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Talk:Chinese tea culture

Old talk 1
"In Chinese culture, people make serious apologies to others by pouring tea on them." Pouring tea ON them? That sounds like a vandalism to me (but I'm unsure.) Anyone? 67.160.86.119 11:34, 10 July 2007 (UTC)

Old talk 2
This is From Ho: Well, this is a pretty good start for the page.(Thanks =P) But the direction of the page now is a little bit further apart from the one we've discussed and we're supposed to do. Should we make it more HONG KONG BASED? Or at least include this page with more information concerning the connection between Chinese Tea Culture and Hong Kong people?

I don't know, but anyway, if no objection, i will add a subtopic stating that this page is particular for Hong Kong.

Best wishes for U all~!

 * Ho, your Wiki does not have to be about Hong Kong. I said Hong Kong only because it was something I was SURE that everyone knew about.  But Chinese tea culture is fine, in general.  You can have a subsection in this entry just about Hong Kong specific stuff.  How about that?

From H0113309(Hing):

actually i think start by talking Chinese tea culture is fine, as tea culture is started from China. Hong Kong tea culture also comes from China. There are many similar things between China and Hong Kong tea culture. So, we can add some more about Hong Kong base on the Chinese's tea culture.

I took some photo about teapots and tea. should I add them just under the articles?

 * If they are meaningful to the article, by all means put them in there. Keep them small, though.  Don't make too big   Fuzheado 03:42 15 Jul 2003 (UTC)

Yo is Ho again, nothing but to say hi this time.. I don't know what will be the deadline of this thing, Monday or 17thJuly?? anyone know that? HO

From Hing, I added some pic to the page ar. but actually i don't know it's such large!! can anyone tell me how to modify them? or you can help me to do so! Thanx!! (those pic is took by me, i took all my father's brewing tea utensils out.)

From HO, Hing, Those are nice pictures~! to reduce the size of them u may edit the picture by program like photoshop (chopping it) and the post it again.

From Hing: actually, i cut those pictures before uploading, all the pictures are of differnent sizes, but don't know why they come out with the same size!

From HO, I have finished cutting the size of the pictures, but for Hing, i know there were words for the pictures when clicked. But as the new ones are submitted by me, there aren't anymore. So, do u mind adding it back? And did u guy read the E-mail by ALih? We are doing quite a good job now, keep it on~!

Old talk 3
Moved Chinese Tea Culture to Chinese tea culture. Proper-common noun distinction. --Menchi

Old talk 4
Hong Kongers, you can sign your name with 4 "~" ( ~ ).

The grammar and english usage in this article is horrible. Someone needs to take the time to fix it.

--Jiang 05:29 16 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * The grammar is ok -- mine isn't much better! FearÉIREANN commented this non-native English mistakes on the mailing list about 2 months ago and suggested some kinda special watchlist or -page, but nothing really concluded. Anyway, I see them as: If you see them, fix them if you like to or really can't stand it. Otherwise, we just move on and do our own interested things -- like what I'm about to do.... --Menchi 21:08 16 Jul 2003 (UTC)

Old talk 5
I'm going to start the process of translating from Chinglish into English. (Use of the term "Chinglish" is tongue-in-cheek. Please don't get snippy.)  I'd appreciate any help people could offer. This is a massive article.... --MTR (严加华) 13:35 22 Jul 2003 (UTC)

Old talk 6
Someone with the know-how could reduce the size of those images. They are waay to large. --Jiang 07:42 23 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * I made the images half the size of the former ones and quickly ran them through some color correction. Is that what you wanted? -- cheers, --synthetik 13:36 23 Jul 2003 (UTC)

Old talk 7
Just a note about the "Thank You" section: I lived in northern China for a year, and was told all about the custom of tapping the finger to give thanks for someone else pouring my tea. This also logically follows, as the tradition originated in Beijing. Do you suppose the contributor confused north and south when writing that section? Sun da sheng 01:34, 31 October 2006 (UTC)

Sweetener/lemon
Can someone knowledgeable add something about the use of sweeteners (rock sugar or other sweeteners) and lemon in Chinese traditional tea culture? Badagnani 03:37, 17 May 2007 (UTC)

Etymology
By the way, what is the meaning of these words in the section "Etymology"? thay also eat dogs thay also eat monkeys thay also eat cow poop It seems they are such kind of vandalizing and they have nothing to do with the article about chinese tea. Citra28 17:02, 2 June 2007 (UTC)

Possibly Some Vandalism
I saw this when I was reading through the article:

Kungfu cha is drunk in Chaoshan because it is part of the Chaoshan culture. They have a term for it and cannot be translated to another Chinese language. In Chaoshan hua [using Guangdong PinYin for Chaoshan hua], it is Ain7goin1 Bhung7Huê3 閒間文化[閒间文化]. It is when friends and family get together in a room to drink Kungfu cha and chat. During such occasions, tradition and culture are passed on to the younger generation.

"Kungfu cha" and "Ain8goin1 Bhung7Huê3"... right.

I suggest that this page be retyped, especially due to the lack (absence) of sources. MastaFighta 04:22, 10 August 2007 (UTC)

No source citations
I added a unreferenced tag to the page since no there are no source citations. MastaFighta 01:23, 13 August 2007 (UTC)

Teahouse scam
This section seems more applicable to WikiTravel than Wikipedia, and it would be helpful to know how much a tea ceremony should cost to know if one is being scammed. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Standoor (talk • contribs) 09:41, 24 April 2008 (UTC)
 * With a highly aesthetic product, currency flucuations, and a culture of negotiating? Here is the rule: If you are invited to one, the host should pay and dismiss your attempts to do so.  If the host does not, then something is amiss.  If money ever leaves your hand, the host is either banking or loosing face.

 * Besides, don't assume the scam will cheat you on the price. The "new friends" who invite you to the tea house may simply be drawing customers under false pretenses. Just ask yourself "where am I?" and if it's a page in your guidebook, they are probably more friendly than friend. 58.247.169.160 (talk) 10:44, 6 August 2008 (UTC)

deleted or archived
most the above discussion sections should either be deleted or archived. icetea (talk) 07:29, 26 August 2010 (UTC)

tea terminology
This is an informative article, I have included a few new sections, feel free to edit. On my wiki user page I have some tea culture and ceremony information. On the article Japanese tea ceremony/chado the term 茶道 should have a redirect choice or going the the Chinese tea culture article until a Chinese tea ceremony/chadao is created.
 * Added a choice from 茶道 The Way of Tea, to Japanese tea ceremony, Chinese tea ceremony.

icetea (talk) 10:59, 26 August 2010 (UTC)

Tea Ceremony redirects here
Which is ambiguous. No discussion of the greater Zen Tea Ceremony is here. Perhaps some further article subdivision or better cross-referencing is required. 203.161.144.190 (talk) 05:16, 4 February 2011 (UTC)

Article needs to have a Chinese tea ceremony section. icetea8 (talk) 03:56, 5 February 2011 (UTC)

chayi and chadao
I reverted back to chadao, in Chinese, Japanese and Korean, they all have the term chadao茶道.

icetea8 (talk) 14:56, 6 February 2011 (UTC)

Reference: coverbowl(gaiwan) and teapot
This needed citation since 2010.6 and was removed; I will put here for reference.

− ====Brewing tea using a Gaiwan==== − #Boil water, or heat to specified temperature for tea − #Heat the teaware with boiling water − #Add leaves to line bottom of the cup − #Rinse tea leaves and drain − #Slip water along the side while pouring into the Chaou − #Fill to ~2/3 full − #Wait for 30 seconds, Serve

− ====A Gongfu Tea(Cha) method==== − # Boil water. − # Rinse the teapot with hot water. − # Fill the teapot with tea leaves up to one third of the height of the pot. − # Rinse the tea leaves by filling the pot with hot water up to half full and draining the water immediately leaving only tea leaves behind. (This step, and all subsequent steps involving pouring water, should be performed in a large bowl to catch any overflow.) − # Pour more hot water into the teapot and pour water over the teapot in the large bowl. Bubbles should not be permitted to be formed in the teapot. The infusion should not be steeped for too long: 30 seconds is an appropriate maximum. − # Pour the first infusion into small serving cups within a minute by continuously moving the teapot around over the cups. Each cup of tea is expected to have the same flavour, aroma and colour. The nature of this procedure almost mandates the use of some form of drip tray to catch further spillage. − # Pour excess tea from the first infusion, and all tea from further infusions, into a second teapot after steeping. It is possible to draw five or six good infusions from a single pot of tea, but subsequent infusions must be extended somewhat in duration to extract maximum flavour: the second infusion extended by approximately ten seconds to 40 seconds, the third extended to 45, etc. icetea8 (talk) 16:39, 14 March 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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Definition and contents
I think the definition of Chinese tea culture given in this page Chinese tea culture refers to how tea is prepared as well as the occasions when people consume tea in China. is too reductive and covers only a portion of what the term "Chinese tea culture" actually means. Accordingly, the content of the page is also mainly limited to tea drinking habits. I would suggest considering the definition given in the Chinese version (中国茶文化) or that given in the page Tea Culture: Tea culture is defined by the way tea is made and consumed, by the way the people interact with tea, and by the aesthetics surrounding tea drinking. It includes aspects of tea production, tea brewing, tea arts and ceremony, society, history, health, ethics, education, and communication and media issues. Aside from some questionable aspects, I think that the contents of the Chinese version can offer some inspiration for enhancing this page, adding sections about Tea Books (Chajing and its followers), Tea and the Arts, Tea in Religion, etc. --Wen Ming Zhai (talk) 19:26, 10 July 2018 (UTC)

 * I don't think you should change the lead based off the Tea Culture article which concerns tea culture all around the world (it may be different in China). However, feel free to translate the contents of the Chinese version to expand this article; provided the article has cited reliable sources and you remember to provide attribution. ~  Araratic  | talk  07:10, 11 July 2018 (UTC)

Thanks for sharing the Chinese tea culture.
I wonder where the Chinese tea culture most expands within China. Maw39 (talk) 23:10, 17 January 2020 (UTC)Maw39

No anthropological or social scientific perspective or reference
An article like this one should be based on scientific - i.e. in this case historical, sociological and anthropological - research. The bibliography and the content contains non of those. I would be grateful if those could be provided. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Pwjohnson (talk • contribs) 10:12, 25 April 2020 (UTC)

Modified Article
Hi Wikipedians, As a part of a college assignment, I have modified the existing wiki page on Chinese Tea culture. I added information to the article and have provided external sources. Modifications were as followed: Separated Chinese tea culture from Chinese tea ceremony, expanded tea ceremony section by including more detail regarding the ceremony, and expanded tea drinking customs. Added the follow sections: Tea culture history to cover the changes through the dynasties in the 20th and 21st centuries, Tea competition, and tea arts. I also found scholarly sources to improve the quality of its information. I hope my contributions were helpful and I am open to any suggestions. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Handrew2depaul (talk • contribs) 16:54, 1 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Chinese tea culture


text:
Synthetic geometry

Synthetic geometry (sometimes referred to as axiomatic geometry or even pure geometry) is geometry without the use of coordinates. It relies on the axiomatic method for proving all results from a few basic properties initially called postulate, and at present called axioms.

The term "synthetic geometry" was coined only after the 17th century, and the introduction by René Descartes of the coordinate method, which was called analytic geometry. So the term "synthetic geometry" was introduced to refer to the older methods that were, before Descartes, the only known ones.

According to Felix Klein Synthetic geometry is that which studies figures as such, without recourse to formulae, whereas analytic geometry consistently makes use of such formulae as can be written down after the adoption of an appropriate system of coordinates.

The first systematic approach for synthetic geometry is Euclid's Elements. However, it appeared at the end of the 19th century that Euclid's postulates were not sufficient for characterizing geometry. The first complete axiom system for geometry was given only at the end of the 19th century by David Hilbert. At the same time, it appeared that both synthetic methods and analytic methods can be used to build geometry. The fact that the two approches are equivalent has been proved by Emil Artin in his book Geometric Algebra.

Because of this equivalence, the distinction between synthetic and analytic geometry is no more in use, except at elementary level, or for geometries that are not related to any sort of numbers, such as some finite geometries and non-Desarguesian geometry.

Logical synthesis
The process of logical synthesis begins with some arbitrary but definite starting point. This starting point is the introduction of primitive notions or primitives and axioms about these primitives:
 * Primitives are the most basic ideas. Typically they include both objects and relationships. In geometry, the objects are things such as points, lines and planes, while a fundamental relationship is that of incidence – of one object meeting or joining with another. The terms themselves are undefined. Hilbert once remarked that instead of points, lines and planes one might just as well talk of tables, chairs and beer mugs, the point being that the primitive terms are just empty placeholders and have no intrinsic properties.
 * Axioms are statements about these primitives; for example, any two points are together incident with just one line (i.e. that for any two points, there is just one line which passes through both of them). Axioms are assumed true, and not proven. They are the building blocks of geometric concepts, since they specify the properties that the primitives have.

From a given set of axioms, synthesis proceeds as a carefully constructed logical argument. When a significant result is proved rigorously, it becomes a theorem.

Properties of axiom sets
There is no fixed axiom set for geometry, as more than one consistent set can be chosen. Each such set may lead to a different geometry, while there are also examples of different sets giving the same geometry. With this plethora of possibilities, it is no longer appropriate to speak of "geometry" in the singular.

Historically, Euclid's parallel postulate has turned out to be independent of the other axioms. Simply discarding it gives absolute geometry, while negating it yields hyperbolic geometry. Other consistent axiom sets can yield other geometries, such as projective, elliptic, spherical or affine geometry.

Axioms of continuity and "betweenness" are also optional, for example, discrete geometries may be created by discarding or modifying them.

Following the Erlangen program of Klein, the nature of any given geometry can be seen as the connection between symmetry and the content of the propositions, rather than the style of development.

History
Euclid's original treatment remained unchallenged for over two thousand years, until the simultaneous discoveries of the non-Euclidean geometries by Gauss, Bolyai, Lobachevsky and Riemann in the 19th century led mathematicians to question Euclid's underlying assumptions.

One of the early French analysts summarized synthetic geometry this way:
 * The Elements of Euclid are treated by the synthetic method. This author, after having posed the axioms, and formed the requisites, established the propositions which he proves successively being supported by that which preceded, proceeding always from the simple to compound, which is the essential character of synthesis.

The heyday of synthetic geometry can be considered to have been the 19th century, when analytic methods based on coordinates and calculus were ignored by some geometers such as Jakob Steiner, in favor of a purely synthetic development of projective geometry. For example, the treatment of the projective plane starting from axioms of incidence is actually a broader theory (with more models) than is found by starting with a vector space of dimension three. Projective geometry has in fact the simplest and most elegant synthetic expression of any geometry.

In his Erlangen program, Felix Klein played down the tension between synthetic and analytic methods:
 * On the Antithesis between the Synthetic and the Analytic Method in Modern Geometry:
 * The distinction between modern synthesis and modern analytic geometry must no longer be regarded as essential, inasmuch as both subject-matter and methods of reasoning have gradually taken a similar form in both. We choose therefore in the text as common designation of them both the term projective geometry. Although the synthetic method has more to do with space-perception and thereby imparts a rare charm to its first simple developments, the realm of space-perception is nevertheless not closed to the analytic method, and the formulae of analytic geometry can be looked upon as a precise and perspicuous statement of geometrical relations. On the other hand, the advantage to original research of a well formulated analysis should not be underestimated, - an advantage due to its moving, so to speak, in advance of the thought. But it should always be insisted that a mathematical subject is not to be considered exhausted until it has become intuitively evident, and the progress made by the aid of analysis is only a first, though a very important, step.

The close axiomatic study of Euclidean geometry led to the construction of the Lambert quadrilateral and the Saccheri quadrilateral. These structures introduced the field of non-Euclidean geometry where Euclid's parallel axiom is denied. Gauss, Bolyai and Lobachevski independently constructed hyperbolic geometry, where parallel lines have an angle of parallelism that depends on their separation. This study became widely accessible through the Poincaré disc model where motions are given by Möbius transformations. Similarly, Riemann, a student of Gauss's, constructed Riemannian geometry, of which elliptic geometry is a particular case.

Another example concerns inversive geometry as advanced by Ludwig Immanuel Magnus, which can be considered synthetic in spirit. The closely related operation of reciprocation expresses analysis of the plane.

Karl von Staudt showed that algebraic axioms, such as commutativity and associativity of addition and multiplication, were in fact consequences of incidence of lines in geometric configurations. David Hilbert showed that the Desargues configuration played a special role. Further work was done by Ruth Moufang and her students. The concepts have been one of the motivators of incidence geometry.

When parallel lines are taken as primary, synthesis produces affine geometry. Though Euclidean geometry is both an affine and metric geometry, in general affine spaces may be missing a metric. The extra flexibility thus afforded makes affine geometry appropriate for the study of spacetime, as discussed in the history of affine geometry.

In 1955 Herbert Busemann and Paul J. Kelley sounded a nostalgic note for synthetic geometry:
 * Although reluctantly, geometers must admit that the beauty of synthetic geometry has lost its appeal for the new generation. The reasons are clear: not so long ago synthetic geometry was the only field in which the reasoning proceeded strictly from axioms, whereas this appeal — so fundamental to many mathematically interested people — is now made by many other fields.

For example, college studies now include linear algebra, topology, and graph theory where the subject is developed from first principles, and propositions are deduced by elementary proofs. Expecting to replace synthetic with analytic geometry leads to loss of geometric content.

Today's student of geometry has axioms other than Euclid's available: see Hilbert's axioms and Tarski's axioms.

Ernst Kötter published a (German) report in 1901 on "The development of synthetic geometry from Monge to Staudt (1847)";

Proofs using synthetic geometry
Synthetic proofs of geometric theorems make use of auxiliary constructs (such as helping lines) and concepts such as equality of sides or angles and similarity and congruence of triangles. Examples of such proofs can be found in the articles Butterfly theorem, Angle bisector theorem, Apollonius' theorem, British flag theorem, Ceva's theorem, Equal incircles theorem, Geometric mean theorem, Heron's formula, Isosceles triangle theorem, Law of cosines, and others that are linked to here.

Computational synthetic geometry
In conjunction with computational geometry, a computational synthetic geometry has been founded, having close connection, for example, with matroid theory. Synthetic differential geometry is an application of topos theory to the foundations of differentiable manifold theory.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Synthetic geometry


text:
Talk:Thales's theorem

Correct name?
Surely it should be Thales's theroem or Thales Theorem...? Jmccann: I agree.

Jmccann: I know the Greek letters don't look good, I'll spiff it up if someone else doesn't get to it first.

 * http://www.bartleby.com/141/strunk.html#1

 * I quote: Form the possessive singular of nouns with 's. But, later, Exceptions are the possessives of ancient proper names in -es and -is.

Jmccann: As a James, I am always bugged when someone refers to my stuff as James' (as if James is the plural of Jame). I left it as is because there seem to be several links to it.  Basically, I am not excited enough to get worked up about it.  My vote is for Thales's theorem.  I had never heard of an exception for ancient proper names before this.

 * I think it is an exception for other words and names ending in "s" too, or at least it was. Eric Kvaalen (talk) 16:19, 24 January 2009 (UTC)

 * I think "Thales' Theorem" is correct. The spelling, not the theorem. Although that looks pretty correct, too. -- ESP 17:26 14 Jul 2003 (UTC)

 * When it comes to theorems of Greeks whose names end with an -s, there are usually three varations: Thales' theorem, Thales's theorem, and Theorem of Thales. All three are generally seen as acceptable. Other examples: Menelaus, Pappus of Alexandria. --Tokek 12:05, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Quote "Since the sum of the angles of a triangle is equal to two right angles, we have

2γ + γ ′ = 180°"

How would 2y + y be equal to two right angles? Dilbert 01:12, 2 April 2006 (UTC)

Thank You! This is very helpful. 72.197.201.129 01:13, 16 May 2006 (UTC)

Thales' other theorem
Many of the interwiki links describe a different theorem, also attributed to Thales, proving that parallel lines intersecting a pair of intersecting lines create similar triangles. (See fr:Théorème de Thalès for probably the best explanation). What is this theorem called in English, and is there an article here about it? (There should be.) Rigadoun 20:49, 2 August 2006 (UTC)

The french page is very good !

 * Yes, there's an article: the intercept theorem. Eric Kvaalen (talk) 16:19, 24 January 2009 (UTC)

Sacrifice of a bull
I added this. SmokeyTheCat 14:40, 19 April 2007 (UTC)

More on Thales' other theoreme
Could someone please add information about Thales' other attributed theorem, which is often stated as "parallel lines intersecting a pair of intersecting lines create similar triangles," or "when parallel lines are intersected by two or more lines lines, the corresponding segments in the parallel lines are proportional."

In the French Wikipedia, this other theoreme is called Thales' Reciprocal Theoreme, and in the Spanish Wikipedia it's called Thales' FIRST theoreme.

Thanks!

 * I'm doin' it. Eric Kvaalen (talk) 16:19, 24 January 2009 (UTC)

History
to pic a nit, you cant emperically discover a theorem. It isn't a theorem, by definition, until proven. In any case, lots of geometric theroms are readily observed or intuitive, yet a challenge to prove, I'm not sure of the point of that statement.

132.3.33.68 (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 20:13, 29 June 2011 (UTC).

Set of all right triangles in a semi circle
This may be intuitive, but I was wondering if all right triangles can be generated inside a semi-circle. At least all being congruent to one generated inside a semi-circle. The answer is naturally 'yes', with a little thought... and further some of the proofs would be incomplete if this was not true. So why dont we just state it somewhere in the article. Like: "All right angle triangles of a given hypotenuse can be generated in a semicircle of equal radius". Then I could just read it instead of thinking about it. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.49.55.157 (talk) 02:26, 4 September 2012 (UTC)

 * That fact is stated in the article, in the #Converse section: a right triangle's hypotenuse is a diameter of its circumcircle. —Bkell (talk) 04:03, 4 September 2012 (UTC)

uses in trigonometry
i belive that it should be mencioned the use in trigonometry of this theorem since the right triangle incribed has a constant hypotenuse it acts as a unit circle for positive calculations of sine and cosine functions --''half-moon'' bubba (talk) 19:51, 15 December 2012 (UTC)

Euclid III proposition 31 or Euclid III proposition 33 ?
The article refers to Euclid's elements Book III proposition 33 but as far as I know it is proposition 31 of the same book, can somebody check? (for the moment i changed it in the article, if somebody knows better please revert) WillemienH (talk) 20:24, 19 September 2014 (UTC)

Third Proof
The third proof doesn't look correct to me. The step 'Since lines AC and BD are parallel' doesn't seem justified by the process of mirroring the triangle, though perhaps I'm missing something. -- Wgsimon (talk) 11:12, 14 April 2015 (UTC)
 * It is a property of reflections. Note that reflection twice on lines being perpendicular to each other (think of the axis in a coordinate system for instance) is the same as a rotation by 180 degrees, which maps lines into parallel lines. However it might be helpful if the provided picture actually fully illustrates the reflection/mapping process which it currently does not. Also instead of reflecting twice on perpendicular lines one could simply use one reflection through the circle center.--Kmhkmh (talk) 12:21, 14 April 2015 (UTC)

 * P.S. I added a drawing hopefully illustrating the reflections a bit better. However it might be a good idea to rewrit and simplify the proof using one single point reflection through the circle center. In addition there should be some explicit mentioning of the proof using properties of reflection. Linking to Reflection (mathematics) would also be good idea, though that article might not be that helpful to many readers its current state. IF somebody goes for such arewrite he can use the picture one the right.--Kmhkmh (talk) 13:15, 14 April 2015 (UTC)
 * How about:
 * "Let $$ABC$$ be a triangle in a circle where $$AB$$ is a diameter in that circle. Then construct a new triangle $$ABD$$ by rotating triangle $$ABC$$ by 180° about the center of the circle. A rotation of 180° maps lines onto parallel lines. Since lines $$AC$$ and $$BD$$ are thus parallel, likewise for $$AD$$ and $$CB$$, the quadrilateral $$ABCD$$ is a parallelogram. Since lines $$AB$$ and $$CD$$ are both diameters of the circle and therefore are equal length, the parallelogram must be a rectangle. All angles in a rectangle are right angles."
 * -- Wgsimon (talk) 15:25, 14 April 2015 (UTC)

Can someone please fix the labelling of the accompanying diagram - it’s inconsistent with the labelling in the text for this proof and so totally unnecessarily confusing AstuteGrapefruit (talk) 10:55, 23 March 2018 (UTC)

How did Thales prove this?
There are three proofs offered, but all seem to rely on a number of other pieces of Euclidean geometry. Since Thales is two centuries earlier, then he obviously couldn't have used Euclid's work. So did all of Euclid's "work" predate Euclid? Or is there some other proof that Thales had? --David Garfield (talk) 17:12, 31 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Well most if not almost all mathematical knowledge in the elements predates Euclid, Euclid primarily compiled and organized the mathematical knowledge of his time rather than discovering it. But i guess it is often hard to pinpoint for sure at what time a certain bit of mathematical knowledge was commonly known among scholars. Another thing is that discovery by or attribution of theorem to a person doesn't necessarily imply proof by that person either.--Kmhkmh (talk) 17:25, 31 July 2016 (UTC)
 * I agree with everything written above and would add that there is no way to know exactly how Thales proved (if he did) this result since no written records still exist. The results on this page are all conjectures based on knowledge that Thales was likely to know or be able to work out himself. --Bill Cherowitzo (talk) 17:39, 31 July 2016 (UTC)

Alternate proof of the converse using geometry
This proof doesn't seem correct. It starts out with an Circle that has the hypotheneuse AC as diameter and follows that the vertex B must be on the circle althought it was to supposed to show the converse. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2A02:908:1088:4580:34D9:BD4D:C66C:7204 (talk) 13:06, 21 January 2019 (UTC)
 * One of several ways to state the converse is that the hypotenuse of a right triangle is a diameter of the circumscribed circle. In this proof, the hypotenuse of the right triangle is taken as the diameter of a circle and then it is shown that the third vertex of the triangle is on the circle, that is, the circle is the circumscribed circle of the right triangle, thus proving the converse. I see nothing wrong with the proof although I think it should have a reference. --Bill Cherowitzo (talk) 21:48, 21 January 2019 (UTC)

cool spot
In 'First proof', drop the perpendicular from B and the angle is also partitioned into alpha/beta.

Should I add this? Darcourse (talk) 10:02, 15 August 2023 (UTC)

 * If it is not needed in the proof, then it's not really too helpful to add to a diagram or specifically call attention to, in my opinion. –jacobolus (t) 15:08, 15 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Thales's theorem


text:
Talk:Dim sum

White rice cake?
A few times that I've gone for Dim Sum, I've been able to snag a dessert item, that is about 3/4" thick, sliced in triangular chunks about 2"x3". These are white, a bit rubbery, taste like rice and honey, are flat on the top, but have a not-quite-honeycomb lattice on the bottom. (And are delicious!!) I've asked what the name is, and I've forgotten the chinese name, but I was told the english translation is "Rice Cake" or "White Rice Cake". I came to this article to try to learn more about it (re-learn what its name is, so I can ask for it properly, or try to look for recipes....), but it's not here. :( Does anyone know what this dish is, and what it's (properly) called? And can it please get added to this article? It doesn't taste like coconut, so it's not coconut jelly. Thanks!  173.206.137.186 (talk) 23:18, 22 January 2012 (UTC)

Jin deui or Jian dui?
The wonderful Sesame Ball is shown as Jin Deui here, but the link is to the article on Jian Dui! Not so much as a disambig! Is one of those the proper (transliterated) name... or maybe both? I think there are two fillings: red bean paste and lotus paste. Do the pastries have different names depending on the filling? Tzf (talk) 21:44, 7 January 2017 (UTC)

Lo Mai Ban? (Sticky Jin Deui)
Another Xin Nian dish, with the center of jin deui (red bean paste usually) but the chewy dough is uncooked, sweet, and wrapped in a leaf like Lo Mai Gai. What is the correct name for this? Tzf (talk) 21:44, 7 January 2017 (UTC)

please add the following topics
https://redhousespice.com/mango-pancake/ — Preceding unsigned comment added by 49.195.44.56 (talk) 04:14, 25 March 2018 (UTC)
 * Mango pancakes doesn't appear to be an existing article. It probably should be created before it is linked to on this page. Sak ura Cart elet Talk 04:24, 25 March 2018 (UTC)

https://www.google.com.au/search?source=hp&ei=eCS3WoCyNIqI8wWehrCQBQ&q=%E6%A6%B4%E8%8E%B2%E9%85%A5&oq=%E6%A6%B4%E8%8E%B2%E9%85%A5&gs_l=psy-ab.3...3848.3848.0.5000.1.1.0.0.0.0.251.251.2-1.1.0....0...1.2.64.psy-ab..0.0.0....0.8r54wUSFqrs — Preceding unsigned comment added by 49.195.44.56 (talk) 04:35, 25 March 2018 (UTC)
 * durian crisp nosh — Preceding unsigned comment added by 49.195.44.56 (talk) 04:32, 25 March 2018 (UTC)

https://www.google.com.au/search?source=hp&ei=1Ce3Wpoqi6nxBeO_l8AG&q=durian+crisp+nosh&oq=durian+crisp+nosh&gs_l=psy-ab.3..0i22i30k1.7998.7998.0.10252.1.1.0.0.0.0.18.18.1.1.0....0...1.2.64.psy-ab..0.1.17....0.lY1cVtUdTL0 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 49.195.44.56 (talk) 04:40, 25 March 2018 (UTC)

 * Century egg pork congee — Preceding unsigned comment added by 49.195.44.56 (talk) 05:15, 25 March 2018 (UTC)

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/皮蛋瘦肉粥 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 49.195.44.56 (talk) 05:17, 25 March 2018 (UTC)

https://kwgls.wordpress.com/2015/08/22/century-egg-pork-congee-皮蛋瘦肉粥）/

 * https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/廣式點心 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 49.181.232.70 (talk) 02:47, 28 March 2018 (UTC)

http://www.baike.com/wiki/皮蛋酥
 * https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_c?depth=1&hl=en&prev=search&rurl=translate.google.com.au&sl=zh-CN&sp=nmt4&u=http://www.baike.com/wiki/%25E7%259A%25AE%25E8%259B%258B%25E9%2585%25A5&xid=17259,15700021,15700043,15700124,15700149,15700168,15700173,15700186,15700201&usg=ALkJrhhGbvrtxPOndn9efQ2Xv_acy99Hvw

https://www.google.com.au/search?ei=zLXFWuK3LYeS0gLMjLLICQ&q=%E7%BD%97%E6%B1%89%E6%96%8B%E8%85%90%E7%9A%AE%E5%8D%B7&oq=%E7%BD%97%E6%B1%89%E6%96%8B%E8%85%90%E7%9A%AE%E5%8D%B7&gs_l=psy-ab.3...160441.160852.0.162437.2.2.0.0.0.0.577.577.5-1.1.0....0...1c.1.64.psy-ab..1.0.0....0.1KcjOO5_UVw — Preceding unsigned comment added by 49.180.131.20 (talk) 05:41, 5 April 2018 (UTC)

https://www.google.com.au/search?ei=dLjFWpD2LIH90wLbkJPYBg&q=%E7%85%8E%E9%85%BF%E8%8C%84%E5%AD%90+dim+sum&oq=%E7%85%8E%E9%85%BF%E8%8C%84%E5%AD%90+dim+sum&gs_l=psy-ab.3...20318.31702.0.32874.8.8.0.0.0.0.550.2348.2-2j1j2j1.6.0....0...1c.1j4.64.psy-ab..2.2.844...33i160k1.0.uVo3WX3IIQ8 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 49.180.131.20 (talk) 05:50, 5 April 2018 (UTC)

Does the article include images that enhance understanding the topic?
While the article does use some of the images to identity the food as well as some of the tea commonly used, much of the food in the article mentioned does not have an image to reference to. Jennil12988 (talk) 03:10, 26 January 2020 (UTC)

Copy Editing
Submitted a request to the Guild of Copy Editors for Copy Editing in preparation for a Good Article Nomination. Hope people can help out on the feedback and move this towards a good article. Renewableandalternativeenergy (talk) 16:38, 3 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Copy editing was completed on August 4, 2020. --Renewableandalternativeenergy (talk) 02:05, 5 August 2020 (UTC)

Revisions made based on previous feedback. Submitted a request to the Guild of Copy Editors for Copy Editing in preparation for a Good Article Nomination. Renewableandalternativeenergy (talk) 11:34, 30 August 2020 (UTC)
 * I will be copy editing this article. Edipio (talk) 01:53, 14 September 2020 (UTC)
 * Thank you very much. Renewableandalternativeenergy (talk) 02:32, 14 September 2020 (UTC)

Not Dim Sum
The current version of the article has some items that are not really dim sum. How can one call congee “dim sum”? NOT every dish that one can order in a Chinese restaurant when go for “yum cha” can be called dim sum. This needs to be fixed. -- Dustfreeworld (talk) 18:24, 9 July 2024 (UTC)

 * I have removed some of the most obvious. Those *are* Chinese food, but *not* dim sum. They can be added to other articles. -- Dustfreeworld  (talk) 21:48, 9 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dim sum


text:
Discipline

Discipline is the self-control that is gained by requiring that rules or orders be obeyed, and the ability to keep working at something that is difficult. Disciplinarians believe that such self-control is of the utmost importance and enforce a set of rules that aim to develop such behavior. Such enforcement is sometimes based on punishment, although there is a clear difference between the two. One way to convey such differences is through the root meaning of each word: discipline means “to teach”, while punishment means “to correct or cause pain”. While punishment might extinguish unwanted behavior in the moment, it is rarely effective long-term, while discipline usually is.

Time management
Disciplined time management includes removing distractions—the author of No B.S. Time Management for Entrepreneurs recommends treating time as a precious resource. Achieving positive outcomes hinges on a supportive environment of disciplined behavior that requires and rewards good actions.

Discipline rooted in obedience centers on valuing hard work, diligence, adherence to authority, and self-discipline for job advancement. Reminders can be provided to guide members in meeting performance indicators, organizational objectives, adhering to rules, or following instructions. The downside to this model is that disobedience can occur when there are no punishments or rewards in place and when there is no one there to administer the member since obedience-based discipline is whether trouble is detected or not. An obedience-based model uses consequences and punishments as deterrents, whereas the responsibility-based model shifts away from using rules, limits, and consequences, as well as punitive measures like detention, suspension, expulsion, and counseling. Students have demonstrated improved academic success and better behavior management in schools with responsibility-centered discipline, where teachers use a five-step rule-based technique to resolve conflicts:
 * 1) Support – makes the student feel valued
 * 2) Expectation – reinforces what is expected
 * 3) Breakdown – communicates how the expectation broke down or where there was a failure to meet
 * 4) Benefit – relays to the student how important it is to meet the expectation and how it benefits them
 * 5) Closure – determines whether the situation has been resolved or if the conversation is at a place where the student can move on

Responsibility
Responsibility-centered discipline, also known as responsibility-based discipline, is a classroom-oriented technique that empowers students to find solutions to organizational issues. This approach involves fostering appreciation and warmth among students, embracing their interests, recognizing their efforts, encouraging feedback, achieving consensus on ground rules, and engaging them in rule-making and problem-solving, all while maintaining dignity and well-defined boundaries. Concepts like remorse and empathy are taught through actions like apologies, restitution, or creating action plans. Limits express a teacher's beliefs, demands, and expectations within clear values and goals that help create a learning environment. The essence of responsibility-centered discipline is making choices that embody core values such as integrity, perseverance, respect, and responsibility rather than simply enforcing rules.

Conduct grades reflect a student's willingness to develop and internalize responsible behavior.

Larry Thompson developed responsibility-centered discipline as a framework to empower educators with the necessary skills and strategies for fostering a culture of student self-responsibility within schools. This approach shifts the onus from teachers to students, encouraging them to take ownership of their behavior. This represents a shift in organizational culture. In contrast to an obedience-focused "rule-based" approach, where rules can be contested, dismissed, or overlooked, responsibility-centered discipline focuses on nurturing responsibility, not punitive measures or consequences. It cultivates students' self-control and empowers them to assume responsibility for their actions and to devise solutions.

Assertive
Lee and Marlene Canter developed the assertive discipline model. It blends obedience-based principles with responsibility. It establishes certain truths within the classroom. Students are entitled to an environment free from distractions, which means the teacher has the right to discipline students if that would benefit the class. A peaceful working environment means the right to work comes at the expense of a student's rudeness or misbehavior. Safety and education are guaranteed only if the duty to control is upheld.

In this approach, teachers get all students to consent to the rules. They highlight appropriate and inappropriate behaviors, clarifying the necessary corrections if a student exceeds these limits. Assertive discipline reinforces positive behavior, upholds rules, and underscores the importance of respectful conduct. Teachers acknowledge repetitive behaviors, maintaining a consistent appreciation for good conduct. Consequences correspond to actions taken; although maintaining a positive focus is preferable, it might not always be feasible when boundaries are crossed. Disciplinary action must be applied throughout the classroom so all students believe that the rules matter. Simply offering rewards and consequences is not always sufficient; teachers must earn students' respect and trust.

Assertive discipline involves modeling appropriate behavior to help students understand its principles. Teachers guide students in adhering to specific behavioral expectations. According to Canter, all students, including those with special needs, respond positively to this approach. Proactive discipline is emphasized over reactive discipline: having a plan, addressing misbehavior as it occurs, highlighting rules, and acknowledging positive behavior with praise. Lee and Marlene Canter emphasize building trust by greeting students, using their names, having one-on-one conversations, acknowledging birthdays and special events, and maintaining communication with parents.

The model does not concentrate on individual students. It does not address the root causes of misbehavior, nor is it based on the needs of the students.

Team-building
Team-building is part of corporate culture that involves a group of people improving on working together as a team. This includes aligning around common goals, establishing effective working relationships, clarifying team members' roles, and collaboratively addressing team-related issues

Planned activities within corporate culture provide a platform for employees to share their perspectives on that culture. These organized activities encourage "thought, discussion, and employee buy-in into the company leadership philosophies". Organizations may focus on the processes behind team-building activities to explore what happens when the organization confronts challenges. Engaging in challenges that exceed the difficulty of daily tasks fosters team cohesion.

Examples of team-building strategies include promoting workplace civility; implementing group guidelines; sharing stories, management wisdom, or past achievements; and icebreakers.

Micromanaging
Micromanaging can lead to an improved relationship between an employee and their manager. Micromanagement can be beneficial in certain situations, especially when a manager's task performance falls short of expected quality or compensation levels. This could include instances where the manager spends excessive time chatting, misses deadlines, or fails to respond to urgent emails. The employee adapts their approach to align with the manager's perspective. If a step goes against company ethics, the plan can be abandoned. It is important for employees to verify if competence requirements are met, and if so, they can inquire about changing positions to gain more autonomy. Transparent communication can positively reinforce managers, as micromanaging can demonstrate that a self-reliant worker does not require constant oversight.

Habit-tracking
Habit trackers are a practical self-discipline method. Often, there's a time lag before receiving feedback on time management, making it challenging to visualize expected habit changes. Activities like running, meditation, or exercise demand significant effort for delayed rewards, yielding minimal satisfaction during the activity. Habit tracking offers short-term motivation for desired outcomes. It triggers action, encourages timely goal completion, and fosters sustained commitment by delivering immediate satisfaction for each achievement. Each entry keeps people engaged and assists in habit formation or cessation.

Precommitment
Precommitment is a technique for enhancing self-control. It involves putting limits or tolls on what one will do in advance to prevent distractions.

Three pact variations exist: effort, price, and identity. An effort pact ensures focused work by deterring distractions. A price pact adds an accountability partner who enforces a penalty when mistakes are made during goal pursuit; a self-oriented price pact uses donations or offloading items as penalties. An identity pact alters self-perception and behavioral habits. All three approaches prove effective, especially for those seeking to bolster self-discipline without relying solely on willpower, according to Nir Eyal.

Dichotomy of control
Another self-discipline technique is the Stoic Dichotomy of Control. In this technique, one writes down influences judging on how much they can control those influences. This practice directs time and attention toward manageable aspects while acknowledging those beyond control, aiding in problem-solving without undue concern for unchangeable factors.

Corporal punishment
Corporal punishment is a technique of discipline that includes spanking, slapping, whipping, deprivation, or hitting with an object using force. It aims to enforce immediate compliance by reminding the individual of consequences for their actions, thus deterring further misconduct. Corporal punishment is used in the military to punish unacceptable behavior. This form of punishment provides a disincentive for not acting when required to act.

Success spiral
A success spiral involves achieving consecutive small goals, leading to increased motivation. Each completed goal enhances confidence in one's capability to accomplish tasks. Success spirals start with breaking habits into manageable routines, then picking simple goals to help gain momentum. Progress is tracked, and reflection guides the decision to tackle more challenging objectives as confidence is established.

Miscellaneous
Other techniques:
 * take time for personal growth
 * form habit lists for proper learning
 * track habits,
 * make to-do lists or personal vision statements
 * seek out inspiring stories, symbols, and books
 * be orderly
 * overcome obstacles for personal goals
 * use the precommitment strategy
 * eat healthily
 * remove temptations
 * not procrastinating
 * reward yourself immediately
 * schedule exercises and breaks appropriately
 * forgive yourself
 * calculate the best course of action

Self-discipline
Self-discipline revers to one's ability to control one's behavior and actions to achieve a goal or to maintain a certain standard of conduct. It is the ability to train oneself to do things that should be done and resisting things that should be avoided. This includes setting goals, staying focused, and making sacrifices to those goals. Self-discipline requires practice and effort, but it can lead to improved productivity, better decision-making, and greater success in life.

Self-discipline can also be defined as the ability to give up immediate pleasures for long-term goals (deferred gratification). Discipline is grounded in the ability to leave one's comfort zone. Habit is about wanting to change for the better, not for pain. To forego or sacrifice immediate pleasure requires thought and focused discipline. Self-discipline is about one's ability to control their desires and impulses to keep themselves focused on what needs to get done to successfully achieve a goal. It is about taking small, consistent steps of daily action to build a strong set of disciplined habits that fulfill your objectives. One trains themselves to follow rules and standards that help determine, coalesce, and line up one's thoughts and actions with the task at hand. Small acts allow one to achieve greater goals. The key component of self-discipline is the trait of persistence or perseverance. Daily choices accumulate to produce changes one wants the most, despite obstacles. Self-discipline, determination, and perseverance are similar to grit.

Discipline is about internal and external consistencies. One must decide on what is right from wrong (internal consistency) and adhere to external regulation, which is to have compliance with rules (external consistency). Discipline is used to "expend some effort" to do something one does not feel motivated to do. Discipline is an action that completes, furthers, or solidifies a goal, not merely one's thoughts and feelings. An action conforms to a value. In other words, one allows values to determine one's own choices.

Self-discipline may prevent procrastination. People regret things they have not done compared to things they have done. When one procrastinates, they spend time on things that avoid a goal. Procrastination is not always caused by laziness or relaxation. One can procrastinate due to failure or inability to learn.

Habits
A life-changing habit enhances health, working life, and quality of life. Habits are established in three stages:

 * 1) Trigger (the thing that initiates the behavior)
 * 2) Behavior (the action one takes)
 * 3) Reward (the benefit one gains from doing the behavior)

To effectively utilize this three-step process, it is essential to recognize emotional triggers and maintain a consistent reward. Identifying one's emotional responses helps pinpoint behavioral patterns that prompt learned routines and outcomes. These patterns might hinder goal achievement. Transforming these responses involves finding alternative ways to fulfill emotional needs and adopting preferred behaviors. Discovering the required emotional state requires effort, as does establishing new, healthier habits that satisfy one's needs.

There are connections between motivation, self-discipline, and habits: Motivation is the initial emotional drive or inspiration to help one develop one's goals and actions. When motivation begins to waver, it is a self-discipline that makes one continue despite one's emotions and thoughts.

Over time, self-discipline diminishes as one's behaviors and actions become habits.

It takes two months for a new habit to form, according to research by Phillippa Lally and colleagues. Making a mistake has no measurable impact on any long-term habits. Habit-making is a process and not an event.

When one is developing habits to overcome impulses that represent easy paths to short-term gratification, they need control over their mind. Gaining control over one's minds, and taking a proactive approach, enables them to navigate challenges without becoming overly fixated on failure, financial strains, or anxiety. Mental anxiety, in particular, can contribute to heightened sensitivity to our surroundings, possibly leading to unnecessary alarmism. Chronic stress can be detrimental to the development of the executive function, and may make us perceive problems where they do not exist, as outnumbering the solutions, according to Hauser-Cram Heyman.

Brett McKay recommends to focus on one's circle of influence—what one can control—rather than one's own sphere of concern, which encompasses things beyond one's control. Self-discipline can be as straightforward as tackling a challenging task before bedtime or during other moments of the day; it is about carving out a portion of one's day to cultivate self-discipline. It involves resisting the temptation of opting for the easiest route (primitive urges) to achieve long-term goals.

A person's actions are a product of one's ability to control themselves, both positively and negatively. Habits are automatic mechanisms that conserve one's willpower energy. About 40% of a person's actions are driven by programmed habits. The longer one holds to bad habits, the more difficult it is to break free from them. As one resists temptations, one's desires get stronger.

Choices often involve a trade-off between with short-term pleasure in exchange for long-term pain (immediate gratification) or short-term pain and long-term pleasure (delayed gratification). Discipline entails executing habits precisely as intended, enhancing the likelihood of accomplishment and overcoming competing behaviors. Acting promptly exemplifies discipline, while habits are built on preparedness and inclination. This requires a suitable level of buffering against competing behaviors.

There are three ways to learn to build discipline, according to Sam Thomas Davies:

 * self-assessment
 * Determine the underlying reason for requiring discipline. Address resistance by identifying its source and counteracting it through commitment instead of making excuses or yielding to peer pressure.

 * self-awareness
 * Learn why oneself does not break their habits, mostly due to a lack of awareness about the ease of succumbing to impulses rather than staying committed. A remedy is to eliminate any distractions.

 * self-celebration
 * Celebrate and reward daily accomplishments, even if one fails to live up to one's expectations. Each outcome provides an opportunity for learning and growth.

There are two types of goals: active and passive. Passive goals are ideas, while active goals are concrete plans with specific measures and steps. This includes setting long-term objectives and planning daily tasks. Creating active goals provides direction and helps prevent distractions by outlining precisely what needs to be done.

In religion
Self-discipline is an important principle in several religious systems. For example, in Buddhist ethics as outlined in the Noble Eightfold Path, both Right View and Right Mindfulness have been described as a moral discipline.

For some varieties of Christian ethics, virtues directed by the Beatitudes were preceded by ascetical theology and obedience-based discipline. This shift transformed the focus from the Gifts of the Holy Spirit to one of authority, which, though blessed, did not carry the same happiness as that derived from adherence and observances. During the Middle Ages, spirituality and morality were closely intertwined. The Beatitudes gained prominence as an organizational principle after Saint Augustine. However, Christian ethics as a form of discipline did not fully emerge until the Late Middle Ages. Alongside Lutheranism and the post-Enlightenment era, obedience-based discipline coexists.

According to the Catechism of the Catholic Church, "[t]he object, the intention, and the circumstances make up the three 'sources' of the morality of human acts." The Holy Spirit is essential for comprehending "the eternal Word of the living God, [and] must... open (our) minds to understand the Scriptures."

Self-discipline is how self-control is gained, and the way hope is maintained.

Self-control
Gaining self-control involves managing reactions. External events or outcomes in one's life can never be controlled, yet reactions and attitudes can.

Maintaining a disciplined mind leads to effective reactions. Firstly, boredom can be created if one is not occupied. Secondly, lack of discipline may cause problems for social, mental, and academic performance, as excessive worry about future events consumes time. Thirdly, discipline helps preserve peace and order. Lastly, the disciplined person understands the consequences of their actions.

Self-control includes avoiding impulsivity, eating disorders, and addictive behaviors. Overcoming such tendencies is an initial step for personal improvement. The ability to regulate one's emotions and behavior is a key component of the brain's executive function that helps to plan, monitor, and attain goals. Succumbing to immediate impulses hinders both internal growth and external impact. Self-control entails resisting certain actions, whereas discipline involves adopting routines to cultivate positive habits. Self-control means effective decision-making amid competing choices, while discipline fosters the accumulation of habits to bolster success; thus, self-control and discipline may overlap. Anyone can benefit from healthy habits and can take measures to control their behavior.

Four strategies are:

 * situation selection, avoiding situations where one will be likely to confront temptations

 * situation modification, doing what one can to reduce the pull of the temptation in the situation that arises

 * distraction, trying to distract oneself with better alternatives

 * reappraisal, changing the way one thinks about a bad habit

title: Discipline


text:
Reference Daily Intake

In the U.S. and Canada, the Reference Daily Intake (RDI) is used in nutrition labeling on food and dietary supplement products to indicate the daily intake level of a nutrient that is considered to be sufficient to meet the requirements of 97–98% of healthy individuals in every demographic in the United States. While developed for the US population, it has been adopted by other countries, such as Canada.

The RDI is used to determine the Daily Value (DV) of foods, which is printed on nutrition facts labels (as %DV) in the United States and Canada, and is regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and by Health Canada, respectively. The labels "high", "rich in", or "excellent source of" may be used for a food if it contains 20% or more of the DV. The labels "good source", "contains", or "provides" may be used on a food if it contains between 10% and 20% of the DV, and "low source" applies if the %DV is 5% or lower.

The Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) were a set of nutrition recommendations that evolved into both the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) system of nutrition recommendations (which still defines RDA values) and the RDIs used for food labeling. The first regulations governing U.S. nutrition labels specified a % U.S. RDA declaration based on the current RDA values, which had been published in 1968. Later, the % U.S. RDA was renamed the %DV and the RDA values that the %DVs were based on became the RDIs.

The RDAs (and later the RDA values within the DRI) were regularly revised to reflect the latest scientific information, but although the nutrition labeling regulations were occasionally updated, the existing RDI values were not changed, so that until 2016, many of the DVs used on nutrition facts labels were still based on the outdated RDAs from 1968. In 2016, the Food and Drug Administration published changes to the regulations including updated RDIs and DVs based primarily on the RDAs in the current DRI.

Food labeling reference tables
The reference dietary intake (RDI) gives numbers based on gender and age. The Daily Value (DV) is put on the labels of food products and is meant for the general population.

Daily Values
The FDA issued a final rule on changes to the facts panel on May 27, 2016. The new values were published in the Federal Register. The original deadline to be in compliance was July 28, 2018, but on May 4, 2018, the FDA released a final rule that extended the deadline to January 1, 2020, for manufacturers with $10 million or more in annual food sales, and by January 1, 2021, for manufacturers with less than $10 million in annual food sales. During the first six months following the January 1, 2020 compliance date, the FDA worked cooperatively with manufacturers to meet the new Nutrition Facts label requirements, and did not focus on enforcement actions regarding these requirements during that time.

Labeling requirements
As of 2024, the FDA requires manufacturers to display the contents and %DVs of certain nutrients on packaged food or supplement labels, with the instruction: ''The Nutrition Facts label must list total fat, saturated fat, trans fat, cholesterol, sodium, total carbohydrate, dietary fiber, total sugars, added sugars, protein, and certain vitamins and minerals. While the actual amount and %DV of vitamin D, calcium, iron, and potassium must be listed, other vitamins and minerals may be listed voluntarily by the manufacturer.''

However, they are required to list any vitamins and minerals that are added to the food or if a statement is made on the package labeling about their health effects or the amount contained in the food (for example, "high" or "low").

Similarly, the Supplement Facts label is required to list the same nutrients as the Nutrition Facts label when any of these nutrients are found in the supplement in an amount considered to be greater than zero. The following table lists the DVs based on a caloric intake of 2000 kcal (8400 kJ), for adults and children four or more years of age, as of 2024.

History
The RDI is derived from the RDAs, which were first developed during World War II by Lydia J. Roberts, Hazel Stiebeling and Helen S. Mitchell, all part of a committee established by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences to investigate issues of nutrition that might "affect national defense" (Nestle, p 35). The committee was renamed the Food and Nutrition Board in 1941, after which they began to deliberate on a set of recommendations of a standard daily allowance for each type of nutrient. The standards would be used for nutrition recommendations for the armed forces, for civilians, and for overseas population who might need food relief. Roberts, Stiebeling, and Mitchell surveyed all available data, created a tentative set of allowances for "energy and eight nutrients", and submitted them to experts for review (Nestle, p 35). The final set of guidelines, called RDAs for Recommended Dietary Allowances, were accepted in 1941. The allowances were meant to provide superior nutrition for civilians and military personnel, so they included a "margin of safety". Because of food rationing during the war, the food guides created by government agencies to direct citizens' nutritional intake also took food availability into account.

The Food and Nutrition Board subsequently revised the RDAs every five to ten years. In 1973, the FDA introduced regulations to specify the format of nutrition labels when present, although the inclusion of such labels was largely voluntary, only being required if nutrition claims were made or if nutritional supplements were added to the food. The nutrition labels were to include percent U.S. RDA based on the 1968 RDAs in effect at the time. The RDAs continued to be updated (in 1974, 1980 and 1989) but the values specified for nutrition labeling remained unchanged.

In 1993 the FDA published new regulations mandating the inclusion of a nutrition facts label on most packaged foods. Originally the FDA had proposed replacing the percent U.S. RDAs with percent daily values based on the 1989 RDAs but the Dietary Supplement Act of 1992 prevented it from doing so. Instead it introduced the RDI to be the basis of the new daily values. The RDI consisted of the existing U.S. RDA values (still based on the 1968 RDAs as the FDA was not allowed to change them at the time) and new values for additional nutrients not included in the 1968 RDAs.

In 1997, at the suggestion of the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy, the RDAs became one part of a broader set of dietary guidelines called the Dietary Reference Intake used by both the United States and Canada. As part of the DRI, the RDAs continued to be updated.

On May 27, 2016, the FDA updated the regulations to change the RDI and Daily Values to reflect current scientific information. Until this time, the Daily Values were still largely based on the 1968 RDAs. The new regulations make several other changes to the nutrition facts label to facilitate consumer understanding of the calorie and nutrient contents of their foods, emphasizing nutrients of current concern, such as vitamin D and potassium. The revision to the regulations came into effect on 26 July 2016 and initially stipulated that larger manufacturers must comply within two years while smaller manufacturers had an additional year. On May 4, 2018, the FDA released a final rule that extended the deadline to January 1, 2020, for large companies and to January 1, 2021, for small companies. During the first six months following the January 1, 2020 compliance date, the FDA worked cooperatively with manufacturers to meet the new Nutrition Facts label requirements, and did not focus on enforcement actions regarding these requirements during that time.

Sodium and potassium
In 2010, the U.S. Institute of Medicine determined that the government should establish new consumption standards for salt to reduce the amount of sodium in the typical American diet below levels associated with higher risk of several cardiovascular diseases, yet maintain consumer preferences for salt-flavored food. In 1999, the average American adult ingested nearly 4,000 mg of sodium daily, far above the National Research Council recommendation that the general U.S. population consume no more than 2,400 mg of sodium (or 6 grams of salt) per day. For instance, the National Research Council found that 500 milligrams of sodium per day (approximately 1,250 milligrams of table salt) is a safe minimum level. In the United Kingdom, the daily allowance for salt is 6 g (approximately 2.5 teaspoons, about the upper limit in the U.S.), an amount considered "too high".

The Institute of Medicine advisory stated (daily intake basis): "Americans consume more than 3,400 milligrams of sodium – the amount in about 1.5 teaspoons of salt (8.7 g) – each day. The recommended maximum daily intake of sodium – the amount above which health problems appear – is 2,300 milligrams per day for adults, about 1 teaspoon of salt (5.9 g). The recommended adequate intake of sodium is 1,500 milligrams (3.9 g salt) per day, and people over 50 need even less."

The Daily Value for potassium, 4,700 mg per day, was based on a study of men who were given 14.6 g of sodium chloride per day and treated with potassium supplements until the frequency of salt sensitivity was reduced to 20%.

title: Reference Daily Intake


text:
User talk:Flora606250

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Hi! Thanks for uploading the following image:

 * Image:Dimsum.jpe

I notice it currently doesn't have an image copyright tag. Could you add one to let us know its copyright status? (You can use if you release it under the GNU Free Documentation License,  if you claim fair use, etc.) If you don't know what any of this means, just let me know at my talk page where you got the images and I'll tag them for you. Thanks so much. [[User:Poccil|Peter O. (Talk, automation script)]] 04:42, Dec 11, 2004 (UTC)

P.S. You can help tag other images at User:Yann/Untagged_Images. Thanks again.

title: User talk:Flora606250