text:
Talk:CJK characters

Untitled
Character encodings and Character sets should be distinguished. -- User:219.110.58.166

Changed Chinese language experts -> experts of Chinese characters. Most of the opposition appears to be Japanese. -- User:Roadrunner

Article says: "Chinese requires between 4000 characters for a basic vocabulary to 40,000 characters for reasonably complete coverage"

Shouldn't the number of characters differ between Taiwan that uses traditional and Mainland that uses simplified, since simplified Chinese maps characters that used to be distinct to the same ones in some cases?--Tokek 04:23, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * It does, but by far not enough to make any really difference in such rough numbers. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.154.1.56 (talk • contribs)

And what about Thailand? I cannot find any information about thai character / langugage support anywhere, only CJKV.. Anybody can do an article about that? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.203.94.59 (talk) 17:12, 9 February 2012 (UTC)

There's an article about the Thai alphabet: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_alphabet

31.221.88.186 (talk) 16:35, 9 June 2015 (UTC)

I feel that there should be a mention of Sawndip for the Zhuang language. Also, I'm not too educated on the subject, but I think Hangul was created without a base in Chinese characters, so it shouldn't be listed as such, only hanja. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2605:6001:E10D:B300:D57B:12E9:E541:C60 (talk) 02:03, 21 August 2016 (UTC)

Exclusion of Vietnamese
naming aside, I am not clear on what justification @DelusionalThomaz515610 has in scrubbing Vietnamese content from this article. Remsense  留  21:52, 27 December 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:CJK characters


text:
Talk:Royal Gorge

Early article comments
Some things I haven't figured out: I can't find a name Pike gave the Gorge on the 1806 expedition, and I can't find who originally named it the "Grand Canyon of the Arkansas", or why or when the name was changed to "Royal Gorge". It's obviously 19th century, since the accompanying photo uses both names, but I'm not sure what the full story is. -- ESP 04:51 22 Jul 2003 (UTC)

--Bwefler 22:29, 28 July 2006 (UTC)
 * I'm looking for some answers, but check out these links:
 *
 *
 *

 * Also refer to --Bwefler 22:36, 28 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Bits of Travel at Home (1878) by Helen Hunt Jackson . --Bwefler 22:41, 28 July 2006 (UTC)

See Names section below. Mcljlm (talk) 23:35, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

On the Bridge
Standing on the bridge is an exciting experiance. It will never rock from side to side always up and down

The Train Ride
This slow going train ride is exciting. But what on earth is the point. Slowly there and slowly back. The view of the bridge is awsome. But still JORDAN R.

The Royal Gorge Route Railroad is Colorado's oldest scenic train line. It covers some of the most breathtaking scenery in Colorado as it takes passengers through the Royal Gorge. If the Bridge is being considered to be merged into the Royal Gorge page, the Royal Gorge Route should be included as well as it is a major destination attraction in the Royal Gorge region of Colorado. Mark G. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Royalgorge (talk • contribs) 19:52, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

The Park
You only have to bring 2 things money and your camera. A carousal is ok. And the lunch is fine. You can travel across the tram across the gorge. Or on the train that goes up and down the wall.

Go Fast Games
Someone should point out that these have been controversial ever since one sky jumper died during a stunt when he hit the bridge at 90 mph.

Rafting Outfitters
It would be nice to list some outfitters on here as information for the public. It would emphasize the fact that those interested in rafting the gorge should do so under qualified direction of a licensed outfitter.
 * Whitewater Rafting in Colorado
 * Some text about rafting is okay, and the class of waters, entry/exit points, etc. But has to be encyclopedic, not listing rafting companies... not a tourism page.LanceBarber (talk) 08:13, 4 March 2008 (UTC)

Major overhaul is in progress
I am attempting a major overhaul of this article. I've replaced some images, added some new ones, created sections, and added a few references. My ultimate goal is to see this article attain Featured status. Any help would be greatly appreciated. S. Dean Jameson 03:00, 24 July 2008 (UTC)

 * I would hope that as more text is added, Image:D&RGW RR Train 1.jpg could be restored to this article without overstacking images. As a railroad timetable illustrating a train going thru the Royal Gorge, it adds to the article's discussion of the D&RGW railroad line there. Besides, the image you replaced it with, Image:Royal Gorge Bridge.jpg, isn't all that good, IMO: its focus on the bridge doesn't even show the river and lacks perspective.  JGHowes talk  -  15:01, 25 July 2008 (UTC)

Merge proposal
I suggest merging this article with royal gorge bridge, would you disagree?

Cunikm (talk) 12:55, 14 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Disagree. The bridge and park exist because of the gorge. The gorge is a geologic feature and should have its own article. - ¢Spender1983 (talk) 20:50, 14 June 2009 (UTC)

That is why I would suggest merging royal gorge bridge into this article. Look there already is section "modern history" which in fact does not really differ from royal gorge bridge article. Cunikm (talk) 14:45, 15 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Disagree. The Royal Gorge is a geological feature. The Royal Gorge bridge is a commercial operation. The Base Jumping they promote has been disastrous with death and injury over the years with Go Fast engergy drinks - User:royalgorge 15:43, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Disagree. Two distinct items.  One is a bridge.  The other is a geographical feature. The concept is like merging the Brooklyn Bridge with New York. KyuuA4 (Talk:キュウ) 05:23, 27 July 2009 (UTC)

 * Keep separate. For the reasons above (however the analogy for the Brooklyn Bridge is the East River). ☑ Sam uelWantman  05:50, 21 October 2009 (UTC)

Dimensions of the Gorge
The listed dimensions of the gorge are rather misleading in some cases and implausible in others. First, with regard to the depth of the gorge: Yes, the gorge is 1250 feet deep in spots, though at its most-visited location (the bridge) it's less than 1000 feet deep. (The bridge itself is 955 feet above the river.) At the point where it's 1250 feet deep, though, the gorge is about half a mile wide. Where did the (uncited) figure of 300 feet wide come from? The bridge itself, which stands pretty much at the narrowest part of the gorge, has a main span of 880 feet.

Lastly, wouldn't it make more sense to describe the canyon as running east-southeast toward Canon City rather than west-southwest away from Canon City? After all, the water in the river is running east-southeast.

206.208.104.20 (talk) 19:13, 14 June 2017 (UTC)

Names
Perhaps something about its names, based on "Pike ... recorded in his journal that his expedition had found the “Grand Canyon of the Arkansas River” ..." and "originally known as the Grand Canyon of the Arkansas River, but in 1847 local newspaperman Henry Ripley began calling the canyon the Royal Gorge in print" should be added. Mcljlm (talk) 23:33, 10 June 2018 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Royal Gorge


text:
Talk:VDSL

Early comments
Nebula company is linked to a wrong article

—Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.181.209.142 (talk) 17:17, 8 May 2008 (UTC)

Currently Qwest is offering both internet and television services over VDSL in the following markets:

* Denver, CO   * Phoenix, AZ

Can the text "No fair-use policy" be changed ? It suggests some kind of lack of fairness, which is misleading. This is used in the description of the provider T-2.

I currently live in Tokyo and NTT now has 100 Mbps VDSL/FTTH. I have it in my apartment, and watched the technician perform several speed tests where it was clocking an average of over 70 Mbps.

I changed the Q2 2006 to Q2 2007 in Netherlands, because Q2 2006 is in the past.

I Added my vdsl technology and company news blog because i work in xDSL sector, i daily follow news abot vdsl and collect news of them in my blog —Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.105.85.252 (talk) 13:42, 8 November 2007 (UTC)

OFDM system comparison table
Feel free to add a VDSL column to the OFDM. Mange01 12:19, 17 July 2007 (UTC)

Verizon FiOS Reference in US
"Verizon offers it's FiOS service in some metropolitan areas at speed of around 30Mbit or higher, depending on line quality. The Verizon service is based on FTTN, Fiber to the Node."

First, FiOS is true FTTP, not FTTN. Second, except for a few multi dwelling units, Verizon uses standard CAT5e ethernet or coax using MoCA to deliver data from the ONT, at a rate up to 50 Mbps is some areas.

I have cleaned up the Verizon reference, and specified that VDSL is only used in MDU situations. Toddyboy711 15:08, 28 October 2007 (UTC)

Openreach UK Service
Reading the paragraph about openreach services it appears to imply the 80/20Mbps service is VDSL while strictly it's VDSL2 (I have it myself and can confirm this), certainly this should be obvious to someone who read and took in the rest of the article as it is specified that VDSL only supports speeds of 55Mbps downstream just seems to me there is no guarantee of that and it's quite possible someone could visit this page specifically to look at the deployments say to see who might provide such services. Granted it's possibly hair splitting a bit and am not sure if it was written that way for the sake of simplicity and brevity so not inclined to just go rewrite it without checking. MttJocy (talk) 09:50, 5 November 2012 (UTC)

Removal of "Supply"
Anyone agreeing with me on the removal of the "Supply"-section. I find it superflous, not adding anything interesting to the article. If anyone do have intricate knowledge of the technology, there should be added more technical information. --94.139.69.2 (talk) 07:49, 4 October 2010 (UTC)
 * Yes, it does seem dated and unevenly sourced. My guess is the "currently" sometimes means 2006 for example. The problem is that then there would be not much left! If it is going to evolve into a description of the technology itself, then I would suggest a merge of G.993.1 as a first step. I do see G.993.2, for example just redirects to the more common name. One encyclopedic sourced article would make more sense in my opinion. Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line 2 Plus goes the other way, which seems odd, but is still one article for both common name and standard number. W Nowicki (talk) 17:42, 28 August 2011 (UTC)

Turkey listed in Europe, not in Asia?!
Why is Turkey listed in the list for Europe (in the "Deployment" section) and not in the list for Asia when about 95% of it is in Asia?! --Лъчезар ☭ 共产主义万岁 ★ 08:21, 11 January 2013 (UTC)

 * Because when you have a city in Europe continent, you become Europe country. That is something Russia trying to have, ASAP. --46.1.243.142 (talk) 19:56, 16 August 2016 (UTC)

Ranges and Cable Types
In the introduction, it stated that for VDSL2 "The maximum available bit rate is achieved at a range of about 300 meters" and for VDSL it stated the maximum bit rates for twisted pair copper wires and coaxial cable.

Can the VDSL2 bit rates be included for each cable type and the ranges at these maximum rates can be achieved for both VDSL and VDSL2 and for all cable types?

Kit105 (talk) 06:08, 4 May 2013 (UTC)

Splitting of deployment section
In this article, the section dedicated to the deployment list greatly outweighs the rest of the article. Isn't it better to split it and create a dedicated page, as per WP:SPLIT? Juma93 (talk) 18:12, 9 August 2014 (UTC)

 * Support This list also covers many VDSL2 deployments, even though the main article only covers VDSL. Conquerist (talk) 22:46, 9 August 2014 (UTC)

 * The deployment sections of both the VDSL and the VDSL2 articles are now moved to VDSL and VDSL2 Deployment. For now, the two former lists still exist separately, but on the same page, so there is still a large amount of duplication. It doesn't help, that in many markets VDSL2 is marketed as VDSL. Conquerist (talk) 11:55, 25 January 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:VDSL


text:
Foundation Kit

The Foundation Kit, or just Foundation for short, is an Objective-C framework in the OpenStep specification described by NeXT Computer, Inc.. It provides basic classes such as wrapper classes and data structure classes. This framework uses the prefix NS (for NeXTSTEP ). It is also part of Cocoa and of the Swift standard library.

NSObject
This class is the most common base class for Objective-C hierarchies and provides standard methods for working with objects by managing the memory associated with them and querying them.

NSString and NSMutableString
A class used for string manipulation, representing a Unicode string (most typically using UTF-16 as its internal format). NSString is immutable, and thus can only be initialized but not modified. NSMutableString is a modifiable version.

NSValue and NSNumber
NSValue is a wrapper class for C data types, and NSNumber is a wrapper class for C number data types such as int, double, and float. The data structures in Foundation Kit can only hold objects, not primitive types, so wrappers such as NSValue and NSNumber are used in those data structures.

NSArray and NSMutableArray
A dynamic array of objects, supporting constant-time indexing. NSArray is an immutable version that can only be initialized with objects but not modified. NSMutableArray may be modified by adding and removing objects.

NSDictionary and NSMutableDictionary
An associative data container of key-value pairs with unique keys. Searching and element addition and removal (in the case of NSMutableDictionary) is faster-than-linear. However, the order of the elements within the container is not guaranteed.

NSSet and NSMutableSet
An associative container of unique keys, similar to NSDictionary, with the difference that members do not contain a data object.

NSData and NSMutableData
A wrapper for raw byte data. An object of this type can dynamically allocate and manage its data, or it can refer to data owned by and managed by something else (such as a static numeric array).

NSDate, NSTimeZone and NSCalendar
Classes that store times and dates and represent calendrical information. They offer methods for calculating date and time differences. Together with NSLocale, they provide methods for displaying dates and times in many formats, and for adjusting times and dates based on location in the world.

macOS and iOS
The Foundation Kit is part of the macOS Cocoa API. Beginning as the successor to OPENSTEP/Mach, this framework has deviated from OpenStep compliance, and is in some places incompatible. The Foundation Kit is in the iOS Cocoa Touch API. This framework is based on the macOS Cocoa.

GNUstep
The Foundation Kit is implemented in GNUstep's Base Package (libs-base). This implementation is mostly comparable (4 classes are missing) and aims to be comparable with both the OpenStep API and later macOS additions. The missing classes have been dropped by Apple as well.

Cocotron
The Foundation Kit is implemented in Cocotron, an open-source implementation of Cocoa. It is also a part of Darling.

PureFoundation
PureFoundation is an open-source implementation of Foundation that implements Foundation by wrapping Core Foundation, just like in Cocoa, rather than create a separate Foundation from scratch like GNUstep and Cocotron.

SwiftFoundation
SwiftFoundation (swift-corelibs-foundation) is Apple's open-source Swift implementation of the Foundation API for platforms where there is no Objective-C runtime. It also includes an implementation of Core Foundation.

ApportableFoundation
ApportableFoundation is an implementation of Foundation Kit (Foundation, CoreFoundation, and CFNetwork) based on Apple's CFLite release. It works on Android and other Linux systems, and makes up part of the Darling macOS translation layer for Linux.

title: Foundation Kit


text:
Talk:China Airlines

Bad Picture Placement
Why is there a picture of the 737-800 on fire on the incidents section? There is not one airline article that I know of with a picture displaying diabled aircraft. If i knew how to do it myself, I would remove it. If somoene cal help with this please assist. The title of the aircraft incident is not even displayed correctly. I'll try to fix that in a moment. The picture is in the article "China Airlines Flight 120" where it should be. -KC —Preceding unsigned comment added by Kcuello (talk • contribs) 03:34, 31 August 2007 (UTC)

Picture has been removed. Pictures of crashed aircraft within the main article of an airline is inconsistent with all other airline articles. Picture remains however in subarticle of wreck. Kcuello (talk) 17:40, 11 March 2008 (UTC)

Mainland Flights
I'm not sure that any of this is true. China Airlines has never flown flights into Mainland China, and the PRC-Taiwan dispute has never impacted the airline.

 * China Airlines has had to battle the Republic of China on Taiwan's shaky relationship with the People's Republic of China on mainland China since its beginning. At times, ironically, it has not even been allowed to fly into parts of the country after which the airline is named. Despite this, the carrier has remained profitable.

 * I know, it's horrible, they should really stop stealing China's good name and call it Taiwan Airline or something similarly appropriate. Beside, unless they want to reunify, they are not part of China.  24.89.245.62 03:07, 1 November 2007 (UTC)

--RR

Why else would it not fly into mainland China if it weren't for the political dispute? --Jiang

In the 1960's, basically no one except the Russians was flying international flights into Mainland China. The possibility of flying into the PRC really wasn't an option for China Airlines until the late 1970's even if it wasn't based in Taiwan. --Roadrunner

 * But at the present moment, there are no scheduled flights into the mainland. The fact that this news article exists may mean something: http://www.china.org.cn/english/travel/59892.htm. We know for a fact that direct flights are not allowed, but the question is whether they're allowed to fly into their airspace, etc.

 * Actually, China airlines did fly to Shanghai recently: http://www.travelbiz.com.au/articles/0a/0c013b0a.asp {dead link}

 * --Jiang 05:33 22 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * https://www.theguardian.com/business/2003/jan/27/theairlineindustry.china 78.150.137.87 (talk) 20:43, 18 June 2016 (UTC)

Does China Airlines currently fly into mainland airspace? I would like to believe that statement is true. What do you mean "PRC-Taiwan dispute has never impacted the airline"? Why else would there be no flights into mainland China, at the present moment? --Jiang

 * I consider that PRC-Taiwan dispute has impacted the airline a lot. As the article says, The ROC flags on its airplanes have been replaced by blossoms. The article also suggests some service to Communist China as well. Due to frequent accidents, I have heard of these opinions: to boycott China Airlines but not well organized, to privatize the operation, or even to dismantle the Airlines.--Jusjih 04:37, 9 February 2006 (UTC)

Why are Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou listed as destinations? Davidreid 10:29, 22 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Those are seasonal destinations, as in Lunar New Year season schedules charters. --butterfly0fdoom 01:42, 29 September 2006 (UTC)

Just Like Heaven
How come when you Search for Just Like Heaven it redirects to China Airlines? I do not think they have anything to do with each other. Someone should fix it if I am correct.

To anyone want to update this page

 * China Airlines doesn't have the domestic flights in Taiwan, flights to Osaka, Paris, Busan, and London. Please check http://www.china-airlines.com/en/about/about.htm before update it.
 * China Airlines is not a state-owned corporation of ROC nominally. It belongs to China Aviation Development Foundation (中華航空事業發展基金會-航發會). If it's a state-owned company, the chairman has to report the status of the company in the Legislative Yaun (the parliament in ROC). The chairman of CAL doesn't have to do that. It's a prviate company nominally.

Why does the writer uses the word "Republic of China" repeatedly?
This is ridiculous, we all know that talking in this fashion will only confuse people: People no longer called Taiwan, "Republic of China", that name ended its legitimacy once the communist party took over mainland China in 1949 and created "The People's Republic of China". The name is outdated and is not recognized internationally, besides, people avoided calling it like that because of political issues involved. Not sure what the author's intention is, but we should simply refer to it as "Taiwan" or "Chinese Taipei". -- unknown — Preceding unsigned comment added by Avcomth (talk • contribs)

 * Please leave politics out of Wikipedia. -- Kschang77 08:50, 11 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Taiwan is the common word for the "Republic of China". It has nothing to do with politics.  Indeed why use 17 letters to identify a country when you could use six letters, unless you want to express a political point? 22:50, 31 August 2007 (UTC)  —Preceding unsigned comment added by Kransky (talk • contribs)

 * Now that's political. Taiwan is NOT a country.  24.89.245.62 03:08, 1 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Regardless of what you think, the Chinese Civil War technically isn't over, and, regardless of how either side wants to perceive things, "China" is a land mass controlled by the PRC, and "Taiwan" is an island controlled by the ROC. Thus, any geographic references would use "China" and "Taiwan" while any political references would use "People's Republic of China" and "Republic of China". Butterfly0fdoom 19:29, 6 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Actually in terms of the land masses it is "Mainland China" and "Taiwan" - Using only "China" and "Taiwan" can introduce POV and isn't specific enough. Using Mainland China and Taiwan makes it clear. WhisperToMe (talk) 17:27, 12 February 2010 (UTC)

 * Mr Unknown, your assumptions couldn't be further from the truth. The Republic of China held China's UN seat until the 70s. The ROC has never ceased to be China in legal terms. The wrong common usage ingrained in your brain is just proof how Western media is trying to push a faulty narrative. --2001:16B8:3121:2500:E910:D27D:32D9:5AA7 (talk) 18:30, 15 April 2020 (UTC)

Any truth that PRC actually tried suing for the name "China Airline"?
I remember hearing a rumor a while back that PRC actually tried to sue China Airline out of their name, and only established "Air China" after their attempt failed. Any one know if there's any truth to this? -- Kschang77 08:54, 11 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I can only say I never heard of this.--H.T. Chien / 眼鏡虎 (Discuss|Contributions) 19:15, 13 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Clearly, if you hear it on the internet, it MUST be true. 24.89.245.62 03:12, 1 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Air China Is one of six airlines that diverged from Civil Aviation Administration of China, in 1989. Shencypeter (talk) 12:30, 17 April 2020 (UTC)

Fleet information
Before changing the fleet information numbers for the 747s, check China Airline's website (http://www.china-airlines.com/en/check/service-4-04.htm). The provided URL also includes the tail numbers. --butterfly0fdoom 2006-12-25 T 16:50 UTC

Furthermore, until Boeing and/or China Airlines release a statement regarding a 747-8i order, do not put any indication of the 748i in the fleet table thing. butterfly0fdoom 2006-12-25 T 18:59 UTC

And, once again, do not make any edits in the article regarding China Airlines buying any airplanes until China Airlines themselves announce it. The Taiwanese media apparently has a tendency to publish speculation as fact. butterfly0fdoom Wednesday, 2007-08-01T19:45UTC

Air Algerie ?
Do China Airlines have code-share agreement with Air Algerie? I can't remember if I have heard that?Tsungyenlee (converse)、(Contribs) 16:17, 25 August 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as start, and the rating on other projects was brought up to start class. BetacommandBot 15:24, 29 August 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Ninoy assassination.jpg
Image:Ninoy assassination.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 23:16, 6 November 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Ninoy assassination.jpg
Image:Ninoy assassination.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot 18:57, 13 November 2007 (UTC)

Incidents and Accidents censoring
An anon IP address has been repeatedly censoring the Incidents and Accidents section. (See diff). Last week, a China Airlines flight struck turbulence while landing at Bali. 30 passengers injured, some in critical condition, but no deaths. Incidents like this are part of an airline's history, like it or not. There's no point censoring information like this from the article.-- Lester  01:33, 23 September 2008 (UTC)

-A.L. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 118.171.13.43 (talk) 11:57, 29 September 2008 (UTC)
 * I think that it's correct to do so. It is unfair how this airline specifically has been working hard to improve their records, and how people keep on emphasizing tiny everyday details. These scenerios have happened to multiple other airlines, but they are never listed out one by one on Wiki. So, I agree that only serious accidents should me put up for fairness issues.

RESPONSE TO ALLEGED ACCIDENT AND INCIDENT CENSORING

It is me that is modifying the Incidents and Accidents section. I am NOT censoring. I am trying to make things equal on Wikipedia. On a daily basis, many accidents and incidents occur to various airlines, that are not documented on Wikipedia. The person above, has captured my complete sentiments. I think that China Airlines is being unfairly targeted.

If you visit http://www.avherald.com/ and compare the accidents and incidents for Air Canada, British Airways, Cathay Pacific, Emirates, Singapore Airlines, United Airlines, ETC, to see if they have corresponding Wikipedia updates. They do NOT have ALL accidents and incidents listed. Last I checked, there are hundreds of accidents and incidents that are not listed in Wikipedia, especially not on a line-by-line basis.

I have also noted that this company's main competitor, EVA Air, does not have its accidents and incidents listed as detailed:

 * 1.) 13 Jan 2008 1245L EVA Air MD90 Flight BR266 Cambodia with a pressurization failure due to open door (See http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0UBT/is_/ai_n24269636). This was not reported on Wikipedia for EVA. But China Airlines has an entry for a similar pressurization failure listed in its section.

 * 2.) 20 NOV 2001 EVA Air MD-11 Flight BR316 Brisbane with a nose gear failure due to a hard landing. (See http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20011120-0). This was not reported on Wikipedia for EVA. But China Airlines has entries for incidents that that were far less serious.

 * 3.) 19 MAR 2006 EVA Air had to deal with an unruly passenger. (http://publishing.yudu.com/Aosc/asiap06vol12issue2/resources/6.htm).  This was not noted on Wikipedia for EVA. But China Airlines has an entry for unruly passengers.  Can you imagine if each unruly passenger incident were mentioned for all the US airlines on Wikipedia?

 * 4.) 16 NOV 2005 MD-11 cargo plane takes off on taxiway instead of runway at Anchorage (http://aviation-safety.net/news/news.php?var=200511%25). This was not reported on Wikipedia for EVA. But China Airlines has a wikipedia entry for a similar takeoff from taxiway from the exact same airport.

Here are some of the Accidents and Incidents that I wonder, why they were inserted in the first place:

 * A.) 1983 August 21, Philippine Senator Benigno Aquino, Jr. while disembarking from Flight 811 a regularly scheduled flight from Taipei to Manila, was assassinated by several aviation security men on the tarmac of the Manila International Airport.

- How is this China Airline's fault? In addition, it was on the apron, away from the aircraft. This has no bearing on China Airlines. So why are we pointing this out as China Airlines' problem?

 * B.) 1985 February 19, Flight 006, a Boeing 747SP, went out of control, recovered, and made an emergency landing at San Francisco.

- Aircraft lose control, due to many reasons: Pilot error, hydraulics failure, electrical failure, etc. Nobody reports those incidents on Wikipedia, where no deaths have occurred. So why are we pointing this out in China Airlines?

 * C.) 2002, Flight 11, an Airbus A340, departed Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport, Anchorage, Alaska at night from taxiway Kilo instead of runway 32. The aircraft was not damaged, and no-one was injured.

- Once again, nobody was killed or injured. And this sort of thing, unfortunately happens everywhere else, but is not reported. So why only China Airlines?

 * D.) 2006 July 19, Flight 1682 traveling from Ho Chi Minh City to Taipei, had to make an emergency landing at Kaohsiung International Airport after a Vietnamese-American couple, who were reportedly drunk, attacked flight attendants. The husband broke the inner windowpane in the plane's cabin with his elbow. The noise caused a commotion on the plane, and two Taiwanese attendants who were fluent in Vietnamese tried to calm him down. However, he took a swing at one of the attendants. A male flight attendant was summoned to restrain the heavily built man, while the pilots asked for permission to make an emergency landing, claiming that the plane had been hijacked. The plane landed successfully without incident, and continued to Taipei.

- Why is this relevant? Can you imagine if each unruly passenger incident were mentioned for all the US airlines on Wikipedia? Why are we singling out China Airlines?

 * E.) 2007 June 27, China Airlines Flight AE845, an A330-300, bound from Kaoshiung to Hong Kong experienced a 'flameout' in both engines. The plane landed safely after avionics restarted the engines automatically. Neither the aircraft's crew nor the passengers were fully aware of the flameout.

- Once again, flameout incidents that do not involve crashes, are not reported on in Wikipedia. So why are we specifically reporting it for China Airlines?

 * F.)2007 December 8, a door on Flight 008 to Los Angeles had loud wind sounds shooting through the door cracks while climbing at 1000 feet, prompting a return to Taipei. An investigation into the matter found that the door had not been closed properly by catering staff.

- Again, door pressurization issues happen frequently (unfortunately), and they are not reported on Wikipedia. So why are we singling out China Airlines for it?

 * G.) 2008 September 20, 13 people were injured, many with broken bones, after a China Airlines Boeing 747-400 en route from Taipei struck severe turbulence during its approach into Bali.

- Here we go again. Severe turbulence happens frequently (unfortunately), and they are not reported on Wikipedia. So why are we still singling out China Airlines for it?

 * It is unfair to single out a particular airline and report ALL accidents and incidents on a line-by-line basis, especially when Wikipedia entries for other airlines do not report ALL accidents and incidents. To do so, would imply a smear campaign against this company. So I should ask you, in the interest of equality, if you are going to do this against China Airlines, are you going to do it for all the other airlines to?  And if not, why are you so insistent against China Airlines? Have they wronged you in some way that you must smear them? That's my two cents. KCL  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.137.215.234 (talk) 00:10, 30 September 2008 (UTC)

 * I agree with the above comments, that China Airlines is being unfairly targeted. The accidents and incidents section is definitely not in line with the rest of wikipedia airliner pages. There are airlines with way more incidents that aren't reported (especially larger airlines). My vote is to clean it up, and make it more fair. ~syu —Preceding unsigned comment added by 118.170.88.247 (talk) 02:49, 2 November 2008 (UTC)

 * The sample template from WikiProject_Airlines might be of help in deciding which should be kept or deleted. Also, it will be great if the IP editors created their own accounts if you do not already have one to facilitate easier discussion on improving the article. Planenut  (Talk)  03:10, 2 November 2008 (UTC)

**Accidents or incidents should only be included if:
 * The event was fatal to either aircraft occupants or persons on the ground;
 * The event involved hull loss or serious damage to the aircraft or airport;
 * The event resulted in changes to procedures, regulations or processes affecting airports, airlines or the aircraft industry.

 * I quite disagree with the removal. You should think the opposite way. Instead of removing article (since you consider people are unfair to CAL) you are free to report incidents onto other airline pages and help the encyclopaedia coverage expand. Trying to compare incidents rate between Taiwanese airliners is even more ridiculous. Some accidents you removed because there were no injuries do not follow WikiProject_Airlines - Aircraft lose control, due to many reasons: Pilot error. This was actually a major incident please remember that the aircraft was partially destroyed and needed serious reparation (over 10193 hours on airframe) see http://www.747sp.com/History.asp?22805 . This incident should be kept according to WikiProject_Airlines  - Once again, flameout incidents that do not involve crashes are not reported on in Wikipedia.  So why are we specifically reporting it for China Airlines? Maybe because BOTH engine flameout on a dual engine aircraft are dangerous and absolutely not common? The fact the pilot doesn’t even notice the flameouts isn't important? It is critical to safety. Remember this resulted in airbus informing engine manufacturers of potential defect leading GE to investigate on CF6-80 engines and modyfying its engines design and therefore should appear according to WikiProject_Airlines.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 212.234.33.50 (talk) 16:44, 25 March 2009 (UTC)

Fleet Table
An IP user made some major reorganisation of the fleet table which included the schedules and labelling travel classes as F/J/C/Y instead of naming them. If there are no objections, I will revert the table to a more standard profile. Planenut (Talk)  10:55, 3 November 2008 (UTC)

 * Agree - the cabin sections seems a bit over the top as well! MilborneOne (talk) 21:25, 5 November 2008 (UTC)

 Hey sorry I don't know How to edit Wikipedia, but I would like to inform everyone that the Charter Boeing 737-800 has been sold and is no longer in the China Airlines or Mandarin Airlines Fleet!  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 118.171.187.167 (talk) 14:38, 2 June 2009 (UTC)

Why it is called China Airlines?
China Airlines is based in Taiwan, not in mainland China. I think the name "China" sounds confusing. I think the airline should be renamed from China Airlines into Taiwan Airlines. --JJ98 (talk) 19:05, 2 August 2010 (UTC)

 * Probably because it is the flag carrier of the Republic of China. MilborneOne (talk) 19:12, 2 August 2010 (UTC)

 * Right, Republic of China is Taiwan, correct? --JJ98 (talk) 20:44, 2 August 2010 (UTC)

 * Taiwan is an island the Republic of China is a country you just need to read the relevant articles as it has nothing really to do with the the article or the airline. MilborneOne (talk) 21:08, 2 August 2010 (UTC)
 * Sadly we no longer have these separate articles. Jeremy (talk) 09:18, 15 April 2012 (UTC)
 * This is not something we really need to discuss. You can ask the airline/company/government why it's named that. -Multivariable (talk) 21:52, 2 August 2010 (UTC)

 * JJ98, unfortunately you got many things wrong. The Republic of China is not Taiwan! Here is a very simple and factual explanation: Taiwan is an island. The government in control of this island is the Republic of China. The Republic of China also controls parts of Fujian province, which is mostly administered by the People's Republic. There is no country officially called Taiwan. This state has yet to be declared, which would resume the Chinese Civil War. However, people have pushed Wikipedia to name the article on the Republic of China "Taiwan". Due to Wikipedia's influence and people's ignorance of the legal status, most people think there is a country called Taiwan. Wikipedia is now indeed in a very awkward situation that there is a company called China Airlines, which doesn't conform Wikipedia's naming policy for the respective countries. However, it doesn't contradict anything factually. Taiwan is still some sort of China. Your confusions arise from the wrong common usage, which is also Wikipedia's fault. In order to change the company's name, I would kindly ask you to send an inquiry to the company. --2001:16B8:3121:2500:E910:D27D:32D9:5AA7 (talk) 19:05, 15 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Just a point of order, if a Taiwan independent of the ROC were recognized and then a war happened it would no longer be a civil war but just a regular old war. The civil war was between the KMT and the CCP not China and Taiwan or the PRC and ROC (remember the PRC isn't even established until the end of the civil war). The rest of your argument is just as absurd, see . Horse Eye Jack (talk) 14:08, 16 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Your point of view seems very biased. The brand that you can read on their planes is "China Airlines", full stop. It's a private company so this company is free to choose another brand name (or not). Taïwan name versus China name is other political problem. The article states there might be a confusion with Air China, not to mention
 * China Eastern Airlines
 * China Southern Airlines
 * China Yunnan Airlines... --Bouzinac (talk) 21:28, 15 April 2020 (UTC)

 * Way beyond the scope of discussion, but for keeps sake. you must make a distinction between Republic of China and Peoples Republic of China which are two distinct government entities in control or claiming to have control over the territory Taiwan. As such we have had different outcome regarding the handling of the pandemic. We have a Chunghwa Telecom which is the Romanized spelling of Republic of China Telecom. In Fact, the Romanized name of China Airlines is also Chunghwa Airlines, but they did not register the corporation as such. Shencypeter (talk) 13:38, 16 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Which is a good reminder that on english wikipedia we generally call a company what it calls itself in english rather than get involved in adjudicating what are at their heart irrational nationalistic conflicts. Horse Eye Jack (talk) 14:08, 16 April 2020 (UTC)

 * A wonder : means what, exactly translated into English? "China aviation"? or really "China airlines"? --Bouzinac (talk) 14:30, 16 April 2020 (UTC)
 * See Zhonghua and on Wiktionary. But the poor translation is not really relevant to what the corporation calls itself. Caradhras Aiguo ( leave language ) 19:39, 16 April 2020 (UTC)
 * My wonder wasn't about China but 航空. I don't speak chinese but shouldn't it be "" ? Bouzinac (talk) 20:00, 16 April 2020 (UTC)

 * We don't have an English Airline, now do we? There's even a disambiguation hat note in Air China. This thread should stop here, this is a discussion for Quora! Shencypeter (talk) 12:34, 17 April 2020 (UTC)

Press release in Japanese about Osaka-JFK flight
http://www.kiac.co.jp/news/2010/1245/CIshuko.pdf WhisperToMe (talk) 01:35, 19 January 2011 (UTC)

747 Fleet Table figures
Hi,

In the total field for the 747 there are some figures like this

9 -> 0 0 -> 6 0 -> 3

Why is it like this? Can it be changed so it just displays with a single figure?

thanks

--Boeing747-412 (talk) 22:18, 6 May 2011 (UTC)

Boeing LCFs
Why did Boeing take two 747's and in return give 4 new 747s? That doesn't sound right. Why would Boeing want two old 747-400s when they could have 2 NEW ones? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 90.206.27.56 (talk) 19:15, 10 December 2011 (UTC)

Requested moves

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: not moved. It's snowing here. (non-admin closure) Jenks24 (talk) 11:24, 15 April 2012 (UTC)

– The recent decision was to relocate to Taiwan because no one understands it. It's confusing. Most readers will assume from such titles that they are about China. To apply the same principle and for consistency, all these titles should also be changed. 202.64.189.90 (talk) 16:57, 14 April 2012 (UTC) 202.64.189.90 (talk) 16:57, 14 April 2012 (UTC)
 * China Airlines → Taiwan Airlines
 * China Times → China Times (Taiwan)
 * China Engraving and Printing Works → Taiwan Engraving and Printing Works
 * China Television → China Television (Taiwan)
 * The China Post → The Taiwan Post
 * Chinese Television System → Taiwanese Television System
 * China Life → Taiwan Life
 * China Motor Corporation → Taiwan Motor Corporation
 * China Steel → Taiwan Steel
 * Chinatrust Financial Holding Company → Taiwantrust Financial Holding Company
 * Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research → Taiwan Institution for Economic Research
 * Chinese National Federation of Industries → Taiwanese National Federation of Industries
 * Chinese Professional Baseball League → Taiwanese Professional Baseball League
 * Chinese Basketball Alliance → Taiwanese Basketball Alliance
 * Chunghwa Post → Taiwan Post

 * Do not disrupt Wikipedia to illustrate a point —Tamfang (talk) 17:27, 14 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Oppose all -- In each case the name is that actually used by the entity. However, the nom's objective might be achieved by adding the disambiguator "(Taiwan)" in most cases.  This will presumably not be necessary for those items where China/Chinese is not part of the title: {China Airlines (Taiwan)]];  China Times (Taiwan), etc.  It is not appropriate for WP to give companies or institutions names that they do not in fact use.  Peterkingiron (talk) 17:33, 14 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Oppose see no reason to move correctly named article to a made up name, doesnt need disambiguation as it is the primary user of the term. Proposer rationale as flawed as the airline has never been called the Republic of China Airlines. Other unrelated move requests should be made on the appropriate pages not here. MilborneOne (talk) 18:10, 14 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Oppose That's the official name, why need to change? Asiaworldcity (talk) 18:25, 14 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Oppose The proposed moves don't even exist as redirects, much less as WP:COMMONNAME. -Multivariable (talk) 18:45, 14 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Oppose Many (I'm not sure about all because there are some I don't know about) of the items listed above are the actual names of the items. For example "China Airlines", although located in Taiwan (or Republic of China) is still "China Airlines".  The airline should probably rename itself but the fact is it hasn't.  If any item in the above list is arguable then it should be addressed individually rather than as part of a group. Readin (talk) 20:09, 14 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Can we just close this discussion, as the move request is obviously not serious and solely disruptive? --RJFF (talk) 00:02, 15 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Oppose. Taiwan Post already exists as a redirect since the post office was known as such for months. Taiwan Airlines also exists as a redirect to help lay readers to locate the flag carrier. Better and clearer hatnotes may be needed for the other cases. Don't alter the titles. Jeremy (talk) 09:16, 15 April 2012 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:National Anthem of the Republic of China which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 19:28, 24 December 2012 (UTC)

i talk two airlines .richard taiwan — Preceding unsigned comment added by 49.149.13.20 (talk) 04:44, 25 January 2015 (UTC)

your mad man you are not belong chines because your filipino i kill u etchetera his i kiss him — Preceding unsigned comment added by 49.149.13.20 (talk) 04:52, 25 January 2015 (UTC)

his kiss me .etchetera .richard — Preceding unsigned comment added by 49.149.13.20 (talk) 04:57, 25 January 2015 (UTC)

China Airlines Flight 8
 Support article - I support the creation of a new article entitled China Airlines Flight 8, as this incident diverted an aircraft, was well published, and is a landmark case involving immigration law. --Jax 0677 (talk) 18:20, 23 October 2015 (UTC)

 * You will need to explain a bit more as aircraft divert all the time for medical emergencies and is not a notable occurence, not sure what it has to do with immigration law? MilborneOne (talk) 21:00, 23 October 2015 (UTC)
 * And hundreds of pregnant women get deported for immigration law violations. Any relevance for this flight would be linked to whether the baby was ruled a US citizen. That's nationality law, not immigration law. HkCaGu (talk) 21:07, 23 October 2015 (UTC)

Booking for flights
I would like to book a flight from Honolulu to Manila from Jan 13 2016 to Feb 12 2016. Hope someone could help me. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 150.137.2.91 (talk) 20:16, 27 November 2015 (UTC)

 * Have you tried the airlines website at http://www.china-airlines.com/ its normally the first place to try rather than an encyclopedia. MilborneOne (talk) 21:42, 27 November 2015 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 11:30, 29 April 2016 (UTC)

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Paris
Hello, I read Currently, the carrier is still unable to offer flights to destinations such as Paris. What's the point preventing China Airlines from serving directly CDG ? --Bouzinac (talk) 10:02, 10 April 2017 (UTC)

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title: Talk:China Airlines


text:
Visual Component Library

The Visual Component Library (VCL) is a visual component-based object-oriented framework for developing the user interface of Microsoft Windows applications. It is written in Object Pascal.

History
The VCL was developed by Borland for use in, and is tightly integrated with, its Delphi and C++Builder RAD tools.

In 1995 Borland released Delphi, its first release of an Object Pascal IDE and language. Up until that point, Borland's Turbo Pascal for DOS and Windows was largely a procedural language, with minimal object-oriented features, and building UI frameworks with the language required using frameworks like Turbo Vision and Object Windows Library. OWL, a similar framework to MFC, required writing code to create UI objects.

A key aim of the VCL combined with the Delphi language was to change the requirements of building a user interface. (For context, the Delphi variant of Pascal had a number of innovative object-oriented features, such as properties and runtime type information, inspired by Modula and Smalltalk.) At the time, much UI code work required creating classes inheriting from other classes, and customized objects were often not reusable (for example, a button that performs a specific action cannot be reused in a different application.) UI code was also complicated, forcing the programmer to understand and use the Windows API, manage GDI resources, etc. Finally, a visual user interface arguably should be designed visually, and yet most tools to do so - at the time, mainly Visual Basic - did so in terms of the designer outputting code, creating a fragile, un-manually-editable situation - a problem that still persists today with many UI frameworks, particularly C++-based ones such as Qt.

The combination of the Delphi language and the VCL framework written in that language addressed these by:

The combination of these resulted in a visual designer that streamed a description; a form (window) that constructed itself from that description, including creating all the other components on that form; and code being written in one place (methods on the form) that could be called by UI elements in response to certain actions, such as a button being clicked calling an OnClick event handler implemented in the form code. At the time this was revolutionary, while today it is an approach used by several other frameworks, such as WinForms and Cocoa.
 * A streaming framework, allowing an object and subobjects to be streamed to text or binary format - TComponent, the root class of the VCL framework
 * A form designer that saved to a stream, saving the description of the objects not the code required to create them, with objects capable of self-creation when streaming the description back in
 * Language features that allowed instances of a class to be customised without subclassing, in two ways: first, through the use of properties, allowing instances of an object to have its own fields (such as a caption) easily changed through streaming; second, by allowing events - method pointers called at specific places in code - to be handled by another object; that is, the method pointers were attached to an object instance. In other words, this creates "custom behaviours through delegation instead of inheritance".
 * Controls that wrapped native Windows controls, in framework that managed resources

This also allowed new components - new visual or non-visual classes - to be written easily. The VCL is Windows-based and its implementations of common controls are wrappers of the Windows API, thus is close to the ground and fully native. New controls can be implemented from scratch or can use existing Windows controls.

With the release of C++ Builder, the Delphi compiler could emit C++ header files for compiled Delphi-language units, and so the flexibility of the streaming, visually designed UI framework became available for C++. VCL components can in fact be written in C++, but ultimately inherit from Delphi ancestors, since the C++Builder compiler and linker can consume object and header files produced by Delphi. This was one of the first examples of cross-language compatibility, something unseen until .Net.

Today the VCL includes several hundred visual and non-visual components, usable in both the Delphi and C++ languages.

Technology
VCL forms a class hierarchy with a common ancestor, the TComponent class (which inherits from TObject, the root class in Delphi Object Pascal). This is a common approach shared by the Java programming language, Smalltalk, C# and many other object-oriented programming languages.

VCL components cover Windows controls like windows (TForm class), controls (e.g., TButton, TCheckBox, TLabel classes) as well as database access (e.g., ADO or IBX components) or Internet connections (Indy components). The component approach allows programmers to extend the VCL with many visual and non-visual additional components. There is a large number of free and commercial component packages. Among them are JEDI, TMS, Developer Express, Mitov Software, Raize Software, TurboPower, IOComp, SDL, DA-SOFT Technologies and many others.

While not all VCL components are thread-safe, VCL supports multi-threading too. One example is the built in multi-threading support of the OpenWire VCL library.

VCL provides native support for PME (properties, methods and events) model at the .NET level.

Much of the .NET design, especially WinForms, is modeled after the VCL. One of the main architects of the first Delphi versions, Anders Hejlsberg, was hired by Microsoft and became one of the main architects of .NET. This became the subject of a lawsuit: at the time (1996), "Borland alleged that Microsoft had hired 34 Borland employees over the past 30 months in order to steal Borland trade secrets. Borland also claimed that Microsoft offered and delivered expensive lures to Borland workers. In two cases, incentives topping $1 million were involved." According to delphi.about.com, the bonus was three million dollars in Anders' case. Many Delphi developers find C# quite familiar, due to the design similarities.

Related frameworks
A cross-platform equivalent of the VCL, called CLX (Component Library for Cross Platform), was later developed for use in Delphi, C++Builder and Kylix in 2000–2001. However, it was abandoned.

A second cross-platform framework, FireMonkey, was integrated into Delphi and C++Builder XE2 in 2011. FireMonkey is a vector-based WPF-like framework for UIs on Windows, OSX, iOS and Android.

The Lazarus project has a portable (*nix, OS/X, Win32/64+wince) equivalent called LCL, which was already working when Kylix and CLX emerged. The project maintained its course and ignored Kylix (and later FMX).

OpenOffice.org and thus LibreOffice contain an unrelated graphic library called Visual Class Library (VCL).

title: Visual Component Library


text:
Homeland for the Jewish people

A homeland for the Jewish people is an idea rooted in Jewish history, religion, and culture. The Jewish aspiration to return to Zion, generally associated with divine redemption, has suffused Jewish religious thought since the destruction of the First Temple and the Babylonian exile.

History (1839–1916)

The first wave of modern Jewish migration to Ottoman-ruled Palestine, known as the First Aliyah, began in 1881, as Jews fled pogroms in Eastern Europe. Although the Zionist movement already existed in practice, Austro-Hungarian journalist Theodor Herzl is credited with founding political Zionism, a movement that sought to establish a Jewish state in the Land of Israel, thus offering a solution to the so-called Jewish question of the European states, in conformity with the goals and achievements of other national projects of the time.

In 1896, Theodor Herzl set out his vision of a Jewish state and homeland for the Jewish people in his book Der Judenstaat (The Jewish State). The following year he presided over the First Zionist Congress in Basel, at which the Zionist Organization was founded.

The draft of the objective of the modern Zionist movement submitted to the First Zionist Congress of the Zionist Organization in 1897 read: "Zionism seeks to establish a home for the Jewish people in Palestine secured by law." One delegate sought to replace "by law" with "by international law", which was opposed by others. A compromise formula was adopted, which came to be known as the Basel Program, and read:
 * Zionism seeks to establish a home in Palestine for the Jewish people, secured under public law.

The Second Aliyah (1904–14) began after the Kishinev pogrom; some 40,000 Jews settled in Palestine, although nearly half of them left eventually. Both the first and second waves of migrants were mainly Orthodox Jews, although the Second Aliyah included socialist groups who established the kibbutz movement. Though the immigrants of the Second Aliyah largely sought to create communal agricultural settlements, the period saw the establishment of Tel Aviv as the first planned Jewish town in 1909. This period also saw the emergence of Jewish armed militias, the first being Bar-Giora, a guard founded in 1907. Two years later, the larger Hashomer organization was founded as its replacement.

The Sykes–Picot Agreement of 16 May 1916 set aside the region of Palestine for "international administration" under British control. The first official use of the phrase "national home for the Jewish people" was in the Balfour Declaration. The phrase "national home" was intentionally used instead of "state" because of opposition to the Zionist program within the British Cabinet. The initial draft of the declaration referred to the principle "that Palestine should be reconstituted as the National Home of the Jewish people."

History (1917–1948)
With the 1917 Balfour Declaration, the United Kingdom became the first world power to endorse the establishment in Palestine of a "national home for the Jewish people."

In 1919 Harry Sacher wrote "A Jewish Palestine the Jewish case for a British trusteeship. In 1919 the general secretary (and future President) of the Zionist Organization, Nahum Sokolow, published a History of Zionism (1600–1918). In this book, he explained: "'... It has been said, and is still being obstinately repeated by anti-Zionists again and again, that Zionism aims at the creation of an independent 'Jewish State'. But this is wholly fallacious. The 'Jewish State' was never part of the Zionist programme. The 'Jewish State' was the title of Herzl's first pamphlet, which had the supreme merit of forcing people to think. This pamphlet was followed by the first Zionist Congress, which accepted the Basle programme—the only programme in existence.'"

At the San Remo conference of 19–26 April 1920, the principal Allied and Associated Powers mandated the creation of a Jewish homeland. Britain officially committed itself to the objective set out in the Balfour Declaration by insisting on its forming the basis of the Mandate for Palestine, which was formally approved by the League of Nations in June 1922. The preamble of the Mandate declared: "Whereas the Principal Allied Powers have also agreed that the Mandatory should be responsible for putting into effect the declaration originally made on November 2nd, 1917, by the Government of His Britannic Majesty, and adopted by the said Powers, in favor of the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, it being clearly understood that nothing should be done which might prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country...."

A statement on "British Policy in Palestine," issued on 3 June 1922 by the Colonial Office, placed a restrictive construction upon the Balfour Declaration. The statement excluded "the disappearance or subordination of the Arabic population, language or customs in Palestine" or "the imposition of Jewish nationality upon the inhabitants of Palestine as a whole", and made it clear that in the eyes of the mandatory Power, the Jewish National Home was to be founded in Palestine and not that Palestine as a whole was to be converted into a Jewish National Home. The Committee noted that the construction, which restricted considerably the scope of the National Home, was made prior to the confirmation of the Mandate by the Council of the League of Nations and was formally accepted at the time by the Executive of the Zionist Organization. The Partition Resolution of the UN General Assembly died at birth when rejected by the Arabs. The UNGA has only the power to recommend.

On 29 September 1923, the British government became responsible for the administration of Mandatory Palestine. Along with its longstanding control of the Persian Gulf Residency and the Aden Protectorate, and its recently-acquired control of the Emirate of Transjordan and of Mandatory Iraq, the British now controlled all of the territories in the Middle East except the French Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon.

In 1942, the Biltmore Program was adopted as the platform of the Zionist Organization, with an explicit call "that Palestine be established as a Jewish Commonwealth." In 1946, the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry, also known as the Grady-Morrison Committee, noted that the demand for a Jewish State went beyond the obligations of either the Balfour Declaration or the Mandate and had been expressly disowned by the Chairman of the Jewish Agency as recently as 1932.

The period of the British Mandate was characterized by a great deal of political and social unrest among the Jews, the Palestinian Arabs, and the British (for example, the 1936–1939 Arab revolt, the 1944–1948 Jewish insurgency, and the 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine).

The United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine was passed on 29 November 1947. The plan was accepted by the Jewish Agency for Palestine but was rejected by the Arab Higher Committee and by most of the Arab population. The Arab League then adopted a series of resolutions endorsing a military solution to the conflict.

Founding of the State of Israel
The State of Israel was finally established on 14 May 1948 with the Israeli Declaration of Independence.

The concept of a national homeland for the Jewish people in the British Mandate of Palestine was enshrined in Israeli national policy and reflected in many of Israel's public and national institutions. The concept was expressed in the Israeli Declaration of Independence on 14 May 1948 and given concrete expression in the Law of Return, passed by the Knesset on 5 July 1950, which declared: "Every Jew has the right to come to this country as an oleh."

Character of the State of Israel
According to a 11 January 2019 article in Haaretz, Justice Esther Hayut, the President of the High Court of Justice, announced that eleven justices would be debating the "legality" of the July 2018 Basic Law: Israel as the Nation-State of the Jewish People, also known as the Nation-state law, including its "historical stipulations".

title: Homeland for the Jewish people


text:
Component Library for Cross Platform

Component Library for Cross Platform (CLX) (pronounced clicks), is a cross-platform visual component-based framework for developing Microsoft Windows and Linux applications. It was developed by Borland for use in its Kylix, Delphi, and C++ Builder software development environment.

Its aim was to replace the popular Microsoft Foundation Classes with Visual Component Library (VCL). CLX was based on Qt by Nokia. The API of CLX almost completely followed VCL. It was envisioned that existing applications using VCL would be recompiled with CLX.

However, due to lackluster performance on Windows, subtle differences from VCL, and bugs, it did not become the expected successor to VCL. The commercial failure of Kylix stopped further development of CLX.

In terms of object-oriented approach, CLX forms an object hierarchy where the TObject class serves as the base class. All other classes inherit or indirectly inherit the TObject class.

Today, many concepts that were defined with CLX have been implemented with the Lazarus Component Library (LCL) for the Lazarus IDE. By docking to different widgetsets, the LCL is able to support an even larger spectrum of platforms including Mac OS X and Android.

title: Component Library for Cross Platform


text:
Ahmednagar

Ahmednagar (officially Ahilya Nagar) is a city in, and the headquarters of, the Ahmednagar district, Maharashtra, India, about 120 km northeast of Pune and 114 km from Aurangabad.

Ahmednagar has several dozen buildings and sites from the Nizam Shahi period. Ahmednagar Fort, once considered almost impregnable, was used by the British to house Jawaharlal Nehru (the first prime minister of India) and other Indian Nationalists before Indian independence. A few rooms there have been converted to a museum. During his confinement by the British at Ahmednagar Fort in 1944, Nehru wrote book The Discovery of India. Ahmednagar is home to the Indian Armoured Corps Centre & School (ACC&S), the Mechanised Infantry Regimental Centre (MIRC), the Vehicle Research and Development Establishment (VRDE) and the Controllerate of Quality Assurance Vehicles (CQAV). Training and recruitment for the Indian Army Armoured Corps takes place at the ACC&S.

Ahmednagar is a relatively small town and shows less development than the nearby western Maharashtra cities of Mumbai and Pune. Ahmednagar is home to 19 sugar factories and is also the birthplace of the cooperative movement. Due to scarce rainfall, the city often suffers from drought. Marathi is the primary language for daily-life communication. The city administration has recently published a plan of developing the city by year 2031.

Etymology
Ahmednagar took its name from Ahmad Nizam Shah I, who founded the town in 1494 on the site of a battlefield where he won a battle against superior Bahamani forces. It was close to the site of the village of Bhingar. With the breakup of the Bahmani Sultanate, Ahmad established a new sultanate in Ahmednagar, also known as Nizam Shahi dynasty.

History
The town Ahmednagar was founded in 1494 by Ahmad Nizam Shah I on the site of a more ancient city, Bhingar. With the breakup of the Bahmani Sultanate, Ahmad established a new sultanate in Ahmednagar, also known as Nizam Shahi dynasty.

It was one of the Deccan sultanates, which lasted until its conquest by Mughal emperor Shah Jahan in 1636. Aurangzeb, the last Mughal emperor, who spent the latter years of his reign, 1681–1707, in the Deccan, died in Ahmednagar and is buried at Khuldabad, near Aurangabad in 1707, with a small monument marking the site.

In 1759, the Peshwa of the Marathas obtained possession of the place from Nizam of Hyderabad and in 1795 it was ceded by the Peshwa to the Maratha chief Daulat Rao Sindhia. In 1803 Ahmednagar was besieged by a British force under Richard Wellesley and captured. It was afterward restored to the Marathas, but again came into the possession of the British in 1817, according to the terms of the Treaty of Poona, and was known as Ahmednuggur.

In 19th century American Christian missionaries opened first modern schools in this town. According to a report there were four girls' school running under the superintendence of Cynthia Farrar around the 1850s. Mahatma Jyotirao Phule visited them and got inspired to open school for girls in Poona. Later, he enrolled his wife Savitribai Phule in Farrar's school in a teacher's training program. Farrar was from America and spent his entire life in Ahmednagar running her schools, these girls' schools were one of the first such kind in the country.

On 31 May 2023, Eknath Shinde (the chief minister of Maharashtra) announced that Ahmednagar would be renamed "Ahilya Nagar", in honour of Ahilyabai Holkar who was Rani of Indore, within the Maratha Confederacy in the late 18th-century. Deputy chief minister Devendra Fadnavis spoke at the same meeting, referring to Shinde's government as "pro-Hindutva", and asked Shinde to rename the district "Ahilyanagar"; Shinde replied: "The state government has accepted your demand to rename Ahmednagar as Ahilyadevi Holkar Nagar". The BJP demanded that Ahmednagar be renamed. Rais Shaikh (group leader of the Samajwadi Party in the Maharashtra Legislative Assembly) said that "The Maha Yuti government is implementing the 'Yogi pattern' of creating an illusion of development by changing the names of cities without doing anything for development" and accused the government of "distorting history". On 13 March 2024, the Maharashtra state cabinet announced that they had approved the renaming of Ahmednagar at the same time as they announced the renaming of seven railway stations in Mumbai.

Military base
Ahmednagar is home to: Training and recruitment for the Indian Army Armored Corps take place at the ACC&S. Formerly, the city was the Indian base of the British Army's Royal Tank Corps/ Indian Armored Corps, amongst other units. The town houses the second-largest display of military tanks in the world and the largest in Asia.
 * the Indian Armored Corps Centre & School (ACC&S),
 * the Mechanized Infantry Regimental Centre (MIRC),
 * the Vehicle Research and Development Establishment (VRDE) and
 * the Controllerate of Quality Assurance Vehicles (CQAV).

Climate
Situated in the rain shadow region of the Western Ghats, Ahmednagar has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh). The climate is hot throughout the year and sweltering during the pre-monsoon months from March to mid-June, whilst monsoon rainfall averages less than a third of that received in Mumbai and about a tenth what is received in Mahabaleshwar on the crest of the mountains.

Demographics
As of 2011 Indian census, Ahmednagar had a population of 350,859. Ahmednagar has a sex ratio of 961 females per 1000 males and an average literacy rate of 84%, higher than the national urban average of 79.9%. 10% of the population is under 6 years of age.

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 68.01% of the population spoke Marathi, 9.43% Hindi, 8.59% Urdu, 4.86% Telugu, 4.31% Marwari, 1.35% Sindhi and 0.95% Gujarati as their first language.

Notable people

 * Malik Ambar, Siddi military leader and guerilla fighter against Mughal Empire
 * Sadashiv Amrapurkar, noted film and theatre actor
 * Rajanikant Arole, doctor, Magsaysay award Winner, Padmabhushan
 * Meher Baba, spiritual leader
 * John Barnabas, evolutionary biologist
 * Chand Bibi, Nizamshahi princess, defended Ahmednagar Fort against the Mughal forces of Akbar
 * Madhu Dandavate, Indian Politician
 * Michael J. S. Dewar, theoretical chemist
 * Cynthia Farrar, American missionary
 * Anna Hazare, Gandhian and social activist
 * Adhik Kadam, social activist, social entrepreneur and philanthropist.
 * Pramod Kamble, painter and sculptor
 * Zaheer Khan, cricketer
 * Anna Leonowens, educator, feminist, author of The English Governess at the Siamese Court (1870)
 * Spike Milligan, 1918–2002, comedian and author
 * Shahu Modak, film actor
 * Bahirji Naik, Head of Intelligence Agency of Maratha army
 * Popatrao Baguji Pawar, Padmashri, Sarpanch Hiware Bazar
 * Ajinkya Rahane, cricketer
 * Anand Rishiji, Jain saint
 * Sai Baba of Shirdi, spiritual master
 * Narayan Waman Tilak, Christian writer, poet, pastor

Tourist places

 * Tomb of Salabat Khan II – also called the Chand Bibi Palace, this is a solid three-storey stone structure situated on the crest of a hill 13 km from Ahmednagar city.
 * Meherabad, where the samadhi (tomb) of the spiritual master Meher Baba is a place of pilgrimage, particularly on the anniversary of his death, Amartithi. His later residence was at Meherazad (near Pimpalgaon village), approximately nine miles north of Ahmednagar.
 * Ahmednagar Fort (Bhuekot Killa) – Built by Ahmed Nizam Shah in 1490, this is one of the best-designed and most impregnable forts in India., it is under the control of the military command of India.
 * Cavalry Tank Museum – The Armoured Corps Centre and School has created a museum with an extensive collection of 20th-century armoured fighting vehicles.
 * Ralegan Siddhi – a village which is a model for environmental conservation. Social activist Anna Hazare is from Ralegan Siddhi.
 * Pimpri Gawali – is a village in Parner taluka, about 25 km away from Ahmednagar and known for the watershed development and agribusiness activities. Pimpari Gavali Deep CCT 1.jpg
 * Avhane, Shevgaon – Temple of Ganesh (Nidrista/Sleeping).
 * Shri Munjaba Tample, Ukkadgaon – In Shrigonda Taluka about 60 km from Ahmednagar main city it is very beautiful Temple with four big statue of ganapati, mahadev (shankar), vishnu and hanuman on Temple and thousands of devotees visit this place.
 * Jamgaon – Place in Parner taluka with a historic 18th-century palace built by Mahadaji Shinde.
 * Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Rahuri Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth is an agricultural university at Rahuri, named after an activist and social reformer of 19th century—one of four agricultural universities in the state.
 * Mula Dam: It is 52 km from the Ahmednagar City
 * Shani Shingnapur - Temple of God Shani

Air
Ahmednagar has 1 airport, the nearest domestic airport at Shirdi at 90km. While the nearest International Airport is at Pune.

Ahmednagar city has air connectivity by Seaplane service. The port for Seaplane is located at the Mula Dam water reservoir, 30 min away from Ahmednagar City. The service offered by Maritime Energy Heli Air Services Pvt. Ltd. (MEHAIR) from 22 September 2014. Ongoing Flight is available from Juhu, Mumbai to Mula Dam.

Rail
Ahmednagar railway station (station code:ANG) belongs to Solapur Division of Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. Ahmednagar has rail connectivity with Pune, Manmad, Kopargaon, Shirdi, Daund, Goa, Nasik and other metro-cities like New Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Bangalore, Ahmedabad. 41 express trains stop at this station. There is still a demand for direct rail connectivity to other major cities of India. Ahmednagar station will now be a part of the Pune railway division. 24 stations of the Daund-Ankai section will be merged with Pune railway division. The Daund-Ankai section is currently under the management of the Solapur railway division. The change to the Pune division will increase the chances of starting demu services between Ahmednagar and Pune stations.

One of the oldest and important railway project of Ahmednagar railway station was kalyan-Ahmednagar railway project which was in planning stage since British regime. It was referred as 3rd ghat project. The survey of this project was carried out in 1973, 2000, 2006, 2014 etc. This project was in pink book in 2010. Unfortunately this project could not be completed. The alignment length of this project was 184 km and it could have been shortest route for Marathwada, Andhra and Telangana. The major challenge for this project was proposed 18.96 km tunnel in malshej ghat section.

Malshej Kriti samiti is following for kalyan ahmednagar railway project. Kalyan-murbad section which is first phase of this project is already under survey stage.

Survey of Ahmednagar-Aurangabad Railway line with 120 km length was also carried out in March 2021. The DPR Report of this project is under preparation.

Ahmednagar-Karmala railway option is also getting explored. Ahmednagar railway station will become an important railway junction in future to the level similar to daund railway junction. Kalyan-Murbad-Ahmednagar line is also possible in future.

Road
Ahmednagar is well connected by road with major cities of Maharashtra and other states. It has 4 lane road connectivity to: National Highway 222 from Kalyan to Nirmal near Adilabad in Telangana passes through the city. The Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation (MSRTC) and different private transport operators provide bus service connecting the city to all parts of the state.
 * Aurangabad
 * Parbhani,
 * Nanded,
 * Pune,
 * Nashik,
 * Beed,
 * Solapur and
 * Osmanabad.

Ahmednagar has 3 main bus stands:
 * MSRTC Tarakpur Bus Stand – All buses passing through Ahmednagar stop here.
 * Maliwada Bus Stand – The buses going to Aurangabad/ Jalgaon/ Akola halt here.
 * Pune Bus Stand – Buses going to Pune/ Mumbai halt here.

Intra city transport

 * Autorickshaws, including Share Autorickshaws
 * Bus service established by the Municipal Corporation. The main bus routes in the city are:
 * Maliwada Bus Stand to Nirmalnagar via:
 * Delhi Gate,
 * Patrakar Chowk,
 * Premdan Chowk,
 * Professor Colony and
 * Pipeline Road.
 * Maliwada Bus Stand to Dr. Vikhe Patil College, Vilad Ghat via:
 * Delhi Gate,
 * Patrakar Chowk,
 * Premdan Chowk,
 * Savedi Naka,
 * Nagapur MIDC and
 * New Nagapur.
 * Maliwada Bus Stand to Kedgaon via:
 * Sakkar Chowk,
 * Kinetic Chowk,
 * Railway Flyover and
 * Ambikanagar.
 * Maliwada Bus Stand to Bhingar via:
 * Market Yard Chowk,
 * Nagar College,
 * GPO Chowk,
 * Ahmednagar Fort,
 * Shukrawar Bazaar and
 * Bhingar Wes.
 * Maliwada Bus Stand to Nimbalak via:
 * Delhi Gate,
 * Patrakar Chowk,
 * Premdan Chowk,
 * Savedi Naka and
 * Nagapur MIDC.

Politics
Ahmednagar Municipal Council was upgraded to a Municipal Corporation in 2003. As of 2022, Rohini Shendage of Shiv Sena was the incumbent mayor. Ahmednagar city is represented in the central and state legislatures by the Ahmednagar Lok Sabha and Ahmednagar City Vidhan Sabha seats respectively. The Sitting MP was Dr.Sujay Vikhe Patil as of 2022, while the sitting MLA was Sangram Jagtap.

Media and communication
Internet facilities are provided by several service providers.
 * Newspapers:
 * Lokmat,
 * Sakaal,
 * Pudhari
 * Sarvamat,
 * Deshdoot,
 * Punyanagri,
 * Samana,
 * Loksatta,
 * Nava Maratha,
 * Nagar Times,
 * Divya Marathi,
 * Maharashtra Times,
 * Samachar and
 * Savedi Mitra
 * TV Channel:
 * CMN Channel,
 * News Today 24 Ahmednagar and
 * ATV Ahmednagar
 * Radio:
 * 104 MY FM,
 * AIR Nagar FM,
 * Radio City,
 * Dhamaal 24 and
 * Radio Nagar FM
 * Internet:

title: Ahmednagar


text:
Talk:Spanish language in the Americas

Title
I'd prefer to talk about Spanish language in the Americas -- Error 05:11 22 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * Concue, and moved. "American Spanish" more likely refers to the Spanish spoken in the US in the English language. Since both meanings have a claim on the term, and since neither would accespt the other, I've converted American Spanish to a DAB page. - BilCat (talk) 19:50, 4 July 2010 (UTC)

There is NO SUCH THING as Latin American Spanish
I am an expert on the different variants of the Spanish language. I have lived in Spain and in 5 Spanish- American countries. Spanish is my native language, together with English. My web page is: http://www.proz.com/profile/76326.

I can assure you from personal experience, including systematic observation and note-taking, that there is no such thing as Latin American Spanish. Argentine Spanish is more similar to European Spanish than it is to Colombian Spanish. Mexican Spanish is similar to nothing. And that is a typical situation. Consequently the term "Latin American Spanish" is meaningless.

There are only two or three traits with respect to which the Spanish of the Americas is clearly distinguished from the Spanish of Spain. They are:

a. Phonetics: lisping (i.e. pronouncing like the English TH in “throat”). In Northern and Central Spain the letter Z and the letter C in  the combinations CI & CE are lisped. In southern Spain and the Americas, on the contrary, Z, CI & CE are pronounced like S.

b. Pronouns & verb forms: In Spain a certain verb form and its attendant personal pronoun are used for the second person plural, but are not used anywhere in the Americas (or the Canary Islands). The pronoun in question is vosotros and the pertinent verb endings in present indicative are –áis or –éis, depending on conjugation. In the Canaries and the Americas the pronoun is ustedes and the verb forms are those of the 3rd person plural.

c. Pronouns & verb forms: There is a third trait that appears in all Spanish speaking countries of the Americas, but only in certain regions of each country (except in Guatemala & Chile, where use is uniform nationwide but diverges from usage in the other countries), and is nowhere used in Spain. It is the use of the familiar 2nd person singular vos instead of the standard tú. The attendant verb forms are variants of the verb forms for vosotros shown in (b).

These three traits are THE ONLY ONES in which the Spanish of Spain is clearly distinguished from that of the Americas. In every other respect it's a free-for all, i.e. the chances of European Spanish choosing option A and all American countries choosing the same alternative option B, is close to zero.

These three traits by themselves, in my opinion, do not suffice to constitute a language variant. Their combined effect on comprehension is not overwhelming. Certainly there are vocabulary differences between, say, Uruguay and Panama, that are far greater obstacles to comprehension than the one that these three differences combined pose to comprehension between Europe and the Americas.

Consequently to speak of an entity called ¨Latin American Spanish¨ is to conjure up a pathetic little creature consisting of only 3 parts, which are not, or only barely, interconnected, and are of little practical importance. In other words “Latin American Spanish” is a phantom, a mythological creature created for the convenience of busy lexicographers with little time for analysis.

Carl Stoll —Preceding unsigned comment added by Mumbo-jumbophobe (talk • contribs) 21:26, 12 March 2010 (UTC)

 * I think this is very well expressed. I suppressed some POV and wikified, and added as a section called "Common traits". 167.107.191.217 (talk) 19:34, 1 April 2010 (UTC)

I agree with the above. I think the general line of this article should be explaining the non-existence of Latin American Spanish, something which is evident to anyone who is a native spanish speaker and has travelled both in Spain and Latin America.

I do not agree that Argentinian Spanish is closer to European Spanish than Colombian though. Colombian and European Spanish are definitely closer to each other, in my opinion. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.39.43.45 (talk) 17:32, 12 April 2011 (UTC)

Mutual intelligibility and amount of diversity
I think this article would benefit from a general indication of how much these varieties of Spanish differ, ideally in comparison to some benchmark that is graspable by English speakers (e.g. difference between British English and American English). This could also include a comment on the extent to which they are all mutually intelligible. 86.160.82.216 (talk) 03:46, 14 December 2012 (UTC)

Double consonants
Most american & southern spain dialects have double consonants rn becomes nn, rd becomes dd, etc. This is common knowledge. Yoandri Dominguez Garcia 19:22, 25 June 2018 (UTC)
 * I wouldn't say most, rather the Caribbean and part of Andalusia. However, if you have a reliable source for it, any change is welcome. --Jotamar (talk) 23:04, 28 June 2018 (UTC)

Trends
This article would benefit from a section referring to trends over time. Eg is English becoming more common across Latin America, replacing Spanish in areas like Business, Technology, and Science for communication between Latin American countries? Is there a gradual increase in standardisation of Spanish, or are the different versions still diverging? FreeFlow99 (talk) 14:03, 11 November 2020 (UTC)

Inaccurate map
Please see commons:File talk:Spanish speakers in the Americas (orthographic projection).svg. Thanks! Nosferattus (talk) 14:39, 6 October 2021 (UTC)
 * Since no one has responded, I went ahead and removed the map for now. Nosferattus (talk) 18:51, 12 October 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Spanish language in the Americas


text:
User:Moss Hart

I am here. Although I am not Moss Hart. He would be dead.

I'd never heard of Moss Hart until I read his stellar autobiography "Act One". A grand read, I return to it regularly.

My interests include: Music -- classical, jazz and musical theatre Technology -- Linux and open source software Philosophy & theology particularly Roman Catholic

I prefer editing to writing, so I expect I'll be mostly making minor edits for clarity, expanding stubs where I can. Maybe I'll muster the nerve/energy to tackle a significant article. Who knows?

title: User:Moss Hart


text:
User:Markhurd

Mark Hurd
I am an Australian computer programmer and Director of MGM Wireless Limited, not the ex-CEO of HP, Mark Hurd, nor related to him.

I am living with refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Inter-WikiMedia links
(mostly as a convenience for me)
 * commons:User:Markhurd
 * meta:User:Markhurd
 * wikibooks:User:Markhurd
 * wikisource:User:Markhurd
 * wiktionary:User:Markhurd
 * wikinews:User:Markhurd
 * it:Utente:Markhurd
 * wmau:User:Markhurd
 * wikidata:User:Markhurd

Extra-Wiki links

 * WikiWikiWeb MarkHurd
 * explain xkcd explainxkcd:User:Markhurd

To Do
(Reminders to me regarding pages or issues I think need work -- you're free to be bold and address it for me :-) )

 * VBScript needs adjusting according to my comments in Talk:VBScript
 * Usenet and Newsgroup duplicate information and NNTP could expand too
 * Should NSD refer to Natasha Stott Despoja?
 * Contribute to wikibooks:Programming:Visual Basic Classic

title: User:Markhurd


text:
List of Greek Orthodox patriarchs of Antioch

The patriarch of Antioch is one of the Eastern Orthodox patriarchs, the leader of the autocephalous Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch. The term "Greek" does not refer to ethnic origin; the majority of these patriarchs were not ethnic Greeks, but rather Hellenized Arabs, Arameans, Assyrians, and other Levantines who spoke Greek and adopted a Hellenic identity. It refers to the fact that this church follows the Chalcedonian Orthodoxy associated with the (Greek-speaking) Byzantine Empire. Since 518, there have been two patriarchs of Antioch who call themselves Orthodox: the Chalcedonian ones listed here, and the non-Chalcedonian Syriac Orthodox patriarchs of Antioch.

Greek Orthodox patriarchs of Antioch from 518 to 1724

 * Paul the Jew (518–521)
 * Euphrasius (521–526)
 * Ephraim of Amid (526–546)
 * Domnus III (546–561)
 * Anastasius I of Antioch (561–571)
 * Gregory (571–594)
 * Anastasius I of Antioch (restored) (594–599)
 * Anastasius II (599–610)
 * Gregory II (610–620)
 * Anastasius III (620–628)
 * Macedonius (639–662)
 * George I (662–669)
 * Macarius (669–681)
 * Theophanes (681–684)
 * Sebastian (687–690)
 * George II (691–702)
 * Stephen IV (743–744)
 * Theophylact (744–750)
 * Theodore I (750–773)
 * Theodoret (781–812)
 * Job (813–844)
 * Nicholas (846–868)
 * Theodosius I (870–890)
 * Simeon (892–907)
 * Elias (907–934)
 * Theodosius II (936–943)
 * Theocharistus (944–948)
 * Agapius I (953–959)
 * Christopher (960–967)
 * Eustratius (969)Seal of Theodore of Koloneia, Patriarch of Antioch (Schlumberger, 1900).png
 * Theodore II (970–976)
 * Agapius II (978–996)
 * John III (996–1021)
 * Nicholas II (1025–1030)
 * Elias II (1032–1033)
 * Theodore III (1034–1042) Seal of Basil II, Patriarch of Antioch (Schlumberger, 1900).png
 * Basil II (?-?)
 * Peter III (1052–1056)
 * John IV (1056–1057)
 * Theodosius III (1057–1059)
 * Aemilian (1074–1078)
 * Nicephorus (1079–?)
 * John V (or IV) (1091–1100)

After 1098, the patriarchate was in exile, at first at Constantinople, having been replaced by a Latin patriarch.

 * John VI (or V) (1106–1134)
 * Soterichos Panteugenos (elect, 1156–1157)
 * Euthymius (1159–1164)
 * Macarius II (1164–1166)
 * Athanasius I (1166–1180)
 * Theodosius III (1180–1182)
 * Elias III (1182–1184)
 * Christopher II (1184–1185)
 * Theodore IV (Balsamon) (1185–1199)
 * Joachim (1199–1219)
 * Dorotheus (1219–1245)
 * Simeon II (1245–1268)
 * Euthymius (1268–1269)
 * Theodosius IV (1269–1276)

With Theodosius, the patriarchate returned to Antioch.

 * Theodosius V Villehardouin (1276–1285)
 * Arsenius (1285–1293)
 * Dionysius (1293–1308)
 * Mark (1308–1342)
 * Ignatius II (1342–1386)

With Ignatius, the patriarchate transferred to Damascus.

 * Pachomius (1386–1393)
 * Nilus (1393–1401)
 * Michael III (1401–1410)
 * Pachomius II (1410–1411)
 * Joachim II (1411–1426)
 * Mark III (1426–1436)
 * Dorotheus II (1436–1454)
 * Michael IV (1454–1476)
 * Mark IV (1476)
 * Joachim III (1476–1483)
 * Gregory III (1483–1497)
 * Dorotheus III (1497–1523)
 * Michael V (1523–1541)
 * Dorotheus IV (1541–1543)
 * Joachim IV (Ibn Juma) (1543–1576)
 * Michael VI (Sabbagh) (1577–1581)
 * Joachim V (1581–1592)
 * Joachim VI (1593–1604)
 * Dorotheus IV (or V) Ibn Al-Ahmar (1604–1611)
 * Athanasius II (or III) Dabbas (1611–1619)
 * Ignatius III Atiyah (1619–1634)
 * Cyril IV Dabbas (1619–1627)
 * Euthymius II (or III) Karmah (1634–1635)
 * Euthymius III (or IV) of Chios (1635–1647)
 * Macarius III Ibn al-Za'im (1647–1672)
 * Neophytos of Chios (1673–1682)
 * Athanasius III Dabbas (first, reign) (1685–1694)
 * Cyril V (or III) Zaim ((Communion with Rome) 1672–1694, 1694–1720)
 * Athanasius III Dabbas (second reign) (1720–1724)

The Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch split into two factions in 1724 as the Melkite Greek Catholic Church broke communion with the Orthodox Church and established communion with the Catholic Church. Both groups recognize the same list of patriarchs for the period before 1724, but have had different patriarchs since.

Greek Orthodox patriarchs of Antioch after 1724

 * Sylvester (Dabbas) (1724–1766) (appointed by Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople)
 * Philemon (1766–1767)
 * Daniel (1767–1791)
 * Anthemius (1791–1813)
 * Seraphim (1813–1823)
 * Methodius (1823–1850)
 * Hierotheos (1850–1885)
 * Gerasimos (1885–1891)
 * Spyridon (1891–1898)
 * Meletius II (Doumani) (1899–1906)
 * Gregory IV (Haddad) (1906–1928)
 * vacant (1928–1931)
 * Alexander III (Tahhan) (1931–1958)
 * Arsenius II (Haddad) (1931–1933) (schism)
 * Theodosius VI (Abou Rjaileh) (1958–1970)
 * Elias IV (Mouawwad) (1970–1979)
 * Ignatius IV (Hazim) (1979–2012)
 * John X (Yazigi) (2012–)

Literature

 * Prosopographie der mittelbyzantinischen Zeit
 * Prosopographie der mittelbyzantinischen Zeit
 * Prosopographie der mittelbyzantinischen Zeit
 * Prosopographie der mittelbyzantinischen Zeit
 * Prosopographie der mittelbyzantinischen Zeit