text:
Cambridge, Vermont

Cambridge is a town in Lamoille County, Vermont, United States. The population was 3,839 at the 2020 United States Census. Cambridge includes the villages of Jeffersonville and Cambridge.

History
Granted on November 7, 1780, Cambridge was chartered on August 13, 1781, to Samuel Robinson, John Fassett Jr., Jonathan Frost and 64 others. It was first settled in 1783 by John Safford from Piermont, New Hampshire. The valleys proved good but rough, best for grazing livestock. By 1839, the town had about 7,000 sheep. The Lamoille River offered water power for watermills. Industries included one woolen factory, one tannery, and one gristmill, plus several sawmills and cabinet shops.

Cambridge and neighboring Johnson were together known as the King's College Tract, being created by Lieutenant Governor Cadwallader Colden by authority of King George III in 1764. The King's College Tract was reserved for the eventual establishment of a university on the site. The place name "Cambridge" suggests the University of Cambridge in England. Johnson, the other town in the King's College Grant, was named for William Samuel Johnson.

Both the St. Johnsbury & Lake Champlain Railroad and the Burlington & Lamoille Railroad passed through the town. The former is now the Lamoille Valley Rail Trail.

Geography
Cambridge is in western Lamoille County, bordered to the northwest by Franklin County and to the southwest by Chittenden County. The village of Jeffersonville is in the center of the town, and the village of Cambridge is in the west. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 164.9 sqkm, of which 163.7 sqkm are land and 1.3 sqkm, or 0.78%, are water. Cambridge is drained by the Lamoille River, which flows from east to west across the center of the town, passing through the north sides of Jeffersonville and Cambridge villages. Two main tributaries of the Lamoille drain the southern part of the town: the Brewster River originates in Smugglers Notch at the crest of the Green Mountains in the southernmost part of the town and flows north to Jeffersonville, while the Seymour River originates in Underhill and flows north to Cambridge village.

The town is crossed by Vermont Route 15, Vermont Route 104, Vermont Route 108 and Vermont Route 109. VT-15 leads southwest 27 mi to Winooski, next to Burlington, and southeast 16 mi to Morrisville. VT-104 leads northwest 22 mi to St. Albans, while VT-108 leads north 20 mi to Enosburg Falls and south through Smugglers Notch 17 mi to Stowe. VT-109 leads northeast 11 mi to Belvidere. (All distances are measured from Jeffersonville.)

Economy
The largest employer in the town is Smugglers' Notch Resort.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,186 people, 1,266 households, and 886 families residing in the town. The population density was 50.0 people per square mile (19.3/km2). There were 1,363 housing units at an average density of 21.4 per square mile (8.3/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 96.52% White, 0.25% Black or African American, 0.56% Native American, 0.13% Asian, 0.06% from other races, and 2.48% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.75% of the population.

There were 1,266 households, out of which 32.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.3% were married couples living together, 6.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.0% were non-families. 20.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 2.91.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.4% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 35.9% from 25 to 44, 23.6% from 45 to 64, and 8.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $44,950, and the median income for a family was $49,274. Males had a median income of $35,264 versus $23,199 for females. The per capita income for the town was $20,527. About 2.9% of families and 5.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.3% of those under age 18 and 5.9% of those age 65 or over.

Sites of interest

 * Cambridge Junction Covered Bridge
 * Gates Farm Covered Bridge
 * Lamoille Valley Rail Trail
 * Scott Covered Bridge
 * Smugglers Notch
 * Smugglers' Notch Resort
 * Smugglers' Notch State Park

Notable people

 * John Fassett Jr., Vermont Supreme Court justice, 1778–1786
 * Bernie Juskiewicz, former Vermont state representative (2013–2019) and businessman
 * Anson D. Morse, educator and historian
 * Lucy Wheelock, educator and Wheelock College founder
 * William C. Wilson, justice of the Vermont Supreme Court

title: Cambridge, Vermont


text:
Hyde Park (village), Vermont

Hyde Park is a village in the town of Hyde Park, Lamoille County, Vermont, United States. The village population was 410 at the 2020 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.2 square miles (3.0 km2), all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 415 people, 192 households, and 111 families residing in the village. The population density was 355.7 people per square mile (137.0/km2). There were 207 housing units at an average density of 177.4/sq mi (68.3/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 98.55% White, 0.96% Black or African American, 0.24% Asian, and 0.24% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.48% of the population.

There were 192 households, out of which 23.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.3% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.7% were non-families. 34.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16 and the average family size was 2.75.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 19.8% under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 29.6% from 45 to 64, and 18.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.0 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $35,781, and the median income for a family was $50,000. Males had a median income of $35,357 versus $26,016 for females. The per capita income for the village was $22,790. About 2.0% of families and 5.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.5% of those under age 18 and 6.8% of those age 65 or over.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Hyde Park (village), Vermont


text:
Hyde Park (town), Vermont

Hyde Park is a town in and the shire town (county seat) of Lamoille County, Vermont, United States. The town was named for Captain Jedediah Hyde, an early landowner who was a veteran of the American Revolutionary War. The population was 3,020 at the 2020 census. There is also a village of the same name within the town.

Geography
Hyde Park is in east-central Lamoille County, northeast of the Lamoille River valley. According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 100.8 sqkm, of which 97.4 sqkm are land and 3.5 sqkm, or 3.43%, are water. The village of Hyde Park is in the southern part of the town.

Vermont Route 15 crosses the southern part of the town, passing through Hyde Park village; it leads northwest 5 mi to Johnson and southeast 15 mi to Hardwick. Vermont Route 100 runs with Route 15 between Hyde Park village and Morrisville to the south. Route 100 leads north through North Hyde Park 33 mi to the Newport area, while to the south it leads 11 mi to Stowe.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 2,847 people, 1,138 households, and 780 families residing in the town. The population density was 75.2 people per square mile (29.0/km2). There were 1,220 housing units at an average density of 32.2/sq mi (12.4/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 97.75% White, 0.53% Black or African American, 0.53% Native American, 0.39% Asian, and 0.81% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.77% of the population.

There were 1,138 households, out of which 31.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.7% were couples living together and joined in either marriage or civil union, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.4% were non-families. 24.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 2.92.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.7% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 28.7% from 25 to 44, 26.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $38,650, and the median income for a family was $44,185. Males had a median income of $30,000 versus $25,304 for females. The per capita income for the town was $20,293. About 3.2% of families and 5.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.4% of those under age 18 and 7.1% of those age 65 or over.

Villages and bygone villages

 * Garfield is located in the northeast corner of Hyde Park. In the late 1800s, Garfield was a village with a store, a post office (added in 1890), a school, and two sawmills. In 1922 the sawmill owned by Charles William Manning (1864–1946) burned down and he decided not to replace it, causing the loss of many jobs. Residents began to leave Garfield. Eventually their abandoned farms reverted to wilderness. The area remains thickly wooded and sparsely developed to this day.  It is best known as the Morrisville turnoff point for the Green River Reservoir State Park.
 * Hyde Park village is in the southern part of town, on a hill rising above the north bank of the Lamoille River
 * North Hyde Park is in the northwest corner of the town, along the Gihon River. Part of the settled area extends west into the town of Johnson.
 * Centerville is in the center of the town, along Centerville Road where it crosses Centerville Brook, a south-flowing tributary of the Lamoille.

Notable people

 * Susan Bartlett, member of the Vermont State Senate and assistant to Governor of Vermont Peter Shumlin
 * Frank Ellis Boynton, American botanist
 * Vernon A. Bullard, United States Attorney for the District of Vermont
 * Benjamin N. Hulburd, Chief Justice of the Vermont Supreme Court
 * Roger W. Hulburd, Lieutenant Governor of Vermont
 * Carroll S. Page, United States senator
 * Wayne H. Page, Adjutant General of the Vermont National Guard
 * George M. Powers, Chief Justice of the Vermont Supreme Court
 * H. Henry Powers, United States congressman
 * Anson P. K. Safford, governor of the Arizona Territory
 * Mary J. Safford, pioneering female physician

title: Hyde Park (town), Vermont


text:
Johnson (village), Vermont

Johnson is a village in the town of Johnson in Lamoille County, Vermont, United States. The population was 1,332 at the 2020 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.2 square miles (3.2 km2), all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,420 people, 469 households, and 186 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,166.9 people per square mile (449.4/km2). There were 494 housing units at an average density of 406.0/sq mi (156.3/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 95.63% White, 0.92% Black or African American, 0.07% Native American, 1.34% Asian, 0.28% from other races, and 1.76% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.06% of the population.

There were 469 households, out of which 20.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 25.6% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 60.3% were non-families. 39.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.11 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 13.2% under the age of 18, 46.4% from 18 to 24, 20.1% from 25 to 44, 11.9% from 45 to 64, and 8.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 22 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $23,846, and the median income for a family was $40,089. Males had a median income of $25,104 versus $19,861 for females. The per capita income for the village was $11,651. About 8.3% of families and 23.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.8% of those under age 18 and 15.4% of those age 65 or over.

title: Johnson (village), Vermont


text:
Johnson, Vermont

Johnson is a town in Lamoille County, Vermont, United States. The population was 3,491 at the 2020 census. The town is home to Northern Vermont University-Johnson, a part the Vermont State Colleges system. The Vermont Studio Center is located in the village of Johnson. Since 1842, the town has been the home to Johnson Woolen Mills.

Geography
Johnson is in the center of Lamoille County, in the valley of the Lamoille River, with the Green Mountains rising to the north and the south of the river. The village of Johnson is in the center of the town, where the Gihon River joins the Lamoille from the northeast. Vermont Route 15 crosses the center of the town, following the Lamoille River; the highway leads southeast 5 mi to Hyde Park, the Lamoille County shire town, and west 9 mi to Jeffersonville in the town of Cambridge. Vermont Route 100C leads northeast from Johnson village 4.5 mi to Vermont Route 100 in North Hyde Park.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Johnson has a total area of 116.8 sqkm, of which 1.0 sqkm, or 0.84%, are water.

Town name
The town is named for the American jurist, statesman and educator William Samuel Johnson. The town and a part of neighboring Cambridge were together known as the King's College Tract, having been created by a royal charter of British King George III in 1774. The King's College Tract was reserved for the eventual expansion of Kings College in New York, today's Columbia University. After the U.S. Declaration of Independence, Vermont's Council of Censors granted the town to Johnson in 1785.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,274 people, 1,170 households, and 669 families residing in the town. The population density was 72.6 people per square mile (28.0/km2). There were 1,263 housing units at an average density of 28.0 per square mile (10.8/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 96.58% White, 0.61% Black or African American, 0.43% Native American, 0.67% Asian, 0.31% from other races, and 1.41% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.73% of the population.

There were 1,170 households, out of which 30.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.4% were couples living together and joined in either marriage or civil union, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.8% were non-families. 28.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 21.6% under the age of 18, 26.4% from 18 to 24, 25.4% from 25 to 44, 18.2% from 45 to 64, and 8.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 26 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $31,343, and the median income for a family was $38,224. Males had a median income of $28,257 versus $20,610 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,014. About 13.8% of families and 18.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.6% of those under age 18 and 11.7% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Amalia Post (1836–1897), suffragist
 * Victor Swenson (1936–2019), educator

title: Johnson, Vermont


text:
Bradford (CDP), Vermont

Bradford is a census-designated places in the town of Bradford, Orange County, Vermont, United States. The population was 907 at the 2020 census. The village disincorporated on December 1, 2004. The village became a census-designated place in 2008. The central commercial and residential portion of the village is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as the Bradford Village Historic District.

History
Bradford was established in the early 19th century, the steep drop of the Waits River recognized as a source of water power for industrial use. Asa Low spearheaded development of that industry, building a brick grist mill in 1847. The village saw continued prosperity through the 19th century. The historic district designated in 1975 comprises 81 commercial, public, and religious buildings showcasing architectural styles from Federal and Greek Revival to Italianate and Romanesque. It includes the commercial business district of the village, the former industrial area near the Waits River, and adjacent residential areas.

Historic buildings
Some of Bradford's more significant historic buildings include:
 * Former Boston and Maine Railroad depot (Depot Street), 1890
 * Methodist Church (North Main Street), 1849
 * Woods School Building or Bradford Academy (North Main Street), 1893–94
 * Old Church (North Main Street), 1793–95
 * Former Bliss Hotel (North Main Street), 1806
 * Former Grist Mill (U.S. Route 5), 1847
 * Woods Library Building (South Main Street), 1894–95
 * Former Waitsville Fire House (South Main Street), 1871

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village had a total area of 0.5 square mile (1.3 km2), all land. The Waits River flows through the village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 815 people, 322 households, and 191 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,633.1 people per square mile (629.3/km2). There were 372 housing units at an average density of 745.4/sq mi (287.3/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 97.42% White, 0.86% Black or African American, 0.37% Native American, 0.49% Asian, and 0.86% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.74% of the population.

There were 322 households, out of which 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.2% were married couples living together, 16.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.4% were non-families. 31.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the village the population was spread out, with 24.2% under the age of 18, 9.4% from 18 to 24, 23.3% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 21.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 79.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 73.1 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $28,472, and the median income for a family was $32,031. Males had a median income of $30,673 versus $28,375 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,456. About 10.1% of families and 16.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.2% of those under age 18 and 7.7% of those age 65 or over.

title: Bradford (CDP), Vermont


text:
Newbury (village), Vermont

Newbury is an incorporated village in the town of Newbury in Orange County, Vermont, United States. The population was 447 at the 2020 census.

History
Newbury village was settled in 1763, and was along with neighboring Haverhill, New Hampshire, the first colonial settlement north of Charlestown, New Hampshire on the Connecticut River. The area developed because of the rich agricultural possibilities afforded by broad oxbows in the river. The village developed in the 19th century as a local market center and as a stagecoach stop. Its population was boosted by the found of the Newbury Seminary in the 1830s.

The core of the village is listed as a historic district known as Newbury Village Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places. It was listed for its architectural significance in 1983. The historic village core around the village green includes 93 contributing buildings in an area of 73 acre. Newbury Village is significant as a concentration of early 19th century architecture set around a traditional New England village green. Classical Revival architecture is represented in the district. Boston University, one of New England's largest universities, traces its roots to the establishment of the Newbury Biblical Institute, a Methodist school founded in Newbury, Vermont in 1839.

Historical buildings
Some of the more significant structures in Newbury are:
 * Wells House, c.1830
 * Newbury Manor, 1913
 * Town Clerk's Office and Post Office, 1913
 * Tenney Memorial Library, 1896
 * 'Valmont," Crowley House, c.1835
 * Congregational Vestry, 1843
 * First Congregational Church, 1856
 * Newbury General Store, c.1840
 * Methodist Church, 1829
 * Town Central School, 1913
 * Village Meeting Hall, c.1926
 * Newbury Inn/Thomas House, 1853 (built by Oliver Rogers)
 * Mahoney House, c.1822
 * Perry House, c.1835
 * General Jacob Bayley Monument

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 5.0 square miles (13.1 km2), of which 5.0 square miles (13.0 km2) is land and 0.04 square mile (0.1 km2) (0.40%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 396 people, 162 households, and 98 families residing in the village. The population density was 78.9 people per square mile (30.5/km2). There were 188 housing units at an average density of 37.5/sq mi (14.5/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 99.24% White, 0.51% Native American, and 0.25% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.51% of the population.

There were 162 households, out of which 36.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 6.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.5% were non-families. 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 29.5% under the age of 18, 3.8% from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 15.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.4 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $27,115, and the median income for a family was $41,071. Males had a median income of $27,500 versus $23,000 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,043. About 8.2% of families and 14.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.0% of those under age 18 and 9.8% of those age 65 or over.

title: Newbury (village), Vermont


text:
Newbury (town), Vermont

Newbury is a town in Orange County, Vermont, United States. The population was 2,293 at the 2020 census. Newbury includes the villages of Newbury, Center Newbury, West Newbury, South Newbury, Boltonville, Peach Four Corners, and Wells River.

History

Located at the Great Oxbow of the Connecticut River, with vast tracts of beautiful and fertile intervale, the area was a favorite of the Indians. Rivers teemed with salmon and brooks with trout. Prior to European settlement, the Newbury area was the location of a village called Cowass or Cowassuck of the Pennacook tribe. Cowass in Abenaki is "Coo-ash-auke," meaning "place of pine trees," and was a general name these people gave to the upper Connecticut River Valley and Lakes region. In 1704 the Pennacook at Cowass kept several captives from the Deerfield Raid in the village, including Stephen Williams who was kept with Sachem George Tahanto  The area was first settled by English colonists in 1762 by Samuel Sleeper and family. One of the New Hampshire grants, Newbury was chartered by Governor Benning Wentworth on March 18, 1763, to Jacob Bayley and 74 others, some from Newbury, Massachusetts.

The town served as the southern terminus of the Bayley Hazen Military Road, begun by Bayley in 1760 and then continued until 1779 by Colonel Moses Hazen. Meanwhile, pioneer farmers had to carry their grain 60 miles (97 kilometers) by canoe to Charlestown, New Hampshire to get it ground into flour. By 1859, when the population was 2,984, Newbury had two gristmills, in addition to a paper mill and steam mill to manufacture mackerel kits. The principal industry, however, along the alluvial meadows was raising beef cattle and sheep, and the production of wool and dairy goods. The Connecticut & Passumpsic Rivers Railroad opened on November 6, 1848, to the village of Wells River. It developed as an adjunct of the railway town across the Connecticut River at Woodsville, the once bustling village within Haverhill, New Hampshire.

In the summer of 1913 a large fire destroyed 21 buildings in Newbury, including a church, the public school, the hotel and a number of businesses and residences. Only a change of the wind saved the balance of the town since there was no fire department at that time.

In 1958, Newbury gained widespread notoriety after an unpopular farmer disappeared. The discovery of his bound body in the river three months later led to his death being described as a "lynching" by newspapers along the East Coast. Two suspects were acquitted, and the crime was never solved.

Boston University, one of New England's largest universities, traces its roots to the establishment of the Newbury Biblical Institute, a Methodist school founded in Newbury, Vermont in 1839.

Geography
The town of Newbury is located in the northeast corner of Orange County.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 64.4 square miles (166.9 km2), of which 64.2 square miles (166.2 km2) is land and 0.3 square mile (0.7 km2) (0.40%) is water. Bounded on the east by the Connecticut River, which forms the Vermont–New Hampshire border, Newbury is drained by the Wells River, Halls Brook and Peach Brook.

The town is crossed by Interstate 91,  U.S. Route 5, and  U.S. Route 302.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,955 people, 816 households, and 553 families residing in the town. The population density was 30.5 people per square mile (11.8/km2). There were 1,153 housing units at an average density of 18.0/sq mi (6.9/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 97.44% White, 0.31% Black or African American, 0.66% Native American, 0.20% Asian, and 1.38% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.15% of the population.

There were 816 households, out of which 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.6% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.2% were non-families. 26.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.2% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 25.7% from 25 to 44, 27.3% from 45 to 64, and 17.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $32,721, and the median income for a family was $42,262. Males had a median income of $30,169 versus $21,780 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,659. About 8.6% of families and 12.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.3% of those under age 18 and 10.6% of those age 65 or over.

Sites of interest

 * Bayley Historic District
 * Bedell Covered Bridge site
 * Camp Farwell, founded in 1889, and reported to be the longest running girls summer camp in the United States.
 * Newbury Historical Society & Museum
 * Newbury Town House (1839)
 * Oxbow Historic District
 * Newbury Village Store, c. 1840

Notable people

 * Horace W. Bailey, US Marshal for Vermont
 * Jacob Bayley, general during the American Revolution
 * Frank M. Bryan, political scientist
 * Molly Gray, politician
 * Ernest N. Harmon, major general
 * Diana Mara Henry, photographer
 * Joab Hoisington, militia leader on the Patriot side in the American Revolution. Died in Newbury while on duty and was buried at Oxbow Cemetery in Newbury
 * Jeremiah Ingalls, early American folk composer
 * Jacob Kent Jr., U.S. Marshal for Vermont
 * Henry Keyes, politician and railroad president
 * Henry W. Keyes, US senator and 56th governor of New Hampshire
 * Sydney Lea, Poet Laureate from Vermont
 * William T. Porter, journalist
 * Abel Underwood, U.S. Attorney for Vermont and state circuit court judge, practiced law in Wells River
 * George W. Webber, US congressman

title: Newbury (town), Vermont


text:
Albany (village), Vermont

Albany is a village in the town of Albany in Orleans County, Vermont, United States. The population was 166 at the 2020 census.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.5 square miles (4.0 km2), all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 165 people, 70 households, and 48 families residing in the village. The population density was 107.4 people per square mile (41.4/km2). There were 79 housing units at an average density of 51.4/sq mi (19.8/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 96.36% White, 1.21% Black or African American, and 2.42% from two or more races.

There were 70 households, out of which 30.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.1% were married couples living together, 7.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.4% were non-families. 30.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and the average family size was 2.83.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 22.4% under the age of 18, 9.1% from 18 to 24, 23.6% from 25 to 44, 31.5% from 45 to 64, and 13.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $27,750, and the median income for a family was $31,250. Males had a median income of $30,833 versus $19,107 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,453. About 16.7% of families and 13.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.6% of those under the age of eighteen and 41.7% of those sixty five or over.

title: Albany (village), Vermont


text:
Albany, Vermont

Albany is a town in Orleans County, Vermont, United States. The population was 976 at the 2020 census. Albany contains four villages: the incorporated village of Albany, and the unincorporated villages of Albany Center, East Albany and South Albany.

History
The original land grant was given to Col. Antipas Gilman and associates on June 26, 1782, and was named "Lutterloh." In 1815, the name of the town was changed to "Albany."

Albany resident Rev. George Putnam was an Underground Railroad agent before the Civil War.

Town

 * Moderator – Gary Heath Mason
 * Selectman – Norman Inkel, Brian Goodrich, Phil Beaudry
 * Town Clerk – Debra Ann Geoffroy
 * Town Treasurer – Debra Ann Geoffroy
 * Delinquent Tax Collector – Debra Ann Geoffroy
 * Listers – Sue Richardson, Kathy Wilder & Dylan Kinsey
 * Auditor – H. Jane Rayner, Janet Reed & Francis Jarvis
 * First Constable – William Doherty
 * Grand Juror – Stuart Soboleski
 * Town Agent – Mike Nelson
 * Highway Budget – $220,000.00
 * Town Sexton – Richard Geoffrey

School district

 * Director, Albany – Adam Trevits
 * Director, Orleans Central Supervisory Union – Jennifer Foehr-McKenzie
 * Budget – $1,944,075

Legislature
The Essex-Orleans Senate district includes the town of Albany, as well as parts or all of Essex County, Orleans County, Franklin County and Lamoille County. It is represented in the Vermont Senate by John Rodgers (D) and Robert A. Starr (D).

In the Vermont House of Representatives, Albany forms part of the Orleans-Caledonia-1 district. Its representatives are Vicki Strong (R) and Sam Young (D).

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 38.7 square miles (100.2 km$2$), of which 38.5 square miles (99.7 km$2$) is land and 0.2 square mile (0.5 km$2$) (0.52%) is water.

The town is hilly and uneven. The highest point in town is in the northwestern part of the township, which is cut off from the main chain of the Green Mountains by a brook. Lord's Creek flows north through the eastern part of the township, having several tributaries. There are other minor streams in town. There are also several ponds, the principal of which are Great Hosmer, Hartwell, Page, Heart, and Duck ponds.

The Black River flows north through Albany Village, crosses under the Water Street Bridge before emptying into Lake Memphremagog near Newport, Vermont, which is part of the St. Lawrence River Basin.

The rocks entering into the geological formation of the town are disposed in parallel ranges extending north and south. The westernmost of these contains a bed of talcose schist. Next is a narrow range of Upper Helderberg limestone, followed by a vein of clay slate, the residue of the territory being calciferous mica schist. In the central and eastern parts of the town there are several rich beds of muck and shell marl. There are also some ledges of granite rocks.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 840 people, 337 households, and 237 families residing in the town. The population density was 21.8 people per square mile (8.4/km$2$). There were 453 housing units at an average density of 11.8 per square mile (4.5/km$2$). The racial makeup of the town was 97.50% White, 0.24% Black or African American, 0.60% Native American, 0.12% Pacific Islander, and 1.55% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.24% of the population.

There were 337 households, out of which 33.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.3% were married couples living together, 7.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.4% were non-families. 24.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.49 and the average family size was 2.97.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.4% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 27.0% from 25 to 44, 29.0% from 45 to 64, and 10.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.3 males.

Personal income
The median income for a household in the town was $30,625, and the median income for a family was $33,750. Males had a median income of $26,094 versus $20,833 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,287. About 14.3% of families and 15.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.9% of those under age 18 and 8.4% of those age 65 or over.

Major route

 * [[Image:Vermont 14.svg|20px]] VT Route 14

Cultural events
The Northeast Kingdom Music Festival held annual performances in Albany in the early 2000s. Attendance was limited to 2000.

Notable people

 * Willard W. Miles, Associate Justice of the Vermont Supreme Court

title: Albany, Vermont


text:
Barton (village), Vermont

Barton is a village located near the center of the town of Barton, in Orleans County, Vermont, United States. The population was 690 at the 2020 census.

History
In the 19th century, the village was the economic center of the county. Prior to incorporation, the village had been known as "Barton Mills." Tourists from Boston and New York arrived by train and could register in one of three major hotels. The village was incorporated on November 21, 1874.

Fire permanently reshaped the village, starting with the 1883 destruction of the building on the site now occupied by the Pierce Building. The hotels were destroyed, mostly by fire, in 1967 and 1971. The Pierce Block was built in 1885 and is still being used for commercial purposes, one of the few business buildings to survive the multitude of fires that the village has experienced. In 1889, a waterworks was constructed using May Pond. Presumably sewage disposal was constructed concurrently. Water was needed to extinguish fires. Villagers had long been frustrated by their inability to quench fires with existing cisterns, which were replaced by fire hydrants.

In 1895, the village constructed a hydroelectric plant on the Clyde River in West Charleston.

An Indian burial ground was discovered during the excavation for the new Barton Academy in 1907. There is no record of what happened to those artifacts.

In 1907, a ballpark with 200 seats in the grandstand was constructed at the corner of Park and Elm Streets. A professional village team played there and won the professional state championship over rival Orleans in 1908.

There was heavy flooding in 1927 which severely damaged the village.

A fire on August 11, 1938, destroyed three business blocks. The fire ruined any hope of an industrial revival. The Orleans County Monitor commented that it dealt an "irreparable injury to a community struggling to maintain its position as a secondary business and trade center in Vermont."

Fires consumed buildings housing a butter tub factory (2 fires prior to 1916), the Opera House (1929), a cheese factory (1954), and the Monitor building (1968).

In the late 1970s, the federal and state governments stopped the village from dumping raw sewage into the Barton River. Barton's new treatment plant cost $3.6 million, 90% of which was paid for by state and federal governments. The village was not able to separate out its old storm sewers from the sewage system. This has caused subsequent problems during rainstorms.

The village contains three places on the National Register of Historic Places:
 * 1) Crystal Lake Falls Historic District (August 7, 1994)
 * 2) Crystal Lake State Park listed August 30, 2005
 * 3) King Block — 117 High Street (added July 20, 2002)

An article in the local paper inventoried businesses that had been closed with no expectation of reopening, these included 7 gas stations, an automobile franchise, and two restaurants. One of the problems it cited was the highest water and sewage rates in the county.

Government
In 2009, the village spent $474,557 on village operations alone, not including solely owned utilities.
 * Chairman, Board of Trustees - Regina Lyon
 * Trustee - Marilyn Prue
 * Trustee - Ellis Merchant
 * Business Manager - Vera LaPorte
 * DPW Foreman - Andrew Sicard

In 2008, the village voted to eliminate the position of auditor since this was performed by an outside auditor.

Barton Fire Department (all officers are elected by the village voters):
 * Chief Engineer (Fire Chief) - David Claeys
 * First Assistant Engineer - Mike Pion
 * Second Assistant Engineer - Richard Secard

Water system
The village maintains its own water system, obtaining water from Pensioner Pond (in Charleston), with 170 acre, May Pond with 116 acre, and the Barton Reservoir. The system serves 370 customers. Water rates are $10.61/1000 USgal; sewer rates are $16.90/1000 USgal. The rates are higher than surrounding towns because of the use of ground water rather than a well.

In 2013, a user consuming 2000 USGAL of water monthly would pay about 3 cents per gallon.

In 2010, the village received two grants totaling over $3.3 million, and two loans totaling over $1 million to upgrade its sewer and storm drainage system.

The 2010 budget for the water department was $214,348. The budget for the waste water department was $318,657.

Estimated annual consumption of water for 2015 ranged from 15500 to 17700 ft3 for 284 current users.

Education
The village and surrounding area supports a graded school. In 2005, there were 171 students. 57.9% get free or reduced lunch. The effective spending per pupil was $11,197 in 2008. The average in Vermont was $11,548.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.4 square miles (3.7 km2), of which 1.2 square miles (3.2 km2) is land and 0.2 square mile (0.5 km2) (12.59%) is water.

Barton owns Pageant Park on Crystal Lake. This was briefly closed in May 2007 until late June 2007.

Demographics
Barton has lost 49% of its population since 1930, dropping from the largest village in Orleans County, to second as of 2020.

As of the Census of 2020, there were residing in the village:
 * 690 people and
 * 311 households.

The population density was 594.8/sq mi (229.2/km2).

There were 469 housing units at an average density of 372.7/sq mi (143.6/km2).

There were 347 households, out of which
 * 44.1% were non-families
 * 39.5% were married couples living together
 * 38.3% of all households were made up of individuals
 * 27.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them,
 * 23.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older
 * 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present

The average household size was 2.14 and the average family size was 2.81.

In the village, the population was evenly spread out, with
 * 19.1% under the age of 18 (18 year spread)
 * 10.1% from 18 to 24 (7 year spread)
 * 21.2% from 25 to 44 (20 year spread)
 * 27.5% from 45 to 64 (20 year spread)
 * 22.0% who were 65 years of age or older

The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.1 males.

Personal Income
The median income as of 2000:
 * per family - $32,625
 * Males - $27,115
 * per household - $21,607
 * Females - $18,750

The per capita income for the village was $13,670.

Income below the poverty line:
 * Under age 18 - 39.0%
 * Older than 64 - 23.7%
 * Total Population - 23.2%
 * Families - 17.8%

Tourism
A golf course near the village has been rated by a golfing magazine as one of the "30 best deals" in the country. The 18-hole 5697 yd course costs $349/year to join.

Cellphone
Barton Village receives Verizon and AT&T Mobility (TDMA and GSM).

Electricity
Barton Village owns Barton Electric which generates some of its power hydroelectrically and serves not only the village but a large portion of the village side of Barton town, plus West Charleston, North Sutton and much of Westmore. It services 2100 customers. It owns two turbines on the Clyde River in West Charleston.

Projected expenses for 2010 were $2,741,582.

Culture
A sugar on snow party is held each year on the Village Green, the fourth Saturday in July.

Library
Barton has a library which is open 19 hours a week over four days. It is a non-profit corporation. While the library is self-supporting with separate trustees, it does receive a grant from the town. Its operating income is $42,242. It contains 18,000 books and 35 serial subscriptions. One librarians is a paid professional. The assistants are all volunteers.

title: Barton (village), Vermont


text:
38th Annual Grammy Awards

The 38th Annual Grammy Awards were held on February 28, 1996, at Shrine Auditorium, Los Angeles. The awards recognized accomplishments by musicians from the previous year. Alanis Morissette was the main recipient, being awarded four trophies, including Album of the Year. Mariah Carey and Boyz II Men opened the show with their Record of the Year nominated "One Sweet Day".

The ceremony was controversial for its unexpected snub of Mariah Carey's Daydream album, which proved to be one of the bestselling and most acclaimed albums of 1995. When the Grammy Award nominees were announced, and Daydream was nominated for six different awards, critics began raving how it would be "cleaning up" that year. Carey, being a multiple award nominee, was one of the headlining performers. Together with Boyz II Men, she sang a live rendition of "One Sweet Day", to a very positive response. The album had lost all of its six nominations, shocking most critics who branded it the "album of the year". Carey did not perform again until the 2006 ceremony, when she was nominated for eight awards (winning three) for The Emancipation of Mimi.

The ceremony is also significant for Tupac Shakur introducing Peter Criss, Ace Frehley, Gene Simmons, and Paul Stanley of Kiss for the first time in full makeup and costume since 1979. Shakur said "And I've seen just about everything now," in response to seeing Kiss walk on stage to announce the nominees for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group With Vocal.

General

 * Record of the Year
 * "Kiss From a Rose" – Seal
 * Trevor Horn, producer
 * "One Sweet Day" – Mariah Carey & Boyz II Men
 * Walter Afanasieff & Mariah Carey, producers
 * "Gangsta's Paradise" – Coolio
 * Doug Rasheed, producer
 * "One of Us" – Joan Osborne
 * Rick Chertoff, producer
 * "Waterfalls" – TLC
 * Organized Noize, producer

 * Album of the Year
 * Jagged Little Pill – Alanis Morissette
 * Glen Ballard, producer
 * Daydream – Mariah Carey
 * Walter Afanasieff, Mariah Carey, Jermaine Dupri, Dave Hall, David Morales & Manuel Seal, producers
 * HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I – Michael Jackson
 * Dallas Austin, Bill Bottrell, David Foster, Janet Jackson, Michael Jackson, Jimmy Jam, R. Kelly, Terry Lewis, René & Bruce Swedien, producers
 * Relish – Joan Osborne
 * Rick Chertoff, producer
 * Vitalogy – Pearl Jam
 * Brendan O'Brien & Pearl Jam, producers

 * Song of the Year
 * "Kiss From a Rose"
 * Seal, songwriter (Seal)
 * "I Can Love You Like That"
 * Maribeth Derry, Steve Diamond & Jennifer Kimball, songwriters (All-4-One)
 * "One of Us"
 * Eric Bazilian, songwriter (Joan Osborne)
 * "You Are Not Alone"
 * R. Kelly, songwriter (Michael Jackson)
 * "You Oughta Know"
 * Glen Ballard & Alanis Morissette, songwriters (Alanis Morissette)

 * Best New Artist
 * Hootie & the Blowfish
 * Brandy
 * Alanis Morissette
 * Joan Osborne
 * Shania Twain

Alternative

 * Best Alternative Music Performance
 * Nirvana for MTV Unplugged in New York

Blues

 * Best Traditional Blues Album
 * John Lee Hooker for Chill Out

 * Best Contemporary Blues Album
 * Buddy Guy for Slippin' In

Children's

 * Best Musical Album for Children
 * J. Aaron Brown, David R. Lehman (producers) & Barbara Bailey Hutchison for Sleepy Time Lullabys
 * Best Spoken Word Album for Children
 * Dan Broatman, Martin Sauer (producers) & Patrick Stewart for Prokofiev: Peter and the Wolf

Classical

 * Best Orchestral Performance
 * Pierre Boulez (conductor) & the Cleveland Orchestra for Debussy: La Mer
 * Best Classical Vocal Performance
 * Christopher Hogwood (conductor), Sylvia McNair & the Academy of Ancient Music for The Echoing Air – The Music of Henry Purcell
 * Best Opera Recording
 * Raymond Minshull (producer), Charles Dutoit (conductor), Gary Lakes, Françoise Pollet, Gino Quilico, Deborah Voigt & L'Orchestre Symphonique de Montréal & Chorus for Berlioz: Les Troyens
 * Best Choral Performance
 * Herbert Blomstedt (conductor), Vance George (choir director) & the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra & Chorus for Brahms: Ein Deutsches Requiem
 * Best Instrumental Soloist(s) Performance (with orchestra)
 * Seiji Ozawa (conductor), Itzhak Perlman & the Boston Symphony Orchestra for The American Album – Works of Bernstein, Barber, Foss
 * Best Instrumental Soloist Performance (without orchestra)
 * Radu Lupu for Schubert: Piano Sonatas (B-flat major and A major)
 * Best Chamber Music Performance
 * Emanuel Ax, Yo-Yo Ma & Richard Stoltzman for Brahms/Beethoven/Mozart: Clarinet Trios
 * Best Classical Contemporary Composition
 * Olivier Messiaen (composer) & Myung-whun Chung (conductor) for Messiaen: Concert a Quatre
 * Best Classical Album
 * Karl-August Naegler (producer), Pierre Boulez (conductor) & the Cleveland Orchestra & Chorus for Debussy: La Mer; Nocturnes; Jeux

Comedy

 * From 1994 through 2003, see "Best Spoken Comedy Album" under the "Spoken" field, below.

Composing and arranging

 * Best Instrumental Composition
 * Bill Holman (composer) for "A View From the Side" performed by The Bill Holman Band
 * Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or for Television
 * Alan Menken & Stephen Schwartz (songwriters) for "Colors of the Wind" performed by Vanessa Williams
 * Best Instrumental Composition Written for a Motion Picture or for Television
 * Hans Zimmer (composer) for Crimson Tide
 * Best Instrumental Arrangement
 * Robert Farnon (arranger) for "Lament" performed by J. J. Johnson & the Robert Farnon Orchestra
 * Best Instrumental Arrangement with Accompanying Vocal(s)
 * Rob McConnell (arranger) for "I Get a Kick Out of You" performed by Mel Tormé with Rob McConnell & The Boss Brass

Country

 * Best Female Country Vocal Performance
 * Alison Krauss for "Baby, Now That I've Found You"
 * Best Male Country Vocal Performance
 * Vince Gill for "Go Rest High on That Mountain"
 * Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal
 * The Mavericks for "Here Comes the Rain"
 * Best Country Collaboration with Vocals
 * Alison Krauss & Shenandoah for "Somewhere in the Vicinity of the Heart"
 * Best Country Instrumental Performance
 * Asleep at the Wheel, Béla Fleck & Johnny Gimble for "Hightower"
 * Best Country Song
 * Vince Gill (songwriter) for "Go Rest High on That Mountain"
 * Best Country Album
 * Robert John "Mutt" Lange (producer) & Shania Twain for The Woman in Me
 * Best Bluegrass Album
 * The Nashville Bluegrass Band for Unleashed

Folk

 * Best Traditional Folk Album
 * Ramblin' Jack Elliott for South Coast
 * Best Contemporary Folk Album
 * Emmylou Harris for Wrecking Ball

Gospel

 * Best Pop/Contemporary Gospel Album
 * Michael W. Smith for I'll Lead You Home
 * Best Rock Gospel Album
 * Ashley Cleveland for Lesson of Love
 * Best Traditional Soul Gospel Album
 * Shirley Caesar for Shirley Caesar Live – He Will Come
 * Best Contemporary Soul Gospel Album
 * CeCe Winans for Alone In His Presence
 * Best Southern Gospel, Country Gospel or Bluegrass Gospel Album
 * Bill Hearn (producer) for Amazing Grace – A Country Salute to Gospel performed by various artists
 * Best Gospel Album by a Choir or Chorus
 * Carol Cymbala (choir director) for Praise Him – Live! performed by the Brooklyn Tabernacle Choir

Historical

 * Best Historical Album
 * John Pfeiffer (producer & notes writer), Ray Hall, Thomas MacCluskey, James P. Nichols, Anthony Salvatore, Jon M. Samuels, David Satz (engineers), J.J. Stelmach (art director), Gabriel Banat, Grant Beglarian, Robert Cowan, Mortimer W. Frank, Richard Freed, Erick Friedman, Harris Goldsmith, Josefa Heifetz, George Jellinek, Irving Kolodin, Jacob Lateiner, Laurence Lesser, Myra C. Livingston, John Maltese, John Anthony Maltese, Leonard Pennario & Brooks Smith (notes writers) for The Heifetz Collection performed by Jascha Heifetz & various artists

Jazz

 * Best Jazz Instrumental Solo
 * Michael Brecker for "Impressions"
 * Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Individual or Group
 * McCoy Tyner Trio & Michael Brecker for "Infinity"
 * Best Large Jazz Ensemble Performance
 * Tom Scott for "All Blues" performed by the GRP All-Star Big Band
 * Best Jazz Vocal Performance
 * Lena Horne for An Evening with Lena Horne
 * Best Contemporary Jazz Performance
 * Pat Metheny Group for "We Live Here"
 * Best Latin Jazz Performance
 * Jobim for Antonio Brasileiro

Latin

 * Best Latin Pop Performance
 * Jon Secada for Amor
 * Best Tropical Latin Performance
 * Gloria Estefan for Abriendo Puertas
 * Best Mexican-American/Tejano Music Performance
 * Flaco Jiménez for Flaco Jiménez

Musical show

 * Best Musical Show Album
 * Arif Mardin, Jerry Leiber, Mike Stoller (producers) & the original Broadway cast for Smokey Joe's Cafe – The Songs of Leiber & Stoller

Music video

 * Best Music Video, Short Form
 * Ceán Chaffin (producer), Mark Romanek (director), Janet Jackson & Michael Jackson for "Scream"
 * Best Music Video, Long Form
 * Robert Warr (producer), François Girard (director) & Peter Gabriel for Secret World Live

New Age

 * Best New Age Album
 * George Winston for Forest

Packaging and notes

 * Best Recording Package
 * Joni Mitchell & Robbie Cavolina (art directors) for Turbulent Indigo performed by Joni Mitchell
 * Best Recording Package – Boxed
 * Frank Zappa & Gail Zappa (art directors) for Civilization Phaze III performed by Frank Zappa
 * Best Album Notes
 * Rob Bowman (notes writer) for The Complete Stax/Volt Soul Singles, Vol. 3: 1972–1975 performed by various artists

Polka

 * Best Polka Album
 * Jimmy Sturr for I Love to Polka

Pop

 * Best Female Pop Vocal Performance
 * "No More 'I Love You's'" – Annie Lennox
 * "Fantasy" – Mariah Carey
 * "I Know" – Dionne Farris
 * "One of Us" – Joan Osborne
 * "You Got It" - Bonnie Raitt
 * "Colors of the Wind" – Vanessa Williams

 * Best Male Pop Vocal Performance
 * "Kiss From a Rose" – Seal
 * "Have You Ever Really Loved a Woman?" – Bryan Adams
 * "You Are Not Alone" – Michael Jackson
 * "Believe" – Elton John
 * "When We Dance" – Sting

 * Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals
 * "Let Her Cry – "Hootie & the Blowfish
 * "I Can Love You Like That" – All-4-One
 * "Love Will Keep Us Alive" – Eagles
 * "I'll Be There for You" – The Rembrandts
 * "Waterfalls" – TLC

 * Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals
 * "Have I Told You Lately" – The Chieftains & Van Morrison
 * "Someone to Love" – Jon B. featuring Babyface
 * "When You Love Someone" – Anita Baker with James Ingram
 * "One Sweet Day" – Mariah Carey and Boyz II Men
 * "Scream" – Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson

 * Best Pop Instrumental Performance
 * "Mariachi Suite" – Los Lobos
 * "In Memory of Elizabeth Reed" – The Allman Brothers Band
 * "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas" – Kenny G
 * "Yesterday" – Dave Grusin
 * "Song B" – Bruce Hornsby

 * Best Pop Album
 * Turbulent Indigo – Joni Mitchell
 * Larry Klein, producer
 * Daydream – Mariah Carey
 * Walter Afanasieff, Mariah Carey, Jermaine Dupri, Dave Hall, David Morales & Manuel Seal, producers
 * Hell Freezes Over – Eagles
 * Eagles, Elliot Scheiner, Rob Jacobs, and Stan Lynch, producers
 * Medusa – Annie Lennox
 * Stephen Lipson, producer
 * Bedtime Stories – Madonna
 * Madonna, Dallas Austin, Babyface, Dave Hall, and Nellee Hooper, producers

Production and engineering

 * Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical
 * David Bianco, Jim Scott, Richard Dodd & Stephen McLaughlin (engineers) for Wildflowers performed by Tom Petty

 * Best Engineered Album, Classical
 * Jonathan Stokes, Michael Mailes (engineers), Herbert Blomstedt (conductor) & the San Francisco Symphony for Bartók: Concerto for Orchestra; Kossuth – Symphonic Poem

 * Producer of the Year
 * Babyface

 * Classical Producer of the Year
 * Steven Epstein

R&B

 * Best Female R&B Vocal Performance
 * Anita Baker for "I Apologize"
 * Best Male R&B Vocal Performance
 * Stevie Wonder for "For Your Love"
 * Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal
 * TLC for "Creep"
 * Best R&B Song
 * Stevie Wonder (songwriter) for "For Your Love"
 * Best R&B Album
 * TLC for CrazySexyCool

Rap

 * Best Rap Solo Performance
 * "Gangsta's Paradise" – Coolio
 * "Keep Their Heads Ringin'" – Dr. Dre
 * "Big Poppa" – The Notorious B.I.G.
 * "I Wish" – Skee-Lo
 * "Dear Mama" – 2Pac
 * "Homiez"- Tyrone

 * Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group
 * "I'll Be There for You/You're All I Need to Get By" – Method Man featuring Mary J. Blige
 * "1st of tha Month" – Bone Thugs-n-Harmony
 * "Throw Your Set in the Air" – Cypress Hill
 * "Feel Me Flow" – Naughty by Nature
 * "What Would You Do?" – Tha Dogg Pound

 * Best Rap Album
 * Poverty's Paradise – Naughty by Nature
 * E. 1999 Eternal – Bone Thugs-n-Harmony; D.J. U-Neek, producer
 * Return to the 36 Chambers: The Dirty Version – Ol' Dirty Bastard; the RZA, producer
 * I Wish – Skee-Lo; Walter "Kandor" Kahn & Skee-Lo, producers
 * Me Against the World – 2Pac
 * Underground Biggest Kingz- Tyrone

Reggae

 * Best Reggae Album
 * Shaggy for Boombastic

Rock

 * Best Female Rock Vocal Performance
 * Alanis Morissette for "You Oughta Know"
 * Best Male Rock Vocal Performance
 * Tom Petty for "You Don't Know How It Feels"
 * Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal
 * Blues Traveler for "Run-Around"
 * Best Rock Instrumental Performance
 * Allman Brothers Band for "Jessica"
 * Best Hard Rock Performance
 * Pearl Jam for "Spin the Black Circle"
 * Best Metal Performance
 * Nine Inch Nails for "Happiness in Slavery"
 * Best Rock Song
 * Alanis Morissette & Glen Ballard (songwriters) for "You Oughta Know" performed by Alanis Morissette
 * Best Rock Album
 * Glen Ballard (producer) & Alanis Morissette for Jagged Little Pill

Spoken

 * Best Spoken Word or Non-musical Album
 * Maya Angelou for Phenomenal Woman
 * Best Spoken Comedy Album
 * Jonathan Winters for Crank(y) Calls

Traditional pop

 * Best Traditional Pop Vocal Performance
 * Frank Sinatra for Duets II

World

 * Best World Music Album
 * Deep Forest for Boheme

MusiCares Person of the Year

 * Quincy Jones

title: 38th Annual Grammy Awards


text:
Barton, Vermont

Barton is a town in Orleans County, Vermont, United States. The population was 2,872 at the 2020 census. The town includes two incorporated villages, Barton and Orleans. Approximately a quarter of the town's population lives in each of the villages, and approximately half lives outside the villages. Only four other towns in the state contain two incorporated villages.

The Nulhegan Abenaki Tribe, a state-recognized tribe, is headquartered here.

History
The Abenaki and their ancestors had been in this area for 12,000 years. They were part of the large Wabanaki confederacy of related Algonguian-speaking peoples that extended into what is now Canada. In 2011 and 2012 the state of Vermont officially recognized four Abenaki tribes. The Nulhegan Abenaki Tribe has its headquarters in Barton.

Early European traders and colonists were French. Anglo-Americans began to enter the area later in the 18th century. Both groups pushed the Abenaki aside when they wanted the land, and the natives suffered high mortality due to new infectious diseases.

France and England continued their European competition in North America, including in wars of the early 18th century. There was frequent raiding by each group of colonists and their Native American allies between their settlements, leading to a brisk trade in ransomed captives.

The French and Indian War was the North American front of the Seven Years' War later in the century. In the latter warfare, Rogers' Rangers attacked Saint-Francis, Quebec in 1759, but were forced to retreat. They came through this area, splitting their forces before reaching Barton. One group followed the Barton River south to the falls at the outlet of Crystal Lake, where they caught fish to eat. They continued south over the summit into the Passumpsic River Valley.

After the American Revolutionary War and independence, Barton was chartered on October 20, 1789. The land was granted in lieu of pay to 60 Revolutionary War veterans, mainly from Rhode Island. They included Admiral John Paul Jones, General William Barton after whom the town was named, and Ira Allen. Prior to formal chartering, the town had been known as "Providence."

From 1791 to 1793 Timothy Hinman built what is now called the Hinman Settler Road, linking Barton south to Greensboro and north through Brownington to Derby and Canada. The early Anglo-American settlers of Barton found wigwams, in a decayed condition, quite numerous in the vicinity of the outlet of Barton pond. They realized that this had been a favorite camping ground of the Abenaki. They noted that Foosah, an Abenaki, said that he had killed 27 moose, besides large numbers of beaver and otter, near this pond in the winter of 1783–1784.

On June 6, 1810, the body of water known today as Runaway Pond flooded the Barton River Valley, resulting in widespread destruction. Its effects can still be seen today. In 1824, voters decided to fund education for all children, establishing public schools. A private academy started operating in 1852 with 107 students. This was the forerunner of Barton Academy.

Railroad construction reached Barton in 1858. The first train arrived in 1863. As each new railroad terminus was built, the stagecoaches used them as well. The stage ran north from Barton, from what is now the junction of State Road 58 and US 5, to connect with the Hinman Settler Road. It came from Glover and ran up Barton Hill, over what is now Maple Hill Road, and on to what is now the Orleans Country Club; from there it went to Brownington.

Fred Kimball opposed slavery and became an agent on the Underground Railroad before the Civil War, assisting refugee slaves from the South to reach freedom in Vermont or pass into Canada. Some of the refugees wanted to get as far as possible from slave catchers, who became more aggressive as bounties were increased after the 1850 Fugitive Slave Act.

Some 182 men from the town volunteered to fight in the Civil War. By 1863, enthusiasm for the war had waned, and Congress passed legislation to start a draft of soldiers. Individuals were allowed to buy their way out of the draft for $300, a steep sum for many men at the time, or find a substitute, usually paying a bounty of $100. Barton's quota was 14. Of the 14 men originally drafted, seven bought their way out, and six obtained a substitute. One served.

The town had a total of seven granite quarries, which were a mainstay of the economy. Around 1900, a granite quarry was located on the east side of Crystal Lake. Steamboats carried stone by barges across the lake. In winter, barges were slid across on the ice.

In 1907 excavation for the new Barton Academy revealed an Abenaki burying ground. There is no record of what happened to the artifacts that were discovered in the graves.

Increasing steadily, Barton's population reached a peak of 3,506 people in 1920. In 1921, the town put on a large pageant celebrating its 125th anniversary. A professional choreographer and playwright was hired. 300 townspeople performed, and they were watched by 4,500 paying spectators, a record audience for the county at the time. The investment of $1,000 was recouped. The festival area was afterwards known as Pageant Park, which is now owned by the Barton village.

Following the outbreak of World War II, the Portland Pipeline company built a crude oil pipeline to Montreal, Canada from Portland, Maine in 1941. It wanted to avoid the risk of U-Boat attacks that resulted from shipping by sea. In 2005, the portion of the line that passes through Barton town was evaluated and taxed at $2,277,000.

The last one-room schools stopped operation in the late 1950s. In 1964, a candlepin bowling alley was opened. Up to ten community leagues used the facility. It closed in 2000 after some legal problems.

In 1967, the school districts found that their high schools, Barton Academy and Orleans High School, were too small to accommodate current needs. They converted them to elementary school use and built a new facility, Lake Region Union High School.

On February 14, 2016, the temperature dropped to -20 F. The high for the day was -18 F. There had been insufficient snow to insulate homes against the cold, and a life-threatening emergency developed after electric power failed. It was off for 12 hours, jeopardizing the lives of many residents, particularly the elderly, among those who depended on electrical fired furnaces. Exterior electrical generators could not be started due to the cold. Plumbing froze and burst in many houses.

South Barton
The unincorporated village of South Barton, sometimes called Kimball Station, no longer exists. It was located near the Wheeler Mountain Road south of Crystal Lake on present-day Route 5.

In 1858, Barton (and Orleans County) obtained a triangular piece of land from Sheffield which included all of May Pond, the entire area south of Crystal Lake, and the village of South Barton. In 1861, the village of South Barton had its own post office, and, in 1874, its own railroad depot. In the early 1930s, 30 students attended its one-room schoolhouse.

Its main industry was logging. The village foundered because it lacked electric power, which the other two villages in town had aggressively pursued getting installed. South Barton tried to rely on steam power, but by the early 1940s, the village was no longer viable. Its post office closed in 1947. Three industries operated successively in the same location: the Orleans and Caledonia Steam Mill Company, Willoughby Wood and Lumber Company, and US Bobbin and Shuttle Company. Eventually the relocation of the latter to New York state took enough jobs that remaining residents left the village.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 44.9 square miles (116.3 km2), of which 43.7 square miles (113.1 km2) is land and 1.3 square miles (3.3 km2) (2.81%) is water. Barton averages 931 ft above sea level (ASL).

The principal rock is calciferous mica schist. About two miles (3 km) from the Irasburg line, and parallel with it, there is a narrow vein of hornblende schist the whole length of the town. In the eastern corner, covering an area of several square miles, the rocks are a mixture of granite, syenite, and protogine. Iron has been found in small quantities, and some traces of gold.

The highest peak in Barton is Barton Mountain – 2235 ft ASL. May Hill is 2007 ft high.

Rivers include the Barton, and Willoughby; Hogtrough Brook, Lord Brook, Annis Brook, May Pond Brook, Willoughby Brook, and Roaring Brook. Each spring, the migrating rainbow trout swim up the Willoughby River to spawn in Lake Willoughby.

Crystal Lake State Park is located in Barton.

Town

 * Moderator: William Boyd Davies
 * Selectman: Jim Greenwood
 * Selectman: Robert Croteau
 * Selectmen: Mike Pion
 * Town Clerk: Kristin Atwood

The Selectmen's Budget was $310,100 in 2008; the Highway Budget was $441,900.

Legislature
The Essex-Orleans Senate district includes the town of Barton, as well as parts or all of Essex County, Orleans County, Franklin County and Lamoille County. It is represented in the Vermont Senate by John S. Rodgers (D) and Robert A. Starr (D).

In the Vermont House of Representatives, Barton forms part of the Orleans-Caledonia-1 district. Its representatives are Vicki Strong (R) and Sam Young (D).

Education
The town is a key member of the Orleans Central Supervisory Union. Spending per pupil in 2007 was $10,364, slightly below the state average of $11,095.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,780 people, 1,153 households, and 748 families residing in the town. The population density was 63.7/sq mi(24.6/km2). There were 1,438 housing units at an average density of 32.9 per square mile (12.7/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 97.37% White, 0.32% Black or African American, 0.40% Native American, 0.18% Asian, 0.07% from other races, and 1.65% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.29% of the population.

There were 1,153 households, out of which 32.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.6% were married couples living together, 10.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.1% were non-families. Of all households, 30.4% were made up of individuals, and 16.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the town, the age distribution of the population shows 24.8% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 25.9% from 25 to 44, 24.3% from 45 to 64, and 18.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.1 males.

Personal income
The median income for a household in the town was $28,797, and the median income for a family was $33,872. Males had a median income of $25,922 versus $20,938 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,636. About 12.2% of families and 15.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 21.7% of those under age 18 and 17.0% of those age 65 or over.

Tourism
Prior to 2010, a study was taken which showed that second home ownership in town was 30%; this was similar to other locations across the county. Most seasonal residents come in the summer, and tourism is important to the economy.

Industry
Ethan Allen Manufacturing, in the village of Orleans, employs about 400 workers locally.

A nursing home with 71 beds employs 70 people.

Landline
Consolidated Communications of Northern New England.

Cellphone
Barton is served by Verizon and AT&T.

Electricity
The Barton side of Barton town is served by Barton Electric, which generates some of its power hydroelectrically to 2100 customers (households).

The Orleans side of Barton town is served by The Village of Orleans Electric with 665 customers (households).

Water and sewage
Water is separately distributed to local village residents in Barton and Orleans. Barton charges $59.50 per 5000 USGAL; Orleans charges $24. Sewage is charged by the same water meter usage, $172.60 per 5000 in Barton; $59 in Orleans.

Solid waste
Barton generated about 2000 ST of waste annually in 2013.

Major routes
The opening of the Interstate north on November 9, 1972, and opening south in 1978, stimulated connections with other communities; it resulted in increased trade and attracted new residents. This was similar to the effects of the opening of the railway a century earlier. In 1980, Barton registered its first population gain in a century.

Barton has 78.37 mi of state road and class 1, 2 and 3 roads, of which 44.38 mi are class 3 (dirt) roads and 21.43 mi are state roads.

 * [[Image:I-91.svg|20px]] Interstate 91 – Barton to Derby
 * [[Image:US 5.svg|20px]] U.S. Route 5 – Barton to Derby
 * [[Image:Vermont 16.svg|20px]] Vermont Route 16 – Barton to Westmore east and north, to Glover south
 * [[Image:Vermont 58.svg|20px]] Vermont Route 58 – Barton to Lowell west and Barton to Westmore east

Local community public and private transportation
Vermont Transit bus company services Barton.

Railroads
While the Washington County Railroad (The Vermont Railway System) runs through Barton about twice a day, it does not make scheduled stops. The railroad created a transload facility in town in 2015. This is operated by a hauler headquartered in Troy.

Media

 * The Chronicle – published weekly in Barton
 * The Orleans County Monitor was published here from January 8, 1872, to 1953 as a weekly newspaper.

Culture
Barton has two libraries, one in Barton village, and one in Orleans. Barton village contains three areas listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The Orleans County Fair has been held in the town nearly every August since 1867. It was first held at the site later developed as the Orleans Country Club. It moved to the Barton Fairgrounds, separately owned, in 1868. The fourteenth fair was held in 1903, suggesting skipped years. One year Lowell Thomas, a noted explorer, was the master of ceremonies. In 1912, Theodore Roosevelt campaigned for President here.

For many years, the fair featured harness racing, which was popular in New England. In 2009, a state record for the mile was broken at 1:56.2.

Edward Hoagland wrote an essay, "Americana, etc.", a paean to the Fair of 1969. His praise of girlie shows aroused an uproar among some residents, and resulted in these being shut down as part of the attractions.

The fair continues in the 21st century. In 2011, a Guinness World Record was set when 301 Cadillacs were in the same parade on the opening day of the Fair; they far surpassed the 103 needed to beat the prior record. The Cadillac developer was born in Barton. In 2013, the paid attendance was 18,000.

Notable people

 * Frederick W. Baldwin, practiced law with William Grout; president pro tempore of the Vermont Senate (1900)
 * Colonel William Barton, Revolutionary War officer, founder of the town
 * Susan Dunklee, biathlete, raised in Barton
 * Mary Baker Eddy resided with student after the death of her husband in 1882
 * Lee E. Emerson, 69th governor of Vermont
 * Josiah Grout, 46th governor of Vermont
 * William W. Grout, US congressman 1881–1883
 * Emory A. Hebard, Vermont State Treasurer (1977–1989)
 * Henry M. Leland, engineer and automotive entrepreneur, created both the Cadillac and Lincoln brands
 * Orrin Wiley Locke, state senator from Orleans County
 * Willard W. Miles, associate judge on the Vermont Supreme Court
 * Major General Francis W. Nye, commander of the Defense Atomic Support Agency, Sandia
 * Henry Alexander Stafford, professional baseball player for the New York Giants
 * Frank D. Thompson, Associate Justice of the Vermont Supreme Court

title: Barton, Vermont


text:
Newport (town), Vermont

Newport is a town in Orleans County, Vermont, United States. The population was 1,526 at the 2020 census. The town is referred to by the United States Postal Service and the media as Newport Center, the name of the main settlement of the town. Newport is also the name of neighboring Newport City.

Town

 * Selectman – Steve Barrup
 * Selectman – Richard Gosselin
 * Selectman – Gerry Waterman
 * Town Clerk – Denise Daigle
 * Road Commissioner – Fred Baraw
 * Zoning Administrator – Doug Lay
 * Member, Planning Commission – Dan Boone

School District

 * Member, School Board (2007–2009) – Kristin Grenier
 * Member, School Board (2007–2010) – Wilma Therrien
 * Member, School Board – Conrad Bellavance
 * Budget – $2,400,000

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 43.5 square miles (112.6 km2), of which 41.7 square miles (108.0 km2) is land and 1.8 square miles (4.6 km2) (4.07%) is water.

The unincorporated village of Newport Center is located roughly in the geographic center of town. The town also contains a smaller, secondary settlement, South Newport, located in the southern part of town.

History
Newport was formed on October 26, 1781, and chartered under the name of Duncansboro, to George Duncan, Nathan Fisk, and 63 others on October 30, 1802. Amos Sawyer, Enos Bartlett, James C. Adams were the first town selectman. Amos Sawyer was also the first Town Clerk. These were among the first settlers of Duncansboro. The name was altered from Duncansboro to Newport, October 30, 1816.

The first clearing, which began where Newport Center is now, was made by H. & A. Adams and D. & S. Meacham. Here they constructed a dam and put up a waterwheel sawmill on Mud Creek. Amos Sawyer, a carpenter by trade, built a home nearby. Two other settlements were established in the town: South Newport and Pickeral Point, later renamed to Lake Bridge (named for its location at the head of Lake Memphremagog). By the late 19th century, the Boston and Maine and Central Vermont railroads were routed through Lake Bridge and the small village experienced a population boom. In 1868, the Lake Bridge settlement was incorporated as the "Village of Newport". The main town village, Newport Center, was also incorporated in 1908.

In 1917, the Village of Newport separated from the Town of Newport and merged with the Village of West Derby (in the town of Derby) to form the City of Newport. In 1931, by special acts of the General Assembly, the Village of Newport Center consolidated with the Town of Newport, with its former responsibilities automatically assumed by the town.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,511 people, 587 households, and 436 families residing in the town. The population density was 36.2 people per square mile (14.0/km2). There were 746 housing units at an average density of 17.9/sq mi (6.9/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 97.35% White, 0.26% Black or African American, 0.73% Native American, 0.26% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, and 1.32% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.53% of the population.

There were 587 households, out of which 33.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.0% were married couples living together, 7.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.6% were non-families. 19.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 2.93.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.5% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 27.8% from 45 to 64, and 11.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 102.4 males.

The US Census Bureau estimates that the town's population increased 19.1% between 2000–2005, the second largest increase in the state of Vermont.

Personal Income
The median income for a household in the town was $34,758, and the median income for a family was $43,828. Males had a median income of $28,063 versus $21,389 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,677. About 10.1% of families and 12.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.1% of those under age 18 and 4.1% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

 * Charles Adams, first owner of the Boston Bruins, First National Stores, the Boston Braves, and Suffolk Downs
 * Josiah Grout, 46th governor of Vermont; represented Newport in the legislature 1872–1876
 * George "Spike" Hamilton, bandleader.
 * Glenn D. Lowry, director of MoMA; summer

title: Newport (town), Vermont


text:
Newport (city), Vermont

Newport is the only city in, and the shire town of, Orleans County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 4,455. The city contains the second-largest population of any municipality in the county (only neighboring Derby is larger), and has the smallest geographic area. It is the second-smallest city by population in Vermont. Newport is also the name of neighboring Newport Town.

Newport was founded by European Americans as a settlement in 1793 and was first called Pickerel Point. It was the place where Rogers' Rangers retreated in 1759 after a French and Indian War incursion into Canada. In the 19th century, the village was stimulated by construction of the railroad in 1863, during the American Civil War. The lumbering firm Prouty & Miller operated here from 1865. Long after the post-war Reconstruction era, the village was the site for a Reunion Society of Vermont Officers in 1891. Newport has two public schools, one private school, and a branch of the Community College of Vermont. As of the 2010 census, there were 4,589 people.

Early
In 1753, during the French and Indian War, an Abenaki band took English captive John Stark by canoe down Lake Memphremagog and came ashore at the site where the city of Newport later developed. Allies of the French during this war, they had captured Stark in a raid. They held him until his family and community raised a ransom. They then returned him to his home in New Hampshire. Given the warfare on the border with Canada, both sides took captives for ransom beginning in the late 17th century. Business was brisk at the time of Queen Anne and other English rulers.

Newport as a settlement was founded in 1793, after the American Revolutionary War. The village was first called Pickeral Point, but later renamed as Lake Bridge for its location at the head of Lake Memphremagog.

In 1816, part of the former town of Salem was annexed to the Town of Newport; it was absorbed into what was then a village.

The railroad was constructed to Newport in 1863. In 1868, the Lake Bridge settlement was incorporated as the Village of Newport. It became a busy lumber town. The lumbering firm of Prouty & Miller was started in 1865.

In 1932, during the Great Depression, the city operated a poor farm for the indigent, who worked for their board.

Transportation
The Lady of the Lake steam excursion/ferry boat started operating in 1867. It stopped operations in 1917. This steamboat is used as Newport's logo.

In 1868, a livery stable started operating behind a hotel, several blocks from the railway station, which opened in 1863. At its peak, its owner kept 100 horses there.

By the late 19th century, the Boston & Maine and Central Vermont railroads were routed through Lake Bridge. The small village expanded because of increased connections to outside markets and ease of transportation; it attracted more residents. By the late 20th century, railroad passenger traffic had declined because people relied on individual vehicles; the last passenger train left Newport in 1965.

In 1917, the city paved Main Street. By the summer of 1930, traffic on the street had increased to 4,000 motor vehicles a day.

The city sold its airport to the state of Vermont in the 1970s.

Military
Rogers' Rangers, a Vermont militia, were forced to retreat through the county following their attack on Saint-Francis, Quebec in 1759, during the French and Indian War. To confound their pursuers, they split up on the east shore of Lake Memphremagog. One group followed the Clyde River east. Another followed the Barton River south.

In the early 19th century, the women of pioneer Calvin Arnold's household refused to continue to live there. It was located near what is now Clyde Pond, and subject to raids by Indians.

During the American Civil War, the city had a scare when they received news of the St. Albans Raid. They thought these raids might repeat throughout the state, particularly at the south end of the lake. The militia was turned out. The ferry from Magog was met with determined-looking armed men, much to the captain's surprise, who had heard nothing about the raid. Armed Norwich University students were shipped in by train. Nothing happened and everyone was sent home after a few days.

In 1891, the American Civil War Reunion Society of Vermont Officers held its annual reunion in Newport.

In August 1942, a single-engine Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) training plane crashed into the lake near the west shore and the city, killing the pilot, the only occupant.

Architecture

In 1873, the Bellevue Hotel was built to accommodate 75; later it expanded to hold 100 guests. It was renamed as the Newport House by 1891. It was demolished in 1973. The Memphremagog Hotel burned in 1907.

The Newport Wharf Light was a tower built on Lake Memphremagog in 1879. It has since been demolished.

The current county courthouse was built in 1886. That was the year that the legislature moved the shire town here. In 1879, the Field Opera House and Clock Tower was constructed. In 1896, it was destroyed by fire. The municipal building was later constructed at this site.

Lane's Opera House was constructed in 1892. It burned in 1923.

The Goodrich Memorial Library was built in 1899. The parochial Sacred Heart School was opened in 1904 as part of the Burlington Roman Catholic Diocese School District. It closed in the fall of 2007 because of falling enrollment.

In 1917, the city of Newport was formed from portions of the towns of Newport (former village of Newport) and Derby (former village of West Derby). It was organized on March 5, 1918. The four elementary schools were named after the section of the city they were in: East, West, and South schools. Newport High was across from the West School. There were 60 businesses downtown; east, west and south had an additional 40 businesses.

The current federal courthouse was built in 1904. At the time, it included the United States post office, which has since relocated to a more modern facility.

The city was once divided into at least five neighborhoods: Chief-O, Stove-Pipe City, Skunk Hollow, French Village, and Batesville. Most of these names are not used in the 21st century. Batesville was the section around Prouty Bay. Skunk Hollow was in the valley west of Western Avenue.

Business
The lumbering firm Prouty & Miller, started in 1865. It operated for more than 100 years, closing in the 1980s.

The Frost Veneer Mill, located on Prouty Bay, was once a primary employer in the Batesville neighborhood.

Between 1936 and 1953, the International Club in Newport had the largest dance floor in New England. 220 by. It could hold 2,000 dancers. Notable national performers entertained here while en route between the larger cities of Boston and Montreal, traveling on the Boston & Maine trains. They included: Louis Armstrong, Charlie Barnet, Les Brown, Cab Calloway, Rosemary Clooney, the Dorsey Brothers, Jimmy and Tommy; Stan Kenton, Kay Kyser, Gene Krupa, Glenn Miller, Tony Pastor, and Louis Prima.

In 2003, the Newport-headquartered Citizens Utility was sold. Its assets and operations were divided between Great Bay Hydro and Vermont Electric Cooperative. The Vermont Teddy Bear Company once had a plant within the city. A Columbia Forest Products plant employed about 100 workers. A local subsidiary of an international ski clothing manufacturer once employed 30 workers. It closed in 2011.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 7.6 sqmi, of which 6.0 sqmi is land and 1.6 sqmi (20.87%) is water. The city surrounds the southern shore of Lake Memphremagog. Three of the four major rivers in the county empty into the lake here: the Clyde, Barton, and the Black.

Newport borders the towns of Coventry to the south, Newport to the west, and Derby to the north and east.

Demographics
From its founding, Newport's population plateaued around 5,000 people until 1950 when it started dropping. It reached bottom in 1990 at 4,434. In 2010 the population dropped from the 2000 census, and it still had not reached its 1950 high which was 5,217. As of the census of 2010, there were 4,589 people, 2,086 households, and 1,191 families residing in the city. The population density was 830.0 people per square mile (320.5/km2). There were 2,342 housing units at an average density of 388.4 per square mile (150.0/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 96.14% White, 0.76% Black or African American, 0.62% Native American, 0.62% Asian, 0.22% from other races, and 1.64% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.28% of the population. Thirty-three percent were of French Canadian and French ancestry, 16% English, and 14% Irish.

There were 2,086 households, out of which 26.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.0% were married couples living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.9% were non-families. 35.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.20 and the average family size was 2.84.

In the city, the population was distributed by age with 22.2% under 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 27.1% from 25 to 44, 23.1% from 45 to 64, and 19.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.7 males.

In 2013, about 31% of adults in the area were obese. This was the highest in the state.

Personal income
In 2017, the median income for a household in the city was $34,000. The median income for the state was $53,700. The median income for a family was $34,922. Males had a median income of $33,810 versus $19,787 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,054. About 13.0% of families and 18.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.4% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over.

The per capita income is the highest in Orleans County. The income ranks it 108 out of 282 census areas in Vermont.

Industry
Poulin Grain ships farm feed products to customers in New England and upstate New York. It employs about 50 workers. The plant produces feed 24 hours a day, seven days a week.

A Columbia Forest Products plant employs about 100 workers.

A call center employs 120 people.

MSA manufactures military combat helmets.

Health industry
North Country Hospital is the city's largest employer, employing 605 people.

Orleans-Essex Visiting Nurses Association and Hospice employs 100 people locally.

Northeast Kingdom Human Services serves people with mental health needs.

Social services are provided in part by the Northeast Kingdom Community Action, located here and in other Northeast Kingdom sites.

Tourism
A commercial ice fishing derby has been held in February since 2004. In 2010, there were 920 participants.

The only Soap Box Derby in Vermont is held in the city annually. The winner represents the state in the nationals.

The local Rotary has held an annual music festival involving county high schools since 1947.

Non-local government
The Northern State Correctional Facility, Newport Court, Reparative Services, and Vermont Correctional Industries are located in the city.

City government
Municipal offices are located in the former National Guard Armory, 222 Main Street, Newport.

Elected government consists of four aldermen with staggered two-year terms and a mayor.

The city has a paid staff for tax assessment/zoning administrator, public works department, police, fire, recreation and parks, city attorney, and harbor master.

There are decision-making boards which are filled by unpaid appointees: planning commission (5 people, three-year terms), harbor commission (5 people, two-year terms), development review board (nine people, three-year terms), and a recreation committee.

There are normal officers for Vermont cities and sometimes towns, except they are appointed for cities: Delinquent tax collector, town service officer, animal control, health officer, tree warden, weigher of coal, inspector of wood and shingles, representative to NVDA (Northeastern Vermont Development Association) board, representative to EDC board (Vermont Economic Development Authority), and Fence Viewers.

Budget (proposed 2014–2015) – $2.99 million. About $1 million is for the police force.

In 2017, the Grand List (total of taxable property) was $399 million. About 25% of this is non-taxable, belonging to government and religious entities.

Officials
The city is governed under the mayor-council system. In 2023, its mayor is Beth Barnes. The council is composed of Kevin Charboneau, John Wilson, Council President, Clark Curtis, Christopher Vachon. The city clerk/treasurer is James D. Johnson, and the city manager is Laura Dolgin.

Elections
Fifty-four percent of those registered voted in the 2008 general election. This was the lowest turnout in the county.

Education
Newport has two public schools: an elementary school, Newport City Elementary, and a high school, North Country Union High School. There is one private school, the United Christian Academy. In 1996 United Christian Academy was formed uniting Roman Catholic and Protestant churches in offering quality high school education. Elementary was later added following the closing of Sacred Heart School.

School districts
The city has a school board that governs the operation of Newport Elementary.

School Board directors include Leo Willey (chair), Corinna Lancaster (vice chair), Marcy Miller, Patrick Haugwitz, and Phil Laramie.

The budget for the Newport City Elementary School was $4,435,765 in 2007.

In addition, the city belongs to North Country Supervisory Union with members from nearby towns. They operate the North Country Union High School and the North Country Union Junior High School. The supervisor hired by this union board supervises the town school, as well as the union schools.

 * Member, North Country Union High School Board – Tim DelaBruere (2010), Richard Cartee (2008) and James Privee (2009)

Higher education
Newport is home to a branch of the Community College of Vermont which enrolls nearly 300 students. It awards an Associate's Degree for these undergraduate studies.

Major routes

 * US 5.svg U.S. Route 5 – connects the city with the town of Coventry to the south, and the town of Derby to the north and east
 * Vermont 14.svg VT Route 14 – connects the city with Coventry
 * Vermont 100.svg VT Route 100 – connects the city with the Town of Newport
 * Vermont 105.svg VT Route 105 – connects the city with the Town of Newport (concurrent with route 100), and the town of Derby (concurrent with route 5)
 * Vermont 191.svg VT Route 191 – "Access Road", connects I-91, Exit 27, to the city of Newport

U.S. Route 5 and VT Route 105 are concurrent through much of their routes through the city.

Interstate 91 is the nearest interstate highway, and runs through the neighboring town of Derby. Two exits (for VT Route 191 and for US 5/VT 105) provide access to Newport.

The city has six stoplights, which is most of the stoplights in the county. Five are on Route 5.

Major bridges
There are three major bridges over the South Bay of Lake Memphremagog, two of which connect two parts of the city, the former village of Newport with the former village of West Derby. Those two are the bridge on Route 5, and the "Long Bridge" connecting Route 5 to Mt. Vernon Street. Plans are underway to replace this latter bridge starting in 2012. It will cost about $5.26 million. The state will pay 90%; the city, the remainder.

The final bridge is the trestle for the railway.

Local community public and private transportation
RCT (Rural Community Transportation), a non-profit organization, runs out of Saint Johnsbury and serves Caledonia, Essex, and Orleans counties. For general use, there are four buses north and south during the week from west Newport city to Derby, and two buses each way on Saturday. There is no bus fare.

Railroads
The city was once a junction for the Boston & Maine Railroad's Alouette and Red Wing trains splitting northwest to Montreal on the Canadian Pacific Railway and other Red Wing sections joining the New Haven Railroad's Connecticut Yankee and going directly north on Quebec Central Railway tracks to Sherbrooke, Quebec and Quebec City. Trains went south on Boston and Maine tracks towards New York City and on B&M tracks also towards Boston via Concord, New Hampshire. The Connecticut Yankee was the last strictly north–south international train, and it stopped going north across the border in the mid-1950s.

Washington County Railroad (known by the reporting mark WACR) – In 2007 WACR was awarded a 30-year contract by the State of Vermont to operate the rail line between White River Junction and Newport. Today the only regular service on this line is freight traffic.

Canadian Pacific Kansas City (known by the reporting mark CPKC) – CPKC operates the line running northwest through North Troy and eventually on to Farnham, Quebec. It interchanges freight traffic with the WACR at Newport yard, just south of town.

The Massawippi Valley Railway line, which was part of the Quebec Central Railway, once ran east of Lake Memphremagog up to Lennoxville, Quebec, but it has been abandoned and the right-of-way has been converted into a mixed-use bicycle and walking path.

Airport
The city is served by the Northeast Kingdom International Airport. It contains two runways of 4000 ft each 05–23, and 18–36.

Sewage
The city discharged an average of 908917 gal of treated wastewater daily into the Clyde River in 2003–2004.

Media

 * The Newport Daily Express – published daily except Saturdays and Sundays in Newport. Owned by Horizon Publications out of Marion, Illinois. Printed in Canada.
 * Newport Dispatch – online-only news updated daily.

Notable people

 * Charles Francis Adams, first owner of the Boston Bruins
 * Harry A. Black, Secretary of State of Vermont
 * Reginald W. Buzzell, U.S. Army brigadier general, resided in Newport
 * David M. Camp, Lieutenant Governor of Vermont, 1836–1841
 * Walter H. Cleary, Chief Justice of the Vermont Supreme Court
 * Rudolph J. Daley, Associate Justice of the Vermont Supreme Court
 * Lane Dwinell, 69th Governor of New Hampshire
 * Duane Graveline, astronaut
 * Aaron H. Grout, son of Josiah Grout and Vermont Secretary of State
 * Josiah Grout, 46th Governor of Vermont
 * George H. Prouty, 52nd Governor of Vermont
 * Winston L. Prouty, United States Senator
 * William Weston, politician who served in the Vermont Senate, lived and worked in Newport

title: Newport (city), Vermont