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Schaghticoke (village), New York

Schaghticoke is a village in Rensselaer County, New York, United States. The population was 592 at the 2010 census.

During the colonial period of 1640-1750, this area was occupied by a mixed group of Native Americans — Mohicans, who were local, and remnants of numerous New England tribes who had migrated west away from European encroachment and warfare.

The Village of Schaghticoke is in the Town of Schaghticoke, near the eastern town line. Schaghticoke is west of the Village of Valley Falls.

History
In the colonial era, Native Americans at Schaghticoke included a mixed group of Mohicans, and members of several tribes from New England who had migrated away from Anglo-European settlement, including the Abenaki (inc. Sokoki and Pennacook), Cahoo, Wampanoag, Pocumtuc, Narraganset, Nipmuc and others. Their societies had been disrupted due to warfare with the English, such as King Philip's War.

This mixed group, which was at times 1000 men strong, were the dominant Native Americans of the area from circa 1640 -1750. While they paid tribute to the Iroquois to the west, they controlled their own territory here. By 1750, the majority of the land had been sold to European settlers. When the last of the Schaghticoke group moved north to escape European encroachment, the Iroquois laid claim to what was left. In 1769 settlers paid 5000 pieces of Spanish Gold for the area of the Kaydeross Patent.

The European Americans named the village "Harts Falls." It was incorporated under that name in 1867. It was reincorporated under the name of "Schaghticoke" in 1881.

Geography
Schaghticoke is located at 42.89944°N, -73.58611°W (42.899551, -73.586128).

Schaghticoke is next to the Hoosic River.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.9 square mile (2.3 km2), of which 0.7 square mile (1.9 km2) is land and 0.2 square mile (0.4 km2)  (18.89%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 676 people, 270 households, and 181 families residing in the village. The population density was 916.3 PD/sqmi. There were 284 housing units at an average density of 385.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 96.30% White, 1.48% Black or African American, 0.59% Native American, 0.59% Asian, and 1.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.59% of the population.

There were 270 households, out of which 34.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.4% were married couples living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.6% were non-families. 25.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 26.2% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 32.0% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.5 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $37,417, and the median income for a family was $44,432. Males had a median income of $36,510 versus $26,667 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,734. About 7.4% of families and 8.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.6% of those under age 18 and 12.5% of those age 65 or over.

title: Schaghticoke (village), New York


text:
Schaghticoke, New York

Schaghticoke  is a town in Rensselaer County, New York, United States. The population was 7,445 at the 2020 census. It was named for the Schaghticoke, a Native American tribe formed in the seventeenth century from an amalgamation of remnant peoples of eastern New York and New England. The tribe has one of the oldest reservations in the United States, located in what is now Litchfield County, Connecticut. It has been recognized by the state of Connecticut but has not yet achieved federal recognition.

The town is on the northern border of the county, north of Troy. The town contains a village, also called Schaghticoke, and part of the village of Valley Falls.

History
This area was historically occupied by the Mohican tribe, and later by a mixed group of Mohicans, and remnants of numerous New England tribes who had migrated west seeking to escape European encroachment.

In 1675, Governor Andros, governor of the colony of New York, planted a tree of Welfare near the junction of the Hoosic River and Tomhannock Creek, an area already known as Schaghticoke, "the place where the waters mingle." This tree symbolized the friendship between the English and the Dutch, and the Schaghticoke Indians. The Native Inhabitants were Mohican refugees from New England welcomed to Schaghticoke because they agreed to help protect the English from the French and the Iroquois. They stayed until 1754.

Prior to the proclamation of colonial independence, Schaghticoke was part of the colony of New York with most of its citizens governed by the city of Albany, which owned the land they rented.

Originally, Schaghticoke was a dangerous place to live because they were frequently raided by the Indians and Tories. This led to the slow settlement of the Schaghticoke land. Once the land was fully settled it was a part of Albany County, until 1791 when Rensselaer County was formed.

After the revolution many immigrants came from England and Ireland to settle in Schaghticoke. The town flourished near the water powered mills created in the town on the Hoosic River. The town was mainly agricultural. There were many farmers residing in Schaghticoke who made crops for local industries.

The Knickerbocker Mansion was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

As of the early decades of the 21st century, Schaghticoke still has a strong agricultural presence but is also characterized by increasing residential development, and contends with related political, social, and economic issues.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 51.9 square miles (134.3 km2), of which 49.9 square miles (129.3 km2) is land and 2.0 square miles (5.1 km2)  (3.76%) is water.

The northern town boundary is the border of Washington County, and the western town line, defined by the Hudson River, is the border of Saratoga County.

The Hoosic River flows through the town to the Hudson River at the western town line.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 7,456 people, 2,714 households, and 2,103 families residing in the town. The population density was 149.4 PD/sqmi. There were 2,823 housing units at an average density of 56.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.57% White, 1.26% Black or African American, 0.17% Native American, 0.36% Asian, 0.13% from other races, and 0.50% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.66% of the population.

There were 2,714 households, out of which 35.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.2% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.5% were non-families. 17.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.12.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.3% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 29.3% from 25 to 44, 25.5% from 45 to 64, and 12.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $48,393, and the median income for a family was $57,423. Males had a median income of $40,574 versus $27,078 for females. The per capita income for the town was $20,673. About 3.4% of families and 4.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.0% of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the town

 * East Schaghticoke – A location south of Schaghticoke village.
 * Grant Hollow – A hamlet northeast of Troy and Spiegletown on Route 40.
 * Hemstreet Park – A location at the western town line at the Hudson River that is a suburb of Mechanicville.
 * Melrose – A hamlet northeast of Grant Hollow on Route 40.
 * Pleasantdale – A suburban community north of Troy.
 * Reynolds – A hamlet in the western part of the town.
 * Schaghticoke – A village.
 * Schaghticoke Hill – A hamlet south of Schaghticoke village on Route 40.
 * Speigletown – A hamlet northeast of Troy on Route 40.
 * Valley Falls – A village, a small part of which is located in the town near Schaghticoke village.

Notable residents

 * Albert Francis Mando, musician
 * Jack Barsky, German-American author, IT specialist and former sleeper agent of the KGB (until 2016)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Schaghticoke, New York


text:
Haverstraw (village), New York

Haverstraw is a village incorporated in 1854 in the town of Haverstraw in Rockland County, New York, United States. It is located north of Congers, southeast of West Haverstraw, east of Garnerville, northeast of New City, and west of the Hudson River at its widest point. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,323.

The village of Haverstraw is within the North Rockland Central School District public primary and secondary school system of New York State, and the downtown hosts the Rockland Community College – Haverstraw Extension Center. , the mayor is Michael Kohut.

Settlement (1609–1750)
Before Dutch settlers traveled to the Hudson River Valley in the early part of the seventeenth century, the Rumachenanck people, a subset of the Lenape tribe, called the area home. In 1609, during one of the many voyages the Dutch financed in search of the Northwest Passage, Henry Hudson sailed the Hudson River.

The village is one of the first to appear on maps of North America, listed as Haverstroo, which means "oat straw" as an anglicized version of a Dutch word. The area was first referred to as Haverstroo in 1616. From 1686 till 1719, the present town of Haverstraw was included in the laws, taxes and militia duties of Orangetown. But that valley was increasing so rapidly in population, the distance was so great and the trail so poor between it and Tappan, that the inhabitants petitioned for separate existence and on June 24, 1719, the following act was passed: "An Act to enable the Precincts of Haverstraw in the County of Orange, to chuse a Supervisor, a Collector, two Assessors, one Constable, and two Overseers of Highways."

The village was not incorporated as a municipality until March 11, 1854, as the Village of Warren, after Joseph Warren, a major general who died at the Battle of Breed's Hill (a.k.a. Bunker Hill) in 1775 during the Revolutionary War. Haverstraw has a complicated record of names. One Act refers to the Village of Waynesburgh, and will take an extract from this Act, passed April 1, 1814, again: "from thence, in a direct course as nearly as may be, to such a point in the village of Waynesburgh, late Warren, as the Commissioners, etc." For what reason the name Waynesburgh was given to the hamlet, and the length of time it remained 1883–84, have escaped search, but it is likely that the interim name was in honor of revolutionary General Anthony Wayne. Warren, the hamlet had already been called, and to Warren it was changed again. But this name was never a popular one. People had long been accustomed to blend the name of the township and village in one, and call the latter, Haverstraw. At the establishment of the present Stony Point post office in 1847, it was named North Haverstraw. Commerce was carried on, not with Warren, but Haverstraw, and the name of the village post office was Haverstraw from its organization. Influenced by these and other less important reasons, the residents of the village appealed to the Legislature for relief, and, on April 14, 1874, that body passed the following act:

"SECTION I. The name of the Village of Warren in the County of Rockland, incorporated under the provisions of the Statute of the State of New York, authorizing the incorporation of villages, is hereby changed to 'Haverstraw.' All proceedings now pending by or against the said Village of Warren shall be continued in the name of Haverstraw."

This village did not begin its growth as early as either Ramapo or Nyack, but for many years, until the discovery of James Wood revolutionized brick making, remained a country hamlet. In 1855, Jacob Wan-dell wrote in a letter to his sister Catherine Van Houten, the following description of the present village, at the close of the last century: "My father removed from Tappan Sloat to Haverstraw in the year 1794. There was no village there then, only one house. Captain Shepherd bought the field where the village is built, of Joseph Allison, for £10 ($25), an acre. When he moved there, it was sown with rye. The river bank was the handsomest I ever saw. From Grassy Point down to where James Wood first set a brick- yard, (this was on the river bank directly opposite the burying ground of the De Noyelles family), was a beautiful row of large chestnuts and oak trees, growing all along the banks. It was a beautiful walk."

American Revolution (1775–1783)
Strategically located on the Hudson River, the village was home to a number of skirmishes between the British Army and the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War.

The peak of High Tor Mountain on the Long Path hosted Continental Army watchfires to communicate between troops installments up and down the Hudson River. Today, watchfires are an annual Memorial Day tradition in Haverstraw. Watchfires are lit at midnight on May 30 and burn for 24 hours.

Haverstraw was the site of the most grievous treason of the early years of the United States. During the night of September 21–22, 1780, the English emissary, Major John André, was rowed from the sloop-of-war Vulture to a beach below the Long Cove on the southern boundary of Haverstraw. The negotiations to sell the plans to West Point were not completed by dawn, and Benedict Arnold and André traveled to the Belmont House, owned by Thomas Smith and occupied by his brother Joshua Hett Smith, on the grounds of what is now Helen Hayes Hospital in West Haverstraw. The house has since been known as the Treason House.

95th New York Volunteer Infantry
The 95th New York Volunteer Infantry fought in the American Civil War under the command of Ulysses S. Grant, Major General James Samuel Wadsworth and Brigadier General Edmund Rice. Company F was recruited primarily from Haverstraw. The infantry joined in the action of the Railroad Cut on the first day of the Battle of Gettysburg. They fought many battles, including the Battle of Mine Run, Grant's Overland Campaign, the Battle of the Wilderness, Spotsylvania Court House, North Anna, Cold Harbor and the Siege of Petersburg. They saw the war to the end, including engagements in the Battle of the Weldon Railroad, the Battle of Hatcher's Run, and the Appomattox Campaign.

Brick-making capital of the world
Commonly referred to as "Bricktown", Haverstraw was famous for its brick-making, which was a major industry for the village. Brick-making was so popular due to the clay formed by the Hudson River's water and the rich soil that lined Haverstraw's waterfront, that it was nicknamed the "brickmaking capital of the world". Many of the old brownstone and brick structures that were constructed in New York City in the late 1890s-early 1900s were composed of bricks manufactured by Haverstraw. In the early 20th century, there were more than 40 brick-making factories lining the Hudson River within the village. Although brick-making involved all ethnic groups, 60 percent of the brickyard workers were African-Americans.

Brick manufacturers circa 1910
This is a list of suppliers of bricks to New York City metropolitan areas in 1910 with the numbers of machines each manufacturer used, as listed in Within These Gates by Daniel deNoyelles:

Other history
The brick industry continued to thrive until World War II, when brick began to lose its value significantly. Shortly after, the village's main industry of brickmaking declined and left the village. The economic vitality of the village greatly decreased. Because of the amount of vacancies and the relatively inexpensive housing available, the village opened up to Hispanic migration, and the village has become home to many Hispanic immigrant families since the 1950s. Many families of Hispanic descent take part in the village's annual festivals. The Puerto Rican Day Parade and Festival take place in the village's downtown in early June, and the Dominican Day Parade and Festival occur in late August and in September.

On the night of January 8, 1906, a landslide destroyed a large residential and commercial portion of the village. Firefighters responded immediately but faced enormous odds because of burst valves and water mains, natural gas explosions and hoses which periodically froze because of the extreme cold. The landslide, a pit about 150 ft deep, claimed five Haverstraw blocks from Allison to Jefferson Street, 21 buildings, and the lives of 4 firefighters and 17 residents. Despite the events, the village rebounded. Eight years later, however, the Cleary-Newman murder took place, which cast a pall of corruption over the populace. In 2007, leaders of the village and town announced the 101st anniversary of the landslide and dedicated a memorial to the victims of the disaster. The memorial is located at Bowline Town Park on the shore of Bowline Pond and the Hudson River.

In July 1920, New York Yankees outfielder Babe Ruth spent time in Haverstraw to film a movie – Headin' Home. A local baseball field bears the Hall of Famer's name due to his visit.

George M. Cohan, the "Father of Modern Broadway", had his debut playing the violin at the Waldron's Opera House on Broadway in the village. The Cohan family stayed in Haverstraw during summer while making their rounds on the vaudeville circuit. The Cohans lived on Division Street, next to a major clay pit in the Village. Cohan was influenced early in his life by the songs of the southern black clay diggers that worked down below the Cohan house in the clay pit. It is often said that Cohan mainstreamed ragtime and jazz through his Broadway tunes.

September 2004 marked the village's 150th anniversary, celebrated by a festival along the village's waterfront. The village has entered a period of revitalization, which coincides with the creation of the Harbors at Haverstraw Community and a sculpture trail which will follow the Hudson River shoreline. The Harbors at Haverstraw is situated on the southern end of the Village and below the higher elevations of the charming riverside southernmost neighborhood known as Dutchtown. Some residents have taken to calling the Harbors area the "South End" instead of the previous name for the neighborhood the "mud hole" in honor of various clay pits once visible here. The State has funded $3 million to the revitalization project, which includes investments on the waterfront esplanade and a possible downtown streetscape project.

As a cost-saving measure, at midnight on January 1, 2006, the Village of Haverstraw Police Department was merged with the Town of Haverstraw Police Department. The town of Clarkstown Police opened a new shooting range that town of Haverstraw and other departments use at Tilcon Quarry area. Its noise issue were addressed and ongoing issues of Oldcastle, Tilcon and CRH blasting and pollution might soon be addressed in 2017 or 2018.

Camp Christmas Seals
Camp Christmas Seals - (interracial camp), where children were aided by the Methodist Camp Service. Mrs. Addie C. Cox, director, the "mother" of all the campers. Activities included boating, fishing and swimming at nearby Lake Tiorati, one of the seven main lakes in Harriman State Park, located in Orange County, New York.

Geography
Haverstraw is on the west bank of the Hudson River. Haverstraw Bay is the widest portion of the Hudson River. The bay is bordered by the village of Haverstraw and the village of Croton-on-Hudson in Westchester County to the east.

Haverstraw is located at 41.19639°N, -73.96667°W (41.196494, −73.96684).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 13.1 sqkm, of which 5.2 sqkm is land and 8.0 sqkm, or 60.75%, is water.

Neighborhoods

 * Bank Corner - downtown center
 * Hahn's Corner - intersection of Westside Avenue and Broadway
 * South End - "the mud hole," the harbors community and surrounding residential areas
 * Dutchtown - Riverside Avenue at northern terminus of the Hook Mountain Nyack Beach Trail
 * Uptown - stately, residential district on Hudson Avenue and Hillside Avenue
 * Little Italy - Warren Avenue and McKenzie Avenue
 * Old Quarter - residential district on Front Street, 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Street, bounded by Van Houten Street, Canal Street and Broad Street
 * Bull Line Blaff - Jefferson Street and Clinton Street
 * North Broadway - where Broadway meets Samsondale Avenue
 * Silk Mill - between Gurnee Avenue and Spring Street

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 10,117 people, 2,816 households, and 2,168 families residing in the village. The population density was 5,078.8 PD/sqmi. There were 2,925 housing units at an average density of 1,468.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 46.02% white, 12.07% black or African American, 0.37% Native American, 1.09% Asian, 0.13% Pacific Islander, 34.70% from other races, and 5.62% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 59.29% of the population.

There were 2,816 households, out of which 43.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.1% were married couples living together, 23.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.0% were non-families. 17.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.42 and the average family size was 3.82.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 28.6% under the age of 18, 10.9% from 18 to 24, 30.7% from 25 to 44, 18.9% from 45 to 64, and 10.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.9 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $42,683, and the median income for a family was $44,881. Males had a median income of $31,503 versus $27,207 for females. The per capita income for the village was $15,442. About 13.9% of families and 16.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.4% of those under age 18 and 23.0% of those age 65 or over.

As of the 2010 census, the population was 11,910, and demographics were as follows:
 * Hispanic 67.1%
 * White alone: 19.3%
 * Black or African American alone: 9.7%
 * American Indian and Alaska Native alone: 0.2%
 * Asian alone: 2.2%
 * Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander alone: 0.0%
 * Some Other Race alone: 0.1%
 * Two or More Races: 1.4%

Transportation
The River Subdivision runs through the village of Haverstraw as a freight-only line, which has an important passing siding located at milepost 35. The River Subdivision is the primary freight rail line between the New York City – Northeastern New Jersey metropolitan area and Albany. Today, the line is operated by CSX Transportation, the fourth railroad to do so. On an average day 20–25 trains pass through Haverstraw. Passenger service along the former West Shore Railroad line stopped on September 11, 1959, although the former Haverstraw station building is still standing and currently serves as a law office.

NY Waterway runs a commuter ferry from Haverstraw Village to Ossining, from where there are commuter trains to Grand Central Terminal. A monthly uniticket for the Haverstraw–Ossining Ferry and the train is available from Metro-North.Local transit is operated by Transport of Rockland. The #91, #95, and #97 routes serve Haverstraw.

Short Line, part of Coach USA, provides daily service along U.S. Route 9W heading to and from the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan and West Point Military Academy or Newburgh.

U.S. Route 9W and US 202 run directly through the village. U.S. Route 9W is a major cycling route between New York City and Bear Mountain State Park and West Point Military Academy. The route regularly hosts the Gran Fondo cycling endurance race.

Historical markers

 * "Treason Site," Route 9W, where Benedict Arnold met Major John André, a British military intelligence officer, on September 21, 1780, to negotiate the sale of the plans for West Point - now located at Emeline (Nantasket) Park and Main Street.
 * "Cohan's Debut," Waldron's Opera House site - Broadway and Lincoln Street
 * "Hudson River," Widest Point of River - Front/First Street and Elks Drive
 * 1906 "Great Haverstraw Landslide" - Division and Rockland Street
 * "Brick Industry" - 183 West Street
 * "DeHarte Patent" - 79 North Route 9W
 * Haverstraw Historic Site - 25 Fairmount Avenue
 * Robert Fulton Clermont Steamship Berth - Emeline (Nantasket) Park at Main Street
 * Bowline Pond Clay Pit - Broadway at Jefferson Street
 * Site of Peck's Dock and small-gauge rail terminal - Utility Pier at Bowline Point Park
 * Twin Second Empire Mansions - South end of Clove Avenue
 * Site of Babe Ruth home run over St. Peter's Church during filming of 'Headin' Home' Silent Film - Partition Street at Haverstraw Middle School
 * Site of the "Franklin Community," an early Communist experimental community influenced by Robert Owen - Spring Street and Rela Avenue
 * Site of Franklin Delano Roosevelt address in bid for U.S. presidency at the United States Hotel - Now U.S. Post Office at Main Street and First Street
 * Central Presbyterian Church boasts extinct American Chestnut ceilings and stained glass windows designed by Louis Comfort Tiffany - New Main Street and Hudson Avenue

Landmarks and places of interest

 * Arts Alliance of Haverstraw, 91 Broadway, is a multicultural center for the arts.
 * Central Presbyterian Church, 64 New Main Street at intersection with Hudson Avenue, was founded in 1846 and moved to its present church in 1909, which was built with donated Haverstraw brick and now-scarce American Chestnut wood. The 13 stained-glass windows in the main sanctuary were designed by Louis Comfort Tiffany.
 * House depicted in Edward Hopper's painting The House By The Railroad, located along Route 9W just north of New Main Street. The house also inspired the Bates' house set used in Alfred Hitchcock's 1960 movie Psycho.
 * Haverstraw African American Memorial Park 41 Clinton St. Haverstraw, NY 10927.  The park features a kiosk with displays about local history and the African diaspora. including the history of the African Methodist Episcopal Bethel Church, founded by slaves and free blacks in 1846. The church was Rockland's first house of worship for blacks.
 * Haverstraw Brick Museum, 12 Main Street, has exhibits of the over 100-year history of brick-making in the Haverstraw area, once known as "the brick-making capital of the world".
 * Haverstraw King's Daughters Village Library, 85 Main Street, is the oldest public library in Rockland County, chartered in 1895. The library opened in Jenkins Hall in 1896 and moved to the National Bank Building the following year. The King's Daughters Society, organized in 1891, was known as the "Haverstraw Ladies Home Mission Circle". Mrs. Everett Fowler, whose husband was president to The Peoples Bank, a state bank, presented a plan to found a public library as a department of the society. In July 1899 the library trustees accepted Denton Fowler's proposition to match the $10,000 for the purchase of the library's present site, which included the provision that the building be named the "Fowler Library Building". The building was constructed with Haverstraw brick from the Fowlers' brickyard. The imprint DF&S can be read on the bricks laid for the basement's floor. During the holiday seasons the library provided baskets for the poor, and throughout the year the library conducted sewing classes for the girls of the village. The library was active in providing relief for the victims of the landslide in 1906. (NRHP)
 * The Homestead, Hudson Avenue, is a historic house that is one of the oldest buildings in the village, dating to the early 19th century. In 1983 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).
 * M/V Commander, Haverstraw Marina, is a rare design link between the heavily built-for-steam boats of the late 19th century and the more lightly built vessels of the 20th century. It was listed in 1984 on both the State and National Registers of Historic Places and is also listed in the International Register of Historic Ships, Great American Ships and the Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. It may be chartered for private parties and excursions. (NRHP)
 * United States Post Office (Haverstraw, New York), 86 Main Street, is listed on the NRHP.
 * St. Peter's Roman Catholic Church, 115 Broadway, is the oldest Catholic church in Rockland County and is where the first Mass was offered on November 14, 1847.
 * The Congregation of the Sons of Jacob, 37 Clove Avenue, begun in 1877, is the oldest Jewish congregation in Rockland County.

Festivals and events
The following festivals and parades are celebrated in the village of Haverstraw.
 * Family Day Festival – celebrated in May
 * Farmers' Market – held every Sunday from May to November 9:00 am until 2:00 pm
 * Italian Day Festival – In May Italian Americans celebrate their heritage.
 * Annual Brickyard 5000 Regatta – hosted annually in October at the Haverstraw-Ossining Ferry Landing.

Sports
In 2009, Haverstraw was the Girls Little League Baseball Seniors Division state champion, beating the 2008 champion from New Hyde Park by a score of 1–0, leading them to the Eastern regionals in Worcester, Massachusetts.

In 2010, the team were the Girls Little League Baseball Seniors Division state and Eastern regional champions. They defeated national teams from Germany, Puerto Rico and Guam, before losing 3–1 to San Antonio, Southwest regional champions, in the World Series Championship in Roxana, Delaware, on August 14, 2010.

In 2014, Haverstraw was the Boys Junior league Baseball New York State Champions. They went on to play in the Easter Regionals in New Jersey. In 2019 Havestraw won New York State Little League State championship and came one win away from the Little League World Series losing in the Mid-Atlantic region to Connecticut and the girls softball finished third in New York State. In 2021 the girls Little League Softball team won the New York state championship going to the Little League World Series in Greenville, NC losing in the second round to Texas and Missouri. In 2019 Havestraw Little League Softball finished third in New York. In 1958 the Havestraw Little League won New York state championship losing in the East Regionals to the eventual regional champion Connecticut.

Notable people

 * Gerard Benderoth (February 1, 1969 - March 8, 2017), Haverstraw patrolman and World's Strongest Man competitor in 2009. Benderoth, a native of Haverstraw known as "The White Rhino", is a North Rockland High School graduate and former New York City patrolman. He turned professional in 2004 and was ranked at one time in the top 10 in the United States.
 * George M. Cohan (July 3, 1878 – November 5, 1942), entertainer, playwright, composer, lyricist, actor, singer, dancer and producer. Known as "the man who owned Broadway" in the decade before World War I, he is considered the father of American musical comedy. A full-length dramatic musical entitled George M that depicted his life and which celebrated his music was produced on Broadway in 1968, as did the Academy Award-winning film Yankee Doodle Dandy in 1942.  The Cohan family used to live on the easterly end of Division Street.
 * Michael A. Donaldson (January 16, 1884 – April 12, 1970), United States Army sergeant and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor, for his actions in France during World War I.
 * Derrick Lassic (born January 26, 1970, in the village), NFL running back and former husband of Arthel Neville
 * Toni Morrison, first African American to be selected for the Nobel Prize in Literature, owns a home in the village. Her novel Beloved won the 1988 Pulitzer Prize for fiction. She has earned the designation of one of the 100 Greatest African Americans of the United States.

Notable people buried in Mount Repose Cemetery

 * Peter Denoyelles (1766–1829), U.S. Representative from New York to the 13th United States Congress
 * Ginny Gibson (1924–1998), professional name for Virginia Criger, a singer who flourished in the 1950s
 * Reuben L. Haskell (October 5, 1878 – October 2, 1971), U.S. Representative from New York from March 4, 1915, until December 31, 1919
 * Lotte Lenya (October 18, 1898 – November 27, 1981), Austrian-born, Tony Award-winning and Academy Award-nominated singer and actress
 * Kurt Weill (March 2, 1900 – April 3, 1950), German-born, leading composer for the stage and writer of numbers of concert works. Most notable work is the song "Mack the Knife". Married to Lotte Lenya twice – (1926 and 1937).
 * Leonidas Hubbard, Jr. Explorer, sportsman, writer, who perished in 1903 during an expedition in Labrador.
 * Robert A. Widenmann (January 24, 1852 – April 13, 1930), National Democratic candidate for U.S. Representative from New York 17th District, 1896. Director of the Haverstraw Light and Fuel Co. Deputy United States Marshal and associate of Billy the Kid during the Lincoln County War

title: Haverstraw (village), New York


text:
Haverstraw, New York

Haverstraw is a town in Rockland County, New York, United States, located north of the Town of Clarkstown and the Town of Ramapo; east of Orange County; south of the Town of Stony Point; and west of the Hudson River. The town runs from the west to the east border of the county in its northern section. The population was 39,087 at the 2020 census.

The name comes from the Dutch word Haverstroo meaning "oats straw", referring to the grasslands along the river. The town contains three villages, one of which is also known as Haverstraw. Haverstraw village is the original seat of government for the town, hosting the area's historic central downtown business district and the densest population in northern Rockland County.

History
In 1609, the region was explored by Henry Hudson. A land purchase was made in this town in 1666 from local natives and confirmed as a patent in 1671. The region was known as Haverstroo, meaning "oat straw" in Dutch.

During the American Revolution, it served (under the command of Col. Ann Hawkes Hay) as an important lookout for British activities on the Hudson. A blue-marked trail, the Long Path, may be taken 2 mi eastward from Central Highway along the crest of South Mountain to High Tor. Halfway is Little Tor, the second highest peak on South Mountain.

The town of Haverstraw was formed in 1788 while still part of Orange County, New York. Haverstraw was partitioned in 1791 to form the town of Clarkstown and the town of Ramapo and again in 1865 to form the town of Stony Point.

In 1826 the town was the site of a short-lived effort to establish an Owenite colony called the Franklin Community. Underfinanced and wracked by internal dissent, the model Owenite community folded after a mere five months of operation.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 71.0 sqkm, of which 57.4 sqkm is land and 13.6 sqkm, or 19.19%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 33,811 people, 11,255 households, and 8,328 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,508.3 PD/sqmi. There were 11,553 housing units at an average density of 515.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 66.24% white, 10.27% black or African American, .41% Native American, 3.21% Asian, .10% Pacific Islander, 15.65% from other races, and 4.12% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 31.73% of the population.

Haverstraw has one of largest Dominican communities in the United States with Dominicans making up 32.4% of the population

There were 11,255 households, out of which 37.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.4% were married couples living together, 15.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.0% were non-families. 21.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.94 and the average family size was 3.43.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.3% under the age of 18, 8.6% from 18 to 24, 31.2% from 25 to 44, 23.6% from 45 to 64, and 10.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $53,850, and the median income for a family was $61,119. Males had a median income of $40,109 versus $31,979 for females. The per capita income for the town was $22,188. About 8.1% of families and 10.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.8% of those under age 18 and 13.8% of those age 65 or over.

As of the 2020 census, there were 39,087 people residing in the town.

Government
Haverstraw has a council form of government. The town supervisor is Howard T. Phillips Jr., and council members are Vincent Gamboli, John J. Gould, Hector L. Soto and Isidro "Papo" Cancel. The town's services include a police department.

Transportation
Major highways include the Palisades Interstate Parkway, U.S. Route 9W, U.S. Route 202, and NY Route 45. Haverstraw is also a terminus of the NY Waterway/Metro-North Railroad Haverstraw–Ossining Ferry. Short Line, part of Coach USA, provides daily service along U.S. Route 9W heading to and from the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan and West Point Military Academy or Newburgh.

New York Central's West Shore Railroad began operations along the banks of the Hudson in 1883 and until 1958 operated passenger service between Albany and Weehawken Terminal in Weehawken, New Jersey, where passengers could transfer to ferries to Manhattan. Service between West Haverstraw and Weehawken was discontinued in 1959. The right of way is still used for freight and is known as the River Line. Conrail operated the system until its dissolution. It is now part of the CSX River Subdivision which runs between North Bergen Yard in New Jersey and Selkirk, New York.

Communities and locations in the town

 * Bowline Point Town Park – A park east of Haverstraw on a peninsula, called Bowline Point, in the Hudson River.
 * Garnerville – A hamlet southwest of West Haverstraw.
 * Harriman State Park – Part of the park is in the western part of the town.
 * Village of Haverstraw – The historic downtown business district. The original seat of government in Haverstraw Town.
 * Johnsontown – A hamlet west of West Haverstraw named after the Johnson brothers.
 * Ladentown – A hamlet.
 * Lake Kanawauke – A lake in Harriman State Park in the southwestern corner of the town.
 * Lake Sebago – A lake in Harriman State Park in the southwestern corner of the town.
 * Lake Welch – A lake in Harriman State Park near the western town line.
 * Mount Ivy – A hamlet by the southern town line.
 * Pomona – A village partly in the town and partly in the town of Ramapo.
 * Samsondale – A hamlet east of West Haverstraw.
 * St. John's in the Wilderness – A hamlet.
 * Thiells – A hamlet west of West Haverstraw.
 * West Haverstraw – A village.
 * Willow Grove – A hamlet on the northern town line.

Education
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York operates Catholic schools in Rockland County. St. Peter Parish School was in Haverstraw. In 2012, after the archdiocese announced that it could potentially be closed, the school community did a fundraising drive as the school was told it could remain open if a plan to raise $500,000 annually was produced. That year the school's per-student cost was $5,500 but it relied on archdiocese funds as it deliberately had tuition below cost, at $3,600, so children of working class backgrounds could attend. It had an increasing enrollment at the time of closure, with 328 students in its final year.

Notable people

 * Walter S. Gurnee (1813-1903), served as the 14th Mayor of Chicago (1851-1853), the village of Gurnee, Illinois is named after him.
 * Wilson P. Foss Jr., art collector and businessman
 * Abram Stevens Hewitt (1822–1903) was a teacher, lawyer, iron manufacturer, U.S. Congressman, and a mayor of New York.
 * Molly McGee (1952–1994), gridiron football player
 * Marty Springstead, American League Umpire
 * Scott Stanford (1977) – WWE Superstars play-by-play announcer working for the Raw brand
 * Both the composer Kurt Weill and his wife, the actress and singer Lotte Lenya, are buried in Haverstraw
 * Robert Sterling Yard, journalist, environmentalist

Haverstraw was home to three Medal of Honor recipients:
 * Nick Erickson, Navy, Spanish–American War
 * Michael A. Donaldson, 69th New York, World War I

title: Haverstraw, New York


text:
Stony Point (CDP), New York

Stony Point is a hamlet and census-designated place in the town of Stony Point, Rockland County, New York, United States. It is located north of West Haverstraw, east of Harriman State Park, south of Tomkins Cove, and west of the Hudson River. The population was 12,147 at the 2010 census.

The community is in the eastern part of the town of Stony Point.

Geography
Stony Point is located at 41.22611°N, -73.99278°W (41.226361, -73.99293).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 6.8 sqmi, of which 5.5 sqmi is land and 1.3 sqmi, or 18.64%, is water.

Stony Point is home to Camp Bullowa, a 316.7 acre Boy Scout camp.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 11,744 people, 3,991 households, and 3,160 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 2,134.8 PD/sqmi. There were 4,074 housing units at an average density of 740.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 94.25% White, 1.37% Black or African American, 0.14% Native American, 1.39% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 1.61% from other races, and 1.22% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.06% of the population.

There were 3,991 households, out of which 38.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.1% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 20.8% were non-families. 17.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.91 and the average family size was 3.31.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 25.9% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 30.2% from 25 to 44, 25.1% from 45 to 64, and 12.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.0 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $71,017, and the median income for a family was $82,124. Males had a median income of $55,014 versus $35,974 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $27,975. About 1.9% of families and 3.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.7% of those under age 18 and 10.3% of those age 65 or over.

title: Stony Point (CDP), New York


text:
Stony Point, New York

Stony Point is a town in Rockland County, New York, United States. It is part of the New York City Metropolitan Area. The town is located north of the town of Haverstraw, east and south of Orange County, and west of the Hudson River and Westchester County. The population was 14,813 at the 2020 census. The name of the town is derived from a prominent projection into the Hudson River.

The town is in the northeastern part of the county. U.S. Route 9W, U.S. Route 202, and the Palisades Interstate Parkway are major north–south routes through the town. Stony Point is included in the North Rockland Central School District. It is the most rural of the five towns in Rockland County.

History

During the American Revolution, the King's Ferry in Stony Point linked New York and the southern colonies with New England; it was used many times by General George Washington's Continental Army, and in 1781 Washington's French allies used it on their way to the Battle of Yorktown.

The economy of the town improved upon the rediscovery of limestone deposits in the 19th century. The town of Stony Point was founded in 1865 from the northern part of the town of Haverstraw.

Battle of Stony Point
During the American Revolution, defending the area of Stony Point was crucial. Even George Washington himself prioritized keeping Stony Point, along with the areas around it safe. The importance of controlling that area was crucial to the control of West Point, which is why Washington found taking back the area so important. Washington assigned Major Henry Lee and General Anthony Wayne as the men in charge, and knew the importance of controlling the area.

Having control of Stony Point would enable Washington to have the most effective line of communication between certain colonies. The geography of the town attributed into the advantages the area had to offer. For example, the rockiness and woods made it a good place to keep watch over the Hudson River. General Wayne planned his attack accordingly, and executed the attack effectively.

Stony Point was controlled by British troops, but Washington wanted control to help take down their strong naval forces. By taking control, the Americans would gain an advantage over the British for the remainder of the war. Although it wasn't a definitive battle, it still played a major role in the outcome of the American Revolution.

During the Battle of Stony Point, there were many different sources of weaponry. One of the main ones used was a bayonet. The British soldiers relied heavily on the sword on the end of their rifles, simply because it was more effective during the battle. Although it might seem ironic that a sword can out do a firearm, but the bayonets were extremely effective if soldiers were trained to use it. Also, the rifles at the time of the battle had flaws, such as it being too light. General Wayne took note of this, and advised his side to stay away from the use of rifles. He encouraged the use of muskets and bayonets for the same reasoning.

A possible contribution to the American cause in connection with the Battle of Stony Point was by an African-American slave named 'Pompey.' According to later writings by historian Benson Lossing and later repeated by others, Pompey realized the willingness of the American troops to go the extra mile for victory, which is why he offered to help. His duties were said to include selling and delivering food to the British, especially strawberries. He is said to have frequently spoken with British troops. After acquiring information from them, including the countersign to gain entry to the fort at night, he brought it to the American troops. This enabled General Wayne to attack the British in a night attack where they least expected it at Stony Point. Michael J. F. Sheehan, Senior Historian at the Stony Point Battlefield State Historic Site wrote that Pompey likely was a real person but this story of his contribution to the Patriot cause is a myth.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 31.6 square miles (81.8 km2), of which 27.6 square miles (71.5 km2) is land and 4.0 square miles (10.3 km2), or 12.58%, is water. The western town line is the border of Orange County, and the eastern town line is defined by the Hudson River, with Westchester County on the opposite shore.

Education
The Town of Stony Point is part of the North Rockland Central School District. Students in Stony Point have a plethora of educational opportunities. The district conducts schooling from kindergarten though 5th grade, 6th grade through 8th grade, and finally 9th grade through 12th grade. The town also attains a private Catholic School, Immaculate Conception School, which conducts schooling from kindergarten through grade 8. The average total SAT score is over 1000 for students in the town.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 14,245 people, 4,832 households, and 3,802 families residing in the town. The population density was 511.7 PD/sqmi. There were 4,951 housing units at an average density of 177.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 94.33% white, 1.27% Black or African American, 0.19% Native American, 1.29% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.66% from other races, and 1.24% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.84% of the population.

There were 4,832 households, out of which 38.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.2% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.3% were non-families. 17.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.92 and the average family size was 3.33. In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.1% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 30.6% from 25 to 44, 24.9% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $71,940, and according to CNN the median income for a family was $97,633. Males had a median income of $55,727 versus $36,424 for females. The per capita income for the town was $28,244. In comparison, the average salary in 2010 for a full-time Stony Point police officer was $126,895. About 1.9% of families and 3.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.4% of those under age 18 and 10.7% of those age 65 or over. As of 2020, the median price for a single family home was around $420,000. To rent an entire home in Stony Point, it cost between a range of $1,300-$3,000.

As of the 2020 Census, there were 14,813 people residing in the Town of Stony Point.

Communities and locations in Stony Point

 * Bear Mountain—a hamlet in the northern part of the town and named after a peak in the Bear Mountain State Park.
 * Bulsontown—a hamlet in the northwestern part of the town.
 * Cedar Flats—a hamlet northwest of Stony Point hamlet.
 * Doodletown—a hamlet in the northern corner of the town, in Bear Mountain State Park, abandoned since 1965.
 * Grassy Point—a hamlet.
 * Grassy Point—a short peninsula into the Hudson River in the southeastern part of the town. William Denning Sr., a wealthy New York lawyer, sold 10 acre at the southern end of the property to another New York lawyer, William Smith, who built Rosa Villa, his country estate. William's brother, Doctor Thomas Smith, was the owner of the "treason house" in West Haverstraw, New York that was occupied by his other brother, Joshua Hett Smith, at the time that Benedict Arnold and Major John André planned their conspiracies during the American Revolution.
 * Jones Point—a hamlet by the Hudson River. It is the easternmost community in the town.
 * Stony Point—the hamlet and CDP of Stony Point is in the eastern part of the town.
 * Tomkins Cove—a hamlet by the Hudson River, just north of the Town of Stony Point.
 * Willow Grove—a hamlet on the southern town line. Willow Grove includes Jessup Valley, a small community surrounding Jessup Lake, just west of the Palisades Interstate Parkway.

Transportation
The ex-New York Central's River Subdivision follows the west bank of the Hudson River through Stony Point. The line is now operated by CSX Transportation, the fourth railroad to operate the line. The only company served by CSX in the town is the Mirant Lovett Generating Station, which receives trainloads of coal approximately once per week. The power station owns and operates its own railroad to bring the coal from the siding at milepost (MP) 38 into the plant. A talking defect detector, which scans the axles of passing trains for problems, is located in Stony Point. On average, between 20 and 25 trains pass through Stony Point per day. CSX runs six container stack trains a day. Once per week, a garbage train from the Bronx brings trash up north to burn for power. On a normal day on the River Line, one will see mostly manifest freight trains and tankers. The Auto Rack express brings cars to their owners in either New Jersey or northern New York. CSX trains run five to fifteen minutes apart. The longest wait is mostly one hour. There are only two trestles in Stony Point.

The Palisades Interstate Parkway passes through the town.

Historical markers

 * Buckberg Mountain, 112 Buckberg Mountain Road
 * Site of King's Ferry, Route 9W & Park Road – at Stony Point, just north of Stony Point Battlefield. An important river crossing for American troops and supplies during the Revolution, as it was a link between New England and the states to the south; thus the importance of capturing Stony Point from the British in 1779.
 * Site of Springsteel Farm House 1779, 16A Franck Road
 * Washington Wayne Lookout
 * Wilson H. Young Memorial Bridge, East Main Street
 * Site of Springsteel Farm House 1779, 16A Franck Road
 * Stony Point Battlefield, Route 9W & Park Road
 * The First Road, 117 W. Main Street
 * Gilmor Sloane House – The building was put together by Benjiman F. Goodspeed. When he was creating the building in 1856, the structure stemmed from French Renaissance architecture.

Landmarks and places of interest

 * Berlin Wall segment outside the Stony Point Justice Court
 * Gilmor Sloane House – 17 Crickettown Rd. An 1856 Victorian mansion with no televisions or telephones. An 1888 Barn Playhouse (Penguin Rep) on grounds.
 * Harriman State Park – A large state park partly in the western part of the town.
 * Iona Island and Marsh – Between Jones Point and Bear Mountain. It was previously called "Weyants Island".
 * Patriot Hills Golf Club – Ranked 20th Best Public Golf Course in New York 2010 by Golf Magazine
 * Pyngyp School - (NRHP)
 * Stony Point Battlefield – A state historic site, off Route 9W, Stony Point – Occupied by the British in 1779. (NRHP)
 * Stony Point Light – In the 1800s and early 1900s the Hudson River Lighthouses allowed ships to travel safely through the waters. This was crucial as the Hudson River is one of the largest rivers in New York State. The Hudson River stretched from New York City, New York, all the way up to Albany, New York. The large river attained a total of 13 lighthouses in its route, and Stony Point opened theirs in 1826. The lighthouse is located on the Stony Point Battlefield, and is still open for tourists to view.
 * William H. Rose House (NRHP)

Notable people

 * Karen Karnes (1925–2016), potter, lived and worked at Gate Hill Cooperative in Stony Point for 25 years from 1954
 * John Cage (1912–1992), composer, lived in Stony Point during the 1950s and 60s
 * Stephanie Courtney (1970–), actress and comedian who was born in Stony Point
 * James Farley (1888–1976), Postmaster General, Chairman of the Democratic National Committee
 * Richard Humann (1961–), conceptual artist, born and raised in Stony Point until age 18
 * Jasper Johns (1930–), artist, lived in Stony Point during the 1980s and 1990s
 * Danielle McEwan (1991–), ten-pin bowler and PWBA title holder
 * Mitch Miller (1911–2010), musician and record producer; owned a house in Stony Point now inhabited by his daughter
 * Eugene Palmer (1939–), murderer and fugitive
 * Roy Pea (1952–), learning scientist, technology innovator, and Stanford University professor
 * Katelyn Tuohy (2002–) Middle and long-distance runner. Four-time NCAA champion and holds the national women's high school mile record at 4:33.29.
 * Stan Vanderbeek (1927–1984), independent filmmaker; built his Movie Drome theater in Stony Point
 * General "Mad" Anthony Wayne (1745–1796), United States Army officer, statesmen, member of United States House of Representatives, may have earned his nickname "Mad" at the Battle of Stony Point during the Revolutionary War

List of schools
North Rockland Central School District

 * Farley Upper Elementary School
 * Fieldstone Middle School
 * Haverstraw Upper Elementary School
 * North Rockland High School
 * Stony Point Elementary School
 * Thiells Elementary School
 * West Haverstraw Elementary School
 * Willow Grove Upper Elementary School

title: Stony Point, New York


text:
Corinth (village), New York

Corinth is a village in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 2,562 at the 2020 census. The village takes its name from the Greek city of Corinth.

The Village of Corinth is by the eastern town line of the Town of Corinth. The community asserts that it is the "Snowshoe capital of the world."

History
Waterfalls, a source of power, attracted settlers to the area at the end of the 18th Century.

The village was incorporated in 1888. During that period, the village was the site of many paper mills.

Geography
Corinth is located at 43.24361°N, -73.82889°W (43.24375, -73.828944).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.1 square miles (2.9 km2), of which 1.1 square miles (2.8 km2) is land and 0.04 square mile (0.1 km2)  (3.60%) is water.

The village is next to the Hudson River.

New York State Route 9N (Maple Street/Saratoga Avenue) intersects Palmer Avenue (which becomes County Road 24 outside the village) in the village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,474 people, 1,024 households, and 653 families residing in the village. The population density was 2,318.6 PD/sqmi. There were 1,144 housing units at an average density of 1,072.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.10% White, 0.28% Black or African American, 0.08% Native American, 0.32% Asian, 0.24% Pacific Islander, 0.49% from other races, and 0.49% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.17% of the population.

There were 1,024 households, out of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.3% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.2% were non-families. 30.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.97.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 26.1% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 20.5% from 45 to 64, and 17.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.3 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $30,539, and the median income for a family was $39,205. Males had a median income of $31,481 versus $26,163 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,134. About 6.6% of families and 11.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.3% of those under age 18 and 8.8% of those age 65 or over.

title: Corinth (village), New York


text:
Corinth, New York

Corinth is a town in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 6,500 at the 2020 census. The town contains a village also named Corinth. The town is on the northeastern border of the county, north of Saratoga Springs. The town is noted as "the snowshoe capital of the world" and is home to Palmer Falls where the Hudson River passes through the Palmertown Range.

History

Palmer Falls is an area of whitewater waterfalls formerly known as "Kah-che-bon-cook", "Hadley Falls", "The Great Falls of the Hudson", or "Palmer's Great Falls". The falls are now named after Beriah Palmer, who at one time owned land along both sides of the river by the falls.

Around 1763, after the French and Indian War, Ebenezer Jessup and his brother Edward from Luzerne began lumbering operations in the area. They floated rafts of logs down the Hudson and bypassed Palmer Falls by landing the rafts at a place called "Jessup's Landing", now the public beach of the Village of Corinth, where they loaded the logs onto wagons and carted them around the falls. During the American Revolution the Jessups sided with the Loyalists and fled to Canada, where they commanded a unit known as "Jessup's Loyal Rangers". For a long time the area was known as Jessup's Landing. The first permanent settlement in this area was around 1777, when Joseph Eggleston moved from Wilton to escape British raiders. John W. Taylor moved from Charlton to Jessup's Landing around 1808 and helped organize the Town of Corinth in 1818.

Around 1790 Ambrose Clothier moved from Connecticut and built a cabin near Lake Bonita on Mount McGregor. He had three sons and three daughters, and all his sons were noted fiddlers. The area around Beaver Brook near the Hudson is today known as "Clothier Hollow".Other early settlers in this area were Benjamin Ide, Jonathan Hodges, William Grippen, Lawrence Barber, Jonathan Barrass, and Hathaway Randall.

A third area of settlement was South Corinth (originally Chapman's Corners) along the Kayaderosseras Creek near the border with Greenfield. This area was settled around 1788 by Adam Comstock from Warwick, Rhode Island, who served in the New York State Assembly from 1792 to 1840, and the New York State Senate from 1805 to 1808. Other early settlers were Benjamin Carpenter, Nathaniel Edwards, Frederick Parkman, Jeremiah Eddy, John Purqua, and Washington Chapman.

The town was formed in 1818 from the town of Hadley. The first business was to decide on a name. Mrs. Washington Chapman was allowed to choose the name. She opened her bible randomly to the Epistle to the Corinthians, so the town became Corinth.

Lumbering was important to the early town, which had more than thirty sawmills. After the American Civil War, many paper mills opened in the town.

In 1888, the hamlet of Corinth incorporated as a village. L.R. Burleigh published a perspective map of Corinth and Palmer Falls in 1888 along with an identifying list of landmarks.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 58.1 square miles (150.6 km2), of which 56.8 square miles (147.1 km2) is land and 1.3 square miles (3.4 km2)  (2.29%) is water.

The eastern town line, formed by the Hudson River, is the border of Warren County. The western part of the town is in the Adirondack Park.

Transportation
New York State Route 9N is a north-south highway.

The Saratoga and North Creek Railway used to stop in Corinth once daily northbound and southbound on Saturday and Sunday in May and June, and Friday through Tuesday in July through October. The branch line shut down in 2002 along with the paper mill's closure.

Industry
As early as 1804, a sawmill was established on the Hudson at Palmer Falls, followed shortly by a gristmill and a woolen factory. In 1869, the Hudson River Pulp & Paper Company established its mill and in 1870 began to produce paper from the pulp. This "Hudson River Mill" became the flagship of the International Paper Company at its founding in 1898, and at times had over 1500 employees. The mill specialized in the production of coated paper until its closure in 2002. A shirt factory was established in Corinth in the 1890s and was purchased by Cluett Peabody & Company in 1899. The factory closed in 1975. The Elixman Paper Core Company operated in the village from 1913 until its closure in 1976. Other industries included a sawmill and excelsior plant, a chair factory, and a sand, crushed-stone, and gravel operation.

In 1805, Washington Chapman built a woolen mill in South Corinth, which was later converted to producing nuts and bolts. The hamlet was the site of a tannery, built in 1855 which, by the 1870s, processed five thousand hides a year. Two sawmills nearby produced two thousand cords of hemlock bark and two million feet of lumber annually.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,985 people, 2,331 households, and 1,662 families residing in the town. The population density was 105.4 PD/sqmi. There were 2,804 housing units at an average density of 49.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.28% White, 0.20% Black or African American, 0.15% Native American, 0.20% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 0.30% from other races, and 0.77% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.79% of the population.

There were 2,331 households, out of which 32.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.2% were married couples living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.7% were non-families. Of all households, 23.4% were made up of individuals, and 12.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.0% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $35,199, and the median income for a family was $41,732. Males had a median income of $32,227 versus $25,146 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,003. About 7.8% of families and 11.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.7% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations

 * Black Pond – A lake located west of the village of Corinth.
 * Corinth: A village by the Hudson River in the eastern part of the town, located on NY-9N.
 * Daly's Creek: A stream in the northwestern part of Corinth running into the Great Sacandaga Lake.
 * Efner Lake: A lake near the northern town line, south of County Road 10 (West Mountain Road).
 * Hunt Lake: A lake east of Efner Lake.
 * Jenny Lake: A lake east of Efner Lake.
 * Lake Bonita: A lake in the southeastern corner of the town.
 * Mount McGregor: A mountain in the southeastern part of the town.
 * Palmer: A hamlet east of Corinth village on County Road 24 (Palmer Avenue).
 * Randall Corner: A hamlet in the southeastern section of the town on County Road 25 (Spier Falls Road).
 * South Corinth: A hamlet near the southern town line on NY-9N.
 * Woodland Lake: A lake southeast of Corinth village.
 * Alpine Lake

title: Corinth, New York


text:
Galway (village), New York

Galway is a village in the town of Galway in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 200 at the 2010 census. The village is north of Schenectady. Galway Lake, a vacation area, is west of the village.

History
The first settlers in the town established themselves south of Galway village.

In 1838, the village of Galway was incorporated. The charter was amended in 1869.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.3 square mile (0.7 km2), all land.

Galway is at the junction of County Road 45 (East Street/West Street) and New York State Route 147 (North Street/South Street) in the central part of the town.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 214 people, 82 households, and 71 families residing in the village. The population density was 834.4 PD/sqmi. There were 85 housing units at an average density of 331.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 99.53% White, and 0.47% from two or more races.

There were 82 households, out of which 37.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.4% were married couples living together, 17.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 13.4% were non-families. 13.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 2.75.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 25.7% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 24.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.9 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $32,000, and the median income for a family was $33,750. Males had a median income of $27,500 versus $19,821 for females. The per capita income for the village was $18,299. About 21.4% of families and 25.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 55.7% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those 65 or over.

title: Galway (village), New York


text:
Talk:Minguo

Untitled
Everything except the Calendrical System is a repeat of what's in the Republic of China article. Is a separate article necessary? Just as mentioned, "min guo" is just a term used to refer to the ROC. Different names (or in this case, abbreviations) dont require separate articles. --Jiang 02:57 4 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * Min-guo calendrical system can be mentioned in ROC as well. It, after how, means ROC. I can't even tell from Whatlinkshere why this term was mentioned+Wikified instead of the ROC.

 * Although Éire has its separate article fr. Republic of Ireland. But Min Guo as is isn't about the words or their uses, but about their meaning. Do you think Min Guo is like Éire? --Menchi 03:55 4 Jul 2003 (UTC)

I'm tried to covert this article to just explain the Chinese era name of the ROC and nothing else. The second and third pargraphs need to be made relevant. --Jiang 22:46 12 Jul 2003 (UTC)

I will be merging this with Republic of China shortly and creating a section on "Year designations" in that article. --Jiang 05:39, 7 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * This is sensible. A-giau 03:04, 23 Aug 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Minguo


text:
Galway, New York

Galway is a town located in Saratoga County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, the town had a total population of 3,525. The town contains a village also named Galway. Both the town and village are located in the western part of the county, north of Schenectady.

Galway is a rural community with a mixture of small business, farming, and residential homes. The town is home to both year-round and seasonal residents. It was originally named New Galloway after Galloway in Scotland. When the town was incorporated, however, it was incorrectly recorded as Galway. Although the spelling is the same as Galway, Ireland, it is not pronounced the same.

History
The region was first settled in October 1774 on the corner of what is today known as Donnan and Sacandaga Roads in the southern section of town, outside of Galway village.

The town was formed from the town of Ballston in 1792 as the town of "New Galloway." The town of Providence was taken off the north part of Galway in 1796.

The hamlet of Galway incorporated as a village in 1838.

The Mead House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Notable people

 * Horace Carpentier, First mayor and one of the founders of Oakland, California; capitalist, entrepreneur, philanthropist
 * Glendon Scott Crawford, mechanic, unsuccessful domestic terrorist, and member of the Ku Klux Klan, lived in Galway.
 * Joseph Henry, American scientist, briefly lived in the town.
 * Allen Potter, Native of Galway, New York. US congressman, First Mayor of Kalamazoo, Michigan
 * Chauncey Vibbard, organizer of the New York Central Railroad, Congressman and Superintendent of Railroads for the Union in the American Civil War was a native of Galway
 * Mary Evalin Warren (1829–1904), author, lecturer, social reformer

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 45.0 square mile (116.6 km2, of which 44.0 square miles (114.0 km2) is land and 1.0 square mile (2.6 km2)  (2.20%) is water.

The western town line is the border of Fulton County.

New York State Route 29 is an east–west highway in the northern part of Galway. It intersects New York State Route 147 at Kimball Corners.

Adjacent areas The town of Galway is bordered on the west by towns of Perth and Broadalbin in Fulton County, the east by the town of Milton, the north by the town of Providence, and the south by the town of Charlton.

Demographics
As of the census, of 2000, there were 3,589 people, 1,387 households, and 1,049 families residing in the town. The population density was 81.5 PD/sqmi. There were 1,879 housing units at an average density of 42.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.30% White, 0.08% Black or African American, 0.00% Native American, 0.31% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.53% from other races, and 0.72% from two or more races. 1.06% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 1,387 households, out of which 33.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.5% are Marriage, married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.3% were non-families. Of all households 20.0% were made up of individuals, and 7.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.59 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.9% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 28.8% from 25 to 44, 28.8% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.5 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $51,155, and the median income for a family was $54,119. Males had a median income of $38,827 versus $28,385 for females. The per capita income for the town was $23,425. Of the population, 6.0% and 5.3% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 9.6% of those under the age of 18 and 1.4% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

Education
Galway has its own school district, composed of pre-school through 12th grade. The elementary school is called Joseph Henry Elementary, the middle and high school are known as Galway Junior Senior High School as of 2011, although formerly known as Galway Middle School and Galway High School. The middle school was built in 1999. The growing population began the expansion of the middle school. A new high school was built in 1952 to replace the previous Galway Union Free School which had served for over half a century. Also, prior to 1952, Galway had many one-room school houses scattered throughout the town, many of which still exist.

Communities and locations in the town

 * Birchton: A hamlet in the southeastern corner of the town.
 * Bunn Corners: A location near the western town boundary on County Road 45.
 * East Galway: A hamlet in the northeastern corner of the town on NY-29. It was formerly called "Yorks Corners".
 * Fairweather Corners: A hamlet west of Galway village on County Road 45.
 * Galway: A village in the center of the town, located on NY-147 at County Road 45.
 * Galway Lake: A 564 acre privately owned lake in the western part of the town, currently permitting only electric powered or sail boats. The lake is a popular summer spot for the Galway Lake Camper's Association.
 * Greens Corners: A hamlet at the northern town line.
 * Holsapple Corners: A location near Galway village.
 * Hooesville: A hamlet on the western town boundary.
 * Jeffer's Grove: Located on the eastern side of Galway Lake, consisting of seasonal and year-round homes. Members have access to a shared beach association that they can join to access the largest beach on the lake.
 * Kimballs Corners: A location east of North Galway.
 * Maywood Grove: A seasonal and year-round community on the southern and western shores of Galway Lake.
 * Mosherville: A hamlet in the northeastern part of the town, located on NY-29.
 * North Galway: A hamlet north of Galway village, located on NY-29.
 * O'Brien Corners: A location near Galway village.
 * Parkis Mills: A hamlet northeast of Galway village.
 * Ruback's Grove: A private community of camps and summer cottages. It has multiple beaches with lake access, a night time candy shop, pavilion, a basketball court, and volleyball court.
 * South Galway Corner: A location near Birchton.
 * Shuttleworth Corners: A location south of Galway village.
 * Weissenbaker Grove: A seasonal and year-round community on the south shore of Galway Lake.
 * West Galway: A hamlet on the western town boundary on County Road 45.
 * Whitesides Corners: A hamlet on the northern town line.

title: Galway, New York


text:
Milton, Saratoga County, New York

Milton is a town in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 18,800 at the 2020 census. Some believe that the town was named after the poet, John Milton, while other sources state that it is a shortening of "Mill-town" for the early mill activity.

Milton is an interior town in the central part of the county. It is southwest of Saratoga Springs.

History
This region was part of the Kayaderossera patent of 1708. The town was first settled around 1772.

The town of Milton was established in 1792 from part of the town of Ballston. In 1793, part of the town was taken to form part of the town of Greenfield.

In 1807, part of Milton was lost when Ballston Spa became an incorporated village.

In the mid-to-late-19th century, the Town of Milton was the site of numerous manufacturing concerns. The most famous was the paper mills of "Paper Bag King" George West, who invented a line of square-bottomed paper bags and sold them by the millions soon after the American Civil War. There were also the celebrated hard edge tool factories of Isaiah Blood, the large planing, sash, and door mill of Benjamin Barber, the National Folding Box paper mill, and the Cottrell Paper Mill, the only manufacturer that still operates today. All of these mills were water-powered, and therefore succumbed to competition from electric-powered factories in the early 20th century.

Milton had its very own terminal trolley railroad line early in the 20th century. Called the Ballston Terminal Railroad, it spanned 12 mi from Ballston Spa to Rock City Falls and Middle Grove. It was one of the few trolley railroads in the country to serve primarily industry rather than carry passengers. The trolley operated from 1898 to 1929.

The Kesselring Site for Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program was established in 1948 in West Milton.

As of 2022, Milton was home to the most manufactured home parks in the county.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 35.6 square miles (92.3 km2), of which 35.6 square miles (92.2 km2) is land and 0.04 square mile (0.1 km2)  (0.06%) is water.

Kayaderosseras Creek flows through the eastern part of Milton.

New York State Route 29 is an east–west highway across the northern part of Milton. New York State Route 67 runs along the southern town line, and State Route 50 crosses the southern corner of the town, through Ballston Spa and North Ballston Spa.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 17,103 people, 6,401 households, and 4,544 families residing in the town. The population density was 480.5 PD/sqmi. There were 6,701 housing units at an average density of 188.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 96.43% White, 1.02% Black or African American, 0.25% Native American, 0.47% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.42% from other races, and 1.39% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.75% of the population.

There were 6,401 households, out of which 38.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.4% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.0% were non-families. 21.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.7% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 35.2% from 25 to 44, 20.8% from 45 to 64, and 8.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $45,262, and the median income for a family was $51,771. Males had a median income of $36,863 versus $27,335 for females. The per capita income for the town was $20,443. About 4.7% of families and 6.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.7% of those under age 18 and 4.4% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the Town of Milton

 * Ballston Spa – The northern section of the Village of Ballston Spa, which is the county seat, is in the southeastern part of Milton.
 * Bloodville – A former location near Ballston Spa and the site of American Axe & Tool Company.
 * Factory Village – A hamlet and suburb northwest of Ballston Spa on County Road 45. The name is derived from two paper mills.
 * Frink Corners – A location in the northwestern part of the town at the town line.
 * Kesselring Site – A research facility in the western part of Milton.
 * Milton Center – A hamlet northwest of Ballston Spa at the junction of County Roads 43 and 49. It is part of the Milton census-designated place.
 * North Ballston Spa – A community at the northern border of Ballston Spa.
 * North Milton – A hamlet east of Rock City Falls on NY-29 at County Road 59.
 * Rock City Falls – A hamlet in the northwestern part of the town on NY-29 at the junction of County Road 49.
 * Saratoga County Airport (5B2) – An airport north of Ballston Spa.
 * West Milton – A hamlet near the western town line on County Road 49. It was formerly called "Spiers Corners" and "Clutes Corners."

title: Milton, Saratoga County, New York


text:
Stillwater (village), New York

Stillwater is a village in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 1,754 at the 2020 census. There is a hamlet in Minerva, Essex County with the same name, which has nothing to do with this village. The Village of Stillwater is in the southeastern part of the Town of Stillwater, north of the City of Mechanicville.

History
Fort Ingoldsby was constructed in 1709, on the orders of Peter Schuyler, to protect the site of the future village. The village was incorporated in 1816. Stillwater is the current historical site of "The Blockhouse", since it has been moved from Saratoga battle field. Stillwater has other sites, such as the Octagon house and the twin houses built in the late 19th century. Stillwater plays an important role in Caleb Carr's period murder mystery The Angel of Darkness, published in 1997.

Geography
Stillwater is located at 42.94°N, -73.65028°W (42.940172, -73.650437).

According to United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.4 square miles (3.7 km2), of which 1.2 square miles (3.2 km2) of it is land and 0.2 square mile (0.5 km2)  (13.29%) is water.

Stillwater is on the west side of the Hudson River. The Hudson River also serves as the county line of Rensselaer County. Schuyler Creek enters the Hudson River at the village. U.S. Route 4 passes through the village, conjoined with New York State Route 32 as Hudson Avenue. County Road 76, Lake Road, ends its county designation at the village line where it becomes Lake Street. Rensselaer County Road 125, Stillwater Bridge Road, terminates from the east at the county border.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,644 people, 616 households, and 450 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,328.1 PD/sqmi. There were 669 housing units at an average density of 540.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.81% White, 0.30% Black or African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.73% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.24% from other races, and 0.67% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.85% of the population.

There were 616 households, out of which 39.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.1% were married couples living together, 13.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.8% were non-families. 21.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.14.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 29.1% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 31.4% from 25 to 44, 20.1% from 45 to 64, and 12.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.3 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $43,516, and the median income for a family was $50,577. Males had a median income of $35,667 versus $27,250 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,221. About 7.8% of families and 10.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.3% of those under age 18 and 9.7% of those age 65 or over.

title: Stillwater (village), New York


text:
Stillwater, New York

Stillwater is a town in Saratoga County, New York, United States, with a population of 9,022 at the 2020 census. The town contains a village called Stillwater. The town is at the eastern border of the county, southeast of Saratoga Springs and borders both Rensselaer and Washington counties. Saratoga National Historical Park is located within the town's limits. There is a hamlet in Minerva, Essex County, New York, with the same name which has nothing to do with this town.

History
The area was occupied by Iroquois and Mahican natives when the colonial period began. In 1709, Peter Schuyler built Fort Ingoldsby in town because of its location on the frontier of the French and Indian Wars. A replica of Schuyler's fort currently serves as the Stillwater Blockhouse Museum. Settlers began arriving after 1730. During the American Revolution residents participated in the war, and part of the Battle of Saratoga was fought in the town so that the town now refers to itself as the turning point of the American Revolution.

Stillwater was established as a town in 1791, when Saratoga County was formed. In 1816, the hamlet of Stillwater incorporated as a village. In 1859, Mechanicville became the town's second village. The Stillwater Free Library was established in 1949 by Barbara Alexik and Elizabeth Beiter in the building formerly home to the St. John's Episcopal Church. The Stillwater United Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 43.6 square miles (112.8 km2), of which 41.4 square miles (107.1 km2) is land and 2.2 square miles (5.7 km2) (5.07%) is water.

The eastern town line is the border of Rensselaer County and Washington County, marked by the Hudson River.

U.S. Route 4, partly conjoined with New York State Route 32 follows the Hudson River through the town. New York State Route 423 is an east-west highway in the northern part of Stillwater. New York State Route 9P is a north-south highway in the northwestern part of the town by Saratoga Lake. New York State Route 67 runs along the southern town line.

Demographics
At the 2000 census, there were 7,522 people, 2,786 households and 2,109 families residing in the town. The population density was 181.9 PD/sqmi. There were 3,054 housing units at an average density of 73.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.21% White, 0.41% Black or African American, 0.11% Native American, 0.47% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.11% from other races, and 0.69% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.62% of the population.

There were 2,786 households, of which 38.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.7% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.3% were non-families. 19.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.10.

27.0% of the population were under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 31.9% from 25 to 44, 23.5% from 45 to 64, and 10.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.8 males.

The median household income was $47,579 and the median family income was $53,023. Males had a median income of $37,428 and females $27,257. The per capita income was $19,291. About 5.3% of families and 6.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.6% of those under age 18 and 11.3% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Students attend school at Stillwater High School. The school is located in the village of Stillwater and serves grades K to 12 in two buildings.

Notable people

 * Winchel Bacon, Wisconsin legislator
 * Charles H. Baxter, Wisconsin State Senator
 * Abigail Fillmore (1798–1853), First Lady of the United States, wife of Millard Fillmore
 * Ebenezer O. Grosvenor (1820–1910), lieutenant governor and state treasurer of Michigan
 * Lemuel Roberts, American Revolutionary War soldier and historian lived in Stillwater as a boy in the 1760s.

Communities and locations in the Town of Stillwater

 * Bemis Heights – A hamlet by the Hudson River, north of Stillwater village on US-4.
 * Brown's Beach – A hamlet in the northwestern part of the town, by the south end of Saratoga Lake on NY-9P.
 * East Saratoga Junction – A location in the southern section of the town.
 * Ketchums Corners – A historic location in the northwestern part of the town, near Saratoga Lake.
 * Saratoga National Historical Park - A historic park in the northeastern part of the town.
 * Snake Hill – A hamlet in the northern part of the town near Saratoga Lake on NY-9P.
 * Stillwater – A village located by the Hudson River and US-4.
 * Stillwater Junction – A hamlet in the southeastern part of the town on County Road 75.
 * Wayville – A hamlet by the northern town line on County Road 70.
 * Willow Glen – A hamlet by the southern town boundary on NY-67.

title: Stillwater, New York


text:
Waterford (village), New York

Waterford is a village in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 2,038 at the 2020 census. The name derives from the ford between the mainland and Peebles Island.

The Village of Waterford is located in the southeastern part of the Town of Waterford, north-northwest of Troy, New York. The village is located just north of the falls where the eastbound Mohawk River empties into the southbound Hudson River.

History
The site of the village was occupied as "Half Moon Point" in the 17th century. It was then in the territory of Mahican natives. This early village was at the ford between Peebles Island and the mainland. The approximate location of this ford is in the area of the Second Street Bridge. Though the construction of the Erie Canal destroyed much of the ford for which the village is named, remnants of an unnamed and often submerged island can still be seen southwest of the entrance to the canal.

The village claims to be the oldest continuously incorporated village in the US. It was the first village incorporated by the state legislature in 1794, while part of the Town of Halfmoon, and was an established political entity before the formation of the Town of Waterford. Waterford Village is one of only twelve villages in New York still incorporated under a charter, the other villages having incorporated or re-incorporated under the provisions of Village Law.

Geography
The Village of Waterford is located at 42.79111°N, -73.67972°W (42.791127, -73.679758).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.4 square mile (0.9 km2), of which 0.3 square mile (0.8 km2) is land and 0.1 square mile (0.2 km2) (22.22%) is water.

Waterford is on the west bank of the Hudson River and north of Peebles Island State Park. The village was at the northern extreme of navigation on the Hudson River, and later became the eastern terminus of the Erie Canal and the southern terminus of the Champlain Canal. Although the north–south right-of-way of the Champlain Canal through Waterford has largely been abandoned and bypassed, the east-west Erie Canal continues to operate under the administration of the New York State Canal System (formerly called the New York State Barge Canal).

The historic Waterford Flight, comprising locks 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 of the Erie Canal is located here, along with defunct former locks of the Champlain Canal. The Waterford Flight locks were opened circa 1918 to replace earlier locks that had first allowed boat traffic to bypass nearby Cohoes Falls, which had previously blocked all river traffic between the Mohawk and the Hudson Rivers. The Waterford Flight series of locks is one of the steepest in the world.

While much of the surrounding town has a high elevation, the Village of Waterford is very low relative to the two major rivers forming its borders. Its position at the convergence of both the Erie and Champlain Canals as well as the Mohawk and Hudson Rivers, has contributed to many floods. While major floods have been rare through the last half of the 20th century to the present, the most recent flood of significance was in late June and early July 2006. The flood forced the closing of the Erie Canal, stranding several boats in the locks.

Entering from the north, conjoined U.S. Route 4 and New York State Route 32 diverge in Waterford Village, with US-4 (as Broad Street) crossing the Hudson River eastbound into Rensselaer County and NY-32 crossing the Mohawk River southbound into Albany County. County Roads 96 (6th Street) and 97 (Washington Avenue) lead into the village from the northwest.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,204 people, 951 households, and 543 families residing in the village. The population density was 7,731.2 PD/sqmi. There were 1,062 housing units at an average density of 3,725.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 96.05% White, 0.77% Black or African American, 0.18% Native American, 1.50% Asian, 0.09% from other races, and 1.41% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.45% of the population.

There were 951 households, out of which 28.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.3% were married couples living together, 14.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.8% were non-families. 34.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 3.06.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 23.9% under the age of 18, 10.0% from 18 to 24, 31.6% from 25 to 44, 19.7% from 45 to 64, and 14.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $34,135, and the median income for a family was $45,375. Males had a median income of $35,543 versus $25,912 for females. The per capita income for the village was $18,141. About 11.4% of families and 12.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.3% of those under age 18 and 6.1% of those age 65 or over.

title: Waterford (village), New York