text:
A. Philip Randolph

Asa Philip Randolph (April 15, 1889 – May 16, 1979) was an American labor unionist and civil rights activist. In 1925, he organized and led the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, the first successful African-American-led labor union. In the early Civil Rights Movement and the Labor Movement, Randolph was a prominent voice. His continuous agitation with the support of fellow labor rights activists against racist labor practices helped lead President Franklin D. Roosevelt to issue Executive Order 8802 in 1941, banning discrimination in the defense industries during World War II. The group then successfully maintained pressure, so that President Harry S. Truman proposed a new Civil Rights Act and issued Executive Orders 9980 and 9981 in 1948, promoting fair employment and anti-discrimination policies in federal government hiring, and ending racial segregation in the armed services.

Randolph was born and raised in Florida. He was educated at Cookman Institute, then moved to New York City as part of the early Great Migration, leaving behind the discriminatory Jim Crow–era south. There he became convinced that overcoming racism required collective action and he was drawn to socialism and workers' rights. He unsuccessfully ran for state office on the socialist ticket in the early 1920s, but found more success in organizing for African American workers' rights.

In 1963, Randolph was the head of the March on Washington, organized by Bayard Rustin, at which Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. delivered his "I Have A Dream" speech. Randolph inspired the "Freedom Budget", sometimes called the "Randolph Freedom budget", which aimed to deal with the economic problems facing the black community. It was published by the Randolph Institute in January 1967 as "A Freedom Budget for All Americans".

Early life and education
Asa Philip Randolph was born April 15, 1889, in Crescent City, Florida, the second son of James William Randolph, a tailor and minister in an African Methodist Episcopal Church, and Elizabeth Robinson Randolph, a seamstress. In 1891, the family moved to Jacksonville, Florida, which had a thriving, well-established African-American community.

From his father, Randolph learned that color was less important than a person's character and conduct. From his mother, he learned the importance of education and of defending oneself physically against those who tried to hurt one or one's family, if necessary. Randolph remembered vividly the night his mother sat in the front room of their house with a loaded shotgun across her lap, while his father tucked a pistol under his coat and went off to prevent a mob from lynching a man at the local county jail.

Asa and his brother, James, were superior students. They attended the Cookman Institute in East Jacksonville, the only academic high school in Florida for African Americans. Asa excelled in literature, drama, and public speaking; he also starred on the school's baseball team, sang solos with the school choir, and was valedictorian of the 1907 graduating class.

After graduation, Randolph worked odd jobs and devoted his time to singing, acting, and reading. Reading W. E. B. Du Bois's The Souls of Black Folk convinced him that the fight for social equality was most important. Barred by discrimination from all but manual jobs in the South, Randolph moved to New York City in 1911, where he worked odd jobs and took social sciences courses at City College.

Marriage and family
In 1913, Randolph courted and married Lucille Campbell Green, a widow, Howard University graduate, and entrepreneur who shared his socialist politics. She earned enough money to support them both. The couple had no children.

Early career
Shortly after Randolph's marriage, he helped organize the Shakespearean Society in Harlem. With them he played the roles of Hamlet, Othello, and Romeo, among others. Randolph aimed to become an actor but gave up after failing to win his parents' approval.In New York, Randolph became familiar with socialism and the ideologies espoused by the Industrial Workers of the World. He met Columbia University Law student Chandler Owen, and the two developed a synthesis of Marxist economics and the sociological ideas of Lester Frank Ward, arguing that people could be free only if not subject to economic deprivation. At this point, Randolph developed what became his distinctive form of civil rights activism, which emphasized the importance of collective action as a way for black people to gain legal and economic equality. To this end, he and Owen opened an employment office in Harlem to provide job training for southern migrants and encourage them to join trade unions.

Like others in the labor movement, Randolph favored immigration restriction. He opposed African Americans' having to compete with people willing to work for low wages. But unlike other immigration restrictionists, he rejected the notions of racial hierarchy that became popular in the 1920s.

In 1917, Randolph and Owen founded The Messenger with the help of the Socialist Party of America. It was a radical monthly magazine that campaigned against lynching, opposed U.S. participation in World War I, and urged African Americans to resist being drafted, fight for an integrated society, and join radical unions. The Department of Justice called The Messenger "the most able and the most dangerous of all the Negro publications." When it began publishing the work of black poets and authors, a critic called it "one of the most brilliantly edited magazines in the history of Negro journalism."

Soon thereafter, the editorial staff of The Messenger became divided by three issues: the growing rift between West Indian and African Americans, support for the Bolshevik revolution, and support for Marcus Garvey's Back-to-Africa movement. In 1919, most West Indian radicals joined the new Communist Party, while African-American leftists—Randolph included—mostly supported the Socialist Party. The infighting left The Messenger short of financial support, and it went into decline.

Randolph unsuccessfully ran on the Socialist Party ticket for New York State Comptroller in 1920 and for Secretary of State of New York in 1922.

Union organizer
Randolph's first experience with labor organization came in 1917, when he organized a union of elevator operators in New York City. In 1919 he became president of the National Brotherhood of Workers of America, a union that organized among African-American shipyard and dock workers in the Tidewater region of Virginia. The union dissolved in 1921 under pressure from the American Federation of Labor.

Randolph's greatest success came with the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters (BSCP), which elected him president in 1925. This was the first serious effort to form a labor institution for employees of the Pullman Company, a major employer of African Americans. The railroads had dramatically expanded in the early 20th century, and the jobs offered relatively good employment at a time of widespread racial discrimination. But because porters were not unionized, most had poor working conditions and were underpaid.

Under Randolph's direction, the BSCP enrolled 51 percent of porters within a year, to which Pullman responded with violence and firings. In 1928, after failing to win mediation under the Watson-Parker Railway Labor Act, Randolph planned a strike. This was postponed after rumors circulated that Pullman had 5,000 replacement workers ready to take the place of BSCP members. As a result of its perceived ineffectiveness, membership in the union declined; by 1933 it had only 658 members and electricity and telephone service at headquarters had been disconnected because of nonpayment of bills.

The BSCP's fortunes changed with the 1932 election of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. With amendments to the Railway Labor Act in 1934, porters were granted rights under federal law. Membership in the Brotherhood jumped to more than 7,000. After years of bitter struggle, the Pullman Company began to negotiate with the Brotherhood in 1935, and agreed to a contract with it in 1937. Employees gained $2,000,000 in pay increases, a shorter workweek, and overtime pay. Randolph maintained the Brotherhood's affiliation with the American Federation of Labor through the 1955 AFL-CIO merger.

Civil rights leader
Through his success with the BSCP, Randolph emerged as one of the most visible spokespeople for African-American civil rights. In 1941, he, Bayard Rustin, and A. J. Muste proposed a march on Washington to protest racial discrimination in war industries, an end to segregation, access to defense employment, the proposal of an anti-lynching law and of the desegregation of the American Armed forces. Randolph's belief in the power of peaceful direct action was inspired partly by Mahatma Gandhi's success using such tactics against British occupation in India. Randolph threatened to have 50,000 blacks march on the city; it was canceled after Roosevelt issued Executive Order 8802, or the Fair Employment Act. Some activists, including Rustin, felt betrayed because Roosevelt's order banned discrimination only within war industries, not the armed forces. Nonetheless, the Fair Employment Act is generally considered an important early civil rights victory.

And the movement continued to gain momentum. In 1942, an estimated 18,000 blacks gathered at Madison Square Garden to hear Randolph kick off a campaign against discrimination in the military, war industries, government agencies, and labor unions.

Following passage of the Act, during the Philadelphia transit strike of 1944, the government backed African-American workers' striking to gain positions formerly limited to white employees.

In 1943, Randolph visited Memphis to launch a personal campaign for free speech after Boss E.H. Crump, a Democratic ally of the president, had successfully used strong-arm and political pressure tactics to drive two prominent local black Republicans, J.B. Martin and Randolph's friend Robert Church Jr., out of the city. After he came to Memphis, Crump denied Randolph venues and intimidated local black leaders into declining speaking invitations by threatening them with jail. When Randolph urged Eleanor Roosevelt, who had friendly political ties with Crump, to do something to counter Crump's "fascist" denial of free speech, she refused. Her reply to Randolph on December 18 read in full: "I referred your letter to a friend of mine when I received it and I am sorry it has not been answered before. I was advised not to do anything, as it might do more harm than good."

Randolph and other activists continued to press for rights of African Americans. In 1947, Randolph and colleague Grant Reynolds renewed efforts to end discrimination in the armed services, forming the Committee Against Jim Crow in Military Service, later renamed the League for Non-Violent Civil disobedience. When President Truman asked Congress for a peacetime draft law, Randolph urged young black men to refuse to register. Since Truman was vulnerable to defeat in 1948 and needed the support of the growing black population in northern states, he eventually capitulated. On July 26, 1948, Truman abolished racial segregation in the armed forces with Executive Order 9981.

In 1950, along with Roy Wilkins, Executive Secretary of the NAACP, and Arnold Aronson, a leader of the National Jewish Community Relations Advisory Council, Randolph founded the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights (LCCR). LCCR has been a major civil rights coalition. It coordinated a national legislative campaign on behalf of every major civil rights law since 1957. Randolph and Rustin also formed an important alliance with Martin Luther King Jr. In 1957, when schools in the south resisted school integration following Brown v. Board of Education, Randolph and King organized the Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom. In 1958 and 1959, Randolph organized Youth Marches for Integrated Schools in Washington, D.C. At the same time, he arranged for Rustin to teach King to organize peaceful demonstrations in Alabama and form alliances with progressive whites. The protests, directed by James Bevel in cities such as Birmingham and Montgomery, provoked a violent backlash by police and the local Ku Klux Klan in the summer of 1963, which was captured on television and broadcast throughout the nation and the world. Rustin later remarked that Birmingham "was one of television's finest hours. Evening after evening, television brought into the living-rooms of America the violence, brutality, stupidity, and ugliness of [ police commissioner ] Eugene "Bull" Connor's effort to maintain racial segregation." Partly as a result of the violent spectacle in Birmingham, which was becoming an international embarrassment, the Kennedy administration drafted civil rights legislation aimed at ending Jim Crow once and for all.

Randolph finally realized his vision for a March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom on August 28, 1963, which attracted between 200,000 and 300,000 to the nation's capital. The rally is often remembered as the high point of the Civil Rights Movement, and it did help keep the issue in the public consciousness. But when President Kennedy was assassinated three months later, civil rights legislation stalled in the Senate. In 1964, under President Lyndon B. Johnson, the Civil Rights Act finally passed. In 1965, the Voting Rights Act passed. King and Bevel deserve great credit for these legislative victories, but the importance of Randolph's contributions to the Civil Rights Movement is large.

Religion
Randolph avoided speaking publicly about his religious beliefs to avoid alienating his diverse constituencies. Though he is sometimes identified as an atheist, particularly by his detractors, Randolph identified with the African Methodist Episcopal Church he was raised in. He pioneered the use of prayer protests, which became a key tactic of the civil rights movement. In 1973, he signed the Humanist Manifesto II.

Death
Randolph died in his Manhattan apartment on May 16, 1979. For several years before his death, he had a heart condition and high blood pressure. He had no known living relatives, as his wife Lucille had died in 1963, before the March on Washington.

Awards and accolades

 * In 1942, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People awarded Randolph the Spingarn Medal.
 * In 1953, the IBPOEW (Black Elks) awarded him their Elijah P. Lovejoy Medal, given "to that American who shall have worked most successfully to advance the cause of human rights, and for the freedom of Negro people."
 * On September 14, 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson presented Randolph with the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
 * In 1967 awarded the Eugene V. Debs Award
 * In 1967 awarded the Pacem in Terris Peace and Freedom Award. It was named after a 1963 encyclical letter by Pope John XXIII that calls upon all people of good will to secure peace among all nations.
 * Named Humanist of the Year in 1970 by the American Humanist Association.
 * Inaugural recipient of the Congressional Black Caucus Foundation's Adam Clayton Powell Award in 1972.
 * Named to the Florida Civil Rights Hall of Fame in January 2014.

Legacy
Randolph had a significant impact on the Civil Rights Movement from the 1930s onward. The Montgomery bus boycott in Alabama was directed by E.D. Nixon, who had been a member of the BSCP and was influenced by Randolph's methods of nonviolent confrontation. Nationwide, the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s and 1960s used tactics pioneered by Randolph, such as encouraging African Americans to vote as a bloc, mass voter registration, and training activists for nonviolent direct action.

In buildings, streets, and trains

 * Amtrak named one of its best sleeping cars, Superliner II Deluxe Sleeper 32503, the "A. Philip Randolph" in his honor.
 * A. Philip Randolph Academies of Technology, in Jacksonville, Florida, is named in his honor.
 * A. Philip Randolph Boulevard in Jacksonville, Florida, formerly Florida Avenue, was renamed in 1995 in Randolph's honor. It is on Jacksonville's east side, near TIAA Bank Field.
 * A. Philip Randolph Heritage Park in Jacksonville, Florida.
 * A. Philip Randolph Campus High School (New York City High School 540), on the City College of New York campus, is named in honor of Randolph. The school serves students predominantly from Harlem and surrounding neighborhoods.
 * Randolph Technical High School in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania was named in his honor.
 * The A. Philip Randolph Career and Technical Center in Detroit, Michigan is named in his honor.
 * The A. Philip Randolph Institute is named in his honor.
 * Public School 76 A. Philip Randolph in New York City is named in his honor
 * A. Philip Randolph Pullman Porter Museum is in Chicago's Pullman Historic District.
 * Edward Waters College in Jacksonville, Florida houses a permanent exhibit on the life and accomplishments of A. Philip Randolph.
 * Randolph Street, in Crescent City, Florida, was dedicated to him.
 * A. Philip Randolph Library, at Borough of Manhattan Community College
 * A. Philip Randolph Square park in Central Harlem was renamed to honor Randolph in 1964 by the City Council.

Arts, entertainment, and media

 * In the 2015 book The Road to Character, David Brooks includes him among the biographical sketches of individuals of good character
 * In 1994 a PBS documentary A. Philip Randolph: For Jobs and Freedom
 * In 2002, scholar Molefi Kete Asante included Randolph on his list of 100 Greatest African Americans.
 * The story of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters was made into the 2002 Robert Townsend film 10,000 Black Men Named George, starring Andre Braugher as Randolph. The title refers to the demeaning custom of the time when Pullman porters, all of whom were black, were just addressed as "George" (short for "George's boys", a reference to Pullman Company founder George Pullman).
 * A statue of Randolph was erected in his honor in the concourse of Washington Union Station in Washington, D.C.
 * In 1986 a five-foot bronze statue on a two-foot pedestal  of Randolph by Tina Allen was erected in Boston's Back Bay station.
 * Glynn Turman played Randolph in the 2023 biopic Rustin produced by Barack and Michelle Obama.

Other

 * James Farmer, co-founder of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), cited Randolph as one of his primary influences as a civil rights leader.
 * Randolph was inducted into the Labor Hall of Honor in 1989.

title: A. Philip Randolph


text:
Albino (chess)

An Albino is a type of chess problem, "in which, at some point in the solution, a white Pawn on its starting square makes each of its four possible moves (forward one square, forward two squares, capture to the left, capture to the right)." When a Black pawn exhibits similar activity or a quadruple defense instead of "Albino" it is termed a "Pickaninny" (see: albino and pickaninny). The Albino is, "the four possible moves of a WP [white pawn] on its initial square (excluding squares a2 and h2)," and, the Pickaninny, "the four possible moves of a BP [black pawn] on its initial square (excluding squares a7 and h7)". The latter term was coined by Frank Janet by 1916.

Examples
A simple example of an Albino is the problem to the right, a mate in 2 (White moves first and must checkmate Black in two moves against any defense). It is by Camil Seneca and was first published in the April 1949 edition of the Bulletin Ouvrier des Echecs. The first move of the solution (or key) is 1.Nb1. This threatens 2.Ra3#. Black has four ways to defend against this, each of which leads to a different move of the White pawn. After 1...Bb3, the only move that mates is 2.cxb3# (the pawn captures to the left). After 1..Bd3, the only mate is 2.cxd3# (capturing to the right). After 1...Bb5 only 2.c3# will do (forward one square; 2.c4 is no good because the b4 square needs to be covered by the pawn now the White queen has been cut off). After 1...Bd5 only 2.c4# will do (2.c3 is no good, because Black could play 2...Bb3).

The Albino pawn moves need not necessarily be in the post-key play of the problem; they can instead be tries: moves which almost solve a problem but which fail to a single Black defense. The mate in 2 to the right, which combines the Albino with a Pickaninny, is an example. It is by Lev Loshinsky and was published in Moskau-Rostow in 1930. The key is 1.Nfd5 (threatening 2. Qf4#) with the variations 1...g5 2. h8=Q#; 1...Rxc3/Rxd5 2.Qf5#; and 1...Rd4 2.Qxg7/f5#. The main point of the problem however, is in the Albino tries, each of which is refuted by a Pickaninny defense. The relevant variations are:

 * 1.exd3 (capture to the left; threatens 2.Nd7#) fails to 1...gxf6 (capture to the right)
 * 1.exf3 (capture to the right; threatens 2.Qg5# and 2.f4#) fails to 1...gxh6 (capture to the left)
 * 1.e3 (one square forward; threatens 2.Qf4#) fails to 1...g5 (two squares forward)
 * 1.e4 (two squares forward; threatens 2. Qf5#) fails to 1...g6 (one square forward)

In each of these cases there are other ways for Black to counter White's threat, but the Pickaninny move is the only one that doesn't give White a new mate (for example, after 1.exf3, Bg6 prevents White's threats, but is not any good because it allows 2.Rxe6#).

The nature of the Albino theme is such that in orthodox chess there must be at least four variations to show the four different moves of the White pawn. However, if the rules of circe chess are applied, the number of required variations can be reduced to two (circe is a chess variant in which captured pieces, rather than being removed from the board, are returned to their home squares). The problem to the right is an example; it is by Adrian Storisteanu and was first published in the British Chess Magazine in 1977. The problem is a helpmate in 2, which means Black moves first and cooperates with White to move to a position where Black is in checkmate after White's second move. This problem features grasshoppers (represented here by inverted queens), a fairy chess piece which moves along the same lines as a queen, but which must "hop" over another piece (friendly or enemy) and land on the square immediately beyond.

There are two solutions to the problem (note that in helpmates, Black's moves are given first):

 * 1.Rd3 c3+ 2.Gaxc3(pc2) cxd3(Ra8)#
 * 1.Rb3 c4+ 2.Gxc4(pc2) cxb3(Ra8)#

The first solution has the White pawn moving forward one square, then, after its rebirth on c2, capturing to the right; the second solution has the pawn first moving two squares and then capturing to the left. Problems like this, showing an Albino with fewer than four variations, are very unusual.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Albino (chess)


text:
User talk:Stephentaylor

Hello Stephen, welcome to Wikipedia. I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian. You can learn more on the how to edit page. The naming conventions and manual of style pages are also useful. Feel free to experiment at the Sandbox. If you have any questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Angela

title: User talk:Stephentaylor


text:
User talk:Paul Stansifer

Finally cleaned out old messages: messages prior to 11 Aug 2004

Quine
Hello. In re Curry's paradox: If you want to link to W. V. Quine, don't link to Quine, since that is an article about computer programs called quines. Michael Hardy 23:47, 29 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Tampa Wikimeet
Pardon the impersonality; I'm pasting this on every Wikiuser's page who lives in eastern Florida. We're scheduling a Wikimeet this Saturday, September 11. Jimbo still has to decide the place but he's looking into Panera Bread locations here in Tampa. Please post on User:Jimbo Wales and tell us if you're interested in coming. Thanks! Mike H 18:31, Sep 7, 2004 (UTC)

U.S. Southern Wikipedians' notice board
Hey! I've created this new notice board specifically for articles related to people from the U.S. South. If you are interested in contributing, leave a message on the page and add articles you feel need to be reviewed, contributed to, or started. Mike H 20:53, Sep 29, 2004 (UTC)

Article Licensing
Hi, I've started a drive to get users to multi-license all of their contributions that they've made to either (1) all U.S. state, county, and city articles or (2) all articles, using the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC-by-sa) v1.0 and v2.0 Licenses or into the public domain if they prefer. The CC-by-sa license is a true free documentation license that is similar to Wikipedia's license, the GFDL, but it allows other projects, such as WikiTravel, to use our articles. Since you are among the top 2000 Wikipedians by edits, I was wondering if you would be willing to multi-license all of your contributions or at minimum those on the geographic articles. Over 90% of people asked have agreed. For More Information:
 * Multi-Licensing FAQ - Lots of questions answered
 * Multi-Licensing Guide
 * Free the Rambot Articles Project

To allow us to track those users who muli-license their contributions, many users copy and paste the " " template into their user page, but there are other options at Template messages/User namespace. The following examples could also copied and pasted into your user page:

 * Option 1
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions, with the exception of my user pages, as described below:

OR
 * Option 2
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions to any U.S. state, county, or city article as described below:

Or if you wanted to place your work into the public domain, you could replace " " with "  ". If you only prefer using the GFDL, I would like to know that too. Please let me know what you think at my talk page. It's important to know either way so no one keeps asking. -- Ram-Man (comment| talk)

Early American editions of The Hobbit
Thanks for pointing us to this gem. It may be against the community editing concept, but we might need something like an Ex Nihilo barnstar for amazing articles created from scratch by one contributor—the only other edits were wikification. Incredible. For the moment, I've handed out a regular barnstar. Others may call this fancruft, I call it fanfare. :-) JRM 20:40, 2004 Dec 12 (UTC)

Altruism
I did, by putting the reference in the article under "References." There are some newer versions that are print now though. I'll try to point you to one. RJII 15:27, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Logo Request
Thank you for your contribution to logos of Wikimedia projects. May I ask for a high resolution version bitmap or vector version of any of the following logo?

[] or or or the third logo on your user page (preferred)

I just want to put it on my name card, so it's better to have a high resol. :) If it's available, please email me: jamguo@gmail.com Thank you. --61.129.42.33 15:01, 23 May 2005 (UTC)

Visual Basic Classic Wikibook
I see you have contributed to the Visual Basic article on Wikipedia. Any chance you would like to join in editing the wikibook: http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Programming:Visual_Basic_Classic? --Kjwhitefoot 09:26, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

Change for Wikipedians from Florida
The list Wikipedians/Florida has been replaced by Category:Wikipedians in Florida. Your name has been removed from the list. If you would like to remain listed as a Wikipedian from Florida, please add to your User page. thanks!

KillerChihuahua?!? 00:37, 29 December 2005 (UTC), a member of WikiProject Florida

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Logo contests
Hi!

Since you were one of the finalists of the International logo contest, I thought you might be interested in the contests for a new logo for Wiktionary and for a logo for Incubator. Hoping to see some great contributions from you! =] — Nightst a  llion  (?) 09:49, 13 June 2006 (UTC)

Oc logo
Hi! The name of occitan projecte has changed! I made a requeste in Mediawiki to change the logo "Oiquipedià, l'enciclopedia liura" into "Wikipèdia, l'enciclopèdia liura", but I have no news about it... Can you help us? Cedric31 17:39, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

The Wiki Puzzle Logo
You made a colorful Wiki logo and I would like to use it in a userbox. I want to get your premission to do so before using it. I would have to reupload it (it keeps coming up in a black background as a .png...just switching it to.jpg)...I would take no credit for it, just upload it so it works better. If this is OK, please let me know, if you would rather I not use it, that is OK too and I won't have any hard feelings about it. - SVRTVDude (Yell - Work) 02:26, 9 February 2007 (UTC)

User:Orangemonster2k1/Wikipedia||

 * There ya go....I had to take out the world "Wikipedia" cause it was making it kinda blurry with so much background space...so it is just the puzzle logo. I think my line is kinda funny:) - SVRTVDude (Yell - Work) 06:11, 9 February 2007 (UTC)

Straw poll on free software categorization of POV-Ray
Since you previously changed the categorization of POV-Ray, can you please comment int Talk:POV-Ray Karnesky 22:11, 14 March 2007 (UTC)

[[Image:Bouncywikilogo.gif]]
Greetings! This image was recently. Since you were one of the two names I found here, I thought I would drop you a line to try and understand why the image was deleted, because the aforementioned states that although the image is copywrited (copywritten?) that: "Emails from David and Paul were received which transferred their copyright of them." What's the real scoop? Just curious, no big thing. Thanks for your time.  EleosPrime  14:46, 20 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Well, oddly, it is back. Thanks for your reply.  I look forward to people deleting it and re-uploading it over and over again, as seems to be the way of things here. ;)  Take care.   EleosPrime  18:59, 20 May 2007 (UTC)

order-of-magnitude pictures
Thanks for the thanks. I could not have extended your images without your POV-Ray code files so it really helped that you made them available under free licenses. I also got lazy after getting to File:1e18m comparison 1000 light years nebula clusters.png and just hope that someone else might continue. I might go back and tweak the dull lighting on Saturn's rings though. 84user (talk) 09:11, 20 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Hello! I have some friends who are really interested in powers of ten and their use in education; maybe we could bring this up as a topic at one of the upcoming wikimeetups in Boston.  Are you still in the area?  +sj +  19:46, 30 October 2009 (UTC)

3D Data
I would like to animate the Wikipedia puzzle ball for a User Skin, could you please post any 3d data you have somewhere on Wikipedia or media-wiki.Please notify me if you can or cannot do this.--Glas (talk) 23:03, 4 May 2009 (UTC)
 * Well I really need it, also I updated my user skin so you can really see why. please take a look. Anything will help even the files used to create your logo for the logo contest would help.--Glas (talk) 06:30, 5 May 2009 (UTC)
 * Thank you, I will see what I can do I hope all goes well.--Glas (talk) 21:16, 6 May 2009 (UTC)

File copyright problem with File:Paul stansifer size wip stars 7.3.png
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Syntax for category link
I noticed you had some trouble trying to do a wikilink to a category. This had me stumped for ages as well. Just thought I'd pass it along - you need to put a colon before the word "category" as well as after, like this: Category:Physics theorems produces Category:Physics theorems. Hope that helps. By the way, why does your 17:03 contribution to the Humanities desk appear in the list of your contributions, but not the page history? Just curious. Thanks, --Richardrj talkemail 15:25, 2 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Whoops, sorry - I saw the 17:03 and 17:07 timestamps and just assumed the two edits were made one right after the other. Didn't even notice they were 24 hours apart.  Best, --Richardrj talkemail 09:13, 4 June 2010 (UTC)

RD Computing
Did you mean to delete other people's comments? --Tagishsimon (talk)

image on orders of ten
Hi, I am kind of a fan of astronomical pictures and photographs. On the Wikipedia page for orders of magnitude, I found a collage of images and you were the first reference. The Wiki page doesn't link to a larger version of the image like usual, and the highest resolution is the thumbnail size. I was wondering if a larger image existed and if I could download it. I don't distribute anything or pass it off as my own, I just really enjoy looking at things like that.

--QoppaDigamma (talk) 08:41, 9 July 2010 (UTC)

Edited your comment
This change was trivial and obvious typo-correction, but I thought I'd mention it because I edited your comment. Diff. Nimur (talk) 20:14, 4 October 2010 (UTC)

Wikipedia's logo
I'm French and I can to do mistakes in English. Hello, this is your logo, and I need your permission for to use it. It will uses in the French Wikipedia, in the WikiPermanence. Thank you to answer on my User Page. Etiennekd 21:45, 14 November 2012 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Etiennekd (talk • contribs)

A kitten for you!
Eeeee!

Scwalsh (talk) 08:00, 18 February 2013 (UTC)

R136a1
@ Can you create an animation of R136a1 similar to aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa (talk) 15:52, 24 May 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 08:52, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Paul Stansifer


text:
User talk:Scherzo triste

Hello Scherzo triste, welcome to Wikipedia. I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian. You can learn more on the how to edit page. The naming conventions and manual of style pages are also useful. Feel free to experiment at the Sandbox. If you have any questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Angela

NowCommons: File:Spohr.jpg
File:Spohr.jpg is now available on Wikimedia Commons as Commons:File:Spohr-autoportrait.jpg. This is a repository of free media that can be used on all Wikimedia wikis. The image will be deleted from Wikipedia, but this doesn't mean it can't be used anymore. You can embed an image uploaded to Commons like you would an image uploaded to Wikipedia, in this case:. Note that this is an automated message to inform you about the move. This bot did not copy the image itself. --Erwin85Bot (talk) 10:53, 6 April 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Scherzo triste


text:
User talk:NilsB

Hello NilsB, welcome to Wikipedia. I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian. You can learn more on the how to edit page. The naming conventions and manual of style pages are also useful. Feel free to experiment at the Sandbox. If you have any questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Angela

Image Poll (Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons)
Thanks. It would seem to follow. Welcome to Wikipedia. User:Zoe|(talk) 23:06, 4 February 2006 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called NilsB. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name NilsB~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 02:09, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Re: RBH
I note from the de-wiki talkpage regarding the local page for article titles there; MOS:TMSTYLE and MOS:ALLCAPS would be the suitable equivalents here. Hope this helps. Craig (talk)  21:08, 28 June 2024 (UTC)

 * Indeed it helps. Thank you! NilsB (talk) 10:01, 30 June 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:NilsB


text:
User talk:Calum

W. H. Grattan Flood
Can you please explain which precepts of WP:NPOV that you feel W. H. Grattan Flood violates? Where are there conflicting opinions that require their POV that you feel are not properly represented? -- Avi 03:13, 29 June 2006 (UTC)

 * I'm not an expert on Grattan Flood or his career, but the one book of his I am familiar with (The Story of the Bagpipe) is a pile of unremitting nonsense from start to finish, which to me makes the tone of this article highly suspect. Just going through the article we find phrases like: "renowned musicologist and historian", "key and enduring works", "scholarly works were seminal", "impeccably researched monographs", and so on.  And, more seriously, I've just noticed that the majority of the text is copied from http://www.waterfordcountylibrary.ie/library/web/Display/article/96/
 * Hope this helps, anyway -- Calum 16:38, 29 June 2006 (UTC)

Using platitudionous phraseology is not a violation of WP:NPOV per se. The perfect article does recommend “is engaging; uses varied sentence lengths and patterns; language is descriptive and colorful while still maintaining encyclopedic tone.” So it may not be perfect, but I do not believe it is a WP:NPOV violation, and I plan on removing the tag. However, I will look into the copyvio issue, and see if it is an issue, whether it can be fixed, or if more drastic measures need to be taken. Thank you! -- Avi 18:26, 29 June 2006 (UTC)

Pastoral Pipes
''The pastoral pipe chanter is massively different from any other kind of chanter that was played in Britain around the time of its invention [...] In my opinion, the Pastoral pipe was invented outright, not derived from another kind of bagpipe. However, some original research is needed here, which isn't Wikipedia's job. Calum 05:58, 27 July 2006 (UTC)''

Yeah I see what you mean; the pastoral pipe chanter is different to any other pipe played in Britain at that time. Although it used a Scottish fingering style I’m surprised the highland pipers didn’t keep it going as it had a second octave? Although not being a highland pipe player myself, I couldn’t comment on the bag pressure needed to reach it.

I found out some information though, (McCandless 2005), states the first pictorial reference to a pastoral pipe occurs in London at a play called “The Beggers Opera” in 1727. This opera was popular in its time due to the influx of Italian music and was called a pastoral play due to its theme of Shepard’s.

It featuring an en masse dance led by a bagpipe. At the time William Hogarth (1697-1764) was a fan, and one of his engravings features a bellow blown bagpipe from the opera that closely resembles the pastoral pipe in Geoghegan’s tune book. The Beggars Opera, mirrored musical trends at the time and (Bates 1967) cited in (McCandless 2005), says “rancorous oboes” manufactured in London were also called pastoral. This may indicate why the bagpipes called the Pastoral pipes, also the operas was set in the colourful backwater of “Newgate prison” and the term “new pipes” could derive from this.

I posted the same reply on the pastoral pipes page. I also included a link to the (McCandless 2005) essay on the pastoral pipe link, if you want to look at it.Celtic Harper 01:00, 29 July 2006 (UTC)

 * To my mind, the fingering system the pastoral pipes used has nothing more to do with Scottish GHB fingering than does any other nine note bagpipe. It certainly would not be a comfortable conversion for most pipers. My personal opinion is that the pastoral bagpipe was the invention of an expert instrument maker who was out to fleece the Romantics.  Certainly most of the early evidence points to pastoral and Uilleann bagpipes being owned for the most part by people who could afford to pay for an expensive and difficult to manufacture instrument. Calum 06:09, 4 August 2006 (UTC)

Bagpipe world cup article
I see your point as well ... perhaps this is a candidate for an AFD? I was just trying to cleanup some orphaned articles. DJ Creamity Oh Yeah! 16:31, 29 November 2007 (UTC)

sheet music on Wikisource
Hi, you are mentioned on s:Help:Sheet music, a page I have only now found after having been around the traps a while. Anyway, Wikisource is going to be spending the next week focusing on sheet music. At this stage, the intention is to ignore technical limitations, and focus on creating some valuable sheet music (as PDFs or images). Please take a look at s:Wikisource:Sheet music, suggest ideas and spread the word. John Vandenberg (talk) 09:01, 9 January 2008 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of List of pipe makers
A proposed deletion template has been added to the article List of pipe makers, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process
 * The majority of this article's content appears to violate WP:NOTLINK and WP:LINKSPAM; updates appear to be in order to promote external businesses only.

All contributions are appreciated, but this article may not satisfy Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and the deletion notice should explain why (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why you disagree with the proposed deletion in your edit summary or on its talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised because, even though removing the deletion notice will prevent deletion through the proposed deletion process, the article may still be deleted if it matches any of the speedy deletion criteria or it can be sent to Articles for Deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. Quaeler (talk) 14:14, 16 January 2009 (UTC)

AfD nomination of List of pipe makers
An article that you have been involved in editing, List of pipe makers, has been listed for deletion. If you are interested in the deletion discussion, please participate by adding your comments at Articles for deletion/. Thank you.Please contact me if you're unsure why you received this message. r ʨ anaɢ talk/contribs 17:57, 28 May 2009 (UTC)
 * I'm curious what references you used to determine which people should be listed. Please join the discussion.  The article can easily be saved.   D r e a m Focus  11:39, 29 May 2009 (UTC)

Border country listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect Border country. Since you had some involvement with the Border country redirect, you might want to participate in the redirect discussion (if you have not already done so). D O N D E groovily  Talk to me  14:48, 9 November 2010 (UTC)

Para you modded in Great Highland Bagpipe
Greetings, while I share your concerns about Braveheart/Sir Walter Scott - derived pseudo-history of the pipes, please re-read the paragraph you modded: It no longer flows or makes sense, and one sentence is a fragment. It may definitely be that your deletions were correct and the info was wrong, but the chop disordered the whole paragraph. Please either re-insert correct data, or else chop out the rest of the paragraph. The paragraph was about banning pipes, and with mention of said bans removed the mentions of the various assimilations and legal acts make no sense. Please re-read and note what needs to be updated. MatthewVanitas (talk) 19:02, 16 December 2010 (UTC)
 * Aye, quite right. I'm not one for knocking Scott though - he knew a damn sight more than most, and he certainly didn't think they had been banned (the whole thing springs from some rubbish written in the preface to an early piobaireachd collection by persons unknown). Calum (talk) 23:08, 17 December 2010 (UTC)

Hi
As an outsider of the project in the past am trying to resurrect WikiProject Pipe Bands viz http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Pipe_Bands - any thoughts suggestions or otherwise would be appreciated - cheers SatuSuro 00:48, 18 December 2010 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 08:52, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Stephen Bernard
Dear Calum,

I hope you are well.

I have written something on the talk page of an article you kindly noted. I have asked for the page you commented on to be taken down, but it seems v difficult. Perhaps you could do it, please? I do not know at all how Wikipaedia works.

Stephen

2A02:C7D:A37D:1A00:7D87:541E:A196:DA56 (talk) 13:26, 20 September 2018 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of List of nontraditional bagpipe usage

The article List of nontraditional bagpipe usage has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Unsourced list of trivia."

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Why? I Ask (talk) 12:14, 7 December 2022 (UTC)

Nomination of List of nontraditional bagpipe usage for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article List of nontraditional bagpipe usage is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/List of nontraditional bagpipe usage until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article until the discussion has finished. Why? I Ask (talk) 20:08, 9 December 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:Calum


text:
User talk:Pault79

Hello Paul, welcome to Wikipedia. I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian. You can learn more on the how to edit page. The naming conventions and manual of style pages are also useful. Feel free to experiment at the Sandbox. If you have any questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Angela

Orphaned non-free image (Image:Missing.ricci.police.jpg)
Thanks for uploading Image:Missing.ricci.police.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. MER-C 06:23, 3 June 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Pault79


text:
Passport to Pimlico

Passport to Pimlico is a 1949 British comedy film made by Ealing Studios and starring Stanley Holloway, Margaret Rutherford and Hermione Baddeley. It was directed by Henry Cornelius and written by T. E. B. Clarke. The story concerns the unearthing of treasure and documents that lead to a small part of Pimlico to be declared a legal part of the House of Burgundy, and therefore exempt from the post-war rationing or other bureaucratic restrictions in Britain.

Passport to Pimlico explores the spirit and unity of wartime London after the war and offers an examination of the English character. Like other Ealing comedies, the film pits a small group of British people against a series of changes to the status quo from an external agent. The story was an original concept by the screenwriter T. E. B. Clarke. He was inspired by an incident during the Second World War, when the maternity ward of Ottawa Civic Hospital was temporarily declared extraterritorial by the Canadian government so that when Princess Juliana of the Netherlands gave birth, the baby was born on Dutch territory and would not lose her right to the throne.

Passport to Pimlico was well-received on its release. The film was released in the same year as Whisky Galore! and Kind Hearts and Coronets. Passport to Pimlico was nominated for the British Academy Film Award for Best British Film and the Academy Award for Writing (Story and Screenplay). There have since been two BBC Radio adaptations: the first in 1952, the second in 1996.

Plot
The film's opening credits end with the words "dedicated to the memory of", with an image of Second World War British food and clothing ration coupons.

In post-Second World War London, an unexploded bomb detonates in Miramont Gardens, Pimlico. The explosion reveals a long-buried cellar containing artwork, coins, jewellery and an ancient manuscript. The document is authenticated by the historian Professor Hatton-Jones as a royal charter of Edward IV that ceded a house and its estates to Charles, the last Duke of Burgundy, when he sought refuge there after being presumed dead at the 1477 Battle of Nancy. As the charter had never been revoked, an area of Pimlico is declared to still be a legal part of Burgundy.

As the British government has no legal jurisdiction, it requires the local residents to form a representative committee according to the laws of the long-defunct dukedom before negotiating with them. Ancient Burgundian law requires that the duke himself appoint a council. Sébastien de Charolais arrives and presents his claim to the title, which is verified by Professor Hatton-Jones. He forms the governing body, which includes Spiller, the local policeman; Mr. Wix, the manager of the bank branch; and Arthur Pemberton, a neighbourhood shopkeeper, who is appointed as Burgundy's prime minister. The council begin discussions with the government, particularly about the Burgundian treasure.

After it dawns on people that Burgundy is not subject to post-war rationing or other bureaucratic restrictions, the district is quickly flooded with black marketeers and shoppers. Spiller is unable to handle the rising tide of problems by himself. In response, the British authorities surround the Burgundian territory with barbed wire. The residents retaliate against what they see as heavy-handed bureaucratic action; they stop a London Underground train as it passes through Burgundy, and ask to see passports of all passengers: those without documents are prevented from proceeding.

The British government retaliates by breaking off negotiations and isolating Burgundy. The residents are invited to "emigrate" to England, but few leave. Power, water and deliveries of food are all cut off at the border by the British. Late one night, the Burgundians covertly connect a hose to a nearby British water main and fill a bomb crater, solving the water problem, but this floods the food store. Unable to overcome this new problem, the Burgundians prepare to give up. Sympathetic Londoners begin to throw food parcels across the barrier, and soon others join in; the Burgundians have an ample supply, and decide to stay. A helicopter pumps milk through a hose and pigs are parachuted into the area.

Meanwhile, the British government comes under public pressure to resolve the situation. It becomes clear to the British diplomats assigned to find a solution that defeating the Burgundians through starvation is both difficult and unpopular with the British people, so they negotiate. The sticking point turns out to be the disposition of the unearthed treasure. Wix, now the Burgundian chancellor of the exchequer, suggests a Burgundian loan of the treasure to Britain. With the final piece of the deadlock eliminated, Burgundy reunites with Britain, which also sees the return of rationing for food and clothing to the area. The celebratory outdoor banquet is interrupted by heavy rain.

Themes
Passport to Pimlico contains numerous references to the Second World War and the postwar Labour Government to accentuate the spirit within the small Burgundian enclave. The scholar of film studies, Charles Barr, in his examination of the Ealing films, observes that in opposing the British government, the Burgundians "recover the spirit, the resilience and local autonomy and unity of wartime London". Barr suggests the actions "re-enact, ... in miniature, the war experience of Britain itself". The film historian Mark Duguid, writing for the British Film Institute, considers that the opposition is a "yearning nostalgia for the social unity of the war years".

The film historians Anthony Aldgate and Jeffrey Richards describe Passport to Pimlico as a progressive comedy because it upsets the established social order to promote the well-being of a community. The view of the community put forward in the film has been criticised as being anachronistic, as the wartime unity had already passed by 1949. According to Aldgate and Richards, the welcome return to the ration books at the end of the film signifies an acceptance that the measures of the British government are in the best interests of the people.

The device of pitting a small group of British against a series of changes to the status quo from an external agent leads the British Film Institute to consider Passport to Pimlico, along with other of the Ealing comedies, as "conservative, but 'mildly anarchic' daydreams, fantasies". At the close of the story, when the summer heatwave turns to a torrential downpour, the film has "something of the quality of a fever-dream", according to Aldgate and Richards.

According to the film historian Robert Sellers, Passport to Pimlico "captures the most quintessential English traits of individualism, tolerance and compromise"; Duguid sees the examination of the English character as being "at the heart" of the film. This was one of the aspects that appealed to Margaret Rutherford, who liked the way the British were portrayed "accentuating their individuality and decency, while acknowledging some parochial idiosyncracies".

Production
Passport to Pimlico was produced by Michael Balcon, the head of Ealing Studios; he appointed Henry Cornelius as director. The film was one of three comedies to be produced simultaneously, alongside Whisky Galore! and Kind Hearts and Coronets; all three were released into UK cinemas over two months.

The plot was an original story by T. E. B. Clarke, a writer of both comedy and drama scripts for Ealing; his other screenplays for the studio include Hue and Cry (1947), Against the Wind (1948), The Blue Lamp (1950), The Lavender Hill Mob (1951) and The Titfield Thunderbolt (1953). Clarke was inspired by an incident during the Second World War, when the maternity ward of Ottawa Civic Hospital was temporarily declared extraterritorial by the Canadian government so that when the then-Princess Juliana of the Netherlands gave birth to Princess Margriet of the Netherlands, the baby was born on Dutch territory, and would not lose her right to the throne. The airlift of food supplies into the Burgundian enclave was influenced by the flights of food and supplies during the Berlin Blockade of June 1948 – May 1949. The music for the film was composed by Georges Auric, who had been involved in several other productions for Ealing Studios.

The lead part of Pemberton was initially offered to Jack Warner. He turned down the role because he was committed to another film, and so the part was instead offered to Stanley Holloway. Alastair Sim was offered the role of Professor Hatton-Jones, but after he turned it down, Margaret Rutherford was cast instead.

Filming
Passport to Pimlico is set during a heatwave that occurred in Britain in 1947, but, despite this, filming took place during 1948's abnormally wet summer. The poor weather caused delays in production, which led to the film being over-time and over-budget. Shooting started early each day, in an attempt to get the first successful shot completed before 9:00 am. An average of ten takes a day were taken, in an attempt to get two and a half minutes of usable film per day. There were arguments between Cornelius and Balcon throughout the production, because Balcon was unhappy with what he saw as poor direction. Cornelius left Ealing Studios after working on Passport to Pimlico and did not work for the studio again.

The outdoor scenes were not shot in Pimlico, but about a mile away in Lambeth. A set was built on a large Second World War bombsite just south of the Lambeth Road at the junction of Hercules Road. At the conclusion of filming, the site had to be returned to the same bomb-damaged state as before, to enable the locals to claim war damage compensation. The site has since been built on, and now features 1960s municipal flats.

Release and reception
Passport to Pimlico was released into UK cinemas on 28 April 1949; the film was financially successful. For the US release on 23 October 1949, soil was imported and placed in front of the cinema; commissionaires in the uniform of a British policeman would hand out mock passports and invite passers-by to step onto English soil to see the film. The film was shown at the 1949 Cannes Film Festival, although it was not entered into the competition.

The film earned distributor's gross receipts of £104,444 in the UK of which £81,436 went to the producer.

Critics warmly praised Passport to Pimlico on its release. Several critics identified that the script was excellent, and the reviewer for The Manchester Guardian thought that "the chief credit for ... [this] joy of a film should go to T. E. B. Clarke". The unnamed reviewer for The Monthly Film Bulletin considered that "every line, every 'gag', is a little masterpiece of wit", while the critic C. A. Lejeune, writing for The Observer, thought that the writing and direction were excellent; she went on to record that "the end comes too soon, which is something that can be said of very few films".

The acting was also praised by many of the critics; Lejeune thought that "the acting of the countless small character parts that the plot brings together is splendid", while the reviewer for The Monthly Film Bulletin considered that "each character, and indeed every individual member of the lengthy cast, provides a gem of comedy acting at its highest and best". The Manchester Guardian reviewer was critical about aspects of the direction which, it was said, was undertaken "with barely sufficient skill to sustain the fun". The critic Henry Raynor, writing for Sight and Sound, thought that the film "sacrificed a comic enquiry into motives and personality to a farcical romp ... It was carried through, not by wit or polish, but by a sometimes hysterical jollity".

Passport to Pimlico was nominated for the British Academy Film Award for Best British Film, alongside Whisky Galore! and Kind Hearts and Coronets, although they lost to The Third Man (1949); the film was also nominated for the Academy Award for Writing (Story and Screenplay), where it lost to Battleground (1949).

Adaptations
In 1952, a radio adaptation, written by Charles Hatton, was broadcast on the BBC's Light Programme. Charles Leno played Pemberton, in a cast that included Christopher Lee, Gladys Henson and Kenneth Williams. A BBC Radio 4 adaptation, written by John Peacock, was broadcast on 20 January 1996. George Cole played the part of Pemberton; Michael Maloney and Joan Sims also appeared.

The 1993 film Wayne's World 2 was originally planned to be a remake of Passport to Pimlico, but shortly before filming was to begin, executives at Paramount Pictures realized that the studio had not acquired rights to the earlier film and ordered writer/star Mike Myers to write a new screenplay with a different plot.

title: Passport to Pimlico


text:
Guanghua Temple (Putian)

The Guanghua Temple, also known as the South Mountain Guanghua Temple (南山广寺), is a Buddhist temple located at the foot of Mount Phoenix (凤凰山), about 2 km south of Putian City, Fujian Province, People's Republic of China.

Built in the penultimate year of the Southern Chen dynasty (588 CE), it is one of the most influential Chinese Buddhism temples in China as well as one of the most scenic visitor attractions in Fujian Province.

Location
The temple stands about 500 m from the entrance to the Longmen Stone Cave (龙门石洞) and is spread over an area of more than 32,000 m,

Ancient times
Constructed in 558 CE, the second year of Emperor Wu of Chen's Yongding (永定) era, the temple was originally called the Jinxian Monastery (金仙庵), after its first abbot, Master Jinxian. In 589 CE, founding Sui dynasty Emperor Wen, a Buddhist adherent, extended the building and renamed it the "Guanghua Temple".

During Emperor Xuanzong of Tang's reign (685–762 CE), Indian monks came to discuss and lecture on Buddhism at the temple. Xuanzong also built a tower in the grounds. The temple changed its name again during the Tang dynasty when in 771 CE, the second year of his Jingyun (景云) era, Emperor Ruizong of Tang dubbed it the Lingyan Temple (灵岩寺) and had a signboard created by the renowned calligrapher Liu Gongquan.

Finally, during the early reign of Emperor Taizong of Song (r. 976–997 CE), the temple once more became the Guanghua Temple.

The establishment flourished during the Song (1279–1368) and Ming (1368–1644) Dynasties. Along with Fuzhou's Gushan Spring Temple (鼓山涌泉寺), Quanzhou's Kaiyuan Temple (开元寺), and Xiamen's Nanputuo Temple, the Guanghua Temple was known as one of the four great Buddhist monasteries or Conglin (丛林) of Fujian Province.

In 1341 CE the Guanghua Monastery was destroyed during a war then rebuilt between 1368 and 1424 CE only to be once more razed to the ground by fire in 1562. In the second half of the sixteenth century the monastery underwent alterations and reconstruction.

Qing Kangxi Emperor carried out a comprehensive building program at the temple during 1692 and merged it with the nearby Fahai Temple (法海寺).

Modern era
By 1886 only the Avalokitesvara Pavilion, with two resident monks, remained of the monastery.

In 1890 Shanhe became president of the Guanghua Monastery and began a rebuilding program. The Jeweled Hall of the Great Heroes, Parlour, the Mediation Hall, the Abbot's Room and the Brahma-carya Hall were all rebuilt to form the present-day complex. Master Benru built the additional Sutra Pavilion as an extension to the Dharma Hall, after Emperor Xuantong's 1910 donation of more than 7,000 rolls of Dragon Sutra. In 1933, the Avalokitesvara Pavilion and the Heavenly King Palace were also rebuilt.

Until 1949 monasteries were built in other Southeast Asian countries by monks of the Guanghua Monastery to spread Chinese Buddhism. Presently, the Guanghua Monastery has seven branches in the Malay Peninsula and Indonesia.

At the foundation of the People's Republic of China in 1949 the temple had a resident population of 60 monks, a figure which by 1965 had declined to 57. Used as a factory for a period during the turmoil of the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976), the monks were dispelled and all statues of deities smashed.

With opening up and reform during the late 1970s and the advent of religious freedom, Master Yuanchan (圆禅法师) from the Yechengguang Garden Temple (椰城广化寺) in Indonesia together with other overseas Chinese began to support the Guanghua Temple. In 1979, a six-year restoration program began under the supervision of then 70-year-old Venerable Master Yuanzhou (圆拙老法师).

In 1983 the temple became one of the Chinese Buddhism Regional Temples (汉族地区全国重点寺院) whilst 36-year-old Master Yiran (毅然法師) became abbot. The same year, Venerable Master Yuanzhou funded the establishment of the new Fujian Buddhism Academy (福建佛学院) on the site.

During the summer of 1996, in association with the Buddhist Association of China, more than 300 novice monks were initiated over a 108-day period. As of 2010, there are around 250 resident monks at the Guanghua Temple.

Recent Abbots

 * 1979–1986, Venerable Master Yuanzhou (圆拙法师)
 * 1986–1990, Master Yiran (毅然法师)
 * 1990–2021 Master Xuecheng (学诚法师)
 * 2021–Present Master Benxing

Structure
The temple's principal features are as follows:
 * Memorial Arch (牌 坊)
 * Fangsheng Pool (放生池; literally, Pool of Rebirth)
 * Gaoshan Gate (高山门/高山門) (Tall Mountain Gate)
 * Tianwang Palace (天王殿) (Hall of the Four Heavenly Kings)
 * Mahavira (大雄宝殿) (Hall of the Great Hero)
 * Fatang (法堂) (Buddhist Hall)
 * Jialan Palace (伽藍殿/伽蓝藍) (Sangharama Hall)
 * Sanzang Palace (三藏殿) (Tripiţaka Hall)
 * Dizang Palace (地藏菩萨殿) (Hall of Ksitigarbha)

In front of the temple there is a 10-metre stone staircase with 199 steps.

title: Guanghua Temple (Putian)


text:
Vasily Zaitsev (sniper)

Vasily Grigoryevich Zaitsev (Васи́лий Григо́рьевич За́йцев; 23 March 1915 – 15 December 1991) was a Soviet sniper during World War II.

Between 22 September 1942 and 19 October 1942, he killed 40 enemy soldiers. Between 10 October 1942 and 17 December 1942, during the Battle of Stalingrad, he killed 225 enemy soldiers.

Zaitsev became a celebrated figure during the war and later a Hero of the Soviet Union, and he remains lauded for his skills as a sniper. His life and military career have been the subject of several books and films: his exploits, as detailed in William Craig's 1973 book Enemy at the Gates: The Battle for Stalingrad, served as the story for the 2001 film Enemy at the Gates, with Jude Law portraying Zaitsev. He is also featured in David L. Robbins's 1999 historical novel War of the Rats.

Early life
Zaitsev was born in Yeleninskoye, Orenburg Governorate in a Russian peasant family and grew up in the Ural Mountains, where he learned marksmanship by hunting deer and wolves with his grandfather and older brother. He brought home his first trophy at the age of 12, a wolf that he killed with a single bullet from his first personal gun (given to him by his grandfather), a single-shot 20-gauge shotgun.

In 1930, Zaitsev graduated from construction college in the city of Magnitogorsk, where he received the speciality of fitter. He also studied accounting.

From 1937, Zaitsev served in the Pacific Fleet, where he was clerk of the artillery department. After studying at military school, he was appointed head of the finance department of the Pacific Fleet in Transfiguration Bay.

Military career
Zaitsev was serving in the Soviet Navy as a clerk in Vladivostok when Germany invaded the Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa. Like many of his comrades, he volunteered for transfer to the front line. He had attained the rank of chief petty officer in the Navy and was assigned the rank of senior warrant officer upon transfer to the army. He was assigned to the 1047th Rifle Regiment of the 284th "Tomsk" Rifle Division, which became part of the 62nd Army at Stalingrad on 17 September 1942.

Zaitsev's accuracy with a rifle led to him becoming a sniper. Zaitsev would conceal himself in various locations, for example on high ground, under rubble, or in water pipes. After a few kills, he would change his position or relocate. Together with his partner, Nikolai Kulikov, Zaitsev perfected his hide and sting tactics. One method was to cover a large area from three positions, with two men at each point – a sniper and a scout. This tactic, known as the "sixes", is still in use today by Russian forces and was implemented during the Chechen wars.

Zaitsev fought at the Battle of Stalingrad until January 1943, when a mortar attack injured his eyes. Some conflicting stories state it was a landmine, but the doctor who treated Zaitsev and eventually restored his eyesight was ophthalmologist Vladimir Filatov, founder of the Filatov Institute of Eye Diseases and Tissue Therapy in Odessa, and a pioneer in corneal transplantation. Had Zaitsev been injured by a landmine, an ophthalmologist would not have treated him. According to Soviet sources, before his injury he had killed 225 people in the Battle of Stalingrad alone.

On 22 February 1943, Zaitsev was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. Zaitsev recruited and trained other marksmen during his service in Stalingrad. He returned to the front, and finished the war at the Battle of the Seelow Heights in Germany, with the military rank of captain. He became a member of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in 1943.

Civilian life
After the war, Zaitsev settled in Kiev (now Kyiv), where he studied at a textile university before obtaining employment as an engineer. He rose to become the director of a textile factory, where he remained until his death on 15 December 1991 in Kiev, at the age of 76, just 11 days before the dissolution of the Soviet Union. He was buried in Kiev, although he wished to be buried in the Stalingrad land that he had defended.

2006 commemoration
On 31 January 2006, Vasily Zaitsev was reburied with full military honors at the Stalingrad memorial at Mamayev Kurgan in Volgograd, Russia.

Film
A feature-length film, Enemy at the Gates (2001), starring Jude Law as Zaitsev, was based on part of William Craig's book Enemy at the Gates: The Battle for Stalingrad (1973), which includes a "snipers' duel" between Zaitsev and a Wehrmacht sniper school director, Major Erwin König. Zaitsev indicates in his own memoirs that a three-day duel did indeed occur and that the sniper he killed was the head of a sniper school near Berlin; however, historian Sir Antony Beevor states that the Russian Ministry of Defence archives contradict this and that the duel had been created by the Soviet propaganda. Russian researcher Oleg Kaminsky suggests that the duel could have been between Zaitsev and the German corporal Hermann Stoff of the 295th Infantry Division, who was responsible for 103 killed Red Army soldiers and commanders and who died in Stalingrad at this time.

Literature
David L. Robbins's historical novel War of the Rats (1991) includes a sniper duel in Stalingrad, but between Zaitsev and a German adversary named Colonel Heinz Thorvald, identified in the author's introduction as an actual combatant. Ramón Rosanas wrote a comic about the conflict between Zaitsev and König.

Awards and honors

 * Hero of the Soviet Union
 * Four Orders of Lenin
 * Two Orders of the Red Banner
 * Order of the Patriotic War 1st Class
 * Medal "For Courage"
 * Honorary Citizen of the Hero City of Volgograd (Stalingrad)
 * World's Best Sniper of All Time (Moskva)

title: Vasily Zaitsev (sniper)


text:
Talk:Creeping featurism

Creeping featurism
Why can't this just be called Feature Creep? I think the term is used far more often than "creeping featurism." -- thealsir

I don't think this is a spoonerism. A spoonerism is where you switch the beginnings of two words. From the wikipedia page on same, "The lord is a shoving leopard" -- you take "loving shepherd" and make it "shoving leopard" by swapping the initial sounds. "Creeping featurism" isn't swapped from anything -- it merely indicates that the features are creeping in. The initial form isn't "feeping creaturism" or anything. [so changed] Delirium 15:57 29 Jun 2003 (UTC)
 * I am not a native english, but i do not see how this "The term is often spoonerized as feeping creaturism" makes the term creeping featurism more clear. :Leuk he 14:20, 23 October 2006 (UTC)

--SCooley138 09:03, 18 Sep 2004 (UTC) I almost died when I read the break down for the spoonerism! I am not complaining, please no one delete this! Feep feep!

feeping creaturism looks like a spoonerism of creeping featurism to me, based on the examples and definition given by Wikipedia. Nowhere does it say it has to result in real words.

Too many features is perhaps best called feature overload.

Let me guess... edit by vi fan, edit by emacs fan? ;) - Fredrik | talk 23:46, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)\\\

Feature creap,

MY personal definition is: when you are doing more than you need to because you dont have a well defined scope, such as when building a kitchen, you decide to remodel the dining room, then while you are at it you might as well fix up the bathroom. this is also true in software development.

Fair Use
To my knowledge, a copyrited image can be fair use only if there are no free images that fulfill the same purpose. I'd feel more comfortable if a non-copyrite program were used as a screenshot instead.

link to prefixitis removed
Article is a cand. for deletion, and I left a long screed on the talk page as to why I support this deletion. It's a neologism, and the practice it refers to isn't even conceptually a feature, and I don't see the point of including a reference in this article to every coding practice that differentiates a 10 million line program from a 100 line program. Some systems are large because they solve complex problems or integrate with a wide diversity of other systems. Not every large program is automatically an example of creep. If we convey that sense, we debase what this concept usefully invokes. MaxEnt 17:44, 5 June 2006 (UTC)

Dilbert Character
Is it worth mentioning that there is a Dilbert character called "The Feature Creep"? He's a rather disheveled man who gets into projects and blatently adds useless features for the sake of it. -- VederJuda 15:00, 20 July 2006 (UTC)

related quotes
This whole section looks like original research, as there's little to no evidence that these quotes have ever been applied to feeping creaturism outside of this article. Can we agree to delete them, or at least delete anything without a published, reliable reference to that exact quote being used in respect to software creation? -- nae'blis 17:56, 4 August 2006 (UTC)

 * The first two quotes (Bell and Hoare) are relevant. The rest are more philosophical and probably could be deleted. --Lost Goblin 11:14, 5 August 2006 (UTC)

Apple's Copland
Some mention should be made of products that never made it to market due to creeping features. Apple's Copland is a good example as everyone in the company added their pet projects to Copland to ensure it would not be underbudgeted.

This is also a key reason for the long development time for Windows Vista.

Rename to "Feature Creep"?
Any reason why this shouldn't be renamed to "Feature Creep"? it's by far the more accepted term. Artw 21:23, 4 January 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Creeping featurism


text:
Brownies (Scouting)

Brownies are the section in the Girl Guides (or in the United States, Girl Scouts) organization for girls aged seven years old to ten years old. Exact age limits are slightly different in each organization.

History
Brownies, originally called Rosebuds, were first organized by Lord Baden-Powell in 1914, to complete the range of age groups for girls in Scouting. They were first run as the youngest group in the Guide Association by Agnes Baden-Powell, Lord Baden-Powell's younger sister. In 1918 his wife, Lady Olave Baden-Powell, took over the responsibility for the Girl Guides and thus for Brownies.

Originally the girls were called Rosebuds, but were renamed by Lord Baden-Powell after the girls had complained that they did not like their name. Their name comes from the story "The Brownies" by Juliana Horatia Ewing, written in 1870. In the story two children, Tommy and Betty, learn that children can be helpful brownies instead of being lazy boggarts.

In November 2022, the Girl Guides in Canada announced by January 2023 they would rename this section of Guides, as it was deemed to be "a barrier to racialized girls and women" and to be more inclusive. In January 2023, the name Brownies was changed to Embers.

Italian history
In Italy, the term was maintained and also extended to boys, coexisting with Wolf Cubs.

United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, Brownies were originally called Rosebuds. Rosebuds was started in 1914 and was originally for girls aged 8–11. Rosebuds was renamed to Brownies in 1915. In 1937 Princess Margaret became the first royal Brownie.

Brownies is the second youngest section of Girlguiding in the UK, catering for girls aged 7–10. A group of Brownies who meet together is called a unit. Brownies work in small groups called sixes: each six is named after either fairies or woodland creatures. A six is led by a Sixer and has a Second who acts as deputy. The Brownie programme is called the Brownie Adventure. It is split into 3 parts: you, community, world.

Brownies work towards interest badges, there are 57. These can be done in meetings with the unit or at home or in clubs such as swimming. Brownies can also work towards their Adventure badges. These are gained over a period of time and require girls to complete many different activities, such as going on an adventure, taking part in an activity with another unit and earning an interest badge.

There are a few Brownie songs that some packs sing at the beginning of the meeting:

 * Come let us make a Brownie ring, a Brownie Ring a Brownie Ring
 * Come let us make a Brownie Ring, we hear our Brown Owl Calling.

 * Under the Brownie bridge we go, bridge we go, bridge we go
 * Under the Brownie bridge we go, because we are the..... (name of six is entered)

This is usually sung as each six skips under the brownie bridge and into the circle. It is often followed by the next song:

 * We're Brownie Guides, we're Brownie Guides
 * We're here to lend a hand
 * To love our God and serve our Queen
 * And to help our homes and land
 * We're Brownie friends, we're Brownie friends
 * In North, South, East and West
 * We're joined together in our wish
 * To try to do our best

There are slight variations of the songs.

Some packs also sing one of the traditional songs to end a meeting, to the tune of the Cambridge Chimes:

 * O Lord, our God
 * Thy children call
 * Grant us Thy peace
 * And bless us all

 * O Lord, this week
 * Thy children seek
 * Good deeds to do
 * And to be true
 * Good-night (everyone then salutes each other)

The UK headquarters of guides and brownies is on Buckingham Palace Road in London.

Australia
In Australia (where girls of all ages are now called Girl Guides) the Guiding Promise is:

 * I promise that I will do my best,
 * To be true to myself and develop my beliefs,
 * To serve my community and Australia,
 * and live by the Guide law.

Prior to 2012, the Promise was:

 * I promise that I will do my best;
 * To do my duty to God,
 * To serve the Queen and my country
 * To help other people
 * and keep the Guide law.

The Brownie Guide Law, prior to 1996, was:
 * A Brownie Guide thinks of others before herself and should do a good turn everyday.

The Brownie Promise 1990: "I promise to do my best, to do my duty to God, to serve my Queen & my country, to help other people and to do a good deed every day."

Motto 1990: Be prepared.

The Brownie Guide Motto, prior to 1996, was:
 * Lend a hand

The Guide Law, Promise and Motto, which are followed by all ages of the guiding movement after 1996, are the Laws, Promise and Motto relating to the guide age group.

Canada
In Girl Guides of Canada, the Brownie Promise is:
 * I promise to do my best,
 * To be true to myself, my beliefs and Canada,
 * I will take action for a better world,
 * And respect the Brownie Law.

The Canadian Brownie Law is:
 * As a Brownie I am honest and kind. I help take care of the world around me.

The Canadian Brownie Motto is:
 * Lend a Hand

Old Promise:

The old Brownie Promise is from the 1950s
 * I promise to do my best,
 * To do my duty to God and the Queen [or "to God, the Queen, and my country"]
 * To help other people every day, especially those at home.

The English Brownie Law is:
 * A brownie guide thinks of others before herself and does a good turn every day.

The English Brownie Motto is:
 * "Lend A Hand" (LAH)

On 2023, the term Brownies was changed to Embers over concerns the name was racist.

Hong Kong
In Hong Kong, the Brownie Promise is:

 * I will promise to do my best,
 * To be true to myself,
 * To my God, and my country, and the country in which I live,
 * To help others and to keep the Brownie Guide Law.

The Law is:
 * As a Brownie Guide,
 * I will care for my home, my community and myself.
 * I will do a good turn every day.

Ireland
In Ireland, the Brownie Promise is:

 * I promise to do my best,
 * To do my duty to my God and my country,
 * To help those at home everyday,
 * And to obey the Brownie Guide Law.

The word 'God' can be replaced by the word 'faith' according to one's spiritual beliefs.

The Irish Brownie Motto is:
 * Lend a Hand

Singapore
The Singaporean Brownie Promise is:"I promise to do my best, to do my duty to God, to serve my country, and help other people, and to keep the Brownie Law."The Singaporean Brownie Law is:
 * A brownie obeys and respect her elders.
 * A brownie thinks of others before herself.
 * A brownie tells the truth.
 * A brownie is neat and tidy.
 * A brownie is thrifty.
 * A brownie plays and works cheerfully.

The Singaporean Brownie Motto is:Lend a hand

United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, the Brownie Promise is:
 * I promise that I will do my best:
 * To be true to myself and develop my beliefs,
 * To serve the King and my community,
 * To help other people
 * and
 * To keep the Brownie Guide Law.

After a wide public consultation in spring 2013, the promise wording was changed for all sections.

The Brownie promise before September 2013 was:
 * I promise that I will do my best:
 * To love my God,
 * To serve The Queen and my country
 * To help other people,
 * And to keep the Brownie Guide Law.

The Brownie Guide Law is:
 * A Brownie Guide thinks of others before herself and does a good turn every day.

The Brownie Guide Motto used to be 'Lend a hand' (LAH). With the introduction of the new programme in the United Kingdom, the motto was dropped for Brownies.

United States
In the United States, Brownies use the same Promise and Law as the other age groups of the Girl Scouts of the USA.

Girl Scout Promise:
 * On my honor, I will try:
 * To serve God and my country,
 * To help people at all times,
 * And to live by the Girl Scout Law.

Girl Scout Law:
 * I will do my best to be
 * honest and fair,
 * friendly and helpful,
 * considerate and caring,
 * courageous and strong, and
 * responsible for what I say and do,
 * and to
 * respect myself and others,
 * respect authority,
 * use resources wisely,
 * make the world a better place, and
 * be a sister to every Girl Scout.

title: Brownies (Scouting)


text:
File:Fishboy-sm.png

Fishboy, British comic book character of the 1960s and 1970s; see also Feral children in mythology and fiction.

title: File:Fishboy-sm.png


text:
Pablo Soto (software developer)

Pablo Soto Bravo (born 1979) is a Spanish software developer. He was municipal councillor of Madrid from 2015 to 2019.

In 2001 he developed the .MANOLITO protocol, Blubster and Piolet - two peer-to-peer file-sharing servants. In May 2006, Soto released Manolito, a third clone application, and new versions of Blubster and Piolet.

He apparently left the MP2P Community in 2004; subsequently Blubster and Piolet slowly began to lose their user base. By the end of 2004, when discussions on P2Pforums.com were focused on whether or not he had left the community for financial reasons, it was known that he has a rare form of muscular dystrophy, that has forced him to move in wheelchair.

Soto later put his energy into, an open source peer-to-peer software for storage space sharing (distributed computing).

In June 2008, Warner Music, Universal Music, Emi, Sony and the Spanish association PROMUSICAE filed a lawsuit against his company MP2P Technologies, demanding 13 million euros for unfair competition. He was acquitted on the charges of copyright violation in December 2011.

After the 2015 local elections Soto became a member of the City Council of Madrid with Ahora Madrid. He announced plans to promote usage of free software for the municipal software platforms, and is head of open government for the city. He has launched Decide Madrid, an online platform whereby citizens can propose policy for the city: a proposal supported by a number of users equal to 1 percent of the adult population is put before voters in a referendum. He renounced to his office as city councillor on 8 October 2019, after sexual misconduct allegations.

title: Pablo Soto (software developer)


text:
Talk:Red Lady of Paviland

Discovery
When and where was this discovered? -- Infrogmation 16:29 29 Jun 2003 (UTC)
 * I believe this has now been added. Viriditas (talk) 21:41, 24 November 2009 (UTC)

First Human Fossil
The Red 'Lady' was the first human fossil to be recovered anywhere in the world. Is that not worth mentioning? 87.115.79.248 (talk) 18:46, 31 May 2010 (UTC)
 * For sure. Do you have a reliable source for that? If you're not sure how to add it to the article with the citation, place the link here and someone will do it for you. Cheers, Daicaregos (talk) 20:03, 31 May 2010 (UTC)
 * I have indeed found a reputable source for this statement and have therefore edited the document to include it.Boatgypsy (talk) 17:35, 20 February 2011 (UTC)

A couple of points
Firstly, the article on William Buckland states that the remains were discovered in 1826; this article says 1823. Do we have a definitive date? Secondly, is the map directly relevant? It shows sites of cave art, but doesn't show Paviland, and doesn't seem to relate directly to this article's subject. Is there a better map showing the location that should be used? Finally, I'd like to add either "scare quotes" or the word "so-called" before the words Red Lady of Paviland in the first line. Would there be any objections to this, or any preferences? As the article makes clear (indeed, later in the sentence) the remains are those of a man rather than a "lady", although obviously the term "Red Lady.." is the one commonly used. The title on its own does not recognise that, and I think we should try to minimise any confusion. Ghmyrtle (talk) 14:37, 29 December 2010 (UTC)

 * I've corrected the Buckland article as 1823 seems to be the correct date and have added a reference here. I'm not too keen on the map as the article doesn't really mention Palaeolithic art. "So-called" sounds colloquial and the first sentence is too long in any case and could probably be rewritten.
 * This book published by Harvard University Press looks like it would be useful to anyone who plans to expand or reference the article and Google books has a preview. Nev1 (talk) 14:57, 29 December 2010 (UTC)
 * Channel 4 seem to have deleted the relevant news page, but this and this (both reliable sources) have 1823. The current map seems to serve no useful purpose. I'm not too keen on “so-called”. That is how it is known. Confusion should be avoided through well written text. Daicaregos (talk) 15:06, 29 December 2010 (UTC)
 * Oddly, Buckland's DNB entry doesn't mention Paviland at all; but an article in The Times of 1912 refers to his discoveries there 'as far back as 1823' so I think that must be the correct date. Anyway the article quotes remarks on the Red Lady from Buckland's Reliquae diluvianae, and the DNB entry dates that to 1823. RLamb (talk) 21:42, 29 December 2010 (UTC)

Mammoth
The article says the mammoth skull was lost. The BBC series 'A History of Ancient Britain' claims (though without much explanation) to bring the mammoth skull/bones back with the Lady's bones. Has anyone a reference for this? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.147.17.219 (talk) 21:24, 23 February 2011 (UTC)

Edit Required
In the section titled Findings, this article says that the Red Lady is, "the oldest anatomically modern human remains found in the United Kingdom." The article on Kents Cavern says of the jawbone found there that it is, "the earliest anatomically modern human fossil yet discovered in North-West Europe." Both those statements cannot be simultaneously true and one of them, at least, will need to be amended.  Cottonshirt  τ   05:49, 22 August 2014 (UTC)
 * I think the answer is that the Red Lady is the oldest skeleton. Kents Cavern was only a jawbone. I will get Sykes book shortly, given as the source for the Red Lady statement, and then should be able to amend. Dudley Miles (talk) 11:13, 22 August 2014 (UTC)
 * I have now found the answer. The claim that the Red Lady is the oldest dates to 2006, when the older Kents Cavern fossil was believed to be Neanderthal, but it is now thought to be modern human. I have removed the claim. Dudley Miles (talk) 16:49, 30 August 2014 (UTC)

Paviland burins
The article needs to cover more than just the Red Lady. Eg "Previously thought to be unique to Paviland, Paviland burins are now known to be an important feature of the Aurignacian of Belgium and Britain. Given that the Paviland burin technique is likely to be culturally bounded, this geographical range is indicative of close cultural affinity between these two regions. In palaeogeographical terms, this cultural affinity may be linked to movement in and around the now submerged Channel River valley. It is therefore possible that Paviland burins may be present in other Aurignacian assemblages, most likely in the north of Europe". "On The Technology Of Late Aurignacian Burin AndScraper Production, And The Importance Of The Paviland Lithic Assemblage And The Paviland Burin" by R. Dinnis. Doug Weller  talk 15:32, 3 August 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified (January 2018)
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Use of term "BP"
This seems like a term that will not be understood by the majority of non-specialist readers. I believe it should be either explained or replaced with a simple BC date, if somebody would care to do so M.T.S.W.A. (talk) 19:49, 23 February 2019 (UTC)
 * I have just edited the term as requested.Horatius At The Bridge (talk) 12:23, 17 June 2021 (UTC)

Conflation of Sex and Gender
The article states ” Buckland's treatise misjudged both its age and sex.” This misjudgment was based on accompanying artefacts, not an assessment of the skeleton. As per the Gender Archaeology Wikipedia page that would be classed as a misjudgment of gender. The article does not link to any studies or sources that suggest the anatomy of the skeleton was assessed. Mattevansc3 (talk) 13:32, 29 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Red Lady of Paviland


text:
File:Pyrenee-sm.jpg

Panel from the French comic book Pyrénée, written by Regis Loisel and drawn by Philippe Sternis, depicting Pyrénée, the bear and the teddy bear. See also Feral children in mythology and fiction.

title: File:Pyrenee-sm.jpg