text:
Ovid, New York

Ovid is a town in Seneca County, New York, United States. The population was 2,847 at the 2020 census. The town is named after the Roman poet Ovid, a name assigned by a clerk interested in the classics.

The Town of Ovid contains a village also called Ovid, one of the county seats of Seneca County. The town is in the southern part of the county, extending between Seneca Lake to the west and Cayuga Lake to the east, and southeast of Geneva, New York.

History
The town was the native land of the part of the Iroquois.

The Sullivan Expedition passed through this area in 1779. The region was part of the Central New York Military Tract used to pay soldiers of the American Revolution. Andrew Dunlap, the first settler in the town, is believed to be also the first settler in the county.

The town was formed in 1794, while still part of Onondaga County. Part of Ovid was taken in 1802 to form the Town of Hector (now in Schuyler County). In 1817, part of Ovid was used to form the Town of Covert.

Ovid was, at times, on the south border of Seneca County as some of the other county towns were assigned to adjacent counties.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 38.8 square miles (100.4 km2), of which, 30.9 square miles (79.9 km2) of it is land and 7.9 square miles (20.4 km2) of it (20.37%) is water.

The west town line, delineated by Seneca Lake is the border of Yates County, and the east town line, delineated by Cayuga Lake is the border of Cayuga County.

New York State Route 96, New York State Route 96A, New York State Route 414 converge at Ovid village. New York State Route 89 runs north-south along or near the shore of Cayuga Lake on the east side of the town.

Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 2,311 people, 958 households, and 592 families residing in the town. The population density was 74.8 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 97.1% White, 0.6% Black or African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 0.6% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.6% of the population.

There were 958 households, out of which 21.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.7% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.2% were non-families. 30.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.1% under the age of 20, 6.6% from 20 to 24, 19.5% from 25 to 44, 31.8% from 45 to 64, and 17.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43.9 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.0 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $43,702, and the median income for a family was $53,750. Males had a median income of $35,476 versus $35,385 for females. The per capita income for the town was $22,015. About 10.9% of families and 15.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.0% of those under age 18 and 21.7% of those age 65 or over.

Housing
There were 1,211 housing units at an average density of 39.2 /sqmi. 20.9% of housing units were vacant.

There were 958 occupied housing units in the town. 712 were owner-occupied units (74.3%), while 246 were renter-occupied (25.7%). The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.7% of total units. The rental unit vacancy rate was 8.5%.

''NOTE: It is common for resort communities to have higher than normal vacant house counts. Many are vacation homes which are seasonal and not regularly occupied.''

Civic Groups
Casey to the Rescue Dog Transport is an all-volunteer organization that rescues 600 animals each year and transports them to permanent homes.

Friends of the Three Bears preserves the buildings known as the (historic Seneca County) courthouse complex and implements art, music and other educational programs and events.

Communities and locations in the Town of Ovid

 * Coan Corners – A location near the south town line on NY-96A.
 * Gilbert – A hamlet southwest of Ovid village at the junction of County Roads 131 and 132.
 * Kidders – A hamlet on the shore of Cayuga Lake and County Road 153, south of Sheldrake.
 * Ovid – The Village of Ovid at the junction of NY-96 and NY-96A.
 * Scott Corners – A location west of Sheldrake Springs on County Road 139.
 * Sheldrake – A hamlet on the shore of Cayuga Lake on County Road 153.
 * Sheldrake Creek – A stream entering Cayuga Lake by Sheldrake.
 * Sheldrake Springs – A hamlet in the eastern part of Ovid on NY-96.
 * Simpson Creek – A stream passing by Ovid village and flowing into Seneca Lake.
 * Starett Corners – A location in the southeast part of the town, south of Sheldrake Springs.
 * Weyers Point – A projection into Cayuga Lake near the north town line.
 * Willard – A hamlet at the north town line by Seneca Lake on County Road 132.
 * Willard State Hospital – A former state mental hospital in the northwest of Ovid.
 * Willard Wildlife Management Area – A conservation area by Seneca Lake.

title: Ovid, New York


text:
Seneca Falls (CDP), New York

Seneca Falls is a hamlet and census-designated place in Seneca County, New York, United States. The population was 6,681 at the 2010 census. The 2020 census population of Seneca Falls CDP was 6,809. The hamlet is in the Town of Seneca Falls, east of Geneva. It was an incorporated village from 1831 to 2011.

Finger Lakes Regional Airport (0G7) is south of the hamlet.

Seneca Falls was the site of the Seneca Falls Convention, a foundational event in the Women's Rights Movement. The town is believed by some to have been the inspiration for the fictional town of "Bedford Falls, N.Y." portrayed in filmmaker Frank Capra's classic 1940s film "It's a Wonderful Life".

Early history
The region was in the domain of the Cayuga tribe and visited by Jesuit missionaries in the 17th-century.

American Revolution and aftermath
The Cayuga were allies of the British and attacked American settlements from the outset of the revolution. The Sullivan Expedition of 1779 was sent to destroy native villages and kill the warriors.

After the war, the village and surrounding land became part of the Central New York Military Tract, land reserved for veterans of the war. The north end of Cayuga Lake was set aside as a reservation for returning Cayuga tribal members.

The early village
The first pioneers arrived around 1790. The first settlers chose the area for its easy access to water and close proximity to the Iroquois trail.

When the village was first incorporated in 1831, it was named after the series of small falls and rapids on the Seneca River which drains Cayuga and Seneca of the Finger Lakes. The river was partially canalized for navigation in 1818, and connected the lakes with the Erie Canal in 1828. The village was re-incorporated in 1837, 1860, and 1896 with new charters.

The New York State Barge Canal project in 1915 eliminated what remained of the rapids, canalizing the entire river and building a pair of locks to replace the three smaller locks which had made it possible for boat and barge traffic to pass through the village.

The growth of Seneca Falls through technology
The falls were also the cause of the village's existence, providing water power for mills, distilleries, tanneries, and other factories. By the mid 19th Century, Seneca Falls was the third largest flour milling center in the world, after Rochester and Oswego. There is still a small hydroelectric power generating station in the village.

A young man, Birdsall Holly, moved to Seneca Falls from Auburn to work as a mechanic in one of these mills. His son, Birdsall Holly Jr., was entranced by the water power, studying hydraulics and mechanics until he became one of the foremost American inventors. Holly became a partner in the Silsby Company, also called "The Island Works". While working for this company, he obtained his first patent, which was for a rotary water pump. He later moved to Lockport, New York, where he continued inventing, but his work with pumps was continued by Seabury S. Gould Sr. who cast the first all-metal (cast iron) pump and founded Goulds Pumps, a worldwide pump manufacturer, which was the world's largest company dedicated to producing only pumps when it was taken over by ITT Technology in 1997.

While working for the Silsby Company, Holly also developed the rotary steam engine. This technology was married to the pump technology and was utilized in making the first successful steam fire engine. The Silsby Company eventually moved to Elmira, New York and became American LaFrance, famous for its fire engines.

Social movements in the village and surrounding area
Seneca Falls played a prominent role in the Women's Rights Movement. Elizabeth Cady Stanton, one of the organizers of the 1848 Seneca Falls Women's Rights Convention and recognized as "the philosopher and chief publicist of the radical wing of the 19th century women's rights movement", lived in Seneca Falls from 1847 to 1863. Amelia Bloomer, popularized a dress reform in her newspaper, The Lily, which became known as bloomers, a design believed to be influenced by native women of the area. Abolitionist causes against slavery were popular in Seneca Falls.

In August 1843, Abby Kelley, an outspoken abolitionist, came to Seneca Falls and addressed a crowd on the south side of the Seneca River. She confronted the nation and its institutions, including a local Presbyterian Church and its minister, over slavery. Within a year, a member of that church was found guilty of "disorderly and unchristian conduct" after she personally confronted that minister on the issue of slavery.

Early women's rights leaders Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucretia Coffin Mott, Martha Coffin Wright, Mary Ann M'Clintock and Jane Hunt hastily organized the Seneca Falls Convention, the first women's rights convention, held in 1848 at the Wesleyan Methodist Chapel. A "Declaration of Sentiments" was adopted, drafted by Stanton, M'Clintock and two adult M'Clintock daughters, which included support for women's suffrage. Frederick Douglass, a former slave and publisher of a Rochester, New York, abolitionist newspaper, attended the convention. His eloquent support for the women's suffrage resolution was instrumental in its passage. Nearby Waterloo was the planning location for the convention, which is commemorated by the Women's Rights National Historical Park in the two villages.

In July 1923 the National Woman's Party celebrated the 75th anniversary of the 1848 Seneca Falls convention with a pageant and pilgrimage to Susan B. Anthony’s grave in nearby Rochester, though Anthony did not attend in 1848. Alice Paul presented the draft of the Equal Rights Amendment, referred to as "the Lucretia Mott Amendment", for the delegates’ approval at the general conference held at the First Presbyterian Church in Seneca Falls.

The National Women's Hall of Fame was established in Seneca Falls in 1969. It honors American women for their contributions to society.

The first woman mayor of Seneca Falls was the village's last mayor. Diana M. Smith, first elected in 2004, was re-elected for a 2nd term in 2008.

Dissolution
On March 16, 2010, Seneca Falls village residents voted to dissolve the village effective December 31, 2011. The village began investigating the possibility of dissolution in 2006, commissioning three different studies covering continuity of village services and disposition of village assets and debt. It was postulated that by dissolving the village, the average village property tax payer would save $950 a year. The final vote was 1,198 in favor, 1,112 opposed, and five blank ballots. It is, to date, the largest New York village ever to approve dissolution.

Geography
Seneca Falls is located at 42.90861°N, -76.79778°W (42.908713, -76.797986). According to the United States Census Bureau, the hamlet has a total area of 4.6 square miles (11.9 km2), of which 4.4 square miles (11.5 km2) is land and 0.2 square mile (0.4 km2)  (3.28%) is water.

Seneca Falls is intersected by conjoined U.S. Route 20 and New York State Route 5 (NY 5). NY 414 intersects both routes in the hamlet.

The Seneca River/Cayuga-Seneca Canal bisects the hamlet.

Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 6,681 people, 2,913 households, and 1,732 families residing in what was then a village. The population density was 1,518.4 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 95.1% White, 1.2% Black or African American, 0.4% Native American, 1.6% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 0.4% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.7% of the population.

There were 2,913 households, out of which 24.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.7% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.5% were non-families. 32.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.85.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 22.8% under the age of 20, 7.1% from 20 to 24, 25.6% from 25 to 44, 28.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $43,947, and the median income for a family was $60,101. Males had a median income of $51,484 versus $36,385 for females. The per capita income for the village was $24,534. About 11.0% of families and 15.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.3% of those under age 18 and 7.6% of those age 65 or over.

Housing
There were 3,131 housing units at an average density of 711.6 /sqmi. 7.0% of housing units were vacant.

There were 2,913 occupied housing units in the village. 1,840 were owner-occupied units (63.2%), while 1,073 were renter-occupied (36.8%). The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.4% of total units. The rental unit vacancy rate was 6.7%.

Notable people

 * Elizabeth Cady Stanton, suffragist
 * Matilda Joslyn Gage, suffragist
 * George Dashiell Bayard, Union Army Brigadier General
 * Ira Sprague Bowen, astronomer
 * Frederick S. Armitage, cinema pioneer
 * Jacob P. Chamberlain, former US Congressman
 * Dave Giusti, Major League Baseball pitcher
 * Norman J. Gould, former US Congressman
 * William A. Sackett, former US Congressman
 * Michael Nozzolio, former New York State Senator
 * Judith Pipher, astrophysicist
 * Bob Valesente, college and pro football coach
 * Susan B Anthony, woman's rights activists

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Seneca Falls (CDP), New York


text:
Seneca Falls, New York

Seneca Falls is a town in Seneca County, New York, United States. The population was 9,027 at the 2020 census.

The Town of Seneca Falls contains the former village also called Seneca Falls. The town is east of Geneva, New York, in the northern part of the Finger Lakes District.

Seneca Falls is a historic location along a branch of the Erie Canal and is often referred to as the 'birthplace of women's rights', where the 1848 women's rights convention was held. Many also believe it to have been the inspiration for the fictional town of "Bedford Falls", portrayed in filmmaker Frank Capra's classic 1946 film It's a Wonderful Life.

History
The region is the former realm of the Cayuga tribe, who were visited by Jesuit missionaries during the 17th century. Cayuga villages were attacked and destroyed by the Sullivan Expedition of 1779 in retaliation for plundering and killing new colonists.

The region became part of the Central New York Military Tract, reserved for veterans, after the conclusion of the American Revolution.

A canal was completed in 1818 allowing transit between Seneca Lake and Cayuga Lake. This canal was connected to the Erie Canal in 1828.

The town was established in 1829 from part of the Town of Junius. The community of Seneca Falls in the town set itself apart by incorporating as a village in 1831.

The Seneca Falls Convention held July 19–20, 1848, was the first women's rights convention organized by women explicitly for the purpose of discussing women's rights as such.

On March 16, 2010, the people of the Village of Seneca Falls voted to dissolve the village into the Town of Seneca Falls, effective in 2012.

Goulds Pumps, a leading manufacturer of pumps, is headquartered in Seneca Falls.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 27.4 mi2, of which 24.2 mi2 is land and 3.2 mi2, comprising 11.81%, is water.

The east town line is partly defined by Cayuga Lake. The Seneca River/Cayuga-Seneca Canal passes across the town. More recently, efforts are underway to complete a scenic trail along the historic canal. The eastern section of the town is part of Montezuma Marsh, an extensive wetland at the north end of Cayuga Lake.

Conjoined US Route 20 and NY-5 form an east–west highway across the town. New York State Route 89 is a north–south highway by the shore of Cayuga Lake. New York State Route 414 is also a north–south highway, but has an east–west orientation while conjoined with US-20 and NY-5. New York State Route 318 intersects US-20/NY-5 in the northeast corner of the town.

Demographics
As of 2010 Seneca Falls had a population of 9,040. The ethnic and racial makeup of the population was 93.6% non-Hispanic white, 1.3% African-American, 0.4% Native American, 0.3% Indian, 1.3% other Asian, 0.2% non-Hispanic from some other race, 1.4% from two or more races, 1.0% Puerto Rican and 0.7% other Hispanics.

As of the census of 2000, there were 9,347 people, 3,796 households, and 2,440 families residing in the town. The population density was 385.6 PD/sqmi. There were 4,167 housing units at an average density of 171.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 95.86% White, 0.87% Black or African American, 0.22% Native American, 1.52% Asian, 0.30% from other races, and 1.23% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.33% of the population.

There were 3,796 households, out of which 29.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.0% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.7% were non-families. 28.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.91.

The town's population was spread out, with 23.6% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 30.3% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $37,245, and the median income for a family was $48,565. Males had a median income of $36,631 versus $25,094 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,462. About 9.7% of families and 13.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.4% of those under age 18 and 8.4% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations

 * Bridgeport – A lakeside hamlet east of Seneca Falls CDP on NY-89.
 * Cayuga Lake State Park – A state park on the shore of Cayuga Lake.
 * Finger Lakes Regional Airport (0G7) – A general aviation airport southeast of Seneca Falls CDP.
 * Halsey Corner – A location in the northeast corner of the town on US-20/NY-5.
 * Lehigh Valley Junction – A hamlet north of Seneca Falls CDP.
 * Montezuma National Wildlife Refuge – A federal conservation area partly in the eastern end of the town.
 * Montezuma Wildlife Management Area – A state conservation area in the east of the town.
 * Nichols Corner – A location on the north town line on NY-318.
 * Seneca Falls – The CDP of Seneca Falls at US-20/NY-5 and NY-414, formerly an incorporated village.

Seneca Falls Central School District
The public school system for Seneca Falls and its nearby villages is provided by the Seneca Falls Central School District. This district has four schools. The current superintendent is Michelle Reed.

 * Frank M. Knight Elementary School is a public school which handles grades K-2 in the Seneca Falls Central School District. It has an enrollment of about 300 students. The current principal is Janet Clendenen.
 * Elizabeth Cady Stanton School is a public school which handles grades 3–5. It has an enrollment of about 300 students. The current principal is Amy Hibbard.
 * Seneca Falls Middle School is a public school which handles grades 6–8. Enrollment is around 350 students. The current principal is Kevin Rhinehart.
 * Mynderse Academy is a public school which handles grades 9–12. The enrollment is around 511 students as of 2006. The current principal is Faith Lewis.

Private schools

 * Finger Lakes Christian School (FLCS) is a private Christian Pre-K through 12th grade school in Seneca Falls. Established in 1990, the school enrolls approximately 100 students.

Colleges

 * Northeast College of Health Sciences Moving from Long Island, New York, in the fall of 1991, then known as New York Chiropractic College (NYCC), opened at this site after purchasing the old Eisenhower College from the state, who controlled the closed campus. The college is known to be one of the best chiropractic colleges in the country.

Transportation
New York State Route 5 and U.S. Route 20 run east–west through the town.

The New York Central Railroad operated daily passenger train service on its Auburn Road division between Syracuse and Rochester until 1958, making a station stop at Seneca Falls.

title: Seneca Falls, New York


text:
Waterloo (village), New York

Waterloo is a village and primary county seat of Seneca County, New York, United States. The population was 5,171 at the 2010 census and is now the most populated village in Seneca County. The village is named after Waterloo,  Belgium, where Napoleon was defeated. It is the primary county seat of Seneca County, with the other being Ovid as part of a two-shire system established in 1822. Most of the county administrative offices are located in the village. Therefore, many political sources only list Waterloo as the county seat.

The Village of Waterloo is mostly in the Town of Waterloo, but the part south of the Cayuga-Seneca Canal of the village is in the Town of Fayette and a small area in the southeast of the village is in Town of Seneca Falls. Waterloo is east of Geneva and is located in between the two main Finger Lakes, Seneca Lake and Cayuga Lake.

History
The area was within the realm of the Cayuga nation, one of several bands to form the Iroquois League. The current site of the village was the location of the former Cayuga village "Skoiyase" (or Skoi-Yase), meaning "flowing water", which was established around 1500. They were visited by Jesuit missionaries in the 17th century. After the Sullivan Expedition of 1779 destroyed Skoiyase, many natives left the area. The land then became part of the Central New York Military Tract, reserved for veterans.

The first new settler, Jabez Gorham, arrived on the site of the village around 1795. The early village was known as "New Hudson". It was also known as "Scoys", based on the name of the former Indian village.

Because the original county seat in Ovid was deemed too close to the south county line after land was lost from Seneca County, Waterloo became the county seat in 1819. A similar fate befell Waterloo, when much of the north of Seneca County was lost, leaving the village close to the northern county line. The outcome was that both villages were made joint county seats, even though some of the lost towns were later returned to the county. Seneca County remains a two-shire county, although nearly all government activity now occurs in Waterloo. In honor of the two-shire history, the County Board of Supervisors will at least once a year hold a meeting in Ovid at the buildings locally called the "Three Bears".

Planning for the Women's Rights Convention in 1848 in Seneca Falls took place in Waterloo.

The Village of Waterloo was incorporated in 1824 and again in 1866, the same year it celebrated the first Memorial Day. Waterloo was officially designated as the birthplace of Memorial Day in 1966 by President Lyndon B. Johnson. The Memorial Day Museum is in the village. However, in 2014, Bellware and Gardiner challenged this designation in The Genesis of the Memorial Day Holiday in America. They uncovered evidence that the origin story is a hoax including information ignored by the Centennial Committee backing the proclamation. This includes a report in a New York newspaper that predates by several years any of the sources used by the committee. It describes, in detail, Waterloo's first Memorial Day and places it in 1868. They also note other inconsistencies between the historical record and the story compiled by the Centennial Committee and the lack of discussion or debate in Congress prior to the resolution recognizing Waterloo as the birthplace of the holiday.

Geography
Waterloo is located at 42.90361°N, -76.85944°W (42.903697, -76.859517).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.2 square miles (5.6 km2), of which, 2.1 square miles (5.4 km2) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.2 km2) of it (3.24%) is water.

The Seneca River/Cayuga-Seneca Canal pass through the village, linking the area to the Erie Canal system.

US Route 20, conjoined with New York State Route 5, intersects New York State Route 96 in the village.

The largest active landfill in New York State, Seneca Meadows, is northeast of Waterloo in the town of Seneca Falls.

Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 5,171 people, 2,039 households, and 1,323 families residing in the village. The population density was 2,462.4 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 96.6% White, 1.1% Black or African American, 0.0% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 0.2% from other races, and 1.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.2% of the population.

There were 2,039 households, out of which 28.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.8% were married couples living together, 14.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.1% were non-families. 29.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.5% under the age of 20, 6.1% from 20 to 24, 22.8% from 25 to 44, 26.3% from 45 to 64, and 20.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $48,214, and the median income for a family was $65,709. Males had a median income of $43,393 versus $27,328 for females. The per capita income for the village was $23,777. About 5.5% of families and 10.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.3% of those under age 18 and 5.9% of those age 65 or over.

Housing
There were 2,164 housing units at an average density of 1,030.5 /sqmi. 5.8% of housing units were vacant.

There were 2,039 occupied housing units in the village. 1,424 were owner-occupied units (69.8%), while 615 were renter-occupied (30.2%). The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.4% of total units. The rental unit vacancy rate was 7.5%.

Notable people

 * Tom Coughlin, two time NFL Super Bowl Champion New York Giants' coach was born in Waterloo in 1946.
 * George Bradshaw Kelly, U.S. Representative for New York's 38th congressional district, from 1937 to 1939.
 * Mike McLaughlin, former NASCAR driver
 * Charles E. Stuart, U.S. Representative and Senator from Michigan.
 * Kevin Sylvester – radio host on WGR for the Buffalo Sabres.

title: Waterloo (village), New York


text:
Waterloo, New York

Waterloo is a town in Seneca County, New York, United States. The population was 7,378 at the 2020 census. The town and its major community are named after Waterloo, Belgium, where Napoleon was defeated.

There is also a village called Waterloo, the primary county seat of Seneca County. The Town of Waterloo is situated on the western border of the county, east of Geneva.

History
The area was the domain of the Seneca tribe and Cayuga tribe, who were visited in the 17th century by Jesuit missionaries. The Sullivan Expedition passed through the area in 1779 to destroy the natives and their villages. After the war, the area was in the Central New York Military Tract, reserved for veterans.

The region was first settled circa 1800.

The town was formed from the Town of Junius in 1829 and was named after Waterloo, Belgium likely after the Battle of Waterloo.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 21.8 square miles (56.5 km2), of which 21.7 square miles (56.1 km2) is land and 0.1 square mile (0.4 km2) (0.67%) is water.

The western town line is the border of Ontario County, New York, and part of the southern town boundary is Seneca Lake and the Seneca River/Cayuga-Seneca Canal.

The New York State Route 5/U.S. Route 20 concurrency is a major east–west highway in Waterloo. New York State Route 96 is a highway that turns southward at Waterloo village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2010, there were 7,642 people, 3,118 households, and 2,008 families residing in the town. The population density was 352.2 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 95.9% White, 1.5% Black or African American, 0.1% Native American, 0.3% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 0.4% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.5% of the population.

There were 3,118 households, out of which 26.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.6% were married couples living together, 13.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.6% were non-families. 28.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.83.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 23.5% under the age of 20, 5.7% from 20 to 24, 23.1% from 25 to 44, 29.5% from 45 to 64, and 18.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.9 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $43,527, and the median income for a family was $53,625. Males had a median income of $39,743 versus $30,211 for females. The per capita income for the town was $23,147. About 7.6% of families and 10.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.7% of those under age 18 and 4.6% of those age 65 or over.

Housing
There were 3,386 housing units at an average density of 156.0 /sqmi; 7.9% of housing units were vacant.

There were 3,118 occupied housing units in the town, of which 2,179 were owner-occupied units (69.9%), while 939 were renter-occupied (30.1%). The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.2% of total units. The rental unit vacancy rate was 10.1%.

Public schools

 * Skoi-Yase School is a public school that teaches Grades Pre-School to Grade 2.
 * Lafayette Intermediate School is a public school that teaches Grades 3–5.
 * Main Street Multiage School is a public school that teaches Grades K-5. The school was previously the Border City Elementary School until it moved to the former middle school building.
 * Waterloo Middle School is a public school that teaches Grades 6–8.
 * Waterloo High School teaches Grades 9–12.

Private schools

 * Fayette Mennonite School is a private Mennonite school that teaches Grades 1–8. Its enrollment is about 50 students. The current head teacher is Elizabeth Zimmerman.
 * Until 2005, St. Mary's School operated as a private Roman Catholic school in Waterloo from prekindergarten to Grade 8. After undergoing financial difficulties, it merged with St. Patrick's school in Seneca Falls, New York to form St. John Bosco School in 2005.

Communities and locations in the Town of Waterloo

 * Border City – A hamlet near the western town line and Geneva. (See also Serven below.)
 * Dobbins Corner – A hamlet at the west town line on County Road 112.
 * East Geneva – A hamlet also near the western town boundary on US-20/NY-5.
 * Packwood Corners – A hamlet on US-20/NY-5, on the southern town line.
 * Parr Harbour – A location west of Waterloo village on US-20/NY-5.
 * Seneca Lake State Park – A state park in the southwestern corner of the town.
 * Seneca Meadows – New York State's largest active landfill
 * Serven – A location overlapping the portions of Border City and East Geneva northeast of the Northern Terminus of 96A. Extends between 96A and Packwood Road along US-20/NY-5.
 * Waterloo – The Village of Waterloo on US-20/NY-5, at the southern town line, partly in the Town of Fayette.

Notable people

 * Louise Blanchard Bethune, architect
 * Tom Coughlin, former New York Giants and Jacksonville Jaguars' head coach.
 * Mike McLaughlin, NASCAR driver.
 * Louise Scherbyn, motorcyclist and founder of the Women's International Motorcycle Association (WIMA).
 * Charles E. Stuart, U.S. Representative and Senator from Michigan.
 * George Bradshaw Kelly, U.S. Representative for New York's 38th congressional district, from 1937 to 1939.
 * Agnes Woodward, professional whistler, born in Waterloo

title: Waterloo, New York


text:
Canton (village), New York

Canton is a village and county seat of St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. The village is centrally located in both the town of Canton and the county of St. Lawrence. The population was 7,155 at the 2020 census. The name comes from Canton (Welsh: Treganna) in Cardiff, Wales.

The village of Canton provides many municipal services such as a fully functional village highway department, water and sewer department, volunteer fire department, court system and a police department along with other municipal agencies.

History

The first attempt at settlement was made in 1800, but the first permanent settlement occurred in 1801. The first post office used the name "New Cairo," but changed to Canton by 1807. The early economy was based on farming and lumbering.

The village was incorporated in 1845. Between 1887 and 1889, the village was modernized with a sewage system, water works, and electrical lighting.

St. Lawrence University was founded here in 1856, and the State University of New York at Canton (northwest of the village) was begun in 1906.

In addition to Herring-Cole Hall Richardson Hall, and the Old Campus Historic District of St. Lawrence University, the Village Park Historic District and United States Post Office are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Notable people

 * George R. Malby, former US Congressman.
 * Frederic Remington, the noted Western artist, was born in Canton.
 * Silas Wright, a New York State Governor and political leader, made the area his home. Wright's home was made into the Silas Wright Museum in 1978, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The site is owned by the St. Lawrence County Historical Association.

Education
The Village of Canton is home to two colleges. SUNY Canton is a two-/four-year college located in the western part of the village. Its entrance is accessible via NY RT 68 (West Main Street). SUNY Canton is also home to the David Sullivan/St. Lawrence County Law Enforcement Academy that provides police training to local, county, state and federal agencies as well as new police officers in its 5-month police academy every spring.

St. Lawrence University, a four-year liberal arts college located in the eastern part of the village, is home to several sports, including its famous NCAA Division I hockey team and several notable alumni. Access to the college is via US RT 11 (East Main Street).

Canton Central School District is centered in the village of Canton at Hugh Williams Senior High School, home of the Golden Bears.

Police department
The village's police department is located in the municipal building on Main Street. It is composed of a Chief of Police, three sergeants and five patrolmen. The department has one full-time and two part-time dispatchers.

Fire department
The Canton Fire Department, which is at its new location at 77 Riverside Drive, is an all-volunteer fire department with one chief, three assistant chiefs and nearly 80 members. The department also operates a Paramedic Ambulance service and serves the people of the village and town of Canton as well as providing mutual aid services to surrounding towns. In 2008 the fire department answered over 1500 fire and EMS calls.

Geography
Canton is located at 44.5975°N, -75.17111°W (44.5976, -75.17118).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 3.3 square miles (8.7 km2), of which 3.2 square miles (8.4 km2) is land and 0.1 square mile (0.3 km2) (2.99%) is water.

The village is located on the Grasse River, a tributary of the St. Lawrence River.

The village is served by U.S. Route 11, New York State Route 68, New York State Route 310, and County Roads 27 and 24.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 5,882 people, 1,531 households, and 797 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,817.9 PD/sqmi. There were 1,680 housing units at an average density of 519.2 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 91.81% White, 4.49% Black or African American, 0.54% Native American, 0.99% Asian, 1.02% from other races, and 1.16% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.92% of the population.

There were 1,531 households, out of which 26.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.9% were married couples living together, 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 47.9% were non-families. 38.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.13 and the average family size was 2.86.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 12.3% under the age of 18, 45.8% from 18 to 24, 16.7% from 25 to 44, 13.6% from 45 to 64, and 11.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 22 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $38,627, and the median income for a family was $59,211. Males had a median income of $38,818 versus $28,750 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,745. About 8.5% of families and 15.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.6% of those under age 18 and 7.1% of those age 65 or over.

Radio

 * WVLF-FM Mix 96.1
 * WRCD-FM 101.5 The Fox
 * WSLU, flagship station of North Country Public Radio

title: Canton (village), New York


text:
Canton, New York

Canton is an incorporated town in St. Lawrence County, New York. The population was 11,638 at the time of the 2020 census. The town contains two villages: one also named Canton, the other named Rensselaer Falls. The town is named after the great port of Canton (now named Guangzhou) in China. Canton is the home of St. Lawrence University and the State University of New York at Canton. The Canton Central School District is based in the village of Canton.

History
Humans have been present in this region of New York since the Paleo-Indian period which is from about 15,000-7,000 BC. Iroquoian peoples arrived between 1,200 and 4,000 years ago, and both the Mohawk and the Oneida consider the Adirondacks to be part of their territory. When white settlers began to arrive, the area was part of the Mohawk Nation, which was part of the Iroquois Confederacy. The Mohawks are known as Kanienkehaka, or "the people of the flint," and they were considered the keepers of the Eastern door for this edge of Haudenosaunee territory. The first settler arrived in 1800. The town was organized/incorporated on May 14, 1805, from part of the town of Lisbon. The name Canton was supposedly selected due to contemporary interests in the China trade. Canton was one of the original ten towns of the county. In 1845, the community of Canton was incorporated as a village. The Brick Chapel Church and Cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Geography
After the War of 1812, the sovereign territory known as Akwesasne was bisected in two when the United States and Great Britain drew a line on a map, creating today's northern border between New York state and Canada. Now the Akwesasne Mohawk reservation sits in both countries, with borders of its own.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 105.9square miles, of which 104.8 square miles (27 are land and 1.1 are water).

The Grasse River flows northward through the centre of St. Lawrence County, and the Oswegatchie River flows through the northwest corner. U.S. Route 11 is a northeast–southwest highway, which intersects New York State Route 68 and New York State Route 310 at Canton village.

Demographics
, the census reported that there were 10,334 people, 3,198 households, and 2,011 families residing in the town. The population density was 98.6 PD/sqmi. There were 3,515 housing units at an average density of 33.5 /sqmi. 91.81% White, 4.49% Black or African American, 0.54% Native American, 0.99% Asian, 1.02% from other races, and 1.16% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.92% of the population. There were 3,198 households, out of which 31.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.3% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.1% were non-families. 29.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.99.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 18.9% under the age of 18, 29.6% from 18 to 24, 21.8% from 25 to 44, 18.4% from 45 to 64, and 11.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 27 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.6 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $36,875, and the median income for a family was $43,819. Males had a median income of $33,993 versus $25,989 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,896. About 9.2% of families and 12.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.6% of those under age 18 and 7.5% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation
U.S. Route 11 runs through Canton and is served by Adirondack Trailways, with stops in Gouverneur, Watertown and Syracuse to the west, and Potsdam, Malone and Rouses Point to the east. To the north on New York State Route 68, Ogdensburg borders Canada at the Johnstown crossing, which in turn is an hour from the capital, Ottawa.

The CSX Transportation former New York Central Railroad St. Lawrence Division runs through the town. Until 1964 the New York Central operated passenger trains from Massena, through the town, to Watertown, and to Syracuse to meet up with the NYC mainline.

Communities and locations in the Town of Canton

 * Crary Mills – A hamlet southwest of Canton village.
 * Brick Chapel – A hamlet south of Canton village on County Road 27.
 * Canton – A village centrally located in the town by the Grasse River and US-11.
 * Eddy – A hamlet in the southwestern corner of the town on US-11.
 * Morley – A hamlet on the northern town line by the Grasse River at the intersection of County Roads 14 and 27. The community was originally known as "Long Rapids."
 * Pyrites – A hamlet in the southwestern corner of the town on US-11.
 * Rensselaer Falls – A village in the northwestern corner of the town on County Roads 14 and 15.
 * St. Lawrence University – A university in Canton village.
 * SUNY Canton – A state college northwest of Canton village.
 * Upper and Lower Lakes State Wildlife Area
 * Woodbridge Corners – A location NY-68 northwest of Canton village.

Notable people

 * Irving Bacheller, writer and journalist
 * Charles Edward Bennett, Florida congressman, was born in Canton
 * Dan Brady, ice hockey player for Boston University and Western Hockey League
 * Greg Carvel, UMass ice hockey head coach
 * Cynthia Eloise Cleveland, lawyer and writer, born in Canton
 * Theodore Conkey, Wisconsin politician
 * Jordan Greenway, NHL player for the Buffalo Sabres
 * A. Barton Hepburn, financier, philanthropist and U.S. Comptroller of the Currency
 * Dave Jennings, professional American football player; played for St. Lawrence University
 * David O'Brien Martin, New York politician and attorney
 * Wade Megan, ice hockey player
 * Frederic Remington, artist
 * William Pierce Rogers, United States Secretary of State
 * Matthew Skoller, Chicago blues harmonicist, singer, songwriter, and record producer
 * Hobart Stocking (1846–1920), Wisconsin legislator
 * Silas Wright, New York State Governor

title: Canton, New York


text:
Edwards (CDP), New York

Edwards is a hamlet (and census-designated place) in St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. The population was 439 at the 2010 census. It was an incorporated village until dissolution in 2012.

The hamlet is in the northeast corner of the Town of Edwards. Both the former village and surrounding town are near the south county line.

History
The village was originally settled on a river island, but expanded onto the mainland to take advantage of the "Russell Turnpike," a military road. The first structure, a grist mill, was erected in the future village in 1814, giving the future village its first name "Sheads Mill."

A destructive fire in 1894 destroyed much of the village.

On Tuesday, March 15, 2011, village voters decided to dissolve the village into the surrounding town by a vote of 55 to 9 in favor. The village was dissolved on December 31, 2012, and on January 1, 2013, the Town of Edwards assumed responsibility for the former village.

Geography
Edwards is located at 44.32361°N, -75.25278°W (44.323659, -75.252926).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.0 square mile (2.6 km2), of which 1.0 square mile (2.5 km2) is land and 1.01% is water.

The village is by the junction of County Roads 19 and 24, north of New York State Route 58.

The Oswegatchie River flows westward past the village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 465 people, 177 households, and 118 families residing in the village. The population density was 477.2 PD/sqmi. There were 192 housing units at an average density of 197.0 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 96.77% White, 0.43% Black or African American, 0.65% Native American, 0.22% from other races, and 1.94% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.29% of the population.

There were 177 households, out of which 35.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.3% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.8% were non-families. 27.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 18.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.20.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 29.5% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 19.1% from 45 to 64, and 16.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.4 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $30,682, and the median income for a family was $35,417. Males had a median income of $30,938 versus $18,889 for females. The per capita income for the village was $11,613. About 15.8% of families and 16.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.4% of those under age 18 and 11.6% of those age 65 or over.

title: Edwards (CDP), New York


text:
Edwards, New York

Edwards is a town in St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. The population was 1,156 at the 2010 census. The village is named after Edward McCormack, brother of the founder.

Until January 1, 2013, the Town of Edwards contained a village also called Edwards. The former village dissolved on December 31, 2012. The town is in the southwestern part of the county, south of Canton.

History
During the War of 1812, settlers began arriving in the town.

The town was formed in 1827 from a section of the Town of Fowler. In 1852, Edwards was increased by part of the Town of Hermon.

The local economy is based on farming and mining, but the local mining activities have been minimal since 1984.

The Edwards Town Hall was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 51.3 square miles (133.0 km2), of which 50.7 square miles (131.4 km2) is land and 0.6 square mile (1.6 km2)  (1.17%) is water.

The Oswegatchie River flows northwestward through the town.

New York State Route 58 is an east–west highway in the town.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,148 people, 429 households, and 320 families residing in the town. The population density was 22.6 people per square mile (8.7/km2). There were 566 housing units at an average density of 11.2 per square mile (4.3/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.00% White, 0.44% Black or African American, 0.35% Native American, 0.17% from other races, and 1.05% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.87% of the population.

There were 429 households, out of which 37.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.6% were married couples living together, 9.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.2% were non-families. 20.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 3.07.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 29.4% under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 29.2% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 13.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.4 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $31,705, and the median income for a family was $35,000. Males had a median income of $31,522 versus $18,864 for females. The per capita income for the town was $13,167. About 16.0% of families and 19.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.5% of those under age 18 and 8.7% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in the Town of Edwards

 * Creek Settlement – A former community southeast of Edwards village.
 * Edwards – The Village of Edwards is in the northeastern part of the town on County Road 24.
 * Pond Settlement – A hamlet in the southeastern part of the town on County Road 23.
 * South Edwards – A hamlet in the southeastern part of the town on County Road 23 and the Oswegatchie River. It was first settled around 1824 and was called "Shawville."
 * Scotch Settlement – A former community in the northeastern part of the town.
 * Talcville – A hamlet in the northeastern part of the town, west of Edwards village, is named after the talc deposits found nearby. The community was originally called Freemansville.

title: Edwards, New York


text:
Gouverneur (village), New York

Gouverneur is a village in St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. The population was 3,949 at the 2010 census. The village is named after Gouverneur Morris, one of the authors of the Constitution of the United States, as well as a prominent landowner and part-time resident of the area.

The Village of Gouverneur is in the Town of Gouverneur in the southeastern part of both the town and the county.

The community is called the "Marble Village" because of the many structures made from marble and the importance of marble in the early economy.

History
Gouverneur Morris, his relative Samuel Ogden, and partner William Constable were all early landowners in northern New York, and Morris established a summer home in the town. Mining the local marble was one of the first big industries in the area. Later, mining talc and zinc became important.

The Village of Gouverneur was incorporated in 1850.

The First Presbyterian Church Complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 2.2 square miles (5.7 km2), of which 2.1 square miles (5.5 km2) are land and 0.1 square mile (0.2 km2) (2.74%) is water.

U.S. Route 11 passes through the village, where it converges with New York State Route 58 and New York State Route 812. County Road 11 leads into the village from the north, and County Road 12 leads in from the west.

The Oswegatchie River flows westward through the village.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,263 people, 1,667 households, and 1,093 families residing in the village. The population density was 2,004.4 PD/sqmi. There were 1,815 housing units at an average density of 853.4 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 94.39% White, 1.78% Black or African American, 0.38% Native American, 0.40% Asian, 0.23% Pacific Islander, 1.06% from other races, and 1.76% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.28% of the population.

There were 1,667 households, out of which 36.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.6% were married couples living together, 13.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.4% were non-families. 29.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 3.09.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 29.8% under the age of 18, 9.5% from 18 to 24, 27.3% from 25 to 44, 19.7% from 45 to 64, and 13.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.9 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $25,174, and the median income for a family was $29,192. Males had a median income of $31,768 versus $20,064 for females. The per capita income for the village was $12,482. About 17.6% of families and 18.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 22.6% of those under age 18 and 10.2% of those age 65 or over.

Notable residents

 * Edward J. Noble (1882-1958), founder of the American Broadcasting Company
 * Thomas Pangle, author and holder of the Joe R. Long Chair in Democratic Studies at the University of Texas
 * Brian Leonard, former American football player for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and Cincinnati Bengals of the NFL

title: Gouverneur (village), New York


text:
Gouverneur, New York

Gouverneur is a town in St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,551. That was down from 7,085 in 2010. The town is named after statesman and landowner Gouverneur Morris.

The Town of Gouverneur contains a village named Gouverneur. The town is near the southwestern border of St. Lawrence County and is southwest of Canton, the county seat.

History
The region was first settled around 1805.

The Town of Gouverneur was formed in 1810 from part of the Town of Oswegatchie (previously an area called "Town of Cambria").

Like many other settlements in the county, the town's growth was hindered by the War of 1812, although rapid growth resumed soon after.

In 1850, the community of Gouverneur set itself off from the town by incorporating as a village.

The town economy was based in part on mining marble, talc, and zinc.

The United States Post Office was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 72.4 square miles (187.6 km2), of which 71.5 square miles (185.3 km2) is land and 0.9 square mile (2.3 km2)  (1.24%) is water.

The Oswegatchie River flows through the town in two directions, westward in the south and eastward in the north.

U.S. Route 11, New York State Route 58, and New York State Route 812 converge at Gouverneur village. NY-58 and NY-812 are conjoined southwest of the village, and US-11 and NY-812 are conjoined northeast of the village. Due to the low area population and relatively little through traffic, the area's highways and the Gouverneur Town Court experience relatively light traffic flow.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 7,418 people, 2,484 households, and 1,674 families residing in the town. The population density was 49.3 PD/sqmi. There were 2,724 housing units at an average density of 38.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 85.43% White, 9.46% Black or African American, 0.40% Native American, 0.39% Asian, 0.13% Pacific Islander, 2.95% from other races, and 1.23% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.86% of the population.

There were 2,484 households, out of which 34.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.7% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.6% were non-families. 26.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.06.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.5% under the age of 18, 10.1% from 18 to 24, 33.8% from 25 to 44, 20.0% from 45 to 64, and 11.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 124.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 129.7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $27,701, and the median income for a family was $31,212. Males had a median income of $31,280 versus $19,394 for females. The per capita income for the town was $13,820. About 18.9% of families and 19.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 26.7% of those under age 18 and 11.4% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Gouverneur

 * Elmdale – A hamlet in the northwestern part of the town on NY-58 and the Oswegatchie River.
 * Gouverneur – The Village of Gouverneur is on US-11 at the Oswegatchie River, near the eastern town line.
 * Halls Corners – A hamlet in the northern part of the town, south of North Gouverneur.
 * Little Bow – A hamlet northwest of Gouverneur village.
 * Natural Dam – A hamlet on NY-58 west of Gouverneur village, where Gouverneur Morris once had a summer home. The name arose due to a large rock, partially blocking the Oswegatchie River.
 * North Gouverneur – A hamlet in the northern part of the town west of County Road 11.
 * Reservoir Hill – An elevation by the town line, east of Gouverneur village.
 * Staplin Corners – A hamlet in the northern part of the town, north of North Gouverneur.

Notable people

 * Phil Hanlon (b. 1955), mathematician and former president of Dartmouth College
 * Brian Leonard (b. 1984), former running back for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers
 * Edward John Noble (1882–1958), developer and marketer of Life Savers
 * Thomas Lee Pangle (b. 1944), political scientist
 * William R. Rowley (1824–1886), American Civil War general
 * Lillian Tait Sheldon (1865–1925), composer
 * Tudi Wiggins (1935–2006), Canadian actress in daytime television dramas
 * James Franklin Wiley, member of the Wisconsin State Senate

title: Gouverneur, New York


text:
Hammond (village), New York

Hammond is a village in St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. The population was 280 at the 2010 census. The village is named after an early landowner.

The Village of Hammond is near the center of the Town of Hammond at the western corner of the county.

History
The original landowner of the town was Abijah Hammond. The village was formerly known as "Hammond Corners."

Geography
Hammond is located at 44.44806°N, -75.69306°W (44.44815, -75.693318).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.6 square mile (1.5 km2), all land.

Hammond lies at the junction of County Road 6 (St. Lawrence Avenue/Lake Street) and New York State Route 37 (Main Street).

While bordering neither, the village is between the St. Lawrence River and Black Lake.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 302 people, 125 households, and 81 families residing in the village. The population density was 516.5 PD/sqmi. There were 144 housing units at an average density of 246.3 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.68% White, 0.33% Native American, 0.33% Pacific Islander, and 0.66% from two or more races.

There were 125 households, out of which 32.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.0% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.2% were non-families. 33.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.11.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 30.5% under the age of 18, 4.3% from 18 to 24, 26.2% from 25 to 44, 20.5% from 45 to 64, and 18.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.0 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $22,159, and the median income for a family was $25,313. Males had a median income of $35,625 versus $23,750 for females. The per capita income for the village was $12,399. About 11.8% of families and 15.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.1% of those under the age of eighteen and 17.2% of those 65 or over.

title: Hammond (village), New York


text:
Hammond, New York

Hammond is a town in St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. The population was 1,191 at the 2010 census. The name is derived from early land owner Abijah Hammond.

The Town of Hammond is in the northwestern corner of St. Lawrence County. The Village of Hammond lies approximately centrally within the town.

History
The Town of Hammond was formed in 1827 when portions of the Town of Morristown and the Town of Rossie were combined. Subsequent small alterations in the town lines affected the neighboring Towns of Rossie, Macomb, and Morristown.

Alexander Macomb bought land in this area and this was known as the Macomb purchase. Later this land was bought by Abijah Hammond, a New York Businessman, he in turn sold 28,871 acre of land to David Parish. A land office was opened in 1814 in Chippewa Bay, a sub-community of the Town of Hammond today.

By an Act of New York State Legislature they passed that Hammond was officially a town, this happened on March 30, 1827. The town was named after Abijah Hammond. Hammond is older than Chicago and at one point was larger but due to location Hammond lost its population.

The first resident of Hammond was in Chippewa Bay, his name was William McNeil. He was originally from Vermont. He lived in a cave which is no longer there, the spot is marked with a nearby plaque provided by the local R.T. Elethorp Historical Society. A statue was carved in his honor and is located in front of the Hammond Museum, north of the Village of Hammond on state Route 37. The cave was covered by construction crews when a road was built to the edge of the bay.

Population had increased by 240% by the year 1840. The first school house was built from 1819 to 1820. The first church in 1821 and the first post office in 1822. The log shanties with thatched roofs were replaced with frame and stone houses, many of which stand today. The stone houses built in the early 1800s were built by the first Scottish families immigrating to the Hammond area.

Geography
The Village of Hammond is located at 44.44889°N, -75.69417°W. The elevation is 358 ft.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 77.9 sqmi, of which 62.2 sqmi is land and 15.7 sqmi (20.13%) is water.

The northern town line is the international border of Ontario, Canada, defined by the St. Lawrence River. The western town line is the border of Jefferson County.

New York State Route 37 is a north–south state highway which passes through the center of the Village of Hammond. New York State Route 12 follows the south bank of the St. Lawrence River through the Town and was built in the mid-1960s connecting Interstate 81 west of Alexandria Bay with NY-37 at Morristown.

The community is in the Eastern Standard time zone.

Education

 * Hammond Central School – A single story building, all encompassing, Pre-K through 12th grade public educational facility, located on Main Street in the Village of Hammond. There are approximately 300 students who attend. The average grade level has 21 students. HCS is known for their exceptional sports teams, despite their small size.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,207 people, 500 households, and 339 families residing in the town. The population density was 19.4 people per square mile (7.5/km2). There were 1,371 housing units at an average density of 22.0 per square mile (8.5/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 97.18% White, 0.50% Black or African American, 0.66% Native American, 0.17% Pacific Islander, 0.25% from other races, and 1.24% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.33% of the population.

There were 500 households, out of which 28.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.6% were married couples living together, 7.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.2% were non-families. 27.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.7% under the age of 18, 5.3% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 24.9% from 45 to 64, and 18.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $25,313, and the median income for a family was $30,114. Males had a median income of $24,135 versus $20,938 for females. The per capita income for the town was $14,998. About 15.3% of families and 19.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.1% of those under age 18 and 19.5% of those age 65 or over.

Economy
Within the town, many smaller localized communities have evolved. All had their own businesses/industries. The primary industry of the original Scottish settlers was sheep farming and supporting entities which evolved into today's modern dairy farming. As major roads permeated the area, a secondary travel and vacation industry sprang up which provided extensive vacation/recreational rental properties on both Black Lake and the St Lawrence River.

Business and industries included in the townships history have included, glass factories, asheries, tanneries, restaurants, gas stations, auto repair, two post offices, a lumber yard, a bowling alley, a bank, a library, a phone company, cottage rentals, boat/motor/general marine services, barber shops, antiques, saw mills, blacksmiths, a farm store, general stores, stone quarries, milk processing plants, cheese factories, coal storage cribs/coal sale and delivery etc. A railroad spur line passed through the western side of the Village of Hammond and was in limited use until the early-mid-1960s. The original railroad depot is still standing in the same spot. Many of the original stone quarries are still identifiable. A stone quarry on Oak Island in Chippewa Bay supplied stone to build Boldt Castle. It even had its own railway to move cut stone to the boats used to transport the stone. A stone quarry that was once located in South Hammond on Route 37 supplied sandstone to make local roads. This quarry at one time employed approximately 600 men. The Town of Hammond Museum, formed by R.T. Elethorp Historical Society, saved an original quarry building from the South Hammond quarry and moved it to the current museum property.

The remnants of where many of the old forgotten business once stood can still be seen today.

The Village of Hammond also has a mason's lodge, a retirement home, several churches and a town museum (previously mentioned).

Hamlets* and notable locations within the Town of Hammond

 * Atlantis Island – An island in the St. Lawrence River near Chippewa Bay village.
 * Black Lake – A small part of the southwestern end of the lake is inside the town at its eastern town line.
 * Big Island – An island in the St. Lawrence River in the town of Hammond.
 * Black Bay – A bay on Black Lake near the eastern town line.
 * Blind Bay – A small hamlet off NY-12 just northeast of Chippewa Point on the St. Lawrence River. The hamlet contains a small bay, a store/marina, several homes and summer cottages.
 * Cedar Island – An Island in Chippewa Bay on the St. Lawrence River.
 * Cedar Island State Park – A state park located on Cedar Island in the St. Lawrence River.
 * Chippewa Bay – A hamlet on the shore of Chippawa Bay, located on NY-12. Chippewa Bay contains many year round residents, summer homes and rental cottages. The Town of Hammond has a town dock/boat launch and parking facility there. A summer store/marina is located there also and is next to the parking area that is reserved for campers using the Cedar Island State Park facilities. One of the two post offices in the township is also located there.
 * Chippewa Creek – A stream near the northeastern end of Chippewa Bay, adjacent to Little Hammond, which drains part of the township into the bay.
 * Chippewa Point – A point of land defining the northernmost end of Chippewa Bay. It is defined (technically) as a "Cape" and a "Locale" by the US Geological Society.
 * Crooked Creek – A stream near the southwestern end of Chippewa Bay near Schermerhorn Landing, which drains part of the township into the bay.
 * Crossover Island – A St. Lawrence River island in the northern part of the town containing the landmark "Crossover Is Lighthouse".
 * Dark Island A St. Lawrence River island in the Chippewa Bay area. The castle on the island is now a tourist attraction known as Singer Castle originally built in 1905 by Frederick Gilbert Bourne, the fifth president of the Singer Sewing Machine Company.
 * Eric Corner – A location south of Chippewa Bay, located on County Road 6.
 * Hammond – The Village of Hammond is located in the center of the Town of Hammond on NY-37 at its junction with County Road 6.
 * Hemlock Island – An island in the St. Lawrence River by the northwestern corner of the town.
 * Little Hammond – a small hamlet of mostly summer homes on the northeastern end of Chippewa Bay, adjacent to Chippewa Point and Blind Bay.
 * Mink Island – An island located between Oak Island and the mainland near Schermerhorn Landing. A unique community of 13 cottages.
 * North Hammond – A hamlet north of the Village of Hammond on County Road 3.
 * Oak Island – An island in the St. Lawrence River near Schermerhorn Landing.
 * Oak Point – A hamlet on NY-12 along the south shore of the St. Lawrence River. The community is located on a land projection into the river which also contains a small bay and several small islands. The hamlet contains both permanent residents, summer homes and vacation rentals. The Town of Hammond has a town dock/boat launch facility there.
 * Oakvale – A hamlet southeast of South Hammond, south of NY-37.
 * Schermerhorn Landing – A hamlet on Chippewa Bay, southwest of Chippewa Bay village on NY-12.
 * Sister Island Lighthouse – A St Lawrence Seaway lighthouse which is located near Schermerhorn Landing which is only visible by water and is upstream from Dark Island.
 * South Hammond – A small hamlet of residences is located southwest of the Village of Hammond on NY-37.
 * Saint Lawrence Seaway – The St. Lawrence Seaway operated by the US Government, Dept. of the Interior passes through the American side of the St. Lawrence River in the Town of Hammond.
 * A "Hamlet" is technically defined as a "Populated Place" by the US Geological Survey.

title: Hammond, New York


text:
Hermon (hamlet), New York

Hermon is a hamlet (and census-designated place) in St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. The population was 422 at the 2010 census.

The hamlet is in the northern part of the Town of Hermon and is southwest of Canton. It was an incorporated village from 1887 to 2016.

History
This was the twenty-fourth town erected by an act of the Legislature passed April 17, 1830. Hermon was originally organized under the name of Depeau, after Francis Depeau, once proprietor of a large tract of land in Jefferson County. He was also interested in the middle third of this territory, which had passed from McCormick to George Lewis, July 12, 1804, who sold to John and Curtis Bolton, August 1, 1823, and they sold to Depeau, June 6, 1828. He sold to Sarah, wife of John Bolton. May 3. 1830.

The town was formed from De Kalb and Edwards April 17, 1830. The first town meeting was held at the school-house near Nathaniel Kent's May 4, 1830, and the following officers elected: William Teall, supervisor; Benjamin Healey, town clerk; Wilkes Richardson, Isaac C. Pool, Silas Williams, assessors; Martin L. Cook, John Matoon, over-. seers of the poor; Simeon Peterson, Jesse Worden, Shubael Parker, commissioners of highways; Wilkes Richardson, Robert Gotham, Harry Tanner, commissioners of schools; Benjamin Healey, Aaron Teall, C. D. Morehouse, inspectors of public schools; Charles O. Redfield, collector; Ariel Wrisley, Charles C. Redfield, constables.

The town originally embraced the township of Fitzwilliam and a strip one mile (1.6 km) by six from the southwest side of De Kalb. On November 17, 1852, the supervisors annexed a tract from the southeastern corner of the town of Edwards, leaving in Hermon 36686 acre.

The name of the town was changed to Hermon, February 28, 1834, as there was a Depeauville in Jefferson County. A post-office named Hermon had been established in the northeastern part of the town December 28, 1828.

Many of the pioneers of this town came from Vermont and were industrious and hardy people. The first white settler was James Taylor, who made a small clearing in the western part circa 1805. Philemon Stewart, Ariel Inman and Rufus Hopkins came in soon afterwards, but left on the outbreak of the War of 1812 and did not return. Thomas Tanner came in March 1809, and spent the remainder of his long  life there.

The first road leading through this town was that from Russell to De Kaib, which was opened just prior to the War of 1812. In 1818 the road from De Kalb to what is now Hermon village was opened.

The first school taught in the town was kept in the house of David McCollum in the winter of 1817-18 by William D. Moore.

The first marriage in the town was that of Ashbel Tryon and Harriet McCollum, July 4, 1821; and the first death was that of Peter, infant son of Germain Sutherland, in 1818.

A post office was established at Hermon on December 20, 1828, with Benjamin Healey as postmaster. The mails then came in from De Kalb, carried on horseback by Henry Tanner.

David McCollum settled in 1812 and had four sons: Martin, John, Jefferson D. and Samuel. The latter took the homestead. Roger Story came in 1813. Germain Sutherland settled in 1816; he was father of Moses H. and one of his daughters married H. B. Hamlin, and another Rosalve Healey.

Other early settlers were Joseph H. Baird, One Gibbons, William Teall (the first supervisor), Benjamin Healey (the first town clerk, and who left numerous descendants), Clark Main, Ralph Fisher, Lorenzo H. Sheldon, Chester Winslow, Shubael Parker, Wilkes Richardson (one of the first assessors and father of Ferdinand and King R,), William D. Gilmore, William H. Underwood. Henry Reed, Orlando Babbitt, Dr. H. Alexander, Reuben L. Willson, John Gardner, and Asa, his son, Frank Matteson, Ransom and John Day, Noah Hamilton, Ezra Leonard, Alexander Brown, Almon and Amos V. Farnsworth, Silas Williams, A. F. Gates, a prominent dairyman and farmer, William Rasback, Thomas Thornhill, Alvin A. Corey, William A. Scripter, E. J. Stewart, son of Philemon Stewart, an early settler. Many of these men became prominent in the community and sonic of them left descendants in this section.

The early industries of this town were connected with lumbering, the clearing of land and raising such crops as were needed by the people. But early in the history of this locality its excellent adaptability to grazing became apparent and more attention was given to stock-raising and dairying, and in recent years the latter industry has given it a rank among the best towns in the county. Cheese is the principal product.

There are large deposits of hematite iron ore in the town and early attracted attention, and it was long believed they would prove to be a source of wealth. Mining operations were begun on an extensive scale in 1864, and J. W. Lowden, an eastern capitalist, also erected a furnace at Cooper's Falls in De Kalb. Mr. Lowden invested a large sum of money, mostly in preliminary work, In 1872 he sold out his whole interest to the Union Iron Company of Buffalo, John Webb of Gouverneur acting as local agent of the company. The "hard times "of 1873-4 came on, and that fact was given as a reason for cessation of the enterprise, which has never been resumed. Like most of the other attempts to successfully mine and produce iron in this county, there seem to have been conditions and circumstances which, coupled with the cheap production elsewhere, rendered it impossible to profitably pursue the industry here.

The Village of Hermon was officially dissolved on December 31, 2016.

Geography
Hermon is located at 44.46667°N, -75.22917°W (44.466873, -75.229274).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the hamlet has a total area of 0.4 square mile (1.0 km2), all land.

The community is on County Road 17, several miles southeast of U.S. Route 11.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 402 people, 151 households, and 102 families residing in what was then a village. The population density was 1,063.9 PD/sqmi. There were 161 housing units at an average density of 426.1 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.26% White, 1.24% Black or African American, and 0.50% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.75% of the population.

There were 151 households, out of which 32.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.4% were married couples living together, 13.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.8% were non-families. 21.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 26.4% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 26.6% from 25 to 44, 24.6% from 45 to 64, and 15.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.5 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $31,477, and the median income for a family was $34,583. Males had a median income of $32,813 versus $22,969 for females. The per capita income for the village was $13,463. About 16.5% of families and 21.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 27.1% of those under age 18 and 22.4% of those age 65 or over.

title: Hermon (hamlet), New York


text:
Hermon, New York

Hermon is a town in St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. The population was 1,108 at the 2010 census. Hermon is named after Mount Hermon in Israel, which is the name corresponding to Mount Jabal al-Sheikh in Syria. The town contains a hamlet also called Hermon, and is in the south-central part of the county, southwest of Canton.

History
James Taylor was the first to settle the area around 1805. Like many settlements in the county, several families fled during the War of 1812. The first saw mill was built in 1818 on Elm Creek.

The town was established in 1830 as the "Town of Depeau" from the towns of De Kalb and Edwards. The town's name was changed to Hermon – after a post office in the town – in 1834 due to the presence of another location named after Francis Depeau. In 1852, Hermon arrived at its current dimensions after a small part from its southeast corner was moved to the town of Edwards.

The community of Hermon was set off from the town in 1887 by being incorporated as a village, which was dissolved in 2016.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 54.2 square miles (140.4 km2), of which 53.4 square miles (138.4 km2) is land and 0.8 square miles (1.9 km2) (1.38%) is water.

Demographics
At the 2020 census, there were 1,074 people, 419 households and 293 families residing in the town. The population density was 19.8 /sqmi. There were 637 housing units at an average density of 11.1 /sqmi. The racial make-up of the town was 94.3% white, 1.4% black or African American, 0.5% Native American, 0.1% Asian, and 3.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.2% of the population.

There were 419 households, of which 30.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.4% were married couples living together, 21.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.1% were non-families. 23.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.15.

24.0% of the population were under the age of 18, 6.3% from 18 to 24, 18.7% from 25 to 44, 28.7% from 45 to 64, and 22.3% 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.2 males.

The median household income was $49,667 and the median family income was $59,271. Males had a median income of $40,385 and females $26,118. The per capita income was $24,979. About 4.5% of families and 9.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.4% of those under age 18 and 14.1% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Hermon

 * Fairbanks Corners – a location at the eastern town line on County Road 21
 * Hermon – a hamlet in the northern part of the town on County Road 17, formerly a village
 * Kents Corners – a hamlet southwest of Hermon hamlet, located in the northeastern part of Hermon at the junction of County Roads 19 and 20.
 * Marshville – a hamlet south of Hermon hamlet. The name comes from Horatio Marsh, an early settler
 * Trout Lake – a lake in the southern part of the town

title: Hermon, New York


text:
Massena (village), New York

Massena is a village in St. Lawrence County, New York, United States. The village is named after André Masséna, one of Napoleon's generals.

The Village of Massena is at the southwestern town line of the Town of Massena, with a small southeastern section of the community spilling into the Town of Louisville, and a tiny portion in the Town of Norfolk. The village is located near the northern border of the county.

History
The village was first settled circa 1803. Part of its early growth was based on neighboring medicinal springs. André Masséna was one of the original eighteen Marshals of France created by Napoleon.

Massena is the hometown of Baseball Hall of Fame member Bid McPhee, who was born there in 1859. Voice actor Hal Smith spent a significant part of his early years living in Massena. He graduated from the Massena High School in 1936.

In 1928, Massena was the site of a blood libel against its small Jewish community. Its history has been recorded by the town's longstanding newspaper, The Courier-Observer, formerly named The Massena Observer' , and in The Incident at Massena, a 1978 book by historian Saul S. Friedman.

Throughout the mid 20th century, Massena experienced enormous growth due to the construction of the Franklin D. Roosevelt power project and the Eisenhower locks which helped connect the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes via the St. Lawrence River. Massena established itself as the manufacturing center of St. Lawrence county with Aluminum Company Of America (Alcoa) plant, Reynolds Metals plant (now Alcoa) and a General Motors Powertrain plant (dismantled in 2011). The Alcoa East plant was temporarily idled in 2009, but began to restart pot lines in January 2011.

The village has experienced a decline in population in recent decades largely due to its eroding industrial base and incomes. The unemployment and crime rates for the village had doubled in the past decade. The village tax rates have gone up 52 percent since 2004. The government blames it on growing employee union increased pay demands and pension funds.

Many of the Main Street's storefronts of downtown remain vacant. Some of the abandoned buildings along Water Street have been torn down as well. Various vacant homes throughout the town have burned or also been torn down. Furthermore, the St. Lawrence Centre Mall, once a thriving shopping center, has seen nearly 90% of its stores close their doors at the mall, while many simply left the town altogether. The crime rate of Massena has gone up dramatically in the past 10 years. The village mayor Tim Currier was arrested on drug charges in 2020.

The Robinson Bay Archeological District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 4.7 square miles (12.2 km2), of which 4.5 square miles (11.7 km2) is land and 0.2 square mile (0.5 km2) (3.82%) is water.

The village is located on the banks of the Grasse River and the Raquette River and on the shore of the St. Lawrence River. Robert Moses State Park is located northeast of the village. The Eisenhower Lock System is located around the area before the State Park, was established in 1954 and has been running since.

East–west highway New York State Route 37B intersects New York State Route 37 in the village, and both intersect New York State Route 420, a north–south highway.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 13,121 people, 2,510 households, and 3,454 families residing in the town. The population density was 293.7 PD/sqmi. There were 5,880 housing units at an average density of 131.6 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the town was 96.80% White, 0.30% Black or African American, 1.25% Native American, 0.41% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.18% from other races, and .02% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.83% of the population.

There were 5,510 households, out of which 39.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.1% were married couples living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.3% were non-families. 31.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.98 and the average family size was 3.67.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 23.7% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 27.3% from 25 to 44, 23.2% from 45 to 64, and 18.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.7 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $28,391, and the median income for a family was $32,696. Males had a median income of $38,484 versus $18,819 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,111. About 16.9% of families and 28.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.4% of those under age 18 and 10.8% of those age 65 or over.

Radio

 * WMSA 1340
 * WVLF-FM Mix 96.1
 * WRCD-FM 101.5 The Fox
 * WYBG 1050 (defunct)

title: Massena (village), New York