text:
User talk:Dante Alighieri/Archive 1

Archived talk: Clovis et al., AE/BE issues (french fries), Archive 1, Archive 2, Archive 3, Archive 4, Archive 5.

Hello there Dante, welcome to the 'pedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you ever need editing help visit How does one edit a page and experiment at Sandbox. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions or how to format them visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Cheers! --maveric149

thanks for the note about hurdling, I missed it in all the noise about the pi digits. -- Tarquin

 * No problem! I'm just trying to be a good wikipedia-citizen... wikipezen... wikipedian... wikicitizen... oh heck with it... --Dante Alighieri

Way to go, on the alphabet! Now this place is starting to look like an encyclopedia!! --Ed Poor

 * Thanks! It's nice to feel appreciated. :) --Dante Alighieri

-- I should have mentioned that feature requests should go to SourceForge. The developers don't read Feature requests] anymore. --mav 03:08 Nov 26, 2002 (UTC)

 * Thanks, I'm on it. --Dante Alighieri

Dante, I started to upload some alphabet graphics. I have the whole alphabet done in Helvetica 55 Roman 48 pt (textbook sans-serif font) and in Times LT 48 pt. They are anti-aliased against a white background. I think having both a serif and sans-serif font is helpful for letters like "L" where the lowercase L could look like a capital I, etc. Would you take a look at them, they are named, , etc. If you like them leave a note here or on my talk page and I'll upload the rest. --Nate

 * Check your talk page. --Dante Alighieri

Dante, I thought you might enjoy this "review" of Harry Potter by "God's Favorite Christian": -- Someone else 20:12 Dec 4, 2002 (UTC)
 * That's hilarious! Someone has QUITE the sense of humor. :) --Dante Alighieri 21:54 Dec 4, 2002 (UTC)

Please forgive me for bowdlerizing your comment:

 * Or, better yet, go to their house and kill all of their pets? ;)

It just didn't seem like the right place for that kind of joke. You don't really mind, do you? --Ed Poor

Well, the link wasn't to a person, it was to an article on singular they, but fine, if the humor was in SUCH bad taste...

 * Not the link, the pet thing... --Uncle Ed

Yeah, no I get that you didn't like the pet thing... I suppose it wasn't as funny to you as I thought it was. I thought it was clear that it was tongue-in-cheek. Hence the winking smiley.

 * Yeah, I get the winking smiley... I just didn't want to see Mav's experiment messed up. He's cleaning up after this newbie, instead of taking the easy way out and simply banning them. I hope it works. --Uncle Ed

Well, you have more faith in humanity than I do... if you look at the nature of the vandalism I think you'll agree that the odds of this person becoming a productive memeber of the wiki are approximately nil.

 * Ah, but many others are watching, lurking in the shadows. People judge you by the way you treat others. --Uncle Ed

Call me old-fashioned, I like to fight fire with fire, "vandalize and ye shall BE vandalized!"... But, then again, catch me on a different day and I'll probably be making YOUR argument... sigh... ;) --Dante Alighieri 23:17 Dec 5, 2002 (UTC)

 * You gotta take the long-term view. We're trying to do two things at once:
 * protect the wiki
 * attract new talent

 * If we allow too much vandalism and too many violations of NPOV, then old hands want to leave. If we jump on people too quick, they don't learn. Or they come back with bigger guns or *shudder* in greater numbers. It's hard to find a balance. --Uncle Ed

I have no idea why we keep writing on this subject since we obviously don't need to. We must have too much time on our hands. ;) That being said... sure, balance is great, but who's to say that kidnapping (not killing) vandals pets and holding them hostage until they make reparations isn't balanced? ;) --Dante Alighieri 23:25 Dec 5, 2002 (UTC)

I don't like being in edit wars. So if I can't persuade, I generally let others do as they like. If I'm wrong, that's only fitting. If I'm right, someone else will come along and make the change anyway! It's only an article... --Uncle Ed

Well, it's not that I care, it's just that, well, I'm bored. ;) I clearly have nothing better to do than sit here and pick nits. Although I must say that I do spend a fair amount of time copyediting and writing extremely important articles like the one on candy corn. :) --Dante Alighieri 00:52 Dec 6, 2002 (UTC)

There really is a book called Changing Colours. A quick search at Google comes up with these results, and the book is the first hit! Um, would you please be more careful? --Uncle Ed

 * The "style" in which it was written confused me. :) I had just had to revert some very similar vandalism so I was a bit quick on the censor button. --Dante Alighieri 01:11 Dec 6, 2002 (UTC)

 * Don't worry. You'll get the hang of it. I checked here, and it was the user's first contribution -- from that IP address, anyway. --Uncle Ed

 * Yeah.. I had just cleaned up this and the reference to a spouse and the grammar just looked the same. Rookie mistake I suppose. :) --Dante Alighieri 01:17 Dec 6, 2002 (UTC)

To be serious for a moment (or try to be) I think it is wrong to characterize our calander 9i.e. it is now 2002) as "Christian." It is Christian in origin, but manmy non-Christians use it and it "works" because it is a convention.  I think the move to "CE" is not meant to obscure the Christian origins of the calendar, but rather to highlight the fact that those origins are no longer relevant, and people use the calendar because it is a convention, not for theological reasons.  Should I post this comment on the CE/Commen Era pages (yikes!) -- well, if you think the above comment is clear and hlps clarify the position, feel free to cut and paste it ono those pages.  You are welcome to your own opinion, but to be honest, I do not understand it (I mean, I understand the argument, but I do not understand why you ascribe to it).

Now, about wraps .....

Really, this is a topic that deserves a page of its own (and then a much much longer talk page). But you know, in the end it is all just some form or another of the Chinese egg roll.... Slrubenstein

 * You know that the paragraph with wraps in it wasn't from me, right?

 * yeah,

 * Anyway, I think that having a calender that uses the birth of Christ (yeah, yeah, we all know he wasn't really born in 1 AD) is inherently biased. And I think that to continue to use that system while changing its name doesn't accomplish much. Worse, it can lead people to forget about or ignore the bias. I like to look bias in the face and know that its there. You can change the cover on a book, but it doesn't alter the contents. Personally, I don't actually care that much about the issue, I just jumped into the middle of a pre-existing argument. :) --Dante Alighieri 11:14 Dec 6, 2002 (UTC)

 * I gues we just disagree -- not that there is/isn't a bias, but over the nature of the bias. I do not think that the bias is really about using Jesus' alleged birthday as point of reference; the bias is in using a calendar that is of European origin.  But as long as the world is dominated by European (and Euro-American) culture (including political and economic forms), this is the calendar we will use.  And who knows, even after the end of European domination, people around the world will still use it merely because there is a need for a convention.  Look, people use "meters" whether they would have been Jacobins or not -- it is just a standard.

 * I am perfectly happy using the Hebrew calendar in my personal life. But the fact is, when I am out and about in the world I need to use a calendar that non-Jews use.  I do not mind that.  But no way am I going to say that the reason I am using another calendar is because Jesus is my Lord.  I will use it solely as a convention.

 * In other words, trhe Christian calendar simply does not belong to Christians any more. Maybe this is why so many (not you) are upset at "CE and BCE," it is a sign that in winning the battle (world domination) they have in some way lost the war (people around the world celebrate Christmas as a holiday without really caring at all about Jesus; people use the Gregorian calendar without caring about Jesus, etc).  Using CE and BCE is a way of saying: "Yes, we will use your calendar, if you insist.  But once we start using it, it is no longer yours." Slrubenstein

 * You see, that last paragraph makes sense! That's the first really cogent and articulate objection to my POV that I've received. I can certainly respect your position, and even agree with your conclusion in the last two sentences. That being said, I'm STILL worried about that bias, but hey, anything that'll piss of the Religious Right is OK with me. ;) --Dante Alighieri 11:52 Dec 6, 2002 (UTC)

Hi Dante, could you look at WikiProject Dog breeds/General? Thanks :) -- sannse 19:20 Feb 6, 2003 (UTC)

Sigs: " " for "John Owens", " ~ " for "John Owens 19:32 May 1, 2003 (UTC)". How does one edit a page -- John Owens 19:32 May 1, 2003 (UTC)

 * Ah, tilde. Duh! Thanks! Dante Alighieri 19:34 May 1, 2003 (UTC)

Hey, I'm not taking any CS classes this semester, but I'm starting on upper divs in the fall. -- Minesweeper 23:38 14 May 2003 (UTC)

 * I graduated Cal in 2002. I didn't major in CS, but I took a few courses. I have friends who were heavy into the CS department though. If you end up in a course where you have a course of GSIs and one of them is Melvin Tsai, go with him. He's a buddy of mine, and he knows his stuff. --Dante Alighieri 23:40 14 May 2003 (UTC)

 * Thanks, I'll keep that in mind! -- Minesweeper 05:19 17 May 2003 (UTC)

Hi Dante, I've just seen your pigeon/dove comment. Worldwide there are several hundred Columbidae species, fairly arbitarily named "pigeon" or "dove" even in the same genus, eg Speckled Pigeon, Columba guinea and Stock Dove C. oenas. My feeling was that the redirect should be for the group as a whole. The problem comes in that "pigeon" to many city dwellers in the West means only the feral pigeon, which is domesticated Rock Dove. I realise that people are more likely to search for "pigeon" than "feral pigeon", but they can get to feral pigeon from the Dove article.

If they are looking for pigeons in general, it is my view that pigeon-->dove, and feral pigeon-->Rock Dove. it's a tricky one though.

Not sure where the edit war comes in-I wasn't consciously reverting anything jimfbleak 15:22 19 May 2003 (UTC)

 * No real edit war, just needed something to label the message. ;) OK, that makes sense I suppose. It looks like the big problem is that people worldwide don't seem to have a good handle on precisely what a pigeon is, except that it seems to be one or more species of dove. Oh well. ;) --Dante Alighieri 21:47 19 May 2003 (UTC)

-- 23:10 19 May 2003, Maveric149 blocked 64.180.186.148 (contribs) (unblock) (repeated vandalism at Maoism)

 * Thanks mav! --Dante Alighieri 23:14 19 May 2003 (UTC)

--

Congratulations, you are now a sysop. Please take a look at Administrators before using your new privileges. --Eloquence 22:54 20 May 2003 (UTC)

Re the OED: cool, but was it teenager that I was checking? In any case, I'll let others quibble about it but if you can find it in there, go for it! -- Someone else 00:49 22 May 2003 (UTC)

It was something along the lines of "Squawk ('squocken' not a real German word as far as I can tell) journey, be suited for Bonnie. On travel, 17th century (1665-1687), little Bonnie born 1632 on Munich, and 1637 on Berlin. Little Bonnie is the a mathematical woman (English word, not German, of course)." Very bad German, and it's the testprog/BethPageHillBrier/stillbirth/Breanna NC fellow at work. (He seems to go by the names Bob, Lenny, and Wilma, depending which personality is in charge, I guess.) Surprised he didn't try to link Bonnie to Jayne Bryleigh. Oh, look, and now he's made another lovely contribution to mucous membrane. -- John Owens 08:10 23 May 2003 (UTC)

 * Of course, about the blocklist comment, it wouldn't really be fair to count the times two or three of us all banned him at once separately, would it? ;) -- John Owens 08:20 23 May 2003 (UTC)

 * Hehe... turns out that I'm not a huge fan of vandals. I propose we ship them all to Antarctica and deal with them that way. --Dante Alighieri 08:21 23 May 2003 (UTC)

 * I guess you aren't, you managed to beat me to the punch on Mary Reibey, after all. ;) But I don't think I'd condemn the penguins to have to put up with that kind of thing. -- John Owens 08:25 23 May 2003 (UTC)

 * We'll bring the penguins here. I'd rather have them around than the vandals... Hell, I think I'd rather have Vandals than vandals... --Dante Alighieri 08:28 23 May 2003 (UTC)

Slight change of subject: personally, I've been tempted to make a page for gratuitous wikification or something like that. Examples and such, not much of a definition to be had. -- John Owens 08:38 23 May 2003 (UTC)

 * Check the Sandbox. There's a cute little sentence on there courtesy of yours truly... total wikification! ;) --Dante Alighieri 08:53 23 May 2003 (UTC)

On a related note, why does it make me nervous when I see you playing in the sandbox with the only edit summary being "hehe"? -- John Owens 19:56 24 May 2003 (UTC)

 * Hey, we all have our vices... mine seems to be doing fun little things in the sandbox. ;) --Dante Alighieri 19:58 24 May 2003 (UTC)

 * You and my cats should get along well, then.... -- John Owens 20:05 24 May 2003 (UTC)

 * Now that, my friend, is disgusting. Hehe... --Dante Alighieri 20:08 24 May 2003 (UTC)

-

Woo, finally someone uses my anonymous talk page feature to greet new users and not just to warn them about vandalism :-). Note that they get the "new messages" notification like everyone else. Let me know if this works. --Eloquence 10:27 23 May 2003 (UTC)

DA, I appreciate your comment on the neutral theory etc. page. You are welcome to look at the page history, but I want to sum it up for you:

An earlier version of the article had this section:

 * A second assertion or hypothesis of the neutral theory is that most evolutionary change is the result of genetic drift acting on neutral alleles. Through drift, these alleles rise to dominance or become "fixed" in populations.

The implication is that drift involves solely a rise to dominance or fixation.That is misleading, and I changed it to:
 * Through drift, some alleles rise to dominance or become "fixed" in populations, while others disappear.

I believe it is a clear, well-written, and entirely accurate change that in no way diminishes the rest of the article – and 168 reverted it. I want to be very clear: I only added content, and not much content at that (and it is accurate); 168 simply will not allow me to add content. I believe he views that article as his property, and that he has effectively banned me from working on it. I can go on correcting the article, but it gets silly after a while. I need some sort of support – and whether you agree with me or 168, the article needs some sort of intervention. Thanks, Slrubenstein 20:24 23 May 2003 (UTC)

Re: Marathon (computer game) - you're quite sure you're not thinking of Marathon 2 being ported to Windows? I know it was. But http://marathon.bungie.org/story/releasedates.html and other websites I find on Google say nothing about the first, causing my confusion... Evercat 20:00 24 May 2003 (UTC)

 * Well, heck, now you've got me questioning it... I was sure that I'd played Marathon on my comp at some point... See, in the dorms, two of my friends had Macs so we were always playing Bungie games over there. I remember being thrilled when Marathon came out for PC, but ticked because they were playing Marathon2 by that point... Unless, of course, I'm misremembering it and when Marathon2 came out they were busy playing Marathon Infinity...

 * Sigh, I'll remove it for now and try to find out from my Mac guru friends.

 * --Dante Alighieri 20:08 24 May 2003 (UTC)

Heh. Wouldn't a PC guru be a better bet? :) Evercat 20:10 24 May 2003 (UTC)

I hate to tell you this, but 64.12.9x.xx is usually Michael, too. -- John Owens 23:47 27 May 2003 (UTC)

 * Ugh.. I'll get rid of that too, just to be safe. --Dante Alighieri 00:11 28 May 2003 (UTC)

Dante, please don't make links that only those with administrative powers can use such as the undelete links which you have put on the Vandalism in progress page. It tends to promote the idea that Wikipedia is run by a clique who don't want the ordinary user to see what they're doing. Better just to describe what the vandal was up to. Then everyone is included in the big picture. -- Derek Ross 01:09 28 May 2003 (UTC)

- Hello, Dante. I was the one who added "apparent" to the article on sailing. There is a mistake there that needs to be corrected. Not even America's cup boats can sail within 16 degrees of the [i]actual[/i] wind. How close a boat can sail to the wind depends on the wind speed, since what the boat "sees" is the apparent wind, i.e., the vector sum of the actual wind and the boat's own velocity. The apparent wind is what the windex on top of the mast shows. Because of this, people often talk about how close a boat can sail to the apparent wind. A good sloop can sail within 25 degrees of apparent wind. Perhaps an American Cup sloop can sail within 16 degrees, under the right conditions. Those figures might translate into 45 degrees and 36 degrees relative to the actual wind. Perhaps a better correction would be: ".. from an average of 25 degrees, [i]relative to apparent wind[/i], to as little as.."

Anyway, I was trying to be helpful.

 * No problem, in the future, please add summaries to your edits or make notes on the talk page so everyone can understand what you're doing. Also, consider making yourself a user name and sticking around... we can always use more help! --Dante 19:04 28 May 2003 (UTC)

Dante, what is going on with Alice in Chains (charming name for a band)? 152.163.252.167 puts in a line "On April 19, 2002, lead singer Layne Staley was found dead in his home.", and then you take it out again, repeated about a million times. Why? CGS 22:44 28 May 2003 (UTC).

 * 152.163.xx.xx is Michael. I'm reverting any and all edits on sight. See User_talk:Michael/ban. --Dante Alighieri 22:47 28 May 2003 (UTC)

 * But this is legitimate content. Why waste time deleteting it even if he's banned? CGS 22:55 28 May 2003 (UTC).

 * This has been dealt with before, go over the logs of the Michael situation. The problem is that his "submissions" are plagued with INTENTIONAL inaccuracies. The fact that he occassionally submits accurate information is irrelevant. The only way to keep the bad stuff off is to keep it all off. --Dante Alighieri 23:16 28 May 2003 (UTC)

--- Hi Dante -- on a more pleasant note, can you point out that page to me? I couldn't find it by searching. Thanks! JHK

 * See your talk page. --Dante Alighieri 22:54 30 May 2003 (UTC)

Hi Dante, Just out of curiousity, why remove italics from bullet lists? It's my understanding that film names are italicized per se, whether listed or in text. Not a big deal, just asking. -- Someone else 23:26 29 May 2003 (UTC)

 * Yeah, it appears I was wrong on that count. Oops. --Dante Alighieri 23:29 29 May 2003 (UTC)

 * Oh, good! I can save my being wrong for later, then -- Someone else 23:30 29 May 2003 (UTC)

If they are taking applications for medieval pope, I'm shoving my way to the head of the line. Ideal job. Exodus was a bit different than most of the current fracas: not troll instigated! Ah, the good old days... -- Someone else 01:39 31 May 2003 (UTC)

Just wanted to thank you for all your help with User:Kils/User:Viking. It was certainly an unpleasant situation. MB 07:37 1 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Happy birthday, Dante. ;D -- Zoe

 * Hmm, that's odd, the Dante Alighieri article gives May 14 as his birthday, but he also shows up on June 1, as Zoe indicated above. I would expect it's a depends-on-which-kind-of-calendar-you're-using kind of issue, most likely. -- John Owens 10:10 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Well, aside from the fact that my birthday is in March, Dante Alighieri seems to have no definitive birthday. The EB gives his bithdate circa May 15 - June 15 1265. He also died on September 13 or 14 in 1321. Any suggestions on how to handle this in the 'pedia? --Dante Alighieri 19:51 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * The best way is to indicate uncertainty rather than give dates with false precision. In this case, we know (because Dante tells us so) that he was born in 1265 under the sign of Gemini: that means he could be born anywhere from May 21 - Jun 20 1265. I don't think there is any basis for a more specific date, but if there is, anyone who knows what it is can change what I'm about to do to his article (It shouldn't be a Gregorian vs Julian question, since no one should be giving dates in the Gregorian calendar before it was introduced in 1582. Not that that always stops them...) -- Someone else 20:08 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * I'm not going to change it until I can figure out what's going on with the 21-20 and 15-15 strangeness. Does this result from historical differences in the calculation of astrological signs? Can anyone confirm which 30 days (31?) were Gemini in 1265 (not 2003)? That being said, I'm removing his birthday from both May 14 and June 1. --Dante Alighieri 20:13 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Excellent point, the calendar change would certainly change the dates associated with astrological signs. Unfortunately I can't think of where to find an ephemeris for 1265! This would still only alter the range of possible days, it wouldn't really help narrow that range. -- Someone else 21:29 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * The passage of time shouldn't affect the dates of the astrological signs, since we're still using the signs today based on the dates of the Sun's position around 2,000 years ago, unless there was an intermediate time when they used the actual current astronomical position of the Sun. I'd guess that in much the same way, they would have ignored the error creeping in by having the 365.25 day years, and so they would have still been using May 21 - June 20. -- John Owens 21:37 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * So EB is wrong? I'm not terribly surprised, mind you, but that is what we've decided? --Dante Alighieri 21:50 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * You'll notice a lot of conditionals in my reply above, if you read attentively. I might even weaken one of them slightly.... -- John Owens 22:05 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

-

happy birthday from me too! And good luck for the cruise into the next year! from Uwe

--- Hallo Dante! Thank you for your kind words. I take all responsibility (as a good captain does) and stand behind and for my little warriors (worriers). Lets work together for a great future and a fine tool for the education for our offsprings and crew - The problem we have is not from the children (I raised two little vikings myself), you are right, they can take a lot and are not fragile to any content in wikipedia, the problem are the parents: if we endorse a tool like an encyclopedia online, the first thing some stupid parents do is to "cruise" for ugly content, and if they find just any they get angry at us and say: "see what a mean and useless media the web is". That happened to us with the clitoris image. I think this specific picture is not a good image, because it contains a message (given by the body language of the position of the fingers). Also it is dangerously near the possibility to be classified by some moralists as child pornography. It should be no problem to find a picture which is open without the need of fingers, maybe an older women who gave birth already, maybe one of the contributors board can donate one, to deliver the educational content. But to say also something positive (to follow the User:Jimbo Wales/Statement of principles of Jimbo Wales: the picture is much, much better arranged on the English page than on the German, where it "jumps" into the face of the arriving user. May I suggest that you contact one of the German sysops to change it to way as in the English version, one page behind a warning, maybe with a comment "Weiterreise am Besten zusammen mit Vater oder Mutter". Thank you for your offer and perspective of returning to the sysop status in a month; I felt very honored that I was once invited to be one, but I am quite happy with the status of retirement, and in the future I will only suggest and can always  ask a younger sysops wether she can do the actual cutting - i will continue to add and move things around - good luck to your fine project

Uwe Kils 10:43 2 Jun 2003 (UTC) (in a hurry, have to run for faculty)

her is a little present -  for your wife

My response to Wikipedians by religion can be found at Wikipedians by race. MB 22:00 2 Jun 2003 (UTC)

Hi there, I just want to tell you that i'm not Michael or the banned user. That's all I want to say. -- Eddie

Hi this is smith03 you block me, i think by mistake I have aol as well.

 * Sorry for anyone who got blocked who shouldn't be. It's tough work keeping Michael off the 'pedia. I'm unblocking all AOL IPs I've blocked. If you are still blocked, write back. --Dante Alighieri 20:09 4 Jun 2003 (UTC)

You know, I think Michael may have had a point there, with his "rule" #3, "Nothing I do shouldn't be reverted." How very true. -- John Owens 04:30 6 Jun 2003 (UTC)

I've never made a bot. What gives you the impression I have? Yes I use AIM, I will use the wikipedia e-mail option to e-mail it to you (I'm not posting it on the wiki :)). I am looking to make some bots (I am actually planning on eventually making a wikipedia-bot API), so maybe we could work together?  MB 21:00 6 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * Indeed, so are you interested, or should I just forget about it? If you are interested, do you know Python (or are you willing to learn?)  MB 21:06 6 Jun 2003 (UTC)

 * I don't know Python, but I am interested in learning. It's been one of those things that I was going to get around to at some time or other. Let's talk over AIM, it's faster. ;) Check here for my AIM name. --Dante Alighieri 21:10 6 Jun 2003 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dante Alighieri/Archive 1


text:
Håkon Melberg

Håkon Melberg (January 1, 1911 – November 4, 1990) was one of Norway's foremost linguists. He knew 42 languages and could communicate in an additional 20.

Born in Halden, Melberg graduated from the Halden Latin School in 1930 with top grades. He went on to study languages and linguistics at the University of Oslo for 6 or 7 years, but left without obtaining a formal degree. He received a scholarship to study modern English in London as preparation for a professorate in English, and wrote the novel 'Solen går aldri ned' in 1938. Melberg then received research funding from NAVF to study Celtic languages, staying in Ireland, Wales, Scotland, and Brittany for long periods. To support a rather meagre economy and encourage the work with Celtic languages, Thomas Coats 2nd Baron Glentanar and the Earl of Bute gave Melberg a sum of money that he did not use himself, but instead handed over to Oslo University in support of a Celtic institute.

During the occupation years in Norway, Melberg was one of the leaders of XU Pan, a spy organisation that collected secret German information and transmitted it to London. This work is described in the book 'Dobbeltspill – Nazilensmannen som lurte tyskerne' (1988) by T. Brynildsen and H. Melberg.

From 1940 to 1943, Melberg worked as a jiu jitsu instructor at his brother Sam's training institute in Oslo. Melberg wrote the introductory chapter titled "Vitenskapen å slåss" ("The Science of Fighting") to Sam's book, 'Jiu Jitsu'.

In September 1945, Melberg presented the first version of his hypothesis on the origin of the Scandinavian nations to the Norwegian Science Academy in Oslo. It was met with silence. A year later, it was presented to the Danish Science Academy in Copenhagen, where it provoked animated discussion. Due to misunderstandings and the need for background information that became apparent during these discussions, Melberg decided to present his work with all the information required to evaluate the hypothesis. The outcome was the two-volume work, 'Origin of the Scandinavian Nations and Languages' (1953). They are available with searchable text in and

After the publication of that work, Melberg continued his work with Celtic languages for some years. The rest of his active life was spent working with and for children in Halden. In 1945, Melberg and his wife began running an activity center for children called Barnas hus. He wrote the text for a children's opera, 'Nattmannens barn', which was first presented in 1960. Melberg died in 1990.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Håkon Melberg


text:
Talk:Frederick, Maryland

Image of farm
A farm near Frederick, Maryland

This image doesn't belong here. It belongs maybe on Frederick, County article, but is not representative of Frederick City. I will take some pictures next time I am in the area. MB 19:52 1 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * Agreed, I live there, a nice picture of downtown at christmas or the clustered spires would be nice :).--Crucio 23:56, 3 May 2004 (UTC)

Flag
I removed the flag, being that it is not the flag of the City of Frederick but the Flag of Frederick County. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 05:05, 19 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Fourth largest city in Maryland?
According to both the Rockville and the Frederick articles, they are both the fourth most populous cities in the state of Maryland. Which is larger? And which census updates are used to determine these? Alex 05:43, 19 October 2005 (UTC)

History Section
I'm from Frederick and I always love hearing about its history. Would anyone like to create a history section for this page? I would dearly love to, but I don't really have the time or know where to find the most important information. So if someone out there would like to at least start this, I would be very grateful. Contrafool 16:58, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

Arts Section
Needs a rewrite. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 129.174.177.138 (talk • contribs).

The mention of colleges in Frederick, MD and also the mention of a sister city seem to have no relevance to the arts and should be in a different section. jake brooks, march 27th, 2008 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.251.25.26 (talk) 22:36, 27 March 2008 (UTC)

Schools Section
The schools section listed here should be moved to the county page because the county serves as the basis for the school system in MD. When I get around to it, I will move the information into the county page, clean it up, and hopefully create an article for the FCPS too.Jason Smith 02:37, 21 February 2007 (UTC)

Silver Spring
Both this article and Silver Spring make competing claims about the second largest city in MD. Korossyl 05:26, 5 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Both Silver Spring and Columbia MD are more populous than Frederick, but these are unincorporated areas. Frederick is the second largest incorporated city behind Baltimore. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.239.156.90 (talk) 18:22, 10 April 2011 (UTC)

Population
Frederick according to the population stats is the second largest city in Maryland, although it says third on this page. I believe third is actually Gaithersburg. But how do you edit that top section? 76.100.227.156 19:36, 5 October 2007 (UTC)
 * No - follow the link (in turn to the rank link on the Census page). Frederick is third, behind Baltimore and Gaithersburg. Tedickey 19:59, 5 October 2007 (UTC)

Tyler's Spite House
The spite house no longer serves as a bed and breakfast. the owner passed away (or so I heard) and it now serves as the main office of a new design firm, The Design Method Group. Toxicityj (talk) 22:13, 11 June 2008 (UTC)

 * I updated it to reflect the above with a reference to a newspaper article about it. --71.176.153.80 (talk) 18:19, 4 December 2008 (UTC)

Unpublished manuscript
Recent edit: "Calvin E. Schildknecht, unpublished manuscript and supporting documents: Draft Genealogy: Thomas and Margaret Schley and Some of Their Descendents. August, 1991: 135 Doubleday Avenue, Gettysburg, PA, 17325. Including the files of the late Jacob Mehrling Holdcraft and the files of the late Judge Edward S. Delaplaine, compiled with the assistance of Mary Ann Frank."

If it's unpublished, that sounds as if it is unverifiable, and therefore cannot be used Tedickey (talk) 01:17, 27 December 2008 (UTC)

There are all kinds of valid, unpublished works which need to be referenced. Many of these include letters, family Bibles, and archived materials. All academic referencing systems make a place for these kinds of citations, and the best primary research relies on such materials. By definition, published materials are "secondary materials". You all need to get real. The works of the great early management guru, Mary Parker Follett, was, until the last two decades, accessible only in unpublished form.Doktorschley (talk) 03:32, 18 March 2009 (UTC)

 * That's discussed in RS Tedickey (talk) 11:27, 19 March 2009 (UTC)

 * I agree that the Schley material should not be used, as it has not been published, nor accepted in fulfillment of an academic requirement, like a dissertation. The other issue with the Schley family material is that there is too much of it - there were other people and groups who have contributed to Frederick's history and present. There is little sense of how the city has benefited by its proximity to major federal installations, such as FDA and others; its residents include people more highly educated than might be expected in a relatively small, but growing place.Parkwells (talk) 23:29, 9 February 2011 (UTC)

Former Mayor
Daniel Kolb is linked to the wrong person. This needs to be corrected or the link removed. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Swans1tf (talk • contribs) 17:40, 20 March 2009 (UTC)

Theater
The section onn theaters in Frederick is far from complete. Unfortunately, I know several people who have tried to post other theaters located in the city, but they were removed. One such post followed pretty much the same format and style as the Maryland Ensemble Theaters line in that section but was still removed. It was said this was an advertisement. ..

"The Way Off Broadway Dinner Theatre is a regional theater located in Frederick on the western side of the city along what is known as Frederick's "Golden Mile" and has been based there since it first opened in 1990 as the Keynote Dinner Theatre."

It was also accompanied by a citation. How could that be rewritten so that it would not be considered an advertisement. Something similar happened with the line that mentioned the Weinberg Center for the Arts, which was actually taken directly from the Weinberg's Wikipedia article.

I'm just curious how to be able to include these things because Frederick does have such a diverse theater community. RidgeWest (talk) 22:57, 16 August 2010 (UTC)RW

 * The url given points to a site that's basically just advertising. Some actual evidence of notability should accompany the edits (otherwise, one would simply link to all of the pages on that site, for instance) TEDickey (talk) 01:04, 17 August 2010 (UTC)

I guess I understand the notability issue to a point. . . especially when it has to do with a subject having its own article on Wikipedia. But on an information page like this, that specifically has a theater section, should all the theaters be listed. But, sticking with the notability issue, the historic Weinberg Center would certainly be more important to mention than the Maryland Ensemble Theatre. I'm really not trying to be difficult. I am just trying to understand the full rationale that if Wikipedia already deemed the Weinberg and Way Off Broadway notabale enough to have their own articles, why wouldn't that be enough to be listed on the theater section of Frederick City?

Or am I maybe just looking at how the edit was written, needing to be more specific. For example, with Way Off Broadway, saying that besides the Weinberg, it is the longest operating theater in the city and many shows made their western Maryland regional theater debuts at Way Off Broadway. Is that more the direction you are talking about? RidgeWest (talk) 02:43, 18 August 2010 (UTC)RW —Preceding unsigned comment added by RidgeWest (talk • contribs) 02:40, 18 August 2010 (UTC)

 * I recommend discarding the advertising source, and using just a one-liner pointing to the already-sourced topic. The existing topic does need cleanup, in case you've time/inclination to improve it TEDickey (talk) 11:23, 18 August 2010 (UTC)

Thanks for the advice. Let me take some time and see if I can come up with something that can work. I will definitely get your opinion before posting it. RidgeWest (talk) 20:28, 19 August 2010 (UTC)RW
 * thanks TEDickey (talk) 22:17, 19 August 2010 (UTC)

Frederick County Not Largest County
According to the List of counties in Maryland there are several counties larger in area than Frederick Majorarcanum (talk) 22:42, 27 August 2010 (UTC)

city-data url
Those sources provide a lot of data, but not what supports the given comparison TEDickey (talk) 09:07, 7 April 2011 (UTC)

If you look at the cost of living and housing prices for Frederick MD and Washington DC compared to the national average, and Harrisburg PA compared to the national average, the comparison is supported. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.239.156.90 (talk) 18:19, 10 April 2011 (UTC)

 * A WP:RS addressing the comment would make not only that comparison, but put it into context TEDickey (talk) 19:40, 10 April 2011 (UTC)

Maryland Route 144 no longer exists within City of Frederick
In 1814, Dr. John Tyler built what is called the Tyler Spite House at 112 W. Church Street in Frederick to prevent the city from extending Record Street south through Tyler's land to meet West Patrick Street (now also Maryland Route 144).

(now also Maryland Route 144)

State Highway, no longer exists in City of Frederick, Roadway turned over to the city in 2005. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.33.56.95 (talk) 17:42, 7 November 2012 (UTC)

Late 19th century History Section
The section currently states:
 * In 1872 the Pennsylvania Railroad completed its Frederick Secondary branch line, which ran from Frederick to York, Pennsylvania and Columbia, Pennsylvania.

The actual cited source on the page states... that it was the Frederick and Pennsylvania Line Railroad Company from Kingsdale to Frederick Md which opened October 8 1872. I propose to edit the section to reference the F&PL article in the link instead of the PRR in the current article...

Cheers... Risk Engineer (talk) 16:07, 23 December 2013 (UTC)

population_metro
That field would be (if sourced) for the area around the principal city of a metropolitan area. Frederick doesn't meet that criteria for WMA TEDickey (talk) 14:50, 19 January 2014 (UTC)

"metro" population for minor component of MSA
The population_metro field of the infobox implies that this is a principal city of the cited MSA/CSA - in this case Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area and/or Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia, DC-MD-VA-WV Combined Statistical Area. However, the reliable source (ignoring editor-contributed opinions about unincorporated cities) differs from that implication (it's listed as a principal city of one of the four components of the former). Usual (non-Wikipedia) practice for "metro" population would be to cite the population due to the component (which the reader may note is about an order of magnitude less than the current figure). TEDickey (talk) 21:12, 20 January 2014 (UTC)

 * 2014 US Census data cites Frederick County, where Frederick city is located, as having a population of 241,414. Perhaps the max metro population for the city shouldn't exceed the max of the county. Google Maps cites Frederick as being a 44.2 mile drive from Washington DC, and Frederick is two counties away from Washington DC.
 * I haven't found any other pages on this site where cities in the Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area cite the entire Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area as their metro population. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 204.194.77.3 (talk) 17:41, 28 May 2015 (UTC)

This issue is very simple: the claim is severely misleading so it should be removed. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.229.4.2 (talk) 17:55, 30 April 2018 (UTC)

Split
The history section of this article is a lot longer than the rest of the article and contains a large amount of information that is not really needed in the main Frederick, Maryland article. I think it would be a good idea to go ahead and split this section out into its own article and then write a summary of the history of Frederick in the history section of this article. Zell Faze (talk) 14:31, 18 March 2014 (UTC)

I've had trouble finding other people to discuss this with and am not 100% sure this is the best course of action or not. In this case I thought that rather than being bold, I would prefer to discuss it with other editors. Zell Faze (talk) 12:20, 9 April 2014 (UTC)

 * ❌ Oppose splitting I don't see a problem with what's there now. 94.193.139.22 (talk) 13:38, 9 April 2014 (UTC)

 * I would consider trimming it here first. A tag on it suggests there may be some unneeded information there. A quick glance suggests there is a lack of references and a bit off excess information (sites of historical interest seems like a good candidate for trimming). AIR corn (talk) 09:16, 11 April 2014 (UTC)
 * I could probably move a lot of the sites of historical interest to Wikivoyage. Zell Faze (talk) 11:58, 11 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Good idea. AIR corn (talk) 22:26, 11 April 2014 (UTC)

 * ❌ Oppose The article is not of a sufficient length to need a split.  Uhlan  talk  05:16, 12 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Oppose – I also disagree with splitting the article. United States Man (talk) 20:18, 18 April 2014 (UTC)

Well I think then the general consensus is opposed to splitting on the grounds that it just needs a little bit of trimming and some TLC. If no one has any objections I'll close this RFC then? Zell Faze (talk) 19:14, 19 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Sounds like a plan. Just got the message on the RfC and I'm with the majority. A bit of pruning would take care of the article overgrowth.Wzrd1 (talk) 00:24, 21 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Removed the split article discussion tag. I'm removing the RFC from the list.  Thank you everyone! Zell Faze (talk) 12:59, 24 April 2014 (UTC)

Adding Carol Creek park to section 6.1
This page could be improved by adding information about the new Carroll Creek Park Project to the City Scape section. The Park has vastly changed the appearance of several areas within Frederick, most notably the area of Carroll Creek by the train station. The area was previously a very industrial portion of town and was just flat concert but now has many fountains and is far more parkish than it was previously. The Carroll Creek park project has also lead to a revitalization effort of many derelict buildings on East Patrick Street. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Personpeeple94 (talk • contribs) 15:47, 10 September 2015 (UTC)

Orphaned references in Frederick, Maryland
I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. One of the things I do is look for content for orphaned references in wikilinked articles. I have found content for some of Frederick, Maryland's orphans, the problem is that I found more than one version. I can't determine which (if any) is correct for this article, so I am asking for a sentient editor to look it over and copy the correct ref content into this article.

Reference named "TWC": From Gettysburg, Pennsylvania:  From Mount Airy, Maryland:  From Brunswick, Maryland:

I apologize if any of the above are effectively identical; I am just a simple computer program, so I can't determine whether minor differences are significant or not. AnomieBOT ⚡ 00:37, 18 November 2015 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 22:51, 27 February 2019 (UTC)
 * Confederates marching through Frederick, MD in 1862.jpg

"Fredneck" as a population_demonym
Anon-IP supplied two instances of "Fredneck" used as a derogatory term, which doesn't appear to be the intent of the template. TEDickey (talk) 20:39, 6 December 2022 (UTC)

Music section lacks meaningful citations for claims
The music section overall is light on citations, as has been previously pointed out by someone else. In particular, the two bands listed only have one citation each, and neither is high quality. One goes to a Youtube video and one to a Frederick News Post article. Anyone can upload songs to Youtube. Simply doing so doesn't prove any claims about a band. One single article in FNP doesn't show that a band is important enough to deserve its own paragraph in a general article about Frederick. Clutch is described as having a "hit" song, but I can find no reference to the song charting, and the Youtube version of it has very few Likes. If it's a "hit", what position did it occupy on what chart when? I would expect a reference to Billboard or the like. Many, many bands have come through Frederick and as of right now, I don't see why these two in particular are chosen to be featured with their own paragraphs and no other bands are even listed. Fredericktonian73 (talk) 10:50, 14 February 2023 (UTC)

 * That appears to refer to Neil Fallon, which has an adequate number of reliable sources. TEDickey (talk) 00:57, 15 February 2023 (UTC)
 * Neil Fallon is not even mentioned in the Frederick article; I'm not sure why you're bringing that into the discussion. Everything I already said still stands and you haven't addressed any of it. I am trying to assist in improving the quality of this section, and I will thank you to make no more unwarranted accusations that I am "vandalizing" the page. Fredericktonian73 (talk) 06:10, 15 February 2023 (UTC)

The articles for Clutch (band) and Silent Old Mtns each contain dozens of citations. Have you considered whether any of them could be included here to improve this article? -- Pemilligan (talk) 13:17, 15 February 2023 (UTC)

 * The news article which was mentioned before is an interview with Neil Fallon (have to read the sources). The comment about Clutch could be presented better (which would improve the topic). TEDickey (talk) 01:32, 16 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Frederick, Maryland


text:
Chance in a Million

Chance in a Million is a British sitcom broadcast between 10 September 1984 and 1 December 1986, produced by Thames Television for the fledgling Channel 4 as part of its early homegrown programming. The series was co-written by Andrew Norriss and Richard Fegen and starred Simon Callow and Brenda Blethyn. The producer and director of the series was Michael Mills.

Plot
The premise of the show is the growing relationship between Tom Chance and Alison Little, which progresses throughout the series from initial meeting through to marriage. The show is structured like a traditional sitcom, although at the time of broadcast was considered by viewers and critics to be more in line with alternative comedy in the UK.

The titular character, Tom Chance, is frequently the victim of unlikely coincidences, nearly always to his detriment (with his last name indicating Nominative Determinism). As such, the show was a precursor to One Foot in the Grave, which had an almost identical premise a decade later. Tom is aware of the coincidences that dog him, and describes it as a "disability". However, he is generally stoical, and often declares the best course of action when they occur is to "go with the flow".

Tom meets his girlfriend, Alison Little, by chance when the two go to the same hotel. Tom is on a blind date to meet a girl, who is also called Alison. Meanwhile, Alison Little has arranged to meet her cousin Tom for the first time since they were young children.

Alison appears meek and passive, working as an archetypical librarian, although her even meeker parents consider her to be a tearaway.

Tom is shy towards Alison and oblivious to her romantic and sexual approaches, which are mostly implied and discreet. However, Alison has fallen in love with Tom at first sight and she is keen for their friendship to develop into something more intimate as the show progresses. Crucially, as Tom soon comes to realise, Alison is immune from suffering too badly from the consequences of his coincidences, although is always involved as each situation plays out.

Alison is in her twenties, while Tom is probably in his early 30s. When the show started filming, Blethyn was 38 and Callow was 35.

Tom's character is somewhat bombastic and old-fashioned, a deliberate callback to similar middle/upper-class characters in UK fiction of the Victorian/Edwardian periods. His style of speaking is a key component of his comic nature. He speaks only in short staccato sentences similar to a telegram, devoid of personal pronouns and conjunctions: "Can’t talk Alison. Car being towed. Problem with lawn furniture." However, in other ways his character is surprisingly modern: He has an amusing ability to drink an entire pint of lager in one gulp whilst in the middle of speaking a sentence, for example. (According to Callow in a DVD commentary, a trick glass containing a fraction of a pint was actually used.)

Because of Tom's tendency to get into trouble as a result of unlikely coincidences, his back story features him being arrested for crimes he did not commit – which happens so often that police Sergeant Gough gives orders for Tom not to be arrested, no matter how suspicious the circumstances.

Unlike Alison, Tom does not work. Instead, he is of independent means, his income provided by six Premium Bonds that frequently win, which he ascribes to the same coincidences that otherwise plague him.

Tom's interest is cricket, and he has a fascination with Surrey and England cricketer Alec Bedser, and a cricket bat, which has been autographed by the cricketer, is one of Tom's most treasured possessions. (Or at least was, before it was chewed up by next door's alsatian.) And in the penultimate episode, Alison presents her husband-to-be with a book containing a signed dedication by Bedser, to Tom's great delight.

The show frequently and somewhat gratuitously features women in nothing but their underwear (including Blethyn, who at various times appears in underwear, a neglige, and a basque). As such, it's reminiscent of the concurrent Benny Hill TV shows, or even the Carry On series.

Theme
The title tune for the show is a version of Taking a Chance on Love.

Cast

 * Simon Callow as Tom Chance
 * Brenda Blethyn as Alison Little
 * Ronnie Stevens (series 1), Hugh Walters (series 2 and 3) as Mr. Little
 * Deddie Davies as Mrs. Little
 * Bill Pertwee as Sergeant Gough
 * Angus MacKay as Terrence Wingent
 * Geraldine Gardner aka Trudi Van Doorn as Barbara Wingent – (series 2 & 3)
 * Peter Corey as Cousin Thomas
 * Rosemary Smith as "Janet" – (series 3)

title: Chance in a Million


text:
User:Zurich9

Forty-five years ago at just 22, still a young man in preppy button downs, my adventure in Venezuela began - from 1958 to 1983 we lived in the hot tropical oil city of Maracaibo.

I enjoyed the unique privilege of being both part of the local community and also that of a “musiu” or “foreigner”. Being part of a large and extended Venezuelan family was a unique privilege and it was easy to build friendships that have lasted almost half a century.

A move to the suburb of Miami Lakes with our family of young adults and teenagers in the early 1980’s opened new opportunities to know the Caribbean and Central America that I have thoroughly enjoyed.

My vision is to help document the transformation that Venezuela experienced from 1958 to 1982. The importance of these dates will be found in the stories and documentation in pages I want to develop with the help of fellow Wikipedians.

Recent political happenings and struggles in Venezuela will also be of great importance and need to be documented but I leave that task to others. Once again the country is transforming political life, growth and survival of the people and their culture.

The day-to-day commentary and criticisms of today’s efforts and changes will be validated or vilified in the months and years to come. Dear reader always be secure in the knowledge that Venezuela and her people will move forward.

- Gloria al Bravo Pueblo.

title: User:Zurich9


text:
Lobero Theatre

The Lobero Theatre is an historic building in Santa Barbara, California. The theater was originally built as an opera house, in a refurbished adobe school building, by Italian immigrant José Lobero in 1873. Located downtown at the corner of Anacapa and Canon Perdido streets, the Lobero Theatre is registered as a California Historical Landmark.

History
The Lobero was founded in 1873. By the early 1920s, the old opera house was becoming dilapidated and was rebuilt as a theater, to Spanish Colonial Revival style designs by architects George Washington Smith and Lutah Maria Riggs. The client was the Drama Branch of the Community Arts Association. The Lobero Theater opened in August 1924, during a period in which civic groups in Santa Barbara were beginning to unify the town's architectural look around a Spanish Colonial style.

Present day
The theatre continues to host arts and cultural events on 250 or more days per year. Because of its live acoustics and relatively small size it is particularly suited to chamber music. The Music Academy of the West holds many of its summer concerts in the Lobero.

title: Lobero Theatre


text:
Talk:Stars and Stripes (newspaper)

Senate Denies General Officer Promotion
Would Your News Agency be interested in a story about the U.S. Senate denying a general officer a promotion from one star to two stars based on a Department of the Army (DA) Inspector General (IG) investigation in Wiesbaden, Germany, if there is a cover-up? Hi— I’m contacting your news agency because I’ve tried to provide this story to larger news organizations and I believe their postal mail, email, and text messages are being censored. A similar story about a Navy admiral took years to get in the news, so I’m not terribly worried. The basic story will eventually break (basic story: In 2016 the U.S. Senate denied a general officer a promotion based on an IG investigation and, wow, is U.S. Army Europe/USAREUR still doing a lot to cover it up). I used to work in Wiesbaden, and I was there when the general had his promotion denied. I sat in a session in which civilian employees were essentially asked if they were being forced to do things they didn’t want to do, and I am fairly certain that’s how the DA IG investigation report will read – once we get our hands on it (I've been trying to break this story for the past two years). If you can obtain a copy of the DA IG report, please post a PDF copy of the report online along with the story when you break it. I can expand on the story once it hits AP newswires. I’m sure it will be redacted, but I can fill in a lot of the blanks. Feel free to call U.S. Army Europe (USAREUR) Public Affairs Office (PAO) at this number: +49-611-143-537-0005 or 0006 Outside Germany, add your country's International Direct Dialing code plus "49" before the desired number. It’s usually 011, but some telephone carriers have different ones; so, normally dial the whole number like this: 011-49-611-143-537-0005 or 0006 Keep in mind that anything the USAREUR PAO says may be part of a cover-up. For instance, if they don’t confirm the basic story, they are perpetuating a cover-up that’s been ongoing since 2016. For some reason they really, really, really do not want the DA IG report to get in the news. Don’t know if this is Pulitzer-level stuff, but it might be. Current Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) request status and how-to: If you would like to be the first news agency to break the story: I’ll contact your news agency to talk about the cover-up after the basic story finally gets in the news. -- The reason I’m asking for assistance in obtaining the IG report is because I believe my FOIA requests have been blocked as part of the cover-up. Whoever you talk to can say whatever they want, but the key to this story is the DA IG report. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2003:DF:9BD8:C141:81E1:A85E:A969:7ECD (talk) 20:11, 4 June 2018 (UTC)
 * Email the DA IG FOIA Office here: usarmy.pentagon.hqda-otig.mbx.saig-zxl@mail.mil
 * Ask for a copy of the “calendar year 2016 IG investigation report that caused the United States Senate to deny promotion to major general officer rank (O-8) for the Deputy Chief of Staff for U.S. Army Europe, headquartered in Wiesbaden, Germany (DA IG FOIA Records Release Office knows the name of the general officer, because I emailed them the name).
 * An alternate method to obtain the IG report would be to re-initiate the FOIA request by going here and using a Department of Defense (DOD) IG FOIA account to request the report: https://foiaonline.regulations.gov/foia/action/public/home
 * I initially requested the Wiesbaden report through DOD IG FOIA, and they responded by re-directing me to the DA IG FOIA Office. That’s how I know the report is at DA.

Untitled
This newspaper is not just a wartime entity. This should be mentioned. It is published in Europe and Pacific editions and still exists today. It's the main newspaper on the different installations. Mike H 03:04, Oct 7, 2004 (UTC)

Copyright Status
What is the copyright status for media and images from Stars and Stripes?

It seems likely that there is a different answer for the modern Stars and Stripes than for the World War II Stars & Stripes.

WWII Stars and Stripes

The masthead of the WWII Stars and Stripes labeled it "Daily Newspaper of U. S. Armed Forces in the European Theater of Operations". There was no statement of copyright. In a box, usually on page 2, it further stated "Printed at the New York Herald for the U.S. armed forces under auspices of the Information and Education Division, Special and Informational services, ETOUSA. Contents passed by the U.S. Army and Navy censors."

So there was no doubt in World War II that Stars and Stripes was a publication of the U.S.Army and thus a government publication. Since all government publications cannot be copyrighted and are in the public domain, the WWII Stars and Stripes are in the public domain.

Modern Stars and Stripes

The modern Stars and Stripes is a separate entity, without editorial control by the U.S. Army. The website does claim copyright. This is a separate issue from the WWII Stars and Stripes copyright.

General Discussion without consideration of Differences of WWII and Modern — Preceding unsigned comment added by Wwjo (talk • contribs) 09:34, 9 September 2019 (UTC)

The official disclaimer states:

"Stories and photos by Stars and Stripes staffers are copyrighted, and may not be reprinted or used without permission."

This is the disclaimer for reprinting the articles. However, I was under the impression that the newspaper was Department-of-Defense funded, and therefore a Work_of_the_United_States_Government. So, should this template (below) apply?

PD_USGov

Please advise, Nimur 18:46, 10 August 2006 (UTC)

 * The copyright notice is here; it makes it pretty clear that the contents are fully copyrighted and not in the public domain. —Angr 20:35, 29 December 2006 (UTC)

 * That doesn't make it so. There is no way that Stars and Stripes copyright claims will hold-up in court.  They are a government work despite their independent editorialization they claim they have.  Therefore, besides some of their other works such as AP reprints and some photos, all work in Stars and Stripes is copyright-free and in the public domain.  Simply accepting their claims that they're not in the public domain would be like accepting claims from Congress that their Bills are copyrighted because they say they are and we can't republish them without their permission.  It goes against the very reason why government works are not allowed to have copyright. AstralisLux (talk) 17:15, 13 March 2011 (UTC)

 * Thanks. It seems that the newspaper is "authorized" by the DoD, but it doesn't qualitfy as "work of the government."  I've erred on the side of caution thus far, so I don't think I need to hunt down any articles or images... Nimur 15:44, 2 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Again, simply because a government official claims they don't qualify as a work of the government when their entire apparatus is funded, authorized, and provided overight by the US government doesn't make it so. AstralisLux (talk) 17:15, 13 March 2011 (UTC)

 * Just a quick note; the license on the image was incorrectly changed to a PD license after a warning from BetacommandBot, so per the disclaimer on the website I've changed it back to a copyright notice and added a fair use rationale per WP:NFC. In addition, since the image was a little too large to qualify for the "minimal extent of use" criteria of WP:NFCC, I tagged it with Non-free reduce and it was subsequently resized by User:Melesse. -- jonny - m  t  07:19, 8 February 2008 (UTC)

 * You have nothing to worry about. Besides a few exceptions from works by the AP and other organizations republished in Stars and Stripes, all content otherwise in the publication is in the public domain as government works. AstralisLux (talk) 17:15, 13 March 2011 (UTC)

 * Don't know if the above editors read the S&S, but many articles currently are from commercial news services as per the byline attributions at the head of the articles. That content would have copyright protection in my understanding.--TGC55 (talk) 12:58, 4 April 2013 (UTC)

 * Pointless discussion, so far. All that's needed is documentation of their funding or charter, and the above PD_USGov template.Sadsaque (talk) 00:21, 8 February 2016 (UTC)

Dead link
During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!

 * http://www.starsandstripesmuseumlibrary.org/welcome.html
 * In Stars and Stripes (newspaper) on 2007-06-03 14:32:55, 404 Not Found
 * In Stars and Stripes (newspaper) on 2007-06-10 16:31:38, 404 Not Found

-- Stwalkerbot 16:32, 10 June 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Stars and Stripes front page.jpg
Image:Stars and Stripes front page.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use.

In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 16:06, 21 January 2008 (UTC)

accreditation?
Spanky, let's try this again. I'll check on the accreditation thing and you look into the objectivity aspects. I think the key issue is the fact that civilian management self censors the paper. Guess we'll find out. Darren Realreporterman (talk) 09:24, 2 November 2008 (UTC)

world thinks American press is censored, crocodile
Dar: Yeah, plus the world believes the American press is straight-up censored (at least by current administration, that could change soon), which is the biggest croc on the table. It would be nice to straighten out this paper since it's a bit of an icon. Like I said in the Amazon post, a bunch of bulldog civilian-sector reporters tried to convince Stripes editorial leadership as far back as 2003 that they should expand into 48-contiguous circulation, use stringers, that sort of thing to try to generate a profit. Anything is better than direct DoD funding. Ah well ... Spanky Dutifully (talk) 09:31, 2 November 2008 (UTC)

think the ombudsman will write a full-page rationalization?
Hey Darren, do you know if the current ombudsman has ever sided with a Stripes reader on an issue? Maybe someone should ask him to list all the times in which he corrected the paper on an obvious blunder, because I don't think he ever has. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Dutifully (talk • contribs) 14:30, 2 November 2008 (UTC)

"acting" ombudsman, I believe ...
Spanky, I believe he's Stripes' acting ombudsman, probably because they can't find anyone who wants to be hired as the actual ombudsman; plausible deniability, if you will. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Realreporterman (talk • contribs) 14:33, 2 November 2008 (UTC)

Cool: 2 months of freedom of the press ...
At least the Command Information Newspaper fact stayed up there for 2 months. That's the first free speech article I've seen written by a Stripes reporter in at least a quarter century. Juergensand (talk) 02:32, 10 December 2008 (UTC)

Gambling, DODDS, Asbestos ...
Looking for documentation on the following:

- DODDS: worse than the worst public school system.

- Asbestos removal in overseas military buildings (status).

- Stripes does stories concerning service member gambling problems in Korea and Germany, but they don't ask specific questions about Joint Ethics Regulations (Stripes documents inordinate amount of money generated by MWR-facility slot machines; is it as simplistic as tying the two stories together?).

User:Gamblindude|Gamblindude]] (talk) 00:16, 14 May 2009 (UTC)

Payne Award
Shouldn't there be a mention of the Payne Award for Ethics in Journalism granted in 2001 to editor David Offer for resigning due to censorship? GreenReaper (talk) 15:09, 12 November 2010 (UTC)

"Current" section is out of date
In the paragraph about "Stripes Central" the list of current reporters is out of date, Jeff Schogol is no longer with S&S, but with the Army Times publishing group (Gannett).--TGC55 (talk) 16:54, 4 April 2013 (UTC)

Stripes CONUS coverage?
Does anyone have a record of the decision/decision process (discussion?) that went into the decision for Stripes to do Stateside news coverage? I know there was discussion circa 2004, but it kept getting shot down during Stripes management round-tables. It would be an interesting footnote for their survival history, right?

Creation
Yes, the creation section may be somewhat dubious. But still we are clarifying by saying "There is, however, no continuity between this and the later newspaper bearing the same name." which makes clear this is not the "establishment" by the newspaper we know today, just a historical incident of military using the name in a publication, a sort of curiosity actually.

File:BennyGoodman.jpg listed for discussion
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:BennyGoodman.jpg, has been listed at Files for discussion. Please see the to see why it has been listed (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry). Feel free to add your opinion on the matter below the nomination. Thank you. Wikiacc (¶) 20:22, 1 May 2020 (UTC)

Notable former staffers
You might consider adding two-time Pulitzer-winner Bill Mauldin and Vice-President Al Gore to this section.Spoonpassport (talk) 20:30, 9 September 2021 (UTC)

Linda Tripp
It seems like Linda Tripp's various attempts to sue Stars and Stripes would be a valuable addition to this page. https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/story?id=121970&page=1 Spoonpassport (talk) 20:28, 9 September 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Stars and Stripes (newspaper)


text:
Gramercy

Gramercy means 'many thanks'. It is derived from the French term grand merci, meaning 'big thanks'. The term may refer to:

Places in the United States

 * Gramercy, Louisiana
 * Gramercy Park, a private park and neighborhood in New York City
 * Gramercy Park, Los Angeles

Other uses

 * Gramercy Books, an imprint of Random House
 * The Gramercy Five, a quintet formed by bandleader Artie Shaw
 * Gramercy Funds Management, an investment manager dedicated to global emerging markets based in Greenwich, CT.
 * Gramercy Mansion, a historic building in Stevenson, Maryland
 * Gramercy Pictures, a film studio, currently owned by Focus Features under Universal Pictures
 * The Gramercy Residences, a supertall residential building in Makati, Philippines
 * The Gramercy, a mixed-use development in the Las Vegas Valley
 * Gramercy Tavern, a restaurant in New York City
 * Gramercy Theatre, a venue in New York City

title: Gramercy


text:
1819 in music

This is a list of music-related events in 1819.

Events

 * February 23 - Johann Nepomuk Hummel is appointed Kapellmeister to the Weimar court, where he would remain for the rest of his life.
 * Breitkopf & Härtel publishes piano music by Maria Szymanowska.
 * Christoph Ernst Friedrich Weyse is appointed composer to the court of Denmark.
 * Franz Liszt plays for Carl Czerny for the first time. The latter is impressed and agrees to take him on as a pupil.

Classical music

 * Hector Berlioz – La Dépit de la bergère, H 7
 * João Domingos Bomtempo – Requiem in C Minor
 * Muzio Clementi – The publication of Gradus ad Parnassum Volume II is entered at Stationer's Hall, London on April 16.
 * Louis-Francois Dauprat – 3 Mélodies, Op. 25
 * Friedrich Ernst Fesca – String Quartet, Op. 12
 * Johann Nepomuk Hummel
 * Piano Sonata No.5, Op. 81
 * Piano Trio in E major, Op. 83
 * Friedrich Kuhlau – 8 Variations on a Danish Song, Op. 16
 * Ignaz Moscheles – Grande Sonate, Op. 47
 * George Onslow – Violin Sonata No.4, Op. 15
 * Anton Reicha – Andante for Wind Quintet no 2 in F major
 * Andreas Romberg – Sinfonia alla turca, Op. 51
 * Franz Schubert – Trout Quintet
 * Maria Szymanowska
 * Caprice sur la romance de Joconde
 * Grande valse
 * 6 Minuets
 * Polonaise sur l'air national favori du feu Prince Joseph Poniatowsky
 * Carl Maria von Weber
 * Rondo brillante, Op. 62
 * Polacca brillante, Op. 72

Opera

 * Saverio Mercadante – L'Apoteosi d'Ercole
 * Giovanni Pacini
 * Il falegname di Livonia
 * La sposa fedele
 * Andreas Romberg – Die Großmut des Scipio
 * Gioachino Rossini
 * Bianca e Falliero
 * La donna del lago
 * Eduardo e Cristina
 * Ermione

Births

 * January 12 – Giovanni Guicciardi, Italian opera singer (d. 1883)
 * January 18 – Henriette Nissen-Saloman, opera singer (d. 1879)
 * February 11 – Samuel Parkman Tuckerman, composer (d. 1890)
 * February 24 – Emilia Uggla, pianist (d. 1855)
 * 13 March – Henriette Wienecke, composer (d. 1907)
 * April 4 – Lucile Grahn, ballerina (d. 1907)
 * April 7 – Hubert Léonard, composer and musician (died 1890)
 * April 11 – Sir Charles Hallé, pianist and conductor (d. 1895)
 * April 18 – Franz von Suppé, composer (d. 1895)
 * May 3 – Nicola De Giosa, Italian composer (died 1885)
 * May 5
 * Achille De Bassini, operatic baritone (d. 1881)
 * Stanisław Moniuszko, composer, conductor and teacher (d. 1872)
 * May 13 – Henry Farmer, British composer (died 1891)
 * June 12 – Wilhelmina Fundin, Swedish operatic soprano (d. 1911)
 * June 20 – Jacques Offenbach, composer (d. 1880)
 * July 3 – Théodore Gouvy, composer (d. 1898)
 * July 26 – Justin Holland, classical guitarist and civil rights activist (d. 1887)
 * September 13 – Clara Schumann, pianist, composer (d. 1896)
 * September 15 – Jules Étienne Pasdeloup, composer and conductor (died 1887)
 * October 20 – Carl Mikuli, pianist, conductor, composer (d. 1897)
 * October 23 – Isaac Baker Woodbury, music collector and composer (died 1858)
 * date unknown – Ebba d'Aubert, Swedish pianist (d. 1860)

Deaths

 * March 9 – János Fusz, composer (b. 1777)
 * April 29 – Louis-Augustin Richer, classical singer, singing master and composer (b. 1740)
 * May 16 – Micaela Villegas, Peruvian entertainer (b. 1748)
 * June 20 – Maria Anna Braunhofer, operatic soprano (b. 1748)
 * June 21 – Georg Druschetzky, composer (b. 1745)
 * June 30 – Ernst Ludwig Gerber, composer and compiler of a dictionary of musicians (b. 1746)
 * September 7 – Jean-Louis Duport, cellist (b. 1749)
 * December 29 – Josepha Weber, operatic soprano (b. 1758)
 * date unknown – Anant Fandi, Marathi Shahir poet-singer (b. 1744)

title: 1819 in music


text:
1820 in music

This is a list of music-related events in 1820.

Events

 * Pietro Raimondi returns to Naples and begins his career as an opera composer.
 * The Musical Fund Society is founded at Musical Fund Hall in Philadelphia. Its first public concert on April 22, 1821, featured Beethoven's 2nd Symphony.
 * Franz Liszt plays in public for the first time in Ödenburg.

Classical music

 * Ludwig van Beethoven – Piano Sonata No. 30
 * Franz Berwald – Violin Concerto in C sharp minor, Op. 2
 * Fanny Mendelssohn-Hensel – "Annette", H-U 14
 * Friedrich Kuhlau
 * 3 Sonatinas, Op.20
 * Fantasy and Variations, Op.25
 * Felix Mendelssohn
 * "Raste Krieger, Krieg ist aus" MWV K 2
 * Violin Sonata in F major, MWV Q 7
 * Recitativo in E minor, MWV U 11
 * Piano Piece in E minor, MWV U 12
 * Piano Piece in E minor, MWV U 18
 * Ignaz Moscheles – Piano Concerto No.3, Op.58
 * Ferdinand Ries – Sextet, Op.100 (On "The Last Rose of Summer")
 * Friedrich Schneider – Das Weltgericht, Op.46
 * Franz Schubert
 * Lazarus, oratorio
 * Quartettsatz, D. 703
 * Psalm 23, D.706
 * Louis Spohr
 * Grand Rondo in G major for violin and piano, Op. 51
 * Potpourri on Irish Themes in A major, Op. 59
 * Potpourri on Themes from Mozart's Die Zauberflöte for violin and piano in F-sharp minor, Op. 50
 * Quintet for piano and winds in C minor, Op. 52
 * Symphony No. 2 in D minor, Op. 49
 * Violin Concerto No. 9 in D minor, Op. 55

Opera

 * Juan Crisóstomo Arriaga – Los Esclavos Felices
 * Friedrich Kuhlau – Elisa, Op.29 (premiered April 17)
 * Giovanni Pacini – La schiava di Bagdad (première October 28 at Teatro Carignano, Turin)
 * Gioacchino Rossini – Maometto II (premiered Dec. 3 in Naples)
 * Franz Schubert – Sakuntala, D. 701 (started, never finished)

Published popular music

 * "Hail to the Chief" – words, Sir Walter Scott; music James Sanderson
 * "D'ye Ken John Peel" – words, John Woodcock Graves. music traditional.

Births

 * January 9 – Pavel Křížkovský, conductor and composer (d. 1885)
 * February 10 – Cornelius Gurlitt, composer (d. 1901)
 * February 17 – Henri Vieuxtemps, violinist and composer (d. 1881)
 * March 24 – Fanny Crosby, American lyricist (d. 1915)
 * May 21 – Michel Lentz, lyricist of the Luxembourg national anthem (d. 1893)
 * June 22 – Franz Kroll, pianist (died 1877)
 * July 7 – George Cooper, organist (died 1876)
 * July 20 – Enrico Crivelli, Italian opera singer (d. 1870)
 * July 26 – Maria Severa Onofriana, Portuguese singer and guitarist, considered the founder of fado (d. 1846)
 * August 13 – George Grove, music writer (d. 1900)
 * August 30 – George Frederick Root, songwriter (d. 1895)
 * September 5 – Louis Köhler, pianist, composer and conductor (d. 1886)
 * October 6 – Jenny Lind, Swedish singer (d. 1887)
 * December 17 – Karl Anton Eckert, conductor and composer (d. 1879)
 * date unknown
 * Maria Severa Onofriana, fado singer (d. 1846)
 * Anna-Kajsa Norman, Swedish folk musician (d. 1903)

Deaths

 * February 2 – Peder Schall, composer (b. 1762)
 * March 26 – Jean-Étienne Despréaux, French dancer, choreographer and composer (b. 1748)
 * August 6 – Antonín Vranický, Bohemian violinist and composer (b. 1761)
 * August 28 – Antonín Kraft, cellist and composer (b. 1749)
 * October 3 – Ludwig Wenzel Lachnith, horn player and composer (b. 1746)
 * date unknown – Marie Bigot, piano teacher (b. 1786)
 * probable
 * Mikhail Matinsky, scientist, writer and composer (b. 1750)
 * Louis Joseph Saint-Amans, composer (b. 1749)

title: 1820 in music


text:
1821 in music

This article is about music-related events in 1821.

Events

 * Construction work begins on the Teatro Regio at Parma.
 * José Bernardo Alcedo wins a contest, sponsored by General José de San Martín, to choose a national anthem for Peru. The anthem is "Somos libres, seámoslo siempre," with lyrics by José de la Torre Ugarte.

Classical music

 * Ludwig van Beethoven – Piano Sonata No. 31
 * Friedrich Wilhelm Kalkbrenner – Piano Sextet Op. 58
 * Friedrich Kuhlau – 9 Variations For Piano
 * Felix Mendelssohn – Symphonies for Strings 1–6
 * George Onslow – Cello Sonata, Op.16 No.3 (with viola part)

 * Ferdinand Ries
 * 2 Piano Sonatinas, Op. 5
 * Fantasie nach Schiller's Gedicht 'Resignation', Op. 109
 * Franz Schubert
 * "Gesang der Geister über den Wassern", D.714; part song for male voices and low strings; Op.posth. 167 (1858)
 * Symphony No. 7 in E major, D 729
 * Louis Spohr
 * Clarinet Concerto No. 3 in F minor, WoO 19
 * Mass in C minor, Op. 54
 * Jan Václav Voříšek – Symphony in D
 * Carl Maria von Weber – Konzertstück in F minor, for piano and orchestra, Op. 79

Opera

 * Johann Kaspar Aiblinger – Rodrigo und Chimene
 * Michele Carafa – Jeanne d'Arc à Orléans
 * Saverio Mercadante
 * Andronico
 * Elisa e Claudio
 * Giovanni Pacini – Cesare in Egitto
 * Gioachino Rossini – Matilde di Shabran, premiered Feb. 24 in Rome.
 * Carl Maria von Weber – Der Freischütz

Publications

 * Ananias Davisson – Introduction to Sacred Music, Extracted from the Kentucky Harmony and Chiefly Intended for the Benefit of Young Scholars

Births

 * April 27 – Henry Willis, organ builder (d. 1901)
 * May 6 – Emilie Hammarskjöld, composer (d. 1854)
 * May 25 – Diederich Krug, pianist and composer (d. 1880)
 * June 15 – Nikolai Zaremba, musical theorist and composer (d. 1879)
 * June 27 – August Conradi, organist and composer (d. 1873)
 * July 18 – Pauline Viardot, singer and composer (d. 1910)
 * October 4 – Fanny Stål pianist (d. 1889)
 * October 8 – Friedrich Kiel, composer (d. 1885)
 * October 13 – Oscar Byström, academic and composer (d. 1909)
 * October 16 – Franz Doppler, flautist and composer (d. 1883)
 * October 20 – Emilio Arrieta, composer (d. 1894)
 * December 8 – Josif Runjanin, composer of the Croatian national anthem (d. 1878)
 * December 22 – Giovanni Bottesini, composer (d. 1889)

Deaths

 * March 8 – Harriett Abrams, operatic soprano (b. c.1758)
 * May 15 – John Wall Callcott, composer (b. 1766)
 * June 25 – Antoine Bullant, bassoonist and composer (born 1750)
 * August 6 – Antonio Bartolomeo Bruni, violinist, conductor and composer (born 1757)
 * August 10 – Salvatore Viganò, choreographer and composer (born 1769)
 * September 22 – Louise-Rosalie Lefebvre, "Madame Dugazon", entertainer (born 1755)
 * October 28 – Gaspare Pacchierotti, castrato singer (born 1740)
 * November 10 – Andreas Romberg, violinist and composer (born 1767)
 * date unknown
 * Jules Granier, composer (born 1770)
 * Kamalakanta Bhattacharya, Bengali poet and songwriter (born 1722)

title: 1821 in music


text:
1822 in music

This article is about music-related events in 1822.

Events

 * March 16 – Marriage of Gioacchino Rossini and Spanish soprano Isabella Colbran.
 * Official date of the invention of the accordion by Christian Friedrich Ludwig Buschmann. (This has been thrown into doubt by the discovery of an accordion apparently manufactured in 1816.)
 * The Royal Academy of Music was founded.
 * Johann Wenzel Kalliwoda became musical director to Prince Karl Egon II of Furstenburg.
 * Harpist Franz Stockhausen marries soprano Margarethe Schmuck.
 * Franz Liszt arrives in Vienna and commences piano lessons with Carl Czerny and theory lessons with Antonio Salieri. The latter writes a letter to Prince Esterhazy to advocate for Liszt's continued study in Vienna. On December 1, Liszt gives his first public performance in Vienna, sharing the billing with Caroline Unger. He plays Hummel's Piano Concerto No. 2.

Popular music

 * "Araby's Daughter" (song) w. Thomas Moore m. George Kiallmark. The words are derived from Moore's "Farewell to Araby's Daughter" published in 1817.

Classical music

 * Ludwig van Beethoven
 * Sonata op. 111 in C minor
 * Gratulations Menuett for Orchestra, WoO 3
 * The Consecration of the House
 * Fernandino Carulli – 3 Nocturnes concertants, Op. 143
 * Mauro Giuliani – Serenade, Op. 19
 * Johann Nepomuk Hummel – Birthday Cantata for Goethe
 * Niels Peter Jensen – Flute Sonata, Op. 6
 * Friedrich Kuhlau
 * Violin Sonata, Op. 33
 * Leichte Variationen über sechs Oestreichische Volkslieder, Op. 42
 * 3 Sonatinas, Op. 44
 * Luigi Legnani – 36 Caprices, Op. 20
 * Franz Liszt – Variation on a Waltz by Diabelli
 * Ferdo Livadić – Nocturne in F-sharp minor
 * Joseph Mayseder – String Quartet No.6, Op. 23
 * Felix Mendelssohn
 * Concerto for Piano and Strings in A minor
 * Piano Quartet No. 1 in C minor
 * Sinfonia for Strings No. 7 in D minor
 * Sinfonia for Strings No. 8 in D Major
 * Brizio Petrucci – Requiem Mass
 * Anton Reicha – Wind Quintet, Op. 99 Nos. 2, 5
 * Ferdinand Ries – Variations, Op. 105 Nos. 1 and 2
 * Pierre Rode – 24 Caprices for Solo Violin, Op. 22
 * Franz Schubert
 * Symphony no. 8 in B minor,"Unfinished"
 * Wanderer Fantasy
 * Der Wachtelschlag, D.742
 * Die Rose, D.745
 * Geist der Liebe, D.747
 * Am Geburtstage des Kaisers, D.748
 * Heliopolis, D.753
 * Jan Václav Voříšek – Impromptu

Opera

 * Gaetano Donizetti – Zoraida di Granata
 * Giacomo Meyerbeer – L'esule di Granata
 * Franz Schubert
 * Die Verschworenen, D.787
 * Alfonso und Estrella

Births

 * January 8 – Carlo Alfredo Piatti, cellist (d. 1901)
 * February 14 – Betty Boije, Finnish-Swedish contralto and composer (d. 1854)
 * February 26 – Franz Strauss, horn player and composer, father of Richard Strauss (d. 1905)
 * February 28 – Nicolas Maline, luthier (d. 1877)
 * March 7 – Victor Massé, composer (d. 1884)
 * April 3 – Elma Ström, Swedish opera singer (d. 1889)
 * April 8 – Giuseppe Apolloni, opera composer (d. 1889)
 * April 25 – James Pierpont, songwriter (d. 1893)
 * May 27 – Joachim Raff, pianist, composer and music teacher (d. 1882)
 * July 22 – Luigi Arditi, violinist, conductor and composer (d. 1903)
 * August 15 – Wilhelm Rust, musicologist and composer (d. 1892)
 * October 13 – Carl Martin Reinthaler, organist, conductor and composer (d. 1896)
 * October 14 – Julie Berwald, singer.
 * October 15 – Kornél Ábrányi, pianist and composer (d. 1903)
 * December 3 – Korla Awgust Kocor, conductor and composer (d. 1904)
 * December 10 – César Franck, organist and composer (d. 1890)
 * December 16 – Charles Edward Horsley (d.1876)
 * December 22 – Charles Lebouc, cellist (d. 1893)
 * date unknown – Giulio Regondi, guitarist and composer (d. 1872)

Deaths

 * January – Americo Sbigoli, operatic tenor (burst blood vessel)
 * February 2 – Jean-Baptiste Davaux, French violinist and composer, 79
 * March 2 – Hermann Uber, composer, 40
 * March 19 – Józef Wybicki, soldier-poet, lyricist of the Polish national anthem, 74
 * March 22 – Johann Wilhelm Hässler, organist, pianist and composer, 74/5
 * April 3 – Édouard Du Puy, violinist, singer and composer, 51/2
 * June 25 – E. T. A. Hoffmann, composer and author, inspiration for Tales of Hoffmann, 46
 * August 25 – William Herschel, British astronomer and composer, 83
 * September 8 – Joseph Karl Ambrosch, operatic tenor and composer, 63
 * October 16 – Eva Marie Veigel, dancer, 98
 * November 18 – Anton Teyber, pianist and composer, 66
 * December 28 – Albert Christoph Dies, composer and painter, 67

title: 1822 in music


text:
Curtisia

Curtisia dentata (commonly known as the Assegai tree or Cape lancewood, Assegaai, Umgxina, Umagunda) is a flowering tree from Southern Africa. It is the sole species in genus Curtisia, which was originally classed as a type of "dogwood" (Cornaceae), but is now placed in its own unique family Curtisiaceae.

It is increasingly popular as an ornamental tree for gardens, with dark glossy foliage and sprays of pure white berries. The bark of this tree is a very popular component of traditional African medicine, leading to overexploitation and a decline in the species in some areas of South Africa. The tree is protected in South Africa.

Name
This tree gets its common name from the African spear - the Zulu Assegai - which was traditionally made from this tree's strong wood. The Zulu would intentionally damage the tree's main trunk, causing the tree to coppice from its base. The straight, strong shoots of the coppice were used for the shafts of the spears.

Its genus name, "Curtisia", is from the botanist William Curtis (founder of The Botanical Magazine) and "dentata" is simply the Latin for "toothed", referring to the slightly serrated margins of its leaves.

Appearance
A medium to tall evergreen tree (up to 15 m in height), usually immediately recognizable due to the striking contrast between its dark, glossy foliage and its sprays of cream-white berries. It has a clean, unbuttressed bole and the bark is smooth and grey or cinnamon-coloured. The leaves have pointed tips and toothed edges, and are arranged in opposite pairs. The leaf surface is smooth and dark glossy green, while the stalks and the twigs are covered in silky reddish hair. Very young growth is also velvety to the touch and bronze-gold in colour. The tiny flowers are cream-coloured and velvety, but relatively inconspicuous.

The tree bears dense clusters of small, white berries. They generally appear in winter and are pure white (sometimes tinged with pink or red). They remain on the tree for a long time and can be very decorative.

Distribution
The Assegai tree grows in the forests of South Africa and Eswatini, ranging from sea level to 1,800 m elevation, and from Cape Town in the south to Limpopo province in the north. It also grows in Afromontane forest in the Eastern Highlands along the border of Zimbabwe and Mozambique, and Mount Gorongosa in Mozambique. In deep Afromontane forest it grows into a tall tree, but on open mountain slopes and by the coast it remains a small bushy tree. Curtisia has been in decline in some areas, as its bark is highly valued for traditional medicine. It is now a Protected Tree in South Africa.

Growing Curtisia dentata
The Assegai tree is attractive, fast-growing and hardy. When planted alone, it grows into a shapely, evergreen tree. Planted in a row it makes an attractive, tall, leafy hedge and it grows especially dense and bushy when planted in the sun. However, it can be grown in light shade as well as full sun, and its roots are non-invasive so it can also be planted near to buildings. It does not create much leaf litter, and it is storm-firm due to its deep roots and tough branches. The tree's edible (but bitter) berries also attract birds to the garden.

The bark of this tree is widely used as a traditional medicine for curing stomach ailments and diarrhoea. It is also reputed to be an aphrodisiac. Due to this, the tree is often overexploited and even effectively exterminated from some parts of the country.

The Assegai is best propagated by seed. Remove the fleshing covering of its white berries and plant them in moist soil. Germination takes a few weeks and seedlings grow rapidly, though they should be kept well-watered and out of direct sunlight. It is sensitive to frost and drought, although established trees can survive both.

title: Curtisia


text:
1823 in music

This article is about music-related events in 1823.

Events

 * April 13 – According to his official biographer, Gustav Schilling, eleven-year-old Franz Liszt gives a concert after which he is personally congratulated by Ludwig van Beethoven; however, there is no record of Beethoven having attended the concert.
 * May 8 - The most famous song of the nineteenth century Home, Sweet Home was sung for the first time in London. (melody by Englishman Sir Henry Bishop, lyrics by John Howard Payne.
 * August 12 – Hector Berlioz writes to the journal Le Corsaire defending Gaspare Spontini's opera La vestale.
 * Gioachino Rossini arrives in London and is presented to King George IV.
 * The arpeggione is invented by Viennese guitar maker Johann Georg Staufer.
 * Soprano Henriette Méric-Lalande catches the attention of the critic Castil-Blaze, who introduces her to the famous tenor Manuel García, thereby advancing her career.
 * Franz Liszt is denied entry into the Paris Conservatory by the Director, Luigi Cherubini, who states that he cannot admit foreigners.

Classical music

 * Christian Frederik Barth – Oboe Concerto, Op.12
 * Ludwig van Beethoven
 * Diabelli Variations, Op. 120
 * Missa Solemnis, Op. 123
 * Vincenzo Bellini – Oboe Concerto in E-flat major
 * Hector Berlioz – Amitié, reprends ton empire, H 10b
 * Ferdinando Carulli – Duos Nocturnes, Op. 189
 * Carl Czerny – Toccata, Op. 92
 * Louis Ferdinand, Prince of Prussia – Rondo, Op. 13
 * Mauro Giuliani – 6 Variations, Op. 112
 * Mikhail Glinka – Andante Cantabile and Rondo
 * Johann Nepomuk Hummel
 * Nocturne, theme et variations, Op. 99
 * Introduction, theme et variations, Op. 102
 * Friedrich Wilhelm Kalkbrenner – Piano Concerto No. 1, Op. 61
 * August Alexander Klengel – Piano Trio, Op. 36
 * Ernst Krähmer – Variations brillantes, Op. 18
 * Franz Krommer
 * Flute Quintet, Op. 101
 * Symphony No. 6 in D
 * Friedrich Kuhlau
 * 3 Flute Quintets, Op. 51
 * 6 Sonatinas, Op. 55
 * Giovanni Morandi – Raccolta di sonate per gli organi moderni No.4
 * George Onslow
 * Piano Trio No. 7, Op. 20
 * Grand Sonata No. 2, Op. 22
 * String Quintets Nos.7-9, Opp. 23–25
 * Ferdinand Ries
 * Symphony Nos. 4 and 5, Opp. 110 and 112
 * Introduction et rondeau sur une danse russe, Op. 113, No. 1
 * Piano Sonata, Op. 114
 * Cello Sonata No. 4 in G minor, Op. 125
 * Christian Heinrich Rinck – 12 Adagios for Organ, Op. 57
 * Bernhard Romberg – Cello Concerto No. 5, Op. 30
 * Franz Schubert –
 * Die Schöne Müllerin
 * Drang in die Ferne, D. 770
 * Der Zwerg, D.771
 * Wehmut, D.772
 * Auf dem Wasser zu singen, D. 774
 * Louis Spohr
 * Potpourri on Irish Themes, Op. 59
 * String Quartet No.18, Op. 61

Stage works

 * Gaetano Donizetti – Alfredo il grande
 * Mary Fauche – The Shepherd King, Op.1
 * Saverio Mercadante – Didone abbandonata
 * Gioachino Rossini – Semiramide
 * Franz Schubert
 * Fierrabras
 * Rosamunde
 * Carl Maria von Weber – Euryanthe

Popular Music

 * "Home! Sweet Home!" w. John Howard Payne m. Henry Bishop

Publications

 * Alling Brown – The Gamut, or Scale of Music (New Haven: A. H. Maltby and Co.)
 * Thomas Busby – A Musical Manual (London: Goulding & D'Almaine)
 * Emanuel Aloys Förster – Anleitung zum General-Baß
 * Philippe Marc Antoine Geslin – Exposition de la gamme (Paris)

Births

 * January 1 – Sándor Petőfi, lyricist (died 1849)
 * January 3 – Jacques-Nicolas Lemmens, organist and composer (died 1881)
 * January 5 – William Smith Rockstro, musicologist and musician (died 1895)
 * January 21 – Alexandre Édouard Goria, pianist and composer (died 1860)
 * January 27 – Édouard Lalo, composer (died 1892)
 * June 2 – Carl Christian Møller, composer (died 1893)
 * June 30 – Selmar Bagge, composer (died 1896)
 * July 22 – Paulina Rivoli, operatic soprano (died 1881)
 * August 3 – Francisco Ansenjo Barbieri, composer (died 1894)
 * August 14 – Karel Miry, Belgian composer (died 1889)
 * August 15 – Léon Gastinel, French composer (died 1906)
 * August 16 – Adolphe Herman, composer (died 1903)
 * August 17 – Theodor Julius Jaffé, opera singer and actor (died 1898)
 * October 21 – Emilio Arrieta, composer (died 1894)
 * October 28 – William Spark, musician (died 1897)
 * November 4 – Karel Komzák I, composer and conductor (died 1893)
 * November 26 – Thomas Tellefsen, pianist and composer (died 1874)
 * December 1 – Ernest Reyer, opera composer and music critic (died 1909)
 * December 10 – Theodor Kirchner, composer and musician (died 1903)
 * December 11 – David Bennett, Canadian soldier and musician (died 1902)
 * date unknown – John Diamond, dancer and minstrel (died 1857)

Deaths

 * February 16 – Johann Gottfried Schicht, conductor and composer (born 1753)
 * March 1 – Pierre-Jean Garat, singer (born 1764)
 * March 18 – Jean-Baptiste Breval, French cellist and composer (born 1753)
 * April – Jacques Widerkehr, Alsatian composer (born 1759)
 * April 15 – Louis Deland, actor, singer and dancer (born 1772)
 * June 20 – Theodor von Schacht, German composer (born 1748)
 * October 2 – Daniel Steibelt, German pianist and composer (born 1765)
 * November 12 – Emanuel Aloys Förster, composer and music teacher (born 1748)
 * date unknown – Federigo Fiorillo, composer and musician (born 1755)

title: 1823 in music


text:
William Windom

William Windom (May 10, 1827 – January 29, 1891) was an American politician from Minnesota. He served as U.S. Representative from 1859 to 1869, and as U.S. Senator from 1870 to January 1871, from March 1871 to March 1881, and from November 1881 to 1883. He also served two non-consecutive times as Secretary of the Treasury from March to November 1881, and from 1889 to 1891, under three Presidents. He was a Republican. He was the great-grandfather of actor William Windom, who was named for him.

Early life
Windom was born in Belmont County, Ohio. He moved to Minnesota Territory in 1855 and settled in the town of Winona on the banks of the Mississippi River in southeastern Minnesota.

Political career
Windom was elected U.S. Representative in 1859, filling one of Minnesota's two at-large seats. He was re-elected in 1861, again at-large. By 1862, Minnesota had established Congressional districts, and in that year he was re-elected from Minnesota's 1st congressional district; and also in 1864 and 1866. He was not a candidate in 1868.

Senator Daniel S. Norton died on July 13, 1870. On July 15, Governor Alexander Ramsey appointed Windom to the resulting vacancy, to serve until the legislature elected a replacement. When the legislature met in January 1871, they elected Ozora P. Stearns to serve the last 41 days of the current term (January 22 – March 3), and elected Windom to serve the next full term, beginning March 4. Windom was re-elected in 1877, and served until March 7, 1881, when he resigned to become Secretary of the Treasury.

In the United States Senate, Windom was recognized as a strong advocate of railroad regulation. Indeed, in December 1872, he became the chairman of the Senate Select Committee on Transportation Routes to the Seaboard to investigate transportation practices. The select committee's report was submitted to the Senate on April 24, 1874, and was ordered to be printed the same day. The analytical report, among other conclusions and recommendations, recommended a Bureau of Commerce; it would have all the basic elements of the Interstate Commerce Commission, as created thirteen years later, in January 1887, and other follow-on. Almost 35 years later the Progressive Era Inland Waterways Commission, looking into similar issues and many new ones, would recognize the "Report of the Windom Select Committee" as the third epoch in the movement toward developing the inland waterways of the country.

In 1880, Windom sought the Republican nomination for President. But at the Republican National Convention, he received only 10 votes on the first ballot. The convention deadlocked, and after over 30 ballots began to consider choosing a "dark horse" candidate, such as Windom. But instead of Windom, they nominated James A. Garfield, who was subsequently elected president.

On March 7, 1881, Windom resigned from the Senate and was appointed Secretary of the Treasury by Garfield, taking office the next day.

Windom served as Treasury Secretary until November 13, when he resigned. On October 26, he was again elected Senator by the Minnesota Legislature, this time to fill the vacancy left by his own resignation. He re-assumed his Senate seat on November 15 and served until the end of his term on March 3, 1883. He sought re-election in 1882, but was defeated.

In 1883, he moved to New York City, where he practiced law until 1889. After President Benjamin Harrison was elected in 1888, he appointed Windom as Secretary of the Treasury. Taking office on March 8, 1889, Windom served as Treasury Secretary until his death on January 29, 1891. He died while giving a speech in the famous Delmonico's Steak House in New York City.

Memorials
Windom's engraved portrait appeared on the $2.00 denomination of U.S. silver certificates from 1891 to 1896. The revenue cutter USS Windom was named for him, as was a World War II Liberty Ship.

The city of Windom in Cottonwood County, Minnesota is named for him.

Windom College in Montevideo, Minnesota is named for him.

Windom Park in Winona, Minnesota is named after him, as are Windom Northeast Park and Windom South Park in Minneapolis.

The Windom and Windom Park neighborhoods in Minneapolis are named after him.

William Windom is the namesake of Windom Peak, in Colorado.

title: William Windom