text:
Talk:Hugh Capet

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Contradictory Section
The article currently reads:
 * While Hugh Capet's military power was limited and he had to seek military aid from Richard I of Normandy, his unanimous election as king gave him great moral authority and influence. Adémar de Chabannes records, probably apocryphally, that during an argument with the Count of Auvergne, Hugh demanded of him: "Who made you count?" The count riposted: "Who made you king?"[9].

The riposte points to the exact opposite idea of the first sentence: that as a nonhereditary king, Hugh had less moral authority and influence. Should the entire section be removed? or which side should the article come down on? -114.91.67.180 (talk) 14:44, 7 August 2009 (UTC)

comment
As I would suggest the name might well be written as "Huges Ier/", that is Hugh the First?, but possibly "Ier" did mean more than "premier?" As, stated in another of my suggestions, there could be some mistaken history involved, and therefor, Huges or Hughes "Capet" could mean the "Big head" or "Swollen head", or even "Pompus?", and as such might even have been written as "The Large" or even "the great?" This would, of course, tend to merge the later "Magnus" with the elder!69.92.23.64 (talk) 02:42, 27 January 2010 (UTC)Ronald L. Hughes

As I understand it, Hugh Capet's father Hugh Magnus married Hedwige of Saxony, sister of Emperor Otto. Therefore as a nephew of Emperor Otto he was perhaps in a position to exercise greater influence than Lothair. If your information indicating Hugh Capet married the daughter of Otto is correct, please clarify name of daughter and which of Otto's wives/significant others was the mother.

I also have sources that indicate Hugh Capet and Adelaide of Aquitaine (Poitou)had a daughter, Hedwig. Is she the same as one of the four you have identified? If so, please let me know who.
 * Yes, Hugh and Adelaide had a daughter Hedwig who married Rainier IV of Hainault.Cosal 23:30, 14 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Hmm, I have problems with this article. It seems to be factual, even though it's sourceless. However, this might not even be considered to be an article for a printed encyclopedia, like World Book. In my opinion, it's more in the style of a CIA factbook than of a narrative. It's not a bad article at all! There are just a couple of points I think should be brought up:

 * 1. Hugh Capet was crowned because the nobles thought him to be too feeble-minded to rule (thus enabling them to take true control.)
 * 2. In reality, this guy was one politic bloke. He ruled by a giant beaurocracy. This can be seen in contrast to medieval England's Henry II, who developed common law a century or so later.

 * I don't have sources on my person, but I believe that that's what I read. (from a student, no one especially authoritive, but I have my sources!)207.241.244.1 17:31, 12 January 2006 (UTC)

So he's basically France's version of King Rudolf I of Germany...heh. Anywya, shouldn't the title be "Hugh I of France", in accordance to naming policy? -Alex 12.220.157.93 05:55, 31 January 2006 (UTC).

I'm quite interested to know how it happened that Hugh Magnus was said to be the most powerful man of his time in "France" but his son, as stated in this article as in other sources, had such a limited range of power. Can anybody explain that? Kokosnuss 08:43, 8 June 2006 (UTC)

FRom above is this quote; "Yes, Hugh and Adelaide had a daughter Hedwig who married Rainier IV of Hainault.Cosal 23:30, 14 January 2006 (UTC)" I would suggest that "Rain-ier" meant, at best "First Ruler!" "Rain" is but a misspelling of Reign, etc., and "ier" reportedly meant nothing more than "the first" or "Premier!" Maybe one of you should check this out?69.92.23.64 (talk) 20:27, 18 May 2010 (UTC)Ronald L. Hughes

comment
This page makes no mention of daughter Adele, however page on 'Robert II of France' references daughter 'Advisa, ... not to be confused with her aunt Adele, who married Count Renaud I of Nevers', Robert II's pages is linked to 'Hugh Capet of France' as father. A page for 'Adele of France' and one for 'Renauld I, Count of Nevers' also link to 'Hugh Capet of France' as father and father-in-law. Can someone clarify relationships?

Andaleen 18:51, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

Image
Does anyone have references for the image now illustrating the article? It's such a stylistic anachronism, it should be dated and located lest anyone think this is somehow a "portrait" of the real Hugh Capet. RodC 22:34, 4 July 2006 (UTC)
 * You're right, the image was completely anachronistic and inaccurate. I removed it. See also Talk:Henry I of France. Hardouin 00:20, 31 July 2006 (UTC)

I have a very old broken album full of cigarette-size cards showing kings of France. Most of these are accompanied by cards with handwritten text (in italian I think). Do you think any of these might be suitable for inclusion in wikipedia pages. If so I will need some advice on how to do this. I am going to try to show you my cards for Hugh Capet in this message. Not sure if this will work though...

Well, after about five attempts I finally understood the process. Unfortunately, I do not know where this album originated from but it has the appearance of being very old indeed and therefore I would think that any copyright has expired. That is not conclusive I know. So, if it is not acceptable I will understand. I should just add that these are not cigarette cards although of that size. They have no printing on the reverse, and although I have reproduced in grey tone, the originals are sepia.
 * Stop removing the picture, whoever it is. It may be anachronism but it's the only thing we have unless someone wants to find a coin from this period.  So since it anachronism to put a picture on this article, is it anachronism to put any picture on the article Jesus since there were never any potrait of Jesus when he was alive? --Queen Elizabeth II's Little Spy (talk) 04:31, 28 February 2010 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of the . Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

Move.-- Hús  ö  nd  23:18, 22 April 2007 (UTC)

Hugh Capet of France → Hugh Capet — Most common name Michael Sanders 22:30, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

 * "Hugh Capet of France" gets 3830 results, "Hugh Capet" gets 61200. "Hugh Capet" is entirely unambiguous, so 'of France' is unnecessary Michael Sanders 22:31, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

 * "Hugh of France" gets 15500. That name would also be more confusing than the commonly known and used 'Hugh Capet'. Michael Sanders 11:17, 20 April 2007 (UTC)

Survey

 * Add  # Support   or   # Oppose   on a new line in the appropriate section followed by a brief explanation, then sign your opinion using ~ .  Please remember that this is not a vote; comments must include reasons to carry weight.

 * Support as nominator. Michael Sanders 22:31, 17 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Support. The current title is not consistent with the rest of the French monarchs anyway, so unless anybody wants "Hugh of France," this is a big improvement. Srnec 03:00, 18 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Support - sensible move to an improved title. TerriersFan 01:56, 20 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Support you rarely see the "of France" part attached. 205.157.110.11 23:06, 20 April 2007 (UTC)

Discussion

 * Add any additional comments:
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the . Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

Etymology of Capet
We should add something about the etymology of Capet - doesn't it simply refer to Hugh's habit of wearing a cape? David.Monniaux (talk) 13:19, 18 August 2009 (UTC)

I would suggest that it means "great headed" or "big head" or merely "Ier", that is the first, or greatest!69.92.23.64 (talk) 02:48, 27 January 2010 (UTC)Ronald L. Hughes

I doubt "Capet" refers to anything particular about Hugh because it was first applied in 1200. I think it *might* have been applied to refer to his being the first (at the head) of his family's continuous line of rulers. But more likely, it refers to the cape of St. Martin at the abbey at Tours, where his grandfather Robert was lay abbot. That cape was a relic which symbolized the ideal Christian soldier.24.5.224.13 (talk) 22:45, 29 March 2014 (UTC)

Ancestors listed improperly
His mother and his father's mother are listed as the same person: Hedwig of Saxony. Only one of them (the mother) matches the linked article in terms of parents and husband. Either the same title is given to two people (possible) in which case that should be clarified and one of the links should be changed so they don't link to the same article. Or one of them (most likely the father's mother) is listed improperly. Seeing as how this is one of the "On this day..." articles for today (3 July), I think it should be corrected. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.58.168.163 (talk) 08:04, 3 July 2010 (UTC)

Death?
I don't see much about how Hugh Capet died.. did I miss it, or is it not known or not included in the article? PutinOnTheRitz (talk) 16:09, 16 March 2016 (UTC)

Consistency
Could we please have a consistent spelling of Reims/Rheims? --Martin Wyatt (talk) 21:33, 4 July 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Hugh Capet


text:
National Electric Drag Racing Association

The National Electric Drag Racing Association (NEDRA) is a Special Chapter of the Electric Auto Association and exists to increase public awareness of electric vehicle (EV) performance. NEDRA has been working to encourage competition and advances in electric vehicle technology since 1997. NEDRA achieves this by organizing and sanctioning safe, silent, and exciting electric vehicle drag racing events. The business is based out of Houston, TX.

About
NEDRA was founded in 1997 by John Wayland and Roderick Wilde. The organization is a coalition of drag racing fans, electric drag racing vehicle owners and drivers, individuals interested in promoting the sport of EV drag racing, EV parts suppliers, EV manufacturers, and other environmentally concerned companies and individuals. Working as a group, NEDRA aims to put excitement into electric vehicle drag racing.

Examples
Examples of NEDRA vehicles are:
 * The Maniac Mazda, a Mazda RX-7 which can achieve 1/4-mile times of under 12 seconds.
 * White Zombie, a converted Datsun 1200 sedan that can win against a Dodge Viper and has a best time of 10.25 seconds for the quarter mile, finishing at 126 mph.

Classification and divisions
NEDRA vehicles are categorized by class and voltage.

The 16 classes are determined by the extent of the vehicle's modification. These comprise Street, Pro-Street, and Modified subclasses for both Production and Converted classes; Extreme Street, Funny Car, and Dragsters; four Motorcycle classes; Concept Vehicles; and two classes for educational projects.

The 14 voltage divisions range from "J" for 24 volts and below, to "A5" for 600 volts and above.

NEDRA records
NEDRA maintains a list of fastest race times for both 1/4- and 1/8-mile ETs in the sanctioned classes on this page.

As of December 2017, the quickest vehicle in the 1/4 mile is the Rocket (motorcycle), with a 6.940 second ET and a trap speed of 201.37 mph set at Virginia Motorsports Park in May 2012. This motorcycle became the first electric vehicle to break 200 mph in the quarter mile. Don Garlits' Swamp Rat has the dragster record, with a 7.274 second ET and a trap speed of 185.6 mph set at Bradenton Motorsport Park in August 2014.

Major events

 * Electric Dragin'
 * Wicked Watts
 * Power of DC
 * NEDRA Nationals (Woodburn)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
RAF Mount Pleasant

RAF Mount Pleasant (also known as Mount Pleasant Airport, Mount Pleasant Complex or MPA) is a Royal Air Force station in the British Overseas Territory of the Falkland Islands. The airfield goes by the motto of "Defend the right" (while the motto of the islands is "Desire the right") and is part of the British Forces South Atlantic Islands (BFSAI). Home to between 1,000 and 2,000 British military personnel, it is about 33 mi southwest of Stanley, the capital of the Falklands, on the island of East Falkland. The world's longest corridor, 800 m long, links the barracks, messes, and recreational and welfare areas of the station, and was nicknamed the "Death Star Corridor" by personnel due to its drab and foreboding ambiente, before it was re-designed, re-painted, and re-named "Millennium Corridor".

Mount Pleasant was opened by Prince Andrew on 12 May 1985, becoming fully operational the following year. The station was constructed as part of British efforts to strengthen the defence of the Falkland Islands following the Falklands War. It remains the newest purpose-built RAF station and replaced previous RAF facilities at Port Stanley Airport.

Falklands War
RAF Mount Pleasant is the newest permanent airfield in the Royal Air Force. The RAF previously had a small airfield at Port Stanley Airport after the end of the hostilities in 1982. During the Falklands War when the islands were occupied by Argentine military forces, British aircraft were sent to disable the runway with RAF Strike Command Vulcan bombers (Operation Black Buck) and Royal Navy Sea Harriers. The first two Black Buck missions were flown under tactics to make it reasonably probable at least one of twenty-one 1,000-pound bombs dropped would hit the target. On the first mission one 1000 lb bomb hit the edge of the runway. The damage was easily repaired by Argentine engineers. C-130 Hercules transport aircraft were able to bring in supplies and take out casualties until the end of the conflict using one side of the runway. Pucará, Fokkers and Aermacchi AM-339 fast-jet fighters also operated from the runway from the first until the last day of the campaign. The second Black Buck mission failed to hit the runway. No Argentine aircraft were moved north to defend Buenos Aires. At the end of hostilities, the runway was fully repaired by British military engineers.

After the surrender of the Argentine ground forces on the islands, the British still faced the problem of potential Argentine air attacks from Argentina, so an aircraft carrier had to remain on station to guard the islands with its squadron of Sea Harriers until the local airfield was prepared for jet aircraft. HMS Hermes (R12) was the first to take guard duty, whilst HMS Invincible (R05) went north to change a main engine at sea. Invincible then returned to relieve Hermes which urgently needed to return to the UK for boiler cleaning. Invincible returned until she was relieved by the newly built HMS Illustrious (R06), which was quickly rushed south and commissioned during the journey. Once the Port Stanley runway was available for jets, Illustrious was relieved by 23 Squadron operating the F-4 Phantom FGR.2. Initially stationed at RAF Stanley, the unit moved to Mount Pleasant upon its opening.

Construction
In order to deter further Argentine aggression or invasion attempts, the British Government considered it necessary to enhance the military presence in the Falklands. However, the temporary military airfield at RAF Stanley was restricted by the length and strength of its runway. Therefore, in June 1983, the British Government announced that a new military airfield would be constructed at Mount Pleasant, the option being considered to be more cost effective and straightforward than upgrading RAF Stanley. It would also allow RAF Stanley to remain operational whilst the new airfield was constructed.

The Ministry of Defence reached a voluntary agreement to purchase 8,300 acre of farmland for £55,000, with severance compensation assessed at £100,000. To allow existing agricultural operations to continue, Mount Pleasant House and other farm facilities were relocated at a cost of £83,877.

The airfield at Mount Pleasant was constructed by Mowlem-Laing Amey Roadstone Construction, a consortium of British civil engineering and construction firms Mowlem, John Laing Group and Amey plc. At the construction stage the airfield was called the Falkland Island Strategic Airfield or FISA and was designed to accommodate military as well as civil wide-body aircraft, enabling efficiencies in the running costs and time taken to support the Falklands garrison. The construction and shipping of materials to the Falklands was expected to cost approximately £190 million. Additional costs included the provision of a road between Stanley and Mount Pleasant and the installation of communication and navigation aids, bringing the overall cost to approximately £215m. Construction began in Autumn 1983 and the new runway was expected to be available for use by April 1985, with the wider airfield complete by February 1986.

RAF Mount Pleasant was opened by Prince Andrew (who saw active duty during the Falklands War while serving in the Fleet Air Arm) on 12 May 1985 and became fully operational on 1 May 1986.

Protecting the Falklands
Mount Pleasant's first flying unit, No. 23 Squadron, equipped with four McDonnell Douglas Phantom FGR.2, arrived from RAF Stanley on 21 April 1986. The Phantoms were joined by No. 78 Squadron on 22 May 1986, which was reformed from the former No. 1310 Flight, operating the Boeing Chinook HC1 and No. 1564 Flight, operating the Westland Sea King HAR3. Later in 1986, two Lockheed C-130 Hercules C1K of No. 1312 Flight, operating in the air-to-air refuelling role, moved to Mount Pleasant to support the Phantoms. Responsibility for the air-defence and of the Falklands and the Phantoms of No. 23 Squadron were transferred to No. 1435 Flight on 1 November 1988. Subsequently, the flight's Phantoms were replaced when four Panavia Tornado F3 arrived in the Falklands in July 1992.

No. 1312 Flight's Hercules C1K were withdrawn in April 1996, with the flight gaining a Vickers VC10 K4 for air-to-air refuelling and C-130 Hercules C3 in the transport role. In September 2009, the Falklands' air-defence capability was enhanced when No. 1435 Flight's Tornado F3s were replaced by the Eurofighter Typhoon FGR4 in the quick reaction alert (QRA) role, at a cost of £1.56 million. To accommodate the Typhoon, a further £416,000 was spent on infrastructure improvements to the airfield. As of 2024, the Tranche 1 variant of the Typhoon is deployed in the islands.

As part of the RAF's wider upgrade of their Hercules, the C3 variant of No. 1312 Flight was replaced with a C-130J C5 in April 2010. A Lockheed TriStar K1 took over the air-to-air refuelling role from the VC10 K4 in October 2013, when the latter was withdrawn from RAF service. The TriStar itself was soon replaced, in February 2014, by an Airbus A330 Voyager KC3.

Chinook helicopters provided heavy-lift support until they were withdrawn in 2006. In 2015, the Chinooks were redeployed to Mount Pleasant. A flight of Westland Sea King helicopters for support and search and rescue was located at Mount Pleasant from November 2007 until April 2016.

Prince William served as a Sea King pilot on the station for six weeks during February and March 2012.

As of 1 April 2016, with the retirement of Westland Sea King the Islands' search and rescue function has been replaced by a commercial organisation, AAR, subcontracting the services to British International Helicopters for 10 years using two new AgustaWestland AW189s.

1312 Flight's Lockheed Martin C-130 Hercules, used for transport, search and rescue, and maritime patrol, was replaced with an Airbus A400M Atlas C1 in April 2018.

Facilities
Mount Pleasant Complex has a wide range of social and sporting facilities including a gym, swimming pool, golf course, diving centre, kart racing, Laser Quest, library, cinema, bowling, climbing wall, and indoor and outdoor sports pitches. As of August 2010, it has the only cricket ground in the Falklands. There are two NAAFI shops, a NAFFI Bar, a Costa Coffee café, hairdressers, a medical centre, and an education centre on the base. BFBS Radio also maintains a live local station on the site. There is also a complex that includes a small shop which is owned and run by the Falkland Islands Company.

Role and operations
The station provides a base for air-defence and transport operations in the south Atlantic and is home to No. 905 Expeditionary Air Wing, part of British Forces South Atlantic Islands. The wing comprises two RAF flights, which operate a range of aircraft:

 * Four Eurofighter Typhoon Tranche 1s are operated by No. 1435 Flight which provides air defence for the Falklands, South Sandwich Islands and South Georgia.
 * No. 1312 Flight operates an Airbus Voyager KC2 which is used for air-to-air refuelling and transportation. The Voyager works alongside an Airbus A400M Atlas C1 providing tactical transport, maritime patrol, search and rescue and humanitarian assistance capabilities.

Additionally, the civilian firm, Bristow Helicopters (BIH), operates two Sikorsky S-92 for personnel and equipment transport and also flies two AgustaWestland AW189s for search and rescue operations.

The British Army maintains a garrison on the Falkland Islands based at Mount Pleasant. It includes a roulement infantry company, an air defence surface-to-air missile unit, an Explosive Ordinance Disposal detachment, engineers and supporting elements.

There is also a Joint Communications Unit (JCU) providing the electronic warfare and command and control systems for the Royal Navy, British Army and Royal Air Force.

Based units
Units based at Mount Pleasant Complex.

Royal Air Force British Army
 * No. 905 Expeditionary Air Wing
 * No. 1312 Flight – 1x Voyager KC2 and 1x A400M Atlas C1
 * No. 1435 Flight – 4x Typhoon Tranche 1
 * Infantry
 * Falkland Islands Roulement Infantry Company
 * Royal Artillery
 * 7th Air Defence Group (Detachment) – Sky Sabre air defence missile system

Royal Navy (Operating from Mare Harbour facilities five miles from the Mount Pleasant complex)

 * HMS Forth (P222) (temporarily replaced in 2023 by HMS Medway (P223) during Forth's refit )

Joint service units

 * Engineering and Logistics Wing
 * Base Support Wing
 * Joint Communications Unit Falkland Islands
 * Joint Service Explosive Ordnance Disposal Unit
 * Joint Services Police and Security Unit
 * Joint Services Signals Unit

Civilian

 * AAR Corp/Bristow Helicopters (formerly British International Helicopters) - 2x Sikorsky S-92 and 2x AgustaWestland AW189

Airlines and destinations
Using the IATA airport code MPN, Mount Pleasant Complex also acts as the Falkland Islands' only international airport, along with its military role. Flights open to civilian passengers are operated twice each week. The Hercules C-130 Transport Force operating out of RAF Lyneham supplied a direct non-stop service from RAF Lyneham via Ascension, Wideawake Airfield. From Ascension the flight was direct involving in-flight refuelling from a C-130 tanker. The flight duration was usually about 12 hours down and 13 hours back. The last scheduled flight in the world involving in-flight refuelling was carried out by a crew of 24 Squadron in C-130 XV291 during the period 18–23 March 1989. This was the 650th and last of its type carried out by RAF Lyneham C-130s. Flights were then operated directly by the RAF using the Lockheed TriStars of 216 Squadron. Starting in autumn 2008, these flights were operated on behalf of the Royal Air Force by a civilian airline, Flyglobespan. Since the airline's bankruptcy in 2009, the flights have been operated by Air Tahiti Nui, Titan Airways, Air Seychelles and Hi Fly. The service is now operated by AirTanker using Airbus Voyager aircraft. Up to 2022, they flew to and from RAF Brize Norton in Oxfordshire, with a refuelling stop at Cape Verde because the runway at RAF Ascension Island was closed. With the opening of one side of the runway at Ascension in 2022, normal flights could resume. Repairs to both sides of the runway at Ascension Island were fully completed in Spring of 2023.

On 2 March 2012, the Argentinian President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner called for Aerolíneas Argentinas flights to Buenos Aires to replace LATAM Airlines flights to Chile. The idea of flights to Argentina was not supported on the islands, because this might result in Argentina having a monopoly on commercial flights and controlling all commercial air access.

On 2 April 2012, Uruguayan company Air Class Líneas Aéreas gained permission from the Uruguayan Ministry of Defence to start a commercial flight to the Falkland Islands.

title: RAF Mount Pleasant


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John Ford (dramatist)

John Ford (1586 – c. 1639) was an English playwright and poet of the Jacobean and Caroline eras born in Ilsington in Devon, England. His plays deal mainly with the conflict between passion and conscience. Although remembered primarily as a playwright, he also wrote a number of poems on themes of love and morality.

Origins
John Ford was baptised 17 April 1586 at Ilsington Church, Devon. He was the second son of Thomas Ford (1556–1610) of Bagtor in the parish of Ilsington, and his wife Elizabeth Popham (died 1629) of the Popham family of Huntworth in Somerset. Her monument exists in Ilsington Church. Thomas Ford's grandfather was John Ford (died 1538) of Ashburton (the son and heir of William Ford of Chagford ) who purchased the estate of Bagtor in the parish of Ilsington, which his male heirs successively made their seat. The Elizabethan mansion of the Fords survives today at Bagtor as the service wing of a later house appended in about 1700.

Life and work
Ford left home to study in London, although more specific details are unclear—a sixteen-year-old John Ford of Devon was admitted to Exeter College, Oxford, on 26 March 1601, but this was when the dramatist had not yet reached his sixteenth birthday. He joined an institution that was a prestigious law school but also a centre of literary and dramatic activity—the Middle Temple. A prominent junior member in 1601 was the playwright John Marston. (It is unknown whether Ford ever actually studied law while a resident of the Middle Temple, or whether he was strictly a gentleman boarder, which was a common arrangement at the time).

It was not until 1606 that Ford wrote his first works for publication. In the spring of that year he was expelled from Middle Temple, due to his financial problems, and Fame's Memorial and Honour Triumphant soon followed. Both works are clear bids for patronage: Fame's Memorial is an elegy of 1169 lines on the recently deceased Charles Blount, 1st Earl of Devonshire, while Honour Triumphant is a prose pamphlet, a verbal fantasia written in connection with the jousts planned for the summer 1606 visit of King Christian IV of Denmark. It is unknown whether either of these brought any financial remuneration to Ford; yet by June 1608 he had enough money to be readmitted to the Middle Temple.

Prior to the start of his career as a playwright, Ford wrote other non-dramatic literary works—the long religious poem Christ's Bloody Sweat (1613), and two prose essays published as pamphlets, The Golden Mean (1613) and A Line of Life (1620). After 1620 he began active dramatic writing, first as a collaborator with more experienced playwrights—primarily Thomas Dekker, but also John Webster and William Rowley—and by the later 1620s as a solo artist.

Ford is best known for the tragedy 'Tis Pity She's a Whore (1633), a family drama with a plot line of incest. The play's title has often been changed in new productions, sometimes being referred to as simply Giovanni and Annabella—the play's leading, incestuous brother-and-sister characters; in a nineteenth-century work it is coyly called The Brother and Sister. Shocking as the play is, it is still widely regarded as a classic piece of English drama. It has been adapted to film at least twice: My Sister, My Love (Sweden, 1966) and 'Tis Pity She's a Whore (Belgium, 1978).

He was a major playwright during the reign of Charles I. His plays deal with conflicts between individual passion and conscience and the laws and morals of society at large; Ford had a strong interest in abnormal psychology that is expressed through his dramas. His plays often show the influence of Robert Burton's The Anatomy of Melancholy. While virtually nothing is known of Ford's personal life, one reference suggests that his interest in melancholia may have been more than merely intellectual. The volume Choice Drollery (1656) asserts that

 * Deep in a dump alone John Ford was gat,
 * With folded arms and melancholy hat.

The canon of Ford's plays
Ford began his dramatic career in a way common in the period, by contributing to plays co-authored with more established dramatists. Six such plays survive:
 * The Laws of Candy (1620; printed 1647), with Philip Massinger;
 * The Witch of Edmonton (1621; printed 1658), with Thomas Dekker and William Rowley;
 * The Welsh Ambassador (1623; printed 1920), with Dekker;
 * The Spanish Gypsy (licensed 9 July 1623; printed 1653), with Dekker, Thomas Middleton, and Rowley;
 * The Sun's Darling (licensed 3 March 1624; revised 1638–39; printed 1656), with Dekker;
 * The Fair Maid of the Inn (1626; printed 1647), with Massinger, John Webster, and John Fletcher.

The attributions of several of these plays to their various authors were often debated or regarded as uncertain. Such questions were placed beyond reasonable doubt in 2017 with the publication of Volume II of The Collected Works of John Ford, ed. Brian Vickers, which contains 300 pages of evidence and discussion clearly identifying each of the above authors' contributions to those six plays. Darren Freebury-Jones has proposed that Ford was responsible for completing The Noble Gentleman after John Fletcher died in 1625.

After 1626 Ford made the transition to sole author and wrote a further eight surviving plays:
 * The Queen (1627; printed 1653)
 * The Lover's Melancholy (licensed 24 November 1628; printed 1629)
 * The Broken Heart (1629; printed 1633)
 * 'Tis Pity She's a Whore (1631; printed 1633)
 * Love's Sacrifice (1632; printed 1633)
 * Perkin Warbeck (1633; printed 1634)
 * The Fancies Chaste and Noble (1636; printed 1638)
 * The Lady's Trial (licensed 3 May 1638; printed 1639)

As is typical for pre-Restoration playwrights, a significant portion of Ford's output has not survived. Lost plays by Ford include The Royal Combat and Beauty in a Trance, plus more collaborations with Dekker: The London Merchant, The Bristol Merchant, The Fairy Knight, and Keep the Widow Waking, the last also with William Rowley and John Webster.

In 1940, critic Alfred Harbage argued that Sir Robert Howard's play The Great Favourite, or The Duke of Lerma is an adaptation of a lost play by Ford. Harbage noted that many previous critics had judged the play suspiciously good, too good for Howard; and Harbage pointed to a range of resemblances between the play and Ford's work. The case, however, relies solely upon internal evidence and subjective judgements.

Poetry
As well as the poems already mentioned, several others have survived. In the 1920s, Australian-born composer John Gough set Ford's "Beauty's Beauty" to music.

title: John Ford (dramatist)


text:
Dwight Gooden

Dwight Eugene Gooden (born November 16, 1964), nicknamed "Dr. K" and "Doc", is an American former professional baseball pitcher who played 16 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB). Gooden pitched from 1984 to 1994 and from 1996 to 2000 for the New York Mets, New York Yankees, Cleveland Indians, Houston Astros, and Tampa Bay Devil Rays. In a career spanning 430 games, he pitched $2,800 2/3$ innings and posted a win–loss record of 194–112, with a 3.51 earned run average (ERA), and 2,293 strikeouts.

Gooden made his MLB debut in 1984 for the Mets and quickly established himself as one of the league's most talented pitchers; as a 19-year-old rookie, he earned the first of four All-Star selections, won the National League (NL) Rookie of the Year Award, and led the league in strikeouts. In 1985, he won the NL Cy Young Award and achieved the pitching Triple Crown, compiling a 24–4 record and a league-leading 1.53 ERA, 268 strikeouts, and 16 complete games. The following season, he helped the Mets win the 1986 World Series.

Gooden remained an effective pitcher in subsequent years, but his career was ultimately derailed by cocaine and alcohol addiction. After posting a losing record in each season from 1992 to 1994, Gooden was suspended for the 1995 season after a positive drug test while serving a prior suspension. As a member of the Yankees in 1996, Gooden pitched a no-hitter and helped the team on its path to a World Series championship. He pitched four additional years for as many teams, but never approached the success of his peak years with the Mets. In 2010, Gooden was inducted into the New York Mets Hall of Fame and on April 14, 2024, Gooden's number 16 was retired by the New York Mets. Gooden's troubles with addiction continued after his retirement from baseball and resulted in several arrests. He was incarcerated for seven months in 2006 after violating the terms of his probation.

Career
Gooden attended Hillsborough High School in Tampa where he was teammates on the school's baseball team with Vance Lovelace. A native of Tampa, Florida, Dwight Gooden was drafted in the first round in 1982, the fifth player taken overall. He spent one season in the minors, in which he led the Class-A Carolina League in wins, strikeouts and ERA while playing for the Lynchburg Mets. Gooden had 300 strikeouts in 191 innings, a performance which convinced Triple-A Tidewater Tides manager and future Mets manager Davey Johnson to bring him up for the Tides' postseason.

1984
Gooden made the rare jump from High-A directly to the major leagues in one year, bypassing Double-A and Triple-A. He made his major-league debut on April 7, 1984, with the New York Mets at the age of 19. He quickly developed a reputation with his 98 mph fastball and sweeping curveball, which was given the superlative nickname of "Lord Charles", in contrast with "Uncle Charlie", a common nickname for a curveball. He was dubbed "Dr. K", in reference to the letter "K" being the standard abbreviation for strikeout, which soon became shortened to "Doc". Gooden soon attracted a rooting section at Shea Stadium that called itself "The K Korner", and would hang up cards with a red "K" after each of his strikeouts.

When he took the mound in the fifth inning on July 10, 1984, Gooden became the youngest player to appear in an All-Star Game. He complemented this distinction by striking out the side, AL batters: Lance Parrish, Chet Lemon, and Alvin Davis. Setting up Gooden, NL Pitcher Fernando Valenzuela had already struck out the side in the fourth, putting down future Hall of Famers Dave Winfield, Reggie Jackson, and George Brett. The two pitchers' combined performance broke an All-Star game record, coincidentally on its celebrated 50th anniversary—Carl Hubbell's five consecutive strikeouts in 1934.

That season, Gooden won 17 games, the most by a 19-year-old since Wally Bunker won 19 games in 1964 and the second most for a Mets rookie, after Jerry Koosman's 19 wins in 1968. Gooden won eight of his last nine starts; in his final three starts of the 1984 season, he had 41 strikeouts and 1 walk. Gooden led the league in strikeouts, his 276 breaking Herb Score's rookie record of 245 in 1955, and also set the record for most strikeouts in three consecutive starts with 43. As a 19-year-old rookie, Gooden set the then-major league record for strikeouts per 9 innings, with 11.39, breaking Sam McDowell's record of 10.71 in 1965. He was voted the Rookie of the Year, giving the Mets two consecutive winners of that award (Darryl Strawberry had been the recipient in 1983). Gooden also became the third Mets pitcher to win the award, joining Tom Seaver (1967) and Jon Matlack (1972). Gooden finished second in the NL Cy Young Award voting, even though he had more NL wins, strikeouts, innings pitched, and a lower ERA than the NL winner, Rick Sutcliffe.

1985
In 1985, Gooden pitched one of the most statistically dominating single seasons in baseball history. Leading Major League Baseball with 24 wins, 268 strikeouts, and a 1.53 ERA (the second-lowest in the live-ball era, trailing only Bob Gibson's 1.12 in 1968) Gooden earned the major leagues' pitching Triple Crown. He led the National League in complete games (16) and innings pitched (276$2⁄3$). From his second start onward, Gooden's ERA never rose above 2.00. At age 20, he was the youngest pitcher of the last half-century to have an ERA+ above 200. Gooden's ERA+ was 229; 23-year-old Dean Chance (200 ERA+ in 1964) was the only other pitcher under the age of 25 to do so. From August 31 through September 16, Gooden threw 31 consecutive scoreless innings over four games, and through October 2, threw 49 consecutive innings over seven games without allowing an earned run. The highest "quality start" percentage for a given season was recorded by Dwight Gooden, who had 33 of them in 35 games in 1985.

In September, he pitched back-to-back nine-inning games allowing no runs, but received no-decisions in both games. In his four losses, Gooden allowed 26 hits and five walks in 28 innings, with 28 strikeouts and a 2.89 ERA. The Mets finished second in the 1985 NL East, and teammates jokingly blamed Gooden for having lost 4 games, thereby mathematically costing them the division title. That year, Gooden became one of only 15 black pitchers ever to win 20 games, the most recent of whom was David Price. Gooden became the youngest-ever recipient of the Cy Young Award and Pitcher of the Year Award. There was even media speculation about Gooden's Hall of Fame prospects. That November, Gooden turned 21.

Travelers descending the steps of the side entrance to Manhattan's Pennsylvania Station were greeted by an enormous photograph of Gooden in mid-motion that recorded his season's strikeout totals as the year progressed. Likewise, those strolling the streets of Manhattan's West Side could gaze up at a 102 feet tall Sports Illustrated mural of Gooden painted on the side of a building at 351 West 42nd Street in Times Square, whose caption asked "How does it feel to look down the barrel of a loaded gun?" In a span of 50 starts from August 11, 1984, to May 6, 1986, Gooden posted a record of 37–5 with a 1.38 ERA; he had 412 strikeouts and 90 walks in 406 innings.

1986
In 1986, he compiled a 17–6 record. Gooden's 200 strikeouts were fifth in the National League, but more than a hundred behind the league leader, Mike Scott of the Houston Astros and a tremendous decrease from his first two seasons. As the 1986 season progressed, Gooden noticed that his fastball, which had been consistently in the mid-90s, had lost just a bit of its zip. “That impossible-to-track, impossible-to-time movement deserted me in 1986, and never returned,” he said. Gooden had compiled a strikeouts per nine innings pitched of 10.05 for this first two seasons. He would finish with a Strikeouts per nine innings of just 5.91 for the rest of his career.

In another All-Star record pertaining to youth, in 1986 Gooden became the youngest pitcher to start an All-Star Game at 21 years, 246 days of age. Gooden was the Mets ace going into the playoffs, and his postseason started promisingly. He lost a 1–0 duel with Scott in the NLCS opener, then got a no-decision in Game 5, pitching 10 innings of one-run ball. He was substantially worse in the World Series against the Boston Red Sox, not getting past the 5th inning in either of his two starts. Nevertheless, the Mets won four of the five non-Gooden starts and the championship. In an early red flag, Gooden failed to attend the team's victory parade (he would admit after his retirement that during the parade he had been using drugs at his dealer's apartment).

Early drug problems and injuries
Gooden was arrested on December 13, 1986, in Tampa, Florida after being assaulted by police. A report clearing police of misconduct in the arrest helped start the Tampa riots of 1987. Rumors of substance abuse began to arise, which were confirmed when Gooden tested positive for cocaine during spring training in 1987. He entered a rehabilitation center on April 1, 1987, to avoid being suspended and did not make his first start of the season until June 5. Despite missing a third of the season, Gooden won 15 games for the 1987 Mets. In 1988, he was profiled in the William Goldman and Mike Lupica book Wait Till Next Year, which looked at the impact Gooden's drug use and enforced missed games had on the Mets over the 1987 season.

1988
In 1988, Gooden recorded an 18–9 record as the Mets returned to the postseason. In the first game of the NLCS against the Los Angeles Dodgers, Gooden was matched against Orel Hershiser, who had just finished the regular season with a 59-inning scoreless streak. Gooden pitched well, allowing just 4 hits and recording 10 strikeouts, but left after seven innings trailing 2–0. In his next start in Game 4, Gooden entered the ninth inning with a 4–2 lead and the chance to give his Mets a commanding 3–1 advantage in the series. But he allowed a game-tying home run to Mike Scioscia, and the Dodgers eventually went on to win the game in 12 innings, and ultimately the series as well, 4 games to 3.

1989–91
Gooden suffered a shoulder injury in 1989, which limited him to just 17 starts, during which he posted a 9–4 record. He rebounded in 1990, posting a 19–7 season with 223 strikeouts, second only to teammate David Cone's 233. However, after another injury in 1991, Gooden's career declined significantly. Though drug abuse is commonly blamed for Gooden's pitching troubles, some analysts point to his early workload. It has been estimated that Gooden threw over 10,800 pitches from 1983 to 1985, a period in which he was 18 to 20 years old. Gooden hurled 276 innings in his historic 1985 season; as of the end of the 2017 season, only two subsequent pitchers have thrown that many innings (Charlie Hough, a knuckleballer, and Roger Clemens, both in 1987). By the time he reached his 21st birthday, Gooden had already accumulated 928 strikeouts between the minor and major leagues.

On August 9, 1990, Phillies pitcher Pat Combs struck Gooden in the knee with the first pitch of the bottom of the fifth inning. Gooden, seeing the pitch as retaliation for him having hit two Phillies batters, charged the mound, setting off a bench-clearing brawl. Gooden was one of six players ejected.

Gooden was accused of rape along with teammates Vince Coleman and Daryl Boston in 1991; however, authorities questioned the alleged victim and found insufficient evidence to charge anyone.

1992–95
1992 was Gooden's first-ever losing season (10–13); it was also the first time he had lost as many as 10 decisions. 1993 was no improvement, as Gooden finished 12–15. During the 1993 season, Sports Illustrated ran a cover story on Gooden entitled, "From Phenom to Phantom."

During the strike-shortened 1994 season at age 29, Gooden had a 3–4 record with a 6.31 ERA when he tested positive for cocaine use and was suspended for 60 days. He tested positive again while serving the suspension, and was further suspended for the entire 1995 season. The day after receiving the second suspension, Gooden's wife, Monica, found him in his bedroom with a loaded gun to his head.

In July 1995, the famous longstanding Dwight Gooden Times Square mural was replaced with a Charles Oakley mural. The Dwight Gooden mural was a part of the NYC landscape for over ten years.

Kirk Radomski, the New York Mets clubhouse attendant whose allegations are at the base of the Mitchell Report later claimed that he took two urine tests for Gooden during the 1990s. Gooden denies the allegations.

1996–2000: New York Yankees and three other teams
Gooden signed with the New York Yankees in 1996 as a free agent. After pitching poorly in April and nearly getting released, he was sent down to the minors where he worked on his mechanics and soon returned with a shortened wind-up. He no-hit the Seattle Mariners 2–0 at Yankee Stadium on May 14; the no-hitter was the first by a Yankee right-hander since Don Larsen's perfect game in the 1956 World Series, and the first by a Yankee right-hander during the regular season since Allie Reynolds' second no-hitter in 1951. He ended the 1996 season at 11–7, his first winning record since 1991, and showed flashes of his early form, going 10–2 with a 3.09 ERA from April 27 through August 12. He proved to be a valuable asset for the Yankees that season as David Cone was out until early September with an aneurysm in his shoulder.

Gooden was left off the 1996 postseason roster due to injury and fatigue. In 1997, he posted a respectable 9–5 record with a 4.91 ERA. He had one start for the Yankees in the 1997 ALDS against the Cleveland Indians; coincidentally, he again faced his 1988 postseason nemesis Orel Hershiser. Gooden left Game 4 during the sixth inning with a 2–1 lead, but the Yankee bullpen faltered in the 8th, and Gooden was left with the no-decision.

Gooden then signed with the Cleveland Indians and enjoyed moderate success in 1998, going 8–6 with a 3.76 ERA. He started two games in the 1998 post-season, getting a no-decision against the Boston Red Sox and a loss to his former team, the Yankees. He remained with the Indians in 1999 but did not match his respectable numbers from the previous year, going 3–4 with a 6.26 ERA.

In 1999, Gooden released an autobiography titled Heat, in which he discussed his struggles with alcohol and cocaine abuse.

Gooden began the 2000 season with two sub-par stints with the Houston Astros and Tampa Bay Devil Rays but found himself back with the Yankees mid-season. He would go on to have a respectable second stint with the Yankees, going 4–2 with a 3.36 ERA as a spot starter and long reliever, including a win against his former team, the Mets, on July 8 in the regular-season Subway series. He made one relief appearance in each of the first two rounds of the playoffs, both times with the Yankees trailing. Gooden did not pitch in the 2000 World Series against the Mets, though 2000 would be the third time Gooden received a World Series ring in his career.

Postseason career
Gooden failed to win a postseason game, going 0–4 in the course of nine postseason starts over eight series. In the 1986 National League Championship Series, however, he had an earned run average of only 1.06 after starting two games and allowing just two earned runs in 17 innings pitched.

Batting and fielding
For a pitcher, Gooden was an above average hitter, posting a .196 batting average (145-for-741) with 60 runs, 15 doubles, 5 triples, 8 home runs, 67 RBI and 14 bases on balls. He recorded a .950 fielding percentage, which was five points lower than the league average at his position.

Retirement

Gooden retired in 2001 after he was cut by the Yankees in spring training, ending his career with a record of 194–112. More than half of those wins came before age 25.

Gooden appeared on the 2006 Baseball Hall of Fame ballot. He was named on only 17, or 3.3 percent, of the 520 voting writers' ballots, and, having been named on less than 5 percent of the total ballots, was removed from future HOF consideration.

After retiring, Gooden took a job in the Yankees' front office. He acted as the go-between man during free agent contract negotiations between his nephew, Gary Sheffield, and the Yankees prior to the 2004 season. In July 2009 he was hired as a vice president of community relations for Atlantic League's Newark Bears. He left the post in November of the same year.

Gooden appeared at the Shea Stadium final celebration on September 28, 2008, the first time he had appeared at Shea Stadium since 2000. On April 13, 2009, he made an appearance at the newly opened Citi Field. Gooden spontaneously signed his name to a wall on the inside of the stadium. The Mets initially indicated that they would remove the signature, but soon decided instead to move the part of the wall with Gooden's writing to a different area of the stadium and acquire additional signatures from other popular ex-players. On August 1, 2010, he was officially inducted into the Mets Hall of Fame along with Darryl Strawberry, Frank Cashen, and Davey Johnson. He also threw out the ceremonial first pitch on the same day to Gary Carter.

VH1 Network announced June 11, 2011, that he would be a patient in VH1's fifth season of the reality show Celebrity Rehab with Dr. Drew.

Gooden's number 16 was retired by the Mets on April 14, 2024.

Legal troubles
In December 1986, Gooden was arrested in Tampa alongside nephew Gary Sheffield and former high school teammate Vance Lovelace after police stopped his Chevrolet Corvette. He was charged with resisting arrest with violence, battery on a police officer and disorderly conduct. He pleaded no contest in January 1987 and was sentenced to three years probation and 160 hours of community service.

On February 20, 2002, Gooden was arrested in Tampa and charged with driving while intoxicated, having an open container of alcohol in his vehicle, and driving with a suspended license. He was arrested again in January 2003 for driving with a suspended license. On March 12, 2005, Gooden was again arrested in Tampa for punching his girlfriend after she threw a telephone at his head. He was released two days later on a misdemeanor battery charge.

On August 23, 2005, Gooden drove away from a traffic stop in Tampa after being pulled over for driving erratically. He gave the officer his driver's license, twice refused to leave his car, and then drove away. The officer remarked in his report that Gooden's eyes were glassy and bloodshot, his speech was slurred, and a "strong" odor of alcohol was present on him. Three days after the traffic stop, Gooden turned himself in to police.

Gooden was again arrested in March 2006 for violating his probation, after he arrived high on cocaine at a scheduled meeting with his probation officer, David R. Stec. He chose prison over extended probation, perhaps in the hope that incarceration would separate him from the temptations of his addiction. He entered prison on April 17, 2006. On May 31, Gooden said in an interview from prison, "I can't come back here ... I'd rather get shot than come back here ... If I don't get the message this time, I never will." Gooden was released from prison November 9, 2006, after nearly seven months' incarceration and was not placed on further probation.

On the morning of March 24, 2010, Gooden was arrested in Franklin Lakes, New Jersey, near his home there, after leaving the scene of a traffic accident, having been located nearby and found to be under the influence of an undisclosed controlled substance. He was charged with DWI with a child passenger, leaving the scene of an accident, and other motor vehicle violations. Gooden was also charged with endangering the welfare of a child because a child was with him at the time of the accident. He later pleaded guilty to child endangerment, received five years' probation, and was ordered to undergo outpatient drug treatment.

Gooden was arrested for cocaine possession in Holmdel Township, New Jersey on June 7, 2019. Gooden had been stopped by police for driving too slowly and having illegally tinted windows when they discovered two baggies suspected of containing cocaine. Gooden was charged with possession of a controlled substance, possession of drug paraphernalia and driving under the influence and faced up to five years in prison if convicted. He pleaded guilty to one charge of possessing cocaine in August and was sentenced to a year probation in November 2020.

Yet another arrest for driving while intoxicated occurred on July 22, 2019, this time in Newark, New Jersey. Gooden had been due in court to answer for the cocaine possession arrest in June the day after his arrest in July.

In popular culture
American rock band the Mountain Goats released a song entitled "Doc Gooden" on their 2019 album In League with Dragons. The lyrics, written by John Darnielle, include references to life as a baseball player.

American rapper Action Bronson mentioned Gooden in his 2015 song "Baby Blue".

The baseball video game MLB Power Pros uses Gooden's Dr. K nickname as the name for an ability that makes pitchers pitch well with two strikes.

title: Dwight Gooden