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Het Parool

Het Parool is an Amsterdam-based daily newspaper. It was first published on 10 February 1941 as a resistance paper during the German occupation of the Netherlands (1940–1945). In English, its name means The Password or The Motto.

Second World War
The paper was preceded by a stenciled newsletter which was started in May 1940 by Frans Goedhart. In late 1940, Wim van Norden joined the group of producers of the newsletter; Van Norden would later serve as director of the newspaper between 1945 and 1979. Jaap Nunes Vaz also became involved with the newspaper. In 1944, the paper, albeit illegal and vigorously persecuted, reached a circulation of approximately 100,000, and it was distributed by the Dutch resistance. Other important contributors were Simon Carmiggelt and Max Nord, who lived with Van Norden and their families on the Reguliersgracht, in the headquarters of the paper, which was never discovered by the German occupiers.

Numerous staff were apprehended and killed by the Germans and their Dutch collaborators. Alphons Meeuwis who distributed the paper was arrested in 1941 and sent to various camps. Nunes Vaz was arrested by the Gestapo on 25 October 1942 and sent to Sobibor concentration camp.

Postwar

After the war, Het Parool quickly became one of the largest newspapers in the Netherlands, partly because much of the population appreciated it for being the most prolific resistance paper and partly because newspapers that had collaborated with the German occupier were banned from publication.

Apart from its main publication, Het Parool published magazines and local newspapers in the Netherlands. A string of locally-based newspapers appeared alongside Het Parool, including Het Rotterdamsch Parool (1947–1971), Nieuw Utrechtsch Dagblad, Haagsch Dagblad, and Het Flevoparool (1982–1988). These local publications were all discontinued in the late sixties, early seventies, or (in the case of Het Flevoparool) eighties.

Readership reached its peak in the mid-1960s with a subscription of over 400,000, making it the second-biggest newspaper in the Netherlands at that time. In the latter part of the 1960s, the newspaper, under conservative editor in chief Herman Sandberg, vehemently supported the Vietnam War, which alienated a substantial part of Het Parool's majority liberal and left-wing readership. This started a steady decline in subscriptions and circulation, which persisted for almost four decades.

Perscombinatie and PCM
In 1968 Het Parool started the publishing company Perscombinatie (English: Press Combination) with competitor De Volkskrant, mainly to join investment in new printing presses. In 1973 Trouw, also a former resistance paper, joined the corporation.

At the start of Perscombinatie, Het Parool was the leading paper, but due to its declining circulation, De Volkskrant took over the prime role within the company starting in the early eighties, although the owner of the Het Parool, Stichting Het Parool (English: The Parool Foundation) remained the majority shareholder, with 57 percent of the shares of Perscombinatie. After Stichting Het Parool merged with book publisher Meulenhoff, the two formed Perscombinatie and Meulenhoff & Company (PCM). By 1992, PCM was the biggest publisher in the Netherlands; in 1995, PCM took over fellow Nederlandse Dagbladunie, publisher of daily newspapers NRC Handelsblad and Algemeen Dagblad.

Termination and restart
In the 1990s, Het Parool started turning a loss, due to stiff competition and a lack of investment by PCM. The paper tried several different programs to counter this (including a move toward being a local Amsterdam newspaper in 1997), but these showed few results. In 2002, PCM announced termination of the paper, citing substantial losses and declining readership.

But instead, majority shareholder Stichting Het Parool opted for a management bailout of the newspaper, in effect terminating its ownership of PCM in return for the rights to publish Het Parool. The bailout took effect on 1 January 2003. PCM was subsequently acquired by British-based investment group Apax Partners, which led to substantial debts and significant problems for the company.

De Persgroep and DPG Media
To strengthen this new ownership base, De Persgroep, the biggest newspaper publisher in Belgium, was asked to take a substantial minority share in the setup, alongside minority participation by both staff and readers. As a stand-alone newspaper, Het Parool remained national, yet with a focus on its Amsterdam home base.

In the new configuration, and after a collective layoff of 43 staff, Het Parool returned to profit within a year. On 30 March 2003. Het Parool became the first newspaper in the Netherlands to switch from broadsheet to tabloid format, a move which since has been followed by all other major and local newspapers in the country. In a declining market, Het Parool was one of the few daily newspapers in the Netherlands able to expand its readership every year until 2011. It has turned a profit every year since its bailout.

For Belgium-based De Persgroep, Het Parool served as a first foothold in the Netherlands, leading to the acquisition of a majority of the struggling PCM in 2009. In 2011, Het Parool was re-absorbed by PCM, which was renamed De Persgroep Nederland. Former Stichting Het Parool management began to run the company, closely re-establishing the Perscombinatie-situation of the 1970s.

Between 2001 and 2011, Het Parool operated its own theatre as a forum for debate and culture.

In February 2012, Het Parool acquired Amsterdam-based commercial television station AT5 with public broadcaster AVRO and regional TV station RTV Noord-Holland to form a new multimedia corporation, which will also include online activities of both Parool and AT5, within De Persgroep.

Organization and subscription

Het Parool has a staff of 73, who are based at the City desk, Arts and Media, Sports, Foreign, and Business desks. The paper consists of a news section and a daily, themed magazine called PS. On weekends, a glossy, PS van de Week, is published alongside the newspaper. The current editor in chief is Kamilla Leupen. Het Parool is affiliated with Algemeen Dagblad— the papers share a Politics desk — and Trouw.

Its daily circulation, through subscription, was 64,403 in 2013. Street sales circulate approximately 20,000 and substantially more on weekends. Het Parool has the largest circulation in the Amsterdam conurbation. The editorial office is based in the city centre of Amsterdam, with an annex in The Hague.

Layout and typeface
Het Parool was restyled twice by Mario Garcia: in 2004 (when it became a tabloid), and in 2008. Het Parool was voted best designed newspaper by the European Newspaper Award twice, in 2004 and again in 2016, after another redesign by Jacek Utko commemorating the paper's 75th birthday.

Until 2008 the newspaper used the typeface Swift from Gerard Unger. In 2008 the newspaper was restyled and uses the Meta Serif from Erik Spiekermann and the Strada from Pinggera for the headings.

title: Het Parool


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William Norton

William Joseph Norton (2 November 1900 – 4 December 1963) was an Irish Labour Party politician who served as Tánaiste from 1948 to 1951 and from 1954 to 1957, Leader of the Labour Party from 1932 to 1960, Minister for Social Welfare from 1948 to 1951 and Minister for Industry and Commerce from 1954 to 1957. He was a Teachta Dála (TD) from 1926 to 1927 and from 1932 to 1961.

Norton was born in Dublin in 1900. He joined the postal service in 1916. By 1920, he was a prominent member of the Irish Postal Union and the wider trade union movement in Ireland. From 1924 to 1957, he served as Secretary of the Post Office Workers' Union.

He was elected as a Labour Party TD for Dublin County at a by-election in 1926, but was defeated at the June 1927 general election. On constitutional matters, Norton opposed the introduction into force of the Executive Authority (External Relations) Act 1936 which continued a role for the British King after the King was removed from the Constitution of Ireland. In Norton’s view, the association with the British King should have ended when Edward VIII “voluntarily relinquished his objectionable role here”.

In Professor Tom Garvin's review of the 1950s 'News from a New Republic', he comes in for praise as a moderniser. Garvin places him with a cross party group including Gerard Sweetman and Daniel Morrissey of Fine Gael as well as Seán Lemass of Fianna Fáil who were pushing a modernising agenda. He represented Kildare from 1932 until his death in 1963.

In 1932, he became leader of the Labour Party. In the First Inter-Party Government from 1948 to 1951, Norton became Tánaiste and Minister for Social Welfare. In the Second Inter-Party Government from 1954 to 1957, Norton served as Tánaiste and Minister for Industry and Commerce.

William Norton died in Dublin in 1963. His son Patrick Norton served as a TD for Kildare from 1965 to 1969.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: William Norton


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Restorationism

Restorationism, also known as Restitutionism or Christian primitivism, is a religious perspective according to which the early beliefs and practices of the followers of Jesus were either lost or adulterated after his death and required a "restoration". It is a view that often "seeks to correct faults or deficiencies (in other branches of Christianity) by appealing to the primitive church as normative model".

Efforts to restore an earlier, purer form of Christianity are frequently a response to denominationalism. As Rubel Shelly put it, "the motive behind all restoration movements is to tear down the walls of separation by a return to the practice of the original, essential and universal features of the Christian religion." Different groups have tried to implement the restorationist vision in a variety of ways; for instance, some have focused on the structure and practice of the church, others on the ethical life of the church, and others on the direct experience of the Holy Spirit in the life of the believer. The relative importance given to the restoration ideal, and the extent to which the full restoration of the early church is believed to have been achieved, also varies among groups.

More narrowly, the term "Restorationism" is used as a descriptive term for unrelated Restorationist groups which were formed during the eras of the Great Awakenings, such as the Christadelphians (Greek: 'Brothers of Christ'), Swedenborgians (i.e., The New Church), Irvingians (the largest of which is the New Apostolic Church), Latter Day Saints (i.e., Mormonism), Jehovah's Witnesses (from the tetragrammaton for God), La Luz del Mundo (Spanish: 'the Light of the World'), and Iglesia ni Cristo (Tagalog: 'Church of Christ'). In this sense, Restorationism has been regarded as one of the six taxonomic groupings of Christianity: the Church of the East, Oriental Orthodoxy, Eastern Orthodoxy, Roman Catholicism, Protestantism, and Restorationism. These Restorationist groups share a belief that historic Christianity lost the true faith during the Great Apostasy and that the Church needed to be restored.

The term has been used in reference to the Stone–Campbell Movement in the United States, and has been also used by more recent groups, describing their goal to re-establish Christianity in its original form, such as some anti-denominational Charismatic Restorationists, which arose in the 1970s in the United Kingdom and elsewhere.

Uses of the term
The terms restorationism, restorationist and restoration are used in several senses within Christianity. "Restorationism" in the sense of "Christian primitivism" refers to the attempt to correct perceived shortcomings of the current church by using the primitive church as a model to reconstruct early Christianity, and has also been described as "practicing church the way it is perceived to have been done in the New Testament". Restorationism is called "apostolic" as representing the form of Christianity that the Twelve Apostles followed. These themes arise early in church history, first appearing in the works of Iranaeus, and appeared in some movements during the Middle Ages. It was expressed to varying degrees in the theology of the Protestant Reformation, and Protestantism has been described as "a form of Christian restorationism, though some of its forms – for example the Churches of Christ or the Baptists – are more restorationist than others". A number of historical movements within Christianity may be described as "restoration movements", including the Glasites in Scotland and England, the independent church led by James Haldane and Robert Haldane in Scotland, the American Restoration Movement, the Landmark Baptists and the Mormons. A variety of more contemporary movements have also been described as "restorationist". Restorationism has been described as a basic component of some Pentecostal movements such as the Assemblies of God. The terms "Restorationism movement" and "Restorationist movement" have also been applied to the British New Church Movement.

Capitalized, the term is also used as a synonym for the American Restoration Movement. The term "restorationism" can also include the belief that the Jewish people must be restored to the promised land in fulfillment of biblical prophecy before the Second Coming of Christ. Christian restorationism is generally used to describe the 19th century movement based on this belief, though the term Christian Zionism is more commonly used to describe later forms. "Restorationism" is also used to describe a form of postmillennialism developed during the later half of the 20th century, which was influential among a number of charismatic groups and the British new church movement.

The term primitive, in contrast with other uses, refers to a basis in scholarship and research into the actual writings of the church fathers and other historical documents. Since written documents for the underground first-century church are sparse, the primitive church passed down its knowledge verbally. Elements of the primitive Christianity movement reject the patristic tradition of the prolific extrabiblical 2nd- and 3rd-century redaction of this knowledge (the Ante-Nicene Fathers), and instead attempt to reconstruct primitive church practices as they might have existed in the Apostolic Age. To do this, they revive practices found in the Old Testament. The term apostolic refers to a nonmainstream, often literal, apostolic succession or historical lineage tracing back to the Apostles and the Great Commission. These restorationist threads are sometimes regarded critically as being Judaizers in the Ebionite tradition.

Historical models
The restoration ideal has been interpreted and applied in a variety of ways. Four general historical models can be identified based on the aspect of early Christianity that the individuals and groups involved were attempting to restore. These are:
 * Ecclesiastical Primitivism;
 * Ethical Primitivism;
 * Experiential Primitivism; and
 * Gospel Primitivism.

Ecclesiastical primitivism focuses on restoring the ecclesiastical practices of the early church. Huldrych Zwingli, John Calvin and the Puritans all advocated ecclesiastical primitivism. The strongest advocate of ecclesiastical primitivism in the United States was Alexander Campbell.

Ethical primitivism focuses on restoring the ethical norms and commitment to discipleship of the early church. The Anabaptists, Barton W. Stone and the Holiness Movement are examples of this form of restorationism. The movement often requires observance of universal commandments, such as a biblical Sabbath as given to Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, and the Hebrew calendar to define years, seasons, weeks, and days. Circumcision, animal sacrifices, and ceremonial requirements, as practiced in Judaism, are distinguished from the Ten Commandments, Noahide laws and High Sabbaths as given to, and in effect for, all humanity. The Sermon on the Mount and particularly the Expounding of the Law warn against antinomianism, the rejection of biblical teachings concerning observance of the Law.

Experiential primitivism focuses on restoring the direct communication with God and the experience of the Holy Spirit seen in the early church. Examples include the Latter Day Saint movement of Joseph Smith and Pentecostalism.

Gospel primitivism may be best seen in the theology of Martin Luther. Luther was not, in the strictest sense, a restorationist because he saw human effort to restore the church as works righteousness and was sharply critical of other Reformation leaders who were attempting to do so. On the other hand, he was convinced that the gospel message had been obscured by the Roman Catholic Church of the time. He also rejected church traditions he considered contrary to Scripture and insisted on scripture as the sole authority for the church.

These models are not mutually exclusive, but overlap; for example, the Pentecostal movement sees a clear link between ethical primitivism and experiential primitivism.

Middle Ages
Beginning in about 1470 a succession of Popes focused on the acquisition of money, their role in Italian politics as rulers of the papal states and power politics within the college of cardinals. Restorationism at the time was centered on movements that wanted to renew the church, such as the Lollards, the Brethren of the Common Life, the Hussites, and Girolamo Savonarola's reforms in Florence.

While these pre-reformation movements did presage and sometimes discussed a break with Rome and papal authority, they also provoked restorationist movements within the church, such as the councils of Constance and Basle, which were held in the first half of the 15th century.

Preachers at the time regularly harangued delegates to these conferences regarding simony, venality, lack of chastity and celibacy, and the holding of multiple benefices. The lack of success of the restorationist movements led, arguably, to the Protestant Reformation.

Protestant Reformation

The Protestant Reformation came about through an impulse to repair the Church and return it to what the reformers saw as its original biblical structure, belief, and practice, and was motivated by a sense that "the medieval church had allowed its traditions to clutter the way to God with fees and human regulations and thus to subvert the gospel of Christ." At the heart of the Reformation was an emphasis on the principle of "scripture alone" (sola scriptura). As a result, the authority of church tradition, which had taken practical precedence over scripture, was rejected. The Reformation was not a monolithic movement, but consisted of at least three identifiable sub-currents. One was centered in Germany, one was centered in Switzerland, and the third was centered in England. While these movements shared some common concerns, each had its own particular emphasis.

The Lutheran approach can be described as one of "reformation," seeking "to reform and purify the historic, institutional church while at the same time preserving as much of the tradition as possible." The Lutheran Churches traditionally sees themselves as the "main trunk of the historical Christian Tree" founded by Christ and the Apostles, holding that during the Reformation, at the Council of Trent, the Church of Rome fell away. As such, the Augsburg Confession, the Lutheran confession of faith, teaches that "the faith as confessed by Luther and his followers is nothing new, but the true catholic faith, and that their churches represent the true catholic or universal church". When the Lutherans presented the Augsburg Confession to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, they explained "that each article of faith and practice was true first of all to Holy Scripture, and then also to the teaching of the church fathers and the councils".

In contrast, the Reformed approach can be described as one of "restoration," seeking "to restore the essence and form of the primitive church based on biblical precedent and example; tradition received scant respect." While Luther focused on the question "How can we find forgiveness of sins?", the early Reformed theologians turned to the Bible for patterns that could be used to replace traditional forms and practices. Heinrich Bullinger and Martin Bucer in particular emphasized the restoration of biblical patterns. John Calvin reflected an intermediate position between that of Luther and Reformed theologians such as Zwingli, stressing biblical precedents for church governance, but as a tool to more effectively proclaim the gospel rather than as ends in themselves.

Luther opposed efforts to restore "biblical forms and structures," because he saw human efforts to restore the church as works righteousness. He did seek the "marks of the true church," but was concerned that by focusing on forms and patterns could lead to the belief that by "restoring outward forms alone one has restored the essence." Thus, Luther believed that restoring the gospel was the first step in renewing the church, rather than restoring biblical forms and patterns. In this sense, Luther can be described as a gospel restorationist, even though his approach was very different from that of other restorationists.

Protestant groups have generally accepted history as having some "jurisdiction" in Christian faith and life; the question has been the extent of that jurisdiction. A commitment to history and primitivism are not mutually exclusive; while some groups attempt to give full jurisdiction to the primitive church, for others the apostolic "first times" are given only partial jurisdiction.

Church of England and Caroline Divines
Perhaps the most primitivist minded of the Protestant Reformation era were a group of scholars within the Church of England known as the Caroline Divines, who flourished in the 1600s during the reigns of Charles I and Charles II. They regularly appealed to the Primitive Church as the basis for their reforms. Unlike many other Christian Primitivists, the Church of the England and the Caroline Divines did not subject Scriptural interpretation to individual human reason, but rather to the hermeneutical consensus of the Church Fathers, holding to the doctrine of Prima Scriptura as opposed to Sola Scriptura. Furthermore, they did not hold to the separatist ecclesiology of many primitivist groups, but rather saw themselves as working within the historic established church to return it to its foundation in Scripture and the patristic tradition. Among the Caroline Divines were men like Archbishop William Laud, Bishop Jeremy Taylor, Deacon Nicholas Ferrar and the Little Gidding Community and others.

First Great Awakening
 Methodism

Methodism began in the 1700s as a Christian Primitivist movement within the Church of England. John Wesley and his brother Charles, the founders of the movement, were high church Anglican priests in the vein of the Caroline Divines, who had a deep respect for the Primitive Church, which they generally defined as the Church before the Council Of Nicea. Unlike many other Christian Primitivists, the Wesleys and the early Methodists did not subject Scriptural interpretation to individual human reason, but rather to the hermeneutical consensus of the Ante-Nicene Fathers, holding to a view of authority more akin to Prima Scriptura rather than Sola Scriptura. Furthermore, they did not hold to the separatist ecclesiology of many primitivist groups, but rather saw themselves as working within the historic established church to return it to its foundation in Scripture and the tradition of the pre-Nicene Church. John Wesley very regularly asserted Methodism's commitment to the Primitive Church, saying, "From a child I was taught to love and reverence the Scripture, the oracles of God; and, next to these, to esteem the primitive Fathers, the writers of the first three centuries. Next after the primitive church, I esteemed our own, the Church of England, as the most Scriptural national Church in the world." And, "Methodism, so called, is the old religion, the religion of the Bible, the religion of the primitive Church, the religion of the Church of England." On his epitaph is written, "This GREAT LIGHT arose (By the Singular providence of GOD) To enlighten THESE NATIONS, And to revive, enforce, and defend, The Pure Apostolical DOCTRINES and PRACTICES of THE PRIMITIVE CHURCH…"

 Separate Baptists During the First Great Awakening, a movement developed among the Baptists known as Separate Baptists. Two themes of this movement were the rejection of creeds and "freedom in the Spirit." The Separate Baptists saw scripture as the "perfect rule" for the church. While they turned to the Bible for a structural pattern for the church, they did not insist on complete agreement on the details of that pattern. This group originated in New England, but was especially strong in the South where the emphasis on a biblical pattern for the church grew stronger. In the last half of the 18th century it spread to the western frontier of Kentucky and Tennessee, where the Stone and Campbell movements would later take root. The development of the Separate Baptists in the southern frontier helped prepare the ground for the Restoration Movement, as the membership of both the Stone and Campbell groups drew heavily from among the ranks of the Separate Baptists. Separate Baptist restorationism also contributed to the development of the Landmark Baptists in the same area at about the same time as the Stone-Campbell Restoration Movement. Under the leadership of James Robinson Graves, this group looked for a precise blueprint for the primitive church, believing that any deviation from that blueprint would keep one from being part of the true church.

Groups arising in the era of the Second Great Awakening
The ideal of restoring a "primitive" form of Christianity grew in popularity in the United States after the American Revolution. This desire to restore a purer form of Christianity played a role in the development of many groups during this period, known as the Second Great Awakening, including the Mormons, Baptists and Shakers. Several factors made the restoration sentiment particularly appealing during this time period.
 * To immigrants in the early 19th century, the land in America seemed pristine, edenic and undefiled - "the perfect place to recover pure, uncorrupted and original Christianity" - and the tradition-bound European churches seemed out of place in this new setting.
 * The new American democracy seemed equally fresh and pure, a restoration of the kind of just government that God intended.
 * Many believed that the new nation would usher in a new millennial age.
 * Independence from the traditional churches of Europe was appealing to many Americans who were enjoying a new political independence.
 * A primitive faith based on the Bible alone promised a way to sidestep the competing claims of all the many denominations available and find assurance of being right without the security of an established national church.

Camp meetings fueled the Second Great Awakening, which served as an "organizing process" that created "a religious and educational infrastructure" across the trans-Appalachian frontier that encompassed social networks, a religious journalism that provided mass communication, and church related colleges.

American Stone-Campbell Restoration Movement
The American Restoration Movement aimed to restore the church and sought "the unification of all Christians in a single body patterned after the church of the New Testament." While the Restoration Movement developed from several independent efforts to go back to apostolic Christianity, two groups that independently developed similar approaches to the Christian faith were particularly important to its development. The first, led by Barton W. Stone began at Cane Ridge, Bourbon County, Kentucky and called themselves simply Christians. The second began in western Pennsylvania and Virginia (now West Virginia) and was led by Thomas Campbell and his son, Alexander Campbell; they used the name Disciples of Christ. The Campbell movement was characterized by a "systematic and rational reconstruction" of the early church, in contrast to the Stone movement which was characterized by radical freedom and lack of dogma. Despite their differences, the two movements agreed on several critical issues. Both saw restoring apostolic Christianity as a means of hastening the millennium. Both also saw restoring the early church as a route to Christian freedom. And, both believed that unity among Christians could be achieved by using apostolic Christianity as a model. They were united, among other things, in the belief that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God; that Christians should celebrate the Lord's Supper on the first day of each week; and that baptism of adult believers by immersion in water is a necessary condition for salvation. Because the founders wanted to abandon all denominational labels, they used the biblical names for the followers of Jesus that they found in the Bible. The commitment of both movements to restoring the early church and to uniting Christians was enough to motivate a union between many in the two movements.

With the merger, there was the challenge of what to call the new movement. Clearly, finding a biblical, non-sectarian name was important. Stone wanted to continue to use the name "Christians." Alexander Campbell insisted upon "Disciples of Christ". As a result, both names were used. The Restoration Movement began during, and was greatly influenced by, the Second Great Awakening. While the Campbells resisted what they saw as the spiritual manipulation of the camp meetings, the Southern phase of the Awakening "was an important matrix of Barton Stone's reform movement" and shaped the evangelistic techniques used by both Stone and the Campbells.

The Restoration Movement has seen several divisions, resulting in multiple separate groups. Three modern groups originating in the U.S. claim the Stone-Campbell movement as their roots: Churches of Christ, Christian churches and churches of Christ, and the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). Some see divisions in the movement as the result of the tension between the goals of restoration and ecumenism, with the churches of Christ and the Christian churches and churches of Christ resolving the tension by stressing restoration while the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) resolved the tension by stressing ecumenism. Non-U.S. churches associated with this movement include the Churches of Christ in Australia and the Evangelical Christian Church in Canada.

Christadelphians
John Thomas (April 12, 1805 – March 5, 1871), was a devout convert to the Restoration Movement after a shipwreck at sea on his emigration to America brought to focus his inadequate understanding of the Bible, and what would happen to him at death. This awareness caused him to devote his life to the study of the Bible and he promoted interpretations of it which were at variance with the mainstream Christian views the Restoration Movement held. In particular he questioned the nature of man. He held a number of debates with one of the leaders of the movement, Alexander Campbell, on these topics but eventually agreed to stop because he found the practice bestowed no further practical merits to his personal beliefs and it had the potential to create division. He later determined that salvation was dependent upon having the theology he had developed for baptism to be effective for salvation and published an "Confession and Abjuration" of his previous position on March 3, 1847. He was also rebaptised.

Following his abjuration and rebaptism he went to England on a preaching tour in June 1848 including Reformation Movement churches, Although his abjuration and his disfellowship in America were reported in the British churches magazines certain churches in the movement still allowed him to present his views. Thomas also gained a hearing in Unitarian and Adventist churches through his promotion of the concept of "independence of thought" with regards to interpreting the Bible.

Through a process of creed setting and division the Christadelphian movement emerged with a distinctive set of doctrines incorporating Adventism, anti-trinitarianism, the belief that God is a "substantial and corporeal" being, objection to military service, a lay-membership with full participation by all members, and other doctrines consistent with the spirit of the Restorationist movement. One consequence of objection to military service was the adoption of the name Christadelphians to distinguish this small community of believers and to be granted exemption from military service in the American Civil War.

Swedenborgians
The New Church was founded on the basis of the theology of Emanuel Swedenborg. As such, it is often known as the Swedenborgian Church. The New Church's view of God is that "Jesus is God incarnate, not (as certain interpretations of the traditional Christian trinity contend) an emanation of the Godhead." The New Church propounds the doctrine of Correspondence, which teaches that "Every word or fact of the Bible corresponded to a spiritual truth or mystical truth." Additionally, The New Church teaches that "Objects in the physical world have spiritual correspondences."

Irvingians
The Catholic Apostolic Church (Irvingian Church) was founded according to the theology of Edward Irving (1792–1834), who taught that "God could work miracles in His Church as easily now as two thousand years ago." Belonging to the Restorationist branch of Christianity, the Irvingian Churches teach that they "exercise the charismata of the Apostolic age". The church was organised in 1835 with the fourfold ministry of "apostles, prophets, evangelists, and pastors." As a result of schism within the Catholic Apostolic Church, other Irvingian Christian denominations emerged, including the Old Apostolic Church, New Apostolic Church, Reformed Old Apostolic Church and United Apostolic Church; of these, the New Apostolic Church is the largest Irvingian Christian denomination today, with 16 million members. Irvingianism, possessing elaborate liturgies, teaches three sacraments: Baptism, Holy Communion and Holy Sealing.

Latter Day Saint movement
Adherents to the Latter Day Saint movement believe that founder Joseph Smith was a prophet of God, chosen to restore the primitive, apostolic church established by Jesus. Like other restorationist groups, members believe that the church and priesthood established by Jesus were withdrawn from the Earth after the end of the apostolic age and before the First Council of Nicaea in 325. Unlike other reformers, who based their movements on their own interpretations of the Bible, Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery held that they were visited by John the Baptist to receive the Aaronic Priesthood. This restoration authorized members to receive revelation from God in order to restore the original apostolic organization lost after the events of the New Testament. According to Allen and Hughes, "[n]o group used the language of 'restoration' more consistently and more effectively than did the [Latter Day Saints] ... early Mormons seemed obsessed with restoring the ancient church of God."

According to Smith, God appeared to him in 1820, instructing him that the creeds of the churches of the day were corrupted. In addition to restoring the primitive church, Smith claimed to receive new and ongoing revelations. In 1830, he published The Book of Mormon, with he and witnesses declaring to be a translation through divine means from the Golden Plates he obtained from an angel. The largest and most well known church in the Latter Day Saint movement is the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), followed by Community of Christ (formerly RLDS), and dozens of other denominations. Members of the LDS Church believe that, in addition to Smith being the first prophet appointed by Jesus in the "latter days", every subsequent apostle and church president also serves in the capacity of prophet, seer and revelator.

Some among the Churches of Christ have attributed the restorationist character of the Latter Day Saints movement to the influence of Sidney Rigdon, who was associated with the Campbell movement in Ohio but left it and became a close friend of Joseph Smith. Neither the Mormons nor the early Restoration Movement leaders invented the idea of "restoration"; it was a popular theme of the time that had developed independently of both, and Mormonism and the Restoration Movement represent different expressions of that common theme. The two groups had very different approaches to the restoration ideal. The Campbell movement combined it with Enlightenment rationalism, "precluding emotionalism, spiritualism, or any other phenomena that could not be sustained by rational appeals to the biblical text." The Latter Day Saints combined it with "the spirit of nineteenth-century Romanticism" and, as a result, "never sought to recover the forms and structures of the ancient church as ends in themselves" but "sought to restore the golden age, recorded in both Old Testament and New Testament, when God broke into human history and communed directly with humankind." Mormons gave priority to current revelation. Primitive observances of "appointed times" like Sabbath were secondary to continuing revelation, similarly to the progressive revelation held by some non-restorationist Christian theologians.

The "Great Apostasy", or loss of the original church Jesus established, has been cited with historical evidence of changes in Christian doctrine over time, scriptures prophesying of a coming apostasy before the last days (particularly, and ) and corruption within the early churches that led to the necessity of the Protestant Reformation, which is seen as an important step towards the development of protected freedoms and speech required for a full restoration to be possible.

Adventism
Adventism is a Christian eschatological belief that looks for the imminent Second Coming of Jesus to inaugurate the Kingdom of God. This view involves the belief that Jesus will return to receive those who have died in Christ and those who are awaiting his return, and that they must be ready when he returns. Adventists are considered to be both restorationists and conservative Protestants.

Millerites and Seventh-day Sabbatarianism
The Millerites were the most well-known family of the Adventist movements. They emphasized apocalyptic teachings anticipating the end of the world, and did not look for the unity of Christendom but busied themselves in preparation for Christ's return. Millerites sought to restore a prophetic immediacy and uncompromising biblicism that they believed had once existed but had long been rejected by mainstream Protestant and Catholic churches. From the Millerites descended the Seventh-day Adventists and the Advent Christian Church.

Seventh-day Adventists
The Seventh-day Adventist Church grew out of the Adventist movement, in particular the Millerites. The Seventh-day Adventist Church is the largest of several Adventist groups which arose from the Millerite movement of the 1840s in upstate New York, a phase of the Second Great Awakening. Important to the Seventh-day Adventist movement is a belief in progressive revelation, teaching that the Christian life and testimony is intended to be typified by the Spirit of Prophecy, as explained in the writings of Ellen G. White.

Much of the theology of the Seventh-day Adventist Church corresponds to Protestant Christian teachings such as the Trinity and the infallibility of Scripture. Distinctive teachings include the unconscious state of the dead and the doctrine of an investigative judgment. The church is also known for its emphasis on diet and health, its holistic understanding of the person, its promotion of religious liberty, and its conservative principles and lifestyle.

Worldwide Church of God
The Worldwide Church of God arose from the Seventh Day churches. The personal ministry of Herbert W. Armstrong became the Radio Church of God, which became the Worldwide Church of God. It later splintered into many other churches and groups when the Worldwide Church of God disassociated itself with the Restoration movements and made major attempts to join the Protestant branch of Christianity. The largest of these groups, the Living Church of God and the United Church of God, continue in the tradition of the Worldwide Church of God as it was under the leadership of Herbert W. Armstrong.

Advent Christian Church
The Advent Christian Church is unaffiliated with Seventh-day Adventism, but considers itself the second "of six Christian denominations that grew out of the ministry of William Miller". As a "first-day" body of Adventist Christians established by The Advent Christian General Conference in 1860, the church's beliefs include "conditional immortality" and a form of "soul sleep".

Advent Christians such as George Storrs and Jonas Wendell influenced the Bible Student movement.

Bible Students
In the 1870s, a Bible study group led by Charles Taze Russell formed into what was eventually called the Bible Student movement. Russell's congregations did not consider him to be the founder of a new religion, but that he helped in restoring true Christianity from the apostasy that Jesus and the Apostle Paul foretold. They believed that other Churches departed in a Great Apostasy from the original faith on major points, and that the original faith could be restored through a generally literal interpretation of the Bible and a sincere commitment to follow its teachings. They focused on several key doctrinal points that they considered a return to "primitive Christianity", derived from their interpretation of the Bible, including active proselytization; strict neutrality in political affairs; abstinence from warfare; a belief in the imminent manifestation of the Kingdom of God (or World to Come) on Earth, and a rejection of trinitarianism, the immortality of the soul, and the definition of Hell as a place of eternal torment.

Jehovah's Witnesses
Jehovah's Witnesses emerged as a distinct religious organization, maintaining control of Russell's Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society and other corporations. They continued to develop doctrines that they considered to be an improved restoration of first century Christianity, including increased emphasis on the use of Jehovah as God's personal name.

Plymouth Brethren
The Plymouth Brethren is a conservative, Evangelical, restorationist movement whose origin can be traced to Dublin, Ireland, in 1827. The title, "The Brethren", is one that many of their number are comfortable with, in that the Bible designates all believers as "brethren". The first English assembly was in Plymouth in 1831, where the movement became well known and assemblies diffused throughout Europe and beyond. It was organised primarily by George Wigram, Benjamin Wills Newton and John Nelson Darby. The movement soon spread throughout the UK. By 1845, the first English assembly in Plymouth had over 1,000 souls in fellowship.

They became known as "the brethren from Plymouth", and were soon simply called "Plymouth Brethren". By 1848, divergence of practice and belief led to the development of two separate branches. The rift was caused primarily by a difference of opinions between John Nelson Darby and Benjamin Wills Newton in regards to eschatology. Despite more divisions, assemblies are still often generalized into two main categories: "Open Brethren" and "Exclusive Brethren". John Duncan criticized the Brethren movement saying "To end sectarianism, the Plymouth Brethren began by making a new sect, and that sect, of all sects, the most sectarian".

Oneness Pentecostalism
Pentecostalism began primarily as a restoration movement that focused on the "experiential" aspect of the early church. The early pioneers of the Pentecostal movement sought to restore the work and power of the Holy Spirit to the church, which they felt had been lost early on after the Apostolic Age. Oneness Pentecostals, in particular, continue to have a lot of restorationist themes present in their movement. Many Oneness Pentecostals see their movement as being a restoration of the Apostolic Church, which is why many of them refer to themselves as "apostolic" or to their movement as the "Apostolic Pentecostal" movement.

British New Church Movement
During the charismatic movement of the 1960s and 1970s, which focused on the transformation of the individual, some leaders formed what has become known as the Charismatic Restorationist Movement. These leaders, of whom Arthur Wallis, David Lillie and Cecil Cousen were at the forefront, focused on the nature of the church and shared a distinctive view that authentic church order was being restored to the whole church. This authentic church order centred on what is referred to as the "fivefold ministries", as listed in Ephesians 4:11: Apostles, Prophets, Evangelists, Teachers and Pastors. Although the Charismatic Movement brought the Pentecostal gifts to the denominational churches, these restorationists considered denominationalism unbiblical, and shared a conviction that God would cause the church to be directly organized and empowered by the holy spirit. The movement has thousands of adherents worldwide, and notable church networks include Newfrontiers led by Terry Virgo, Salt and Light Ministries International led by Barney Coombs and Ichthus Christian Fellowship led by Faith and Roger Forster.

Shepherding movement
The British leaders of charismatic restorationism mutually recognised a parallel movement in the United States, centered on the Fort Lauderdale Five; Derek Prince, Don Basham, Bob Mumford, Charles Simpson and Ern Baxter. This movement became known as the Shepherding movement and was the subject of significant controversy in the mid-1970s. The movement left a significant legacy through its influence on contemporary ministries International Churches of Christ, Maranatha Campus Ministries and Great Commission International.

Apostolic-Prophetic Movement
More recently another form of charismatic restorationism with a similar recognition of the apostolic office has emerged in the form of the Apostolic-Prophetic Movement, centered on the Kansas City Prophets. Leading proponents of the movement include C. Peter Wagner, Rick Joyner, Mike Bickle and Lou Engle.

Church of God (Restoration)
The Church of God (Restoration) is a Christian denomination that was founded in the 1980s by Daniel (Danny) Layne. In a booklet written by Layne in the early 1980s, he claimed to be an ex-heroin addict who spent years dealing drugs and living a life of crime and sin on the streets of San Francisco. Layne was originally raised in the Church of God (Anderson), where his father was a minister. Layne began preaching in the Church of God (Guthrie, OK) after his conversion.

One tenet of this group is that they are ordained by both prophecy and divine command to restore the church of God as it was in the Book of Acts. Most of Daniel Layne's beliefs concerning the book of Revelation originated from some ministers who had left the Church of God (Anderson) reformation movement thirty or so years earlier. This teaching is upheld by the official eschatology, which is a form of church historicism. This Church of God (Restoration) teaches that the 7th Trumpet in the book of the Revelation began to sound around the year 1980 when Daniel Layne was saved, alleging that there was a general discontent among many of its current adherents that were in various Churches of God at that time. A variation of this "Seventh Seal message" had been taught in other Churches of God for approximately 50 years prior to this point.

Iglesia ni Cristo
Iglesia ni Cristo began in the Philippines and was incorporated by Felix Y. Manalo on July 27, 1914. The church professes to be the reestablishment of the original church founded by Jesus Christ and teaches that the original church was apostatized. It does not teach the doctrine of the Trinity or the divinity of Jesus. Iglesia ni Cristo does not subscribe to the term Restoration or claim to be a part of the Restoration Movement.

La Luz del Mundo
La Luz del Mundo (full name: Iglesia del Dios Vivo, Columna y Apoyo de la Verdad, La Luz del Mundo) was founded in Mexico on 6 April 1926 by Eusebio Joaquín González (14 August 1896 – 9 June 1964), who claimed that God called him to be an apostle of Jesus Christ and renamed him Aarón. Joaquín claimed that he was commissioned to restore the primitive Christian church of the first century CE. The church, headquartered in Guadalajara, Mexico, asserts that all other forms of Christianity are corruptions that arose after the last of the original apostles died, and rejects traditional Christian doctrines such as trinitarianism, original sin, veneration of saints, and the divinity of Jesus. It continues to claim that it is the restoration of primitive Christianity and that its leaders, including Aarón Joaquín, his son, Samuel Joaquín Flores (14 February 1937 – 8 December 2014), and his grandson, Naasón Joaquín García (born 7 May 1969), who is the church's international director, are apostles responsible for the restoration, without whom it would be impossible for people to truly believe in Jesus and be saved.

Apostolic Catholic Church (Philippines)
The Apostolic Catholic Church started as a mainstream Catholic lay organization that was founded in Hermosa Bataan in the early 1970s by Maria Virginia P. Leonzon Vda. De Teruel. In 1991, the organisation and the Roman Catholic Church had a schism; due to varying issues, it formally separated itself from the Roman Catholic Church, when John Florentine Teruel was consecrated as a patriarch and registered the church as a Protestant and Independent Catholic denomination. The Church describes itself as a Conservative Church which aims to bring back Ancient Catholic Church traditions removed by previous councils and Popes.

Local churches

The local churches are a Christian movement influenced by the teachings of J.N. Darby, Watchman Nee and Witness Lee and associated with the Living Stream Ministry publishing house. Its members see themselves as separate from other Christian groups, denominations, and movements, part of what they sometimes call "The Lord's Recovery". One of the defining features of the local churches is their adherence to the principle that all Christians in a city or locality are automatically members of the one church in that locality. Another defining feature is the lack of an official organization or official name for the movement. Those in the local churches believe that to take a name would divide them from other believers. Thus, they often say they meet with "the church in [city name]" with the understanding that they are not the only church but belong to the same church as every believer in their city.

Jesuism
Jesuism is the personal philosophy encompassing the teachings of Jesus of Nazareth and commitment or adherence to those teachings. Jesuism is distinct from and sometimes opposed to mainstream Christianity, the organized religion based on the Christian Bible. In particular, Jesuism is distinguished from the writings attributed to the Apostle Paul and from modern Church doctrine. Jesuism is not necessarily critical of the Christian Bible or Church doctrine, but rather it does not affirm their authority over the teachings of Jesus. As a philosophy, Jesuism is characterized as naturalistic and rationalist, rejecting the conflict between faith and science.

World Mission Society Church Of God
World Mission Society Church of God is a non-denominational Christian movement founded by Ahn Sahng-Hong in 1964. The church claims to be a restoration of the original Church of God and has teachings differing from other Christian denominations. After Ahn Sahng-hong died in February 1985, a group of people in Church of God Jesus Witnesses including the man Kim Joo-cheol and the woman Zahng Gil-jah wanted to re-introduce the concept of a "spiritual mother", and on 22 March 1985 moved from Busan to Seoul. On a meeting in Seoul on 2 June 1985, they discussed how to call Zahng Gil-jah, and established a church called Witnesses of Ahn Sahng-hong Church of God which is led by Kim Joo-cheol and Zahng Gil-jah. Two major new doctrines were codified:

Ahn Sahng-hong should be regarded as Jesus Christ who had already come, should be titled Christ Ahn Sahng-hong, and pursuant to a traditional trinitarian view of Christian hypostasis Ahn was consequently also The Holy Spirit, God the Father, and thus God. Zahng Gil-jah should be regarded as God the Mother, a female image of God, be titled Heavenly Mother, or simply Mother, and together with Ahn Sahng-hong be regarded as God.

title: Restorationism


text:
User talk:Ambivalenthysteria~enwiki/Archive2

I guess there's no need for this anymore. Ambivalenthysteria 15:03, 24 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Hey!
Don't go, your one of the good ones! Fuck politics, this is an encyclopedia! Let me know what the problem is, maybe I can help you politik ;) Sam [Spade] 02:06, 25 Jun 2004 (UTC)

WB
Welcome back! Glad you din't leave us. Give a shout out on my talk, let me know whats up. Cheers, Sam [Spade] 04:12, 2 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Could you please repair the pronounciations at Melbourne - some idiot went and SAMPA'd them. PMA 18:09, 4 Jul 2004 (UTC)

How am I a troll or a sycophant?
Re: Windows XP article: fair enough, you're entitled to your opinion. Though I'd appreciate it if you could tell me why you think I'm trolling, and why you think I'm a sycophant. - Ta bu shi da yu 22:45, 5 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Oh, OK :-) I understand! I don't mind if you disagree with my points, that's fair - Ta bu shi da yu 02:03, 6 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Relative motion theory
(William M. Connolley 08:31, 6 Jul 2004 (UTC)) I see you added cleanup to Relative motion theory. The original page creator removed that header. I've re-inserted it. Some equivalent pages by the same chap (e.g. Wave Structure of Matter Theory) I've listed on Vfd.

Kylie Minogue
Hello Ambivalenthysteria

thanks for supporting my nomination of the Kylie article, which has been contested, and well that's the end of that. But that's ok. I've put a few thoughts on the Talk:Kylie Minogue page. If you get a chance to have a look, I'd appreciate your opinion. Rossrs 10:26, 6 Jul 2004 (UTC)

deletions
Hi. You just listed two pages on VfD although both (imho) were candidates for 'speedy' deletion. Where there is no edit history and an article is clearly inappropriate (such as in this case where basically advertising) then they aren't likely to need much - if any - discussion, and cen be deleted by any admin who agrees with you. Instead of adding you just add  instead. --VampWillow 10:55, 7 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Calvin and Hobbes FAC
Greetings. Can you take a moment to revisit your objection to Calvin and Hobbes? A lot of improvements have been made to the article since your latest comments. Thanks! Alanyst 15:28, 7 Jul 2004 (UTC)

RfA
I've nominated you for admin status. Good luck. I hope I'm right and you are female. :) Snowspinner 04:09, Jul 8, 2004 (UTC)

I guess there's no need for this anymore. Ambivalenthysteria 15:03, 24 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Hey!
Don't go, your one of the good ones! Fuck politics, this is an encyclopedia! Let me know what the problem is, maybe I can help you politik ;) Sam [Spade] 02:06, 25 Jun 2004 (UTC)

WB
Welcome back! Glad you din't leave us. Give a shout out on my talk, let me know whats up. Cheers, Sam [Spade] 04:12, 2 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Could you please repair the pronounciations at Melbourne - some idiot went and SAMPA'd them. PMA 18:09, 4 Jul 2004 (UTC)

How am I a troll or a sycophant?
Re: Windows XP article: fair enough, you're entitled to your opinion. Though I'd appreciate it if you could tell me why you think I'm trolling, and why you think I'm a sycophant. - Ta bu shi da yu 22:45, 5 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Oh, OK :-) I understand! I don't mind if you disagree with my points, that's fair - Ta bu shi da yu 02:03, 6 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Relative motion theory
(William M. Connolley 08:31, 6 Jul 2004 (UTC)) I see you added cleanup to Relative motion theory. The original page creator removed that header. I've re-inserted it. Some equivalent pages by the same chap (e.g. Wave Structure of Matter Theory) I've listed on Vfd.

Kylie Minogue
Hello Ambivalenthysteria

thanks for supporting my nomination of the Kylie article, which has been contested, and well that's the end of that. But that's ok. I've put a few thoughts on the Talk:Kylie Minogue page. If you get a chance to have a look, I'd appreciate your opinion. Rossrs 10:26, 6 Jul 2004 (UTC)

deletions
Hi. You just listed two pages on VfD although both (imho) were candidates for 'speedy' deletion. Where there is no edit history and an article is clearly inappropriate (such as in this case where basically advertising) then they aren't likely to need much - if any - discussion, and cen be deleted by any admin who agrees with you. Instead of adding you just add  instead. --VampWillow 10:55, 7 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Calvin and Hobbes FAC
Greetings. Can you take a moment to revisit your objection to Calvin and Hobbes? A lot of improvements have been made to the article since your latest comments. Thanks! Alanyst 15:28, 7 Jul 2004 (UTC)

RfA
I've nominated you for admin status. Good luck. I hope I'm right and you are female. :) Snowspinner 04:09, Jul 8, 2004 (UTC)

Chöön - gosh durnit!
Chöön is not a speedy deletion candidate! *Slaps your wrist* Read the policy again, lovely ambi. I'm afraid Chöön isn't speedyable under anything. I've listed it on VfD. blankfaze | (беседа!)  17:30, 8 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Ralph Griswold
I've removed him from VfD, since he is quite famous and deserves better treatment, but am keeping Votes_for_deletion/Ralph_Griswold around for another day or two, in case you want to discuss this. +sj + 21:43, 8 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Thanks.
Thanks for your support of my administrator nomination on RfA. I sincerely appreciate your support. Best wikiwishes, Neutrality 05:03, Jul 9, 2004 (UTC)

Plug
Hi. I was looking at your user page and noticed you were interested in politics and unrecognized countries. I find them interesting also, and thought I'd plus a website I like. Sobaka is a news magazine covering the third world. Thay have an interesting feature on Somaliland in the archives from last year, and there's a recent article on Abkhazia on their main page right now. There's also a paper from a month ago on Ajaria, which was until recently another independent region of Georgia. Isomorphic 14:55, 9 Jul 2004 (UTC)

User:Quadell
I encourage you to withdraw your support from User:Quadell. He's not fit. Not at all. See Talk:Khalid bin Mahfouz. blankfaze | (беседа!)  06:05, 10 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Flagstaff & Parliament
Your pictures are much needed, but, do you think you could lighten them or something? Particularly as thumbnails, you can't tell that the signs are even for the stations. It's a shame photos are banned inside the stations now... TPK 13:06, 12 Jul 2004 (UTC)

ne
I hope that you will never revert my edits without explanation again. I placed Titos picture because he is interesting as president for life. You can put Idi Amin or anyone but don`t revert my edits without any reason.

[[User:Avala|Avala| ★ ]] 16:15, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)

You don`t know that it was Roosvelt, not Lincoln but you know to revert it. Tell me what was the real reason for that? We don`t need to discuss every edit in talk page.

[[User:Avala|Avala| ★ ]] 16:25, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)

The "Cold War people" category ought to be abolished IMHO, but apparently that is not possible. Perhaps you can begin a Campaign to Abolish Redundant Categories (And also a Campaign to Get Avala Banned?) Adam 08:37, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Adam, I said, one more time you call me an idiot, or anyone else, I will report you. This is a reminding but I am watching you. --[[User:Avala|Avala| ★ ]] 09:42, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)

If Adam calls other users with such names as idiot, or threats to ban them for no reason-you don`t react. But if I object to such behavior of his you react? Howcome?

[[User:Avala|Avala| ★ ]] 09:52, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Ambivalent, to quote what I wrote on Adam’s talk, “Avala, along with his buddies User:Nikola Smolenski and User:Igor, has been inserting his Serb nationalist nonsense all over the place, although Avala is the least cunning of the bunch. Only way of reporting him as far as i know is listing him on Vandalism in progress. They deny they have an agenda, and often counter-report if you report them, but their revision histories tell a different story. It’s a tough fight with the extremists.”--GeneralPatton 22:41, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Yes, I’ve reverted because of the links, they keep putting "The Pavelic Papers" and jasenovac.org, both of whom are Serb run projects that are posturing of being “objective”, under "Outside views", while at the same time putting Croatia - Myth and Reality By C. Michael McAdams, a respected American professor, under "Croat view" just because the text doesn’t suite them. Any attempt at reasoning with them has so far been futile, and most of the time they just ignore any common sense.--GeneralPatton 00:20, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)

They even admitted adding the links they know are grossly inaccurate. I did not take them out, I just put most of them under Serb view, for fairness and for providing multiple views. if I played like they do, I’d probably would have removed them. Avala is the biggest problem maker of the bunch, although he’s not the most extreme in his views.--GeneralPatton 00:26, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)

what to say? GeneralPatton is  E X T R E M E nationalist. He uses fascist abbreviation ZDS. He also calls, just like Adam, other uses-you little CUNT....[[User:Avala|Avala| ★ ]] 11:36, 17 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Current events
Rather than reverting you should discuss at talk. Two others agreed that both news I deleted were inappropriate. Get-back-world-respect 12:10, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Reese Witherspoon edits
There is an anonymous user, currently operating from IP 205.188.116.20, who has repeatedly (at least 8 times, operating from various IP addresses, in the past couple of days) added a link to a nude image of the actress.

I don't want to engage in a protracted edit war with this user, but I notice that you've also taken part in the reverting of this page. Can you offer any suggestions as to next steps that I should take, as I think the consensus is that the image link isn't appropriate.

Thanks!

Kenwarren 01:11, Jul 16, 2004 (UTC)

Electorates
I'm not really sure 150 articles on Australian federal electorates would be of sufficient interest to anyone to warrant the work involved. Nevertheless, if you were start doing it I would probably not be able to resist joining in, such is my addiction to such things. If you want to do it, you are welcome to use (with acknowledgement) the data at my website. There is also some material by Antony Green at the ABC website. Adam 06:30, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * If you decide to go ahead with this, some of the edit history from Australian electorates may be useful - basically only a list of electorates, so not much content - but it saves re-typing and wikifying. -- Chuq 11:50, 19 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Re: Leo Strauss
Done. --Herschelkrustofsky 14:08, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Philosophy
Hi, Ambivalenthysteria. Would you be able to give the reason for your disputing the factual accuracy of Philosophy? Just for the record… Banno 22:35, Jul 16, 2004 (UTC)

Counterculture
Hi, Ambivalent, me again. When protecting a page against vandalism, isn't it appropriate to protect a non-vandalized version of the page? I realize that this case might be a nuanced one -- Andy's is not as blatant as Adam's, or the anonymous guy from Houston -- but it is part of a pattern of attacks that is presently under arbitration. What would you do in my shoes? --Herschelkrustofsky 23:51, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Ustase
Why have you protected the article at GeneralPatton's version? He kept disguising neutral links as Serbian propaganda without offering any shred of evidence. Please, protect the article at my version; compare and you will see that it is more neutral. Nikola 07:24, 18 Jul 2004 (UTC)

I know that, but it was darn obvious that my version is more NPOV; So what will happen now, the page stays like this, it is unprotected, the edit war starts over, you again protect at his version... this could go on in perpetuity. Nikola 07:46, 18 Jul 2004 (UTC)

...
???

I am always shocked more and more when I see your comments!!!

I am asking you for the last time!!! Howcome? Adam swears at me, GeneralPatton even worse I repeat it and then I am one who swears.

Would you please be more openminded? Adam is calling other users idiots and it is not a problem for you? But if I tell him on the same page I will report him you threat me?

I just don`t get it? Do you like Adam or hate me? I mean you never object when he swears other users but I can`t even type a word you on my back already.

I am very confused and hope that you are not doing this on purpose to make me mad.

[[User:Avala|Avala| ★ ]] 10:47, 18 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Thanks for the nomination
Thanks, though to be honest I wasn't really expecting this. Even so, I'll accept the nomination and see where this leads: I'll pledge to do my utmost to uphold the ideals and the liberties of this great Wikipedia, to serve its community with endless determination, and to smite the troll and the petty vandal wherever they may spawn... well, you get the idea :P TPK 13:24, 18 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Puntland etc
I actually edited all of Somalia, Regions of Somalia, Puntland, Somaliland and Southwestern Somalia in an attempt to bring some order in that whole mess. I don't really know much about Somali issues, sorry. --Shallot 12:24, 19 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Xconq
Thanks for the kind words! Xconq is actually still under active development, with about a half-dozen folks banging away at a bunch of new ideas (all at sources.redhat.com); these days I just kibitz and harass them to release 7.5 already. I'm trying to be modest and not create Xconq myself... :-) Stan 05:36, 20 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I know this is some time later (2 years) but just thought I'd let you know I started an Xconq article. Marasmusine 11:06, 23 September 2006 (UTC)

protection, arbcom
Hi. Couple of things. I unprotected counterculture the other day because there didn't seem to be much evidence of an edit war. Perhaps it was more of an edit "police action" rather than a full-fledged war :-). (Sorry, 1970s joke.)  Anyway, you'd protected it, so I thought I'd let you know.

Then, regarding slowness over at arbcom:
 * I believe that the arbitrators have succeeded in creating a process that each of them finds unpleasant. Therefore, they don't follow arb matters closely because it isn't much fun.
 * Some members are not particularly active Wikipedians. It is rare for Wikipedians to remain active editors for more than about six months at a time, because the life circumstances that lead one to edit wikipedia for hours a day tend to be transient in nature.  Since the arbcom members were drawn from longtime contributors, there are some whose life circumstances and interests are such that they are not active at Wikipedia on a daily basis.
 * The legalistic nature of the process makes it inherently slow. They deliberate, then decide whether to accept, then deliberate, then gather evidence and ask questions, then deliberate, then decide whether there's a problem, then deliberate on remedies before preparing and voting on a decree.  Each step takes up to a week because some members don't check in daily.
 * I would characterize a majority of the arbcom members as been basically opposed to bans, and of the group, AFAIK only Fred Bauder and MyRedDice have much online collaboration experience outside of Wikipedia. Those members who are basically opposed to bans don't want to issue them unless there's been a clear, bright-line policy violation.  So, they don't ban people who are making asses of themselves as long as they do it in such a way that they don't violate rules.

So, elections would help, because the arbitrators could state their views on how things should work and people could vote accordingly. A stronger mandate would help, some more bright-line community-driven rules on acceptable behavior would help.

As for mediation, well, I don't believe the formal mediation mechanism can claim any successes, and we should probably just take it out of the dispute resolution process because it doesn't work.

Until then, the arbiters are probably right to insist that people try that first, since them 's the rules.

My grammar is terrible today. All these sentence fragments. Oh well.

UninvitedCompany

UNRWA
the ambulance photo should stay.

Zero(Censor)0000 works with Viajero to remove all material crictical of Muslims and Arabs...regardless of the news agency reporting the item. They also seek to remove all material in any way exculpatory of Israel. One example is Zero's insistence on a photo of the Israeli West Bank barrier that is representative of less than 10% of the barrier in place of the less impressive wire fence that is more than 90% of the barrier.

 * 209.135.35.83, formerly known as OneVoice, went on a rampage reverting articles to previous POV versions. I blocked him for 24 hours and if he does it again I will seek support for blocking him for a longer period.   Btw, the sensible protagonists on Israeli West Bank barrier have negotiated on images and have now found two that are suitable.  209.135.35.83 would know this if he bothered reading the Talk page. Cheers.  --Zero 14:09, 22 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * This user has been a tremendous nuisance for many months, and I have finally listed him on RFAr: Requests_for_arbitration Care to add anything? -- Viajero

DWDAE
Happy to. My first big problem is that I think the definition is weak and overly rigid. Although I see Sam's concerns with an adaptive definition, I think a definition that will need continual ammendment is even worse. My other big problem is that I think the effect of this is to make troll bans quickpolls open only to sysops. Obviously lone ranger blocks aren't going to work, but I don't think this is good either, regardless of the threshold. If we're going to use an essentially democratic process to block users, it needs to be open to non-sysops. My current preference, though I'm very open to debating it, is for tempblocks to be imposable by sysops with the support of two other users with a minimum of 200 edits each. If someone feels that they were blocked in error, they may appeal to the arbcom, and, in the absence of a temporary injunction from the arbcom, will recieve amnesty from blocks regarding trolling. (The arbcom, of course, may also refer to mediation, etc) Yes, this dumps a lot on the arbcom, but let's face it - persistant trolls are going to fight their way to the arbcom no matter what policy we have in place. But, yeah, those are my objections - too rigid a definition, and a solution that too resembles quickpolls. Snowspinner 11:59, Jul 23, 2004 (UTC)

UNRWA page protection
Hi, someone unprotected United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East only two days after it was protected to stop the same edit war that you helped to mediate recently. I'm afraid it is going to flare again. --Zero 08:26, 24 Jul 2004 (UTC) Now I see the story behind it. The anon was only blocked for 24 hours and will return for sure. --Zero 08:33, 24 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Please stop your biased reverting of John Kerry
The information which you keep posting has such a rosey glow, it sounds like a Kerry infomercial. Thank you. Rex071404 15:57, 24 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Here is an example of one item which you keep removing:

1971 Meeting of Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW)
From November 12-15, 1971, a VVAW meeting was held in Kansas City, Missouri, at which a member proposed that they escalate their tactics.

The suggestion was made that the VVAW should kill (via assassination) various United States politicians (including US Senators).

According to some, that statement was immediately shouted down by a large majority. Though the suggestion to kill US politicians was voted down, the VVAW members did vote to meet with North Vietnamese leaders.

Over the years, Kerry has repeatedly stated that he does not remember attending the meeting in Kansas City, stating instead that he had already resigned from the organization several months earlier, at the St. Louis meeting in July 1971. However, reports on this vary and Kerry has (changed his story) about this more than once.

Additionally, as late as January 26th, 1972, the New York Times, was still reporting John Kerry as being "a leader of Vietnam Veterans against the War" (NY Times Jan,26th 1972, pg 17)

hi
I keep getting blocked cuz some notorius, persistent vandal is apparently using my same AOL IP. I know AOL IP's are a bitch for you guys but I keep getting screwed. can you help me out at all?? Kzzl

Hiya
I'm having a problem with an anonymous user (user: 151.201.224.83) on the Ex-gay page. The same user's been making non-NPOV edits to the page under several ips, and at least one of them has been blocked for vandalism. I made some changes and moved a disputed paragraph to the talk page, but he continues to revert. I don't want to get into a revert war with him; could you take a look and let me know what you think? Thanks. Exploding Boy 14:55, Jul 25, 2004 (UTC)

What is your problem!?
You need to STOP your wholesale deletions on the John Kerry page. This a controversial topic and you are supposed to discuss this before taking such drastic action! You are causing an edit warr and I am going to report you!

Rex071404 12:43, 26 Jul 2004 (UTC)

STOP your wholesale deletions/reversions!
You need to STOP your wholesale deletions on the John Kerry page. This a controversial topic and you are supposed to discuss this before taking such drastic action! You are causing an edit war and I am going to report you!

Rex071404 12:50, 26 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Kerry Edits Update
What follows, for your edification, is the perfectly factual, evenly presented information about the 1971 meeting which YOU keep removing. And to answer the rehetorical(?) question on the John Kerry history pages, posed by Gzornenplatz "what has Kerry to do with it if another member of the VVAW makes some dubious proposal?", the 1971 meeting MATTERS, because RELIABLE REPORTS by CREDIBLE WITESSES place Kerry at the meeting and AT THAT MEETING, where violence was proposed. Further, since VIOLENCE WAS PROPOSED, and since there is a bona-fide dispute about the accuracy of Kerry's denails of attendence, the history and facts surroundign that meeting MUST be presented to the public! If you keep deleting this, you ae in effect a pro-kerry censor.

Pleas READ the links in the section I am posting, so you can make an EDUCATED assement of the facts, rather than simply LEAPING to the conclusion that this is not germane!

Here now, is the information which the pro-Kerry censors keep deleting:

1971 Meeting of Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW)

From November 12-15, 1971, a VVAW meeting was held in Kansas City, Missouri, at which a member proposed that they escalate their tactics.

At this meeting, one of the VVAW activists made the suggestion that the VVAW members should assassinate various United States politicians (including US Senators) who were in favor of continuing the Vietnam War.

According to some, that statement was immediately shouted down by a large majority. Though the suggestion to kill US politicians was voted down, the VVAW members did vote to meet with North Vietnamese leaders.

Over the years, Kerry has repeatedly stated that he does not remember attending the meeting in Kansas City, stating instead that he had already resigned from the organization several months earlier, at the St. Louis meeting in July 1971. However, as reported in the New York Sun on Mar 12, 2004;  Page:1 Kerry's presence at this meeting has been confirmed by several witnesses, even though Senator Kerry has stated that he does not rememeber attending.

Additionally, as late as January 26th, 1972, the New York Times, was still reporting John Kerry as being "a leader of Vietnam Veterans against the War" (NY Times Jan,26th 1972, pg 17)

Rex071404 13:41, 26 Jul 2004 (UTC)

John Kerry

 * I've had enough of this. What would you think about filing a RfC? Ambivalenthysteria 12:55, 26 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * And now he's threatened User:Gzornenplatz as well. Ambivalenthysteria 12:56, 26 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I've got Rex ranting on my talk page too. What fun. Gamaliel 21:17, 26 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I say go for it. Bring it up with RfC and/or ArbCom. Neutrality 21:18, 26 Jul 2004 (UTC)

For VVAW, I would be satisfied with this (see below)
Rex071404 22:38, 26 Jul 2004 (UTC)

1971 Meeting of Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW)
From November 12-15, 1971, a VVAW meeting was held in Kansas City, Missouri. It has been reported that at that meeting, a VVAW member proposed that they should assassinate pro-Vietnam War politicians.

Some sources say that this suggestion was immediately shouted down by a large majority. Also, according to some reports, Kerry left the meeting prior to that suggestion being offered and was therefor not present to personally hear the proposal for violence.

On this subject, over the years, Kerry has at various times stated that he does not remember attending the meeting in Kansas City. He has said that his memory is that he had already resigned from the organization several months earlier, at the St. Louis meeting in July 1971.

However, the New York Sun reported in a front page article on March 12, 2004 that "Kerry's presence at this meeting has been confirmed by several witnesses, even though Senator Kerry has stated that he does not remember attending."

Additionally, as late as January 26th, 1972, the New York Times was still reporting John Kerry as being "a leader of Vietnam Veterans against the War"

The varying reports on this topic do not make clear precisely what the historical record is and for that reason, th readers are left to drawn there own conclusions about this.

Why does Neutrality get to have the final say about John Kerry?
I await your answer...

Rex071404 04:03, 27 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * As for "Talk" pages errors, I am still learning, you know that I am new, don't you?
 * By the way, why is everyone here fixated on "process" rather than corroborated facts?

 * The simple truth is that the 1971 VVAW Meeting and the Medal Tossing sections I have shown above are factual, accurate and true.

 * If certain persons don't like the manner in which I present the verfied facts I have offered,
 * why don't we work together to present them in a softer tone, rather than substituting on
 * a wholesale basis, an entirely diffrent set of facts as Neutralitykept
 * doing to me.

 * There was NO justification for his continued deletion of my links to ABC.com, the NYT article
 * and others. Those are widely recognized sources reporting germanely on the topic at hand.

 * To delete them is, in and of itself, obvious bias.

Rex071404 04:37, 27 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Please see my updated reply to you on Talk:John Kerry

Rex071404 05:33, 27 Jul 2004 (UTC)

RfC on Rex
I have been trying without much success to stay out of editing and the disputes on Kerry. Rex has been overly "In Your Face" but he is new and being given very little real guidance. He is frustrated at trying to add what he sees as balance and is simply being cold-cocked (pardon my French). I find edits on Bush and Kerry to be extremely POV, and now I see VeryVerily (on Bush) and Rex (on Kerry) being brought up on RfC. This seems to me to begin to move toward censorship of views that don't fit those of editors who feel they own the articles. As a matter of principle I don't believe in RfC against editors though frankly Neutrality is straining my patience. -- Cecropia | Talk 08:23, 27 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Thanks for the note. I've been here a lot longer than Rex, I seem to have a cooler head, and I'm a bit more mellow about Neutrality's off-handed stubbornness. I'm bothered by Neutrality's attitude. He's been here a while and should know better. When he was up for admin, a number of editors brought up relevant complaints, and he promised to clean up his act. I gave his nomination an extra day to try to reach clear consensus, and was criticized because this was deemed a bad idea considering the critiques; but Neutrality seems to be getting worse, not better, and I don't have a clue why. -- Cecropia | Talk 08:50, 27 Jul 2004 (UTC)

That anon again
Hi, remember the anon about whom you wrote "I think I was too lenient with that anon that time. If he comes back (and continues this behaviour, I'm going to ban him." on my talk page a little while ago? Well, I beat you to it and now he is complaining on the WikiEN-l mailing list (as "Harry Smith").  Viajero also listed him at Requests for Arbitration.  Just thought you'd like to know. --Zero 14:26, 27 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Please re-read the history on John Kerry talk
The deletion to which you refer was accidental (see that I tried re-fixing it 3 times)

Rex071404 22:02, 27 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Avala
Hi sir, the stuff that Avala is saying about me over at Rfa is just outrageously inaccurate and really is just the most vicious of slander. --GeneralPatton 22:55, 27 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Hello
Hey, you share my birthday! gracefool 02:06, 28 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Rex reply

 * Ok, but I don't see any link to have started entering data on a page for that. This is how they beat me to it and made me the issue on a user Rfc, rather than the page being the issue as I had requested. Also, my edit links on my personal discussion page do not seem to work right. Try editing the last section and the 2nd to last opnes instead. The only way to get to the bottom of my page is via the master edit tab at the top of the page. The sectional edit html links do not work rightRex071404 06:45, 28 Jul 2004 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Michael Anthony (musician)

Untitled
michael anthony is one of the best bass players in rock music. his style and playing ability are brilliant,michael anthony of the greatest rock band in the world van halen is a true master of the bass. L.C.MOORE. BASS PLAYER 26 YEARS. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 207.103.58.54 (talk) 18:00, 9 July 2003 (UTC)

Heavy metal band? I wouldn't classify them as that, hard rock yes. RedWolf 05:22, Dec 5, 2003 (UTC)

He also collects watches, cars, and (of course) bass guitars! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.13.115.246 (talk) 06:02, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Wow. Did not realise what an a-hole Eddy really is. I'd heard stories about him showing up drunk at other peoples gigs and insulting members of their band - like Pat Smear from Nirvana for instance- but I never knew his lunacy extended beyond that and his hatred of lead singers. Clearly when every ex member of the band other than his brother has a problem with him, there's something wrong with Eddy. It's such a shame that Michael has to be treated so poorly by Eddy. I mean can you blame the guy for not sticking around after being forced to sign a reduced royalty contract? Definately won't support any reunion now with out Michael. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 206.116.177.228 (talk) 03:10, 29 January 2007 (UTC)

Huh?
How can he be "the sixth of five children?" —Preceding unsigned comment added by Ursatz (talk • contribs) 03:44, 6 December 2005 (UTC)

Good question. As a Van Halen fan, I always thought we were smarter than Motley Crue fans. I'm removing that sentence. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 138.25.13.246 (talk) 16:59, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

LOL how stupid can you be...he is the sixth child of 5 siblings...hes got 5 other siblings. Hes the last child....read carefully and think about it —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.237.147.234 (talk) 05:11, 19 October 2008 (UTC)

Los Tres Gusanos
This article could use a referring link into the Los Tres Gusanos article about mike's side project. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Evirtue (talk • contribs) 14:10, 23 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Will be working this into the article shortly. --Spike Wilbury ♫ talk  22:00, 6 December 2007 (UTC)

Possible Plagiarism?
This article is very similar to what is written at this page: http://www.madanthonycafe.com/biography.html. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 160.39.224.75 (talk) 05:22, 13 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Mike's biography was obviously used as a source at some point. We will be rewriting sections to paraphrase. --Spike Wilbury ♫  talk  22:00, 6 December 2007 (UTC)

Image
This article really needs one or more free images. The copyrighted image doesn't cut it since a free alternative can be found. If anyone can find a public domain, GFDL, or Creative Commons image of the subject it would be greatly appreciated. --Spike Wilbury ♫ talk  22:00, 6 December 2007 (UTC)

We need an image of Mike, and of his custom bass. The Xpress band too, ideally.(The Elfoid (talk) 20:37, 14 December 2007 (UTC))
 * I emailed Mad Anthony Cafe asking for a free image. They responded and asked to review the article.  Hopefully they will be able to release a good image under the GFDL. --Spike Wilbury ♫  talk  20:53, 14 December 2007 (UTC)

1964
I found out that Michael was actually born in 1964 through a reliable source —Preceding unsigned comment added by Jason69535554 (talk • contribs) 21:09, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

known for?
"Anthony is known for his stage antics, his effects-laden live solos, and his number of custom-made bass guitars" - sure he's known for these things, but overall I have to say (and ask any fan) he's noted for his high-pitched backing vocals, one of the defining signatures of the Van Halen sound. Is there a reason this was omitted? Pterantula (talk) 20:31, 23 July 2008 (UTC)

Positive Relationships?
Under the Van Halen section it says despite Van Halen's issues with their vocalists, Michael kept positive relationships with all the musicians. I could have sworn in the documentary 'The Van Halen Story' and a few other sources that it was noted that Mikey couldn't stand David Lee Roth by the end of their first time together. And during the tour where Sammy and DLR toured together, Anthony wouldn't do any music with Roth and that there was even some sort of tension between DLR and Hagar as well. -TwistedArachnid (talk) 02:10, 1 April 2009 (UTC)
 * You are right my friend. That's a big reason he isn't with Van Halen now because he refused to work with David Lee Roth — Preceding unsigned comment added by Fatguyinchair3 (talk • contribs) 23:42, 25 March 2012 (UTC)

removing external link
I'm removing the external link for "Official Mike Anthony Website". His official site is already listed, so having it again is just redundant. Elsquared (talk) 21:20, 6 October 2012 (UTC)

Requested move 23 October 2019

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: No consensus. (non-admin closure) Cwmhiraeth (talk) 11:55, 31 October 2019 (UTC)

– It seems like the Van Halen member is the easy WP:PRIMARYTOPIC. 95% of views this year. --Quiz shows 19:33, 23 October 2019 (UTC)
 * Michael Anthony (musician) → Michael Anthony
 * Michael Anthony → Michael Anthony (disambiguation)

 * Support. Certainly in terms of usage he is the primary topic (see |Michael_Anthony_(musician)|Michael_Anthony_(author)|Michael_Anthony_(chef)|Michael_Anthony_(boxer)|Mike_Anthony_(singer)|Michael_C._Anthony|Michael_A._Anthony pageviews). PC78 (talk) 13:08, 24 October 2019 (UTC)
 * Oppose. There are eight names listed at the Michael Anthony disambiguation page and the main title header of the bassist's article has been Michael Anthony (musician) for 11½ years. No indication that this 65-year-old musician has had a career of such overwhelming renown that he now becomes the natural candidate for WP:PRIMARYTOPIC over all the others. —Roman Spinner (talk • contribs) 02:59, 27 October 2019 (UTC)
 * Support per Roman Spinner. I mean, if you have eight names on a DAB page, and one topic is getting 99% of the views, that seems like pretty clear evidence there's a primary topic. Nohomersryan (talk) 16:19, 28 October 2019 (UTC)
 * Obviously, a misunderstanding. Since I cast an Oppose vote, you must've intended to indicate "Support per nomination and / or PC78". —Roman Spinner (talk • contribs) 19:38, 29 October 2019 (UTC)

 * Oppose. Not an overwhelmingly well-known figure. No primary topic here. -- Necrothesp (talk) 14:44, 30 October 2019 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

title: Talk:Michael Anthony (musician)


text:
User talk:Corvus13~enwiki

I thought you might be interested in the opinion poll going on now at Talk:Clitoris. MB 18:06 9 Jul 2003 (UTC)

Interested in an L.A.-area Wiki meetup?
It appears as though L.A. has never had a Wiki meetup. Would you be interested in attending such an event? If so, checkout User:Eric Shalov/Wikimeetup.

- Eric 30 June 2005 07:56 (UTC)

Jimbo Wales to Attend San Diego Meetup on October 18 2005
Hello, Jimbo Wales will be in San Diego to attend OOPSLA and has agreed to come by and visit with the San Diego wikipedians. If you are interested, you will find more info on my talk page. Johntex\talk 00:54, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Wikipedia Meetup
You are invited to "Come Edit Wikipedia!" at the West Hollywood Library on Saturday, July 27th, 2013. There will be coffee, cookies, and good times! -- Olegkagan (talk) — Message delivered by Hazard-Bot at 03:24, 21 July 2013 (UTC)

Wikipedia Meetup
Help build the Wikipedia community in Southern California at "Come Edit Wikipedia!" presented by the West Hollywood Library on Saturday, August 31st, 2013 from 1-5pm. Drop in for some lively editing and conversation! Plus, it's a library, so there are plenty of sources. --Olegkagan (talk) — Message delivered by Hazard-Bot at 02:04, 22 August 2013 (UTC)

Thanks
Thanks.  J i m Carter  ( talk ) 09:53, 29 April 2014 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Corvus13. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Corvus13~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:13, 19 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 11:45, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Corvus13~enwiki


text:
Joan Haggerty

Joan Haggerty (born 26 April 1940) is a Canadian novelist.

Born in Vancouver, British Columbia, she studied English and Theatre at the University of British Columbia. From 1962 to 1972, she lived in London, England; Formentera, Spain; and New York City. She now lives in Telkwa, B.C. above the Widzin'kwa River.

Please, Miss, Can I Play God? Notes and Sketches based on an adventure in dramatic play. Methuen, London, 1966. Bobbs-Merrill, NYC, 1966.
Joan Haggerty's first book is an early 1960s exploration of creative drama in an east end London, England elementary school. As a young teacher, she discovers that children learn best through play; by acting out their interpretations of the classics and developing their own dramas, they come to embrace the institutions of theatre as their own.

Daughters of the Moon. Bobbs-Merrill, NYC, 1971.
Set in Spain and England, Daughters of the Moon is a novel told from the point of view of a woman in labour. It begins with the first contraction and ends with the birth. Each contraction expands the protagonist's consciousness into the realm of touch and memory; the story unfolds in shifting dimensions of time and space as she re-lives the moments that bring the arrival of her daughter.

The Invitation: A Memoir of Family Love and Reconciliation. Douglas & McIntyre, Vancouver/Toronto, 1994.
The Invitation is a memoir about the author's son, her second child, who grew up with a couple in Paris. It tells the story of their reunion in France and their later visits in Vancouver, B.C. It was nominated for Governor General's Award in 1994.

The Dancehall Years. Mother Tongue Publishing Ltd., Saltspring Island, B.C., 2016.
Both an epic adventure and an interracial drama, this complex family saga begins one summer on Bowen Island and in Vancouver during the Depression and moves through Pearl Harbour, the evacuation of the Japanese and three generations into the 1980s.

title: Joan Haggerty


text:
Talk:Nucleophilic substitution reaction

I need a scale or diagram that will show me which reactants are more powerful than others in there order. so i could look at it and see if a potassium would replace a sodium... and so on and so forth...

Sodium would never replace potassium or potassium sodium. Nucleophilic substitution requires nucleophiles, which under any remotely likely circumstance sodium and potassium are not. The order of reactivity for SN1 is 1º>2º>3º halides. SN2 is the opposate, with a requirement being that the nucleophile being added must be stronger than the nucleophile being replaced (IE, iodide is better than fluoride) EagleFalconn 17:52, 9 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I just read this- there are a couple of errors. Firstly the order is 1º<2º<3º for SN1, and the other way round for SN2.  Also, although SN2 requires a strong nucleophile, it does not have to be STRONGER than the one it is displacing- as long as there is a driving force.  That is a confusion of kinetic versus thermodynamic factors.

Walkerma 15:57, 28 July 2005 (UTC)

Proposed merger with Nucleophilic substitution
I placed the merger notice, as this article seems to cover the same things as the other one. I personally prefer the other article, but there may be things in THIS article that are worth keeping in the merged article. Walkerma 04:26, 17 July 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Nucleophilic substitution reaction