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Cooper Union

The Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art, commonly known as Cooper Union, is a private college on Cooper Square in Lower Manhattan, New York City. Peter Cooper founded the institution in 1859 after learning about the government-supported École Polytechnique in France. The school was built on a radical new model of American higher education based on Cooper's belief that an education "equal to the best technology schools established" should be accessible to those who qualify, independent of their race, religion, sex, wealth or social status, and should be "open and free to all".

The college is divided into three schools: the Irwin S. Chanin School of Architecture, the School of Art, and the Albert Nerken School of Engineering. It offers undergraduate and master's degree programs exclusively in the fields of architecture, fine arts (undergraduate only), and engineering.

Cooper Union was one of very few American institutions of higher learning to offer a full-tuition scholarship to every admitted student, a practice it discontinued in 2014, now offering a half-tuition scholarship to each admitted student. Admission to Cooper Union is competitive, with an acceptance rate of 12% across the three schools.

Founding and early history
The Cooper Union was founded in 1859 by American industrialist Peter Cooper, one of the richest businessmen in the United States. Cooper was a workingman's son who had less than a year of formal schooling. Cooper designed and built America's first steam railroad engine and made a fortune with a glue factory and iron foundry. He was a principal investor and first president of the New York, Newfoundland and London Telegraph Company, which laid the first transatlantic telegraph cable, and once ran for President under the Greenback Party, becoming the oldest person ever nominated for the office by a political party.

Cooper's dream was to give talented young people the one privilege he lacked: a good education from an institution which was "open and free to all". To achieve these goals, Cooper designated the bulk of his wealth to The Cooper Union. According to The New York Times in 1863, "It was rare that those of limited means, however eager they might be to acquire a knowledge of some of the higher branches of education, could obtain tuition in studies not named in the regular course taught in our public schools." Discrimination based on ethnicity, religion, or sex was expressly prohibited.

Development after founding
Originally intended to be named simply "the Union", the Cooper Union began with adult education in night classes on the subjects of applied sciences and architectural drawing, as well as day classes primarily intended for women on the subjects of photography, telegraphy, typewriting and shorthand in what was called the college's Female School of Design. The early institution also had a free reading room open day and night, the first in New York City (predating the New York Public Library system), and a new four-year nighttime engineering college for men and a few women. In 1883, a five-year curriculum in chemistry was added as an alternative to the applied science (engineering) program. A daytime engineering college was added in 1902, thanks to funds contributed by Andrew Carnegie. Initial board members included Daniel F. Tiemann, John E. Parsons, Horace Greeley and William Cullen Bryant, and those who availed themselves of the institute's courses in its early days included Augustus Saint-Gaudens, Thomas Alva Edison and William Francis Deegan.

The Cooper Union's free classes have evolved into three schools: the School of Art, the Irwin S. Chanin School of Architecture, and the Albert Nerken School of Engineering. Since 1859, the Cooper Union has educated thousands of artists, architects, and engineers, many of them leaders in their fields.

After 1864 there were a few attempts to merge Cooper Union and Columbia University, but these were never realized.

The Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum, was founded in 1897 as part of Cooper Union by Sarah, Eleanor, and Amy Hewitt, granddaughters of Peter Cooper.

The Foundation Building
Cooper Union's Foundation Building is an Italianate brownstone building designed by architect Fred A. Petersen, one of the founders of the American Institute of Architects. It was the first structure in New York City to feature rolled-iron I-beams for structural support; Peter Cooper himself invented and produced these beams. Petersen patented a fire-resistant hollow brick tile he used in the building's construction. The building was the first in the world to be built with an elevator shaft, because Cooper, in 1853, was confident an elevator would soon be invented. However, he expected them to be cylindrical, so he designed the shaft in the shape of a circle. The building was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1961, and a New York City Landmark in 1965, and added to the Historic American Engineering Record in 1971.

The Foundation Building's Great Hall

On February 27, 1860, the school's Great Hall, located in the basement level of the Foundation Building, became the site of a historic address by Abraham Lincoln. "Lincoln made his address on a snowy night before about 1,500 persons."

Widely reported in the press and reprinted throughout the North in pamphlet form, the speech galvanized support for Lincoln and contributed to his gaining the Party's nomination for the presidency. It is now referred to as the Cooper Union Address.

Since then, the Great Hall has served as a platform for historic addresses by American Presidents Grant, Cleveland, Taft, Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson,   and Bill Clinton. Clinton spoke on May 12, 1993, about reducing the federal deficit and again on May 23, 2006, as the Keynote Speaker at The Cooper Union's 147th Commencement, along with Anna Deavere Smith. He appeared a third time on April 23, 2007, along with Senator Edward Kennedy, Henry Kissinger, Norman Mailer, and others, at the memorial service for historian Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. Most recently, Barack Obama delivered an economic policy speech at Cooper Union's Great Hall on April 22, 2010. On September 22, 2014, President of the Palestinian National Authority Mahmoud Abbas delivered his first formal speech in English.

Other speakers in the Great Hall have included Frederick Douglass, Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Mark Twain. The Great Hall continues to serve as an important metropolitan art space and has hosted lectures and performances by such key figures as Joseph Campbell, Steve Reich, Salman Rushdie, Ralph Nader, Hamza Yusuf, Richard Stallman, Rudolph Giuliani, Pema Chodron, Michael Bloomberg, Evo Morales, and Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez. When not occupied by external or hosted events, the Great Hall is made accessible to students and faculty for large lectures and recreational activities, including the school's annual Culture Show. In 1994, the Cooper Union Forum of Public Programs was honored with a Village Award from the Greenwich Village Society for Historic Preservation.

In late 2008, the Great Hall was closed to students and outside events for the first major renovation of the hall since 1978.

Modern changes
The Cooper Union has schools in architecture, fine art, and engineering. At present, these three fields represent Cooper Union's degree programs. The Faculty of Humanities and Social Studies provides classes and faculty to all three programs.

In 2002, the school decided to generate revenue by razing its engineering building and having it replaced with a commercial building, and replacing its Hewitt Building with a new building called 41 Cooper Square.

41 Cooper Square

A new classroom, laboratory, and studio facility designed by Thom Mayne replaced the aging Hewitt Academic Building at 41 Cooper Square. In contrast to the Foundation Building, 41 Cooper Square is of modern, environmentally "green" design, housing nine above-ground floors and two basements. The structure features unconventional architectural features, including a full-height Grand Atrium, prevalent interior windows, a four-story linear central staircase, and upper-level skyways, which reflect the design intention of inspiring, socially interactive space for students and faculty. In addition, the building's design allows for up to 75% natural lighting, further reducing energy costs. In 2010, 41 Cooper Square became the first academic and laboratory structure in New York City to meet Platinum-level LEED standards for energy efficiency. The building was funded in part by alumni donations, materialized in nameplates and other textual recognition throughout the building.

Primarily designed to house the Cooper Union's School of Engineering and School of Art, the new building's first eight above-ground floors are populated by classrooms, small engineering laboratories, study lounges, art studio space, and faculty offices. The ninth, top floor is dedicated completely to School of Art studio and classroom space in addition to the art studio spaces located throughout the building. The lowest basement level consists almost completely of the school's large machine shops and design laboratories, as well as much of the HVAC and supply infrastructure. The building's first basement level houses primarily the Frederick P. Rose Auditorium, a 198-capacity lecture hall and event space designed as a smaller, more modern alternative to the Great Hall.

Financial support
A substantial portion of the annual budget, which supports the full-tuition scholarships in addition to the school's costs, is generated through revenues from real estate. Its endowment is over $600 million. The land under the Chrysler Building is owned by the endowment, and as of 2009, Cooper Union received $7 million per year from this parcel. Further, under a very unusual arrangement, New York City real-estate taxes assessed against the Chrysler lease, held by Aby Rosen, are paid to Cooper Union, not the city. This arrangement would be voided if Cooper Union sold the real estate. In 2006, Tishman Speyer signed a deal with the school to pay rent that has escalated to $32.5 million in 2018.

Financial crisis and tuition controversy
Around October 29, 2011, rumors circulated the school was in serious financial trouble. On October 31, a series of open forums were held with students, faculty, and alumni to address the crisis.

Current and past students voiced opposition to charging tuition. The then-president of the school, Jamshed Bharucha, indicated depletion of the school's endowment required additional sources of funding. In 2012, the college announced approval from its board of trustees to attempt to establish a new tuition-based cross-disciplinary graduate program, expand its fee-based continuing education programs, and impose tuition on some students in its existing graduate programs.

In December 2012, as a protest against the possibility of undergraduate tuition being charged, 11 students occupied a suite in the Foundation Building for a week. Charging high tuition was complicated by the school's lack of customary amenities offered by other high-tuition schools.

The college ended its free tuition policy for undergraduates in 2014, but offers need-based tuition remission to incoming undergraduates on a sliding scale. On May 8, 2013, a group of students occupied President Bharucha's office in protest over news reports about ending free tuition. The administration, board of trustees, and those members of the Cooper Union community who had been occupying the Office of the President since early May reached an agreement that ended the occupation on July 12.

Throughout 2013, 2014, and 2015, the Committee to Save Cooper Union (CSCU) — a coalition of former and current students, alumni and faculty — campaigned to reverse this decision, urging the president and the board of trustees to return Cooper Union to "its tuition-free and merit-based mission, ensure the school’s fiscal recovery, and establish better governance structures."

On September 1, 2015, the school and the CSCU announced the CSCU's lawsuit against the school's administration was resolved in the form of a consent decree signed by Cooper Union, then-New York State's Attorney General Eric Schneiderman, and the CSCU. The decree includes provisions for returning to a sustainable, tuition-free policy, increased board transparency, additional student, faculty and alumni trustees, an independent financial monitor appointed by the Attorney General, and a search committee to identify the next full-term president.

On January 15, 2018, the Free Education Committee (FEC) of the school's Board of Trustees released their recommended plan to return to full-tuition scholarships for undergraduates only by the academic year starting in the fall of 2028. In March 2018, the board released its approved, updated version with the same milestone.

The Albert Nerken School of Engineering
The Cooper Union's School of Engineering is named in honor of Albert Nerken, a chemical engineering alumnus of the school. Its enrollment includes about 550 students, and is the largest of the three schools by a significant margin. The school offers ABET-accredited Bachelor of Engineering (BE) degree programs in core engineering fields and an interdisciplinary Bachelor of Science in Engineering (BSE) degree. Opportunities are also available for engineering students to pursue minors in bioengineering, chemistry, computer science, humanities and social sciences, and mathematics.

Specialized facilities for teaching and research include the Maurice Kanbar Center for Biomedical Engineering established in 2002 and the interdisciplinary Maker Space Lab, established in 2020 for the use of engineering, art, and architecture students.

Master's in Engineering
The School of Engineering offers master's degrees in chemical, civil, electrical, or mechanical engineering. Cooper Union undergraduate engineering students may earn a bachelor's degree and a master's degree in as little as five years.

The School of Art

Consisting of roughly 200 students and 70 faculty members, the Cooper Union School of Art offers a Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) degree and a Certificate of Fine Arts. As a member school of AICAD, School of Art students may participate in exchange programs with the other colleges in the association, including California Institute of the Arts and Otis College of Art and Design.

The Cooper Union Art program is often referred to as "generalist" or "versatile" when compared to other Fine Arts colleges; incoming students do not choose an academic major within the Fine Arts field, but instead are permitted and encouraged to select courses from any of the School of Art's departments. The curriculum place heavy emphasis on each student's creative and imaginative abilities, rather than technical precision in a specific medium.

Galleries
Located in both public spaces and specialized rooms, Cooper Union's galleries provide space for installations and showcases by students, faculty, and guest artists. Popular gallery locations include the Great Hall lobby in the Foundation Building and newly opened 41 Cooper Gallery in 41 Cooper Square, which provides a two-story high space for large, three-dimensional exhibitions and works visible from both the building lobby and 7th street through large plate-glass windows.

In addition, numerous smaller exhibition spaces exist throughout both buildings on campus. Larger spaces on the upper floors of the Foundation Building are used primarily for interdisciplinary exhibitions with the School of Architecture. For presentations of video and digital media, the Great Hall and 41 Cooper Square's Rose Auditorium are used.

Irwin S. Chanin School of Architecture
The Irwin S. Chanin School of Architecture at the Cooper Union offers a five-year NAAB accredited program established by John Hejduk. The philosophical foundation of the school was directly committed to the "Social Contract" and dedicated to education as "one of the last places that protects freedom, and teaching as a sociopolitical act, among other things." among those other things were principles of free debate and theoretical discourse which drew source from deep wellsprings of lost histories such as the Bauhaus school of Architecture founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.

The faculty includes architects, design and construction managers such as Peter Eisenman, Samuel Anderson, Nader Tehrani, and Diana Agrest. Former faculty members include the architects Michael Webb, Peter Eisenman, Raimund Abraham, Lebbeus Woods, Diane Lewis and John Hejduk.

Master of Architecture II
The post-professional degree program in architecture was launched in 2009. Concentrations in one or a combination of three areas are offered: theory, history and criticism of architecture, urban studies and technologies.

Athletics
Cooper Union has developed an athletic program which fields teams in basketball, volleyball, and soccer.

Notable alumni
Awards received by Cooper Union alumni include one Nobel Prize in Physics, a Pritzker Prize, fifteen Rome Prizes, 26 Guggenheim Fellowships, three MacArthur Fellowships, nine Chrysler Design Awards, three Emmy Awards, one Tony, one Grammy, one Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering, and three Thomas Jefferson Awards for Public Architecture, which is sponsored by the American Institute of Architects. The school also boasts 39 Fulbright Scholars since 2001, and thirteen National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowships since 2004.

Notable faculty
Notable faculty of the Cooper Union include:
 * Raimund Abraham, architect
 * Diana Agrest, architect
 * William Arnold Anthony, physicist
 * George Herman Babcock, inventor
 * Eleanor K. Baum, electrical engineer
 * Mary Blade, mechanical engineer
 * Teresa Abi-Nader Dahlberg, academic administrator and electrical engineer
 * John Christopher Draper, chemist and surgeon
 * Thomas Eakins, painter
 * Peter Eisenman, architect
 * William Germano, editor
 * Charles Gwathmey, architect
 * Hans Haacke, artist
 * John Hejduk, architect
 * Basil King, painter and writer
 * Jonas Mekas, filmmaker
 * Margaret Morton, photographer and artist
 * Aldo Rossi, architect
 * Ricardo Scofidio, architect
 * Ysrael Seinuk, structural engineer
 * William Wiswesser, chemist; inventor of Wiswesser line notation
 * Lebbeus Woods, architect
 * John Celivergos Zachos, physician, inventor and literary scholar

In popular culture
Film

 * In Susan Skoog's coming-of-age independent film Whatever (1998), precocious suburban teen Anna Stockard (Liza Weil) harbors dreams of moving to the city to study art at the Cooper Union in the early 80s.
 * The Disappearance of Eleanor Rigby features the New Academic Building.
 * Winter's Tale (2014) was filmed at Cooper's foundation building to fit the novel's early 1900 setting.

Literature
 * The Cooper Union acts as a symbol of Progressivism in the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel His Family (1917) by Ernest Poole, as well as in the novel From Immigrant to Inventor (1924) by Michael Pupin.
 * Cooper Union is the meeting place of two main characters in The Gilded Hour (2015), a historical novel by Sara Donati. The characters meet at Abraham Lincoln's 1860 speech at Cooper Union.

Television
 * 41 Cooper Square was frequently shown in episodes of the television series Instinct, wherein it was depicted as the NYC 11th police precinct.

title: Cooper Union


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Talk:List of Maine painters

Untitled
Where did this list come from? I quickly looked up a couple of names and Bellows was from Ohio, Church from Connecticut and Avery from New York. So I'm highly skeptical that this list is of any use except perhaps as a list of American painters. Zoicon5

 * According to the history it came from list of painters. Maybe it was meant to include people who spent much time painting in Maine? Who can tell...
 * What I normally do in these situations is fix the errors I know about and add a disclaimer from accuracy dispute to tell readers that there might be other errors. But if it is completely useless, maybe it should be deleted... Martin 20:59 22 Jul 2003 (UTC)

Comment
I don't think Frank Henry Mason belongs here. He is a marine painter rather than a Maine painter. Do you mean Frank Herbert Mason? Stuffed cat (talk) 22:48, 6 October 2010 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:List of Maine painters


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Hemingway (disambiguation)

Ernest Hemingway (1899-1961) was an American writer and journalist.

Hemingway may also refer to:
 * Hemingway (surname), a surname and list of people with that name
 * Hemingway (comics), a Marvel Comics character
 * Hemingway, South Carolina
 * 3656 Hemingway, an asteroid
 * Hemingway: On the Edge, a play by Ed Metzger and Laya Gelff-Metzger
 * "Hemingway", a song by Bløf
 * Hemingway, a 1988 television mini-series starring Stacy Keach
 * Hemingway, a bulldog owned by Pete Wentz featured in the video "The Take Over, the Breaks Over"
 * Hemingway (crater), a crater on Mercury
 * Hemingway (film), a 2021 PBS documentary starring Jeff Daniels

title: Hemingway (disambiguation)


text: Talk:Qusay Hussein

title: Talk:Qusay Hussein


text:
Talk:Matt Jefferies

Untitled
Who is Penny Juday? RickK 01:25 24 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * Art Department Coordinator. She seems to know about every single prop used on Star Trek -- Harry 21:03, 9 Apr 2004 (UTC)

Military Service
He received the Bronze Star and Air Medal for his service in WW2. http://www.aahs-online.org/BackIssues/Imagev48n3_9.htm —Preceding unsigned comment added by 163.231.6.85 (talk) 18:52, 5 November 2008 (UTC)

Death
It says here that he died of congestive heart failure. See staff profile: -- AllyUnion (talk) 14:03, 1 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Desperately needs clarifying...
"Years later, his concept sketches were revisited and used to design the starship Enterprise"

This coming after talking about how he designed the original interiors and exteriors of the Enterprise. I haven't a clue what this even means so I can't actually change it to something that makes sense. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 46.208.223.103 (talk) 19:42, 23 June 2012 (UTC)

Jefferies Tubes
Assuming someone can find a "source", shouldn't it be mentioned that the access tubes in the Star Trek universe are named after him? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.4.155.39 (talk) 03:47, 26 June 2014 (UTC)

Matt Jefferies formal education
Does anyone have any information about Matt Jefferies formal education? Where he went to school and what he majored i. What level of degrees he achieved? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Lokisgodhi (talk • contribs) 04:59, 14 April 2016 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Matt Jefferies


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Frances McDormand

Frances Louise McDormand (born Cynthia Ann Smith; June 23, 1957) is an American actress and producer. In a career spanning over four decades, she has gained acclaim for her roles in small-budget independent films. McDormand has received numerous accolades, including four Academy Awards, two Emmy Awards, and one Tony Award, making her one of the few performers to achieve the "Triple Crown of Acting". Additionally, she has received three BAFTAs and two Golden Globe Awards. McDormand's worldwide box office gross exceeds $2.2 billion.

McDormand was educated at Bethany College and Yale University. She has been married to Joel Coen of the Coen brothers since 1984. She has appeared in a number of their films, including Blood Simple (1984), Raising Arizona (1987), Miller's Crossing (1990), Barton Fink (1991), Fargo (1996), The Man Who Wasn't There (2001), Burn After Reading (2008), and Hail, Caesar! (2016). McDormand won three Academy Awards for Best Actress for playing a pregnant police chief in Fargo (1996), a grieving mother seeking vengeance in Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri (2017), and a widowed nomad in Nomadland (2020). She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her roles in Mississippi Burning (1988), Almost Famous (2000), and North Country (2005). McDormand is the second woman to win Best Actress three times (after Katharine Hepburn), and the seventh performer to win three acting Oscars.

On television, McDormand produced and starred as the titular protagonist in the HBO miniseries Olive Kitteridge (2014), which won her the Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or Movie and Outstanding Limited or Anthology Series. On stage, McDormand made her Broadway debut in a revival of Awake and Sing! (1984). She went on to win the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for her role as a troubled single mother in Good People (2011). She was previously nominated for the 1988 revival of A Streetcar Named Desire.

Early life
McDormand was born Cynthia Ann Smith on June 23, 1957, in Gibson City, Illinois. She was adopted at one and a half years of age by Noreen (Nickelson) and Vernon McDormand and renamed Frances Louise McDormand. Her adoptive mother was a nurse and receptionist while her adoptive father was a Disciples of Christ pastor; both were originally from Canada. McDormand has said that her biological mother—whom she has proudly described, along with herself, as "white trash"—may have been one of the parishioners at Vernon's church. She has a sister, Dorothy A. "Dot" McDormand, who is an ordained Disciples of Christ minister and chaplain, as well as a brother, Kenneth, both of whom also were adopted by the McDormands, who had no biological children.

Because McDormand's father specialized in restoring congregations, he frequently moved their family, and they lived in several small towns in Illinois, Georgia, Kentucky, and Tennessee, before settling in Monessen, Pennsylvania, where McDormand graduated from Monessen High School in 1975. She attended Bethany College in West Virginia, earning a Bachelor of Arts degree in theater in 1979. In 1982, she earned a Master of Fine Arts degree from the Yale School of Drama. She was a roommate of actress Holly Hunter while living in New York City.

1980s: Early work and breakthrough
McDormand's first professional acting role was in Derek Walcott's play In a Fine Castle also known as The Last Carnival, which was funded by the MacArthur Foundation and performed in Trinidad. In 1984, she made her film debut in Blood Simple, the first film by her husband Joel Coen and brother-in-law Ethan Coen. In 1985, McDormand appeared in Sam Raimi's Crimewave, as well as an episode of Hunter. In 1987, she appeared as eccentric friend Dot in Raising Arizona, starring Holly Hunter and Nicolas Cage. In addition to her early film roles, McDormand played Connie Chapman in the fifth season of the television police drama Hill Street Blues, and appeared in a 1986 episode of The Twilight Zone. In 1988, she played Stella Kowalski in a stage production of Tennessee Williams' A Streetcar Named Desire, for which she was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play. McDormand is an associate member of the experimental theater company The Wooster Group. In 2002, "the game and talented" McDormand performed as Oenone in the Wooster Group's production of an "exhilarating dissection" of Racine's tragedy Phèdre entitled To You, the Birdie!, at St. Ann's Warehouse in Brooklyn, New York.

After appearing in several theatrical and television roles during the 1980s, McDormand gradually gained renown and critical acclaim for her dramatic work in film. In 1989, she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for Mississippi Burning (1988). Cast alongside Gene Hackman and Willem Dafoe, McDormand was singled out for praise, with Sheila Benson in her review for the Los Angeles Times writing, "Hackman's mastery reaches a peak here, but McDormand soars right with him. And since she is the film's sole voice of morality, it's right that she is so memorable."

1990s: Fargo and worldwide recognition

In 1990, McDormand teamed again with director Sam Raimi for Darkman, in which she co-starred alongside Liam Neeson. The film was a critical and commercial success, with film critics Gene Siskel and Roger Ebert giving the film "two thumbs up" on the TV program At the Movies. That same year, she appeared in the Coen brothers' Miller's Crossing and starred in the political thriller Hidden Agenda alongside Brian Cox, which was met with further critical acclaim, and won the Jury Prize at the 1990 Cannes Film Festival. The following year, McDormand appeared alongside Demi Moore and Jeff Daniels in the romantic comedy The Butcher's Wife. In 1992, she co-starred in the television film Crazy in Love with Holly Hunter and Gena Rowlands. In 1993, McDormand co-starred in Robert Altman's ensemble film Short Cuts, based on stories by Raymond Carver. The film was critically acclaimed, with the cast receiving a special Volpi Cup for Best Ensemble at the 50th Venice International Film Festival, as well as a Special Ensemble Award at the 51st Golden Globe Awards.

In 1996, McDormand starred as pregnant police Chief Marge Gunderson in Fargo, written and directed by the Coen brothers. She garnered widespread critical acclaim for her performance, and won the Academy Award for Best Actress, and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role. Roger Ebert called Fargo "one of the best films I've ever seen" and asserted that McDormand "should have a lock on an Academy Award nomination with this performance, which is true in every individual moment, and yet slyly, quietly, over the top in its cumulative effect." In 2003, the character of Marge Gunderson as portrayed by McDormand was ranked the 33rd greatest screen hero by AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains. Also in 1996, McDormand played Edward Norton's psychiatrist Dr. Molly Arrington in the legal thriller Primal Fear, and appeared alongside Chris Cooper in the neo-Western mystery film Lone Star.

In 1997, McDormand received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or Television Movie for her role as Gus in the television film Hidden in America (1996). That same year, she co-starred alongside Glenn Close in Bruce Beresford's war drama Paradise Road. In 1998, McDormand played the strict but loving nun Miss Clara Clavel in the family film Madeline.

2000s: Established actress
In 2001, McDormand was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress for her portrayal of an overbearing mother in Almost Famous (2000). For her role in Wonder Boys (2000), she won Best Supporting Actress from the Florida Film Critics Circle and the Los Angeles Film Critics Association. For her roles in both films, she won the Broadcast Film Critics Association award for Best Supporting Actress. McDormand starred as Billy Bob Thornton's wife Doris Crane in the Coen Brothers' film noir The Man Who Wasn't There (2001). In 2002, she starred alongside Robert De Niro in the crime drama City by the Sea, and as free-spirited record producer Jane in Laurel Canyon, which earned her an Independent Spirit Award nomination for Best Supporting Female. The following year, she played Diane Keaton's sister Zoe in the romantic comedy Something's Gotta Give. In 2005, McDormand co-starred alongside Charlize Theron in the true life drama North Country, which earned her Academy Award, BAFTA Award, Golden Globe Award, and Screen Actors Guild Award nominations for Best Supporting Actress. That same year, she also appeared alongside Theron in the science fiction action film Æon Flux.

In 2007, McDormand won an Independent Spirit Award for her supporting role in Nicole Holofcener's dark comedy Friends with Money (2006). She also voiced the role of the principal Melanie Upfoot in The Simpsons episode "Girls Just Want to Have Sums", which aired on April 30, 2006. In 2008, McDormand starred in the romantic comedy Miss Pettigrew Lives for a Day alongside Amy Adams as governess Guinevere Pettigrew, and the black comedy Burn After Reading, which earned her a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actress – Motion Picture Comedy or Musical.

2010s: Continued success and critical acclaim
In 2011, she appeared alongside Sean Penn in This Must Be the Place, and alongside her Burn After Reading co-star John Malkovich in the action movie Transformers: Dark of the Moon, playing the US government's National Intelligence Director Charlotte Mearing. She returned to the stage in the David Lindsay-Abaire play Good People, in a limited engagement on Broadway from February 8, 2011, to May 29, 2011. Her performance won her the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play. In the animated film Madagascar 3: Europe's Most Wanted (2012), McDormand voiced Captain Chantel Dubois and also sang a version of the French song "Non, je ne regrette rien". That same year, she co-starred in Wes Anderson's ensemble film Moonrise Kingdom, and alongside Matt Damon in Promised Land. Although primarily recognized for her roles in independent films she has gained a box office gross of $2.2 billion. helped by her appearances in Dark of the Moon and Europe's Most Wanted.

In November 2014, HBO aired a four-part miniseries based upon the series of short stories by Elizabeth Strout, Olive Kitteridge, co-produced by and starring McDormand. For her performance in the title role, she won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or Movie and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie. With her Emmy win, McDormand became the twelfth actress in history to achieve the "Triple Crown of Acting", for competitive Oscar, Emmy, and Tony Award wins in acting categories. As a co-producer on Olive Kitteridge, McDormand also won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Limited Series. In 2015, McDormand voiced Momma Ida in the Pixar animated film The Good Dinosaur.

In 2017, McDormand starred in Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri as Mildred Hayes, a grieving mother who rents three roadside billboards to call attention to her daughter's unsolved rape and murder. Her performance garnered enormous critical acclaim, and she won her second Academy Award for Best Actress (her statuette was stolen briefly following the awards ceremony), the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role, the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama, and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role. During that year's awards season, she drew significant media attention for her feminist provoking acceptance speeches which came with the advent of the Time's Up and Me Too movements.

In 2018, McDormand voiced Interpreter Nelson in Wes Anderson's stop-motion animated film Isle of Dogs. The following year, she voiced God in the six-episode Amazon/BBC Studios series Good Omens, starring Michael Sheen and David Tennant.

2020s: Nomadland and further critical success
In 2020, McDormand produced and starred in Chloé Zhao's Nomadland, playing Fern, a nomad in the American West. McDormand received universal acclaim for her performance, winning her third Academy Award for Best Actress and her second BAFTA Award for Best Actress, and earning nominations for the Golden Globe Award and Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Actress. As a producer on the film, McDormand also won the Academy Award, BAFTA Award, and Golden Globe Award for Best Picture. Her wins for Nomadland made her the first person in history to win Academy Awards both as producer and performer for the same film, the second woman in history to win Best Actress three times, and the seventh performer overall to win three competitive Academy Awards in acting categories. In 2021, McDormand received further critical acclaim for her performances as Lady Macbeth in Joel Coen's The Tragedy of Macbeth and Lucinda Krementz in Wes Anderson's The French Dispatch.

In 2022, McDormand produced and appeared in Women Talking. The film was met with critical acclaim and was nominated for Best Picture at the 95th Academy Awards.

Reception and acting style
Throughout her career spanning over four decades, McDormand has appeared in a wide variety of projects on the screen and stage, portraying various characters for which she has frequently received critical acclaim. Vogue remarked that she is "long considered one of our greatest living performers" and that "she grounds every performance with an innate truthfulness. McDormand makes you believe every person she plays is a flesh-and-blood human who continues living out their life once the cameras stop rolling." In his review of Laurel Canyon (2002), film critic Roger Ebert wrote "In almost all of her roles, McDormand embodies an immediate, present, physical, functioning, living, breathing person as well as any actor ever has, and she plays radically different roles as easily as she walks... How she does it is a mystery, but she does, reinventing herself, role after role. McDormand is ascendant." In his review of Nomadland (2020), film critic Leonard Maltin refers to McDormand as "one of the finest actresses on the planet," stating "because [Fern] is played by McDormand, there is no better way to establish a connection between her and us in the audience. We know she is genuine; there is no artifice here."

Personal life
McDormand has been married to director Joel Coen since 1984. In 1995, they adopted a son from Paraguay when he was six months old.

Acting credits and awards

McDormand has received numerous accolades, including three BAFTA Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, two Primetime Emmy Awards, four Screen Actors Guild Awards, and one Tony Award. She has received three Academy Awards for Best Actress for her performances in Fargo (1996), Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri (2017), and Nomadland (2020). For producing the latter, she was also awarded the Academy Award for Best Picture, making her the first person in history to win Academy Awards both as producer and performer for the same film.

She has received eight Academy Award nominations total (six for acting, two for producing), for the following films:
 * 61st Academy Awards: Best Supporting Actress, nomination, for Mississippi Burning (1988)
 * 69th Academy Awards: Best Actress, win, for Fargo (1996)
 * 73rd Academy Awards: Best Supporting Actress, nomination, for Almost Famous (2000)
 * 78th Academy Awards: Best Supporting Actress, nomination, for North Country (2005)
 * 90th Academy Awards, Best Actress, win, for Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri (2017)
 * 93rd Academy Awards, Best Actress, win, for Nomadland (2020)
 * 93rd Academy Awards, Best Picture, win, for Nomadland (2020)
 * 95th Academy Awards, Best Picture, nomination, for Women Talking (2022)

McDormand's most acclaimed films, according to the review-aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, include:

 * Blood Simple (1984)
 * Raising Arizona (1987)
 * Mississippi Burning (1988)
 * Darkman (1990)
 * Hidden Agenda (1990)
 * Short Cuts (1993)
 * Fargo (1996)
 * Primal Fear (1996)
 * Lone Star (1996)
 * Wonder Boys (2000)
 * Almost Famous (2000)
 * The Man Who Wasn't There (2001)
 * Burn After Reading (2008)
 * Miss Pettigrew Lives for a Day (2008)
 * Moonrise Kingdom (2012)
 * Madagascar 3: Europe's Most Wanted (2012)
 * The Good Dinosaur (2015)
 * Hail, Caesar! (2016)
 * Three Billboards Outside Ebbing, Missouri (2017)
 * Isle of Dogs (2018)
 * Nomadland (2020)
 * The French Dispatch (2021)
 * The Tragedy of Macbeth (2021)
 * Women Talking (2022)

title: Frances McDormand


text:
Peshtigo fire

The Peshtigo fire was a large forest fire on October 8, 1871, in northeastern Wisconsin, United States, including much of the southern half of the Door Peninsula and adjacent parts of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The largest community in the affected area was Peshtigo, Wisconsin, which had a population of approximately 1,700 residents. The fire burned about 1.2 million acres and is the deadliest wildfire in recorded history, with the number of deaths estimated between 1,500 and 2,500. Although the exact number of deaths is debated, mass graves, both those already exhumed and those still being discovered, in Peshtigo and the surrounding areas show that the death toll of the blaze was most likely greater than the 1889 Johnstown flood death toll of 2,200 people or more.

Occurring on the same day as the more famous Great Chicago Fire, the Peshtigo fire has been largely forgotten, even though it killed five times as many people. "Everybody's heard about the Chicago fire, and that got all the publicity at the time," said a volunteer at the Peshtigo Fire Museum, named Ruth Wiltzius, whose great-grandfather perished while trying to escape. "Peshtigo was a backwards lumber town then—who had ever heard of it? Chicago was the big city. Which one was going to get more attention?"

Nonetheless, several cities in Michigan, including Holland and Manistee (across Lake Michigan from Peshtigo) and Port Huron (at the southern end of Lake Huron), also had major fires on the same day. These fires, along with many other fires of the 19th century had the same basic causes: small fires coupled with unusually dry weather.

Firestorm
Slash-and-burn land management was a common way to clear forest for farming and railroad construction. This allowed for farmers to have good soil for planting but contributed to the fires that burned all summer and into the fall. Due to the benefit of having the controlled fires, many people including immigrants from Europe believed that fire was an ally. On the day of the Peshtigo fire, a cold front moved in from the west, bringing strong winds that fanned the fires out of control and escalated them to massive proportions.

A firestorm ensued. In the words of Gess and Lutz, in a firestorm "superheated flames of at least 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit ... advance on winds of 110 miles per hour or stronger. The diameter of such a fire ranges from one thousand to ten thousand feet ... When a firestorm erupts in a forest, it is a blowup, nature's nuclear explosion ... "

By the time it was over, between 1.2 and 1.5 million acres of land had been burned. In addition to Peshtigo, 16 other communities were destroyed in the fire.

The value of the property and forest that was destroyed in the fire was estimated to be about $5 million US (about $ in 2024 dollars). Additionally, 2,000,000 trees, saplings, and animals perished in the fire; this had a devastating economic impact on the area as well.

An accurate death toll has never been determined because all local records were destroyed in the fire. Estimates vary from 1,200 to 2,400 deaths.

The 1873 Report to the Wisconsin Legislature listed 1,182 names of dead or missing residents. In 1870, the Town of Peshtigo had 1,749 residents. More than 350 bodies were buried in a mass grave, primarily because so many people had died that there was no one left alive who could identify them. The Peshtigo Fire Cemetery was entered into the National Register of Historic Places which is determined by age, integrity and significance of the site. The Rev. Peter Pernin, in his eyewitness account, states that the prolonged drought at that time combined with the factor of human carelessness were omens of the horrible disaster. He also notes how the fire seemed to jump across the Peshtigo River using the bridges and upward air drafts and burn both sides of the town.

Other survivors reported that the firestorm generated a fire whirl (described as a tornado) that threw rail cars and houses into the air. Many citizens escaped the flames by immersing themselves in the Peshtigo River, wells, or other nearby bodies of water. Some drowned while others succumbed to hypothermia in the frigid river. In one account, a man slit the throats of all his children to spare them from an agonizing death.

At the same time, another fire burned parts of the Door Peninsula; because of the coincidence, some incorrectly assumed that the Peshtigo fire had jumped across the waters of Green Bay into the Door County regions. However, the fire did not jump across the bay. Most likely, the firestorm spread and created a new ground fire in New Franken which then spread and burned everything northward up until Sturgeon Bay.

Comet hypothesis
Speculation since 1883 has suggested that the start of the Peshtigo and Chicago fires on the same day was not coincidental, but that all the major fires in Illinois, Michigan and Wisconsin that day were caused by impact of fragments from Biela's Comet. This hypothesis was revived in a 1985 book, reviewed in a 1997 documentary, and investigated in a 2004 paper published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

Certain behaviors of the Chicago and Peshtigo fires were cited to support the idea of an extraterrestrial cause, such as blue flames (thought to be cometary gases burning) in the basements of houses. However, modern fire theory indicates that the blue color was most likely a product of burning carbon monoxide in the poorly ventilated basements. Additionally, scientists with expertise in the field pointed out that there has never been a credible report of a fire being started by a meteorite.

In any event, no external source of ignition was needed. There were already numerous small fires burning in the area as part of land-clearing operations and similar activities after a tinder-dry summer. All that was necessary to trigger the firestorm, plus the other large fires in the Midwest, was a strong wind from the weather front which had moved in that evening.

Legacy and aftermath

The wildfire remains the deadliest in the history of Wisconsin, as well in the history of the United States. Following the fire, it took days for help to arrive. By the time that word got to Madison, most of the officials and their aid were going to Chicago, which was being called the Great Fire. Food, clothing, and other aid were quickly sent in order to help survivors, many of whom went to Marinette. All that was left of the Town of Peshtigo were a few buildings and ashes with all personal items being destroyed.

William Butler Ogden, a politician and lumber company owner, went to Peshtigo with the goal of rebuilding the town. It took years to rebuild and many businesses never reopened. Specifically, the large woodenware factory that supplied jobs to many was never rebuilt, leaving the town to never re-establish their lumber industry. Today, Peshtigo is a typical northeastern Wisconsin town, and has roughly 3,500 residents.

The Peshtigo Fire Museum, just west of U.S. Highway 41, has a small collection of fire artifacts, first-person accounts, and a graveyard dedicated to victims of the tragedy. A memorial commemorating the fire was dedicated on October 8, 2012, at the bridge over the Peshtigo River.

The National Shrine of Our Lady of Good Help, a Marian shrine in Champion, was established at the site of a chapel where Sister Adele Brise and others sheltered from the fire and survived. According to Sister Adele, in October 1859, she had a vision of the Blessed Virgin Mary with a warning, saying "If they do not convert and do penance, my Son will be obliged to punish them." Twelve years later, the fire erupted and many people flocked to the church for safety. The people prayed the rosary, and hours later rain came, which put out the fire. Some of the only things that survived the Peshtigo Fire were the convent, school, and chapel and five acres of land that had been consecrated to the Virgin Mary. The only animals that survived were those that were brought to the chapel grounds. Following the fire, people had great faith in the chapel and the Virgin Mary because they believe that she had saved them. In the following years, it was claimed that miracles occurred at the chapel. In one account, a blind girl went to the chapel to pray and came out able to see; however, none of these stories have ever been reliably documented.

Tornado Memorial County Park is located on the site of the former community of Williamsonville, a small village in Door County, and is named for the fire whirl which occurred there. The park is the only thing left of the small town as the firestorm destroyed everything. Out of the 76 inhabitants of Williamsonville, there were only 19 survivors. As a result of the fire, Williamsonville was wiped off the map as it was never rebuilt.

The combination of wind, topography and ignition sources that generated the firestorm at the boundary between human settlements and natural terrain, is known as the "Peshtigo paradigm". Those conditions were closely studied by the American and British military during World War II to learn how to recreate firestorms during bombing campaigns against cities in Germany and Japan. Denise Gess, co-author of Firestorm, said, "They actually made a 'demo' first, a little scale model of wooden buildings, and studied how you would drop bombs until it created a firestorm. Something that devastating and that hot."

Rutkow (2012) writes that the event prompted almost no change to the practices of the lumber industry or the way settlers approached life in forests. He notes that in the following decades, the rate of industrial logging increased and the amount of forest fires increased throughout the country, with Wisconsin itself experiencing major fires in 1880, 1891, 1894, 1897, 1908, 1910, 1923, 1931, and 1936. The loss of half a million acres a year was not uncommon.

Depiction in media
The Peshtigo Fire is discussed in Season 1, Episode 8, of the television series The Gilded Age when downstairs character Jack is discovered putting flowers on the grave of his mother, who died in the tragedy.

Other October 8, 1871 fires

 * Great Chicago Fire
 * Great Michigan Fire
 * Port Huron Fire of 1871

Other fire disasters in the Great Lakes

 * Great Hinckley Fire of 1894
 * Baudette fire of 1910
 * Cloquet fire of 1918
 * Thumb Fire of 1881 (see also List of Michigan wildfires)

title: Peshtigo fire


text:
Talk:Dennis Kucinich

Citation 27 does not support text
The text says "internal company memos in which company executives" but the content of the citation says the company CEO made that statement in a fundraising memo.
 * As do numerous other citations, but the people out to destroy him baked it all in. You should be ashamed of yourselves, but you're only puppets and can't understand a thing. Whatever: shame on you.

This factual problem should be corrected. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.17.237.247 (talk) 02:09, 9 May 2009 (UTC)

It looks like this is now Citation 32, not 27... I went ahead and removed the whole bit about the internal memo since it's more about Diebold's history and their conflict of interest than it is about Kucinich's domestic policy voting record or a claim he made. Equant (talk) 00:01, 2 August 2011 (UTC)

No mention of alien-sighting?
Why does this article not mention Dennis Kucinich's "encounter" with an alien? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Bigmac27712 (talk • contribs) 03:53, 18 May 2009 (UTC) it would take a jerk like him to see such--66.213.14.116 (talk) 13:48, 11 October 2018 (UTC) He said he saw a UFO, not an alien...idiot. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 137.241.250.100 (talk • contribs) 10:32, 16 June 2009 (UTC)
 * You're correct, but that's no excuse for poor civility.Kcchief915 (talk) 00:15, 14 August 2010 (UTC)

Yeah a UFO could be any type of plane you cant see clear or not know what it is. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.140.130.69 (talk) 22:50, 17 June 2009 (UTC)

Why use the phrasing 'UFO' instead of something more innocuous? He is a politician, I am sure he knows that the acronym 'UFO' has connotations that could be detrimental to his reputation. I beleive he meant to use 'UFO' because he thought he saw an alien... an 'illegal alien'! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.73.204.242 (talk) 15:59, 17 March 2010 (UTC)

Senate Bid
Does anyone know if hes seeking the Senate bid in 2010? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.140.130.69 (talk) 23:40, 11 June 2009 (UTC)

Dennis's brother Frank died June 30th, 2009
Could we add mention of the death of Dennis's brother, Frank J. Kucinich, Jr on June 30, 2009, of a heart attack? See: http://www.fox8.com/news/wjw-news-kucinich-brother-passes-away,0,7667025.story http://www.woio.com/Global/story.asp?S=10626794 —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.135.41.236 (talk) 23:07, 6 July 2009 (UTC)

Only Major Candidate
The article claims that Kucinich was the only 'major' candidate in the 2008 election who hadn't voted for the Iraq war. I guess Ron Paul isn't considered a 'major' candidate? What defines a 'major' candidate? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.226.221.213 (talk) 21:10, 6 December 2009 (UTC)
 * Nice catch. --Abie the Fish Peddler (talk) 02:03, 7 December 2009 (UTC)

Maybe they meant Major Democratic Candidate —Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.140.130.69 (talk) 01:16, 28 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Yes, I think you're right. And it has been corrected to reflect this.--Abie the Fish Peddler (talk) 08:13, 28 January 2010 (UTC)

Subject vs. citizen
According to British subject, Elizabeth Kucinich is likely technically a citizen, not a subject. Later on, the article states that "subject" is often used in UK legal discourse which leads me to wonder whether it's worth changing. My thoughts are it hinges somewhat on whether calling her a "British subject" is meant as an insult. matt kane's brain (talk) 19:16, 15 March 2010 (UTC)

Health care Bill
Dennis is a whore who will sell out the nation for a ride on Air Force One. I hope it was a good ride, it will cost America over a trillion dollars. I hope that you are voted out!!!!! Jim Stewart —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.223.76.195 (talk • contribs)
 * This is not what Talk pages are for. Talk page guidelines: Article talk pages should not be used by editors as platforms for their personal views on a subject. matt kane's brain (talk) 18:03, 17 March 2010 (UTC)

Currently the article has this quote "Although his voting record is not always in line with that of the Democratic Party, on March 17, 2010, after being courted by President Obama, his wife and others, reluctantly convinced him to vote with his colleagues for the Healthcare Bill without a public option component. His wife had coincidentally been offered a position to work alongside Michelle Obama on her Childhood Obesity platform.[25][26]" Making a connection (or drawing attention to the "coincidence") between these news items which are, on the face of it, unrelated, and not jointly referenced by any single source, constitutes original research. Someone who is able to edit the page should remove the second sentence. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Wpegden (talk • contribs) 19:23, 18 March 2010 (UTC)

The Honorable
Is that title standard for congressmen? I checked a few so far, and most don't have the title. I wanted to remove it but I thouhgt maybe I asked first. Likeminas (talk) 00:26, 25 May 2010 (UTC)
 * It looks like it is correct. A web search for "proper titles for congressmen" finds a lot, including this: http://www.ita.doc.gov/ita_sec/Address%20and%20Salutation.htm    Ccady (talk) 06:45, 25 May 2010 (UTC)
 * It's an appropriate form of address for written correspondence; it may also be appropriate in terms of a formal introduction. In American practice, however, "The Honorable" is not commonly used as an honorific. Given the lack of the term in most Congressional profiles, I think it should be removed here. JasonCNJ (talk) 18:29, 25 May 2010 (UTC)

 * Agreed, with Likeminas and JasonCNJ. Per consensus, it has been removed.--JayJasper (talk) 18:37, 26 May 2010 (UTC)

Citation 95 does not support text
http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d107:HR02977:@@@X does however. I can not change it, could someone else? Placeybordeaux (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 23:03, 16 July 2010 (UTC).
 * Done. Ccady (talk) 14:57, 17 July 2010 (UTC)

Gun Carrier
Kucinich does not seem to have ever "carried" a gun, but rather he kept one in his house according to the source material. I have never heard the term "carried" to refer to the keeping of a gun in a house, and it seems a little misleading. Although a minor issue, could someone please fix this to match what the source actually provides? 147.9.188.96 (talk) 18:43, 26 October 2010 (UTC)

Olive Pit Incident
Does anyone here feel the olive pit incident(Kucinich is suing the congressional cafeteria for $250,000 after biting into an olive pit the required multiple surgeries) is significant enough to mention in this article. wikipedialuva (talk) 16:28, 27 January 2011 (UTC
 * I imagine it is newsworthy, so, yes. And I read it was $150,000. http://www.cleveland.com/open/index.ssf/2011/01/public_eats_up_details_of_rep.html Ccady (talk) 01:43, 28 January 2011 (UTC)

Slight correction about 2008 Presidential primary bid
The topmost section currently says "and being the only Democratic candidate in the 2008 election to have". That should say "and being the only Democratic presidential candidate in the 2008 election to have" for clarity. There were lots of dems who voted against the Iraq invasion, just none that subsequently ran in the 2008 Democratic Presidential Primary. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.241.118.149 (talk) 03:38, 3 February 2011 (UTC)

Public Letter of Support for Bradley L. Manning
February 2, 2011

The Honorable Robert M. Gates Secretary of Defense 1400 Defense Pentagon Washington, DC 20301

Dear Secretary Gates:

This morning, The Washington Post reported that Pfc. Bradley J. Manning, the Army intelligence analyst who is accused of being the source of the WikiLeaks documents, was known by the Army to have had mental health problems even before his deployment to Iraq. "At Fort Drum, Manning balled up his fists and screamed at higher-ranking soldiers in his unit...." A "mental health specialist" recommended that he not be deployed to Iraq, "but his immediate commanders sent him anyway...."

In Iraq, evidence of his mental health problems accelerated. "[A] master sergeant who supervised Manning was so concerned about the private's mental health that he disabled Manning's weapon in December 2009...." "[I]n May 2010, Manning was demoted a rank for assaulting a fellow soldier...."

The Army ignored Private Manning's mental health problems before he was arrested for leaking the documents to WikiLeaks, and the consequences of that disinterest are now obvious. Since his arrest, the Army has reportedly treated Private Manning in a way that is almost certain to exacerbate his mental health problems.

In December 2010, Glenn Greenwald reported on the conditions of Private Manning's confinement at the Marine brig in Quantico, Virginia.

Since his arrest in May, Manning has been a model detainee, without any episodes of violence or disciplinary problems. He nonetheless was declared from the start to be a "Maximum Custody Detainee," the highest and most repressive level of military detention, which then became the basis for the series of inhumane measures imposed on him.

From the beginning of his detention, Manning has been held in intensive solitary confinement. For 23 out of 24 hours every day -- for seven straight months and counting -- he sits completely alone in his cell. Even inside his cell, his activities are heavily restricted; he's barred even from exercising and is under constant surveillance to enforce those restrictions. For reasons that appear completely punitive, he's being denied many of the most basic attributes of civilized imprisonment, including even a pillow or sheets for his bed.... For the one hour per day when he is freed from this isolation, he is barred from accessing any news or current events programs.

In sum, Manning has been subjected for many months without pause to inhumane, personality-erasing, soul-destroying, insanity-inducing conditions of isolation similar to those perfected at America's Supermax prison in Florence, Colorado: all without so much as having been convicted of anything. And as is true of many prisoners subjected to warped treatment of this sort, the brig's medical personnel now administer regular doses of anti-depressants to Manning to prevent his brain from snapping from the effects of this isolation.

On January 3, 2011, the Psychologists for Social Responsibility issued an "Open Letter" in which they protested the conditions of Private Manning's incarceration "based on the exhaustive documentation and research that have determined that solitary confinement is, at the very least, a form of cruel, unusual and inhumane treatment in violation of U.S. law." Their Open Letter quotes extensively from the findings of Dr. Craig Haney, "a psychologist and expert in the assessment of institutional environments...."

"Empirical research on solitary and supermax-like confinement has consistently and unequivocally documented the harmful consequences of living in these kinds of environments . . . Evidence of these negative psychological effects comes from personal accounts, descriptive studies, and systematic research on solitary and supermax-type confinement, conducted over a period of four decades, by researchers from several different continents who had diverse backgrounds and a wide range of professional expertise... [D]irect studies of prison isolation have documented an extremely broad range of harmful psychological reactions. These effects include increases in the following potentially damaging symptoms and problematic behaviors: negative attitudes and affect, insomnia, anxiety, panic, withdrawal, hypersensitivity, ruminations, cognitive dysfunction, hallucinations, loss of control, irritability, aggression, and rage, paranoia, hopelessness, lethargy, depression, a sense of impending emotional breakdown, self-mutilation, and suicidal ideation and behavior"

"To summarize, there is not a single published study of solitary or supermax-like confinement in which non-voluntary confinement lasting for longer than 10 days where participants were unable to terminate their isolation at will that failed to result in negative psychological effects."

Today's article states that the Army actually recognized that Private Manning had mental health problems, but deployed him to Iraq anyway. Once he was in Iraq, the Army reportedly did not adequately supervise him and allowed his mental health problems to fester. His sergeant recognized that Manning's mental health was so compromised that he took the unusual step of disabling Manning's weapon in a war zone.

Now, reports indicate that the Army has taken Pfc. Manning, a soldier with documented mental health problems, and confined him under conditions that are almost guaranteed to exacerbate his mental health problems. If true, the Army's treatment would obviously constitute "cruel and unusual punishment" in violation of the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

If these reports are true, the Army must end the extreme conditions of Private Manning's confinement, and provide him with the mental health treatment that the Army recognized he needed even before his deployment to Iraq. At the very least, the Army must explain the justification for confining someone with mental health problems under conditions that are virtually certain to exacerbate those problems and explain the danger he now presents that only these extreme conditions of confinement can avoid.

I look forward to your response.

Sincerely,

Dennis J. Kucinich Member of Congress —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.82.49.241 (talk) 00:11, 4 February 2011 (UTC)

Animal Welfare
Animal welfare isn't the same as animal rights. I would like to change the "Animal Rights" title to Animal Welfare, because that is what he is talking about in that regard. But the article is locked, why? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.231.90.67 (talk) 22:53, 3 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Welcome to Wikipedia! Leaving aside the Welfare/Rights issue, the article is locked to IP editors. I see the article is indef protected and has been since May 2009 due to excessive vandalism. So, you need to register a user name to be able to edit this article.  I strongly suggest you do so, as the simple act has many editing benefits.  Oh, don't forget to sign your posts with 4 of these ~ signs.  Again, welcome, and if you have further questions feel free to ask, including on my talk page.  (The link to there is the middle of my own signature.)   Jus  da  fax   23:06, 3 March 2011 (UTC)

 * ✅ His site actually addresses both "Animal Welfare" and "Animal Rights". Rostz (talk) 19:10, 18 April 2011 (UTC)

Redistricting
According to a Daily Show story, (approximately April 14th 2011) Kucinich's District will no longer exist due to redistricting. Any chance of adding this? WookMuff (talk) 23:01, 15 April 2011 (UTC)
 * We'd need a better source.   Will Beback    talk    23:14, 15 April 2011 (UTC)

 * His district is "widely expected" to be eliminated at this point, so it can wait until the actual redistricting. Rostz (talk) 19:05, 18 April 2011 (UTC)

Didn't Obama vote against invading Iraq as well?
The article says Mr. Kucinich was the only candidate in the 2008 election to vote against Iraq's invasion but Obama(who later won) was also opposed. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.177.123.207 (talk) 03:53, 16 April 2011 (UTC)

Obama was not a member of the U.S. Congress in 2003, when the war began. He may have been opposed to the war, but he would have been unable to vote either for or against. 69.140.70.68 (talk) 07:28, 18 April 2011 (UTC)

Kucinich criticised the Bush administration, not the Obama administration.
The article states that:

Kucinich has criticised the Obama administration for supporting the People's Mujahedin of Iran terrorist group in Iraq and other insurgent groups that have attacked the Iranian state.[96]

But the reference link 96 actually points to a letter sent by Kucinich to then president Bush on Apr 18, 2006.

So it should be:

Kucinich has criticised the Bush administration for supporting the People's Mujahedin of Iran terrorist group in Iraq and other insurgent groups that have attacked the Iranian state. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Xander N (talk • contribs) 14:36, 18 April 2011 (UTC)

✅, thanks Rostz (talk) 19:00, 18 April 2011 (UTC)

"Military intervention in Libya" section makes assertions about the War Powers Act that are in dispute
In the section with the heading "Military intervention in Libya", it states:

 * "Kucinich objected to the 2011 military intervention in Libya missile strikes and questioned whether they weren't impeachable offenses. Kucinich questioned why Democratic leaders didn’t object when President Barack Obama told them of his plan for US participation in enforcing the Libyan no-fly zone. He said Obama's action in Libya was "a grave decision that cannot be made by the president alone", and claimed that failing to first seek approval of Congress was in violation of the Constitution, despite the fact that the president has authority to do so under the war powers act.[126][127][128]"

That last clause, "despite the fact that the president has authority to do so under the war powers act" is not objective. One solution might be to strike the clause altogether.

The objective observation is that a great controversy exists regarding exactly what the War Powers Act authorizes the President to do and even if it is binding at all.

The Executive branch claims they do not need authorization from Congress for the action in Libya, yet sometimes performs as if obeying it. The March 31, 2011 House Armed Services Committee hearing "Operation Odyssey Dawn and US Military Operations in Libya " has testimony from Secretary of Defense Gates discussing the Executive Branch position. He essentially testifies that no President has obeyed it and this President does not consider it binding either, adding that NATO will be assuming command of the mission. The Legislative branch, i.e. Congress, argues that the War Powers Act is law and only the Congress, through Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution, has the power to declare war. They say the President is given authorization to engage United States Armed Forces in certain circumstances, defined explicitly in Section 2(c) of the War Powers Act, for sixty days after which he must obtain Congressional approval or withdraw forces. In the case of withdrawing forces, he is given 30 days to do so as practical for the safety of the armed forces.

The current text on Wikipedia asserts the President had the authority to commence action in Libya under the War Powers Act. Some do argue the President is authorized to engage United States Armed Forces anywhere for any reason for up to sixty days, after which he must obtain Congressional approval, but that position seems to ignore Section 2 of the War Powers Act altogether.

If you are still uncertain about the lack of objectivity in the clause "despite the fact that the president has authority to do so under the war powers act", I encourage you to search govtrack.us (or thomas.loc.gov) for bills related to Libya. Observe the variety of bills ranging from those that support the President's action, two that seek to modify the War Powers Act, bills to condemn the President's actions, to force the withdraw, and so on. Review the testimony in the House and Senate hearings and ask yourself if there is a Constitutional question here.

Given the quotes from Dennis Kucinich, I suspect he takes a strict interpretation of the whole body of text of the War Powers Act and I consider the clause "despite the fact that the president has authority to do so under the war powers act" to represent a biased opinion, as if to correct his misconceptions, and is overall lacking in the kind of objectivity I have come to expect from Wikipedia. I hope you will agree.

Thanks for listening.. Synaptic-axon (talk) 09:12, 3 June 2011 (UTC)

 * ✅ Agreed, and the citation given was simply the text of the War Powers Act, making the assertion WP:OR. Rostz (talk) 16:03, 3 June 2011 (UTC)

double
called it a "indisputable fact" that that  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.8.223.113 (talk) 09:47, 16 June 2011 (UTC)

✅ Rostz (talk) 14:49, 16 June 2011 (UTC)

US Congressman Dennis Kucinich goes on Syrian TV to support Assad's method of repression of dissent with violence
US Congressman Dennis Kucinich has gone on Syrian TV (June 29, 2011) and said, among other things:  [the Syrian TV clip can be seen at  http://www.memritv.org/clip/en/3008.htm] "From what I have seen, the [Assad] government shows a willingness to listen, and shows a desire to help the people, and to work with the people to bring about change." "The fact that you can have opposition meeting in downtown Damascus, openly. That’s important." This is probably very important, given what's going on in Syria, and given what is going on with the reaction of the international community and governments to Assad's extremely violent repression (and machine gunning) of protesters in town squares. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.190.11.179 (talk) 19:26, 30 June 2011 (UTC)

I would concur with (anonymous person) above that this Syria trip and the Syrian TV interview cited is a very important diplomacy event in Kucinich's geopolitical profile and is illustrative of his opinions and policy statements in a clear way. I think that people going to the Wikipedia entry on Kucinich should know how he characterizes the violence in Syria, and how he characterizes the relationship between the Syrian dictator Assad and the demonstrators. I went to Kucinich's own government house web site, and he characterizes what's been going on in Syria these past few months as: "The process of national dialogue which has now begun is a step in the direction of identifying necessary reforms." That someone who runs for president of the United States holds such views of Assad's machine gunning of protestors, is fairly important to know, one would think. I am no Wikipedia expert, so I defer to the veterans to come up with a wording that meets some consensus. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.121.162.101 (talk) 23:52, 30 June 2011 (UTC)

shill for Gaddafi
On the floor of the intelligence chief's office lay an envelope addressed to Gaddafi's son Saif Al-Islam. Inside, I found what appears to be a summary of a conversation between US congressman Denis Kucinich, who publicly opposed US policy on Libya, and an intermediary for the Libyan leader's son.

It details a request by the congressman for information he needed to lobby US lawmakers to suspend their support for the Libyan National Transitional Council (NTC) and to put an end to NATO airstrikes.

http://english.aljazeera.net/indepth/features/2011/08/2011831151258728747.html

As if this worthless bug of a congresman couldnt get any lower. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.16.180.16 (talk) 00:27, 1 September 2011 (UTC)

 * It's called not supporting unnecessary wars regardless of media demonizing. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 222.152.194.33 (talk) 00:13, 3 January 2012 (UTC)

 * Oh, so allowing Mass Murder is okay?--Lionheart Omega (talk) 23:01, 12 August 2012 (UTC)

Edit request: the segment on Libya is incomplete
The segment on Kucinich dealings with Libya stop with Kucinich's statement that the letter proves nothing other than that the libyans read the Washington Post. However, that's not where the story ends. Kucinich has since stated that he WAS in contact with Libyan officials, had a long telephone conversation with the Libyan prime minister, and tried to arrange a personal meeting with Libya's prime minister. --- 213.112.192.125 (talk) 08:13, 10 September 2015 (UTC)

Mayor of Cleveland
Kucinich was Mayor of Cleveland from 1977-1979 not 78-79. Someone correct that on the bottom of the page. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.233.244.102 (talk) 14:52, 15 September 2011 (UTC)

Edit request on 13 January 2012
[copy of article text removed]

 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: Please state succinctly what you want changed (change X to Y). —C.Fred (talk) 05:28, 13 January 2012 (UTC)

So did he win? or lose?
Quote: "...is the U.S. Representative for Ohio's 10th congressional district, serving since 1997."

He is? But it looks like he lost. Please clarify.

Washington Post Headline: Rep. Dennis Kucinich suffers primary defeat in Ohio "...suffered a bruising primary defeat Tuesday as a new Republican-drawn congressional map threatened to end the career of one of the most colorful figures in Congress." "...a process that is making Congress a more sanitized, less colorful place." --69.110.90.219 (talk) 03:05, 15 August 2012 (UTC)Doug Bashford

Edit request: Clarify pronunciation for the non-IPA layman
Although IPA is pretty standard on Wikipedia, could we consider throwing in a second pronunciation key or example in this case? Kucinich's name is very easily misread, and it's doubtful that the casual Wikipedia user wants to spend hours on the rote memorization of the IPA key just to get it right. Even trying to do a side by side reference of a word / name and the IPA key still confuses me.

That said, I think something along the lines of "koo-sih-nich" would be more easily understood by the average reader. There's no reason there can't be both the IPA pronunciation plus a layman example.

Thoughts? 98.86.117.86 (talk) 22:45, 19 November 2013 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 8 January 2014
Citation 128 is dead. Here are two alternatives: http://beta.congress.gov/bill/108th/house-bill/5155 https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/108/hr5155

98.208.28.188 (talk) 04:31, 8 January 2014 (UTC)
 * Thanks. I [ replaced it] with an archived version of the page instead, because the article directly quotes it.  Little Mountain  5  06:01, 8 January 2014 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 27 April 2014
Please remove the 2008 steering committee for Dennis Kucinich's presidential campaign. It lists a bunch of names, Andy Junewicz, RFP advisor Michael Carmichael, there is no sourcing at all for this and i don't believe any of it is accurate.

This is for the wikipedia page titled Dennis Kucinich under the section 2008 Presidential Campaign.

Placed28 (talk) 04:22, 27 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format. — {{U|Technical 13}} (t • e • c) 14:02, 27 April 2014 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 30 April 2014
In the text above the Contents, I find this:

"After serving out the rest of his term, it was announced in mid-January 2013 that the former congressman ..."

I'll explain the problem and, at the end of the message you are reading, I'll have the requested change. I expect "After serving ... ," to be followed by reference to the person who served, but instead I find "it". So:

Please change "serving" to "he served".

128.63.16.20 (talk) 16:42, 30 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done A classic dangling modifier. Thanks!  Anon 126   (notify me of responses! / talk / contribs) 19:35, 30 April 2014 (UTC)

Remove and edit links
The external link to K's congressional website is dead and should be removed. The link to his former campaign site should be renamed, while he is still using the site, he does not seem to be using it to run for anything. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.6.85.209 (talk) 21:24, 7 December 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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spouses -
Resune quote - "Spouse(s)	Helen Kucinich (Divorced) Sandra Lee McCarthy (1977–1986) Elizabeth Harper (2005–present"

Married and divorced Helen Kucinich?! Marriage with Sandra Lee McCarthy also ended in divorce - as said in the text but not in the short resume. - Should be worked over. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2003:88:6D1F:F600:94A7:FC5F:A573:981E (talk) 16:27, 15 November 2016 (UTC)
 * ✅ clpo13(talk) 16:34, 15 November 2016 (UTC)

was wiretapped
Hi all! Please add: "After the revelations of Wikileaks Vault 7 Kucinich disclosed the fact that he was wiretapped in 2011 and only learned about it after the Washington Times let him listen to the surveillance tape after he had left the U.S. House." Source:
 * http://www.realclearpolitics.com/video/2017/03/10/kucinich_i_was_wiretapped_as_a_congressman_they_can_certainly_tap_a_presidential_candidate.html
 * http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2017-03-10/former-congressman-dennis-kucinich-warns-congress-cia-wiretaps-are-real-and-it-happe
 * http://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2017/03/08/dennis-kucinich-new-wikileaks-reveal-proof-are-sliding-down-slippery-slope-toward-totalitarianism.html

Thanks. --87.159.120.157 (talk) 16:48, 11 March 2017 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please establish a consensus for this alteration before using the template. My sense of it is that you need to provide a wider range of non-ideologically-based reliable sources that demonstrate that this is worthy of being noted in the article, but it's up to the community to decide.  Rivertorch   FIRE WATER   17:32, 26 March 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
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Kucinich 2018
Kucinich announced earlier today that his campaign for Ohio governor has begun. Just pointing it out. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 47.138.78.162 (talk) 04:34, 18 January 2018 (UTC)

This page is full of primary source content
I went through the whole article and removed 30,000 bytes of poorly sourced nonsense. 95% of the sources were Kucinich's own website or citations to the text of legislation (these indisputably do not belong on politicians' pages). This was then promptly re-inserted into the article by someone who had no interest in actually reading the unsuitable content that was removed. Please get rid of the crap. This Wikipedia page is not Kucinich's personal website. Snooganssnoogans (talk) 14:51, 26 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Let's AGF and cool it on the personal attacks, eh? Just starting with the lead, your edit removed seven references, none of which were to Kucinich's website and all of which were to secondary sources. As you said, you removed 30,000 bytes and justified it with a simple "poorly sourced", but that included plenty of reliable secondary sources like MSNBC, Washington Post, Politico, and US News. Those 30,000 bytes contained far more than you implied in your edit summary or mentioned here.
 * Further, primary sources are sufficient for these sorts of claims. The problem isn't the sourcing; it's weight. If they haven't been covered in reliable sources (and that's an "if"; I don't know if it's true), should they be mentioned here? This requires discussion. Boldly deleting them is a fine way to start that discussion, but please, let's have that discussion and not attack people who undo your edits. -- irn (talk) 16:08, 26 January 2018 (UTC)
 * There is nothing less controversial than removing primary sources from politicians' pages. A Wikipedia page for a politician should not be that politician's personal website. Please identify the material that you'd like to keep and which material you don't want to keep. It's impossible to get anywhere on this unless you actually put the effort into actually reading the Wikipedia page and explaining your precise problem with the content removals. This is one of the most egregious Wikipedia pages when it comes to primary source content, and you're fighting to keep it that way. Snooganssnoogans (talk) 11:27, 3 February 2018 (UTC)

 * I agree that the primary sourcing in this article is dramatically excessive. Most cites to the subject's own website, advocacy groups, etc., really should not be here. It's article bloat. If there is any particular material that folks think should be on her despite this kind of sourcing, I'm open to hearing it. Neutralitytalk 22:25, 27 January 2018 (UTC)
 * With political positions, I'm sure 95% of those could be found on secondary-sourced articles and such. MB298 (talk) 22:30, 27 January 2018 (UTC)

Way to improve
1. Move political positions into one section. They are currently duplicated and covered in at least two sections.

2. Combine the House section and congressional campaigns sections. Snooganssnoogans (talk) 20:45, 20 February 2018 (UTC)

Re-elected to the House six times?
At the moment, the article says Kucinich was re-elected six times. By my count, it's seven ('98, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010), so I'm trying to figure out where my math is wrong. Robert K S (talk) 17:22, 26 March 2018 (UTC)

Primary source content (again)
'''One editor added primary source content to this article: Kucinich's positions on monetary reform and H1B visas. The sources for this content are three dead links: a link to Kucinich's old website, a link to a dead youtube video and a link to a dead Google video.''' These are WP:PRIMARY sources and thus unacceptable. When I was new to Wikipedia, I also mistakenly added primary source content to Wikipedia pages (and I made the very same and very wrong arguments that made in the edit summary and on my talk page). Other editors at the time pointed out to me that this was wrong, just as I'm pointing it out to you guys. Not only is the content sourced to primary sources, but the links are dead and there's nothing verifiable about the content. I therefore promptly removed this content. Another editor then restored the content a few days later, arguing that "insisting on reliable secondary sources, when the subjects own words are quoted, would be seen as absurd".

Then today, one of my stalkers, AlaskanNativeRU, followed me here and indiscriminately reverted me, ludicrously citing "npov". The two other editors made good faith edits. 's behavior on the other hand constitutes WP:HARASSMENT and is absolutely shameful. Let's commence a completely pointless discussion as to whether we should include content sourced to three dead primary sources because AlaskanNativeRU is threatening to pursue sanctions against me otherwise.

We have discussed primary sources before on Kucinich-related pages: we discussed it on this page in January 2018 and earlier this month we reached a conclusion to delete the Political positions of Dennis Kucinich and to only "only merge well-sourced noteworthy content". Snooganssnoogans (talk) 01:30, 25 May 2018 (UTC)

 * Yikes I have done no such thing, check out WP:AOHA and WP:Cool. Let's have a discussion about the related topic, the edit that 2 other editors and I left in the article. You should focus on discussing that rather than hitting the 3RR limit with 3 different editors, you know this. AlaskanNativeRU (talk) 01:46, 25 May 2018 (UTC)
 * You're on thin ice. Go ahead, explain why you restored content sourced to three dead primary sources on a page that you had never edited before. Snooganssnoogans (talk) 01:48, 25 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Check out WP:NPA as well. If you see dead sources you shouldn't remove them, tag it as such and attempt to restore them. I believe the additions provide useful value that align with Wikipedia's policies. Let the other editors chime in as well. AlaskanNativeRU (talk) 01:54, 25 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Explain how content based on three dead primary sources meet Wikipedia's WP:RS and WP:DUE requirements. Simply saying "I believe the additions provide useful value that align with Wikipedia's policies" does not cut it. You followed me to this page and reverted me. Substantiate your revert. Snooganssnoogans (talk) 02:01, 25 May 2018 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 6 June 2018
Paragraph 2, sentence 2:

... "Kucinich was pit against 9th District incumbent Marcy Kaptur" ...

should read "pitted" not "pit" 154.5.178.170 (talk) 23:46, 6 June 2018 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done clpo13(talk) 23:55, 6 June 2018 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 18 July 2022
Purpose of proposed change is to include the fact that Dennis's father was a union member.

Change "His father, a truck driver, was of Croat ancestry; his Irish American mother was a homemaker."

To "His father was Croatian, worked as a truck driver and joined the Teamsters. His mother was Irish and a homemaker.

Sources:

https://www.wkyc.com/article/news/politics/elections/cleveland-mayoral-election/cleveland-mayoral-candidate-dennis-kucinich-receives-endorsement-teamsters-ohio-drive/95-27ca7a4e-3bc0-4798-9c3c-bc16d132da0e Sull1753 (talk) 02:01, 18 July 2022 (UTC)

I left the "Croat ancestry" rather than changing to "Croatian." Of the universe (talk) 16:44, 18 July 2022 (UTC)

Suggestion to add a link to external links
I was about to add a link to the external links section, but I noticed that there was a note about that there. I tried to access the dmoz.org website to add a link there as instructed, but that site is malfunctioning and I was not able to access it. So, what I suggest is to add a link to Dennis Kucinich's Substack. This is where he posts his works. I thought the link to his substack would already be in the external links section, but instead I wound up having to do some searches to locate it. There are at least a couple of external links in the list which could probably be removed and replaced by this link. I think it is important for this link to be added because before today, I did not even know that he had a substack page. I think other people would like to know about his substack page. -- Ubh [ talk... contribs... ] 07:21, 12 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dennis Kucinich