text:
Talk:Machine elf

Oh come on
An entire article about a hallucination? Really? This needs to be merged with the DMT article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.17.19.215 (talk) 21:29, 19 September 2012 (UTC)
 * I have met the machine elves myself, the description by McKeena is pretty accurate for the generic experience. This experience is worth its own article in wikipedia because it highlights that the shamanic stories about weird encounters with spirits are not just stories, but literal descriptions of what they actually encountered. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.14.40.221 (talk) 16:13, 4 January 2013 (UTC)

May I second the Oh, Come On motion. As subject for a WP entry all its own, "machine elves" is beyond absurd. The (ahem) infaux and content of this entry boils down to exploitation of WP, and its readers. The 'excited' broadcast the glorious name of Terence McKenna, his brand, in the form of a 'machine elf' entry - is a stealth informercial, posing as encyclopedia info. Between the lines, the content of this entry is merely wow - his purported 'genius,' and how important his word as 'contributions' to posterity. Subcultural fallout of his charismatic cult-like appeal, his talent, for spell-binding dupes. His brand of hypnotic bs, was of by and for soliciting and recruiting whoever - to be awestruck by his 'ideas' and 'philosophy' and 'theorizing.' Not to sound like an unbeliever, but the entry desperately maneuvers to impart some kind of greater meaning or significance, worthy of 'serious consideration' ... to his 'machine elf' talk gimmick. I wonder if WP policy allows for a piece of (decorum prohibits) like this to just be deleted, scrapped, junked. It reads as a blatant piece of post-Terence propaganda, in his name, amen: Right from Sentence One, two factually false and misleading attributions - "ethnobotanist ... and philosopher Terence McKenna." This colorful rascal was neither a philosopher, nor - for crying out loud (please!) - an ethnobotanist. But the claims aren't random. They're among the more common, fraudulent laurels of fame and worth his followers demand he is owed, as tribute: To an WP admin-editors reasonably concerned/interested - may I refer to WP's entry for Terence McKenna. The accolades of "philosopher" and "ethnobotanist" have, per custom of his PR handlers, have long figured therein - and equally long, been questioned, contested, to no avail. Until very recently - they are now rightly and properly gone, edited out. The entry's Talk Page reflects the firestorm of fury provoked in his 'interest group' - parties who concern themselves with promoting his name, his claim to fame, on these talking points. But in this execrable 'machine elves' entry, the "message from the Terence McKenna sponsorship" continues, using the WP broadcast tower. If this entry can't be just junked - the ideal improvement to my mind - I'd give merging it as moved by an editor (above), a resounding second: Either way, about that first sentence of this eyeball-rolling entry - per WP standards, purposes, and procedures - these resume padding "Philosopher" and "Ethnobotanist" claims - really ought to be removed. To the dustbin of history. Which I'm sure would welcome them warmly. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Akersbp (talk • contribs) 18:03, 13 July 2013 (UTC)

 * Terrence McKeena is not the only one who have witnessed the machine elves. Your argument appears to mostly be based on your disgust of him, which is irrelevant. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 83.254.32.81 (talk) 10:32, 6 August 2013 (UTC)

You've parroted the doctrine well as any - I'm sure its easier than facing the truth. Your retort sums up as "La La La."' But you've recited the Party Line accurately - with copy and paste fidelity. That exemplifies exactly what I noted - the desperate attempt of TM followers to somehow imbue his 'elves" with some worth or greater significance. You've followed form faithfully too - pseudo-authoritative declaration, as if saying something can make it true. Devoid of info, nothing to put content or merit to your words.  All insistent, while coyly resistant.  Adamant - and dismally empty - assertion imitates something to say, but is unwilling, unready, and unable to muster anything but noise, molded to mimic signal.  That's what you're stuck with, by your own choice. A bankrupt treasury - that's the best TMism has to offer.  So - for want of anything else to speak from or go on, you'll have to just keep parroting that blabberwocky.  In service to TM praise and worship, testimonials are au courant.  And the line has to be cast, the story really does have to be repeated over and over, mindlessly, robotically. That's how disinfo works. As Hitler put it, MEIN KAMPF: 'the most brilliant method of propaganda must confine itself to a few key claims ... and repeat them over and over.' Especially at any close encounter with true, factual info amenable to independent verification - by anyone with the guts, genuine interest, and integrity of purpose to check facts, separate wheat from chaff. Otherwise, to heck with it - fall in line with the charismatic spell TM cast so capably upon his susceptible marks. Drawn like moths to his flame, captured by the radiant glow of the brainwash. I find you offer a nice case-in-point, acted out in real time here, to illustrate the 'situation' of this entry, and what it represents... a subversive movement, flying below the radar and using WP as a broadcast tower for its message: Thought-programming 101, the "Terence McKenna Thing." Akersbp (talk) 17:04, 9 August 2013 (UTC)

While I applaud your felicity, your intransigent barrage of fringe logic -and subsequent overlook- against 83.254.32.81's reasonable point of procedure has purported nothing more than your overwhelming tendency to miss the point. Furthermore, your apparent "righteous fury" against McKenna boils down to nothing more than a cheap tactic for you to exploit in a subversive attack on the free flow of thought and ideas. The only type of "subliminal brainwashing" occurring here are your attempts at labeling anyone who attempts to participate in an open discussion as an agent of Terrence McKenna; which are lunatic as your attempts at hiding your motive behind periphrastic and outrageous tirades claiming conspiracy against the whole of WP. If you don't agree with McKenna, that's fine, but don't use it as a pillar to hide behind so you can exonerate logic and accuse other users of claims they didn't make in a circumlocutory(no to mention obnoxious) tongue-in-cheek fashion. Defending the world from intellectual misguidance may be a noble endeavor, but do remember: No one likes a Condescendent. — Preceding unsigned comment added by BeautifulVoid (talk • contribs) 19:52, 7 November 2013 (UTC)

Norse Dwarves?
At the bottom of the section "Description by McKenna" is an uncited paragraph hypothesizing that the dwarves of Norse mythology may share a common origin with machine elves in human consciousness. The basis for this comparison is quite frankly way beyond loose. They both make things that are unique? McKenna never made such a comparison as far as I recall, and given that it's uncited, I think it's a pretty obvious case of Original Research, or worse, shallow conjecture. I move for its deletion. 64.121.41.103 (talk) 06:35, 23 April 2013 (UTC)

Just hard to follow
Regardless of the veracity of the claims, as a layperson, it's hard to understand the concepts this article is actually describing. Please elaborate on this in a concise manner. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.63.70.35 (talk) 16:11, 3 June 2013 (UTC)

May I respectfully suggest - there's nothing wrong with your cognitive faculties or capacity for comprehension, 128.63.70.35. Close, careful exam of the 'concepts' confirms (as you note): they're hard to understand, alright. With good reason I find, like a prize hidden in the Cracker Jack box - clarity of perception. Tested as 'concepts' they prove to have no internal consistency, no substance. Seems they're imitation, counterfeits not the real thing; extravagant sound and fury. Their 'logic' boils down to ulterior subtlety of intent: hypnotic-like suggestion: "Be amazed, be very amazed. Go wow, and get enthused along with the Others" as McKenna called anyone enraptured by his lyrical Rorschach word blots. The 'concepts' are merely mind-lulling lures for anybody wanting to get involved with a scene McKenna staged. Siren songs in essence, sweetly inviting 'Others' to projectively interpret them. Then, we get to feel brilliant along with Terence. Whatever deep meaning suits the moment and listener is welcome. Simply stick in our thumb, pull out some plum of 'profound meaning' - then (reward) get to tell ourselves, oh what a smart boy am I ("Nobody is smarter than you" as McKenna cooed to his gulls). But if anyone prefers critical inquiry to being gullible, rather question than exalt such 'concepts' (not self-delude they 'get them') - the booby prize is, let them be baffled. Whoever doesn't want to play along can eat that cake, feel stupid like they don't 'get it.' But as turns out, surprise - there's nothing to 'get.'  These are devices not concepts, subliminally directing whoever away from critical question or pause. Objective #1 is for moths to be drawn to the flame. But if you don't want to be vapidly awestruck - and thus self-impressed that you 'understand' what Terence was saying - the 'meaning' shifts to how hard for 'inferior' (i.e., non-gullible) minds to grasp such 'genius.' I hope this is concise. The 'concepts' are operational, offering a choice. To either (1) go "WOW" and join the choir; (2) go "huh?" and scratch our head till its raw and bloody; or (3) shrug shoulders at the seeming liveliness of nonsense and tune out, scram - stop bothering him and his flock; not realizing the manipulation. As if directed by a Wizard of Oz: "pay no further attention to that man behind his jabberwocky curtain." Their last-ditch function is to repulse and repel 'wrong' attention, like Skeptic Whispering: "no droids of interest here for You, Mr. Critical Inquiring Mind, go away." It seems intelligent notice posed a threat to McKenna; he didn't mean for anyone to see through his convert-recruit campaign, or perceive the web he was weaving as such. That anyone might do so was apparently a troubling prospect for his mission objectives. In essence, his 'concepts are inherently tactical not conceptual. Hence their range of effects, and manifest emptiness of coherent meaning, absence of cohesive content. He had a big vocab, but his IQ mainly seems to have been of cunning not intellect. Bottom line, machine elfing, and his discourse as a whole - was a countercultural exercise in subversion of reason. He tipped his hand here and there: "we have loosed demons, and reason has grown to feeble to save us!" (TRUE HALLU). His 'concepts' were psychodrama, oppositional defiance of rationality by endless masquerade variations on Liar's Paradox. They're 'anti-conceptual' not just non-; brain-breaker covert cues: 'bang head here.' Apparently as slyly intended by the charismatic Trip Master; and applauded as if by trained seals (who 'get it'), eager to help spread the word by whatever means - e.g., WP a useful broadcast tower, this instance. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Akersbp (talk • contribs) 13:18, 15 July 2013 (UTC)

Merge with dimethyltryptamine
So I was trying to merge this article with the dimethyltryptamine article, but a bot stopped me, claiming I was vandalizing. Please halp obiwan-wikipedian, you are my only hope. KaosMuppet (talk) 17:40, 7 February 2014 (UTC)
 * It saw that you were redirecting a page to itself. I think you had clicked from the page Machine Elf to dimethyltryptamine and then went to the Machine Elf section you created there, but because you had come there from a redirect, the notation of the page was the page you came from.
 * On another note, I think I am going to move that content down to the "popular culture" section. -- TRPoD aka The Red Pen of Doom  18:02, 7 February 2014 (UTC)

Merge
I see this page was deleted to a redirect. I have had to re-add the better references and sources to the article N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, as it was lost at somepoint. The categories were also removed.

It should be noted that although MacKenna "popularised" and invented the term the experience is common to the class of chemicals, and not exclusively a MacKenna topic, though the term 'Machine Elf" provides a useful catch all term.83.100.174.82 (talk) 12:38, 18 November 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Machine elf


text:
Antony Leung

Antony Leung Kam-chung GBS OBE JP (born 29 January 1952 in Hong Kong with family roots in Shunde, Guangdong) is a businessman who served as Financial Secretary of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), from 29 May 2001 until his resignation on 16 July 2003.

He was embroiled in a financial scandal in early 2003 after it was revealed he had bought an expensive Lexus car shortly before imposing a new car tax, creating a controversy over conflict of interest that earned him the nickname "Lexus Leung" and which ultimately led to his resignation in July of that year.

Leung is currently the Chairman of Nan Fung Group and chairman and co-founder of New Frontier Group.

Education
Leung was educated in Hong Kong. He received his secondary education in Ying Wa College and holds a Bachelor of Social Sciences degree, majoring in economics and statistics, from The University of Hong Kong. During his university studies, he actively participated in student activities and was concerned with political issues. It had been a long-term goal of Leung to be Financial Secretary, according to some classmates. He completed Harvard Business School's Programme in Management Development in 1982 and the six-week Advanced Management Programme in 1999. He received an honorary Doctor of Laws at The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology in 1998.

Career
Leung started his banking career as a currency trader and spent 23 years with Citicorp where he took up regional management positions in investment, corporate and private banking in Hong Kong, New York, Singapore and Manila. Leung rose to senior management positions at big international banks in Hong Kong. He joined Chase Manhattan Corporation in 1996, where he rose to the rank of Asia-Pacific chairman. He oversaw the Asia-Pacific operation of J.P. Morgan Chase & Co., which became the No.2 U.S. bank when commercial bank Chase Manhattan bought Wall Street investment firm J.P.Morgan in 2000. He relocated to Singapore shortly before he resigned from J.P.Morgan to become Financial Secretary.

Prior to becoming Financial Secretary, he was actively involved in public services. He was an unofficial member of the Executive Council (1997–2001 April) and was responsible for Education Reform when he was the Chairman of Education Commission (1998–2001 April). The Chair of the Commission was succeeded by Dame Rosanna Wong Yick-ming, the former Chairperson of the Housing Authority who resigned before a vote of no confidence in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong following a scandal concerning the improper construction of housing estates under the Home Ownership Scheme.

Financial Secretary
Leung became Financial Secretary government post on 1 May 2001.

When in office, he proposed, in 2001, to cut the salaries of civil servants by 4.5%. However, in the face of strong opposition, the cut was reduced to 1.8–2.3% and enacted through legislation. After that, the government proposed a further 3% in salary cuts over the following 2 years, 2005 and 2006.

He also stated that the government should succeed in balancing the budget by the 2006–07 fiscal year due to the recovery of the economy and further cuts in government expenditure. He claimed that it was necessary to balance the budget as quickly as possible so as to maintain the stability of the economy. He suggested expenditure cuts in different sectors, including university funding.

In September 2002, new HK$10 notes were co-issued by the Hong Kong Monetary Authority and the Hong Kong government in response to the problem of fake 10-dollar coins. About 10 special features were applied to the new notes.

By the end of 2002, in response to the "penny stock" incident, he set up a 2-person commission, which he was in charge of, to investigate the incident.

Harbour Fest
After the outbreak of SARS, Leung was responsible for taking action to reinvigorate Hong Kong's economy. After receiving funding of HKD 1 billion from the Legislative Council, Leung was able to launch several initiatives including the "Harbour Fest". Following his resignation, however, the Fest became mired in controversy regarding the chaotic arrangements made with overseas artists like the Rolling Stones, and the financial relationship between the government and the American Chamber of Commerce in Hong Kong to which inexperienced body had been entrusted the Fest's organisation.

Henry Tang, who became Financial Secretary after Leung, said in a TV interview on 29 October 2008 that the contracts between the government and AmCham were signed when Leung was still in office. "AmCham came up with this creative idea for a musical event,... [which] required us to grant it five years' custodial rights, I believe then financial secretary [Leung] thought it was reasonable."

Tang later clarified that the contracts were signed by Rowse and not Leung. Tang said Rowse was a civil servant and as such was not required to be held politically responsible.

CEPA
Before his resignation, he signed the Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA) with China, which, it was believed, could help Hong Kong get out of a prolonged economic downturn.

The "Lexusgate" scandal and resignation
Leung came under severe criticism in January 2003 when he bought a HK$790,000 (US$101,282) Lexus LS 430, just weeks before he raised the tax on new vehicles in his March budget. Although Leung claimed that he had decided on the tax increase after buying the car, which he said his family needed because of the arrival of his first-born in February. Leung denied that he was trying to avoid the new tax, which would have cost him an additional HK$180,000. (US$23,000). However, unlike other members of the Executive Council, Leung had failed to disclose the purchase to the council. News of the car purchase dealt a blow to the Hong Kong government's credibility as well as to the effectiveness of the newly introduced Principal Officials Accountability System (POAS).

In view of the public outcry, he tried to defuse the controversy by donating money to the Community Chest, a local charity. He also submitted his resignation in March, which Chief Executive of Hong Kong Tung Chee-hwa refused to accept at the time. The government's unwillingness to take action after the scandal broke brought into question the sincerity of Tung's commitment to establishing an accountable government.

Hong Kong's Department of Justice said in July 2003, after receiving a report from the Independent Commission Against Corruption (ICAC), that it was considering whether to charge Leung over the car controversy, which came to be known as Lexusgate.

On 16 July 2003 Leung resigned with immediate effect in the wake of mass protests over the government's handling of a controversial anti-subversion bill, having failed to reduce record high unemployment and revive battered consumer confidence. His resignation came just hours after Secretary for Security Regina Ip said she was stepping down, for personal reasons.

On 15 December 2003, the Department of Justice announced that it was dropping the case against Leung.

Return to private sector
He served as the chairman of Blackstone Group's Asian office in Hong Kong. He continues to serve as a senior adviser to Blackstone and a member of its international advisory board.

Leung has served as chairman at Nan Fung Group, the Hong Kong-based property and finance conglomerate, since February 2014.

Leung is currently the chairman and co-founder of New Frontier Group, an investment holding company with activities in healthcare, education and internet business.

He is also actively involved in charities, serving as chairman of the board of directors of Heifer International's Hong Kong branch.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Antony Leung


text:
Radio VNG

Radio VNG was Australia's national time signal service. It was inaugurated by the Australian Post Office at Lyndhurst, Victoria on 21 September 1964, although a predecessor service using the callsign VLX had begun in March 1946 alongside shortwave radio station VLR. From 1964 until 1987, Radio VNG transmitted on 4.5, 7.5 and 12 MHz from the Lyndhurst transmitters. After 1987 it relocated to Shanes Park, NSW, and transmitted on 2.5, 5, 8.638, 12.984, and 16 MHz.

Signal properties
Radio VNG broadcast time in binary coded decimal, during seconds 21–58. It also broadcast DUT-1 information during seconds 1-16. Tones were usually of 1 kHz. Encoding details are described in the VNG Leaflet (see Further Reading). Radio VNG also broadcast a spoken time signal every 15 minutes. The exact words in earlier years were: "'This is VNG Lyndhurst, Victoria, Australia on 4.5, 7.5 or 12 MHz. VNG is a standard frequency and time signal service of the Australian Telecommunications Commission. This is VNG Lyndhurst, Victoria, Australia on 4.5, 7.5 or 12 MHz.'" If a leap second were to be introduced, a further voice announcement occurred.

Historical
The original service (Lyndhurst) -38.05083°N, 145.26222°W was shut down in October 1987, due to a lack of funding. The area has since been converted to housing estates with the only hints to the former site at Lyndhurst and the vast antenna arrays for VNG and other radio services ever existing is "Tower Hill Park" and a road called "Towerhill Boulevard". The original Lyndhust site was owned by the Commonwealth of Australia and the boundaries of the site were essentially a triangle shape formed by the South Gippsland Highway, Hallam Road and Lynbrook Boulevard.

The replacement Radio VNG service operated from -33.71444°N, 150.7925°W, Shanes Park, Llandillo, NSW, until 30 June 2002 on 2.5 and 8.838 MHz. The remaining three transmitters (5, 12.984, and 16 MHz) were finally closed down on 31 December 2002.

Currently available time signals
Many scientific and astronomical users of the service were somewhat inconvenienced with the shutdown of Radio VNG.

Daytime reception of overseas shortwave and longwave time signal services in Australia (and New Zealand) is rather poor as the nearest HF (and longwave) time signal services are BPM (China), JJY (Japan), WWVH (Hawaii, USA) and WWV (Colorado, USA).

title: Radio VNG


text:
Kluang District

The Kluang District is a district in Johor, Malaysia. Its district capital is Kluang Town. Kluang district is one of the three landlocked districts in Johor, the other being Segamat and Kulai.

Geography
Kluang District is 2,851.64 km2 in size.

Kluang District is bordered by Segamat in the north, Batu Pahat in the west and Mersing in the east. The southern border of Kluang district meets Pontian, Kulai and Kota Tinggi. As the central district, it borders the most districts in Johor.

Administrative divisions
Kluang District is divided into eight mukims, which are:
 * Kluang Municipal Council
 * Kahang
 * Kluang Town
 * Niyor
 * Paloh
 * Simpang Renggam District Council
 * Layang-Layang
 * Machap
 * Renggam
 * Ulu Benut

Government
Kluang is divided into two local councils namely Simpang Renggam District Council (Majlis Daerah Simpang Renggam) based at Simpang Renggam Town and Kluang Municipal Council (Majlis Perbandaran Kluang) based at Kluang Town which is also the district capital.

Other Town

 * Paloh
 * Kahang
 * Renggam
 * Machap
 * Simpang Renggam
 * Layang-Layang

Federal Parliament and State Assembly Seats
List of Kluang district representatives in the Federal Parliament (Dewan Rakyat)

List of Kluang district representatives in the State Legislative Assembly (Dewan Undangan Negeri)

Demographics
As of 2020, total population of Kluang District is 323,762 people. In 2000, the population growth was 1.48%.

Economy
The main economy activities in the district are agriculture and ecotourism. Main industrial areas are located in Kluang Town, Paloh, Renggam, Simpang Renggam, Machap, Kahang, Ulu Benut and Layang-Layang.

Education
Kluang district has 28 Malay primary schools, 21 Chinese primary schools, 17 Tamil primary schools, and 20 secondary schools for a total of 86 schools. In 2014, there were more than 38,000 students and 3,300 teachers.

Transportation

 * Kluang Airport

title: Kluang District


text:
Phoenicopterus

Phoenicopterus is a genus of birds in the flamingo family Phoenicopteridae.

Taxonomy
The genus Phoenicopterus was introduced in 1758 by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae to accommodate a single species, the American flamingo Phoenicopterus ruber. The genus name is Latin for "flamingo".

Species
The genus contains three extant species:

title: Phoenicopterus


text:
Talk:Cathay Pacific

Semi-protected edit request on 26 May 2023
There is a typo in the section ‘Non-accidental related issues’: Cathay Pacific apologised on Chinese social media sites after for their flight attendant's discriminatory act against non-English speakers. Dellair (talk) 19:49, 26 May 2023 (UTC)
 * ✅ Tollens (talk) 21:57, 26 May 2023 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 24 July 2023
106.155.3.26 (talk) 12:00, 24 July 2023 (UTC)

I want to add a lounge section
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate.  — Paper9oll  (🔔 • 📝)  12:44, 24 July 2023 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 4 August 2023
The cathay Pacific service limited (cpsl) has renamed to Cathay cargo Terminal, I request for editing some information in Cathay Cargo and cathay cargo terminal. Kubby0705 (talk) 04:12, 4 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made.  — Paper9oll  (🔔 • 📝)  06:05, 4 August 2023 (UTC)
 * The official website of Cathay Cargo Terminal shows that the logo changed from Cathay Pacific Service Limited to Cathay Cargo Terminal. And the facebook page has been rebranded into Cathay Cargo Terminal already.
 * https://www.cathaycargoterminal.com/en-us/About-CPSL/Vision-mission Kubby0705 (talk) 09:10, 4 August 2023 (UTC)
 * I found an article in Aircargo News using the new Cathay Cargo Terminal name, and several news articles from February 2023 about the rebranding to Cathay Cargo, so I think there's enough documentation to support the name change of the cargo terminal. The question now is, what text do you want to change in the article? It's easy if you use this template:
 * So the result will look like:
 * Xan747 ✈ 🧑✈ 11:04, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * I would like to change the part of the Corporate affairs, identity, and senior leadership (Subsidiaries and association) on the Cathay Pacific page, change the name of Cathay Pacific Service Limited to Cathay Cargo terminal, and add Cathay cargo to the page. Kubby0705 (talk) 17:41, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * ✅ The words "Cathay Pacific Service Limited" did not exist in the article when I went to edit it. Likewise, the subsidiaries table already contained "Cathay Cargo Terminal". In two instances, I changed "Cathay Pacific Cargo" to "Cathay Pacific Cargo (now Cathay Cargo )". I left the others unchanged since that was the name of the company at the time being written about in the article. Xan747 ✈ 🧑✈ 19:32, 5 August 2023 (UTC)
 * ✅ The words "Cathay Pacific Service Limited" did not exist in the article when I went to edit it. Likewise, the subsidiaries table already contained "Cathay Cargo Terminal". In two instances, I changed "Cathay Pacific Cargo" to "Cathay Pacific Cargo (now Cathay Cargo )". I left the others unchanged since that was the name of the company at the time being written about in the article. Xan747 ✈ 🧑✈ 19:32, 5 August 2023 (UTC)

sould this inndent be added?
Cathay Pacific flight 806 made a landing in winnipeg link https://globalnews.ca/news/548857/hong-kong-flight-makes-emergency-landing-in-winnipeg/ 2604:3D09:A984:F000:C108:8F2C:F19E:6F57 (talk) 16:52, 17 December 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Cathay Pacific


text:
Cebu City

Cebu City, officially the City of Cebu (Dakbayan sa Sugbo; Dakbanwa sang Cebu; Lungsod ng Cebu), is a 1st class highly urbanized city in the Central Visayas region of the Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 964,169 people, making it the sixth-most populated city in the nation and the most populous in the Visayas and in Central Visayas Region.

It serves as the capital of Cebu Province wherein it is geographically situated and grouped under the province by the Philippine Statistics Authority, but is one of three cities (together with Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue) that are administratively independent of the provincial government and also the largest city of that province. It also serves as the regional center of Central Visayas, and its metropolitan area exerts influence on commerce, trade, industry, education, culture, tourism, and healthcare beyond the region, over Central and Eastern Visayas and partly over Mindanao. It is the Philippines' main domestic shipping port and is home to about 80% of the country's domestic shipping companies. Additionally, Cebu City is the prime trading center of the southern Philippines.

Cebu City is bounded on the north by the town of Balamban and the city of Danao, on the west by the city of Toledo, on the east by the cities of Lapu-Lapu and Mandaue and the towns of Liloan, Consolacion and Compostela and to the south by the city of Talisay. Located at the center of the eastern seaboard of Cebu Island, it is the core city of Metro Cebu, the second largest metropolitan area in the Philippines, which includes the cities of Carcar, Danao, Lapu-Lapu, Mandaue, Naga and Talisay and the municipalities (towns) of Compostela, Consolacion, Cordova, Liloan, Minglanilla and San Fernando. Metro Cebu had a total population of 3,165,799 as of the 2020 census, making it the third-most populous metropolitan area of the nation, after Metro Manila in Luzon and Metro Davao in Mindanao.

The current political boundaries of the city are an incorporation of the former municipalities of Cebu, San Nicolas, El Pardo, Mabolo, Talamban and Banilad in the Commonwealth period.

The city has experienced rapid economic growth since the 1990s, a phenomenon also known as "Ceboom". Owing to its economic importance and influence in modern times, Cebu City is also popularly referred to as the Queen City of the South, a sobriquet adopted from Iloilo City after its economic decline in the mid-1900s.

Etymology
The word sugbú in Cebuano Visayan means "to dive into water", and also in Tagalog, Hiligaynon, Aklanon, and Mansaka languages with more or less the same meaning. The name is probably derived from the Proto-Philippine word *sug(e)bu meaning "to wade into water". As with most settlements in the Philippines whose common origin is either derived from an abundance of plants, for example, Manila and one of the most common names of cities in the Philippines, Talisay and settlements near a body of water, for example, Iloilo and the island of Mindanao. Early iterations of the name include Çubu, and Zubu, and then eventually "Cebu". Thus, the modern name is either probably a 16th-17th century Spanish pronunciation of the native name or as how it was heard by early chroniclers in that time period. The Selden map records the island known to the Ming dynasty as sokbu (束務), a Hokkien pronunciation of the name (in Mandarin Chinese "suwu"), in the early 17th century.

Pre-Hispanic period
Very little is known about when the site was first settled prior to colonization, but artifacts have been discovered near the city, if not exactly at the site in what is now Cebu City dating back to at least the 14th to 15th centuries CE. The city's only reliable historical record started with Portuguese explorer, Ferdinand Magellan's landing in the island in 1521 CE and then after the Battle of Mactan, it is then followed by a brief period of silence and almost nihility, and back again in 1565 CE when Miguel López de Legazpi led an expedition back to the island. Though there are artifacts detailing the settlement of the island as early as 2000 BCE, the exact date of when the village was settled and named "Sugbu" is unknown, owing to the fact that prior to colonization most Visayans were illiterate up until the later half of the 16th century. When Magellan and crew arrived in 1521 CE, the Europeans did not mention or state a thriving city in a European or Chinese sense and nor it was ever been described as a "kingdom" as there were no kingdoms in pre-colonial Philippines other than it was merely a simple fishing and trading village.

There is a popular myth that the city was supposedly founded by "Sri Lumay" and that the place was once "Kang Sri Lumayng Sugbo". However, the authenticity of this source is highly debatable and should not be taken seriously. There are no existing documents predating Spanish chroniclers that made a reference to the island, and there was no mention of the so-called "Sri Lumay". Fr. Francisco Ignacio Alcina's History of the Bisayan Islands does not even mention the epic or any reference to that person. Also, in the compilation of Spanish accounts by esteemed American historian specializing in Philippine history, William Henry Scott, there is no mention of any scorched earth tactics in Visayan warfare. It is likely then that the "legend" is an invention by Jovito Abellana. The supposed capital city, "Singhapala", was also not mentioned as a capital city. Instead, Antonio Pigafetta, a chronicler in Magellan's crew, records "Cingapola" as a town, whose chiefs are Cilaton, Ciguibucan, Cimaninga, Cimaticat, and Cicanbul . If it were a rich city, it would be very unlikely to be ignored by the chronicler. Despite the smallness of the polity of Cebu it had the same Indianized-Malay culture as its more well developed advanced neighbors like the Rajahnate of Butuan in Southeast Asia which it had dynastic links to, as Rajah Siagu of Butuan was the cousin of Rajah Humabon, and also proven by the titles of native Cebuano nobility, wherein King Humabon was adressed in the Sanskrit title of "Rajah", and the next king, Sri Tupas, also known as Rajah Tupas who succeeded Rajah Humabon as king, descended from the brother of Rajah Humabon who was a "Bendara" which means "Treasurer" or "Vizier" in Sanskritized Malay and is a shortening of the word "Bendahara" (भाण्डार) which means "Storage house" in Sanskrit.

Spanish period
On April 7, 1521, Portuguese explorer at the service of the Spanish Crown and leader of the first expedition to circumnavigate the world, Ferdinand Magellan, landed in Cebu. He was welcomed by Rajah Humabon. Magellan, however, was killed in the Battle of Mactan, and the remaining members of his expedition left Cebu soon after several of them were poisoned by Humabon, who was fearful of foreign occupation. The last ruler of Sugbo, prior to Spanish colonization, was Rajah Humabon's nephew, Rajah Tupas (d. 1565).

On February 13, 1565, Spanish and (probably some) Mexican conquistadors led by Miguel López de Legazpi together with Augustinian friars whose prior was Andrés de Urdaneta, left New Spain (modern Mexico) and arrived in Samar, taking possession of the island thereafter. They Christianized some natives and Spanish remnants in Cebu. Afterwards, the expedition visited Leyte, Cabalian, Mazaua, Camiguin and Bohol where the famous Sandugo or blood compact was performed between López de Legazpi and Datu Sikatuna, the chieftain of Bohol on March 16, 1565. The Spanish arrived in Cebu on April 15, 1565. They then attempted to parley with the local ruler, Rajah Tupas, but found that he and the local population had abandoned the town. Rajah Tupas presented himself at their camp on May 8, feast of the Apparition of Saint Michael the Archangel, when the island was taken possession of on behalf of the Spanish King. The Treaty of Cebu was formalized on July 3, 1565. López de Legazpi's party named the new city "Villa de San Miguel de Cebú" (later renamed "Ciudad del Santísimo Nombre de Jesús)." In 1567 the Cebu garrison was reinforced with the arrival of 2,100 soldiers from New Spain (Mexico). The growing colony was then fortified by Fort San Pedro. Aside from these Mexican soldiers, the city of Cebu was founded by 80 Spanish colonists from Spain.

By 1569, the Spanish settlement in Cebu had become important as a safe port for ships from Mexico and as a jumping-off point for further exploration of the archipelago. Small expeditions led by Juan de Salcedo went to Mindoro and Luzon, where he and Martín de Goiti played a leading role in the subjugation of the Kingdoms of Tundun and Seludong in 1570. One year later, López de Legazpi departed Cebu to discuss a peace pact with the defeated Rajahs. An agreement between the conquistadors and the Rajahs to form a city council paved the way for the establishment of a new settlement and the construction of the Christian walled city of Intramuros on the razed remains of Islamic Manila, then a vassal-state of the Sultanate of Brunei.

In 1571, the Spanish carried over infantry from Mexico, to raise an army of Christian Visayan warriors from Cebu and Iloilo as well as mercenaries from the Tagalog region, and assaulted the Sultanate of Brunei in what is known as the Castilian War. The war also started the Spanish–Moro Wars waged between the Christian Visayans and Muslim Mindanao, wherein Moros burned towns and conducted slave raids in the Visayas islands and selling the slaves to the Sultanates of the Malay Archipelago and the Visayans fought back by establishing Christian fort-cities in Mindanao, cities such as Zamboanga City.

On August 14, 1595, Pope Clement VIII created the diocese of Cebu as a suffragan to the Archdiocese of Manila. The years: 1603, 1636, 1670, and 1672; saw the deployment of 86, 50, 135, and 135; Latin-American soldiers from Mexico at Cebu. In 1608, Muslim Moros from Magindanao raided the nearby Visayan province of Carigara in Leyte. Cebu under Commander Salgado led an expedition of 70 Spanish and 60 Pampango marines that had intercepted and destroyed them. On January 6, 1635; under orders by Juan de Alcarazo the Alcalde-Mayor of Cebu, a force of 50 Spanish and 1,000 Visayan troops, battled rebels who had uprisings at and settled in Bohol. At April 5, 1635: Cebu sent a force of 300 Spanish and 1,000 Visayan troops to settle and colonize Zamboanga City under the command of Captain Juan de Chavez. In the 1700s, Cebu housed 625 Spanish Filipino families and 28,112 native families

On April 3, 1898, local revolutionaries led by the Negrense Leon Kilat rose up against the Spanish colonial authorities and took control of the urban center after three days of fighting. The uprising was only ended by the treacherous murder of Leon Kilat and the arrival of soldiers from Iloilo and Manila. On December 26, 1898, the Spanish Governor, General Montero, evacuated his troops to Zamboanga, turning over government property to Pablo Mejia. The next day, a provincial government was formed under Luis Flores as president, General Juan Climaco as military chief of staff, and Julio Llorente as mayor.

American occupation and World War II

The signing of the Treaty of Paris at the end of the Spanish–American War provided for the cession of Cebu along with the rest of the Philippine Islands to the United States until the formation of the Commonwealth Era (1935–46). On February 21, 1899, the USS Petrel (PG-2) deployed a landing party of 40 marines on the shores of Cebu. Cebu's transfer to the American government was signed by Luis Flores although others, most notably General Arcadio Maxilom and Juan Climaco, offered resistance until 1901. Governor W. H. Taft visited Cebu on April 17, 1901, and appointed Julio Llorente as the first provincial governor. Juan Climaco was elected to that office in January 1904.

Cityhood
With its city status granted by the King of Spain in 1594 invalidated by the change of colonial administration, in 1934 the neighboring municipalities of El Pardo, Mabolo, Talamban, Banilad, and San Nicolas were dissolved and merged to become the revived City of Cebu, which received its renewed official Charter on February 24, 1937. These former towns were broken up into several barangays, including their town centers which assumed their names (in contrast, Manila and Iloilo preserved their incorporated towns as geo-political districts) resulting this in expansion of its territory. Many other Philippine cities such as Dansalan (now Marawi), Iloilo City, and Bacolod were also incorporated at the same time (see Cities of the Philippines). Alfredo V. Jacinto was then serving as mayor when the city's status was restored by law.

Japanese occupation
Along with the rest of the country, Cebu came under Japanese occupation of the Philippines during World War II. The Japanese encountered opposition from guerrillas and irregular forces led by Col. James Cushing and the Cebu Area Command. A Japanese businessman established Cebu's first "comfort station" during the war, where Japanese soldiers routinely gang-raped, humiliated, and murdered kidnapped girls and teenagers who they forced into sexual slavery under the brutal "comfort women" system. It was finally liberated with the Battle for Cebu City in March and April 1945. The military general headquarters of the Philippine Commonwealth Army and 8th Constabulary Regiment of the Philippine Constabulary, active from January 3, 1942, to June 30, 1946, was stationed in Cebu City during World War II.

Post-war years
The war virtually razed Cebu City to the ground. Reconstruction, however, was rapid. The city's central business district, which had been confined largely to the coast and the area around the port before the war, had expanded inland. Colon Street, the oldest national road in the Philippines, which was once a residential area in the pre-war years, became the center of a dense and compact area in downtown Cebu City, becoming home to many shopping and business activities, including the city's most fashionable shops, restaurants, and movie houses. In 1962, construction of the Cebu City North Reclamation Area commenced, finishing eventually in 1969, which expanded the port of Cebu and provided the city with more developable land close to the city center. During this time, Cebu also became a prominent educational center for the Visayas and Mindanao regions, and new schools were established in Cebu's uptown areas, such as the Talamban campus of the University of San Carlos.

During the Marcos dictatorship
Cebu became a key center of resistance against the Marcos dictatorship, first becoming apparent when the hastily put-together lineup of Pusyon Bisaya defeated the entire slate of Marcos' Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL) in Region VII.

Among the Cebuanos immediately arrested by the Marcos dictatorship when Martial law was announced on September 23, 1972, were columnist and future National Artist Resil Mojares and human rights lawyer and Carcar Vice Mayor Democrito Barcenas, who were both detained at Camp Sergio Osmeña.

One of the Marcos Martial Law desaparecidos from Cebu was Redemptorist priest Fr. Rudy Romano, a prominent Marcos critic and executive secretary of Cebu's Coalition against People's Persecution, who was accosted by armed men in Tisa, Labangon, Cebu City, on June 11, 1985, and never seen again. Levi Ybañez, Romano's colleague in the Coalition against People's Persecution, was abducted on the same day as Fr. Romano, and was also never heard from again.

Later, Cebu would play a key role in the days leading up to the 1986 People Power revolution and the ouster of Marcos. It was from Fuente Osmeña circle in Cebu City that the opposition forces relaunched a civil disobedience campaign against the Marcos regime and its cronies on February 22, 1986. After that, the Carmelite Monastery in Barangay Mabolo, Cebu City, served as a refuge for opposition candidates Aquino and Laurel during the first day of the People Power revolution, because it was not yet safe to go back to Manila.

Economic boom and contemporary history
In 1990, Typhoon Ruping (international name Mike) hit Visayas and Cebu in particular, causing considerable damage to the infrastructure of the city and province. The typhoon cut off many of the city's communication lines, and was virtually cut from the outside, causing delays for aid from the national government in Manila. This forced local authorities to rethink governmental priorities, and enforced some radical measures, such as food, water, and fuel rations. However, the city quickly recovered, and by the end of the decade, it was experiencing rapid economic growth, dubbed Ceboom. The economic growth of the city also spread economic growth to its neighboring cities and municipalities, which spreads from Danao from the north all the way to Carcar to the south.

Within the city, economic growth was observed in other areas as well, and much of the business activity shifted from the old and derelict downtown area to the more modern and more diverse business districts located in other areas of the city, including areas around Fuente Osmeña (colloquially known as "Uptown Cebu"), the Cebu Business Park, and the Cebu IT Park, among other areas. The opening of the aforementioned Ayala Mall and SM City Cebu had also shifted significant retail activities away from Colon, though it remained to serve as an important transit point for public utility jeepneys (PUJ) covering arterial routes within the city.

In 2002, the South Road Properties (SRP) was completed, initially with the intention of being a hub for light industries but gradually shifted to be a hub for mixed-use developments. The Cebu South Coastal Road, which traverses through SRP, has helped alleviate the city's traffic by serving as an alternative to the Natalio Bacalso Avenue. SM Seaside City Cebu opened in 2015, and was one of the largest shopping malls in the Philippines upon opening. The opening of the Cebu–Cordova Link Expressway in 2022, which links the city to Cordova in Mactan, is poised to unlock the SRP's potential as the city's next economic hub. Other infrastructure projects, such as the Metro Cebu Expressway and the Cebu Bus Rapid Transit System, are also in place to help facilitate the city's future growth.

Geography
Cebu City has a land area of 315 km2. To the northeast of the city is Mandaue City and the town of Consolacion; to the west is Toledo City and the towns of Balamban and Asturias; to the south is Talisay City and the town of Minglanilla.

Across Mactan Strait to the east is Mactan island where Lapu-Lapu is located. Further east across the Cebu Strait is the island of Bohol.

Barangays
Cebu City is politically subdivided into 80 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

These barangays are grouped into two congressional districts, with 46 barangays in the northern district and 34 in the southern district.

As of the 2020 census, 58 barangays are classified as urban barangays where 888,481 (92.15%) of Cebu City's population lives, while the remaining 22 rural barangays are home to 75,668 residents, representing 7.85% of the total population.

The most populous barangays in the city, as of the 2020 census, are Guadalupe (70,039), Tisa (47,364), and Lahug (45,853), while Kalubihan is the least populous barangay with only 663 residents.

Climate
Cebu City has a tropical monsoon climate under the Köppen climate classification. The city has a lengthy wet season and a short dry season, with only the months of March and April falling into the latter season. Average temperatures show little variance during the year with average daily temps ranging from 27 C to 29 C. The city on averages experiences roughly 1700 mm of precipitation annually.

Demographics
The city's population reached 799,762 people in 2007, and at the time of the 2010 census, the population had grown to 866,171 people, who formed at least 161,151 households.

Religion
The city is considered the birthplace of Christianity in the Far East. The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cebu is currently the largest archdiocese in the Philippines and in Asia. There are plans to divide the archdiocese, which covers the entire civil Province of Cebu, into three dioceses, of which two are suffragans of the archdiocese.

Christianity in the form of Roman Catholicism is the predominant religion in Cebu for about 95% of the population, making it the 2nd most Roman Catholic affiliated city among the already majority Roman Catholic nation. The remainder of the religious population includes various Protestant faiths (Baptists, Methodists, and Presbyterians), Non-denominational groups, the Philippine Independent Church, Iglesia Ni Cristo, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Jehovah's Witnesses, Seventh-day Adventist and other Christian groups. Other religions include Islam, Hinduism and Buddhism.

Within the city is the Cebu Taoist Temple, a Taoist temple located in the Beverly Hills subdivision of Lahug.

Languages
The most recent census data on ethnicity and language (from the 2010 census) shows that the vast majority of the city's population speaks Cebuano as the primary casual vernacular language. English is also used as the primary formal medium of instruction in schools, besides Filipino class which teaches Filipino (Tagalog) across schools in Cebu and is also understood by the populace through Filipino mass media. There are also a few speakers of Hiligaynon from nearby Hiligaynon-speaking provinces in Panay and in Soccsksargen region in Mindanao and other speakers of other Visayan languages from nearby regions. Minority speakers of other Philippine languages are also residents in the city, one of them are Ilocanos, a Luzon ethnic group whose native language is the eponymous Ilocano language; Ilocanos form a minority in Cebu City, where they formed an organized association for Ilocano residents and their descendants there, including nearby cities and towns within Cebu Province. Chinese Filipinos also privately use Philippine Hokkien among fellow speakers of the language, while Mandarin (Standard Chinese) is also taught in Chinese class of Chinese Filipino schools and few other schools in Cebu.

Economy
The term Ceboom, a portmanteau of "Cebu" and "boom", has been used to refer to the rapid economic development of both Cebu City and Cebu Province from the early 1990s to the early 2000s. Cebu City is considered to be the prime trading center of the southern Philippines.

With Cebu City's proximity to many islands, beaches, hotel and resorts, diving locations, and heritage sites, high domestic and foreign tourist arrivals have fueled the city's tourism industry. Due to its geographic location in the middle of the country, accessibility by air, land and sea transportation, Cebu City has become the tourist gateway to central and southern Philippines. Its port, Port of Cebu, is the country's second largest seaport.

The city is a major hub for the business process outsourcing industry of the Philippines. In 2013, Cebu ranked 8th worldwide in the "Top 100 BPO Destinations Report" by global advisory firm Tholons. In 2012, the growth in IT-BPO revenues in Cebu grew 26.9 percent at $484 million, while nationally, the industry grew 18.2 percent at $13 billion.

Aboitiz Equity Ventures, formerly known as Cebu Pan Asian Holdings, is the first holding company from Cebu City publicly listed in the Philippine Stock Exchange. Ayala Corporation, through its subsidiary Cebu Holdings, Inc. and Cebu Property, both publicly in the PSE Index, developed the Cebu Park District where the mixed-used development zones of the Cebu Business Park and Cebu IT Park are located. Both master planned areas are host to regional headquarters for various companies in the banking, finance, IT and tourism sectors among others.

Shipbuilding companies in Cebu have manufactured bulk carriers of up to 70,000 MT deadweight (DWT) and double-hulled fast craft as well. This industry made the Philippines the 4th largest shipbuilding country in the world.

With a revenue growth rate of 18.8 percent in 2012, the real estate industry is the fastest growing sector in Cebu. With the strong economic indicators and high investors' confidence level, more condominium projects and hypermarkets are being developed in the locality. List of largest shopping malls in the Philippines

Colon Street, the oldest national road in the Philippines, as well as its neighboring streets and surrounding areas, collectively known as Downtown Cebu, is an important center of commerce for the city. It is home to many malls, stores, and stalls selling various goods and services. Carbon Market is the city's oldest and largest farmer's market, and is set to be redeveloped to include other lifestyle and mixed-use developments. The redevelopment is scheduled to be finished by 2025. The Pasil Fish Market, located in Barangays Pasil and Suba, is a major fish wholesale market, sourcing fresh catch from different parts of the Visayas.

The South Road Properties (SRP) is a 300 ha prime property development project on a reclaimed land located a few metres off the coast of Cebu's central business district. It is a mixed-use development that will feature entertainment, leisure, residential and business-processing industries. It is registered with the Philippine Economic Zone Authority (PEZA) and is funded by the Japan Bank for International Cooperation(JBIC). Traversing the property is a 12 km, four-lane highway known as the Cebu Coastal Road that provides the motorists with a good view of Cebu's south coast and the nearby island of Bohol.

Shopping
Cebu City, and Metro Cebu as a whole, is one of the Philippines' major shopping destinations. The Gaisano family, which operates Gaisano Capital, Gaisano Grand Malls, Gaisano Malls, and the Metro Retail Stores Group, traces its roots to the city.

There are four major super-regional malls in the city. SM City Cebu, located in the North Reclamation Area, opened in 1993, and is the first SM Supermall in the Philippines located outside Metro Manila. Ayala Center Cebu, opened in 1994, is a shopping mall at the Cebu Business Park. More than 85,000 people visit the mall every day, with the figure increasing to 135,000 daily on weekends. SM Seaside, opened in November 2015, is located in the South Road Properties and is one of the largest shopping malls in the Philippines. Robinsons Galleria Cebu opened in December 2015 and is in close proximity to the Port of Cebu. Other notable retail establishments include Ayala Malls Central Bloc in Cebu IT Park, Il Corso, Gaisano Mall of Cebu, and Gaisano Country Mall, among others.

Government
Being a highly urbanized city, Cebu City (along with neighboring Mandaue and Lapu-Lapu) is independent from Cebu province. Its electorate do not vote for provincial officials. There were proposals during the time of Governor Emilio Mario Osmeña to establish an "administrative district" that would be independent from Cebu City. This would mean carving out Cebu City's Capitol Site barangay, where the provincial capitol and other provincial offices are located. The plan, however, did not go through and was even followed by other proposals like the transfer of the capital to Balamban.

Cebu City is governed by a mayor, vice mayor and sixteen councilors (eight representing the north and eight representing the south districts). Each official is popularly elected to serve for a three-year term. The chief of the Association of Barangay Captains and the president of the Sangguniang Kabataan Federation also serve in the city council. The day-to-day administration of the city is handled by a city administrator.

 * Current city officials (2022–2025)
 * Mayor: Michael L. Rama (BARUG) On May 7, 2024, Ombudsman Samuel Martires in a 10-page Order directed a 6-month preventive suspension of Rama and 7 other City officials.
 * Vice Mayor: Raymond Alvin N. Garcia (BARUG)

 * 19th Congress
 * House of Representatives
 * 1st District (North): Rachel B. del Mar (NPC)
 * 2nd District (South): Eduardo R. Rama Jr. (PDPLBN)

Culture
Cebu City is a significant cultural center in the Philippines. The imprint of Spanish and Roman Catholic culture is evident. The city's most famous landmark is Magellan's Cross. This cross, now housed in a chapel, is reputed to have been erected by Ferdinand Magellan (Fernão Magalhães) when he arrived in the Philippines in 1521. It was encased in hollow tindalo wood in 1835 upon the order of the Augustinian Bishop Santos Gómez Marañon to prevent devotees from taking it home chip by chip. The same bishop restored the present template or kiosk, located at Magallanes Street between the City Hall and Colegio del Santo Niño. Revered by Filipinos, the Magellan's Cross is a symbol of Christianity in the Philippines.

A few steps away from Magellan's Cross is the Basilica Minore del Santo Niño (Church of the Holy Child). This is an Augustinian church elevated to the rank of basilica in 1965 during the 400th anniversary celebrations of Christianity in the Philippines, held in Cebu. The church, which was the first to be established in the islands, is built of hewn stone and features the country's oldest relic, the figure of the Santo Niño de Cebú (Holy Child of Cebu), who is Jesus Christ as a Child. This religious and cultural event is celebrated during the island's cultural festivities known as the Sinulog festival. Held every third Sunday of January, it celebrates the festival of the Santo Niño, who was formerly considered to be the patron saint of Cebu. (This patronage was later changed to that of Our Lady of Guadalupe after it was realized that the Santo Niño could not be a patron saint because he was an image of Christ and not a saint.) The Sinulog is a dance prayer ritual of pre-Hispanic indigenous origin. The dancer moves two steps forward and one step backward to the rhythmic sound of drums. This movement resembles somewhat the current (sulog) of the river. Thus, the Cebuanos called it Sinulog.

When the Spaniards arrived in Cebu, the Italian chronicler Antonio Pigafetta, sailing under convoy with the Magellan expedition, offered a baptismal gift to Hara Amihan, wife of Rajah Humabon. She was later named Juana, the figure of the Santo Niño. The natives also honored the Santo Niño de Cebú in their indigenous sinulog ritual. This ritual was preserved but limited to honoring the Santo Niño. Once the Santo Niño church was built in the 16th century, the Christianized-Austronesian natives started performing the sinulog ritual in front of the church, the devotees offering candles and indigenous dancers shouting "Viva Pit Señor!"

In the 1980s and 2000s, the city authorities of Cebu added the religious feast of Santo Niño de Cebú during the Sinulog Festival to its cultural event.

The city joined UNESCO's Network of Creative Cities as a Design City on October 31, 2019, on the occasion of World Cities' Day. Cebu City was also recognized by the British Council as the Creative Capital of the Philippines. In 2019, it joined the UNESCO Creative Cities Network as a City of Design.

Music
Cebu City is regarded as the birthplace of BisRock, a term coined by Cebuano writer Januar E. Yap in 2002. Notable BisRock bands include Missing Filemon, Junior Kilat, Phylum, Rundown Genova, and Scrambled Eggs, among others. Popular Filipino bands Urbandub and Cueshé also hail from Cebu, but mostly sing their songs in English, and in the latter's case, also in Tagalog.

The Cebu Reggae Festival is a popular Filipino Reggae and Roots music festival, it now has become one of the Philippines' largest annual Reggae Festivals.

Lifedance and Sinulog Invasion are rave music festivals held in the city in the days before the Sinulog Festival. These music festivals are regarded as among the biggest music festivals in the country.

The Cebu Pop Music Festival is an annual music festival, founded in 1980, showcasing Cebuano-language pop songs. Like Lifedance and Sinulog Invasion, the music festival is also held in the days before the Sinulog Festival.

On Cebuano musical heritage, the Jose R. Gullas Halad Museum in V. Gullas St. (former Manalili) corner D. Jakosalem St. in Cebu City, holds musical memorabilia of Cebuano composers in the early 20th century, the likes of Ben Zubiri (composer of Matud Nila), Inting Rubi (Kasadya Ning Taknaa) and Minggoy Lopez (Rosas Pandan).

Since 2013, Cebu has hosted the Visayan Pop Songwriting Campaign, an annual songwriting competition that aimed to showcase songs written in the Cebuano language. Founded by multi-awarded artist Jude Gitamondoc, Ian Zafra, Cattski Espina, and Missing Filemon's front-man Lorenzo Niñal through the Artists and Musicians Marketing Cooperative (ArtistKo) with the support of the Filipino Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers. Vispop, or sometimes Visayan pop, later on evolved from being associated with the music festival to a genre of the new wave of Visayan pop songs that gained nationwide popularity, even those songs that were not exclusively produced for or presented in the contest.

Sports
The Cebu Schools Athletic Foundation, Inc. is based in the city. Its member schools are located within the Metro Cebu area. It is often considered one of the Philippines' strongest college sports league.

The city has an active boxing scene. ALA Gym, one of the most famous boxing gyms in the Philippines, is based in the city, at the Banilad district. In addition, ALA Gym's promotion arm, the ALA Promotions, organizes the Pinoy Pride boxing series.

The Aboitiz Football Cup is the longest-running association football competition in Cebu. The cup has been considered to be one of the most prestigious association football tournaments in the Philippines. The tournament is organized and supported by the Aboitiz family, one of the Philippines' richest families, and owners of one of the Philippines' largest conglomerates, the Aboitiz Equity Ventures.

The Cebu F.C. is the only professional sports club based in the city. It has played in the Philippines Football League (PFL) in 2021. The club is the second professional football club to be based in Cebu, after Global F.C., which also played in the PFL. The club plays its home games at the Dynamic Herb Sports Complex in nearby Talisay.

The city has cultivated emerging sports and flourished in which Cebu Flag Football League, or known as CFFL, is an amateur sports league for flag football. The association has partnered with Flag Football Philippines (FFP) in bringing the game of flag football in the country.

Former professional sports teams include the following:
 * Global Cebu F.C., which played in the now-defunct Philippines Football League (PFL). They played their home games at the Cebu City Sports Complex. They have since moved to Makati, changing their name correspondingly into Global Makati F.C.
 * Cebu City Chiefs, a rugby league team that participated in the Philippines National Rugby League
 * Cebu Dragons, a rugby union team in the Philippine Rugby Football Union
 * Cebu Gems, a basketball team that played in the now-defunct Metropolitan Basketball Association (MBA). The Gems played their home games at the Cebu Coliseum.
 * Cebu City Sharks, a basketball team that used to play in the South Division of the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (MPBL). The team has taken a leave of absence from the MPBL since 2021. The team played its home games at the Hoops Dome in nearby Lapu-Lapu City, Aznar Coliseum in Barangay Sambag I, and at the USJ-R Coliseum, located in Barangay Basak Pardo.

Tourism
Tourism is a thriving industry in Cebu. It hosted the 1998 ASEAN Tourism Forum. The city also hosted the East Asian Tourism Forum in August 2002, in which the province of Cebu is a member and signatory.

Views of Cebu City and its skyline can be seen from villages and numerous gated communities located on its mountainsides.

There is a significant number of Filipino-Spanish heritage buildings in Cebu City such as Fort San Pedro, Basilica del Santo Niño, Magellan's Cross, and the Cebu Metropolitan Cathedral. The city hosts the Museo Sugbo and Casa Gorordo Museum. The Cebu Taoist Temple is also situated within the city.

Transportation
Mactan–Cebu International Airport, located in Lapu-Lapu, is the country's second-busiest airport and serves direct international flights to Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Japan, China, Taiwan, Dubai and South Korea, with charter flights to Russia and domestic destinations. Many international and cargo airlines fly to Cebu. There are also direct transfer flights via the capital's Ninoy Aquino International Airport that readily connect the city to other destinations in the world.

The city is served by a domestic and international port which are handled by the Cebu Port Authority. Much of the city's waterfront is actually occupied by the port with around 3.5 km of berthing space. The city is home to more than 80% of the country's island vessels traveling on domestic routes mostly in the Visayas and Mindanao.

Transportation throughout the city and the metropolitan itself is provided by jeepneys, buses and taxis. The Cebu City Government conducted a 2012 feasibility study on implementing a bus rapid transit (BRT) system that will ease the transportation of the residents in the city and throughout the entire Metro Cebu area. Aimed to serve an estimated 330,000 passengers per day, the project would have a capacity of 176 buses running through 33 stations along Bulacao until Talamban with a link to South Road Properties. The project is currently branded as TransCebu and is expected to be fully operational by 2017. it was two years late, and the price had increased to ₱9.04B (US$180M).

Cebu UMRT, a mass transit system that uses rail lines, has been proposed in the JICA Study for both 2015 and 2019. The lines were included in the masterplan: a 67.5-kilometer Central Line as the first phase of the project is an underground railway that runs between Carcar City and Danao City, while the line will also traverse the areas of Cebu City; and a 25-kilometer Coastal Line from Talisay to Lapu-Lapu City, which will also traverse in the city.

In March 2019, the Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board announced the opening of a new Premium Point-to-Point Bus Service in Cebu City with three express bus routes to Lapu-Lapu, Danao and Sibonga.

Utilities
The city mostly gets its power from an interconnection grid with the Leyte Geothermal Power Plant, which also powers the majority of the Visayas. Cebu is also powered by a coal-fired thermal plant with two units each generating 52.5-MW and 56.8-MW, a 43.8-MW diesel power plant and 55-MW land-based gas turbine plants located at the Naga power complex which is planned to be rehabilitated and replaced with 150-MW coal units by 2016 and to be completed by 2019.

Telecommunication facilities, broadband and wireless internet connections are available and are provided by some of the country's largest telecommunication companies.

In 1998, the 15 ha Inayawan Sanitary Landfill was constructed to ease garbage disposal within the city. After 15 years, the landfill reached its lifespan and the Talisay city government recently allowed Cebu to temporarily dump its garbage in its own 2 ha landfill. In 2015, Cebu appropriated a total of ₱2.5M to close and rehabilitate the landfill at Inayawan.

Education
Cebu City, and Metro Cebu as a whole, is an important educational hub in Southern Philippines. Cebu City itself is currently home to ten large universities each with a number of campuses throughout Cebu province and more than a dozen other schools specializing in various courses.

Among these schools is the University of San Carlos, one of the most highly regarded educational institutions in the Philippines. It claims to trace its roots to Colegio de San Ildefonso, which was founded in 1595. It has five campuses around Cebu City, including the Downtown Campus (formerly Main Campus) and the Talamban Campus (TC), both of which are home to the school's college programs. It is currently headed by the Society of the Divine Word.

The University of the Philippines Cebu, located at Barangay Camputhaw in the district near Lahug currently has eight courses and has plans of expansion and development. The U.P. Board of Regents elevated the status of U.P. Cebu as a constituent university of the University of the Philippines System on October 27, 2016.

Another Catholic university in Cebu City is the University of San Jose–Recoletos which was established in 1947. It is currently headed by the Augustinian Recollects and has two different campuses within the city, excluding a new campus outside the city located in the municipality of Balamban.

Cebu Normal University (CNU) was established in 1902 as a provincial normal school, a branch of the Philippine Normal School. It became an independent institution in 1924, a chartered college in 1976, and a university in 1998. CNU offers academic programs at the nursery, kindergarten, elementary, junior high, undergraduate, and graduate levels. CNU is designated by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) as Center of Excellence (COE) in both Nursing Education and Teacher Education.

The Cebu Doctors' University (formerly Cebu Doctors' College) was granted university status in November 2004. It is the only private school in the Philippines to achieve university status without a designated basic education (pre-school – high school) curriculum; it caters mainly to courses related to the health services field. It was relocated to a nine-story building in 2007 at the Cebu Boardwalk (now Dr. P.V. Larrazabal Jr. Avenue) in neighboring city of Mandaue, thus closing its old campus near the then Cebu Doctors' Hospital (now Cebu Doctors' University Hospital). , the university now offers senior high school (grades 11 and 12)

The University of Cebu (UC) has four campuses located within the city: Its main campus, located in Sanciangko Street, offers degree programs such as a Bachelor of Science in Information Technology (BSIT), HRM, Computer Engineering, BSED and others. The Maritime Education & Training Center (METC), located in Barangay Mambaling, which hosts the university's maritime programs, was opened in 1991. Its third campus, in Barangay Banilad, was opened in June 2002. A fourth campus, the Pardo–Talisay campus, located in Barangay Bulacao Pardo, near the boundary between Cebu City and Talisay, was added to the UC network in 2021 after the university's acquisition of St. Paul College Foundation, Inc.

Also located in the city is the University of the Visayas, established in 1919, and is considered to be the first educational institution in Cebu which was granted with a university status. It was granted an autonomous status by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) in 2010 and currently offers basic education and a number of courses in the tertiary level including medical courses (Medicine, Nursing, Dentistry, Pharmacy, Midwifery, and Health Care Services) which are housed in its campus in Banilad area. Aside from its campuses within Cebu City, it also has numerous campuses located around the province of Cebu.

Other noteworthy institutions in the city include the Cebu Institute of Technology – University (formerly Cebu Institute of Technology), the main campus of Cebu Technological University (formerly the Cebu State College of Science and Technology), Southwestern University, University of Southern Philippines Foundation in Lahug and Mabini, Asian College of Technology (formerly Asian Computer Institute), Benedicto College, Cebu Eastern College, Cebu International School, Colegio de la Inmaculada Concepcion, College of Technological Sciences - Cebu, Don Bosco Technical College–Cebu (DBTC), Saint Theresa's College of Cebu, Sacred Heart School - Ateneo de Cebu, Salazar Colleges of Science and Institute of Technology, and Velez College (together with its independently administered medical school arm Cebu Institute of Medicine), among others.

Cebu City has 68 public elementary schools, 23 national high schools and 28 night high schools. These night high schools are operated by the city government.

The Cebu City Public Library and Information Center is the only public library in Cebu.

International

 * 🇨🇳 Chengdu, China
 * 🇺🇸 Chula Vista, California, United States
 * 🇲🇽 Guadalajara, Mexico
 * 🇺🇸 Honolulu, Hawaii, United States
 * 🇳🇱 Haarlemmermeer, Netherlands
 * 🇹🇼 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
 * 🇧🇪 Kortrijk, Belgium
 * 🇦🇺 Parramatta City, Australia
 * 🇵🇹 Sabrosa, Portugal
 * 🇺🇸 Salinas, California, United States
 * 🇺🇸 Seattle, Washington, United States
 * 🇷🇺 Saint Petersburg, Russia
 * 🇷🇺 Vladimir, Russia
 * 🇨🇳 Xiamen, China
 * 🇯🇵 Yokohama, Japan
 * 🇰🇷 Yeosu, South Korea

Local
Butuan, Agusan del Norte

Davao City, Davao del Sur

Iloilo City, Iloilo

Bacolod, Negros Occidental

Koronadal, South Cotabato

General Santos, South Cotabato

Manila, Metro Manila

Parañaque, Metro Manila

Ozamiz, Misamis Occidental

Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija

title: Cebu City


text:
Castle Hill, New South Wales

Castle Hill is a suburb of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, located 34 kilometres north-west of the Sydney central business district and 9.5 kilometres north of Parramatta. It is within the Hills District region, split between the local government areas of The Hills Shire and Hornsby Shire.

Indigenous history
The land that is now called Castle Hill was originally home to the Bidjigal people, who are believed to be a clan of the Darug people, who occupied all the land to the immediate west of Sydney. The best-known Aboriginal person from that time is Pemulwuy, a Bidjigal leader who led the resistance movement against settlers during the Hawkesbury and Nepean Wars, including sacking farms in Castle Hill, before his eventual capture and killing by bounty hunter Henry Hacking.

The Bidjigal people are today commemorated by Bidjigal Reserve which straddles the suburbs of Castle Hill,, North Rocks and West Pennant Hills.

European settlement
The first European visitors to the district were led by Governor Phillip in April 1791 accompanied by an entourage. Travelling from Parramatta reaching the 'hills' following the Aboriginal trails, which today are overlaid by the Windsor and Old Northern Roads. As Governor he needed to find new country for settlement and farming land for crops so as to feed a struggling infant colony.

Governor King began Third Government Farm there on 8 July 1801, referring to it as "Castle Hill" on 1 March 1802. The majority of the convicts who worked the prison farm were Irish Catholics, many having been transported for seditious activity in 1798. They were branded "politicals" and exiled for life, never to return.

The first free settler in Castle Hill, a Frenchman Baron Verincourt de Clambe, in unusual circumstances received a grant of 200 acres (81 ha) in 1802. It has been suggested that locals of the time commonly referred to de Clambe's house ("The Hermitage") as "The Castle" because of the Baron's noble status.

On Sunday night 4 March 1804, the convicts rose up as one in what was to become known as the Castle Hill convict rebellion, also known as the Second Battle of Vinegar Hill.

In later years the area became filled with market gardens and orchards which supplied Sydney. As Sydney expanded, the orchards disappeared and were replaced with a sprawl of suburban dwellings, retail and commercial establishments and light industry. The Hills Shire Council commemorates the shire's former role as an orange-growing area with the Orange Blossom Festival each year.

Castle Hill Post Office opened on 1 January 1869.

20th century
In the past Castle Hill was serviced by the Rogans Hill railway line to Parramatta to take the rural area's produce to the city. However, it was closed in 1932, due to competition with buses, trucks and cars.

Local landmarks include:
 * Castle Hill House (circa 1844) on Old Northern Road, which has a local-government heritage listing;
 * The public school (1879), Old Northern Road, also with a LG heritage listing;
 * The former parsonage (1866), Parsonage Road;
 * The former church, Old Northern Road, now converted to commercial use.

A notable part of Castle Hill's cultural history was the period from the post-war period until 1968 in which Nobel laureate Patrick White and his partner Manoly Lascaris lived at 74 Showground Road in a house they named "Dogwoods". For much of that period, they worked several hectares of farmland at the site. White wrote several of his most well-known novels while at Castle Hill; the suburb formed the basis of fictional settings for the novels The Tree of Man, The Solid Mandala, Riders in the Chariot, the collection of short stories The Burnt Ones, and the play The Season at Sarsaparilla. In his work, Castle Hill went variously by the names of "Sarsaparilla" and Durilgai". White based several characters on his experience of local individuals in Castle Hill at the time.

Heritage listings
Castle Hill has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
 * Gilbert Road: Third Government Farm
 * 221 Old Northern Road: St Paul's Anglican Church, Castle Hill (former)

Population & Culture
According to the 2016 census, there were 39,594 residents in Castle Hill. 57.8% of people were born in Australia. The most common countries of birth were China 6.8%, England 3.8%, India 3.1%, South Korea 2.3% and South Africa 1.8%. In Castle Hill 61.2% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Mandarin 8.3%, Cantonese 4.2%, Korean 3.0%, Arabic 1.7% and Persian 1.6%. The most common responses for religion in Castle Hill were Catholic 26.8%, No Religion 23.5% and Anglican 14.6%.

Wealth
Castle Hill residents have a personal income that is 18.9% greater than the median national income.

Commercial areas
Castle Hill's commercial area centres on a section of the Old Northern Road at the suburb's eastern side. Its southern side is an older, traditional shopping strip, with the modest-sized Castle Mall shopping centre. Its northern side is dominated by the large Castle Towers shopping centre, with two department stores as well as two Event cinema multiplexes (giving a total of 16 Cinemas). A new library and community centre, with a unit apartment building on its upper floors, opened next to Castle Towers in 2004.

Work has finished by the local council to convert the stretch of Old Northern Road between Castle Mall and Castle Towers, into a plaza walk way. The main traffic road has been diverted through the nearby, Terminus Street. A$900 million plan to add 80,000 square metres to the Castle Towers Shopping Centre has been approved, which will result in Castle Towers becoming the largest shopping centre in New South Wales, with a total of 190,000 square metres of active floorspace.

Castle Hill also has a light industrial area at the suburb's western side. It is linked with the commercial area by Showground Road. The Castle Hill Showground and location of the former Hills Shire Council Chambers and Hills Centre are adjacent to this area.

Residential areas

Castle Hill is a mix of low- to medium-density housing, with exception to a few apartment complexes. In 2005 year under the NSW Housing Strategy Hume Avenue was rezoned to medium density, to allow for low rise unit, and town house developments.

The largest residential area in Castle Hill is located at the two sides of Showground Road, sandwiched between the commercial and the industrial area. Smaller residential areas are located at the east of the commercial area, as well as the suburb's north-east (part of Hornsby Shire, separated by Old Northern Road and Castle Hill Road). These consist almost entirely of free-standing houses. Several government and private schools, as well as an RSL Club, are located within these areas. To the north of Showground Road lies suburban, with approximately 1000 homes, the Samuel Gilbert Public School, Castle Glen Oval and the Knightsbridge Shopping Court. South of Showground Road, and to the east of Old Northern Road, lies the East Excelsior section of the suburb, known for its leafy streets, mature gardens and established homes on large land parcels, which is adjacent to Bidjigal Reserve. Managed by a community Trust, Bidjigal Reserve is about 186ha of bushland located within the Sydney suburbs of Castle Hill, West Pennant Hills, Beecroft, Cherrybrook, North Rocks and Baulkham Hills. There are many walking trails, and three marked tracks: Platypus loops along creeks from the entrance at Excelsior Ave; Burraga follows creeks and climbs Bald Hill from Platypus track, and the Murri Yanna begins at Aiken Road or Heidi Place and follows Darling Mills Creek to North Parramatta.

Transport
The bulk of Castle Hill residents own private vehicles and travel to work using these, however bus services and the Sydney Metro Northwest run to the suburb.

Bus
Castle Hill is well served by private buses operated by CDC NSW which provides express services to Sydney CBD, as well as Parramatta, Pennant Hills, West Pennant Hills, Beecroft, Dural, Hornsby, Macquarie Park, Baulkham Hills, Rouse Hill, Cherrybrook and Busways, which provides services to Stanhope Gardens, Kellyville, Glenwood, Bella Vista and Blacktown. Castle Hill is served by the following services:

CDC NSW
 * 600 – Hornsby to Parramatta via Pennant Hills, Cherrybrook and Baulkham Hills
 * 603 – Rouse Hill Town Centre to Parramatta via Kellyville, Glenhaven and Baulkham Hills
 * 604 – Dural to Parramatta via Hills Showground, Jasper Road and Churchill Drive
 * 610X – Castle Hill to Queen Victoria Building via M2 Motorway
 * 612X – Castle Hill to North Sydney via M2 Motorway (peak hours only)
 * 619 – Castle Hill to Macquarie Park (peak hours only)
 * 632 – Rouse Hill to Pennant Hills via Norwest, Tuckwell Road, Anglican Retirement Village and Cherrybrook Station
 * 633 – Rouse Hill to Pennant Hills via Beaumont Hills, Kellyville, Hills Showground and Cherrybrook Station
 * 635 – Castle Hill to Beecroft via Anglican Retirement Village, Cherrybrook Village, Cherrybrook Station and West Pennant Hills
 * 637 – Castle Hill to Glenorie
 * 638 – Castle Hill to Berrilee
 * 639 – Castle Hill to Kenthurst
 * 651 – Rouse Hill to Epping via T-Way, Kellyville, Hills Showground, West Pennant Hills and Beecroft
 * 660 – Castle Hill (Castlewood Estate) to Parramatta via Hills Showground, Crestwood and Winston Hills
 * 662 – Castle Hill to Parramatta via Tuckwell Road and Norwest

Busways
 * 730 – Castle Hill to Blacktown

Rail
Castle Hill is served by the Castle Hill and Hills Showground stations of the Metro North West Line, which opened on 26 May 2019, connecting Tallawong to Chatswood via S. With the Sydney Metro City & Southwest project under construction, service will continue to the Sydney central business district by 2024.

Between 1910 and 1932, Castle Hill was connected to Parramatta by the Rogans Hill railway line, which opened as a steam tramway line, on 30 July 1910. Major works were undertaken in 1922 to convert the line into a railway, and trains began servicing Castle Hill on 28 January 1923. In 1924, the railway line was extended beyond its existing terminus to Rogans Hill. As a cost-cutting measure, the state Labor government of Jack Lang closed the line on 31 January 1932, amid much public protest.

Several proposals existed for another rail line to Castle Hill, resulting in the Sydney Metro Northwest beginning construction on 18 June 2014.

Education

 * Gilroy Catholic College – Private Catholic College
 * William Clarke College – Private Anglican School, K-12
 * Oakhill College – Private Catholic College
 * St. Bernadette's – Catholic Co-Educational Primary School
 * Castle Hill High School – Public High School
 * Castle Hill Public School – Public Primary School
 * Excelsior Public School – Public Primary School
 * Samuel Gilbert Public School – Public Primary School
 * St. Angela's – Catholic Co-Educational Primary School
 * Oakhill Drive Public School – Public Primary School
 * Castle Hill House – Vocational Centre run by Redeemer Baptist Church
 * Hills Adventist College – Private Seventh Day Adventist K-12 School

Cultural activities
The Hills Centre for the Performing Arts was a theatre and convention venue located on Showground Road, Castle Hill. Opened in late 1988 and under the ownership of The Hills Shire Council it was one of the largest venues of this type in New South Wales until it was demolished in 2013 to make way for the Sydney Metro Northwest.

Castle Hill Players put on six plays a year at the Pavilion Theatre in the grounds of the Castle Hill Showground. They have entertained at the Pavilion Theatre since 1966.

Castle Hill is home to storage for the Powerhouse Museum. The Museums Discovery Centre (MDC) is a collaboration between the Museum of Applied Arts and Sciences (MAAS), Australian Museum (AM) and Sydney Living Museums (SLM). The Museums Discovery Centre is an off-site visible storage and collection care facility, located on the corner of Windsor and Showground roads in Castle Hill. It has a unique and diverse collection of 400,000 objects spanning history, science, technology, design, industry, decorative arts, music, transport and space exploration. The MDC houses 40 per cent of the collection (by volume), or about 50,000 objects and is now open to the general public.

Access programs include themed supervised tours into stores on site; educational programs and workshops, tours for school groups and special-interest groups; school holiday programs; community engagement programs; regional partnership events; and specialist/industry and professional development programs. These provide insight not only to MAAS, AM and SLM Collections but to the important preservation undertaken there.

The Hills Craft Markets are open the fourth Sunday of each month, except January. A variety of arts and crafts and foods are offered for sale. Children can enjoy plaster painting, music, riding and playing in the showground.

In late March the annual Castle Hill Agricultural Show is held at the Castle Hill Showground. This show dates back to the 1880s and reflects the heritage of the Hills District. The show is mainly agricultural with many sheep, cattle and horse competitions on every year. The Castle Hill show also includes novelty games and items, showbags and educational stalls. The show runs for three days over the weekend (Friday, Saturday, and Sunday).

Notable residents
Notable current and former residents of the suburb include:
 * Patrick White – Nobel Prize-winning novelist, playwright, poet, short-story writer, essayist and his partner Manoly Lascaris lived in Castle Hill for eighteen years after World War II
 * Edmond Samuels – pharmacist, composer, author and his partner Joseph Smith lived in Castle Hill from 1950 until his death in 1973
 * Ray Warren – sports commentator, nicknamed "Rabbits" or "Rabbs"
 * Christina Parie – 6th place on The X Factor Australia season 3
 * Georgia Garnett – AFL Women's player
 * Jonathon Webb – racing driver
 * Josh Green – basketball player

title: Castle Hill, New South Wales


text:
User:Morwen

 My name is Abigail Brady. I am from London. Crikey, I've been here a long time. I came to the free culture movement from the free software movement, in which I was active during the late 1990s and early 2000s. I joined Wikipedia in 2003, and became an admin later that year. I wrote and stubbed innumerable articles about national leaders and world geography, along with stuff closer to home.

I used to make lots of maps, but retired from this a long time ago, after other people with actual graphic design skills came along. It was fun to do. I started the article about the 7 July 2005 London bombings. The next day I was interviewed by The World about this and Wikipedia. They used a sentence of me, in which I inadvertently predicted twitter's use in grass-roots news gathering. I also started the article about the rural district of Uxbridge. Nobody has ever interviewed me about that.

I am perhaps to blame for several things, including the use of templates to sidelink articles, image tagging, and the practice of Wikipedians meeting up, and possibly individual articles about episodes of television series.

In the late 2000s I became less active, and therefore have dropped in the high score table from #22 (in late 2006) to #1793 as of 2024. During some of this period I was involved in openstreetmap, mapping Leicester and central London.

I have a professional website.

Other stuff
de:Benutzer:Morwen cy:User:Morwen

title: User:Morwen


text:
Truncated cuboctahedron

In geometry, the truncated cuboctahedron or great rhombicuboctahedron is an Archimedean solid, named by Kepler as a truncation of a cuboctahedron. It has 12 square faces, 8 regular hexagonal faces, 6 regular octagonal faces, 48 vertices, and 72 edges. Since each of its faces has point symmetry (equivalently, 180° rotational symmetry), the truncated cuboctahedron is a 9-zonohedron. The truncated cuboctahedron can tessellate with the octagonal prism.

Names
There is a nonconvex uniform polyhedron with a similar name: the nonconvex great rhombicuboctahedron.

Cartesian coordinates
The Cartesian coordinates for the vertices of a truncated cuboctahedron having edge length 2 and centered at the origin are all the permutations of: $$\Bigl(\pm 1, \quad \pm\left(1 + \sqrt 2\right), \quad \pm\left(1 + 2\sqrt 2\right) \Bigr).$$

Area and volume
The area A and the volume V of the truncated cuboctahedron of edge length a are:
 * $$\begin{align}

A &= 12\left(2+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3}\right) a^2 &&\approx 61.755\,1724~a^2, \\ V &= \left(22+14\sqrt{2}\right) a^3 &&\approx 41.798\,9899~a^3. \end{align}$$

Dissection
The truncated cuboctahedron is the convex hull of a rhombicuboctahedron with cubes above its 12 squares on 2-fold symmetry axes. The rest of its space can be dissected into 6 square cupolas below the octagons, and 8 triangular cupolas below the hexagons.

A dissected truncated cuboctahedron can create a genus 5, 7, or 11 Stewart toroid by removing the central rhombicuboctahedron, and either the 6 square cupolas, the 8 triangular cupolas, or the 12 cubes respectively. Many other lower symmetry toroids can also be constructed by removing the central rhombicuboctahedron, and a subset of the other dissection components. For example, removing 4 of the triangular cupolas creates a genus 3 toroid; if these cupolas are appropriately chosen, then this toroid has tetrahedral symmetry.

Uniform colorings
There is only one uniform coloring of the faces of this polyhedron, one color for each face type.

A 2-uniform coloring, with tetrahedral symmetry, exists with alternately colored hexagons.

Orthogonal projections
The truncated cuboctahedron has two special orthogonal projections in the A2 and B2 Coxeter planes with [6] and [8] projective symmetry, and numerous [2] symmetries can be constructed from various projected planes relative to the polyhedron elements.

Spherical tiling
The truncated cuboctahedron can also be represented as a spherical tiling, and projected onto the plane via a stereographic projection. This projection is conformal, preserving angles but not areas or lengths. Straight lines on the sphere are projected as circular arcs on the plane.

Full octahedral group
Like many other solids the truncated octahedron has full octahedral symmetry - but its relationship with the full octahedral group is closer than that: Its 48 vertices correspond to the elements of the group, and each face of its dual is a fundamental domain of the group.

The image on the right shows the 48 permutations in the group applied to an example object (namely the light JF compound on the left). The 24 light elements are rotations, and the dark ones are their reflections.

The edges of the solid correspond to the 9 reflections in the group:
 * Those between octagons and squares correspond to the 3 reflections between opposite octagons.
 * Hexagon edges correspond to the 6 reflections between opposite squares.
 * (There are no reflections between opposite hexagons.)

The subgroups correspond to solids that share the respective vertices of the truncated octahedron. E.g. the 3 subgroups with 24 elements correspond to a nonuniform snub cube with chiral octahedral symmetry, a nonuniform rhombicuboctahedron with pyritohedral symmetry (the cantic snub octahedron) and a nonuniform truncated octahedron with full tetrahedral symmetry. The unique subgroup with 12 elements is the alternating group A4. It corresponds to a nonuniform icosahedron with chiral tetrahedral symmetry.

Related polyhedra
The truncated cuboctahedron is one of a family of uniform polyhedra related to the cube and regular octahedron.

This polyhedron can be considered a member of a sequence of uniform patterns with vertex configuration (4.6.2p) and Coxeter-Dynkin diagram. For p < 6, the members of the sequence are omnitruncated polyhedra (zonohedrons), shown below as spherical tilings. For p < 6, they are tilings of the hyperbolic plane, starting with the truncated triheptagonal tiling.

It is first in a series of cantitruncated hypercubes:

Truncated cuboctahedral graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, a truncated cuboctahedral graph (or great rhombcuboctahedral graph) is the graph of vertices and edges of the truncated cuboctahedron, one of the Archimedean solids. It has 48 vertices and 72 edges, and is a zero-symmetric and cubic Archimedean graph.

title: Truncated cuboctahedron