text:
Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy

The Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy is awarded annually to the National Hockey League player who best exemplifies the qualities of perseverance, sportsmanship, and dedication to ice hockey. It is named after Bill Masterton, the only player in NHL history to die as a direct result of injuries suffered during a game. The winner is selected by a poll of the Professional Hockey Writers' Association after each team nominates one player in competition. It is often awarded to a player who has come back from career– or even life-threatening illness or injury.

History
The trophy is named in honor of the late Bill Masterton, a Minnesota North Stars player who died on January 15, 1968, after sustaining an injury during a hockey game. During his playing career, Masterton exhibited "to a high degree the qualities of perseverance, sportsmanship, and dedication to hockey". A US college standout at Denver University, Masterton had briefly played in the Montreal Canadiens organization before giving up his professional dreams and taking a job as an engineer at Honeywell in Minneapolis. During his spare time, he played senior amateur hockey including for the US national team, where he was scouted by the expansion North Stars and became the club's first contracted player. It was first awarded following the 1967–68 regular season. As of the end of the 2018–19 NHL season, players for the New York Rangers and Montreal Canadiens have won the trophy five times; players for the Boston Bruins and Philadelphia Flyers have won the trophy four times; and players for the Los Angeles Kings, the Pittsburgh Penguins and the New York Islanders have won the trophy three times. Players on Western Conference teams have won the award only 18 times since the award was first given in the 1960s.

Winners
{{legend|#CFECEC|Player is still active|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}

title: Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy


text:
Talk:List of members of the House of Lords

Repeated Definite Article
Is it necessary or informative to include "The" at the start of each and every entry? As it's repeated, does it not become superfluous? While it may be a more precise form of their title, I would think a table like this should be used to display unique information. While it doesn't use that much space, it does add a little. To take how the House of Lords itself lists them, it titles each page as the name of the peer without the article, Lord Aberdare, and then noting within for full title, The Lord Aberdare: http://www.parliament.uk/biographies/lords/lord-aberdare/3898 William Quill (talk) 22:12, 2 September 2016 (UTC)

Party affiliations
Comparing it to House_of_Lords, there are a number of mistakes; UKIP members, for instance. Could someone who knows more about this than I do please correct this? — Nightst a  llion  (?) 15:16, 10 January 2007 (UTC)

Older discussion
I think the Bishop of Chichester should be on this list (that would add up to 26 bishops), but he wasn't on the original source for this list. anyone have any opinions on this? Mintguy 22:14 16 Jul 2003 (UTC)

There's definitely a missing bishop here (or rather not here), don't know who it is though as the criterion requires the 21 longest serving bishops not including the Bishops of Durham, London and Winchester and the the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Archbishop of Yorkwho automatically attend). Mintguy 17:59, 27 Aug 2003 (UTC)

The external link which served as the source of this page was updated in October. Is anyone is willing to do a comparison and bring this page up to date, I'm rather too busy/lazy myself. Mintguy

what is the policy for deaths? Annotate or delete? We seem to have been doing a bit of both... Anyway, it seems that Lord Blake (20 September) and Lord Perry of Walton (16 July) have died without being updated. --rbrwrˆ

 * Delete, move to Former members of the House of Lords. Morwen 19:55, Jan 4, 2004 (UTC)

 * That page would be very large. The House of Lords had about 600 members for a very long time, with them being entirely replaced by death and inheritance about every 30 years. Proteus 11:11 GMT, 14th January 2004

Now we are getting lots of articles about hereditary peerages, shouldn't we link to the peers rather than their titles with pipelinking? Morwen 20:22, Mar 5, 2004 (UTC)
 * Yes we should be linking to peers rather than peerages. However as most hereditary peers no longer sit on the HoL, the titles shown for the most part should be unambiguous. Mintguy (T) 21:09, 5 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Yeah, so there are only about 100 to fix. I would do it myself but I am too lazy at the moment. ;) Morwen 21:10, Mar 5, 2004 (UTC)

 * I've done the As and most of the Bs, and now I'm bored with it.

 * I have edited the life peers to follow naming conventions (John Smith, Baron Smith rather than Lord Smith), but some peers might use different names (I recalled Robin Butler instead of Frederick Butler), but I'm not quite an expert on British politics (nowhere near that, actually). I've done all of the A's and B's - perhaps someone could check my work to make sure I didn't screw up anyone's name? ugen64 16:48, Sep 19, 2004 (UTC)

 * Lord Biffen (John, not William) and Lord Browne of Madingley (John, not Edmund) are the only two I know of (except Lord Butler of Brockwell) in the As and Bs who don't use their first name. I've changed the links accordingly. (Oh, and Lord Ashdown of Norton-sub-Hamdon is better known as Paddy Ashdown [in fact, his peerage title and real name are virtually unknown].) Proteus (Talk) 17:18, 19 Sep 2004 (UTC)

I'm going to suggest that we leave dead peers in the recent section for no longer than one year, not sure if we establised policy on that or not. Mackensen 17:56, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * That seems reasonable. Otherwise it'd be "peers who have died since we started listing dead peers", which isn't terribly professional. :-) Proteus (Talk) 18:58, 16 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Bishops
I think I'm going to move Bishops into a seperate part of the list, since membership of the Lords is in that case an ex officio office - and basically to make it easier to update them. We seem to be missing York, for example, who I'm not sure if he's hazed or whatever yet. Morwen - Talk 21:55, 3 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Ok, that's done. I've also done a disambiguation and squashed what I think were all the links to titles rather than actual peers.  Could do with some more notes :-

 * need to note Lords of Appeal who remained in the House but aren't active Law Lords anymore, etc
 * need to note elected hereditaries who won by-elections.
 * could do with explicitly noting LPA 1958 peers, so that can difference between omission and a life peer. Morwen - Talk 22:31, 3 January 2006 (UTC)

Partly done this. I note this diff removed Lord Steyn, who retired from being a Lord of Appeal in Ordinary. However, he remained in the Lords. Morwen - Talk 12:31, 4 January 2006 (UTC)

is a good resource about Bishops. I note that the Bishop of Ripon and Leeds is next in line. Morwen - Talk 12:53, 4 January 2006 (UTC)

Missing lords
gah, it looks like we may have a bunch of missing lords. Comparing the list here to we are missing a lot of peers. The first bunch are :

 * Ballyedmond
 * Bhattacharyya
 * Bonham-Carter of Yarnbury
 * Broers
 * Brown of Eaton-under-Heywood
 * Cameron of Dillington
 * Carswell
 * Carter of Coles
 * Chapman
 * D'Souza
 * De Mauley
 * Dearing
 * Drayson
 * Dykes
 * Falkner of Margravine
 * Garden
 * George
 * Giddens
 * Gould of Brockwood
 * Griffiths of Burry Port
 * Hale of Richmond
 * Hart of Chilton
 * Hastings of Scarisbrick
 * Haworth
 * Henig
 * Howard of Rising

Presumably mostly recent life peers. This is going to take quite a bit of work to bring up to date. Morwen - Talk 20:51, 8 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Looking at this a bit more, yeah, the cutoff point seems to be the peers created after spring 2004, which is basically when the list was made originally. So Triesman (January 2004) is here, but Kalms (June 2004) isn't.  Morwen - Talk 21:14, 8 January 2006 (UTC)

In order of creation, they are: Proteus (Talk) 12:57, 20 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Lady Hale of Richmond
 * Lord Carswell
 * Lord Brown of Eaton-under-Heywood
 * Lord Kalms
 * Lord Drayson
 * Lady Falkner of Margravine
 * Lord Tunnicliffe
 * Lord Bhattacharyya
 * Lord Garden
 * Lord Howard of Rising
 * Lord Hart of Chilton
 * Lord Leitch
 * Lord Gould of Brookwood
 * Lady Henig
 * Lord Carter of Coles
 * Lord Snape
 * Lady Morris of Bolton
 * Lord Truscott
 * Lady Wall of New Barnet
 * Lady Prosser
 * Lady Morgan of Drefelin
 * Lord Laidlaw
 * Lord Rosser
 * Lady Neuberger
 * Lord Roberts of Llandudno
 * Lord Giddens
 * Lord Rana
 * Lady Murphy
 * Lord Maxton
 * Lord Ballyedmond
 * Lord McKenzie of Luton
 * Lord Dykes
 * Lord Broers
 * Lady Young of Hornsey
 * Lord Vallance of Tummel
 * Lord Steinberg
 * Lady Bonham-Carter of Yarnbury
 * Lady Chapman
 * Lady McDonagh
 * Lord Young of Norwood Green
 * Lady Royall of Blaisdon
 * Lord Rowlands
 * Lord Haworth
 * Lord Cameron of Dillington
 * Lord George
 * Lord Griffiths of Burry Port
 * Lord Kerr of Kinlochard
 * Lady D'Souza
 * Lord Alliance
 * Lord Patten of Barnes
 * Lord Kinnock
 * Lord Hope of Thornes
 * Lord Stevens of Kirkwhelpington
 * Lord Adonis
 * Lord Ramsbotham
 * Lady Fritchie
 * Lord Kirkwood of Kirkhope
 * Lady Taylor of Bolton
 * Lady Morris of Yardley
 * Lord O'Neill of Clackmannan
 * Lord Howarth of Newport
 * Lord Tyler
 * Lord Foulkes of Cumnock
 * Lord Foster of Bishop Auckland
 * Lord Hamilton of Epsom
 * Lord Chidgey
 * Lord Jones of Cheltenham
 * Lord Bilston
 * Lady Shephard of Northwold
 * Lady Clark of Calton
 * Lord Moonie
 * Lord Smith of Finsbury
 * Lady Tonge
 * Lady Bottomley of Nettlestone
 * Lord Mawhinney
 * Lord Cunningham of Felling
 * Lord Lyell of Markyate
 * Lord Anderson of Swansea
 * Lady Adams of Craigielea
 * Lord Soley
 * Lady Corston
 * Lord Goodlad
 * Lord Rees of Ludlow
 * Lord Turner of Ecchinswell
 * Lord Mance
 * Lady Deech
 * Lady Valentine
 * Lord Turnbull
 * Lord Hastings of Scarisbrick

Tbh I think probably that this article should pause for a while as it looks like we will have all hereditaries and most life peers removed in the upcoming Q's Speech. So perhaps we might be wiser to devote our efforts to things that don't appear likely to change so soon.Alci12 10:25, 28 April 2006 (UTC)

Alan Johnston, Lord Johnston
Why isn't he included in the article?84.134.92.179 (talk) 20:00, 20 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Lord Johnston acquired his title through being a Senator of the College of Justice and not through a peerage. As he wasn't a peer he was not eligible for membership of the House of Lords. Road Wizard (talk) 20:56, 20 June 2008 (UTC)

William Buchan, 3rd Baron Tweedsmuir
What about him?84.134.100.168 (talk) 12:05, 10 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Baron Tweedsmuir was a hereditary peer. There are several hundred hereditary peers, but only 92 are allowed to sit in the House of Lords at any one time (due to the changes brought about by the House of Lords Act 1999). As he wasn't one of the 92 hereditary members elected to sit in the Lords he is not recorded in this article. See List of hereditary peers elected to sit in the House of Lords under the House of Lords Act 1999. Road Wizard (talk) 15:07, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

Lord Tombs
Why was he deleted from the "leave of absence"- list ?84.134.89.247 (talk) 14:35, 19 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Because he is no longer on a leave of absence. See List of Peers Granted Leave of Absence and House of Lords: alphabetical list of Members. His entry in the article has been moved to the T-Z section. Road Wizard (talk) 14:57, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

Royal Members
What's the reason Royal members are not included on this list? The House of Lords Act 1999 refers to:
 * members of the Royal Family with the right to sit and vote in the House (the Prince of Wales 2, the Duke of Edinburgh, the Duke of York, the Duke of :Gloucester, the Duke of Kent and the Earl of Wessex);  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.152.38.184 (talk) 23:41, 26 July 2008 (UTC)

 * The Act is a little confusing (for those of us not used to reading Acts of Law, anyway!) The "Exclusion" that applies to Members of the Royal Family is Exclusion from the House of Lords, not exclusion from being excluded! The people listed in that section were actually all offered life peerages, but none of the royals accepted. Therefore they are not members of the House. A number of "first holders" did accept life peerages, the only remaining one being the Earl of Snowdon (a sort-of royal). Viscount Cranbourne, as the only holder of a writ of acceleration at the time, also accepted a life peerage.  J Rawle  (Talk) 00:01, 27 July 2008 (UTC)
 * JRawle is correct. See the House of Lords Act 1999 article for a full explanation and supporting references. Road Wizard (talk) 10:46, 27 July 2008 (UTC)
 * I had thought Cranborne was given a life peerage as a former cabinet minister rather than due to the writ of acceleration. john k (talk) 03:50, 29 July 2009 (UTC)

Complete?
Is this list complete?84.134.117.197 (talk) 14:39, 3 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Why not compare it to the official list here?  J Rawle  (Talk) 15:27, 3 August 2008 (UTC)

And what about this name? Is that nonsense? Lord Cadbury Richard Bass 84.134.117.197 (talk) 14:40, 3 August 2008 (UTC)
 * That is nonsense! I've deleted it. It was added by vandal 76.203.233.103 in this edit in May: Lord Richard is correctly listed in the table already.  J Rawle  (Talk) 15:36, 3 August 2008 (UTC)

Thank you. 84.134.115.70 (talk) 08:39, 5 August 2008 (UTC)

Thomas John Ashton, 3rd Baron Ashton of Hyde
I can't find him in the list. Was he excluded in 1999?84.134.115.70 (talk) 08:39, 5 August 2008 (UTC)
 * If a hereditary peer like Thomas John Ashton, 3rd Baron Ashton of Hyde is not recorded in the List of hereditary peers elected to sit in the House of Lords under the House of Lords Act 1999 then they will have lost their membership at that time. Road Wizard (talk) 18:12, 5 August 2008 (UTC)

Ian Cundy
Cundy has died.Max Mux (talk) 10:54, 10 May 2009 (UTC)

suspended?
http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/blog/2009/may/14/cash-for-amendments-peers

Max Mux (talk) 08:00, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

leave of absence?
What does this mean? john k (talk) 03:48, 29 July 2009 (UTC)

 * Since 1958 the Standing Order of the House of Lords requires its members to attend any of its meetings, however those prevented for any reason may request a leave of absence, granted by the Lord Speaker for a certain period or the remainder of a parliament. Generally the causes are disease or age-related infirmity. (see also  and )  Phoe   talk   15:12, 30 July 2009 (UTC)
 * So did the hundreds of hereditary peers with little to no no interest in the business of the House of Lords before 1999 all show up unless they were suffering from disease or age-related infirmity? john k (talk) 19:53, 30 July 2009 (UTC)
 * When I said that health and age were the general causes, this of course meant not that these were the only reasons (for example ) - but do you want me to go through all hansards since then to examine all? I hope not :-) Instead I have found, I believe, the original procedure, what should expand my previous explantation a little bit more. Note that at several times amendments were implemented. By the way, if I remember right, at one time even sanctions against absentees (without granted leave) were considered. Phoe   talk   22:48, 30 July 2009 (UTC)
 * Neither this article nor House of Lords explains the term, although both use it. It seems to me that some explanation of the nature of a "leave of absence" from the House of Lords ought to be included in both articles.  Also - is it accurate to say that, in spite of this rule, there are no actual sanctions against absentees? john k (talk) 05:45, 31 July 2009 (UTC)
 * I agree that it would be sensible to add an explantation to both articles and will do so in the next days. Regarding actual sanctions, I'm not aware of any. May I finally add that you John has always striked me as very familiar with peerage relates details and that I wonder whether your original question was perhaps only thought as reminder to explain the term ? Phoe   talk   22:33, 31 July 2009 (UTC)
 * I know a fair bit about the peerage, but largely historically, and not so much recent history. I was genuinely unclear on what a leave of absence was, especially as my understanding was that attendance in the House of Lords was always quite poor.  So, no, it wasn't just a rhetorical device.  I didn't know what a leave of absence from the House of Lords was and I was genuinely curious about it.  john k (talk) 05:55, 1 August 2009 (UTC)

I'm sorry if my assumption came over as a offence, but I have been really surprised that the question was put just by you. :-) I have now added a little bit about leave on absence to both articles, so perhaps you might wish take to take a look, correct me, expand me or do whatever is appropriate. Best wishes Phoe   talk   10:56, 3 August 2009 (UTC)

David Urquhart
I would like to point out that due to a bad hyperlink, the article suggests that the current Lord Bishop of Birmingham is a man who has been dead for 133 years. I know that the correct page is linked at the top of that page, but at first glance it can be very confusing. I would change it myself, but a lack of technical knowledge prevents me from doing so.--82.16.110.13 (talk) 13:07, 27 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Thank you. Fixed. Kittybrewster  ☎  13:40, 27 February 2011 (UTC)

Lord Bishop of Durham
Just checking. Is he senior to London? --Kittybrewster  ☎  13:07, 9 November 2011 (UTC)

 * No, the order is Canterbury, York, London, Durham, Winchester, and then the others by seniority. Proteus (Talk) 13:59, 9 November 2011 (UTC)

Parties
One thing i've noticed here is that some parties, that according to the main House of Lords article sit in, are missing from this list. For example last time I checked Baron Bannside was leader of the Democratic Unionist Party and The Ulster Unionists according to the main article have 4 representitives in the house so is this an error or is there some reason why members of some political parties don't have their party in this list? The C of E. God Save The Queen! (talk) 17:50, 20 November 2011 (UTC)

Images
An IP editor wants to add images to this page for every single member for whom an image is available. This list is already large and loads somewhat slowly on older machines (c. 2005). Adding hundreds of images makes this page load so slowly that it effectively restricts me, and people like me, from viewing it. Editing becomes so slow that I would never be able to edit here again. As the one who tends to update the leaves of absence and one who helps with deaths and new members, such a result would not only be bad for editors on old machines, but also for the article. The only response to this in the edit summaries has been that IP disagrees. I'm not even sure what that is supposed to mean. That IP's experience isn't slowed down? Does IP think I am lying? I have added pictures to other lists around the project, and more to the point have never given IP a reason to do other than assume good faith. In any event, I cannot be the only person using a configuration on which hundreds upon hundreds of images drastically slows page load.

I have suggested the alternative of dividing the "Lords Temporal" section into four or five sub-articles with no response. I personally don't think the value of the images is enough to justify dividing the article, but it is a better alternative than having several hundred images. -Rrius (talk) 03:48, 22 December 2011 (UTC)

Suggested re-styling
Afternoon, I come with some suggested changes which I think would make this a more useful list. Firstly, I'd suggest merging the Lords Spiritual into the main list, distinguishing them in type (we can have something in the key saying all other Lords are Lords Temporal). Drop the notes, which are sporadic in their current state and have no set parameters. With one exception - listing if they're a former MP. I think that's of interest to the general public, given the common conception that it's a retiring house. Similarly, give the age and when they were inducted, which gives a good idea of it's make-up. Separate columns for name and title - firstly because the bishops/hereditaries give no hint of their name in their title, secondly because their actual name might be more recognisable (I might scan past Lord Howe, but I'd mentally flag up Geoffrey Howe), thirdly because you can then basically sort by both surname and sex (given Baroness will sort above Lord in the title column). And, as noted, make it sortable.

I'd quite like to colour code the parties, like in List of MPs elected in the United Kingdom general election, 2010 but I can't seem to make the coding work in my example below. Any solutions on that gratefully received... Anyway, thoughts? HornetMike (talk) 16:00, 18 December 2012 (UTC)

 * I would not be in favour of merging the Lords Temporal and Lords Spiritual because I think it would make the list too long and put less focus on the Lords Spiritual. The C of E. God Save The Queen! (talk) 16:05, 18 December 2012 (UTC)

 * I would not be in favour of adding another column for names or adding colouring. I would support removing the notes, but not if service in the Commons is retained. I'm not as dead set against the ages, but the prime concern here is that this page is already massive. Adding more is just a non-starter as far as I'm concerned. As far as names go, I wouldn't care too much about adding the names by de-piping the links (The Lord Ahmad of Wimbledon becoming Tariq Ahmad, Baron Ahmad of Wimbledon), but only if the notes are removed. The table is simply too wide at this point to have both. -Rrius (talk) 19:41, 18 December 2012 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the replies. The C of E - the list is long as it is, I don't think moving entries for one part to another makes any difference. And I don't think the Lords Spiritual should have any greater focus than other Lord. Rrius - do you think load issues would be a problem? The additions I've made expand across not down - there would be more data within the article though for sure. I don't think the difference between the current and proposed would be so great though, and I think the benefits outweigh the negatives. I've done a mock-up of how a table might look if you removed the piping and kept it to one column, although I've actually added a sex column (which at one letter would be relatively small data wise) so you've still got that function.

 * Incidentally, I've added in one of the longest names on the list to both examples, just to give an illustration of the true column width. I've also changed notes to "Former office" - you could put that it relates to political offices in the key which would discourage people going wild as they would with a notes column. I've also dropped all the "The"s from the titles in the first example, just to save a bit of data. I'm not so fussed about colours, happy to drop that idea. HornetMike (talk) 00:45, 29 December 2012 (UTC)

I added “former MP” to the “recently deceased list and it was reverted. I’ve undone that, as I believe it should stay. TrottieTrue (talk) 14:30, 14 March 2021 (UTC)

Bishop of Manchester
If the diocese is vacant, shouldn't it be removed from the list and the next most senior bishop after Worcester added to the bottom? john k (talk) 17:16, 10 May 2013 (UTC)

Yes it should. Prompted by this I have (I think) brought the list up to date; my edit summary explains who's been removed, who left in and why. 217.155.59.204 (talk) 14:06, 8 July 2013 (UTC)

'Recently deceased' list
The Lord Luke and The Lord Howe of Aberavon have been added to the list of recently deceased peers. Both of them had retired from the House of Lords under the House of Lords Reform Act 2014. To me it would seem logical to have only those peers who were members of the House at the time of their death in the list of deceased. If retired peers are added in the list, there is some inconsistency as former Lords Spiritual and excluded hereditary peers, who have died, aren't listed. --Editor FIN (talk) 12:00, 12 October 2015 (UTC)

Not using titles
Should we not also add names in some if not all cases? Some of these members deliberately do not use their titles, and there are some whose titles have not become their common name regardless (e.g. Peter Mandelson). Shouldn't this list make an effort not to obscure these members' identities? DBD 20:41, 19 April 2016 (UTC)
 * I think that this page can remain as it is now, because all peers are known solely by their titles in the House of Lords and this is a list of members of the House. I think that it's maybe not very hard to identify peers, because most life peers have their surname as a part of their title and a reader can also check the articles of peers. --Editor FIN (talk) 12:06, 5 May 2016 (UTC)

Formerly suspended peers
Some peers have a mention in their note section that they were suspended from the House earlier. I think that these mentions could be removed from the list, because those peers have suffered their punishments and aren't suspended anymore. What do others think? --Editor FIN (talk) 12:12, 5 May 2016 (UTC)
 * If the details are not from the cited sources (ie - House of Lords official site), then there's no reason to include them here. Farolif (talk) 13:57, 5 May 2016 (UTC)

Crossbench colour
This article uses the colour template Crossbencher/meta/color described as grey for peers sitting on the Crossbenches. List of longest-serving current Members of the House of Lords and List of elected hereditary peers under the House of Lords Act 1999 use the slightly differently named template Crossbench/meta/color with the lighter shade. Personally, I prefer the latter (it just seems fitting that non-partisan people should have less strong colours than party members). I think it makes sense if there's just one colour for the same group across different articles, but didn't want to impose my own preference unilaterally 2A02:8010:6087:0:381A:988F:6000:3FB7 (talk) 12:01, 22 October 2016 (UTC)
 * No one has objected, so I have now gone ahead with this change 2A02:8010:6087:0:381A:988F:6000:3FB7 (talk) 17:58, 1 November 2016 (UTC)

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Current composition
Following the death of The Lord Kerr of Tonaghmore and other retirements, there should be 51 non-affiliated peers and 180 crossbench peers. However, I am unable to change the bar chart.

Sdrqaz (talk) 14:04, 1 December 2020 (UTC)

 * Never mind: I have found the template and have edited accordingly. Sdrqaz (talk) 14:14, 1 December 2020 (UTC)

Historical
Is there a wiki page that lists the count historically?

Just a rough guide?

MBG02 (talk) 06:41, 3 March 2021 (UTC)

 * I was unable to find a tally for the size of the House of Commons;
 * but it’s at https://commonslibrary.parliament.uk/research-briefings/sn02384/
 * and also on wiki at Number of Westminster MPs
 * which (unexpectedly), DOESN'T count Lords as MPs.
 * MBG02 (talk) 06:46, 3 March 2021 (UTC)

Former MPs
I think all entries on the list article should state whether they are former MPs. User:Editor FIN reverted my edit which listed this for deceased members. I’ve undone the reversion, as I see no reason it can’t be mentioned. TrottieTrue (talk) 14:33, 14 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Support this. I always wondered why it wasn't done before now? No other place exists on Wiki to see what former MPs are currently members of the Lords. The "notes" column isn't used enough in my opinion and it doesn't add to the length of the article in any way, just fleshes it out a bit more. --Jkaharper (talk) 14:42, 15 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Former MP note should, of course, be included for current members, as Jkaharper said. My view is that for consistency, roles and offices should be included for former members (deceased, resigned etc.) in a similar way than for current members or to leave also former MP note out. Why to include former MP note for former members but leave other significant roles and offices out? --Editor FIN (talk) 07:59, 16 March 2021 (UTC)
 * TrottieTrue, have you seen my comment and question? --Editor FIN (talk) 12:23, 20 March 2021 (UTC)

No, I hadn’t seen it until now, for some reason. Thanks for your support, User:Jkaharper, although User:Editor FIN seems only to be objecting to me listing “former MP” for the deceased members of the HoL. My edits listing it for current members have been left alone so far. “Why to include former MP note for former members but leave other significant roles and offices out?” Well, it’s because I was researching the former MPs who were still living, and I thought this would be helpful to future researchers. If you want to add other roles and offices to the Notes column for deceased members, I certainly won’t object. Or indeed if anyone else wants to. It just didn’t occur to me (and I don’t think I had the time really). It certainly wasn’t intentional to leave out that other info. Although in any case, surely the “recently deceased” list is only temporary? TrottieTrue (talk) 14:19, 20 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Ah okay, I better understand what the objection was about now. Just to be clear, I support adding "former MP" for both current and former members of the HoL as long as they're still alive. The word "former", IMO (and I say "IMO" because this is a contentious point), should only be used to refer to living individuals. Whenever a biography of a living person becomes a deceased one on Wiki, we remove any mention of the word "former" from the lede for a very good reason – it's a loaded word, and with it some people assume it to mean "still living but now doing something else" essentially. For that reason, it should be worded differently against deceased members OR just not mentioned at all. Thanks --Jkaharper (talk) 17:30, 20 March 2021 (UTC)

I take your point, although “former” is open to interpretation. Perhaps “previously an MP in the House of Commons”? I wonder what the cut-off point for “recent” deaths is? It implies that the table of deceased members will be (or is) purged on a regular basis. TrottieTrue (talk) 19:39, 20 March 2021 (UTC)
 * "In the House of Commons" definitely isn't needed. "MP" only stands for one thing in the UK. "Previously an MP" or something like "MP; 1970–1997" is fine. As for your second question, isn't it stated on the page? It's 12 months after their death before we clear them off? Thanks --Jkaharper (talk) 11:50, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
 * It isn't stated explicitly, but the "Recently deceased" is currently showing the deaths since March 2020, so I think it probably is only those for the last year. In which case I'm not going to make too much of a fuss about it, though when any Lord is "moved" from elsewhere on the page to the RD table, the Notes could surely just be copied with them. It now looks as though there is no 'Notes' column at all for the Recently deceased. Well, I suppose my main reason for adding 'former MP' will be resolved one way or another, which is that I've been keeping track of the oldest living former MPs, paying particular attention to those over 90. User:Andrew Gray has done some good work on this (see: Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Politics of the United Kingdom). Basically, I think the 'Notes' field should be copied over to the RD table when anyone in the list dies. Therefore anyone who currently has 'former MP' in their Notes would have it if they go into 'Recently deceased'. I hope that's all clear!--TrottieTrue (talk) 15:28, 21 March 2021 (UTC)

Per discussion, I have now added other important roles and offices in the Notes column of the list of resigned peers. --Editor FIN (talk) 17:26, 21 March 2021 (UTC)
 * Thank you. I now remember that it was the "Ceased to be members" section which you reverted my edit on, not the "Recently deceased" section. So I think Jkaharper was agreeing with me. Good to see that "former MP" is now back in the "Notes" there..--TrottieTrue (talk) 19:30, 21 March 2021 (UTC)

Why is Evgeny Lebedev not listed here?
Why is Evgeny Lebedev not mentioned in this list? 173.88.246.138 (talk) 04:44, 17 March 2021 (UTC)
 * He is actually in the list (as Lord Lebedev). --Editor FIN (talk) 15:40, 17 March 2021 (UTC)

Julian Henderson
https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-lancashire-60650077 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.238.77.239 (talk) 20:53, 7 March 2022 (UTC)

Deceased hereditary peers
Wouldn't it be more sensible to list the deceased hereditary peers with an ordinal number? There can be only one title holder of a specific title at any given moment so it's not a problem to list some hereditary peers who resigned under the proper form of address such as The Earl of X or The Lord X but it's very much possible for the succeeding titleholder of a hereditary peerage to be elected to the house so we'd find ourselves in a position where there's a Duke of X among the current members while his deceased predecessor, also a Duke of X, is listed among the deceased members for a whole year. I think we could preempt any such situation now. --Killuminator (talk) 13:19, 18 May 2022 (UTC)

 * I think this is a sensible suggestion. I would follow the form of List of hereditary peers elected under the House of Lords Act 1999. SamWilson989 (talk) 14:46, 18 May 2022 (UTC)

 * This sounds too much like a solution to a 'problem' which not only doesn't exist at this time, but will only ever happen in rare instances – especially given the process for electing hereditary peers. Is there a specific noble who you think is likely to ascend to the Lords in this situation? Farolif (talk) 17:38, 18 May 2022 (UTC)

 * One noble that is 100% certain to end up in this situation eventually, all other things remaining the same, would be the Duke of Norfolk. That title has been bundled with the title of Earl Marshal for a long time and the latter lands the titleholder an automatic seat in the House of Lords, and as the two titles are a package deal this would be one title that's guaranteed to eventually create a scenario I mentioned. We'd have a dead Duke of Norfolk for a year in one section and a living one listed somewhere else. Another highly probable but not 100% guaranteed scenario are the elected Labour Party peers. They have only two guaranteed seats for hereditary peers who affiliate with that party and there are very few nobles who have such a partisan affiliation to begin with. An article from The Guardian details recent issues of finding a noble who meets these criteria so the likelihood of both the title and parliamentary seat being inherited within a year is very high. But even ignoring the probability of these scenarios happening, you could make the case that it's technically incorrect to make a definitive use of THE with a title that currently belongs to a dead noble's successor. For example, we use The Lord Cobbold here for someone who died recently, his successor is technically The Lord Cobbold. The current one might never join the House of Lords, but it would be more accurate to use an ordinal number with this entry. --Killuminator (talk) 08:36, 19 May 2022 (UTC)

Gender composition
I went to the article to find out how many women sit in the House of Lords and did not see the answer. 184.147.56.25 (talk) 00:37, 25 May 2022 (UTC)

The gender composition of the Lords is readily available at https://members.parliament.uk/parties/Lords broken down by various sub-categories. The total is 219 women, 555 men, 0 non-binaries for a total of 774. Jordan (talk) 00:47, 25 May 2022 (UTC)

 * Additionally there is a Wikipedia article dedicated to this topic: Women in the House of Lords. I have updated it with your figures, @Jordan Grant. SamWilson989 (talk) 09:40, 25 May 2022 (UTC)

Thanks for passing on the info to the relevant page. Obviously this is an evolving statistic. Updated Dec. 29, 2023 from https://members.parliament.uk/parties/lords/by-gender 557 men 228 women — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jordan Grant (talk • contribs) 01:56, 30 December 2023 (UTC)

Marquess of Cholmondeley
There seems to be a dispute of whether the Marquess of Cholmondeley should still be included. He was an ex officio member as Lord Great Chamberlain, but upon Queen Elizabeth's death, the office based to Lord Carrington. As the Marquess of Cholmondeley is no longer Lord Great Chamberlain, it would appear that he is no longer an ex officio member. 24.15.214.201 (talk) 00:36, 20 September 2022 (UTC)

 * Fact is: the HoL still lists him as a member, even though they do not list him as the acting LGC. https://members.parliament.uk/member/3397/career
 * Reason is, that the House of Lords Act section 2(3) states "Once excepted from section 1, a person shall continue to be so throughout his life (until an Act of Parliament provides to the contrary)." So, Cholmondeley was excepted as LGC from the ban of hereditary peers and therefore continue to be so throughout his life.
 * Also it is bad style, to remove a sourced statement just because you think it should be different. To not start an edit war, I refrain from a reedit till we have resolved the matter. Theoreticalmawi (talk) 06:56, 20 September 2022 (UTC)
 * I only commented it out so we can determine what the course of action is, plus mainly so that there would be an edit reason on the page directing editors to this discussion. 24.15.214.201 (talk) 12:45, 20 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Looking at the text of the Act, it's unclear if that provision refers to the ex officio members, since it mentions that the Earl Marshall and Lord Great Chamberlain don't count towards the limit of people who serve for life, and the section mentions the members that group being replaced through by-elections, which doesn't apply to the ex officio members. 24.15.214.201 (talk) 12:51, 20 September 2022 (UTC)
 * We don't need to discuss if the text of the act is clear or unclear. This is an encyclopedia, not an attorneys office. We just stay with the facts. Fact is: HoL lists him still as a member even though it tells at the same time his turn as LGC ended. I'm always happy to discuss subtleties in laws (and for my, here absolutly irrelevant opinion, the law is very clear, but again, this question doesn't matter), but this is not the place for this. The only important interpretation of the law is the interpretation by HoL officials. And this interpretation is, as is evident from the HoL website, that Cholmondeley remains a member.
 * Just to lay out the interpretation (again, this does not affect the question, whether Cholmondeley remains in the house, this is just for the pleasure on discussion):
 * Section 2(3): "Once excepted from section 1, a person shall continue to be so throughout his life (until an Act of Parliament provides to the contrary)."
 * Ok, what is section 1: "No-one shall be a member of the House of Lords by virtue of a hereditary peerage."
 * So, is the LGC excepted from section 1 and therefore member for life? Of course!
 * Supported by Section 2(2): "[...] but anyone excepted [...] as performing the office of Lord Great Chamberlain[...]"
 * And Standing Order 9(2): "The excepted hereditary peers shall consist of the following categories: [...] (iii) any peer holding the office of Earl Marshal or performing the office of Lord Great Chamberlain."
 * I hope, I was able to clear this a little bit up for you. But again, this whole second part is absolutly irrevant for the question whether Cholmondeley remains a member, as sthe only relevant interpretation of this law for this encyclopedia is the interpretation and decision by authorities. Theoreticalmawi (talk) 14:02, 20 September 2022 (UTC)
 * According to the "Find Members" feature of the Lords official site, the Marquess' membership ended on 8 September 2022. Farolif (talk) 01:48, 8 October 2022 (UTC)
 * According to the "Find Members" feature of the Lords official site, the Marquess' membership ended on 8 September 2022. Farolif (talk) 01:48, 8 October 2022 (UTC)

Baroness Goudie
Suspended as well. 84.167.80.80 (talk) 06:25, 12 January 2023 (UTC)

Returning from leave of absence
[User:Farolif]] noticed that some peers returned to attend state opening but I did ot see any references for that so I asked him and did not receive an answer. As I'm interested about that I'm askin g here. HulkNorris (talk) 07:15, 18 November 2023 (UTC) Help would be muchb appreciated. 84.167.89.24 (talk) 18:32, 24 November 2023 (UTC) After Farolifs strange reaction is there someone else who can shed light on it? — Preceding unsigned comment added by HulkNorris (talk • contribs) 12:09, 26 November 2023 (UTC) Can someone with good knowledge please respond? 84.167.89.24 (talk) 14:35, 6 December 2023 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
James Hetfield

James Alan Hetfield (born August 3, 1963) is an American musician. He is the lead vocalist, rhythm guitarist, co-founder, and a primary songwriter of heavy metal band Metallica. He is mainly known for his intricate rhythm playing, but occasionally performs lead guitar duties and solos both live and in studio. Hetfield co-founded Metallica in October 1981 after answering an advertisement by drummer Lars Ulrich in the Los Angeles newspaper The Recycler. Metallica has won nine Grammy Awards and released 11 studio albums, three live albums, four extended plays, and 24 singles. Hetfield is often regarded as one of the greatest heavy metal rhythm guitar players of all time.

In 2009, Hetfield was ranked at No. 8 in Joel McIver's book The 100 Greatest Metal Guitarists and No. 24 by Hit Parader on their list of the 100 Greatest Metal Vocalists of All Time. In Guitar World's poll, Hetfield was placed as the 19th greatest guitarist of all time, as well as being placed second (along with Metallica lead guitarist Kirk Hammett) in The 100 Greatest Metal Guitarists poll of the same magazine. Rolling Stone placed him along with bandmate Kirk Hammett as the 23rd greatest guitarist of all time.

Early life
Hetfield was born on August 3, 1963, in Downey, California, the son of Cynthia Bassett (née Nourse), a light opera singer, and Virgil Lee Hetfield, a truck driver. He is of English, German, Irish, and Scottish descent. He has two older half-brothers from his mother's first marriage and one younger sister. His parents divorced in 1976 when Hetfield was 13. They were very strict Christian Scientists, and in accordance with their beliefs, they strongly disapproved of medicine or any other medical treatment and remained loyal to their faith, even as Cynthia was dying from cancer. This upbringing became the inspiration for many of Hetfield's lyrics during his career with Metallica, most notably in the songs "Dyers Eve" and "The God That Failed" from ...And Justice for All and Metallica respectively. Cynthia died of cancer in February 1980, when Hetfield was 16 years old. After the death of his mother, Hetfield went to live with his older half-brother David. Virgil died in late 1996, during Metallica's Load tour. Hetfield attended Downey High School for his freshman and sophomore years and graduated from Brea Olinda High School in 1981.

Hetfield was nine years old when he first began piano lessons, after which he took on his half-brother David's drums and finally, at the age of 14, he began to play guitar with Robert Okner. He was also in a few bands as a teenager – one being Leather Charm, and another, Obsession. Hetfield identifies Aerosmith as having been his main musical influence as a child, and has said they were the reason he wanted to play guitar.

Career
In the early days of the band, Metallica experimented with a few different vocal and guitar combinations, essentially creating a setup similar to that of British metal band Diamond Head, another major influence on Hetfield. Some of the options considered included adding another guitar player, having John Roads play lead guitar, as well as asking John Bush from Armored Saint (who later joined Anthrax) to sing for the band. The finalized line-up of the band became Hetfield (lead vocals and rhythm guitar), Lars Ulrich (drums), Dave Mustaine (lead guitar), and Ron McGovney (bass), who was soon replaced by Cliff Burton. Hetfield referred to their early sound as power metal. The term "thrash metal" was first used when Kerrang journalist Malcolm Dome described the Anthrax song "Metal Thrashing Mad" in an issue of Kerrang in February 1984.

From 1982 to 1983, Mustaine's overly aggressive behavior and drinking problems led to mounting tensions between himself and Hetfield. Mustaine once poured beer onto McGovney's bass. On April 1, 1983, the band recruited lead guitarist Kirk Hammett from the band Exodus, and 10 days later, Hetfield and Ulrich officially fired Mustaine from the band due to his erratic indifference. Mustaine was sent home on a four-day bus journey from New York to Los Angeles, and went on to form the heavy metal band Megadeth.

Since the recording of Load, Hammett has been recording rhythm guitars as well. Hetfield occasionally plays guitar solos on songs such as "Nothing Else Matters", "My Friend of Misery", "Just a Bullet Away", the outro solo on "The Outlaw Torn", the second solo on "To Live Is to Die", the first solo on "Suicide and Redemption", the first solo on "Master of Puppets", and the harmonized solo on "Orion". He also writes the majority of the guitar harmonies, as well as writing the lyrics, vocal melodies, and co-arranging the songs with Ulrich.

Hetfield was involved in an on-stage accident at Olympic Stadium in Montreal during the Guns N' Roses/Metallica Stadium Tour on August 8, 1992. During the song "Fade to Black", a pyrotechnic charge reacted. Hetfield's guitar protected him from the full force of the blast, but it struck his left side, burning his hand, arm, eyebrows, face and hair. He suffered second and third-degree burns, but was back on stage 17 days later, although his guitar duties were delegated to former guitar tech and Metal Church guitarist John Marshall for four weeks while he made a full recovery.

Hetfield also suffered a broken arm a number of times while skateboarding, which prevented him from playing guitar on stage, and subsequently caused Hetfield's management company, Q Prime, to put a clause in Hetfield's contract forbidding him to ride a skateboard while Metallica was touring. During a live performance on tour for Metallica, Hetfield experienced complications with his vocals after performing a cover of the Anti-Nowhere League song "So What?", forcing him to take vocal lessons for the first time. He did basic warm-up exercises to piano keys with his vocal coach, who also gave him a cassette tape of the piano warm-up for future use. Hetfield still uses the same cassette he was given in the early 1990s to this day before any live performance or any recording Metallica does. Hetfield talks about his vocal training endeavors in the Metallica documentary film, Metallica: Some Kind of Monster, produced and directed by Joe Berlinger and Bruce Sinofsky.

During the recording of the band's eighth studio album St. Anger in 2001, Hetfield went into rehab to address his alcohol usage. He rejoined the band after seven months in rehab and four months recovering with his family. His health problems are featured in Some Kind of Monster. Some Kind of Monster also shows the making of the St. Anger album, and documents the various conflicts and issues the band were facing at the time including the departure of Jason Newsted, alcoholism, family commitments, and the future of the band.

Hetfield and Metallica recruited Ozzy Osbourne bassist Robert Trujillo. Osbourne replaced him with Jason Newsted shortly after Trujillo's transfer. The new line-up has continued to make music and tour worldwide. Metallica's ninth studio album, Death Magnetic, was released on September 12, 2008. Like St. Anger and every album of original material released by Metallica since 1991's Metallica, Death Magnetic went to #1 on the Billboard charts in over 30 countries during its first week of release.

On April 4, 2009, Hetfield, along with remaining Metallica members Ulrich, Hammett, Trujillo, as well as former bassist Newsted, and the deceased Cliff Burton (who was represented by his father), were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. In an interview after their nomination, Hetfield commented that everyone who had appeared on an album with the band would be inducted. This excluded original guitarist Dave Mustaine and original bassist Ron McGovney, as both had appeared only on the band's early demo tapes. Hetfield and the rest of Metallica, including Newsted, performed "Master of Puppets" and "Enter Sandman" to end the ceremony.

Playing style
Hetfield has been called "The King of Downpicking" for his right-hand picking speed by Annihilator guitarist Jeff Waters. He has explained he holds the pick with his thumb, index and middle fingers, rather than just the thumb and index, citing additional stability he gains by it.

Personal life
Hetfield married Francesca Tomasi on August 17, 1997, and together they have three children. He currently resides in Vail, Colorado, citing a "multitude of reasons" for moving there, including it being his wife's childhood hometown, the natural beauty, and the quiet environment. During an interview on NPR's Fresh Air, Hetfield stated that his wife had helped him to mature and learn to deal with his anger issues more constructively, explaining that after they met, his destructive tendencies embarrassed both of them. Hetfield filed for divorce in 2022 citing irreconcilable differences.

Hetfield's son Castor is also a musician, playing for the Savannah, Georgia-based band Bastardane as their drummer.

Hetfield has long struggled with addiction problems. In 2001, he entered a rehab program (documented in the film Metallica: Some Kind of Monster), and began maintaining total abstinence from alcohol. In a 2010 interview with So What!, the official magazine of Metallica's fan club, Hetfield stated that he is a "reborn straight edge". However, in 2019, Hetfield once again entered rehab, forcing Metallica to cancel their Australia/New Zealand leg of the WorldWired Tour. Hetfield made his first public appearance since leaving rehab at the Petersen Automotive Museum reception on January 30, 2020.

Hetfield enjoys a variety of activities, most notably hunting; farming and beekeeping; customizing cars and motorcycles in his garage; watching the Las Vegas Raiders, the San Francisco Giants, and the San Jose Sharks; and going to hot rod shows. He put his 1968 Chevrolet Camaro up for sale on eBay, with the proceeds going to a Music for Schools program. The car was used in the video for "I Disappear" and was given to him as a gift upon the video's completion. "Slowburn", his 1936 Auburn boat tail speedster, won the 2010 Goodguys West Coast Custom of the Year.

Hetfield has a number of tattoos, including one which shows flames encasing four playing cards – ace (1), 9, 6, and 3 –  representing the year of his birth, and the words "Carpe Diem" ("seize the day"). The flames on the tattoo are in reference to the pyrotechnic accident which he suffered in 1992 during a concert in Montreal. He has tattooed an "M" and "81" on his right hand for "Metallica" and the year Metallica was founded, 1981, and an "F" on his left hand for "Francesca". He also has some Christian tattoos, including crosses and one of Jesus on his right arm. He has a tattoo of two razors forming the straight edge X symbol on his left wrist.

The first single Hetfield ever bought was "Sweet Home Alabama" by Lynyrd Skynyrd. He was featured in a documentary called Absent, directed by Justin Hunt, which takes a look at the effects of absent fathers on their children and the "father wound" that they leave behind.

Hetfield has expressed his disdain for politics and celebrities who "soapbox their opinions", stating that "for us, people are people – you should all have your own opinion". In 2007, Metallica performed at London's Live Earth concert. When Hetfield was asked for his thoughts on climate change, he responded by saying:

I really avoided the press around the Live Earth day. I didn't quite agree with what was going on there. Politics drive me crazy, and I don't like talking politics. Politics get in the way of things; they get in the way of getting things done, and getting our music across is what we wanna do – we don't wanna cloud it with Democrat, Republican, whatever. Our philosophy is 'think for yourself' at the end of the day – do what you think feels right. I really believe that humans will survive. I have a lot of faith in mankind that we will overcome and adapt – whatever it is; whether it's man-made or God-made, or Earth/Mother Nature –  we have a lot of smart people on this planet that will make something good out of bad.

In 2008, he made comments which were perceived as endorsing the use of his music at Guantánamo Bay to torture prisoners. British band Chumbawamba subsequently released a song called "Torturing James Hetfield" as a direct response.

Guitars
Hetfield has been a major endorser of ESP Guitars since the 1980s, and is best known for playing custom-made Explorer-style guitars with an EMG 81/EMG 60 set for pickups and since then he has his own signature EMG JH pickups. Hetfield's main guitar from the early days was a Flying V copy made in Japan by Electra, which was modified with a Seymour Duncan Invader (SH-8) pickup and used almost exclusively until 1984 when he switched to the Gibson Explorer model.

During the mid-1990s, ESP produced the first of his signature model guitars. To date, Hetfield has had six signature guitars with the company. However, Hetfield often uses guitars from Gibson and other companies instead of ESP despite his endorsement.

Some of Hetfield's guitars over the years have included:

Amplifiers and cabinets
Throughout Metallica's career, Hetfield has used a wide range of different amplifiers. For the first two albums, he used Marshall heads and cabinets, with occasional effects. The specific Marshall that he used for Kill 'Em All was stolen after a concert prior to the recording of Ride the Lightning; Hetfield was extremely upset by the theft, as his mother had helped him purchase the amplifier before her death. In 1985, for the recording of Master of Puppets, he and Kirk Hammett each bought a Mesa/Boogie Mark IIC+ amplifier (the preamp sections of which were connected to Marshall power amplifiers), and since then he has mostly used Mesa/Boogies, including the Triaxis and Rectifier models. Around the time of St. Anger, Hetfield began using the Diezel VH4 head. The majority of his clean tones come from a Roland JC-120 Jazz Chorus Guitar Amplifier, although many different amplifiers have been used over the years.

In December 2011, it was announced by Fortin Amps that they would team up with Randall Amplifiers to start a new line of tube amplifiers based on the Fortin Meathead amplifier. Kirk Hammett currently has two prototypes, and Hetfield will eventually be receiving one.

The amplifiers currently used on tour by Hetfield are:
 * Mesa/Boogie TriAxis preamp (x4)
 * Mesa/Boogie Simul-Class 2:90 power amp (x2)
 * Mesa/Boogie Triple Rectifier heads
 * Diezel VH4 heads
 * Mesa/Boogie 4x12 cabinets with Celestion V30 speakers in isolation cabinets
 * Roland JC-120 combo amplifiers

Effects
To avoid problems with pedals being damaged during live performances, Hetfield keeps his effect pedals in a rack along with his amplifiers and his guitar technician controls them through a pedalboard sidestage. The pedal controller allows him to change between different effect pedals and amplifiers.

Hetfield's live rig in 2008 included:

 * TC Electronic G-Major
 * Line 6 DM4
 * Mesa/Boogie Custom Graphic EQ
 * MXR Phase 100
 * ATI NanoAmp SUM 100
 * Klon Centaur
 * Boss NS-2 Noise Suppressor

 * Voodoo Lab Ground Control Pro
 * Voodoo Lab GCX Audio Switcher (x2)
 * Voodoo Lab Pedal Power 2 Plus
 * DBX 1074 Quad Gate
 * Behringer Multigate Pro

In 2010, a Line 6 effects unit was added to the list, along with the TC Electronic unit, perhaps indicating that this had replaced his stompboxes.

Accessories

 * Ernie Ball Power Slinky strings (.11–.48)
 * Dunlop James Hetfield Black Fang 1.14 mm picks
 * 3" Levy's Straps
 * Peterson Strobe 420 Tuner
 * EMG JH Het Set
 * Shure UR-4D Wireless Equipment
 * Furman AR Pro Power Conditioner

In addition, Hetfield uses Shure Super 55 microphones for vocals.

Metallica

 * Kill 'Em All (1983)
 * Ride the Lightning (1984)
 * Master of Puppets (1986)
 * ...And Justice for All (1988)
 * Metallica (1991)
 * Load (1996)
 * ReLoad (1997)
 * St. Anger (2003)
 * Death Magnetic (2008)
 * Hardwired... to Self-Destruct (2016)
 * 72 Seasons (2023)

On stage

 * Hetfield sang "Baby Hold On" at the Eddie Money Tribute Concert on February 23, 2020, in Beverly Hills.
 * Hetfield sang "Stone Cold Crazy" at the Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert, accompanied by the remaining members of Queen and Tony Iommi on rhythm guitar.
 * He performed at the Outlaws Concert in 2004, alongside Hank Williams Jr., Cowboy Troy, Big & Rich, Gretchen Wilson, and Kid Rock. Hetfield played one of close friend Waylon Jennings's songs, "Don't You Think This Outlaw Bit's Done Got Out of Hand", the very same he recorded on the tribute album to Jennings, I've Always Been Crazy. At this same event, he performed Metallica's "Mama Said" with Jesse Colter, the widow of Waylon Jennings, though this was cut from the television broadcast.
 * Hetfield appeared onstage with Alice in Chains on June 2, 2006, at Rock am Ring, singing deceased vocalist Layne Staley's parts on the song "Would?". He again appeared with Alice in Chains to perform "Would?" when they played at The Warfield in San Francisco on November 26, 2006.
 * On November 17, 2000, Hetfield was at a Misfits concert accompanied by his body guard at Maritime Hall in San Francisco, where he eventually got up on the stage and sang "Last Caress", then "Die, Die My Darling" whilst being accompanied by the band.

Musical collaborations

 * He provided backing vocals on "Man or Ash" on the Corrosion of Conformity album Wiseblood.
 * He sang backing vocals on "Twist of Cain" and "Possession" on Danzig's debut album Danzig.
 * He played guitar on "Eclectic Electric" from the Primus album Antipop.
 * He performed guest vocals on "Drivin' Rain" on the Gov't Mule album The Deep End, Volume 2 and on the soundtrack NASCAR on Fox: Crank It Up (2002).
 * Hetfield performed guest vocals on the Heart song "Beautiful Broken" from their album of the same name which was released on July 8, 2016.

Film

 * Though previously believed to have been sung by Trey Parker, the song "Hell Isn't Good" from the film South Park: Bigger, Longer and Uncut was actually sung by Hetfield. He admitted to doing so in 2000, confirming what many Hetfield fans had already recognized as his trademark growling style.
 * Hetfield appeared as Officer Bob Hayward in the 2019 Ted Bundy biopic Extremely Wicked, Shockingly Evil and Vile.

Television

 * Hetfield, as well as Metallica's lead guitarist Kirk Hammett, voiced characters in a number of episodes of the Adult Swim cartoon Metalocalypse.
 * Hetfield, along with Metallica drummer Lars Ulrich, voiced a pair of teenage dragons in an episode of Disney's Dave the Barbarian, entitled "Here There Be Dragons".
 * He also appeared as a guest in an episode of Space Ghost Coast to Coast entitled "Jacksonville" alongside Hammett.
 * Hetfield, along with the current Metallica lineup, appeared on an episode of Discovery's Time Warp, titled Metallica.
 * Hetfield appeared on an episode of the MTV show Celebrity Deathmatch, in which he killed Limp Bizkit vocalist Fred Durst, but he and referee Mills Lane disappeared after Mankind jumped from the top of the roof and onto the ring and then it collapsed.
 * Hetfield and Metallica also appeared in an episode of The Simpsons, "The Mook, the Chef, the Wife and Her Homer".
 * Hetfield and filmmaker Justin Hunt were interviewed about the documentary Absent, which was directed by Hunt and features Hetfield and takes a look at the effects of absent fathers on their children, on Fox News Channel's Fox and Friends program on March 30, 2011.
 * On February 1, 2016, Hetfield appeared in the American Dad! episode "The Life Aquatic with Steve Smith" as a water polo coach, constantly denying that he was The James Hetfield.
 * In 2017, Hetfield narrated the documentary "Addicted to Porn".
 * Hetfield is the voice of Wolfgang from the animated Skylanders Academy series.

Music videos

 * A photo of Hetfield appeared on Rammstein's music video "Haifisch".

Video games

 * Hetfield is a playable character in Tony Hawk's Pro Skater HD.
 * Hetfield and the rest of Metallica appear as cosmetic outfits in Fortnite.

title: James Hetfield


text:
Priory School, Portsmouth

Priory School is a secondary school in Southsea, Hampshire, England. It is situated in the northern area of Southsea bordering Fratton, and lies close to Fratton railway station on the A2047. Stewart Vaughan is the Headteacher at the school. Priory school is an academy and part of the Bohunt Education Trust.

History
The current site was originally purchased by the Portsmouth School Board in May 1890 for £3000, at the time the area was known as "The Wilderness" due to the lack of development activity. On the site were several buildings in a heavy state of disrepair, among the buildings were Howard's Cottage reputedly the oldest building in Portsmouth and home to the ghost of Lady Temple.

The construction of the school cost £9,704 and took two years, the buildings were completed in May 1892. Later extensions of the school site led it to cover the site of an old priory and a farm called Priory Farm.

In 1905 it was decided that the Francis Avenue School for girls should move to a building next to the boys school. This school, which cost £25,000 to build, was opened on 4 November 1907.

During the First World War, the building was requisitioned by the War Office to create the 5th Southern General Hospital, a facility for the Royal Army Medical Corps to treat military casualties.

During the 1920s the school became heavily over-crowded and an extension to the girls school was completed in 1934. Portsmouth was considered a high-risk target during the Second World War and the girls school moved to Salisbury. On 10 January 1941, German bombing led to the destruction of the boys school and the extension at the girls school. The boys moved to the St Ronan's Road School, with the old boys school being left as a bombed out wreck for the next twenty years.

In 1946 the girls school became the Portsmouth Southern Grammar School for Girls. The Southern Grammar School for Boys was on Eastern Road and went on to be part of Portsmouth College.

In the late 1950s the boys school was demolished and replaced with a gymnasium for the girls school. A lecture theatre was completed in the 1960s.

In 1974 the boys school returned to the site, this time merging with the girls school to form Priory comprehensive school. The school became a specialist sports college with the opening of the Priory Tennis Centre in 2006 and it became an academy, sponsored by the Bohunt Education Trust, in September 2014.

Notable former pupils

 * Prof Jim Al-Khalili OBE, Professor of Theoretical Physics at the University of Surrey
 * Ben Close, professional footballer who plays for Doncaster Rovers FC
 * Tommy Leigh, professional footballer who plays for Accrington Stanley FC
 * Stephen Morgan, MP For Portsmouth South
 * Dan Nlundulu, professional footballer who plays for Southampton FC
 * Jake Thomson, former professional footballer

Portsmouth Southern Grammar School for Girls

 * Marilyn Cole, January 1972 Playmate of the Month, and Playmate of the Year 1973

Notable former teachers

 * Mary James (educator), 1970-4 (at the girls' school)

title: Priory School, Portsmouth


text:
Frank J. Selke Trophy

The Frank J. Selke Trophy, or simply the Selke Trophy, is awarded annually to the National Hockey League forward who demonstrates the most skill in the defensive component of the game. The winner is selected by a poll of the Professional Hockey Writers' Association following the regular season. Named after Frank J. Selke, former general manager of the Toronto Maple Leafs and Montreal Canadiens, the trophy has been awarded 45 times to 27 different players since the 1977–78 NHL season. It is currently held by Florida Panthers center Aleksander Barkov.

History
The trophy was first awarded at the end of the 1977–78 NHL season. It was named after Frank J. Selke, former general manager of the Toronto Maple Leafs and Montreal Canadiens. The Selke Trophy was the fifth and last of the major NHL awards to be introduced that have been named after General Managers and owners of the Original Six teams, the other awards being the Art Ross Trophy, James Norris Memorial Trophy, Conn Smythe Trophy, and Jack Adams Award.

The first recipient was Bob Gainey of the Canadiens, who won the trophy the first four years it was given. Patrice Bergeron of the Boston Bruins has won it more times than any other player, with six wins. Guy Carbonneau, Jere Lehtinen and Pavel Datsyuk are tied for the third-most wins, with three apiece.

The Montreal Canadiens, Detroit Red Wings, and Boston Bruins have won the trophy the most times, with 7 awards apiece. The team with the greatest number of unique winners are the Red Wings with 4—Sergei Fedorov (twice), Steve Yzerman, Kris Draper, and Datsyuk (three times)—all coming since 1994.

There has been only one instance in which a Selke Trophy winner was also awarded the Hart Memorial Trophy for Most Valuable Player when Sergei Fedorov captured both trophies during the 1993–94 NHL season. There has not been an instance in which the Art Ross Trophy winner has been awarded the Selke Trophy, though Fedorov finished second in regular season scoring in 1994, while Hart Trophy winner and Art Ross Trophy runner-up Joe Sakic finished second in Selke voting in 2001. The most points scored in a Selke-winning season is 127 by Doug Gilmour in the 1992–93 NHL season.

Winners

{{legend|#CFECEC|Player is still active|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} {{legend|#FBCCE7|Player elected to Hockey Hall of Fame}} {{legend|#ffffcc|Player not yet eligible for the Hockey Hall of Fame}}

title: Frank J. Selke Trophy


text:
Priory School

Priory School may refer to several schools:

Jamaica

 * Priory School (Kingston)

England

 * Priory School, Isle of Wight, an independent school in Whippingham, Isle of Wight
 * Priory School, Lewes, a comprehensive secondary school in Lewes, Sussex
 * Harris Academy Orpington, formerly The Priory School, a comprehensive secondary school in Orpington, London Borough of Bromley
 * Priory School, Portsmouth, a secondary school in Southsea, Hampshire
 * Priory Community School, a secondary school in Weston-super-Mare, North Somerset
 * Priory Preparatory School, Banstead, Surrey
 * The Priory School, Dorking, a comprehensive secondary school in Dorking, Surrey
 * The Priory School, Hitchin, a comprehensive secondary school in Hitchin, Hertfordshire
 * The Priory School, Shrewsbury, a secondary school in Shrewsbury, Shropshire

United States

 * Saint Louis Priory School, a Roman Catholic boys' school in St. Louis, Missouri
 * Woodside Priory School, a Roman Catholic school in Portola Valley, California, known locally as The Priory

Other uses

 * The Adventure of the Priory School, a short story by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
 * Royal and Prior School, in Raphoe, Ireland, created by a 1971 merger of the Royal School in Raphoe and the Prior School in Lifford

title: Priory School


text:
Talk:Priory School, Portsmouth

Notability
not notable enough to warrant its own page. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.26.102.218 (talk)
 * I have to disagree, with some expansion and work this could be a very good article. Deletion would also defeat the objective of the Wiki Schools Project, as the majority of articles it deals with are of this type, and more notable education establishments articles are with other projects, such as Wiki Universities Project. Camaron1 | Chris  16:15, 1 April 2007 (UTC)

 * It doesn't work like that. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 82.26.110.9 (talk) 20:46, 6 April 2007 (UTC).
 * Wikipedia is not an advertising service, but cleanup should be put before deletion. Camaron1 | Chris  16:43, 8 April 2007 (UTC)

Assessment
I have assessed this article, the feedback given is as follows: ''This article needs to be expanded to contain more topics, such as current school policies, and be better structured with use of section headings. An infobox and picture would also be good additions.'' Camaron1 | Chris  20:02, 1 April 2007 (UTC)

Revert tag edit war.
There appears to be an anonymous user with a dynamically assigned, variable, IP address 82.26.98.237 -  82.26.110.9  -  82.26.111.152  -  82.26.99.28  -  83.26.102.63  -  82.26.106.254  -  82.26.107.31  -  82.26.102.218       to name a few. Who has for some reason, either simple mischief, dislike of the city of Portsmouth England or its educational establishments or some other reason not apparent, decided to repeatedly call by one method or another for the deletion of a set of articles. South Downs College (Portsmouth) Mayfield School (Portsmouth) City of Portsmouth Boys' School The Portsmouth Grammar School Portsmouth High School (Southsea) a subdivision of Portsmouth St John's College (Portsmouth) City of Portsmouth Girls' School Priory School (Portsmouth) Similarly this user has recently made changes to the main Portsmouth page by unlinking Highbury College, Portsmouth College, South Downs College and Havant College Admiral Lord Nelson School, City of Portsmouth Girls' School, King Richard School, Mayfield School, Milton Cross School, Priory School, Springfield School, St Edmund's RC School, St Luke's C of E VA Secondary School and City of Portsmouth Boys' School. In addition as, user Simon S Sumpton (since blocked) this user seems to have created diverts for Admiral Lord Nelson School (Portsmouth) King Richard Secondary School (Portsmouth) Milton Cross School (Portsmouth) Springfield School (Portsmouth) St Edmund's RC School (Portsmouth) St Luke's School (Portsmouth). It might be suggested that the user is attempting by a series of guerrilla actions to use Wikipedia policies and procedures in an attempt to get administrators to remove all traces of many if not all educational establishments in the Portsmouth area. While the standard of some of these articles is poor, their removal will not encourage those who have an interest in them to make the necessary improvements to bring them up to an acceptable level. Deletion would also defeat the objective of the Wiki Schools Project, as the majority of articles it deals with are of this type, and more notable education establishments articles are with other projects, such as Wiki Universities Project. Information. ISP NTL a British ISP has a block of IP addresses from 82.0.0.0 to 82.31.255.255 with addresses 82.26.96.0 to 82.26.111.255 assigned to the NTL branch at Winchester in the county of Hampshire (the same county as Portsmouth). -- Drappel 16:40, 7 April 2007 (UTC)

MERGE
I am against the proposed merge of articles suggested it would cause a loss of information in many cases and an overloading of the main page. Notably a similar set of proposals was made by an anonymous user to disrupt the Portsmouth page and those of its schools information is here and also here -- Drappel 21:10, 8 April 2007 (UTC)

I may be able to Help...
Hi, I am Steve Wiilliams, a citizen of Portsmouth and an attendee of Priory School, so it may be obvious how I can help. First of all, I must mention an annoyingly persistent ban which comes up every time I wish to edit a page. This is not my fault, and I am not seeking to raise this ban because it would just mean the persons whom share this computer system with me would just be able to use it again for Wikipedia's disadvantages. However, if there is any information anyone would like to hear about the school in order to be able to add it to the page, I would appreciate if you asked me for the information. Please do not raise the ban on this IP address because I would not like any more damage to occur on any pages of Wikipedia from here, otherwise I may get an overall ban.

Thank you, your friend Steve O, by the way, whenever I used to click 'edit page' to add some stuff to something such as an article, I used to always get a message telling me that I needed to choose the program I wanted to use in order to edit the page. Unfortunately, there were no compatible programs, so does this mean I will never be able to edit pages in Wikipedia again or something? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 13steve13 (talk • contribs) 11:39, 14 July 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Priory School, Portsmouth


text:
Tabi

Tabi (足袋) are traditional Japanese socks worn with thonged footwear such as zori, dating back to the 15th century.

History
Japanese are usually understood today to be a kind of split-toed sock that is not meant to be worn alone outdoors, much like regular socks. However, were originally a kind of leather shoe made from a single animal hide, as evidenced by historical usage and the earlier form of the word,, written 単皮, with the kanji literally signifying "single hide". As Japanese footwear evolved, also changed, with the split-toe design emerging towards the late Heian period (794–1185 CE) to allow the wearer to accommodate the thong of sandals. Outdoor versions of involved some kind of reinforcement, with soles traditionally made of cloth, leather, or straw.

Brothers Tokujirō Ishibashi and Shōjirō Ishibashi, founders of the tyre company Bridgestone, are credited with the invention of rubber-soled in 1922;     these are now the dominant form of outdoor, and the term  generally refers to the indoor form.

Use
are worn by both men and women with traditional formal footwear such as zori, and sometimes the less-formal geta. are typically worn with clothing such as kimono. are sewn with a divided toe, in order to be worn with thonged footwear.

Historically, most people in Japan wore, as most Japanese footwear was thonged; however, some, such as upper-class courtesans and the geisha of Fukagawa, did not wear them, as the bare foot was considered to be erotic in Japanese culture. Others, such as lower-working class members of society who could not afford, either did not wear them or wore boots such as instead.

In traditional Japanese spaces and buildings, such as Noh theatres, teahouses and for traditional stage performances, must be worn, and shoes are not worn inside or on stage.

Styles
The most common color of is white, which represents purity. White are worn in formal situations such as tea ceremonies. Men sometimes will wear blue or black for traveling. Colored are also available, and are sometimes used in kabuki theatre as part of a character's costume,  or are worn with more casual outfits as fashion.

Traditionally, are sewn from cloth cut to form. They are open at the back to be slipped on and have fasteners along the opening (known as ) so they can be closed. sewn from stretch material without fasteners are also available.

One distinctive style of are lit. 'tabi that contact the ground' (地下足袋). Made of heavier, tougher material and often having rubber soles, resemble boots and are outer footwear rather than socks. Like other, also have divided toes.

Modern versions
Contemporary socks—socks with a separation between the big toe and the rest of the toes—are also available. This reflects the number of people who still prefer to wear zori and geta, especially during Japan's hot, humid summers.

Modern occasionally have elastic openings instead of fasteners.

Belgian fashion house Maison Margiela has released modern boots with a separated big toe since the late 1980s-early 1990s. They can cost more than $1000 per pair. In 2023, the story of a man stealing a pair of tabi shoes from his Tinder date was amplified by TikTok and other social media sites.

A related item are toe socks, which have five separate compartments; these are known as five-toe socks (５本指の靴下) in Japanese.

title: Tabi


text:
Jack Adams Award

The Jack Adams Award is awarded annually to the National Hockey League (NHL) coach "adjudged to have contributed the most to his team's success." The league's Coach of the Year award has been presented 48 times to 40 coaches. The winner is selected by a poll of the National Hockey League Broadcasters Association at the end of the regular season. Five coaches have won the award twice, while Pat Burns has won three times, the most of any coach. The award is named in honour of Jack Adams, Hall of Fame player for the Toronto Arenas/St. Patricks, Vancouver Millionaires and original Ottawa Senators, and long-time Coach and General Manager of the Detroit Red Wings. It was first awarded at the conclusion of the regular season.

Jacques Demers is the only coach to win the award in consecutive seasons. Five coaches have won the award with two teams: Jacques Lemaire, Pat Quinn, Scotty Bowman, Barry Trotz, and John Tortorella have won the award twice, while Pat Burns is the only coach to win three times. The franchises with the most Jack Adams Award winners are the Philadelphia Flyers, Detroit Red Wings, Boston Bruins and Phoenix Coyotes with four winners each, although the Coyotes had two winners in Winnipeg before they moved to Arizona. Bill Barber, Bruce Boudreau and Ken Hitchcock are the only coaches to win the award after replacing the head coach who started the season. Barber took over for Craig Ramsay during the Flyers' 2000–01 season, Boudreau replaced Glen Hanlon a month into the Capitals' 2007–08 season while Hitchcock replaced Davis Payne a month into the Blues' 2011–12 season. The closest vote occurred in, when the winner Lindy Ruff edged out Peter Laviolette by a single point.

Winners
{{legend|#CFECEC|Individual is active as a head coach in the NHL|border=#AAAAAA}}
 * Key

title: Jack Adams Award


text:
Talk:Dyke

Untitled
I saw you reverted the notion of dykes as "masculinely" acting. I was responsible for the error, which I'd picked up in Oxford Advanced Learner's. I was already pretty questioning myself, and am glad you found it! -- Ruhrjung 09:19 16 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * Ok, so is it official, that "dyke" is not specific to more masculine lesbians? When I did some searching on the internet it seemed the consensus was that it referred to a "butchy", or "masculine" lesbian, although I wasn't the original person who defined it this way on wikipedia.  I was the one who added the work "disparaging" though, which I think is necessary to the definition I think...  dave 17:00 16 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * I saw the adjective 'masculine' there and wondered if that was really what it meant, because I only know it as a synonym for lesbian. So, I looked it up, and neither Merriam-Webster nor the American Heritage dictionary say anything about it being a term for masculine lesbians. That's why I removed that adjective. -- Kimiko 22:29 16 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * You are right, I checked www.dictionary.com again, and I only saw one reference to "masculine", which was from WordNet ® 1.6, © 1997 Princeton University whatever that is. However www.urbandictionary.com had a lot of references to masculine in its defintion.  In some ways urbandictionary.com is a lot more current, but it is still not credible in my opinion, because their deletion/revision system is a bit dysfunctional in my opinion.  Thanks for removing masculine in that case, since I guess it didn't belong there.  dave 04:13 17 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * Probably the result of a confusion of dyke with bull dyke, which actually implies the masculine part. Tweak

 * Right, bull dyke is even in the american heritage dictionary on www.dictionary.com as well as www.urbandictionary.com. dave 14:28 17 Jul 2003 (UTC)

- MyRedDice, the reason why I am putting the dyke/dike spelling back it is because that was the reason I clarified this in the beginning. I saw the word "dike" used in some articles, and I was confused because where I come from we have only "dyke"s, geological and otherwise. This needs to be made clear, so when people click on the "dike" link for example they see that an alternative word is "dyke". Also, when people click on the spelling "dyke" they will see that it is also known as "dike". This will prevent people from having to go look at www.dictionary.com and wonder if the editors of wikipedia are on crack. There should be no ambiguity.

 * Sure, but these are disambiguation pages - just pointers to real articles - so we don't need details about spelling and the like. Martin 18:56 26 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * Sure, but we need a link, in case someone meant to go to Dike. For example if someone was looking for info about the greek goddess Dike but thought it was spelt Dyke, don't you think we should have a hyperlink so that they can get to where they really want to be?  I'm not sure the best way to do this.  dave 20:04 26 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * I hadn't even considered that possibility! You're quite right Dave - my apologies. :) Martin 00:58 27 Jul 2003 (UTC)

Consolidation
I've remade the 'Dyke' and 'Dike' pages back into a single page (instead of two disambig pages with bad links) is that the intention of disambig pages is to point people to the correct page. Part of this, and especially in this case, is that where there are multiple options on spelling for the same word then it is best practice to bring them together rather than requiring users to click between "see also" links or duplicating the links on each page which will, over time, separate. In this case there were even cases of the same target page having different links from each page rather than the same one! --Vamp:Willow 08:40, 2 August 2005 (UTC)

Today's vandalism
I stumbled on the anon vandalism that showed up today (after VampWillow's merge work), and used it as an opportunity to expand the entry for dyke (lesbian) a bit. I have only a weak basis for the very last assertion (Polish origin possbility), but since it refers to a real group of women soldiers from WWII, and is a nearly identical word, it's worth a footnote, I feel. The Celtic origin is widely refered to, so it deserves to go first, possibly with stronger language than I've used to imply that it's more widely regarded. -Harmil 15:23, 2 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Interesting stuff there about a possible Polish connection! --Vamp:Willow 18:56, 2 August 2005 (UTC) (happy to be a dyke!)
 * Yeah, Wanda Gertz is one interesting lady! I'd love to see a movie based on her efforts during WWII.... -Harmil 19:26, 2 August 2005 (UTC)

Dab cops
Someone came through and decided to hack down the disambiguation entry that I wrote yesterday. Given the volumes upon volumes of disambiguation pages with far more text than I had there, it seems rather odd, but I'll roll with it and re-instate my text on a new page (which I think is redundant, but oh well).

Dike
Dike is a usage generally found in the USA. In the UK and the Netherlands the spelling 'Dyke' is almost universal, though Fowler suggest's Dike is preferable I've never encountered outside the USA

 * If you are talking about the excavation here, in my experience, the Dutch spelling is dijk (Cassel's Compact Dutch Dictionary). The modern English spelling in England, is dike. An older English spelling, which seems to have developed in the Middle English period and which is retained in several names, is dyke. The earliest example of the use of dyke, noted by OED, comes from 1340. Occasionally, the dyke spelling is used by modern writers. Going back further, the Old English was díc (Pollington, Wordcraft) from which the southern, soft pronunciation of the c gives the modern ditch and the norhtern, hard pronunciation, the dike. For modern use, the OED gives dike with the alternative of dyke. (RJP 20:40, 8 February 2007 (UTC))

 * If it counts for anything, in the area of Lincolnshire I'm familiar with, we'd use 'dyke'. And we'd mean a ditch, which I'm about to add to the disambiguation categories. --Froggienation (talk) 16:15, 29 September 2009 (UTC)

Dry stone wall
I added a link to the dry stone article. A dry-stane dyke is a wall built of stone without mortar, generally as a field boundary. This is different to the other uses so I figured it could do with a link. JJJJS (talk) 10:14, 22 June 2010 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Levee which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 12:59, 3 September 2012 (UTC)

Order of general use terms
I put Dyke (slang) as the first entry under "General use" as it is the most common of the five "general uses". This was reverted by Martin of Sheffield with the edit summary "Just not true". I would like to point out that although Dyke (slang) is at the bottom of the "general uses" list, it receives on average 6 times more daily page views than the next most popular article, Dike (geology).|Dyke_(automobile_company)|Dike_(mythology)|Dike_(geology)|Dyke_(slang) Kaldari (talk) 23:46, 2 July 2020 (UTC)
 * IME the term is virtually never used these days, it is totally unacceptable in conversation or print. This may be regional, in the UK we have plenty of dykes – both the ditch and the wall – as well as plenty of placenames ending in -dike and -dyke. Martin of Sheffield (talk) 08:26, 3 July 2020 (UTC)
 * I'm afraid that is a provincial point of view. Here in the U.S. almost every major city has an annual dyke march, bars have "dyke nights", there are "dyke zines", "dyke picnics", dykes on bikes, there's a long-running TV show called "Dyke Central", and butch lesbians generally have no qualms about calling themselves dykes. Unlike "faggot", "dyke" has largely lost its pejorative connotations in the United States and is a widely used term in the LGBT community. Regardless, you have not shown that any of the other four "general uses" of dyke are more common. The ditch and wall uses you mention are under the "Structures" section, not the "General use" section. Kaldari (talk) 13:17, 3 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Interesting comment that "provincial"! Clearly it is regional then, I would expect the same reaction here as if I started calling black people "n***" or gays "q***", namely a smack in the gob.  As for "faggot", that refers to a bundle of sticks or a particularly nice regional variety of sausage best served with peas and onion gravy. :-)  Anyhow I've self reverted, I'm afraid I only looked at the flags across the top of your page, I now see that you're an admin.  Apologies for doubting you.  Martin of Sheffield (talk) 15:41, 3 July 2020 (UTC)
 * I think "regional" would have been a better word than "provincial". I didn't realize "provincial" had such negative connotations until I looked it up. My apologies. Language is hard! Kaldari (talk) 16:19, 3 July 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dyke


text:
Louis Moreau Gottschalk

Louis Moreau Gottschalk (May 8, 1829 – December 18, 1869) was an American composer, pianist, and virtuoso performer of his own romantic piano works. He spent most of his working career outside the United States.

Life and career
Gottschalk was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, to Edward Gottschalk and Aimée Marie Bruslé. He had six brothers and sisters, five of whom were half-siblings by his father's biracial mistress. His family lived for a time in a tiny cottage at Royal and Esplanade in the Vieux Carré. Louis later moved in with relatives at 518 Conti Street; his maternal grandmother Bruslé and his nurse Sally were both Saint Dominican Creoles. He was therefore exposed to a variety of musical traditions, and played the piano from an early age. He was soon recognized as a prodigy by the New Orleans bourgeois establishment, making his informal public debut in 1840 at the new St. Charles Hotel.

Only two years later, at the age of 13, Gottschalk left the United States and sailed to Europe, as he and his father realized a classical training was required to fulfill his musical ambitions. The Paris Conservatoire, however, rejected his application without hearing him, on the grounds of his nationality; Pierre Zimmerman, head of the piano faculty, commented that "America is a country of steam engines". Gottschalk eventually gained access to the musical establishment through family friends, but important early compositions like Bamboula (Danse Des Nègres) and La Savane establish him as a genuinely American composer, and not a mere imitator of the European written tradition; they were a major artistic statement as they carried a legacy of slave music in a romantic music context, and as such they were also precursors of jazz. They still stand as the first examples of Louisiana Creole music in classical music culture. After a concert at the Salle Pleyel, Frédéric Chopin remarked: "Give me your hand, my child; I predict that you will become the king of pianists." Franz Liszt and Charles-Valentin Alkan, too, recognised Gottschalk's extreme talent.

After Gottschalk returned to the United States in 1853, he traveled extensively; a sojourn in Cuba during 1854 was the beginning of a series of trips to Central and South America. Gottschalk also traveled to Puerto Rico after his Havana debut and at the start of his West Indian period. He was quite taken with the music he heard on the island, so much so that he composed a work, probably in 1857, entitled Souvenir de Porto Rico; Marche des gibaros, Op. 31 (RO250). "Gibaros" refers to the jíbaros, or Puerto Rican peasantry, and is an antiquated way of writing this name. The theme of the composition is a march tune which may be based on a Puerto Rican folk song form.

At the conclusion of that tour, he rested in New Jersey then returned to New York City. There he continued to rest and took on a very young Venezuelan student, Teresa Carreño. Gottschalk rarely took on students and was skeptical of prodigies, but Carreño was an exception and he was determined that she would succeed. With his busy schedule, Gottschalk was only able to give her a handful of lessons, yet she would remember him fondly and performed his music for the rest of her days. A year after meeting Gottschalk, she performed for Abraham Lincoln and would go on to become a renowned concert pianist earning the nickname "Valkyrie of the Piano". In late 1855 and early 1856 Gottschalk made connections with several notable figures of the New York art world, including the sculptor Erastus Dow Palmer, composer and musician George William Warren and Hudson River School landscape painter Frederic Edwin Church. Like Gottschalk, Church had traveled extensively in Latin America (primarily Ecuador and Colombia) and produced a series of large-scale canvases of South American subject. Gottschalk dedicated a Mazurka poétique to Church, who gave Gottschalk a small (now unidentified) landscape painting. Gottschalk also possibly collaborated with Warren on his 1863 The Andes, Marche di Bravoura, a solo piano piece inspired by Church's large-scale South American painting of 1859, The Heart of the Andes.

By the 1860s, Gottschalk had established himself as the best known pianist in the New World. Although born and reared in New Orleans, he was a supporter of the Union cause during the American Civil War. He returned to his native city only occasionally for concerts, but he always introduced himself as a New Orleans native. He composed the tarantella, Grande Tarantelle, Op. 67, subtitled Célèbre Tarentelle, during 1858–64.

In May 1865, he was mentioned in a San Francisco newspaper as having "travelled 95,000 miles by rail and given 1,000 concerts". However, he was forced to leave the United States later that year because of an alleged affair with a student at the Oakland Female Seminary in Oakland, California. Gottschalk denied any wrongdoing, but never returned to the United States.

Gottschalk chose to travel to South America, where he continued to give frequent concerts. During one of these concerts, at the Teatro Lyrico Fluminense in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on November 24, 1869, he collapsed from yellow fever. Just before his collapse, he had finished playing his romantic piece Morte! (translated from Portuguese as "Death"), although the actual collapse occurred just as he started to play his celebrated piece Tremolo. Gottschalk never recovered from the collapse.

Three weeks later, on December 18, 1869, at the age of 40, he died at his hotel in Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, probably from an overdose of quinine. (According to an essay by Jeremy Nicholas for the booklet accompanying the recording "Gottschalk Piano Music" performed by Philip Martin on the Hyperion label, "He died ... of empyema, the result of a ruptured abscess in the abdomen.")

In 1870, his remains were returned to the United States and were interred at the Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, New York City. His burial spot was originally marked by a magnificent marble monument, topped by an "Angel of Music" statue, which was irreparably damaged by vandals in 1959. In October 2012, after nearly fifteen years of fundraising by the Green-Wood Cemetery, a new "Angel of Music" statue, created by sculptors Giancarlo Biagi and Jill Burkee to replace the damaged one, was unveiled.

Works
Gottschalk's music was very popular during his lifetime and his earliest compositions created a sensation in Europe. Early pieces like Bamboula, La Savane, Le Bananier and Le Mancenillier were based on Gottschalk's memories of the music he heard during his youth in Louisiana and are widely regarded as the earliest existing pieces of creole music in classical culture. In this context, some of Gottschalk's work, such as the 13-minute opera Escenas campestres, retains value. Gottschalk also utilized the Bamboula theme as a melody in his Symphony No. 1: A Night in the Tropics. A melody from Gottschalk's Souvenirs d'Andalousie (Memories of Andalusia) forms the basis of a highly popular 20th century piece "Malagueña" by Ernesto Lecuona.

Many of his compositions were destroyed after his death, or are lost. Musicologist Richard Jackson served as the editor of a 1973 published collection of Gottschalk’s piano music, and concurrently organized an exhibition of Gottschalk and his music at the New York Public Library.

Recordings
Various pianists later recorded his piano music. The first important recordings of his orchestral music, including the symphony A Night in the Tropics, were made for Vanguard Records by Maurice Abravanel and the Utah Symphony Orchestra. Vox Records issued a multi-disc collection of his music, which was later reissued on CD. This included world premiere recordings of the original orchestrations of both symphonies and other works, which were conducted by Igor Buketoff and Samuel Adler.

In 1984, Nimbus Records issued The Lady Fainted, a selection of piano fantasies, caprices, meditations and paraphrases played by Alan Marks. Lambert Orkis recorded a selection of Gottschalk's music on an 1865 Chickering concert grand in 1988 as part of The Smithsonian Collection of Recordings. The music of Gottschalk was used in the soundtrack for the Michel Deville film Aux Petits Bonheurs, which was played by Noël Lee on a Steinway piano and released by Erato Records in 1994. Beginning in the 1990s, Philip Martin recorded most of Gottschalk's extant piano music for Hyperion Records.

In popular culture
Author Howard Breslin wrote a historical novel about Gottschalk titled Concert Grand in 1963. A version of Gottschalk's Bamboula, with added lyrics, was recorded in April 1934 by trumpet player Abel Beauregard's dance band, the Orchestre Créole Matou from the French Caribbean Guadeloupe island. This is the first recording of this composition, as the first 'classical piano' recordings of Gottschalk's works were not recorded until 1956, by American pianist Eugene List. Other recordings related to the specific bamboula rhythm heard by Gottschalk in New Orleans' Congo Square and used on his famous 1845 composition Bamboula can be found on a 1950 Haitian voodoo recording Baboule Dance (three drums); And on the 1962 Cuban folk tune Rezos Congos (Bamboula, Conga Music). Comments by musicologist Bruno Blum are included in each of the above releases. New Orleans singer and pianist Dr. John's recording of Litanie des Saints from Goin' Back to New Orleans was inspired by Gottschalk's Souvenir de Porto Rico.

Listening

 * , piano and clarinet– restful fan dance (note:pasties), Ann Arbor, Michigan, 2017
 * Kunst der Fuge: Louis Moreau Gottschalk – MIDI files (piano works)
 * , piano and clarinet– restful fan dance (note:pasties), Ann Arbor, Michigan, 2017
 * Kunst der Fuge: Louis Moreau Gottschalk – MIDI files (piano works)

title: Louis Moreau Gottschalk