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Reedsburg, Wisconsin

Reedsburg is a city in Sauk County, Wisconsin, United States within the Baraboo micropolitan area. Its population in 2020 was 9,984. The city is surrounded by the Town of Reedsburg and is situated along the Baraboo River.

Prior to the arrival of non-indigenous people in the 19th century, the region was home to groups of Ho-Chunk. Established as a village in 1868, the community was named after early settler David C. Reed.

Early settlement
Early settlers came to this area due to the abundance of natural resources, especially lumber. In 1844, the first copper mine was established in this area, but it was soon abandoned. James W. Babb and his wife Rebecca Scarff Babb are the earliest recorded settlers, having brought their family to Wisconsin from Ohio in 1845. At a place 55 miles northeast of Mineral Point (the capital of Wisconsin Territory), long identified by the Winnebago who inhabited these lands as a convenient place to cross the Baraboo River, Babb left a flat-bottomed boat to help move supplies.

At "Babb's Ford," in 1847 David C. Reed built a dam and a shanty to house the workers who constructed it. In June 1848 a sawmill followed. By 1850, "Shanty Row" comprised five tamarack shanties. These initial buildings were of poor construction, and did not have a strong foundation, due to the black-alder swamp by the Baraboo River. Main Street would later be built where "Shanty Row" stood.

Reedsburg was platted in 1852, and four years later the community had grown to 50 buildings housing 27 families and 122 people. The first bridge across the Baraboo River was built in 1853, located where the Main Street bridge would later be built. In 1854 the Mackey brothers purchased Reed's saw mill, and brought economic security to the area. As the town was growing, more farms continued to be developed around the area, cultivating a variety of crops.

Late 1800s
The community continued under town government until 1868, when Reedsburg was incorporated as a village; it became a city in May 1887. In the 1860s, a hop boom temporarily brought wealth into the area. After the crash of the hops market, more farms started to diversify, and Reedsburg would become known for its grain and dairy products. The Chicago & North Western Railway (C&NW) arrived in 1872.

In the 1870s, Main Street started to develop, with grocery stores, banks, and other businesses establishing in Reedsburg. In 1880, the Reedsburg Brewing Company was formed. As the city continued to grow, more industries came to Reedsburg. On December 1, 1883, the Webb and Schweke department store opened, known as the "Big Store". The store would go on to be the largest department store in Sauk County. The City Hotel opened in 1886, owned by William Roper. Among the most important was the Reedsburg Woolen Mill. Construction was completed in 1882, and by 1899, 32 broad looms produced mainly "fancy cassimeres" for Chicago markets.

1900s
In 1902 the facility was purchased by Appleton Woolen Mills, and began producing clothing for east coast outlets. Sears and Montgomery Wards became two major clients. In 1910, the Central Wisconsin Creamery opened, making Reedsburg famous for its butter production. In 1954, when Appleton Woolen Mills shifted focus to felts, the business in Reedsburg reorganized to emphasize novelty fabrics. The Big Store burned down in 1957, after 78 years of service. The Reedsburg Woolen Mill, long one of the area's largest employers, endured until 1967; most of the mill complex burned in April 1968, leaving only the mill office.

In 1951, Herbert Webb left Reedsburg a $300,000 trust fund, which is equivalent to over 4 million dollars, adjusted for inflation. He also set aside funding for Webb Park and Webb High School on the northeast side of Reedsburg, before his death in 1954.

Another important business has been the Hankscraft Company. Incorporated in Madison in 1920, Hankscraft—makers of baby bottle warmers, sterilizers and other products—thrived during the post-war baby boom, and in 1949 opened a plant in Reedsburg. In 1961, Hankscraft purchased Nursmatic Corporation, expanding their line to include bassinets, safety harnesses, baby toiletries and other products; a year later, the acquisition of Ruzicka Laboratories allowed the firm to expand once more, adding vaporizer fluids, baby oil, shampoo and lotions. In 1970, Hankscraft was purchased by Gerber Products Company, and began producing baby food. It was the town's second largest employer, exceeded only by the Reedsburg Woolen Mill.

In the 1980s, the Wisconsin and Southern Railroad came to Reedsburg, having purchased the old C&NW railroad track. In 1996, Gerber Products Company sold Hankscraft Motors, which continues to operate in Reedsburg. Other important industries have included Grede Foundry, Seats, Inc., and the Columbia Par Car Corporation.

In 1971, the first Butter Festival, now known as Butterfest, was held in Webb Park. It was a celebration of the farming and dairy industry. In 1984, together the Main Street Commercial Historic District and the Park Street Historic District were added to the National Register of Historic Places. In 1993, 22 miles of the C&NW rail line between Reedsburg and Elroy became the Wisconsin 400 State Trail, a hiking/biking trail named for the passenger rail line that was said to travel the 400 miles between Chicago and Minneapolis/St. Paul in 400 minutes.

2000s
Fermentation Fest, an annual celebration of Reedsburg's agricultural heritage, was established in 2010. As part of the movement in 2014, Harvest Park was created as a downtown park featuring "Ruminant", a decorated piece of farm equipment, as a permanent installation.

The Baraboo River flooded in both 2008 and 2018, destroying several homes and businesses. As a result of the flooding, two new parks were created – Mackey Park and the Community Market.

Geography
Reedsburg is located in northern Sauk County, approximately 55 mi north of Madison, Wisconsin. The city sits on the 90th meridian west at 43.53361°N, -90.00278°W (43.533854, -90.002902). A pink quartzite marker on Main Street reads 325 feet east of this point lies the 90th meridian. The marker was dedicated on October 14, 1963, to designate Reedsburg's unique location. It was donated by Whitney Memorials and erected by the Kiwanis Club.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.93 sqmi, of which 5.83 sqmi is land and 0.10 sqmi is water. The Baraboo River flows through the city.

Lake Virginia is a small lake on the east side of Reedsburg. Lake Redstone and Dutch Hollow Lake are 2 reservoirs located in the nearby town of La Valle. Babb Creek, Hay Creek, and Copper Creek, tributaries of the Baraboo River, all flow through Reedsburg. Babb Creek was named for early settler James W. Babb. Hay and Copper Creek were named for the farming and short lived mining industry in Reedsburg.

2020 census
As of the census of 2020, the population was 9,984. The population density was 1,684.8 PD/sqmi. There were 4,433 housing units at an average density of 748.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 88.3% White, 1.3% Black or African American, 1.0% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 3.7% from other races, and 5.0% from two or more races. Ethnically, the population was 7.2% Hispanic or Latino of any race.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 9,200 people, 3,795 households, and 2,357 families residing in the city. The population density was 1578.0 PD/sqmi. There were 4,103 housing units at an average density of 703.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 95.3% White, 0.6% African American, 1.0% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 1.6% from other races, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.3% of the population.

There were 3,795 households, of which 34.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.0% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.9% were non-families. 31.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 3.04.

The median age in the city was 35.7 years. 27% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28.2% were from 25 to 44; 22.4% were from 45 to 64; and 14.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.4% male and 51.6% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 7,827 people, 3,193 households, and 2,021 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,503.9 people per square mile (581.2/km2). There were 3,380 housing units 251.0/km2 (649.4/sq mi). The racial makeup of the city was 97.44% White, 0.17% Black or African American, 0.79% Native American, 0.19% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.61% from other races, and 0.78% from two or more races. 1.58% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 3,193 households, out of which 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.1% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.7% were non-families. 29.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 13.01.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.7% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 30.3% from 25 to 44, 18.2% from 45 to 64, and 16.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $39,152, and the median income for a family was $44,329. Males had a median income of $33,211 versus $21,973 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,828. About 5.5% of families and 7.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.3% of those under age 18 and 8.1% of those age 65 or over.

Government
Reedsburg operates under the mayor-council form of government, with each of four districts being represented by two aldermen, along with one at-large alderman. David Estes has served as the mayor since 2010. The city is managed by an appointed city administrator, which currently is Timothy Becker. The Reedsburg Police Department is the law enforcement agency in the city. The department was founded in 1868, and currently has 22 full time police officers.

Infrastructure
The city includes the Main Street Commercial Historic District and the Park Street Historic District, which contain commercial and residential buildings built from 1873 to 1920. The Chicago and North Western Depot was built in 1906 which connected Reedsburg to the Twin Cities 400 line. Currently, it serves as the headquarters for the 400 State Trail, a biking and hiking trail that starts in Reedsburg and ends in Elroy, Wisconsin, following the old Twin Cities 400 track. Sound Devices is headquartered in Reedsburg.

Parks
Reedsburg has 18 parks within the city. City Park is the oldest, being donated by the city's founder David C. Reed in 1848. Webb Park is another large park, being dedicated to Herbert H. Webb, a generous benefactor to Reedsburg. Webb Park includes the city's swimming pool and splash pad, and is adjacent to Webb Middle School. The woods behind Webb Park is called the Roger Popple Nature Area, which includes several trails, and the Half-Moon Lagoon Disc Golf Course.

Transportation
State Highways 33 and 23 run along Main Street. State Highway 136 terminates in Reedsburg. There is access to Interstate 90/94 nearby, and the city is served by the Reedsburg Municipal Airport (C35). Some city roads include bicycle lanes and there are posted bike routes through major areas of town. The Wisconsin and Southern Railroad operates on the old C&NW track. Dial-a-ride transit service is available through the Reedsburg Taxi Service.

Education
The School District of Reedsburg has two elementary schools serving students in pre-kindergarten through grade 2, one intermediate school serving students in grade 3 through grade 5, one middle school, and one high school. There is a Madison Area Technical College regional campus on the west side of Reedsburg.

Notable people

 * Clare Briggs, comic strip artist
 * Edward Dithmar, lieutenant governor of Wisconsin
 * Alexander Preston Ellinwood, Wisconsin politician, businessman, and educator, lived in Reedsburg.
 * John Harrington, professional football player
 * Charlie Kavanagh, MLB player
 * Timothy Mahr, composer and conductor, professor of music at St. Olaf College
 * Agnes Moorehead, actress
 * Saul Phillips, head coach of the North Dakota State Bison men's basketball team
 * Albert O. Sorge, Wisconsin State Representative
 * Henry W. Sorge, Wisconsin State Representative
 * Warren Weaver, scientist

title: Reedsburg, Wisconsin


text:
Spring Green, Wisconsin

Spring Green is a village in Sauk County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,566 at the 2020 census. The village is located within the Town of Spring Green.

Geography
Spring Green is located at 43.17727°N, -90.06728°W (43.177268, -90.067277).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.80 sqmi, all of it land. The Wisconsin River runs along the southern edge of the village.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,628 people, 690 households, and 433 families living in the village. The population density was 904.4 PD/sqmi. There were 753 housing units at an average density of 418.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.5% White, 0.6% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0.1% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.8% of the population.

There were 690 households, of which 31.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.4% were married couples living together, 8.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.2% were non-families. 33.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.88.

The median age in the village was 42.5 years. 24.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.5% were from 25 to 44; 26.7% were from 45 to 64; and 19.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 47.9% male and 52.1% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,444 people, 585 households, and 372 families living in the village. The population density was 1,097.6 people per square mile (422.4/km2). There were 624 housing units at an average density of 474.3 per square mile (182.5/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 99.24% White, 0.14% Black or African American, 0.14% Native American, 0.07% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 0.07% from other races, and 0.28% from two or more races. 0.14% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 585 households, out of which 32.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.0% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.4% were non-families. 31.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 25.5% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 21.8% from 45 to 64, and 18.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.0 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $45,000, and the median income for a family was $51,806. Males had a median income of $36,597 versus $26,296 for females. The per capita income for the village was $21,462. About 3.2% of families and 6.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.4% of those under age 18 and 15.2% of those age 65 or over.

Taliesin and Frank Lloyd Wright

The world-renowned architect Frank Lloyd Wright was born in nearby Richland Center, Wisconsin, studied in Madison, Wisconsin, and spent summers and other times near Spring Green with his mother's family, the Lloyd-Joneses of Wyoming Valley. He became identified with Spring Green when he built the first Taliesin (studio) nearby in 1911 after leaving his Oak Park, Illinois, family, home, and studio with Mamah Borthwick, the wife of an erstwhile client. The disapproval of many area residents only intensified after a disastrous fire and the murder of Borthwick along with her children and several workmen in 1914. On the other hand, some Spring Green craftsmen were among Wright's most trusted and lifelong favorites.

Taliesin was continuously rebuilt over the years and became a local landmark. Wright was buried in the Lloyd-Jones family cemetery next to Unity Chapel near Taliesin and Spring Green from his death in 1959 until 1985, when his remains were controversially removed after the death of his third wife and widow, cremated and reinterred in Arizona. Especially in the past several decades, growing worldwide appreciation of Wright's legacy has brought increased attention as well as tourism to the Spring Green area. Architects from the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation, along with Wright-trained architects native to the area, have designed numerous homes and commercial and civic buildings in Spring Green and the surrounding area.

Attractions

 * Taliesin, the summer home and school of architect Frank Lloyd Wright, including the Hillside Home School
 * American Players Theatre, classical (Shakespeare, etc.) and modern theater, revolving repertory in indoor and outdoor theaters, June–October
 * The House on the Rock tourist museum

Media

 * Voice of the River Valley, A guide to people & events that inspire, inform and enrich life in the Lower Wisconsin and Sugar-Pecatonica River Basins
 * The Spring Green Home News

Notable residents

 * Svetlana Alliluyeva, daughter of Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin
 * Anne Baxter, Academy Award-winning actress
 * Evan Alfred Evans, United States federal court judge
 * Isaac C. Evans, Wisconsin State Representative
 * Fred Gerber, Jr., South Dakota State Representative
 * Carie Graves, Olympic gold medalist, head coach of the Harvard Crimson and Texas Longhorns women's crew teams
 * Richard Haas, muralist
 * Jenkin Lloyd Jones, Unitarian missionary and minister
 * Randall Duk Kim, actor
 * Robert McCutchin, Wisconsin State Representative
 * Jane Peyton, actress
 * John J. Sliter, Minnesota State Representative
 * Anthony Weston, philosopher
 * Alonzo Wilcox, Wisconsin State Representative
 * Frank Lloyd Wright, architect and builder of Taliesin

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Spring Green, Wisconsin


text:
Spring Green (town), Wisconsin

The Town of Spring Green is located in Sauk County, Wisconsin, United States. The January 1, 2021, final population estimate for the town is 1,728. Approximately 1,374 of the estimated population for the Town of Spring Green in Sauk County are of voting age.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 46.2 square miles (119.7 km2), of which, 44.4 square miles (115.0 km2) of it is land and 1.8 square miles (4.7 km2) of it (3.96%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,585 people, 602 households, and 447 families residing in the town. The population density was 35.7 people per square mile (13.8/km2). There were 661 housing units at an average density of 14.9 per square mile (5.7/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.68% White, 0.13% Black or African American, 0.19% Native American, 0.06% Asian, 0.13% from other races, and 0.82% from two or more races. 1.07% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 602 households, out of which 36.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 65.1% were married couples living together, 6.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.7% were non-families. 19.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.02.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.1% under the age of 18, 5.2% from 18 to 24, 29.3% from 25 to 44, 26.2% from 45 to 64, and 12.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $49,028, and the median income for a family was $55,714. Males had a median income of $37,356 versus $23,125 for females. The per capita income for the town was $20,619. About 3.1% of families and 5.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.5% of those under age 18 and 12.8% of those age 65 or over.

title: Spring Green (town), Wisconsin


text:
Couderay, Wisconsin

Couderay is a village in Sawyer County, Wisconsin, United States, along the Couderay River. The population was 88 at the 2010 census. The village is located within the Town of Couderay.

Couderay is home to Al Capone's northwoods hideaway, a tourist site called "The Hideout." The Hideout was purchased in the spring of 2010 by the Lac Courte Oreilles Indian Tribe after bankruptcy hearings for the previous owners.

Name origin
Couderay is a truncated name of French origin denoting the term "short ears" (courtes oreilles) in connection with those of the Ojibwa people. French explorers and French-Canadian trappers who roamed the northern part of French Louisiana and the Great Lakes at the time of New France created this name.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.98 sqmi, of which, 0.96 sqmi of it is land and 0.02 sqmi is water.

Weather
On February 2, and February 4, 1996, the temperature fell to −55 °F (−48 °C), the coldest temperature ever recorded in Wisconsin.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 88 people, 35 households, and 20 families living in the village. The population density was 91.7 PD/sqmi. There were 51 housing units at an average density of 53.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 73.9% White, 12.5% Native American, 1.1% from other races, and 12.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.1% of the population.

There were 35 households, of which 20.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.1% were married couples living together, and 42.9% were non-families. 28.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.80.

The median age in the village was 45.5 years. 15.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28.4% were from 25 to 44; 34.2% were from 45 to 64; and 17% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 55.7% male and 44.3% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 96 people, 40 households, and 26 families living in the village. The population density was 99.2 people per square mile (38.2/km2). There were 54 housing units at an average density of 55.8 per square mile (21.5/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 79.17% White, 19.79% Native American, 1.04% from other races. 1.04% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 40 households, out of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.0% were married couples living together, 5.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.0% were non-families. 27.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 21.9% under the age of 18, 11.5% from 18 to 24, 20.8% from 25 to 44, 28.1% from 45 to 64, and 17.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 128.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 120.6 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $40,417, and the median income for a family was $41,042. Males had a median income of $33,750 versus $9,750 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,008. There were 6.1% of families and 11.4% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 41.2% of those over 64.

title: Couderay, Wisconsin


text:
Couderay (town), Wisconsin

Couderay is a town in Sawyer County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 469 at the 2000 census. The village of Couderay, the census-designated place of Reserve, and the unincorporated community of Lemington are located within the town. The unincorporated community of Yarnell is located partially in the town.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 67.3 square miles (174.3 km2), of which, 66.5 square miles (172.2 km2) of it is land and 0.8 square miles (2.1 km2) of it (1.20%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 469 people, 176 households, and 117 families residing in the town. The population density was 7.1 people per square mile (2.7/km2). There were 248 housing units at an average density of 3.7 per square mile (1.4/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 42.64% White, 56.29% Native American, and 1.07% from two or more races. 0.00% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 176 households, out of which 32.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.8% were married couples living together, 14.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.0% were non-families. 30.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.27.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 30.9% under the age of 18, 9.8% from 18 to 24, 25.2% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $24,861, and the median income for a family was $32,143. Males had a median income of $27,500 versus $18,594 for females. The per capita income for the town was $12,916. About 13.2% of families and 16.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.0% of those under age 18 and 10.7% of those age 65 or over.

title: Couderay (town), Wisconsin


text:
Hayward, Wisconsin

Hayward is a city in Sawyer County, Wisconsin, United States, next to the Namekagon River. Its population was 2,533 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Sawyer County. The city is surrounded by the Town of Hayward. The City of Hayward was formally organized in 1883.

Early history
Before logging, the area that would become Hayward was a forest of pine and hardwoods cut by rivers and lakes. In later years Ojibwe people dominated the area along with much of northern Wisconsin, until the 1837 Treaty of St. Peters, when they ceded it to the U.S.

Logging along the Namekagon River had begun by 1864, when government surveyors noted that T. Mackey had a logging camp on the river at what would become Hayward. In the winter of 1878 Anthony Judson Hayward walked up on the ice, assessed mill sites and timber possibilities upstream, and decided to build a lumber mill. Until 1880 the spot was connected to the outside world only by river or logging tote roads, but in that year the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway built its tracks through, connecting it to the Twin Cities and Chicago, and making Anthony Hayward's sawmill plan much more lucrative. He found financial backing and a partner in Robert Laird McCormick and managed to buy the last parcels of land for his sawmill in 1881. Their North Wisconsin Lumber Company dammed the river at the site of the current Hayward dam and built a sawmill, shingle mill, and planing mill to the north, called by 1883 "the Big Mill."

That same year the village of Hayward was platted and Sawyer County was established, formed from parts of early versions of Chippewa and Ashland Counties. The village of Hayward was designated its county seat.

The mill town and county seat grew. By 1897 "2,000 souls" lived in the village, with 120 men working in the mill. Around that time the mill produced each year about 40 million feet of lumber, 10 million lath, and 4 million shingles, and the whole mill with drying yards covered forty acres. The village had a school, four churches, a bank, a free library, a fire company, and "nearly every Secret Society known to man." The village had electricity and a water works. Four blocks of the village streets were paved with brick.

In the surrounding country, settlers were beginning to wrest little farms out of the stump-lands cut off by the loggers. In 1896 it was reported that 432 bushels of corn were produced in Sawyer County, 610 bushels of barley, 14,516 bushels of oats, 380 bushels of rye, 1,125 tons of hay, 12,417 tons of potatoes, 3,065 bushels of non-potato root crops, and 6,500 pounds of butter. The same summary noted that dairy farming was rapidly increasing in the area.

Steady logging eventually depleted most of the pine, and then many of the hardwoods. The Big Mill at Hayward burned in 1922 and was not rebuilt. Logging on a smaller scale has continued ever since, along with agriculture. Meanwhile, tourism has become more and more important.

Hayward Indian Residential School
In 1901, the Hayward Indian Residential School was established in Hayward. It was founded to assimilate indigenous children into white Christian American culture. Most of the students were Ojibwe and came from the Lac Courte Oreilles Reservation ten miles away from the school. The school operated until 1934, when it closed due to being understaffed, underfunded, and overcrowded. During its operation, thousands of students passed through the school. Some were taken forcibly from their families. At the school, children were forced to take on Christian names, cut their hair, wear military style uniforms, and march in military formations. Boys and girls were strictly segregated in separate buildings.

The curriculum focused on English language, Christian religion, and industrial labor. Provision of teachers was so poor that few students graduated, and graduation certificates were withheld from students who were thought likely to return to their reservations instead of assimilating into white society. The school was funded in part by the government and in part by the labor of the children in agriculture and sewing. Male children cleared over 260 acres for cultivation. Girls were trained as housewives and lived in the "Homestead Cottage", where a female teacher taught them how to run a household. The girls sold their sewing products to support the school and prepared meals for the other students. In the first decade of the school's operation, girls were encouraged to practice Native beadwork styles, but by 1910, this had been discontinued.

Overcrowding and poor sanitation endangered the students' health. Dishes were rarely cleaned, students slept two to a bed, and during the winter, they crowded into small rooms for indoor activities because the school had no gymnasium. Children were served moldy bread, and most of the milk the children produced from the dairy herd was sold rather than fed to the children. These poor health conditions led to high rates of disease. The death rate during the 1918 flu pandemic was 10 times higher than the Wisconsin average. Students also died from epidemics of measles and pneumonia. Some students were sexually abused by the teachers.

For speaking their Native languages, students were punished with beatings, public humiliation, extra chores, and confinement in the school jail. The school jail was a cell with bars in the basement of the boy's dormitory, where children were fed only bread and water. Other students were punished by being forced to kneel on marbles for hours. Hayward students sometimes went out into the woods on the weekends and spoke Ojibwe together since it was forbidden in school. On one occasion, a secret drum dance was held, where students prepared by secretly sewing jingles onto their dresses and practicing their singing at night. The superintendents caught the students and punished them by burning their drums, hitting their knuckles, and forcing the girls to wear signs around their necks reading, "I will not squaw dance". Due to the poor conditions and harsh discipline, runaways were common; in 1920 alone, 69 children ran away from the school.

The school closed in 1934 and was converted to the Hayward Area Memorial Hospital.

Geography
Hayward is located at 46.01°N, -91.48056°W (46.01, -91.480556).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 3.36 sqmi, of which 0.23 sqmi is covered by water.

Hayward is 71 miles southeast of Superior, 27 miles northeast of Spooner, about 107 miles north of Eau Claire, and 57 miles southwest of Ashland.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, 2,318 people, 1,048 households, and 550 families resided in the city. The population density was 740.6 PD/sqmi. The 1,227 housing units had an average density of 392.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 83.3% White, 0.4% African American, 11.8% Native American, 0.9% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 3.2% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 2.5% of the population.

Of the 1,048 households, 27.6% had children under 18 living with them, 32.5% were married couples living together, 14.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 47.5% were not families. About 41.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.0% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.10 and the average family size was 2.80.

The median age in the city was 39.8 years. 23.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.6% were from 25 to 44; 23.5% were from 45 to 64; and 20.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.5% male and 52.5% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, 2,129 people, 960 households, and 530 families were residing in the city. The population density was 717.2/sq mi (276.8/km2). The1,064 housing units had an average density of 358.4/sq mi (138.3/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 89.62% White, 0.14% African American, 8.08% Native American, 0.66% Asian, 0.56% from other races, and 0.94% from two or more races. About 0.85% of the population were Hispanics or Latinos of any race.

Of the 960 households, 26.8% had children under 18 living with them, 38.2% were married couples living together, 13.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 44.8% were not families. About 39.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.1% had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.09, and the average family size was 2.78.

In the city, the age distribution was 22.6% under 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 25.5% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 22.4% who were 65 or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.2 males. For every 100 females 18 and over, there were 81.9 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $28,421, and for a family was $36,287. Males had a median income of $30,174 versus $20,769 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,658. About 10.6% of families and 14.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.5% of those under age 18 and 7.1% of those age 65 or over.

Government
Hayward is the county seat of Sawyer County. The mayor as of 2023 was Gary Gillis.

Major highways
U.S. Highway 63, Wisconsin Highway 27, Wisconsin Highway 77, and County Highway B are the main routes in the community.

Bus
Hayward has a public bus service, Namekagon Transit, which has three separate lines. Route 30 starts at Walmart and runs through the town with stops at Sawyer County Courthouse and Marketplace Foods, and then runs to the transfer center at the Sevenwinds Casino, where one can transfer to or from Lines 40 or 60. Route 40 runs in a complete circuit route past Round Lake and to some other rural neighborhoods around the areas, and then arrives back at the transfer center. Route 60 runs south from the casino, making two stops, then diverging into two lines at the LCO Country Store. One heads on CTH-K, and eventually terminates in the North Woods Beach neighborhood; the other heads on CTH-E and terminates in the unincorporated community of Reserve. Namekagon Transit also has door-stop services in Sawyer, Barron, Washburn, and some parts of Bayfield counties.

Airport
Sawyer County Airport serves Hayward and the surrounding communities.

Tourism

Hayward is a popular fishing destination because of the many lakes in the area, including Lac Courte Oreilles, Grindstone Lake, Round Lake, Moose Lake, Spider Lake, Windigo Lake, and the Chippewa Flowage, which are known for yielding trophy-sized muskellunge, northern pike, walleye, and smallmouth bass. It is also home to the "Quiet Lakes" (Teal, Ghost and Lost Land Lakes), which do not allow water sports.

The National Fresh Water Fishing Hall of Fame is in Hayward. It contains a 143 ft fiberglass muskie, the world's largest fiberglass structure. Tourists can climb up into the fish's mouth and look over the town, as well as Lake Hayward. In addition to fishing, Hayward is also a hot spot for deer hunting, golfing, cross-country skiing, snowmobiling, canoeing, kayaking, horseback riding, and road and mountain biking.

Sawyer County has over 600 miles of groomed snowmobile trails, including 335 miles that run through county forests and connect with trails in adjoining counties.

ATV (quad bikes) riding along county forest logging roads is permitted. About 95.7 miles of state-funded ATV trails are available for winter use and 80.8 miles are for summer use. State-owned trails include the Tuscobia Trail (51 miles), which runs from the Flambeau River to the western county line and the Dead Horse Connector (38 miles) in the eastern Flambeau Forest. The trail system also connects to 140 miles of trail within the Chequamegon National Forest. Hayward allows ATVs on some city roads.

The annual Chequamegon Fat Tire Festival is the nation's largest mass-start mountain-bike race. The first Fat Tire Festival was held in 1983 with 27 riders, and in 2008, the race was capped at 2,500 competitors. The two main races include the 40-mile "Chequamegon 40", and the 16-mile "Short and Fat".

Participants in the annual Lumberjack World Championships compete in a variety of lumberjack games, such as log rolling, chopping, sawing, and chainsaw events.

Hayward hosts the American Birkebeiner cross-country skiing race, North America's largest cross-country ski marathon. The race started in 1973. No U.S. Ski Team members were in it, or any foreign skiers. Then unknown, it now has over 13,000 skiers race every year. It is one of Hayward's largest and most popular tourist attractions.

The Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Ojibwe host several pow-wows throughout the year. One of the Midwest's largest pow-wows is held annually on the third weekend of July near Hayward. The Honor the Earth Pow-wow honors Mother Earth and the Creator.

The Park Theatre is a performing arts center in Hayward, on Highway 63, operated by the Cable Hayward Area Arts Council. A variety of musical and artistic performances are presented throughout the year.

Hayward Wolfpack FC, an amateur soccer club, is based in Hayward. Founded in 2017, it competed in the Duluth Amateur Soccer League in 2018. In 2019, the Wolfpack became a founding member of the Wisconsin Primary Amateur Soccer League, a United States Adult Soccer Association and WSL-sanctioned league operating in western Wisconsin.

Print

 * The Sawyer County Record is the local newspaper, published every Wednesday.

Radio

 * WBZH 910, owned by Civic Media
 * WHSM-FM 101.1, owned by Zoe Communications
 * WRLS-FM 92.3, owned by Vacationland Broadcasting
 * WOJB-FM 88.9, owned by the Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Ojibwe

Television
Stations received in Hayward from the Duluth area include:
 * 3 KDLH (CW)
 * 6 KBJR (NBC/CBS)
 * 8 WDSE (PBS)
 * 10 WDIO (ABC)
 * 21 KQDS (FOX)

Education
Hayward High School and Hayward Middle School serve the community. Lac Courte Oreilles Ojibwa Community College offers several degrees.

Sister city
Hayward officially has one sister city:
 * 🇳🇴 Lillehammer, Norway

Notable people

 * Fritz Ackley, MLB player
 * Harry Blackmun, U.S. Supreme Court justice, had a summer home on Spider Lake.
 * Al Capone, Chicago gangster, owned a hideaway-retreat near Hayward/Couderay in the 1920s and 1930s.
 * Nate DeLong, NBA player
 * Jim Denomie, artist
 * Sean Duffy, reality television star, ESPN commentator, U.S. House of Representatives, representing the 7th District of Wisconsin
 * John H. Hellweg, Wisconsin state legislator and businessman
 * Dan Plante, NHL player
 * Daniel E. Riordan, Wisconsin state senator
 * Randy Sabien, musician/songwriter
 * J. R. Salzman, world-champion logroller

title: Hayward, Wisconsin


text:
Hayward (town), Wisconsin

Hayward is a town in Sawyer County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 3,279 at the 2000 census. The town is located near the City of Hayward. The census-designated place of Chief Lake is located in the town.

Transportation
U.S. Highway 63, Wisconsin Highway 27, Wisconsin Highway 77, and County Highway B are the main routes in the community.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 64.0 square miles (165.8 km2), of which, 57.4 square miles (148.7 km2) of it is land and 6.6 square miles (17.0 km2) of it (10.27%) is water.

Hayward is located 71 miles southeast of Superior, 27 miles northeast of Spooner, and 57 miles southwest of Ashland.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,279 people, 1,219 households, and 898 families residing in the town. The population density was 57.1 people per square mile (22.0/km2). There were 1,841 housing units at an average density of 32.1 per square mile (12.4/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 74.53% White, 0.09% Black or African American, 23.54% Native American, 0.40% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.18% from other races, and 1.19% from two or more races. 0.64% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 1,219 households, out of which 34.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.3% were married couples living together, 12.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.3% were non-families. 21.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.05.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.5% under the age of 18, 5.9% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 24.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $36,895, and the median income for a family was $43,300. Males had a median income of $30,972 versus $21,534 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,382. About 12.6% of families and 13.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.2% of those under age 18 and 13.4% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Carl R. Nyman, farmer, businessman, and politician, lived in the town

title: Hayward (town), Wisconsin


text:
Radisson, Wisconsin

Radisson is a village in Sawyer County, Wisconsin, United States, along the Couderay River. The population was 273 at the 2020 census, and 241 at the 2010 census. The village is located within the Town of Radisson and was named in honor of the early French explorer, Pierre-Esprit Radisson (c.1636–1710).

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total land area of 0.39 sqmi.

2010 census
As of 2010 census, there were 241 people, 110 households, and 57 families living in the village. The population density was 617.9 PD/sqmi. There were 140 housing units at an average density of 359.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 83.0% White, 3.3% African American, 5.0% Native American, 1.2% Asian, 1.7% from other races, and 5.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.0% of the population.

There were 110 households, of which 25.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 32.7% were married couples living together, 13.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 48.2% were non-families. 40.9% of the households were made up of individuals, and 19.1% had someone living alone aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.91.

The median age in the village was 44.5 years. 24.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.6% were from 25 to 44; 26.7% were from 45 to 64; and 22% were 65 years or older. The gender makeup of the village was 52.7% male and 47.3% female.

2000 census
As of 2000 census, there were 222 people, 98 households, and 58 families living in the village. The population density was 553.2 people per square mile (214.3/km2). There were 131 housing units at an average density of 326.4 per square mile (126.4/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 89.19% White, 0.45% Black or African American, 9.01% Native American, 0.90% from other races, and 0.45% from two or more races. 2.70% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 98 households, out of which 28.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.9% were married couples living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.8% were non-families. 31.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone aged 65 years or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.84.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.3% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 25.7% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 21.6% 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.7 males. For every 100 females aged 18 years and over, there were 100.0 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $25,625, and the median income for a family was $38,500. Males had a median income of $37,813 and females had $18,750. The per capita income for the village was $16,122. About 8.9% of families and 16.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.1% under the age of 18 and 14.0% aged 65 or older.

title: Radisson, Wisconsin


text:
Radisson (town), Wisconsin

Radisson is a town in Sawyer County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 465 at the 2000 census. The Village of Radisson is located within the town.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 75.2 square miles (194.7 km2), of which, 74.1 square miles (191.9 km2) of it is land and 1.1 square miles (2.7 km2) of it (1.41%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 465 people, 185 households, and 132 families residing in the town. The population density was 6.3 people per square mile (2.4/km2). There were 351 housing units at an average density of 4.7 per square mile (1.8/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 89.25% White, 6.24% Native American, 0.22% from other races, and 4.30% from two or more races. 0.86% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 185 households, out of which 28.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.6% were married couples living together, 5.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.6% were non-families. 23.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.93.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 23.2% under the age of 18, 4.9% from 18 to 24, 21.1% from 25 to 44, 29.0% from 45 to 64, and 21.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $33,523, and the median income for a family was $37,708. Males had a median income of $27,857 versus $17,000 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,511. About 5.2% of families and 7.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.8% of those under age 18 and 7.5% of those age 65 or over.

title: Radisson (town), Wisconsin


text:
Winter, Wisconsin

Winter is a village in Sawyer County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 233 at the 2010 census. The village is within the Town of Winter.

History
Winter was founded in 1904. It was named for W. C. Winter, a railroad official. A post office has been in operation in Winter since 1904.

Geography
Winter is located at 45.82083°N, -91.01111°W (45.821014, -91.011118).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.80 sqmi, all of it land.

2010 census
At the 2010 census there were 313 people, 153 households, and 75 families living in the village. The population density was 391.3 PD/sqmi. There were 209 housing units at an average density of 261.3 /sqmi. The racial makup of the village was 91.7% White, 1.3% African American, 1.3% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 1.0% from other races, and 4.5% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.1%.

Of the 153 households 26.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 29.4% were married couples living together, 12.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 7.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 51.0% were non-families. 43.1% of households were one person and 22.3% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.05 and the average family size was 2.87.

The median age in the village was 41.6 years. 25.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.7% were from 25 to 44; 25.2% were from 45 to 64; and 21.1% were 65 or older. The gender makeup of the village was 51.4% male and 48.6% female.

2000 census
At the 2000 census there were 344 people, 164 households, and 83 families living in the village. The 2010 Census revealed the population to be 233 - a nearly 1/3 decline since 2000. The population density was 430.9 people per square mile (166.0/km$2$). There were 200 housing units at an average density of 250.5 per square mile (96.5/km$2$). The racial makup of the village was 96.51% White, 0.58% Black or African American, 2.03% Native American, 0.29% from other races, and 0.58% from two or more races. 1.45%. were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Of the 164 households 26.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.2% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 48.8% were non-families. 44.5% of households were one person and 23.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.10 and the average family size was 2.92.

The age distribution was 24.1% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 24.7% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 23.5% 65 or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 111.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.3 males.

The median household income was $22,955 and the median family income was $25,625. Males had a median income of $23,333 versus $15,000 for females. The per capita income for the village was $15,404. About 13.2% of families and 17.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.4% of those under age 18 and 25.0% of those age 65 or over.

Notable residents

 * Jeffrey Williams, astronaut, was raised in Winter

title: Winter, Wisconsin


text:
Winter (town), Wisconsin

Winter is a town in Sawyer County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 969 at the 2000 census. The Village of Winter is located within the town, but not a part of it. The unincorporated community of Hay Stack Corner is also located in the town. The town claims to be the largest town in Wisconsin.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 285.3 square miles (738.9 km2), of which 279.5 square miles (723.9 km2) is land and 5.8 square miles (15.0 km2 or 2.03%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 969 people, 381 households, and 276 families residing in the town. The population density was 3.5 people per square mile (1.3/km2). There were 1,203 housing units at an average density of 4.3 per square mile (1.7/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 94.22% White, 3.82% Black or African American, 1.14% Native American, 0.52% Asian, 0.21% from other races, and 0.10% from two or more races. 1.55% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 381 households, out of which 23.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.0% were married couples living together, 5.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.3% were non-families. 22.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.72.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 17.9% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 25.3% from 25 to 44, 31.4% from 45 to 64, and 19.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 118.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 123.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $33,500, and the median income for a family was $41,125. Males had a median income of $31,442 versus $22,614 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,033. About 10.2% of families and 12.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.8% of those under age 18 and 12.6% of those age 65 or over.

title: Winter (town), Wisconsin


text:
Aniwa, Wisconsin

Aniwa is a village in Shawano County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 260 at the 2010 census. The village is located within the Town of Aniwa. U.S. Route 45 runs north–south through the village.

Name origin
The name Aniwa is of Ojibwe origin. It is derived from aniwi, aniwa "those".

Geography
Aniwa is located at 45.01°N, -89.2125°W (45.010062, -89.212767).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.13 sqmi, of which, 2.09 sqmi of it is land and 0.04 sqmi is water.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 260 people, 111 households, and 71 families living in the village. The population density was 124.4 PD/sqmi. There were 126 housing units at an average density of 60.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 99.2% White and 0.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.8% of the population.

There were 111 households, of which 32.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.7% were married couples living together, 11.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.0% were non-families. 29.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.92.

The median age in the village was 40.3 years. 25.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 3.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 30.4% were from 25 to 44; 22.3% were from 45 to 64; and 18.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 50.0% male and 50.0% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 272 people, 114 households, and 79 families living in the village. The population density was 130.2 people per square mile (50.2/km2). There were 127 housing units at an average density of 60.8 per square mile (23.5/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 97.06% White, 0.37% Native American, and 2.57% from two or more races. 1.10% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 114 households, out of which 24.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.3% were married couples living together, 7.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.7% were non-families. 23.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.80.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 22.8% under the age of 18, 9.9% from 18 to 24, 30.1% from 25 to 44, 20.6% from 45 to 64, and 16.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 110.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 118.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $28,542, and the median income for a family was $30,833. Males had a median income of $26,094 versus $21,875 for females. The per capita income for the village was $13,203. About 7.5% of families and 15.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.5% of those under the age of eighteen and 17.1% of those 65 or over.

title: Aniwa, Wisconsin


text:
Aniwa (town), Wisconsin

Aniwa is a town in Shawano County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 586 at the 2000 census. The Village of Aniwa is located within the town.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 33.5 square miles (86.7 km2), of which, 33.2 square miles (86.0 km2) of it is land and 0.3 square miles (0.7 km2) of it (0.81%) is water.

Demographics
At the 2000 census, there were 586 people, 202 households and 157 families residing in the town. The population density was 17.7 people per square mile (6.8/km2). There were 212 housing units at an average density of 6.4 per square mile (2.5/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.46% White, 0.51% Black or African American, 0.34% Native American, 0.17% Pacific Islander, and 0.51% from two or more races. 0.17% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 202 households, of which 42.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.3% were married couples living together, 7.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.8% were non-families. 17.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.90 and the average family size was 3.28.

Age distribution was 31.4% under the age of 18, 5.3% from 18 to 24, 29.4% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 11.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 114.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 109.4 males.

The median household income was $40,208, and the median family income was $42,031. Males had a median income of $29,688 versus $23,393 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,285. About 6.7% of families and 9.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.6% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

title: Aniwa (town), Wisconsin


text:
Wittenberg (town), Wisconsin

Wittenberg is a town in Shawano County, Wisconsin, United States. As of the 2000 census, the town had a total population of 894. The Village of Wittenberg is located within the town. The unincorporated community of Whitcomb is also located within the town.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 34.2 square miles (88.6 km2), of which, 34.1 square miles (88.3 km2) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.3 km2) of it (0.29%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 894 people, 298 households, and 238 families residing in the town. The population density was 26.2 people per square mile (10.1/km2). There were 331 housing units at an average density of 9.7 per square mile (3.7/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 93.62% White, 2.24% Black or African American, 3.24% Native American, 0.11% from other races, and 0.78% from two or more races. 0.67% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 298 households, out of which 36.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.1% were married couples living together, 6.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.8% were non-families. 16.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 33.3% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 13.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 123.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 103.4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $42,841, and the median income for a family was $44,904. Males had a median income of $29,732 versus $20,962 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,410. About 6.0% of families and 6.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.0% of those under age 18 and 11.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Wittenberg (town), Wisconsin


text:
Wittenberg, Wisconsin

Wittenberg is a village in Shawano County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,081 at the 2010 census. The village is located within the Town of Wittenberg.

History
In 1886, the Wittenberg Indian School was established by the Norwegian Evangelical Church of America after a purchase of land in Winnebago traditional territory. This was a residential school for Native American children who the government removed from their families as part of an effort to assimilate Native Americans into white American culture. It was also known as the Bethany Indian Mission. Initial attempts to recruit students for the school were met with resistance, particularly from Winnebago "medicine men" who the missionaries believed were concerned about their intention to convert the children to Christianity. The school initially only taught a few children but eventually expanded to include over a hundred students who came from the Winnebago, Oneida, Stockbridge, Brothertown, Menominee, Mohawk and Chippewa. The school was sold to the government in 1900 and operated until 1917, when it was closed because of the First World War. After the closure of the federal school, the mission continued educating Native children, eventually educating up to 140 students with only four members of staff, as well as baptizing hundreds of local Native people. The high student to staff ratio was typical of overcrowded Indian schools, as documented by the Merriam Report.

A post office called Wittenberg has been in operation since 1880. The village was named after Wittenberg in Germany.

Geography
Wittenberg is located at 44.82361°N, -89.16722°W (44.823795, -89.167328).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.79 sqmi, all of it land.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 1,081 people, 427 households, and 231 families living in the village. The population density was 603.9 PD/sqmi. There were 495 housing units at an average density of 276.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 89.3% White, 3.8% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 5.1% from other races, and 1.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.1% of the population.

There were 427 households, of which 29.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.6% were married couples living together, 13.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 45.9% were non-families. 40.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.94.

The median age in the village was 42.2 years. 22.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.6% were from 25 to 44; 21% were from 45 to 64; and 25.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 46.6% male and 53.4% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,177 people, 436 households, and 272 families living in the village. The population density was 718.2 people per square mile (277.1/km2). There were 471 housing units at an average density of 287.4 per square mile (110.9/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 96.52% White, 0.17% Black or African American, 2.21% Native American, 0.08% Asian, and 1.02% from two or more races. 0.25% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 436 households, out of which 32.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.5% were married couples living together, 11.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.6% were non-families. 33.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 3.02.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.8% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 24.7% from 25 to 44, 15.3% from 45 to 64, and 28.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $29,926, and the median income for a family was $40,074. Males had a median income of $28,571 versus $21,202 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,695. About 9.2% of families and 12.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.4% of those under age 18 and 10.4% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

 * Nueske's Applewood Smoked Meats

Notable people

 * John Englund, Wisconsin State Senator and newspaper editor, lived in Wittenberg.
 * Helmer Swenholt, United States Army officer, was born in Wittenberg.
 * Jonas Swenholt, Wisconsin State Representative and businessman, lived in Wittenberg.

title: Wittenberg, Wisconsin


text:
Plymouth, Wisconsin

Plymouth is a city in Sheboygan County, Wisconsin, United States, along the Mullet River. The population was 8,932 at the 2020 census. It is included in the Sheboygan, Wisconsin metropolitan area. The city is located in the Town of Plymouth, but is politically independent. Plymouth is known as "Hub City" for its former role as a center of wooden wheelwrighting. Mayor Don Pohlman was last re-elected in April 2018.

History
Plymouth was surveyed in 1835 by United States engineers, one of whom was named Mullet, and the Mullet river was subsequently named after him. The first land sold to a private party was sold to an Englishman named John Law who had emigrated from London. It was sold to Law on August 13, 1836. The next sale was to another Englishman, also from London, named Thomas Margrave. Settlers continued trickling in and the town was organized on April 3, 1849. In the 1840s a group of migrants arrived from Tioga County, Pennsylvania. Their ancestors had moved to that area from New England shortly after the American Revolution. The Thorpe family arrived from Hartford, Connecticut. They were of old New England ancestry. These migrants being the original pool of settlers in Plymouth gave the region cultural continuity with New England. The town was named Plymouth, after Plymouth, Massachusetts, where the Pilgrims had landed in 1620.

Originally known by early Native Americans as Quit Qui Oc, or Crooked River, Plymouth was settled in 1845 by Isaac Thorp and incorporated in 1877. The city is often called "Hub City" because of its central location within Sheboygan County, but the nickname "Hub City" began in the 1860s when the Schwartz brothers had a wagon shop where they made wagons, hubs and spokes.

Geography
Plymouth is located at 43.74917°N, -87.97667°W (43.749277, -87.976799).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.34 sqmi, of which, 5.26 sqmi is land and 0.08 sqmi is water.

Demographics
As of 2000 the median age in the city was 40.8 years. 24.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.9% were from 25 to 44; 27.3% were from 45 to 64; and 17.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.6% male and 52.4% female.

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 8,445 people, 3,710 households, and 2,253 families residing in the city. The population density was 1605.5 PD/sqmi. There were 4,039 housing units at an average density of 767.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 96.2% White, 0.4% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 0.9% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.4% of the population.

There were 3,710 households, of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.4% were married couples living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.2% had a male householder with no wife present, and 39.3% were non-families. 33.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.91.

The median age in the city was 40.8 years. 24.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 24.9% were from 25 to 44; 27.3% were from 45 to 64; and 17.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.6% male and 52.4% female.

2020 census
As of the census of 2020, there were 8,932 people, 4,011 households. The population density was 1,644.9 inhabitants per square mile (635.3/km?). There were 4,251 housing units at an average density of 782.9 per square mile (302.3/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 95.4% White, 1.0% Black or African American, 0.0% American Indian and Alaskan Native, 0.6% Asian, 2.8% Two or more races, 2.2% Hispanic or Latino.

Economy

Plymouth, Wisconsin has a long history in the cheese industry. Once the site of the National Cheese Exchange where cheese commodity prices were set, it now claims the mantle "Cheese Capital of the World" and is home to four major cheese processing facilities:
 * Sargento
 * Masters Gallery
 * Sartori
 * Great Lakes Cheese

Plymouth has a historic downtown district, which promotes a mix of retail, office and service uses. The main traffic artery through the city runs through downtown, resulting in a vibrant area lined with unique shops, eateries and boutiques. The downtown also offers a pedestrian network connecting neighborhoods, schools, parks and commercial areas.

Tourism is an important industry for Plymouth, which hosts visitors to events all over Sheboygan County. With an abundance of parks, citywide events, easy access to the Kettle Moraine National Forest and ski hills, Plymouth is an attractive destination for tourists from all over the country. See recreational opportunities below.

Plymouth is developing its third business park in partnership with the Plymouth Industrial Development Corporation. The new park, east of the city limits, will offer rail access, improved lots from 1 to 25 acres in size and loan and incentive programs through the county. It will join existing parks on the north and south sides of the city. With the Sheboygan County Economic Development Corporation, Plymouth actively works to recruit established businesses and startups to locate in the city.

With more than 300 member business in Sheboygan County, the Plymouth Chamber of Commerce's mission is to promote local businesses and attract new ventures to the community. The chamber works closely with the Sheboygan County Economic Development Corporation, especially in the promotion of the county's Someplace Better initiative to bring families into Sheboygan County, along with the Sheboygan County Chamber of Commerce.

Arts and culture

Made of fiberglass and standing 20 ft tall, the statue of Antoinette the cow is a local landmark that honors the area's legacy of dairy production. She was erected in 1977, on the spot where the Wisconsin Cheese Exchange was located in the late 19th century, as part of the city's Centennial celebration. She's named after Jack Anton, who led the effort to put up the statue for the celebration.

The nationally acclaimed,Sartori Big Cheese Drop, is presented every year on New Year's Eve. Plymouth Arts Center initiated this popular NYE event in 2007 to pay tribute to Plymouth’s cheese heritage and its thriving industry that still exists today.

Murals were painted on downtown buildings during two special events by a group of muralists called the Walldogs. Over 25 murals depict scenes of Plymouth's History.

Parks and recreation

Located east of the Kettle Moraine State Forest, Plymouth is a recreational destination. The city has 17 parks that offer recreational opportunities that include baseball (Plymouth Youth Athletic Association]), soccer (Plymouth Soccer Club), frisbee-golf, biking, swimming (Plymouth Aquatic Center), tennis, nature walks and more.

Plymouth offers a self-guided walking tour of historic downtown, which includes more than 50 historically significant homes, businesses and buildings, two of which are listed on national Register of Historic Places.

Free concerts are held every Thursday night during the summer at Plymouth City Park, located at Highway 67 and Grove Street. In addition, the Plymouth Arts Center hosts a variety of musical and theatre performances throughout the year.

The Sheboygan County Fair is held every year on Labor Day weekend at Sheboygan County Fair Park in Plymouth.

Festivals in the Plymouth area include the Cheese Festival in early June, the PAC's Cheese Capital Jazz and Blues Crawl for the Arts Fundraiser in August, the Mill Street Festival in July, Road America races and special events and a Holiday Gathering Christmas Parade.

Evergreen Golf Course is a 9-hole course located in Plymouth.

Plymouth Dirt Track Racing runs all summer at Sheboygan County Fair Park

The Plymouth Aquatic Center at City Park is a zero-depth-entry pool with waterslides, a sand play area and concessions.

Plymouth High School's indoor pool is open to the community during open swim times.

Downhill skiing is available at Nutt Hill in Plymouth, which opens once there is 10 inches of snow on the ground.

Education
The Plymouth Joint School District serves the communities of Plymouth and nearby Cascade. It has three elementary schools, one middle school, and one high school. The Plymouth Joint School District is supported by the Plymouth Education Foundation, which provides scholarships, honors successful teachers, and raises funds for facility improvements. There are three neighborhood elementary schools within the Plymouth Joint School District, as well as Riverview Middle School and Plymouth High School. Plymouth High School has an enrollment of approximately 800 students and 53 full-time teachers.

St. John the Baptist Catholic School and St. John Lutheran School serve children in 3-K through eighth grade.

Transportation
Plymouth is located along State Highways 57, 67 and 23. Rail access is provided by the Wisconsin and Southern Railway Company (WSOR). Sheboygan County Memorial Airport (KSBM) is seven miles away. Plymouth is located less than an hour drive from Milwaukee and Green Bay.

A single-track railroad branch line between Plymouth and Sheboygan runs through the city. Built by the Chicago & North Western (C&NW) Railroad, the track originally paralleled the electric interurban Wisconsin Power & Light line, which terminated at Elkhart Lake. In later years it was primarily a freight line for the Chicago and North Western Transportation Company, and Union Pacific after Union Pacific acquired the C&NW in 1995. In 2006, citing low demand and degraded infrastructure, Union Pacific announced plans to abandon the line west of the Kohler Company factory in Kohler, thus terminating all service to Sheboygan Falls. In 2009, the Wisconsin Department of Transportation purchased the Plymouth-Sheboygan Falls portion of the line from Union Pacific, with the intent of repairing the long dormant line to allow the Wisconsin & Southern Railroad to provide restored service to Plymouth by 2015.

Plymouth is served by the Sheboygan County Memorial Airport (KSBM), which is located several miles east of the city. SKBM is the seventh-busiest airport in Wisconsin with no commercial travel. The 700+ daily flight operations are primarily business travel. SKBM is capable of landing a 98,000 lbs. aircraft or a Boeing 737 with the longest concrete runway 6,800 feet long, longer than a mile. The airport has fixed base operator with several private, industrial and commercial lots available for development.

Utilities
Electrical, water and sewerage service is provided by the municipally-owned Plymouth Utilities, while natural gas service is from Wisconsin Public Service.

For communications, Frontier Communications provides landline telephone service along with broadband DSL services and maintains a central office downtown, while Spectrum is the city's cable provider.

Notable people

 * Daniel P. Anderson, Presiding Judge of the Wisconsin Court of Appeals
 * Vera Eugenia Andrus, artist and printmaker
 * Theodore Benfey, Wisconsin State Senator
 * Bill B. Bruhy, Wisconsin State Representative and Mayor of Plymouth
 * Tony Evers, current Governor of Wisconsin and former Superintendent of Public Instruction
 * Emil Fischer, Green Bay Packers President 1948-1952
 * Val Heim, baseball player
 * Beau Hoopman, United States Olympic Rower
 * Frederick W. Krez, Wisconsin State Representative
 * Edwin J. Larson, Wisconsin State Representative
 * Walt Lautenbach, basketball player
 * Major C. Mead, Wisconsin State Senator
 * Bill Prietzel, racing driver
 * Otto Puhlman, Wisconsin State Representative
 * Patrick Henry Smith, Wisconsin State Senator
 * Tyler Vorpagel, Wisconsin State Representative
 * Allen F. Warden, Wisconsin State Representative

title: Plymouth, Wisconsin


text:
Sheboygan (town), Wisconsin

Sheboygan is a town in Sheboygan County, Wisconsin, known as the Town of Sheboygan to differentiate from the county and city of Sheboygan. The population was 8,136 according to the 2020 Census. It is included in the Sheboygan, Wisconsin Metropolitan Statistical Area. This separate municipality is located north and west of the city of Sheboygan, with varying boundaries along the city and village lines of Sheboygan and Kohler, including enclaves of homes connected to the town by inches-long lines of property.

The town of Sheboygan has at various times started to take action to acquire village status in order to fend off annexation attempts by the city, but efforts have been unsuccessful thus far.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 11.0 square miles (28.6 km2), of which, 11.0 square miles (28.5 km2) of it is land and 0.04 square miles (0.1 km2) of it (0.36%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,874 people, 2,148 households, and 1,724 families residing in the town. The population density was 534.5 people per square mile (206.4/km2). There were 2,245 housing units at an average density of 204.3 per square mile (78.9/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 96.12% White, 0.12% Black or African American, 0.15% Native American, 2.47% Asian, 0.54% from other races, and 0.60% from two or more races. 1.16% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 2,148 households, out of which 38.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 73.9% were married couples living together, 3.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.7% were non-families. 15.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.07.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.8% under the age of 18, 5.3% from 18 to 24, 30.9% from 25 to 44, 26.5% from 45 to 64, and 9.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $60,846, and the median income for a family was $64,422. Males had a median income of $43,400 versus $27,124 for females. The per capita income for the town was $25,492. About 0.8% of families and 1.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 1.2% of those under age 18 and 4.0% of those age 65 or over.

Government
The Town of Sheboygan is served by an elected 5-member town board, a chairman and four town supervisors. The town operates two Sanitary Districts. The town also employs a public works department for maintenance of town roads. The Town of Sheboygan Volunteer Fire Department provides fire suppression operating out of a fire station on the town's west side while Orange Cross Ambulance provides emergency medical services. Law enforcement services are provided by the Sheboygan County Sheriff's Office. Part-time Code Enforcement Officers are employed to address parking and ordinance concerns.

Education
The Sheboygan Area School District operates Lincoln-Erdman Elementary School and Lake Country Academy within the Town of Sheboygan.

Economy and growth
Although Sam's Club announced the building of a 137,000 square-foot store in 2014 on the former site of an older Menards store, after years of delays, Town of Sheboygan officials confirmed that the construction would not be moving forward, though Walmart continues to own the vacant land as of 2022. The Sheboygan Senior Community built a new facility on County Road Y and relocated from downtown Sheboygan in late 2015.

The town moved its town hall in December 2020 from its former cramped building at North 40th Street and Superior Avenue to an existing building in the Erdman area, as it became clear during the pandemic that it could not operate meetings or elections out of it to allow social distancing, and to address longstanding accessibility concerns.

title: Sheboygan (town), Wisconsin