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Richard Bruton

Richard Bruton (born 15 March 1953) is an Irish Fine Gael politician who has served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for Dublin Bay North since 2016, and previously from 1982 to 2016 for the Dublin North-Central constituency. He was the Chair of the Fine Gael parliamentary party from July 2020 to September 2023. He previously served as Minister for Communications, Climate Action and Environment from 2018 to 2020, Minister for Education and Skills from 2016 to 2018, Minister for Jobs, Enterprise and Innovation from 2011 to 2016, Deputy leader of Fine Gael from 2002 to 2010, Minister for Enterprise and Employment from 1994 to 1997 and Minister of State for Energy Affairs from 1986 to 1987. He was a Senator for the Agricultural Panel from 1981 to 1982.

Early and private life
Bruton was born in Dublin in 1953, but grew up in Dunboyne, County Meath. He is a son of Joseph and Doris Bruton. He was educated at Belvedere College, Clongowes Wood College, University College Dublin and Nuffield College, Oxford. At Oxford, he graduated with a MPhil in Economics, his thesis being on the subject of Irish public debt. He is a research economist by profession. After university he worked at the Economic and Social Research Institute. This was followed by two years in the tobacco company P. J. Carroll, before moving on to his final private sector job at CRH.

He is the younger brother of John Bruton, who was Taoiseach from 1994 to 1997.

Bruton is married to Susan Meehan; they have four children, two sons and two daughters.

Early political career: 1979–1992
Bruton was elected to Meath County Council in 1979 and was elected to Seanad Éireann in 1981, as a Senator for the Agricultural Panel. At the February 1982 general election, he was elected to Dáil Éireann as a Fine Gael TD for the Dublin North-Central constituency. After an initial period on the backbenches, Bruton was appointed Minister of State at the Department of Energy, following the dismissal of Edward Collins in September 1986. In opposition after 1987, Bruton served in a number of front bench positions including, Energy, Natural Resources, Health, Enterprise and Employment and Director of Policy. He was also the campaign manager for his brother John Bruton's successful party leadership bid in 1990.

Minister for Enterprise and Employment: 1994–1997
Following the 1992 general election, Fianna Fáil and the Labour Party formed a coalition government, which collapsed in 1994. Bruton then helped to negotiate the Rainbow Coalition between Fine Gael, the Labour Party and Democratic Left. In that government, his brother John Bruton became Taoiseach. Bruton was appointed as Minister for Enterprise and Employment.

Return to Opposition: 1997–2011
A return to opposition in 1997 saw Bruton become Opposition Spokesperson on Education and Science, a position he held until he was appointed Director of Policy and Press Director in a reshuffle in 2000. After losing the 2002 party leadership election to Enda Kenny, Bruton was retained on the front bench and promoted to Deputy leader as well as Spokesperson on Finance. After an unsuccessful leadership challenge in 2010, he was demoted to Spokesperson on Enterprise, Trade and Innovation.

Dublin City Council: 1999–2003
He was elected to Dublin City Council in 1999, representing the Artane local electoral area. He relinquished this seat when dual mandates were banned in 2003.

Fine Gael leadership election: 2002
Fine Gael had a disastrous election result at the 2002 general election; Bruton was one of the few frontbench Fine Gael TDs to retain his seat. The party lost 23 of its 54 TDs; party leader Michael Noonan soon resigned following the poll. Bruton stood as a candidate in the subsequent leadership election. He was defeated by Enda Kenny, but he was appointed Deputy leader of Fine Gael and Spokesperson for Finance, posts he maintained until 2010.

Deputy leader and Spokesperson on Finance: 2002–2010
Bruton was appointed Finance spokesperson in 2002. In that role he was a consistent critic of government economic policy. In particular, he warned about the government's overreliance on the property sector, and said that the government was ignoring the erosion of competitiveness and the loss of export market share as a growing construction sector temporarily insulated the economy from their effects. In 2006, he told the Dáil that the government had "doubled its dependence on the construction sector to support its revenue. A total of 25% of every tax euro spent by the government comes from the construction sector. We are not in a strong position; we are, in fact, in a vulnerable position".

Bruton raised concerns about the payment of benchmarking awards. In 2003, on behalf of Fine Gael, he proposed a motion that the payment of the remaining phases of benchmarking be suspended pending implementation of a serious reform package so that the €1.3 Billion cost of benchmarking would be matched by commensurate improvements in public services.

Fine Gael leadership challenge: 2010
On 14 June 2010, Bruton was sacked as Deputy leader and Spokesperson on Finance, by his leader Enda Kenny, after he informed his colleagues that he would be proposing a leadership challenge against Kenny. Kenny explained that he and Bruton had had a series of discussions in which Bruton said he had lost confidence in him. Kenny later told the media that "Richard's decision leaves me with no option but to relieve him of all his responsibilities". He also said that "some unnamed people have done huge damage to Fine Gael through their anonymous comments to the media which has resulted in an opinion poll dominating the news agenda". He then assigned responsibility for the Finance portfolio to Deputy Kieran O'Donnell.

The first TD to come out in support of Bruton before his sacking was frontbencher Fergus O'Dowd from County Louth. Nine other members of the front bench publicly expressed no confidence in Kenny's leadership. These included Leo Varadkar, Simon Coveney, Brian Hayes and Olivia Mitchell.

On 17 June 2010, a meeting of the parliamentary party was held and the 70 members cast their vote. The outcome was that the parliamentary party voted confidence in Enda Kenny as leader. Bruton then declined to comment as to whether he would serve in Kenny's front bench, despite saying earlier that it would be hypocritical to do so. On 1 July 2010, he was appointed by Kenny as Spokesperson on Enterprise, Trade and Innovation.

Minister for Jobs, Enterprise and Innovation: 2011–2016
Bruton was appointed by the new Taoiseach Enda Kenny as Minister for Jobs, Enterprise and Innovation on 9 March 2011.

Bruton launched the first annual Action Plan for Jobs in 2012. The Plan's high level target was to create 100,000 net new jobs by 2016. Bruton announced in May 2015, that the target to create 100,000 additional new jobs had been hit almost two years early. The Action Plan is based on setting realistic targets and focusing on them until the measures required are in place. In The Irish Times in early 2014, Stephen Collins wrote approvingly that "hundreds of commitments in the programme are steadily being delivered by Minister for Jobs Richard Bruton" and a year later described the annual plan which is "driven by Minister for Jobs Richard Bruton" as being "one of the outstanding success stories of the Coalition’s term". In an editorial the Irish Independent said that Bruton deserves credit for the manner in which the Action Plan for Jobs has been crafted and implemented across a range of government departments over the last three years. A review of the Action Plan for Jobs by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) concluded it had led to two significant developments in Irish public governance. One is a concerted whole of government policy implementation with political backing and oversight at the highest level. The other important development noted by the OECD is the rigorous quarterly monitoring and reporting system modelled on the troika programme.

While campaigning for the government before the European Fiscal Compact referendum on 17 May 2012, Bruton admitted on live radio the possibility of there being a second referendum if the Irish people voted "No".

Minister for Education and Skills: 2016–2018
Following the 2016 general election, there was a delay in government formation. On 9 May 2016, after talks had concluded on forming a new government, Enda Kenny appointed Bruton as Minister for Education and Skills. Bruton launched the first Action Plan for Education in September 2016. The Plan's high level ambition is to make Ireland's education and training system the best in Europe by 2026. Following the election of Leo Varadkar as Taoiseach, Bruton was reappointed as Minister for Education and Skills on 14 June 2017.

Minister for Communications, Climate Action and Environment: 2018–2020
After Minister Denis Naughten's resignation from government due to controversy surrounding the National Broadband Plan, Bruton became Minister for Communications, Climate Action and Environment on 11 October 2018. He was re-elected at the general election in February 2020,  but was not appointed to cabinet in the Government of the 33rd Dáil.

On 22 July 2020, Bruton was elected chair of the Fine Gael parliamentary party. He served as chair until September 2023, when he was succeeded by Alan Dillon.

On 5 September 2023, he announced that he would not be contesting the next general election.

title: Richard Bruton


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Talk:Creator deity

The use of J and E as sources is accademically contested
This article presents an extremely academically biased view of genesis in the bible it has been argued by scholars that genisis doesn’t have two creation myths but instead a single one that is told twice in variance as was common in other near eastern cultures of the time period this should be explained in the article that there are two views to this ps. before you bother me by asking me for a source just google it yourself! 93.106.143.242 (talk) 22:44, 2 December 2023 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Creator deity


text:
Joseph Oriel Eaton II

Joseph Oriel Eaton II (July 28, 1873 – 1949) was born in Yonkers, New York. At birth, he was named Harrison Eaton but his mother changed his name as a tribute, after Harrison's father, the painter Joseph Oriel Eaton I, died.

Joseph was raised in Cincinnati and attended Williams College in Massachusetts. He was one of the founders of Torbensen Gear and Axle Company which is known today as Eaton Corporation.

He was inducted into the Automotive Hall of Fame in 1983.

title: Joseph Oriel Eaton II


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Semyon Timoshenko

Semyon Konstantinovich Timoshenko (Семён Константинович Тимошенко; Семен Костянтинович Тимошенко; 18 February 1895 – 31 March 1970) was a Soviet military commander, Marshal of the Soviet Union, and one of the most prominent Red Army commanders during the Second World War.

Born to a Ukrainian family in Bessarabia, Timoshenko was drafted into the Imperial Russian Army and saw action in the First World War as a cavalryman. On the outbreak of the Russian Revolution he joined the Red Army. He served with distinction during the Russian Civil War and the subsequent Polish–Soviet War, which brought him into Vladimir Lenin's and Joseph Stalin's favour. Rapidly rising through the ranks, Timoshenko held several regional commands throughout the 1930s and survived the Great Purge. He led the Ukrainian Front during the Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939. In early 1940, Timoshenko took over the command of the Winter War in Finland from Kliment Voroshilov and turned the tide for the Soviets. In May 1940, he was named a Marshal of the Soviet Union and the People's Commissar for Defence. In the latter capacity, he took steps to modernise the Red Army and prepare for a likely war with Nazi Germany.

On the outbreak of the German invasion of the Soviet Union, Timoshenko was named chairman of the Stavka. Replaced by Stalin himself a month later, he went on to hold a series of important commands in the following year. In late 1941, he organised a major counter-offensive in Rostov, which brought him international renown. His fortunes had faltered by mid-1942, in particular after the overwhelming Soviet defeat at the Second Battle of Kharkov, and he was relieved from the command of the newly formed Stalingrad Front. He was recalled later that year and appointed commander of the Northwestern Front, and as a Stavka representative he oversaw and coordinated the activities of several fronts in various times during the last phase of the war, including the Leningrad, Volkhov, and North Caucasus Fronts and the Black Sea Fleet, and the 2nd and 3rd Ukrainian fronts.

After the war, Timoshenko held commands in several Soviet military districts until his effective retirement in 1960. He died in 1970 at the age of 75.

Early life
Born in Orman in the Akkerman uezd, Bessarabia Governorate of the Russian Empire (present-day Furmanivka, Odesa Oblast, Ukraine), to an ethnic Ukrainian family.

First World War
In 1914, he was drafted into the army of the Russian Empire and served as a cavalryman on Russia's western front in the First World War. Upon the outbreak of the Russian Revolution in 1917, he sided with the Bolsheviks, joining the Red Army in 1918 and the Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks) in 1919.

Russian Civil War
During the Russian Civil War of 1917–1923, Timoshenko served on various fronts. He fought against Polish forces in Kiev and then against Pyotr Wrangel's White Army and Nestor Makhno's Black Army. His most important encounter occurred at Tsaritsyn, where he commanded a cavalry regiment and met and befriended Joseph Stalin, who was responsible for the city's defense. The personal connection would ensure his rapid advancement after Stalin gained control of the Communist Party by the end of the 1920s. In 1920–1921, Timoshenko served under Semyon Budyonny and Kliment Voroshilov in the 1st Cavalry Army; Budyonny and Voroshilov became the core of the "Cavalry Army clique" which, under Stalin's patronage, would dominate the Red Army for many years. In April 1920, he was given command of the Sixth Division of the Red Cavalry, which was the first to attack the Polish army during the 'May offensive' launched by the Red Army during the Polish-Soviet War. On 29 May, the Sixth Division charged Polish trenches, taking heavy casualties for no gain, which convinced the Soviet commanders that charging trenches was pointless.

The 1930s
By the end of the civil and Polish–Soviet wars, Timoshenko had become the commander of the Red Army cavalry forces. Thereafter, under Stalin, he became Red Army commander in Byelorussia (1933); in Kiev (1935); in the northern Caucasus and then Kharkov (1937); and Kiev again (1938). In 1939, he was given command of the entire western border region and led the Ukrainian Front during the Soviet invasion of eastern Poland. He also became a member of the Communist Party's Central Committee. Due to being a loyal friend of Lenin and Stalin, Timoshenko survived the Great Purge to become the Red Army's senior professional soldier.

World War II: The Winter War
In January 1940, Timoshenko took charge of the Soviet armies fighting Finland in the Soviet-Finnish War. This began the previous November, under the disastrous command of Kliment Voroshilov. Under Timoshenko's leadership, the Soviets succeeded in breaking through the Finnish Mannerheim Line on the Karelian Isthmus. His reputation increased, Timoshenko was made the People's Commissar for Defence and a Marshal of the Soviet Union in May, replacing Marshal Voroshilov as the Minister of Defence.

British historian John Erickson has written:

Although by no means a military intellectual, Timoshenko had at least passed through the higher command courses of the Red Army and was a fully trained 'commander-commissar'. During the critical period of the military purge, Stalin had used Timoshenko as a military district commander who could hold key appointments while their incumbents were liquidated or exiled.

Timoshenko was a competent but traditionalist military commander who nonetheless saw the urgent need to modernise the Red Army if, as expected, it was to fight a war against Nazi Germany. Overcoming the opposition of other more conservative leaders, he undertook the mechanisation of the Red Army and the production of more tanks. He also reintroduced much of the traditional harsh discipline of the Tsarist Russian Army.

In June 1940, Timoshenko ordered the formation of the Baltic Military District in the occupied Baltic states.

1941–1942
In the weeks before the German invasion of the Soviet Union, Timoshenko and Zhukov were worried by reports that German planes were crossing the Soviet border at least 10 times a day, and on 13 June, they asked Stalin for permission to put the troops on the western border on high alert, but were overruled because Stalin was convinced that there would be no German invasion before spring 1942.

General Ivan Boldin, deputy commander on the western front, recounted in memoirs published 20 years later that early in the morning of the invasion, on 22 June, when several towns in Belarus, including Grodno, were being bombed, aircraft destroyed on the ground, troops were being strafed, and German paratroopers were landing behind Red Army lines, Timoshenko rang him with an instruction that "no action is to be taken against the Germans without our knowledge ... Comrade Stalin has forbidden to open artillery fire against the Germans". On 23 June, Timoshenko was named chairman of Stavka, the Soviet Armed Forces High Command. In July 1941, Stalin replaced Timoshenko as Defense Commissar and Stavka's chairman. At the same time, the Western Front was divided into three sectors, with Timoshenko put in command of the Central Front to supervise a fighting retreat from the border to Smolensk. The Northern Front was commanded by Voroshilov, and the Southwestern Front by Budyonny, both of whom were removed by Stalin after only a few weeks for incompetence. Timoshenko was transferred to Ukraine in September to replace Budyonny and restore order in the at the gates of Kiev. On 23 October, the Soviets made Timoshenko command the entire southern half of the Eastern Front and Georgy Zhukov command the northern half. In November and December 1941 Timoshenko organized major counter offensives in the Rostov region, as well as carving a bridgehead into German defenses south of Kharkiv in January 1942.

In May 1942, Timoshenko, with 640,000 men, launched a counter-offensive (the Second Battle of Kharkov) which was the first Soviet attempt to gain initiative in the springtime war. After initial Soviet successes, the Germans struck back at Timoshenko's exposed southern flank, halting the offensive, encircling Timoshenko's armies, and turning the battle into a major Soviet defeat.

The fact that he was the most senior Soviet army officer with a front line command during most of the first year after the German invasion turned Timoshenko, briefly, into an international celebrity, lionised in the US and UK in particular as a supposed military genius. According to an account written later in the war:

"Marshal Timoshenko flared up like a shooting star of unusual brightness against a sky that was more than commonly dark, and faded just as swiftly and unexpectedly. From June 1941 to about July 1942, so famous was he that foreigners, notably the Welsh and Irish, attempted to inch under his halo by finding their blood in him. The Welsh said that Timothy Jenkins was the Marshal's ancestor who had migrated to Russia to work as a mechanic and marry a Ukrainian girl. The Hibernians told a similar story about a certain Tim O'Shenko. In June 1942, an American humorist wrote: 'I am waiting to hear from the Poles, the Czechs, the Brazilians and the Greeks. Everybody wants to be a winner.' But just then, Marshal Timoshenko began his descent from glory." General Georgy Zhukov's success in defending Moscow during December 1941 had persuaded Stalin that he was a better commander than Timoshenko. On 22 July 1942, Stalin replaced Timoshenko with Vasily Gordov as Commander of the Stalingrad Front due to his failures up to that point in the war, making him Chairman of the High Command. He was called back into service as overall commander of the Northwestern Front between October 1942 and March 1943.

1943–1945
Nonetheless, Timoshenko continued active military action in the later phase of the war. From March 1943, he was appointed as a representative of STAVKA to coordinated the actions of a number of fronts. He took part in the development and conduct of some operations. From March to June 1943 Timoshenko coordinated the Volkhov and Leningrad fronts during the battles at the Leningrad sector. By December 1943 he coordinate the North Caucasian Front and the Black Sea Fleet, oversaw the liberation of the North Caucasus and Novorossiysk, the landing operation in Kerch Peninsula, paving the way for the liberation of Crimea later. From February to June 1944 he oversaw the actions of 2nd and 3rd Baltic fronts, including the Starorussko-Novorzhevskaya operation. From August 1944 until the end of the war he coordinate the actions of 2nd, 3rd and 4th Ukrainian fronts.

Timoshenko was awarded his first Order of Suvorov, 1st class due to the achievements in the Caucasus and the bridgehead in Crimea. After the Red Army liberated Chisinau on August 25 during the Jassy–Kishinev offensive, Timoshenko sent a telegram to Stalin which praised the achievement of the 2nd and 3rd Ukrainian fronts under his coordination and requested the promotion of their respective commanders, Malinovsky and Tolbukhin, to the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union. The commanders were indeed promoted, and Timoshenko was also awarded another Order of Suvorov, 1st class. On June 4, 1945, Timoshenko was awarded the Order of Victory for his contributions in the war.

In 1945, Timoshenko attended the Yalta Conference. A rumor started in the western press that Stalin had attacked Timoshenko, but was later disproved.

Between 15 August 1945 and 15 September 1945, Timoshenko traveled alone to review the Starye Dorogi displaced persons camp where Auschwitz concentration camp survivors recuperated after their liberation. Later, author Primo Levi (Prisoner 174517) wrote in The Truce of how the extremely tall Timoshenko "unfolded himself from a tiny Fiat 500A Topolino" to announce that the liberated survivors would soon begin their final journey home.

Postwar and death
After the war, Timoshenko was reappointed commander of the Baranovichi Military District (Byelorussian Military District since March 1946), then of the South Urals Military District (June 1946); and then the Byelorussian Military District once again (March 1949). In 1960, he was appointed Inspector-General of the Defence Ministry, a largely honorary post. From 1961 he chaired the State Committee for War Veterans.

Timoshenko died at Moscow on 31 March 1970 at the age of 75. He was honoured with a state funeral and was cremated on 3 April. The urn containing his ashes was buried in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis.

Assessment
Timoshenko was highly praised by his contemporary Marshal Georgy Zhukov. During a discussion with Stalin in 1941, Zhukov praised Timoshenko's conducts at Smolensk sector, claimed that he had done everything he could and gained the trust of the soldiers. After the war, Zhukov repeated his praise during an interview with Konstantin Simonov, claimed that Timoshenko was a strong-willed, educated and experienced military man. He was removed from the frontline duty not because of his capability, but mainly because people were upset with his defeat at Kharkov and Timoshenko himself did not attempt to curry favour with his superior.

General A.P. Pokrovsky, also in an interview with Simonov, gave a more multidimensional assessment of Timoshenko. Pokrovsky praised Timoshenko as a well-trained, hard-working commander and was proficient in military matters. However, Timoshenko had a deep distrust of the personnel of STAVKA, therefore he also worked with a separated group of trusted associates and double-checked the data gathered by both the STAVKA group and his own group. Pokrovsky commented that Timoshenko's method was "abnormal" although his desire for accurate information was reasonable. Sergei Shtemenko in his memoirs also recounted Timoshenko's hostile attitude towards High Command's personnels including Shtemenko himself, however their mutual relationship finally improved after some times working together.

There was a Marshala Tymoshenko Street in (the capital of Ukraine) Kyiv's Obolonskyi District. On 27 October 2022 the Kyiv City Council renamed this street to Levko Lukianenko Street.

In popular culture
During the war with Poland, Isaac Babel rode with a cavalry unit commanded by Timoshenko, who was then aged 25, and who appeared as a named character in at least two of the stories Babel wrote about his war experiences, one of which was originally published in Odessa under the title 'Timoshenko and Melnikov'. When the stories were republished, his name was changed to Savitsky, after Budyonny had denounced Babel's work as "slander" by a "literary degenerate." Babel's story My First Goose opens with this description:

"Savitsky, the commander of the Sixth Division, rose when he saw me, and I was taken aback by the beauty of his gigantic body. He rose – his breeches purple, his crimson cap cocked to one side, his medals pinned to his chest – splitting the hut in two like a banner splitting the sky. He smelled of perfume and the nauseating coolness of soap. His long legs looked like two girls wedged to their shoulders in riding boots."

In Babel's The Story of a Horse – originally 'Timoshenko and Melnikov', 'Savitsky' is described as having been removed from his command, and living with a Cossack woman, and is accused of having taken a white stallion that belonged a rival officer, who tries in vain to get it back.

In the Warner Bros. cartoon, Russian Rhapsody, a caricature of Adolf Hitler referred to Timoshenko as "that Irish general, Tim O'Shenko."

Soviet Union

 * Honorary revolutionary weapon – a sword with a nominal Order of the Red Banner (28 November 1920)

General sources

 * (1975, 2003)

title: Semyon Timoshenko


text:
Talk:Comoros

districts of the comoros
i would like to start an article about the administrative regions of the comoros. who can help me with the regions and names of the districts capitals? see: http://www.vidiani.com/maps/maps_of_africa/maps_of_comoros/detailed_political_and_administrative_map_of_comoros_with_cities_roads_and_airports_for_free.jpg Heule01 (talk) 10:53, 14 June 2015 (UTC)

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 * ✔ Correct url capture, but much later version to the one being cited. Replaced with older capture. Thanks, Cyberbot II. --Iryna Harpy (talk) 23:06, 31 March 2016 (UTC)

Wrong photo
The photo with text 'A view of Mutsamudu including mosque' does not show Mutsamudu, it's Domoni. Very typical the square and the round minaret and the peninsula. From each point at Mutsamudu you see the large container harbour. What to do now? Leave it as it is because nobody really knows the Comoros? Type Domoni instead of Mutsamudu? Or upload a real photo of Mutsamudu? --212.101.52.67 (talk) 22:13, 25 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Thanks for drawing our attention to this. Yes, the uploader has only identified it as being Anjouan. I've changed the caption to read as being a view of a coastal town in Anjouan including mosque. The only person in a position to verify where it is located is the photographer themselves, and that person is no longer active on Wiki Commons. Hopefully, this works as a satisfactory compromise. --Iryna Harpy (talk) 05:08, 2 August 2016 (UTC)

Arabic transliteration for Comorian
Can we get an Arabic transliteration for Comorian "Udzima wa Komori" added? Nicole Sharp (talk) 20:19, 3 September 2016 (UTC)

 * I can't find udzima in any of the online Swahili-English dictionaries. Caeruleancentaur (talk) 23:20, 5 June 2017 (UTC)

Check
Hey there is a bit in there that says that Mayotte voted for indipendence in 1974, could that be fact checked please. 莊子の蝶 (talk) 19:16, 24 November 2016 (UTC)
 * No, it says that Mayotte voted against independence. The Mayotte referendum was organised and conducted by France and deemed to be a flagrant breach of Comorian sovereignty: thus the claim was vetoed by the United Nations Security Council. --Iryna Harpy (talk) 21:07, 24 November 2016 (UTC)

Sources? 2A00:23C7:E284:CF00:59B8:7E4B:2A19:70BF (talk) 21:52, 15 November 2020 (UTC)

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Subdivisions?
Almost all countries in the world have a subdivision page on their english wiki, the Comoros don't. I see that under the french wiki they do (https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subdivisions_des_Comores), is there a reason why we don't have the same or is it just something that's missing? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.59.251.146 (talk) 21:49, 2 June 2017 (UTC)

Abolition
When did the French abolish slavery? 2A00:23C7:E284:CF00:59B8:7E4B:2A19:70BF (talk) 21:53, 15 November 2020 (UTC)

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First settlers
I have noticed some conflicting information in the history section

The first human inhabitants of the Comoro Islands are thought to have been Polynesian and Melanesian settlers, Malays and Indonesians, travelling by boat. These people arrived no later than the sixth century AD, the date of the earliest known archaeological site, found on Nzwani, although settlement beginning as early as the first century has been postulated.[12]

The islands of the Comoros were populated by a succession of peoples from the coast of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and the Persian Gulf, the Malay Archipelago, and Madagascar. Bantu-speaking settlers reached the islands as a part of the greater Bantu expansion that took place in Africa throughout the first millennium.

The first part claims that the first settlers were Polynesians and Melanesians. I assume they meant Austronesians as there is no way Pacific Islanders could settle the Comoros.

The second part (along with History of the Comoros) claims that the first settlers were African. Bobbbcat (talk) 07:06, 28 March 2018 (UTC)

Should "République fédérale islamique des Comores" be separate?
I found fr:République fédérale islamique des Comores is a separate article at FRwiki. If it should be separate on Enwiki, don't forget to redirect the forms at http://www.fss.aero/accident-reports/dvdfiles/ET/1996-11-23-ET.pdf page 97/99: "Republique Federale Islamique des Comores" WhisperToMe (talk) 06:35, 4 November 2019 (UTC)

Mythology in history section
Is it common for a history section to have so much "According to legend.." "According to mythology.."? It is certainly not the case for, for example, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia#History, which is based in historical evidence, not Aboriginal Australian religious beliefs.

Sorry I am just raising a possible problem, not presenting a solution. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2600:1700:3901:6370:e80c:b3e6:fb32:3060 (talk) 18:38, 22 November 2020 (UTC)

Proposed merge of Territory of Comoros into Comoros
Insufficient scope and content for standalone article, easily incorporated into the main Comoros article. --DoubleGrazing (talk) 12:41, 27 November 2020 (UTC) DoubleGrazing (talk) 12:41, 27 November 2020 (UTC)
 * There is scope for a standalone article at that title, but certainly the current one does not justify it. CMD (talk) 12:45, 27 November 2020 (UTC)
 * Support I was going to say the same as Chipmunkdavis, and the info that the islands were politically separated from Madagascar in 1946 should be imported because it's bizarre that it isn't already here. But I also took at Comoro Islands and History of the Comoros and found the information there. For a freestanding article on the Territory of the Comoros to exist, it would have to expand greatly on what's already in History of the Comoros, or even be split out from it as a main article. Largoplazo (talk) 14:17, 27 November 2020 (UTC)
 * Support merger. Mccapra (talk) 19:12, 27 November 2020 (UTC)

The Territory of the Comoro Islands needs a separate article Kanto7 (talk) 06:12, 1 December 2020 (UTC)
 * Support The administrative separation from Madagascar does not in the least justify a standalone article. --Lubiesque (talk) 00:11, 15 December 2020 (UTC)
 * Support. Pichpich (talk) 16:01, 23 December 2020 (UTC)

What an amateurish article
Migration from WHAT 'independent islands'? That's a meaningless statement. And what 'Swahili coast'? That's not a thing. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.12.23.104 (talk) 05:08, 3 June 2022 (UTC)
 * Migration from the Comoros, the subject of the article, though I saw how it could be confusing so I edited it. The Swahili coast is a thing about which there's a whole article based on reliable sources that refer to it as such. Largoplazo (talk) 09:21, 3 June 2022 (UTC)

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 * National anthem of the Comoros.ogg

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 * Comoros Product Exports (2019).svg

title: Talk:Comoros


text:
2003 Nova Scotia general election

The 2003 Nova Scotia general election was held on August 5, 2003, to elect members of the 59th House of Assembly of the Province of Nova Scotia, Canada. The ruling Progressive Conservative Party, led by Premier John Hamm, was reduced to a minority government.

Campaign
The election was called by Progressive Conservatives, who decided to hold a rare summer election in the hope of strengthening their hold on the legislature. Running against them were the New Democratic Party (NDP), led by Darrell Dexter, and the Liberal Party, led by Danny Graham.

Hamm's party ran on a policy of fiscal management, tax cuts, and on their record of fulfilling most of their promises. While the NDP agreed in principle to tax cuts, their main cause was the creation of a public auto insurance company. The Liberals were the only party to criticize the tax cuts.

For the most part, the campaign was quiet and uneventful. Hamm received criticism for a great number of spending programs, including a $150 tax rebate cheque sent to Nova Scotians right before the election. The party was also criticized for holding an election in the summer when most people have other concerns. Darrell Dexter's friendly, non-confrontational style, was popular with many voters, and was a marked change from his party's usually strident socialism. Danny Graham, a young leader, was popular, but failed to make much of a mark.

The election was considered a mild failure for the Liberals and Progressive Conservatives, and something of a success for the NDP.

This election is also notable for being one of the last Canadian provincial elections in which British subjects could vote (a tiny number can still vote provincially in Saskatchewan if they were qualified in 1971).

Results by party

 * The Marijuana Party did not contest the 1999 general election.

Retiring incumbents

 * Liberal
 * Don Downe, Lunenburg West
 * Jim Smith, Cole Harbour-Eastern Passage
 * Paul MacEwan, Cape Breton Nova

 * Progressive Conservative
 * Neil LeBlanc, Argyle
 * Muriel Baillie, Pictou West

 * New Democratic
 * Robert Chisholm, Halifax Atlantic
 * John Holm, Sackville-Cobequid

Nominated candidates
Legend bold denotes party leader † denotes an incumbent who is not running for re-election or was defeated in nomination contest

Valley

 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Annapolis
 * Frank Chipman 2,795 31.42%
 * Adrian Nette 1,395 15.68%
 * Stephen McNeil 4,522 50.83%
 * Harry Wilson 185 2.08%
 * Frank Chipman
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Clare
 * Marc Boudreau 1,456 25.26%
 * Don Melanson 760 13.19%
 * Wayne Gaudet 3,547 61.55%
 * Wayne Gaudet
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Digby-Annapolis
 * Gordon Balser 2,339 39.98%
 * Deborah Trask 755 12.90%
 * Harold Theriault 2,666 45.56%
 * Gordon D. Reid 91 1.56%
 * Gordon Balser
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Hants West
 * Ron Russell 3,871 46.15%
 * Sean Bennett 2,200 26.23%
 * Randy Matheson 2,118 25.25%
 * Connie Brauer 51 0.61%
 * Chummy Anthony 148 1.76%
 * Ron Russell
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Kings North
 * Mark Parent 4,063 50.20%
 * Jim Morton 2,340 28.91%
 * Michael Landry 1,533 18.94%
 * Ben Friesen 157 1.94%
 * Mark Parent
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Kings South
 * David Morse 3,347 37.65%
 * David Mangle 2,794 31.43%
 * Maura Ryan 2,682 30.17%
 * Victor Harris 67 0.75%
 * David Morse
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Kings West
 * Jon Carey 2,929 35.51%
 * Greg Hubbert 2,275 27.58%
 * Leo Glavine 3,045 36.91%
 * Jon Carey
 * }
 * Gordon Balser
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Hants West
 * Ron Russell 3,871 46.15%
 * Sean Bennett 2,200 26.23%
 * Randy Matheson 2,118 25.25%
 * Connie Brauer 51 0.61%
 * Chummy Anthony 148 1.76%
 * Ron Russell
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Kings North
 * Mark Parent 4,063 50.20%
 * Jim Morton 2,340 28.91%
 * Michael Landry 1,533 18.94%
 * Ben Friesen 157 1.94%
 * Mark Parent
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Kings South
 * David Morse 3,347 37.65%
 * David Mangle 2,794 31.43%
 * Maura Ryan 2,682 30.17%
 * Victor Harris 67 0.75%
 * David Morse
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Kings West
 * Jon Carey 2,929 35.51%
 * Greg Hubbert 2,275 27.58%
 * Leo Glavine 3,045 36.91%
 * Jon Carey
 * }
 * Jim Morton 2,340 28.91%
 * Michael Landry 1,533 18.94%
 * Ben Friesen 157 1.94%
 * Mark Parent
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Kings South
 * David Morse 3,347 37.65%
 * David Mangle 2,794 31.43%
 * Maura Ryan 2,682 30.17%
 * Victor Harris 67 0.75%
 * David Morse
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Kings West
 * Jon Carey 2,929 35.51%
 * Greg Hubbert 2,275 27.58%
 * Leo Glavine 3,045 36.91%
 * Jon Carey
 * }
 * David Mangle 2,794 31.43%
 * Maura Ryan 2,682 30.17%
 * Victor Harris 67 0.75%
 * David Morse
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Kings West
 * Jon Carey 2,929 35.51%
 * Greg Hubbert 2,275 27.58%
 * Leo Glavine 3,045 36.91%
 * Jon Carey
 * }
 * David Morse
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Kings West
 * Jon Carey 2,929 35.51%
 * Greg Hubbert 2,275 27.58%
 * Leo Glavine 3,045 36.91%
 * Jon Carey
 * }
 * Greg Hubbert 2,275 27.58%
 * Leo Glavine 3,045 36.91%
 * Jon Carey
 * }
 * Jon Carey
 * }
 * Jon Carey
 * }
 * Jon Carey
 * }
 * Jon Carey
 * }

South Shore

 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Argyle
 * Chris d'Entremont 2,345 47.99%
 * Charles Muise 595 12.18%
 * Aldric Benoit d'Entremont 1,946 39.83%
 * Neil LeBlanc †
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Chester-St. Margaret's
 * John Chataway 3,451 37.30%
 * Hinrich Bitter-Suermann 3,412 36.87%
 * Mitt Larsen 2,249 24.31%
 * Sue Gault 141 1.52%
 * John Chataway
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Lunenburg
 * Michael Baker 3,734 46.36%
 * Chris Heide 2,625 32.59%
 * Jim Davis 1,695 21.05%
 * Michael Baker
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Lunenburg West
 * Carolyn Bolivar-Getson 3,111 39.68%
 * David Ferguson 2,180 27.80%
 * John MacDonald 2,550 32.52%
 * Don Downe †
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Queens
 * Kerry Morash 2,721 44.19%
 * Vicki Conrad 2,300 37.35%
 * Win Seaton 1,137 18.46%
 * Kerry Morash
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Shelburne
 * Cecil O'Donnell 3,702 48.59%
 * Kendall Stoddard 810 10.63%
 * Clifford Huskilson 3,107 40.78%
 * Cecil O'Donnell
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Yarmouth
 * Richard Hurlburt 4,656 56.48%
 * Gillian Rowley 1,142 13.85%
 * Phil DeMille 2,446 29.67%
 * Richard Hurlburt
 * }
 * Chris Heide 2,625 32.59%
 * Jim Davis 1,695 21.05%
 * Michael Baker
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Lunenburg West
 * Carolyn Bolivar-Getson 3,111 39.68%
 * David Ferguson 2,180 27.80%
 * John MacDonald 2,550 32.52%
 * Don Downe †
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Queens
 * Kerry Morash 2,721 44.19%
 * Vicki Conrad 2,300 37.35%
 * Win Seaton 1,137 18.46%
 * Kerry Morash
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Shelburne
 * Cecil O'Donnell 3,702 48.59%
 * Kendall Stoddard 810 10.63%
 * Clifford Huskilson 3,107 40.78%
 * Cecil O'Donnell
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Yarmouth
 * Richard Hurlburt 4,656 56.48%
 * Gillian Rowley 1,142 13.85%
 * Phil DeMille 2,446 29.67%
 * Richard Hurlburt
 * }
 * Don Downe †
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Queens
 * Kerry Morash 2,721 44.19%
 * Vicki Conrad 2,300 37.35%
 * Win Seaton 1,137 18.46%
 * Kerry Morash
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Shelburne
 * Cecil O'Donnell 3,702 48.59%
 * Kendall Stoddard 810 10.63%
 * Clifford Huskilson 3,107 40.78%
 * Cecil O'Donnell
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Yarmouth
 * Richard Hurlburt 4,656 56.48%
 * Gillian Rowley 1,142 13.85%
 * Phil DeMille 2,446 29.67%
 * Richard Hurlburt
 * }
 * Kerry Morash
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Shelburne
 * Cecil O'Donnell 3,702 48.59%
 * Kendall Stoddard 810 10.63%
 * Clifford Huskilson 3,107 40.78%
 * Cecil O'Donnell
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Yarmouth
 * Richard Hurlburt 4,656 56.48%
 * Gillian Rowley 1,142 13.85%
 * Phil DeMille 2,446 29.67%
 * Richard Hurlburt
 * }
 * Cecil O'Donnell
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Yarmouth
 * Richard Hurlburt 4,656 56.48%
 * Gillian Rowley 1,142 13.85%
 * Phil DeMille 2,446 29.67%
 * Richard Hurlburt
 * }
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Yarmouth
 * Richard Hurlburt 4,656 56.48%
 * Gillian Rowley 1,142 13.85%
 * Phil DeMille 2,446 29.67%
 * Richard Hurlburt
 * }
 * Phil DeMille 2,446 29.67%
 * Richard Hurlburt
 * }
 * Richard Hurlburt
 * }
 * Richard Hurlburt
 * }
 * Richard Hurlburt
 * }
 * }

Fundy-Northeast

 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Colchester-Musquodoboit Valley
 * Brooke Taylor 4,695 64.34%
 * Kathryn Belzer 1,694 23.22%
 * Joan Barnhill 908 12.44%
 * Brooke Taylor
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Colchester North
 * Bill Langille 3,324 45.12%
 * Garfield Forrest 1,860 25.25%
 * John Davidson 2,183 29.63%
 * Bill Langille
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Cumberland North
 * Ernie Fage 4,609 61.95%
 * Kim Cail 1,105 14.85%
 * Marsh G. Fox 1,389 18.67%
 * Jason Blanch 337 4.53%
 * Ernie Fage
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Cumberland South
 * Murray Scott 4,898 71.69%
 * Scott McKee 745 10.90%
 * Harriet McCready 1,189 17.40%
 * Murray Scott
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Hants East
 * Mary Lou LeRoy 1,640 19.54%
 * John MacDonell 4,783 56.97%
 * Larry Matthews 1,866 22.23%
 * Ken Smith 106 1.26%
 * John MacDonell
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Truro-Bible Hill
 * Jamie Muir 3,862 47.11%
 * Jim Harpell 2,314 28.23%
 * Jeff Yuill 2,021 24.66%
 * Jamie Muir
 * }
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Cumberland North
 * Ernie Fage 4,609 61.95%
 * Kim Cail 1,105 14.85%
 * Marsh G. Fox 1,389 18.67%
 * Jason Blanch 337 4.53%
 * Ernie Fage
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Cumberland South
 * Murray Scott 4,898 71.69%
 * Scott McKee 745 10.90%
 * Harriet McCready 1,189 17.40%
 * Murray Scott
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Hants East
 * Mary Lou LeRoy 1,640 19.54%
 * John MacDonell 4,783 56.97%
 * Larry Matthews 1,866 22.23%
 * Ken Smith 106 1.26%
 * John MacDonell
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Truro-Bible Hill
 * Jamie Muir 3,862 47.11%
 * Jim Harpell 2,314 28.23%
 * Jeff Yuill 2,021 24.66%
 * Jamie Muir
 * }
 * Murray Scott
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Hants East
 * Mary Lou LeRoy 1,640 19.54%
 * John MacDonell 4,783 56.97%
 * Larry Matthews 1,866 22.23%
 * Ken Smith 106 1.26%
 * John MacDonell
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Truro-Bible Hill
 * Jamie Muir 3,862 47.11%
 * Jim Harpell 2,314 28.23%
 * Jeff Yuill 2,021 24.66%
 * Jamie Muir
 * }
 * John MacDonell 4,783 56.97%
 * Larry Matthews 1,866 22.23%
 * Ken Smith 106 1.26%
 * John MacDonell
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Truro-Bible Hill
 * Jamie Muir 3,862 47.11%
 * Jim Harpell 2,314 28.23%
 * Jeff Yuill 2,021 24.66%
 * Jamie Muir
 * }
 * John MacDonell
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Truro-Bible Hill
 * Jamie Muir 3,862 47.11%
 * Jim Harpell 2,314 28.23%
 * Jeff Yuill 2,021 24.66%
 * Jamie Muir
 * }
 * Jeff Yuill 2,021 24.66%
 * Jamie Muir
 * }
 * Jamie Muir
 * }
 * Jamie Muir
 * }
 * Jamie Muir
 * }
 * Jamie Muir
 * }

Central Halifax

 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Halifax Chebucto
 * Sandy Phillips 1,983 23.72%
 * Howard Epstein 3,682 44.04%
 * Kenzie MacKinnon 2,592 31.00%
 * Scott Higgins 103 1.23%
 * Howard Epstein
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Halifax Citadel
 * Jane Purves 2,466 30.27%
 * Peter Delefes 2,542 31.20%
 * Danny Graham 3,042 37.34%
 * James A. C. Marchoine 38 0.47%
 * Michael R. Patriquen 59 0.72%
 * Jane Purves
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Halifax Clayton Park
 * Mary Ann McGrath 3,034 34.37%
 * Roberta Morrison 2,312 26.19%
 * Diana Whalen 3,329 37.71%
 * Greg Lavern 152 1.72%
 * Mary Ann McGrath
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Halifax Fairview
 * Bruce MacCharles 1,684 22.45%
 * Graham Steele 3,439 45.85%
 * Susan Hayes 2,284 30.45%
 * David F. Boyd 94 1.25%
 * Graham Steele
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Halifax Needham
 * Linda Carvery 1,377 18.66%
 * Maureen MacDonald 3,709 50.26%
 * Mike Rogers 2,178 29.51%
 * Blair Baxter 116 1.57%
 * Maureen MacDonald
 * }
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Halifax Clayton Park
 * Mary Ann McGrath 3,034 34.37%
 * Roberta Morrison 2,312 26.19%
 * Diana Whalen 3,329 37.71%
 * Greg Lavern 152 1.72%
 * Mary Ann McGrath
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Halifax Fairview
 * Bruce MacCharles 1,684 22.45%
 * Graham Steele 3,439 45.85%
 * Susan Hayes 2,284 30.45%
 * David F. Boyd 94 1.25%
 * Graham Steele
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Halifax Needham
 * Linda Carvery 1,377 18.66%
 * Maureen MacDonald 3,709 50.26%
 * Mike Rogers 2,178 29.51%
 * Blair Baxter 116 1.57%
 * Maureen MacDonald
 * }
 * Bruce MacCharles 1,684 22.45%
 * Graham Steele 3,439 45.85%
 * Susan Hayes 2,284 30.45%
 * David F. Boyd 94 1.25%
 * Graham Steele
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Halifax Needham
 * Linda Carvery 1,377 18.66%
 * Maureen MacDonald 3,709 50.26%
 * Mike Rogers 2,178 29.51%
 * Blair Baxter 116 1.57%
 * Maureen MacDonald
 * }
 * Graham Steele
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Halifax Needham
 * Linda Carvery 1,377 18.66%
 * Maureen MacDonald 3,709 50.26%
 * Mike Rogers 2,178 29.51%
 * Blair Baxter 116 1.57%
 * Maureen MacDonald
 * }
 * Mike Rogers 2,178 29.51%
 * Blair Baxter 116 1.57%
 * Maureen MacDonald
 * }
 * Maureen MacDonald
 * }
 * Maureen MacDonald
 * }
 * Maureen MacDonald
 * }

Suburban Halifax

 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Bedford
 * Peter G. Christie 4,114 43.87%
 * Bob Watson 2,055 21.92%
 * Richard Zurawski 3,208 34.21%
 * Peter G. Christie
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Halifax Atlantic
 * Linda Mosher 2,996 33.68%
 * Michele Raymond 3,327 37.40%
 * Ian MacKinnon 2,382 26.78%
 * Gerald Rodgers 191 2.15%
 * Robert Chisholm †
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Hammonds Plains Upper Sackville
 * Barry Barnet 3,322 41.14%
 * Brenda Haley 2,229 27.60%
 * Pam Streeter 2,419 29.96%
 * Melanie Patriquen 105 1.30%
 * Barry Barnet
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Sackville-Cobequid
 * John Giannakos 2,426 28.37%
 * Dave Wilson 3,881 45.39%
 * Bob Harvey 2,147 25.11%
 * Michael D. Patriquen 97 1.13%
 * John Holm †
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Timberlea-Prospect
 * Barry Fraser 1,535 18.25%
 * Bill Estabrooks 5,049 60.01%
 * Bruce Holland 1,829 21.74%
 * Bill Estabrooks
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Waverley-Fall River-Beaver Bank
 * Gary Hines 3,141 37.67%
 * Percy Paris 2,778 33.31%
 * David E. Merrigan 2,240 26.86%
 * Heather Sawers 94 1.13%
 * Alex Neron 86 1.03%
 * Gary Hines
 * }
 * Brenda Haley 2,229 27.60%
 * Pam Streeter 2,419 29.96%
 * Melanie Patriquen 105 1.30%
 * Barry Barnet
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Sackville-Cobequid
 * John Giannakos 2,426 28.37%
 * Dave Wilson 3,881 45.39%
 * Bob Harvey 2,147 25.11%
 * Michael D. Patriquen 97 1.13%
 * John Holm †
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Timberlea-Prospect
 * Barry Fraser 1,535 18.25%
 * Bill Estabrooks 5,049 60.01%
 * Bruce Holland 1,829 21.74%
 * Bill Estabrooks
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Waverley-Fall River-Beaver Bank
 * Gary Hines 3,141 37.67%
 * Percy Paris 2,778 33.31%
 * David E. Merrigan 2,240 26.86%
 * Heather Sawers 94 1.13%
 * Alex Neron 86 1.03%
 * Gary Hines
 * }
 * Michael D. Patriquen 97 1.13%
 * John Holm †
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Timberlea-Prospect
 * Barry Fraser 1,535 18.25%
 * Bill Estabrooks 5,049 60.01%
 * Bruce Holland 1,829 21.74%
 * Bill Estabrooks
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Waverley-Fall River-Beaver Bank
 * Gary Hines 3,141 37.67%
 * Percy Paris 2,778 33.31%
 * David E. Merrigan 2,240 26.86%
 * Heather Sawers 94 1.13%
 * Alex Neron 86 1.03%
 * Gary Hines
 * }
 * Bill Estabrooks
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Waverley-Fall River-Beaver Bank
 * Gary Hines 3,141 37.67%
 * Percy Paris 2,778 33.31%
 * David E. Merrigan 2,240 26.86%
 * Heather Sawers 94 1.13%
 * Alex Neron 86 1.03%
 * Gary Hines
 * }
 * Gary Hines 3,141 37.67%
 * Percy Paris 2,778 33.31%
 * David E. Merrigan 2,240 26.86%
 * Heather Sawers 94 1.13%
 * Alex Neron 86 1.03%
 * Gary Hines
 * }
 * Alex Neron 86 1.03%
 * Gary Hines
 * }
 * Gary Hines
 * }
 * Gary Hines
 * }

Dartmouth/Cole Harbour/Eastern Shore

 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Cole Harbour
 * Brian Thomas 2,387 26.55%
 * Darrell Dexter 4,977 55.37%
 * Peter Foy 1,523 16.94%
 * Jessica Gould 102 1.13%
 * Darrell Dexter
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Cole Harbour-Eastern Passage
 * Henry McInroy 1,641 24.02%
 * Kevin Deveaux 3,997 58.50%
 * Brian Churchill 1,121 16.41%
 * Kallee A. McPherson 74 1.08%
 * Kevin Deveaux
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Dartmouth East
 * Terry Degen 3,107 34.80%
 * Joan Massey 3,272 36.65%
 * Debra Barlow 2,321 26.00%
 * Scott Anderson 98 1.10%
 * Hugo St-Onge 101 1.13%
 * Sebastien Theriault 28 0.31%
 * Jim Smith †
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Dartmouth North
 * Jane MacKay 1,900 26.54%
 * Jerry Pye 3,799 53.06%
 * Rosemary Godin 1,300 18.16%
 * Pat Gould 86 1.20%
 * Marc-Andre Roy 75 1.05%
 * Jerry Pye
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Dartmouth South-Portland Valley
 * Tim Olive 2,813 31.70%
 * Marilyn More 3,844 43.31%
 * Collin A. MacEachern 2,218 24.99%
 * Tim Olive
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Eastern Shore
 * Bill Dooks 3,073 45.02%
 * Sid Prest 2,427 35.56%
 * Randy Carter 1,326 19.43%
 * Bill Dooks
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Preston
 * David Hendsbee 1,361 32.77%
 * Douglas Sparks 1,331 32.05%
 * Keith Colwell 1,411 33.98%
 * Marc-Boris St-Maurice 50 1.20%
 * David Hendsbee
 * }
 * Sebastien Theriault 28 0.31%
 * Jim Smith †
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Dartmouth North
 * Jane MacKay 1,900 26.54%
 * Jerry Pye 3,799 53.06%
 * Rosemary Godin 1,300 18.16%
 * Pat Gould 86 1.20%
 * Marc-Andre Roy 75 1.05%
 * Jerry Pye
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Dartmouth South-Portland Valley
 * Tim Olive 2,813 31.70%
 * Marilyn More 3,844 43.31%
 * Collin A. MacEachern 2,218 24.99%
 * Tim Olive
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Eastern Shore
 * Bill Dooks 3,073 45.02%
 * Sid Prest 2,427 35.56%
 * Randy Carter 1,326 19.43%
 * Bill Dooks
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Preston
 * David Hendsbee 1,361 32.77%
 * Douglas Sparks 1,331 32.05%
 * Keith Colwell 1,411 33.98%
 * Marc-Boris St-Maurice 50 1.20%
 * David Hendsbee
 * }
 * Collin A. MacEachern 2,218 24.99%
 * Tim Olive
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Eastern Shore
 * Bill Dooks 3,073 45.02%
 * Sid Prest 2,427 35.56%
 * Randy Carter 1,326 19.43%
 * Bill Dooks
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Preston
 * David Hendsbee 1,361 32.77%
 * Douglas Sparks 1,331 32.05%
 * Keith Colwell 1,411 33.98%
 * Marc-Boris St-Maurice 50 1.20%
 * David Hendsbee
 * }
 * Sid Prest 2,427 35.56%
 * Randy Carter 1,326 19.43%
 * Bill Dooks
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Preston
 * David Hendsbee 1,361 32.77%
 * Douglas Sparks 1,331 32.05%
 * Keith Colwell 1,411 33.98%
 * Marc-Boris St-Maurice 50 1.20%
 * David Hendsbee
 * }
 * Bill Dooks
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Preston
 * David Hendsbee 1,361 32.77%
 * Douglas Sparks 1,331 32.05%
 * Keith Colwell 1,411 33.98%
 * Marc-Boris St-Maurice 50 1.20%
 * David Hendsbee
 * }
 * Keith Colwell 1,411 33.98%
 * Marc-Boris St-Maurice 50 1.20%
 * David Hendsbee
 * }
 * Marc-Boris St-Maurice 50 1.20%
 * David Hendsbee
 * }
 * David Hendsbee
 * }
 * David Hendsbee
 * }

Central Nova

 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Antigonish
 * Angus MacIsaac 4,256 41.64%
 * Terry O'Toole 1,755 17.17%
 * David Allister Cameron 3,650 35.71%
 * Gene Purdy 560 5.48%
 * Angus MacIsaac
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Guysborough-Sheet Harbour
 * Ron Chisholm 2,587 37.99%
 * Jim Boudreau 2,023 29.71%
 * Gordon MacDonald 2,199 32.30%
 * Ron Chisholm
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Pictou Centre
 * John Hamm 4,262 54.70%
 * Alexander MacIsaac 1,571 20.16%
 * Tim Daley 1,789 22.96%
 * Darryl Gallivan 170 2.18%
 * John Hamm
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Pictou East
 * Jim DeWolfe 3,295 44.15%
 * Bob Matheson 1,929 25.85%
 * John Fraser 2,239 30.00%
 * Jim DeWolfe
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Pictou West
 * Paul Veniot 2,530 32.68%
 * Charlie Parker 3,410 44.05%
 * Ed MacMaster 1,639 21.17%
 * Doug Corbett 163 2.11%
 * Muriel Baillie †
 * }
 * Ron Chisholm
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Pictou Centre
 * John Hamm 4,262 54.70%
 * Alexander MacIsaac 1,571 20.16%
 * Tim Daley 1,789 22.96%
 * Darryl Gallivan 170 2.18%
 * John Hamm
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Pictou East
 * Jim DeWolfe 3,295 44.15%
 * Bob Matheson 1,929 25.85%
 * John Fraser 2,239 30.00%
 * Jim DeWolfe
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Pictou West
 * Paul Veniot 2,530 32.68%
 * Charlie Parker 3,410 44.05%
 * Ed MacMaster 1,639 21.17%
 * Doug Corbett 163 2.11%
 * Muriel Baillie †
 * }
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Pictou East
 * Jim DeWolfe 3,295 44.15%
 * Bob Matheson 1,929 25.85%
 * John Fraser 2,239 30.00%
 * Jim DeWolfe
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Pictou West
 * Paul Veniot 2,530 32.68%
 * Charlie Parker 3,410 44.05%
 * Ed MacMaster 1,639 21.17%
 * Doug Corbett 163 2.11%
 * Muriel Baillie †
 * }
 * Jim DeWolfe
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Pictou West
 * Paul Veniot 2,530 32.68%
 * Charlie Parker 3,410 44.05%
 * Ed MacMaster 1,639 21.17%
 * Doug Corbett 163 2.11%
 * Muriel Baillie †
 * }
 * Charlie Parker 3,410 44.05%
 * Ed MacMaster 1,639 21.17%
 * Doug Corbett 163 2.11%
 * Muriel Baillie †
 * }
 * Doug Corbett 163 2.11%
 * Muriel Baillie †
 * }
 * Doug Corbett 163 2.11%
 * Muriel Baillie †
 * }
 * Muriel Baillie †
 * }

Cape Breton

 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Cape Breton Centre
 * Rita Tighe-MacLeod 373 4.81%
 * Frank Corbett 3,929 50.64%
 * Basil McGillivray 3,456 44.55%
 * Frank Corbett
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Cape Breton North
 * Cecil Clarke 3,754 43.46%
 * Cecil Snow 1,714 19.84%
 * Mike White 3,169 36.69%
 * Cecil Clarke
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Cape Breton Nova
 * Todd Marsman 684 9.85%
 * Gordie Gosse 3,168 45.61%
 * Mel Crowe 3,094 44.54%
 * Paul MacEwan †
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Cape Breton South
 * John Morrison 1,677 17.27%
 * Mike MacSween 2,759 28.41%
 * Manning MacDonald 5,275 54.32%
 * Manning MacDonald
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Cape Breton West
 * Ivan Doncaster 2,221 25.51%
 * Douglas MacKinlay 1,868 21.46%
 * Russell MacKinnon 4,616 53.03%
 * Russell MacKinnon
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Glace Bay
 * Mark Bettens 1,351 16.65%
 * Vince Hall 2,342 28.87%
 * Dave Wilson 4,420 54.48%
 * Dave Wilson
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Inverness
 * Rodney MacDonald 5,398 51.19%
 * Tim Murphy 1,277 12.11%
 * Debbie Gillis 3,871 36.71%
 * Rodney MacDonald
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Richmond
 * Richie Cotton 1,850 31.18%
 * Clair Rankin 1,036 17.46%
 * Michel Samson 3,047 51.36%
 * Michel Samson
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Victoria-The Lakes
 * Keith Bain 2,036 32.48%
 * Nancy MacKeigan 934 14.90%
 * Gerald Sampson 2,284 36.44%
 * Brian Boudreau 750 11.97% Stemer MacLeod 264 4.21%
 * Brian Boudreau
 * }
 * Paul MacEwan †
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Cape Breton South
 * John Morrison 1,677 17.27%
 * Mike MacSween 2,759 28.41%
 * Manning MacDonald 5,275 54.32%
 * Manning MacDonald
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Cape Breton West
 * Ivan Doncaster 2,221 25.51%
 * Douglas MacKinlay 1,868 21.46%
 * Russell MacKinnon 4,616 53.03%
 * Russell MacKinnon
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Glace Bay
 * Mark Bettens 1,351 16.65%
 * Vince Hall 2,342 28.87%
 * Dave Wilson 4,420 54.48%
 * Dave Wilson
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Inverness
 * Rodney MacDonald 5,398 51.19%
 * Tim Murphy 1,277 12.11%
 * Debbie Gillis 3,871 36.71%
 * Rodney MacDonald
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Richmond
 * Richie Cotton 1,850 31.18%
 * Clair Rankin 1,036 17.46%
 * Michel Samson 3,047 51.36%
 * Michel Samson
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Victoria-The Lakes
 * Keith Bain 2,036 32.48%
 * Nancy MacKeigan 934 14.90%
 * Gerald Sampson 2,284 36.44%
 * Brian Boudreau 750 11.97% Stemer MacLeod 264 4.21%
 * Brian Boudreau
 * }
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Glace Bay
 * Mark Bettens 1,351 16.65%
 * Vince Hall 2,342 28.87%
 * Dave Wilson 4,420 54.48%
 * Dave Wilson
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Inverness
 * Rodney MacDonald 5,398 51.19%
 * Tim Murphy 1,277 12.11%
 * Debbie Gillis 3,871 36.71%
 * Rodney MacDonald
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Richmond
 * Richie Cotton 1,850 31.18%
 * Clair Rankin 1,036 17.46%
 * Michel Samson 3,047 51.36%
 * Michel Samson
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Victoria-The Lakes
 * Keith Bain 2,036 32.48%
 * Nancy MacKeigan 934 14.90%
 * Gerald Sampson 2,284 36.44%
 * Brian Boudreau 750 11.97% Stemer MacLeod 264 4.21%
 * Brian Boudreau
 * }
 * Debbie Gillis 3,871 36.71%
 * Rodney MacDonald
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Richmond
 * Richie Cotton 1,850 31.18%
 * Clair Rankin 1,036 17.46%
 * Michel Samson 3,047 51.36%
 * Michel Samson
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Victoria-The Lakes
 * Keith Bain 2,036 32.48%
 * Nancy MacKeigan 934 14.90%
 * Gerald Sampson 2,284 36.44%
 * Brian Boudreau 750 11.97% Stemer MacLeod 264 4.21%
 * Brian Boudreau
 * }
 * Clair Rankin 1,036 17.46%
 * Michel Samson 3,047 51.36%
 * Michel Samson
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Victoria-The Lakes
 * Keith Bain 2,036 32.48%
 * Nancy MacKeigan 934 14.90%
 * Gerald Sampson 2,284 36.44%
 * Brian Boudreau 750 11.97% Stemer MacLeod 264 4.21%
 * Brian Boudreau
 * }
 * Michel Samson
 * bgcolor=whitesmoke|Victoria-The Lakes
 * Keith Bain 2,036 32.48%
 * Nancy MacKeigan 934 14.90%
 * Gerald Sampson 2,284 36.44%
 * Brian Boudreau 750 11.97% Stemer MacLeod 264 4.21%
 * Brian Boudreau
 * }
 * Gerald Sampson 2,284 36.44%
 * Brian Boudreau 750 11.97% Stemer MacLeod 264 4.21%
 * Brian Boudreau
 * }
 * Brian Boudreau 750 11.97% Stemer MacLeod 264 4.21%
 * Brian Boudreau
 * }
 * Brian Boudreau 750 11.97% Stemer MacLeod 264 4.21%
 * Brian Boudreau
 * }
 * }

title: 2003 Nova Scotia general election


text:
Lu Muzhen

Lu Muzhen (30 July 1867 – 7 September 1952) was the first wife of Chinese revolutionary Sun Yat-sen.

Background
Lu Muzhen was born on 30 July 1867. She married Sun in 1885 and bore him a son, Sun Fo, and two daughters, Sun Yan (孫延) and Sun Wan (孫琬). Due to her bound feet, she rarely accompanied Sun on his revolutionary campaigns.

After Sun divorced her in 1915 to marry Soong Ching-ling, she moved to Portuguese Macau, where she remained until her death on 7 September 1952.

title: Lu Muzhen


text:
Show and tell (disambiguation)

Show and tell is the practice of showing something to an audience and describing it to them.

Show and tell may also refer to:

Film and television

 * Show & Tell, a 1998 film featuring Marin Hinkle
 * Show & Tell (talk show), a 1990s Philippine TV series
 * Show and Tell, a 2011 British TV comedy chat show hosted by Chris Addison
 * "Show and Tell" (Stargate SG-1), a TV episode
 * "Show and Tell" (2 Stupid Dogs), a TV episode

Music

 * Show and Tell (The Birthday Massacre album), 2009
 * Show and Tell (Silvertide album), 2004
 * Show and Tell (Al Wilson album), 1973
 * "Show and Tell" (song), written by Jerry Fuller and first recorded by Johnny Mathis in 1972, also covered by various artists
 * "Show & Tell", a song by Cherish from the 2006 album Unappreciated
 * "Show & Tell", a song by Burna Boy from the 2019 album African Giant
 * "Show & Tell", a song by Melanie Martinez from the 2019 album K-12

Other uses

 * Show and Tell, a play by Anthony Clarvoe
 * Show and Tell, a 1991 children's book by Robert Munsch
 * Show'N Tell, a 1960s/70s record-playing toy

title: Show and tell (disambiguation)


text:
Moroni

Moroni may refer to:

 * Moroni (name)
 * House of Moroni, an Italian noble family
 * Moroni, Comoros
 * Moroni, Utah
 * Moroni (Book of Mormon prophet), a prophet in the Book of Mormon
 * Angel Moroni, the angel that Joseph Smith claimed visited him
 * Book of Moroni, a book of the Book of Mormon
 * Captain Moroni, a figure in the Book of Mormon
 * Moroni (footballer) (born 1961), Brazilian footballer

title: Moroni


text:
Programmed

Programmed may refer to:
 * Programmed (Innerzone Orchestra album), 1999
 * Programmed (Lethal album), 1990

title: Programmed


text:
Moroni, Comoros

Moroni (موروني) is the largest city, federal capital, and seat of the government of the Union of the Comoros, a sovereign archipelago nation in the Indian Ocean. Moroni means "at the river" (mroni in Shingazidja). Moroni is the capital of the semi-autonomous island of Ngazidja, the largest of the three main islands of the republic. The city's estimated population in 2003 was 41,557 residents. Moroni, which lies along the Route Nationale 1, has a port and several mosques such as the Badjanani Mosque.

History
The early history of Moroni is uncertain. The earliest written evidence for settlement in the Comoros Islands comes no earlier than the 7th century, possibly by Arab navigations and Bantu-speaking agriculturalists, while ceramic finds from the 7th to 10th century demonstrate that the Islands were part of the developing Swahili civilization, but when Moroni itself was first settled is not known.

By the middle of the second millennium, however, Moroni was clearly a well established town, engaged in trade networks throughout the Indian Ocean, and the Badjanani mosque, built in 1427, is a testament to the city's wealth, contemporary with the golden ages of other Swahili cities. Together with neighbouring port and royal capital Ikoni, Moroni was one of two centres of economic and political power of the kingdom of Bambao. Nevertheless, until the end of the nineteenth century it was just one of a number of large towns on the island, and it wasn't until the Sultan of Bambao, Said Ali ibn Said Omar, negotiated a treaty of Protectorate with France in 1886 that his town became the seat of the colonial administration.

Moroni grew slowly through the twentieth century for, although it was now the capital of Ngazidja, it was not the seat of the territorial administration, which was located at Dzaoudzi on Mayotte, and in 1958 its population was still only 6,545. However, in that same year the decision was taken to move the capital of the archipelago from Dzaoudzi to Moroni, and the town slowly grew to become the largest in the country.

An agreement on broad autonomy to the three islands was refused by the Anjouan representatives which resulted in an eruption of violence affecting Moroni in April 1999, during which Colonel Azali Assoumani assumed power in a coup d'état. In December 2003, the Moroni Agreement on Transition Agreements was signed by the island presidents of the Union of Comoros. In the run up to the 2006 elections, the government-owned Radio Ngazidja and private station Moroni FM were raided by armed assailants and forced off the air temporarily. In 2010, the U.S. Navy's Seabees constructed Hamramba School in Moroni as a humanitarian project, in partnership with the local military and Comoros' federal government; construction methods included mixing concrete by hand before using buckets and wheelbarrows to move the concrete to the school site.

Geography
The city is on the western coast of Ngazidja. Moroni has a rocky volcanic coastline, mostly without beaches. Settlements to the north of Moroni include Itsandra, Ntsoudjini, Ouellah, Bahani, Batsa, Vanambouani and Vanadjou, and to the south are Ikoni, Mvouni, Daoueni and Selea.

Landmarks
The historic town centre, the Medina, contains a maze of narrow alleys and ancient buildings but is poorly maintained. The old city centre is similar to but smaller than the old town of Lamu. There are many mosques, notably the Badjanani Mosque or Ancienne Mosquée de Vendredi (old Friday mosque), which is the oldest mosque in the Medina. It was originally built in 1427, and a minaret was added in 1921. The 300-seat theatre of the Alliance Franco-Comorienne serves as a venue for national and international performances, ceremonies, conferences, film screenings, and seminars. Other venues include the 700-seat Al-Kamar, the 500-seat Palais du Peuple, and the 300-seat Foyer des Jeunes de Foumbouni.

Moroni has a few hotels and nightclubs. The nearby Karthala volcano is also an attraction for hiking when the volcano is dormant.

Climate
Moroni features a tropical rainforest climate (Af), with generally heavy precipitation throughout the year—only October sees on average less than 100 mm of rain (roughly 98 mm). The average annual rainfall is 2700 mm and it rains during all months of the year. The monsoon season lasts from November to April. Humidity is in the range of 69 to 79 percent. Moroni's average temperatures throughout the year are relatively constant with a high in the range of 32 - 34 C and a low in the range of 14 - 20 C. The region experiences frequent cyclones and as the islands are located more than 10 degrees below the equator in the western part of the Indian Ocean, the climate is generally termed as "maritime tropical".

Mount Karthala
Moroni is situated at the foot of Mount Karthala, 10 km northwest from the volcano's crater. The 2361 m high active volcano is reported to be one of the largest active volcanoes in the world, with a diameter of about 1 mi, and erupting approximately every eleven years over the past two hundred years. The eruption of 2005 caused displacement of a large number of people due to volcanic ash.

Wildlife
The volcano which forms the backdrop of the Moroni city has numerous bird species including Comoro pigeon, Karthala scops owl, Comoro cuckoo-roller, Comoro drongo, Comoro thrush, Comoro bulbul, Humblot's flycatcher, Comoro cuckoo-shrike, Kirk's white-eye, Karthala white-eye, Comoro brush-warbler, Comoro green sunbird, and Comoro fody.

Demographics
, Moroni had a population of about 54,000. Sunni Muslims account for 98%, and there is a minority of Roman Catholics. The official languages of the Comoros are Shikomori (a Bantu language closely related to Swahili), Arabic and French.

Places of worship
Among the places of worship, they are predominantly Muslim mosques. There are also Christian churches and temples : Apostolic Vicariate of the Comoros Archipelago (Catholic Church), Protestant churches, Evangelical Churches.

Economy
Goods produced on the island are vanilla, soft drinks, processed and distilled essential oils, metal and wood products, and processed pozzolana (cement); these are exported from the port. The tourist infrastructure is poorly developed. Financial institutions include Banque Centrale des Comores, Banque de Development des Comores, and Banque pour Industries et le Commerce. There are several markets in Moroni, including the old market and the larger market at Volo Volo in the north of the city.

Transport
The country's civil aviation authority, Ministère des Postes et Télécommunications de la Promotion des Nouvelles Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication chargé des Transports et du Tourisme, is located in Moroni, as is the National Agency of Civil Aviation and Meteorology. Moroni is served by the Prince Said Ibrahim International Airport, located at Hahaya, about 15 km north of the town. However, there are no direct flights to Europe. It is a civilian airport at an elevation of 28 m and has a paved runway which has dimensions of 2900 x 45 m. Airlines which operate international flights to this airport are Ethiopian airlines, Air Tanzania, Air Austral and Kenya Airways. However, between the islands the local airlines, Int'Air Iles and AB Aviation operate.

On 30 June 2009, Yemenia Flight 626, en route from Yemen to Moroni, crashed into the Indian Ocean with 153 passengers and crew on board, many from France. There is a major harbour though small in size with regular transport to the African mainland and the other islands in the Comoros archipelago, as well as Madagascar and other Indian Ocean islands. The port is a small quay of 80 m with a draught of 3.5 m, and hence is not suitable for large ships to enter as coral reefs pose a threat to safety. It supports a maximum vessel size of 150 m. The channel depth is 24.4 m, with an anchorage depth of 23.2 m, a cargo pier depth of 4.9 m and a terminal depth of 4.9 m. Within the harbour's mini industrial zone, a local container terminal was managed by Gulfcom Port Management SA between 2006 and 2012, after which Bolloré Africa Logistics won the concession and will partner with Cofipri, a Luxembourg investment company. Storage facilities such as warehouses have been established to facilitate imports and exports and also for petroleum storage.

title: Moroni, Comoros


text: Wikipedia:WikiProject Mathematics/List of mathematics articles (J–L)


text: Wikipedia:WikiProject Mathematics/List of mathematics articles (M–O)


text: Wikipedia:WikiProject Mathematics/List of mathematics articles (P–R)


text: Wikipedia:WikiProject Mathematics/List of mathematics articles (S–U)


text:
Peter Dodds McCormick

Peter Dodds McCormick (28 January 1833 – 30 October 1916) was an Australian schoolteacher and songwriter, known for composing the Australian national anthem, "Advance Australia Fair". He published under the pseudonym Amicus, Latin for "friend".

Early life
Peter Dodds McCormick was born to Peter McCormick and Janet (Dodds) at Port Glasgow, Scotland in 1833.

Biography
Peter completed an apprenticeship as a joiner in Scotland before emigrating to Sydney (at that time the principal city of the British colony of New South Wales) on 21 February 1855. He initially worked as a joiner for "some years".

McCormick spent most of his work life employed by the NSW Education Department. In 1863 he was appointed teacher-in charge at St Mary's National School. McCormick married Emily Boucher, a sewing teacher, on 16 July 1863, who died on 11 March 1866, aged 22. He remarried, to Emma Elizabeth Dening, on 22 December 1866. He also taught at the Presbyterian Denominational school in the Sydney suburb of Woolloomooloo in 1867. McCormick then moved to Dowling Plunkett Street Public School in 1878 where he remained until 1885.

McCormick was heavily involved in the Scottish Presbyterian Church and was active in a number of community and benevolent organisations. He began his involvement with Sydney's St Stephen's Church as a stonemason, working on the now demolished Phillip Street Church (where Martin Place now stands). The Rev Hugh Darling was so impressed with his singing on the job he asked him to join the choir. McCormick's musical ability led him to becoming the precentor of the Presbyterian Church of NSW, which gave him the opportunity to conduct very large massed choirs. He was also convenor of the Presbyterian Church Assembly's Committee on Psalmody.

Also a talented composer, he published around 30 patriotic and Scottish songs, some of which became very popular. Included in his collected works was "Advance Australia Fair", which was first performed in public by Andrew Fairfax at the St Andrew's Day concert of the Highland Society on 30 November 1878.

"Advance Australia Fair" became quite a popular patriotic song. The Sydney Morning Herald described the music as bold and stirring, and the words "decidedly patriotic" – it was "likely to become a popular favourite". Later under the pseudonym Amicus (which means 'friend' in Latin), he had the music and four verses published by W. H. Paling & Co. Ltd. The song quickly gained popularity and an amended version was sung by a choir of 10,000 at the inauguration of the Commonwealth of Australia on 1 January 1901. In 1907, the New South Wales Government awarded McCormick £100 for his patriotic composition which he registered for copyright in 1915.

In a letter to R. B. Fuller Esq., dated 1 August 1913, McCormick described the circumstances that inspired him to pen the lyrics of his famous song:

One night I attended a great concert in the Exhibition Building, when all the National Anthems of the world were to be sung by a large choir with band accompaniment. This was very nicely done, but I felt very aggravated that there was not one note for Australia. On the way home in a bus, I concocted the first verse of my song & when I got home I set it to music. I first wrote it in the Tonic Sol-fa notation, then transcribed it into the Old Notation, & I tried it over on an instrument next morning, & found it correct. Strange to say there has not been a note of it altered since. Some alteration has been made in the wording, but the sense is the same. It seemed to me to be like an inspiration, & I wrote the words & music with the greatest ease.

Death
McCormick died in 1916, aged 83, at his home, Clydebank, in the Sydney suburb of Waverley and he was buried at Rookwood Cemetery. He had no children; he was survived by his second wife Emma. His obituary in the Sydney Morning Herald stated: "Mr. McCormick established a reputation with the patriotic song, Advance Australia Fair, which ... has come to be recognised as something in the nature of an Australian National Anthem".

The song was performed by massed bands at the Federal capital celebrations in Canberra in 1927. In 1984 it was formally declared as the Australian national anthem, replacing God Save the Queen.

title: Peter Dodds McCormick


text: Wikipedia:WikiProject Mathematics/List of mathematics articles (V–Z)


text:
Prometea

Prometea (born May 28, 2003), a Haflinger foal, is the first cloned horse and the first to be born from and carried by its cloning mother. Her birth was announced publicly on August 6, 2003. Born 36 kilogram after a natural delivery and a full-term pregnancy in Laboratory of Reproductive Technology, Cremona, Italy, At 2 months old, Prometea weighed 100 kg

The ethics of cloning on horses still needs to be fully explored but there are concerns of genetic variability. Cloning also allows for conservation of strong genetics and could be used for conserving specific equine lines that may need additional animals in the population. Some registries will not allow cloned horses to be entered.

The name "Prometea" is the feminine form of Prometeo ("Prometheus" in Greek).

Science
The horse is the seventh species to be cloned yet. Dr. Cesare Galli and others at the lab experimented with 841 reconstructed embryos; of the 14 viable embryos, four were implanted in surrogate mothers - only that of Prometea succeeded in being born. Prometea was born to her twin mother who her cloning cells originated from. Texas A&M University was also undertaking a horse-cloning project when the Italian team first succeeded. Horse cloning like Prometea could eliminate the problem of champion racing geldings. The Jockey Club of North America Thoroughbred Horses has proclaimed, however, that it will allow no cloned horse in their races.

Although horses are not threatened with extinction or other major problem now, cloning may create less genetic diversity among horses by using these horses to breed. This increases the life time of one breeding set of genetics resulting in less variability in a population. In conservation biology, there are concerns related to the lack of genetic diversity that allows for continuation of the species through genetic variation.

title: Prometea


text:
Talk:Prometea

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 22 August 2019 and 4 December 2019. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Barclaybp. Peer reviewers: Kasarlo, B.johnson98.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 07:17, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

"several hundred embryos"
Some variation in number: --Menchi 23:03, Aug 6, 2003 (UTC)
 * 841 "reconstructed" (nyNewsday.com)
 * Over 800 "reconstructed" (Voice of America)
 * 328 "engineered" (news.com.au)

Color of Prometea
What color is Prometea?
 *
 * ~ender 2008-02-16 07:01:AM MST

Might not be the first cloned horse
"Prometea now stands as the fourth equine birth in the 3 years since the creation of the first ..." But I can only access that fragment of text via a google search, since the page is under lockdown. ~ender 2008-02-16 06:19:AM MST
 * Prometea IS the fourth equine, but the first horse, the three first equine were mules. As per your referenced article, which seems just fine, I had no trouble loading it or searching for it. Thank you.--Tallard (talk) 22:16, 6 March 2011 (UTC)

Update on horse's status
https://springhillequine.com/clones-where-are-they-now/ Anthropophoca (talk) 04:24, 17 February 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Prometea