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Talk:Smith County, Mississippi

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Agricultural Products
Can we add a section about Produce from Smith County? In particular, I would like to see information about the wonderful Smith County Watermelons. --Fjb3 (talk) 06:56, 2 September 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Smith County, Mississippi


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Talk:Stone County, Mississippi

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Recent edits - demographics/ethnicity table
Asserted ethnicity information has been repeatedly added to the article along with the assertion that the information is sourced, but no source has been provided. Shearonink (talk) 05:23, 12 May 2017 (UTC)

Recent edits - "Ancestry"
This "Ancestry" content is lacking specific reliable sources. Information in Wikipedia articles needs to be verified from reliable sources. The "Ancestry" subsection is lacking a specific source to back up its asserted information. Assuming good faith for now I am leaving the information as is in the article to give the editor/s adding it a chance to correct the situation - otherwise it should be removed. Shearonink (talk) 14:07, 13 May 2017 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Stone County, Mississippi


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Talk:Sunflower County, Mississippi

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Management reports
Here are State of Mississippi Management Reports: WhisperToMe (talk) 06:01, 17 August 2010 (UTC)
 * "Limited Control and Compliance Review Management Report." - August 9, 2006
 * "Audited Primary Government Financial Statements and Special Reports For the Year Ended September 30, 2003."
 * "Primary Government Financial Statements and Special Reports For the Year Ended September 30, 2000."

School district maps
WhisperToMe (talk) 22:02, 20 February 2012 (UTC)
 * http://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/dc10map/sch_dist/st28_ms/c28133_sunflower/DC10SD_C28133_001.pdf
 * http://www.webcitation.org/65bRINT4Q

County highway map
http://www.gomdot.com/Divisions/IntermodalPlanning/resources/Maps/pdf/CountyHighwayMaps/Sunflower.pdf WhisperToMe (talk) 12:55, 20 September 2010 (UTC)

Archive stuff
http://www.sunflower.lib.ms.us/sunflower/copy%20of%20intro.swf WhisperToMe (talk) 21:45, 14 December 2010 (UTC)

Heather McTeer statement on school consolidation
WhisperToMe (talk) 23:52, 25 March 2012 (UTC)
 * http://heathermcteer.com/news/McTeer%20Issues%20Statement%20On%20Sunflower%20County%20Schools%20Merger.html

title: Talk:Sunflower County, Mississippi


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Talk:Tallahatchie County, Mississippi

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External links modified
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title: Talk:Tallahatchie County, Mississippi


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Talk:Tate County, Mississippi

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title: Talk:Tate County, Mississippi


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Talk:Tippah County, Mississippi

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Translation into Chinese Wikipedia
Most part of the 17:55, 6 October 2007 VerruckteDan version of this article is translated into Chinese Wikipedia.--Philopp 12:51, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tippah County, Mississippi


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Talk:Tishomingo County, Mississippi

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title: Talk:Tishomingo County, Mississippi


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Geography of the Soviet Union

The Soviet Union incorporated an area of over 22402200 km2, covering approximately one-sixth of Earth's land surface. It spanned most of Eurasia. Its largest and most populous republic was the Russian SFSR which covered roughly three-quarters of the surface area of the union, including the complete territory of contemporary Russia.

The Soviet Union was the world's largest country throughout its entire existence (1922–1991). It had a geographic center further north than all independent countries other than Canada, Iceland, Finland, and the countries of Scandinavia. About three-quarters of the country was above the 50th parallel north.

Area
The country's 25,800,200 square kilometers (8,649,537.8 sq mi) included one-sixth of the Earth's land surface. Its western portion covered more than half of the land area of Europe, but only a quarter of the total land area of the Soviet Union. This area was where the majority (about 72 percent) of the people lived and where most industrial and agricultural activities were concentrated. It was here, roughly between the Dnieper River and the Ural Mountains, that its predecessor, the Russian Empire, took shape and gradually over centuries expanded to the Pacific Ocean and into Central Asia. After the Russian Civil War, the newly formed Soviet Union took control over most of the empire's former territories.

Borders and neighbors
The Soviet Union had the longest borders of any contemporary country, extending approx. 60,000 km. They measured some 10,000 kilometers (6,213.7 mi) from Kaliningrad on Gdańsk Bay in the west to Ratmanova Island (Big Diomede Island) in the Bering Strait - the rough equivalent of the distance from Edinburgh, Scotland, westwards to Nome, Alaska. From the tip of the Taymyr Peninsula on the Arctic Ocean to the Central Asian town of Kushka near the Afghan border extended almost 5,000 kilometers (3,106.8 mi) of mostly rugged, inhospitable terrain. The east–west expanse of the United States would easily have fit between the northern and southern borders of the Soviet Union at their extremities.

The Soviet Union had sixteen countries along its nearly 20,000 kilometers (12,427.4 mi) of land borders.

In Asia it had neighbors (from east to west) in:
 * Japan (1922–1945)
 * North Korea
 * China
 * Mongolia
 * Afghanistan
 * Iran
 * Turkey

In Europe it had borders with (from south to north):
 * Romania
 * Hungary
 * Czechoslovakia
 * Poland
 * Lithuania (1939–40, 1991)
 * Latvia (1922–40, 1991)
 * Estonia (1922–40, 1991)
 * Finland
 * Norway

Seacoast
Soviet shorelines were contiguous with a dozen seas and part of the water systems of three oceans — the Arctic, Atlantic, and Pacific. More than two-thirds of its borders were seacoast, making it the world's longest coastal boundary during its time. More than two-thirds of the coastline were well above the Arctic Circle. With the important exception of Murmansk, which received the warm currents of the Gulf Stream, the coast north of the Arctic Circle was usually locked in ice, frozen for up to ten months each year. Despite the exhe Soviet Riviera, and the mountains rimming the southern boundary were as imposing as the Swiss Alps.

In addition to having the world's longest coastline, the U.S.S.R. had the longest frontiers. To the north the country was bounded by the seas of the Arctic Ocean, and to the east were the seas of the Pacific. On the south the U.S.S.R. was bordered by North Korea, Mongolia, China, Afghanistan, Iran, and Turkey. On the southern frontier there were three seas: the Caspian Sea, the world's largest inland sea, as well as the almost completely landlocked Black Sea and Sea of Azov. Romania, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Finland, and Norway lay to the west.

Topography and drainage
Most geographers divide the vast Soviet territory into five natural zones that generally extend from west to east: the tundra zone; the taiga or forest zone; the steppe or plains zone; the arid zone; and the mountain zone. Most of the Soviet Union consisted of three plains (East European Plain, West Siberian Plain, and Turan Lowland), two plateaus (Central Siberian Plateau and Kazakh Upland), and a series of mountainous areas, concentrated for the most part in the extreme northeast or extending intermittently along the southern border. The West Siberian Plain, the world's largest, extended east from the Urals to the Yenisey River. Because the terrain and vegetation were uniforms in each of the natural zones, the Soviet Union, as a whole, presented an illusion of uniformity.

Tundra
Nevertheless, the Soviet territory contained all the major vegetation zones with the exception of tropical rain forest. Ten percent of Soviet territory is tundra, that is, a treeless marshy plain. The tundra was the Soviet Union's northernmost zone of snow and ice, stretching from the Finnish border in the west to the Bering Strait in the east and then running south along the Pacific coast to the earthquake and volcanic region of northern Kamchatka Peninsula. It was the land made famous by herds of wild reindeer, by white nights (dusk at midnight, dawn shortly thereafter) in summer, and by days of total darkness in winter. The long harsh winters and lack of sunshine allowed only mosses, lichens, and dwarf willows and shrubs to sprout low above the barren permafrost. Although the great Siberian rivers slowly traversed this zone in reaching the Arctic Ocean, drainage of the numerous lakes, ponds, and swamps was hampered by partial and intermittent thawing. Frost weathering is the most important physical process here, shaping a landscape modified by extensive glaciation in the last ice age.

Forests
The northern forests of spruce, fir, pine, and larch, collectively known as the taiga, made up the largest natural zone of the Soviet Union, an area about the size of the United States. Here too the winter is long and severe, as witnessed by the routine registering of the world's coldest temperatures for inhabited areas in the northeastern portion of this belt. The taiga zone extended in a broad band across the middle latitudes, stretching from the Finnish border in the west to the Verkhoyansk Range in northeastern Siberia and as far south as the southern shores of Lake Baykal. Isolated sections of taiga are found along mountain ranges, as in the southern part of the Urals, and in the Amur River Valley in the Far East. About 33 percent of the population lives in this zone, which, with the mixed forest zone, included most of the European part of the Soviet Union and the ancestral lands of the earliest Slavic settlers.

Steppes
Long associated with traditional images of Russian landscape and cossacks on horseback are the steppes, which are treeless, grassy plains. Although they covered only 15 percent of Soviet territory, the steppes were home to roughly 44 percent of the population. They extend for 4,000 kilometers from the Carpathian Mountains in the western Ukrainian Republic across most of the northern portion of the Kazakh Republic in Soviet Central Asia, between the taiga and arid zones, occupying a relatively narrow band of plains whose chernozem soils are some of the most fertile on earth. In a country of extremes, the steppe zone, with its moderate temperatures and normally adequate levels of sunshine and moisture, provides the most favorable conditions for human settlement and agriculture. Even here, however, agricultural yields were sometimes adversely affected by unpredictable levels of precipitation and occasional catastrophic droughts.

Arid zone
Below the steppes, and merging at times with them, was the arid zone: the semideserts and deserts of Soviet Central Asia and, particularly, of the Kazakh Republic. Portions of this zone became cotton- and rice-producing regions through intensive irrigation. For various reasons, including sparse settlement and a comparatively mild climate, the arid zone became the most prominent center for Soviet space exploration. One-quarter of the Soviet Union consisted of mountains or mountainous terrain. With the significant exceptions of the Ural Mountains and the mountains of eastern Siberia, the mountains occupy the southern periphery of the Soviet Union. The Urals, because they have traditionally been considered the natural boundary between Europe and Asia and because they are valuable sources of minerals, were the most famous of the country's nine major ranges. In terms of elevation (comparable to the Appalachians) and vegetation, however, they are far from impressive, and they do not serve as a formidable natural barrier.

Alpine terrain
Truly alpine terrain was found in the southern mountain ranges. Between the Black and Caspian seas, for example, the Caucasus Mountains rose to impressive heights, marking a continuation of the boundary separating Europe from Asia. One of the peaks, Mount Elbrus, is the highest point in Europe at 5,642 meters. This range, extending to the northwest as the Crimean and Carpathian mountains and to the southeast as the Tien Shan and Pamirs, formed an imposing natural barrier between the Soviet Union and its neighbors to the south. The highest point in the Soviet Union, at 7,495 meters, was Mount Communism (Pik Kommunizma) in the Pamirs near the border with Afghanistan, Pakistan, and China. The Pamirs and the Tien Shan were offshoots of the tallest mountain chain in the world, the Himalayas. Eastern Siberia and the Soviet Far East are also mountainous regions, especially the volcanic peaks of the long Kamchatka Peninsula, which jutted down into the Sea of Okhotsk. The Soviet Far East, the southern portion of Soviet Central Asia, and the Caucasus were the Soviet Union's centers of seismic activity. In 1887, for example, a severe earthquake destroyed the city of Verny (present-day Almaty), and in December 1988 a massive quake demolished the Armenian city of Spitak and large sections of Kirovakan and Leninakan. The 1988 quake, one of the worst in Soviet history, claimed more than 25,000 lives.

Hydrosystems
The Soviet Union possessed both scarce and abundant water resources. With about 3 million rivers and approximately 4 million inland bodies of water, the Soviet Union held the largest fresh, surface-water resources of any country. But most of these resources (84 percent), as with so much of the Soviet resource-base, lay at a great distance from the majority of potential users; they flowed through sparsely populated territory and into the Arctic and Pacific oceans. In contrast, areas with the highest concentrations of the population (and therefore the highest demand for water supplies) tended to have the warmest climates and highest rates of evaporation. This resulted in barely adequate (or in some cases inadequate) water-resources in the areas of most need.

Nonetheless, as in many other countries, the earliest settlements sprang up on the rivers, where the majority of the urban population preferred to live. The Volga, Europe's longest river, became by far the Soviet Union's most important commercial waterway. Three of the country's twenty-three cities with more than one million inhabitants stood on its banks: Gorky, Kazan, and Kuybyshev.

The European part of the Soviet Union had extensive, highly developed, and heavily used water-resources, among them the key hydrosystems of the Volga, Kama, Dnepr, Dnestr, and Don rivers. As with fuels, however, the greatest water resources lay east of the Urals, deep in Siberia. Of the sixty-three rivers in the Soviet Union longer than 1,000 kilometers, forty were east of the Urals, including the four mighty rivers that drain Siberia as they flow northward to the Arctic Ocean: the Irtysh, Ob', Yenisey, and Lena rivers. The Amur River formed part of the winding and even at times there are tense boundaries between the Soviet Union and People's Republic of China. Taming and exploiting the hydroelectric potential of these systems became a monumental and highly publicized Soviet project. Some of the world's largest hydroelectric stations operated on these rivers. Hundreds of smaller hydroelectric power-plants and associated reservoirs were also constructed on the rivers. Thousands of kilometers of canals linked river- and lake-systems and provided essential sources of irrigation for farmland.

The Soviet Union's four million inland bodies of water chiefly resulted from extensive glaciation. Most prominently they included the Caspian Sea, the world's largest inland sea, and Lake Baikal, the world's deepest and most capacious freshwater lake. Lake Baikal alone held 85 percent of the freshwater resources of the lakes in the Soviet Union and 20 percent of the world's total. Other water resources included swampland - a sizable portion of territory (10 percent) - and glaciers in the northern areas.

Extreme points
North: Cape Fligely, Russian SFSR (81'30 N) South: Serhetabat, Turkmen SSR (35'12 N) West: Narmeln, Russian SFSR, (19'38 E) East: Dezhnev (Big Diomede), Russian SFSR, (169'01 W).

Winter's impact
Notorious cold and long winters have been the focus of discussions on the Soviet Union's weather and climate. From the frozen depths of Siberia came baby mammoths perfectly preserved, locked in ice for several thousand years. Millions of square kilometers experience half a year of subfreezing temperatures and snow covered over subsoil that was permanently frozen in places to depths of several hundred meters. In northeastern Siberia, not far from Yakutsk, hardy settlers coped with January temperatures that consistently average -50 °C. Transportation routes, including entire railroad lines, had been redirected in winter to traverse rock-solid waterways and lakes.

Howling Arctic winds that produced coastal wind chills as low as -152 °C and the burany, or blinding snowstorms of the steppe, were climatic manifestations of the USSR's close proximity to the North Pole and remoteness from oceans that tended to moderate the climate. A combination of the "Siberian high": cold, high-pressure systems in the east, together with wet, cold cyclonic systems in the west largely determined the overall weather patterns.

The long, cold winter had a profound impact on almost every aspect of life in the Soviet Union. It affected where and how long people live and work and what kinds of crops are grown and where they are grown (no part of the country has a year-round growing season). The length and severity of the winter, along with the sharp fluctuations in the mean summer and winter temperatures, imposed special requirements on many branches of the economy: in regions of permafrost, buildings must be constructed on pilings, and machinery must be made of specially tempered steel; transportation systems must be engineered to perform reliably in extremely low and high temperatures; the health care field and the textile industry are greatly affected by the ramifications of six to eight months of winter; and energy demands are multiplied by extended periods of darkness and cold.

Other climatic zones
Despite its well-deserved reputation as a generally snowy, icy northern country, the Soviet Union included other major climatic zones as well. According to Soviet geographers, most of their country is located in the temperate zone, which for them included all of the European portions except the southern part of Crimea and the Caucasus, all of Siberia, the Soviet Far East, and the plains of Soviet Central Asia and the southern Kazakh Republic.

Two areas outside the temperate zone demonstrated the climatic diversity of the Soviet Union: the Soviet Far East, under the influence of the Pacific Ocean, with a monsoonal climate; and the subtropical band of territory extending along the southern coast of the Soviet Union's most popular resort area, Crimea, through the Caucasus and into Soviet Central Asia, where there were deserts and oases.

With most of the land so far removed from the oceans and the moisture they provide, levels of precipitation in the Soviet Union was low to moderate. More than half the country received fewer than forty centimeters of rainfall each year, and most of Soviet Central Asia and northeastern Siberia could count on barely one-half that amount. The wettest parts were found in the small, lush subtropical region of the Caucasus and in the Soviet Far East along the Pacific coast.

Land and natural resources
The Soviet resource base was by far the world's most extensive, ensuring self-sufficiency for its people in most resources for many years. The Soviet Union was usually first or second in the annual production of most of the world's strategic raw materials. However, most of the topography and climate resembles that of the northernmost portion of the North American continent. The northern forests and the plains to the south find their closest counterparts in the Yukon Territory and in the wide swath of land extending across most of Canada. Similarities in terrain, climate, and settlement patterns between Siberia and Alaska and Canada are unmistakable.

Land status
Only 11 percent of the USSR's land was arable. 16 percent was meadows and pasture. 41 percent was forest and woodland. Of the remaining, much is permafrost or tundra. However, the Soviet Union was richly endowed with almost every major category of natural resource. Drawing upon its vast holdings, it became the world leader in the production of oil, iron ore, manganese, and asbestos; it had the world's largest proven reserves of natural gas as well as coal, iron ore, timber, gold, manganese, lead, zinc, nickel, mercury, potash, phosphates, and most strategic minerals.

Self-sufficiency had traditionally been a powerful stimulus for exploring and developing the country's huge, yet widely dispersed, resource base. It remained a source of national pride that the Soviet Union, alone among the industrialized countries of the world, could claim the ability to satisfy almost all the requirements of its economy using its own natural resources. The abundance of fossil fuels supplied not just the Soviet Union's domestic needs. For many years, an ample surplus was exported to consumers in Eastern Europe and Western Europe, where it earned most of the Soviet Union's convertible currency.

Resources in Siberia
Although its historical, political, economic, and cultural ties bound it firmly to Europe, the Soviet Union was, with the inclusion of Siberia, also an Asian country. In the post-World War II period, Siberia became known as a new frontier because of its treasure of natural resources. As resource stocks were depleted in the heavily populated European section, tapping the less accessible but vital riches east of the Urals became a national priority. The best example of this process is fuels and energy. The depletion of readily accessible fuel resources west of the Urals caused development and exploitation to shift to the inhospitable terrain of western Siberia, which in the 1970s and 1980s displaced the Volga-Ural and the southern European regions as the country's primary supplier of fuel and energy. Fierce cold, permafrost, and persistent flooding made this exploitation costly and difficult.

Environmental concerns
The Soviet Union transformed, often radically, the country's physical environment. In the 1970s and 1980s, Soviet citizens, from the highest officials to ordinary factory workers and farmers, began to examine negative aspects of this transformation and to call for more prudent use of natural resources and greater concern for environmental protection.

Before 1985
In spite of a series of environmental laws and regulations passed in the 1970s, authentic environmental protection in the Soviet Union did not become a major concern until General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev came to power in March 1985. Without an established regulatory agency and an environmental protection infrastructure, enforcement of existing laws was largely ignored. Only occasional and isolated references appeared on such issues as air and water pollution, soil erosion, and wasteful use of natural resources in the 1970s. There were various reasons for not implementing environmental safeguards. In cases where land and industry were state owned and managed when air and water were polluted, the state was most often the agent of this pollution. Second, and this was true especially under Joseph Stalin's leadership, the resource base of the country was viewed as limitless and free. Third, in the Cold War rush to modernize and to develop heavy industry, concern for damage to the environment and related damage to the health of Soviet citizens would have been viewed as detrimental to progress. Fourth, advanced means of pollution control and environmental protection can be an expensive, high-technology industry, and even in the mid-1980s many of the Soviet Union's systems to control harmful emissions were inoperable or of foreign manufacture.

Environmentalists such as American John Muir were the chief agents of bringing environmental concerns to the attention of the public, whereupon they became political concerns; such leaders were not given a voice in the USSR, they did not step forward, or they did not exist. Most certainly they did not exist in 1867 when Muir first began distributing his writing in the US. His efforts to promote environmentalism began 50 years before the start of the Bolshevik Revolution in late 1917 and the ensuing Russian Civil War (1918–21), known collectively as the Russian Revolution. The Soviet Union had not begun to exist until then.

1985 and after
Under Gorbachev's leadership, the official attitude toward the environment changed. Various social and economic factors helped produce this change. To maintain economic growth through the 1980s, a period in which the labor force had been declining significantly, intensive and more prudent use of both natural and human resources was required. At the same time, glasnost provided an outlet for widespread discussion of environmental issues, and a genuine grass-roots ecological movement arose to champion causes similar to the ecological concerns of the West. Public campaigns were mounted to protect Lake Baykal from industrial pollution and to halt the precipitous decline in the water levels of the Caspian Sea, the Sea of Azov, and, most urgently, the Aral Sea. A large scheme to divert the northern rivers southward had been counted on to replenish these seas, but for both economic and environmental reasons, the project was canceled in 1986.

Without this diversion project, the Aral Sea, once a body of water larger than any of the Great Lakes except Lake Superior, seemed destined to become the world's largest salt flat as early as the year 2010. By 1987 so much water had been siphoned off for irrigation of cotton and rice fields south and east of the sea that all shipping and commercial fishing had ceased. Former seaports, active as late as 1973, were reported to be forty to sixty kilometers from the water's edge. Belatedly recognizing the gravity of the situation for the 3 million inhabitants of the Aral region, government officials declared it an ecological disaster area.

With respect to air pollution, mass demonstrations protesting unhealthy conditions were held in cities such as Yerevan in the Armenian SSR. Official reports confirmed that more than 100 of the largest Soviet cities registered air quality indexes ten times worse than permissible levels. In one of the most publicized cases, the inhabitants of Kirishi, a city not far from Leningrad, succeeded in closing a chemical plant whose toxic emissions were found to be harming—and in some cases killing—the city's residents. Finally, separate, highly publicized cases of man-made disasters, the most prominent of which was the Chernobyl' nuclear power plant accident in 1986, highlighted the fragility of the main production -nature relationship in the Soviet Union and forced a reconsideration of traditional attitudes and policies toward industrialization and development.

As part of the process of restructuring (perestroika), in the 1980s concrete steps were taken to strengthen environmental protection and to provide the country with an effective mechanism for implementing policy and ensuring compliance. Two specific indications of this were the inclusion of a new section devoted to environmental protection in the annual statistical yearbook and the establishment of the State Committee for the Protection of Nature (Gosudarstvennyi komitet po okhrane prirody—Goskompriroda) early in 1988.

Despite these measures, decades of environmental degradation caused by severe air and water pollution and land abuse are unlikely to be remedied soon or easily. Solving these critical problems will require not only a major redirection of capital and labor but also a fundamental change in the entire Soviet approach to industrial and agricultural production and resource exploitation and consumption.

Statistics
Size: Approximately 31,402,200 square kilometers (land area 30,272,000 square kilometers).

Location: Occupied eastern portion of the European continent and northern portion of Asian continent. Most of the country north of 50° north latitude.

Topography: Vast steppe with low hills west of Ural Mountains; extensive coniferous forest and tundra in Siberia; deserts in Central Asia; mountains along southern boundaries.

Climate: Generally temperate to Arctic continental. Winters varied from short and cold along Black Sea to long and frigid in Siberia. Summers varied from hot in southern deserts to cool along Arctic coast. Weather usually harsh and unpredictable. Generally dry with more than half of country receiving fewer than forty centimeters of rainfall per year, most of Soviet Central Asia northeastern Siberia receiving only half that amount.

Water Boundaries: 42,777 kilometers washed by oceanic systems of Arctic, Atlantic, and Pacific.

Land Use: 11 percent of land arable; 16 percent meadows and pasture; 41 percent forest and woodland; and 32 percent other, including tundra.

Natural Resources: Oil, natural gas, coal, iron ore, timber, gold, manganese, lead, zinc, nickel, mercury, potash, phosphates, and most strategic minerals.

Above section:.

title: Geography of the Soviet Union


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Talk:Tunica County, Mississippi

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User:Tim Starling/Reddi watchlist SQL

Hey look everyone, I worked out how to use "group by"!

SQL query:  select old_namespace,old_title from old,user where old_user=user_id AND user_name='Reddi' group by old_title limit 1000

select cur_namespace,cur_title from cur,user where cur_user=user_id AND user_name='Reddi' AND cur_is_new=1 group by cur_title limit 1000

This is a list of articles Reddi has edited. See User:Tim Starling/Reddi watchlist for a human-edited list.

 * Aharonov-Bohm_effect
 * Albert_Einstein
 * Alternate_current
 * Alternating_current
 * Ark_of_the_Covenant
 * Australian_Inter_Dominion_Harness_Racing_Championship
 * Boundary_layer_effect
 * Charles_Kettering
 * Commissioned_officer
 * Convention_for_the_Suppression_of_the_Traffic_in_Persons_and_of_the_Exploitation_of_the_Prostitution_of_Others
 * Cosmology
 * Dayton_Miller
 * Douglas_Sweetser
 * Dual
 * Dynamic_theory_of_gravity
 * Dynamo_theory
 * Earth's_magnetic_field
 * Edward_Morley
 * Eiffel_Tower
 * Electricity
 * Electric_motor
 * Fact
 * Fief
 * Frank_Wilczek
 * Geomantic
 * Geomatic
 * Gloria_Leonard
 * Hannes_Alfven
 * Hannes_Olof_Gösta_Alfvén
 * Harmonic_oscillator
 * High_Society
 * Homage
 * Kennedy-Thorndike_experiment
 * Kentucky_Futurity
 * Lead-lag_effect
 * Ley_line
 * Magnetism
 * Magnetohydrodynamics
 * Magnetosphere
 * Marcel_Deprez
 * Mark_Twain
 * Maxwell
 * Maxwell's_equations
 * Michelson-Morley_experiment
 * N-body_problem
 * Names_given_to_the_divine
 * Niagara_Falls
 * Nikola_Tesla
 * Null-result
 * Null_result
 * Oersted
 * Officer
 * Perpetual_motion
 * Phantom_loop
 * Physics
 * Plasma
 * Plasma_cosmology
 * Plasma_physics
 * Polyphase_system
 * Potential
 * Potential_difference
 * Quantum_flux
 * Quantum_superposition
 * Quaternion
 * Radar_astronomy
 * Relation
 * Remanence
 * Reversed_field_pinch
 * Robert_Orben
 * Schumann_resonance
 * Special_relativity
 * Stellarator
 * Tesla_coil
 * Tesla_patents
 * Tesla_turbine
 * Tether_propulsion
 * Theodor_Wulf
 * Theory
 * Thermodynamics
 * Thomas_Edison
 * Thomas_Jones
 * Three_phase
 * Trouton-Noble_experiment
 * Turbine
 * Two-body_problem
 * Vacuum
 * Volt
 * William_John_Macquorn_Rankine
 * William_Wulf
 * Will_Durant
 * Wrong
 * Wye-delta_transform
 * Talk:Electrical_network
 * Talk:List_of_speculative_or_fringe_theories
 * Talk:Luminiferous_aether
 * Talk:Rotating_magnetic_field
 * Talk:Trouton_Noble_experiment
 * User:Reddi
 * Most_wanted_stubs
 * Requested_articles
 * Image:BrochureWardenclyffe_.PNG
 * Image:Internalblades.PNG
 * Image:OriginalTeslaCoil.png

title: User:Tim Starling/Reddi watchlist SQL


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Talk:Union County, Mississippi

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title: Talk:Union County, Mississippi


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Talk:Walthall County, Mississippi

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title: Talk:Walthall County, Mississippi


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Talk:Warren County, Mississippi

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Talk:Washington County, Mississippi

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Talk:Wayne County, Mississippi

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Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek

The Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek ("ny" means "new" in Danish; "Glyptotek" comes from the Greek root glyphein, to carve, and theke, storing place), commonly known simply as Glyptoteket, is an art museum in Copenhagen, Denmark. The collection represents the private art collection of Carl Jacobsen (1842–1914), the son of the founder of the Carlsberg Breweries.

Primarily a sculpture museum, as indicated by the name, the focal point of the museum is antique sculpture from the ancient cultures around the Mediterranean, including Egypt, Rome and Greece, as well as more modern sculptures such as a collection of Auguste Rodin's works, considered to be the most important outside France. However, the museum is equally noted for its collection of paintings that includes an extensive collection of French impressionists and Post-impressionists as well as Danish Golden Age paintings.

The French Collection includes works by painters such as Jacques-Louis David, Monet, Pissarro, Renoir, Degas and Cézanne, as well as those by Post-impressionists such as van Gogh, Toulouse-Lautrec and Bonnard. The museum's collection includes all the bronze sculptures of Degas, including the series of dancers. Numerous works by Norwegian-Danish sculptor Stephan Sinding are featured prominently in various sections of the museum.

First Glyptoteque
Carl Jacobsen was a dedicated art collector. He was particularly interested in antique art, but over the years he also acquired a considerable collection of French and Danish sculptures. When his private villa in 1882 was extended with a winter garden, sculptures soon outnumbered plants in it. The same year the collection was opened to the public. In the following years the museum was expanded on a number of occasions to meet the need for more space for his steadily growing collections. In 1885 his 'house museum' had grown to a total of 19 galleries, the first 14 of which had been designed by Vilhelm Dahlerup while Hack Kampmann had built the last four as well as conducted a redesign of the winter garden.

New museum
In spite of the many extensions, it was finally clear the existing premises were inadequate and that a new building was needed. On 8 March 1888 Carl Jacobsen donated his collection to the Danish State and the City of Copenhagen on condition that they provided a suitable building for its exhibition. Copenhagen's old fortifications had recently been abandoned and a site was chosen on a ravelin outside Holcks Bastion in the city's Western Rampart, just south of the Tivoli Gardens which had been founded in 1843. Jacobsen was displeased with the location which he found to be too far from the city centre and he had also reservations about the proximity of Tivoli which he found common. Instead he wanted a building on the emerging new city hall square, yet in the end he accepted.

It was Carl Jacobsen who chose the name for the museum, with inspiration from Ludwig I's Glyptothek in Munich, as well as Vilhelm Dahlerup as the architect for the assignment. The moat around the radan was filled and the new museum opened first on 1 May 1897. At first it only included Jacobsen's modern collection with French and Danish works from the 18th century.

In January 1899 Carl Jacobsen donated his collection of Antique art to the museum which made an expansion necessary. It was designed by Hack Kampmann while Dahlerup designed a winter garden which connected the new wing to the old building. It was inaugurated in 1906.

In 1996 the museum was once again extended, this time with an infill constructed in one of its courtyards to the design of Henning Larsen. In 2006, the building underwent a major renovation programme under the direction of Danish architects Dissing + Weitling. and Bonde Ljungar Arkitekter MAA.

Architecture
The building is often noted for its elegance in its own right and the synthesis it creates with the works of art.

The Dahlerup Wing, the oldest part of the museum, is a lavish historicist building. The façade is in red brick with polished granite columns in a Venetian renaissance style. It houses the French and Danish collections.

The Kampmann Wing is a more simple, neo-classical building, built as a series of galleries around a central auditorium used for lectures, small concerts, symposiums and poetry readings.

The two wings are connected by the Winter Garden with mosaic floors, tall palms, a fountain and topped by a dome made in copper and wrought iron.

The Henning Larsen Wing is a minimalistic infill, built in a former inner courtyard and affording access to the roof. Official meetings and banquets sometimes take place in the Glyptotek, such as the certification of Polio-free Europe, 21 June 2002.

Collections
The Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek's collections comprise more than 10,000 works of art.

Antique collection
The Antique collection displays sculptures and other antiquities from the ancient cultures around the Mediterranean.

The extensive Greek, Roman and Etruscan Collection comprises marble statues, small terra cotta statues, reliefs, pottery and other artifacts. The Etruscan collection is the largest outside Italy. Theidoit Jacobsen's broker in Rome for 25 years, acquiring more than 950 sculptures and Etruscan antiquities for the Ny Carlsberg Museum.

The Egyptian Collection comprises more than 1,900 pieces, dating from 3000 BCE to the 1st century CE and representing both Ancient Egypt, the Middle Kingdom and the Roman Period. It was founded in 1882 when Carl Jacobsen made his first Egyptian acquisition, a Sarcophagus purchased from the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. Many of the objects in the collection were augmented when the Ny Carlsberg Foundation sponsored excavations in Egypt in the beginning of the 20th century led by the English Egyptologist W. M. F. Petrie. The holdings include several mummies, displayed in a crypt-like gallery below the normal galleries.

The Near Eastern Collection spans a period of 7150 years, the oldest artifact being from 6500 BCE and the youngest being from 650 CE, featuring such cultures as the Levant, Mesopotamia, Anatolia and Persia.

French Collection
The main focus of the French Collection is 19th-century French painting and sculpture. The painting collection contains works by such painters as David and Manet, as well as a large collection of Impressionist painters such as Monet, Cézanne and Bonnard. The single painter represented with most paintings is Paul Gauguin with more than 40 works. The museum also holds a large collection of French 19th-century sculpture by artists such as Carpeaux and Rodin, the Rodin collection being one of the largest in the world, as well as a complete collection of Degas' bronze sculptures.

Danish Collection
The Danish Collection contains a large collection of Danish Golden Age paintings by painters such as Eckersberg, Købke and Lundbye. It also contains the largest representation of Danish Golden Age Sculpture in the country.

European Collection
The European Collection comprises works from the 18th to the 20th century. Represented sculptors include Neoclassicists such as Canova, Sergel, Carstens, Flaxman, Rauch and Baily, as well as Modernists like Meunier, Klinger, Picasso and Giacometti.

The collection also comprises a small collection of Modern paintings of artists such as Arp, Ernst, Miró, Poliakoff and Gilioli.

Concerts
The Auditorium is mainly used for classical concerts, including the Helge Jacobsen concert series. Helge Jacobsen Concerts have included the Austrian Hagen Quartet, the Russian violinist Alina Ibragimova, the French pianist Cédric Tiberghien, the Russian bariton Sergei Leiferkus, the French Ysaÿe Quartet and German tenor Jonas Kaufmann among others.

The Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek is in general noted for its good acoustics, both in the auditorium and in the surrounding long halls. The Auditorium has been used as a rehearsal room by the Early music vocal ensemble Musica Ficta, often within opening hours of the museum, occasionally adding music to the museum experience, and it has also regularly performed concerts, both in the Auditorium and the surrounding halls. Pioneer overtone singer David Hykes in the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek in 1997.

Occasionally the Auditorium is also used for other musical genres, such as the Danish Klezmer group Mames Babegenush.

Other cultural events
The Auditorium is also used for other cultural events, such as poetry readings, lectures and debates.

In popular culture
The museum is used as a location in the films Stjerneskud (1947), Fodboldpræsten (1951), Dorte (1951), Mød mig på Cassiopeia (1951), Bruden fra Dragstrup (1955) and Den kære familie (1962).

The building was the inspiration for the set design of the Valkyries' Rock in Kasper Holten's 2006 production of Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen at the Copenhagen Opera House.

title: Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek


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Don Clarke

Donald Barry Clarke (10 November 1933 – 29 December 2002) was a New Zealand rugby union player who played 89 times (31 of these were test matches) as a New Zealand international from 1956 until 1964. He was best known for his phenomenal goal kicking ability that earned him the nickname "The Boot". He was born at the small settlement of Pihama, near Ōpunake in the Taranaki Region.

Rugby career
Clarke was first selected to play rugby for at the age of 17 in 1951. In 1956 he helped the Waikato side to a 14–10 victory over the touring South African Springbok side. This helped his cause in being selected to play in the third All Black test match of the Springbok tour. Over his entire All Black career Clarke scored 781 points, a record that stood for 24 years until it was broken by Grant Fox in 1988.

Clarke had four brothers, Ian, Douglas, Brian and Graeme all of whom also represented Waikato. Only once did they all appear for Waikato in the same match, at Te Aroha in 1961.

A highlight of his career was to play for the Eastwood Rugby Club (Sydney, Australia) in an exhibition match. "One of the best days of my life" Clarke commented at the after match function. In July 1965 Clarke also helped Hornsby Rugby beat Mosman at Waitara Oval by scoring a try and demonstrating his kicking skills by kicking two penalties and three conversions.

Cricket career
Clarke also played 27 first-class cricket matches as a right-arm opening bowler, mostly for Auckland and Northern Districts, taking five or more wickets in an innings on four occasions. His best performance came for Northern Districts against Central Districts in January 1963, when he claimed 8/37 in the second innings. At the time, this was a record innings return for Northern Districts in first-class cricket, although it was beaten by Gren Alabaster's 8/30 just two months later.

Personal life
Clarke married in 1962 in Morrinsville. In 1977 he moved to South Africa, together with wife Patsy, son Glen and daughters Leigh and Shelley. There he set up a tree-felling business. In 1997, he was seriously injured in a motor vehicle accident, when a 15-tonne truck hit his utility vehicle. He was diagnosed with melanoma in March 2001, from which he died on 29 December 2002.

title: Don Clarke


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User:Joeykelly

Joey Kelly:

 * Minister of the gospel
 * Linux consultant in New Orleans

Home page: http://joeykelly.net

title: User:Joeykelly


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Battle of Changping

The Battle of Changping (長平之戰) was a military campaign during the Warring States period of ancient China, which took place from 262 BC to 260 BC at Changping (northwest of present-day Gaoping, Shanxi province), between the two strongest military powers, the State of Qin and the State of Zhao. After a bitter two-year stalemate, the battle ended in a decisive victory for Qin forces and the ruthless execution of most of the Zhao captives, resulting in an unrecoverable loss of manpower and strategic reserve for the Zhao state.

This battle is infamous for being one of the bloodiest battles in human history, also sometimes considered  one of the bloodiest battles of antiquity , due to the fact that several hundred thousand soldiers were buried alive. The main historical records for the events of this period is sourced from the Records of the Grand Historian, written more than a century later, which estimated roughly 450,000 dead on the Zhao side and 250,000 dead on the Qin side. Emperor Xuanzong of Tang (685–762) later built a temple over a collection of some of the human remains, and scattered bones and mass graves continue to be discovered on the site.

Prelude
In 265 BC, Qin attacked the State of Han and captured Qinyang, which effectly cut off Han's Shangdang Commandery (in modern-day Changzhi, Shanxi province) from its southern heartland (in modern western Henan), making Shangdang an isolated northern exclave. Within the following years, the Qin army further isolated Shangdang from Han by capturing the crucial mountain passes and fortresses across the Taihang Mountains, and Shangdang was poised to fall.

Rather than seeing Shangdang being taken by Qin, Shangdang's governing commander, Feng Ting, decided to offer the region to Zhao. Shangdang was a productive and strategically important region just west of Zhao's capital Handan, and its capture would allow Qin easy incursions north and west into Zhao territory, so King Xiaocheng of Zhao (趙孝成王) accepted and dispatched senior general Lian Po to lead an army and secure the region from the encroaching Qin.

Early skirmishes
In 262 BC, the Qin army, led by Wang He, invaded Shangdang, and Feng Ting had to evacuate the commandery. The Zhao army also mobilized, and after arriving at the front line, Lian Po set up three defensive lines pivoted south of Changping Pass (at the border between present-day Gaoping and Zhangzi County).

In April, the Zhao army first encountered the Qin army west of Gaoping Pass (at the border between present-day Gaoping and Qinshui County, Shanxi) on Lian Po's first defensive line, and suffered several defeats during initial confrontations with the Qin vanguards. The Qin army killed the Zhao commander in Gaoping and quickly capitalized on the momentum of these successes, capturing Gaoping Pass as well as three other Zhao strongholds nearby, and the first defensive line collapsed. Having assessed the enemy's strength, Lian Po concluded the only way to counter the Qin offensive was to avoid field battles and hold the second defensive line along the Dan River (丹水, the largest tributary of Qin River, which traverses the present-day Gaoping city). He started focusing on further reinforcing positions on the east bank of Dan River valley using fortified ramparts built along the mountain foothills, hoping to exhaust the Qin army, as Changping was much farther away from Qin territory than Zhao and keeping the army supplied would be much more taxing to the Qin due to the more rugged and winding mountain routes in the west.

The Qin army did attempt crossing the Dan River and even once managed to breach Lian Po's second defensive line, but they did not have enough strength to exploit it and were beaten back. By July, the two sides were forced into a bitter stalemate across the river, which lasted the next two years. Both sides massively reinforced their positions, with total combatants numbering around a million in early 260 BC.

Change of Zhao strategy
While Lian Po's strategy of holding and wearing out the Qin army was working, problems started to arise back home. The Qin side were frustrated and desperate to break the stalemate, so they sent spies into Zhao and Han to spread rumors that Lian Po was too senile and cowardly to fight. King Xiaocheng of Zhao was already dissatisfied with Po's strategy of dragging out the war for so long, which was also very logistically taxing for Zhao, so he decided to replace Lian Po with Zhao Kuo, the overconfident yet untested son of the famous late general Zhao She.

According to Shiji, the young Zhao Kuo excelled in reciting military philosophies so much that his father often got flabbergasted in debates. However, on his deathbed Zhao She had told his wife to never let his son command an army, because Kuo regarded wars as easy games and treated risks with hubris rather than caution, despite having never experienced any actual battles. When Zhao Kuo was appointed general, Lady Zhao and minister Lin Xiangru tried to persuade King Xiaocheng to rescind that appointment, but their appeal failed. Lady Zhao however did manage to extract a promise from the king that the Zhao clan would not be punished if Zhao Kuo loses the war.

Upon hearing that the Zhao king fell for the rumor, the Qin secretly replaced Wang He with the renowned general Bai Qi, who was known for being brutally efficient in annihilation battles. The appointment of Bai Qi was highly classified in order to not alarm the Zhao army, and anyone who leaked the news would be punished by death.

Zhao defeated
In July 260 BC, Zhao Kuo arrived at Changping and took over command of the Zhao army. He discarded all previous defensive strategies made by his predecessor, and instead decided to take his main force north to quickly cross the Dan River and attack the left flank of the Qin army stationed along the river's west bank, hoping a decisive offense would be enough to break the Qin army. In doing so, he left most of the provisions stored at the old main camp further south along the river, which was now relatively undermanned and could not secure the elongated supply line stretched along in front of the Qin army across the river.

Unknown to Zhao Kuo, Bai Qi had anticipated his plan and responded with a maneuver that was later done by Hannibal Barca against the Romans decades later at the Battle of Cannae. Bai Qi had deliberately reduced the strength of his left flank stationed along the river, and had a line of hill fortifications further west of the river reinforced instead. When Zhao Kuo crossed the river and attacked, the Qin left flank quickly abandoned their riverside positions and withdrew back west toward the hills, drawing Zhao Kuo to chase after them. However, a Qin detachment of 25,000 men had then traversed north through the Taiyue Mountains to perform a wide left encirclement behind Zhao's third defensive line stapled around the Changping Pass, cutting off Zhao supply lines from the north. At the same time, another detachment of 5,000 light cavalry with bows and crossbows advanced on the right and crossed the Dan River to cut off communications between Zhao Kuo's new camp and their southern main depot, splitting the Zhao army into two, and Bai Qi's main force immediately followed in to secure and choke off the Dan River valley exits. These detachments eventually completed a triangular encirclement that trapped Zhao Kuo's forces around a small mountain range.

Zhao Kuo soon found his attack against the enemy left flank halted by the Qin hill fortifications, unable to make any progress. He then realized that his rear were being ambushed by the Qin cavalry and provisions were quickly running low, and was forced to abandon his offensives and pull back across the river. The Qin army then counterattacked and pursued, inflicting heavy casualties upon Zhao Kuo's retreating army. After being unable to reach the friendly forces in the south, the Zhao Kuo's army dug in on a hill and had to await relief.

However, since 295 BC, Zhao foreign policy had been dominated by opportunism, and had frequently shifted between hezong (合縱) (anti-Qin alliances) and lianheng (連橫) (pro-Qin alliances), depleting its diplomatic goodwill with other states. Therefore, as the battles in Changping unfolded, Zhao was unable to secure any help from either the State of Chu or the State of Qi. King Zhaoxiang of Qin used this opportunity to mobilize additional forces against Zhao from Henei (in modern-day Henan province), by bestowing one grade of noble rank on the population as merits and ordered a nationwide mobilization conscripting every able-bodied man over the age of 15, with the king himself personally overseeing the reserves to the Changping frontline in order to further bolster the encirclement.

With the enemy firmly trapped, Bai Qi started repeatedly launching attacks to further wear out the Zhao army and deny them any chance of escape. Zhao Kuo's improvised hill positions were besieged non-stop for 46 days, and by September, with winter nearing, his army's struggle for survival grew more desperate, with the starving Zhao soldiers slaughtering all the horses and allegedly even murdering and feeding on each other. The fighting was also so fierce that half of the Qin soldiers were killed in combat, but the exhausted and demoralized Zhao army was ultimately unsuccessful in breaking out. Zhao Kuo was eventually killed by Qin archers and crossbowmen when leading his best troops in a final attempt to breach the encirclement. With their commander dead, the remaining Zhao army gave up and surrendered.

Aftermath
Bai Qi wanted to take advantage of the victory and quickly lay siege to Handan, but guarding and feeding the large number of prisoners of war would be a huge burden, and releasing them was out of the question because the newly subdued local population was still hostile to Qin rule and these Zhao captives would likely get reconscripted or participate in revolts. As a one-off solution, Bai Qi ordered the captured Zhao soldiers all to be executed, presumably by being buried alive; only 240 of the youngest soldiers were spared and released back to Zhao to spread terror. Han dynasty historian Sima Qian stated in his chronicle (written about 150 years later) that over 450,000 Zhao soldiers were killed during and after the battle.

The following year, the Qin state carried the war into Zhao, laying siege to the Zhao capital Handan. Zhao successfully requested aid from the states of Chu and Wei, leading to a Qin defeat at the Battle of Handan which temporarily halted the Qin campaign.

Long-term, the Battle of Changping had profound consequences. Prior to the campaign, Zhao had been one of the most militarily powerful states of the Warring States and arguably the only one that could resist Qin's expansion. Instead, it never recovered from the loss of manpower at Changping. Meanwhile, three years of war had financially and domestically exhausted Qin as well, but within a decade Qin recovered to its full strength and gained complete dominance over the other states. Forty years later in 221 BC, Qin would use this dominance to conquer all the other states and unify China.

In popular culture
The defeat of Zhao Kuo, who doomed his entire army, led to the Chinese idiom "talking wars on paper", referring to someone who is great at theoretical thinking but performs poorly in practice.

The 2004 Chinese television series Changping of the War is based on the battle.

The battle also features as background to the events taking place in the manga Kingdom with the events having a direct and indirect impact on the character development of several major characters on many sides, most notably Wan Ji of Zhao, who led an army of other survivors and families of those killed in bloody and gory revenge upon Qin citizens. Wang He, the other general, was divided into two different generals, Wang Qi, and Wang He, the former fought on Changping.

Changping is also a major plot point in The Legend of Haolan. The catastrophe and chaos in the state of Zhao causes the main characters to flee to Qin.

title: Battle of Changping


text:
Talk:Sergei Prokofiev

Mysteriously passive voice
"In 1948, Prokofiev was attacked for producing 'anti-democratic formalism'."

You don't say. By whom? Or do we want to avoid saying?

LewisChessman (talk) 03:17, 20 July 2021 (UTC)

Prokofiev's ethnicity?
Considering the Russian invasion of Ukraine, is it accurate to describe Prokofiev as a "Russian" composer? Honest question, not trying to revise things if that is true.

He was born in Ukraine, but was he ethnically Russian or Ukrainian? I think it's important to be accurate here for the sake of not inadvertently supporting cultural erasure.

Even if he was ethnically Russian, he was born in Ukraine, so it seems fair to list him in the "Ukrainian Composers" category. Modern Ukraine is not an ethnostate. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Boringalias (talk • contribs) 19:29, 3 March 2022 (UTC)

 * Prokofiev was born in what was then a part of the Russian Empire and was legally a Russian citizen; he remained one until his death (a Soviet Russian, anyway). Denoting him as a "Ukrainian" would be as anachronistic as denoting Immanuel Kant a "Russian" because he happened to be born in a city that is today part of Russia. Discourse about Prokofiev during his life and long after referred to him exclusively as a Russian composer. For example, Alfred Schnittke, himself a Russian-born multiethnic artist, referred to Prokofiev as "the greatest Russian composer of the time" ("On Prokofiev" in A Schnittke Reader, p. 62). Prokofiev's second wife Mira Mendelson makes no mention of him being "Ukrainian" in her memoirs and diaries. (Interestingly enough, Mendelson herself was born in Ukraine.) Simon Morrison wrote that the Kremlin viewed Prokofiev as "an ambassador-at-large of Russian (Soviet) culture" (The People's Artist: Prokofiev's Soviet Years, pg. 1). I don't believe Prokofiev himself identified as Ukrainian or identified closely with its culture; neither did his parents, apparently. —CurryTime7-24 (talk) 01:24, 5 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Is it not possible to at least call him Soviet-Russian composer? 95.118.62.132 (talk) 23:38, 9 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Unlike Shostakovich, for whom a similarly worded compromise was included in the lead of his article (“Soviet-era Russian composer”), a significant portion of Prokofiev’s professional career occurred before the Soviet Union existed. After the October Revolution, he spent the next 19 years in exile, first in the United States, then later in Europe. Altogether these total 27 years, versus the 17 he spent in the Soviet Union. Therefore, “Soviet-Russian” or some such would not be an accurate designation for Prokofiev. It’s also a bit of a mouthful and potentially confusing. Other editors may feel differently, of course. —CurryTime7-24 (talk) 01:51, 10 March 2022 (UTC)

Ukrainian vs Russian
He was born in Ukraini. How come that in the text say that he was Russian? 89.152.100.251 (talk) 22:20, 7 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Because as I explained to the previous editor above, Prokofiev was born in what was then a part of the Russian Empire; thus, he was legally a Russian citizen and remained one until his death. Ukraine at the time of his birth was not independent and its status as a constituent part of the Russian Empire was not disputed. In addition, Prokofiev, while late in life expressing several times the desire to see his birthplace again, neither seemed to personally identify as Ukrainian nor identified with its culture. His parents, too, seemed to identify more as Russians; among the languages that he learned at home, Ukrainian is not documented to be one of them. —CurryTime7-24 (talk) 01:43, 8 March 2022 (UTC)
 * When he was born, the Ukraine as a country would not exist for another 100 years. I doubt that he could even speak Ukrainian. He lived in Russia, the United States, France, and the Soviet Union, but never in Ukraine 2A02:AA10:D242:A080:811A:138A:9F84:6B0A (talk) 22:50, 22 April 2023 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 28 March 2022
Projofiev is NOT a russian composerget your facts straight Projofiev was born as ukrainian i know very well you will ignore this fact and continue w russian — but the truth is Prokofiev was ukrainian/ american composer having studied in russia Now who is right you are me? The history books got it wrong which is no big surprise to me paul kenner louisiana 2600:8807:4801:C900:7900:674:B1B6:16AC (talk) 00:35, 28 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 00:42, 28 March 2022 (UTC)

Why is there no Infobox?
Hello, why is there no Infobox about this great composer? What are the issues? Er nesto (talk) 20:18, 22 May 2022 (UTC)

 * Please read this for more details on the infobox issue. —CurryTime7-24 (talk) 22:07, 22 May 2022 (UTC)

Still born in present-day Ukraine.
Regardless of Curry's insistence, it's only reasonable to say Russian composer born in present-day Ukraine 76.11.2.233 (talk) 21:28, 19 June 2022 (UTC)

 * And how is this relevant to his notability? Mellk (talk) 21:34, 19 June 2022 (UTC)
 * @Mellk it's relevant to historical accuracy 2600:100E:B076:B036:7534:3D45:2FAF:E408 (talk) 18:55, 4 August 2022 (UTC)
 * There are guidelines on this, see MOS:ETHNICITY. Mellk (talk) 21:34, 4 August 2022 (UTC)
 * So he was Ukrainian 2A00:23C6:9C52:B301:F1BB:AC11:64D:A8F8 (talk) 21:31, 14 August 2023 (UTC)

Owning the subject
It's clear that a single 'editor' has decided to monopolise the subject of Prokofiev's nationality and won't tolerate the slightest compromise on his insistence that the composer was ONLY Russian and not also Ukrainian. By that measure, the early Americans of the late 18th century would be British and not American (admittedly some of them did think that, though most didn't). Ukraine means lower border lands and the Rus started in Kiev, not Moscow. If anything, Ukraine has precedence in the nationality parade. 86.140.171.159 (talk) 01:59, 28 September 2022 (UTC)

 * My only concern here is to chronicle history accurately for readers. Boris Lyatoshinsky, for example, spent most of his life in the Ukraine, was deeply involved in cultivating its cultural life as something distinct from Russia, and on top of all that regularly found inspiration in Ukrainian folklore for his music. Prokofiev, aside from Semyon Kotko and his personal nostalgia for his pre-Revolutionary youth, appeared to have been little concerned with the Ukraine and its development. Nikolai Gogol often wrote about his being Ukrainian and how he felt like a foreigner among Russians in Saint Petersburg. But Prokofiev never expressed anything of the kind in his letters and diaries. The fact remains—and evidence abounds attesting to this—that not only was Prokofiev legally a Russian, then a Soviet citizen, but that he also repeatedly described himself and was described by others as Russian, and that in his final decades his life and art were deeply intertwined specifically with the cultural life of the Russian SFSR. Because the place Prokofiev was born in happens to no longer be Russian does not mean that somehow he is also no longer Russian. Maybe you think that Garibaldi is a French national hero? —CurryTime7-24 (talk) 03:06, 28 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Admittedly Prokofiev was born in an area that was Russian speaking, but that has always been contested as part of Ukraine. This is also true of many areas in Eastern Europe where Russian speaking minorities coexist within small countries desperate to remain independent of Russia. I am British by nationality but I am also English by ethnicity. Similarly, in the same way Prokofiev may have been Russian by nationality but Ukrainian by ethnicity. Like Prokofiev, I can incorporate both and would not insist on an autistic and pedantic definition of either, and certainly not to the point where I was threatening other 'editors' with a block if they didn't agree with me. 2A00:23C5:DA1D:9301:61F9:D82:C86C:F9C6 (talk) 09:38, 28 September 2022 (UTC)
 * The key word is "may." He may have been what you purport he was, but unless you can provide evidence from a reputable source confirming that, it will remain an unverifiable fringe opinion. You can lob personal insults against me to your heart’s delight, but that will not change the fact that Prokofiev was Russian by nationality and ethnicity. As frustrating as it may be for you, Wikipedia is not a place to settle nationalistic scores or to crusade against perceived historical injustices. —CurryTime7-24 (talk) 13:49, 28 September 2022 (UTC)
 * This is simply self righteous blather and bluster. What verifiable sources do you need for knowing where the man was born for goodness sake? In what way is being born in Ukraine an unverified fringe opinion? He either was or wasn't. Nationalism and the current conflict in Ukraine has nothing to do with Prokofiev's birthplace. Please do not threaten other contributors with blocking or you will be reported to Wikipedia. 2A00:23C5:DA1D:9301:9D85:A09C:B819:8B1C (talk) 14:05, 28 September 2022 (UTC)
 * According to your logic, E. T. A. Hoffmann, Otto Nicolai, and Frederick I of Prussia would all be "Russian," not German. Again, whether we like it or not, the facts confirm Prokofiev was Russian and was born in a territory that was Russia at the time.
 * A passage from Leon Botstein's essay "Beyond Death and Evil: Prokofiev's Spirituality and Christian Science" in Sergey Prokofiev and his World  (pp. 532–533) is worth quoting from:
 * "Prokofiev’s status as a Russian patriot—the manner in which he considered himself distinctly Russian—is confirmed and clarified by [his] diaries. […] At the same time, Prokofiev possessed his own enormous nostalgia for pre-1917 St. Petersburg and a concomitant sense of Russia's imperial destiny and grandeur. In his trips to Russia in 1927 and 1929, Prokofiev responded more to the continuities than to the changes. He felt overwhelmingly attached to the Russian urban landscape and the mores of his contemporaries in the intelligentsia."
 * However we may personally feel about it today, Prokofiev saw himself as Russian. His return to his native country in 1936—settling in the Russian SFSR instead of the Ukrainian SSR—speaks for itself. —CurryTime7-24 (talk) 15:30, 28 September 2022 (UTC)
 * Perhaps we got off on the wrong foot, so to speak, and I appreciate now that the warning messages over editing were probably AI generated and not necessarily indicative of personal rudeness and hostility to differing opinions? Your argument is well resourced and quoted, though of course ALL opinions, including those of the references we quote, are subjective. Our differences it would seem are purely temporal and are premised upon how a person may or may not have viewed himself in his lifetime. The only addition I would make is that Ukrainian nationhood has a proud separate history that goes back over a millennium and that Mr Sergei Prokofiev would have been aware of this. Even the present number one enemy of Muscovy, Mr Volodymyr Zelensky, is ethnically Russian and speaks Russian as his first language, even though he is VERY much Ukrainian. I would put Prokofiev in the same category. 2A00:23C5:DA1D:9301:9D85:A09C:B819:8B1C (talk) 16:06, 28 September 2022 (UTC)
 * 2A00:23C5:DA1D:9301:9D85:A09C:B819:8B1C, please demonstrate that the majority of reliable secondary sources describe Prokofiev as a "Ukro-Russian composer" or "Ukrainian composer", otherwise stop wasting the time of others. This talkpage is NOTAFORUM.  Aza24  (talk)   07:36, 30 September 2022 (UTC)
 * If you dont want me 'wasting' time then please learn how to be polite. If people think my questions are a waste of time, then why are they so pedantic on insisting on their own viewpoints with regard to Prokofiev's origins and constantly trying to change the page to fit their view? If this talkpage is not a forum then what is a 'talkpage' for goodness sake? 2A00:23C5:DA1D:9301:D123:1AB6:5C09:FFA (talk) 20:52, 2 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Zelensky is not even ethnically Russian. Where did you get that from? And that is a really bad comparison because Zelensky actually is a Ukrainian national. Mellk (talk) 00:16, 14 October 2022 (UTC)

Subject of nationality
Nationality needs to be discussed as consensus hasn't been reached and no one editor is entitled to railroad that consensus. The following link is useful in determining the redefinition now being discussed.

https://www.newyorker.com/culture/cultural-comment/listening-to-russian-music-in-putins-shadow Historicallibrarian (talk) 23:19, 13 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Did you read the article? There is no "redefinition". Mellk (talk) 00:12, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Yes I did read the article and 'redefinition' is simply my word to explain it, and not a pedantic device to insist on my view. As I have said, if any self appointed 'editor' can present evidence of their accredited specialisation, then I will stand corrected with enthusiasm. Historicallibrarian (talk) 15:16, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
 * It actually is your pedantic device to insist upon your personal view. Evidence abounds as to Prokofiev's nationality in the lead. We had this discussion before. (I assume you were formerly the IP editor that expressed themselves in similar fashion on this point.) Evidence has already been provided. If you can find verifiable evidence that Prokofiev was an ethnic Ukrainian and a citizen of an independent Ukraine upon his birth in 1891, please do share it here. —CurryTime7-24 (talk) 16:26, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
 * This is classic 'whataboutism'. Evidence has not been provided and the scraps you give are merely the opinions of writers you quote. Its clear from your obsessive responses that you feel that you own this subject. I just feel sorry for anyone else who tries to have input! Such is the danger of wikipedia and its army of basement bedroom 'editors'. Historicallibrarian (talk) 16:30, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
 * This is sourced in the article, I am not sure why you are asking for some kind of evidence, it is not even a controversial claim. I am also not sure how that is a "whataboutism". The guideline is MOS:ETHNICITY. Was he of Ukrainian ethnicity, citizenship, or was his birthplace that is now modern-day Ukraine relevant to his notability? Not at all. Mellk (talk) 16:58, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Have it your way! Like Curry Talk you no doubt regard the subject of Prokofiev as your sole right of possession. 86.128.96.25 (talk) 16:59, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
 * It is not my way. This is what the sources say and is also according to WP policies. Mellk (talk) 18:02, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
 * No doubt policies you interpret to fit your assertions! Lets just leave it now as we will never agree. Historicallibrarian (talk) 18:03, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
 * To start off, you need to show that majority of sources call him a Ukrainian. Then this can be properly discussed. Mellk (talk) 18:08, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
 * I tried that initially to no avail. Discussion it seems comes after a decision by two 'editors' in particular to effectively lock the editing process in favour of their assertions. 86.128.96.25 (talk) 18:12, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Not really, from what I can see, you gave one source (more of an opinion article) that describes as Ukrainian but in an "anachronistic" sense. Mellk (talk) 18:17, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Yes but I have discussed this here before without the benefit of an account. Your accomplice 'CurryTime7-24' noted this. My so called 'opinion article' is no more or less valid than the sources listed here on this page. What is any article, if not an opinion piece? Historicallibrarian (talk) 18:20, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
 * If you are going to describe another editor as an "accomplice", you may want to review WP:NPA. Mellk (talk) 18:27, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Im afraid that's a bit rich coming from you, but accomplice seems like a perfectly reasonable word in view of the situation. Directing me to volumes of wikipedia code is meaningless. Historicallibrarian (talk) 18:55, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Got it, you are just a time waster. Mellk (talk) 05:45, 15 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Perhaps you ought to look at WP:NPA as now who is resorting to unpleasantness? Historicallibrarian (talk) 08:14, 15 October 2022 (UTC)
 * You simply are a person who thinks he owns the subject and won't tolerate dissension and resorts to rudeness when you can't get your own way. Historicallibrarian (talk) 08:17, 15 October 2022 (UTC)
 * His nationality was Russian; he was born in the Russian Empire, which makes him a Russian citizen. Please consult the sources in the lead for more information. "Consensus" won't change historical fact. Has consensus determined whether Aram Khachaturian was Georgian instead of Soviet and Armenian yet? —CurryTime7-24 (talk) 05:34, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
 * No but it is you who insists on 'consensus'. Im happy to leave the subject alone and will humbly stand corrected if you can demonstrate some professional credentialisation on this subject? Historicallibrarian (talk) 15:14, 14 October 2022 (UTC)
 * Aram Khachaturian was both Georgian and Armenian! Soviet is a political appellation and not an ethnicity. Historicallibrarian (talk) 15:24, 14 October 2022 (UTC)

 * I stumbled on this discussion by chance. I have some sympathy with Historicallibrarian’s position. The facts aren’t in dispute – the argument is about policy, i.e. what nationality to ascribe to someone who lived when national boundaries were not what they are now. Wikipedia needs to be truthful, unbiased and consistent; “reliable” references written before the breakup of the Soviet Union really don’t help. Florian Leopold Gassmann seems to be an analogous case. I assume that by Currytime’s reasoning he would be described as “Austro-Hungarian”, but he’s actually described as “a German-speaking Bohemian composer”. Even so, I think it might be more misleading to describe Prokofiev as Ukrainian than as Russian, so I’d be inclined to leave the article as it is, but delete the 3 references in support of Prokofiev’s Russianness because they give an air of dogmatism to a rather tenuous claim. Colin.champion (talk) 14:36, 13 December 2022 (UTC)
 * Gassmann isn't analogous at all. He was Bohemian. Moreover, the Kingdom of Bohemia was formally independent during his lifetime. It was in a personal, not a real union with the Holy Roman Empire (not Austria-Hungary, which did not exist until nearly a century after Gassmann's death). An analogous situation would be if there were suddenly a push to recognize him as Czech, despite the Czech Republic not existing during his lifetime and lack of evidence confirming that he personally identified as "Czech".
 * Interestingly enough, I was thinking about this issue the other day when I was reading about Prokofiev's nomination for the 1941 Stalin Prize. According to Marina Frolova-Walker, Prokofiev's Alexander Nevsky made the short list during the second and third round of nominations, being demoted to the second-class nominees in the latter. When the short list was drawn up after the fourth round of nomination discussions, the work was removed in favor of Ukrainian composer Levko Revutsky's Symphony No. 2. The rationale given for this by Chairman of the Committee on Arts Affairs Mikhail Khrapchenko was that there had been a lack of representation from "national" (i.e. non-Russian) composers. The final list of second-class nominees were all from outside the RSFSR. The outcome disappointed Prokofiev and while he tried to reverse it, it is telling that he did not do so based on the idea that he himself was a "national" (i.e. Ukrainian or non-Russian) composer. Shortly thereafter, Nikolai Myaskovsky made a speech to the Union of Composers of the RSFSR defending Prokofiev, wherein he described his music as being part of the "Russian classics". (Stalin's Music Prize: Soviet Culture and Politics, pp. 46–60, 63–67) — CurryTime7-24 (talk) 16:17, 13 December 2022 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 23:37, 7 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Prokofiev shostakovich khachaturian.jpg

Birthday priority?
The Reddit thread linked (when read in full) illustrates a good argument for changing which of Prokofiev's two birthdays (or pairs of birthdays with OS) this article should consider the principal one (see note 2 below the article). We are currently in disagreement with the Encyclopædia Britannica, because of citation 6, an entry in a "concise" 1990s dictionary - potentially overestimating the trustworthiness of birth certificates and underestimating the importance of Prokofiev's own view of his birthday. PurpleQuaver (talk) 01:20, 25 April 2023 (UTC)

 * The argument made there appears to be that certificates can be wrong. One's own beliefs can also be wrong. That doesn't seem to be a strong reason to change what's here. What is the balance of sourcing for the two possible dates? Nikkimaria (talk) 04:01, 25 April 2023 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 27 April 2023
Prokofiev was born on 23th of april, not 27th. Fix it please. Glebushko0703 (talk) 14:39, 27 April 2023 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made.  — Paper9oll  (🔔 • 📝)  15:45, 27 April 2023 (UTC)

Featured picture scheduled for POTD
Hello! This is to let editors know that File:Prokofieff (i.e. Prokofiev) LCCN2014708419 Crop 2.jpg, a featured picture used in this article, has been selected as the English Wikipedia's picture of the day (POTD) for July 25, 2023. A preview of the POTD can be edited at Template:POTD/2023-07-25. For the greater benefit of readers, any potential improvements or maintenance that could benefit the quality of this article should be done before its scheduled appearance on the Main Page. If you have any concerns, please place a message at Wikipedia talk:Picture of the day. Thank you! Aviafanboi (talk) 02:34, 15 July 2023 (UTC)

Golan v. Holder
Does Golan v. Holder still apply to Prokofiev's works? As he died 70 years ago last year are his works now public domain? 2A02:A46A:2C29:1:95E3:C2DB:2C39:2D60 (talk) 01:40, 7 January 2024 (UTC)

Name
I think that the Ukrainian name of Sergei could be added. For example, in the article Leonid Brezhnev, even he self-described himself as a Russian, there's also a Ukrainian name added which probably is because he was born in Ukraine. PoisonHK ✉ Sapiens dominabitur astris 16:01, 9 March 2024 (UTC)

According to the sources in the article, SSP's parents were ethnic Russians. At the time of his birth, the region he was born was a legally recognized part of Russia and often referred to as such. Moreover, although SSP referred to himself at times as a "guy from the Steppes", he neither ever proclaimed himself to be of Ukrainian ethnicity nor did he ever claim to speak the language. To the best of my knowledge, there is no testimony from friends, colleagues, etc. that confirm he spoke Ukrainian. Because of that, the transcription of SSP's name in Ukrainian Cyrillic that added a short while ago may be anachronistic. For what it's worth, their user page may suggest that this might be a WP:NOTADVOCACY matter. —CurryTime7-24 (talk) 16:06, 9 March 2024 (UTC)

 * I can't explain the rationale for the Brezhnev edit. It has no bearing here any way per WP:OTHERSTUFF. —CurryTime7-24 (talk) 16:08, 9 March 2024 (UTC)
 * About your claim of "he was born was a legally recognized part of Russia and often referred to as such", I just want you to clarify did you mean the Russian Empire, or the modern Russian State. PoisonHK ✉ Sapiens dominabitur astris 16:18, 9 March 2024 (UTC)
 * At the time, SSP's birthplace was Russia. In 1936, he chose to repatriate to the RSFSR rather than the Ukrainian SSR. It's worth noting that in 1940 when he was first nominated for a Stalin Prize, the jury dropped him after the first round because there were too many Russians nominated and not enough "national" composers. Instead, the switched him out with Levko Revutsky, precisely because he was Ukrainian, whereas Prokofiev was not. —CurryTime7-24 (talk) 16:31, 9 March 2024 (UTC)
 * I think my argument of Brezhnev doesn't comply to WP:OTHERSTUFF since Brezhnev's article is a GA. Moreover, SSP was born in modern Ukrainian borders. In fact, many articles of anti-Ukrainian people or Russians born in modern Ukrainian borders got a Ukrainian name just like Brezhnev. PoisonHK ✉ Sapiens dominabitur astris 16:44, 9 March 2024 (UTC)
 * According to that logic, Brezhnev's Ukrainian name should be dropped from his article because SSP's article, which is also GA, does not include one. For that matter, why not add Russian Cyrillic to Immanuel Kant's article, since its subject was born in a city now part of Russia? Anyway, this is a discussion about SSP, not other people. There is no evidence that he ever used a Ukrainian name. He was not an ethnic Ukrainian, there is no evidence that he spoke Ukrainian, and his first Stalin Prize nomination failed because he was not Ukrainian. —CurryTime7-24 (talk) 17:15, 9 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Yes, Immanuel Kant's article shouldn't have a Russian native name, that's because Kaliningrad was never a Russian city before WW2. In this case, Sergei was born in a formerly majority Ukrainian-speaking region (before the Holodomor during 1932-33 fyi), that's why I do think the name should be added. PoisonHK ✉ Sapiens dominabitur astris 17:47, 9 March 2024 (UTC)

Pronunciation and Brthday
I believe that what appears as superscripts [n 2] and [n 3] should appear in the article body, [n 2] for consistency with multiple other articles that show pronunciation info in-line, and [n 3] because it can interest people to know about his birthday.

I'm not experienced enough to do the editing myself.

[n 2] /prəˈkɒfiɛf, proʊ-, -ˈkɔː-, -ˈkoʊ-, -jɛf, -jɛv, -iəf/; Russian: Сергей Сергеевич Прокофьев, tr. Sergey Sergeyevich Prokofiev, IPA: [sʲɪˈrɡʲej sʲɪˈrɡʲe(j)ɪvʲɪtɕ prɐˈkofʲjɪf] ⓘ; alternative transliterations of his name include Sergey or Serge, and Prokofief, Prokofieff, or Prokofyev. In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customs, the patronymic is Sergeyevich and the family name is Prokofiev

[n 3] While Sergei Prokofiev himself believed 11/23 April to be his birth date, the posthumous discovery of his birth certificate showed that he was actually born four days later, on 15/27 April. AK2022 (talk) 12:21, 25 April 2024 (UTC)

 * I agree with you, but it seems there must have been some consensus to indicate this information in superscripts. At least, I gather that from a number of articles that make similar use of superscripts (e.g. Dmitri Shostakovich, Vladimir Horowitz, Igor Stravinsky). —CurryTime7-24 (talk) 20:55, 26 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sergei Prokofiev