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User talk:Gboy~enwiki

Hi, welcome to wikipedia! Koyaanis Qatsi 04:14 9 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * Thanx! I will enjoy staying here! --Gboy 04:15 9 Jul 2003 (UTC)

-- Hi, welcome! I don't visit these pages very often anymore as I no longer have much (if any) time left-over after work and personal life demands. Cheers, Sfmontyo 03:55 14 Jul 2003 (UTC)

- Greetings! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you haven't already done so, please carefully read the following pages: You can sign your name with ~ (or just to leave out the date stamp). If you have questions or doubts of any sort first see the help pages, then do not hesitate to post them on the Village Pump and somebody will respond ASAP. Have fun! --kt2 05:16, 1 Oct 2003 (UTC)
 * Welcome, newcomers
 * How to edit a page
 * Manual of Style
 * Naming conventions
 * Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (Chinese)

 * Thank you, Ktsquare. I had been working at Chinese Wikipedia for several months, where I translated a lot of gay-related articles. I will enjoy myself here too! Thanks again! --Gboy 05:28, 1 Oct 2003 (UTC)

 * Mostly, I (unlike IMDB) just like lists to be chronological! But the best improvement of J. P. Pitoc would be a picture (shirtless, naturally....) -- Outerlimits 06:33, 3 Oct 2003 (UTC)

Tell me what you think: Jesse Dirkhising  Adam 15:56, 9 Oct 2003 (UTC)

 * Sounds little anti-gay for me. I don't know exactly what was going on about that case in U.S., but reading that article really makes me feel that Matthew Shepard's case should not be paid so general attention to, while Jesse Dirkhising's should. The topic focuses lots of its part on discussing the reason the media became silent, implying that (for me, the way it narrates and the quotation it cites...) people was overreacted to Mattew's case, but the Jesse's death should also be focused (because the murderers were two homosexual). --ILovEJPPitoC 16:31, 9 Oct 2003 (UTC)

Hey, it seems you have said that you will add something about homosexuals in China (modern and ancient) in the Chinese Wikipedia. I am still waiting for that.:P wshun 05:48, 22 Oct 2003 (UTC)

Sure, I'll take a look at the history of homosexuality page.

If you have AIM or Yahoo, say hi to me. My SN is voyager640 there as well.

Voyager640 11:37, 3 Nov 2003 (UTC)

I don't have any idea on that subject. Just don't be so "western-centric" on this subject, even most data come from there. :P -wshun 05:09, 7 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * western-centric? i am just planning to write something about Homosexuality in China, not in the western countries. i got a lot of information about that online, but don't know how to organize them. and my english is poor, so you have to improve that... :) --FallingInLoveWithPitoc 05:14, 7 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * Sorry! A bit misunderstanding maybe :) wshun 06:12, 7 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Gboy, why are you marking all changes to ieopera minor? How to edit a page gives guidelines on which changes should be minor... -- Pakaran 05:31, 8 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * Does that matter? I set that as default in my preferences. all my edit would be minor. --FallingInLoveWithPitoc 05:48, 8 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * Read the page I linked above - it is bad etiquette to use only minor edits. -- Pakaran 05:59, 8 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * Okay, I will pay more attetion to that, thanks! (i mark all my edit as minor because i always consider my edit to be only an unimportant improvement, and that's because i seldom creat a new page, but just amend other's articles.) --FallingInLoveWithPitoc 06:15, 8 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Do you mean this: MPAA film rating system? I'm not quite sure...try the Reference desk is this is not it. --Jiang

I'm not familiar with the terms but a google search suggests the title is "Bishop". --Jiang

Second skin titles
''Hi, sorry to dump all this on your page, but I wasn't sure where else to put it and the village pump was 110kb! Feel free to move or delete it as appropriate. Angela''

How should I deal with these two articles: Second Skin && Second skin, the content are different, but the titles are alike! :O --FallingInLoveWithPitoc 03:01, 8 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * It's fine, since both link to each other, but you may want to put some sort of See also thing on Second skin up the top of Second skin. Dysprosia 03:03, 8 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * Parallels exist, e.g., Quantum Leap & Quantum leap. Dysprosia is probably referring to the disambiguation block at the bottom of that page, which can redirect the reader if they get to the wrong page. --Menchi 03:05, 8 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * No, I'm thinking of something along the lines of John Neumann and John von Neumann :) Maybe try this? Dysprosia 03:09, 8 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * Do I need to creat a disambiguation page? I mean the movie Second Skin can be written like Second skin too! :O --FallingInLoveWithPitoc 03:08, 8 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * A block is enough. It's impossible tell if one should create [Second Skin (disambiguation)] or [Second skin (disambiguation)] anyway. --Menchi 03:13, 8 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Hi - thanks for your kind words about my maps, and sorry it's taken so long for me to reply. To answer your question about what I'm doing for maps where the country is too small, I've tried using two maps - a close-in map showing the country, and then a world map showing where the close-in map is focused. For some (random) examples, there's Albania, Guyana, Bermuda, or Cambodia. I'm slowly going through all countries alphabetically adding maps - I'm up to about Italy now. When I've finished that, I may try some maps for smaller territories, like Brazilian states or Chinese provinces. Anyway, thanks for your comments. :) - Vardion 11:24, 15 Nov 2003 (UTC)

- I'm voyager640 on there. Voyager640 08:22, 18 Nov 2003 (UTC)
 * You never seem to be on yahoo. Am I just missing you?

Yacht? I thought you were someone new!

Use surnames, always. --Jiang

No, that would require too much work. We write it in regular form for just about all out lists. (e.g. List_of_architects) the surname should be clear enough. --Jiang 04:00, 24 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Saying hello. It looks like you've done some great work under the wikiname Gboy.Hyacinth 05:09, 19 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Conflicted licensing on image File:IEopera.jpg
The above noted image or media file appears to have conflicted licensing. As an image cannot be both 'free' and 'unfree', a check of the exact status of this media/image concerned is advised.Sfan00 IMG (talk) 14:10, 11 January 2010 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Gboy. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Gboy~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 00:01, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 13:11, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Gboy~enwiki


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Moda Center

Moda Center, formerly known as the Rose Garden, is the primary indoor sports arena in Portland, Oregon, United States. It is used for basketball, ice hockey, rodeos, circuses, conventions, ice shows, concerts, and dramatic productions. The arena has a capacity of 19,393 spectators when configured for basketball. It is equipped with state-of-the-art acoustics and other amenities.

The arena is owned by Vulcan Inc., a holding company owned by the estate of Paul Allen. The primary tenant is the Portland Trail Blazers NBA franchise, also owned by Allen's estate. The other major tenant of the building was the major junior hockey franchise Portland Winterhawks of the Western Hockey League, which used to split its schedule with the Memorial Coliseum next door. In addition to the Blazers and Winterhawks, several other professional sports franchises, and the Portland State University men's basketball team, either currently play home games in Moda Center, or have done so in the past. In addition, Moda Center is a popular venue for concerts and other artistic productions.

Construction began in 1993, and the arena opened on October 12, 1995. The arena cost US$262 million to build; construction was financed with funds obtained by a variety of sources, including the City of Portland, Allen's personal fortune, and $155 million in bonds issued by a consortium of mutual funds and insurance companies. These bonds would become the subject of an acrimonious 2004 bankruptcy in which the Oregon Arena Corporation, the holding company which owned the arena at the time, would forfeit title to the arena in lieu of repaying the bonds per the payment terms. Allen would later repurchase the arena from the creditors in 2007.

Description
Moda Center is a multipurpose arena which is suitable for numerous indoor sports, including basketball, ice hockey, arena football, and lacrosse, as well as for hosting other events such as concerts, conventions, and circuses. The arena is located in a sports and entertainment district known as the Rose Quarter, a parcel of land in inner northeast Portland which also includes the Memorial Coliseum arena, as well as several parking structures, restaurants, and other amenities.

Name
The original name of the facility was "Rose Garden"; however, the arena was also commonly known as the "Rose Garden Arena" to disambiguate it from the International Rose Test Garden, also located in Portland. The name was chosen both to reflect Portland's reputation as the Rose City, and to reflect the importance to basketball heritage of Boston Garden and Madison Square Garden arenas in Boston and New York City, respectively. When the name was selected, the remainder of the former coliseum grounds were given the name "Rose Quarter".

In 2007, the Trail Blazers and Vulcan announced that they were seeking a corporate partner to grant naming rights for the facility, with the goal of a new name being available for the Blazers' 2008–09 season. In August 2013, the Trail Blazers announced a 10-year deal with Moda Health, an Oregon-based health insurance provider, to rename the arena Moda Center.

The renaming spurred a public outcry and petition by fans and Portlanders who preferred the old name. Portland mayor Charlie Hales initially expressed concern about the name, calling it a "head scratcher".

Structure and architecture
Moda Center is a precast concrete-framed structure with a roof made up of skeletal steel. The arena structure encloses a total of over 785000 sqft, on eight levels, five of which are open to the public. The building height is 140 ft, from the event floor to the pinnacle of the saddle-shaped roof. The arena includes a 60 x permanent stage, and a 200 x ice rink.

The building is composed of over 48000 cuyd of concrete, and over 9700 ST of steel. The exterior is composed of over 29000 sqft of glass, 17500 sqft of plaster, 52000 sqft of architectural precast, 39000 sqft of insulation, and 13654 sqft of steel louvers.

The building, designed by architecture firm Ellerbe Becket, has been criticized by some in Portland's architectural community. A survey of local architects and planners was conducted by the Portland Tribune, and subsequently Moda Center was listed among the five ugliest buildings in the city.

Seating
The arena has a total of over 14,000 permanent seats arranged in two bowls. An additional 1540 permanent seats are found in the arena's 70 skyboxes. Over 4,200 portable seats may or may not be installed, depending on the arena's configuration. When configured for basketball, the arena has a capacity of 19,393, and can accommodate a total of up to 20,796 patrons with standing room. Prior to the 1998 NBA season the capacity was reduced to 19,980 from the original 21,485 spectators. When configured for hockey or lacrosse, capacity decreases to 17,544. The arena supports numerous other configurations for events such as concerts, monster trucks, and circuses. The seating below the suites, known as the lower bowl, is further divided into the 100 and 200 levels. The upper bowl seats, above the suites, are the 300 level.

Skyboxes and suites
The arena features 70 Suites and 8 Skyboxes each with a seating capacity of 22 guests. Suites include amenities such as a wet bar, catering, a private restroom, multiple television monitors, and a sound system. Suites may be rented on a yearly or single-event basis; yearly renters of suites are given access to all Moda Center events. The arena also features modular party suites, which can be configured either as a pair of 44-person Super Suites, or as one 88-person mega suite.

Theater of the Clouds
For smaller, more intimate events, Moda Center can be placed into a configuration known as the "Theater of the Clouds". This configuration, part of a trend of large arenas having smaller theater configurations, places the stage at center court, and utilizes the western side of the arena. Custom floor-to-ceiling theater curtains are draped at the edges of the seating area, creating a more intimate setting. As of 2004, on average 10 events per year have been held in the Theater of the Clouds configuration. The Theater of the Clouds configuration seats 6,500, with 16 of the 70 luxury boxes being usable.

Amenities
Two concourses, the 100 level and the 300 level, are open to the ticket-buying public during events; the 100 level concourse provides access to the lower bowl (including the 200-level seats); the 300-level concourse provides access to the upper bowl. A third concourse, the 200 level, provides access to guest services such as a sports bar, a barbecue grill, an executive banquet facility, and several outdoor terraces. A fourth concourse, known as Suite Level, provides access to the skyboxes and is restricted to patrons who have skybox admission. All concourses provide a variety of concession stands. The arena also features 32 public restrooms; women's toilets outnumber men's toilets 3 to 1. There are Wi-Fi hotspots throughout the arena. The concourses are decorated with historical memorabilia.

The primary scoreboard is a Mitsubishi-manufactured HD video scoreboard. This scoreboard, which hangs from the ceiling over center court, features four 15 feet by 22.5 feet (4.5 m by 6.75 m) video screens, among the biggest in the NBA. The arena also features over 650 television monitors placed throughout, showing the action on court. Auxiliary scoreboards located both in the arena itself and the concourses provide statistical information, including "hustle" statistics for basketball (rebounds, blocked shots, and steals). Three media towers, one at each main entrance, provide video of other games in the NBA.

Acoustics
A unique feature found in no other multi-purpose arena is known as the "acoustical cloud". The acoustical cloud is a set of 160 rotating acoustic panels suspended from the Moda Center ceiling, intended to recreate the roar of noise that made the old Memorial Coliseum one of the loudest buildings in the NBA. One side of each 10 feet by 10 feet (3 m by 3 m) panel reflects sound, while the other side absorbs sound. Each panel is shaped like an airplane wing, and is 8 inches (20 cm) thick at the center and 4 inches (10 cm) thick at the edges. The effect during Blazers games is to absorb the noise from the upper levels and reflect it back down to the court.

The panels permit the acoustics of the arena to be adjusted according to the requirements of the event. For smaller events in which only the lower bowl of the arena is used, the panels can be lowered to further improve the sound and increase the intimacy of the arena. The acoustical cloud cost US$2 million to design and install. The arena is also equipped with a JBL sound system. The acoustics of Moda Center have been widely praised compared to similar venues.

Ownership and management
Moda Center is currently owned by Vulcan Sports and Entertainment, a holding company owned by the Estate of Paul Allen which manages Allen's various sports-related properties. Management and operation of Moda Center, along with other Rose Quarter facilities, is contracted out to Global Spectrum, Global Spectrum employs more than 75 full-time and 700 part-time employees at Moda Center. Mike Scanlon is the current general manager of the arena. Global Spectrum was first hired by arena creditors to operate the facility after Allen lost possession of the arena in a bankruptcy proceeding; Allen has subsequently repurchased the arena from creditors. Prior to the bankruptcy, Oregon Arena Corporation operated the arena directly; Global Spectrum has been widely praised for increasing the financial performance of the facility.

Tenants
The arena's current primary tenant is the Portland Trail Blazers of the NBA. Both the Trail Blazers and Moda Center are ultimately owned by the estate of Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen, which also owns the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League. The head of the estate is his sister Jody Allen. The Trail Blazers have a lease agreement with Moda Health which runs through 2025, and an exclusive site agreement with the City of Portland requires the team to remain in Portland through 2023.

It was home to the Portland Winterhawks of the Western Hockey League, a Canadian-based junior hockey league. Both the Trail Blazers and Winterhawks previously played in the Memorial Coliseum and moved to the arena when it was completed in 1995. However, the Winterhawks played home games in both facilities during the season. Moda Center and Winterhawks hold the Western Hockey League's record for single game attendance with a crowd of 14,103 on March 15, 1997, in which Portland tied the visiting Seattle Thunderbirds, 6–6. Prior to the start of the 2021-22 WHL season, the Winterhawks announced they will be moving back to Veterans Memorial Coliseum full-time.

The arena was also built to accommodate an NHL franchise and there has been speculation over the years about Portland landing an NHL team; however this has not occurred. A former third tenant was the Portland Lumberjax of the National Lacrosse League, who played four seasons in the arena prior to disbanding.

The arena has hosted numerous other minor league sports teams as well. In 1997, an AFL team landed in Portland from Memphis as the Portland Forest Dragons. Two seasons later, they relocated to Oklahoma City. The arena started hosting another AFL team, the Portland Steel (originally called the Portland Thunder), from 2014 until it disbanded in 2016. From 2000 through 2002, the facility hosted the now-defunct Portland Fire of the WNBA. In the past, the Portland State Vikings men's basketball team has played home games in the arena; currently, the team plays its home games at Viking Pavilion on the PSU campus.

History
In the early 1980s, as the National Basketball Association increased in popularity, it became apparent that the 12,888-seat Memorial Coliseum, which was the home of the Portland Trail Blazers at the time, was no longer an adequate NBA facility. The Trail Blazers had sold out every home game since April 5, 1977. In 1988, the team was purchased by Paul Allen and made appearances in the NBA Finals in 1990 and 1992. Allen soon expressed a desire to build a new arena for his team, and in 1991 chartered the Oregon Arena Corporation, a private corporation with Allen as the sole shareholder, to build and operate a new facility. The team soon made an agreement with the City of Portland to build a new multi-purpose arena on the Coliseum's parking lot.

A major factor in the choice of the site for the new arena was its close proximity to transit, with MAX Light Rail and bus service at TriMet's Coliseum Transit Center (later renamed Rose Quarter Transit Center) being adjacent to the site. In July 1995, the Portland Business Journal quoted the Trail Blazers' then-president Marshall Glickman as saying, "There is no doubt that transit made it possible for us to build here. The thing that burns everyone in terms of financing big projects like this is parking. The fact that we have a [light rail] stop outside our front door, and the potential for what we'll get with the south/north line made this the only place for us to build." (The "south/north" MAX line referred to was a then-planned line from Clackamas Town Center to Vancouver via downtown Portland, which was canceled in 1996, but partially revived several years later, with the MAX Yellow Line connecting Moda Center with areas to the north.)

Financing
The financing of the construction of the facility was widely hailed at the time as a good example of public-private partnership; most of the costs were borne by Allen and/or Allen-owned companies, rather than by taxpayers. The bulk of the $262 million construction costs were funded by a $155 million loan from a consortium of lenders led by pension fund TIAA-CREF. As Allen was unwilling to guarantee the loan with his personal finances, the lenders demanded an interest rate of 8.99%, with no opportunity for prepayment. Other major creditors included Prudential Insurance, and Farmers Insurance.

The remainder of funds came from the City of Portland ($34.5 million), Allen himself ($46 million), with the final $10 million coming from a bond backed by box office and parking revenues. In addition, the City transferred to Allen the underlying land. The city maintains ownership of the Memorial Coliseum and the adjacent parking garages, but the right to manage these was also transferred to Allen. In exchange, Allen signed an exclusive site agreement with the city requiring the Trail Blazers to play all home games in Portland for 30 years The City of Portland hoped that the building of the arena would lead to other renovation or development in the Rose Quarter district, but as of 2021 this has yet to materialize.

Construction and opening
Ground on the arena was broken in 1993, and the arena opened on October 12, 1995. The project included the largest construction and demolition recycling program in the U.S. up to that time, in which 32700 t of construction waste and 308400 t of dirt were recycled, saving OAC over $127,000. This effort later won the project an environmental award from the city.

The first concert held in the arena was held two weeks after opening, when David Bowie performed on October 25, with Nine Inch Nails opening. The first regular-season game to be played at the facility was the Trail Blazers hosting the then-Vancouver Grizzlies on November 3, 1995, a 92–80 defeat for the home team. The arena was originally capable of seating 20,340 spectators for NBA basketball. Its capacity has since been reduced to 19,393 by subsequent modifications. At the time of its construction, the arena was a state-of-the-art facility. Although more recent NBA arenas have surpassed Moda Center in amenities, it still is well regarded as a facility. A 2005 survey by USA Today ranked the facility in the middle of the pack among the 29 NBA arenas; factors unrelated to the venue itself (such as ticket prices and entertainment offerings) are considered in the rankings.

Soon after the arena opened, it was the subject of several lawsuits seeking to enforce the Americans with Disabilities Act. One lawsuit (United States v. Ellerbe Becket, Inc.) was filed by the United States Department of Justice against architect Ellerbe-Becket; another (Independent Living Resources v. Oregon Arena Corporation) was filed by a disabled advocacy group against OAC. Both lawsuits alleged that Moda Center (and other facilities designed by Ellerbe Becket) did not provide adequate seating for patrons using wheelchairs, and that the line-of-sight of patrons in wheelchairs was frequently obstructed by standing spectators. The first case was settled with a consent decree, wherein Ellerbe Becket agreed to design future projects in compliance with the ADA; the lawsuit against Oregon Arena Corp was resolved in 1998 when OAC agreed to install over one hundred elevated seats permitting wheelchair-using patrons to see over standing spectators in front.

Oregon Arena Corporation bankruptcy
Claiming the local economy was responsible for reduced revenues which made it unable to make payments on the loans used to finance construction, the Oregon Arena Corporation filed for bankruptcy on February 27, 2004. After negotiations concurrent with the bankruptcy failed to produce a settlement, the United States Bankruptcy Court ordered on November 8 of that year that the Oregon Arena Corporation transfer the facility to the creditors. A new corporation owned by the creditors, Portland Arena Management (PAM) took over operation of the arena. PAM in turn hired Global Spectrum to operate the arena. For several years, the Trail Blazers (still owned by Allen) and the Portland Arena Management had a highly hostile relationship, with the two entities competing for ticket sales.

The team made numerous complaints about a "broken economic model", and there was much speculation that the Trail Blazers might leave. The team was put up for sale in the summer of 2006, only to be taken off the market again several months later. Speculation intensified as to what would happen, and the team and Paul Allen were roundly criticized in the media. Despite the criticism and the team's poor finances the team insisted that bankruptcy was the right move.

Early in 2007, Allen and the creditors reached an agreement for Allen to repurchase the arena, and the team and the building were united under common ownership once more. After much speculation that Allen would hire Anschutz Entertainment Group (AEG) to replace Global Spectrum, arena management elected to extend Global Spectrum's management contract by one year in the summer of 2007. In September 2007, Global Spectrum announced that the arena would undergo $13 million in renovations.

Notable events

While Moda Center has never hosted the NBA Finals (Portland's last appearance in the Finals was in 1992, three years before the arena opened), it has hosted three NBA Western Conference Finals series: in 1999 vs. the San Antonio Spurs; in 2000 vs. the Los Angeles Lakers; and in 2019 vs. the Golden State Warriors. One NBA-related event Moda Center—and for that matter, the Trail Blazers franchise—has never hosted is the NBA All-Star Game. The Trail Blazers are one of several franchises to never host an All-Star game; the Blazers' All-Star drought of 42 years is second only to the Boston Celtics, who last hosted the game in 1964. According to the Oregon Sports Authority, the main issue is hotel space close to the arena; the city of Portland lacks the large "headquarters" hotel needed to host the NBA and media entourage which accompanies the game.

Moda Center has also hosted PBR Built Ford Tough Series bull riding events.

The arena has hosted various WWE events, including Unforgiven in 2004, No Mercy in 2008, and NXT TakeOver: Portland in 2020. The arena has also hosted various episodes of Raw and SmackDown.

The arena has also hosted UFC 102 in 2009.

In 2004, Portland was selected as one of five cities in the U.S. to host the Dew Action Sports Tour, a new extreme sports franchise to start in 2005. Titled the Vans Invitational, the event was held at the Rose Quarter from August 17 to 21. The Rose Quarter hosted BMX: Dirt and Freestyle Motocross. The Dew Action Sports returned to Portland for a third year.

In the winter of 2005, the Rose Quarter hosted the U.S. Figure Skating Championships, an event attended by over 100,000 spectators. The arena would later host the 2007 NLL All Star Game on March 10, 2007.

In 2009, the arena hosted first- and second-round games of the NCAA men's basketball tournament as well as in 2015 and 2022. It was the first time NCAA men's tournament games were played in the state of Oregon since 1983, though the arena did host the finals of the 2008 Big Sky Conference men's basketball tournament. The state had been under an NCAA-imposed tournament embargo due to sports betting being legal in the state (specifically, the Oregon Lottery's "Sports Action" game, a parlay game which allowed bettors to wager on NFL games), but was awarded 2009 tournament games when the state Legislature eliminated Sports Action from the lottery's lineup. In addition to sports, the arena regularly hosts numerous other types of events, including concerts, circuses, ice shows, and conventions. Portland State University holds its spring commencement ceremonies at the arena.

Notable non-sports related events include the 1998 Portland State commencement ceremony, where the keynote speaker was then U.S. President Bill Clinton. The President, speaking before a packed house in the Garden (including a graduating class of 2000), gave a speech embracing immigration to the United States, and was also awarded an honorary Doctor of Humane Letters from the university.

On June 27, 2000, a concert by former Pink Floyd member Roger Waters at the arena became the basis for the concert video In the Flesh: Live.

On April 24, 2012, British rock band Coldplay performed a sold-out show at the arena as part of their Mylo Xyloto Tour. On October 2, 2017, the band came back to the arena during their A Head Full of Dreams Tour. The band covered Free Fallin' with Peter Buck of R.E.M. there as a tribute to Tom Petty following his death that day.

Lady Gaga performed at the arena on January 15, 2013, as part of her Born This Way Ball tour trek through North America. This was one of the few shows the singer completed in the United States before she was forced to cancel the remainder of the tour due to a labral tear of the hip.

On Sunday, August 9, 2015, Bernie Sanders held a campaign rally at the Moda Center that was attended by over 28,000 people.

On April 9, 2017, Radiohead performed at the arena for the first time during their A Moon Shaped Pool tour. It was also their first concert in Portland since 1996.

The exterior of the Moda Center was featured in How I Met Your Mother's 2011 episode, Tick Tick Tick; again in the 2013 episode Platonish, and the series finale episode, Last Forever.

The exterior of the Moda Center was also featured in iCarly's 2009 episode, iFight Shelby Marx.

On August 22, 2021, Guns N' Roses played a show as part of their 2020 Tour.

On November 8, 2021, Harry Styles performed a sold-out show as part of his Love On Tour.

On March 29, 2022, Dua Lipa performed a sold-out show as part of her Future Nostalgia Tour.

On April 5, 2022, Olivia Rodrigo performed a sold-out show as the first show on her Sour Tour.

On June 27, 2022, Shawn Mendes performed a sold-out show, as the first show on his Wonder: The World Tour.

On November 4, 2022, Lizzo performed a sold-out show on her The Special Tour. 6 days later, on November 10, 2022, she performed another sold-out show on the same tour.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Moda Center


text:
Wikipedia talk:Standard GFDL violation letter

Old talk
I changed "GFDL copyright notice" to "GFDL notice", because a GFDL notice tells you about licensing, not copyright. Copyright is a different issue altogether. -- Tim Starling 04:17 9 Jul 2003 (UTC)

I saw the page which this page discusses in the recent changes list and had a look. In fact, I have an enquiry concerning licensing which I would like to raise and was wondering how best to do it. In the event, this page might be a good way to start the enquiry.

I notice that the letters have "Dear Website owner's name here,

We're delighted to see that your website, web page here, uses content from Wikipedia"

Now, the letters both presume the use is in a website.

I have an idea for content from Wikipedia to be used on broadcast channels, broadcast using the Digital Video Broadcasting - Multimedia Home Platform system (DVB-MHP) of which technology there is a lot of information in the http://www.mhp.org webspace and the http://www.dvb.org webspace.

I am hoping that that idea will get taken up by broadcasters and to make that possibility one step easier I am hoping that I can find a clear statement that such use for broadcasting is permitted. From reading the license document my own thinking is that use for broadcasting is fine, yet such reading and thinking does not carry the provenance of an explicit statement on a web page to which I can refer people.

Due to issues of provenance of information which will arise with broadcasting I am thinking more of the nupedia project for the long term, though the licensing seems the same yet I am unsure as to how much of nupedia is available at present.

If this is not the correct place for this topic, please feel free to delete it or move it.

Songwriter 22:55 9 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * It is my understanding that as long as you a) credit Wikipedia as the source and b) provide a clear means for the reader to find Wikipedia's site so they can access the source (ie the raw editable wikitext), then it's fine -- Tarquin 08:58 10 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure that this is accurate. I believe all derived works must be released under the GFDL.  MB 19:28 10 Jul 2003 (UTC)

Thanks to you both. Although a broadcaster could use the text 'as is', one possibility, (which would, in fact, not alter the wording of articles, yet which, in a like manner to a translation would be a modification of the article), would be to use colour codes rather than the sequence of two [ characters in an article.

I have produced a set of possible colour codes and these are to be found in the following web page.

http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~ngo/courtcol.htm

The font Quest text has authoring-time logos for the code points used for colours, based on the Petra Sancta system often used in black and white illustrations in books about heraldry. Thus the colour characters can be viewed in a black and white display in a text editor such as WordPad when using the Quest text font at authoring time, with the intention that when the file is displayed upon the screen of an interactive television the logos are not displayed yet the colour of the text changes.

The Quest text font is available as follows.

http://www.users.globalnet.co.uk/~ngo/font7007.htm

Readers might find the SC UniPad program useful as well.

http://www.unipad.org

The need to make the modified file GFDL licensed is an important consideration. For me, such licensing is not a problem, so hopefully in the future files of text from Wikipedia and Nupedia will be broadcast from terrestrial television transmitters and from direct broadcast television satellites so that they can be viewed on interactive television sets, with no need for a telephone line connection or any return information link back to the broadcasting computer.

Songwriter 06:48 11 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * please add any comments into the Village Pump page.Songwriter 06:46 10 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * Please don't. It's better to include simply a link and v. brief summary on the pump, and have the discussion here. The village pump gets very full very quick, so it's a bad place for real discussion.
 * Not a criticism - just so you know for next time... Martin

As discussed at Wikipedia talk:Sites that use Wikipedia for content, we have now come to the point where we need to send out a "sternly-worded followup letter." So lets start cracking! And, if anyone feels like it, maybe we could get cracking on the "final warning" as described by Mav on Wikipedia talk:Sites that use Wikipedia for content. { MB | マイカル } 14:20, Aug 19, 2003 (UTC)

Ok, here's my first go at it: --Gutza 11:49, 21 Aug 2003 (UTC)

GFDL Violation Letter Followup
Dear Website owner's name here,

This is in regard with your web page here which uses Wikipedia content (http://www.wikipedia.org).

As we suggested in a prior message, your using Wikipedia content automatically makes you a Licensee of that material, according to the Wikipedia Copyrights page and the international copyright laws. As a Licensee of the GNU FDL, you have to abide by that respective license, which in turn means you have to perform the following steps:

 * You must include links to the article(s) in Wikipedia you copied on the pages containing the copied/modified material;
 * You must include a visible GFDL notice on every page using Wikipedia content.

This is the second message we send you, after more than one month, in which time your copyright violation status didn't ameliorate. Please make sure you follow the steps above in a reasonable time frame.

For more information on your righs and obligations as a Licensee of the GNU FDL, see http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html

Thank you, Your name here

 * Good start! I'm copying it to the main page space so that others can easily edit it. { MB | マイカル } 19:49, Aug 25, 2003 (UTC)

Copyright status of the letters
I would prefer that we release the sample letters into the public domain, rather than licensing them under the GFDL. Requiring that senders of the letters include a GFDL notice on the emails themselves is potentially confusing to the recipients, who are likely already confused enough about the GFDL as it applies to their site as it is. It's also completely unnecessary for something that is 5-6 sentences long, and looks a bit pedantic and free-software-zealotish (like the people who release their .sigs under the GFDL with a GFDL notice that's longer than the sig is). --Delirium 19:57, Aug 25, 2003 (UTC)

 * I have no problem with someone removing them. { MB | マイカル } 20:00, Aug 25, 2003 (UTC)

 * I doubt that a form letter is copyrightable anyway. It is supposed to be a generic thing; after all it is just a suggestion, any seasoned Wikipedia editor would know how to re-edit it so that it is not just copying. Of course each individual letter may be protected by copyright and privacy rights, but that is not really against the spirit of the GFDL, after all the point of the letter is to get the person to comply with the GFDL in material they are already using, not to release the sample letter under GFDL. (which is already the case, so if they want to do it, all they have to do is link back here).Alex756 04:14, 29 Aug 2003 (UTC)

 * I like the idea of having the copyright notice on the letter, because it provides a good example of how to do it. { MB | マイカル } 15:12, Aug 29, 2003 (UTC)

 * You can put a sample notice in the email, but it's confusing to have that notice apply to the email (it also may not be legally valid) Does anyone object if I remove the GFDL versions? Superm401 - Talk 01:00, 3 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Done. Superm401 - Talk 02:03, 11 January 2007 (UTC)

What to do if they don't respond
I can't find any discussion of what to do if the violation letter falls on deaf ears. Shouldn't there be a policy to send the ISP hosting the site a DMCA OCILLA takedown notice? Or are we just going to allow infringement. This is not a good position to be in as the GFDL license will basically become meaningless because the demands to comply are not followed up once there is knowledge on Wikipedia of the infringements (not to mention the statute of limitations). — Alex756 13:46, 15 Nov 2003 (UTC)
 * I guess we'd need a lawyer to write one of those.. which I'm not. - Evil saltine 10:41, 13 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Do they need to link to Wikipedia?
It looks to me as though they can link to any copy of the source that lists a copy of the user page of the contributors and their contribution history, not necesarily to Wikipedia, am I missing something? Mark Richards 17:01, 2 Aug 2004 (UTC)

You're not missing anything. The suggested means in the letters don't comply with the requirements of the GFDL, so it's certainly possible for people to find ways to approximate that degree of compliance in other ways, or to actually comply with the requirements of the GFDL. One way to more closely approach the requirements of the GFDL would be to include a link to the wikitext, the GFDL and, depending on whether you view the work as a whole as the work or individual articles as the work: A link to the Wikipedia page is one way of linking to the copyright holders of the work and to the wikitext, so it's one way of not complying with the GFDL which is usually accepted by the copyright holders (the individual contributors here). Any way which actually complies with the requirements of the GFDL is certainly fine and any way which approximates compliance as well as what is suggested by the letters may well be as fine as what is suggested by the letters. If someone wanted to have a mirror which didn't point back to the Wikipedia site at all, one approach might be: The result is arguably closer compliance with the requirements of the GFDL than is suggested by the means in the letters, depending in part on whether you take the one work or multiple works view. To get closer still, drop the use of links and put all the text from the links on the article page. Jamesday 04:02, 23 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * a link to or a list of the top contributors or all contributors to the whole Wikipedia.
 * a link to or list of the contributors or top contributors to the individual article.
 * 1) place the normal readable view of the article text on the page
 * 2) list the top five contributors to the Wikipedia as a whole (taking the single work view)
 * 3) link to the raw wikitext or place the raw wikitext on the page as well
 * 4) link to a copy of the GFDL
 * 5) say that it's from the Wikipedia with no link - I haven't fully considered whether this is necessary at all.

 * There's no requirement to include a copy of the user page. In fact, many users have objected to mirrors taking their user pages. Angela. 18:39, Aug 23, 2004 (UTC)

 * I dodged mentioning that specifically, but suggested alternatives which didn't do so. Since you raise it again, though: If all of the contents of the Wikipedia articles and all user contributions pages were included, that would appear to be one possible way to meet the requirement to identify the authors, if the view is taken that all of the articles taken together are a single work. The user pages themselves would be of interest in this mainly because they may provide the name and contact details of the copyright holder, something the account name often doesn't do. Simply a field for the legal name wouldn't really be sufficient - there are way too many duplicate names in the world. It's unclear how far the GFDL requires you to go to get the name of the author. However, see 17 USC 1202, which prohibits the removal of copyright management information, including  the name of, and other identifying information about, the copyright owner and author of the work. Including the user page is the simplest way I know of to avoid breaking that law - if the user page contains the name and other identifying information and license information, it appears safest to include the user page somewhere.

 * I'm someone who has objected to a mirror displaying my user page in a way which suggested that I was associated with that project. It's not clear that I'd object if it was presented differently, solely to address the author identification and 17 USC 1202 requirements. Jamesday 10:53, 2 Sep 2004 (UTC)

This is crap. You need to acknowledge the copyright holder. In no event is Wikipedia the copyright holder.

 * You're right that Wikipedia isn't the copyright holder. These emails don't need to mention the copyright holder though - they aren't intended to be OCILLA takedown notices. Those may come after these emails, if necessary. I've personally offered to send an OCILLA/DMCA takedown notice to an infringer in my position as a copyright holder of the OCILLA article, after an infringer didn't respond to earlier steps such as those described here. Jamesday 10:53, 2 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Most of these copies are verbatim copies, in which case they only need to include the license, the copyright notices (there are none), and the notice that the license applies to the Document. This does raise the question of what is the document, but that's very tricky since the database dump would presumably have to include the entire document in order to be GFDL compliant. Arguably you also have to distribute transparent copies if you get more than 100 hits. The HTML could be argued to fall under this, or otherwise a link to the db dump or individual links to the wiki source would be acceptable. anthony (see warning) 13:43, 2 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Dear _____
Would it be better to replace "Dear {name}" with "To whom it may concern"? It seems more professional to me. - Evil saltine 22:16, 11 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * IMO "To whom it may concern" seems very unprofessional. If you know the name of the responsible party, buisness letter normally stsrt "Dear :" and when you don't, they can be "Dear " or "Dear Sir" or "Dear Sir or Madam". DES (talk) 22:14, 28 October 2005 (UTC)

We need a "Javascript only links are not acceptable" standard letter
A lot of our mirrors now seem to be using the SEO trick of including the required links to the GFDL and Wikipedia page as javascript, so they don't appear to search engines. This is not acceptable(as many possible viewers of the content may not have javascript on, and so will not know about the GFDL status of the content, which is a violation of the GFDL), but we don't have a standard letter for this. Could somebody write one? I'll do it myself, eventually... JesseW 02:43, 23 July 2005 (UTC)

What to do when there are no contact details
This revision of the Hypermutation article has been used on the following site, MrSci.com without referencing the GFDL or Wikipedia. I would send a letter to them but they do not have any contact details available on the site as far as I could tell from explorations. Ansell 01:47, 26 February 2006 (UTC)

 * You could try a WHOIS client such as http://www.whois.net to find the details of the domain holder. --Kwekubo 14:20, 23 June 2006 (UTC)

Reporting violations?
Is there anyplace to report violations of the Wikipedia's GFDL license that are not for clones and mirrors of the Wikipedia? Specifically, when I was looking at Yahoo! Answers, one of the answers was a wholesale copying of the Wikipedia Zip Code article without any attribution, GFDL notice or link back to the original article. I have a feeling that for many of these new Answers websites (Google has one as well), that we could find plenty of violations of the Wikipedia's license requirements. Blank Verse 07:41, 8 July 2006 (UTC)

Websites - what about books?
All the letters here seem to be desinged for online plagiarism. How do we address plagiarism of Wikipedia in printed sources?--Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus 16:51, 14 September 2006 (UTC)
 * These should still be reported at Mirrors and forks. You can add a letter here (preferably public domain) if you like! Superm401 - Talk 22:25, 5 January 2007 (UTC)

Is there a GFDL violation letter log?
Is there any log to track sent letters to see whether the perpetrators complied? `'mikka 22:29, 4 April 2007 (UTC)

My cause: Talk:Alexander Lukashenko. `'mikka 22:42, 4 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Detailed records are kept on the subpages of Mirrors and forks. Superm401 - Talk 03:54, 16 May 2007 (UTC)

what about modified documents?
Everything I've seen, the mirrors and forks page, this page, seems to address unmodified documents. Do we have any means of tracking and coordinating efforts for sites that make use of wikipedia but modify the content? Do we have any sample letters to send such sites in order to help them comply? Miss Mondegreen talk  05:51, May 24 2007 (UTC)

 * There don't seem to be any standard letters for this as far as I can see, but I just sent an E-mail to a site that is using modified content from Wikipedia with no GFDL notice, which I have copied here. Would anybody object if I put a generic version of this up as another standard?  GrahamN (talk) 01:57, 8 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Go for it. --Philosopher Let us reason together. 05:15, 8 May 2009 (UTC)

Followup wording
The followup letter includes the following sentence: "To use that content without copyright infringement you must either comply with the requirements of the GFDL or use the more convenient approximation described on the Wikipedia Copyrights page by doing both of the following" [my emphasis]. This implies Wikipedia will accept non-compliance with GFDL. Informally we may very well take the attitude that we only want content reusers to comply with the spirit of the GFDL if not necessarily with every last point in pedantic detail: this is a good attitude to have. But we can't say this as over 5 million people hold copyright to parts of Wikipedia and no one person (not even Jimbo) can presume to speak for them all. Our position has to be full compliance with the GFPL. That doesn't mean we have to jump on anyone who infringes via some smalll technicality: we can still use common sense. But equally we can't go telling people that non-compliance is acceptable, even if, to us personally, it is. IANAL etc. — ras52 (talk) 13:06, 7 December 2007 (UTC)

Use of contractions
Folks, as far as I am concerned, the use of contractions such as "I've" and "We've" in letters like this is distinctly unprofessional. I am going to replace with the proper forms. – ukexpat (talk) 12:54, 23 July 2008 (UTC)

Examples
I'm not sure I understand how a example section is useful for this page. How is showing examples of when wikipedia text was used without proper attribution going to help? It has happened in the past. It will happen again. I don't see the point in listing each occurrence. --Onorem♠Dil 12:51, 5 August 2008 (UTC)

Copyvios in books
What is to be done about things like this: "". Do the give GDFL notice? I've found a number of such books on googlebooks, that are just copies of leads from (old) wikipedia.YobMod 14:51, 26 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Actually, from the Preface, it looks like they are complying with the GFDL. What exactly is the problem? --Philosopher Let us reason together. 05:11, 8 May 2009 (UTC)
 * No problem, as you've answered my question perfectly :-). I had searched for "GDFL", not "GNU", so that explains why i missed it. Thanks, now i just have to be careful to never use them as sources - I only noticed this one as it has entries written by me, which was confusing. At first i thought i had somehow accidentely plagerised!YobMod 07:08, 8 May 2009 (UTC)

Technical violation -- (I think)
I noticed that some (actually, most) of the captions for (or, whatever you call the text accompanying [with]) the photos in the facebook group "Jews Kick Ass" (http://www.facebook.com/group.php?gid=8552239929) (there were 276 such photos in that particular facebook "group" the last time I checked) seem to be using GFDL material without proper attribution. For one example, see this. By the way, when I say "GFDL material", I am missing an opportunity to be more specific; - in the cases I saw, it was [usually] Wikipedia material.

Since the material was copied and used and is being disseminated on the internet (www) without mentioning the GFDL, I think it is [technically] failing to "extend" certain GFDL-mandated [GFDL-required] "rights" to all users. (It may also be - "in some way" - a violation of facebook policy; -- but that is outside the scope of this memo).

Why this report is anonymous
Sometimes when someone (S) has a neighbor (N) who in violation of certain zoning or HOA rules, S might prefer for someone else to "report" the violation, partly because of the risk that, if S reported the violation himself, (not anonymously), then and and -- most importantly --
 * [1] N might become upset,
 * [2] the above ([1]) might lead to some kind of friction or other unpleasantness between N and S (who might not be friends, and might not care to become friends, but both probably just "do not want any trouble")
 * [3] the above ([2]) has the potential to result in either S or N, or both, suffering all kinds of negative feelings, way out of proportion to the tiny issue which was the original "pebble in the shoe" minor infraction of the rules.

This example is a good one because, often, many residents of a town or HOA care little for forcing compliance with the myriad technical rules, so - typically - if someone is in violation of some rule, it is either ignored, or else the hassle of complying (and, of "causing" compliance by letter writing or other bureaucratic steps) may very possibly turn out to be more trouble than it would have been, to just ignore the small infraction, in hopes that either it might be remedied eventually anyway, or else that there would be little or no [serious] consequences of the small infraction.

The point is that, it is sometimes preferable for S to either keep quiet, or else report the violation anonymously. If S does nothing, then either nothing will be changed, which might be just fine with almost everyone, or else some other neighbor might report the violation. If that happens, or if S reports the violation anonymously, then N might cheerfully start obeying the rules, or else, eventually, N might be pressured (or even forced) to do so. This may be a "don't-care" to S. Even if S does care about this, sometimes it is still far less important than the main concern, which is to avoid [2] (see above) and - especially! - [3].

Does anyone care enough to report this? (not me!)
I am S. I do not want any trouble. N might be able to see my IP address here, but I am hoping that even if N does see my IP address here, no one will go ballistic enough to go start tracking down whose IP address it is.

So - if there is anyone out there who cares enough to report this, then could that person please step up and explain to the facebook user[s] involved, how they can properly credit [and link to] Wikipedia, where appropriate, and link to Wikipedia's copy of the GFDL, (or maybe the official FSF dot org  ), if it is not convenient for there to be a copy of the GFDL right in that "group" on facebook, or elsewhere on that website, which contains some material that [I think] was copied from Wikipedia. --130.13.18.*** (talk) 03:14, 17 May 2009 (UTC)


text:
Ascalon (disambiguation)

Ascalon was an ancient Levantine city known for its prominent role in the Crusades. Destroyed in 1270, its remains are at Tel Ashkelon.

Ascalon can also refer to:

Places

 * Ascalon, Ontario, Canada, an unincorporated place and former railway point
 * Ascalon, Georgia, United States, an unincorporated community
 * Ascalon, Missouri, United States, an unincorporated community

People

 * Brad Ascalon (born 1977), American industrial designer
 * David Ascalon (born 1975), Israeli artist
 * Maurice Ascalon (1913–2003), Israeli designer and sculptor

Popular culture

 * Ascalon, lance or sword used by Saint George to slay the dragon
 * Ascalon, British World War II aeroplane used by Winston Churchill, named after the lance—an Avro York
 * Ascalon, a place in the computer game Guild Wars, its sequel Guild Wars 2, and 2009 book spin-off Guild Wars: Ghosts of Ascalon

title: Ascalon (disambiguation)


text:
OpenGL Performer

OpenGL Performer, formerly known as IRIS Performer and commonly referred to simply as Performer, is a commercial library of utility code built on top of OpenGL for the purpose of enabling hard real-time visual simulation applications. OpenGL Performer was developed by SGI. OpenGL Performer is available for IRIX, Linux, and several versions of Microsoft Windows. Both ANSI C and C++ bindings are available.

History
Performer came about in 1991 when a group from SGI's Open Inventor project, then known as IRIS Inventor, decided to focus on performance rather than ease of programmability. Whereas Inventor delivered easy-to-use objects and various UI elements to interact with them, Performer focused on a scene graph system that could be re-arranged on the fly for performance reasons, allowing the various passes of a rendering task to be performed in parallel in multiple threads. Performer allowed the scene to describe levels of detail with hysteresis bands and fade capabilities. Frame rate and statistics were monitored and a 'stress' factor was calculated. This could be used to further weight the level of detail in the scene eliminating detail to maintain a target frame rate.

Other key features of Performer were the use of symmetric multi-processing capabilities, support multiple graphics pipes and the ability to utilize the scalable resources of high end systems. In this regard Performer was actually simple to use given the underlying complexity. Application culling and rendering could be running in different threads locked to different physical processors. In a multi-pipe (multiple graphics subsystems) configuration rendering to each graphics pipe would have a dedicated thread and similarly culling would also have a dedicated processor. Advanced features like database paging, texture paging and point light source management (for flight simulation) and intersection testing for collision detection would also have dedicated processors allowing asynchronous I/O and processing to occur without negatively impacting graphics performance. Most of this complexity was hidden beneath a simpler scene graph API with relatively high level configuration calls which could be made to set up the threads and inter-process communication.

Performer did not have a native file format, merely plugin loaders from 3rd parties such as MultiGen's OpenFlight format loader. Similarly there was no default runtime, there was sample code and the often used and often modified 'perfly' sample application. This probably contributed to its reputation for being difficult to use.

By the mid-1990s it started to become clear that there was no reason that Inventor and Performer could not be combined. This led to the Cosmo 3D project that SGI was intending to build both Inventor and Performer (now essentially API shims) out of, as well as promote as a new and higher-level standardized API for future work on the SGI platform. However, after the first beta release of Cosmo 3D, SGI joined with Intel and IBM (and later DEC) to create OpenGL++, essentially a cleaned up version of Cosmo. This project died when SGI turned their attention to an almost identical project with Microsoft known as Fahrenheit, which was also killed. Today Inventor and Performer remain separate products, and none of the combined versions ever saw the light of day.

Features
Performer consists primarily of two libraries: the lower-level libpr and the higher-level libpf. The libpr library provides an object-oriented interface to high-speed rendering functions based on the concept of a pfGeoSet and a pfGeoState. A pfGeoSet is a collection of graphics primitives, such as polygons or lines. A pfGeoState encapsulates properties pertaining to a given pfGeoSet such as lighting, transparency, and texturing.

The libpf library includes functions for the generation and manipulation of hierarchical scene graphs, scene processing (simulation, intersection, culling, and drawing tasks), level-of-detail management, asynchronous database paging, dynamic coordinate systems, environment models, light points, and so on. This library also provides transparent support for multiple viewports spread across multiple graphics pipelines.

Other Performer libraries--libpfutil, libpfdb, libpfui, etc.--provide functions for generating optimized geometry, database conversion, device input (such as for interfacing with external flyboxes and MIL-STD-1553 mux busses), motion models, collision models, and a format-independent database interface that supports common data formats such as Open Inventor, OpenFlight, Designer's Workbench, Medit, and Wavefront .obj file.

title: OpenGL Performer


text:
Talk:God Save the Tsar!

Untitled
Whose translation is this? I have some issues with it, but before I make any changes, I want to make sure that this isn't some officially accepted translation. -Smack 04:43 9 Jul 2003 (UTC)

This is the Official full lyrics:

Боже, царя храни! Сильный, державный, Царствуй на славу нам, Царствуй на страх врагам, Царь православный. Боже, царя храни!

Боже, Царя храни! Славному долги дни Дай на земли! Гордых смирителю: Слабых хранителю, Всех утешителю - Все ниспошли!

Перводержавную Русь Православную Боже, храни! Царство ей стройное, В силе спокойное, - Все ж недостойное, Прочь отжени!

О, провидение, Благословение Нам ниспошли! К благу стремление, В счастье смирение, В скорби терпение Дай на земли!

 * Text posted to Sourceberg. I don't think there's any need to clutter the article with all this.

 * Only the first verse was in the official Imperial Anthem. With respect, Ko Soi IX 00:49, 27 April 2007 (UTC)

Strange Transliteration
Some of the transliteration in this article seems off ("Carja" vs "Tsarya"). What transliteration system is this article using?
 * Now re-transliterated using Romanization of Russian guidelines. -- Picapica (talk) 20:02, 13 June 2017 (UTC)

One or two texts
Stanza 1 is different in metre from Stanzas 2-4. Also stanzas 2-4 are given elsewhere as the text of "Prayer of the Russians". Should these not be stored as two sources rather than one?

--PAlban 04:29, 21 May 2006 (UTC)

Other languages of Empire
Hello. Please, can someone translate this anthem in the other languages of the Russian Empire (uzbek, kazakh...)? Thanks. 201.35.255.29 00:35, 20 February 2007 (UTC)

"National anthem"
It wasnt the national anthem, but the imperial one. The was no single nation in the Empire--133.41.84.100 04:07, 20 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Sure there was; don't confuse nation and nationality. For instance, even USA has a NATIONAL anthem... With respect, Ko Soi IX 06:27, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

Singable Version
Who wrote this? I'm not convinced it's singable (particularly "pow'r"; doesn't fit!) Giamberardino 01:28, 24 April 2007 (UTC)

I'll remove it, the literal translation isn't especially unsingable (unlike, for example, the old Soviet anthem)-User:TashkentFox 04:20, 24 December 2008 (UTC)

Article move
Why was this article moved on April 3 from "God Save the Tsar!" to "Bozhe, Tsarya Khrani?" This is the English language Wikipedia, not Russian. I contend that this does not comply with Wikipedia policy. As WP:NAME states, "Generally, article naming should prefer what the greatest number of English speakers would most easily recognize...The names of Wikipedia articles should be optimized for readers over editors, and for a general audience over specialists."

Certainly, the vast majority of English readers of Wikipedia would only recognize "God Save the Tsar!" and would Google that title only. "Bozhe, Tsarya Khrani!" is recognizable only to Russian speakers or linguists specializing in Russian language, hardly the general English-speaking public. The best thing to do is to resume titling this article "God Save the Tsar!", with a mention of the Russian title in the Lead.  JGHowes talk  -  13:13, 21 May 2008 (UTC)

sound
does anyone have an audio copy of the song that they could post. it would be nice to actually hear the song. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.234.99.201 (talk) 00:32, 22 July 2008 (UTC)

YouTube has it 84.69.173.228 (talk) 08:32, 1 September 2009 (UTC)

Borodin's use of 'God Save the Tsar'
I read that Borodin quoted the tune in the 4th movement of his 2nd symphony. I have listened to it 3 times, and I simply cannot recognize it anywhere. Am I just being foolish or does the tune ever actually appear in Borodin's 2nd? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.50.228.89 (talk) 03:42, 12 May 2011 (UTC)

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title: Talk:God Save the Tsar!


text:
Chavo Guerrero Sr.

Salvador Guerrero Llanes (January 7, 1949 – February 11, 2017), better known as Chavo Guerrero or Chavo Guerrero Sr., and also known during the 21st century as "Chavo Classic", was an American professional wrestler. He was best known for his work in Universal Wrestling Federation (UWF), American Wrestling Association (AWA), and World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) and for being the father of third-generation wrestler Chavo Guerrero Jr. He was the oldest son of Salvador "Gory" Guerrero, and part of the Guerrero wrestling family. He was the oldest WWE Cruiserweight Champion.

Early career (1977–1981)
In 1977, Chavo competed for NWA Western States. Guerrero later moved his family to California so he could compete in Los Angeles's NWA Hollywood Wrestling and San Francisco's Big Time Wrestling. In NWA Hollywood, he feuded with Roddy Piper for the NWA Americas Heavyweight Championship. Between 1979 and 1980, he held the title 15 times.

Various territories (1981–1988)
He spent the early 80's splitting his time between All Japan Pro Wrestling, Mid South Wrestling, CWF, and Houston Wrestling. In 1982, Guerrero feuded with Atsushi Onita over the NWA International Junior Heavyweight Championship in All Japan Pro Wrestling. In 1983, he feuded with Gino Hernandez in Mid South Wrestling. The feud resulted in Loser Leaves Town matches, Texas Death Matches and a Mexican Chicken Match. In 1984, he teamed with his brother Hector Guerrero in Championship Wrestling from Florida. They had rivalries with The U.S. Express, from whom they captured the NWA United States Tag Team Titles from and The Breakdancers of Brickhouse Brown and Mark Ragin. In 1985, Hector and Chavo then traveled back over to Mid South Wrestling, where they feuded with The Rock 'n' Roll Express. They then engaged in a rivalry with Ted DiBiase and "Dr. Death" Steve Williams over the UWF Tag Team Championship. In 1986, they wrestled The Fabulous Ones on multiple occasions for Mid South.

AWA and EMLL (1988–1990s)
In 1988, Mando and Chavo stopped in the AWA. They went after the AWA World Tag Team Championship held by Diamond Dallas Page's team of Badd Company (Paul Diamond and Pat Tanaka). However, they were unable to capture the titles in multiple attempts. In 1990, Chavo teamed with his brothers Mando and Eddie in EMLL. He competed with his brothers in multiple trios matches.

World Wrestling Entertainment (2004, 2010)
In 2004, Guerrero began working for World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE), joining his son Chavo Jr. in a feud with his younger brother Eddie. While with WWE, he competed as 'Chavo Classic’. On the May 20, 2004 episode of Smackdown, Chavo Classic became the oldest WWE Cruiserweight Champion in history, defeating Chavo Jr. and Spike Dudley in a triple-threat match. On the April 1 episode of SmackDown!, Classic and Chavo Jr. lost to Spike Dudley and Rey Mysterio. On the April 22 episode of SmackDown!, Classic and Chavo Jr defeated John Cena in a 2-on-1 handicap match. On the May 13 episode of SmackDown!, Chavo Classic defeated Jacqueline thanks to outside help by Chavo Jr. On the June 3 episode of SmackDown!, Chavo Classic retained the Cruiserweight title against Funaki, thanks to outside help from Chavo Jr. He lost the title to Rey Mysterio less than a month later. On June 15, 2004, he was fired by WWE for no-showing multiple SmackDown! house shows. On the November 15, 2010, "Old School" episode of Raw, Guerrero returned as Chavo Classic, driving Alberto Del Rio to the arena.

Lucha Underground (2016)
Chavo Classic first appeared on Lucha Underground talking with Rey Mysterio about the upcoming match of the latter against his son Chavo Guerrero Jr. in a Loser Leaves Lucha match. During the match, Classic, who was in the attendance, turned on Mysterio, helping his son win the match, but Dario Cueto ordered to restart the match, and Mysterio hit the 619 on Classic and defeated Chavo Guerrero, leaving Lucha Underground without the Guerreros.

Personal life
Chavo was the son of Gory Guerrero and the older brother of Mando, Hector, and Eddie Guerrero. He grew up in El Paso, Texas He had two children, wrestler Chavo Jr. and daughter Victoria, and he was the brother in-law of Vickie Guerrero.

In July 2016, Guerrero and his son were named as part of a class action lawsuit filed against WWE that alleged wrestlers incurred traumatic brain injuries during their tenure and the company concealed the risks of injury. The suit was litigated by attorney Konstantine Kyros, who has been involved in a number of other lawsuits against WWE. Over a year after his death, US District Judge Vanessa Lynne Bryant dismissed the lawsuit in September 2018.

Death
On February 11, 2017, Guerrero died of liver cancer, at the age of 68.

Other media

 * In 1978 he co-starred with Henry Winkler in the movie The One and Only as a wrestler called Indian Joe.
 * He is the subject of the song "The Legend of Chavo Guerrero" by The Mountain Goats and is featured in its music video.
 * The 2017 Netflix series, GLOW has its 7th episode dedicated to Chavo Guerrero Sr.

Championships and accomplishments
1When Chavo Guerrero won this championship, it was still officially recognized and sanctioned by the National Wrestling Alliance and was primarily defended in Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre, an NWA affiliated promotion in Mexico. After the promotion's withdrawal from the National Wrestling Alliance, they kept the title and continue to use the NWA initials. However, the NWA no longer recognizes or sanctions it.
 * All Japan Pro Wrestling
 * NWA International Junior Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * National Wrestling Alliance
 * NWA World Junior Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
 * Atlantic Coast Championship Wrestling
 * ACCW Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
 * Championship Wrestling from Florida
 * NWA United States Tag Team Championship (Florida version) (1 time) – with Hector Guerrero
 * Eastern Wrestling Federation
 * EWF Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
 * Empire Wrestling Federation
 * EWF Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * Hollywood Heavyweight Wrestling
 * HHW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * International Wrestling Federation
 * IWF Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * NWA Hollywood Wrestling
 * NWA Americas Heavyweight Championship (15 times)
 * NWA Americas Tag Team Championship (11 times) – with Raul Mata (2), John Tolos (1), Gory Guerrero (1), Butcher Vachon (1), Victor Rivera (1), The Canadian (1), Hector Guerrero (1), El Halcon (1), Black Gordman (1) and Al Madril (1)
 * NWA World Light Heavyweight Championship (2 times)1
 * New Japan Pro-Wrestling
 * NWA International Junior Heavyweight Championship (2 times)
 * Pro Wrestling Illustrated
 * PWI ranked him # 130 out of the 500 best singles wrestlers during the "PWI Years" in 2003.
 * Southwest Championship Wrestling / Texas All-Star Wrestling
 * SCW Southwest Junior Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * SCW World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Manny Fernandez
 * TASW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * TASW Texas Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Al Madril (1) and himself (1)3
 * Texas All-Star USA Heavyweight Championship (1 times)
 * Vendetta Pro Wrestling
 * Vendetty Award—2014 Co-Special Guest star of the Year (w/ Chavo Guerrero Jr. & The Godfather)
 * World Wrestling Association
 * WWA Trios Championship (1 time) – with Mando and Eddy Guerrero
 * World Wrestling Entertainment/WWE
 * WWE Cruiserweight Championship (1 time)
 * Wrestling Observer Newsletter
 * Best Wrestling Maneuver (1986) Moonsault block

3Defeats Al Madril to claim Madril's part of the championship, though he quickly surrenders the titles on the same day.

title: Chavo Guerrero Sr.