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Dhammapada

The Dhammapada (Pāli धम्मपद; धर्मपद) is a collection of sayings of the Buddha in verse form and one of the most widely read and best known Buddhist scriptures. The original version of the Dhammapada is in the Khuddaka Nikaya, a division of the Pali Canon of Theravada Buddhism.

The Buddhist scholar and commentator Buddhaghosa explains that each saying recorded in the collection was made on a different occasion in response to a unique situation that had arisen in the life of the Buddha and his monastic community. His translation of the commentary, the Dhammapada Atthakatha, presents the details of these events and is a rich source of legend for the life and times of the Buddha.

Etymology
The title "Dhammapada" is a compound term composed of dhamma and pada, each word having a number of denotations and connotations. Generally, dhamma can refer to the Buddha's "doctrine" or an "eternal truth" or "righteousness" or all "phenomena"; at its root, pada means "foot" and thus by extension, especially in this context, means either "path" or "verse" (cf. "prosodic foot") or both. English translations of this text's title have used various combinations of these and related words.

History
According to tradition, the Dhammapada's verses were spoken by the Buddha on various occasions. Glenn Wallis states: "By distilling the complex models, theories, rhetorical style and sheer volume of the Buddha's teachings into concise, crystalline verses, the Dhammapada makes the Buddhist way of life available to anyone...In fact, it is possible that the very source of the Dhammapada in the third century B.C.E. is traceable to the need of the early Buddhist communities in India to laicize the ascetic impetus of the Buddha's original words." The text is part of the Khuddaka Nikaya of the Sutta Pitaka, although over half of the verses exist in other parts of the Pali Canon. A 4th or 5th century CE commentary attributed to Buddhaghosa includes 305 stories which give context to the verses.

 * Pāli Dhammapada – the oldest available manuscripts date to 1500 CE. A compiler is not named.

Although the Pāli edition is the best-known, a number of other versions are known:
 * "Gāndhārī Dharmapada" – a version possibly of Dharmaguptaka or Kāśyapīya origin in Gāndhārī written in Kharosthi script

 * "Patna Dharmapada" – a version in Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit, most likely of the Sāmatiya sect
 * "Udānavarga" – a seemingly related Mula-Sarvastivada or Sarvastivada text in

 * 3 Sanskrit versions
 * a Tibetan translation, which is popular in traditional Tibetan Buddhism
 * "Mahāvastu" – a Lokottaravāda text with parallels to verses in the Pāli Dhammapada's Sahassa Vagga and Bhikkhu Vagga.
 * "FaJuJing 法句经" – 4 Chinese works; one of these appears to be an expanded translation of the Pali version; this has not traditionally been very popular.
 * The Faju jing – translated and compiled by Weizhinan in 224 CE
 * The Faju piyu jing – compiled by Faju and Fali between 290-306 CE
 * The Chuyao jing – translated by Zhu Fonian in 383 CE
 * The Faju yaosong jing – translated by Tianxizai between 980-999 CE

Comparing the Pali Dhammapada, the Gandhari Dharmapada and the Udanavarga, Brough (2001) identifies that the texts have in common 330 to 340 verses, 16 chapter headings and an underlying structure. He suggests that the three texts have a "common ancestor" but underlines that there is no evidence that any one of these three texts might have been the "primitive Dharmapada" from which the other two evolved.

The Dhammapada is one of the most popular pieces of Theravada literature. A critical edition of the Dhammapada was produced by Danish scholar Viggo Fausbøll in 1855, becoming the first Pali text to receive this kind of examination by the European academic community.

Organization
The Pali Dhammapada contains 423 verses in 26 chapters (listed below in Pali and English).

Many of the themes within the Dhammapada are dichotomous. For example, contrasts between joy and suffering, virtuous action and misconduct, and truth and deceit recur throughout the text.

Excerpts
The following Pali verses and corresponding English translations are from Ānandajoti (2017), which also contains explanatory footnotes. {| cellspacing="20"
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Chapter 1: Pairs (Yamakavaggo)
if with a base mind one speaks or acts, through that suffering follows him like a wheel follows the ox's foot.1 manasā ce paduṭṭhena bhāsati vā karoti vā, tato naṁ dukkham-anveti cakkaṁ va vahato padaṁ.'' if with pure mind one speaks or acts, through that happiness follows him like a shadow which does not depart. manasā ce pasannena bhāsati vā karoti vā, tato naṁ sukham-anveti chāyā va anapāyinī.'' ''they only cease with non-hatred, this truth is surely eternal. averena ca sammanti, esa dhammo sanantano.'' The translation of this simile is debated. Suddhaso Bhikku interprets the simile as "just as a track follows a wheel." He argues that other interpretations involve adding words that are not a direct translation of the original text. Specifically, cakkaṁ means wheel, va means as, vahato means following, and padaṁ means track, path, or foot.
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 1.
 * width="50%" | Mind precedes thoughts, mind is their chief, their quality is made by mind,
 * width="50%" | ''Manopubbaṅgamā dhammā, manoseṭṭhā manomayā,
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 2.
 * Mind precedes thoughts, mind is their chief, their quality is made by mind,
 * ''Manopubbaṅgamā dhammā, manoseṭṭhā manomayā,
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 5.
 * For not by hatred do hatreds cease at any time in this place,''
 * ''Na hi verena verāni sammantīdha kudācanaṁ,
 * colspan="3" |
 * colspan="3" |
 * colspan=3 style="text-align:center" |
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Chapter 10: The Stick (Daṇḍavaggo)
while seeking happiness for himself, won't find happiness after death. while seeking happiness for himself, will find happiness after death. attano sukham-esāno, pecca so labhate sukhaṁ.'' for arrogant talk entails misery, and they might strike you back with a stick. dukkhā hi sārambhakathā, paṭidaṇḍā phuseyyu' taṁ.''
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 131.
 * One who harms with a stick beings who desire happiness,
 * Sukhakāmāni bhūtāni yo daṇḍena vihiṁsati,attano sukham-esāno, pecca so na labhate sukhaṁ.
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 132.
 * One who harms not with a stick beings who desire happiness,
 * ''Sukhakāmāni bhūtāni yo daṇḍena na hiṁsati,
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 133.
 * Do not say anything harsh, spoken to they might answer back to you,
 * ''Māvoca pharusaṁ kañci, vuttā paṭivadeyyu' taṁ,
 * colspan=3 style="text-align:center" |
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Chapter 12: The Self (Attavaggo)
during one of the three watches of the night the wise one should stay alert. tiṇṇam-aññataraṁ yāmaṁ paṭijaggeyya paṇḍito.'' then one can advise another, the wise one should not have any defilement. athaññam-anusāseyya, na kilisseyya paṇḍito.'' being well-trained, he could surely train another, for it is said the self is difficult to train. sudanto vata dametha, attā hi kira duddamo.'' When the self is well-trained, one finds a friend that is hard to find. crushes the one who is stupid, as a diamond crushes a rock-jewel. abhimatthati dummedhaṁ vajiraṁ vasmamayaṁ maṇiṁ.'' makes himself the same as his enemy wishes him to be. karoti so tathattānaṁ yathā naṁ icchatī diso.'' but that which is beneficial and good is supremely hard to do. yaṁ ve hitañ-ca sādhuñ-ca taṁ ve paramadukkaraṁ.'' that stupid one, depending on wicked views, like the bamboo when it bears fruit, brings about his own destruction. paṭikkosati dummedho diṭṭhiṁ nissāya pāpikaṁ, phalāni kaṭṭhakasseva attaghaññāya phallati.'' by oneself is a wicked deed left undone, by oneself is one purified, purity and impurity come from oneself, for no one can purify another. attanā akataṁ pāpaṁ, attanā va visujjhati, suddhī asuddhī paccattaṁ, nāñño aññaṁ visodhaye.'' knowing what is good for oneself one should be intent on that good. atta-d-attham-abhiññāya sa-d-atthapasuto siyā.''
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 157.
 * If one regards oneself as dear one should guard oneself right well,
 * ''Attānañ-ce piyaṁ jaññā rakkheyya naṁ surakkhitaṁ,
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 158.
 * First one should establish oneself in what is suitable,
 * ''Attānam-eva paṭhamaṁ patirūpe nivesaye,
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 159.
 * He should do himself as he would advise another to do,
 * ''Attānañ-ce tathā kayirā yathaññam-anusāsati,
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 160.
 * For the self is the friend of self, for what other friend would there be?
 * Attā hi attano nātho, ko hi nātho paro siyā?Attanā va sudantena nāthaṁ labhati dullabhaṁ.
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 161.
 * That wickedness done by oneself, born in oneself, arising in oneself,
 * ''Attanā va kataṁ pāpaṁ, attajaṁ attasambhavaṁ,
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 162.
 * The one who has an exceeding lack of virtue, like a deadly creeper covering a Sal tree,
 * ''Yassa accantadussīlyaṁ, māluvā Sālam-ivotataṁ,
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 163.
 * Easily done are things not good, and unbeneficial for oneself,
 * ''Sukarāni asādhūni, attano ahitāni ca,
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 164.
 * Whoever reviles the worthy teaching of the Noble Ones who live by Dhamma,
 * ''Yo sāsanaṁ arahataṁ Ari yānaṁ Dhammajīvinaṁ
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 165.
 * By oneself alone is a wicked deed done, by oneself is one defiled,
 * ''Attanā va kataṁ pāpaṁ, attanā saṅkilissati,
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 166.
 * One should not neglect one's own good for another's, however great;
 * ''Atta-d-atthaṁ paratthena bahunā pi na hāpaye;
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Chapter 13: The World (Lokavaggo)
one should not follow a wrong view, one should not foster worldliness. micchādiṭṭhiṁ na seveyya, na siyā lokavaḍḍhano.''
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 167.
 * One should not follow lowly things, one should not abide heedlessly,
 * ''Hīnaṁ dhammaṁ na seveyya, pamādena na saṁvase,
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Chapter 14: The Buddha (Buddhavaggo)
the purification of one's mind - this is the teaching of the Buddhas. sacittapariyodapanaṁ - etaṁ Buddhāna' sāsanaṁ.''
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 183.
 * The non-doing of anything wicked, undertaking of what is good,
 * ''Sabbapāpassa akaraṇaṁ, kusalassa upasampadā,
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Chapter 19: The One who stands by Dhamma (Dhammaṭṭhavaggo)

 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 270.
 * Through not hurting breathing beings one is noble (Aryan), the one who does not hurt any breathing beings is truly said to be noble (Aryan).
 * Na tena ariyo hoti yena pāṇāni hiṁsati, ahiṁsā sabbapāṇānaṁ ariyo ti pavuccati.
 * colspan=3 style="text-align:center" |
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Chapter 20: The Path (Maggavaggo)
entering this path meditators will be released from the bonds of Māra. paṭipannā pamokkhanti jhāyino Mārabandhanā.'' then one grows tired of suffering – this is the path to purity. atha nibbindatī dukkhe – esa maggo visuddhiyā.'' then one grows tired of suffering – this is the path to purity. atha nibbindatī dukkhe – esa maggo visuddhiyā.'' then one grows tired of suffering – this is the path to purity. atha nibbindatī dukkhe – esa maggo visuddhiyā.''
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 276.
 * Your duty is to have ardour declare the Realised Ones,
 * ''Tumhehi kiccaṁ ātappaṁ akkhātāro Tathāgatā,
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 277.
 * All conditions are impermanent, when one sees this with wisdom,
 * ''Sabbe saṅkhārā aniccā ti, yadā paññāya passati,
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 278.
 * All conditions are suffering, when one sees this with wisdom,
 * ''Sabbe saṅkhārā dukkhā ti, yadā paññāya passati,
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 279.
 * All components of mind and body are without self, when one sees this with wisdom,
 * ''Sabbe dhammā anattā ti, yadā paññāya passati,
 * colspan=3 style="text-align:center" |
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Chapter 24: Craving (Taṇhāvaggo)
crawl round like a hare in a trap, therefore he should remove craving – the monk who longs for dispassion for himself. parisappanti saso va bādhito, tasmā tasiṇaṁ vinodaye – bhikkhu ākaṅkha' virāgam-attano.'' who always mindfully cultivates what is unattractive, will surely abolish this craving, he will cut off the bond of Māra. asubhaṁ bhāvayatī sadā sato, esa kho vyantikāhiti, esacchecchati Mārabandhanaṁ.''
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 343.
 * People surrounded by craving
 * ''Tasiṇāya purakkhatā pajā
 * - style="vertical-align:top"
 * style="text-align:right" | 350.
 * Whoever has delight in the calming of thoughts,
 * ''Vitakkupasame ca yo rato
 * }

English translations
See also online translations listed in External links below.

 * Daniel Gogerly, printed the first English translation of Dhammapada, comprising verses 1-255 in 1840 in Ceylon.
 * Tr F. Max Müller, in Buddhist Parables, by E. W. Burlinghame, 1869; reprinted in Sacred Books of the East, volume X, Clarendon/Oxford, 1881; reprinted in Buddhism, by Clarence Hamilton; reprinted separately by Watkins, 2006; reprinted 2008 by Red and Black Publishers, St Petersburg, Florida, ISBN 978-1-934941-03-4; the first English translation (a Latin translation by V. Fausböll had appeared in 1855)
 * Tr J. Gray, American Mission Press, Rangoon, 1881
 * Tr J. P. Cooke & O. G. Pettis, Boston (Massachusetts?), 1898
 * Hymns of Faith, tr Albert J. Edmunds, Open Court, Chicago, & Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., London, 1902
 * Tr Norton T. W. Hazeldine, Denver, Colorado, 1902
 * The Buddha's Way of Virtue, tr W. D. C. Wagiswara & K. J. Saunders, John Murray, London, 1912
 * Tr Silacara, Buddhist Society, London, 1915
 * Tr Suriyagoda Sumangala, in Ceylon Antiquary, 1915
 * Tr A. P. Buddhadatta, Colombo Apothecaries, 1920?
 * The Buddha's Path of Virtue, tr F. L. Woodward, Theosophical Publishing House, London & Madras, 1921
 * In Buddhist Legends, tr E. W. Burlinghame, Harvard Oriental Series, 1921, 3 volumes; reprinted by Pali Text Society, Bristol; translation of the stories from the commentary, with the Dhammapada verses embedded
 * Tr R. D. Shrikhande and/or P. L. Vaidya (according to different bibliographies; or did one publisher issue two translations in the same year?), Oriental Book Agency, Poona, 1923; includes Pali text
 * "Verses on Dhamma", in Minor Anthologies of the Pali Canon, volume I, tr C. A. F. Rhys Davids, 1931, Pali Text Society, Bristol; verse translation; includes Pali text
 * Tr N. K. Bhag(w?)at, Buddha Society, Bombay, 1931/5; includes Pali text
 * The Way of Truth, tr S. W. Wijayatilake, Madras, 1934
 * Tr Irving Babbitt, Oxford University Press, New York & London, 1936; revision of Max Müller
 * Tr K. Gunaratana, Penang, Malaya, 1937
 * The Path of the Eternal Law, tr Swami Premananda, Self-Realization Fellowship, Washington DC, 1942
 * Tr Dhammajoti, Maha Bodhi Society, Benares, 1944
 * Comp. Jack Austin, Buddhist Society, London, 1945
 * Stories of Buddhist India, tr Piyadassi, 2 volumes, Moratuwa, Ceylon, 1949 & 1953; includes stories from the commentary
 * (see article) Tr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, Oxford University Press, London, 1950; includes Pali text
 * Collection of Verses on the Doctrine of the Buddha, comp Bhadragaka, Bangkok, 1952
 * Tr T. Latter, Moulmein, Burma, 1950?
 * Tr W. Somalokatissa, Colombo, 1953
 * Tr Narada, John Murray, London, 1954
 * Tr E. W. Adikaram, Colombo, 1954
 * Tr A. P. Buddhadatta, Colombo, 1954; includes Pali text
 * Tr Siri Sivali, Colombo, 1954
 * Tr ?, Cunningham Press, Alhambra, California, 1955
 * Tr C. Kunhan Raja, Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar/Madras, 1956; includes Pali text
 * Free rendering and interpretation by Wesley La Violette, Los Angeles, 1956
 * Tr Buddharakkhita, Maha Bodhi Society, Bangalore, 1959; 4th edn, Buddhist Publication Society, Kandy, Sri Lanka, 1996; includes Pali text
 * Tr Suzanne Karpelès, serialized in Advent (Pondicherry, India), 1960–65; reprinted in Questions and Answers, Collected Works of the Mother, 3, Pondicherry, 1977
 * Growing the Bodhi Tree in the Garden of the Heart, tr Khantipalo, Buddhist Association of Thailand, Bangkok, 1966; reprinted as The Path of Truth, Bangkok, 1977
 * Tr P. Lal, New York, 1967/70
 * Tr Juan Mascaró, Penguin Classics, 1973
 * Tr Thomas Byrom, Shambhala, Boston, Massachusetts, & Wildwood House, London, 1976 (ISBN 0-87773-966-8)
 * Tr Ananda Maitreya, serialized in Pali Buddhist Review, 1 & 2, 1976/7; offprinted under the title Law Verses, Colombo, 1978; revised by Rose Kramer (under the Pali title), originally published by Lotsawa Publications in 1988, reprinted by Parallax Press in 1995
 * The Buddha's Words, tr Sathienpong Wannapok, Bangkok, 1979
 * Wisdom of the Buddha, tr Harischandra Kaviratna, Pasadena, 1980; includes Pali text
 * The Eternal Message of Lord Buddha, tr Silananda, Calcutta, 1982; includes Pali text
 * Tr Chhi Med Rig Dzin Lama, Institute of Higher Tibetan Studies, Sarnath, India, 1982; tr from the modern Tibetan translation by dGe-'dun Chos-'phel; includes Pali & Tibetan texts
 * Tr & pub Dharma Publishing, Berkeley, California, 1985; tr from the modern Tibetan translation by dGe-'dun Chos-'phel
 * Commentary, with text embedded, tr Department of Pali, University of Rangoon, published by Union Buddha Sasana Council, Rangoon (date uncertain; 1980s)
 * Tr Daw Mya Tin, Burma Pitaka Association, Rangoon, 1986; probably currently published by the Department for the Promotion and Propagation of the Sasana, Rangoon, and/or Sri Satguru, Delhi
 * Path of Righteousness, tr David J. Kalupahana, Universities Press of America, Lanham, Maryland, c. 1986
 * Tr Raghavan Iyer, Santa Barbara, 1986; includes Pali text
 * (see article) Tr Eknath Easwaran, Arkana, London, 1986/7(ISBN 978-1-58638-019-9); reissued with new material Nilgiri Press 2007, Tomales, CA (ISBN 9781586380205)
 * Tr John Ross Carter & Mahinda Palihawadana, Oxford University Press, New York, 1987; the original hardback edition also includes the Pali text and the commentary's explanations of the verses; the paperback reprint in the World's Classics Series omits these
 * Tr U. D. Jayasekera, Colombo, 1992
 * Treasury of Truth, tr Weragoda Sarada, Taipei, 1993
 * Tr Thomas Cleary, Thorsons, London, 1995
 * The Word of the Doctrine, tr K. R. Norman, 1997, Pali Text Society, Bristol; the PTS's preferred translation
 * Tr Anne Bancroft?, Element Books, Shaftesbury, Dorset, & Richport, Massachusetts, 1997
 * The Dhammapada: The Buddha's Path of Wisdom, tr Buddharakkhita, Buddhist Publication Society, 1998. (ISBN 9-55240-131-3)
 * The Way of Truth, tr Sangharakshita, Windhorse Publications, Birmingham, 2001
 * Tr F. Max Müller (see above), revised Jack Maguire, SkyLight Pubns, Woodstock, Vermont, 2002
 * Tr Glenn Wallis, Modern Library, New York, 2004 (ISBN 978-0-8129-7727-1); The Dhammapada: Verses on the Way
 * Tr Gil Fronsdal, Shambhala, Boston, Massachusetts, 2005 (ISBN 1-59030-380-6)
 * Tr Bhikkhu Varado, Inward Path, Malaysia, 2007; Dhammapada in English Verse

Musical settings

 * Ronald Corp's 2010 a cappella choral setting of Francis Booth's translation, released on Stone Records

 * Dhammapada - Sacred Teachings of the Buddha. Hariprasad Chaurasia & Rajesh Dubey. 2018 - Freespirit Records

Translations

 * Dhammapada, illustrated edition (1993) With stories and commentary, by Ven. Weagoda Sarada Maha Thero [Includes glossary]
 * by Max Müller (1881) from Wikisource
 * by Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (1950) Reprint, Oxford University Press (1996)
 * by Harischandra Kaviratna (1980)
 * by Buddharakkhita (1985) (pdf has intro by Bhikkhu Bodhi)
 * by John Richards (1993)
 * by Thomas Byrom (1993)
 * by Eknath Easwaran (1996)
 * by Thanissaro (1997)
 * by Gil Fronsdal – Reading by Chapter from The Dhammapada: A New Translation of the Buddhist Classic with Annotations – 2006
 * by Bhikkhu Varado and Samanera Bodhesako (2008)
 * Detailed word-by-word translation of the Dhammapada, including explanation of grammar
 * Multilingual edition of Dhammapada in the Bibliotheca Polyglotta
 * Parallel Reading (paragraph granularity) of The Buddha's Path of Wisdom-- Dhammapada (Dhp.)

Voice recordings

 * Readings (mp3) from the Dhammapada, translated and read by Gil Fronsdal

title: Dhammapada


text:
Talk:Seven Pillars of Wisdom

"The" in title
If the title of the book includes the word the then it is part of the title and has to be included, just as if it is part of a newspaper name it is included, eg The Irish Times not Irish Times. In contrast, though people say the Irish Independent, it isn't part of the title, so that goes in as Irish Independent. The is dropped if you are making up a title our you are not quoting a name. Names, like the name of a book, are sacrosanct and have to be used as written. (See The in the title on wiki is often a good indicator that the article is about a book, a film, a newspaper, etc with a specific title. FearÉIREANN 17:00 17 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * Yeah. It was pretty sure that it was "The Seven Pillars of Wisdom", so I moved it. Then I actually looked at a copy (making the scan) and realised it is clearly the "Seven Pillars of Wisdom". So I moved it back. You moved it again. And now I've moved it back (perhaps this is why the Wikipedia database is so slow :) CGS 17:08 17 Jul 2003 (UTC).

 * Opps. I thought it was The . . . also. So we both have learned something on wiki tonight! :-) I thought this was another case of remove THE at all costs approach of some wikians but thankfully not. FearÉIREANN 17:26 17 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * "The" means that there are only seven. Omission of the definite article leaves open the possibility that there are more than seven pillars and that these are seven of an indefinite number of pillars. But does it matter how many pillars there are in the universe?

Words in picture?

Can anyone translate that? I'm not even sure which language it is (something arabian I would presume). CGS 19:50 17 Jul 2003 (UTC).

 * ermmm... it looks like english to me: "the sword also ... ... ... death" -- Tarquin 19:56 17 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * Perhaps.... but that character in the middle of the penultimate line (a sort of dropped t) doesn't look latin to me. CGS 20:06 17 Jul 2003 (UTC).

 * It's just sloppy (or "artistic") handwriting in English, that dropped t is "+" as an abbreviation for "and". It seems to be "The sword also means clean-ness + death", which is something T. E. Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia) wrote in a letter to Eric Kennington, who incorporated it into the crossed-daggers design on the cover of the first public edition of Seven Pillars of Wisdom, 1935, and since the picture is titled "Seven pillars tooling", it's probably a picture of the cover in question. -- Someone else 20:23 17 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * Yeah - I scanned it from my 1st edition of Pillars. CGS 21:02 17 Jul 2003 (UTC).

 * Doesn't look like arabic, or any related alphabet, although I see the similarity. Looks to me like "itu sword also medus dearq-uess death". (Which doesn't make any sense to me...) כסיף Cyp 20:32 17 Jul 2003 (UTC)
 * After edit conflict: Ok, "The sword also means clean-ness + death" seems more likely than what I read... כסיף Cyp 20:32 17 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * Thanks. CGS 21:00 17 Jul 2003 (UTC).

The third word looks much more like "alas" than "also". --Fritzlein 18:18 20 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * No, it is "also". I looked it up. CGS 21:53, 29 Jul 2003 (UTC).

 * Yep, but the front page still says "alas". Changing it.  User:TimBray Nov/04

 * Compare the "s" in sword on the second line and I think you will notice the similarity to the first word on the third line. It is "also". The "o" also matches. I think the best rendering is as stated above: "The sword also means clean-ness + death" Origen 02:55, 29 April 2007 (UTC)

Content
I know it's an autobiographical book, and therefore most of its content should be covered in T. E. Lawrence, but it seems sad that there isn't more about 'the plot'. There's a long and interesting section on the book's editions and its varying word-counts, but nothing on why it remains in print, why it remains an object of fascination. As I recall, interest in the book resurged during the recent hostilities in Iraq, so Lawrence must have been onto something. Ashley Pomeroy 16:25, 10 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * Just started reading it. Finishing the Introduction. It is mind-blowing! His style of writing, his analysis, his commentary and his facts. I wonder why I never got round to reading it before. I might add an outline of it. —iFaqeer (Talk to me!) 23:30, Dec 3, 2004 (UTC)

 * Did you finish it? Did your enthusiasm continue unabated? Do you feel up to writing a summary/outline of some description? –Hajor 17:02, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Manuscript
The lead sentence on the second to last paragraph does not make sense as it reads: "The public would have had to remain satisfied with Revolt in the Desert, however, were it not for Lawrence's untimely death in May 1935."

I recommend the following as conveying what I think the author of this paragraph was trying to say: "The public would have to remain satisfied with Revolt in the Desert, however, due to Lawrence's untimely death in May 1935." Origen 02:49, 29 April 2007 (UTC)

 * No. As the rest of the paragraph explains, RitD, the abridgement of SPoW, was the only text made publically available during Lawrence's life. Thus the public would not have had access to the full text of SPoW for another few decades. But Lawrence's early death led to its early publication.

> I have an edition of The Seven Pillars of Wisdom. However, it is a copy of the 1926 version printed by Garden City Publishing Co. Inc., New York. This publisher produced two printings (from the info in the book) "Privately Published 1926, First published for general circulation 1935, De Luxe Edition, 1938 (which is this book). I wonder if there is anyone out there who knows about these later editions?  - drlarue@drlarue.com  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.160.130.157 (talk) 23:10, 25 November 2007 (UTC)

Wadi Rum seven pillars
The famous formation in Wadi Rum called the 'seven pillars' of which there are either 6 or 8 depending what you consider a pillar. Was locally considered the site where Lawrence chose the name for the book. Since this theory has lost credit it seems the theory that Lawrence that gave the name to the pillars has stepped in to save the day. I suppose this is true of 'Lawrence's spring', and 'Lawrence house' and Lawrence pretty much everything else in Wadi Rum too? Is there any basis to this statement or is it based on Bedouin tourist marketing, which apparently begins and ends with the highly sell-able - 'Lawrence was here'? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 212.235.10.125 (talk) 14:09, 5 January 2008 (UTC)

Public edition (1927)
Contrary to the impression given here and elsewhere, the public edition was announced at least as early as 1925 and in advance of subscription. From a letter dated 12 April 1925: "... There will be an abridgement in 1927, at a guinea, for public consumption. I suppose all this is agreeable to you? / Subscribers have to put a cheque for ...". Roger (talk) 16:01, 18 July 2008 (UTC)

Copyright and editions
I'm assuming this uncited bit is true:

 * The unabridged Oxford Text of 1922 was not made publicly available until its UK copyright expired in 1997.

If it is true, why is there no link to an electronic version of that now public domain edition? Also, is there any place that would still consider the copyright on any edition to still exist? Under the most generous terms of the Berne Convention, all of Lawrence's works would have become public domain in 2005, 70 years after his 1935 death. Is there anything indicating the UK still considers any edition to still be under a term of copyright? And if the UK doesn't why would any other state? IMHO (talk) 02:28, 19 May 2009 (UTC)

The * statement is not correct. Many copyright questions concerning Lawrence can be answered by perusing the various websites maintained by Jeremy Wilson, Lawrence's authorized biographer, and publisher of editions of many of Lawrence's works, including the Oxford text, which, for copyright reasons, was published in the UK but not the US. I've just glanced over these again, but it would take some work to encapsulate the whole story, and there are aspects of UK copyright law that I don't understand, and Wilson does not fully explain. Look here http://telawrence.net/telawrencenet/index.htm, here http://www.castlehillpress.com/ and especially here http://telawrence.net/telawrencenet/tel_copyright.htm and here http://www.castlehillpress.com/docs/seven_pillars_history.shtml. Many of Lawrence's out of copyright works are being posted by Wilson at the former site, including the 1926 subscriber's text (only parts are currently posted). According to Wilson, the 1926 subscriber's text is out of copyright, but the 1922 Oxford text remains in copyright till 2040. MayerG (talk) 07:12, 2 December 2011 (UTC)

Early Text Claim
There is a 1997 claim that an early manuscript has been found - see http://www.independent.co.uk/news/found-lawrence-of-arabias-lost-text-1266823.html 188.164.224.203 (talk) 12:01, 18 October 2014 (UTC)

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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Seven Pillars of Wisdom


text:
User talk:Ewald

User talk archive
2003-2008 User talk:Ewald archive

usurpation request at de.WV
Hello, is this usurpation request by you ? v:de:/Wikiversity:Benutzerkonto_umbenennen ? The given account there leads to the en.WV page and that user has no activity yet. The tool server is slow and does not provide results atm. So I can not check where the account is used also and/also if there is an admin role under it. Anyway, could you make a confirmation that this request is really by you (on this wiki making a link to the de.WV page and providing the link at de.WV) ? And then on the requested de.WV user talk page should be added this template: v:de:Vorlage:Benutzerkonto-Usurpation gewünscht (noch nicht offiziell) to start the process. Thanks, Erkan Yilmaz ( talk ?, wiki blog ) 06:42, 26 June 2008 (UTC)
 * I was indeed the one who requested the usurpation, my list of SUL requests can be found on w:en:User:Ewald/SUL. Please initiate the request for usurpation on de.WV. Thanks! Ewald (talk) 08:38, 26 June 2008 (UTC)
 * The user was renamed: v:de:Wikiversity:Benutzerkonto umbenennen, Erkan Yilmaz ( talk ?, wiki blog ) 17:06, 10 July 2008 (UTC)
 * It worked, thanks! I added a confirmation on v:de:Wikiversity:Benutzerkonto umbenennen. — Ewald || contact talk | email || info user | contrib || posted on 21:20, 10 July 2008 (UTC)

Usurpation at nlwiki
Hi, the local account at nlwiki has been renamed, so you can now use your global account. Regards, Erwin85 (talk) 08:12, 26 June 2008 (UTC)
 * Thanks! --Ewald (talk) 08:39, 26 June 2008 (UTC)

Merger of WikiProject Free Software and WikiProject Software
Greetings, I have made a proposal for the merger of WikiProject Free Software and WikiProject Software here. I invite you for your valuable comments in the discussion. You are receiving this note as you are a member of the project. -- Tyw7, Leading Innovations   (Talk  ●  Contributions) 20:02, 13 September 2008 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free media (Image:Scroogle-screenshot.png)
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WikiProject Software IRC
For better and faster discussion between WikiProject Software Members a IRC channel has been created: irc://irc.freenode.net/##WikiProject-Software. For instant access click here: http://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=##WikiProject-Software. Please use your Wikipedia nickname. You are receiving this message because you are a member of WikiProject Software or one of its departments. - Kingpin13 (talk) 09:49, 22 July 2009 (UTC)

WP:Hornbook -- a new law-related task force for the J.D. curriculum
Andrew Gradman talk/WP:Hornbook 01:46, 31 July 2009 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Social and Cultural Planning Office

The article Social and Cultural Planning Office has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * No assertion of notability. Every nation has government agencies, no reason for WP to have an article on this one.

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing  will stop the Proposed Deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. The Speedy Deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and Articles for Deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Northwestgnome (talk) 04:29, 1 October 2009 (UTC)

Hi, My article about "Imran Channa Visual Artist " is considered for delition, Imran Channa is the well known contemporary Pakistani artist.Now i have given all the links and sources. I m also an artist and a new user of wikipedia, my task is to creates articles on art & artists of pakistan , because there is no material available on wikipedia on pakistani art & artist so that art historians and students from all over the world can get some sort of information, so plz could u help me out to add my 1st article of Imran Channa. Thanx —Preceding unsigned comment added by Art wart1234 (talk • contribs) 18:59, 30 September 2010 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free image File:Kaioo-screenshot.png
 Thanks for uploading File:Kaioo-screenshot.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described in the criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Courcelles 03:27, 6 August 2011 (UTC)

Non-free rationale for File:Scroogle-screenshot.png
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Europe 10,000 Challenge invite
Hi. The WikiProject Europe/The 10,000 Challenge has recently started, based on the UK/Ireland The 10,000 Challenge. The idea is not to record every minor edit, but to create a momentum to motivate editors to produce good content improvements and creations and inspire people to work on more countries than they might otherwise work on. There's also the possibility of establishing smaller country or regional challenges for places like Germany, Italy, the Benelux countries, Iberian Peninsula, Romania, Slovenia etc, much like The 1000 Challenge (Nordic). For this to really work we need diversity and exciting content and editors from a broad range of countries regularly contributing. If you would like to see masses of articles being improved for Europe and your specialist country like WikiProject Africa/The Africa Destubathon, sign up today and once the challenge starts a contest can be organized. This is a way we can target every country of Europe, and steadily vastly improve the encyclopedia. We need numbers to make this work so consider signing up as a participant and also sign under any country sub challenge on the page that you might contribute to! Thank you. -- Ser Amantio di Nicolao Che dicono a Signa?Lo dicono a Signa. 06:04, 6 November 2016 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ewald


text:
User:Ewald

Introduction
I'm Ewald and as a casual user I've been on Wikipedia for quite some time. For contributing to Wikipedia, I created this account back in 2003, but after some edits and creating a few new articles, I moved on. June 2008 I decided to create and edit some more articles, so I revived this old account. Nowadays I try to direct some of my weekly free time towards helping forth Wikipedia.

If you have any questions or comments concerning me or any of my Wikipedia contributions, feel free to use my talk page.

On Wikipedia
The free time I spend on Wikipedia is (as expected) mainly spent on my interests and related subjects. Some of my broader interests have manifested themselves into joining WikiProjects. My contributions consist of clearing up articles or sections in need of citation, wikifying articles, adding infoboxes and of course all other regular forms of editing and article creation.

I have completed the Meta:SUL procedure, so whenever you see the user Ewald on any site of the Wikimedia Foundation, you can be sure it is me.

''Note: My contributions do of course not reflect a personal opinion or one of my current, previous or future employer. Additions to a Talk page are solely my personal contribution and/or opinion and do not reflect the opinion of my current, previous or future employer.''

Interests
Since I don't really feel like putting down all my major and minor interests, I'll stick to the more broad, relevant ones.

Professional interests
I'm currently a law student, focusing on Dutch law and related international law. As I am far from an authority in this field, I will mostly be using instead of contributing when it comes to articles related to law.

Other interests
In my free time I have for many years been into computers, the internet and games. On Wikipedia you can most of the time find me in articles related to those broad subjects, which are usually more finely tuned in line with WikiProject Free Software or WikiProject Linux. Although you may just as well find me in articles such as Duke Nukem (character), Microsoft Windows or some hip new Playstation 3 game.

Other fields in which I'm active might be related to movies, television, music, firearms, martial arts or atheism, but as I said concerning computers and internet: you can just as well find me in an article I found in recent changes, some article I felt like updating with the latest facts found on a news site or some random article needing to be wikified.

title: User:Ewald


text:
Wikipedia talk:Privacy policy

Archive discussions
See old discussions regarding this page (from around 2005):

 * Village_pump_%28policy%29/Archive C
 * User_talk:Gabriel_Kent
 * User talk:Sade/archive
 * User_talk:Jimbo_Wales/Archive D

Untitled
Does this site have a privacy policy? If so, where is it? If not, why not?

 * And a good day to you too. We don't have an official privacy policy, but you might want to take a look at Feature requests/Cookies, logins, and privacy. CGS 22:12 16 Jul 2003 (UTC).

 * No, we don't. It's been suggested in the past (by, for example, user:BigFatBuddha), but nobody managed to get round to it. Martin 09:56 17 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * Please see Draft privacy policy (anon)

 * A privacy policy would be a good thing. Anyone so inclined could learn a great deal about an individuals's interests and personality by analyzing the server statistics of this site (correlating IP addresses to articles submitted/edited, etc). It would be nice for anyone concerned about their privacy to know: what information is collected about them on this site; why it's being collected; how that information is safeguarded; whether it's stored indefinitely or destroyed after a certain time; who has access to the info; whether the information will be sold, traded, or given away to third parties; what is to happen to the information should ownership of Wikipedia pass to another organization/business; how cookies are used; etc. Data mining by criminals and the private sector is already a serious concern, but with things like the Patriot Act and Total Information Awareness in the US, and similar initiatives being taken by the Canadian government (I don't know about the rest of the world), it's obvious the state has a growing interest in monitoring citizens' web-surfing habits, too. A privacy policy wouldn't eliminate those concerns, but it could go some way towards addressing them. Thanks, original poster

the whole point of wikis is that there is no privacy. You are accountable for your edits. -- Tarquin 17:16 17 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * If that is true, then why are people (such as me) allowed to post here more-or-less anonymously? Why not force people to open an account here before posting? Besides, that's besides the point. The purpose of a privacy policy is not to guarantee people's privacy on the website, but to explain where the website stands on privacy issues. Does Wikipedia sell information to private companies? Will you be put on a government list of 'suspected terrorists' 3 years from now because of that article you submitted on the Black Panthers? I don't know, because Wikipedia doesn't have a privacy policy. original poster

Wikipedia holds no personal information beyond what people choose to put on their user pages. You don't need to give your email address, and I'm sure Jimbo can say words to the effect that he won't sell them. As for Black Panthers... well, everyone can read the site. And everyone can see your IP (if you edited anonymously) or your username (if you have one). You currently need dev access to get the IP from the username edit, so your privacy is pretty secure I would say. -- Tarquin 19:58 17 Jul 2003 (UTC)

I agree with the original poster that a privacy policy would be a Good Thing. draft privacy policy is a good start. It's obvious to folks like Tarquin, but privacy-sensitive newcomers will want to know this up front. Martin

I also agree with the original poster. I am new to Wikipedia and I am very excited about it. I want to create a username and furnish my email so I can be contacted by other site users (securely), get my password emailed to me if I forget it, etc. However, I have a blanket policy that I do not give out my email address to anyone who is not willing to make me a promise up front that they will not sell it. Why, when I get a lot of spam anyway? Because I don't want to encourage or enable the spam "machine". I am disappointed that Wikipedia does not make a promise of this kind.

Because in all other respects Wikipedia seems to be very progressive and a Good Thing I will likely go ahead and do it just this once. However, the fact remains that all those thousands of valuable (to spammers) email addresses are stored together in one place somewhere on one of the Wikipedia servers. I strongly suggest that the site administrators make a promise to the effect that the column "EmailAddress" in the database table "Users" -- or the equivalent thereof in the Wikipedia backend data repository -- is private and secure information that is not sold or disclosed without the knowledge of the user. To me, that's what a privacy policy is about -- we promise we won't go behind your back and sell/distribute your information.

It does seem ironic to me that the best way to ensure privacy is to post anonymously... -Sean Curtin 21:21, 11 Jul 2004 (UTC)

This came up on Village pump (policy):

privacy policy
I think Wikipedia should follow web standards and post a privacy policy link on its main page, that points to a page saying exactly what info Wikipedia is maintaining about users, and what it does with browser cookies. Obviously it keeps detailed records of edits. That's fine. What I'd like to know is more about ordinary browsing without editing. Specifically:

 * 1) How long are access logs retained?
 * 2) If a user is logged in (personal ID stored in a cookie), is that cookie included in the access logs, so the logs show what articles the person has been reading?
 * 3) Who has access to the logs?
 * 4) Can Wikipedia's maintainers state that they've never gotten any PATRIOT Act  orders to reveal anyone's browsing history?  (If they /have/ gotten such orders,   they may not be allowed to say so, but if they haven't gotten such orders, they   can say they haven't).  So an answer like "no comment" can be interpreted as "yes, Wikipedia has turned stuff over to Homeland security."

Thanks.

 * I second this. An explicit privacy policy is a good idea for almost any website, if only to ensure our readers' peace of mind, and the cookies and logging on extends the potential problems with this site a bit beyond Joe's Random Site. Deco 12:17, 28 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I third this. I am suprised it has taken this long to be discussed, or perhaps this discussion exists elsewhere but there was not a page @ Privacy Policy. So I used Tech Republic's free Privacy Policy template as the basis for this very important document. I will copy this thread to the discussion @ Talk:Privacy_Policy - Gabriel Kent 22:59, 28 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I support this suggestion. Does Wikipedia currently have a privacy policy? If not, one should be made. If so, it should be made more visible. This may need to be discussed on the mailing lists. --Improv 16:21, 29 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * This discussion belongs at Privacy policy where they've been trying to put one together for a year. -- Cyrius|✎ 18:21, 29 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Oops. Also see Privacy policy and Wikipedia talk: Privacy policy. Deco 04:33, 30 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Footer
This page says it's supposed to be linked from the footer of all pages on the site; I don't see that link anywhere. -- Beland 13:12, 25 May 2005 (UTC)

 * It's not been done yet. See bug 1999. Angela.

 * It's now in MediaWiki:Copyright. Angela. 19:05, 27 October 2005 (UTC)

Category discussion
This page might get a new policy category; the discussion is at WP:VPP. - Dank (push to talk) 23:27, 25 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Please see discussions at WT:POLICY and WT:Terms of use. The "policy" label moved to WP:Wikimedia policy, which now links the relevant page at . - Dank (push to talk) 19:01, 16 December 2009 (UTC)

Community consultation: Remit of the Ombudsman Commission
The Ombudsman Commission would like to consult the community on their opinions about the remit of the Commission. Please see this notice. Feel free to cross-post this notice to any appropriate noticeboard. --(ʞɿɐʇ) ɐuɐʞsǝp 15:10, 25 February 2013 (UTC)

RFC regarding the scope of the Ombudsman Commission
The Ombudsman Commission is currently holding a request for comment. Currently, the Commission only hears complaints regarding the privacy policy. We propose to change the scope of the Commission to also include hearing complaints about the global Checkuser and Oversight policy policies.

For more information please visit the RFC, which can be found at Requests for comment/Scope of Ombudsman Commission. Please direct all questions and comments there.

For the Ombudsman Commission,

--(ʞɿɐʇ) ɐuɐʞsǝp 21:24, 6 May 2013 (UTC)

==Discussion at Wikipedia:Village pump (proposals) § Allowing editors to opt out of private information on XTools.== You are invited to join the discussion at Wikipedia:Village pump (proposals) § Allowing editors to opt out of private information on XTools.. 🌺 Cremastra (talk) 20:11, 19 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia talk:Privacy policy


text:
Ailurinae

Ailurinae is a subfamily of Ailuridae (of which this is the only extant subfamily out of three). While it is represented by the extant genus Ailurus, there were a handful of genera whose fossils have been found across the Holarctic region. These include the Middle Miocene Magerictis of Spain, the Early Pliocene Pristinailurus of the United States of America and their sister taxon Parailurus of Eurasia and North America in the Pliocene. Unlike Ailurus which is a specialized arboreal bamboo forager, the extinct ailurine species were more generalized and spent their time foraging on the ground.

title: Ailurinae


text:
Spectator sport

A spectator sport is a sport that is characterized by the presence of spectators, or watchers, at its competitions. Spectator sports may be professional sports or amateur sports. They often are distinguished from participant sports, which are more recreational.

Overview
Most popular sports are both spectator and participant, for example association football, basketball, cricket, tennis, rugby, golf, athletics and volleyball. Less popular sports are mainly participant sports, for example hunting.

The increasing broadcasting of sports events, along with media reporting can affect the number of people attending sports due to the ability to experience the sport without the need to physically attend and sometimes an increasingly enhanced experience including highlights, replays, commentary, statistics and analysis. Some sports are particularly known as "armchair sports" or "lounge room sports" due to the quality of the broadcasting experience in comparison to the live experience.

Spectator sports have built their own set of culture and traditions including, in the United States, cheerleading, team mascots, and pre-game and half time entertainment such as fireworks, particularly for big games such as competition decider events and international tests. The passion of some sports fans also means that there are occasionally spectator incidents. The North American Society for Sport Management (NASSM) devotes much of their annual conference to research addressing the psychology behind a desire to view spectator sports, and how it might be leveraged to increase demand. Much of the research focuses on exploiting a need for vicarious achievement, and a desire within the spectator to project a public image through a declaration of team allegiance.

Separation of the active and the passive, the line between sport and spectator, gives rise to the paradox of the spectator—described by French philosopher Jacques Rancière—which is to seek an opportunity to passively contemplate engaging in an activity, and in doing so, forfeit that life moment one might have used to actually engage in the activity.

title: Spectator sport