance Party (Volume 1) (1959)
 * KEP-449  Big City Dance Party (Volume 2) (1959)
 * KEP-450  Big City Dance Party (Volume 3) (1959)

10" LPs

 * Bill Doggett, His Organ And Combo, Volume 1 King 295-82 (1954)
 * Bill Doggett, His Organ And Combo, Volume 2 King 295-83 (1954)
 * All Time Christmas Favorites King 295-89 (1954)
 * Sentimentally Yours King 295-102 (1955)

12" LPs

 * Moon Dust King 395-502 (1956)
 * Hot Doggett King 395-514 (1956)
 * As You Desire Me King 395-523 (1956) [reissue of King 295-102 plus 4 additional tracks]
 * Everybody Dance the Honky Tonk King 395-531 (1956)
 * Dame Dreaming King 395-532 (1957)
 * A Salute to Ellington King 533 (1957)
 * Doggett Beat for Dancing Feet King 557 (1957)
 * Candle Glow King 563 (1958)
 * Swingin' Easy King 582 (1958)
 * Dance Awhile with Doggett King 585 (1958)
 * 12 Songs Of Christmas King 600 (1958) [reissue of King 295-89 plus 6 additional tracks]
 * Hold It! King 609 (1959)
 * High And Wide King 633 (1959)
 * Big City Dance Party King 641 (1959)
 * Bill Doggett on Tour [this is NOT a live album] King 667 (1959)
 * For Reminiscent Lovers, Romantic Songs By Bill Doggett King 706 (1960)
 * Back With More Bill Doggett King 723 (1960)
 * The Many Moods Of Bill Doggett King 778 (1962)
 * Bill Doggett Plays American Songs, Bossa Nova Style King 830 (1963)
 * Impressions [compilation] King 868 (1963)
 * The Best Of Bill Doggett [compilation] King 908 (1964)
 * Bonanza Of 24 Songs [compilation] King 959 (1966)
 * Take Your Shot King 1041 (1969)
 * Honky Tonk Popcorn King 1078 (1970)
 * The Nearness Of You [compilation] King 1097 (1970)
 * Ram-Bunk-Shush [compilation] King 1101 (1970)
 * Sentimental Mood [compilation] King 1104 (1971)
 * Soft [compilation] King 1108 (1971)
 * 14 Original Greatest Hits [compilation; reissued as All His Hits] King-Starday 5009 (1977)
 * Charles Brown: PLEASE COME HOME FOR CHRISTMAS [this vocal album includes 4 instrumental tracks by Bill Doggett] King-Starday 5019 (1978)

12" LPs issued by other labels

 * 3,046 People Danced 'Til 4 A.M. To Bill Doggett [this is a live album] Warner Bros. WS-1404 (1961)
 * The Band With The Beat! Warner Bros. WS-1421 (1961)
 * Bill Doggett Swings Warner Bros. WS-1452 (1962)
 * Rhythm Is My Business (Ella Fitzgerald with Bill Doggett) Verve V6-4056 (1962)
 * Oops! The Swinging Sounds Of Bill Doggett Columbia CL-1814/CS-8614 (1962)
 * Prelude To The Blues Columbia CL-1942/CS-8742 (1963)
 * Fingertips Columbia CL-2082/CS-8882 (1963)
 * Wow! ABC-Paramount S-507 (1964)
 * Honky Tonk A-La-Mod! Roulette SR-25330 (1966)
 * Bill Doggett Disques Black And Blue 33.029 (1971) - later released on CD as I Don't Know Much About Love (Black & Blue 59.029) in 1991.
 * Bill Doggett feat. Eddie Davis & Eddie Vinson Disques Black And Blue 33.138 (1978) - with Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis, Eddie "Cleanhead" Vinson
 * Midnight Slows, Vol. 9 Disques Black And Blue 33.145 (1978)
 * Midnight Slows, Vol. 10 Disques Black And Blue 33.160 (1979) - with Eddie "Lockjaw" Davis
 * Mister Honky Tonk Disques Black And Blue 33.562 (1980)
 * The Right Choice After Hours/Ichiban AFT-4112 (1991) - note: this is Doggett's last recorded album of original material; also released on CD.

CD releases/compilations of note

 * Gon' Doggett Charly R&B CRB-1094 [LP] (1985)
 * Trading Licks Charly R&B CD-51 (1987) [shared CD with Earl Bostic; 12 tracks by Doggett and 8 tracks by Bostic; all King material]
 * Leaps And Bounds Charly R&B CD-281 (1991)
 * The EP Collection See For Miles SEECD-689 (1999)
 * Everyday, I Have The Blues (The Definitive Black & Blue Sessions) Black & Blue BB-911 (2002)
 * Honky Tonk: The Very Best Of Bill Doggett Collectables 2876 (2004)
 * The Chronological Bill Doggett 1952-1953 Classics (Blues & Rhythm Series) 5097 (2004)
 * Am I Blue Black & Blue BB-468 (2005)
 * The Chronological Bill Doggett 1954 Classics (Blues & Rhythm Series) 5175 (2006)
 * Honky Tonk Popcorn Beat Goes Public/BGP CDBGPD-249 (2012) reissue of King 1078 plus 5 bonus tracks.
 * Everybody Dance The Honky Tonk/Doggett Beat For Dancing Feet Soul Jam 806174 (2019) 2LP-on-1CD
 * Dancing With Doggett: Bill Doggett, His Organ & Combo 1955-1960 Jasmine JASMCD-3142 (2019) - compilation that also includes the entire 3,046 People Danced 'Til 4 A.M. album.

As sideman

 * With Ella Fitzgerald
 * Lullabies of Birdland (Decca DL-8149, 1945–1955 [rel. 1956]) note: includes "Rough Ridin'", "Smooth Sailing", and "Air Mail Special" with Doggett on organ.
 * With Coleman Hawkins
 * The Hawk Talks (Decca DL-8127, 1952–1953 [rel. 1955])
 * With Helen Humes
 * Complete 1927–1950 Studio Recordings (Jazz Factory JFCD-22844, 2001) 3-CD set - note: includes the 5 tracks that Humes recorded with Doggett's octet for Philo/Aladdin in 1945: "Unlucky Woman", "Every Now And Then", "He May Be Your Man", "Blue Prelude", and "Be-Baba-Leba".
 * With Willis Jackson
 * Call of the Gators (Delmark, DD-460, 1949–1950 Apollo recordings [rel. 1992])
 * With Illinois Jacquet
 * Illinois Jacquet And His Tenor Sax (Aladdin LP-708 [10-inch], 1945–1947 [rel. 1954]; Aladdin LP-803 [rel. 1956]; Imperial LP-9184/LP-12184 [rel. 1962])
 * With Louis Jordan
 * Jivin' with Jordan (Proper Box 47, 1938–1951 Decca recordings [rel. 2002]) 4-CD set
 * With Lucky Millinder
 * The Chronological Lucky Millinder & His Orchestra 1941–1942 (Classics 712, 1993)
 * The Chronological Lucky Millinder & His Orchestra 1943–1947 (Classics 1026, 1998)
 * With Paul Quinichette
 * The Vice Pres (EmArcy MG-36027, 1951–1952 [rel. 1954])
 * With Buddy Tate
 * Jumping on the West Coast (Black Lion 760175, 1947–1949 Supreme recordings [rel. 1992])
 * With Lucky Thompson
 * The Chronological Lucky Thompson 1944–1947 (Classics 1113, 2000)

title: Bill Doggett