text:
Norwich, New York

Norwich is a city and county seat of Chenango County, New York, United States. Surrounded on all sides by the Town of Norwich, the city's name is taken from Norwich, England. Its population was 7,190 at the 2010 census.

Lt. Warren Eaton Airport (OIC), serving the area, is located north of the city in the town of North Norwich.

History
The first log cabin was built in 1788 by Col. William Monroe, who served as a drummer boy during the Revolutionary War. The town of Norwich was formed in 1793 from the towns of Union (now in Broome County) and Bainbridge. Afterwards, Norwich, as a "mother town" of the county, lost substantial territory in the formation of new towns. In 1806, Norwich gave up territory to form the towns of Pharsalia, Plymouth and Preston. More of Norwich was lost in 1807 to form parts of the towns of New Berlin and Columbus. In 1808 and 1820, Norwich exchanged territory with the town of Preston.

The central community of Norwich set itself off from the town in 1816 by incorporating as a village, and later becoming the city of Norwich in 1914.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.5 sqkm, all land. Unlike many upstate cities, there are few, if any, defined neighborhoods or districts. Although the city is divided into six wards for political purposes, neighborhoods are seldom referred to in this manner.

Downtown is the main commercial district of Norwich, consisting of North and South Broad streets, East and West Main streets, and lesser side streets, including American Avenue, Lackawanna Avenue, and parts of Mechanic, Fair, and Hayes streets. The downtown district is bordered on the north by Cortland and Mitchell streets, and to the south by Front Street and Eaton Avenue.

Norwich is located in upstate New York, in the Chenango River valley. The river, a tributary of the Susquehanna, winds south along the eastern edge of the city. Along the western border, Canasawacta Creek flows south, until it unites with the Chenango River at the southern city limits.

Location
Norwich lies near the center of the triangle that can be drawn connecting the cities of Syracuse, Albany, and Binghamton, along Interstates 90, 88, and 81, respectively. The city is located at the intersection of New York State Route 12 and New York State Route 23. On Route 12, Utica and access to Interstate 90 is 48 mi to the north, while Binghamton (and the Triple Cities) and access to Interstate 81 and Interstate 86 (currently New York State Route 17, known as the Southern Tier Expressway), is 40 mi to the south. State Highway 23, which cuts laterally through the northern side of the city, leads east 32 mi to the city of Oneonta and access to Interstate 88, while to the west NY 23 leads in the direction of Cortland and Interstate 81, 42 mi away.

Economy
For nearly a century, the city had important manufacturing firms. It was the corporate headquarters of the Norwich Pharmacal Company. Formed in 1887 as a partnership between Reverend Lafayette Moore and Oscar G. Bell, a drug store employee, the company grew to become a major developer and manufacturer of medicines and veterinary products, known for its Unguentine antiseptic dressing (introduced in 1893) and Pepto-Bismol, an upset-stomach and anti-diarrhea medication (introduced in 1901 under a different name).

The company merged with Morton International, Inc. in 1969 and later became a subsidiary of Procter & Gamble in 1982. Under corporate restructuring, Procter & Gamble divided the company into several units, each of which was subsequently sold. This caused the loss of many jobs in Norwich, resulting in the city struggling to figure out a new economic model.

In 1996, a new plant of Dan Wesson Firearms was built in Norwich and the company moved there from Massachusetts; It became a subsidiary of CZ-USA in 2005 and therefore a Colt CZ Group subsidiary since 2022.

From 1845 until 1961, Norwich was also the home of the Maydole Hammer Factory. The founder, David Maydole, was an enterprising blacksmith who set out to create a hammer with a safely attached head. His hammers proved so successful that Maydole had become the largest hammer manufacturer in the United States by the time of its founder's death in 1892.

The Chenango Canal, the New York, Ontario and Western Railway, and the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad (later Erie-Lackawanna) once served most of the city's transportation needs. Norwich was the NYO&W's Northern Division point until operations ceased on March 29, 1957. Until June 2006, the community was served by the New York, Susquehanna and Western Railroad, which operated trains on the old DL&W line between Binghamton and Utica. That service ended as a result of flood damage in 2011 to the portion of the line between Sangerfield and Chenango Forks. Following a major renovation, the line resumed freight service in May, 2017.

A new $8 million campus was constructed for the city's small extension of Morrisville State College. Due to loss of jobs in the area, population has declined, affecting both admissions and attendance at the college in recent years.

NBT Bancorp and Chobani are both headquartered in Norwich.

Route 12 bisects the city on a north-south axis, becoming North and South Broad Street within city limits. A community of downtown businesses is found along it. On the north side of town lies the North Plaza, desolate since the departure of anchor tenant Jamesway, and a commercial strip of gas stations and fast food outlets. To the south are three plazas just outside city limits, featuring supermarkets, gas stations, fast food, Lowe's and Walmart.

Norwich residents usually travel to the larger nearby cities of Oneonta, Binghamton, Utica, sometimes Cortland, and occasionally the much larger metropolitan areas of Syracuse and Albany, for goods and services unobtainable locally.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 7,355 people, 3,131 households, and 1,671 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,609.0 PD/sqmi. There were 3,500 housing units at an average density of 1,717.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.48% White, 1.39% Black or African American, 0.27% Native American, 0.69% Asian, 0.19% from other races, and 0.98% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.68% of the population.

There were 3,131 households, out of which 28.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.6% were married couples living together, 13.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.6% were non-families. 40.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.6% under the age of 18, 8.2% from 18 to 24, 26.1% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 21.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 78.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 75.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $28,485, and the median income for a family was $39,808. Males had a median income of $33,537 versus $24,430 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,339. About 14.7% of families and 18.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.5% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over.

Culture
The Chenango Arts Council serves as a year-round arts and entertainment hub for the Norwich community and surrounding counties. Located in the former Norwich High School building on the city's west side, the Council includes a unique two-level art gallery, art instruction classrooms and the circa 1922 515-seat Martin Kappel Theater. The broadroom-style auditorium was listed in the League of Historic Theaters in 1989, and underwent an extensive renovation in 1995 after years of abandonment with contributions from local government, corporate donors and hundreds of former alumni of the high school. Each year, the stage hosts the Chenango Arts Council's Annual Performance Series, regular performances by the Norwich Theater Company and serves as a venue for many community organizations and businesses. The Martin Kappel Theater hosted the Twin Tiers International Film Festival in September 2018.

The Chenango Arts Council serves as a New York State Council on the Arts (NYSCA) multi-county DEC site, administering and re-granting more than $100,000 of funding annually directly to artists and community arts initiatives in Broome, Chenango and Otsego counties.

Numerous festivals and events mark the Norwich calendar, with residents looking forward to several annual cultural traditions. These include the Colorscape Chenango Arts Festival, a two-day event in early September that features regional musicians and artists, and the Chenango Blues Festival, held at the Chenango County Fairgrounds each August-attracting thousands and featured nationally renowned artists such as Koko Taylor, Luther Allison, and The Fabulous Thunderbirds. Since the early 1990s, the nationally known Gus Macker organization has hosted a 3-on-3 basketball tournament in early July, with hundreds of teams participating each year.

Museums include the Chenango County Historical Society and the Northeast Classic Car Museum, which houses over 160 classic cars, including the world's largest collection of Franklin automobiles.

Notable people

 * Joe Angelino, member of the New York State Assembly
 * Ruth Fulton Benedict, anthropologist
 * Gail Borden, inventor and dairy pioneer
 * Bonnie Campbell, attorney and politician in Iowa
 * Edward J. Erickson, retired U.S. Army officer and historian
 * Calista Flockhart, actress
 * Jon Matlack, former New York Mets pitcher
 * Clarence D. Rappleyea Jr., attorney and member of the New York State Assembly
 * Lillian Belle Sage, educator and scientist
 * Harry Stack Sullivan, psychiatrist
 * John Prindle Scott, composer
 * Hamdi Ulukaya, founder of Chobani Yogurt
 * Jessamine S. Whitney, statistician
 * William M. Fenton, Former Lt. Governor of Michigan

title: Norwich, New York


text:
Oxford (village), New York

Oxford is a village in Chenango County, New York, United States. The population was 1,450 at the 2010 census. The village is named after Oxford, Massachusetts, the hometown of the landowner.

It is located in the south-central portion of Chenango County, known as the "southern tier," which is 8 miles southwest of the county seat, the City of Norwich. It is situated between the major metropolises of Binghamton to the south and Syracuse to the north and Oneonta to the east and Cortland to the west.

History
The village was founded by its first settlers in 1791, including the landowner Benjamin Hovey (1758–1811) who was later a business partner of Aaron Burr and his cousin Theodore Burr.

The former Chenango Canal passed through the village, connecting the community to Utica and Binghamton.

In 1985, many of its historic buildings were included in the Oxford Village Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
The village of Oxford is located in the northern part of the town of Oxford at 42.44222°N, -75.59778°W (42.442354, -75.597822), in south-central Chenango County. The Chenango River, a south-flowing tributary of the Susquehanna River, divides the village.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 4.6 sqkm all land.

New York State Route 12 (Canal Street) intersects New York State Route 220 (State Street to the west and Main Street to the east) in the village. NY-12 leads northeast 8 mi to Norwich, the county seat, and southwest 13 mi to Greene.

Demographics
In 2021, Oxford, NY had a population of 1.39k people with a median age of 37 and a median household income of $43,864. Between 2020 and 2021 the population of Oxford, NY declined from 1,422 to 1,392, a −2.11% decrease and its median household income grew from $39,886 to $43,864, a 9.97% increase.

The 5 largest ethnic groups in Oxford, NY are White (Non-Hispanic) (95.6%), Two+ (Hispanic) (2.73%), Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (0.718%), American Indian & Alaska Native (Hispanic) (0.575%), and Two+ (Non-Hispanic) (0.359%).

None of the households in Oxford, NY reported speaking a non-English language at home as their primary shared language. This does not consider the potential multi-lingual nature of households, but only the primary self-reported language spoken by all members of the household.

100% of the residents in Oxford, NY are U.S. citizens.

In 2021, the median property value in Oxford, NY was $92,500, and the homeownership rate was 65.8%.

Most people in Oxford, NY drove alone to work, and the average commute time was 19.7 minutes. The average car ownership in Oxford, NY was 2 cars per household.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Oxford (village), New York


text:
Oxford, New York

Oxford is a town in Chenango County, New York, United States. The town contains a village also named Oxford. Oxford is an interior town in the south-central part of the county, southwest of the city of Norwich. At the 2010 census the town population was 3,901. The name derives from that of the native town of an early landowner from New England.

History
The town is within the former realm of the Oneida and Tuscarora people. A tract of land in the town was purchased by Benjamin Hovey, from Oxford, Massachusetts. The first settlers in Oxford arrived in the spring of 1789. Elijah Blackman, his son Jabez Blackman, and eleven-year-old adopted daughter Polly Knapp built a primitive log cabin on an island in the Chenango River. The little island on which the Blackman family had squatted had previously been bought by Benjamin Hovey, who when he came on later to take possession, gave them in consideration of the improvements made, a piece of land, a mile and a half up the river. Blackman resided there until his death, which occurred about the year 1825.The town of Oxford was established in 1793 from territory divided from the town of Bainbridge and the town of Union (now in Broome County). Oxford lost some of its territory when the town of Guilford was created in 1813, and the town of Coventry was formed in 1843.

The former Chenango Canal (1837) passed through the town. Railroad service began in 1870.

The Loomis Family Farm was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 156.5 sqkm, of which 155.6 sqkm is land and 0.9 sqkm, or 0.58%, is water.

The Chenango River, a tributary of the Susquehanna River, flows southward through the town.

New York State Route 12 is a northeast-southwest highway through the town. New York State Route 220 intersects NY-12 in Oxford village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,992 people, 1,440 households, and 1,035 families residing in the town. The population density was 66.4 PD/sqmi. There were 1,800 housing units at an average density of 30.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.72% White, 0.85% Black or African American, 0.33% Native American, 0.23% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 0.08% from other races, and 0.70% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.08% of the population.

There were 1,440 households, out of which 32.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.9% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.1% were non-families. 22.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.0% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 23.7% from 25 to 44, 25.3% from 45 to 64, and 19.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.5 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $33,024, and the median income for a family was $37,639. Males had a median income of $28,169 versus $21,380 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,149. About 9.4% of families and 13.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.4% of those under age 18 and 7.1% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the Town of Oxford

 * Brackett Lake – A small lake in the southeastern part of the town.
 * Cheshireville – A former community in the southern part of the town.
 * Coventry Station – A location southwest of Oxford village and northwest of South Oxford.
 * Ingraham Corners – A location northwest of Oxford village at the northern town line.
 * Northrups Corners – A location south of Oxford village.
 * Oxford – A village in the northern part of the town; located on Route NY-12 and NY220 by the Chenango River.
 * Oxford Station – A location southeast of Oxford village, located on County Road 35.
 * Puckerville Corners – A location near the eastern town line.
 * South Oxford – A hamlet southwest of Oxford village, located on County Road 32 (East River Road). The Sannick Family Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.
 * Walker Corners – A location east of South Oxford hamlet.

Notable people

 * Frances R. Brown, college president
 * Theodore Burr, inventor, engineer
 * Charles Benjamin Dudley, chemist, proponent of industrial standardization and president of ASTM International from 1902-1908
 * Maria Hyde Hibbard, born in Oxford; educator and temperance movement leader
 * Clarence H. McNeil, U.S. Army major general, born and raised in Oxford
 * Camille Paglia, author and academic
 * Thomas Ryan, born in Oxford, congressman from Kansas
 * Uri Tracy, missionary, founder of Oxford Academy, assemblyman and congressman

title: Oxford, New York


text:
Sherburne (village), New York

Sherburne is a village in Chenango County, New York, United States. The population was 1,367 at the 2010 census. It is in the town of Sherburne, north of Norwich.

History
The first settlement of the town of Sherburne took place near the present-day village circa 1792. The village of Sherburne was incorporated in 1830.

Geography
Sherburne is located slightly southwest of the geographic center of the town of Sherburne, at 42.67917°N, -75.4975°W (42.679302, -75.497518).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 3.9 sqkm, all land.

The Chenango River, a southward-flowing tributary of the Susquehanna River, forms the western boundary of the village.

The intersection of Route 12 (North and South Main Street) and NY-80 is in the village. NY 12 leads south 11 mi to Norwich, the county seat, and north 36 mi to Utica. NY 80 leads east 12 mi to New Berlin and west 13 mi to Otselic.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,455 people, 648 households, and 351 families residing in the village. The population density was 956.9 PD/sqmi. There were 700 housing units at an average density of 460.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.76% White, 0.48% Black or African American, 0.07% Native American, 0.07% Asian, 0.14% from other races, and 0.48% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.03% of the population.

There were 648 households, out of which 28.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.4% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.7% were non-families. 40.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 25.6% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 18.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $28,676, and the median income for a family was $39,844. Males had a median income of $31,080 versus $20,833 for females. The per capita income for the village was $18,248. About 13.3% of families and 18.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.3% of those under age 18 and 6.0% of those age 65 or over.

title: Sherburne (village), New York


text:
Sherburne, New York

Sherburne is a town in Chenango County, New York, United States. The population was 4,048 at the 2010 census. The town contains two villages, Sherburne and Earlville. The town is at the northern border of Chenango County.

History
The area that became Sherburne, part of the Chenango River valley, was originally inhabited by the Oneida people, until the late 1780s when the state of New York purchased the land from them. These parcels were later sold at auction in New York City.

The settlement of Sherburne occurred around 1792 near the present-day Sherburne village. The town was named after the tune "Sherburne", written by Daniel Read in 1783. The early inhabitants had a habit of frequently singing the tune, which was a great favorite with them. Most of the earliest inhabitants and settlers of Sherburne were originally from the town of Kent, Litchfield County, Connecticut. Sometime around 1785 or 1786, two years after the Treaty of Paris and Treaties of Versailles were signed on September 3, 1783, ending the American Revolutionary War, the future proprietors and pioneers of Sherburne left Kent and emigrated to Duanesburgh, Schenectady County, New York. After a few years there they had been unable to secure title to the lands on which they settled. It was at that point that they resolved to move again as a body to the Chenango Valley, which had just begun to open lands in the Twenty Townships.

In June 1791, Deacon and Judge Nathaniel Gray, Elisha Gray, Joel Hatch, Abram Raymond, Newcomb Raymond, and James Raymond visited these lands in the interest of the company as an exploring party, accompanied by Josiah Throop, chief of the corps who had surveyed the tract that and the preceding years. On their arrival they found that a family consisting of five men, one woman and some small children from Paris in Oneida County had squatted a few hours previously on Handsome Brook, and were occupying a bark cabin. There they found hospitable welcome through the night and in the morning were regaled by their hostess with new bread and beer, both her own making. This family remained but a short time, for they had left before the return of the exploring party.

The exploratory party examined the southwest quarter of the 9th township, containing 6222 acre, which they and their associates eventually bought of Colonel William S. Smith, to whom the township was patented by the state of New York for $1.25 per acre. The exploratory party returned to Duanesburgh with a good report sometime prior to October 9, 1791, for on that date, James Raymond married Melissa Burritt, the second daughter and child of Rev. Blackleach Burritt, the spiritual leader of the company, and of Martha Welles.

In the summer of 1792, the exploratory party returned, which was mainly composed of the original proprietors, and settled in a cabin near Handsome Brook. During the later summer and fall, the exploratory party had accomplished the work they had set out to do, and they returned to their families in Duanesburgh, except Abram Raymond and his wife, Betsey Gray Raymond, the daughter of John Gray and Elizabeth Skeel and sister of Nathaniel Gray.

Within a year, the first settlers of Sherburne established themselves on their newly acquired plots. And it was not confined alone to the proprietors and their families, most of whom arrived that time, but many of their friends and neighbors from Duanesburgh joined with them. There were the Grays from Beverly, Massachusetts, by way of Windham County and Sharon, Connecticut, two of whom, Nathaniel and John Gray Sr., had been soldiers in the French war, 1758, and the latter a member of the Committee of Public Safety in King's District, present Columbia County, during the Revolution,---both prominent members of the new settlement; there were the four Lathrop brothers, Capt. Josiah, Eleazer, John and Ezra, stalwart sons of Deacon Melatiah, who was of Kent, Connecticut, and Dover Plains and Canaan, New York, descendants of the honorable Lathrop family of New England, from Rev. John Lathrop, the noted Dissenter; the Hatch brothers, Squire Joel and Deacon Timothy, sons of Major Jethro Hatch of Kent, Conn., and descendants of Jonathan early of Hartwich on the Cape---men of marked individuality, without whom the settlement would have been incomplete; the three Raymond brothers, Newcomb, James and Abram, sons of David and Bethia Newcomb Raymond, from Kent, Conn., by way of Duanesburgh, of a family of Huguenots early of Norwalk, Connecticut, and still earlier (1690) of Beverly, Massachusetts,---sturdy, patriotic, true men; Cornelius Clark, a New Jersey Scotchman with a Dutch Bible, and a compass and chain, and knowledge of how to use them---an invaluable aid to the settlers and a useful member of the new community; the eminently respectable Elmores from Columbia County, New York, whither they had come from Sharon and Hartford, Connecticut; the honorable Benedict family from Norwalk, Connecticut, by way of Westchester County, New York; the Northrops from Milford, Connecticut, by way of Westchester County; Lorain and James Curtis from the Curtis family of Stratford, Connecticut, by way of Berkshire County, Massachusetts; the Isaac Foote family, so prominent in the early days here, from Colchester, Connecticut, and of Samuel Foote, kindred of Isaac, from Gill, Massachusetts, both descendants of Nathaniel Foote early of Wethersfield, Connecticut; the Dixons from Manchester, Vermont, by way of Kent and Lebanon, Connecticut; the Rexfords from New Haven and Barkhamsted, Connecticut; the Pratt family from Connecticut, by way of Spencertown, Columbia County, New York; the Talcotts from Bolton and Wethersfield, Connecticut; the White family from Vermont by way of Jericho, New York; the Guthries from Litchfield, Connecticut; the Purdy family from Westchester County, descendants of Francis and Mary Purdy early of Fairfield, Connecticut; the Babcock, and Briggs, and Wilcox, and Lyon, and Reynolds, and Carpenter families from Rhode Island; the Reese and Race families from Stockbridge, Massachusetts; the Percivals from the Cape, by way of Lee, Massachusetts; the Gardiners from Gardiners Island, by way of Stonington and Colchester, Connecticut; the Newtons, also from Colchester; the Collins, and Billings, and Davis, and Sexton families from Somers, Connecticut; the Averys from Stonington, Connecticut, by way of Durham, New York; the Allen and Simons families from Gill, Massachusetts; the Thompsons and Wilbers from Dutchess County; the Lynde and Carver families from Brookfield, Massachusetts; Orsamus Holmes from Springfield, Vermont; the Gortons from New London, Connecticut; the Stebbins family from Hartland, Connecticut; the Burritt and Welles families from Stratford, Connecticut; the Brown, Whitney, Rose, and Eaton families from Winhall, Vermont; the Hibbards and Meads from Greenwich, Connecticut; the Perrys, Haxtons, and Scovilles, from Columbia County, New York; the Follett family from Vermont; the Mudge family from Sharon, Connecticut, and Columbia County, New York; the Rynex from Schenectady County; the Kinsleys from Connecticut, and the Austins from Sheffield, Massachusetts, by way of Clinton, New York. The advance company arrived on a Saturday night in March 1793. Their first organization of the town was that of the Congregational Church of Sherburne, founded on July 6, 1794.

The town of Sherburne was created in 1795 from the town of Paris (now in Oneida County). The town of Smyrna was formed from part of Sherburne in 1808, and the size of Sherburne was increased by annexing part of the town of New Berlin in 1852.

The opening of the Chenango Canal in 1837 between Utica and Binghamton, which ran right down the middle of Sherburne, greatly reduced the cost and time of receiving goods and supplies. During the Civil War, Union soldiers set up camp on the banks of the canal, on what is now the home of Westlake Village. The railroad, like elsewhere around New York, replaced the canal in 1867, and two trains came through town on a daily basis.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Sherburne has a total area of 112.9 sqkm, of which 0.05 sqkm, or 0.05%, is water.

The Chenango River, a tributary of the Susquehanna River, flows southwards through the town.

The northern town line is the border of Madison County.

New York State Route 12, a north-south highway, intersects New York State Route 12B north of Sherburne village and intersects New York State Route 80 within the village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,979 people, 1,619 households, and 1,065 families residing in the town. The population density was 91.3 PD/sqmi. There were 1,770 housing units at an average density of 40.6 /mi2. The racial makeup of the town was 98.74% White, 0.23% Black or African American, 0.03% Native American, 0.13% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.25% from other races, and 0.58% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.78% of the population.

There were 1,619 households, out of which 32.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.4% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.2% were non-families. 28.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.5% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 15.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $31,841, and the median income for a family was $39,094. Males had a median income of $30,477 versus $22,458 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,281. About 13.3% of families and 16.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.4% of those under age 18 and 4.2% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the town

 * Earlville – A village, part of which is within the northern edge of the town on Route 12B.
 * Harrisville – A hamlet east of Sherburne village on NY Route 80.
 * Rexford Falls – A waterfall located east of the Village of Sherburne.
 * Sherburne – A village located at the intersection of NY Route 12 and NY-80.
 * Sherburne Four Corners – A hamlet southwest of Sherburne village on County Road 20, located in the southwestern corner of the town so that it is partly within three other towns of Chenango County.

Notable people

 * Alida Avery (1833–1908) American physician and Vassar College faculty member, noted suffragette, first woman to practice medicine in Colorado
 * George Ripley Bliss (1816–1893), clergyman and educator who served as president of Bucknell University
 * Blackleach Burritt (1744–1794), a noted Congregational clergyman in the American Revolution. He preached the first sermon in Sherburne in 1792.
 * Randy Glasbergen (1957–2015), cartoonist
 * John Franklin Gray (1804–1881), first practitioner of homeopathy in the United States
 * Levi E. Knapp (1826–1919), member of the Wisconsin State Assembly
 * Marcius D. Raymond (1833–1911), publisher, writer and historian; author of Souvenir of the Sherburne Centennial Celebration

title: Sherburne, New York


text:
Smyrna (village), New York

Smyrna is a village in Chenango County, New York, United States. The population was 213 at the 2010 census. The village is located in the town of Smyrna and is near the northern border of Chenango County.

History
The village of Smyrna was incorporated in 1829.

Geography
Smyrna village is located in the eastern part of the town of Smyrna at 42.68611°N, -75.57111°W (42.686328, -75.571284). It is located on New York State Route 80 at the junction of County Road 20. The village of Sherburne is 4 mi to the east, and the hamlet of Otselic is 8 mi to the west on NY-80.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village of Smyrna has a total area of 0.6 sqkm, all land. Pleasant Brook, an eastward-flowing tributary of the Chenango River, forms the southern boundary of the village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 241 people, 79 households, and 57 families residing in the village. The population density was 981.7 PD/sqmi. There were 92 housing units at an average density of 374.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.76% White, 0.41% Native American, and 0.83% from two or more races.

There were 79 households, out of which 39.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.2% were married couples living together, 10.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.8% were non-families. 20.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.05 and the average family size was 3.56.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 33.6% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 26.6% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.0 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $35,000, and the median income for a family was $33,125. Males had a median income of $25,625 versus $17,500 for females. The per capita income for the village was $12,310. About 15.8% of families and 12.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.6% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those 65 or over.

title: Smyrna (village), New York


text:
Smyrna, New York

Smyrna is a town in Chenango County, New York, United States. The population was 1,280 at the 2010 census. Smyrna is named after a coastal city in ancient Greece, nowadays modern Izmir in Turkey.

The town contains a village also named Smyrna. The town is on the county's northern border.

History
The land was settled around 1792. The town of Smyrna was founded in 1808 as "Stafford" from part of the town of Sherburne. Within a month, the name was changed to "Smyrna".

The Smyrna Elementary School was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996. The Smyrna Town Hall-Opera House was listed in 2008.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 109.2 sqkm, of which 109.0 sqkm is land and 0.2 sqkm, or 0.18%, is water.

The northern town line is the border of Madison County.

New York State Route 80 is an east-west highway in the town.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,418 people, 472 households, and 371 families residing in the town. The population density was 33.7 PD/sqmi. There were 608 housing units at an average density of 14.4 per square mile (5.6/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.45% White, 0.92% Native American, 0.14% Asian, and 0.49% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.28% of the population.

There were 472 households, out of which 40.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.1% were married couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.2% were non-families. 16.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.00 and the average family size was 3.35.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 32.2% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 28.9% from 25 to 44, 23.2% from 45 to 64, and 8.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 108.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $31,607, and the median income for a family was $34,125. Males had a median income of $25,313 versus $21,111 for females. The per capita income for the town was $11,541. About 16.6% of families and 17.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.5% of those under age 18 and 14.4% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the Town of Smyrna

 * Beaver Meadow – A hamlet at the western town line on County Road 16.
 * Bonney – A hamlet in the northwestern part of the town on NY Route 80.
 *  Pleasant Brook – A stream flowing eastward through the center of the town. It is a tributary of the Chenango River, part of the Susquehanna River watershed.
 * Sherburne Four Corners – A hamlet on County Road 20 on the town line at the southeastern corner of the town so that it is situated in four towns of the county.
 * Smyrna – The village of Smyrna on NY-80 at County Road 20.
 * Upperville – A hamlet northwest of Smyrna village on NY-80. It is the location of the historic Upperville Meeting House, added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

Notable people

 * Willard W. Isham, Wisconsin state assemblyman
 * Milo Kelsey, Wisconsin state assemblyman
 * William H. Kelsey, US congressman
 * Brigham Young, Latter Day Saint leader, lived in Smyrna as a child. A historical marker at the corner of County Route 21 and Cole Road indicates the approximate former location of his boyhood home.
 * Charlie Palmer, chef

title: Smyrna, New York


text:
Altona (CDP), New York

Altona is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Altona, Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 730 at the 2010 census, out of a total town population of 2,887.

Geography
The hamlet of Altona is located in the northern part of the town of Altona at 44.89°N, -73.6525°W (44.890096, -73.65272). The Great Chazy River flows along the southeastern edge of the hamlet, dropping 150 ft in elevation in 1.7 mi. The Ganienkeh Community of the Mohawk people is southwest of the hamlet.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the Altona CDP has a total area of 4.4 sqkm, all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,056 people, 140 households, and 89 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 628.6 PD/sqmi. There were 157 housing units at an average density of 93.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 49.43% White, 35.42% Black or African American, 0.76% Native American, 0.19% Asian, 13.83% from other races, and 0.38% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23.58% of the population.

There were 140 households, out of which 27.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.9% were married couples living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.4% were non-families. 30.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.78.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 7.0% under the age of 18, 13.3% from 18 to 24, 56.0% from 25 to 44, 16.9% from 45 to 64, and 6.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 532.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 611.6 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $44,688, and the median income for a family was $51,528. Males had a median income of $24,628 versus $23,864 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $17,535. About 6.8% of families and 14.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.8% of those under age 18 and 10.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Altona (CDP), New York


text:
Altona, New York

Altona is a town in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 2,887 at the 2010 census. The town was named after the Altona, Hamburg, district of Germany (which was an independent Danish, later Prussian town at the time of foundation of Altona, NY). The town contains a hamlet also called Altona.

The town is located in north-central Clinton County. The western part is inside the Adirondack Park boundary, but the entire town is specifically excluded from the park by statute. Altona is northwest of Plattsburgh.

History
The area was home to various cultures of indigenous peoples for thousands of years. Archeological studies have found that by 1300 CE, the St. Lawrence Iroquoians, a distinct group who spoke the Laurentian language, built fortified villages similar to those visited and described by explorer Jacques Cartier in the mid-16th century. They are believed to have been pushed out and defeated later in that century by the Mohawk, one of the Five Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy.

The first European-American settler arrived circa 1800, after the American Revolution, when New York attracted migrants from New England. In 1857, the town was formed from part of the Town of Chazy. The early economy was based on natural resources: mining, logging, and tanning.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 262.5 sqkm, of which 261.5 sqkm is land and 0.9 sqkm, or 0.35%, is water. Most of the town is drained by the Great Chazy River, while the southeastern section is drained by the Little Chazy River and Corbeau Creek. All of the water bodies flow eventually to Lake Champlain.

New York State Route 190 (Military Turnpike) is a northwest–southeast highway in the town. U.S. Route 11 crosses the northwestern corner of Altona.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,160 people, 888 households, and 653 families residing in the town. The population density was 31.3 PD/sqmi. There were 1,007 housing units at an average density of 10.0 per square mile (3.8/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 82.50% White, 11.96% Black or African American, 0.35% Native American, 0.13% Asian, 4.75% from other races, and 0.32% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 8.10% of the population.

There were 888 households, out of which 38.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.7% were married couples living together, 8.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.4% were non-families. 19.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.12.

The age distribution was 21.9% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 41.1% from 25 to 44, 19.9% from 45 to 64, and 7.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 161.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 184.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $37,500, and the median income for a family was $41,442. Males had a median income of $31,217 versus $25,491 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,312. About 8.6% of families and 12.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.7% of those under age 18 and 25.7% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Altona

 * Alder Bend – A hamlet in the western part of the town, within the Adirondack Park.
 * Altona – The hamlet of Altona is in the northern part of the town.
 * Altona Correctional Facility – A New York medium security prison, built around a former high school that was given over in 1983. It is located within Altona hamlet, north of the hamlet center.
 * Crowley Corners – A hamlet, on NY-190, southwest of Altona hamlet.
 * Dannemora Crossing – A hamlet at the western town line.
 * Forest – A hamlet in the northwestern part of the town, west of Irona.
 * Ganienkeh – A Mohawk settlement obtained in an agreement with New York State in the 1970s after the occupation of Moss Lake.
 * Irona – A hamlet near the northern town line, northwest of Altona hamlet.
 * Jericho – A hamlet near the southern border of the town.
 * Miner Lake – A lake near the geographic center of the town, southwest of Altona hamlet.
 * Miner Lake State Park – a park surrounding Miner Lake.
 * Purdys Mills – A hamlet in the southern part of the town.
 * Robinson – A hamlet in the southeastern part of the town.

title: Altona, New York


text:
Champlain (village), New York

Champlain is a village in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 1,101 at the 2010 census. The village is located in the town of Champlain, approximately 4 mi west of Lake Champlain, and is north of Plattsburgh.

History
The lake and the village were named in honor of Samuel de Champlain, who first surveyed the area in 1609. It was part of Canada until 1763, and became part of the United States in 1783.

Champlain was an important staging point in the War of 1812.

The village was incorporated in 1873.

Geography
Champlain village is located in the north-central part of the town of Champlain at 44.98668°N, -73.44637°W (44.986678, -73.446373). Interstate 87 (the Adirondack Northway) runs past the western side of the village, with access from exits 42 and 43. Montreal is 41 mi to the north, and Plattsburgh is 22 mi to the south. US 9 passes through the village and intersects US 11 south of the village. NY 276 intersects US-11 east of Champlain.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 3.7 sqkm, of which 3.6 sqkm is land and 0.1 sqkm, or 2.71%, is water. The village is west of Lake Champlain and just south of the international border with Quebec. The Great Chazy River flows through the village to Lake Champlain.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,173 people, 521 households, and 309 families residing in the village. The population density was 836.7 PD/sqmi. There were 582 housing units at an average density of 415.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.19% White, 0.77% Black or African American, 0.26% Native American, 0.51% Asian, 0.09% from other races, and 1.19% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.02% of the population.

There were 521 households, out of which 29.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.0% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.5% were non-families. 35.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.0% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 18.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.0 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $30,677, and the median income for a family was $38,611. Males had a median income of $32,361 versus $20,263 for females. The per capita income for the village was $18,903. About 7.6% of families and 10.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.9% of those under age 18 and 8.2% of those age 65 or over.

title: Champlain (village), New York


text:
Champlain, New York

Champlain is a town in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 5,754 at the 2010 census. The town is located on the western shore of Lake Champlain, near the northern end of Lake Champlain and is on the U.S./Canadian border.

The town occupies the northeastern corner of Clinton County and the state of New York. Within the town are two villages: Champlain and Rouses Point.

History
Nearby Lake Champlain was an important military and trade route during the colonial period. The lake and the town were named in honor of Samuel de Champlain, who first surveyed the area in 1609. It was part of Canada until 1763 and became part of the United States in 1783.

The town was formed in 1788, the same year the county was established. In 1799, the town was reduced by the formation of the town of Chateaugay (now in Franklin County). The founding of the towns of Chazy and Mooers, in 1804, further reduced Champlain.

Champlain is on the border with Canada and contains three border crossings: Champlain, Overton Corners, and Rouses Point. The Champlain Port of Entry on Interstate 87 is one of the four most important commercial gateways on the northern border, connecting New York City to the south with Montreal to the north, via Quebec Autoroute 15.

Geography
Champlain is approximately 43 mi south of Montreal. According to the 2010 United States census, the town has a total area of 152.3 sqkm, of which 132.7 sqkm is land and 19.6 sqkm, or 12.90%, is water.

Lake Champlain and the Richelieu River are on the eastern edge of the town, which shares a border with Grand Isle County, Vermont. The town line to the north is the international border with Saint-Bernard-de-Lacolle, Quebec, Canada.

The 176 mi Adirondack Northway (I-87) is a major north-south highway that begins at the Canadian border at Champlain and travels south to Albany, connecting to the New York State Thruway. US 9 parallels I-87, and U.S. Route 11 runs north-south across the town. US 2 intersects US-11 by Rouses Point. New York State Route 9B intersects US-11 in the northeast and US-9 in the southern part of Champlain, providing a highway closer to Lake Champlain. New York State Route 276 partly runs along the international border.

Demographics
As of the 2000 census, there were 5,791 people, 2,386 households, and 1,562 families residing in the town. The population density was 113.1 PD/sqmi. There were 2,718 housing units at an average density of 53.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.74% White, 0.52% Black or African American, 0.29% Native American, 0.36% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.26% from other races, and 0.81% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.00% of the population.

There were 2,386 households, out of which 31.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.0% were married couples living together, 10.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.5% were non-families. 28.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.0% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $37,775, and the median income for a family was $46,113. Males had a median income of $35,198 versus $26,345 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,987. About 6.7% of families and 9.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.5% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the town

 * Catfish Point – A location on the shore of Lake Champlain by Kings Bay.
 * Champlain – A village in the central part of the town near the US-9 and US-11 intersection.
 * Coopersville – A hamlet by the Great Chazy River on NY-9B. It was also known as "Corbeau" and settled circa 1789.
 * Corbeau Creek – An important tributary of the Great Chazy River.
 * Great Chazy River – A river flowing through the town to King Bay in Lake Champlain.
 * Kings Bay – A bay of Lake Champlain, south of Rouses Point.
 * Kings Bay Wildlife Management Area – A state conservation area on the shore of Lake Champlain.
 * Perry Mills – A hamlet in the northwestern part of the town on the Great Chazy River. Roxham Road here is the place where more people cross from the U.S. into Canada irregularly to seek asylum, than any other point on the Canada–United States border.
 * Point au Fer – A peninsula in Lake Champlain south of Rouses Point, and site of Revolutionary War-era Point Au Fer Fort.
 * Rouses Point – A village in the northeastern part of the town near Lake Champlain.
 * Scales Point – A location on Lake Champlain by Kings Bay.
 * Twin Bridges – A location on the western town line at the Great Chazy River.

Notable people

 * Jehudi Ashmun, born in Champlain, was a religious leader who promoted the settlement of blacks in Liberia.

title: Champlain, New York


text:
Dannemora (village), New York

Dannemora is a village located in the towns of Dannemora and Saranac in Clinton County, New York, United States. It is best known as the location for Clinton Correctional Facility, also known colloquially as Dannemora. The population was 3,936 (approximately 2,800 to 3,000 of this number are prison inmates) at the 2010 census. The village is named after Dannemora, Sweden, an iron-making town from where early settlers of this area had emigrated.

The northern half of the village is in the town of Dannemora, while the southern half is in the town of Saranac. The ZIP code is 12929.

Primary and secondary education is provided by the Saranac Central School District.

History
The village of Dannemora was incorporated in 1901. Permanent settlement had begun in 1838. The early economy was based on mining and smelting iron, but this industry did not become significant until approximately 1843.

Clinton Prison (now known as the Clinton Correctional Facility) was opened in 1845 to employ convicts to work in the iron industry. In the 21st century, it is classified as a maximum security facility. It houses long-term prisoners and is one of the largest prisons in the state. It is located in the northern portion of the village.

From 1900 to 1972, Dannemora also contained the Dannemora Hospital for the Criminally Insane (also known by other names). After being closed for the mentally ill, this facility was used for a variety of prison programs by the Department of Corrections. As a result, Dannemora has become a synonym among many in the state for the place where many of its criminally insane are confined.

Geography
Dannemora is located at 44.72083°N, -73.71889°W (44.720878, -73.718904).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 3.0 sqkm, all land.

The entire village of Dannemora is located within the boundary of Adirondack Park. However, the town of Dannemora is excluded from the park by statute. This means that the portion of the village lying within the town of Dannemora, including the Clinton Correctional Facility, is outside Adirondack Park, while the portion inside the town of Saranac is included in the park.

New York State Route 374, an east-west highway, passes through the village as Cook Street.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,129 people, 469 households, and 326 families residing in the village. The population density was 3,423.2 PD/sqmi. There were 516 housing units at an average density of 427.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 49.07% White, 37.95% Black or African American, 0.56% Native American, 0.97% Asian, 10.49% from other races, and 0.97% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 18.65% of the population.

There were 469 households, out of which 35.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 15.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.3% were non-families. 23.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 8.9% under the age of 18, 12.6% from 18 to 24, 58.2% from 25 to 44, 16.1% from 45 to 64, and 4.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 525.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 682.1 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $42,500, and the median income for a family was $47,019. Males had a median income of $24,753 versus $24,286 for females. The per capita income for the village was $18,872. About 13.5% of families and 14.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 28.1% of those under age 18 and 4.1% of those age 65 or over.

Note: The census counts prisoners as part of the jurisdictions where they are incarcerated. With the all-male state prison in Dannemora, the ethnicity and gender data for the village is different from that of the general village population and the population of neighboring non-prison towns, because a disproportionate percentage of the prison population is male and black or Hispanic. Household and family statistics, however, do not include the prison population.

Notable people

 * Robert Garrow (1936–1978), spree killer

title: Dannemora (village), New York


text:
Dannemora, New York

Dannemora is a town in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 4,037 at the 2020 census, down from 4,898 in 2010. The town is named after Dannemora, Sweden, an important iron-mining region.

The town of Dannemora contains a village also called Dannemora, the southern portion of which is located in the town of Saranac. Both village and town are on the western border of Clinton County, west of Plattsburgh.

History
The area was first colonized circa 1838. Clinton Correctional Facility was opened in the area in 1845, so as to utilize the prisoners in local mining operations. The town of Dannemora was formed in 1854 from the town of Beekmantown.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Dannemora has a total area of 170.5 sqkm, of which 153.0 sqkm is land and 17.5 sqkm, or 10.27%, is water.

The western town line is the border of Franklin County.

Most of the town is within the Adirondack Park, on the western side of the county. However, the statute defining the Adirondack Park specifically excludes Dannemora and nearby Altona, due to the prison facilities located in both towns.

New York State Route 374 is an east-west highway in Dannemora. Chazy Lake is a large water body that occupies the center of the town. The Great Chazy River begins at the northern end of Chazy Lake and is an eastward-flowing tributary of Lake Champlain. Upper Chateaugay Lake, near the western border of the town, empties through the Chateaugay Narrows into Lower Chateaugay Lake in Franklin County, which marks the beginning of the Chateaugay River, a northward-flowing tributary of the St. Lawrence River.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,149 people, 850 households, and 584 families residing in the town. The population density was 87.0 PD/sqmi. There were 1,253 housing units at an average density of 21.2 per square mile (8.2/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 56.30% White, 32.34% Black or African American, 0.54% Native American, 0.85% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, 8.95% from other races, and 0.97% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 15.87% of the population.

There were 850 households, out of which 30.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.2% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.2% were non-families. Of all households 26.6% were made up of individuals, and 14.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.91.

The age distribution was 10.3% under the age of 18, 11.7% from 18 to 24, 53.6% from 25 to 44, 18.0% from 45 to 64, and 6.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 367.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 446.6 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $37,805, and the median income for a family was $43,850. Males had a median income of $27,045 versus $25,132 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,614. About 13.6% of families and 14.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.3% of those under age 18 and 5.8% of those age 65 or over.

Note: The census counts prisoners based on where they are incarcerated. With the all-male state prison in Dannemora, the data listed above, except for household and family data, is likely to be skewed in comparison with the remainder of the town population and the population of neighboring non-prison towns, particularly with regard to ethnicity and the female:male ratio, because a disproportionate percentage of the prison population is male and black or Hispanic.

Education
Saranac Central School District is the local school district.

Communities and locations in the town

 * Chazy Lake: A lake centrally located in the town.
 * Chazy Lake: A hamlet on the western side of Chazy Lake.
 * Clinton Correctional Facility (also known as "Dannemora"): One of New York State's maximum security prisons is located in the village of Dannemora. (Lucky Luciano once served time there.) The site also formerly housed the state's mental hospital for the criminally insane.
 * Dannemora: The village of Dannemora is on the southern town line, located on NY-374.
 * Dannemora Mountain: A small mountain north of the village.
 * Ledger Corners: A location near the northern town line on NY-374.
 * Lyon Mountain: The hamlet of Lyon Mountain is in the western part of the town.
 * Lyon Mountain Correctional Facility: Formerly a minimum security prison located in the western part of the town.
 * Seine Bay: A small bay in Chazy Lake north of the community of Chazy Lake.
 * Upper Chateaugay Lake: A lake in the northwestern corner of the town.

title: Dannemora, New York


text:
Mooers (CDP), New York

Mooers, formerly Mooers-upon-the-Chazy, is a hamlet and census-designated place in the town of Mooers, in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 442 at the 2010 census, out of a total population of 3,592 in the town. It was once an incorporated village, but dissolved in 1994.

Mooers is in northern New York state, near the Canada–United States border with the Canadian province of Quebec.

Geography
The hamlet of Mooers is located in the eastern part of the town of Mooers at 44.96028°N, -73.58333°W (44.96053, -73.58337), 3 mi south of the Canada–US border. The community is at the junction of U.S. Route 11 and New York State Route 22 on the north side of the Great Chazy River. US-11 leads east 6 mi to Interstate 87 at the village of Champlain and west 27 mi to Chateaugay, while NY-22 leads south 20 mi to Plattsburgh, the county seat.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the Mooers CDP has a total area of 3.2 sqkm, of which 3.1 sqkm is land and 0.1 sqkm, or 3.08%, is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 440 people, 184 households, and 126 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 370.9 PD/sqmi. There were 212 housing units at an average density of 178.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.18% White, 0.23% Black or African American, 0.23% Native American, 0.23% Asian, 0.45% from other races, and 0.68% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.14% of the population.

There were 184 households, out of which 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.6% were married couples living together, 12.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.5% were non-families. 28.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 23.9% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 25.2% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 20.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.4 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $25,250, and the median income for a family was $30,817. Males had a median income of $31,071 versus $16,767 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $14,324. About 11.1% of families and 19.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 43.0% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

title: Mooers (CDP), New York


text:
Mooers, New York

Mooers is a town in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 3,592 at the 2010 census. The town is named after Benjamin Mooers, an early settler.

The town forms part of the northern border of Clinton County and is northwest of Plattsburgh.

History
The region was first settled c. 1796. The town of Mooers was formed from part of the town of Champlain in 1804. In 1830, part of the town was used to create the new town of Ellenburg.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, Mooers has a total area of 227.7 sqkm, of which 227.0 sqkm is land and 0.8 sqkm, or 0.33%, is water.

The northern town line is the Canada–US border with Quebec, Canada. The Great Chazy River flows eastward through the town.

U.S. Route 11 runs east–west through Mooers, intersecting with the northern terminus of New York State Route 22 in Mooers village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,404 people, 1,264 households, and 942 families residing in the town. The population density was 38.8 PD/sqmi. There were 1,431 housing units at an average density of 16.3 per square mile (6.3/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.09% White, 0.21% Black or African American, 0.56% Native American, 0.24% Asian, 0.24% from other races, and 0.68% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.79% of the population.

There were 1,264 households, out of which 36.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.0% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.4% were non-families. 20.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.8% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 32.1% from 25 to 44, 22.8% from 45 to 64, and 11.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $39,152, and the median income for a family was $41,908. Males had a median income of $32,033 versus $25,255 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,645. About 6.2% of families and 10.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.8% of those under age 18 and 11.9% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Mooers

 * Angellville – A former community once located in the southeastern part of Mooers.
 * Cannon Corners – A hamlet in the western part of the town at Cannon Corners and Davison roads, which is situated between Mooers Forks and the Canada–US border.
 * English River – A small stream in the western part of the town.
 * Mooers – The hamlet of Mooers is located in the eastern part of the town, at the junction of US-11 and NY-22 at the Chazy River. The community was once called "Mooers-upon-the-Chazy".
 * Mooers Forks (formerly "Centerville") – A hamlet near the geographic center of the town on US-11.
 * Twin Bridges – A hamlet on the eastern town line on US-11.
 * Whitney Corners – A hamlet west of Mooers Forks.
 * Woods Falls – A hamlet in the southern part of the town, south of Mooers Forks.

title: Mooers, New York


text:
Peru (CDP), New York

Peru is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) within the town of Peru in Clinton County in the U.S. state of New York. The population of the CDP was 1,591 at the 2010 census, out of a population of 6,998 in the town as a whole.

Geography
The hamlet of Peru is located east of the geographic center of the town of Peru, at 44.57944°N, -73.53028°W (44.579556, -73.530539). It is situated on the Little Ausable River, which flows east 6 mi to Lake Champlain.

The community is located at the junction of routes 22 and 22B. Interstate 87, the Adirondack Northway, passes 1 mi east of the hamlet, with access from exit 35. Plattsburgh, the Clinton county seat, is 11 mi north, while Keeseville is 6 mi to the south.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the Peru CDP has a total area of 4.1 sqkm, all land.

Demographics
The CDP describes the more densely populated central area within the town. The U.S. census reports data on CDP in order to provide separate demographic reporting for urbanized areas. The population and area reported here are also included in the aggregate values reported for the town as a whole, see: Peru, New York.

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,514 people, 543 households, and 415 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 944.8 PD/sqmi. There were 558 housing units at an average density of 348.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.82% White, 0.73% Black or African American, 0.07% Native American, 0.79% Asian, and 0.59% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.53% of the population.

There were 543 households, out of which 37.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.1% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.4% were non-families. 19.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.07.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 26.7% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 26.5% from 25 to 44, 23.2% from 45 to 64, and 16.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.8 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $36,442, and the median income for a family was $43,125. Males had a median income of $31,528 versus $25,859 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $17,142. About 9.1% of families and 14.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.0% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those age 65 or over.

Culture
In autumn, the village celebrates the annual apple fest. The two-day festival includes a parade, carnival-style games, a bake sale, and live music.

title: Peru (CDP), New York


text:
Peru, New York

Peru is a town in Clinton County in the U.S. state of New York. The population was 6,772 at the 2020 census. The town was so named for its views of the Adirondack Mountains to the west and the farmlands throughout the town, resembling scenery found in the country of Peru in South America. Peru, New York, is in the southeastern part of Clinton County, south of Plattsburgh.

History
The area was first settled by Connor VanNess in 1772. The Battle of Valcour Island was fought in Lake Champlain in the eastern part of Peru in 1776.

Peru was formed from parts of the towns of Plattsburgh and Willsboro (the latter now in Essex County) in 1792. Part of Peru was returned to Willsboro in 1799. In 1838, part of the town was used to form the towns of Au Sable and Black Brook.

On April 20, 2002, around 6:50 am, a magnitude 5.2 earthquake was centered in the western part of Peru, 15 mi southwest of Plattsburgh with only marginal damages.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Peru has a total area of 239.3 sqkm, of which 204.3 sqkm is land and 34.9 sqkm, or 14.60%, is water.

The eastern part of the town fronts on Lake Champlain, and the eastern town line, in the center of the lake, is the state border with Vermont. The Ausable River forms part of the southern town line, and the Little Ausable River flows eastward through the southern section of Peru.

The Adirondack Northway (Interstate 87) and U.S. Route 9 are north–south highways through the town. New York State Route 22, New York State Route 22B, and New York State Route 442 (an east–west highway), also known as the Bear Swamp Road, intersect at Peru village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 6,370 people, 2,309 households, and 1,777 families residing in the town. The population density was 80.3 PD/sqmi. There were 2,510 housing units at an average density of 31.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.22% White, 0.91% Black or African American, 0.08% Native American, 0.61% Asian, 0.16% from other races, and 1.02% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.85% of the population.

There were 2,309 households, out of which 39.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.4% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.0% were non-families. 18.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.07.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.3% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 30.4% from 25 to 44, 23.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $39,051, and the median income for a family was $47,853. Males had a median income of $32,196 versus $23,984 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,676. About 7.6% of families and 11.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.3% of those under age 18 and 9.6% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Peru

 * Clark Corners – A location west of Peru village.
 * Coffey Corners – A location near the northern town line, north of Peru village.
 * Cromie Corners – A location northwest of Peru village.
 * Day Point – A location on the shore of Lake Champlain, opposite Valcour Island.
 * Lapham's Mills (formerly "Bartonville") – A hamlet northeast of Peru village, near the Northway.
 * Macomb Reservation State Park – A state park at the northern town line.
 * Peasleeville – A location west of the town.
 * Peru – The hamlet of Peru is at the junction of NY Route 22 and NY Route 22B in the east-central part of the town. It was first settled circa 1795.
 * South Junction – A hamlet at the northeastern town line.
 * Valcour (formerly "Port Valcour") – A hamlet on the shore of Lake Champlain and US-9.
 * Valcour Island – The southern 80% of this island in Lake Champlain is part of the town.

Notable people

 * Asa Adgate (1767–1832), congressman from New York, held several local government positions here
 * Frances Elizabeth "Fran" Allen (1932–2020), IBM computer scientist raised in Peru.
 * Charles H. Anson (1841–1928), Wisconsin state legislator and businessman, was born in Peru.
 * Frank A. Anson (1844–1909), Wisconsin state legislator and businessman, was born in Peru.
 * James Henry Lockwood (1793–1857), lawyer, fur trapper, merchant
 * Francis A. Pratt (1827–1902), Connecticut mechanical engineer, inventor, and founder of Pratt & Whitney

title: Peru, New York


text:
Plattsburgh (town), New York

Plattsburgh is a town in Clinton County, New York, United States. The population was 11,886 at the 2020 census. The town is named after Zephaniah Platt, an early land owner, and it surrounds the separate and more populous city of the same name. The town is in the eastern part of the county, in the North Country region of the state of New York. The region's airport, Plattsburgh International Airport, is located in the southern part of the town.

History
The town was established in 1785, but parts were later removed to form other county towns: Peru (1792), Beekmantown (1820), Saranac (1824), and Schuyler Falls (1848). The village of Plattsburgh was incorporated within the town in 1815, then made a city in 1902.

The Battle of Plattsburgh was fought in 1814 on Lake Champlain during the War of 1812.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 176.7 sqkm, of which 118.9 sqkm is land and 57.7 sqkm, or 32.68%, is water.

The town borders Lake Champlain, separating it from the U.S. state of Vermont across the lake. The Saranac River flows eastward through the town to Lake Champlain.

The Adirondack Northway (Interstate 87), U.S. Route 9, and New York State Route 22 are north-south highways through the town. New York State Route 3, New York State Route 22B, and New York State Route 374 are east-west highways. New York State Route 190 intersects NY-22B and NY-374 in Plattsburgh.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 11,190 people, 4,367 households, and 3,091 families residing in the town. The population density was 244.9 PD/sqmi. There were 4,875 housing units at an average density of 106.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 96.68% white, 1.07% black or African American, .38% Native American, .55% Asian, .01% Pacific Islander, .44% from other races, and .88% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.04% of the population.

There were 4,367 households, out of which 33.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.0% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.2% were non-families. 21.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.6% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 29.7% from 25 to 44, 25% from 45 to 64, and 12.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $41,713, and the median income for a family was $50,277. Males had a median income of $36,542 versus $25,565 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,385. About 8.8% of families and 11.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.2% of those under age 18 and 14.4% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the town

 * Cadyville – A hamlet in the southwestern part of the town, on NY-3 and the Saranac River.
 * Champlain Park – A hamlet on Cumberland Head in the northeastern part of the town.
 * Cliff Haven – A neighborhood on the shore of Lake Champlain south of the city of Plattsburgh.
 * Clinton County Airport (PLB) – A closed airport west of the city by NY-22B.
 * Colligan Point – A location on the eastern shore of Cumberland Head.
 * Crab Island – A small island and undeveloped state park in Lake Champlain, east of Cliff Haven.
 * Cumberland Bay – A bay of Lake Champlain formed by Cumberland Head on its east side. The city of Plattsburgh is sited on the west shore of the bay.
 * Cumberland Bay State Park – A state park in the northeastern part of the town, on Cumberland Head.
 * Cumberland Head – A peninsula on the Lake Champlain shoreline, known for its unique style of Monte Cristo sandwich.
 * Elsinor – A hamlet at the west town line on NY-3 and the Saranac River.
 * Everest Rabideau Park – A park on Cumberland Head.
 * Halseys Corners – A hamlet near the city of Plattsburgh by the Northway.
 * Lawless Corners – A hamlet on the northern town line, north of West Plattsburgh.
 * Martin Point – A location on the eastern shore of Cumberland Head.
 * Morrisonville – A hamlet at the south town line on NY-22B and the Saranac River.
 * Plattsburgh – The city of Plattsburgh is situated in what was once the east-central part of the town.
 * Plattsburgh International Airport – The current airport of the area, located on the site of the former Plattsburgh Air Force Base, south of the city of Plattsburgh.
 * Pleasant Ridge Corners – A hamlet southwest of the city and north of South Plattsburgh.
 * Rocky Point – A hamlet on Cumberland Head.
 * South Junction – A hamlet near Lake Champlain in the southeastern section of the town.
 * South Plattsburgh – A hamlet by the town line in the southeastern part of the town on NY-22.
 * Valcour Island – The northern end of the island is in the town.
 * West Plattsburgh – A hamlet in the north central part of the town on NY-374.
 * Woodruff Pond – A small lake north of Cumberland Head.

Census-designated places in the town

 * Cumberland Head
 * Morrisonville (partially in the town)
 * Parc
 * Plattsburgh West

title: Plattsburgh (town), New York