text:
Talk:Joint European Torus

Untitled
What is the Microsoft JET engine? (apart form being "the thing that makes MS Access crash") -- Tarquin 08:20 5 Jul 2003 (UTC)

Moved?
This was moved from JET, the normal name for the thing, to Joint European Torus - why? The normal action would be to have a note at the top of the page...

James F. (talk) 22:34, 15 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * Indeed. As a former employee on the project, I can tell you that it is always called 'JET', and the full-name never used. Dan100 19:04, Dec 14, 2004 (UTC)

 * Still it's full name is "Joint European Torus" and its how we refer to it in our own PR material. (I'm a current PhD student on JET) --CnlPepper 00:04, 13 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * (puke) we have differnt disabiguation pages at JET and jet (disambiguation) my suggestion would be to redirect JET to here and add a pointer to jet (disambiguation). Plugwash 01:48, 8 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Agreed. Since no one seems to object, I've taken the liberty of merging JET into Jet, and redirecting to Joint European Torus - Jak (talk) 18:12, 25 June 2006 (UTC)

Most powerful reactor?
JT-60's wikipedia entry claims that it is "the world's most powerful fusion reactor." This contradicts the claim in this article that JET "is the largest and most powerful nuclear fusion reactor yet built." Unless they're both equal in power, they can't both be the most powerful... TerraFrost 04:34, 7 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * It's so hard to define 'powerful'. Powerful in what way? Maximum heating capability? Alpha-particle self-heating? Total fusion power liberated? I think that unless one is being very specific, it's best to avoid using the term. Dan100 19:55, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)

The last sentence of the first paragraph appeared confusing to me: "It was the largest machine in production when the JET design began." How could JET be the largest machine in production when the design began? :-) I made it clearer by changing to: "At the design stage JET was larger than any such machine then in production." This omits the previous entry's reference (as shown). Unfortunately the link associated with that now seems out of date. CatNip48 (talk) 19:11, 21 August 2021 (UTC)

Theory
i've just added a lot of theory, pretty much doubling the length of the article. however i am worried about copyright. i based my writings on a HowStuffWorks article, even "stealing" a photo. i hope that, as a educational website, they will have no quarrel with me. can anyone help with the copywrite? i'm out of my depth. mastodon 17:57, 18 January 2006 (UTC)

Fusion and nuclear waste
I was about to post a comment on the talk page of cold fusion, when I saw that what I think is a fairly basic piece of misinformation is repeated on this article.

The second paragraph of the cold fusion article currently reads Hot nuclear fusion using deuterium has the potential to yield large amounts of energy, uses an abundant fuel source, and produces only small amounts of manageable waste...

On the same theme, this article (Joint European Torus) currently lists under advantages: ''Less nuclear waste - Fusion reactors will not produce high-level nuclear wastes, as fission does, so disposal will be less of a problem. In addition, the wastes will not be of weapons-grade nuclear materials as is the case in fission reactors.''

That seems wrong on two grounds. Firstly, the development of lining materials to withstand the enormous neutron flux of a sustained D-T reaction at all is a key unsolved problem. The development of such materials that will not become high-level waste is an even bigger challenge, which the proposed materials testing reactor to be constructed in Japan as part of the ITER project will seek to address. So this is really speculation, but it reads as fact.

Secondly, the wastes produced by most fission power stations are anything but weapons-grade, and every new technology that extends the fuel life (more to minimise refuelling stoppages than to reduce fuel usage but it's still a strong trend) makes the spent fuel even less useful for weapons.

It seems pointless trying to fix the cold fusion article while we have such misleading statements in this one.

See http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/0029-5515/43/7/301/ for one paper that hints at some of the challenges. Comments welcome. Andrewa 16:12, 10 February 2006 (UTC)

 * The majority of the high level waste produced from a fission plant is the by-products of the fission reaction - products such as cobolt-60 and strontium-90. Nasty, nasty stuff. Fusion does not have this source of waste, the by-product of D-T fusion is non-radioactive helium. The advantage of fusion in this regard is correctly stated, a fusion reactor would not produce anywhere near the volume of waste a fission reactor does. CnlPepper 10:12, 5 April 2006 (UTC)

Cobalt-60 is still produced in the JET reactor as a by-product of neutron activation from the D-T fusion. Although the levels are much lower than that present in fission reactions, it is still present and is still a very nasty by-product. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 194.81.223.66 (talk) 14:58, 9 April 2013 (UTC)

How is Cobalt-60 produced in JET? The elements exposed to neutron flux are all low atomic number such as Hydrogen, Helium, Beryllium and maybe Carbon. To produce Cobalt-60 from neutrons would require some common Cobalt-59 to be present. I think it is safe to assume that the designers will not include anything like CO-59 in the structure which is known to produce nasty isotopes under neutron irradiation. Mtpaley (talk) 22:12, 7 June 2013 (UTC)

World Record
Eeer, JT-60 achieved a larger power output, didn't they? They had 55 MW of RF and NBI heating, and a Q of 1.25... Danielfong 01:35, 1 March 2006 (UTC)

 * No, JT60U does not run with Tritium. The Q of 1.25 they claim is an estimate of the fusion power that would have been achieved if the D-D fusion plasma in which the experiment was performed were replaced with a D-T plasma. The JET record is a real D-T shot, ie JET really produced power while JT60U did not (D-D fusion produces negligible power in current devices). I've added a referece to the relevant JT60U paper and clarified this the text (btw I forgot to log in before my last edit, the edit listed as 194.81.223.66 is me). CnlPepper 10:12, 5 April 2006 (UTC)

How much electricity can it make?
I was just curious as to how much electricity a fusion reactor can make.

Can you throw out a generic guess like "its gonna be 20 times more powerful than a fission reactor, produce less than 1% of the waste, and after all research is done, cost only 5 times as much to produce additional ones," or something like that?

Or does it produce the same amount of heat that a fission reactor does, for far less in fuel cost? Or three times as much heat, allowing you to turn 3 times as much water into steam, that steam rising up to turn turbines and thus produce electricity. Dream Focus 05:33, 2 February 2007 (UTC)

 * The real answer is noone knows yet. If fusion works out then there should be basically no high level long lasting waste (there will still be a lot of the low level stuff because of the neutron bombardments on parts of the reactor) but its hard to come up with concrete figures when you don't even have a working (over breakeven) reactor and noone knows just how well the reactor materials will hold up under sustained neutron bombardment. Fuel costs should be relatively minor (lithium is a common metal and duterium can be obtained by using isotope sorting methods on ordinary hydrogen)

 * The really big advantages though are it would be virtually impossible to weaponise (fusion bombs do not use anything made by fusion reactors) and it would not be at risk of a meltdown since the reaction isn't self sustaining. Plugwash 21:31, 2 February 2007 (UTC)

Unbalanced content
Seems to have too much about staffing and construction, and needs more on the engineering design and science programs and results. - Rod57 (talk) 12:59, 7 October 2011 (UTC)

flywheels
One of the interesting design decisions in JET was to not use superconducting magnets (for reasons of cost). Instead, the magnets are made from thick copper, with internal water pipers for cooling. They are powered via the flywheel generators. The amount of energy stored in the flywheels (and the amount of temperature rise tolerable for the magnets) is the main reason why JET cannot operate for more than 30 seconds at a time. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.10.237.122 (talk) 23:59, 1 May 2014 (UTC)
 * We should mention that (with a source) - maybe in a new section on critical design decisions. I estimate it takes about 20 mins to spin up the flywheels (at 8.8 MW each), and presumably less than an hour to re-cool the coils since they can average 22 shots/day. - Rod57 (talk) 19:50, 5 December 2015 (UTC)

The flywheels are maintained at half speed (112 rpm) and are accelerated to operational speed prior to pulse countdown. Acceleration is 13 rpm per minute to a speed calculated to be sufficient to deliver power for the scheduled pulse. Jkgoff (talk) 18:45, 8 September 2022 (UTC)

The mass units need to be consistent, or at least clarified. Is the mass unit a metric tonne or an Imperial ton? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Togo59 (talk • contribs) 18:18, 7 July 2024 (UTC)

Only one to have used D-T fuel ? - No
Can we say, eg in lead, that so far it is the only magnetic confinement fusion device to have used tritium fuel, and [therefore?] is the only one to have generated fusion power (as shown by a neutron flux) ? - Rod57 (talk) 19:42, 5 December 2015 (UTC)

 * No. TFTR was also designed specifically to use D-T fuel with the express goal of reaching breakeven in order to garner political support. It ran on D-T shortly after JET's first attempts. That makes JET one of two machines to do this, with ITER being the next to try. Of course, NIF has also used D-T. Maury Markowitz (talk) 16:18, 15 December 2017 (UTC)

Power requirements
The reference says that peak power requirements can be over 1000MW. That's definitely not the same as "up to 1GW", as one is specifically under that figure and the other is specifically over it. The upper bound is greater than 1GW. Some runs may not demand so much power, and not surpass 1GW. I don't see a problem with the phrasing "up to over 1GW" as a way of expressing this, but in any case the current wording is flat out wrong.

201.230.243.47 (talk) 16:52, 9 December 2015 (UTC)

 * Looking great now!

201.230.243.47 (talk) 20:26, 9 December 2015 (UTC)

Goal of breakeven
In the introduction, it states that JET was "built with the ultimate goal of reaching scientific breakeven ". I don't think that this is true. This isn't supported by reference [1] (only relevant passage I could find is on page 25) and is contradicted in other contemporary references and. (see pages 25 and 17 respectively).

I have modified the passage to "built with the hope of reaching breakeven [1,2,3]".

balljust (talk) 11:03, 25 January 2019 (UTC)

 * Here are some direct quotes from the JET Project Design Proposal (1976):
 * Source: https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/cc7f776b-5261-4f34-b4de-3734ddf0624c/language-en
 * "This proposal describes a large tokamak experiment, which aims to study plasma behaviour in conditions and dimensions approaching those required in a fusion reactor." (p. iv)
 * "The experiment known as the Joint European Torus (JET) involves building and studying a large tokamak type device and should yield decisive results on the practical feasibility and definition of a Tokamak reactor." (p. 1)
 * "Possible performance data for JET: Ignition Domain" (p. 18)
 * "The essential objective of JET is to obtain and study a plasma in conditions and dimensions approaching those needed in a thermonuclear reactor." (p. 25)
 * "The alpha particles may be produced by direct reactions from an energetic beam of deuterium injected into a tritium plasma, and in this case it is likely that the break-even condition will be reached. The break-even condition is obtained when the energy injected by the beam is equal to the energy released by the induced fusion reactions. In the event that the confinement of energy is long enough, thermonuclear reactions between the particles of the plasma itself may produce enough alpha particles to play a significant role in the energy balance." (p. 28-29)

 * Here are some direct quotes about TFTR in Popular Science (1978):
 * "TFTR will achieve not just a power break-even, but will be a net producer, in terms of heat." Anne Davies, U.S. Department of Energy, quoted in Popular Science, 1978
 * "TFTR is the next generation. It is where we try to get out as much energy as we put in." Anne Davies, U.S. Department of Energy, quoted in Popular Science, 1978
 * "The TFTR will not be an ordinary fusion research device. For some 30 years, physicists have been trying to achieve breakeven fusion energy — to get out more energy than they put in. The TFTR seems likely to reach that goal in the early 1980s. When that happens, scientists will have proved that fusion power is scientifically feasible. The next step will be to construct a fusion reactor that generates electricity." - Edward Edelson, Popular Science, 1978

 * StevenBKrivit (talk) 16:10, 18 July 2020 (UTC)

 * Hi - Per WP:LEAD, the lead section of the article should be a summary of the main text. It should not introduce any new material. I did a lot of work to clean this article up in 2016 but a lot of new material seems to have crept in. I will take another look. Best wishes. Dormskirk (talk) 16:42, 18 July 2020 (UTC)

 * Hi Dormskirk: You have removed the three sentences that discussed the primary goal of JET: reaching scientific breakeven, a goal which JET failed to achieve.

 * "This is also the world record for Q, at 0.67. A Q of 1 is scientific breakeven, a point JET was not ultimately able to reach."
 * "JET was specifically designed to approximate the conditions required in a commercial fusion reactor. Its designers also hoped that it might achieve ignition."
 * "Both were built with the hope of reaching scientific breakeven"

 * This will please fusion advocates and it will benefit the public relations for the fusion community, but it reduces the accuracy and value of this Wikipedia article for the general public. Perhaps it was not your intention to systematically remove this information? I don't fight with other editors on Wikipedia, therefore, I will leave it to you fix, if you want to do so.

 * StevenBKrivit (talk) 17:57, 18 July 2020 (UTC)

 * I have added in the "Q at 0.67" But left out the other matters. It is entirely a matter of following the wikipedia guidelines. The lead should be a summary of main article and at the moment the other matters are neither mentioned in the main text or sourced. Best wishes. Dormskirk (talk) 18:12, 18 July 2020 (UTC)

 * In fact, breakeven is mentioned in the main text: "Although very successful, JET and its counterpart TFTR failed to reach breakeven."
 * If you need a source, I would propose the actual design spec, page 28: "The alpha particles may be produced by direct reactions from an energetic beam of deuterium injected into a tritium plasma, and in this case it is likely that the break-even condition will be reached."
 * Perhaps you would like to add this authoritative source to help improve the article?
 * StevenBKrivit (talk) 18:23, 18 July 2020 (UTC)

 * I think it would be helpful to add a bit more in the main text (but not in the lead for the moment). Breakeven needs to be explained in simple terms. I am just a bit concerned that the text from page 28 is too technical. It assumes the reader knows about alpha particles. Best wishes. Dormskirk (talk) 18:31, 18 July 2020 (UTC)

 * I actually think there is already enough in the main text on breakeven. Surely the words "JET set the record for the closest approach to scientific breakeven" already implies that breakeven was not achieved. Dormskirk (talk) 18:37, 18 July 2020 (UTC)

 * I'm not suggesting adding more text. I'm responding to one of your original concerns that the goal of JET breakeven was not sourced. I've provided a source. Why would you not want to improve the article by citing this source?
 * StevenBKrivit (talk) 18:43, 18 July 2020 (UTC)

 * OK. I get it now. I will add something. Best wishes. Dormskirk (talk) 18:47, 18 July 2020 (UTC)

 * Nice. Thanks for your contribution. Because there has been such pervasive public misunderstanding about scientific breakeven versus engineering breakeven, and respectively, Qfus versus Qeng, I'll add "scientific" in two more places. I will leave it to others to decide whether to disambiguate between the two Q values.
 * StevenBKrivit (talk) 19:13, 18 July 2020 (UTC)

Add notable experiments and results ?
The only mention of specific experiments and notable results seems to be in the intro. Can we have a larger section with a little more detail ? Maybe chronological ? If there had been lots of detail I was hoping to add something like :

He-3 used as radio energy absorber in multi-ion plasma
Both MIT's Alcator C-Mod tokamak and the Joint European Torus (JET) have experimented with adding a little He-3 to a H-D plasma to increase the absorption of radio-frequency (RF) energy to heat the H & D ions, a "three-ion" effect. --- Rod57 (talk) 08:39, 18 July 2020 (UTC)

Incorrect Information Provided Regarding JET Efficiency
Regarding the mod on 20 March by anonymous editor with IP 100.6.43.48 as follows:

 * The driver was 100 MW. The Joint European Torus used large flywheels to provide the pulsed power to run the machine.  Those flywheels created ~100 megawatts of power to run JET for the short (tens of seconds) of time needed to create the 16.1 megawatts.  By that measure, the efficiency of this machine was 16%.

This is contradicted by the fact, as first published by me, in 2016, that the JET reactor consumed power at a rate of 700 MW. My source was Nick Holloway, the spokesman for CCFE/UKAEA who provided that information to me on 1 December 2014, as follows:

In 2015, Holloway added a page on the EUROfusion Web site that says: "In total, when JET runs, it consumes 700 – 800 MW of electrical power (the equivalent of 1-2% of the UK’s total electricity usage!)."

Thus, the efficiency of the machine was 1% when input/output values are normalized to electric. StevenBKrivit (talk) 01:56, 21 March 2021 (UTC)

 * Thanks for that. I have removed the edit by IP 100.6.43.48 as it was unsourced. Dormskirk (talk) 10:17, 21 March 2021 (UTC)

 * I just received this message from DR Matt Moynihan, on my Talk Page:
 * "The Joint European Torus was not set up for power capture. Hence, 16 MW of power out of 23 MW of power in the plasma is a Q of 0.67. But with 100 MW in the fly wheels, the efficiency was closer to 16%. IF they had had electrical capture they efficiency would have closer to 4%. I have these numbers from Mark Henderson, Electron Cyclotron Section Leader at ITER.I am publishing a book on Fusion with Nature-Springer. Once my book is published, I will come back and cite my book with that information. Thanks, Dr. Matt Moynihan www.fusionconsultant.net — Preceding unsigned comment added by 100.6.43.48 (talk) 17:33, 25 March 2021 (UTC)"
 * I believe that no response to him is necessary at this time.
 * StevenBKrivit (talk) 21:07, 25 March 2021 (UTC)

Image size
Again, as so often in Wikipedia, here a "trap" of an clickable image (the top right image, link https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:JointEuropeanTorus_external.jpg), that does NOT appear in an expected bigger size then (would expect full-screen best), but in that near stamp-size format again. Disappointing for users, lost time, annoying and distracting at least me from using Wiki for the next time. Maybe an iPadOS problem (latest version)? 2001:16B8:261D:9800:CD61:C01E:86FA:FDDF (talk) 14:38, 1 July 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Joint European Torus


text:
Colleen Doran

Colleen Doran (born July 24, 1964) is an American writer-artist and cartoonist. She illustrated hundreds of comics, graphic novels, books and magazines, including the autobiographical graphic novel of Marvel Comics editor and writer Stan Lee entitled Amazing Fantastic Incredible Stan Lee, which became a New York Times bestseller. She adapted and did the art for the short story "Troll Bridge" by Neil Gaiman, which also became a New York Times bestseller. Her books have received Eisner, Harvey, Bram Stoker, Locus, and International Horror Guild Awards.

Her 2019 graphic novel adaptation of Neil Gaiman's short story Snow, Glass, Apples, won the Bram Stoker Award for Superior Achievement in a Graphic Novel, the Eisner Award for Best Adaptation from Another Medium, the Ringo Award and received nominations for the Eisner for Best Penciller/Inker and Best Artist Ringo. It was also nominated for the Reuben Award from the National Cartoonists Society for Best Graphic Novel.

Her adaptation of Neil Gaiman's Chivalry received the Eisner Award for Best Adaptation from Another Medium, Locus Award for Best Illustrated and Art Book for 2023, a nomination for the Reuben Award for Best Graphic Novel, the Ringo Award, and it was shortlisted for the Excelsior Award.

She also illustrated the works of Alan Moore, Warren Ellis, Joe R. Lansdale, Anne Rice, J. Michael Straczynski, Peter David and Tori Amos.

Early work
At age five, Doran won an art contest sponsored by the Walt Disney Company. Doran created her comic book series, A Distant Soil, at age twelve.

Doran landed her first work for an advertising agency at age fifteen. She attended Christopher Newport University for one year and the Art Institute of Pittsburgh online for one semester and used her professional works for curriculum credit. Science fiction artist Frank Kelly Freas was her mentor, and she apprenticed with him in the early 1980s

She broke into the comic book industry when still a teenager, scouted by Tom Long for his fanzine Graphic Showcase. Long hired Doran to draw a revival of the 1940s character Miss Fury. Underage Doran quit the assignment due to its adult content. She also contributed illustrations to the Hugo Award nominated fanzine Lan's Lantern.

A Distant Soil was published in fanzines as early as 1979, then scouted by The Donning Company Starblaze imprint before it was contracted by WaRP Graphics. Doran left the company after nine issues due to an acrimonious dispute with WaRP, which attempted to claim copyright and trademark on her work. The WaRP version of the story has never been reprinted despite its unusual all-pencil style, and Doran's ownership of the publishing rights.

Career
Doran discarded the 300 pages of work she did at Warp, and rewrote and redrew the entire A Distant Soil story from scratch, first with Donning, then as a self-publisher. A 1000-page long-form comics narrative, it has been published by Image Comics since 1996. It sold more than 700,000 copies in multiple printings. The production archives were destroyed by the printer, and an extensive restoration process brought the series back to publication in 2013.

Doran was scouted by Keith Giffen to work at DC Comics after he saw her work in the Legion of Superheroes fanzine Interlac. They went on to become frequent collaborators at DC on The Legion of Superheroes projects, Justice League 3001, and the series Reign of the Zodiac. Her art also appeared in Amethyst, Princess of Gemworld No. 12, multiple issues of Who's Who in the DC Universe and Who's Who in the Legion of Superheroes, Superman: Man of Steel Gallery, Christmas with the DC Superheroes, Captain Atom, Star Trek, and Hawkman Annual. She did art for several Teen Titans and Wonder Woman projects.

She illustrated portions of the "Dream Country" and "A Game of You" story arcs in Neil Gaiman's The Sandman series. The character Thessaly in Neil Gaiman's Sandman is based on Doran. Other Vertigo appearances include Shade, The Changing Man, Lucifer (DC Comics), Transmetropolitan and the original graphic novel Orbiter (comics) written by Warren Ellis.

Doran's premiere at Marvel Comics was in 1986, Swords of the Swashbucklers No. 9 and 11, with issue 11 having the dubious distinction of being one of the books confiscated in the 1986 Friendly Franks "obscene" comics raid that precipitated the formation of the Comic Book Legal Defense Fund. Swords of the Swashbucklers was eventually excluded from the prosecution proceedings.

Doran worked on other projects at Marvel including The Guardians of the Galaxy Annual No. 3, The Silver Surfer, Marvel Fanfare, Excalibur No. 28, Captain America: Drug Wars, Amazing Spider-Man, Friendly Neighborhood Spider-Man, a Power Pack mini-series, Handbook of the Marvel Universe, Mutant X, X-Factor, Marvel Girl Comics, and X-Men Millennial Visions for which she wrote and drew an entry. She also worked in the Special Projects Department on promotional, educational, and greeting card art, sometimes working directly with Stan Lee.

At Marvel Comics' Epic division, she worked on Clive Barker's Nightbreed No. 21 and No. 22 as interior and cover artist, and Clive Barker's Hellraiser No. 5 and No. 14, as artist and colorist.

Doran was a web columnist for Wizard Magazine in the early 1990s, and illustrated Super Idol for Warren Ellis in 2001, an early webcomics format experiment at Artbomb.

Doran is featured in the films Ringers (a documentary about The Lord of the Rings fans), Scenes From the Small Press: Colleen Doran by Rich Henn, Sex, Lies and Superheroes, the documentary The Cartoonist about Bone creator Jeff Smith, and Captured Ghosts, a documentary about writer Warren Ellis. She was also featured in the December 12, 2011 episode of "Stalked: Someone's Watching," a Discovery ID television series that profiles stalking incidents, focusing on interviews with victims.

Doran worked as a creator rights activist and as a lobbyist in Washington D.C., and served on the advocacy committee of the Graphic Artists Guild. Lecture venues include the Smithsonian Institution, The Singapore Writers Festival, the Comics Masterclass in Sydney, Australia, and the Maryland Institute College of Art. She spoke at CREATE: Protecting Creativity from the Ground Up at the Newseum in Washington DC, with Congresswoman Marsha Blackburn, Rick Carnes President of the Songwriters Guild of America, musician Suzanne Vega, and other artists and technology policy specialists.

2010s
Doran illustrated young adult novelist Barry Lyga's first graphic novel for Houghton Mifflin, Mangaman in 2011.

Gone to Amerikay, a graphic novel drawn by Doran and written by Derek McCulloch, was released in 2012 from DC/Vertigo. It is a "multi-generational Irish saga." Gone to Amerikay themed cover art was featured in the St. Patrick's Day edition of the Irish Echo, which was then presented to President Barack Obama by Deputy First Minister Martin McGuinness of Northern Ireland. An excerpt from Gone to Amerikay was chosen for inclusion in The Best American Comics 2013.

Doran produced cover art for The Walking Dead No. 1 (2015, Image Comics), Red Sonja (Dynamite, 2014), Marvel's S.H.I.E.L.D. No. 4 (2015), and Squirrel Girl No. 7 (2016). For DC Comics, she wrote and drew stories for The Vampire Diaries (2014), based on the TV show, and art for Justice League 3001 No. 6, 9 and 10 (2015–2016). For IDW's Womanthology (2012), she contributed biographical essays about classic cartoonists Rose O'Neill and Ethel Hays.

In 2015, she illustrated the autobiography Amazing Fantastic Incredible Stan Lee, co-written by Lee and Peter David.

With Alan Moore, she did the art for Big Nemo, a dystopian sequel to Winsor McCay's Little Nemo in Slumberland, as a webcomic for the Electricomics app.

She wrote script and did the art for an adaptation of Neil Gaiman's short story "Troll Bridge" as a graphic novel for Dark Horse, released in October 2016. She also worked on issues of Faith and X-O Manowar for Valiant Comics. She produced work for the adaptation of Neil Gaiman's American Gods. She was the artist for the series Finality with Warren Ellis at Line Webtoon.

In 2019, Dark Horse Comics published Doran's adaptation of Neil Gaiman's "Snow, Glass, Apples" which was described by The Comics Journal as a work which "...solidifies her place as one of the greatest cartoonists of her generation." The Horror Writers Association presented "Snow, Glass, Apples" with the Bram Stoker Superior Achievement in a Graphic Novel award for 2019. It also won the Eisner Award for Best Adaptation from Another Medium, and the Ringo Award for Best Graphic Novel.

2020s
In 2020, For "Wonder Woman 750" Doran and Gail Simone teamed up for a story featuring their "breakout" character Star-Blossom, whose first appearance was the Wonder Woman 75th Anniversary Special in 2016. Doran wrote and illustrated a short story for "Sensational Wonder Woman", and illustrated another Wonder Woman short story for "Wonder Woman Black: and Gold" in 2021. She also produced work for DC Comics' "Generations: Forged" and cover art for "Batman: Urban Legends".

In 2021 Doran produced art for the Z2 Comics graphic novel anthology The Doors: Morrison Hotel, an official graphic novel collection based on the music of the band The Doors. Her work was also used for limited edition prints and the bookplate.

Doran wrote and illustrated work for Balmain: Dreams 10 OR a graphic novel dedicated to the French fashion house Balmain in celebration of the 10 year anniversary of creative director Olivier Rousteing.

In 2022, Z2 Comics contracted Doran to produce work for officially licensed graphic novels for Blondie (band), Melissa Etheridge, and the 30th Anniversary of the Tori Amos album Little Earthquakes.

Forbes Magazine announced another Neil Gaiman/Doran collaboration for the adaptation of the Gaiman prose short story "Chivalry" from Dark Horse Comics. Released in March 2022, Doran hand-painted the work in watercolor, ink, and 18K gold after studying illuminated manuscript techniques.

In April 2022, Doran was reported among the more than three dozen comics creators who contributed to Operation USA's benefit anthology book, Comics for Ukraine: Sunflower Seeds, a project spearheaded by editor Scott Dunbier, whose profits would be donated to relief efforts for Ukrainian refugees resulting from the February 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Neil Gaiman's Chivalry was listed among the Ten Best Graphic Novels of the Year for 2022 by the Washington Post. Doran's work for Chivalry was the subject of a solo exhibit at the Museum of Cartoon Art in San Francisco California.

In 2023, The Society of Illustrators announced a solo exhibit for Doran's work entitled Colleen Doran Illustrates Neil Gaiman featuring work from Chivalry, Snow, Glass, Apples, Troll Bridge, Sandman, American Gods, and Norse Mythology.

Chivalry won the Eisner Award for Best Adaptation From Another Medium, and the Locus Award for Best Illustrated and Art Book for 2023. It was nominated for The Reuben Award for Best Graphic Novel, the Ringo Award, and The Excelsior Award.

In May 2023, it was announced that Doran would adapt the Terry Pratchett/Neil Gaiman novel Good Omens into a graphic novel.

Funded on Kickstarter, to be produced by the Terry Pratchett estate publishing company Dunmanifestin in 2024, the Good Omens graphic novel set a crowdfunding record for a comic book project with a final tally of approximately $3.1 million dollars.

In April 2024, it was announced the Good Omens project would be delayed to spring 2025 to allow Colleen Doran time to recover from cancer treatment.

Awards and honors

 * Eisner Award Best Adaptation from Another Medium Winner, Neil Gaiman's Chivalry, Eisner Awards 2023
 * Locus Award, Best Illustrated and Art Book Winner, Neil Gaiman's Chivalry, Locus Awards 2023
 * Ringo Award, Best Original Graphic Novel Nomination: Neil Gaiman's Chivalry, Ringo Awards 2023
 * 2023 Excelsior Award Shortlist Neil Gaiman's Chivalry, The Stan Lee Excelsior Awards
 * 2022 Reuben Award Best Graphic Novel Nominee, Neil Gaiman's Chivalry, National Cartoonists Society
 * 2022 Washington Post 10 Best Graphic Novels of the Year: Neil Gaiman's Chivalry
 * 2022 Best Graphic Novels for Adults: Neil Gaiman's Chivalry, American Library Association Graphic Novels and Comics Round Table
 * Eisner Award Best Adaptation from Another Medium Winner: Neil Gaiman's Snow, Glass, Apples, Eisner Awards 2020
 * Bram Stoker Award Superior Achievement in a Graphic Novel Winner: Neil Gaiman's Snow, Glass, Apples, Horror Writers Association 2019
 * Ringo Award Best Original Graphic Novel Winner: Neil Gaiman's Snow, Glass, Apples, Ringo Awards 2020
 * Eisner Award Best Penciller/Inker Nominee: Neil Gaiman's Snow, Glass, Apples, Eisner Awards 2020
 * Ringo Award Best Artist Nominee: Colleen Doran, Ringo Awards 2020
 * Reuben Award Best Graphic Novel Nominee: Neil Gaiman's Snow, Glass, Apples, National Cartoonists Society 2020
 * Tripwire Award Best Original Graphic Novel Nominee: Neil Gaiman's Snow, Glass, Apples, Tripwire Magazine 2020
 * Rondo Award Honorable Mention: Neil Gaiman's Snow, Glass, Apples, Rondo Hattan Classic Horror Awards 2019
 * Wizard World Hall of Legends 2017
 * Great Graphic Novels for Teens 2017 Nominee Non-Fiction: Amazing Fantastic Incredible Stan Lee, Stan Lee, Peter David, Colleen Doran, Young Adult Library Services Association 2017
 * The Best American Comics 2013: Gone to Amerikay excerpt, Derek McCulloch and Colleen Doran, Houghton Mifflin
 * Hugo Award Nominee: Chicks Dig Comics, Best Related Work 2013 (Group Nomination)
 * Great Graphic Novels for Teens Fiction: Mangaman 2012, Young Adult Library Services Association
 * Best Adult Books for Teens: Gone to Amerikay, Derek McCulloch and Colleen Doran, School Library Journal 2012
 * Eisner Award Winner: Tori Amos Comic Book Tattoo (anthology) 2009, Best Anthology (Group Award)
 * Harvey Award Winner: Tori Amos Comic Book Tattoo (anthology) 2009, Best Anthology (Group Award)
 * International Horror Guild Award: The Nightmare Factory (anthology) 2008, Best Illustrated Narrative (Group Award)
 * Eisner Award Winner: Best Archival Collection/Project Comic Books, Absolute Sandman, Vol 1 (Group Award)
 * Women Cartoonist's Hall of Fame, 2007, Friends of Lulu
 * Artist in Residence, Smithsonian Institution May 6–14, 2006 "Capricious Comics", Freer/Sackler Galleries, The Smithsonian Museums of Asian Art
 * Comics Buyer's Guide Fan Award Top Ten Nominee: Favorite Penciler, Favorite Inker, Favorite Cover Artist, Favorite Comic Book A Distant Soil 2004
 * Chesley Award Nominee, Monochrome Work Unpublished 2002
 * American Library Association 2002 featured speaker
 * Gaylactic Spectrum Award Nominee, A Distant Soil, Best Other Work 2001
 * Guest of Honor, San Diego Comic Con 1998
 * 3rd Annual Japan-US Manga Symposium, Tokyo 1996, Tezuka Productions
 * Eisner Award Nominee: Sandman, Best Serialized story 1993 (Group Nomination)
 * Eisner Award Winner: Sandman, Best Continuing Series 1993 (Group Award)
 * Eisner Award Winner: Sandman, Best Continuing Series 1992 (Group Award)
 * Eisner Award Nominee: Sandman: Dream Country, Best Graphic Album Reprint 1992 (Group Nomination)
 * Dori Seda Award Nominee: Most Promising New Female Cartoonist 1988

With Neil Gaiman: adaptations and related projects

 * American Gods: Volume I (2018) anthology (artist) Dark Horse Comics ISBN 1506703860
 * The Complete American Gods (2021) anthology (artist) Dark Horse Comics ISBN 1506720765
 * American Gods No. 4 (2017) (artist) Dark Horse Comics (ASIN:B0717B95ZN)
 * Chivalry (2022) Dark Horse Comics (graphic novel adaptation and artist ISBN 1506719112
 * The Sandman
 * Sandman Volume III: Dream Country (1991)(2010) DC Comics/Vertigo ISBN 978-1401229351
 * Sandman Volume III: Dream Country 30th Anniversary Edition (2018) DC Comics
 * Sandman No. 20 DC Comics/ Vertigo (artist)
 * Sandman Volume V: A Game of You (1993) DC Comics/Veritgo ISBN 1563890933
 * Sandman No. 34 DC Comics/ Vertigo (artist)
 * The Absolute Sandman Volume I (2006) DC Comics/Vertigo ISBN 978-1401210823
 * The Absolute Sandman Volume II (2007) DC Comics/Vertigo ISBN 978-1401210830
 * Sandman Omnibus Volume 1 (2013) DC Comics/Vertigo ISBN 978-1401241889
 * Sandman: A Gallery of Dreams (1994) DC Comics/Vertigo (ASIN: B002EAHJN0)
 * The Death Gallery (1996) DC Comics/Vertigo
 * Sandman 20th Anniversary Poster (2008)
 * Death: Deluxe Edition (2012) DC Comics/Vertigo ISBN 978-1401235482
 * Absolute Death (2009) DC Comics/Vertigo ISBN 978-1401224639
 * Snow, Glass, Apples (2019) Dark Horse Comics (graphic novel adaptation and artist) ISBN 1506709796
 * Vertigo Visions: Ten Years on the Edge (2003) Watson Guptill ISBN 978-0823056040
 * Lucifer No. 62 DC Comics/Vertigo (artist)
 * Lucifer: Volume 10: Morningstar (2006) DC Comics/Vertigo ISBN 978-1401210069
 * Troll Bridge (2016) Dark Horse Comics (graphic novel adaptation and artist) ISBN 150670008X
 * Troll Bridge (1998) Image Comics (short story adaptation and artist) (UNSPSC-Code: 55101500)

Graphic novels: original works, anthologies, and compilations

 * A Distant Soil graphic novel editions (creator/artist/writer):
 * Late-1980s original color editions:
 * A Distant Soil: Immigrant Song Donning/Starblaze (1987) ISBN 0-89865-514-5
 * A Distant Soil: Knights of the Angel Donning/Whitford Press (1989) ISBN 0-89865-557-9
 * 1990s and on black and white reprints:
 * A Distant Soil: The Gathering Image Comics (1997) compilation of comic issues 1–13 ISBN 1-887279-51-2
 * A Distant Soil: The Ascendant Image Comics (1998) compilation of comic issues 15–25 ISBN 1-58240-018-0
 * A Distant Soil: The Aria Image Comics (2001) compilation of comic issues 26–31 ISBN 1-58240-201-9
 * A Distant Soil: Coda Image Comics (2005) compilation of comic issues 32–38 ISBN 1-58240-478-X hardcover, November 2005, ISBN 1-58240-525-5
 * 2013 and on Digital Remasters and new editions:
 * A Distant Soil: The Gathering TPB Volume I Image Comics/Shadowline (2013) digitally remastered compilation of issues 1–13 with new story content ISBN 978-1607067870
 * A Distant Soil: The Ascendant TPB Volume II Image Comics/Shadowline (2014) digitally remastered compilation of issues 14–25 with new story content ISBN 978-1607068341
 * Amazing Fantastic Incredible Stan Lee (2015) Simon and Schuster graphic novel (artist) ISBN 978-1501107726
 * Anne Rice's The Master of Rampling Gate: A Graphic Tale of Unspeakable Horror (1991) Innovation graphic novel adaptation (artist) ASIN B00SB53P62
 * Balmain Dreams: 10 OR (2021) Z2 Comics original graphic novel anthology (artist)
 * Balmain Dreams: 10 OR (2021) VIP Tier Limited Edition (limited to 50 copies)
 * Balmain Dreams: 10 OR (2021) Special Edition Tier (limited to 3 copies)
 * The Book of Lost Souls: Introductions All Around (2006) Marvel Comics graphic novel compilation (artist) ISBN 978-0785119401
 * The Book of Lost Souls (2005) Marvel Comics/Icon issue #1–6
 * Disney
 * Walt Disney's Beauty and the Beast: A Tale of Enchantment (1992) Disney Comics
 * Disney Adventures
 * Disney Cartoon Tales: Beauty and the Beast, a Tale of Enchantment (1991) W.D. Publications ISBN 1-56115-267-6
 * Disney's Beauty and the Beast Junior Graphic Novel (1992) ISBN 1-56115-343-5
 * Disney Princess Treasury Volume I (2015) Joe Books ISBN 978-1926516028
 * A Princess Treasury (Step into Reading) (2010) Random House ISBN 978-0736427722
 * Gone to Amerikay (2012) DC Comics/Vertigo HC original graphic novel (artist) ISBN 978-1401223519
 * Mangaman (2011) Houghton Mifflin original graphic novel (artist) ISBN 978-0547423159
 * Morrison Hotel: Graphic Novel (2021) Z2 Comics anthology (artist) ISBN 1940878365
 * The Nightmare Factory (2007) Harper Paperbacks graphic novel adaptation anthology (artist) ISBN 0061243531
 * Orbiter original graphic novel (artist) (2003) DC Comics/Wildstorm HC ISBN 978-1401200565
 * Orbiter(2004) DC Comics/Vertigo TPB ISBN 978-1401202682
 * Ocean/Orbiter Deluxe Edition (2015) DC Comics/Vertigo HC ISBN 978-1401255343
 * Power Pack Classic Omnibus Vol. 2 graphic novel compilation (artist) (2021) Marvel Comics ISBN 1302930362
 * Marvel Fanfare No. 55, (artist) (1990)
 * Power Pack, Miniseries 1–4, (artist) (2000)
 * Spider-Man
 * Amazing Spider-Man Epic Collection: Cosmic Adventures (2013) ISBN 978-0785187899
 * Amazing Spider-Man No. 326 (1989)
 * Spider-Man: Died In Your Arms Tonight (2009) ISBN 978-0785144854
 * Amazing Spider-Man No. 600 (2009)
 * Spider-Man: Back In Black hardcover (2007) ISBN 978-0785129202
 * Spider-Man: Back in Black TPB (2008) ISBN 978-0785129967
 * Friendly Neighborhood Spider-Man Annual No. 1 (2007)
 * Spider-Man: Friendly Neighborhood Spider-Man, The Complete Collection (2017) ISBN 1582409641
 * Acts of Vengeance: Spider-Man and the X-Men (2021) ISBN 1302923110
 * Tori Amos: Comic Book Tattoo (2008) anthology (artist) Image Comics ISBN 1582409641
 * The Vampire Diaries (2014) DC Comics graphic novel compilation, (writer/artist) ISBN 978-1401248994
 * The Vampire Diaries #1,3 (writer) No. 6 (writer/artist) (2013) DC Comics
 * Wonder Woman
 * Wonder Woman by George Perez Vol. 4 (2020) DC Comics graphic novel compilation (artist) ISBN 1401291260
 * Wonder Woman No. 45 (1990) DC Comics (artist)
 * Wonder Woman Annual No. 2 DC Comics
 * Wonder Woman by George Perez Vol. 5 (2021) DC Comics graphic novel compilation (artist) ISBN 1779502281
 * Wonder Woman No. 49 (1990) DC Comics (artist)
 * Wonder Woman: The Once and Future Story (1998) DC Comics original graphic novel ISBN 978-1563893735
 * Sensational Wonder Woman (2021) DC Comics graphic novel compilation (writer/artist) ISBN 177951266X
 * Sensational Wonder Woman No. 5 (2021) DC Comics (writer/artist)
 * Wonder Woman Black and Gold (2022) DC Comics graphic novel compilation (artist) ISBN 1779516584

Illustration

 * Dead in the West by Joe R. Lansdale (2005) Nightshade Books, ISBN 1-597800-14-7
 * Generation Wonder: The New Age of Heroes by Barry Lyga et al (2022) Abrams Books ISBN 978-1-4197-5446-3
 * Star Wars
 * Art of Star Wars Galaxy, Vol 2. (1994) Berkeley Publishing Group, ISBN 978-1883313036
 * Star Wars Galaxy Magazine No. 4
 * Star Wars Galaxy 4 Trading Cards
 * Star Wars Galactic Files 2 Trading Cards
 * Star Wars Clone Wars Trading Cards
 * Star Wars: Dr Aphra Annual #3, cover artist

Exhibits

 * Colleen Doran Illustrates Neil Gaiman, 2023,The Society of Illustrators, New York City, NY
 * Chivalry: The Art of Colleen Doran, 2022, Cartoon Art Museum, San Francisco, CA
 * The Legend of Wonder Woman, 2021, Cartoon Art Museum, San Francisco, CA
 * Women in Comics, 2021, Palazzo Merulana, Rome, Italy
 * Women in Comics: Looking Forward, Looking Back, 2020, Society of Illustrators, New York, NY
 * A Boy and His Tiger: A Tribute to Bill Watterson, 2020, Cartoon Art Museum, San Francisco, CA
 * Four Color Images Gallery, New York, NY
 * Kunstlerhaus, Stuttgart, Germany
 * Porto, Portugal
 * Secession Gallery, Vienna, Austria
 * Gijon Cultural Center, Gijon, Spain
 * San Francisco Cartoon Art Museum, San Francisco, CA
 * Museum of Cartoon Art, Rye Brook, New York
 * Gallery Nucleus: 20 Years of Sandman 2008
 * Gallery Nucleus: A Handful of Dust, 25 Years of Sandman
 * Krannert Art Museum; Out of Sequence: Underrepresented Voices in American Comics
 * Laboratory of Art and Ideas at Belmar; Out of Sequence

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Colleen Doran


text:
Tatiana Grigorieva

Tatiana Vladimirovna Grigorieva (Татьяна Владимировна Григорьева; born 8 October 1975) is a retired Australian pole vaulter. She retired from the sport in 2007 after a 10-year career that saw her win Olympic, Commonwealth and World Championship medals. She went on to star in series six of Dancing with the Stars and as Olympia on the 2008 revival of Gladiators.

Biography
Grigorieva was born in Leningrad, Soviet Union, today again Saint Petersburg, Russia. As a former national level hurdler in Russia, Grigorieva took up pole vaulting when she migrated to Australia in 1997. Within 12 months of picking up a pole, she became one of the world's best, placing third in the 1998 Goodwill Games in New York. In her first appearance at the 1999 World Championships in Athletics, she won the bronze medal.

But it was at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney when she stepped into the spotlight and became a household name. On a night when Cathy Freeman won gold, the Australian home audience had a real bonus in seeing Grigorieva jump a personal best and win silver. The ensuing fame saw Grigorieva take up a number of off-field commitments whilst still continuing to train and compete.

At the 2001 World Championships in Canada, competing against the odds due to an injury restricted campaign, Grigorieva equalled her personal best to claim fourth. In the final competition of the season, as she had done in the Olympics, she edged very close to the world record with a clearance of 4.56 m (a personal best jump) in Yokohama.

At her first Commonwealth Games in 2002, she went into the competition as the overwhelming favourite with enormous pressure on her. Grigorieva's goal was to win gold and set a new games record – she achieved both.

In 2003 and 2004, despite maintaining a high standard and a place amongst the world's best, injury, illness and the emotional strain of her marriage breakup, resulted in her missing opportunities to represent Australia in the World Championships and Olympics. In 2005, Grigorieva put all that behind her, changing her training regime, place of residence and focus in life. She had a successful season, making the finals of the World Championships and winning the Osaka Grand Prix to retain her Japanese record set in 2001.

In 2006 Grigorieva's focus was defending her title at the Commonwealth Games in front of her home crowd. The untimely, mysterious loss of her vaulting poles and a nagging hamstring injury days before the event saw her competing at a slight disadvantage. However, she walked away with a silver medal in a performance that was close to her very best. 2006 was clearly her best ever international season where she jumped over 4.5 m six times and recorded two new personal best heights within days of each other and regained a place in the top five.

Since 2000 Grigorieva has appeared in numerous television programs and ad campaigns and magazines and on a number of magazines covers including from Inside Sport and Black+White to GQ in Italy and Esquire in the UK.

Her practical experience and desire to help others is now backed by her continuing studies towards a Health Science degree at the Australian College of Natural Medicine. She also had completed qualifications in Reiki, Pilates and Yoga.

In November 2007, Grigorieva and her partner Plamen Milanov opened the "Caffe e Gelato Milany" on Racecourse Road in the Brisbane suburb of Hamilton.

In December 2008 Grigorieva was named international spokesperson for the fruit bar CheekyChewz manufactured by the Australian company Australian Food Innovators. Her first project has been arranging an initiative that will see 50 cents from every bar sold through Variety's website donated to that organisation.

title: Tatiana Grigorieva


text:
Talk:Nick Griffin

Question
Since he was expelled by the BNP is he still President For Life?213.205.251.95 (talk) 23:19, 9 May 2015 (UTC)

Sorry if I'm violating protocol, but I don't know where to put this. Griffin is quoted in the article as saying: "a lot of people find the sight of two grown men kissing in public really creepy. I understand that homosexuals don't understand that but that's how a lot of us [Christians] feel." when what he actually said according to the linked source was: "a lot of people find the sight of two grown men kissing in public really creepy. I understand that homosexuals don't understand that but that's how a lot of us feel, Christians feel that way, Muslims, all sorts of people." I do not think the quotation as given in the article accurately represents this statement. Signed previous comment by129.21.66.206 (talk) 23:57, 5 May 2019 (UTC)

I put that in and have edited it out, thanks for pointing out the inaccuracy.--Phil of rel (talk) 19:08, 13 February 2023 (UTC)

Category
can someone add Category:One-eyed people to the article. Posted at 1:22, 10 May 2015 by User:203.190.222.222

 * Done. And removed from this talk page. But is it of any real importance? Emeraude (talk) 18:18, 10 May 2015 (UTC)

 * Agree entirely. Would you make a special category for people with one bollock? --OhNoPeedyPeebles (talk) 21:45, 24 September 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 5 one external links on Nick Griffin. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20071227193322/http://www.oldham.gov.uk:80/local-elections-2003 to http://www.oldham.gov.uk/local-elections-2003
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20110610192513/http://www.dailystar.co.uk/news/view/105162/Oh-it-s-our-fault-is-it-mr-griffin-We-cop-the-blame/ to http://www.dailystar.co.uk/news/latest-news/105162/Oh-it-s-our-fault-is-it-Mr-Griffin
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20090205092914/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk:80/news/article-23450274-details/BBC+in+race+row+after+leader+blames+Muslims+for+Britain%27s+drug+problems/article.do to http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/news/article-23450274-details/BBC+in+race+row+after+leader+blames+Muslims+for+Britain%27s+drug+problems/article.do
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20091221184455/http://www.equalityhumanrights.com:80/media-centre/june-2009/bnp-commission-takes-action-over-potential-breach-of-race-discrimination-law/ to http://www.equalityhumanrights.com/media-centre/june-2009/bnp-commission-takes-action-over-potential-breach-of-race-discrimination-law/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20090828022854/http://www.europarl.org.uk:80/section/1999/1999-election-candidates? to http://www.europarl.org.uk/section/1999/1999-election-candidates

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 09:03, 24 February 2016 (UTC)

 * All correct except the second one which Wayback recognises but cannot display. The correct URL is http://www.dailystar.co.uk/news/latest-news/105162/Oh-it-s-our-fault-is-it-Mr-Griffin and I have added that manually. Emeraude (talk) 18:15, 9 March 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Nick Griffin. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Attempted to fix sourcing for //www.bnp.org.uk/faq.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 16:25, 9 March 2016 (UTC)
 * Checked to be working. – HelgaStick (talk) 22:05, 18 December 2016 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 2 October 2018
Nick Griffin and his wife no longer live in Llanerfyl, Powys, Wales but moved to a house in Shropshire, England in 2018. This reference should be changed on the information panel on the top right, along with the reference under Personal Life.

Information panel: "Residence - Llanerfyl, Powys, Wales", should be changed to, "Residence - Shropshire, England"

Personal Life: "Griffin lives with his family in a farmhouse in Llanerfyl, near Welshpool, in Wales.", should be changed to, "Griffin lives with his family in Shropshire, England."

Uncleben2018 (talk) 20:26, 2 October 2018 (UTC)

Many thanks! Uncleben2018 (talk) 20:21, 2 October 2018 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. cymru.lass (talk • contribs) 23:06, 2 October 2018 (UTC)
 * He has got a bit of coverage in the Shropshire Star, but I cannot find anything that established he lives there, though I did find a referencing to him wanting to move the Hungary.Slatersteven (talk) 13:59, 6 May 2019 (UTC)

Place of residence is out of date
Article states "Griffin lives with his family in a farmhouse in Llanerfyl, near Welshpool, in Wales."

I live in the property next door and griffin sold the farmhouse about two years ago and no longer lives there.

--Bert Devonshire (talk) 21:39, 21 March 2021 (UTC)

 * Prefixed this statement with "As of 2009 ..." to suggest it's dated. --h2g2bob (talk) 21:54, 21 March 2021 (UTC)

Thanks!

This is the record of the sale on nethouseprices.com. The name of the property is Y Gribbin, not "Cribbin".

--Bert Devonshire (talk) 08:56, 22 March 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Nick Griffin


text:
Cabinet of Canada

The Cabinet of Canada (Cabinet du Canada) is a body of ministers of the Crown that, along with the Canadian monarch, and within the tenets of the Westminster system, forms the government of Canada. Chaired by the prime minister, the Cabinet is a committee of the King's Privy Council for Canada and the senior echelon of the Ministry, the membership of the Cabinet and Ministry often being co-terminal; there were no members of the latter who were not also members of the former.

For practical reasons, the Cabinet is informally referred to either in relation to the prime minister in charge of it or the number of ministries since Confederation. The current Cabinet is the Cabinet of Justin Trudeau, which is part of the 29th Ministry. The interchangeable use of the terms cabinet and  ministry is a subtle inaccuracy that can cause confusion.

Governor-in-Council
The Government of Canada, formally referred to as His Majesty's Government, is defined by the constitution as the King acting on the advice of his Privy Council; what is technically known as the Governor-in-Council, referring to the governor general as the King's delegate. However, the Privy Council—composed mostly of former members of parliament, current and former chief justices of Canada, and other elder statesmen—rarely meets in full; as the stipulations of responsible government require that those who directly advise the monarch and governor general on how to exercise the Royal Prerogative be accountable to the elected House of Commons, the day-to-day operation of government is guided only by a sub-group of the Privy Council made up of individuals who hold seats in Parliament. This body of ministers of the Crown is the Cabinet, which has come to be the council in the phrase King-in-Council.

In the context of constitutional monarchy and responsible government, the ministerial advice tendered is typically binding; though, it is important to note that the royal prerogative belongs to the Crown, not to any of the ministers, and the royal and viceregal figures may unilaterally use these powers in exceptional constitutional crisis situations. There are also a few duties which must be specifically performed by, or bills that require assent by, the King. Royal assent has never been denied to a law passed by the federal Parliament.

One of the main duties of the Crown is to appoint as prime minister the individual most likely to maintain the confidence of the House of Commons; this is usually the leader of the political party with a plurality of seats in that house. But, when no party or coalition holds a majority (referred to as a hung parliament), or similar scenario, the governor general's judgment about the most suitable candidate for prime minister must be brought into play. The prime minister thereafter heads the Cabinet. The King is informed by his viceroy of the acceptance of the resignation of a prime minister and the swearing-in of a new ministry and he remains fully briefed through regular communications from his Canadian ministers and holds audience with them whenever possible.

Selection and structure
The governor general appoints to the Cabinet persons chosen by the prime minister—John A. Macdonald once half-jokingly listed his occupation as cabinet maker. While there are no legal qualifications of the potential ministers, there are a number of conventions that are expected to be followed. For instance, there is typically a minister from each province, ministers from visible minority, with disability and Indigenous groups, female ministers, and, while the majority of those chosen to serve as ministers of the Crown are members of Parliament, a cabinet sometimes includes a senator, especially as a representative of a province or region where the governing party won few or no ridings. Efforts are further made to indulge interest groups that support the incumbent government and the party's internal politics must be appeased. It is not legally necessary for Cabinet members to have a position in parliament although they are almost always selected from the House of Commons.

As with other Westminster-derived governments, but unlike the United States Cabinet, the size and structure of the Canadian Cabinet is relatively malleable, the slate of Cabinet positions tending to be substantially restructured periodically, the last major period of realignment occurring between 1993 and 1996. Throughout the 20th century, cabinets had been expanding in size until the Cabinet chaired by Brian Mulroney, with a population of 40 ministers. Mulroney's successor, Kim Campbell, reduced this number and Jean Chrétien eliminated approximately 10 members of the ministry from the Cabinet, so that, by 1994, there were a total of 23 persons in Cabinet. Under the chairmanship of Paul Martin, the number increased again to 39, in the vicinity of which it has remained. The Trudeau Cabinet comprised 37 ministers in 2021.

Cabinet itself—or full Cabinet—is further divided into committees. The Treasury Board, overseeing the expenditure of the sovereign's state funds within every department, is one of the most important of these. The structure of Cabinet fluctuates between and within ministries. For example, the Priorities and Planning Committee, often referred to as the inner Cabinet, was the body that set the strategic directions for the government under Stephen Harper, approving key appointments and ratifying committee memberships. This committee ceased to exist under Justin Trudeau. Other Cabinet committees common across committee structures include operations, social affairs, a committee focused on economic growth, foreign affairs and security, the environment, and energy security. Each committee is chaired by a senior minister whose own portfolio may intersect with the mandate of the committee.

Ministers, secretaries, and deputies

Each minister of the Crown is responsible for the general administration of at least one government portfolio and heads a corresponding ministry or ministries, known in Canada as departments or agencies. The most important minister, following the first minister, is the minister of finance, while other high-profile ministries include foreign affairs, industry, justice, and health. The official order of precedence does not follow the same pattern, however, with ministers being listed in the order of their appointment to the Privy Council; if appointed on the same day, the individuals are placed in order of their election or appointment to Parliament.

Unique positions in Cabinet are those such as leader of the government in the House of Commons and president of the King's Privy Council, who have no corresponding department and some ministers, such as the minister for international cooperation, head agencies under the umbrella of a department run by another minister. Further, the prime minister may recommend the governor general appoint to Cabinet some ministers without portfolio, which was last done in 2021, when Prime Minister Trudeau advised the appointment of Jim Carr as Special Representative to the Prairies. Unlike in many other Westminster model governments, ministers of state in Canada are considered full members of Cabinet, rather than of the ministry outside it, which has the effect of making the Canadian Cabinet much larger than its foreign counterparts. These individuals are assigned specific, but temporary, responsibilities on a more ad hoc basis, fulfilling tasks created and dissolved to suit short-term government priorities from within a department under a full minister of the Crown. Ministers of state may also be named, but not specified any particular responsibilities, thus giving them the effective appearance of ministers without portfolio, or be delegated problems or initiatives that cut across departmental boundaries, a situation usually described as having the [situation] file.

Members of the Cabinet receive assistance from both parliamentary secretaries—who will usually answer, on behalf of a minister, questions in the House of Commons—and deputy ministers—senior civil servants assigned to each ministry in order to tender non-partisan advice.

Responsibilities
Composed of advisors to the sovereign, the Cabinet has significant power in the Canadian system and, as the governing party usually holds a majority of seats in the legislature, almost all bills proposed by the Cabinet are enacted. Combined with a comparatively small proportion of bills originating with individual members of Parliament, this leads to Cabinet having almost total control over the legislative agenda of the House of Commons. Further, under the constitution, all legislation involving the raising or spending of public revenue must originate from the Cabinet.

Members of various executive agencies, heads of Crown corporations, and other officials are appointed by the Crown-in-Council; though, some of these may be made only by the Governor General-in-Council, specifically. Royal commissions and public inquiries are also called through a royal warrant issued by the King or Governor-in-Council.

All Cabinet meetings are held behind closed doors and the minutes are kept confidential for 30 years, Cabinet members being forbidden from discussing what transpires. Decisions made must be unanimous; though, this often occurs at the prime minister's direction and, once a decision has been reached, all Cabinet members must publicly support it. If any of these rules are violated, the offending minister is usually removed by the prime minister and, if the disagreement within the Cabinet is strong, a minister may resign, as did John Turner in 1975, over the subject of wage and price controls, and Michael Chong in 2006, over a parliamentary motion recognizing "the Québécois" as a nation within Canada.

However, the Cabinet's collective influence has been seen to be eclipsed by that of the prime minister alone. Former Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau is credited with consolidating power in the Office of the Prime Minister (PMO) and, at the end of the 20th century and into the 21st, analysts, such as Jeffrey Simpson, Donald Savoie, and John Gomery, argued that both Parliament and the Cabinet had become overshadowed by prime ministerial power. Savoie quoted an anonymous minister from the Liberal Party as saying Cabinet had become "a kind of focus group for the prime minister," while Simpson called cabinet a "mini-sounding board". Coyne wrote in 2015: "Cabinet does not matter [...] It does not govern: that is the job of the prime minister and of the group of political staff he has around him, and of the bureaucracy beyond them." John Robson criticised the use of the prime minister's name to identify the Cabinet, calling it a "bad habit" that "endorses while concealing the swollen pretension of the executive branch."

Shadow cabinets
Each party in His Majesty's Loyal Opposition creates a shadow cabinet, with each member thereof observing and critiquing one or more corresponding, actual Cabinet portfolios and offering alternative policies. The Official Opposition's shadow cabinet comprises members of the party holding the second-largest number of seats and is appointed by the leader of the Opposition; it is generally regarded as a "government in waiting". Its members are often, but not always, appointed to a Cabinet post, should the leader of their party be called to form a government.

Current Cabinet
The Liberal Party of Canada won the federal election of October 19, 2015, with a majority of seats in the House of Commons. The Cabinet, within the 29th Canadian Ministry, was sworn in on November 4, with Justin Trudeau appointed as prime minister.

The swearing-in of the new Cabinet also marked the first gender-balanced Cabinet in Canada's history, wherein an equal number of female and male ministers (15 of each, including the Prime Minister) were appointed. Trudeau has continued to maintain a gender-balanced Cabinet throughout several Cabinet shuffles during his time in office.

Initially, five members of Cabinet were appointed by orders-in-council as ministers of state, but styled without the traditional of state in their titles. These were the Ministers of Science, Small Business and Tourism, Sport and Persons with Disabilities, Status of Women, and La Francophonie. (However, the new Minister of La Francophonie was, at the same time, appointed Minister of International Development.) Ministers of state had previously represented a second order within the Cabinet (determined by a lower salary as defined by the Salaries Act, despite the Ministries and Ministers of State Act giving them full authority for any government function delegated to them. However, after details of the aforementioned orders-in-council were published, the new Cabinet stated its intent for there to "be no levels of Cabinet members" and it would table in Parliament amendments to the salary statutes, but also that the new ministers would continue to work with the existing departments rather than forming new ones.

On July 18, 2018, Trudeau reshuffled Cabinet. This included adding five new ministry positions, expanding the size of Cabinet 35. The Prime Minister shuffled Cabinet again on October 26, 2021, following the federal election that year, increasing Cabinet's membership to 39, thus upsetting the gender balance.

On July 26, 2023. Trudeau re-shuffled cabinet, adding 7 new ministers: Gary Anandasangaree as Minister of Crown–Indigenous Relations, Rechie Valdez as Minister of Small Business  Ya'ara Saks as Minister of Mental Health and Addictions and Associate Minister of Health, Jenna Sudds as Minister of Families, Children and Social Development, Arif Virani as Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada, Terry Beech as the first Minister of Citizen's Services, and Soraya Martinez Ferrada as Minister responsible for the Economic Development Agency of Canada for the Regions of Quebec. Ministers Joyce Murray, Omar Alghabra, Carolyn Bennett all announced they would not be seeking re-election. Ministers Mona Fortier, Marco Mendicino, and David Lametti were removed from cabinet. A total of over 30 changes were made. Notably Sean Fraser received a major promotion taking on the Housing file, and Pascale St-Onge took over at the Department of Canadian Heritage. This is the first major cabinet shuffle of Trudeau's tenure as Prime Minister and resembled a cabinet after a new government is sworn in with how many significant changes were made. Notably, Southwestern Ontario was left without representation in a critical economic region. There have been no Ministers from Southwest Ontario since Bardish Chagger was removed from cabinet in 2021. Trudeau's government is one of the first in decades to not have cabinet representation from the deeper Southwest of Ontario.

On July 19, 2024, Steven MacKinnon was appointed Minister of Labour and Minister of Seniors following the resignation of Seamus O'Regan.

 * Notes

Former portfolios

 * Minister of Border Security and Organized Crime Reduction (2018–2019)
 * Secretary of State for the Provinces (1867–1873)
 * Minister of Public Works (1867–1996)
 * Postmaster General (1867–1981)
 * Minister of Customs (1867–1918)
 * Minister of Inland Revenue (1867–1918)
 * Secretary of State for Canada (1867–1996)
 * Minister of Marine and Fisheries (1867–1930)
 * Superintendent-General Indian Affairs (1868–1936)
 * Minister of the Interior (1873–1936)
 * Solicitor General (1892–2003)
 * Minister of Mines (1907–1936)
 * Secretary of State for External Affairs (1909–1993)
 * Minister of Immigration and Colonization (1917–1936)
 * Minister of Soldiers' Civil Re-establishment (1918–1928)
 * Minister of Customs and Inland Revenue (1918–1921)
 * Minister of Customs and Excise (1921–1927)
 * Minister of Pensions and National Health (1928–1944)
 * Minister of Fisheries (1930–1971)
 * Minister of Mines and Resources (1936–1950)
 * Minister of Mines and Technical Surveys (1950–1966)
 * Minister of Resources and Development (1950–1953)
 * Minister of Citizenship and Immigration (1950–1966)
 * Minister of Northern Affairs and National Resources (1953–1966)
 * Minister of Manpower and Immigration (1966–1977)
 * Minister of Energy, Mines and Resources (1966–1995)
 * Minister of Consumer and Corporate Affairs (1968–1995)
 * Leader of the Government in the Senate (list) (1969–2013)
 * Minister of Regional Economic Expansion (1969–1982)
 * Minister of Economic Communications (1969–1996)
 * Minister of Supply and Services (1969–1996)
 * Minister of Industry, Trade and Commerce (1969–1983)
 * Minister of Employment and Immigration (1977–1996)
 * Minister of Regional Industrial Expansion (1984–1990)
 * Minister of Forestry (1990–1995)
 * Minister of National Health and Welfare (1944–1996)
 * Minister of Industry, Science and Technology (1990–1995)
 * Minister responsible for Constitutional Affairs (1991–1993)
 * Minister of Multiculturalism and Citizenship (1991–1996)
 * Minister of Human Resources Development (1996–2003)

title: Cabinet of Canada


text:
Sinti

The Sinti (also Sinta or Sinte; masc. sing. Sinto; fem. sing. Sintesa) are a subgroup of Romani people. They are found mostly in Germany, France and Italy and Central Europe, numbering some 200,000 people. They were traditionally itinerant, but today only a small percentage of Sinti remain unsettled. In earlier times, they frequently lived on the outskirts of communities.

The Sinti of Central Europe are closely related to the group known as Manouche in France. They speak the Sinti-Manouche variety of Romani, which exhibits strong German influence.

Etymology and origin
The origin of the Sinti people, as with the broader Romani people, lies generally in the Indian subcontinent. While people from the western Indian subcontinent's Sindh region were mentioned in 1100 by Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Maydani, it is unclear whether the Sindhi people were the ancestors of modern Sinti, though it is clear that Sinti and other Romani people originated in the northern Indian subcontinent.

The origin of the name is disputed. Scholar Jan Kochanowski, and many Sinti themselves, believed it derives from Sindhi, the name of a people of Sindh in medieval India (a region now in southeast Pakistan). Scholar Yaron Matras argued that Sinti is a later term in use by the Sinti from only the 18th century on, and is likely a European loanword. This view is shared by Romani linguist Ronald Lee who stated the name's origin probably lies in the German word Reisende meaning 'travellers'.

A recent study by Estonian and Indian researchers found genetic similarities between European Romani men and Indian men in their sample. Linguist N. B. G. Kazi stated that all Romani people are from Sindh.

History
The Sinti are a subgroup of Romani people mostly found in Germany. They arrived in Austria and Germany in the Late Middle Ages as part of the Romani emigration from the Indian Subcontinent, eventually splitting into two groups: Eftavagarja ("the Seven Caravans") and Estraxarja ("from Austria"). They arrived in Germany before 1540. The two groups expanded, the Eftavagarja into France and Portugal, where they are called "Manouches", and to Brazil, where they are called "Ciganos" (from Byzantine Greek "τσιγγάνος" and "Ἀτσίγγανος", deriving from Ancient Greek "ἀθίγγανος", meaning "untouchable"); and the Estraxarja into Italy and Central Europe, mainly what are now Croatia, Slovenia, Hungary, Romania, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, eventually adopting various regional names.

The Holocaust

The Sinti migrated to Germany in the early 15th century. Despite their long presence, they were still generally regarded as beggars and thieves, and, by 1899, the police kept a central register on Sinti, Roma, and Yenish peoples. Nazi Germany considered them racially inferior (see Nazism and race), and persecuted them throughout Germany during the Nazi period – the Nuremberg Laws of 1935 often being interpreted to apply to them as well as the Jews.

Adolf Eichmann recommended that Nazi Germany solve the "Gypsy Question" simultaneously with the Jewish Question, resulting in the deportation of the Sinti to clear room to build homes for ethnic Germans. Some were sent to the territory of Poland, or elsewhere, including some deported to the territory of Yugoslavia by the Hamburg Police in 1939. Others were confined to designated areas, and many were eventually murdered in gas chambers. Many Sinti and Roma were taken to Auschwitz-Birkenau, where they were put in a special section, called the "gypsy camp". Josef Mengele often performed some of his infamous experiments on Sinti and Roma. On 2 August 1944, the "gypsy camp" was closed, and approximately 4,000 Sinti and Roma were gassed during the night of 2–3 August and burnt in the crematoria. The date 2 August is commemorated as Roma and Sinti Holocaust Remembrance Day.

In the concentration camps, the Sinti were forced to wear either a black triangle, indicating their classification as "asocial", or a brown triangle, specifically reserved for Sinti, Roma, and Yenish peoples.

Notable people

 * Ayo (born 1980) - singer, songwriter and actress
 * Wawau Adler (born 1967) - jazz guitarist
 * Jakob Bamberger (1913 - 1989) - boxer and activist
 * Drafi Deutscher (1946 - 2006) - singer and songwriter
 * Lily Franz (1924 - 2011) - writer and holocaust survivor
 * Philomena Franz (1922-2022) - writer and holocaust survivor
 * Elisabeth Guttenberger (1926 - 2024) - activist and holocaust survivor
 * Hugo Höllenreiner (1933 - 2015) - holocaust survivor and public speaker
 * Mario Mettbach (1952 - 2021/22) - politician
 * Schnuckenack Reinhardt (1921 - 2006) - jazz musician
 * Marianne Rosenberg (born 1955) - singer and daughter of Otto Rosenberg
 * Otto Rosenberg (1927 - 2001) - writer, activist and holocaust survivor
 * Sido (born 1980) - rapper
 * Johann Trollmann (1907 - 1944) - boxer and victim of forced sterilisation
 * Häns'che Weiss (1951-2016) - jazz musician

title: Sinti


text:
San Pedro

San Pedro (Spanish for Saint Peter) may refer to:

Argentina

 * San Pedro, Buenos Aires Province
 * San Pedro, Capayán, Catamarca
 * San Pedro, La Rioja
 * San Pedro, Misiones
 * San Pedro Partido, a partido located in the north of the Argentine province of Buenos Aires
 * San Pedro Department, Misiones, the largest and most sparsely populated department in the Misiones Province, Argentina

Belize

 * San Pedro Town, a town on the island of Ambergris Caye

Bolivia

 * San Pedro prison or El penal de San Pedro, the largest prison in La Paz, Bolivia

Chile

 * San Pedro de Atacama, a village in the Atacama desert of northern Chile
 * San Pedro de la Paz
 * San Pedro, Chile
 * San Pedro River (Chile)
 * San Pedro de Inacaliri River
 * San Pedro (Chile volcano)

Colombia

 * San Pedro, Valle del Cauca, a town and municipality
 * San Pedro de Cartago, a town and municipality in the Nariño Department
 * San Pedro, Sucre

Costa Rica

 * San Pedro, Costa Rica or San Pedro de Montes de Oca, a city in the canton of Montes de Oca, in San José province
 * San Pedro de Barva, a village and district in the canton of Barva in the province of Heredia

 * San Pedro de Poás, a city and district in the canton of Poás in the province of Alajuela
 * San Pedro de Santa Bárbara, a village and district in the canton of Santa Bárbara in the province of Heredia

Cuba

 * San Pedro River (Cuba), a river in Camagüey Province

Dominican Republic

 * San Pedro de Macorís Province, a province of the Dominican Republic, also the name of its capital city
 * San Pedro de Macorís, capital of that province

Guatemala

 * San Pedro Carchá (Alta Verapaz)
 * San Pedro Ayampuc (Guatemala dept.)
 * San Pedro Sacatepéquez, Guatemala (Guatemala dept.)
 * San Pedro Necta (Huehuetenango)
 * San Pedro Pinula (Jalapa)
 * San Pedro Jocopilas (Quiché)
 * San Pedro La Laguna (Sololá)
 * Volcán San Pedro

Honduras

 * San Pedro de Copán (Copán)
 * San Pedro Sula (Cortés)
 * San Pedro de Tutule (La Paz)
 * San Pedro Zacapa (Santa Bárbara)
 * A prison in Honduras

Ivory Coast

 * San-Pédro, Ivory Coast
 * San-Pédro Department

Mexico

 * San Pedro, Baja California Sur
 * San Pedro, Coahuila, a municipality
 * San Pedro Cholula (municipality), a municipality in the state of Puebla
 * San Pedro Garza García, in Nuevo León
 * San Pedro, Oaxaca (disambiguation), several places
 * San Pedro de la Cueva, in Sonora
 * San Pedro Ocotlán, in Zacatecas
 * Cerro de San Pedro, San Luis Potosí

Nicaragua

 * San Pedro de Lóvago

Paraguay

 * San Pedro Department, Paraguay, a department of Paraguay. The capital is the city of San Pedro de Ycuamandyyú
 * San Pedro de Ycuamandyyú, the capital of that department
 * San Pedro del Paraná

Peru

 * San Pedro de Lloc, city in La Libertad Region
 * San Pedro de Tacna, capital of Tacna Region

Philippines

 * San Pedro, Laguna, a city in Laguna, Philippines
 * San Pedro, Bagabag, a barangay in Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines
 * San Pedro Cathedral, a Roman Catholic Church in Davao City, Philippines
 * San Pedro College, a private college in Davao City, Philippines
 * San Pedro Cutud, a barangay in San Fernando, Pampanga, Philippines
 * San Pedro Bay (Philippines), at the northwest end of Leyte Gulf
 * Fort San Pedro, a historic structure in Cebu, Philippines

Spain

 * San Pedro, Spain (disambiguation)

United States

 * San Pedro, Los Angeles, home to the Port of Los Angeles, located in San Pedro Bay
 * San Pedro, New Mexico, a former village across the Rio Grande from San Antonio, New Mexico
 * San Pedro Bay (California), an inlet on the Pacific Ocean coast of southern California, United States
 * San Pedro or Nacimiento Mountains, New Mexico
 * San Pedro River (Arizona), a northward-flowing stream originating about 10 miles (16 km) south of Sierra Vista, Arizona, near Cananea, Sonora, Mexico
 * San Pedro Valley (Arizona)

Other uses

 * Iglesia de San Pedro Mártir (Calatayud), a former church in Calatayud, Aragon, Spain
 * San Pedro (ship), a shipwreck off Bermuda
 * San Pedro cactus (Echinopsis pachanoi), native to South America
 * The San Pedro, a ship that was intentionally sunk off of Honolulu, Hawaii by the Atlantis Submarine Company for an artificial reef; the wreck lies alongside the YO-257
 * "San Pedro", a song from Mogwai's 2011 album Hardcore Will Never Die, But You Will
 * San Pedro, a fictional island mentioned in Madonna's 1986 song "La Isla Bonita"

title: San Pedro


text:
Talk:List of transport topics

I understood a Hovercraft to be a ground effect vehicle, not an aircraft, so moved it to the off-road category, though it could go in the hybrid category, except that is more for vehicles with different methods of propulsion for different surfaces. A Hovercraft only has one method of propulsion but can travel on land, on and off roads, and water. -- kiwiinapanic 09:10 5 Jul 2003 (UTC)

The characterization of forms of movement without a vehicle such as walking and swimming as transport seems not quite right to me. Maybe these forms should be summarized under locomotion.

 * transport is simply movement. There is a whole field devoted to non-motorized transportation. (Google it) dml 04:46, 12 May 2004 (UTC)

 * No it's not. Transport, according to my dictionary, is "the conveyance of goods or people from one place to another ... the means of conveyance for getting from place to place"; in other words, there's an element of "carrying something" in transport, whereas movement relates simply to a change of location, by means of some form of locomotion. Crawling, running, swimming and walking are all forms of locomotion, just like (for example) skipping, jumping, jogging, sprinting, ambling, trotting, galloping ... The article already links to locomotion, where crawling, running, swimming and walking are all mentioned. They're not means of transport and don't belong here, so I've removed them. Jimmy Pitt (talk) 14:32, 19 January 2008 (UTC)

 * Many people carry things when they walk, or swim so it does count.- (User) Wolfkeeper (Talk) 01:33, 24 December 2008 (UTC)

Exotic transport systems
Is there any article about exotic transport systems that does not fit with the existing specialized articles?--Nixer 20:46, 19 April 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of transport topics


text:
David McReynolds

David Ernest McReynolds (October 25, 1929 – August 17, 2018) was an American politician and social activist who was a prominent democratic socialist and pacifist activist. He described himself as "a peace movement bureaucrat" during his 40-year career with the War Resisters League. He was a resident of New York City. McReynolds was twice a candidate for President of the United States, running atop the ticket of the Socialist Party USA in 1980 and 2000. He was the Socialist Party USA's first openly gay presidential candidate. He was also America's first gay presidential candidate if not counting John Hospers - although multiple sources, including the Libertarian Party, have referred to John Hospers, who was in 1972 the first presidential nominee of the newly formed Libertarian Party, as the first openly gay person to run for president of the United States, The Guardian’s obituary stated that his family “strenuously denied” he was gay.

Early life and education
David Ernest McReynolds was born in Los Angeles to Elizabeth Grace (Tallon), a nurse, and Lt. Col. Charles McReynolds, an Air Force intelligence officer. Between 1957 and 1960, he worked for the editorial board of the left-wing magazine Liberation. He was openly gay and wrote his first article about living as a gay man in 1969.

McReynolds became a member of the Prohibition Party in 1946 or 1947 due to his upbringing as a fundamentalist Baptist, but left the party around the same time that it expelled its entire youth section for being communist. During his time in the Prohibitionist Party he became more left-wing and he later joined the Socialist Party of America in 1951. He became a pacifist in 1949, and attended a pacifist youth conference in Europe in the same year during which he realized that he was homosexual and became an atheist. He attended UCLA and graduated in 1953, and during his education he was arrested for refusing to serve in the Korean War, but the charges were dismissed. He was elected to the National Committee of the Socialist Party in 1954.

War Resisters League
McReynolds was staunchly anti-war and a draft resister, and in 1960 joined the staff of the War Resisters League (WRL), where he remained until his retirement in 1999. In 1965, he lectured on "The Old Left and the New Left" at the newly founded Free University of New York.

He edited the League's bi-monthly, Liberation. In November 1965, he persuaded Casey Hayden to let him publish under the title "Sex and Caste" a paper she had been circulating among women questioning their role and position within Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. The publication of the article has since been regarded as a key bridge connecting civil rights to women's liberation.

That same month, November 1965, McReynolds was one of five men who publicly burned their draft cards at an anti-war demonstration at Union Square in New York. This was one of the first public draft-card burnings after U.S. law was changed on August 30, 1965, to make such actions a felony, punishable by up to five years' imprisonment. He was close friends with Bayard Rustin and other prominent peace activists, as well as literary figures such as Quentin Crisp.

In 1968, he signed the "Writers and Editors War Tax Protest" pledge, vowing to refuse tax payments in protest against the Vietnam War, and later became a sponsor of the War Tax Resistance project, which practiced and advocated tax resistance as a form of anti-war protest.

McReynolds was particularly active internationally, both in War Resisters' International, of which he was chairperson for the term 1986–88, and in the International Confederation for Disarmament and Peace, which eventually merged into the International Peace Bureau.

Socialist Party USA
The SPA was renamed the Social Democrats USA by a majority vote at the 1972 convention. Michael Harrington resigned and then formed the Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee (now the Democratic Socialists of America, DSA) with the purpose of "realignment" strengthening the role of labor unions and other progressive organizations in the Democratic Party to pull it to the left. The smallest and the most left wing faction of the SPA, known as the Debs Caucus, including McReynolds, formed the Socialist Party USA (SPUSA). McReynolds was long a member of both DSA and SPUSA.

McReynolds' primary theoretical contribution to socialism came from his blending of a pacifist world-view with a commitment to re-distributive socialist economics. Politically, he was a staunch anti-authoritarian and collaborated with a diverse set of political formations on the democratic left. His widely read pamphlet, The Philosophy of Nonviolence, provides a unique window into the mind of a lifelong activist wrestling with the contradictions and pitfalls which plagued the political left in the 20th century. He concludes that "...there is no living, vital philosophy which does not have 'holes' in it." Consequently, he mapped out a pluralistic approach which is, on the one hand, socialist, yet is entirely engaged with thought systems as seemingly contradictory as Hindu philosophy. He concluded that a brand of pacifist-socialism is best suited for future socialist experiments since it offers the greatest opportunity to prefigure the kinds of democratic relations necessary to create a functional and free society.

In his political career, McReynolds ran for Congress from Lower Manhattan twice and for President twice. In 1958, he ran as a write-in SPA candidate and then in 1968 as a Peace and Freedom Party candidate for Congress in the 19th district pulling in 4.7% of the vote (3,969 votes).

The Socialist Party attempted to unite behind Barry Commoner as a presidential candidate with the Citizens Party during the 1980 presidential election, but was unsuccessful. The party gave its presidential nomination to McReynolds and vice-presidential nomination to Diane Drufenbrock, the party's treasurer, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. They were on the ballots in ten states and raised around $25,000 during the campaign. The purpose of his campaign was to increase the party's membership. He received more votes than Frank Zeidler, the party's presidential nominee in the 1976 presidential election, in every state except for Wisconsin which McReynolds stated was due to Zeidler's name recognition in the state.

He was given the party's presidential nomination again during the 2000 election. After the 2000 election, the Palm Beach Post speculated that the vast majority of the 2,908 voters who had voided their votes by punching the names of both McReynolds and Democratic candidate Al Gore on a "confusing butterfly ballot" (and also of the over 3,000 more who punched both Gore and Buchanan) had meant to vote for Gore and that mistaken voting on the Palm Beach County butterfly ballot had consequently cost Gore the state's crucial electoral votes, and therefore the election as a whole.

In January 2015, the Socialist Party USA's National Committee voted to censure McReynolds over alleged racist comments made on social media regarding the Charlie Hebdo shooting and shooting of Michael Brown. He resigned from the SPUSA shortly thereafter.

2004 Senate campaign
On July 10, 2004, McReynolds announced his candidacy running on the Green Party ticket for one of the New York seats in the Senate, running an anti-war campaign against Democratic incumbent Chuck Schumer, where he pulled in 36,942 votes for 0.5% of total.

Later life
McReynolds was active politically until just before his death, attending meetings, speaking in classrooms, being interviewed for films and research, and participating in peace, justice, antiwar, and antinuclear actions. His last arrest was at the U.S. Mission to the United Nations in 2015 at an action calling for immediate nuclear disarmament.

He was an avid photographer throughout his adult life and spent time during the last three years of his life sorting his collection of more than 50,000 photos.

In 2015, McReynolds endorsed U.S. Senator Bernie Sanders for President of the United States, praising him as a "serious candidate" and for not personally attacking his Democratic rival Hillary Clinton.

McReynolds died on August 17, 2018, aged 88, following a fall he sustained at his New York City home.

Works

 * We Have Been Invaded by the 21st Century. Praeger, 1970.
 * "Thinking About Retirement," Nonviolent Activist, March–April 1999.
 * "Queer Reflections", New Politics, Vol. 12, no. 1 (2008).
 * "David McReynolds Photography"

title: David McReynolds


text:
Talk:Eliminativist materialism

There's a mistake in the sentence beginning: Elimative materialism is different (..)

It holds both views...

I don't see what the article is about. What does "elimative" mean ? The words "eliminative materialism" (the intended title ?) mean to me something completely different: see eliminative materialism. Phrases like "thought, like heat, is dispersed throughout the entire brain" are light years away from eliminative materialism. And what about the two and only two states of consciousness: belief and disbelief ? This sounds just nonsense to me. --FvdP 20:21, 27 Oct 2003 (UTC)

I agree. This page is nonsense: I have changed it to be a redirect to eliminative materialism. -- Karada 10:06, 28 Oct 2003 (UTC)

title: Talk:Eliminativist materialism


text:
Vielle

The vielle is a European bowed stringed instrument used in the medieval period, similar to a modern violin but with a somewhat longer and deeper body, three to five gut strings, and a leaf-shaped pegbox with frontal tuning pegs, sometimes with a figure-8 shaped body. Whatever external form they had, the box-soundchest consisted of back and belly joined by ribs, which experience has shown to be the construction for bowed instruments. The most common shape given to the earliest vielles in France was an oval, which with its modifications remained in favour until the Italian lira da braccio asserted itself as the better type, leading to the violin.

The instrument was also known as a fidel or a viuola, although the French name for the instrument, vielle, is generally used; the word comes from the same root as fiddle. It was one of the most popular instruments of the medieval period, and was used by troubadours and jongleurs from the 13th through the 15th centuries. The vielle possibly derived from the lira, a Byzantine bowed instrument closely related to the rebab, an Arab bowed instrument. There are many medieval illustrations of different types of vielles in manuscripts, sculptures and paintings.

Starting in the middle or end of the 15th century, the word vielle was used to refer to the hurdy-gurdy, as a shortened form of its name: ''vielle à roue ("vielle with a wheel").

Several modern groups of musicians have formed into bands to play early music (pre-Baroque), and they sometimes include vielles, or modern reproductions, in their ensembles, together with other instruments such as rebecs and saz.

title: Vielle