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Hurricane Mitch

Hurricane Mitch was the second-deadliest Atlantic hurricane on record. Mitch caused 11,374 fatalities in Central America in 1998, including approximately 7,000 in Honduras and 3,800 in Nicaragua due to cataclysmic flooding from the slow motion of the storm. It was the deadliest hurricane in Central American history, surpassing Hurricane Fifi–Orlene, which killed slightly fewer people in that area in 1974. Mitch was the deadliest Atlantic hurricane in the satellite era, and the second-deadliest on record in the Atlantic, only behind the Great Hurricane of 1780 which killed at least 22,000 people.

The thirteenth named storm, ninth hurricane, and third major hurricane of the 1998 Atlantic hurricane season, Mitch formed in the western Caribbean Sea on October 22, and after responding to extremely favorable conditions, it rapidly strengthened to peak at Category 5 status, the highest possible rating on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale. After drifting southwestward and weakening, the hurricane hit Honduras as a minimal Category 1 hurricane. Mitch roved through Central America, regenerated in the Bay of Campeche, and ultimately impacted Florida as a strong tropical storm. It then became extratropical and accelerated northeastward across the North Atlantic, before dissipating on November 9. At the time, Mitch was the strongest Atlantic hurricane observed in the month of October, though it has since been surpassed by Hurricane Wilma of the 2005 season. In addition, Mitch is the eighth-most intense Atlantic hurricane on record, tied with Hurricane Dean in 2007 in terms of pressure.

Being "the deadliest Atlantic hurricane" in over 200 years, Mitch caused catastrophic impacts across its path, but the most disastrous impacts came from Honduras, which suffered over half of the total deaths. President of Honduras Carlos Roberto Flores estimated that Mitch set back about 50 years of economic development. The storm wrecked about 35,000 houses and damaged another 50,000, leaving up to 1.5 million people homeless, about 20 percent of the country's population. Mitch directly caused $2.005 billion in damage, with an additional $1.8 billion in indirect costs. Most of the damage were ruined crops, and cash crop exports were cut by 9.4 percent in 1999, largely due to the storm. Over 70 percent of the transportation infrastructure was damaged, mostly damaged highways and bridges. Widespread areas experienced power outages, and about 70 percent of the country lost its water sources after the storm. In Tegucigalpa, a large landslide affected three neighborhoods and formed a temporary dam. Throughout the country, there were at least 7,000 fatalities, some reported in each department. Following the storm, officials in Honduras requested international assistance, which totaled $2.8 billion over a several-year period. Despite this, the gross domestic product began decreasing at the end of 1998, and contracted by 1.9 percent in 1999. Officials enacted a widespread curfew following the storm, and for 15 days temporarily restricted constitutional rights to maintain order. There were outbreaks of various diseases, and many residents faced food and water shortages.

Due to the slow motion from October 29 to November 3, Hurricane Mitch dropped historic amounts of rainfall in Honduras, Guatemala, and Nicaragua, with unofficial reports of up to 75 in. Deaths due to catastrophic flooding made it the second deadliest Atlantic hurricane in history after the Great Hurricane of 1780; at least 11,374 people were confirmed to have been killed with over 11,000 left missing by the end of 1998; the true death toll is unknown. Additionally, roughly 2.7 million were left homeless as a result of the hurricane. Total damages caused by the hurricane were estimated to be around $6 billion (1998 USD). The name "Mitch" was retired, and will not be used for another Atlantic tropical cyclone.

Meteorological history
Tropical Depression Thirteen formed on October 22 over the southwestern Caribbean Sea, from a tropical wave that exited Africa on October 10. It executed a small loop, and while doing so intensified into Tropical Storm Mitch. A weakness in a ridge allowed the storm to track slowly to the north. After becoming disorganized due to wind shear from an upper-level low, Mitch quickly intensified in response to extremely favorable conditions, including warm waters and good outflow. It became a hurricane on October 24 and developed an eye. After turning to the west, Mitch rapidly intensified, first into a major hurricane on October 25 and then into a Category 5 on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale the next day.

At peak intensity, Mitch maintained maximum sustained winds of 180 mph while off the northern coast of Honduras. Hurricane Hunters reported a minimum barometric pressure of 905 mbar, which at the time was the lowest in the month of October and tied for the fourth lowest for any Atlantic hurricane. Initially, the National Hurricane Center (NHC) and various tropical cyclone forecast models anticipated a turn to the north, threatening the Yucatán peninsula. Instead, Mitch turned to the south, due to a ridge that was not observed while the storm was active. Land interaction imparted weakening, and the hurricane made landfall on Honduras on October 29 with winds of 80 mph.

While over land, Mitch moved slowly westward through Central America, while continuing to produce deep convection over waters. The surface circulation dissipated on November 1. The next day, the remnants of Mitch reached the Bay of Campeche. On November 3, the remnants redeveloped into a tropical storm just off the coast of the Mexican state of Campeche, and a day later the storm made another landfall just north of the city of Campeche. Mitch accelerated to the northeast ahead of a cold front, moving across the Yucatán peninsula and re-entering the Gulf of Mexico. The storm reattained winds of 70 mph before it made a final landfall near Naples, Florida on November 5. Shortly after crossing the state, Mitch transitioned into an extratropical cyclone. The NHC tracked this storm until November 9, when former Hurricane Mitch passed north of Scotland.

Preparations
Due to the threat, the government of Honduras evacuated some of the 45,000 citizens on the Bay Islands and prepared all air and naval resources. The government of Belize issued a purple alert and asked for citizens on offshore islands to leave for the mainland. Because the hurricane threatened to strike near Belize City as a Category 4 hurricane, much of the city was evacuated in fear of a repeat of Hurricane Hattie 37 years earlier. Guatemala issued a purple alert as well, recommending boats to stay in port, telling people to prepare or seek shelter, and warning of potential overflowing rivers. By the time hurricane Mitch made landfall, numerous people were evacuated along the western Caribbean coastline, including 100,000 in Honduras, 10,000 in Guatemala, and 20,000 in the Mexican state of Quintana Roo.

Impact
Hurricane Mitch was the deadliest Atlantic hurricane since the Great Hurricane of 1780, displacing the Galveston Hurricane of 1900 as the second-deadliest on record. Nearly 11,000 people were confirmed dead, and almost as many reported missing. Deaths were mostly from flooding and mudslides in Central America, where the slow-moving hurricane and then tropical storm dropped nearly 36 in of rain. The flooding and mudslides damaged or destroyed tens of thousands of homes, with total damage amounting to over $5 billion (1998 USD, $6 billion 2006 USD), most of which was in Honduras and Nicaragua. Prior to Mitch, the deadliest hurricane in Central America was Hurricane Fifi in 1974, which killed an estimated 8,000–10,000.

Honduras
While offshore northern Honduras, Hurricane Mitch passed over Guanaja island. High waves eroded northern coastlines and damaged lagoons. Most of the Bay Islands had damage to their water facilities. Two days of winds exceeding 200 km/h destroyed nearly all of the plants and trees on Guanaja, uprooting or knocking down almost the entire mangrove forest. It is estimated that the hurricane produced waves of 44 ft in height.

While moving slowly for several days offshore Honduras, Hurricane Mitch drew moisture from the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, producing high amounts of rainfall of over 300 mm per day. The highest official total was 928 mm at Choluteca, which represented more than half of the annual precipitation average; at the same location, 466.7 mm fell in a 24-hour period on October 31, which was more than double of the previous record set in 1985. There were unofficial rainfall totals in Central America as high as 1900 mm; rain gauges in mountainous areas were washed away. The high rainfall caused many rivers in the country to overflow "to an unprecedented extent this century", as described by the United Nations. The rainfall collected in rivers, causing extensive river flooding across the country. The greatest depth recorded was 12.5 m on the Ulúa River near Chinda, whilst the greatest width recorded was 359 m on the Río Lean near Arizona. The rainfall also caused widespread mudslides across the mountainous country. In the country's interior, particularly the southern portion, the high rainfall caused hundreds of landslides, many of them shallow and about 95% in the form of debris flow. However, two earthflows caused significant damage near Tegucigalpa.

Hurricane Mitch wrought significant damage to Honduras, affecting nearly the entire population and causing damage in all 18 departments. The United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean estimated that Mitch caused the worst floods of the 20th century in the country. An estimated 70–80% of transportation network was destroyed, including most bridges and secondary roads, amounting to $236 million in damage. Hurricane Mitch left widespread power outages after damaging more than 385 km of power lines and several power plants. About 70% of Honduras lost access to fresh water after the storm, although many rural areas had already been experiencing water shortages. The combined damage to transportation, communication, utilities, including power and water, was estimated at $665 million.

High water levels along the Choluteca River affected the capital, Tegucigalpa, reaching levels 10 m above their banks. The floods damaged about one-third of buildings, including some more than 350 years old. Across Honduras, agriculture sustained serious damage, with initial estimates of 70% of crops destroyed. About 50,000 bovine were killed, as were 60% of the fowl population. Crop and agricultural damage totaled about $1 billion, which would take the country years to recover. Honduras's Social Fund for Housing estimated that 35,000 houses nationwide were destroyed with another 50,000 damaged, leaving 1.5 million people homeless – about 20% of the total population. This was the highest number of victims from any natural disaster in Honduras's history. Overall, Hurricane Mitch killed about 7,000 people in Honduras, and damage was estimated at L52,345,000,000 ($3.8 billion), of which $2.005 billion was from direct damages and the remainder from indirect costs. The overall impact represented about 70% of Honduras's annual gross domestic product (GDP).

Nicaragua
Though Mitch never entered Nicaragua, its large circulation caused extensive rainfall, with estimates of over 50 in. In some places, as much as 25 in of rain fell on coastal areas. The flank of the Casita Volcano failed and turned into a lahar from excessive rain. The resulting mudslide ultimately covered an area 10 mi long and 5 mi wide.

Two million people in Nicaragua were directly affected by the hurricane. Across the country, Mitch's heavy rains damaged 17,600 houses and destroyed 23,900, displacing 368,300 of the population. 340 schools and 90 health centers were severely damaged or destroyed. Sewage systems and the electricity subsector were severely damaged, and, combined with property, damage totaled to $300 million (1998 USD).

Transportation was greatly affected by the hurricane, as well. The rainfall left 70% of the roads unusable or destroyed and greatly damaged 92 bridges. Over 1,700 mi of highways or access roads needed replacement subsequent to the storm, especially in the northern part of the country and along portions of the Pan-American Highway. Total transportation damage amounted to $300 million (1998 USD). Agricultural losses were significant, including the deaths of 50,000 animals, mostly bovines. Crops and fisheries were affected greatly as well, and, combined with agricultural losses, damage totaled to $185 million (1998 USD).

The situation was further compounded by a total of 75,000 live land mines—left over from the Contra insurgency of the 1980s—that were calculated to have been uprooted and relocated by the floodwaters.

In all, Hurricane Mitch caused at least 3,800 fatalities in Nicaragua, of which more than 2,000 were killed in the towns of El Provenir and Rolando Rodriguez from the landslide at the Casita volcano. The mudslide buried at least four villages completely in several feet of mud. Throughout the entire country, the hurricane left between 500,000 and 800,000 homeless. In all, damage in Nicaragua is estimated at $1 billion (1998 USD).

Caribbean Sea
Mitch was also responsible for the loss with all hands of Windjammer Barefoot Cruises' schooner Fantome. The story was recorded in the book The Ship and The Storm by Jim Carrier. The schooner, which was sailing near the center of the hurricane, experienced over 50 ft waves and over 100 mph winds, causing her to sink off the coast of Honduras.

On the south coast of Cuba, the hurricane caused waves of up to 13 ft high and winds gusts peaking at 42 mph, causing numerous tourists and workers on the Isle of Youth and Cayo Largo del Sur to leave for safer grounds.

In Jamaica, where officials declared hurricane warnings 12 hours prior to its closest approach, Mitch caused moderate rainfall and gusty winds for days. Strong waves hit western Jamaica, with wave heights unofficially estimated at nearly 7 ft in height. The rainfall in outer rainbands, at times severe, flooded many roads across the island and left them covered with debris. One house in Spanish Town collapsed from the flooding, leaving four homeless. Many other homes and buildings were flooded, forcing many to evacuate. A river in northeastern Jamaica overflowed its banks, while heavy rainfall across the mountainous parts of the country caused numerous mudslides. In all, Mitch killed three people on Jamaica.

On the Cayman Islands, the hurricane caused strong waves, gusty winds, and heavy rainfall at times. Damage was relatively minimal, amounting to blown out windows and beach erosion. Strong waves damaged or destroyed many docks on the south shore of the islands, and also sank one dive ship near Grand Cayman. In addition, numerous incoming and outgoing flights were cancelled.

Rest of Central America
Due to Mitch's large circulation, it dropped heavy precipitation as far south as Panama and Colombia, especially in the Darién and Chiriquí provinces. The flooding washed away a few roads and bridges, and damaged numerous houses and schools, leaving thousands homeless. The hurricane left three casualties in Panama.

In Costa Rica, Mitch dropped heavy rains, causing flash flooding and mudslides across the country, mostly in the northeastern part of the country. The storm impacted 2,135 homes to some degree, of which 241 were destroyed, leaving 4,000 homeless. Throughout the country, the rainfall and mudslides affected 126 bridges and 800 mi or roads, mostly on the Inter-American Highway which was affected by Hurricane Cesar, two years prior. Mitch affected 115 mi2 of crop lands, causing damage to both export and domestic crops. In all, Hurricane Mitch caused $92 million in damage (1998 USD) and seven deaths.

While drifting through El Salvador, the hurricane dropped immense amounts of precipitation, resulting in flash flooding and mudslides through the country. Multiple rivers, including the Río Grande de San Miguel and the Lempa River overflowed, contributing to overall damage. The flooding damaged more than 10,000 houses, leaving around 84,000 homeless and forcing 500,000 to evacuate. Crop damage was severe, with serious flooding occurring on 386 mi2 of pasture or crop land. The flooding destroyed 37% of the bean production, 19% of the corn production, and 20% losses in sugar canes. There were heavy losses in livestock as well, including the deaths of 10,000 cattle. Total agricultural and livestock damaged amounted to $154 million (1998 USD). In addition, the flooding destroyed two bridges and damaged 1,200 mi of unpaved roads. In all, Mitch caused nearly $400 million in damage (1998 USD) and 240 deaths.

Similar to the rest of Central America, Mitch's heavy rains caused mudslides and severe flooding over Guatemala. The flooding destroyed 6,000 houses and damaged 20,000 others, displacing over 730,000 and forcing over 100,000 to evacuate. In addition, the flooding destroyed 27 schools and damaged 286 others, 175 severely. Flooding caused major damage to crops, while landslides destroyed crop land across the country. The most severely affected crops for domestic consumption were tomatoes, bananas, corn, other vegetables, and beans, with damaged totaling to $48 million (1998 USD). Export crops such as bananas or coffee were greatly damaged as well, with damage amounting to $325 million (1998 USD). Damage to plantations and soil totaled to $121 million (1998 USD). The flooding also caused severe damage to the transportation infrastructure, including the loss of 37 bridges. Across the country, flooding damaged or destroyed 840 mi of roads, of which nearly 400 mi were sections of major highways. In all, Hurricane Mitch caused $748 million (1998 USD) and 268 deaths in Guatemala. In addition, Mitch caused 11 indirect deaths when a plane crashed during the storm.

In Belize, the hurricane was less severe than initially predicted, though Mitch still caused heavy rainfall across the country. Numerous rivers exceeded their crests, though the rainfall was beneficial to trees in mountainous areas. The flooding caused extensive crop damage and destroyed many roads. Throughout the country, eleven people died because of the hurricane.

In Mexico, Mitch produced gusty winds and heavy rains on the Yucatán Peninsula, with Cancún on the Quintana Roo coast being the worst hit. Nine people were killed from the flooding, though damage was relatively minimal. The maximum 24-hour rainfall total from Mitch was 13.4 in in Campeche, while the highest rainfall total was 16.85 in in Ciudad del Carmen.

Florida and Europe
Then a tropical storm, Mitch caused a storm surge of up to 4 ft in the lower Florida Keys before making landfall on the Florida west coast. Key West International Airport reported peak wind gusts of 55 mph and sustained winds of 40 mph, the only report of tropical storm force in the state. Offshore, the Fowey Rocks Light reported wind gusts of 73 mph. In addition, Mitch caused moderate rainfall, peaking at 7 in in Jupiter, though some estimates indicate localized totals of up to 10 in. The storm spawned five tornadoes over the state, the strongest of which was rated F2.

In the Florida Keys, multiple buildings that had been damaged by Hurricane Georges were leveled by Mitch. Tornadoes from the storm damaged or destroyed 645 houses across the state, in addition to injuring 65 people. Gusty winds left 100,000 without power during the storm's passage. In all, Mitch caused $40 million in damage (1998 USD) in Florida and two deaths from drowning when two boats capsized.

As an extratropical cyclone, Mitch passed west of Ireland and the United Kingdom. In Ireland, the storm produced gusts as high as 90 mph and 30 ft waves. The winds knocked down trees and power lines, leaving over 30,000 homes without power. One tree fell onto a car in Louth, severely injuring the driver. In Dublin, high winds knocked the roof off of a building, and several other buildings nationwide were damaged. The storm caused airports to close and ferry service to be suspended.

Aftermath

As a result of the extreme damage and loss of life caused by Hurricane Mitch, the name Mitch was retired by the World Meteorological Organization following this storm, and will never again be used for a North Atlantic tropical cyclone. It was replaced with Matthew for the 2004 season.

After the disaster, countries around the world donated significant aid, totaling $6.3 billion (1998 USD). Throughout Central America, which was recovering from an economic crisis that occurred in 1996, many wished to continue the growth of the infrastructure and economy. In addition, after witnessing the vulnerability to hurricanes, the affected governments endeavored to prevent such a disaster from occurring again.

Hundreds of thousands of people lost their homes, but many took this as an opportunity to rebuild stronger houses. With a new, structurally improved foundation, homes were redesigned to be able to withstand another hurricane. However, lack of arable crop land took away the jobs from many, decreasing an already low income even lower.

Following the passage of Mitch, disease outbreaks occurred throughout Central America, including cholera, leptospirosis, and dengue fever. Over 2,328 cases of cholera were reported, killing 34 people. Guatemala was most affected by the bacterium, where most of the deaths occurred from contaminated food. 450 cases of leptospirosis were reported in Nicaragua, killing seven people. There were over 1,357 cases of dengue reported, though no deaths were reported from the disease.

While stalling over the western Caribbean Sea, Mitch's strong winds produced strong waves, damaging local coral reefs. Later, the storm's immense rainfall led to runoff polluted with debris and fresh water. This resulted in diseases occurring within the coral. However, the hurricane's upwelling cooled the warm water temperatures, preventing significant bleaching and destruction of the coral reef.

Mitch caused such massive and widespread damage that Honduran President Carlos Roberto Flores claimed it destroyed fifty years of progress in the country. Honduras, the country most affected by the hurricane, received significant aid for the millions impacted by the hurricane. Mexico quickly gave help, sending 700 tons of food, 11 tons of medicine, four rescue planes, rescue personnel, and trained search dogs. Cuba also volunteered, sending a contingent of physicians to the country. The U.S. administration offered at first troops stationed in Honduras, and then withdrew them a few days after the storm. They also at first offered only $2 million (1998 USD) in aid, which came as a shock to residents, and president Carlos Roberto Flores alike. The U.S. later increased their offer to $70 million (1998 USD). The Honduran government distributed food, water, and medical services to the hurricane victims, including the more than 4 million without water. In addition, the country initially experienced a sharp increase in the unemployment rate, largely due to the destruction of crop lands. However, rebuilding provided jobs in the following years. In Costa Rica, reconstruction after the hurricane increased the number of jobs by 5.9%, lowering the unemployment rate slightly.

Hurricane Mitch impacts

 * Fantome – A sail cruise ship that was lost during Hurricane Mitch

Deadly hurricanes

 * List of deadliest Atlantic hurricanes
 * Great Hurricane of 1780 – The deadliest Atlantic hurricane on record
 * 1900 Galveston hurricane – The deadliest hurricane ever to strike the U.S.
 * Hurricane Flora (1963) - Category 4 hurricane which was the fifth-deadliest Atlantic Hurricane on record.
 * Hurricane Fifi-Orlene (1974) - Category 2 hurricane which was the third-deadliest Atlantic hurricane on record.
 * Typhoon Nina (1975) - Category 4 super typhoon which was the deadliest typhoon on record, and the third-deadliest tropical cyclone worldwide.
 * 1970 Bhola cyclone – The deadliest tropical cyclone on record, worldwide
 * Storm Daniel (2023) – a medicane which caused catastrophic dam failures that led to thousands of deaths in Libya.

Storms similar in track and/or intensity

 * List of Category 5 Atlantic hurricanes
 * List of wettest tropical cyclones
 * Hurricane Felix (2007) – A Category 5 hurricane that devastated Central America
 * Hurricane Eta (2020) – A Category 4 hurricane that also devastated Central America and took a similar erratic track through the Caribbean Sea
 * Hurricane Iota (2020) - A Category 4 hurricane that also brought devastating damage to Central America

title: Hurricane Mitch


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Talk:Tombstone, Arizona

So it prospered 2 years before it was founded?
ROFL. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2.97.112.219 (talk) 23:09, 9 February 2017 (UTC)

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Hollywood Depiction
I'd be interested in comments regarding the depiction of Tombstone in the movies, Wyatt Earp and  Tombstone.

Whores
I don't think it's appropriate to use the word "whore," which is "widely considered pejorative" according to the WP article. The source for the statement in which it's used (twice, for some reason), doesn't use "whore," it says "commercial sisters." I would go for "prostitute," which is widely used and more precise. Kendall-K1 (talk) 18:56, 26 October 2012 (UTC)

Soiled Doves? I see this often on books in Tombstone. 65.129.248.49 (talk) 03:43, 23 October 2017 (UTC)

Map
There is not adequate explanation of the square that is a map of the county. What are the enclosed white areas (unincorporated inhabited places perhaps) and what is the small red square (the county seat, unnamed?) ?Kdammers (talk) 10:11, 28 October 2014 (UTC)

65.129.248.49 (talk) 03:36, 23 October 2017 (UTC)== External links modified ==

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John ("Doc") Holliday
Added Holliday's name to participants in  Fremont Street  shootout, (as it was properly known until movies) as Holliday was a friend of Wyatt Earp and aided him in the gunfight with a coach  gun. Wyatt was a bad shot, Holladay took one in the leg for him. You might also add it was snowing that day in October. That is why the men wore dusters. 65.129.230.14 (talk) 01:58, 26 October 2017 (UTC)

Discussion at Redirects for discussion/Log/2019 December 12
You are invited to join the discussion at Redirects for discussion/Log/2019 December 12. Shhhnotsoloud (talk) 17:45, 13 December 2019 (UTC)

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Talk:Whetstone, Arizona

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Talk:Willcox, Arizona

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Removed the allegations of a corrupt police depatment. No charges have ever been filed against the Willcox Department of Public Saftey or it's Officers according the the county attoreny's office.

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Talk:Bitter Springs, Arizona

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What time is it in Cameron?
I've just been to the Cameron Trading Post, and everything (the store, the hotel, the restaurant) is running on Arizona time. I can imagine since Cameron is on the road between Flagstaff and Page (both non-Navajo Arizona), it's natural for them to conduct business in MST. But what about the rest of the settlement? HkCaGu (talk) 05:28, 21 July 2010 (UTC)

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Talk:Flagstaff, Arizona

Infobox image overload?
The infobox seems to go on forever, largely due to having a bunch of images. The skyline image is also dwarfed by the many others (and the parameters won't let it be any bigger). Possibly all of the maps are justified, though the census one could at least be moved to the demographics body section. However, the seal is very big (unlike most), and I don't see much use for it. The justification treats it like a company logo and says it is needed so that readers know they've landed on the right page... there are not many cities called Flagstaff, though, it's going to be hard to get it confused with anything. I'd like to open discussion on if some images should be removed from the infobox and, if so, which. Kingsif (talk) 00:57, 7 May 2020 (UTC)
 * , Perhaps the seal could be made smaller? That or removed and put elsewhere in the article. Also, I think the census map could go. Its not very high quality, and there's already three other maps in the infobox. CaptainEek  Edits Ho Cap'n!⚓ 01:19, 7 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Could I suggest all the highways in the infobox be moved into the article, and the seal be moved into the "seal" parameter. Thanks. Magnolia677 (talk) 20:38, 23 September 2021 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
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 * Mural in the centre of Flagstaff (portrait crop).jpg

there is a YouTuber by the name plainrock124
should he be added Ytxct (talk) 16:03, 1 November 2023 (UTC)

 * no. Kingsif (talk) 12:35, 2 November 2023 (UTC)

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Talk:Fredonia, Arizona

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Talk:Kaibab, Arizona

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Talk:Kaibito, Arizona

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Talk:LeChee, Arizona

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Talk:Moenkopi, Arizona

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Talk:Munds Park, Arizona

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What is Munds Park "known" for?
The following editorial comments do not necessarily represent the opinion of anyone other than the author (editor) [see the .sig dated June 5, 2016]. However, IMHO, they might happen to represent the opinions of many persons in Arizona, who occasionally drive on I-17, to or from Flagstaff.

The "[blockquote]"-ed part of these comments is based upon the most recent version of the article -- (that is, the Latest revision as of 01:44, 27 June 2015 version of the article) -- "as of" June 5, 2016, which is when this section was added to the "Talk:" page.

The article contains ("as of" the date mentioned above) the assertion that"Munds Park is widely regarded for its variety of outdoor recreation opportunities in all seasons."

The above "[blockquote]"-ed sentence does not agree with my records.

All of my friends -- except for one guy and his wife, who have a trailer (or "mobile home") in Munds Park -- know "nothing" of Munds Park except for the fact that it contains a trailer (or "mobile home") park, that one passes when going on I-17 to or from Flagstaff.

In fact, among those friends of mine, most of them "usually" drive right past the trailer (or "mobile home") park in Munds Park without even stopping, unless a passenger or someone is hungry or has to go to the bathroom, or needs to buy gas... and, since Munds Park is so close to Flagstaff -- ((only "24 min (20.9 mi) via I-17", according to Google (Maps)!)) -- some of them drive right past it even if one such "stopping reason" does apply ... if it is not too urgent.

Hence, among this un-scientific sample, of people's attitudes towards Munds Park, the only thing that the place is "widely regarded for", is: having a trailer (or "mobile home") park, (visible from the highway), that is right near I-17, about 21 miles from Flagstaff, which one passes -- typically without even stopping -- when driving on I-17 south of Flagstaff.

IMHO, even some "usually reliable" sources tend to rely on the attitudes of people who work for "P.R." firms or tourist information bureaus, when talking (or writing) about what a certain place is [supposedly] "widely regarded for".

In some cases (and I think this might be one) the exaggeration could stand to be toned down a notch. Just my 0.02. YMMV.

Any comments? --Mike Schwartz (talk) 18:39, 5 June 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Munds Park, Arizona


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Talk:Page, Arizona

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It looks like the satellite picture is upside down - south is up, and north is down. No big deal, but it could be confusing - CosmicPenguin (Talk) 23:10, 16 October 2006 (UTC)

The link to the mayor, Dan Brown, directs to the page of the famous writer, not the actual mayor of Page. I don't know how to change things like this, so I guess someone else will do this.

Extenal Links
Please do not add links to commercial websites; per the policy on external websites these types of links are not allowed on Wikipedia; please feel free to ask if you have questions. Qwyrxian (talk) 15:55, 24 July 2010 (UTC)

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Time zone
Contrary to what is stated in the info box, Page is not in the Pacific time zone, but rather in the Mountain time zone. However, since the State of Arizona does not observe daylight saving time (except for the Navajo Reservation), during the period when dst is in effect elsewhere, Arizona, still on Mountain standard time, has the same time as Pacific. Once dst goes off, Arizona is once again an hour different from Pacific time. Wschart (talk) 02:55, 13 November 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Page, Arizona


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Talk:Parks, Arizona

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title: Talk:Parks, Arizona


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Talk:Sedona, Arizona

Rock type
Declared in the article as sandstone unique to the area - I was informed by a knowlegable guide that it is Redwall Limestone, which is also found in lower portions of the Grand Canyon. Is there a geologist out there? - Leonard G. 03:41, 31 May 2006 (UTC)

 * The Redwall Limestone is found in the lower Grand Canyon but it is not exposed in Sedona. Nearly all of the Red Rock formations around Sedona were eroded out of the Schnebly Hill Formation. There is also quite a bit of Coconino Sandstone in Sedona but this is a white-tan colored rock, this is a younger rock layer and is found near the top of Wilson Mountain and along the rim of Oak Creek Canyon. There are also a few scattered exposures of the Hermit Shale and Esplanade Sandstone in NE Sedona. There are a few areas in Sycamore Canyon, about 10 miles west of Sedona, where the Redwall is exposed but I am almost positive there are no exposures in the Sedona area. Huge cliffs of Redwall Limestone can be found in the Mingus Mtns. about 20 miles SW of Sedona. The Schnebly Hill Formation is quite a bit younger than the Redwall Limestone, the Schnebly Hill is of Permian age while the Redwall was deposited during the Mississippian period. The Schnebly Hill is unique to the Sedona Area, I believe that Sedona is the only area where that layer is exposed in Northern Arizona. It pinches out just north of Sedona in Oak Creek Canyon and is not even found at the Grand Canyon.

 * This being said, I am not a professional geologist. I do have a long-standing interest in geology and I have taken several field trips with geologists from the USGS to the Sedona area and have read several books regarding the geology of this area. I hope I explained this clearly enough!-Nebular110 16:14, 31 May 2006 (UTC)

Bell Rock
Why no image of Bell Rock? Fred Bauder 20:42, 29 July 2006 (UTC) (This edit was just for fun while showing someone from Sedona the article)

 * Have a look at Village of Oak Creek, Arizona. Cheers, Pete Tillman 19:55, 28 June 2007 (UTC)

Overdevelopment
I just visited Sedona for the first time. While being stunned by the geology and scenery, I was also saddened by the degree to which the developed town has sprawled over what seems to be nearly every flat surface at the foot of the beautiful red cliffs. Surely the aesthetic damage done by suburban style houses and expensive resorts ought to be part of any responsible discussion of the town and region of Sedona. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Melampous (talk • contribs) 22:10, December 25, 2006
 * If you can find a source backing up your claims feel free to add it to the page, but please cite your source. BJ Talk 06:18, 26 December 2006 (UTC)
 * I agree with you. I drove the length of 89-A this summer and Sedona was the only place on that road that I really disliked.  I was like...wow...east coast congestion again.  Cazort (talk) 01:38, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

Sedona Development
The issue with the Sedona development is an increasing one. However, without the development of resorts, hotels, roads and such, tourist would crowd the town. Most of the developments that have been made around Sedona are to benefit the locals. The locals need the roads and the expansion because of the rapid increase in tourist traffic. This is a natural increase that can't be stopped. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 12.164.196.100 (talk) 20:32, 7 January 2007 (UTC).
 * To say you can't stop development is silly. Communities can do lots of stuff with zoning and other laws to constrain or guide development.  Look at North Royalton, OH as an example.  They decided they'd rather preserve the unique rural character of their community rather than grow with faceless subdivisions like their neighbors in Strongsville, OH.  Look at an aerial photograph to see the difference.  Cazort (talk) 01:35, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

When Sedona incorporated in 1988, the city government inherited zoning codes from the two counties. The city instituted a Community Plan per state law, but the plan often conflicts with the existing zoning codes. Nevertheless, development is governed by a combination of the codes and the Sedona Community Plan. Residential and commercial development is roughly 80 percent built-out,according to city documents. --Cyndy Hardy (talk) 16:14, 25 November 2008 (UTC)

Disambiguation
Editor Mjtrayner believes that a cross-reference to the Kia Sedona automobile is a "Kia Motors (car company) advertisment which has absolutely nothing to do with Sedona AZ"

The cross-reference is here because the main entry for this model is the Kia Carnival, its name outside the USA & Canada. Not even remotely an advertisement. I've restored the link. Pete Tillman 20:06, 28 June 2007 (UTC)

Help
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32.2% of all households are made up of individuals

The other 67.8%, of course, are made up of Borg. -- SS 19:40, 15 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Wikipedia is sorely lacking in this kind concisely-hilarious esoteric-talk-page exchange. Wish I knew how to find more of this Scyllagist (talk) 12:32, 11 January 2018 (UTC)

Sedona Skatefest dead?
We have this listed as an annual event, but Google can find no mention of a 2007 or 2008 event (last was 2006). Is it dead? Thanks, Pete Tillman (talk) 18:59, 30 December 2007 (UTC)

I know there was one in 2007, in the early summer I think.12.164.197.120 (talk) 15:40, 11 January 2008 (UTC)

Paranormal matters
This area is known for some bizarre paranormal matters, such as UFOs and contact with bizarre creatures and even aliens. Google "Sedona, Arizona/Paranormal matters", related matters. 65.173.104.93 (talk) 02:08, 15 August 2008 (UTC)

Celebrity Visitors
Why is this even enumerated? A million freakin' celebrities have been to Cleveland. The Cleveland, Ohio page doesn't have a list of celebrities who have visited it. Why is this important? Sure, ones who have lived here -maybe- but pretty much every other city only has people who were born or raised there. I'm gonna go add to the Denver, CO page now that Bernie Kosar visited the city several times in the 1980s. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 12.49.157.67 (talk) 19:40, 23 October 2008 (UTC)

 * Yes, I agree. I have removed the irrelevant celebrity 'visitors'. I have also trimmed the other irrelevant information and non notables per Famous Residents and to keep them in line with these sections in other articles. People can click the names and read if they want more information but when these people were born and what they did is not relevant to the subject of this article itself. Mfield (talk) 22:38, 23 October 2008 (UTC)

Sedona at sunset
Sunset? In the photo, the sky is light blue and the shadows are at a 45 degree angle. I'd say it's more like "Sedona at mid-afternoon." GeneCallahan (talk) 21:17, 26 February 2011 (UTC)

 * Heh. That's really Bell Rock, in the VOC, and not really that good a photo. I subbed in the classic Sedona view. Better? Cheers, Pete Tillman (talk) 01:59, 27 February 2011 (UTC)

Notable Residents
As per WP:Famous Residents I've removed the Notable Residents sections. Of the people listed, all failed to meet the Famous Residents policy criteria. Specifically:

"'The person must be or must have been a true resident of the location itself; not a seasonal resident; not a resident of a nearby locale or community. Such residence must be verifiable through cited, reliable sources.'"

and

"'The person's notability must derive from the location OR the person must have derived the basis for their notability in that location OR the person must hold some significance to the location in general.'"

I'm certainly willing to entertain a discussion, but I thought I'd give WP:Be bold a shot. :) Cory Donnelly (talk) 13:59, 11 March 2011 (UTC)

 * Nope. WP:Famous Residents isn't policy -- it's just an essay. That said, the list could use trimming. But it's silly to require " true residence" (whatever that means) in a resort town. -- Pete Tillman (talk) 02:42, 12 March 2011 (UTC)

Unsourced 2010 census data in Infobox
I've deleted the incomplete, malformed source given as the "population reference" in the Infobox settlement for this article. Here's what was there: and here's what it replaced, from the 2007 census, in a 15:36, 2 August 2011 (UTC) edit: It looks to me like the editor didn't copy the entire URL and accidentally overwrote the "title" and part of the "publisher" arguments for the cite web template, rather than updating them. The result is a big, red, broken-reference error in the References section of this article. I attempted to divine the information from the newly cited Census Bureau website, but it's a typical inscrutable Federal database that's friendlier to professional researchers (and probably hackers) than to ordinary mortals who expect common web interfaces. So I left in the updated data but fact-tagged it.

Besides asking for the community to dig up a working source for this information, I ask every editor to PLEASE preview your edits before your save. It takes a few extra seconds, but it often saves you the embarrassment and everyone else plenty of headaches trying to fix things. ~ Jeff Q (talk) 02:56, 6 September 2011 (UTC)

Sedona The Movie
The whole "Sedona: The Movie" section and the link at the bottom were clearly only added for self-promotion and do not belong in an encyclopedic article on Sedona. Shouldn't this be removed? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.89.181.105 (talk) 11:23, 18 October 2012 (UTC)

Cinematic legacy copyvio
Much of cinematic legacy section -- which was tonally inappropriate anyway -- was copypasted from the book https://books.google.ca/books?id=dNhLCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT194&lpg=PT194&dq=a+Sedona+connection+that+has+eluded+historians+since+the+film+was+made&source=bl&ots=_f_ZWorNnj&sig=S4kNTRQeyRzPxUCogTKkkkeHxPc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjw16Hf9qTKAhWKOD4KHb4jBiIQ6AEIITAB#v=onepage&q=a%20Sedona%20connection%20that%20has%20eluded%20historians%20since%20the%20film%20was%20made&f=false Shawn in Montreal (talk) 18:48, 12 January 2016 (UTC)
 * Nice catch .  Onel 5969  TT me 18:53, 12 January 2016 (UTC)
 * Thanks, yes I see it's been there for a while. That whole section was so... written. It's just didn't sound like user generated neutral prose so when I Googled a particularly NPOV phrase, there it all was. Shawn in Montreal (talk) 19:11, 12 January 2016 (UTC)

Adding travelogue-style info
, As I stated on your talk page, I reverted your change at Sedona, Arizona, as it does not meet Wikipedia requirements. Specifically, all wording must be in a neutral tone, without adding words of praise or other value-laden wording. More importantly, Wikipedia is not a travel guide; descriptions of activities and sights are to be sharply limited. --Larry/Traveling_Man (talk) 18:08, 9 March 2017 (UTC)

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 * Added archive http://www.webcitation.org/6YSasqtfX?url=http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html to http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070716072309/http://www.sedonajazz.com/ to http://www.sedonajazz.com/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150601000824/http://www.sedonabluegrassfestival.org/ to http://www.sedonabluegrassfestival.org/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120829214320/http://www.gumptionfest.org/ to http://www.gumptionfest.org/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060513114515/http://travel2.nytimes.com/2006/04/09/travel/09sedona.html?pagewanted=1 to http://travel2.nytimes.com/2006/04/09/travel/09sedona.html?pagewanted=1
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20151201094943/http://www.nbc.com/last-call-with-carson-daly/video/houndmouth-sedona/2939169 to http://www.nbc.com/last-call-with-carson-daly/video/houndmouth-sedona/2939169

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Sedona
Is each fact referenced with an appropriate, reliable reference? Yes, there are a lot of specific dates, information and sources on the Sedona, Arizona discussion.Each section is broken up into small parts and cited.

'''Where does the information come from? Are these neutral sources? If biased, is that bias noted?''' This information is coming from actual facts. They are not someones bias views or opinions. There are actual dates, heights, rocks and so on that are actually a part of Sedona, AZ. A lot of the information comes from books or news articles.

JLHustead124 (talk) 05:00, 7 September 2017 (UTC) Jessica H.

The "vortex"
This term (with quotes) is mentioned twice in one of the picture captions (the one for the File:Vortex panoramicview sedona.jpg) but there is no other use of the term in the article that I could find. It should either be in the article, or removed from the caption, I think. (the caption seems taken verbatim or close to it from the caption on the image, and there is mention of "vortices" in the cultural section of the article but it all seems not very well hung together to me) ++Lar: t/c 17:59, 23 May 2018 (UTC)

History of New Age development
I was hoping to learn from this page about how it is that Sedona developed the new age/spiritual vortex tourist industry it is (in)famous for. But besides a mention of the harmonic convergence movement of 1987 there is little info here. ScottMainwaring (talk) 16:09, 24 March 2019 (UTC)

Discussion
There is grammatical difficulties in the sentence:"Racing video game Forza ....are appears fictional track Sedona Raceway Park" — Preceding unsigned comment added by Boutarfa Nafia (talk • contribs) 13:49, 15 April 2022 (UTC)

Contradictory areas listed
The area of Sedona, Arizona, is listed one way in the body of the article and another in the header of the article. There is currently a discrepancy of about 1 square mile between the two, but seeing as how the article's body cites the U.S. Census Bureau with its information, it is especially confusing that the area is listed differently at the top of the article. It seems very ambiguous where the header got its area measurement from. 24.56.243.156 (talk) 20:16, 3 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sedona, Arizona


text:
Talk:Supai, Arizona

2005 & 2007 comments
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A note: Census 2000 says that nobody lives in Supai. This is not true, and has not been for hundreds of years. Thus, I have used demographics data from the 1990 decennial census for the demographics section. Node 02:48, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Tomomi Hanamure should be added to this page and information about her murder. 74.94.215.114 18:43, 11 May 2007 (UTC)

Services
The article says: "All mail leaving Supai has a special postmark showing that it was sent out by mule train.". It would be real nice to see in the article a .jpg or other graphic showing a sample of that postmark. Toddcs (talk) 11:13, 12 August 2011 (UTC)

 * This website has an example, but so far we don't have a public domain image available on Wikipedia or Wikicommons.--Chimino (talk) 02:30, 29 October 2011 (UTC)

 * I have contributed a personal upload of a postmark for SupaiCoal town guy (talk) 02:57, 16 October 2012 (UTC)

Why Phantom Ranch does *not* have mail delivery
I removed the reference to mail being carried by mules from Phantom Ranch. The cited reference makes no such claim. This is good, since it's not quite true.

Letters and postcards are carried from Phantom Ranch by mules, but they're technically not mail. By law, the U.S. Postal Service has a monopoly on mail service in the United States. At the Grand Canyon National Park's village, mail is only delivered to a post office on the canyon rim. From there, a park concessionaire (Xanterra) offers a free service to transport post cards and letters to and from Phantom Ranch; packages mailed to the rim's post office will NOT be carried down. Mules are used for this free service, but by law it's not mail delivery. There's no special postmark -- pictures you may have seen on the Internet (e.g., https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=10203270894388531&l=21e4fb5f65 ) appear to be postmarks, but the "Phantom Ranch" pieces are merely stamps that can be used by anyone. In the picture linked above, I used the stamp to put the items that say "Phantom Ranch". I could just as well have created my own stamp that said "King Larry's Ranch." oops - forgot to sign it! --Larry (talk) 00:37, 28 June 2014 (UTC)

Most Isolated?
I don't know if Supai would qualify as the most isolated community in the lower 48. Holden Village located in north-central Washington State is more than 30 miles from the nearest public road, and has to generate its own electrical power etc... And, while it is technically a retreat center, it does have long term residents on staff, and also has a public 2 room schoolhouse that offers a full K-12 education.--Hjohnson42 (talk) 05:10, 9 July 2015 (UTC)

Relevant schools in the 1950s
From

It mentions: WhisperToMe (talk) 02:10, 22 March 2023 (UTC)
 * Phoenix Indian School
 * Theodore Roosevelt School (Fort Apache, Arizona)
 * Grand Canyon USD
 * Peach Springs USD

title: Talk:Supai, Arizona


text:
Talk:Tonalea, Arizona

Untitled
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title: Talk:Tonalea, Arizona


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Talk:Tuba City, Arizona

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This is really not an easy page to read. I've edited it a bit but what's the point of all the demographic information when some of it has not comparison. Also don't most US cities have a taco bell. I think much of that section could be deleted. SuzanneKn 18:38, 15 December 2006 (UTC)

How did Tuba City get its name?
I've googled it and can't find an answer Bob Palin 03:28, 7 October 2005 (UTC)

Tuba Time
The Navajo Reservation officially observes Daylight Time in sync with the rest of the country. Although most of it is in Arizona, which does not observe DST, parts of the reservation extend into Utah and New Mexico. Tribal government is headquarted at Window Rock Arizona near Shiprock New Mexico. Both communities having different legal time could be a problem. In practice many communities in the western part of the reservation remain on standard time. In my summer travels around Arizona I have personally noticed businesses in Gray Mountain, Cameron and Tuba City with clocks on MST. The school district and other tribal offices are on MDT. Federal Indian Affairs offices and hospitals remained on MST, but may have changed in recent years. Most historic time zone reference work has no mention of this practice. It should be noted though this is mostly for the benefit of Astrologers to create more accurate horoscopes. Birth times were likely always noted in MST then regardless of community practice. This can and does cause confusion in scheduling High School athletic competitions. The Arizona Daily Sun of Flagstaff called this "Tuba Time" after Flagstaff High School showed up an hour late for a football game. I don't know how far back this practice has been observed, at least since the late 1980's. Recent Federal government time zone maps have noted the reservation is on daylight time but I do not know if Federal offices and hospitals have changed to MDT or not, or if community practice influences this decision. Skywayman 00:55, 12 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Generally speaking, Federal and Tribal offices observed MDT, or at least they did when I lived in TC in the early 1990s. The public schools as well as Greyhills and the boarding school usually operate on MDT, but there was one year I was there that there was a controversy over either MDT either early in the spring or late in the fall, and the public schools altered their schedule. But as I recall, they simply started at a different time while still on MDT, but I may be wrong. Some tourist oriented businesses do not observe MDT, presumably to keep in sync with the rest of the state, but businesses geared many to local residents go with MDT. Then to confuse things even more, directly across US 160 is the Hopi village of Moenkopi, which doesn't observe MDT. 173.30.174.133 (talk) 03:50, 21 November 2010 (UTC)

Mention of the San Juan Southern Paiute Tribe of Arizona?
They're relatively small, but they're also based in Tuba City..... —Preceding unsigned comment added by 174.17.85.152 (talk) 02:18, 25 May 2010 (UTC) and kiizhoni is awsome — Preceding unsigned comment added by 169.203.38.233 (talk) 18:25, 2 March 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tuba City, Arizona


text:
Talk:Tusayan, Arizona

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Location
Like most articles on Census-designated places, the location of Tusayan is given as the US Census Bureau's location for the geometric center of the CDP. This not official as the USGS is the authoritative source for geographic locations in the United States. According to the US Census Bureau, the CDP location has no legal status.

I have been changing these locations as time permits (which is only occasionally). Since there has been some argument over the use of USCB location data I am going to propose future changes before making them (at least for a while, until I see that there are generally no objections). The following is my proposed change to the geography section of this article. If there are no objections after a few weeks I will make the change.

 * ==Geography==
 * Tusayan is located at 35.9736°N, -112.12656°W (35.9735954, -112.1265569).

 * According to the United States Census Bureau, the geometric center of the CDP is located at 35.97556°N, -112.12917°W (35.975674, -112.129046) and has a total area of 28.6 square miles (74.0 km²), of which, 28.6 square miles (74.0 km²) of it is land and 0.04% is water.

Rsduhamel (talk) 00:13, 29 June 2008 (UTC)

For reference's sake, the following is the current listing:

 * ==Geography==
 * Tusayan is located at 35.97556°N, -112.12917°W (35.975674, -112.129046).

 * According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 28.6 square miles (74.0 km²), of which, 28.6 square miles (74.0 km²) of it is land and 0.04% is water.

Nyttend (talk) 00:15, 29 June 2008 (UTC)

 * I really don't think that it's a good idea to offer conflicting ideas of the location. I don't have a problem with replacing the "original" (with the GR1 source) with the GR3 source.  I'm unclear, however: where do you get the specific data?  The GNIS listings (whether for Tusayan as a populated place or as a CDP) are different from each other, and from the line that you give with the GR3 source.  I think that it would be best, rather than giving the location with GR3, to give the location with a GNIS template for the CDP's GNIS entry.  Thoughts?  Nyttend (talk) 00:22, 29 June 2008 (UTC)

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Talk:Williams, Arizona

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Talk:Winslow West, Arizona

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Talk:Canyon Day, Arizona

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