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Pro-ana

Promotion of anorexia is the promotion of behaviors related to the eating disorder anorexia nervosa. It is often referred to simply as pro-ana or ana. The lesser-used term pro-mia refers likewise to bulimia nervosa and is sometimes used interchangeably with pro-ana. Pro-ana groups differ widely in their stances. Most claim that they exist mainly as a non-judgmental environment for anorexics; a place to turn to, to discuss their illness, and to support those who choose to enter recovery. Others deny anorexia nervosa is a mental illness and claim instead that it is a lifestyle choice that should be respected by doctors and family.

Pro-ana sites often feature thinspiration (or thinspo): images or video montages of slim women, often celebrities, who may range anywhere from being naturally slim to emaciated with visibly protruding bones. The scientific community recognises anorexia nervosa as a serious illness. Some research suggests anorexia nervosa has the highest rate of mortality of any psychological disorder.

Culture
Medical professionals treating eating disorders have long noted that patients in recovery programs often "symptom pool", banding closely together for emotional support and validation. In this context, people with anorexia may collectively normalize their condition, defending it not as an illness but as an accomplishment of self-control and an essential part of their identity, with some members of these online communities going as far as claiming that starving oneself is a lifestyle choice rather than an illness. These 'lifestyle' claims may be a symptom of anosognosia. Other community members band together for support in managing their illnesses, such as sharing harm reduction tips and having others to talk to about their experiences that are going through the same thing. Many individuals in pro-ana communities use the phrase "pro for myself, not anyone else" to indicate that they are only interested in furthering their own disorders, not encouraging anyone else to imitate their behavior.

Online presence
Such advocacy has flourished on the Internet, mainly through tight-knit support groups centred on web forums and social network services such as Tumblr, Xanga, LiveJournal, Facebook and Myspace. These groups are typically small, vulnerable, partly hidden and characterized by frequent migrations. They also have a high female readership and are frequently the only means of support available to socially isolated anorexics.

Members of such support groups may:
 * Endorse anorexia and/or bulimia as desirable (84% and 64% respectively in a 2010 survey ).
 * Share crash dieting techniques and recipes (67% of sites in a 2006 survey, rising to 83% in a 2010 survey).
 * Coach each other on using socially acceptable pretexts for refusing food, such as veganism (which is notably more prevalent in the eating-disordered in general ).
 * Compete with each other at losing weight, or fast together in displays of solidarity.
 * Commiserate with one another after breaking fast or binging.
 * Advise on how to best induce vomiting, and on using laxatives and emetics.
 * Give tips on hiding weight loss from parents and doctors.
 * Share information on reducing the side-effects of anorexia.
 * Post their weight, body measurements, details of their dietary regimen or pictures of themselves to solicit acceptance and affirmation.
 * Suggest ways to ignore or suppress hunger pangs.

Many have popular blogs and forums on which members seek companionship by posting about their daily lives or boasting about personal accomplishments of weight loss. The communities centred on such sites can be warmly welcoming (especially in recovery-friendly groups) or sometimes cliquish and openly suspicious of newcomers. In particular, hostility is often leveled at:
 * The non-eating disordered who express disapproval, including the spouses, relatives and friends of members who appear on-site to post threats and warnings.
 * Casual dieters who join, believing that inducing eating disorders will cause them to lose weight more effectively. Such people are often derisively referred to as "wannabes" or "wannarexics".

Thinspiration
Pro-ana sites often (84%, in a 2010 survey ) feature thinspiration (or thinspo): images or video montages of slim women, often celebrities, who may range anywhere from being naturally slim to emaciated with visibly protruding bones. Pro-ana bloggers, forum members and social networking groups likewise post thinspiration to motivate one another toward further weight loss. Conversely, reverse thinspiration features images of fatty food or overweight people intended to induce disgust. There exists significant controversy between supporters and opponents of thinspiration; some assert that thinspiration only "glorifies" eating disorders while some thinspiration bloggers argue that the purpose of thinspiration is to support a healthy level of weight loss.

Thinspirational clips circulate widely on video sharing sites, pro-ana blogs often post thinspirational entries, and many pro-ana forums have threads dedicated to sharing thinspiration. Thinspiration can also take the form of inspirational mantras, quotes or selections of lyrics from poetry or popular music (94% of sites in a 2003 survey ).

Thinspiration often has a spiritual-ascetic flavour, referring to fasting through metaphors of bodily purity, food through allusions to sin and corruption, and thinness through imagery of angels and angelic flight. Exhortations like "Ana's Creed" and "The Thin Commandments" are also common.

Appeal
Social researchers studying pro-ana have varied explanations for its popularity, with some characterizing it as a rejection of modern consumerism and others suggesting that pro-ana functions as a coping mechanism for those already emotionally stressed by eating disorders. However, most agree on two elements of pro-ana sites:
 * Initially, pro-ana sites attract both the non-eating disordered (who first visit seeking tips and techniques for losing weight) and the eating-disordered (who seek advice on hiding their disordered behaviors or minimizing the physical damage caused by over-exercising and severe calorie restriction).
 * Pro-ana sites give their members a strong sense of community and common identity.

Fashion
Red bracelets are popularly worn in pro-ana, both as a discreet way for anorexics to socially identify and as a tangible reminder to avoid eating. Pro-mia bracelets, likewise, are blue or purple. Most such bracelets are simple beaded items traded briskly on online auction sites.

Proliferation
Pro-ana has proliferated rapidly on the Internet, with some observers noting a first wave of pro-ana sites on free web hosting services in the late 1990s, and a second wave attributed to the recent rise of blogging and social networking services.

A survey by Internet security firm Optenet found a 470% increase in pro-ana and pro-mia sites from 2006 to 2007. A similar increase was also noted in a 2006 Maastricht University study investigating alternatives to censorship of pro-ana material. In the study, the Dutch blog host punt.nl began in October 2006 presenting visitors to pro-ana blogs on its service with a click-through warning containing a disparaging message and links to pro-recovery sites. Although the warnings were a deterrence (33.6% of the 530,000 unique visitors logged did not proceed past the warning), the number of such blogs actually increased tenfold, with their monthly traffic figures doubling on average by the end of the study.

Viewership
In a 2009 survey by the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven of 711 Flemish high school students aged 13–17, 12.6% of girls and 5.9% of boys reported having visited pro-ana websites at least once. In another 2009 survey, by parental control software vendor CyberSentinel of 1500 female Internet users aged 6–15, one in three reported having searched online for dieting tips, while one in five reported having corresponded with others on social networking sites or in chat rooms for tips on dieting.

Visitors to pro-ana web sites also include a significant number of those already diagnosed with eating disorders: a 2006 survey of eating disorder patients at Stanford Medical School found that 35.5% had visited pro-ana web sites; of those, 96.0% learned new weight loss or purging methods from such sites (while 46.4% of viewers of pro-recovery sites learned new techniques).

Effect
Pro-ana sites can negatively impact the eating behavior of people with and without eating disorders. One study of individuals without eating disorders demonstrated that 84% of participants decreased caloric intake by an average of 2,470 calories (301 min -7851 max) per week after viewing pro-ED (eating disorder) websites. Only 56% of participants actually perceived the reduction in their intake. Three weeks after the experiment, 24% of participants reported continuing weight control strategies from pro-ana websites, though they did not continue to visit those sites. Controls viewing health and travel websites did not decrease caloric intake at a significant level. Other studies have found that women with varying levels of eating disorder symptomatology were more likely to engage in image comparison and exercise after viewing pro-ana websites versus control websites.

Pro-ana sites can negatively impact cognition and affect. Women who viewed a pro-ana site, but not control sites focused on fashion or home décor, experienced an increase in negative affect and decreases in self-esteem, appearance self-efficacy, and perceived attractiveness. They also reported feeling heavier and being more likely to think about their weight. The effects of perfectionism, BMI, internalization of the thin ideal, and pre-existing ED symptomatology as moderators of negative affect were comparable to chance, suggesting that pro-ana websites can affect a broad spectrum of individuals, not simply those with ED characteristics.

A 2007 survey by the University of South Florida of 1575 girls and young women found that those who had a history of viewing pro-ana websites did not differ from those who viewed only pro-recovery websites on any of the survey's measures, including body mass index, negative body image, appearance dissatisfaction, level of disturbance, and dietary restriction. Those who had viewed pro-ana websites were, however, moderately more likely to have a negative body image than those who did not.

Similarly, girls in the 2009 Leuven survey who viewed pro-ana websites were more likely to have a negative body image and be dissatisfied with their body shape.

A 2012 report by Deloitte Access Economics, commissioned by Australian non-profit The Butterfly Foundation, estimated that eating disorders resulted in productivity losses totaling just over $AUD15 billion, with 1828 (515 males and 1313 females) dying that year from eating disorder-related complications.

Social support vs. exacerbation of illness
Unlike pro-ana sites, pro-recovery sites are designed to encourage development and maintenance of healthy behaviors and cognitions. A study of pro-ana and pro-recovery website use among adolescents with eating disorders found that adolescents used both types of websites to further eating disordered behaviors. Those who viewed pro-ana sites were comparable to those who viewed pro-recovery sites with respect to appearance dissatisfaction, restriction, and bulimic behaviors. Over half of parents were unaware of any ED website usage.

People who use pro-ana sites report lower social support than controls and seek to fill this deficit by use of pro-ana sites. While pro-ana site users in this study perceived greater support from online communities than offline relationships, they also reported being encouraged to continue eating disorder behaviors. Users of pro-ana sites (n=60) cited a sense of belonging (77%), social support (75%), and support for the choice to continue current eating disorder behaviors (54%) as reasons for joining a pro-ana site. Reasons for continuing to use a pro-ana site included general support for stress (84%), meeting others with eating disorders (50%), and finding triggers for eating disorder behaviors (37%). Finally, behaviors first learned after visiting a pro-ana site include using thinspiration (63%), hiding eating disorder behaviors (60%), fasting (57%), using diuretics and laxatives (45%), vomiting (23%), using alcohol or other drugs to inhibit appetite (22%), and self-harm (22%).

Some studies, however, claim that the link between pro-ana websites and increased incidence of eating disorders are not strongly linked; instead, these communities have just increased the visibility of those affected. It's possible that health professionals and academics are eager to place blame on these communities because of this increased visibility and being an "easy target" for understanding the complex problem of root causes of eating disorders.

Controversy and criticism
Many medical professionals and some anorexics view pro-ana as a glamorization of a serious illness. Pro-ana began to attract attention from the mainstream press when The Oprah Winfrey Show aired a special episode in October 2001 focusing on pro-ana. Pressure from the public and pro-recovery organizations led to Yahoo and GeoCities shutting down pro-ana sites. In response, many groups now take steps to conceal themselves, disclaim their intentions as neutral and recovery-supportive (58% of sites in a 2006 survey), or interview members to screen out the non-eating disordered.

Medical profession
Health care professionals and medical associations have generally negative views of pro-ana groups and the information they disseminate:
 * The National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders (ANAD) states that Pro-Ana sites "can pose a serious threat to some individuals, not simply because they promote eating disorder behaviors, but because they build a sense of community that is unhealthy. They lure the impressionable and persuade them that the Pro-Ana community is providing caring and nurturing advice."
 * The Academy for Eating Disorders (AED) stated that "websites that glorify anorexia as a lifestyle choice play directly to the psychology of its victims", expressing concern that sites dedicated to the promotion of anorexia as a desirable "lifestyle choice" "provide support and encouragement to engage in health threatening behaviors, and neglect the serious consequences of starvation." However, one of its board members, Eric van Furth, has noted that pro-ana sites have relatively few visitors and advises against legal sanction of such sites, claiming instead that popular media play the more important role in establishing ideals of female thinness.
 * Bodywhys (the Eating Disorders Association of Ireland) notes that pro-ana sites "might initially help people to feel less isolated, but the community that they create is an unhealthy community that encourages obsessiveness and minimization of the seriousness of these potentially deadly disorders."
 * B-eat (the Eating Disorders Association of the UK) has remarked that those who seek out pro-ana sites do so "to find support, understanding and acceptance. We don't call for the sites to be banned, but rather for everyone else to consider how they can also provide that understanding and acceptance so that these sites don't become the only refuge for someone."
 * The UK Royal College of Psychiatrists has called for the Council of Child Internet Safety—a UK government advisory body—to expand its definition of harmful online content to include pro-ana sites, and to inform parents and teachers of the dangers of pro-ana, arguing that "the broader societal context in which pro-ana and pro-mia sites thrive is one where young women are constantly bombarded with toxic images of supposed female perfection that are impossible to achieve, make women feel bad about themselves and significantly increase their risk of eating disorders."
 * The National Eating Disorders Association (NEDA) "actively speaks out against pro-anorexia and pro-bulimia websites. These sites provide no useful information on treatment but instead encourage and falsely support those who, sadly, are ill but do not seek help." NEDA has also warned that journalists often glamorize anorexia by associating anorexia with personal self-control and that media coverage of pro-ana often triggers the already-anorexic by mentioning weights and calorie counts and by showing photographs of thin people.

Media
In October 2001, The Oprah Winfrey Show hosted a special on anorexia; the pro-ana movement was discussed briefly by the guest panel, who expressed alarm at the appearance of pro-ana websites and recommended the use of filtering software to bar access to them.

In July 2002, the Baltimore City Paper published an investigative report into pro-ana on the web.

"Growing up Online", a January 2008 episode of the PBS Frontline television program, also featured a brief discussion of pro-ana.

The 2009 novel Wintergirls features a protagonist with anorexia, who at one point in the novel seeks support from a pro-ana forum, referring to the people there as “her sisters” and “the only people that understand”.

In April 2009, The Truth about Online Anorexia, an investigative documentary about pro-ana on the Internet, aired on ITV1 in the UK presented by BBC Radio 1 DJ Fearne Cotton.

In April 2012 speech at Harvard University, Vogue Italia editor Franca Sozzani conceded that the fashion industry may be a cause of the recent rise in eating disorders, but that the industry was being unfairly singled out for blame: "How can all this be possibly caused by fashion? And how come that Twiggy, who would be surely considered an anorexic today, did not arise controversy in the Sixties and did not produce a string of anorexia followers?" According to Sozzani, pro-ana sites were more effective at promoting eating disorders, and obesity was the more pressing public health problem that food industry was not being likewise attacked for exacerbating.

The existence of pro-ana blogs and forums was featured in the 2014 Lifetime film Starving in Suburbia, which starred Polish actress Izabella Miko as "ButterflyAna", a beautiful model and moderator on the internet who promotes anorexia religiously to the followers of her blog. This entices teenager Hannah (Laura Wiggins) to become severely anorexic; this was also the first Lifetime film to address the subject matter of anorexia among men and boys, when Hannah's brother, Leo, is revealed to suffer from anorexia and later dies due to health complications from the disorder.

Arts

Thirty-two kilos, an exhibition by photographer Ivonne Thein, went on display at the Berlin Postfuhramt art exhibition center in May 2008 and the Washington Goethe-Institut in January 2009, featuring photographs of young women digitally manipulated to appear skeletally thin. Thein said that the photographs were intended as a mocking and satirical take on pro-ana. However, many images from the exhibition were nevertheless later shared online as thinspiration.

Social networking services
In July 2001, Yahoo—after receiving a letter of complaint from ANAD—began removing pro-ana sites from its Yahoo Clubs (now Yahoo Groups) service, stating that such sites endorsing self-harm were violations of its terms of service agreement.

LiveJournal has not made a position statement on pro-ana. In August 2007, however, a staff member declined to act on an abuse report filed against a pro-ana community hosted on its network, stating that: "Suspending pro-anorexia communities will not make anyone suffering from the disorder become healthy again. Allowing them to exist, however, has several benefits. It reassures those who join them that they are not alone in the way they feel about their bodies. It increases the chance that the friends and loved ones of the individuals in the community will discover their disorders and assist them in seeking professional help." Facebook staff seek out and regularly delete pro-ana related groups. A spokesperson for the online service has stated that such pages violate the site's terms of service agreement by promoting self-harm in others.

MySpace does not ban pro-ana material and has stated that "'it's often very tricky to distinguish between support groups for users who are suffering from eating disorders and groups that might be termed as 'pro' anorexia or bulimia. Rather than censor these groups, we are working to create partnerships with organisations like b-eat.'" MySpace has chosen instead to cycle banner advertisements for pro-recovery organizations through pro-ana members' profiles.

In November 2007, Microsoft shut down four pro-ana sites on the Spanish-language version of its Spaces social networking service at the behest of IQUA, the Internet regulatory body for Catalonia. A Microsoft spokesperson stated that such sites "infringe all the rules on content created by users and visible on our sites".

In September 2008, San Sebastián-based Spanish-language web portal Hispavista removed its pro-ana forums at the request of the provincial prosecutor for Guipúzcoa and the Children's Ombudsman of Madrid, who stated that "while not illegal, the harmful and false information in such forums being disseminated to minors will impair their proper development."

In February 2012, after consulting with NEDA, the blog-hosting service Tumblr announced that it would shut down blogs hosted on its microblogging service which "actively promote or glorify self harm," including eating disorders, and display warnings with names of organizations that can help facilitate recovery in people affected by eating disorders, on searches for common pro-eating disorder terms. Despite this, Tumblr remains a large hub for pro-ana microblogging. Pinterest, a social photo-sharing site, similarly amended its TOS in March 2012 to ban pro-ana content, but was similarly unsuccessful. Instagram followed suit and announced in April 2012 that it would summarily disable any accounts on its photo-sharing service with pro-ana specific hashtags on images.

TikTok's algorithm has been criticized for amplifying pro-ana content.

Politics
In the United Kingdom, 40 MPs signed an early day motion tabled in February 2008 by the then Liberal Democrats member for Cheadle, Mark Hunter, urging government action against pro-ana sites. The motion was timed to coincide with the UK National Eating Disorder Awareness Week.

In the United Kingdom, Jo Swinson, the Liberal Democrat member for East Dunbartonshire, called for advertisers to voluntarily adopt similar disclaimers in an adjournment debate in October 2009, and later in an early day motion tabled in February 2010. She has stated that such "photos can lead people to believe in realities that, very often, do not exist," and that "when teenagers and women look at these pictures in magazines, they end up feeling unhappy with themselves."

In April 2008, a bill outlawing material which "provokes a person to seek excessive thinness by encouraging prolonged restriction of nourishment" was tabled in the French National Assembly by UMP MP Valérie Boyer. It imposes a fine of €30,000 and two years imprisonment (rising to €45,000 and three years if there was a resulting death) on offenders. Health minister Roselyne Bachelot, arguing for the bill, stated that "giving young girls advice about how to lie to their doctors, telling them what kinds of food are easiest to vomit, encouraging them to torture themselves whenever they take any kind of food is not part of liberty of expression." The bill passed the National Assembly, but stalled in the Senate, where a June 2008 report by the Committee of Social Affairs emphatically recommended against such legislation and instead suggested early-screening programs by schools and physicians.

Boyer subsequently introduced another bill in September 2009 to mandate disclaimers on photographs in which body parts have been retouched, with the aim of reducing the impact of unrealism in photography on young girls and women. The bill was ostensibly targeted at advertising photography but could be broadly applicable to digitally manipulated photography in general, including thinspirational montages. It imposes a penalty of €37,500 per violation, with a possible rise to 50% of the cost of each advertisement. The bill did not pass its first reading and was relegated to the Committee of Social Affairs.

In April 2009, Dutch Minister for Youth and Family André Rouvoet called for click-through warnings to be added to all pro-ana sites on Dutch hosting services, citing a successful trial of such warnings by blog host punt.nl in 2006. The Dutch Hosting Provider Association, however, has stated that "the Internet is simply a reflection of a world with many undesirable things", and that its members cannot be held responsible for monitoring and disclaiming all hosted content.

In March 2012, the Israeli Knesset passed a bill sponsored by Kadima MK Rachel Adato and Likud MK Danny Danon requiring advertisements which have been retouched to alter the body shape of models to fully disclose the fact. The bill, which applies to both foreign-produced and locally produced advertising, also sets a lower BMI limit for models featured in advertisements of 18.5 (the threshold of underweight under World Health Organization guidelines).

Popular culture
In a November 2009 interview with Women's Wear Daily, model Kate Moss gave a popular thinspirational slogan as her motto: "Nothing tastes as good as skinny feels." Moss came under widespread criticism—particularly by eating disorder recovery organizations—for endorsing pro-ana. Her agency, Storm, stated: "This was part of a longer answer Kate gave during a wider ranging interview which has unfortunately been taken out of context and misrepresented." Still, Moss has been known in the fashion world to have helped popularize the "heroin chic" trend, which uses models with disheveled, ultra-skinny, and waif-like body types on the runway.

title: Pro-ana


text:
Talk:Skateboarding trick

Criticism
I have never edited wikipedia before so I don't know the correct protocol or whatever but I had to say something, this article is terrible! it is childishly written and contains much inaccurate information. to be honest I get the impression that it was largely written by someone who got most of their knowledge from videogames.

in a sport where there is still disagreement over naming some of the most basic tricks, it is ridiculous to even consider splitting things up and categorising in such a definite way. at the very least it has to be mentioned that there is no standardised system of naming tricks. many groups and individuals have their own terminology, many people wrongly believe they have invented tricks, many people attempt to name minor tricks that people have been doing for years.

this article needs to be flagged as unreliable —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.177.171.110 (talk) 01:11, 18 December 2009 (UTC)

Broken links
It would be nice if links like http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skateboarding_trick#The_Loop from Bam_Margera's page were fixed to work again.

The precedingThere needs to be one of two things done: A. We need to have a gigantic list of links to their respective pages for each trick B. We need to have every search for a trick routed to the point on this page where the description lies.
 * All the links on this page are to short one sentence definitions. Those articles should be transferred here onto the same page. --Jiang 21:33 21 Jul 2003 (UTC)
 * I disagree. There is now quite a lot of content if you combine all the subpages, which would make this article too long. Angela 20:28 28 Jul 2003 (UTC)
 * see? Angela was right, lol. This page could do with some patient copyediting by some literate skateboarder, if there are any who aren't too busy skating whilst reading or whatever that type of folk do.  Cheers on the interesting article, anyway!Pedant 18:30, 2004 Nov 11 (UTC)
 * yeah, great to see somebody has started it. freestyle section could be more in-depth, let's see if i remember to come back. .~.

I intend to create a separate page for each trick (that contains trick description and hopefully "trick tip" style advice on how to execute one) and when this page no longer contains trick descriptions (only links to the trick pages) the links will be removed and replaced with a reference to the category page. Tp 13:23, 24 Mar 2005 (UTC)

The article should be split into:

 * Ollies and flip tricks
 * Aerials (skateboarding)
 * Grabs (skateboarding)
 * Grinds (skateboarding)
 * Slides (skateboarding)
 * Lip tricks
 * Freestyle tricks, and
 * um, Miscellaneous tricks? Wouldn't it be weird to have a Miscellaneous tricks page? How do other categories with a Misc. section usually do this? --unforgettableid | talk to me 13:23, 6 February 2006 (UTC)
 * I've edited the list of tricks down, I'm not sure if the sub-articles should be created just yet. We will wait and see. --Liface 06:10, 17 February 2006 (UTC)

I added the "Freestyle" category. Someone must have removed it before.[DCardella]

Peer review
Flamingo should not be on that list of names for this trick, a flamingo is an entirly differant trick.
 * Figure 4, Calf Wrap, Flamingo,...

These entries need editing and peer review:

Slides section:

 * Under slide
 * This is a very hard trick done by ollieing next to a rial, then put the rial under your board and on top of your wheels.

Lip tricks section:

 * Primo stall
 * This is done by doing a primo on the coping of the ramp. Very hard very impresive

 * BAM
 * This trick is done by doing a Disaster, jump up spin 180 and land on the board while it is still in a Disaster.

Miscellaneous tricks section:

Tre flip (also called a 360 flip)
 * When a skateboard does a 360 pop shove it and a kick flip at the same time. You also have to land on the board. Note: I"m not very good at writing, but i do skate and this trick is very popular and should be revised and posted.

 * Turtle
 * This trick is done by laing on the board withyour butt on the nose and feet in the air and do a pivot on your butt.

 * Pivot shovit
 * This trick is done by doing a manual and while in a manual move one foot back and the other foward so your board does a 180 and you jump up so you don't spin and land on your board.

I think mention of landing Salabanzi should be made, that is when you land with your legs crossed. Bastien Salabanzi did not invent this, so the nomenclature is perhaps not correct. It is usually called to crossfoot or pretzel in my experience.
 * Salabanzi

 * Truck to Wrap Around
 * It's like a caveman but before the caveman its a wrap around-wrapping your front foot around the board, and flipping it with your hand while doing the wrap around. Mostly a fun trick to do for goofing around.

 * Half Cab Impossible
 * Invented by Rodney Mullen the rider starts in Fake position and with his front foot [remember it will look like his back foot] the rider will lift it oof and place it under the tail [nose in normal stance] and his other foot should be pressing the nose [tail in normal stance]. The rider pulls up the board with the foot under the tail and the front foot [back foot in normal stance] flips the board in an Impossible and the rider also does a Frontside 180 and lands it his or her normal stance. Other variations include a Half Cab Underflip [same setup and directions but instead the board does a Varial Flip] or a Half Cab Impossible Late Flip [same thing with a Kickflip at the end].

 * Grind Stall to Board
 * A grind stall on a moving board such as:

 * Board-on-Board
 * Nose-on-Board
 * Tail-on-Board
 * 50-50 Board
 * Nosegrind-on-Board
 * 5-0 on Board
 * Crook Board
 * Overcrook-on-Board
 * Feeble on Board
 * Smith on Board
 * Blunt Board
 * Noseblunt Board

I think the greatness of Chris Haslam, probably the next Rodney Mullen should be shown to the world.

 * Early Grab
 * It's grabbing the board like an Indy then pulling it up in the air.

 * Sproing
 * It's a difficult trick. First in Fakie position the rider pops the slides both feet off and the board either could do a 360 Shove-It, Inward Heelflip, or a 360 Flip and the rider just walkes along side it and once the board is done flipping, the ridder hops onto the board but it their normal stance.

 * Pole Jam
 * A really odd trick. It's done when a skater ride up to a crooked pole and 50-50's up it and over. SOme skaters can Pole Jam 180, Pole Jam to Manual, Pole Jam to Flip Trick, Pole Jam to Grab even Pole Jam Rock to Fakie.

 * Natas Spin
 * The Natas spin was invented by Natas Kaupas and involves going up to a Vertical pole, landing in the middle of the board and spinning around. 58.170.1.65 07:55, 18 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Penguin Walk
 * Turing sideways and walking on your nose the tail.

 * Samoan Squat
 * A Hang-Ten Nose Manual.

 * Primo Spin
 * A one footed Primo while spinning.

 * Pressure Flip
 * The board moves in the same way as in the inward heelflip, but the flipping is produced by applying pressure on the lateral part of the tail when popping. Also the 360 pressure flip.

 * Front-Foot Pick Up
 * It's a weird ollie. First the rider ollies but then lift's his back foot off the board and continues dragging his front foot up in the air. This trick is not very difficult but could take a while.

 * Sweeper
 * A Maneuver done on a transition ramp. Going frontside, the skater ollies frontside and grabs the nose, planting his/her foot on the coping of the ramp. The trick and then either be bomb dropped back into the ramp or bodyjarred (when the skater smacks his/her tail onto the coping and drops back into the ramp).

shouldnt there be something in this article about (at least) the 720 and the 900 degree spins, including Tony Hawk in some way? --Someones life 23:39, 31 October 2005 (UTC) The tricks performed by Tony Hawk, commonly called the 720 and 900, might be more properly called a fakie 720 mute air and a 900 mute air, since Hawk grabs mute when performing these tricks and rotates backside.
 * Spins section:

You're right, as opposed to 'stalefish' grabs; because I have seen Tony and this guy named Travis perform a 720 with a 'stalefish' grab (Amsterdam 1989). OR actually there should also be placed a part 'stalefish' (and 'lien', and 'sad'?) near almost every trick, or even as a sub-section. The first option might even bring new ideas to inventive skaters (!), but the second option might be more accurate for an encyclopaedia... 193.172.244.202 11:14, 15 March 2006 (UTC)

Splitting the article
The first thing I'm going to do, if there are no protests, is move the freestyle tricks into the page Freestyle skateboarding tricks. These tricks are very different from their street and vert counterparts and thus should be on a separate page. This will make the article shorter and alleviate some stress. --Liface 01:31, 18 February 2006 (UTC)

You're right. I have also started http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freestyle-skateboarding (in Dutch), so feel free to use the same pics and terms as a start. Of course there are also articles like http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/skateboarden and http://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/slalom_(skateboard) which link to eachother.193.172.244.202 11:21, 15 March 2006 (UTC)

Constant Vandalism
User 72. 229. 175. 84 keeps vandalizing the page and I am getting VERY VERY VERY ticked. How can I Report him? Can I block his access to this page, or do I have to report him( Admin please respond.)Ollie the Magic Skater 02:26, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

flip trick legend
I propose creating a legend for the flip tricks. It would look something like this:

 * Board Flip:
 * Board Spin:
 * Rider Rotation:

The flip field would have a heel/kick flip value, spin and rotation would have a frontside/backside value, all would have a degree value, and would be measured as compared to a stationary observer.

ex: 360 Flip
 * (text description)

 * Board Flip: 360 degrees kick
 * Board Spin: 360 degrees backside
 * Rider Rotation: none

Big Spin:
 * (text description)
 * Board Flip: none
 * Board Spin: 360 degrees backside
 * Rider Rotation: 180 degrees backside

Or it could be broken down into parts of the trick:

Underflip: Part 1:
 * (text)
 * Board Flip: 270 degrees kick
 * Board Spin: none
 * Rider Rotation: none

Part 2: --GreenRiot 21:40, 5 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Board Flip: 270 degrees heel
 * Board Spin: none
 * Rider Rotation: none

Laser Flip and 360 Heelflip
The Laser Flip IS a 360 heelflip.

Yep it is --JaySeizure 21:42, 12 January 2010 (UTC)

Everything merged!
I merged all the tricks into their own separate articles. This article is now a lot easier on the eyes. --Liface 18:24, 13 April 2006 (UTC)

Some Suggestions
I think this article should be called "skateboarding tricks" not "skateboarding trick" as in its present format it is a list of tricks.

It is also wrong to state that most tricks are based on the Ollie, the list of Miscellaneous tricks in the article shows this. Skateboarding is at least 40 years old - Mullen didn't adapt the Ollie to flatland until the early '80s. Hawk was the first to ollie into grabs on vert and he was ridiculed for a long time.

Maybe this article should be a general overview of the idea of performing tricks and a discussion of the slow progress from using skateboards as a toy and for transport, to the present day notion of 'tricks' within skating. Steve-g 14:33, 26 April 2006 (UTC)

the crapper
I have discovered a trick called "the crapper". This trick does not sound that hard but it is very difficult. First you must go up a ramp and when you are coming down from the ramp do two 360s, and then a kickflip. What do ya think? 12.73.121.92 21:43, 31 May 2006 (UTC)
 * No, not notable enough. Jasca Ducato 09:19, 1 June 2006 (UTC)

168.9.42.206 16:55, 22 September 2006 (UTC)== chippy == the act of poping the board up into the air while still riding catching it by the nose and walking off holding the board, most easily done by setting up like a heelflip(front foots toes hanging off the board) poping the tail like an ollie but instead of leveling out with your front front it slides off the board and onto the ground then you catch teh board and your back foot goes onto the ground and you continue moving forward by walking. i know very well that i did not invent this trick but there was previously no name for it, i started calling it a chippy and it has actually caught on in my town and on many skating websites/forums. is this notable enough?
 * Never heard of it. Got any links? --Liface 04:20, 19 June 2006 (UTC)

Uhmm..... definetly not a trick. Thats a way to just get off your board. i mean you could just stop pick up your board and call that a trick. wow........ Daniel Riley

Cleanup
This is a terrible page that needs to be cleaned up as soon as possible. I'm seeing a lot of gender-specific words ("grabs his board" mainly) and neutrality concerns ("is an essential trick to learn"), but the main deal is that the list of skateboarding tricks is on the same page as the section that explains what a skateboarding trick is. It's fairly obvious that this article should be split somehow, don't you think? Let's just move the list to another article, yeah?

I would have been bold and all that and done it myself, but the cleanup tag on the page told me to bring it here.

--Burstroc 06:49, 9 July 2006 (UTC)
 * I originally split it into all the different sections depending on types of tricks. How else would you recommend splitting it? I agree it needs a lot of cleanup. Over the past year I've done a lot, but I've just been too lazy to do it all the way because it's so time-consuming. --Liface 07:07, 9 July 2006 (UTC)

 * The list of skateboarding tricks should probably have its own page, is all. One can link to said list from this page under a "See also" header or something. --Burstroc 17:44, 9 July 2006 (UTC)

 * I'd like to see the article split into two also. The first half of the article is good as each section links to a more in depth page. The second half, 'Miscellaneous tricks' needs to be put somewhere else, I think. Can any of those tricks be incorporated into other sections? Steve-g 17:03, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

Gender neutrality
Changed the gender-specific words in this article. Mostly "his back foot" to "the back foot" since the referenced "skater" is in singular so "back foot" can only be referencing the skaters back foot. Som "his" -> "his/her" thrown in for variation in the text.--Mnsc 13:37, 21 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Cleaned up Flip tricks (skateboarding), Aerials (skateboarding), Grabs (skateboarding), Grinds (skateboarding) with respect to gender. Left to do: Slides (skateboarding) and Lip tricks.--Mnsc 14:16, 21 July 2006 (UTC)

Merger (Backside stall)
The result was not to merge, content doesn't belong here. --B. Wolterding 10:08, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

User:Cornellrockey has proposed to merge Backside stall into here. Please add your comments below. --B. Wolterding 19:26, 3 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Merge . I support the merger since the article Backside stall is in a very bad state and might best be handled within a broader topic. I'm not completely sure whether Skateboarding trick, or rather a different article, would be the best place to merge it to. --B. Wolterding 19:26, 3 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Well, since it's not a skateboarding trick, me thinks the answer is no... Shreditor 00:31, 4 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Ooops... I was confused because someone had put the article into Category:Skateboarding tricks. --B. Wolterding 10:08, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

"Boneless"
"Boneless" redirects here yet the word is not mentioned. I think it should either be included or the redirect removed, though I don't actually know what the policy on redirects is. Matt 16:58, 30 July 2007 (UTC)

By Tristan and I Want to knew how to do tricks by tony hawk —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.197.67.238 (talk) 01:43, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

 * "Boneless" is explained on Freestyle skateboarding tricks as well as on Lip tricks, so I changed the redirect of Boneless to the former. --Angua (talk) 10:35, 25 February 2009 (UTC)

tit grab
when u grab ur tits and fall on your skates board at the same time. not only is it fun but it makes you happy. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Zxcmega12 (talk • contribs) 14:36, 9 November 2010 (UTC)

"Alley-oop (skateboarding)" listed at Redirects for discussion
A discussion is taking place to address the redirect Alley-oop (skateboarding). The discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2020 December 5 until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. A loose necktie (talk) 03:55, 5 December 2020 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Skateboarding trick


text:
User talk:Rbvermaa

The Levellers (band) may possibly be a copyright violation and is slated for deletion. (See article)

You are more than welcome to post original contributions. If you have questions or doubts of any sort, do not hesitate to post them on the Village Pump, somebody will respond ASAP. Other helpful pages include:
 * Welcome, newcomers
 * How does one edit a page
 * Manual of style
 * Naming conventions
 * --Jiang 21:38 21 Jul 2003 (UTC)

title: User talk:Rbvermaa


text:
Talk:Bill Bright

Untitled
Dr. Bill Bright

I have updated the statistics about the Jesus film from what appears to be the offical website http://www.jesusfilm.org/progress/statistics.html

I find the figure of 5 billion a little hard to believe. I haven't even seen this film let alone heard of it before. If that many people have seen it I would have at least expected to have heard about it. Anyway...

Some web pages list other figures such as http://www.soon.org.uk/country/portugal.htm say This amazing film has been seen by over 1 billion people around the world!

So I qualified it by listing the source of the information. -- Popsracer 21:45 21 Jul 2003 (UTC)

http://billbright.ccci.org/public/ is where I got the information on his organization webpage/ under public I would assume that this is for people / media to use the information. Smith03

 * Hmm... I'm not sure as to the copyright status of that page. Just because it is in /public does not mean that the text is public domain.  *shrug* --bdesham 01:22 22 Jul 2003 (UTC)

I don't see the pictures! Peter 08:55, 19 February 2007 (UTC)

Spiritual Laws
Why are the four spiritual laws not detailed? Alrich44 (talk) 16:40, 5 October 2014 (UTC)

Third party reliable sources would be needed. As of now I don't even know if it should have its own article or not, or how much prominence (if any) it should have in this article. Likely this article would have a more detailed history of his involvement of Campus Crusade for Christ, and then maybe a few sentences explaining his views on theology, including Four Spiritual Laws. It does not need to be overly detailed.

A good example of a third party reliable source would be the book "Bill Bright and Campus Crusade for Christ : the renewal of evangelicalism in postwar America".

http://books.google.ca/books?id=4Y57AYuZ6rEC&q=%22Four+spiritual+laws%22#v=snippet&q=%22Four%20spiritual%20laws%22&f=false

--Harizotoh9 (talk) 13:08, 7 October 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bill Bright


text:
User talk:Jason Fruit

Greetings! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you have questions or doubts of any sort, do not hesitate to post them on the Village Pump, somebody will respond ASAP. Other helpful pages include: Have fun! --Jiang 21:47 21 Jul 2003 (UTC)
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Your contributions for Eugene Ysaye seem to have been partly copied from http://members.tripod.com/~Bratschenspieler/YSAYE.HTM. This is a possible copyright infringement. If there was permission to use this material under terms of our license or if you are the copyright holder of the externally linked text, then please indicate so on this page's talk page (to access the talk page, click on Discuss this page in the sidebar). If there was no permission to use this text then please either replace this message with at least a good stub and an external link or leave this page to be deleted. (NOTE: unless a stub replaces this text, deletion will occur about one week from the time this page title was placed on the Votes for deletion page).

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Thanks, Jiang 02:11 22 Jul 2003 (UTC)

Note: I added a note that I was the author of http://members.tripod.com/~Bratschenspieler/YSAYE.HTM.

Your submission at AfC John Kent (hymnist) was accepted
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title: User talk:Jason Fruit


text:
User talk:Jpisello

Greetings! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you have questions or doubts of any sort, do not hesitate to post them on the Village Pump, somebody will respond ASAP. Other helpful pages include: Have fun! --Jiang 21:47 21 Jul 2003 (UTC)
 * Welcome, newcomers
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 * Manual of style
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title: User talk:Jpisello


text:
Cyril the Swan

Cyril the Swan is a fictional giant swan, the official mascot of Swansea City A.F.C.

Cyril was voted Best Mascot by readers of the BBC's Match of the Day magazine. His antics have got him into trouble with the police on several occasions (mainly for fighting with other mascots and stewards), and he has been accused of bringing the game into disrepute.

Highlights of his troublesome antics include removing the head of Millwall mascot Zampa the Lion, and drop-kicking it along the ground. On a Dutch TV documentary, when asked what he said to Zampa he replied "Don't fuck with the Swans". The Swan was fined £1000 for the incident.

Cyril appeared as the pet of the Emperor of China, in a British pantomime of Aladdin. As a mute swan, he does not give interviews.

Adrian Nielsen of Clubmascots created Cybil the Swan who married Cyril at the Vetch field on 2 April 2005, which led to Clubmascots producing a range of soft toys and merchandise in time for the move from the Vetch to the new Liberty Stadium; since then a full range of sports merchandise has been available for sale through the Swans shop.

title: Cyril the Swan


text:
Mountain Province

Mountain Province (Lalawigang Bulubundukin) is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is Bontoc. Mountain Province was formerly referred to as Mountain in some foreign references. The name is usually shortened by locals to Mt. Province.

The province was named so for being in the Cordillera Central mountain range found in the upper realms of Luzon island.

Mountain Province was also the name of the historical province that included most of the current Cordillera provinces. This old province was established by the Philippine Commission in 1908, and was later split in 1966 into Mountain Province, Benguet, Kalinga-Apayao and Ifugao.

The province is also known for its mummy caves, which contain naturally mummified bodies, and for its hanging coffins.

Spanish colonial era
The area of the Cordillera mountains proved difficult to control by the Spaniards. During the long Spanish rule, not much was done to bring the province under control. From 1566 to 1665, they sent expeditions to conquer the land but the rugged terrain and hostile indigenous population at the time were major obstacles to complete subjugation. The first serious effort to subjugate them was made in 1785 when soldiers were sent from Cagayan to put down a revolt of the Kalingas. A famous Spanish explorer, Guillermo Galvez, conducted more than 40 forays to the mountainous region.

Formerly called La Montañosa by the Spanish colonizers due to its mountainous terrain, the area was subdivided into 6 comandancias politico-militar.

American colonial era
On August 19, 1908, during the American rule, the Philippine Commission enacted Act No. 1876, which organized the entire area of the Cordilleras into one large province, named Mountain Province.

The first governor was Samuel Kane, and the town of Bontoc was made the capital. It was originally composed of the sub-provinces of Amburayan, Apayao, Benguet, Lepanto-Bontoc, Ifugao and Kalinga. Amburayan was later abolished in 1920 and its corresponding territories were transferred to the provinces of Ilocos Sur and La Union. Lepanto was also reduced in size and its towns were integrated into the sub-provinces of Bontoc and Benguet, and to the province of Ilocos Sur.

Philippine independence
Effective on April 7, 1967, Republic Act No. 4695 abolished the old Mountain Province, converting its sub-provinces into 4 independent provinces: Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga-Apayao and Mountain Province (corresponding to the former Bontoc sub-province).

Mountain Province would have been significantly affected by the Chico River Dam Project during the Marcos administration, as the Marcos regime's project would have flooded the municipalities of Sabangan, Sagada, Sadanga, Bontoc, Bauko, and parts of Barlig. However, the indigenous peoples of Kalinga Province and Mountain Province resisted the project and when hostilities resulted in the murder of Macli-ing Dulag, the project became unpopular and was abandoned before Marcos was ousted by the 1986 People Power Revolution.

On June 15, 1987, the Cordillera Administrative Region was established upon the issuance of Executive Order 220 by then-President Corazon Aquino, and Mountain Province was made one of its provinces.

Geography
Mountain Province covers a total area of 2,157.38 km2 occupying the central section of the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. The province is bordered on the north by Kalinga, east by Isabela, south by Ifugao, southwest by Benguet, west by Ilocos Sur, and northwest by Abra.

Situated within the Cordillera Central, Mountain Province is 83% mountainous while 17% make up hills and levels. The province has many rivers, waterfalls, mountains, and caves. The central and western areas of the province are characterized by rugged mountains and steep cliffs, while the eastern portion has generally sloping terrain.

Administrative divisions
Mountain Province comprises ten municipalities, all encompassed by a lone legislative district.

Barangays
Mountain Province has 144 barangays comprising its 10 municipalities.

As of 2010, the most populous barangay in the province is Poblacion in the municipality of Paracelis, with a total of 5,687 inhabitants. Balintaugan in the municipality of Bauko has the least population with only 144.

Demographics
The population of Mountain Province in the 2020 census was 158,200 people, with a density of undefined PD/km2.

Based on the 2000 census survey, Kankana-ey comprised NaN% (NaN) of the total provincial population of 140,339. Balangao/Baliwon came in second at NaN% (NaN), and Bontoc at NaN% (NaN). Other ethnicities were the Ilocano at NaN% (NaN), Applai at NaN% (NaN), Binontok at NaN% (NaN), and Kalinga at NaN% (NaN).

Catholicism
Anglicanism predominates in the province with approximately 60% adherence to other religions such as Roman Catholicism.

Others
Other groups include Members Church of God International (MCGI), Seventh-Day Adventist Church, Iglesia Filipina Indepiendente, Iglesia ni Cristo and Free Believers in Christ Fellowship. Mountain Province is the only predominantly Protestant province in the Philippines.

Tourism
The province has several rice terraces in seven of its different towns:

 * Ambasing Rice Terraces — Sagada
 * Bangaan Rice Terraces — Sagada
 * Bangen Rice Terraces — Bauko
 * Barlig Rice Terraces — Barlig
 * Bayyo Rice Terraces — Bontoc
 * Besao Rice Terraces — Besao
 * Bontoc Poblacion Rice Terraces — Bontoc
 * Bucas Rice Terraces — Besao
 * Bulongan Rice Terraces — Sagada
 * Dalican Rice Terraces — Bontoc
 * Fidelisan Rice Terraces — Sagada
 * Focong Rice Terraces — Sadanga
 * Kapayawan Rice Terraces — Bauko
 * Kiltepan Rice Terraces — Sagada
 * Maligcong Rice Terraces — Bontoc
 * Natonin Rice Terraces — Natonin
 * Sadanga Rice Terraces — Sadanga
 * Suyo Rice Terraces — Sagada
 * Tanulong Rice Terraces — Sagada

The mountainous province also offers excellent mountain climbing experiences with two of its mountains among the top 10 highest points in the Philippines:
 * Mount Kalawitan, 2,714+msl - Sabangan
 * Mount Amuyao or Mount Finaroy, 2,702+msl - Barlig

List of recent governors

 * 2001–2004 — Sario M. Malinias
 * 2004–2010 — Maximo B. Dalog
 * 2010–2016 — Leonard G. Mayaen
 * 2016–present — Bonifacio C. Lacwasan Jr.

title: Mountain Province


text:
File talk:Sagittarius constellation map.png

If this image is copyrighted, it should not be on Wikipedia. -- Wapcaplet 22:19 21 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * Please have a look at Copyrights, especially the section "Contributors' rights and obligations". -- Torsten Bronger 03:36 22 Jul 2003 (UTC)

From IFD
From WP:IFD: Not deleted. dbenbenn | talk 04:12, 22 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Image:Taurus constellation map.png - OB by commons:Image:Taurus constellation map.png. --EugeneZelenko 05:44, 13 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Image:Virgo constellation map.png - OB by commons:Image:Virgo constellation map.png. --EugeneZelenko 05:44, 13 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Image:Aries constellation map.png - OB by commons:Image:Aries constellation map.png. --EugeneZelenko 05:44, 13 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Image:Gemini constellation map.png - OB by commons:Image:Gemini constellation map.png. --EugeneZelenko 05:44, 13 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Image:Scorpius constellation map.png - OB by commons:Image:Scorpius constellation map.png. --EugeneZelenko 06:09, 13 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Image:Leo constellation map.png - OB by commons:Image:Leo constellation map.png. --EugeneZelenko 06:09, 13 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Image:Libra constellation map.png - OB by commons:Image:Libra constellation map.png. --EugeneZelenko 06:09, 13 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Image:Cancer constellation map.png - OB by commons:Image:Cancer constellation map.png. --EugeneZelenko 06:09, 13 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Image:Pisces constellation map.png - OB by commons:Image:Pisces constellation map.png. --EugeneZelenko 06:38, 13 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Image:Aquarius constellation map.png - OB by commons:Image:Aquarius constellation map.png. --EugeneZelenko 06:38, 13 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Image:Capricornus constellation map.png - OB by commons:Image:Capricornus constellation map.png. --EugeneZelenko 06:38, 13 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Image:Sagittarius constellation map.png - OB by commons:Image:Sagittarius constellation map.png. --EugeneZelenko 06:38, 13 May 2005 (UTC)
 * KEEP! The bigger pictures uploaded at the Commons are not so neat as the smaller pictures here on Wikipedia. Bigger is not better in this case. If the bigger pictures are desired to be retained at the Commons for any purpose, then they may be, else they can be deleted. If these pictures may be more useful at the Commons, then they should be moved there. But they should not be deleted. --Jamadagni 2005-05-20 09:32 UTC
 * keep If the reader of an constellation article follows the advice "click to enlarge", it would be bad to show him these sub-optimal bitmaps of Wikipedia Commons. Sub-optimal for two reasons: They are unnecessarily big, and they've been produced with smoothing off.  The maps are not very rich in detail anyway (for good reason), so it's pointless do make them bigger as they are now. Besides, star maps are language-dependent. – Torsten Bronger 14:55, 20 May 2005 (UTC)

The Wizard?
The caption says Sagittarius, the Wizard. Sagittarius is Latin for Archer, is it not?

By the way, all the constellation maps are upside-down compared to what I see in the sky. (From where I live in the Southern Hemisphere!). Iramoo Bearbrass 10:29, 18 October 2006 (UTC)


text:
M3

M3, M-3 or M03 may refer to:

Computing and electronics

 * Apple M3, a central processing unit in the Apple M series
 * Intel m3, a brand of microprocessors
 * M.3 (aka NF1/NGSFF), a specification for internally mounted expansion cards
 * Leica M3, a landmark 35mm rangefinder camera
 * Modula-3 (M3), a programming language
 * M3, a British peak programme meter standard used for measuring the volume of audio broadcasts
 * m3, a macro processor for the AP-3 minicomputer, the predecessor to m4
 * M3, a surface-mount version of the 1N4003 general-purpose silicon rectifier diode
 * M3 (email client), an unreleased email client for the Vivaldi browser

Entertainment

 * M3, a comic book created by Vicente Alcazar
 * M3 adapter, a Game Boy Advance movie player
 * M3 (Canadian TV channel), a music and entertainment television channel
 * M3 (Hungarian TV channel), a Hungarian television channel
 * M3: Malay Mo Ma-develop, a 2010 Philippine TV series
 * M3 Music Card, a 2007 flash-based MP3 player
 * M3 Perfect, M3 Simply and M3 Real, Nintendo DS and 3DS storage devices
 * M3: Sono Kuroki Hagane, a 2014 Japanese anime television series

Weapons

 * 37 mm Gun M3, a light American anti-tank gun
 * M3/M3E1 Multi-role Anti-armor Anti-tank Weapon System (MAAWS) (AKA: Carl Gustaf 8.4cm recoilless rifle), an 84 mm man-portable reloadable anti-tank recoilless rifle
 * 90 mm Gun M1/M2/M3, an American anti-aircraft and anti-tank gun
 * 105 mm Howitzer M3, an American light artillery piece
 * Benelli M3 Super 90, an Italian semi-automatic shotgun
 * M3 20mm cannon, a United States development of the Hispano-Suiza HS.404
 * M3 fighting knife, a World War II American issue knife
 * M3 machine gun, a variant of the M2 Browning
 * M3 submachine gun (AKA: Grease Gun), an American submachine gun
 * M3 tripod, a modern tripod for the M2 Browning machine gun
 * M3, a code name for a United States military mission at Roosevelt Roads Naval Station in Puerto Rico

Vehicles

 * M3 Amphibious Rig, a German self-propelled amphibious bridging vehicle
 * M3 Bradley, an American infantry fighting vehicle
 * M3 Gun Motor Carriage, American tank destroyer
 * M3 half-track, an armored military vehicle
 * M3 Lee, an American medium tank; also known as "M3 Grant" in Commonwealth service
 * Panhard M3 PTT, a French armored personnel carrier
 * HMS Raglan (M3), a WWI British Royal Navy monitor
 * M3 Ram, a Canadian cruiser tank
 * M3 Scout Car, an American armored vehicle
 * M3 Stuart, an American light tank
 * HSWMS Visborg, a Swedish Royal Navy mine layer
 * HSWMS M3, a Swedish Navy mine sweeper (1940–1955)
 * HMS M3, a British Royal Navy minelayer submarine of the post-WWI period

Music

 * Major third (M3), a type of musical interval
 * Major thirds tuning (M3 tuning), a regular tuning with major-third intervals between successive strings
 * Minor third (m3), a type of musical interval
 * M3 (album), a 1999 album by Mushroomhead
 * M3 (band), an American rock band
 * M3 Classic Whitesnake, a band featuring Bernie Marsden, Micky Moody and Neil Murray
 * M3 Records, a record label
 * Korg M3, a workstation synthesizer

Science and medicine

 * m3, the cubic metre, a unit of volume
 * M3, the minimal modular, but non-distributive lattice in mathematical order theory
 * ATC code M03, Muscle relaxants, a subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System
 * Messier 3 (M3), a globular cluster in the constellation Canes Venatici
 * Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3, an acetylcholine receptor
 * The M-3 (My Mood Monitor) Screen, a mental health symptom checklist

Air transport

 * ABSA - Aerolinhas Brasileiras IATA airline designator M3, a cargo airline based in Campinas, Brazil
 * Miles M.3 Falcon, a 1930s British four-seat cabin monoplane

Automobiles

 * Bisu M3, a Chinese MPV
 * BMW M3, a German compact performance car series
 * BYD M3, a Chinese MPV
 * Dongfeng Fengxing Lingzhi M3, a Chinese MPV
 * Haima M3, a Chinese subcompact sedan
 * JAC Refine M3, a Chinese MPV

Roads and routes

 * Eastern Freeway (Melbourne), part of the M3 in Victoria, Australia
 * EastLink (Melbourne), part of the M3 in Victoria, Australia
 * Highway M03 (Ukraine), an international highway connecting Kiev with Dovzhansky
 * M3 highway (Russia), another name for the Ukraine Highway in Russia
 * M-3 (Michigan highway), a state highway in the Detroit metropolitan area
 * M3 motorway (disambiguation), several roads
 * M3 (New York City bus), a New York City Bus route in Manhattan
 * M3 Milton–City Centre, a bus route in Glasgow
 * M3 (East London), a Metropolitan Route in East London, South Africa
 * M3 (Cape Town), a Metropolitan Route in Cape Town, South Africa
 * M3 (Pretoria), a Metropolitan Route in Pretoria, South Africa
 * M3 (Port Elizabeth), a Metropolitan Route in Port Elizabeth, South Africa
 * Route M-3 (MTA Maryland), a former bus route in Baltimore, Maryland
 * Jalan Datuk Wira Poh Ah Tiam, numbered M3 in Malacca, Malaysia
 * M3 Road (Zambia), road in Zambia

Rail transport

 * LCDR M3 class, a steam locomotive class of the London, Chatham & Dover Railway
 * M1/M3 (railcar), a Long Island Rail Road and Metro-North Railroad railcar
 * Sri Lanka Railways M3, a diesel-electric locomotive class of Sri Lanka Railways
 * Line M3 (Budapest Metro), the North-South Line of the Budapest Metro, Hungary
 * M3 (Copenhagen) (City Circle Line or Cityringen), a future expansion of the Copenhagen Metro
 * M3 (Istanbul Metro), a rapid transit line in the European part of Istanbul, Turkey
 * Milan Metro Line 3, a subway line serving Milan, Italy

Other uses

 * M3, an ISO metric screw thread size
 * M3 (economics), a measure of the money supply
 * M3 (hieroglyph), the Ancient Egyptian baker's tool hieroglyph
 * MLBB M3 World Championship, the third esports world championship for the mobile game Mobile Legends: Bang Bang held in 2021
 * M3, a difficulty grade in mixed climbing

title: M3