text:
Talk:Canadian Alliance

Untitled
Alright, there's clearly an edit war going on here. SimonP, 149, why don't you take it here to Talk: instead of just reverting over and over again? Bryan ummmmmmm what is the political symbol for the canadian alliance??how about you guys answer that

In response to the assertion the Reform votes did not come from the NDP, there is actually a fair bit of evidence that this did occur and that many of Reforms, and the CA supporters outside of Alberta were former NDP supporters. In general these are voters who dislike both major parties and vote for the strongest third party challenger. Look at the long NDP hled ridings in Manitoba and Saskatechewan that went for Reform in 1993. For other evidence see: - SimonP 19:01, Oct 19, 2003 (UTC)

Green and Blue VS Blue and Green, since the party accepts Green as official since Blue was used by the PC's in responce to the Reform/NDP... those ridings voted for Populists, and the CA became Populist, hence, the CA DID pick up some NDP supporters, but, most of those supporters were themselvs former SC supporters. Pellaken 14:35, 15 Jan 2004 (UTC)

The Conservative Party is socially progressive? Does anyone but the anonymous editor agree with this? I bet the gay and lesbian couples who would have the legal recognition of their marriages taken away if Stephen Harper and 95% of the CPC caucus had their way would disagree. I don't want to get into an edit war with someone who isn't willing to put his/her name to his/her edits, so help me out here, please. Kevintoronto 13:05, 21 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Reform movement link
This is a useless link. The anonymous editor who keeps putting this in should read what that article has to say before linking to it. Here is the main part of that article:
 * Reform movement is a kind of social movement that aims to make a change in certain aspects of the society rather than fundamental changes. It is opposed to radical social movement such as revolutionary movement or reactionary movement.

What does this have to say about the Reform Party of Canada or the Canadian Alliance? Really not very much. The rest of the article provides links to various reform movements in the US, especially those in the arts. Thanks, SimonP, for keeping on top of this.Kevintoronto 17:49, 29 Nov 2004 (UTC)

'''Please see Talk:Reform Party of Canada for my proposed compromise to resolve this. Thanks. Kevintoronto 19:10, 29 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Name
Wikipedia naming conventions are to use the most common name, and Canadian Alliance is by far the most common. - SimonP 07:12, Jan 14, 2005 (UTC)

What is the differ between center-right and right-of-center? Michaelm 4 July 2005 21:36 (UTC)
 * Centre-right implies a party that is centrist, but in the right half of the central portion of the political spectrum. Right of centre is a synonym for right wing, and refer to a party that is not centrist. - SimonP July 4, 2005 22:55 (UTC)

Unfortunate acronym early on, CCRAP. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-party-changes-embarrassing-acronym-1.240933 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 47.55.29.76 (talk) 15:17, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

"Canadian Tory"
The Canadian Alliance does not belong in that box. It was never called the "Tories", and actually refuted the name "tory".Habsfannova 23:14, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

Merge Reform Party of Canada into this article
The Reform Party of Canada is the same party as the Canadian Alliance. Reform was renamed the Canadian Alliance in 2000 and had minor changes to its official positions and the Canadian Alliance was dominated by former Reform MPs. There are too little differences for there to be a Reform Party of Canada article. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 65.95.161.40 (talk) 19:26, 12 May 2007 (UTC).
 * Do not merge -- each article is of suitable length. Merging would create an article that is too long. The relationship between the two parties is adequately discussed in each article, so nothing would be gained by merging. Ground Zero | t 19:40, 12 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Do not merge -- Agree with Ground Zero, and in any event these were not technically the same party. CJCurrie 04:27, 13 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Do not merge -- the relationship between the parties is adequately discussed. The difference may be small, but was there.  And it did even exist in the minds of voters. --Saforrest 01:18, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Reform.jpg
Image:Reform.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 04:24, 24 January 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Canadian Alliance. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110730033124/http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/conservativeparty/ to http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/conservativeparty/

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 01:02, 27 July 2017 (UTC)

Party's ideology
Per WP:BRD, the lead remains in status quo form, until/if a consensus can be reached for a change. Attempts to 'edit-war' in changes, is disruptive. GoodDay (talk) 03:02, 12 November 2021 (UTC)

The Canadian Alliance was the new name of the Reform Party
In terms of its registration with Elections Canada, the Canadian Reform Conservative Alliance was not a new party, but rather the new name of the Reform Party of Canada, effective on 2000-MAR-27. Preston Manning was leader of the Canadian Alliance in April 2000, according to the website of Elections Canada. Here are relevant links from the Internet Archive Wayback Machine: Motivated by discussion at Wikipedia talk:Canadian Wikipedians' notice board. Mathew5000 (talk) 02:02, 27 November 2021 (UTC)
 * 1) Press Release, Elections Canada, 2000-MAR-27 (French version)
 * 2) Press Release, Elections Canada, 2000-APR-02 (French version)
 * 3) Decision on Reform Party Application, Chief Electoral Officer, 2000-APR-02 (French version)
 * 4) Registered Political Parties, Elections Canada, 2000-FEB-29 (note Reform Party of Canada registration date is 1988-10-21)
 * 5) Registered Political Parties, Elections Canada, 2000-JUN-19 (note Canadian Reform Conservative Alliance registration date is listed with "Party Leader: Mr. E. Preston Manning" and registration date 1988-10-21)
 * 1) Registered Political Parties, Elections Canada, 2000-FEB-29 (note Reform Party of Canada registration date is 1988-10-21)
 * 2) Registered Political Parties, Elections Canada, 2000-JUN-19 (note Canadian Reform Conservative Alliance registration date is listed with "Party Leader: Mr. E. Preston Manning" and registration date 1988-10-21)
 * Still valid live link at https://elections.ca/content.aspx?section=med&document=decision&dir=pre&lang=e .. Moxy -Maple Leaf (Pantone).svg 14:01, 27 November 2021 (UTC)
 * I oppose any proposed merger in the future solely because the size of the article would be massive, and it is easier to navigate the different periods in the party with the current arrangement of two articles. Centre Left Right  ✉ 21:46, 27 November 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Canadian Alliance


text:
Southold (CDP), New York

Southold is a census-designated place (CDP) that generally corresponds to the hamlet by the same name in the Town of Southold in Suffolk County, New York, United States. The CDP population was 5,748 at the 2010 census.

History
Southold was the first English settlement in the future New York State, though this is partially due to a historical technicality—the territory of New Netherland was still owned by the Dutch at the time, but Southold lay in a part of Long Island that was part of Connecticut at the time and was later ceded in a legal dispute.

English Puritans from New Haven, Connecticut, settled in Southold on October 21, 1640. Under the leadership of the Reverend John Youngs, with Peter Hallock (after lots were drawn, the first to step ashore), the settlement consisted of the families of Barnabas Horton, John Budd, John Conklin, William Wells, John Tuthill, Thomas Mapes, Richard Terry, Matthias Corwin, Robert Akerly, Zachariah Corey and Isaac Arnold. The land had been purchased in the summer of 1640 from an Indian tribe, the Corchaugs. The Indian name of what became Southold was Yenicott.

Southold was to remain under the jurisdiction of New Haven until 1662, and of Connecticut until 1674. When the colony of New York was handed over to the Dutch in 1673, the eastern towns, including Southold, Easthampton and Southampton, refused to submit; the Dutch attempted to force the matter by arms, and the colonists of the towns repelled them, with assistance from Connecticut. When New York became English again in 1674, these eastern towns preferred to stay part of Connecticut, and Connecticut agreed, but the government of James, Duke of York, forced the matter. New York Governor Sir Edmund Andros threatened to eliminate the residents' rights to land if they did not yield, which they did by 1676. This is largely a result of the Duke of York's grudge against Connecticut, as New Haven had hidden three of the judges who sentenced the Duke's father, King Charles I, to death in 1649.

The name Southold is believed by some to be a misspelling of Southwold, which is a coastal town in the corresponding English county of Suffolk. This claim is debatable, but John Youngs was born and brought up in Southwold. Also within the New York hamlet is an area known as Reydon Shores. Reydon is the adjoining village to Southwold in England and was the home of John Youngs' wife. An alternative explanation is that the name refers to a "holding" to the south of New Haven, from whence the original settlers hailed. Many of the hamlet's older structures are included in the Southold Historic District, added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 29.3 sqkm, of which 27.1 sqkm is land and 2.2 sqkm, or 7.55%, is water.

Demographics of the CDP
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,465 people, 2,317 households, and 1,603 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 522.2 PD/sqmi. There were 3,710 housing units at an average density of 354.5 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 96.45% White, 0.93% Black or African American, 0.13% Native American, 0.20% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.19% from other races, and 1.08% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.71% of the population.

There were 2,317 households, out of which 24.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.6% were married couples living together, 6.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.8% were non-families. 26.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.83.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 20.7% under the age of 18, 4.2% from 18 to 24, 23.5% from 25 to 44, 25.7% from 45 to 64, and 25.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 46 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.2 males.

The median income for a household in the community was $47,074, and the median income for a family was $63,032. Males had a median income of $51,094 versus $29,342 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $29,761. About 1.2% of families and 2.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.4% of those under age 18 and 1.6% of those age 65 or over.

School

 * Southold Union Free School District

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Southold (CDP), New York


text:
Southold, New York

The Town of Southold is one of ten towns in Suffolk County, New York, United States. It is located in the northeastern tip of the county, on the North Fork of Long Island. The population was 23,732 at the 2020 census. The town contains a hamlet, also named Southold, which was settled in 1640.

History

Algonquian-speaking tribes, related to those in New England across Long Island Sound, lived in eastern Long Island before European colonization. The western portion of the island was inhabited by bands of Lenape, whose language was also one of the Algonquian languages.

In surrounding areas, the Dutch colonists had established early settlements to the northwest: on the upper Hudson River was Fort Orange, founded in 1615 (later renamed Albany by the English); and New Amsterdam (later renamed Manhattan) in 1625. Lion Gardiner established a manor on Gardiners Island in East Hampton in 1639. Just across from Long Island, the Connecticut Colony, or Connecticut River Colony, was established in 1636. The Puritans established New Haven Colony separately in 1638, even though it was largely surrounded by Connecticut Colony. New Haven Colony was a theocracy, governed only by church members.

English Puritans from New Haven Colony settled in Southold on October 21, 1640. They had purchased the land in the summer of 1640 from the group of Indians related to the Pequot of New England, who lived in the territory they called Corchaug (now Cutchogue). Settlers spelled the Indian name of what became Southold as Yennicott. In most histories Southold is reported as the first English settlement on Long Island in the future New York State. Under the leadership of the Reverend John Youngs, with Peter Hallock, the settlement consisted of the families of Barnabas Horton, John Budd, John Conklin, John Swazy, William Wells, John Tuthill, and Matthias Corwin.

In 1650, the Treaty of Hartford established a boundary between Dutch and English claims roughly through Oyster Bay on the North Shore. The Dutch colony was the western part of Long Island, and the English dominated the east. The population of Southold at that point was about 180. The harbor at Greenport, on the North Fork, became important in trade, fishing, and whaling, because it rarely froze over. Settlers developed the interior land for agricultural purposes.

Both New Haven Colony and Connecticut Colony had sought to establish Southold as a theocracy. The New Haven Colony did not permit other churches to operate at all, while the Connecticut Colony allowed freedom of religion. New Haven supervised Southold until 1662, when New Haven towns began shifting their allegiance to the surrounding Connecticut Colony. By 1664, New Haven colonists all had decided to join Connecticut, and the New Haven colony ceased to exist. Southold was supervised by the Connecticut Colony until 1674.

When the Dutch took control of the colony of New York in 1673, the English-settled eastern towns, including Southold, East Hampton, and Southampton, refused to submit; the Dutch attempted to force the matter by arms, and the colonists of the towns repelled them, with assistance from Connecticut. When New York was retaken by the English in 1674, these eastern towns preferred to stay part of Connecticut. Although Connecticut agreed, the government of James, Duke of York forced the matter for them to be part of the Province of New York. Governor Sir Edmund Andros threatened to eliminate the residents' rights to land if they did not yield, which they did by 1676. The Duke of York had a grudge against Connecticut. New Haven had hidden three of the judges who sentenced his father King Charles I to death in 1649.

The town called as its second minister Rev. Joshua Hobart, a Harvard graduate from Hingham, Massachusetts, and son of Rev. Peter Hobart. The latter was the founding minister of Old Ship Church, the nation's oldest church in continuous use. Rev. Joshua Hobart was installed in 1674 and served until his death in 1717, when he was 88 years old. Rev. Hobart's brother Josiah was one of the earliest settlers and initial trustees of East Hampton, Long Island, as well as High Sheriff of Suffolk County.

The name Southold is believed to be an elision of Southwold, a coastal town in the corresponding English county of Suffolk. John Youngs, the minister who was one of the founders of the Town, was born and brought up in Southwold, England. Youngs was a member of St. Margaret's Church in nearby Reydon. Within the Town's limits is an area known as Reydon Shores, perhaps a reference to the Reydon, England known by Youngs. The Town's name also may refer to a "holding" to the south [of New Haven]), from whence the original settlers hailed. In the meantime, the population of Southold grew from 180 in 1650 to 880 by 1698.

In the late 19th century, the Long Island Rail Road extended its line on the North Shore to Greenport. This enabled summer vacationers to travel to the destination by train. Due to the light on the North Fork from water on both sides, the area attracted many artists, including William Merritt Chase.

The area was agricultural, and long dominated by for potato farming. In the late 20th century, large areas of the North Fork were redeveloped as vineyards. This area of Long Island has developed a respectable wine industry. In November 1994, the village of Greenport voted to abolish its police department and contract with the Southold Town Police for law enforcement.

Geography
The town is at the northeastern end of Long Island, New York on a peninsula called the North Fork and its extensions Plum Island, and Fishers Island. The Long Island Sound separates the town from Connecticut. The eastern end of the peninsula, near Orient Point, is north of the Town of Shelter Island, but the town is separated from the South Fork of Long Island by the Great Peconic Bay and the Little Peconic Bay. The western end of the town is the border of the Town of Riverhead. It is twenty-one miles from Orient Point to the border with Riverhead. Robins Island, a protected open space in Great Peconic Bay, is also part of the Town of Southold.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 404.1 sqmi, of which 53.8 sqmi is land and 350.3 sqmi (86.69%) is water. The town has approximately 163 linear miles of coastline.

Significant coastal fish and wildlife habitats within the Town of Southold, include: the Mattituck Inlet Wetlands and Beaches, Fishers Island Beaches, Pine Islands and Shallows, the Goldsmith Inlet and Beach, Pipes Cove Creek and Moores Drain, the Dumpling Islands and Flat Hammock.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 20,599 people, 8,461 households, and 5,804 families residing in the town. The population density was 383.5 PD/sqmi. There were 13,769 housing units at an average density of 256.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 93.53% White, 2.91% Black or African American, 0.07% Native American, 0.45% Asian, 0.07% Pacific Islander, 1.51% from other races, and 1.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.77% of the population.

There were 8,461 households, out of which 26.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.8% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.4% were non-families. 26.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.90.

In Southold town the population was spread out, with 21.5% under the age of 18, 5.2% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 26.5% from 45 to 64, and 23.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $49,898, and the median income for a family was $61,108. Males had a median income of $46,334 versus $31,440 for females. The per capita income for the town was $27,619. About 4.1% of families and 5.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.2% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over.

Villages (incorporated)

 * Greenport, near the easternmost tip of the mainland.

Hamlets (unincorporated)

 * Cutchogue, in the western part of the town, originally a farming village
 * East Marion, in the eastern part of the town
 * Fishers Island, a hamlet located on Fishers Island
 * Laurel, by the western town line
 * Mattituck, in the western part of the town, settled in 1680
 * New Suffolk, in the southwest part of the town
 * Orient, the eastern tip of the mainland
 * Peconic, in the central part of the town, southwest of Southold village
 * Southold, the hamlet of Southold, settled in 1640.

Other census designated places (CDPs)

 * Greenport West

Other communities

 * Arshamomaque, between Greenport and Southold village
 * Bay Haven, on Little Peconic Bay
 * Bay View, on Great Hog Neck
 * Beixedon Estates, a private community east of Southold village
 * Cedar Beach on Great Hog Neck, southeast of Bay View
 * Corey Creek, a private community on Great Hog Neck
 * Cove, The
 * Cutchogue Station, north of Cutchogue
 * Fleet's Neck, South of Cutchogue
 * Founder's Landing, the historic center of Southold Village
 * East Cutchogue, located east of Cutchogue
 * Eastwind Shores
 * Laughing Water, near Great Hog Neck
 * Nassau Farms
 * Nassau Point, on Little Hog Neck
 * Oregon, along the vicinity of Oregon Road between Mattituck and Peconic
 * Orient Point, at the eastern tip of the mainland
 * Reydon Shores, on Great Hog Neck (named after Reydon in Suffolk, England the birthplace of the wife of the Rev. John Youngs).
 * Stirling, north of Greenport
 * Terry Waters on Little Peconic Bay
 * Waterville, north of Mattituck

Islands

 * Fishers Island, in the eastern end of Long Island Sound
 * Great Gull Island, (uninhabited) located east of Plum Island and west of Fisher's Island
 * Little Gull Island, (uninhabited) located east of Great Gull Island
 * Plum Island, a restricted research facility east of Orient Point
 * Robins Island, in the Great Peconic Bay

Geographic features

 * Great Hog Neck, a peninsula into Little Peconic Bay
 * Little Hog Neck, a peninsula into Peconic Bay
 * Long Beach Bay, a bay near Orient
 * Orient Harbor, a bay in the eastern part of the town
 * Orient Point, the easternmost tip of the mainland of the north fork of Long Island

State parks

 * Hallock State Park Preserve
 * Orient Beach State Park, a state park on Orient Point

Culture
Southold Town, along with the rest of the East End, has a very rich cultural history. A handful of world-renowned artists have lived in the town including; Douglas Moore, Robert Berks, and Walt Whitman. Throughout the town there's countless art galleries and studios ranging all mediums of artistic expression. The town also has a rich community of musicians. Local music venue and restaurant, The Green Hill Kitchen, has seen performances from modern jazz greats such as Tommy Campbell (musician), Gil Goldstein, Alex Sipiagin, and Morris Goldberg.

Railroads

 * The Long Island Rail Road's Main Line is the sole line within the Town of Southold. Passengers can go to New York City via Mattituck, Southold and Greenport Stations. The line is also used by the Railroad Museum of Long Island.

Bus service

 * The Town of Southold is served primarily by Suffolk County Transit bus routes, although Hampton Jitney buses are available for trips to New York City.

Major roads

 * NY-25.svg New York State Route 25 is the main west–east route in the Town of Southold, and as such is almost entirely named "Main Road." Two truck routes of NY 25 also exist.
 * NY-114.svg New York State Route 114 enters and exits the Village of Greenport via the ferry to Shelter Island
 * Suffolk County 48.svg County Route 48 (Suffolk County, New York) is a major west–east county road between Mattituck and north of Greenport. The NYSDOT once planned to upgrade the road into part of the Long Island Expressway.
 * Sound Avenue was a former segment of New York State Route 25A, which is unmarked, but still serves as an important thoroughfare from Wading River along the north shore into Mattituck.

Airports

 * Mattituck Airport
 * Charles Rose Airport

Ferries

 * Cross Sound Ferry Orient to New London, Connecticut
 * North Ferry, Greenport to Shelter Island

title: Southold, New York


text:
Callicoon (CDP), New York

Callicoon is a hamlet and census-designated place in the Town of Delaware, Sullivan County, New York, United States. The population was 206 at the 2020 census.

Callicoon is in the western part of the county in the Town of Delaware and along the Delaware River.

History
Callicoon got its name from Dutch hunters who settled in the location in the 1600s. Because of the population of wild turkeys in the area, they named the community  "Kollikoonkill" which translates into Wild Turkey Creek. In addition to animal abundance, the area was a source for lumber and a transport center with the Delaware River offering access to coastal cities to the south and east. In the 1840s, the Erie Railroad added to transportation by passing through along the banks of the Delaware River to link the Great Lakes with the East Coast. Because of the train station's vital central location, the community was renamed Callicoon Depot.

In 1888, a major fire destroyed much of Callicoon's business district. The town quickly rebuilt, but lost much of its architectural history prior to the late 19th century. The community's economy also became badly damaged when railroad travel gave way to the automobile. The last scheduled passenger train left Callicoon on November 27, 1966. By the late 1960s, tourism took over as the main industry as campgrounds and canoes drew a new generation of visitors. Campgrounds and canoe liveries, followed by bed and breakfast inns, drew a new generation of vacationers. The Villa Roma Resort and Conference Center also opened, increasing the number of vacationers to the area. Additionally, the Upper Delaware Scenic and Recreational River was created in 1978 to protect the land of the scenic valley, maintain quality of the Delaware River and enforce environmental sensitivity in the area.

Geography and location
Callicoon is located on the east bank of the Delaware River, adjacent to the Catskill Mountains in the southern portion of Upstate New York. The community lies approximately 55 mi northeast of Scranton, Pennsylvania, 65 mi southeast of Binghamton, 115 mi northwest of New York, and 120 mi southwest of Albany.

Callicoon is located at 41.76556°N, -75.05861°W (41.765831, -75.058682).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 0.5 square mile (1.2 km2), of which, 0.4 square mile (1.0 km2) is land and 0.1 square mile (0.2 km2)  (17.39%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 216 people, 94 households, and 61 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 565.1 PD/sqmi. There were 106 housing units at an average density of 277.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 91.67% White, 4.63% Black or African American, 3.24% Asian, and 0.46% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.02% of the population.

There were 94 households, out of which 28.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.6% were married couples living together, 17.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.1% were non-families. 28.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.79.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 23.6% under the age of 18, 5.6% from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 29.2% from 45 to 64, and 16.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.1 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $33,162, and the median income for a family was $33,068. Males had a median income of $32,917 versus $19,375 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $14,217. About 15.1% of families and 16.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.8% of those under the age of eighteen and 16.7% of those 65 or over.

Major highways

 * NY-17B.svg New York State Route 17B (starts in Callicoon and ends in Monticello in the east)
 * NY-97.svg New York State Route 97 (runs from Hancock in the north to Port Jervis in the south, alongside the Delaware River)

Attractions and events
The Villa Roma Resort and Conference Center is a full resort hotel with tennis, cross-country skiing, lodging, and conference facilities. It is one of only a few resorts remaining in Sullivan County, a county once well known internationally for its massive resorts and entertainment venues.

Canoeing, rafting, camping, and hunting are major draws to the area. The Callicoon Canoe Regatta is held annually on a Sunday in early July. Dozens of competitors try their paddles on a journey navigating from the Callicoon Bridge to Skinner's Falls.

The Sullivan County Farmer's Market in Callicoon Creek Park on Sundays starting at 11:00 A.M. from Memorial day through November draws a big crowd as well. There is also a Holiday Market held in early December.

The Callicoon Business Association sponsors the Annual Tractor Parade, featuring more than 200 antique and modern tractors that travel down Main Street, in early June. The Callicoon Street Fair is held annually on the last Saturday of July, and once again, Main Street is closed down and turned over to a multitude of various vendors. The Street Fair features antiques, arts and crafts, homemade and hand-crafted items, food, and music.

Healthcare
Callicoon is home to the 25-bed Catskill Regional Medical Center, Grover M. Hermann Division, which serves the western portion of Sullivan County. A larger, more full-serviced hospital of the same name is located in Harris, between Monticello and Liberty.

Media
Sullivan County Democrat is a newspaper published bi-weekly covering news and events throughout the county. Its head office is located on Main Street in Callicoon.

Education
The Callicoon area was once home to Delaware Valley Central School. However, the school consolidated with schools in nearby Jeffersonville, New York and Narrowsburg, New York and closed. Narrowsburg's school also closed and Jeffersonville's school has become the sole elementary school for the region. A new junior-high/senior-high school building was built in centrally located Lake Huntington, New York. The recently formed Sullivan West Central School District still owns the school building in Callicoon, but has left it vacant.

Callicoon is the location of the Delaware Valley Job Corps Center, a job training facility located since 1979 in the former St. Joseph's Seraphic Seminary.

Delaware Free Library is a public library located on Main Street in the business district.

title: Callicoon (CDP), New York


text:
Callicoon, New York

Callicoon is a town in Sullivan County, New York, United States. The population was 2,989 at the 2020 census. The town is in the northwestern part of the county.

History
The town was formed in 1842 from the Town of Liberty. The original spelling of the name was "Collikoon." This name is said to signify "turkey" in both Dutch and Choctaw. The Dutch word for turkey is kalkoen. Although the Choctaw have a word for turkey, cholokloha, the people did not occupy territory anywhere near here, but traditionally lived in the Deep South. They were known as one of the Five Civilized Tribes there before their removal to Indian Territory in the 1830s.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 49.0 square miles (126.9 km2), of which 48.7 square miles (126.0 km2) is land and 0.3 square mile (0.9 km2)  (0.69%) is water.

Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 3,057 people, 1,288 households, and 822 families residing in the town. The population density was 62.7 PD/sqmi. There were 90 housing units at an average density of 36.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 95.81% White, 0.75% Black or African American, 0.20% Native American, 0.69% Asian, 1.15% from other races, and 1.41% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.55% of the population.

There were 1,288 households, out of which 24.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.3% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.2% were non-families. 29.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.82.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 23.1% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 25.1% from 25 to 44, 27.3% from 45 to 64, and 18.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $38,811, and the median income for a family was $46,645. Males had a median income of $34,524 versus $24,185 for females. The per capita income for the town was $19,272. About 6.8% of families and 10.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.3% of those under age 18 and 6.1% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Callicoon

 * Callicoon Center – A hamlet in the northern part of the town at the junction of Routes 122 and 125. This community was originally called Thurmansville. The Hessinger Store was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.
 * Jeffersonville – A village.
 * North Branch – A hamlet on the north branch of the Callicoon Creek and Route 122.
 * Youngsville – A hamlet in the eastern part of the town.
 * Fosterdale – A town near Callicoon.
 * Narrowsburg – A town near Callicoon.

Although it bears the same name, the census-designated place and hamlet of Callicoon is not in this town, but in the neighboring Town of Delaware.

title: Callicoon, New York


text:
Liberty (village), New York

Liberty is a village in Sullivan County, New York, United States. The population was 4,700 at the 2020 census.

The Village of Liberty is centrally located in the Town of Liberty and is adjacent to New York Route 17.

History
While the Town of Liberty was incorporated in 1807, the Village of Liberty was not incorporated as a separate entity until 1870.

The Munson Diner, Liberty Downtown Historic District, St. Paul's Evangelical Lutheran Church, and Town and Country Building are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
Liberty is located at 41.79778°N, -74.74278°W (41.797792, -74.742829).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.4 square miles (6.2 km2), all land.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,975 people, 1,646 households, and 893 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,660.3 PD/sqmi. There were 2,071 housing units at an average density of 865.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 76.58% White, 13.89% Black or African American, 0.30% Native American, 1.94% Asian, 5.38% from other races, and 1.91% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 14.21% of the population.

There were 1,646 households, out of which 30.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 32.8% were married couples living together, 16.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.7% were non-families. 38.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 25.5% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 25.2% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 18.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.7 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $27,903, and the median income for a family was $35,265. Males had a median income of $26,823 versus $27,813 for females. The per capita income for the village was $19,180. About 12.7% of families and 15.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.5% of those under age 18 and 12.0% of those age 65 or over.

Notable person

 * Charles B. Ward, former US Congressman

title: Liberty (village), New York


text:
Liberty, New York

Liberty is a town in Sullivan County, New York, United States. The population was 10,159 at the 2020 census. The village is bisected by New York State Route 52 (NY 52) and NY 55, and is crossed by NY 17.

History
The town of Liberty area is credited with providing 303 men who fought in the Revolution. Liberty was carved originally from the then large township of Lumberland and was itself at this time so large that it included the present Towns of Callicoon and Fremont. The Town today covers 85 square miles.

When the first settlers came to this area, known as the Blue Mountain country, they settled to the Northwest of the present village at the existing Revonah Lake formerly known as Broadhead Pond. The early settlers came here from Connecticut and some of the oldest remains left in the Town are the laid up stones in the outlet of Revonah Lake which were probably placed there in 1797 for the purpose of building the first sawmill in the area.

As the land was cleared of the dense dark hemlock forest that the early settlers found, the area went through various stages of development. After the farms were cleared one of the earlier forms of industry to be established was the tanneries which ran through the Civil War era. Following this, the dairy farming came into its own, to be followed by the taking in of “summer boarders” which gradually led to the founding of the large hotels: the Wawonda, Liberty House and many others.

It was along about 1900 that the large Loomis Sanatorium was established for the care of TB or tubercular patients and Liberty in general went through another stage of its development which lasted until other cures beside the fresh air and rest were found.

It was also early in the century that the Workmen's Circle, a leading Jewish fraternal order, built a sanatorium east of Liberty: the property now occupied by the County Home and Infirmary and also the site of the Social Service Buildings.

Then, the town in general fell back to its dependency upon the tourists and its so-called summer season. Being blessed with an abundance of rural beauty and nearness to the metropolitan area provides many advantages in this respect.

As the years went by, and different settlements began to develop, they eventually became the Village and Hamlets that we know today. Some of the old settlements either changed their names or were lost in the ways of progress. Doubtenville, Glen Cove, Egypt and Red Brick are just a few of the lost communities.

Still remaining within the confines of the Town of Liberty today are the Village of Liberty and the smaller hamlets of Ferndale, Parksville, Swan Lake and White Sulphur Springs.

The Village of Liberty, incorporated on September 17, 1870, is by far the largest of the Town's communities, being located at the crossroads of the Quickway (Route 17) and State Highway Route 52.

Liberty can boast of its tanneries, of the old Liberty Normal Institute, established in 1847, its famous Coaching Day Parades, and its hotels of the 1900 era. The Liberty House was the greatest and was the site of many Lincoln Dinners and reunions of the Grand Army of the Republic.

Of the smaller hamlets, Parksville is the only one to maintain its original name. Even before the formation of the Town of Liberty there were people in this area. The Martins and the Halls were early settlers, arriving in 1804. At a later date the Parks family came to the area and proved to be extremely active and productive and through their efforts came the name Parksville; otherwise, it more than likely would have been known as “Martinsville.”

White Sulphur Springs was originally called Robertsonville, being named for Bradley Robertson, who left Connecticut and settled in the area in 1809, and later fought in the war of 1812.

The Hamlet has always been a rural area. At one time it was surrounded by many small dairy farms and had a cheese factory operating within its bounds.

In the 1890s and early 1900s it was doing a thriving hotel and Boarding House business. It was during this period of time that a large hotel, called the White Sulphur Springs House was built. The hotel took its name from the Sulphur Spring whose waters were supposed to have medicinal benefits which were obtainable either by drinking or bathing in it.

In December, 1890 Robertsonville officially changed its name to White Sulphur Springs, no doubt to further help the promotion of the tourist trade.

In later years many additional hotels were constructed in the Hamlet and the business flourished in the summer for many years.

Ferndale, originally known as Liberty Falls, was settled by Roswell Russell in 1807. During the Civil War era, it had thriving tanneries within its confines. The tall brick chimney of one of the tanneries stood until sometime in the 1950s, when it was taken down for its bricks.

The name was changed from Liberty Falls to Ferndale by the NYO&W Railway because of a mix up of the mails.

The name Ferndale covers a much larger area than the hamlet itself.

Ferndale is credited with having the Grossinger Resort Hotel within its boundaries. This large layout all started by the Grossinger family taking in a few summer boarders to help meet expenses in 1914.

Swan Lake originally called Stevensville, was named after the Stevens brothers, who built a large sole leather tannery there. The tannery was in existence until about 1873.

Since the 1880s, the Swan Lake area has been noted for its hotel and tourist industry. Many of the local farm girls found jobs there in the early 1900s. The lake has always had an abundance of fish and brings sportsmen into the area.

Alden S. Swan arrived there from New York about 1895 and by the time of his death in 1917 owned much of the land and all of the lake. The name was changed to Swan Lake in January 1927.

The Swan estate was purchased by Siegel and Kretchmer, and the Siegels went on to build the Commodore and Stevensville Hotels: the latter developing into a large,sprawling hotel run by the Dinnerstein family.

Hometown hero Brendan Siegel was awarded all-state in baseball for Liberty High in 2015. He now resides at House Aldrew of the Sixteen Acres.

Liberty was a mainstay, with Grossinger's Hotel and several other Borscht Belt attractions, but, once their doors closed, so ended the lifestyle which made Liberty desirable to tourism.[citation needed]

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 80.7 square miles (209.0 km2), of which 79.6 square miles (206.2 km2) is land and 1.1 square miles (2.8 km2) (1.36%) is water.

Communities within Liberty

 * Cooley – a location near the northern town line.
 * Ferndale (formerly Liberty Falls) – a hamlet south of Liberty village on Route 17. The Ferndale School, Manion's General Store, and Shelburne Playhouse are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
 * Grossinger – a hamlet south of Liberty village on Route 17. Formerly this was the site of Grossinger's Catskill Resort Hotel
 * Liberty – village on Route 17.
 * Loomis – a hamlet west of Liberty village.
 * Parksville – a hamlet north of Liberty village on Route 17. The Tefereth Israel Anshei Parksville Synagogue was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.
 * Revonah Lake (formerly Brodhead Pond) – a lake northwest of Liberty village, that was probably the first settlement site in the town.
 * Swan Lake (formerly Stevensville) – a hamlet near the southern town line, located at the eastern end of a lake called "Swan Lake."
 * White Sulphur Springs (formerly Robertsonville) – a hamlet in the southwestern part of the town on Route 52. The Jewish Community Center of White Sulphur Springs was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 9,632 people, 3,711 households, and 2,263 families residing in the town. The population density was 121.0 PD/sqmi. There were 5,350 housing units at an average density of 67.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 83.70% white, 9.19% black or African American, 0.37% Native American, 1.43% Asian, .01% Pacific Islander, 3.76% from other races, and 1.54% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.9% of the population.

There were 3,711 households, out of which 30.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.7% were married couples living together, 13.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.0% were non-families. 32.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.7% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 23.5% from 45 to 64, and 16.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $32,022, and the median income for a family was $37,689. Males had a median income of $31,088 versus $24,655 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,565. About 12.1% of families and 17.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.0% of those under age 18 and 11.4% of those age 65 or over.

Education
The Liberty Central School District has three schools in Liberty.

The Catholic schools in closest proximity to Liberty are Our Lady of Mount Carmel Elementary School in Wallkill and St. John Elementary School in Goshen. St. Peter's Regional School, the final remaining Catholic school in Sullivan County, closed in 2019. At the time it had 42 students. It was the final remaining Catholic school in Sullivan County. The school became an early learning center in 2016 after an earlier plan to close the school was canceled.

Notable people

 * Allan Bérubé, historian, activist, and award-winning author
 * Alan Gerry, founder of Cablevision Industries
 * Robert Y. Grant, Justice of the Peace from 1849 to 1855; supervisor of the town of Liberty in 1854 and 1859; postmaster of Liberty from 1855; and a member of the New York State Senate (9th D.) in 1860 and 1861.
 * Taylor Jardine, lead singer for Sainte and We Are The In Crowd
 * Zoe Leonard, artist
 * Maurice Martin, Basketball Player
 * Kaseem Sinceno, former NFL player and graduate of Liberty High School

Film
Liberty is the setting of David Cross's film Hits. The film was also used as the setting for the 2018 drama Nancy.

title: Liberty, New York


text:
Candor (village), New York

Candor is a village located in the Town of Candor in Tioga County, New York, United States. The population was 851 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Binghamton Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The Village of Candor is centrally located in the town and is south of Ithaca.

History
The first settlers arrived around 1794. In 1813 a fire burned much of the community. The source and meaning of the village name is not known. The community was formed from the consolidation of the neighboring communities of Candor Center and Candor Corners.

The village was incorporated in 1900.

The John W. McCarty House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

Geography
Candor is located at 42.23°N, -76.33778°W (42.230169, -76.337909).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.4 square mile (1.1 km2), all land.

Candor is at the junction of New York State Route 96 and New York State Route 96B (Ithaca Road). County Road 103 enters the village from the north.

The Catatonk Creek flows past the village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 855 people, 346 households, and 223 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,931.9 PD/sqmi. There were 373 housing units at an average density of 842.8 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 96.61% White, 0.47% Black or African American, 0.23% Native American, 0.12% Asian, 0.47% from other races, and 2.11% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.75% of the population.

There were 346 households, out of which 36.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.1% were married couples living together, 15.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.3% were non-families. 30.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 3.08. In the village, the population was spread out, with 30.3% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 30.4% from 25 to 44, 20.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $30,313, and the median income for a family was $38,750. Males had a median income of $24,583 versus $22,500 for females. The per capita income for the village was $15,713. About 11.9% of families and 11.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.6% of those under age 18 and 16.7% of those age 65 or over.

Additional facts about Candor village

 * The sociological study, Small Town in Mass Society: Class, Power and Religion in a Rural Community by A.J. Vidich and J. Bensman is about Candor and its environs.
 * The singer/songwriter Harry Chapin composed a song referring to the village's name in "The Mayor of Candor Lied". The song's content is fictional, but Chapin uses the village's name ironically in the song's story. He was familiar with the village and town from his days at Cornell University in nearby Ithaca.

title: Candor (village), New York


text:
Candor, New York

Candor is a town in Tioga County, New York, United States. The population was 5,172 at the 2020 census.

The Town of Candor has a village named Candor. The town is south of Ithaca.

History
Settlement of the town began around 1794 on land purchased as part of the Watkins and Flint Patent of 1794.

The Town of Candor was formed from the Town of Spencer in 1811. Citizens wanted to name the town "Washington," but did not do so due to the existence of another town by that name in New York (Dutchess County). The source of the name "Candor" is unknown.

Candor was the community identified as "Springdale" in Vidich and Bensman's 1958 book, Small Town in Mass Society.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 94.6 square miles (245.0 km2), of which 94.5 square miles (244.8 km2) is land and 0.1 square mile (0.2 km2)  (0.06%) is water.

New York State Route 96 intersects New York State Route 96B in Candor village.

The West Branch of Owego Creek defines the eastern town line.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,317 people, 2,022 households, and 1,457 families residing in the town. The population density was 56.2 PD/sqmi. There were 2,234 housing units at an average density of 23.6 per square mile (9.1/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 97.25% White, 0.85% Black or African American, 0.26% Native American, 0.19% Asian, 0.08% from other races, and 1.37% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.98% of the population.

There were 2,022 households, out of which 36.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.6% were married couples living together, 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.9% were non-families. 22.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.1% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 30.3% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 11.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.1 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $37,633, and the median income for a family was $43,186. Males had a median income of $30,441 versus $22,324 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,967. About 6.6% of families and 9.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.3% of those under age 18 and 3.1% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Candor is served by the Candor Central School District.

Communities and locations in the Town of Candor

 * Candor – The village of Candor is in the center of the town.
 * Catatonk – A hamlet near the southern town line on NY-96.
 * Catatonk Creek – A stream that flows southward through the town toward the Susquehanna River.
 * Fairfield – A hamlet east of Candor village near the eastern town boundary.
 * Gridleyville – A location northwest of Candor village on NY-96B.
 * Hubbardtown – A location south of Candor village on NY-96.
 * Perryville – A former location in the town, north of Candor village.
 * Upper Fairfield – A hamlet north of Fairfield. It was also called "Blinn's Settlement," "Honey Pot," and "East Candor."
 * Weltonville – A hamlet in the southeastern corner of the town on County Road 33.
 * West Candor – A location at the western town line on NY-96, partly in the Town of Spencer.
 * Willseyville – A hamlet in the northeastern part of the town on NY-96B. It was formerly called "Big Flatt."

Notable people

 * Sarah Warren Keeler (1844-1899), educator of deaf-mutes, born in Candor
 * Rodney S. Rose, Methodist minister
 * Heather Stapleton, American environmental organic chemist and exposure scientist
 * Bayonne Whipple, actress, buried in Candor
 * Garrett Zacharias, racing driver

In popular culture

 * Harry Chapin's 1976 song, The Mayor of Candor Lied, references the town.

title: Candor, New York


text:
Newark Valley (village), New York

Newark Valley is a village in Tioga County, New York, United States. The population was 997 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Binghamton Metropolitan Statistical Area. The village is named after the city of Newark, New Jersey.

Newark Valley is in the western part of the Town of Newark Valley and is northwest of Binghamton.

History
The site of the village was first settled around 1792. Although many of the early settlers came from New England, the town name was accepted on a suggestion from someone from New Jersey.

The village of Newark Valley was incorporated in 1894.

The Hope Cemetery and Mausoleum, Knapp House, Newark Valley Municipal Building and Tappan-Spaulding Memorial Library, Nowland House, Gilbert E. Purple House, Silk Street Bridge, and Sutton-Chapman-Howland House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.0 square mile (2.5 km2), all land.

The village is in the valley of the East Branch of Owego Creek, on Route 38 (Main Street), north of its junction with NY-38B and south of its junction with County Road 37.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,071 people, 390 households, and 276 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,096.6 PD/sqmi. There were 446 housing units at an average density of 456.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.67% White, 0.75% Black or African American, 0.19% Native American, 0.75% from other races, and 0.65% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.31% of the population.

There were 390 households, out of which 37.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.4% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.2% were non-families. 26.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 29.7% under the age of 18, 7.6% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 19.9% from 45 to 64, and 14.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.1 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $37,935, and the median income for a family was $42,604. Males had a median income of $30,750 versus $19,250 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,919. About 7.7% of families and 12.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.2% of those under age 18 and 9.0% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Newark Valley is home to Newark Valley Central School District, a public school system composed of an elementary, middle, and senior-high schools. On average, the district graduates 100 seniors a year.

title: Newark Valley (village), New York


text:
Newark Valley, New York

Newark Valley is a town in Tioga County, New York, United States. The population is 4,097 according to the town's website, while the U.S. census estimates it currently to be 3,604. The town is named after the city of Newark, New Jersey.

The Town of Newark Valley contains a village also named Newark Valley. The town is located in the northeast part of the county and is northwest of Binghamton.

History
The first permanent settlers arrived around 1791. This area was called Brown's Settlement and was part of the Town of Berkshire until it was organized as the "Town of Westville" in 1823. In 1824, the town changed its name to "Newark," at the suggestion of a settler from New Jersey, but then changed the name to Newark Valley in 1862, to avoid conflict with the name of a village in Wayne County.

One of the earliest settlers was Richard Sarles (1753-1849), a native of Bedford (town), New York and a veteran of the American Revolutionary War whose descendants share a common heritage albeit with various spelling permutations (Searles, Sarles, Sarlls). The area where he settled was known as Searlestown, between Newark Valley (village), New York and Flemingville Owego, New York, and the cemetery where he and over two dozen Newark Valley relatives and descendants are buried bears that same name.

The Belcher-Holden Farm, Bement-Billings House, Blewer Farm, Daniel Chamberlain House, Morris Clinton House, Farrand-Pierson House, Lipe Farm, Maple Lawn Farm, John Settle Farm, Wade Farm, West Newark Congregational Church and Cemetery, and West Newark School House are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 50.4 square miles (130.6 km2), of which 50.3 square miles (130.4 km2) is land and 0.1 square mile (0.2 km2)  (0.16%) is water.

The eastern town line is the border of Broome County.

New York State Route 38 and New York State Route 38B intersect south of Newark Valley village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,097 people, 1,488 households, and 1,123 families residing in the town. The population density was 81.4 PD/sqmi. There were 1,615 housing units at an average density of 32.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 98.19% White, 0.37% Black or African American, 0.20% Native American, 0.32% Asian, 0.24% from other races, and 0.68% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.66% of the population.

There were 1,488 households, out of which 38.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.1% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.5% were non-families. 19.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.71 and the average family size was 3.11.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.6% under the age of 18, 8.2% from 18 to 24, 29.2% from 25 to 44, 22.9% from 45 to 64, and 11.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $40,983, and the median income for a family was $45,321. Males had a median income of $32,305 versus $23,777 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,577. About 4.7% of families and 7.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.8% of those under age 18 and 3.3% of those age 65 or over.

Parks and recreation
There are three parks and recreation areas which are located in either the town or village of Newark Valley.

 * Alexander Park - The park was built and donated by Don Alexander in the early 1960s. It continues to be a peaceful tract of land with a serene lake located west of the Newark Valley Middle School. Many community service groups come to utilize this park and help with the upkeep of maintenance.
 * Trout Ponds - This beautiful Victorian park was built in 1869 by Mr. Waring who wanted to breed trout, provide a recreation area for the public, and provide a place to build custom fly rods. In its heyday, travelers flocked in masses from the Southern Central Railroad as far as Scranton, Pa, and Syracuse, NY for outdoor family parties and picnicking.  Public usage declined toward the turn of the century and New York State took possession to run this park solely as trout breeding.  In the 1950s, the village of Newark Valley bought this parcel of land for one dollar from New York State. This family park is still in use for the community to enjoy picnics and reunions.
 * Bement-Billings Farmstead - The Farmstead is currently owned and operated by the Newark Valley Historical Society. It is a living history site that interprets the period c.1810.  The Farmstead was established by Asa Bement, one of the first settlers who came to Northern Tioga County in 1791.  The house was donated by Mrs. Myrtie Louise Billings Hills in 1976 to the newly formed Historical Society.  Outbuildings include an English threshing barn, an outhouse, a sap house, a blacksmith shop, a small barn and a farmer's workshop.  The Society currently has 95 acre. The Farmstead is open to the public on weekends from the first weekend in July until the Apple Festival, the first weekend in October.  School tours are often conducted in May and June.  The Apple Festival is its largest fundraiser.
 * Newark Valley Community Center - Formerly known as the Newark Valley United Church of Christ, this building has been reshaped into a spot for the community to gather for events such as karaoke and craft fairs. The space is open to being rented out for family events, birthday parties, and other social gatherings. As of 2024, the Newark Valley Community Center is still being renovated and refurbished by volunteering students from Newark Valley High School's Interact Club and community members.

Communities and locations in the Town of Newark Valley

 * Alexander Pond – A small pond west of Newark Valley village.
 * East Branch Owego Creek – A stream flowing southward through the western part of the town.
 * East Newark – A hamlet in the southern part of the town on NY Route 38B.
 * Jenksville – A hamlet in the corner of the town on County Road 33. It is named after Michael Jenks, who settled here in 1797 and built a sawmill in 1803.
 * Ketchumville – A hamlet in the northeastern corner of the town on County Road 9. It was formerly and important community in the town.
 * West Newark – A hamlet near the western town line on Route 33 and south of Jenksville.
 * New Connecticut – A hamlet near the northern town line on County Road 9 west of Ketchumville.
 * Newark Valley – The village of Newark Valley is in the west central part of the town on NY-38.
 * West Branch Owego Creek – A stream forming the western town boundary.
 * Newark Valley Central School District – Newark Valley's main school district

title: Newark Valley, New York


text:
Nichols (village), New York

Nichols is a village located in the Town of Nichols in Tioga County, New York, United States. The population was 512 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Binghamton Metropolitan Statistical Area. The name is taken from that of a local benefactor, Colonel Nichols.

The Village of Nichols is on the northern border of the town and is in the Southern Tier District of New York. Nichols is halfway between Binghamton and Elmira.

History
The Sullivan Expedition of 1779 passed through the region.

The village was settled around 1793 and was originally called the "Corners." The community was briefly known as "Rushville," but the name was changed to "Nichols" when the Tioga County was created.

The Nichols High School and Platt-Cady Mansion are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
Nichols is located at 42.01972°N, -76.36833°W (42.019986, -76.368505).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.5 square mile (1.3 km2), all land.

The Susquehanna River flows past the northern side of the village. Wapasening Creek flows into the river at Nichols village.

The Southern Tier Expressway (New York State Route 17 and future Interstate 86) and New York State Route 282 pass through the village.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 574 people, 213 households, and 152 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,123.9 PD/sqmi. There were 228 housing units at an average density of 446.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 99.65% White, 0.17% Black or African American and 0.17% Asian. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.70% of the population.

There were 213 households, out of which 38.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.5% were married couples living together, 11.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.2% were non-families. 24.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 3.08.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 31.4% under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 19.9% from 45 to 64, and 14.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.6 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $38,864, and the median income for a family was $41,667. Males had a median income of $27,361 versus $23,750 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,060. About 10.5% of families and 15.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.5% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those age 65 or over.

title: Nichols (village), New York


text:
Nichols, New York

Nichols is a town in Tioga County, New York, United States. The town contains a village also called Nichols. The town is on the south border of both the county and the state. The town is halfway between Binghamton and Elmira. The population was 2,357 at the 2020 census. The town is named after Colonel Nichols, an early landowner.

History
The Sullivan Expedition of 1779 passed through the area, destroying the native settlements of those who sided with the British against America in the Revolutionary War . The first permanent settlers arrived before 1787, but they were regarded as squatters by the first official settler, who arrived circa 1791.

The town of Nichols was established in 1824 from part of the town of Tioga.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 34.7 square miles (89.8 km2), of which 33.7 square miles (87.3 km2) is land and 1.0 square mile (2.5 km2)  (2.77%) is water.

The Susquehanna River marks the northern town boundary and the southern town line is the state line of Pennsylvania.

The Southern Tier Expressway (New York State Route 17 and future Interstate 86) passes across the town south of the Susquehanna River. New York State Route 282 connects NY-17 to the Pennsylvania state line.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,584 people, 966 households, and 723 families residing in the town. The population density was 76.7 PD/sqmi. There were 1,033 housing units at an average density of 30.7 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 99.03% White, 0.39% Black or African American, 0.19% Asian, 0.04% Pacific Islander, and 0.35% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.81% of the population.

There were 966 households, out of which 35.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.8% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.1% were non-families. 20.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 27.9% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 28.3% from 25 to 44, 24.3% from 45 to 64, and 13.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.3 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $37,372, and the median income for a family was $38,558. Males had a median income of $30,824 versus $22,375 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,728. About 9.8% of families and 13.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.8% of those under age 18 and 6.2% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the Town of Nichols

 * Briggs Hollow – A hamlet in the southeastern part of the town, and the name of a small valley in which the community is located.
 * East Nichols – A location in the southeastern corner of the town.
 * Hoopers Valley – A riverside hamlet east of Waverly village on NY-17.
 * Litchfield – A riverside hamlet at the western town line on NY-17.
 * Lounsberry – A hamlet northeast of Waverly village on NY-17. It was formerly called Canfield Corners.
 * Nichols – A village on the south side of the Susquehanna River at NY-17.
 * Squaw Island – An island in the Susquehanna River in the northeastern part of the town.
 * Tioga Downs – A casino built in 2006. Features horse racing in the summer months.
 * Tuffs Island – An island in the Susquehanna River in the northeastern part of the town.
 * Wapasening Creek – A stream flowing into the Susquehanna River by Nichols village.

title: Nichols, New York


text:
Owego (village), New York

Owego is a village in and the county seat of Tioga County, New York, United States. The population was 3,896 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Binghamton Metropolitan Statistical Area. The name is derived from the Iroquois word Ahwaga, meaning where the valley widens.

The Village of Owego is by the west town line of the Town of Owego and is west of Binghamton, New York.

Owego is one of only twelve villages in New York still incorporated under a charter; all other New York villages have incorporated or re-incorporated under the provisions of Village Law.

History
The village of Owego was established in 1787. When the "Town of Tioga" was created from the Town of Union, Owego village was in Tioga. In 1813, Tioga and Owego switched names, putting the village in the same-named town. The current Town of Tioga is now just west of the village. The village is in the Owego-Apalachin Central School District. Three district buildings are within the village's limits: The District Office Building, the Owego Elementary School, and the combined Owego-Apalachin Middle School and Owego Free Academy building, all on Sheldon Guile Boulevard.

On September 27, 1849, a large conflagration now known as "The Great Fire of Owego" began in the Temperance Hall of the Ely building. 104 buildings within the business district were completely burned to the ground.

The Evergreen Cemetery, St. Paul's Church, Owego Central Historic District, Tioga County Courthouse, and United States Post Office are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The James C. Beecher House was listed in 2012.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.7 square miles (7.0 km2), of which, 2.5 square miles (6.5 km2) of it is land and 0.2 square miles (0.6 km2) of it (8.12%) is water. Owego is on the Susquehanna River where the Owego Creek flows into the Susquehanna from the north.

A bridge connects the village to the Southern Tier Expressway (New York State Route 17), which is on the south side of the river. Owego is located on NY-17C, south of the junction of NY-96 and NY-38.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 3,911 people, 1,664 households, and 978 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,566.7 PD/sqmi. There were 1,913 housing units at an average density of 766.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 95.42% White, 1.15% Black or African American, 0.46% Native American, 1.02% Asian, 0.33% from other races, and 1.61% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.82% of the population.

There were 1,664 households, out of which 27.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.5% were married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.2% were non-families. 35.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 23.3% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 17.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.9 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $31,742, and the median income for a family was $43,139. Males had a median income of $27,299 versus $20,268 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,068. About 10.3% of families and 13.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.0% of those under age 18 and 4.8% of those aged 65 or over.

Local government
The Village of Owego is governed by a Board of Trustees, which is composed of the Mayor and six Trustees. Each member serves staggered two-year terms in a part-time capacity.

The Owego Fire Department was founded in August 1828. The all-volunteer organization is made up of five companies in four stations.

Reputation
Owego was named by Budget Travel magazine's readers as The Coolest Small Town in the United States in a poll. Results were announced on The Early Show, April 15, 2009, with Budget Travel's editor in chief, Nina Willdorf with Harry Smith.

Strawberry Festival
The Village of Owego is home to a popular annual strawberry festival which has occurred every year in June since 1980 (excepting 2020 and 2021). The festival regularly draws 20,000 visitors and includes a parade, community 5k run, live music and vendors of fresh produce and prepared strawberry based dishes. 2020 would mark the 40th anniversary of the festival, however, the COVID-19 pandemic forced its cancellation. The 40th anniversary observance is scheduled to take place in 2022.

Notable people

 * Austin Blair, 1818–1894. Politician, serving in the 40th, 41st, and 42nd U.S. Congress in the House of Representatives from 1867–1873 for Michigan's 3rd district. 13th Governor of Michigan, 1861–1865. Practiced law in Owego.
 * Isaac S. Catlin, 1835–1916. lawyer, Brevetted Major General in the Union Army. Awarded the Medal of Honor for his efforts in the Battle of the Crater in Petersburg, Virginia. Born and practiced law in Owego.
 * Daniel Cruger, 1780–1843. Soldier, newspaper publisher, lawyer, state and national politician. As a member of the Democratic-Republican party he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, 1817–1819 for New York's 20th district. 15th United States Congress.
 * Amasa Dana, 1792–1867. Studied and practiced law in Owego. Later, as a Democratic Party (United States) politician, he would serve New York's 26th and 22nd districts in the 26th United States Congress and the 28th United States Congress.
 * John R. Drake, 1782–1857. Local, state, and national politician. The First Judge of the Broome County Court. As a member of the Democratic-Republican party he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives, 1817–1819 for New York's 15th district, serving simultaneously with fellow Owegan Daniel Cruger in the 15th United States Congress.
 * Washington Gladden, 1836–1918. Leading American Congregational Pastor and pioneer of the Progressive Era-Social Gospel Movement. Educated and lived in Owego.
 * Douglas G. Hurley, born 1966. Is an American engineer, United States Marine Corps Naval Aviator, and NASA astronaut. He was also the first Marine to fly the F/A-18 E/F Super Hornet. He is a pilot in the Space Shuttle program. Hurley attended Owego Free Academy.
 * Mame Stewart Josenberger, 1868–1964. African American educator, businesswoman and clubwoman that was born and raised in the village.
 * Helen Dean King, 1869–1955. Celebrated biologist, professor, author. One of Dr. King's crowning achievements was the breeding of the Wistar rat which would greatly facilitate the future of biological, genetic, and medical research. In 1932, King was awarded the Richards Research prize, also known as the Women’s Nobel. Born in Owego.
 * Thomas Le Clear, 1818–1882. Famous visual artist. Le Clear is known for his portraits of Edwin Booth-as Hamlet, Presidents: Millard Fillmore, U.S Grant, and his genre scenes including Interior with Portraits. Born in the Town of Owego, he taught painting at the Owego Female Institute in 1844. Moving to New York City he was elected to full membership in the National Academy of Design in 1863. He was one of the most prominent portrait painters on the East Coast.
 * Osmund A. Leahy, 1915–1989. Major General United States Army. 1940 graduate of the United States Military Academy. Awarded three Silver Star medals during the Second World War. Resident of Owego.
 * Stephen B. Leonard, 1793–1876. Local publisher, politician, and postmaster. Elected as a Democrat to the 24th and the 26th United States Congress. He represented New York's 22nd congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives. Lived in Owego.
 * Belva Ann Lockwood, 1830–1917, Attorney, politician, educator, author, and National Equal Rights Party U.S. presidential candidate (first woman to run for president – 1884), headed a girls' seminary in Owego for three years in the 1860s. Around this time she met Susan B. Anthony; nearby Lockwood is named for her.
 * John Alden Loring, 1871–1947. Noted mammalogist and field naturalist. He served on the Smithsonian-Roosevelt African Expedition (1909–1910). Born and lived in Owego.
 * Daniel McCallum, 1815–1878, American railroad engineer, general manager of the New York and Erie Railroad and Union Brevet Major General during the American Civil War, known as one of the early pioneers of management. Lived in Owego.
 * John M. Parker (New York politician), 1805–1873. Justice who served on the New State Supreme Court and Court of Appeals. Former U.S. Congressman elected as an Opposition Party candidate in the 34th, and a Republican in the 35th United States Congress serving New York's 27th congressional district.
 * Thomas C. Platt, politician. A two-term member of the U.S. House of Representatives (1873–1877) and a three-term U.S. Senator from New York in the years 1881 and 1897–1909. He is best known as the "political boss" of the Republican Party in New York State. Born and lived in Owego.
 * Darryl Ponicsan, born 1938. American author and screenwriter. Taught high school English in Owego.
 * Raphael Pumpelly, 1837–1923. World renowned American geologist and explorer. Born in Owego.
 * George Raymond Sr. 1890–1967 grew up on McMaster street in the village, founder of the Raymond Corporation headquartered in Greene, NY
 * Henry Martyn Robert, 1837–1923. Brigadier General in the U.S. Army, engineer, and author. In 1876, Robert published the first edition of his manual of parliamentary procedure, Robert's Rules of Order, which remains today the most common parliamentary authority in the United States.
 * Howard W. Robison, 1915–1987. Republican politician elected to the United States House of Representatives serving the 37th, 33rd, and 27th districts of New York State from 1958 to 1975. Robison was born in Owego and is buried in Evergreen Cemetery (Owego, New York).
 * John D. Rockefeller, 1839–1937. American oil industry business magnate, industrialist, and philanthropist lived in the Owego, NY area as a young child and attended the Owego Free Academy. He is widely considered the wealthiest American of all time, and the richest person in modern history.
 * Richard Stout, 1836–1896. Union Navy sailor during the American Civil War. Recipient of the United States military's highest decoration-the Medal of Honor for his actions while serving on the USS Isaac Smith in an engagement with Confederate forces on the Stono River in South Carolina. Born, lived, and interred in Owego.
 * John J. Taylor, 1808–1892. Lawyer, banker, state and local Democratic politician, U.S. Congressman elected to the 33rd United States Congress serving New York's 27th congressional district.
 * Benjamin Franklin Tracy, 1830–1915. Brigadier General in the U.S. Army-Medal of Honor winner. Lawyer, state politician, 32nd United States Secretary of the Navy. Considered the 'Father' of the modern American two ocean fighting Navy. Was educated and practiced law in the Village of Owego.
 * Gilbert Carlton Walker, 1833–1885. Lawyer, banker, politician. Served as the 36th Governor of Virginia – 1869–1874, first as a provisional Republican then as a Democrat. He also served as a Democratic in the Forty-fourth and Forty-fifth U.S. Congresses. He practiced law in Owego.
 * Nathaniel Parker Willis, 1806–1867. Nationally known author, poet, and editor, lived at his estate Glenmary (namesake of Glen Mary Drive), from 1837 to 1842, in the town just outside the present village. Founder of Town and Country (magazine). Lived on the border of the Village of Owego.

title: Owego (village), New York


text:
Owego, New York

Owego is a town in Tioga County, New York, United States. The population was 18,728 at the 2020 census. The name is derived from the Iroquois word Ahwaga, meaning "where the valley widens".

Owego is in the southeastern corner of the county, west of Binghamton. The village of Owego is in the western part of the town.

History
The town was first settled around 1786. The original town of Owego was created at the time Tioga County was formed in 1791. This original town was reduced by formation of later towns in the county. The town's name is a derivative of the Iroquois word "ahwaga", which means "where the valley widens". This name came from the vast floods that run into the valley when the winter snows melt, which caused several deaths a year.

The current town of Owego was formed as the town of Tioga in 1800 from the town of Union (now in Broome County).

Confusion over the location of the village of Owego caused the legislature to have the towns of Owego and Tioga switch names in 1813 so that Owego village was within the same-named town.

The Hiawatha Farm, Waits Methodist Episcopal Church and Cemetery, and Vesper Cliff are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 105.8 square miles (273.9 km2), of which 104.2 square miles (269.8 km2) is land and 1.6 square miles (4.1 km2)  (1.51%) is water. The Susquehanna River flows across the town, dividing it into two parts. Owego Creek flows into the Susquehanna at Owego village and marks the western town line.

Transportation
The Southern Tier Expressway (New York State Route 17) crosses the town on the river's south bank. New York State Route 17C follows the river along the north bank. New York State Route 38 and New York State Route 96 converge north of Owego village.

Until the 1960s, the Erie Lackawanna Railroad operated passenger trains through Owego, for trips from Buffalo to Hoboken, New Jersey: the Phoebe Snow, ending in 1966; the overnight New York Mail/ Owl, ending in 1967; and the Lake Cities between Chicago and Hoboken, which was the last EL passenger train through Owego on January 6, 1970.

Adjacent towns and areas
The eastern town line is the border of Broome County and the southern town boundary is the border of Pennsylvania (Bradford and Susquehanna counties). Owego is in the Southern Tier of New York.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 20,365 people, 7,733 households, and 5,761 families residing in the town. The population density was 195.5 PD/sqmi. There were 8,226 housing units at an average density of 79.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 96.78% White, 0.70% Black or African American, 0.22% Native American, 1.01% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.26% from other races, and 1.02% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.11% of the population.

There were 7,733 households, out of which 34.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.0% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.5% were non-families. 21.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.5% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 28.4% from 25 to 44, 25.5% from 45 to 64, and 13.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 95.4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $46,987, and the median income for a family was $53,735. Males had a median income of $40,677 versus $25,425 for females. The per capita income for the town was $21,996. About 5.0% of families and 6.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.5% of those under age 18 and 3.9% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the Town of Owego

 * Apalachin – The hamlet of Apalachin is south of the Susquehanna River by the Southern Tier Expressway.
 * Campville – A hamlet on the northern side of the river on NY-17C. It was originally called East Owego until renamed after soldier and settler Asa Camp.
 * Crest View Heights – A neighborhood and census-designated place near the eastern town line, north of the river.
 * Flemingville – A hamlet north of Owego village on NY Route 38. It was named after soldier and settler David Fleming.
 * Foster – A location near the eastern town boundary, named after early settlers named Foster.
 * Gaskill Corners (or Gaskill) – A hamlet north of the river on County Road 39. It is named after early settler Joseph Gaskill.
 * Gibsons Corners – A hamlet south of the river near the western town line. It is named after Eli Gibson, an early settler.
 * Hiawatha Island – An island in the Susquehanna River east of Owego village and west of Apalachin.
 * Hullsville – A location north of Gaskill on County Road 39.
 * Oakley Corners – A location in the northeastern section of the town, near Hullsville.
 * Owego – The village of Owego is located on the north bank of the Susquehanna River by Owego Creek and the west town line.
 * Owego Creek – A stream that flows southward through the western side of the town and is joined by the Catatonk Creek before it enters the Susquehanna River.
 * South Apalachin – A location in the southeastern part of the town on County Road 41.
 * South Owego – A hamlet near the southern town line on County Road 27.
 * Tioga Terrace – A neighborhood and census-designated place east of Apalachin and south of NY-434.
 * Waits – A hamlet in the southwestern corner of the town, named after early settler Henry Waits.
 * Whittemore – A location by the eastern town line, named after early settlers named Foster. A descendant, Reverend Whittemore, preached at the Whittemore Hill church until sometime around the 1980s.

Flood of 2011
On September 8, 2011, the town of Owego was badly damaged by flood waters. Remnants of Tropical Storm Lee dumped massive amounts of rain over the region, causing the Susquehanna River to rapidly overflow its banks.

title: Owego, New York


text:
Spencer (village), New York

Spencer is a village located in the Town of Spencer in Tioga County, New York, United States. The population was 759 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Binghamton Metropolitan Statistical Area. The town and village are named after Judge Ambrose Spencer.

The Village of Spencer is located in the center of the town and is south of Ithaca.

History
The village is the location for the first settlement of the town, around 1794. It was called "Drake Settlement," at first, but the name was changed to "Spencer" when the town was organized and the village assumed the neighboring community of "Milltown." The village was popularly called "Pumpkin Hook" in the past.

Spencer was the county seat of Tioga County from 1812 to 1821.

The First Presbyterian Church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Geography
Spencer is located at 42.21222°N, -76.49611°W (42.212423, -76.496345).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.0 square miles (2.7 km2), of which 1.0 square miles (2.7 km2) is land and 0.96% is water.

The Catatonk Creek flows past the village.

New York State Route 34 and New York State Route 96 diverge in the village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 731 people, 295 households, and 199 families residing in the village. The population density was 708.0 PD/sqmi. There were 316 housing units at an average density of 306.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 97.81% White, 0.68% Black or African American, 0.14% Native American, 0.27% Asian, 0.14% from other races, and 0.96% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.55% of the population.

There were 295 households, out of which 33.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.8% were married couples living together, 15.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.5% were non-families. 28.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 27.4% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 27.2% from 25 to 44, 26.0% from 45 to 64, and 12.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.4 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $32,955, and the median income for a family was $37,222. Males had a median income of $28,125 versus $21,900 for females. The per capita income for the village was $15,925. About 10.6% of families and 14.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.7% of those under age 18 and 6.4% of those age 65 or over.

title: Spencer (village), New York


text:
Spencer, New York

Spencer is a town in Tioga County, New York, United States. The population was 2,976 at the 2020 census. The town and its primary village are named after Ambrose Spencer. It lies on the western border of the county and is south of Ithaca. Inside the town is the Village of Spencer. The village of Candor borders the town to the east and southeast, with Waverly to the southwest and Van Etten to the west, while Danby is to the north.

History
The land for the town was purchased in 1791 and settlement began in 1794. When the town was organized in 1806 from the Town of Tioga (the Old Town of Owego), it contained territory that is now in more newly organized towns: Candor (1811), Caroline (1811), Danby (1811), Newfield (1811), and Cayuta (1824) in Tioga and other counties.

The Halsey Valley Grand Army of the Republic Meeting Hall was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

Town resident Cal Harris was tried four times for murder, and ultimately acquitted, over a decade following the 2001 disappearance of his estranged wife.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 49.9 sqmi, of which 49.5 sqmi is land and 0.3 sqmi, or 0.68%, is water.

The eastern town line is the border of Chemung County and the northern town line is the border of Tompkins County.

Conjoined New York State Route 34 and New York State Route 96 divide at Spencer village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,979 people, 1,153 households, and 817 families residing in the town. The population density was 60.1 PD/sqmi. There were 1,271 housing units at an average density of 25.7 per square mile (9.9/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 97.28% White, 0.67% Black or African American, 0.20% Native American, 0.37% Asian, 0.47% from other races, and 1.01% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.28% of the population.

There were 1,153 households, out of which 35.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.9% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.1% were non-families. 23.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.7% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 30.3% from 25 to 44, 24.1% from 45 to 64, and 11.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $37,432, and the median income for a family was $41,025. Males had a median income of $31,277 versus $25,508 for females. The per capita income for the town was $16,312. About 6.2% of families and 8.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.5% of those under age 18 and 6.6% of those age 65 or over.

Education
Residents are most likely to go to the Spencer-Van Etten Central School district. The mascot is the Panther, with red, black, and silver colors. They are the 2001 soccer state champions and 1994 volleyball champions. The largest rivalry is between the Candor Indians. The football rivalry championship, is the Jug Game, in which Candor had a 10-year run.

Communities and locations in the Town of Spencer

 * Cowells Corners – A former location east of Spencer village.
 * Crum Town – A hamlet in the northeastern part of the town.
 * Empire Lake – A small lake in the southeastern part of the town.
 * Spencer – The Village of Spencer is centrally located in the town. Part of the village was once called "Bradleytown" and another "Drakes Settlement."
 * North Spencer (formerly "Huggtown") – A hamlet in the northwestern part of the town on NY-34 and NY-96.
 * Spencer Lake – a small lake southeast of North Spencer.
 * West Branch of Catatonk Creek – A stream flowing from Spencer Lake past Spencer Village.
 * West Candor – A hamlet by the eastern town line on NY-96.

title: Spencer, New York