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Windsor, New York

Windsor is a town in Broome County, New York, United States. The population was 5,804 at the 2020 census.

The town is on the southern border of the county and is east of Binghamton. The town includes the village of Windsor, located on the Susquehanna River.

History
This area along the Susquehanna had long been settled by varying cultures of indigenous peoples, including those of the historic Iroquois Confederacy, who used the river for transportation, water and fishing. Around 1712 remnants of the Tuscarora tribe settled in the northern part of the town. Also an Iroquoian-speaking people, they had migrated from North Carolina, which they left because of warfare with English colonists and other tribes. In 1722, the Tuscarora were accepted by the Iroquois as the Sixth Nation of their political confederacy.

Their fortified village, Onaquaga, was an outpost of the British Colonies. A mission had been established there by the Indian Superintendent, Sir William Johnson. Mohawk and other allies of the British also became established there. Joseph Brant used it as a base for his Volunteers, which fought with the British during the American Revolutionary War. In retaliation for joint British and Iroquois raids on frontier communities, the Continental Army attacked and destroyed Onaquaga in October 1778.

It was 1785 before the region was settled again by new migrants, many of whom were Yankees from New England and veterans of the war. They formed the town of Windsor in 1807, the year following the formation of Broome County, from the town of Chenango. The town was reduced in size by the creation of two other new towns in 1821: Sanford and Colesville. In 1851, a small part of Windsor was used to help form the town of Conklin. For years the economy was based on agriculture.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Windsor has a total area of 240.9 sqkm, of which 237.6 sqkm is land and 3.3 sqkm, or 1.36%, is water.

The southern town line is the border of Pennsylvania. The Susquehanna River flows southward through the town.

New York State Route 17 and Interstate 86 is a major highway crossing the town from east to west. New York State Route 79, a north-south highway, intersects NY-17 at Windsor village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 6,421 people, 2,339 households, and 1,744 families residing in the town. The population density was 70.2 PD/sqmi. There were 2,793 housing units at an average density of 30.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.93% White, 0.59% Black or African American, 0.28% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.17% from other races, and 0.76% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.78% of the population.

There were 2,339 households, out of which 37.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.8% were married couples living together, 9.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.4% were non-families. 20.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.74 and the average family size was 3.15.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 29.5% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 29.0% from 25 to 44, 23.9% from 45 to 64, and 11.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $46,043, and the median income for a family was $61,028. Males had a median income of $41,224 versus $35,028 for females. The per capita income for the town was $28,182. About 4.2% of families and 5.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.1% of those under age 18 and 5.8% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the town of Windsor

 * Blatchley – A hamlet in the southwestern corner of the town.
 * Cascade Valley – A hamlet near the southern town line.
 * Damascus – A hamlet southeast of Windsor village on County Road 28, served by Exit 80 of NY-17.
 * Dunbar – A hamlet in the northwestern part of the town.
 * East Windsor – A hamlet northeast of Windsor village on County Road 233.
 * Edson – A hamlet south of Windsor village.
 * Flowers – A hamlet southwest of Windsor village.
 * Hawkins Pond Park – A park at the southern town line.
 * Lester – A location in the western part of the town.
 * Occanum – A hamlet west of Windsor village, served by Exit 78 of NY-17.
 * South Windsor – A hamlet south of Windsor village on NY Route 79.
 * State Line – A hamlet near the Pennsylvania border on Route 79.
 * Wake – A location near the eastern town line.
 * West Windsor – A hamlet near the western town line on NY-17 at the junction of County Road 217; access from NY-17's Exit 77.
 * Windsor – The village of Windsor is located by the Susquehanna River near the center of the town, with access from Exit 79 of NY-17. The village is the largest community in the town.

Notable people

 * Joel Bennett, former Major League Baseball pitcher
 * Joseph Brant, Mohawk leader during the American Revolutionary War
 * Joseph H. Brownell, member of the New York State Assembly
 * Jedediah M. Grant, leader and Apostle of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
 * James Hard, the last verified living Union combat veteran of the American Civil War
 * Giles W. Hotchkiss, former US congressman
 * Ralph Hungerford, 33rd Governor of American Samoa
 * Douglas H. Wheelock, US Army officer, NASA astronaut

title: Windsor, New York


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Allegany (village), New York

Allegany is a village in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. The population was 1,596 at the 2020 census. The village is in the eastern part of the town of Allegany, west of the city of Olean.

St. Bonaventure University is south of the village.

History
The village of Allegany was incorporated in 1906. It was formerly known as "Burton" until an unspecified time; there is a bar/hotel in town known as "The Burton".

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.85 sqkm, of which 1.83 sqkm is land and 0.02 sqkm, or 1.01%, is water.

The village is located north of the Allegheny River, and New York State Route 417 passes through the village. The Southern Tier Expressway (Interstate 86 and New York State Route 17) bypasses the village to the north, with access from Exit 24.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,883 people, 753 households, and 445 families residing in the village. The population density was 2,690.2 PD/sqmi. There were 833 housing units at an average density of 1,190.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 96.55% White, 0.53% Black or African American, 0.21% Native American, 2.02% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.11% from other races, and 0.53% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.69% of the population.

There were 753 households, out of which 27.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.7% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.9% were non-families. 29.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 20.6% under the age of 18, 16.9% from 18 to 24, 20.2% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 17.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 78.3 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $35,000, and the median income for a family was $51,354. Males had a median income of $39,844 versus $21,761 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,306. About 6.0% of families and 18.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.9% of those under age 18 and 13.0% of those age 65 or over.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Allegany (village), New York


text:
Allegany, New York

Allegany is a town in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. The population was 7,493 at the 2020 census.

The Town of Allegany is on the south border of the county, west of the City of Olean. There is a village named Allegany inside this town.

The origin of the name Allegany is uncertain. It may have come from the name of a tribe called Allegewi that lived along the Allegheny River's banks. It may also be based on a Native American word meaning "lovely" or "beautiful".

History
The town was first settled around 1820 by Ebenezer Reed, who moved from Connecticut. The Town of Allegany was formed on April 18, 1831, as the "Town of Burton" from a part of the town of Great Valley. On March 28, 1851, the name was changed to "Allegany.".

In 1836, part of Allegany was used to form the Town of Humphrey.

A new community to be called "Allegany City" was proposed in 1837 to be built south of the Village of Allegany, but the plan was halted after a planned railroad changed its route.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 71.7 square miles (185.6 km2), of which 71.2 sqmi is land and 0.5 sqmi (0.68%) is water.

The Allegheny River flows through the town. The Southern Tier Expressway (Interstate 86 and New York State Route 17) passes across the town. New York State Route 417 (Old State Road) parallels the Expressway, and New York State Route 16 passes through the southeast corner of the town.

The south town line is the border of McKean County, Pennsylvania.

Adjacent towns and areas
Allegany is bordered to the south by the townships of Foster and Otto in McKean County, Pennsylvania. The Towns of Hinsdale and Olean form the east boundary. Allegany shares its north boundary with the Town of Humphrey and its west boundary with the Towns of Great Valley and Carrollton.

2000 Census
At the 2000 census, there were 8,230 people, 2,599 households and 1,764 families residing in the town. The population density was 115.6 /sqmi. There were 2,862 housing units at an average density of 40.2 /sqmi. The racial make-up was 96.40% White, 0.79% Black or African American, 0.33% Native American, 1.32% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.26% from other races, and 0.87% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.94% of the population.

There were 2,599 households, of which 31.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.2% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.1% were non-families. 25.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 3.01.

19.6% of the population were under the age of 18, 26.6% from 18 to 24, 19.4% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 12.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.8 males.

The median household income was $38,818 and the median family income was $45,972. Males had a median income of $36,801 and females $24,420. The per capita income was $15,667. About 3.1% of families and 8.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.6% of those under age 18 and 7.5% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the Town of Allegany

 * Allegany – The village of Allegany in the eastern part of the town on NY Route 417 and south of the Southern Tier Expressway.
 * Chipmunk – A hamlet in the southwest part of the town at the intersection of Chipmunk and Flatstone Roads and the confluence of Chipmonk and Flatstone Creeks.
 * Crestview – A hamlet at the north border of Allegany village.
 * Four Mile – A hamlet near the east town line on NY Route 16.
 * Harrisburg – A hamlet in the southwest corner of the town along Harrisburg Run.
 * Knapp Creek – A hamlet in the southwest corner of the town on NY Route 16. It has the highest elevation of any populated place in New York, at 2349 ft. Knapp Creek once had its own ZIP Code, 14749; its post office was closed in 1996, and the U.S. Postal Service advises mail sent to Knapp Creek instead carry an Olean mailing address.
 * Nichols Run – A hamlet on NY Route 45 by the south town line near Harrisburg and Knapp Creek.
 * Pumpkin Hollow – A location near the north town line.
 * Rock City – A hamlet in the southwest corner of the town, so named for its impressive ocean spar rock exposures.
 * St. Bonaventure University – A college south of Allegany village.
 * Vandalia – A very small portion of this Allegany Indian Reservation hamlet enters the town of Allegany on its western border. The AIR's furthest upstream (eastern) border is slightly east of the town's western border.
 * Wing Hollow – northwest of Allegany village, location of a long defunct ski operation, with the trails still visible on the hillside.

Notable people

 * Leon Jacob Cole, geneticist, ornithologist
 * Terry Pegula, natural gas tycoon and professional sports owner; resided in Allegany during the 1980s
 * Charlie Reynolds, former MLB pitcher
 * Willard M. Smith, Civil War sergeant
 * Shawn Dubin, Pitcher, Houston Astros

title: Allegany, New York


text:
Ellicottville (village), New York

Ellicottville is a village in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. The population was 284 at the 2020 census. The village is named after Joseph Ellicott, principal land agent of the Holland Land Company. It lies in the southwest part of the town of Ellicottville and is north of the city of Salamanca.

History
The native name for this location was De-as-hen-da-qua, or "place for holding court".

The Holland Land Company opened an office in 1818. The community was the original county seat of Cattaraugus County in 1808, and public buildings were subsequently constructed.

The village of Ellicottville was incorporated in 1837. In 1868, the county seat was moved to the village of Little Valley.

The Ellicottville Historic District, Ellicottville Town Hall, and Jefferson Street Cemetery are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Ski slopes and tourism
The Holiday Valley ski resort is south of the village, and the Nannen Arboretum is north. Ellicottville is also home to the HoliMont Ski Club, the largest private ski club in North America. Because of the proximity to these two popular skiing destinations, Ellicottville is Cattaraugus County's primary tourist destination. Property values in the town and village of Ellicottville have gentrified rapidly and are, as a result, much higher than the rest of the county.

A major "Fall Festival" is held each year, coinciding with Canadian Thanksgiving weekend (most of Ellicottville's tourists come from Canada) and the peak of the leaf peeping season. Ellicottville has a large number of festivals throughout the year, including Mardi Gras (which, ironically, is always held during Lent), a "Rock'n'Oldies Weekend", a "Jazz and Blues Festival," and a "Taste of Ellicottville".

Other commerce
The village of Ellicottville has strict zoning regulations prohibiting most chain franchises from operating in the village; its central business district is occupied mostly by taverns, boutiques and various similar small businesses.

Two weekly newspapers are based in Ellicottville, Ellicottville Now and The Villager. The Villager dates to the mid-2000s. In addition to the weekly papers, a monthly tourism tabloid also originates in the village, which operates as Ellicottville Snowed-In during the winter and The Summer Local the rest of the year (its publisher also launched Ellicottville Now in 2020; that weekly paper is a spiritual successor to the Ellicottville Times and before that Special E-Fects, which dated as far back as 1992).

Louisville Slugger baseball bats were manufactured in Ellicottville for a number of years; after that company's departure, the factory building was converted into a bowling alley. Fitzpatrick & Weller, a wood products manufacturer, is the only currently operating factory in the village.

Education
Public school students attend Ellicottville Central School, the campus of which is in neighboring Great Valley.

Religion
Several churches operate in Ellicottville, including Roman Catholic, Lutheran, and Episcopal denominations. The local Free Presbyterian and United Methodist Churches merged into the "United Church of Ellicottville" in 1976.

Notable people

 * Charles Henry Bryan, former justice of the Supreme Court of California
 * John A. Bryan, former Ohio State Auditor
 * Staley N. Clarke, former US congressman
 * Brian Dunkleman, involved with television show American Idol; born on September 25, 1971, in Ellicottville
 * Cindy Oak, former US Ski Team member
 * Commodore P. Vedder, former New York state senator
 * Irv Weinstein, retired TV anchor, part-time resident until selling his house in 2014

Geography
Ellicottville is located in the southwest corner of the town of Ellicottville at 42.26667°N, -78.66667°W (42.2752, -78.6716).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.2 sqkm, of which 0.04 sqkm, or 1.65%, is water.

Great Valley Creek, a tributary of the Allegheny River, flows through the village along the eastern edges; a smaller creek, Elk Creek, flows through the middle of the village.

Ellicottville is at the convergence of County Roads 13 and 71, along with NY-242 and U.S. Route 219. In lieu of numbered or standard street names, most of the village's streets are named after presidents and first ladies of the United States from prior to 1828: (George) Washington Street, (Thomas) Jefferson Street, (John) Adams Street, (James) Madison Street, (James) Monroe Street, Martha Street (alluding to Martha Washington and/or Martha Jefferson Randolph), and Elizabeth (Monroe) Street. (Martin) Van Buren Street and (Millard) Fillmore Avenue were later additions to the grid.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 472 people, 242 households, and 129 families residing in the village. The population density was 565.2 PD/sqmi. There were 565 housing units at an average density of 676.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 99.58% White, 0.21% Asian, and 0.21% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.64% of the population.

There were 242 households, out of which 12.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.4% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.3% were non-families. 36.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.95 and the average family size was 2.47.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 12.9% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 22.9% from 25 to 44, 35.0% from 45 to 64, and 21.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.5 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $37,750, and the median income for a family was $43,750. Males had a median income of $36,750 versus $19,306 for females. The per capita income for the village was $22,348. About 10.1% of families and 12.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 24.6% of those under age 18 and 8.6% of those age 65 or over.

title: Ellicottville (village), New York


text:
Ellicottville, New York

Ellicottville is a town in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. The population was 1,317 at the 2020 census. The town is named after Joseph Ellicott, principal land agent of the Holland Land Company.

The town of Ellicottville includes a village also called Ellicottville. The town is in the north-central part of the county, north of the city of Salamanca.

History
The town was first settled circa 1815.

The Town of Ellicottville was established in 1820 from the town of Franklinville (then known as Ischua). The town lost some of its territory when the town of Ashford was formed in 1824. In 1858, a small part of the town was taken to aid the formation of the town of East Otto.

The Village of Ellicottville was formerly the county seat for Cattaraugus County. The county seat moved to Little Valley in May 1868.

The John J. Aiken House and Bryant Hill Cemetery are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Gentrification
Since the establishments of the Holimont and Holiday Valley ski resorts in the town, Ellicottville has seen massive gentrification as mostly Canadian ski enthusiasts have taken up part-time residences in the town. Property values in the town are significantly higher than in the rest of the county. Because the village has restrictive zoning laws that discourage national franchises from entering the village, these types of restaurants have located just outside the village limits. Also in Ellicottville is an unnamed dual-purpose venue that hosts the Ellicottville Championship Rodeo each Independence Day weekend and the Nightmare Hayrides in October.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 117.0 sqkm, of which 116.8 sqkm is land and 0.2 sqkm, or 0.21%, is water.

Great Valley Creek, a tributary of the Allegheny River, flows through the town. U.S. Route 219, linking the town to the suburbs of Buffalo to the north and to Salamanca to the south, passes through the town. New York State Route 242 runs east–west through the town, intersecting US 219 in the village of Ellicottville. New York State Route 240 ends at NY 242 in the hamlet of Ashford, in the northeast part of the town.

Adjacent towns and areas
Ellicottville is south of the town of Ashford. The west town line is shared with the towns of East Otto and Mansfield. Ellicottville is north of the town of Great Valley. Ellicottville's east town line is shared with the towns of Franklinville and Machias.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,738 people, 770 households, and 462 families residing in the town. The population density was 38.5 PD/sqmi. There were 2,097 housing units at an average density of 46.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.16% White, 0.17% Black or African American, 0.69% Native American, 0.35% Asian, 0.23% from other races, and 0.40% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.86% of the population.

There were 770 households, out of which 22.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.5% were married couples living together, 7.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.0% were non-families. 34.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 22.2% under the age of 18, 5.4% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 29.8% from 45 to 64, and 17.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $43,571, and the median income for a family was $50,813. Males had a median income of $40,000 versus $21,818 for females. The per capita income for the town was $23,291. About 5.5% of families and 7.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.9% of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the Town of Ellicottville

 * Ashford Junction – A hamlet near the east town line at the junction of NY Route 240 and NY Route 242.
 * Ellicottville – The village of Ellicottville is in the southwest corner of the town on US Route 219 and NY Route 242.
 * Fancy Tract – A location on the eastern town line in the north part of the town.
 * Holiday Valley – A ski resort south of Ellicottville village.
 * HoliMont – A semi-private ski resort west of Ellicottville village.
 * Plato – The hamlet is in the northwest corner of the town on County Road 75.

Points of interest

 * Nannen Arboretum – An arboretum north of Ellicottville village.

title: Ellicottville, New York


text:
Franklinville (village), New York

Franklinville is a village in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. The population was 1,740 at the 2010 census. The community was named after William Temple Franklin, an agent with the Holland Land Company and the grandson of Founding Father Benjamin Franklin. The village is in the northeast part of the town of Franklinville.

History
The community was founded circa 1806, while still in an area named "Ischua". The village of Franklinville was incorporated in 1874. The central core of the village is on the National Register of Historic Places as the Park Square Historic District. Also listed on the National Register of Historic Places is the Simeon B. Robbins House.

Geography
Franklinville is located at 42.33694°N, -78.45806°W (42.3370091, -78.4580762) and its elevation is 1591 ft.

According to the 2010 United States Census, the village has a total area of 2.85 sqkm, all land.

The village is located in the Ischua Valley, and Ischua Creek, a tributary of Olean Creek and part of the Allegheny River watershed, flows past the west side of the community. Gates Creek joins Ischua Creek south of the village, and Saunders Creek joins it north of the village. A wide part of Gates Creek, formed by a dam, creates a small lake southeast of the village.

The village is on conjoined NY-16 and NY-98. County Roads 17, 24, 46, and 69 also converge on the village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,855 people, 696 households, and 505 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,735.6/square mile. There were 756 housing units at an average density of (707.3/square mile;). The racial makeup of the village was 98.60% White, 0.32% Native American, 0.38% Asian, and 0.70% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.65% of the population.

There were 696 households, out of which 38.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.6% were married couples living together, 16.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.4% were non-families. 24.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 30.7% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 19.5% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.4 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $31,900, and the median income for a family was $36,711. Males had a median income of $27,093 versus $21,490 for females. The per capita income for the village was $13,600. About 7.7% of families and 11.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.3% of those under age 18 and 7.8% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Ten Broeck Academy and Franklinville Central School are located at 31 & 32 North Main Street. The academy was established in 1867 by Peter Ten Broeck, a native of Somerset County, New Jersey, a successful farmer and county judge. At the time of his death he left a trust fund of $60,000 to be used for the building of an academy to provide free education (at a time when few scholars had the opportunity of continuing with their education beyond the eighth grade) for high school students in the area, said academy to be known as the Ten Broeck Free Academy. The academy later became a part of the Franklinville public school system, and the stone foundation at the present high school building in Franklinville came from the original Ten Broeck Free Academy stone structure.

Industry

 * Cattaraugus Container
 * Ontario Knife Company

Notable people

 * Shirl Conway, TV and Broadway actress
 * Patricia McGee, former New York state senator
 * Wade Morton, former racecar driver
 * Kimberly Pressler, Miss USA 1999
 * Margaret Shulock, cartoonist
 * George E. Spring, former New York state senator

title: Franklinville (village), New York


text:
Franklinville, New York

Franklinville is a town in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. The population was 2,811 at the 2020 census.

Franklinville is an interior town, located in the northeast quadrant of the county. Franklinville is also the name of a village in the town.

History
The town was first settled around 1806 by Joseph McCluer and known then as McCluer Settlement.

The Town of Hebe was established in 1812 from the town of Olean, at the time the only town in the county, and consisted of the entire northern half of the county. The size of Hebe (later dubbed "Ischua," not to be confused with the current town of the same name to the south) was reduced by the formation of new towns in the county: Perry (the northwest quadrant, 1814), Ellicottville, Freedom and Yorkshire (1820), and Farmersville (1821). In 1824, the town was dubbed Franklinville after the recently deceased William Temple Franklin, an agent with the Holland Land Company in his later years and the grandson of Benjamin Franklin. Lyndon was split off from Franklinville in 1829.

Geography
Franklinville is located at 42.30556°N, -78.5°W (42.3054311, -78.4998726) and its elevation is 1991 ft.

According to the 2010 United States Census, the town has a total area of 51.985 sqmi, of which 51.812 sqmi is land and 0.173 sqmi is water.

New York State Route 16 and New York State Route 98 are important (basically north-south) highways in the town. New York State Route 242 cuts across the northwest corner of the town.

Ischua Creek flows southward through the town, having formed the Ischua Valley.

Adjacent towns and areas
Franklinville is west of the town of Lyndon and south of the towns of Machias and Farmersville. It is north of the towns of Humphrey and Ischua and east of the town of Ellicottville.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,128 people, 1,205 households, and 848 families residing in the town. The population density was 60.4 PD/sqmi. There were 1,569 housing units at an average density of 30.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.43% White, 0.10% Black or African American, 0.51% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.03% from other races, and 0.70% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.48% of the population.

There were 1,205 households, out of which 34.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.9% were married couples living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.6% were non-families. 24.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.5% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 26.3% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 14.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $31,992, and the median income for a family was $37,250. Males had a median income of $28,684 versus $21,618 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,035. About 9.8% of families and 13.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.9% of those under age 18 and 6.8% of those age 65 or over.

Franklinville has had an unusually stable population compared to other towns in the area; it has consistently hovered around approximately 3,000 residents since 1920.

Communities and locations in the Town of Franklinville

 * Cadiz – A hamlet south of Franklinville village on NY Route 16 by its junction with County Road 69. Cadiz was once the center of commerce for the area. The Ischua Creek hosted the mill and the post office in a house now owned by Brian Edmister. The original mill stones can still be seen across the street at the historical society. One of the mill stones is located near the creek under a fence post.
 * Devereaux – A hamlet in the northwest part of the town on NY Route 242.
 * Fancy Tract – A location in the northwest part of the town.
 * Fitch – A hamlet at the south town on County Road 19.
 * Franklinville – The village of Franklinville is in the northeast part of the town on NY Routes 16 and 98.
 * The Narrows – A hamlet west of Franklinville village on County Road 17.

Education

 * Ten Broeck Academy and Franklinville Central School – Established in 1867 by Peter Ten Broeck. Peter T. Ten Broeck, a native of Somerset County, New Jersey, was a successful farmer and county judge, and gave generously to the public of his funds and time. At the time of his death, he left a trust fund of $60,000 to be used for the building of an academy to provide free education (at a time when few scholars had the opportunity of continuing with their education beyond the eighth grade) for high school students in the area, said academy to be known as the Ten Broeck Free Academy. The academy later became a part of the Franklinville public school system, and the stone foundation at the present high school building in Franklinville came from the original Ten Broeck Free Academy stone structure.
 * New Life Christian School – Rte. 16, Franklinville, New York
 * Blount Library – Blount Library Inc. was opened formally on May 10, 1915. Colonel Henry F. Blount of Washington DC wrote a letter to George E. Spring, President of the Library Association. stating that he would give $5000 for the purchase of the Adams House and 132 feet of frontage on North Main Street. Application was also made to the Carnegie Corporation who also offered $2200 for the construction of the library. Carnegie Corporation's grant stipulated that the Town of Franklinville must contribute $660 annually to the upkeep of the library.

Churches

 * St. Philomena's Roman Catholic Church – 26 Plymouth Avenue, Franklinville, New York – first organized in 1873
 * First Baptist Church – South Main Street, Franklinville, New York – first organized in 1825
 * Presbyterian Church – 25 South Main Street, Franklinville, New York (closed in 2018)
 * St. Barnabas Episcopal Mission – North Main Street, Franklinville, New York
 * Free Methodist Church – South Main Street, Franklinville, New York
 * Christian & Missionary Alliance – Pine & Green Street, Franklinville, New York

Western New York Maple Festival
Held annually during the last weekend of April each year, the Western New York Maple Festival has occurred every year since its inception by the Franklinville JayCees in 1962. The festival attracts tens of thousands of visitors to the village annually. It showcases local area maple producers and their delicious maple syrup and maple products. The event is highlighted by a pageant, a parade, pancake breakfast, ham and leek dinner, trade show, craft fair and dozens of vendors.

Notable people

 * William H. Blyton, Wisconsin State Assemblyman
 * Patricia McGee, former New York state senator
 * Merlin Mead and other Underground Railroad people from Cadiz, Franklinville
 * Kimberly Pressler, Miss New York USA 1999 and Miss USA 1999
 * Myron H. Ranney, Medal of Honor recipient in the American Civil War

title: Franklinville, New York


text:
Little Valley (village), New York

Little Valley is a village and the county seat of Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. It is the location of the county fair (held in August in the fairgrounds north of the village). The village is in the northwest corner of the town of Little Valley, which is north of Salamanca. The village population was 1,084 at the 2020 census, out of a population of 1,740 within the entire town.

The village's name is a relative comparison of two tributaries (the other being the neighboring Great Valley) of the Allegheny River.

History
Prior to 1868, the village of Ellicottville was the county seat, but the presence of a railroad line in Little Valley prompted a move. The village of Little Valley was incorporated in 1876. The railroad line shut down around 1990.

The Little Valley post office is the only village structure listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The building is one of the newer buildings in the town, constructed in 1941 as project of the Works Progress Administration. Several other buildings (such as the Civil War Memorial Building in 1911 and the former Little Valley Central School building in 1921, as well as many of the houses) are significantly older than the post office.

Ira Joe Fisher, a daytime television personality and weather reporter, spent most of his childhood in Little Valley.

Politics and government
The village is operated by a village board that consists of a mayor, a deputy mayor, and three trustees. All serve four-year terms, and most of the board is up for re-election in the same year, meaning that two to three years can pass without any village board seats up for election.

The mayor of Little Valley is Jim Bowen, an independent. Bowen upset Norman Marsh, the longtime incumbent Republican mayor, in an election in March 2019; Bowen's term as mayor runs through March 2023. The village board consists of a deputy mayor and three other trustees, all elected at-large.

Public services
Fire service is provided through a local volunteer fire department, in operation since 1888. As of 2016, ambulance services are typically outsourced. Police services are provided directly by the Cattaraugus County Sheriff's Office.

Little Valley offers its own municipal electric service, through an affiliation with National Grid (formerly Niagara Mohawk), as well as municipal water, sewer, and streets departments.

Geography
The village of Little Valley is located in the northwest part of the town of Little Valley at 42.24944°N, -78.79972°W (42.249555, -78.799775).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.6 sqkm, all land.

Little Valley Creek, a tributary of the Allegheny River, flows past the northeast side of the village. A smaller creek, Lees Hollow, flanks Little Valley Creek on the southern side of the village. Another creek without a name flows through the middle of the Village. Historical records and maps do not indicate a name for this creek.

State routes NY-242 and NY-353 converge at the village. County Routes 5 and 14 enter the village from the north.

Bus service is provided to the village by Coach USA (on its Jamestown to New York City line) and the Seneca Transit System (on its Buffalo to Highbanks line).

The Pat McGee Trail runs through Little Valley and has a major stop at a former rail depot (now a pavilion) in the village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,130 people, 427 households, and 266 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,127.3 PD/sqmi. There were 513 housing units at an average density of 511.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 95.58% White, 1.86% Black or African American, 0.80% Native American, 0.09% from other races, and 1.68% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.77% of the population.

There were 427 households, out of which 32.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.8% were married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.7% were non-families. 32.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the village, the age distribution of the population shows 25.0% under the age of 18, 9.6% from 18 to 24, 31.7% from 25 to 44, 18.5% from 45 to 64, and 15.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 110.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.1 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $28,750, and the median income for a family was $31,875. Males had a median income of $27,500 versus $20,962 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,458. About 11.2% of families and 15.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.7% of those under age 18 and 7.4% of those age 65 or over.

Local commerce
Little Valley's main attraction is the Cattaraugus County Fairgrounds, the site of the annual county fair each August. It has historically hosted an annual "Freedom Daze" Fourth of July festival, horse shows and other miscellaneous events, and from 1997 to the late 2010s, operated as Little Valley Speedway, a motorsports stadium.

In 2001, the Little Valley Area Chamber of Commerce was founded. They host events such "Cheers to Little Valley" and sponsor "Christmas on Main Street". A Friends of Little Valley committee, also operating as Little Valley Happenings, formed in the early 2020s promoting community events in the village.

No national chain franchises operate in the village of Little Valley. Its storefront businesses as of 2024 include a convenience store, hardware store, two taverns, a laundromat, a regional bank, a credit union, a Chrysler/Dodge automobile dealership, an auto repair and collision shop, an insurance agency, and two hair salons. The local grocery store, originally an A&P in the 1960s and locally operated as Brooks Market from 1972 to 2017, went out of business during the retail apocalypse in January 2018; it was replaced by a grocery/convenience store relocating from Salamanca later that year, which closed in August 2019.

Media
One radio station, weather radio WWG32 (162.425), is licensed to the village. WWG32 is based at the National Weather Service offices at Buffalo Niagara International Airport in Cheektowaga. It has been off-air for an unknown length of time.

WGWE operated from 2010 to 2021, and intermittently in 2022, from a tower south of the village. The license, now with call sign WCGS, has operated as a repeater for Family Life Network since 2023.

Little Valley is part of the Buffalo television market. Due to the hilly terrain, strong rooftop directional antennae are required to receive over-the-air television since the digital transition in 2009. Breezeline is the local cable provider, with wireline high-speed internet available through them or Armstrong, which began servicing Little Valley in the early 2020s through an existing but abandoned fiber-optic cable, thereby ending Breezeline and its predecessors' long monopoly over broadband in the village.

Historical business
The cutlery industry was a major driver of the village of Little Valley's early economy. Cattaraugus Cutlery Company was the last surviving knife manufacturer in the village; it remained there until closing its doors in 1963, with its factory remaining standing and vacant until its destruction in a 2015 fire. W. R. Case & Sons Cutlery Co. was spun off from Cattaraugus in 1905, and that company remains in business, now based in Bradford, Pennsylvania.

Three weekly newspapers have operated out of Little Valley; the first was the Cattaraugus Republican (founded 1867, originally based in Ellicottville, but later acquired by the Salamanca Press), the second was The Little Valley Hub (operated from 1881 to 1968), and the most recent was the County Chronicle, which printed from 1992 to 2007, with some of the earlier years being based in Salamanca.

The Crosby's convenience store chain was founded in Little Valley in 1966, where its first store opened. The store was sold to a Lockport-based company in 2006, which used the Crosby's name for all of its stores after the purchase. Crosby's continues to have a store in Little Valley; its original location, a Quonset hut, has since been decommissioned.

Bush Industries operated a factory in the village until it closed in 2007.

Pirshlo, Inc., a regional franchisee of Uni-Marts and a proprietor of several other businesses (including the Chronicle), operated in the village from the late 1990s to 2007, when Pirshlo's owner, Lloyd Long, was arrested and later convicted of tax evasion in a dispute with the Seneca Nation of Indians. The Little Valley Uni-Mart is now owned by Crosby's.

Religion
Four churches operate within the village bounds: a Wesleyan Church, a congregational church, an independent Methodist church (Bridge of Hope, which separated from the United Methodist Church circa 2023), and a King James Only Independent Baptist church (Grace Bible Baptist). The village is also served by various churches surrounding the village in the towns of Little Valley and Mansfield.

The local Catholic Church, St. Mary's, closed in the late 2000s as part of the church's overall U.S. downsizing effort, and all of its congregation was directed to the identically named St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church in Cattaraugus. The Lutherans also had a church in the village that was closed shortly after the closure of St. Mary's; its church building is now owned by Grace Bible Baptist.

Education
Public school students attend Cattaraugus-Little Valley Central School in Cattaraugus. Little Valley Central School operated in the village until 2000, shortly after voters approved a merger with Cattaraugus Central School. The district continued to operate an elementary school in the village until 2012 when it was controversially closed. The former school building is currently used by the county for offices it cannot accommodate at the county center; the former school's alumni association maintains a small museum in one of the rooms.

Grace Christian Academy, which is affiliated with Grace Bible Baptist, operates a small private Christian school in the village.

Sports and recreation
Little Valley features teams in Little League Baseball and softball, as well as youth soccer. The Valley Thunder baseball club represented the village in Town Team Baseball in 2014, playing its games in Cattaraugus due to the lack of a regulation field in the village or town of Little Valley. The Thunder folded in 2015; that year and the next, a slow-pitch softball team represented the village in a local league also based in Cattaraugus.

The village supported the Little Valley Panthers youth football squad. Through 2014, the team played and practiced in Little Valley; in 2015, it was forced to move its games to Cattaraugus, and in 2016, the team was merged with Cattaraugus's.

The village has three public parks: a small unnamed park in the center of the village, Bicentennial Park on the village's west side adjacent to the County Center, and Eric Peters Memorial Park on the east side of the village. Memorial Park encompasses a public swimming pool, a walking trail, beach volleyball court and Little League Baseball diamond. An additional state-owned park and pavilion is located on the Pat McGee Trail. The Lyle Underwood Memorial facility includes a weight room and, when weather permits, an ice skating pond; the weight room was dismantled after a private investor opened up a commercial gym elsewhere in the village in 2023.

title: Little Valley (village), New York


text:
Little Valley, New York

Little Valley is a town in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. The population was 1,672 at the 2020 census. The town is named after its local geographical setting, a relative comparison of two tributaries (the other being the neighboring Great Valley) of the Allegheny River.

The town of Little Valley is centrally located in the county, north of the city of Salamanca. The town contains a village also named Little Valley, which is the county seat.

History
The first settlement was made circa 1807, but was vacated due to frontier warfare in the War of 1812; settlement resumed in 1816, after the war ended. The town of Little Valley was formed in 1818 by splitting the town of Perry, which at the time covered the entire western half of the county. The northwest quadrant of the county became Perrysburg, while the southwest quadrant became Little Valley (also known as the town of Elkdale); at the same time, the town of Great Valley was split off from Olean, and the two towns' proximity and comparable topography gave the towns their names. Little Valley was once an important rail station on the Erie Railroad and notable for its cheese and dairy industry. The location of the railroad resulted in moving the county seat to the village of Little Valley, which was also later connected to Salamanca by a streetcar line.

The towns of Conewango (1823), Napoli (1823), Mansfield (1830), New Albion (1830), and Bucktooth (1855, renamed Salamanca in 1864) were all formed from Little Valley.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 77.2 sqkm, of which 0.02 sqkm, or 0.02%, is water.

New York State Route 242 and New York State Route 353 are major truck roads through the town. They converge at Killborn Corners just east of the village of Little Valley. County Routes 88 (Baker Road) and 96 (Killborn Corners Road) act as bypasses. County Route 15 (Dublin Road), which picks up where Route 88 leaves off, continues northeast parallel to Route 242 between Little Valley and Ellicottville. County Routes 5 and 14 start in the northwest corner of the town and head toward New Albion and East Otto, respectively.

The Pat McGee Trail, a hiking and snowmobile rail trail that follows the path of the now-removed railroad, runs through the town parallel to Route 353. The Conservation Trail, a subset of the Finger Lakes Trail (itself a subset of the North Country Trail), passes through the town connecting the state forests therein; the two trails share a roughly one-mile wrong-way concurrency in the town.

Little Valley Creek flows through the town, as does a small tributary named Lees Hollow in the west central part of town. Whig Street Creek runs northeast-to-southwest across the town.

Adjacent towns and areas
Little Valley is north of the town of Salamanca and south of the town of Mansfield. The town is east of the town of Napoli and west of the town of Great Valley; a series of hills separate Little Valley and Great Valley, and they can only be traveled between each other directly through one seasonal highway (Mutton Hollow Road) or by a network of pedestrian, bicycle and horse trails. (Otherwise, major highways run through either Salamanca or Ellicottville.)

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,788 people, 688 households, and 462 families residing in the town. The population density was 59.7 PD/sqmi. There were 845 housing units at an average density of 28.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 95.92% White, 1.29% Black or African American, 1.23% Native American, 0.06% from other races, and 1.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.23% of the population.

There were 688 households, out of which 30.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.7% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.8% were non-families. 28.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 23.8% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 29.1% from 25 to 44, 22.9% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 109.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $31,000, and the median income for a family was $37,361. Males had a median income of $30,100 versus $21,897 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,191. About 8.8% of families and 14.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.5% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the Town of Little Valley

 * Bucktooth State Forest – A small portion of this state forest crosses the southwestern corner of Little Valley.
 * Elkdale – A hamlet near the south town line on NY Route 353.
 * Elkdale State Forest – A small state forest between Little Valley and Elkdale.
 * Killborn Corners – A small knoll and fork in the road (known locally as "The Y") that divides NY 353 and NY 242.
 * Little Valley – A village in the northwest corner of the town that serves as the county seat.
 * Little Valley Creek – A stream that flows southward through the town and empties into the Allegheny River in Salamanca.
 * Little Rock City – A location in the southeast part of the town, named after an unusual geological formation, called by various names such as "Salamanca Rock City" or "Rock City State Forest" (to distinguish it from Rock City Park in the Town of Olean). Legally known as the Rock City and McCarty Hill State Forests, which includes the rock city as well as several square miles of forest land covering most of the eastern half of the village.
 * Salamanca – A small, unpopulated part of the city of Salamanca juts northward into the southeastern region of the town. The anomalous spur primarily exists to cover the city's drinking water supply, which is located along the spur.

Attractions and organizations
Attractions and organizations in the town of Little Valley (not counting those in the village) include:

 * An American Legion post (531), west of the village
 * A Veterans of Foreign Wars/AMVETS post (VFW 8734/AMVETS 8735), east of the village
 * The Cattaraugus County Department of Public Works building, located southwest of the village on Route 242
 * Valley View Baptist Church, a church near Killborn Corners
 * Whig Street Church, a nondenominational church (formerly United Brethren) located on Whig Street in the southeastern portion of the town
 * Little Valley Wesleyan Church, a church located on the town/village line across from the Cattaraugus County Fair Grounds on Route 353
 * Little Valley Riders Club, a horseback riding organization
 * Legion Field, located just west of the American Legion post, previously leased by Little Valley Central School for athletic events. The Little Valley Panthers youth football team used Legion Field as their home through 2013, while soccer and baseball/softball teams also used the field regularly (both the Legion Field diamond and a softball diamond on the Riders Club grounds were mostly abandoned after the construction of a new ballpark in the village; Legion Field's diamond remains usable). Cattaraugus-Little Valley Central School mostly abandoned the field in 2013 and was sold off to private ownership in 2016. A local adult flag football league continues to use the field for athletic purposes.
 * The Crosspatch, a horse ranch
 * Elkdale Country Club, an 18-hole golf course

title: Little Valley, New York


text:
Olean (town), New York

Olean is a town in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. The name is derived from the Latin word "oleum" due to the discovery of crude oil in nearby Ischua.

The town of Olean is in the southeast corner of the county. The city of Olean, originally the village of Olean, is bordered by the town on three sides.

History
The area of Olean was first settled circa 1805. The town of Olean was established in 1808 from Batavia as the first town in the county. The northern part of the county was spun off as the town of Hebe in 1812; the western part became the town of Perry (later Perrysburg) in 1814, Great Valley was formed in 1818, Hinsdale in 1820, and Portville in 1837.

The village of Olean was originally named "Hamilton", after Alexander Hamilton. The United States Postal Service imposed the name Olean in 1817 to prevent confusion with Hamilton, Madison County, New York; no municipal law was ever passed changing the name. The name "Olean" was suggested for the area due to the oil found in the vicinity. The famed Wenro Oil Spring, discovered by the Franciscan missionary Joseph de La Roche Daillon in 1627, was located approximately 14 mi upstream (northeast) of Olean Point. The original town hall burned in 1884, prompting a law that forbade wooden structures in parts of the town.

Notable inhabitants of the town have included Claude Allen, an Olympic athlete, and Catharine Young, a New York state senator.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 77.0 sqkm, of which 76.7 sqkm is land and 0.3 sqkm, or 0.43%, is water.

The Allegheny River flows west through the town. The south town line is the border of Pennsylvania. The Southern Tier Expressway (Interstate 86 and New York State Route 17), New York State Route 16, and New York State Route 417 pass through the town.

Adjacent towns and areas
(Clockwise)
 * Hinsdale [[Image:North.svg]]
 * Portville [[Image:Boxed East arrow.svg]]
 * Eldred Township, McKean County, Pennsylvania [[Image:South.svg]]
 * Allegany [[Image:West.svg]]

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,029 people, 827 households, and 564 families residing in the town. The population density was 68.5 PD/sqmi. There were 891 housing units at an average density of 30.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.88% White, 0.34% Black or African American, 0.15% Native American, 0.79% Asian, and 0.84% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.34% of the population.

There were 827 households, out of which 29.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.5% were married couples living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.7% were non-families. 25.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.2% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 26.9% from 45 to 64, and 15.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $36,288, and the median income for a family was $47,232. Males had a median income of $35,947 versus $23,641 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,265. About 7.1% of families and 10.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.6% of those under age 18 and 6.1% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the Town of Olean

 * Baldwin Heights – A district in northern Olean.
 * Barnum – A hamlet by the south town line on County Road 29.
 * Four Mile – A community at the west town line, located on NY-16.
 * Haydenville – A hamlet on the eastern town line on County Road 92.
 * Mount Herman – A steep hill on the south side of the river, formerly the area's first ski resort.

title: Olean (town), New York


text:
Olean, New York

Olean is a city in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. Olean is the largest city in Cattaraugus County and serves as its financial, business, transportation and entertainment center. It is one of the principal cities of the Southern Tier region of Western New York.

The city is surrounded by the town of Olean and is located in the southeastern part of Cattaraugus County.

History
The first European in the area was possibly Joseph de La Roche Daillon, a missionary and explorer from Canada. La Roche reported on the presence of oil near Cuba, the first petroleum sighting in North America. At that time the area was a part of the territory of the Wenrohronon or Wenro Indians, an Iroquois speaking people. In 1643, the Wenro tribes became the first victims of a series of brutal conflicts known as the Second Beaver War.

The area was first settled by Europeans around 1765, called by the Indian name Ischua. Officially, this was illegal, as the British had declared the land in the Allegheny River watershed to be part of the Indian Reserve after conquering the territory in the French and Indian War two years prior. The surface is a hilly upland, separated into two distinct parts by the valley of the Allegheny. The highest points are 500 to 600 ft above the valley. During the American Revolutionary War, the 1779 Sullivan Expedition established the first road to what would become Olean, blazing a trail to what is now Kittanning, Pennsylvania along the path of what is now New York State Route 16.

Originally the entire territory of the county of Cattaraugus was called the Town of Olean, formed March 11, 1808. As population allowed, the county was split in half and the top half was called "Hebe", and was taken off in 1812, a part of Perrysburgh in 1814, then Great Valley in 1818. Hinsdale formed in 1820, and Portville in 1837, leaving the current boundary of Olean that lies upon the south line of the county, near the southeast corner. The area remained sparsely populated until 1804, when Major Adam Hoops acquired the land and gave it its modern name. Hoops was a surveyor and Revolutionary War veteran, and was politically connected with Robert Morris, the financier of the Revolution. Along with Morris, Hoops became involved with the Holland Land Company, which was settling western New York.

This was a time of great western expansion into places such as Ohio and Indiana. Since neither canals nor railroads had become widespread by this point, the main means of travel was either by cart or small-boat travel. The Allegheny River was a major transportation route. Hoops believed that a great city could be created at the confluence of the Allegheny and one of its tributaries and went looking for the right spot. In 1804 he found a spot where Olean Creek meets the river; the confluence was important as it was the farthest point downstream in the state before hitting the Seneca Reservation that surrounded most of New York's piece of the river. Hoops received title to 20000 acre from the Holland Land Company in 1804. Hoops' brother Robert came to the site and built the first permanent structure near today's Forness Park, calling the area Hamilton in honor of Alexander Hamilton.

In a letter to Joseph Ellicott in 1804, Hoops discusses the name Olean from the local Oil Springs and the Latin word oleum: Canandaigua, N.Y., April 15, 1804 "To Joseph ELLICOTT, Esq., Batavia, New York. Dear Sir,―It was proposed to me at New York to drop the Indian name of Ischue or Ischua (it is also spelt other ways). Confusion might arise from the various spellings, of which to obviate all risk I have concluded so to do as proposed. The neighborhood of the oil spring suggests a name different in sound, though perhaps not different in meaning, which I wish to adopt,―it is "Olean." You will do me a favor by assisting me to establish this name. It may easily be done now by your concurrence. The purpose will be most effectually answered by employing the term, when occasion requires, without saying anything of an intended change of name. To begin, you will greatly oblige me by addressing the first letter you may have occasion to write to me, after I receive the survey, to the Mouth of Olean. The bearer being properly instructed, there will be thereafter no difficulty. Your co-operation in the matter (the effect of which, though not important in itself, may be so on account of precision) will oblige. Your servant, A. HOOPS The Post Office recognized the new town as "Olean Point". The site was surveyed by 1808, and a map from that year shows a basic street pattern that still survives, along with most of the modern street names. In 1823, the city is called Olean, without the "Point", on county maps.

In 1854 Olean was formally incorporated by the New York State Legislature, and the trustees elected at the first subsequent town meeting were Lambert Thithney, C.B.B. Barse, Charles Thing, and John K. Comstock. Enos C. Brooks was appointed clerk of Olean.

Timber and railroads
Adam Hoops's dream of creating a major transportation hub on the Allegheny River, on the scale of a Buffalo or a Pittsburgh, was never realized and he himself died in poverty. Nonetheless, Olean prospered and was soon the central town of the region. Olean grew quickly as a transportation hub for migrants taking the Allegheny River into Ohio. For much of this era Olean was larger and better known than its northern competitor Buffalo. This period ended with the creation of the great canals, especially the Erie Canal in 1825. The Allegheny River was usually too shallow for the larger steamboats to navigate, except in the spring, and only two steamboats—the Allegheny in 1830 and the New Castle of 1837—reached the city. A Genesee Valley Canal was extended to Olean and the Allegheny River in 1862, but the Allegheny's shallowness and the rise of the railroads rendered it obsolete before it even opened.

Timber was a major industry in New York and Pennsylvania between 1830 and 1850, and Olean was the chief timber town in the region during those times. After river travel declined Olean became the regional railroad hub. The town was the crossroads of several railroads, a situation which endures into today with the Western New York and Pennsylvania Railroad.

Olean was the home of several corporations. During the late-19th century, Olean had a few mills, a bicycle company, a manufacturer of mechanical pumps and a glass works, among other factories. St. Bonaventure University was founded just outside town in 1858. Olean was incorporated as a village in 1854, and as a city in 1893. Olean was a rival of the comparably-populated, but much newer, city of Salamanca, New York at the turn of the 20th century, but the decline of the timber industry in southwestern Cattaraugus County and complications with Salamanca being situated on borrowed Seneca Nation land allowed Olean to continue growing while Salamanca declined.

Oil and rum-running
Oil was first discovered in the region by a French explorer in 1632, but it was rediscovered for commercial use during the Pennsylvania oil rush. Oil became the city's claim to fame for fifty years.

Olean was the railroad and pipeline hub for the surrounding oil region. The operations HQ of Standard Oil's New York affiliate, Socony, was based in the city. Oil produced on both sides of the state line (e.g. in Bradford, Pennsylvania) would be transported to Olean for rail travel. For a short time, Olean was the world's largest oil depot, complete with a "tank city" on the edge of town. A pipeline was also built linking the city to Standard Oil refineries in Bayonne, New Jersey. The oil industry maintained a presence in the city until 1954, the same year in which Olean's population peaked.

Oil also produced Olean's highest-ranking politician. Oil executive Frank W. Higgins was governor of New York in 1905–1907. Higgins' family owned grocery stores in the area, and Higgins also ran this business before his political career. To this day, Olean is one of the few smaller cities in New York State to be home to a governor.

Olean garnered notoriety as a major stop on bootlegging routes during Prohibition through the 1920s until 1933. Dempsey, the Chief of Police, did not condone these thugs or their illegal activities. He did not aggressively pursue arrests, however, unless he had evidence that the violator was responsible for a crime committed in his jurisdiction. As long as you kept your nose clean in the Olean City limits, it was a "safe haven". Local stories relating to this period are numerous. Some are documented and some are legends. Olean, located on a back-road route between Chicago and New York City, was often frequented by famous mobsters of the era. Al Capone of Chicago, probably the most famous gang leader of the time, visited Olean in pursuance of his illegal endeavors. Olean was nicknamed "Little Chicago" in the press, due to its connection with mobsters and bootleggers, and Capone was a frequent visitor.

Today
In September 1968, Olean was the first city in the United States to install video cameras along its main business street in an effort to fight crime.

Olean is the largest city in Cattaraugus County. The city's population peaked at an estimated 25,000 during the mid-1950s. The current population of the city is around 15,000.

Geography
Olean is located in southeastern Cattaraugus County at 42.0825°N, -78.43083°W (42.08264, -78.430965).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 16.0 sqkm, of which 15.3 sqkm is land and 0.7 sqkm, or 4.19%, is water.

The city is located where Olean Creek flows into the Allegheny River and by the Southern Tier Expressway (Interstate 86 and New York State Route 17). New York State Route 417 passes east–west through the city and intersects New York State Route 16, a north–south highway.

Climate
As a result of its higher elevation, Olean has a cooler humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb) than the larger western New York cities with hot-summer humid continental climates (Dfa).

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 15,347 people, 6,446 households, and 3,803 families residing in the city. The population density was 2,588.0 PD/sqmi. There were 7,121 housing units at an average density of 1,200.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the city was 93.31% White, 3.47% Black or African American, 0.43% Native American, 0.89% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.43% from other races, and 1.45% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.24% of the population.

There were 6,446 households, out of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.0% were married couples living together, 13.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.0% were non-families. 35.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.97.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.6% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 22.3% from 45 to 64, and 17.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,400, and the median income for a family was $38,355. Males had a median income of $32,341 versus $22,469 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,169. About 13.9% of families and 15.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.5% of those under age 18 and 10.2% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

 * Cutco is headquartered in Olean and manufactures all of its knives in the city.
 * Dresser-Rand's North American headquarters was in Olean.
 * Hysol Corporation, later bought by Dexter Corporation and then Henkel was one of Olean's largest employers. Henkel sold the company to SolEpoxy in 2010.
 * Colonial Radio Group was headquartered in Olean from 2009 to 2018. It has since exited the region and moved to the Carolinas.
 * Olean General Hospital, is part of Upper Allegheny Health System (UAHS), which includes Bradford Regional Medical Center (BRMC) in Bradford, Pennsylvania. UAHS provides care to a service area with more than 160,000 individuals in Southwestern New York and Northwestern Pennsylvania.
 * Olean Wholesale Grocery, a regional grocery wholesaler, was located just east of the city. It was bought out by C&S Wholesale Grocers with intent to close the facility in 2019.

Education
Olean has two elementary schools, East View Elementary and Washington West Elementary; a middle school, Olean Intermediate Middle School; and Olean High School is the city's public high school. It was the site of the 1974 Olean High School shooting.

Archbishop Walsh Academy is Olean's Roman Catholic school for grades K-12.

A branch of Jamestown Community College is within the city. St. Bonaventure University is a few miles to the west in the town of Allegany.

Sports
Bradner Stadium, originally built in the 1920s, is a multi-purpose stadium which for years was once the home to the minor-league baseball teams the Olean Oilers. However, in 2012 the Olean Oilers were recreated. The Oilers currently play in the New York Collegiate Baseball League or NYCBL and won the League Championship in 2015 and 2016.

Between 1908 and 1916, Olean hosted minor league baseball preceding the Oilers. The Olean Refiners played as a member of the Class D level Interstate League. Beginning in 2017, the "Olean Oilers," have continued play in the New York Collegiate League, a summer collegiate baseball league.

Olean is also the home of the Southern Tier Diesel adult amateur football team.

Bradner Stadium also hosts the Olean High School football team. The Huskies play all of their home games in the stadium located in East Olean.

Historic sites
The following are listed on the National Register of Historic Places: Beardsley-Oliver House, Conklin Mountain House, Oak Hill Park Historic District, Olean Armory, Olean Public Library, Olean School No. 10, St. Stephen's Episcopal Church Complex, Temple B'Nai Israel, Union and State Streets Historic District, and the United States Post Office.

The Church of St Mary of the Angels on Henley Street was built in 1915 and was designated by Pope Francis as a basilica in 2017.

Transportation
Interstate 86 spans east–west and is to the northern edge of Olean. New York Route 16 heads north from Olean to Buffalo. New York Route 417 heads east from Olean. Until 1968, the Pennsylvania Railroad operated the Buffalo Day Express heading north from Washington, D.C., through Olean to Buffalo (the Baltimore Day Express operated on the southbound version of the route). The Penn Central railroad operated an unnamed successor train through Olean from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania to Buffalo between 1968 and May 1, 1971, when passenger train service in the region ended with the inception of Amtrak.

Since 2001, the former Erie Lackawanna Railway mainline between Hornell, NY and Meadville, PA has been operated by the Western New York and Pennsylvania Railroad, a shortline railroad that has also operated portions of the former Pennsylvania Railroad Buffalo Line, both north and south of its Olean headquarters, since 2007.

Until January 6, 1970, the Erie Lackawanna Railroad operated through Olean with the Chicago - Hoboken, New Jersey " Lake Cities": the last passenger train to traverse the entire Southern Tier. The Erie and the PRR train stations were about 1 mi apart.

The nearest general commercial airports with scheduled flights for the public are in Erie, Buffalo and the Elmira area.

Sports

 * Claude Allen, Olympic athlete
 * George Capwell, soccer manager
 * Eddie Donovan, New York Knicks head coach (1961–1965), head coach, St. Bonaventure University, 1954–1961
 * Bob Lanier, Basketball Hall of Fame player, St. Bonaventure University player (1967–1970), Detroit Pistons player (1970–1980), Milwaukee Bucks (1980–1984)
 * John McGraw, Baseball Hall of Fame player and manager
 * Darwin Peters Jr., racing driver
 * John Wojcik, former MLB player
 * Louis Zamperini, World War II prisoner of war survivor, inspirational speaker, and former American competitor in the Olympics.

Arts

 * Beverly Bower, opera singer
 * Pandora Boxx, drag queen
 * Bill Easley, saxophonist
 * JG Faherty, science fiction author
 * Jeff Fahey, actor
 * Donald Innis, architect who invented the floating airport
 * Bobby Johnston, film composer, musician
 * Robert Lax, poet
 * Grace Marra, musician
 * Thomas Merton, religious writer
 * Meg Saligman, muralist
 * Jon Serl, folk artist
 * Tom Stephan (aka Superchumbo), remix artist
 * Peter Tomarken, host of the game show Press Your Luck, was born and grew up in Olean
 * Clifford Ulp, art professor

Politics

 * Augustus Barrows, Wisconsin lumberman and legislator
 * Chauncey J. Fox, New York State senator
 * Edward M. Gabriel, United States ambassador to Morocco
 * James F. Hastings, Republican U.S. congressman, 1969–1976
 * Frank W. Higgins, 35th governor of New York from 1905 to 1906
 * Sarah E. Kellogg, politician, postmaster, and real estate agent; served in California's 51st State Assembly district
 * Frederick S. Martin, early Republican congressman
 * Timothy H. Porter, 19th-century U.S. Congressman
 * Heather Tully, nurse and member of the West Virginia House of Delegates
 * James C. Willson, 12th mayor of Flint, Michigan
 * Catharine Young, New York state senator

Other

 * George G. Lundberg, pilot
 * Joe Mayer, founder of the town of Mayer, Arizona
 * Hamilton Hobart Stow, oil well operator
 * Hiram Northup, banker

title: Olean, New York


text:
Perrysburg (CDP), New York

Perrysburg is a hamlet, census-designated place, and former village in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. The population was 401 at the 2010 census. It is named after Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry. The community is in the south-central part of the town of Perrysburg. The hamlet is west of Gowanda.

History
A settlement has been located in the general area of the current village since the early 19th century. Early settlers included veterans of the War for American Independence and the War of 1812, who had used their pensions to buy farmland through the Holland Land Company. The village of Perrysburg was incorporated in 1916. Both the village and the town have been spelled "Perrysburgh" in the past.

By 1880, the population of the village of Perrysburg was about 400, with many more living in the surrounding town. It was also a station stop on the New York & Erie Railroad.

In 1910, the city of Buffalo, beset by the public scourge of tuberculosis, purchased almost 300 acre of land adjacent to the village using proceeds from Mayor James Noble Adam's personal fortune, for the purpose of establishing the Buffalo Municipal Hospital for Incipient Tuberculosis. The facility opened in 1912 and later became the J. N. Adam Memorial Hospital. The presence of the hospital led to a dramatic increase in the local population with the arrival of medical professionals, hospital workers and people visiting patients at the facility.

Since the hospital closed its doors, a popular local legend holds that a stained glass dome in the Hall Rotunda was salvaged from the Temple of Music at Buffalo's Pan-American Exposition. However, a visual comparison between the surviving dome and this rendering shows no resemblance between the two.

On March 16, 2010, voters approved, by a 60-9 margin, a referendum to dissolve the village into the town of Perrysburg. The dissolution took effect at the end of 2011. Perrysburg joined Randolph, East Randolph and Limestone among Cattaraugus County villages that voted to dissolve within a six-month span, with all but Limestone having approved their dissolutions on March 16.

Geography
Perrysburg is located at 42.45778°N, -79.00083°W (42.457801, -79.000855).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.6 sqkm, all land.

The village is at the junction of NY State Route 39 and County Road 58, the former northern terminus of NY 353.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 408 people, 146 households, and 96 families residing in the village. The population density was 413.5 PD/sqmi. There were 162 housing units at an average density of 164.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 93.87% White, 0.98% Black or African American, 3.68% Native American, 0.74% from other races, and 0.74% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.98% of the population.

There were 146 households, out of which 31.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.6% were married couples living together, 14.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.2% were non-families. 30.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 20.3% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 29.2% from 25 to 44, 29.4% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.5 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $37,045, and the median income for a family was $43,125. Males had a median income of $36,406 versus $24,219 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,190. About 7.9% of families and 24.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.5% of those under age 18 and 42.9% of those age 65 or over.

title: Perrysburg (CDP), New York


text:
Perrysburg, New York

Perrysburg is a town in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. The population was 1,515 at the 2020 census. The town is named after Commodore Oliver Hazard Perry and is located in the northwest corner of the county. The town contains the census-designated place also named Perrysburg, formerly an incorporated village.

History
The town of Perrysburg was formed in 1814 as the "town of Perry" from the towns of Hebe and Olean. It originally consisted of the entire western half of the county and was created because the county did not yet have a centralized government; Hebe and Olean were administered as part of Allegany County. Perry was governed as part of Niagara County (which at the time also covered the entirety of what is now Erie County) until Cattaraugus County achieved self-government in 1817.

In 1818, the same year Little Valley and Great Valley were split off to govern the southwest part of the county, the town changed its name to "Perrysburgh". Eventually, likely at the behest of the United States Board on Geographic Names during the Benjamin Harrison administration in the 1890s, the spelling became "Perrysburg." Over the course of the 19th century, the town was divided to form what are now all of the towns in northwestern Cattaraugus County: Dayton, Persia, Otto, East Otto, Mansfield, New Albion, and Leon.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 73.9 sqkm, of which 73.6 sqkm is land and 0.3 sqkm, or 0.44%, is water.

The northern border is Cattaraugus Creek with Erie County on the opposite bank. The western border is Chautauqua County.

The town's geographic location results in frequent and heavy lake-effect snow events during the fall and winter. It is often the site for maximum snowfall accumulations. A hill rising to over 1600 ft on the southern edge of the town contributes to orographic enhancement, intensifying snowfall. From December 10 through December 17, 2013, nearly 7 ft (84 in) of snow fell on the town, with the majority of it being lake-effect snow. Some locals have named Perrysburg the snow capital of Western New York.

New York State Route 39 is an east-west highway through the town.

Adjacent towns and areas
To the west is the town of Hanover in Chautauqua County. The southern border is formed with the town of Dayton. The eastern border is the town of Persia and the village of Gowanda. The northern border is formed with the Cattaraugus Reservation and the town of Brant in Erie County.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,771 people, 685 households, and 487 families residing in the town. The population density was 62.1 PD/sqmi. There were 752 housing units at an average density of 26.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 94.52% White, 0.34% Black or African American, 3.39% Native American, 0.06% Asian, 0.34% from other races, and 1.36% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.62% of the population.

There were 685 households, out of which 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.1% were married couples living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.8% were non-families. 24.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.87.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 22.3% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 28.0% from 25 to 44, 26.6% from 45 to 64, and 16.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $37,212, and the median income for a family was $44,231. Males had a median income of $34,028 versus $23,828 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,453. About 7.1% of families and 13.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.7% of those under age 18 and 14.1% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the Town of Perrysburg

 * Balltown – A hamlet near the town's western border with the town of Hanover in Chautauqua County.
 * Cattaraugus Creek – A stream that forms Perrysburg's northern border with the towns of Collins and Brant in Erie County.
 * Cattaraugus Indian Reservation – A reservation of the Iroquois (more commonly known as the Seneca Nation of Indians), which is partially in the town. As a part of the Seneca Nation, the reservation is a semi-autonomous sovereign territory, and generally not within the jurisdiction of the town or the state of New York.
 * Perrysburg – The census-designated place and former village of Perrysburg in the south-central part of the town, located on NY Route 39.
 * Versailles – This hamlet, a former milling community, using the power of Cattaraugus Creek, is located in the northeast corner of the town. The community is east of the junction of County Roads 42 and 58.
 * West Perrysburg – The hamlet is located by the Cattaraugus Reservation on County Road 78 in the western part of the town.

Notable people

 * Herbert E. Farnsworth, Medal of Honor recipient
 * Warren B. Hooker, former US congressman
 * Martha McBride Knight, founding member of the Female Relief Society of Nauvoo of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints
 * Vinson Knight, early leader in the Latter Day Saint movement
 * Tucker Lowes, post Reconstruction indentured servant, serving as first mate on the Dawn Treader
 * Freeman Nickerson, early missionary in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints
 * Phil Ochs, folk-protest singer
 * Sonny Ochs, radio host
 * Burr Sprague, Wisconsin jurist and legislator

title: Perrysburg, New York


text:
Portville (village), New York

Portville is a village in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. It is in the southern part of the town of Portville and southeast of Olean. The village population was 916 at the 2020 census, out of a population of 3,730 in the entire town of Portville.

History
The community, located along the Allegheny River, was first settled in 1813, with the village of Portville being incorporated in 1895. The former Genesee Valley Canal reached its southern terminus at Portville. A fire destroyed most of the business district in 1875. The village was incorporated in 1895. Portville Free Library and William E. Wheeler House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Notable people
Audrey Payne (dob:3/28/1984) completed Appalachian Trail in 2018. YouTube backpacker personality @Audreyadventures. Author of Where the Rhododendrons Bloom (2024).

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.1 sqkm, all land. The village is on the east side of the Allegheny River and is split by Dodge Creek, which flows into the river.

New York State Route 305 and New York State Route 417 pass through the village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,024 people, 416 households, and 270 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,261.8 PD/sqmi. There were 454 housing units at an average density of 559.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.54% White, 0.59% Black or African American, 0.20% Native American, 0.29% from other races, and 0.39% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 0.39% of the population.

There were 416 households, out of which 35.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 13.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.9% were non-families. 32.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.11.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 29.7% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 25.1% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 18.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 80.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.6 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $31,210, and the median income for a family was $40,060. Males had a median income of $30,885 versus $21,563 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,166. About 11.1% of families and 14.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.8% of those under age 18 and 13.3% of those age 65 or over.

title: Portville (village), New York


text:
Portville, New York

Portville is a town in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. The population was 3,504 at the 2020 census. The name is derived from the town's early role in shipping lumber and other items down the Allegheny River. It was formed in 1837 from the town of Olean.

Portville is in the southeast corner of the county, southeast of the city of Olean. The village of Portville is the largest settlement in the town.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 93.3 sqkm, of which 92.2 sqkm is land and 1.2 sqkm, or 1.24%, is water.

Portville is located in the southeast corner of the county. Its eastern town line is the border of Allegany County, and its southern town line is the McKean County, Pennsylvania, border.

The Allegheny River flows through the south part of the town. Oswayo Creek joins the Allegheny south of Portville village, and Dodge Creek joins the river in the village.

New York State Route 305 (running north–south) and New York State Route 417 (running east–west) pass through the town.

Adjacent towns and areas
Eldred and Ceres townships in McKean County, Pennsylvania, are south of Portville. The towns of Clarksville and Genesee in Allegany County form the eastern boundary. The town of Olean is on the west, and the town of Hinsdale is to the north.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,952 people, 1,545 households, and 1,121 families residing in the town. The population density was 110.9 PD/sqmi. There were 1,693 housing units at an average density of 47.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.93% White, 0.76% Black or African American, 0.15% Native American, 0.23% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.20% from other races, and 0.71% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.68% of the population.

There were 1,545 households, out of which 34.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.5% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.4% were non-families. 23.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.3% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 26.4% from 25 to 44, 24.9% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $37,284, and the median income for a family was $41,270. Males had a median income of $34,279 versus $23,494 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,043. About 8.7% of families and 10.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.0% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the town of Portville

 * Bedford Corners – A hamlet near the east town line on NY Route 305. The Bedford Corners Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.
 * Carroll – A hamlet in the southeast corner of the town, east of the Allegheny River.
 * Haydenville – A hamlet on the western town line on County Road 92.
 * Lake View Terrace – A hamlet in the northeast part of the town on County Road 27.
 * Main Settlement – A hamlet in the southeast corner of the town on NY Route 417.
 * Mill Grove – a hamlet on the Allegheny River on Route 305 in the southeast corner of the town. It once marked the south extent of the Genesee Valley Canal.
 * Portville – The village of Portville is a municipal corporation of ~430 properties and 1,000 persons located on 2+ square miles in the southeast part of the town on Dodge Creek by the Allegheny River. NY-305 and NY-417 conjoin through the village.
 * Stephens Lake – A small lake north of Weston Mills.
 * Toll Gate Corner – A location in the southeast corner of the town at the junction of Routes 305 and 417.
 * Weston Mills – A hamlet on the north bank of the Allegheny River on Route 417. It was named after the Weston brothers, owners of several businesses.

Government
The Town of Portville is a municipal corporation governed by a five-member elected town board. The town board is composed of one supervisor (two-year term beginning every even numbered year) and four councilpersons (four-year terms, of which two begin concurrently with each new supervisor term). The highway superintendent is an elected two-year term position and is run independently from the town board, except for receiving annual funding of the highway department budget. The town justice is an elected two-year position and is run independently of the town board, except for receiving funding on a monthly basis. All other positions are appointed and report to the town board.

title: Portville, New York


text:
Randolph (CDP), New York

Randolph is a hamlet, census-designated place (CDP) and former village in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States. It is located within the town of Randolph. The population of the village was 1,286 at the 2010 census, out of 2,602 in the town as a whole. Randolph borders the community of East Randolph.

History
Randolph was the first location settled within the town, circa 1820.

The village of Randolph was incorporated in 1867. Voters in the village approved the dissolution of the village into a hamlet within the town of Randolph on March 16, 2010, becoming one of four villages in the county to have approved a village dissolution plan within a six-month span. East Randolph and Perrysburg approved their dissolution plans on the same day; Limestone had done so in September 2009. At the time of dissolution, Howard MacLaughlin was mayor.

Randolph was once the home of the Chamberlain Institute and Female College, a Methodist school, which closed after a fire. The site of the Chamberlain Institute is now the home of Randolph High School.

The Randolph Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

Geography
Randolph is located at 42.15972°N, -78.98278°W (42.159992, -78.983044).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 8.45 sqkm, of which 8.42 sqkm is land and 0.03 sqkm, or 0.33%, is water.

The village is at the junction of New York State routes 241 and 394, plus County Road 9. County Road 8 enters the village from the west.

The Southern Tier Expressway (Interstate 86 and NY 17) passes through the southwest corner of Randolph, with access from Exit 16. Salamanca is 19 mi to the east, and Jamestown is 14 mi to the west.

The principal stream of Randolph is Little Conewango Creek. Battle Creek flows into the Little Conewango just outside the hamlet. Little Conewango Creek flows into Conewango Creek, a tributary of the Allegheny River.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,316 people, 550 households, and 343 families residing in the village. The population density was 404.9 PD/sqmi. There were 590 housing units at an average density of 181.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.48% White, 0.15% Black or African American, 0.38% Native American, 0.08% Pacific Islander, and 0.91% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.08% of the population.

There were 550 households, out of which 28.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.5% were married couples living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.6% were non-families. 32.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.8% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 25.5% from 25 to 44, 23.9% from 45 to 64, and 17.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.5 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $32,679, and the median income for a family was $39,861. Males had a median income of $30,750 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,812. About 3.7% of families and 6.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.9% of those under age 18 and 6.0% of those age 65 or over.

Churches of Randolph
The former village is home to an Episcopal church, a Presbyterian church, a Baptist church, a Seventh-day Adventist church, a Roman Catholic church, and a non-denominational Bible church. Lighthouse Free Methodist church and the local United Methodist church are located in nearby East Randolph.

Notable people

 * Harry Castlemon, writer
 * Rodney R. Crowley, former New York Inspector of State Prisons
 * Albert G. Dow, former New York state senator
 * Marvin Hubbard, former professional football player; he attended school in Randolph but lived in nearby Red House
 * Kid McLaughlin, former Major League Baseball player
 * Martha Van Rensselaer, founding co-director of Cornell University's New York State College of Home Economics, now the New York State College of Human Ecology

title: Randolph (CDP), New York