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Tokyo Imperial Palace

The Tokyo Imperial Palace (皇居) is the main residence of the Emperor of Japan. It is a large park-like area located in the Chiyoda district of the Chiyoda ward of Tokyo and contains several buildings including the Fukiage Palace (吹上御所) where the Emperor has his living quarters, the main palace (宮殿) where various ceremonies and receptions take place, some residences of the Imperial Family, an archive, museums and administrative offices.

The 1.15 sqkm palace grounds and gardens are built on the site of the old Edo Castle.

Edo castle

After the capitulation of the shogunate and the Meiji Restoration, the inhabitants, including the Shōgun Tokugawa Yoshinobu, were required to vacate the premises of the Edo Castle. Leaving the Kyoto Imperial Palace on 26 November 1868, the Emperor arrived at the Edo Castle, made it to his new residence and renamed it to Tōkei Castle (東京城). At this time, Tōkyō had also been called Tōkei. He left for Kyōto again, and after coming back on 9 May 1869, it was renamed to Imperial Castle (皇城).

Previous fires had destroyed the Honmaru area containing the old donjon (which itself burned in the 1657 Meireki fire). On the night of 5 May 1873, a fire consumed the Nishinomaru Palace (formerly the shōgun's residence), and the new imperial Palace Castle (宮城) was constructed on the site in 1888. The castle has many gardens.

A non-profit "Rebuilding Edo-jo Association" (NPO法人 江戸城再建) was founded in 2004 with the aim of a historically correct reconstruction of at least the main donjon. In March 2013, Naotaka Kotake, head of the group, said that "the capital city needs a symbolic building", and that the group planned to collect donations and signatures on a petition in support of rebuilding the tower. A reconstruction blueprint had been made based on old documents. The Imperial Household Agency at the time had not indicated whether it would support the project.

The old palace
In the Meiji period, most structures from the Edo Castle disappeared. Some were cleared to make way for other buildings, while others were destroyed by earthquakes and fire. For example, the wooden double bridges (二重橋) over the moat were replaced with stone and iron bridges. The buildings of the Imperial Palace constructed in the Meiji era were constructed of wood. Their design employed traditional Japanese architecture in their exterior appearance while the interiors were an eclectic mixture of fashionable Japanese and European elements. The ceilings of the grand chambers were coffered with Japanese elements; however, Western chairs, tables and heavy curtains furnished the spaces. The floors of the public rooms had parquets or carpets, while the residential spaces used traditional tatami mats.

The main audience hall was the central part of the palace. It was the largest building in the compound. Guests were received there for public events. The floor space was more than 223 tsubo or approximately 737.25 m2. In the interior, the coffered ceiling was traditional Japanese-style, while the floor was parquetry. The roof was styled similarly to the Kyoto Imperial Palace, but was covered with (fireproof) copper plates rather than Japanese cypress shingles.

In the late Taishō and early Shōwa period, more concrete buildings were added, such as the headquarters of the Imperial Household Ministry and the Privy Council. These structures exhibited only token Japanese elements.

From 1888 to 1948, the compound was called Palace Castle (宮城). On the night of 25 May 1945, most structures of the Imperial Palace were destroyed in the Allied firebombing raid on Tokyo. According to the US bomber pilot Richard Lineberger, Emperor's Palace was the target of their special mission on July 29, 1945, and was hit with 2000-pound bombs. In August 1945, in the closing days of World War II, Emperor Hirohito met with his Privy Council and made decisions culminating in the surrender of Japan at an underground air-raid shelter on the palace grounds referred to as His Majesty's Library (御文庫附属室).

Due to the large-scale destruction of the Meiji-era palace, a new main palace hall (宮殿) and residences were constructed on the western portion of the site in 1964–1968, designed by architect Junzō Yoshimura. The area was renamed Imperial Residence (皇居) in 1948, while the eastern part was renamed East Garden (東御苑) and became a public park in 1968.

Interior images of the Meiji-era palace

Present palace

The present Imperial Palace encompasses the retrenchments of the former Edo Castle. The modern Kyūden (宮殿) designed for various imperial court functions and receptions is located in the old Nishinomaru section of the palace grounds. On a much more modest scale, the Fukiage Palace (吹上御所), the official residence of the Emperor and empress, is located in the Fukiage Garden. Designed by Japanese architect Shōzō Uchii the modern residence was completed in 1993. This residence is currently (July 2020) not in use and being prepared for Naruhito, who for the time being keeps his primary residence at the former Tōgū Palace, renamed Akasaka Palace (赤坂御所) while he resides there.

Except for the Imperial Household Agency and the East Gardens, the main grounds of the palace are generally closed to the public, except for reserved guided tours from Tuesdays to Saturdays (which access only the Kyūden Totei Plaza in front of the Chowaden). Each New Year (January 2) and Emperor's Birthday (February 23), the public is permitted to enter through the Nakamon (inner gate) where they gather in the Kyūden Totei Plaza. The Imperial Family appears on the balcony before the crowd and the Emperor normally gives a short speech greeting and thanking the visitors and wishing them good health and blessings. Parts of the Fukiage garden are sometimes open to the general public.

The old Honmaru, Ninomaru, and Sannomaru compounds now comprise the East Gardens, an area with public access containing administrative and other public buildings.

The Kitanomaru Park is located to the north and is the former northern enceinte of Edo Castle. It is a public park and is the site of the Nippon Budokan. To the south is Kokyo Gaien National Garden.

Though much of the site is off limits to the public, there have been multiple instances of tourists attempting to trespass on the palace grounds by swimming in the moat. In 2008, a British tourist stripped naked, repeatedly dove into and swam across the moat in an attempt to avoid being arrested, and used stones and a plastic pole as weapons when faced by staff and local police officers. A similar incident took place in 2013, in which two drunken tourists decided to try to sneak into the palace building after removing their clothing and entering the water near Sakurada Gate.

Kyūden

The Imperial Palace (宮殿) and the headquarters of the Imperial Household Agency are located in the former Nishinomaru enceinte (West Citadel) of the Edo Castle.

The main buildings of the palace grounds, including the Kyūden (宮殿) main palace, home of the liaison conference of the Imperial General Headquarters, were severely damaged by the fire of May 1945. Today's palace consists of multiple modern structures that are interconnected. The palace complex was finished in 1968 and was constructed of steel-framed reinforced concrete structures produced domestically, with two stories above ground and one story below. The buildings of the Imperial Palace were constructed by the Takenaka Corporation in a modernist style with clear Japanese architectural references such as the large, gabled hipped roof, columns and beams.

The complex consists of six wings, including:
 * Seiden State Function Hall
 * Hōmeiden State Banquet Hall
 * Chōwaden Reception Hall
 * Rensui Dining Room
 * Chigusa Chidori Drawing Room and
 * The Emperor's work office

Halls include the Minami-Damari, Nami-no-Ma, multiple corridors, Kita-Damari, Shakkyō-no-Ma, Shunju-no-Ma, Seiden-Sugitoe (Kaede), Seiden-Sugitoe (Sakura), Take-no-Ma, Ume-no-Ma and Matsu-no-Ma. Famous Nihonga artists such as Maeda Seison were commissioned to paint the artworks.

The Kyūden is used for both receiving state guests and holding official state ceremonies and functions. The Matsu-no-Ma (Pine Chamber) is the throne room. The Emperor gives audiences to the Prime Minister in this room, as well as appointing or dismissing ambassadors and Ministers of State. It is also the room where the Prime Minister and Chief Justice is appointed to office.

Fukiage Garden
The Fukiage Garden has carried the name since the Edo period and is used as the residential area for the Imperial Family.

The Fukiage Palace (吹上御所), achieved in 1993, was used as the primary residence of Akihito from December 8, 1993, to March 2020. After a period of refurbishment, Naruhito, Masako and Aiko moved in in September 2021.

The Fukiage Ōmiya Palace (吹上大宮御所) in the northern section was originally the residence of Emperor Showa and Empress Kōjun and was called the Fukiage Palace. After the Emperor's death in 1989, the palace was renamed the Fukiage Ōmiya Palace and was the residence of the Empress Dowager until her death in 2000. It is currently not in use.

The palace precincts include the Three Palace Sanctuaries (宮中三殿). Parts of the Imperial Regalia of Japan are kept here and the sanctuary plays a religious role in imperial enthronements and weddings.

East Gardens
The East Gardens is where most of the administrative buildings for the palace are located and encompasses the former Honmaru and Ninomaru areas of Edo Castle, a total of 210000 m2. Located on the grounds of the East Gardens is the Imperial Tokagakudo Music Hall, the Music Department of the Board of Ceremonies of the Imperial Household, the Archives and Mausolea Department Imperial Household Agency, structures for the guards such as the Saineikan dojo, and the Museum of the Imperial Collections.

Several structures that were added since the Meiji period were removed over time to allow construction of the East Garden. In 1932, the kuretake-ryō was built as a dormitory for imperial princesses, however this building was removed prior to the construction of the present gardens. Other buildings such as stables and housing were removed to create the East Garden in its present configuration.

Construction work began in 1961 with a new pond in the Ninomaru, as well as the repair and restoration of various keeps and structures from the Edo period. On 30 May 1963, the area was declared by the Japanese government a "Special Historic Relic" under the Cultural Properties Protection Law.

Tōkagakudō (Music Hall)
The Tōkagakudō (桃華楽堂) is located to the east of the former main donjon of Edo Castle in the Honmaru. Designed by Kenji Imai, this music hall was built in commemoration of the 60th birthday of Empress Kōjun on 6 March 1963. The ferro-concrete building covers a total area of 1254 m2. The hall is octagon-shaped and each of its eight outer walls is decorated with differently designed mosaic tiles. Construction began in August 1964 and was completed in February 1966.

Ninomaru Garden
Symbolic trees representing each prefecture in Japan are planted in the northwestern corner of Ninomaru enceinte. Such trees have been donated from each prefecture and there are total of 260, covering 30 varieties.

The small Ninomaru Garden at the foot of the castle hill was originally planted in 1636 by Kobori Enshu, a famed landscape artist and garden designer, but it was destroyed by fire in 1867. The current layout was created in 1968, based on a plan drawn up during the reign of ninth shogun, Tokugawa Ieshige.

Suwa no Chaya
The Suwa no Chaya (諏訪の茶屋) is a teahouse that was located in the Fukiage Garden during the Edo period. It moved to the Akasaka Palace after the Meiji restoration, but was reconstructed in its original location in 1912.

It was moved to its present location during the construction of the East Garden.

Kitanomaru
The Kitanomaru Park is located to the north and is the former northern enceinte of Edo Castle. It is a public park and is the site of Nippon Budokan Hall.

This garden contains a bronze monument to Prince Kitashirakawa Yoshihisa (北白川宮能久親王).

Kōkyo-gaien
The Kokyo Gaien National Garden consists of outer gardens that ring the Imperial Palace. It contain bronze monuments to Kusunoki Masashige (楠木正成) and to Wake no Kiyomaro (和気清麻呂).

title: Tokyo Imperial Palace


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Talk:Princess Märtha Louise of Norway

Renouncing royal title
Why did she renounce the title? RickK 01:17 13 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * I think it was part of a decision having to do with her establishing a commercial company. --Wernher 18:24, 21 Jan 2004 (UTC)

The article also suggests that she might have lost the title if she hadn't renounced it as a result of an "unequal marriage". Doesn't this appear quite arbitrary/unfair in light of her brother's marriage? It is hard to understand since her marriage seems uncontroversial compared to Haakon's. Tami 3/2/2006

 * It does appear to be a bit one sided. But her father, King Harald, married a commoner adn that caused a bit of an uproar at the time. Both of her aunts also made "unequal" marriages, and lost their title of Her Royal Highness. Can't say that it is fair, it just is. Prsgoddess187 21:36, 3 February 2006 (UTC)

The positon of The King and his marriage to a commoner'''

Princess Astrid and Princess Ragnild lost their royal highness style they were entitled by birth as Norwegian princesses when they contracted unequal marriages. This was standard practise for unequal marriages that was enforced in many European Royal Houses. It was normally applied equally to male and female members.

In this case of the current King his marriage to commoner was not without opposition. But, the King vowed to renounce his right of succession, which would have caused a consitutional crisis and threatened the continuity of the monarchy as their were other no direct hiers at time. Bearing this in mind the King's father in consultation with the government consented to the marriage. To be honest they had very litte choice.

In case of Princess Martha-Louise of Norway. She voluntary gave up her 'royal highness' to pursue her own commercial interests. It was not connected to her marriage. I think I am correct in saying place in the line of succession was not effected hence is she titled Princess Martha Louise of Norway not Princess Martha-Louise, Mrs Behn. Whether or not she would have been stripped of royal highness on marriage is a academic question this piont.

Princess Martha Louise styles abroad

Is Princess Martha Louise is entitled to style of Highness when she is abroad like her Aunts Princess Astrid and Princess Ragnild ?

I believe she is entitled to style highness abroad. Can anyone tell me why Princess Martha-Louise and her aunts only allowed to use the highness abroad. Why can't they use it while in Norway. Its seems strange to allow them to use in other countries but not in their own ???

 * Both Prince Sverre and Princess Märtha are entitled to use HH when abroad. Please see:

http://www.kongehuset.no/c28433/seksjonstekst_person/vis.html?tid=28780 and http://www.kongehuset.no/c27273/seksjonstekst_person/vis.html?tid=28744 Inge 13:14, 21 March 2007 (UTC)

Husband Behn
Behn now has published another book, upping the total count to 2; hence there should be no pressing need to mention meager output in article (re earlier edit). --Wernher 18:24, 21 Jan 2004 (UTC)

Her first name
Re: Princess Mäertha Louise of Norway (born September 22, 1971 in Oslo)

Princess Märtha Louise's first name is Märtha, not Mäertha. I've tried to rectify this several times now, but someone undoes this doing. It's a fact (check out the norwegian page) not vandalism. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Special:Contributions/ (talk)
 * The vandalism was your insulting her. Someguy1221 22:50, 20 August 2007 (UTC)

Style, title
Why do we use the word style to refer to her title? Why not title?--Filll 13:32, 20 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Style (noun) is a synonym of "title." Why it's used here, er, I have no idea.  Someguy1221 07:01, 1 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Style is not a synonym of title. Style is a manner of adress (Her Highness for example), while "princess" is a title. Surtsicna (talk) 19:33, 30 September 2008 (UTC)

Astarte
The new school that the princess is said to have started is supposed to teach persons how to get in touch with their "angels." Without digressing into religious arguments about this, are teachings like this allowed by Christians? No mention of her work with horses leading her to her "revelation?"

The name "Astarte" is questionable, also. Does it have American origins or influences?

Can someone expand on this? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.245.123.17 (talk) 11:38, 2 October 2007 (UTC)

As noted in this very website, Astarte is an ancient Middle Eastern godess of fertility and other things feminine. Sort of a prototype for Aphrodite, Venus et al. This might fit in the article, or maybe not. Cranston Lamont 19:27, 9 October 2007 (UTC)

 * As probably noted about everywhere, Astarte is supposed to teach someone to get in touch with his "angels," which infers Christianity. That's not American, true, but it's also not Christian.  This princess has said to have been widely criticized for starting this school, maybe the name itself is part of the problem.  Instead of finding your angels, you might find Bacchus or something.  Heaven forbid!  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.244.160.175 (talk) 04:29, 28 October 2007 (UTC)

Highness
The princess is specificaly not entitled to use "Her Highness" in Norway. As a courtesy it is allowed that she use "Her Highness" outside of Norway and that has been added to the Norwegian Royal Court's website as an extra courtesy to her, to avoid confusion since she in fact does use it abroad. I just spoke to the Royal Palace in Oslo, however, and it was confirmed to me again, in English this time, that it is not correct to write to her as "Her Highness". Anyone can phone there and find that out. It has been published many times that "Her Highness" is something the strong willed princess uses on her own, without any official sanction. SergeWoodzing (talk) 10:40, 9 July 2010 (UTC)
 * The official website calls her "Her Highness Princess Märtha Louise". I am not a blind follower of official websites but the matter seems rather clear this time. If she is only allowed to use it outside Norway, then the guest list in the Wedding of Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden, and Daniel Westling article should include it, shouldn't it? Surtsicna (talk) 10:48, 9 July 2010 (UTC)
 * If it is not correct to write to her as a highness then I feel it is not correct to write about her as one. But that's just one man's oponion. SergeWoodzing (talk) 12:46, 9 July 2010 (UTC)
 * That makes sense. If it only weren't this complicated. Surtsicna (talk) 13:26, 9 July 2010 (UTC)
 * The princess has the style of Highness as a male-line descendant of Christian IX of Denmark, as a princess of Denmark although that title is never used. Seven Letters 16:46, 9 July 2010 (UTC)

Photo

I replaced the 2007 photograph with the 2010 photograph. I hope that her missing hand is not a problem. I wonder who she is waving to. The *angels*, perhaps? Surtsicna (talk) 16:32, 5 August 2010 (UTC)

Pages for her children?
I created pages for her three children, but they have been deleted. Maybe an expert could recreate them? It would be nice if her children could have pages. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Alice.pinder (talk • contribs) 21:57, 18 November 2012 (UTC)

 * Why should there be articles about her daughters? They are not notable. They are 8/6/4-year-olds who go to school or nursery and who have a very remote possibility of succeeding to a throne. Nothing else was said about them in those articles anyway and I doubt anything more could be said. Surtsicna (talk) 21:58, 18 November 2012 (UTC)
 * Princess Märtha Louise no longer has the title Her Royal Highness, only Her Highness and she and her family is not officially considered to be part of the royal family. Her children have no titles at all and are totally private citizens so I think they are very far from being notable for Wikipedia. But a nice thought. Sorry you did the work in vain. Regards, Iselilja (talk) 23:31, 18 November 2012 (UTC)

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ä vs æ?
Why is her name written with an "ä"? I have understood that Norway uses "æ" instead. As far as I know she is not Swedish or German, where "ä" is used. 85.76.98.224 (talk) 08:59, 30 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Most likely because she was named for her Swedish grandmother, Princess Märtha of Sweden Piratesswoop (talk) 23:25, 30 May 2020 (UTC)

Not nobility
Categorized today as Norwegian nobility though she is Norwegian royalty which cannot be equated to nobility. I will revert this again unless someone can come up with any reason why it should not be reverted. --SergeWoodzing (talk) 21:29, 6 January 2022 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Princess Märtha Louise of Norway


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Talk:Mette-Marit, Crown Princess of Norway

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Holon (philosophy)

A holon is something that is simultaneously a whole in and of itself, as well as a part of a larger whole. In this way, a holon can be considered a subsystem within a larger hierarchical system.

The holon represents a way to overcome the dichotomy between parts and wholes, as well as a way to account for both the self-assertive and the integrative tendencies of organisms. Holons are sometimes discussed in the context of self-organizing holarchic open (SOHO) systems.

The word holon (ὅλον) is a combination of the Greek holos (ὅλος) meaning 'whole', with the suffix -on which denotes a particle or part (as in proton and neutron). Holons are self-reliant units that possess a degree of independence and can handle contingencies without asking higher authorities for instructions (i.e., they have a degree of autonomy). These holons are also simultaneously subject to control from one or more of these higher authorities. The first property ensures that holons are stable forms that are able to withstand disturbances, while the latter property signifies that they are intermediate forms, providing a context for the proper functionality for the larger whole.

History
The term holon was coined by Arthur Koestler in The Ghost in the Machine (1967), though Koestler first articulated the concept in The Act of Creation (1964), in which he refers to the relationship between the searches for subjective and objective knowledge:

"Einstein's space is no closer to reality than Van Gogh's sky. The glory of science is not in a truth more absolute than the truth of Bach or Tolstoy, but in the act of creation itself. The scientist's discoveries impose his own order on chaos, as the composer or painter imposes his; an order that always refers to limited aspects of reality, and is based on the observer's frame of reference, which differs from period to period as a Rembrant nude differs from a nude by Manet."Koestler would finally propose the term holon in The Ghost in the Machine (1967), using it to describe natural organisms as composed of semi-autonomous sub-wholes (or, parts) that are linked in a form of hierarchy, a holarchy, to form a whole. The title of the book itself points to the notion that the entire 'machine' of life and of the universe itself is ever-evolving toward more and more complex states, as if a ghost were operating the machine.

 * The first observation was influenced by a story told to him by Herbert A. Simon—the 'parable of the two watchmakers'—in which Simon concludes that complex systems evolve from simple systems much more rapidly when there are stable intermediate forms present in the evolutionary process compared to when they are not present.
 * The second observation was made by Koestler himself in his analysis of hierarchies and stable intermediate forms in non-living matter (atomic and molecular structure), living organisms, and social organizations.

title: Holon (philosophy)


text:
User:Nanshu/Translation

Reconstruction of non-Chinese terms from Chinese sources
Chinese characters are, undoubtedly, the worst writing system to transcript foreign words. The reading of each character depends on time and place. We often find it difficult to reconstruct non-Chinese terms from Chinese sources, especially if the languages are dead, but Mandarin readings are different beyond recognition from those of old Chinese. In Wikipedia I try to use original spellings at least for Mongolian and Manchu, but adopt Pinyin for other languages.

Disclaimer: My adoption of Pinyin does not mean my support for PRC's policies.

Translation of Chinese names and titles

 * 都尉 du1 yu4 - Defender
 * 都元帥 du1 yuan2 shuai4 - Commander-in-Chief
 * 監軍 jian1 jun1 - Army-inspecting Censor (Ming)
 * 經略 jing1 lüe4 - Military Commissioner
 * 郡 jun4 - Commandery
 * 太守 tai4 shou3 - Governor
 * 衛 wei4 - Guard (Ming)
 * 游擊 you1 ji2 - Mobile Corps Commander
 * 總兵官 zong3 bing1 guan1 - Regional Commander

The titles of the Manchu imperial family and Mongol (and some Muslim) princes
need translation

Notes on Mongolian Romanization
I apply the Cyrillic script to Mongolian names related to Outer Mongolia after the Mongolian Revolution.

Transcription of the traditional Mongolian script

 * romanize vowel + gh + vowel or vowel + g + vowel to vowel + vowel if pronounced as a long vowel today.
 * romanize round vowels except on a first syllable to u if male, ü if female.
 * respect original spellings of foreign origin words (esp. Tibetan).

The above rules are not applied to the Todo script.

Exceptions for popular words
 * Khan (spelling: Khaghan, my romanization: Khaan)

 * Hothot (Köke Khota)

title: User:Nanshu/Translation


text:
Talk:4004 BC

Ussher chronology
Why the redirect? I think this article should have been left as it was. That IS Bishop Ussher's date, it's a historical fact (that he said it, not that the creation occured then). RickK 01:57 13 Jul 2003 (UTC)
 * The bit about Ussher belongs either on the year in question (specifically on October 23), or not under any date. I'd be tempted to go with something like "alleged creation of the universe, according to Bishop Ussher and put the rest of it in an article about that person. Or we could go with the scientific consensus and not put it under the year, only in an article about Ussher: that's not a fact about the year 4004 BC, it's a guess that's off by approximately 13.5 billion years. Vicki Rosenzweig 03:15 13 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * One solution would be to add a redirect hatnote to Ussher chronology at the top of 5th millennium BC, which I've done. -- œ ™ 03:08, 7 March 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:4004 BC


text:
Talk:September 7

1920 – Savoia flying boats
I'm no Wikipedia expert, but the 1920 entry for Savoia flying boats crashing in the Alps has no link to the subject of the factoid. It links to SIAI-Marchetti with no further information about the specific model airplane, links to the Swiss Alps, and links to the Finnish Air Force. Shouldn't there be a link to a page offering more information about the actual event? Eltrace (talk) 14:02, 7 September 2016 (UTC)

The release of Shoot 'Em Up
While well sourced, it seems to me that the release of this movie on this date is nothing short of fan WP:TRIVIA. Toddst1 (talk) 19:02, 5 October 2018 (UTC)

Holidays OL of Covadonga
The linked article says Sept 8. So either it is wrong or she shouldn't be here today.--2607:FEA8:D5DF:FEF6:802:1700:38B0:C8C (talk) 10:32, 7 September 2019 (UTC)

Melchior Grodziecki
With Istvan Pongracz and Marko Krizin listed here, is there any reason why Melchior Grodziecki is not listed here? These three are commemorated together and are always listed together elsewhere.--2607:FEA8:D5DF:FEF6:802:1700:38B0:C8C (talk) 12:24, 7 September 2019 (UTC)
 * although the Jesuits themselves seem to celebrate them on Jan 19 under the title Martyrs of the Reformation. http://www.sjweb.info/resources/saintslistall.cfm?Criteria=M  and http://jesuitinstitute.org/Pages/Liturgy/Calendar.htm --2607:FEA8:D5DF:FEF6:802:1700:38B0:C8C (talk) 12:24, 7 September 2019 (UTC)
 * should be added 142.163.194.97 (talk) 14:44, 6 September 2021 (UTC)
 * yes — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2607:FEA8:FF01:78AF:A7:5B0F:9DEA:8D1A (talk) 01:38, 6 September 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 9 September 2019
Add a Date. National Mr. Sanders Day- Texas Gdubz23 (talk) 19:01, 9 September 2019 (UTC) ❌ WP:NN / unsourced request. See WP:NLIST. Toddst1 (talk) 20:36, 9 September 2019 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 18 October 2019
1971 Gene Pritsker American composer ComposersConcordance (talk) 10:27, 18 October 2019 (UTC)
 * please provide a WP:RS per WP:V. Thanks, Willbb234Talk (please {{ping}} me in replies) 11:03, 18 October 2019 (UTC)

@Willbb234 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_Pritsker https://www.genepritsker.com/ — Preceding unsigned comment added by ComposersConcordance (talk • contribs) 11:08, 18 October 2019 (UTC)
 * please read WP:RS as Wikipedia is not a reliable source (RS). Also, the second source provided is a primary source, which is also not a WP:RS. Thanks, Willbb234Talk (please {{ping}} me in replies) 11:20, 18 October 2019 (UTC)

@Willbb234 how are these as sources https://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/13/arts/music/13abso.html?scp=1&sq=gene+pritsker&st=nyt

https://www.nytimes.com/2006/11/23/arts/music/23capo.html

https://www.nytimes.com/2010/02/24/arts/music/24absolute.html

http://jwilzewske.blogspot.com/2010/10/gene-pritsker-beautiful-heterodoxy.html

https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/arts/la-xpm-2013-oct-09-la-et-cm-bach-cds-notebook-20131009-story.html — Preceding unsigned comment added by ComposersConcordance (talk • contribs) 11:28, 18 October 2019 (UTC)
 * none mention that he was born on 7 September. Willbb234Talk (please {{ping}} me in replies) 11:51, 18 October 2019 (UTC)

@Willbb234 ah sorry about that - here are a few that do mention https://www.allaboutjazz.com/php/birthday.php?pg=251

https://www.allmusic.com/birthdate/1972-09-07

https://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Gene-Pritsker-Presents-Sound-Liberation-Birthday-Concert-at-Connellys-KLUB-45-20190807 — Preceding unsigned comment added by ComposersConcordance (talk • contribs) 12:02, 18 October 2019 (UTC)
 * One second. Willbb234Talk (please {{ping}} me in replies) 12:48, 18 October 2019 (UTC)

✅ — Preceding unsigned comment added by Willbb234 (talk • contribs)

Semi-protected edit request on 8 September 2020
Under Events, the entry "Bill Shoemaker beats Johnny Longden's record to become the winningest jockey in horse racing history at Del Mar racetrack" is missing a period at the end. 73.223.59.171 (talk) 02:19, 8 September 2020 (UTC)
 * ✅. ◢  Ganbaruby!   (Say hi!) 11:26, 8 September 2020 (UTC)

Please add to birthdays, 1904
Daniel Prenn, Russian-born German, Polish, and British tennis player (d. 1991)

--2604:2000:E010:1100:4145:8BA6:48D0:35F7 (talk) 22:34, 23 September 2020 (UTC)

gracie abrams
please add “Gracie Abrams” (singer-songwriter) to births year “1999” 2600:4041:7E:E800:B028:2928:444E:7846 (talk) 03:27, 19 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:September 7


text:
Jiu (river)

The Jiu (Zsil ; Schil or Schiel; Rabon) is a river in southern Romania. It is formed near Petroșani by the confluence of headwaters Jiul de Vest and Jiul de Est.

It flows southward through the Romanian counties Hunedoara, Gorj, Mehedinți and Dolj before flowing into the Danube near Zăval, a few kilometers upstream from the Bulgarian city of Oryahovo. It is 339 km long, including its source river, Jiul de Vest. It has a basin of 10430 km2. Its average discharge at the mouth is 97 m3/s.

The upper Jiu Valley, around Petroșani and Lupeni, is Romania's principal coal mining region.

Towns and cities
The following towns are situated along the Jiu, from source to mouth: Petroșani (Jiul de Est), Lupeni (Jiul de Vest), Bumbești-Jiu, Târgu Jiu, Turceni, Filiași, and Craiova.

Tributaries
The following rivers are tributaries of the Jiu (from source to mouth):

 * Left: Jiul de Est, Izvor, Polatiștea, Radul, Pârâul Alb, Păiușu, Chițiu, Sadu, Curpenoasa, Tetila, Iazu Topilelor, Hodinău, Amaradia (Gorj), Dâmbova, Cioiana, Gilort, Fratoștița, Cârnești, Răcari, Brădești, Amaradia (Dolj), Preajba, Lumaș, Leu, Gioroc
 * Right: Jiul de Vest, Cândețu, Murga Mică, Murga Mare, Dumitra, Cerbănașu, Bratcu, Porcu, Sâmbotin, Cartiu, Pietroasa, Șușița (Gorj), Tismana, Timișeni, Jilț, Ceplea, Șușița (Mehedinți), Motru, Bâlta, Racovița, Argetoaia, Raznic, Tejac, Ulm, Prodila

title: Jiu (river)


text:
Beer in China

Beer in China first was brewed in 7000 BC, and remained the dominant alcoholic beverage through the Han dynasty, after which it was eclipsed by the production of rice wine. Modern brewing appeared in the late 1800s, brought to China by Europeans who brewed pale lagers, such as Tsingtao. Both beer production and consumption of local and imported brands grew increasingly popular in the 20th century. In the 21st century, China became the world's largest consumer of beer, commercial scale brewing expanded, and craft beer began to spread beyond expatriate communities and make inroads amongst the Chinese population.

History
Production and consumption of beer in China has occurred for around nine thousand years, with recent archaeological findings showing that Chinese villagers were brewing beer-type alcoholic drinks as far back as 7000 BC on small and individual scales. Made with rice, honey, grape, and hawthorn fruits, this early beer seems to have been produced similarly to that of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. Ancient Chinese beer was important in ancestral worship, funeral and other rituals of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, and the beer was called as Lao Li (醪醴 in oracle bone script). However, after the Han dynasty, Chinese beer faded from prominence in favor of huangjiu, which remained the case for the next two millennia.

Pale lager
Modern beer brewing was not introduced into China until the end of 19th century, when Polish people established a brewery in Harbin, with another three following (also in Harbin), set up by Germans, Czechoslovaks and Poles respectively. Japanese also established in 1934 in Mukden Manchurian Beer, which later became Shenyang Snow Beer and then acquired in 1994 by China Resources Enterprises.

Craft beer
The emergence of craft beer in China started in the large metro areas including Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. Once primarily of interest to expat drinkers, local consumer interest in premium brands and local and imported craft beers is currently on the rise. However, Chinese government regulations have been cited as an obstacle facing new breweries or those wishing to expand bottling distribution.

Ingredients
Chinese beers often contain rice, sorghum and sometimes rye in addition to barley. Some beer is produced that uses bitter melon instead of hops as the bittering agent.

Chinese media reported in 2001 that as many as 95% of all Chinese beers contained formaldehyde, to prevent sedimentation in bottles and cans while in storage. This practice has now been made illegal.

Economy

Despite the fact that estimates say between one-third to half of East Asian people, including Chinese people, have Asian flush syndrome, which influences the ability to process alcohol, China is deemed the world's largest beer market in terms of global consumption, followed by the United States and Brazil.

Snow Beer, produced by CR Snow is the best-selling beer in China, holding 21.7% market share, having recently overtaken Tsingtao Beer, produced by Tsingtao Brewery, which is the brand most widely exported to other countries. Tsingtao Beer is brewed in the city of Qingdao (formerly spelled Tsingtao in EFEO Chinese transcription) which was a German base in the time of unequal treaties and late-colonial western influence in China. The Germans needed beer for their sailors, soldiers and traders, and production continued after they lost the city to the Japanese in World War I.

Apart from Tsingtao, other major Chinese brewing groups include China Pabst Blue Ribbon, Yanjing, Sie-Tang Lio and Zhujiang Beer. Many major international brewers now have interests in, or joint ventures with, Chinese breweries, and popular international brands such as Carlsberg are now produced in China. This gives them access to the Chinese market while providing capital and expertise to help upgrade local brewing standards, albeit at the cost of variety.

Beer is brewed in Hong Kong, which has a large brewery owned by San Miguel Corporation of the Philippines, as well as a microbrewery producing several beers for the local market.

Brewpubs are gaining popularity in China, primarily in major cities which have a resident western community, though there are a few exceptions in more remote locations like Bad Monkey Brewery in Dali Old Town, Yunnan. Shanghai Brewery, Boxing Cat Brewery, The BREW and Dr. Beer are some of the more prominent craft breweries in Shanghai. In Beijing, several craft breweries such as Great Leap Brewing, Jing-A Brewing, Panda Brew Pub, and Slow Boat Brewery have become staples in the local nightlife scene. Another popular brewpub is Kaiwei Beer House, a chain based in Wuhan. Craft beer festivals have been popularized since the early 2010s in Beijing and Shanghai. Two popular beer festivals in Shanghai, Shanghai International Beer Festival and Shanghai Beer Week, were both started in 2012.

In 2015 market share of imported beer reached 1.14% and volume increased by 58.9% to 538.5 million litres.

List of major Chinese beers
Note: This is a partial list of China's major breweries. The vast majority of China's breweries serve only their local vicinity.
 * Gleckes Beer (格力森啤酒)-北京格力森酒业有限公司
 * Hangzhou Qiandaohu Beer Co., Ltd. (杭州千岛湖啤酒有限公司) - producer of Cheerday Beer
 * Harbin Beer (哈尔滨啤酒)
 * Reeb (力波啤酒)
 * Snow beer (雪花啤酒)
 * Tsingtao Beer (青岛啤酒)
 * Yanjing Beer (燕京啤酒)
 * Zhujiang Beer (珠江啤酒)
 * China Pabst Blue Ribbon (蓝带啤酒)
 * Wusu Beer (乌苏啤酒) Xinjiang
 * Kingway Beer (金威啤酒)
 * Lushan Beer(庐山啤酒)
 * Shangri-La Beer(香格里拉啤酒)

Non-alcoholic beer
There is a growing consumer inclination towards less strong beer in China as health conscious individuals are seeking wholesome and lower caloric options in their choice of beer, and consumers who want low alcohol and healthier drinks are noted to be mainly young women. According to a study by market intelligence agency Mintel, China has the highest amount of product launches of low or zero alcohol beer (below 3.5 percent ABV) in the Asia Pacific region in 2016, and over one in four (29 percent) beers launched in China in that year, were of low or non alcoholic beers. Qingdao Beers launched the first non-alcoholic beer in China in 2012 with its product, 'Qingdao 0.00', that is brewed from Czech hops and Australian barley.

Jonny Forsyth, a global drinks analyst of Mintel firm, stated "..(the) research indicates that Chinese consumers, in general, prefer less strong beer in terms of ABV, compared to the global market". Consumers in china tend to gravitate towards tried and trusted brands for their purchases in low or non alcoholic beers, with big companies like Heineken and Qingdao enjoying massive support from consumers based on sales and annual profits.

title: Beer in China


text:
File:Florence Foster Jenkins Hölle Rache.ogg

Summary
Florence Foster Jenkins singing "Der Hölle Rache kocht in meinem Herzen" from Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's Die Zauberflöte.

Source: From the RCA CD, The Glory (????) of the Human Voice. Reproduced under fair use.

Fair use rationale for Florence Foster Jenkins
This is a sound sample from a commercial recording. Its inclusion in the article Florence Foster Jenkins" is claimed as fair use because:
 * It complies with guidelines as described at Music samples.
 * file was created in Ogg Vorbis format, with an average bit rate of 39kbit/s
 * it is a sample of 23 seconds which is 10.5% of the original recording of 3 minutes and 37 seconds (this is slightly more than 10% but I believe this increase does not violate the spirit of the media sample guidelines as none of the recording could be trimmed without loss of educational value)
 * its length and quality would not readily allow it to be used as a substitute for the original commercial recording
 * it is not replaceable with an uncopyrighted or freely copyrighted sample of comparable educational value.
 * it illustrates an educational article that specifically discusses the singer who is featured in the sample
 * it is believed that this sample will not affect the value of the original work or limit the copyright holder's rights or ability to distribute the original recording.

I believe the use of this sample is in good faith, and its inclusion enhances rather than reduces the commercial value of the recording from which it was drawn.


text:
Florence Foster Jenkins

Florence Foster Jenkins (born Narcissa Florence Foster; July 19, 1868 – November 26, 1944) was an American socialite and amateur soprano who became known, and mocked, for her flamboyant performance costumes and notably poor singing ability. Stephen Pile ranked her "the world's worst opera singer... No one, before or since, has succeeded in liberating themselves quite so completely from the shackles of musical notation."

Despite – or perhaps because of – her technical incompetence, she became a prominent musical camp cult-figure in New York City during the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s. Cole Porter, Gian Carlo Menotti, Lily Pons, Sir Thomas Beecham, and other celebrities were counted among her fans. Enrico Caruso reportedly "regarded her with affection and respect".

The poet William Meredith wrote that a Jenkins recital "was never exactly an aesthetic experience, or only to the degree that an early Christian among the lions provided aesthetic experience; it was chiefly immolatory, and Madame Jenkins was always eaten, in the end."

Personal life and early career
Narcissa Florence Foster was born July 19, 1868, in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, the daughter of Charles Dorrance Foster (1836–1909), an attorney and scion of a wealthy land-owning Pennsylvania family, and Mary Jane Hoagland Foster (1851–1930). Her only sibling, a younger sister named Lillian, died of diphtheria in 1883 at the age of eight.

Foster said her interest in public performance began when she was seven years old. A pianist, she performed at society functions as "Little Miss Foster", and gave a recital at the White House during the administration of Rutherford B. Hayes. Miss Foster attended the Moravian Seminary for Young Ladies in Bethlehem, Pa. from September 1881 to March 1882, where she was among 20 students in the “Fourth Room”. Shortly after 4:00 p.m. on Tuesday, December 20, 1881, F. Foster performed a vocal duet of “Two Merry Alpine Maids” as part of the annual Christmas service. Composed by Stephen Glover (1813–1870), this particular number was described by London’s Musical Herald as “a gay duet, with yodel and la la passages…” In a little under a year at the Bethlehem Female Seminary, Florence Foster paid over $100 for music instruction and sheet music (equivalent to almost $3,000 in 2023 dollars). Miss Foster’s interest in music is further evidenced by her purchase of hymnals. Additionally, she purchased books in mythology, elementary algebra, rhetoric, and history. Florence Foster did not graduate from the Bethlehem Female Seminary.

After graduating from high school, her hopes of studying music in Europe were dashed when her father refused permission and funding.

On July 11, 1883, ten days after the funeral of her sister and eight days before her 15th birthday, Florence married Dr. Francis Thornton Jenkins, a physician 16 years her senior, in Philadelphia (in 1880, the age of consent for marriage in Pennsylvania was ten). The following year, after learning that she had contracted syphilis from her husband, she ended their relationship and reportedly never spoke of him again.

Florence Foster Jenkins resided at The Newport, built in 1897 in Philadelphia at 1530–1532 Spruce Street, on the southeast corner of 16th. The 9-story luxurious high-rise is still in operation as of 2016. Years later, she claimed to have been granted a divorce decree on March 24, 1902, although no documentation of any such ruling has been found. She retained the Jenkins surname for the remainder of her life.

After an arm injury ended her aspirations as a pianist, Jenkins gave piano lessons in Philadelphia to support herself, but around 1900 she moved with her mother to New York City. In 1909, in her early forties, Jenkins met a 33-year-old British actor named St. Clair Bayfield; they began a vaguely defined cohabitation relationship that continued the rest of her life. Upon her father's death later that year, Jenkins became the beneficiary of a sizable trust, and resolved to resume her musical career as a singer with Bayfield as her manager. She began taking voice lessons and immersed herself in wealthy New York City society, joining dozens of social clubs. As the "chairman of music" for many of these organizations, she began producing lavish tableaux vivants, popular diversions in upper-crust social circles of that era. In each of these productions, Jenkins would cast herself as the main character in the final tableau, wearing an elaborate costume of her own design. In a widely republished photograph, Jenkins poses in a costume, complete with angelic wings, from her tableau inspired by Howard Chandler Christy's painting Stephen Foster and the Angel of Inspiration.

Jenkins began giving private vocal recitals in 1912 when she was 44 years old. In 1917, she became founder and President Soprano Hostess of her own social organization, the Verdi Club. Its membership quickly swelled to over 400; honorary members included Enrico Caruso and Geraldine Farrar. When Jenkins's mother died in 1930, additional financial resources became available for the expansion and promotion of her singing career.

Vocal career
According to published reviews and other contemporary accounts, Jenkins's proficiency at the piano did not translate well to her singing. She is described as having great difficulty with such basic vocal skills as pitch, rhythm, and sustaining notes and phrases. In recordings, her accompanist Cosmé McMoon can be heard making adjustments to compensate for her constant tempo variations and rhythmic mistakes, but there was little he could do to conceal her inaccurate intonation. She was consistently flat, sometimes considerably so. Her diction was similarly substandard, particularly with foreign-language lyrics.

The difficult operatic arias that Jenkins chose to perform—all well beyond her technical ability and vocal range—served only to emphasize these deficiencies. "There's no way to even pedagogically discuss it", said vocal instructor Bill Schuman. "It's amazing that she's even attempting to sing that music." The opera impresario Ira Siff, who dubbed her "the anti-Callas", said, "Jenkins was exquisitely bad, so bad that it added up to quite a good evening of theater ... She would stray from the original music, and do insightful and instinctual things with her voice, but in a terribly distorted way. There was no end to the horribleness ... They say Cole Porter had to bang his cane into his foot in order not to laugh out loud when she sang. She was that bad." Nevertheless, Porter rarely missed a recital.

The question of whether "Lady Florence"—as she liked to be called, and often signed her autographs —was in on the joke, or honestly believed she had vocal talent, remains a matter of debate. On the one hand, she compared herself favorably with renowned sopranos Frieda Hempel and Luisa Tetrazzini, and seemed oblivious to the abundant audience laughter during her performances. Her loyal friends endeavored to disguise the laughter with cheers and applause; they often described her technique to curious inquirers in "intentionally ambiguous" terms. For example, "her singing at its finest suggests the untrammeled swoop of some great bird". Favorable articles and bland reviews, published in specialty music publications such as The Musical Courier, were most likely written by her friends or herself. "I would say that she maybe didn't know [how badly she sang]", said mezzo-soprano Marilyn Horne. "We can't hear ourselves as others hear us." Nerve damage due to syphilis and its treatment (see below) may have physically compromised her hearing as well.

On the other hand, Jenkins refused to open her performances to the general public, and was clearly aware of her detractors. "People may say I can't sing", she once remarked to a friend, "but no one can ever say I didn't sing." She dismissed her original accompanist, Edwin McArthur, after catching him giving her audience "a knowing smile" during a performance. She went to great lengths to control access to her private recitals, which took place at her apartment, in small clubs, and each October at the Verdi Club's annual "Ball of the Silver Skylarks" in the Ritz-Carlton Hotel's Grand Ballroom. Attendance, by personal invitation only, was restricted to her loyal clubwomen and a select few others. Jenkins handled distribution of the coveted tickets herself, carefully excluding strangers, particularly music critics. "There's no way she could not have known", said Schuman. "No one is that unaware ... she loved the audience reaction and she loved singing. But she knew."

Despite her careful efforts to insulate her singing from public exposure, a majority of critics favored the view that Jenkins's self-delusion was genuine. "At that time Frank Sinatra had started to sing, and the teenagers used to faint during his notes and scream", McMoon told an interviewer. "So she thought she was producing the same kind of an effect." "Florence didn't think she was pulling anyone's leg", said opera historian Albert Innaurato. "She was compos mentis, not a lunatic. She was a very proper, complex individual." As an anonymous obituary writer later put it, "Her ears, schooled in constant introversion, heard only the radiant tones which never issued forth to quell the mirth of her audiences."

Her recitals featured arias from the standard operatic repertoire by Mozart, Verdi, and Johann Strauss; lieder by Brahms; Valverde's Spanish waltz "Clavelitos" ("Little Carnations"); and songs composed by herself and McMoon. As in her tableaux, she complemented her performances with elaborate costumes of her own design, often involving wings, tinsel, and flowers. She would perform "Clavelitos" dressed as Carmen, complete with castanets and a wicker basket of flowers, clicking the castanets and tossing the flowers one by one. When she ran out of flowers, she flung the basket too—and then the castanets. Her fans, aware that "Clavelitos" was her favorite song, would usually demand an encore, prompting her to send McMoon into the audience to retrieve flowers, basket, and castanets so that she could sing the number again.

Once when a taxi in which she was riding collided with another car, Jenkins let out a high-pitched scream. Upon arriving home, she went immediately to her piano and confirmed (at least to herself) that the note she had screamed was the fabled F above high C, a pitch she had never before been able to reach. Overjoyed, she refused to press charges against either involved party, and even sent the taxi driver a box of expensive cigars. McMoon said neither he "nor anyone else" ever heard her actually sing a high F, however.

At the age of 76, Jenkins finally yielded to public demand and booked Carnegie Hall for a general-admission performance that took place on October 25, 1944. Tickets for the event sold out weeks in advance; the demand was such that an estimated 2,000 people were turned away at the door of the 2,800-seat venue. Numerous celebrities attended, including Porter, Marge Champion, Gian Carlo Menotti, Kitty Carlisle, and Lily Pons with her husband, Andre Kostelanetz, who composed a song for the recital. McMoon later recalled a moment: "[When she sang] 'If my silhouette does not convince you yet/My figure surely will' [from Adele's aria in Die Fledermaus], she put her hands righteously to her hips and went into a circular dance that was the most ludicrous thing I have ever seen. And created a pandemonium in the place. One famous actress had to be carried out of her box because she became so hysterical."

Since ticket distribution was out of Jenkins's control for the first time, mockers, scoffers, and critics could no longer be kept at bay. The following morning's newspapers were filled with scathing, sarcastic reviews that devastated Jenkins, according to Bayfield. "[Mrs. Jenkins] has a great voice", wrote the New York Sun critic. "In fact, she can sing everything except notes ... Much of her singing was hopelessly lacking in a semblance of pitch, but the further a note was from its proper elevation the more the audience laughed and applauded." The New York Post was even less charitable: "Lady Florence ... indulged last night in one of the weirdest mass jokes New York has ever seen."

Five days after the concert, Jenkins suffered a heart attack while shopping at G. Schirmer's music store, and died a month later on November 26, 1944, at her Manhattan residence, the Hotel Seymour. She was buried next to her father in the Foster mausoleum, Hollenback Cemetery, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania.

Possible influence of health problems
Some of Jenkins's performance difficulties have been attributed to untreated syphilis, which causes progressive deterioration of the central nervous system in its tertiary stage. Nerve damage and other morbidities caused by the disease may have been compounded by toxic side effects—such as hearing loss—from mercury and arsenic, the prevailing (and largely ineffective) remedies of the pre-antibiotic era. By the time penicillin became generally available in the 1940s, Jenkins's disease had progressed to the tertiary stage.

Audio
The only professional audio recordings of Jenkins consist of nine selections on five 78-rpm records (Melotone Recording Studio, New York City, 1941–1944), produced by Jenkins, at her expense, and sold to her friends at $2.50 a copy. The selections include four coloratura arias from operas by Mozart, Delibes, Johann Strauss II, and Félicien David, and five art songs, two written for Jenkins by her accompanist, Cosmé McMoon. Seven of the selections were released on RCA Victor LRT-7000, a 10-inch LP in 1954, and reissued on RCA Victor LM-2597, a 12-inch LP in 1962, The Glory (????) of the Human Voice (includes the non-Jenkins recording of A Faust Travesty by Jenny Williams and Thomas Burns).
 * A-side
 * 1) Mozart: "Queen of the Night aria", from The Magic Flute (in English)
 * 2) Liadoff: "The Musical Snuff-Box" (English version by Adele Epstein)
 * 3) McMoon: "Like a Bird" (words by Jenkins)
 * 4) Delibes: "Bell Song", from Lakmé (in French)
 * 5) David: "Charmant oiseau" (with flute and piano), from La perle du Brésil (in French)
 * 6) Bach/Pavlovich: "Biassy" (based on the prelude from Bach's Prelude and Fugue in G minor, BWV 861, words by Alexander Pushkin, in Russian)
 * 7) Johann Strauss II: "Mein Herr Marquis" (Adele's Laughing Song) from Die Fledermaus (English version by Lorraine Noel Finley)
 * B-side A Faust Travesty (from Gounod's Faust), Jenny Williams (soprano), Thomas Burns (piano)
 * 1) "Valentine's Aria" (Ere I leave my native land)
 * 2) "Jewel Song" (O heavenly jewels)
 * 3) "Salut, demeure" (Emotions strange)
 * 4) Final Trio (My heart is overcome with terror, sung as a duet)

The material has since been reissued in various combinations on four CDs: (2016 remaster, same contents as previous RCA Victor CD but includes an interview with Cosmé McMoon)
 * The Glory (????) of the Human Voice (RCA Victor Gold Seal,, 1992), a reissue of the 1962 RCA Victor album (including A Faust Travesty) with the song "Serenata Mexicana" by McMoon added.
 * The Truly Unforgettable Voice of Florence Foster Jenkins RCA Red Seal 88985319622)
 * Florence Foster Jenkins & Friends: Murder on the High Cs (Naxos Records,, 2003) contains the eight selections from the 1992 RCA reissue of Glory(????) plus "Valse Caressante" by McMoon.
 * The Muse Surmounted: Florence Foster Jenkins and Eleven of Her Rivals (Homophone Records,, 2004) includes one Jenkins song, "Valse Caressante", plus a brief interview with McMoon.

Film
Jenkins commissioned filming of her performances at the Verdi Club's signature annual event, the "Ball of the Silver Skylarks", held each October at the Ritz Carlton Hotel. All were thought lost until copies of the 1934 through 1939 and 1941 films were discovered in 2009. Jenkins historian Donald Collup has announced plans to feature excerpts from her filmed performances in an upcoming documentary.

Stage productions

 * Precious Few, a play about Jenkins and the English novelist Ronald Firbank, by Terry Sneed, premiered in 1994 at Wildwood Park for the Performing Arts in Little Rock, Arkansas.
 * Goddess of Song, a one-woman play by South African playwright Charles J. Fourie, performed by Carolyn Lewis, was staged in 1999 at the Coffee Lounge in Cape Town, South Africa.
 * Viva La Diva, by Chris Ballance, debuted in 2001 at the Edinburgh Fringe.
 * Souvenir: a Fantasia on Florence Foster Jenkins, by Stephen Temperley, opened off-Broadway at the York Theatre in 2004 with Jack Lee as Cosme McMoon and Judy Kaye as Jenkins. After an interim engagement at the Berkshire Theater Festival, it opened on Broadway at the Lyceum Theater in 2005, directed by Vivian Matalon and starring Donald Corren and Judy Kaye. Kaye summarized the difficulties of her role: "It's hard work to sing badly well. You could sing badly badly for a while, but you'll hurt yourself if you do it for long."
 * Glorious!, by Peter Quilter, opened in 2005 in London's West End with Maureen Lipman starring as Jenkins. It was nominated for an Olivier Award as Best New Comedy, and has since been performed in more than 40 countries in 27 languages.

Other media

 * In Red Dead Redemption 2, the character Chester Damson is said to be based on Florence Foster Jenkins
 * Anne McCaffrey's 1994 short piece "Euterpe on a Fling" is a fictional interview with Jenkins that drew from facts known about her life and career.
 * The biographical documentary Florence Foster Jenkins: A World of Her Own was released in 2007.
 * "Florence Foster Jenkins", a track on the 2009 self-titled album by the indie folk band Everyday Visuals, is "a salute to artists who stubbornly strive against long odds".
 * Jenkins was the subject of the "Not My Job" segment of NPR's radio program Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me! on October 25, 2009. NBC news anchor Brian Williams, the show's special guest, was asked a series of trivia questions about Jenkins, whom he nicknamed "Flo Fo". The broadcast took place in Carnegie Hall on the 65th anniversary of her performance there.
 * The 2015 French feature film Marguerite was loosely inspired by Jenkins's life and career.
 * Florence Foster Jenkins, a British bio-pic starring Meryl Streep in the title role, was directed by Stephen Frears and premiered in London on April 12, 2016, and in New York on August 12, 2016.  Streep was widely praised for her portrayal, and received an Academy Award nomination.

title: Florence Foster Jenkins


text:
User talk:Hephaestos/Archive20030712

Hiya, on the Bethel, Maine page, I've added some links. Did I do it appropriately? Thanks! Mkrose

Thanks for the formating on the John Denver page. I'm new at this, so I thought I'd start by filling in some info. Mkrose

Set forth with pride, and do your work. Let not the hardship of it kill your will. Take not pride in what you can do. Take pride in what you do.

Let the holy spirit of Hephaestos fill your heart. Let his joys take you. Divine smith and lord of the fire. Bringer of the tools that make us men.

If you meant that you were before your time, then I'd say you were spot on. But were you also not, However, Vulcan, indeed the Master Smith, and a preacher of personal ability as personal value? Syllogis would then move me to think that perhaps you inspired their actions, what with being all but their patron saint, hm? Bluedovich

I'm sorry, I seem to be a little down on my history. Exactly what did Hephaestos contribute to the boys of iron and bronze? Bluedovich
 * Nothing; that was before my time. - Hephaestos

You're out of line. If you have a problem with me, we can discuss it, but to go around making accusations and calling me names is not acceptable. -- Zoe

 * Excuse me, what "name" did I call you? Hephaestos

Why did you get rid of that Fungible article? it just needed reformatting. LittleDan

 * I guess we're just seeing things differently, and I can't say for sure which of us is right. It still looks like a dictionary def to me; I'm not aware of any commodities that aren't tradable. - Hephaestos

Hi, you have made very sensible edits in the past and wonder if you would mind looking at the Abortion page. I have gotten into an edit war with JTDIRL and would appreciate your take on it. The war is primarily about style -- I have tried to make the article less wordy and better organized. But I think there is an underlying NPOV issue -- not concerning the matter of abortion (pro vs. con) but concerning the role of wikipedia (to educate people about ongoing public debates over certain issues, or to provide logical arguments meant to provoke people's thoughts). Right now there is an extensive account in the Talk page; if you look at the article make sure to find out whose reversion it is. Well, I hope you are having a good holiday, if you celebrate it. Slrubenstein

 * Abortion, eh? As they say of New York, if I can make it there, I'll make it anywhere.  ;)  But sure, I'll give it a look.  Plenty of free time at the moment.  As to the role of Wikipedia, as I see it it's more the former as a rule; of course I haven't had a look at the article yet though...

 * (Ostara, Easter, Passover, decent weather in Minnesota for a change, everybody celebrates this one. *grin* Likewise.) - Hephaestos

Thanks for pointing out the addition of the exact date of death on G. I. Gurdjieff being new here I only saw a few biographies and they all had only years but I see that the recommended style in Manual of Style (biographies) is to put the full date if known and also to link the date and the year to their respective pages. Alex

I'm adding January 13/ January 14 as the days of Gurdjieff's birth. I think he states in Life is Real Only Then, When 'I Am' that he was born on the strike of midnight between Dec. 31 and Jan. 1 on the Julian Calendar. Which makes it January 13/January 14. I found the reference to 1966 as his year of birth from an article written by his son. Alex

I'm impressed with your ability to find dates of birth and death for such obscure people - and so quickly! Deb 20:09 Apr 24, 2003 (UTC)
 * Thanks. :-) Combination of what I guess one might call "Google-fu" along with a recollection of where I've found good stuff before. Those dates were from http://www.hostultra.com/~thepeerage/. Hephaestos 20:14 Apr 24, 2003 (UTC)

Please explain what Elizabeth Smart has to do with either capitalization or plurals. -- Zoe

 * Nothing. It has to do with moving pages and creating automatic redirects (as well as bringing talk pages along with the article). - Hephaestos

 * I couldn't do the move because the article was already in place. The redirect was the only way to do it without deleting, and I didn't want to do that because I didn't want to lose the talk history.  That was not a general rule thing, it was a specific case because of what was already in place there.  -- Zoe

 * The article was not already in place, or you wouldn't be the only one listed in the edit history. There is currently no talk history for Elizabeth Smart (kidnap victim). - Hephaestos

 * Fine. I'm a complete fraud.  I go around making up things, and lying all the time.  I'm just a horrible person.  Something like you.  -- Zoe

 * I don't think either of us is a "horrible person," although our approach to edits would seem to differ substantially. - Hephaestos

--

Hi. nice work merging Baron Haussmann. :-) -- Tarquin 08:17 Apr 26, 2003 (UTC)

 * Thanks. :-) I only just found the Duplicate articles page recently; I'll probably be working on it a good bit, since the copyedits I'd been doing before were dependent on the search function being operational. - Hephaestos 17:56 Apr 26, 2003 (UTC)

Hi, H. You must have been waiting for days for me to finish the halfpenny article! Thanks for the picture. -- Arwel 01:30 Apr 29, 2003 (UTC)

In the common image with or without caption, I see no technical or other reason in favour of explicitly adding pixel widths to diversions. It only promotes errors (esp. so when images are modified), does not help at the Wikipedia end a bit, and really not much at the client end either, because the client needs to find the diversion height anyway. Oh yes, it also causes extra load on W. by having to support corrections and notes like this ;-) -- Egil 06:13 Apr 29, 2003 (UTC)

 * It's a concession for some browsers; here are a couple of example screenshots screenshots with the tag and without .  I agree though if the pixel width isn't specifically known for some reason (when replacing with a new image, for example) the tag would be better left out.  As long as the dimensions are correct, though, it shouldn't hurt to have them in. - Hephaestos 06:21 Apr 29, 2003 (UTC)

 * That behaviour I would treat as an outright browser bug, and it sort of seems a shame to compensate for bugs by adding features that makes maintenance harder.   -- Egil 15:58 Apr 29, 2003 (UTC)

I wouldn't want to see some sort of Wikipedia policy saying "you must add widths" or anything like that. Each browser has its own idiosyncracies and it's probably impossible to compensate for all of them (or, if possible, at least much more difficult as you noted).

There are three possibilities for any image:
 * 1) Incorrect width specification. This is the worst of the three, as it skews many browsers (but not all browsers; the images at John Marshall and Elbridge Gerry, for example, looked fine on my end the way Zoe originally had them).
 * 2) No width specification. Better, but throws off some browsers (like Omniweb).  I think this is fine for most articles, because as you said it's a bug.  However, folks who have this bug often find articles literally unreadable without a fix (for example, Hanno before I inserted widths ).
 * 3) Correct width specification. Best in a perfect world, but as you said, in practice it's a pain to put into every article.  I don't think most articles need it.  On the other hand, if the width is correct, it doesn't hurt anything until someone updates the image with one of a different size.  It seems to me that when this occurs, viewers of that article (which must have attracted some attention or the upload wouldn't have occurred; at least it will be on recent changes for a bit) can fix it on the fly as you did by taking the width tag out altogether. I think most articles with images will keep them almost indefinitely anyway; I don't see anyone coming up with "better" images for the Hanno article any time soon, for example, nor for the many national flags.

I've discussed this quite a bit earlier (it's in my talk archive if you're really bored *grin*) and am beginning to think it rates its own article in the Wikipedia namespace. - Hephaestos 17:00 Apr 29, 2003 (UTC)

- As many have before me, I was guilty of confounding Duns Scotus and John Scotus Eriugena. (They come up all the time at my house.) I corrected myself at Eriugena, but apparently not before you had added him to Duns. It looks like you caught it too, so I guess it's OK now. --- IHCOYC 19:26 Apr 30, 2003 (UTC)

 * Most of my edits today seem to have focused on style over substance. It may be a voice telling me to go work on my other article instead. <g> - Hephaestos 19:34 Apr 30, 2003 (UTC)

Heh, thanks for fixing the confusion re Mary Queen of Scots et al. -- Evercat 00:57 May 4, 2003 (UTC)

Hello. Next time you remove a copyright violation, could you please you use the boilerplate text and then list it on votes for deletion (Oprichinicks, in this case)? Thanks, Notheruser 17:28 May 4, 2003 (UTC)

 * Hmmmm, I thought that sort of deletion was frowned upon. I also thought the whole idea was to let the user who placed the infringing text know that they can still contribute original text in spite of their inappropriate action. I haven't seen many (if any) on-the-fly deletions for copyright infringements, but you've been here longer than I have. -- Notheruser 17:41 May 4, 2003 (UTC)

 * I tend to agree with your assessment; a newbie dumping copyrighted text into an article doesn't require a week long wait for deletion (IMO, at least). However, I think the prevailing ideal around here is to encourage contributions through a forgiving virtual slap on the wrist via the boilerplate text. I, too, haven't seen a discussion on it; I guess most are inclined to stick with the existing all-inclusive standard. -- Notheruser 17:58 May 4, 2003 (UTC)

 * A week to wait might be prudent. I had one of my articles nuked one time, but it was something I'd imported from a public domain source (and failed to cite).  It was ok except for the lack of a citation to prevent the problem in the first place.  Koyaanis Qatsi 16:51 22 Jun 2003 (UTC)

--- Re: moving Theodore Bilbo to Theodore G. Bilbo. Sure, sounds like a good idea, especially since I have been using the middle initial of other Mississippi governors

No prob about the X-15 pic, I knew I was taking too long looking for one :-). Philosophically, I think it's more user-appealing to have a color pic be the first one seen at the top of the article, so I'll put my in-flight image at the top and yours further down, take a look when it's done and see if you like it. Stan 21:18 May 4, 2003 (UTC)

You're a trier, I'll say that for you. Actually, I was guessing when I described John Gilpin as 18th century. That's the implication of what I read, but he could have been earlier. Deb 17:45 May 5, 2003 (UTC)

That was quick work with Una and the Lion! What other coin illo's have you got ready? :-) I'm working on the two guineas next... It never ceases to amaze me how quickly people improve on articles, and jump on vandalism on Wiki. Arwel 14:17 May 11, 2003 (UTC)

We are trying to increase the number of people who are Wikipedia Administrators. Until now, we've been relying on users to take the initiative to ask for this access themselves but this has resulted in a slow rate Admin rank expansion. So we've gone ahead and nominated and approved you and several other long-time users for the account upgrade. This means that your fellow Wikipedians feel that you are a responsible, well-known, and fair-minded user.

Agreeing to be an Administrator does not mean that you are expected to do any additional work above and beyond what you do now ; It just means that we trust you to to have certain privileges and responsibilities that can't be entrusted to random users (such as editing the Main Page, protected policy pages, or banning the IPs of vandals).

All we need from you now is your consent. You can either send an email to WikiEN-L (preferred) or simply state "I agree" on the bottom of this page.

-- Daniel Mayer (aka mav)

--

Congratulations, you are now a sysop! Please see Administrators for our sysop guidelines before using your new and amazing powers. --Eloquence 03:02 May 13, 2003 (UTC)
 * Will do; thanks! Hephaestos

That image of Samuel J. Tilden isn't working on my machine, which is a shame, because i have never seen his image, and i am quite curious. Is it my system that is at fault, or the image itself? Kingturtle 00:02 May 16, 2003 (UTC)
 * In Netscape 7.01, the article actually just shows the text: SamuelJTilden.jpeg. In Explorer 6.0, the image works fine. Kingturtle 00:22 May 16, 2003 (UTC)

- Where are you getting all those neat EC images? The source should be stated in the upload summary so that it becomes part of the image's description page. --mav

Thanks for the page fix Hephaestos :) -- sannse 06:52 17 May 2003 (UTC)

Good day Hephaestos. There are ramifications regarding two redirects you made late-April. It is not serious but the subjects are mixed up and I'd like to know your opinion before a move. See Talk:Pali_canon. Be well. Usedbook 17:44 26 May 2003 (UTC)

The Hallucinogen edit seems legit:. -- Notheruser 06:46 1 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Oops! Looks like you noticed, sorry. -- Notheruser 06:48 1 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * no problem :)

 * Heh. Multiple refreshes gave me the impression that you had reverted it a few times (not many posts this time of day/night) :)

 * The Style Manual for Biological Journals as "Prepared by the Committee on Form and Style of the Conference of Biological Editors of the American Institute of Biological Sciences" states at page 68, "Generic names used as vernacular names are neither italicized nor capitalized"
 * Since an other authoritative source has indicated that capitalization is usually done among ornithologists (though it is not a rule) I will leave birds alone ... for now.  ☮ Eclecticology 05:37 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * By "generic name" do they mean "bear", "American black bear", or both? Stan 06:02 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * I would guess that by "generic name" they mean Ursus, if it were used as a vernacular name. As, for instance, Gorilla is.  And Galago, sometimes.  And so forth. john 06:07 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

He just doesn't get it, does he? Koyaanis Qatsi 23:42 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)
 * *sigh* did you used to go through this? I can see why you "turned in your badge." - Hephaestos 23:46 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Sometimes, yes. It's frustrating.  Given some of his edit summaries, I've been tempted to write AOL to try to get them to cancel his account.  Koyaanis Qatsi 23:49 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)
 * The thought's crossed my mind too, but I haven't had time to compose a nice letter. <g> - Hephaestos 23:51 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

WOW, you certainly made a lot of edits within the last few minutes! What's up? Are you being really productive, or saving them up? :) MB 02:13 5 Jun 2003 (UTC)

I thought you were a bot! Because your coverage and speed is lightening-like! --Menchi 16:27 5 Jun 2003 (UTC)
 * <g> partly practice, but in this case mostly that I know what I'm going to change in each article ahead of time (although I do need to scan to make sure I'm not messing up the formatting. I might try my hand at a bot someday, but not today. - Hephaestos 16:36 5 Jun 2003 (UTC)

--

Great shirt on your user page! 172

The four-digit quotation mark character codes (e.g. &#8220;) are the correct ones. The three digit codes like &#147; are non-standard and only work in Windows. — Paul A 08:50 5 Jun 2003 (UTC)

-

Hello Hephaestos. Gaea is not a spelling mistake. That is another spelling for Gaïa (or Gaia) :-). Ant

 * Then, it is probably for the best :-) Thanks for your interest. Ant

Well, also, Jimbo is I guess the person he needs to talk to if he's ever going to be allowed to edit again, so it seemed perverse not to let him edit Jimbo's talk page. But yes, I thought it was funny too. :-) Koyaanis Qatsi

In case you didn't already know, I've created a group watchlist of sorts at Favorite pages of banned users to help with tracking when Michael is vandalizing (and any future vandals like him). So feel free too use it, I have already found it helpful, and please add to it when he vandalizes more. Thanks. MB 22:11 6 Jun 2003 (UTC)

I'm going to have to research all those bands and albums to put up a stub on them so maybe Michael will go away. I do think he's mentally ill, though, so I'm not sure it will work. Koyaanis Qatsi 01:32 8 Jun 2003 (UTC)
 * I'm dubious; the "years in music" pages would still be open for his misinformation. *shrug* - Hephaestos 01:34 8 Jun 2003 (UTC)
 * Good point. A problem without a solution.  Koyaanis Qatsi

Ed was around earlier today--I think it was today--but probably isn't any more. Koyaanis Qatsi

 * Magnus? Now him I haven't seen in months.  I wonder if he's well.  Koyaanis Qatsi 01:59 8 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Somehow I imagined Leadbeater's Possum to be a famous Leadbelly song. :-/ the uncultured, Koyaanis Qatsi 00:56 12 Jun 2003 (UTC)
 * I often don't know what they are until I get in there and copyedit. :)

Hephaestos 01:14 12 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Hey, Thanks for fixing up my bad spelling on the Seven habits page .. Karl Wick

Are you a trekker or a trekkie? *G* Mick 07:10 13 Jun 2003 (UTC)
 * Some, but not as much as I used to be. I'm also fascinated with small towns and their antics; see the picture at Rothsay, Minnesota. *grin* - Hephaestos 07:13 13 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Hey, that's nothing compared to the world's biggest ball of twine! Yuk, yuk...  Mick 08:10 13 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * By the way, Kirk never said he was from Riverside, just that he was from Iowa. The people of Riverside took it upon themselves to declare their town his birthplace, and it just kind of became accepted by fans :) Adam Bishop 07:17 13 Jun 2003 (UTC)

I created a hidden cell on top of the normal text box cell on the Current Events page. Edit the 'height' property (shouldn't take more than a few pixels) untill the body and text box text is staggered and you can easily tell them apart. It might not be the best solution for you, but it solves you very rare problem without affecting anyone else and keeping the sytle consistent (well, it will set everyone elses down by a few pixels too, but I doubt anyone will notice). -- stewacide 17:50 14 Jun 2003 (UTC)

-

It was a .gif with an incorrect extension. The other photos I moved during that period should be checked too, but I don't know what they were. I moved it as a result of a change in the software disallowing the display of off-site images as a result of the goatse vandal. Koyaanis Qatsi 18:19 14 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * It works for me on Moz 1.3 and IE 5.0 for win2000 (and IE is very picky about its .pngs). Have you refreshed your browser cache?  It may be pulling up the old, incorrect image.  Koyaanis Qatsi 18:41 14 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * The jpeg looks fine. I'm surprised photoshop said the png was still a .gif--I used photoshop to convert it to PNG-8 with a custom pallet of 18 colors.  Hm.  Koyaanis Qatsi 19:07 14 Jun 2003 (UTC)

You're still doing an amazing job with those dates. Deb 18:32 14 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Thanks for adding the correct quotes etc to the Town Musicians of Bremen page. I added the full fable but didn't correct the strange way the quotes came out. Thanks, it must have taken quite a while. Adrian Pingstone 20:42 15 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Jay-SUHS! You set a hard target for "wikify" :-D -- Cimon Avaro on a pogo stick 06:52 17 Jun 2003 (UTC)

You're too quick! Ingo Swan had gone by the time I opened it. jimfbleak 07:03 18 Jun 2003 (UTC)

You changed sodium bicarbonate to have a "see also: sodium bicarbonate." Is that what you meant to do? Koyaanis Qatsi 07:24 18 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Ahem. never mind, I see you took care of it already.  As you were.  ^_^  Koyaanis Qatsi

 * I get it: when you're tired, you function on a level that I do when well-rested. ;-)  Koyaanis Qatsi 08:17 18 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Unfortunately Hep, the PP comments fit a pattern, as does their behaviour. (See something left on my page). Taken together it bares all the hallmarks of a particular multiple banned user, albeit a variation on a well worn theme. :-( FearÉIREANN

You deleted AIDS Kills Fags Dead. Am I missing something? I restored it and listed it on VfD... Martin
 * Yes you're absolutely right, sorry for the extra work that caused. I could have sworn I saw an "N" next to it when it went through Recent Changes; maybe I was reading a line off. Thanks! - Hephaestos 14:27 20 Jun 2003 (UTC)

- Have you seen Z? Brilliant film. Koyaanis Qatsi 02:53 21 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * I should chase down a copy, too; it's been about 5 years since I've seen it. Koyaanis Qatsi 03:06 21 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Thankyou for supporting me, by the way. كسيپ Cyp 08:23 21 Jun 2003 (UTC)
 * My pleasure; I've seen you do some really good stuff here. - Hephaestos

About citing sources? Yes, that should have gone without saying but, uh, most of the CIA stuff I imported is improperly cited. Koyaanis Qatsi 17:10 22 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Ye gods, that catch on the 'letter Y' page was fast. How'd you do that? Phil Bordelon 06:00 23 Jun 2003 (UTC)
 * Just edited a page in an open window, linked a 'y' and did a preview. :) - Hephaestos
 * [/rimshot] No, really. I guess you were scoping the Recent Changes page; it just seemed really quick to me.  Anyways, thanks.  I should have checked that page. Phil Bordelon 06:05 23 Jun 2003 (UTC)
 * Yeah, I'd been watching you work on the Pie rule; never heard of it before. - Hephaestos
 * The pie rule rocks. We use it all the time, even in games that don't traditionally use it.  Even in something as contrived as Tic-Tac-Toe, it can make the game a lot more interesting, because the first player is no longer going to make a killer first move, thereby balancing out the experience. Phil Bordelon 06:28 23 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Hi from Adrian. I don't like what I'm seeing on the Hang gliding caption. I've left some text around the pics deliberately. My original first, then yours..... The text should normally be smaller on a caption than on the article text but yours is larger! Also there is no reason for brackets on 'Larger version', it's only a link. I have IE5.5 so maybe your browser is showing you something different to what I'm seeing. Comments? Best Wishes, Adrian Pingstone 10:25 23 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Hullo again. Thanks for your reply ......
 * Hm, that's odd. I was using css to get the text smaller, but I guess IE's not picking it up. I went ahead and put it back to smaller in HTML, if you would have a look and make sure it works now that would be great. (Either css or html works in my browser; unfortunately I've done quite a few pages the css way, but I'll switch to the html tags from now on.) I put the parentheses in to differentiate between the rest of the text for flow, but I'm not adamant about it, if you'd like to change that back that's fine. - Hephaestos 13:17 23 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * A quick note--IE is known broken for a large number of CSS "tricks"--and by "tricks" I really mean "design details which IE decides to ignore." So I'm not terribly surprised that IE messed up your style-sheeting; I assume you're using something like Mozilla or Opera or Safari (or Konqueror) which better handles the standard. Phil Bordelon 19:48 23 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Actually, IE 5.2 for Mac seems to be fine with it (at least the page in question). Yeah, I've got all of those; I usually use OmniWeb for the 'pedia though. - Hephaestos 19:53 23 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * IE for the Mac shares no code whatsoever with the Windows version, just the name. Crazy but true fact.  It also supported standards years ago that the Windows IE still hasn't gotten around to. Phil Bordelon 21:30 23 Jun 2003 (UTC)
 * All is well, the caption looks fine again, I would like to leave those brackets off (please).
 * Adrian Pingstone 14:11 23 Jun 2003 (UTC)

On your user-page you state that you have all night. I hope it won't take all night to fix the boat of michaelism. Staying out, but adoring your response. -- Cimon Avaro on a pogo stick 19:17 23 Jun 2003 (UTC)

I've never actually tried making Madeira cake with honey. The modern version (at least in the UK) tends to use only lemon for flavouring. I wondered whether to add a mention of that in the article, but I'm not that much of an expert. Deb 17:11 24 Jun 2003 (UTC)

I suppose I should thank the pseudo-bot for jacking my edit count up. :P -- goatasaur 04:04 25 Jun 2003 (UTC)

It's [nowiki]. Thanks. I couldn't remember the bloody tag to save my life. Phil Bordelon 06:32 25 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Hey...I didn't even notice there was already a previous/following emperor template thingy for the later Byzantine emperors, until you edited that Constantine XI page. I guess I might as well add that to all the ones I just added a list to :) Adam Bishop 01:51 26 Jun 2003 (UTC)

hello, can you see what my article on base2 number system is like and give some hints how to improve? here is my article

Good work on "Boxer". What do you think about moving that page to Boxer (disambiguation) and redirecting "Boxer" to "Boxing"? It seems that just about all the many boxer links you are fixing relate to Boxing. -- sannse 17:56 26 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Done. :)  Hopefully that will keep future work to a minimum. -- sannse 18:10 26 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Thank you for correcting my typing mistake at Sodomy. I'm just getting use to Wikipedia. Sue Michael Canuck

Great, now the Indonesians are hopping on the 419 bandwagon. Couldn't they just get their government to give them all tax breaks while spending like a freshman with his first credit card? Koyaanis Qatsi 05:20 28 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Really? I'm surprised; I thought everyone with an email address had gotten at least a dozen of the 419 scam spams.  Koyaanis Qatsi

Why did you delete My Iron Lung? Pizza Puzzle
 * Everything by that user gets reverted. This has been approved by Jimbo Wales.  Michael's articles are consistently, deliberately filled with misinformation for no other reason that to cause disruption to the 'pedia, and headaches for the others who would otherwise have to go back and fix his mess.  General consensus is that it is a more productive use of our time just to get rid of it than go over everything with a fine-toothed comb. - Hephaestos

Was it just me, or was that most recent "you're grounded" tirade by Michael/Unbanned User even less coherent than usual? -- John Owens 22:53 29 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Thanks alot Hephaestos. That is very nice, and a pretty flower. And tonight, I really need nice things to avoid just deleting my user page and going away. User:Anthere

Hi H -- thanks for all the help on the name change -- it was really sweet of you! JHK

As expressed earlier, I admire your copyediting ability, not just because they're decisively swift, but also accurate. But there's something you did I couldn't understand. See Talk:Abolition. --Menchi 07:40 2 Jul 2003 (UTC) - Since you reverted my redirect of Ford, could you please go back and correct the 41 remaining links that go there incorrectly instead of to Ford Motor Company. That was the work I was trying to avoid. (And no one has yet linked any article to ford in the sense of a river). Thanks, Rmhermen 20:29 2 Jul 2003 (UTC)

There are non-congressional medals of honor. Pizza Puzzle
 * That's good to know. When one of these gets its own article on the 'pedia, Medal of Honor can be made into a disambig page. - Hephaestos 16:16 7 Jul 2003 (UTC)

Ah. Thanks for the welcome. Strange Glue 22:56 11 Jul 2003 (UTC)

Man, you seem to be having trouble with that guy. What can be done to help? Dmsar 21:27 12 Jul 2003 (UTC)

Glad to see ya got that one nailed. So I'll look to you for advice as a newbie. I am not sure I wanna play around with redirects and such yet, but this soda water redirect from soda pop doesn't really seem appropriate, but I don't wanna screw something up.Dmsar 21:35 12 Jul 2003 (UTC)

title: User talk:Hephaestos/Archive20030712