text:
Page:Folk-lore - A Quarterly Review. Volume 7, 1896.djvu/383

Rh How far back we may place the earliest of these royal masks I am unable to say. St. Louis (1226-70), who was buried at the Abbey of St. Denis, caused effigies to be erected of all the kings that preceded him and had been buried there. But it is not supposed that any of these were portraits. The tomb of Philippe le Hardi (ob. 1285) bears an effigy which is supposed to be the earliest authentic royal portrait statue at St. Denis. So we are entitled to believe that at least from the last quarter of the thirteenth century to the end of the nineteenth, sepulchral masks have been used in some part of Europe. With regard to America, as we cannot credit the pious Pilgrim Fathers with having brought with them from England the custom of rougeing the faces of the dead, it is probably a very modern nineteenth-century recrudescence of a very ancient idea, and is perhaps totally disconnected historically with any practice of the kind in Europe. Though the possibility is not excluded that the practice might have been introduced by Italians from Sicily. For the next eight or nine centuries, till the fifth or fourth century, there is a break in the record, though it is possible that in Italy and Gaul the tradition was never entirely lost. It might be objected that the word "mask," Italian maschero, French masque, is of Arabic origin, and that the Latin persona has entirely lost its original meaning in the Romance languages. But persona was only applied to the masks used in the theatre and at some processions of a semi-religious nature. The Latin word for the wax mask of an ancestor was imago ; and in this form it was probably transmitted till supplanted by the newer and more fashionable word "mask." The next set of masks, nearly all of them of metal, of which mention will be made, belong to the Imperial period of Roman history. Some of them can be approximately dated, and I shall enumerate them as nearly


text: Page:Alchemyofhappiness en.djvu/136

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Page:Alchemyofhappiness en.djvu/136


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/13

Rh and I felt precisely alike; for to fight in such a cause and with such an enemy was merely to carry out the doctrines we had both of us preached for many years. Senator Davis, Senator Proctor, Senator Foraker, Senator Chandler, Senator Morgan, Senator Frye, and a number of others also took just the right ground; and I saw a great deal of them, as well as of many members of the House, particularly those from the West, where the feeling for war was strongest.

Naval officers came and went, and Senators were only in the city while the Senate was in session; but there was one friend who was steadily in Washington. This was an army surgeon, Dr. Leonard Wood. I only met him after I entered the navy department, but we soon found that we had kindred tastes and kindred principles. He had served in General Miles's inconceivably harassing campaigns against the Apaches, where he had displayed such courage that he won that most coveted of distinctions—the Medal of Honor; such extraordinary physical strength and endurance that he grew to be recognized as one of the two or three white men who could stand fatigue and hardship as well as an Apache; and such judgment that toward the close of the campaigns he was given, though a surgeon, the actual command of more than one expedition against the bands of renegade Indians. Like so


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/14

8 many of the gallant fighters with whom it was later my good fortune to serve, he combined, in a very high degree, the qualities of entire manliness with entire uprightness and cleanliness of character. It was a pleasure to deal with a man of high ideals, who scorned everything mean and base, and who also possessed those robust and hardy qualities of body and mind, for the lack of which no merely negative virtue can ever atone. He was by nature a soldier of the highest type, and, like most natural soldiers, he was, of course, born with a keen longing for adventure; and, though an excellent doctor, what he really desired was the chance to lead men in some kind of hazard. To every possibility of such adventure he paid quick attention. For instance, he had a great desire to get me to go with him on an expedition into the Klondike in mid-winter, at the time when it was thought that a relief party would have to be sent there to help the starving miners.

In the summer he and I took long walks together through the beautiful broken country surrounding Washington. In winter we sometimes varied these walks by kicking a football in an empty lot, or, on the rare occasions when there was enough snow, by trying a couple of sets of skis or snow-skates, which had been sent me from Canada.

But always on our way out to and back from these


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/15

Rh walks and sport, there was one topic to which, in our talking, we returned, and that was the possible war with Spain. We both felt very strongly that such a war would be as righteous as it would be advantageous to the honor and the interests of the nation; and after the blowing up of the Maine, we felt that it was inevitable. We then at once began to try to see that we had our share in it. The President and my own chief, Secretary Long, were very firm against my going, but they said that if I was bent upon going they would help me. Wood was the medical adviser of both the President and the Secretary of War, and could count upon their friendship. So we started with the odds in our favor.

At first we had great difficulty in knowing exactly what to try for. We could go on the staff of any one of several Generals, but we much preferred to go in the line. Wood hoped he might get a commission in his native State of Massachusetts; but in Massachusetts, as in every other State, it proved there were ten men who wanted to go to the war for every chance to go. Then we thought we might get positions as field-officers under an old friend of mine, Colonel—now General—Francis V. Greene, of New York, the Colonel of the Seventy-first; but again there were no vacancies. Our doubts were resolved when Congress


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/16

10 the raising of three cavalry regiments from among the wild riders and riflemen of the Rockies and the Great Plains. During Wood's service in the Southwest he had commanded not only regulars and Indian scouts, but also white frontiersmen. In the Northwest I had spent much of my time, for many years, either on my ranch or in long hunting trips, and had lived and worked for months together with the cowboy and the mountain hunter, faring in every way precisely as they did.

Secretary Alger offered me the command of one of these regiments. If I had taken it, being entirely inexperienced in military work, I should not have known how to get it equipped most rapidly, for I should have spent valuable weeks in learning its needs, with the result that I should have missed the Santiago campaign, and might not even have had the consolation prize of going to Porto Rico. Fortunately, I was wise enough to tell the Secretary that while I believed I could learn to command the regiment in a month, yet that it was just this very month which I could not afford to spare, and that therefore I would be quite content to go as Lieutenant-Colonel, if he would make Wood Colonel.

This was entirely satisfactory to both the President and Secretary, and, accordingly, Wood and I were speedily commissioned as Colonel and Lieutenant-Colonel of the First United States Volunteer


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/17

Rh Cavalry. This was the official title of the regiment, but for some reason or other the public promptly christened us the "Rough Riders." At first we fought against the use of the term, but to no purpose; and when finally the Generals of Division and Brigade began to write in formal communications about our regiment as the "Rough Riders," we adopted the term ourselves.

The mustering-places for the regiment were appointed in New Mexico, Arizona, Oklahoma, and Indian Territory. The difficulty in organizing was not in selecting, but in rejecting men. Within a day or two after it was announced that we were to raise the regiment, we were literally deluged with applications from every quarter of the Union. Without the slightest trouble, so far as men went, we could have raised a brigade or even a division. The difficulty lay in arming, equipping, mounting, and disciplining the men we selected. Hundreds of regiments were being called into existence by the National Government, and each regiment was sure to have innumerable wants to be satisfied. To a man who knew the ground as Wood did, and who was entirely aware of our national unpreparedness, it was evident that the ordnance and quartermaster's bureaus could not meet, for some time to come, one-tenth of the demands that would be made upon them; and it was all-important to get in first with


text: Author:Edward Anthony Spitzka

title: Author:Edward Anthony Spitzka


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/18

12 our demands. Thanks to his knowledge of the situation and promptness, we immediately put in our requisitions for the articles indispensable for the equipment of the regiment; and then, by ceaseless worrying of excellent bureaucrats, who had no idea how to do things quickly or how to meet an emergency, we succeeded in getting our rifles, cartridges, revolvers, clothing, shelter-tents, and horse gear just in time to enable us to go on the Santiago expedition. Some of the State troops, who were already organized as National Guards, were, of course, ready, after a fashion, when the war broke out; but no other regiment which had our work to do was able to do it in anything like as quick time, and therefore no other volunteer regiment saw anything like the fighting which we did.

Wood thoroughly realized what the Ordnance Department failed to realize, namely, the inestimable advantage of smokeless powder; and, moreover, he was bent upon our having the weapons of the regulars, for this meant that we would be brigaded with them, and it was evident that they would do the bulk of the fighting if the war were short. Accordingly, by acting with the utmost vigor and promptness, he succeeded in getting our regiment armed with the Krag-Jorgensen carbine used by the regular cavalry. It was impossible to take any of the numerous


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/19

Rh companies which were proffered to us from the various States. The only organized bodies we were at liberty to accept were those from the four Territories. But owing to the fact that the number of men originally allotted to us, 780, was speedily raised to 1,000, we were given a chance to accept quite a number of eager volunteers who did not come from the Territories, but who possessed precisely the same temper that distinguished our Southwestern recruits, and whose presence materially benefited the regiment.

We drew recruits from Harvard, Yale, Princeton, and many another college; from clubs like the Somerset, of Boston, and Knickerbocker, of New York; and from among the men who belonged neither to club nor to college, but in whose veins the blood stirred with the same impulse which once sent the Vikings over sea. Four of the policemen who had served under me, while I was President of the New York Police Board, insisted on coming—two of them to die, the other two to return unhurt after honorable and dangerous service. It seemed to me that almost every friend I had in every State had some one acquaintance who was bound to go with the Rough Riders, and for whom I had to make a place. Thomas Nelson Page, General Fitzhugh Lee, Congressman Odell of New York, Senator Morgan; for each of these, and for many others, I eventually


text: Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Seton, Elizabeth Ann


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/20

14 consented to accept some one or two recruits, of course only after a most rigid examination into their physical capacity, and after they had shown that they knew how to ride and shoot. I may add that in no case was I disappointed in the men thus taken.

Harvard being my own college, I had such a swarm of applicants from it that I could not take one in ten. What particularly pleased me, not only in the Harvard but the Yale and Princeton men, and, indeed, in these recruits from the older States generally, was that they did not ask for commissions. With hardly an exception they entered upon their duties as troopers in the spirit which they held to the end, merely endeavoring to show that no work could be too hard, too disagreeable, or too dangerous for them to perform, and neither asking nor receiving any reward in the way of promotion or consideration. The Harvard contingent was practically raised by Guy Murchie, of Maine. He saw all the fighting and did his duty with the utmost gallantry, and then left the service as he had entered it, a trooper, entirely satisfied to have done his duty—and no man did it better. So it was with Dudley Dean, perhaps the best quarterback who ever played on a Harvard Eleven; and so with Bob Wrenn, a quarterback whose feats rivalled those of Dean's, and who, in addition, was the champion tennis player of America, and had, on two different years, saved


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/21

Rh this championship from going to an Englishman. So it was with Yale men like Waller, the high jumper, and Garrison and Girard; and with Princeton men like Devereux and Channing, the football players; with Lamed, the tennis player; with Craig Wadsworth, the steeple-chase rider; with Joe Stevens, the crack polo player; with Hamilton Fish, the ex-captain of the Columbia crew, and with scores of others whose names are quite as worthy of mention as any of those I have given. Indeed, they all sought entry into the ranks of the Rough Riders as eagerly as if it meant something widely different from hard work, rough fare, and the possibility of death; and the reason why they turned out to be such good soldiers lay largely in the fact that they were men who had thoroughly counted the cost before entering, and who went into the regiment because they believed that this offered their best chance for seeing hard and dangerous service. Mason Mitchell, of New York, who had been a chief of scouts in the Riel Rebellion, traveled all the way to San Antonio to enlist; and others came there from distances as great.

Some of them made appeals to me which I could not possibly resist. Woodbury Kane had been a close friend of mine at Harvard. During the eighteen years that had passed since my graduation I had seen very little of him, though, being always


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/22

16 interested in sport, I occasionally met him on the hunting field, had seen him on the deck of the Defender when she vanquished the Valkyrie, and knew the part he had played on the Navajoe, when, in her most important race, that otherwise unlucky yacht vanquished her opponent, the Prince of Wales's Britannia. When the war was on, Kane felt it his duty to fight for his country. He did not seek any position of distinction. All he desired was the chance to do whatever work he was put to do well, and to get to the front; and he enlisted as a trooper. When I went down to the camp at San Antonio he was on kitchen duty, and was cooking and washing dishes for one of the New Mexican troops; and he was doing it so well that I had no further doubt as to how he would get on.

My friend of many hunts and ranch partner, Robert Mumro Ferguson, of Scotland, who had been on Lord Aberdeen's staff as a Lieutenant but a year before, likewise could not keep out of the regiment. He, too, appealed to me in terms which I could not withstand, and came in like Kane to do his full duty as a trooper, and like Kane to win his commission by the way he thus did his duty.

I felt many qualms at first in allowing men of this stamp to come in, for I could not be certain that they had counted the cost, and was afraid they would find it very hard to serve—not for a few days, but


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/23

Rh for months—in the ranks, while I, their former intimate associate, was a field-officer; but they insisted that they knew their minds, and the events showed that they did. We enlisted about fifty of them from Virginia, Maryland, and the Northeastern States, at Washington. Before allowing them to be sworn in, I gathered them together and explained that if they went in they must be prepared not merely to fight, but to perform the weary, monotonous labor incident to the ordinary routine of a soldier's life; that they must be ready to face fever exactly as they were to face bullets; that they were to obey unquestioningly, and to do their duty as readily if called upon to garrison a fort as if sent to the front. I warned them that work that was merely irksome and disagreeable must be faced as readily as work that was dangerous, and that no complaint of any kind must be made; and I told them that they were entirely at liberty not to go, but that after they had once signed there could then be no backing out.

Not a man of them backed out; not one of them failed to do his whole duty.

These men formed but a small fraction of the whole. They went down to San Antonio, where the regiment was to gather and where Wood preceded me, while I spent a week in Washington hurrying up the different bureaus and telegraphing my various railroad friends, so as to ensure our getting


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/24

18 the carbines, saddles, and uniforms that we needed from the various armories and storehouses. Then I went down to San Antonio myself, where I found the men from New Mexico, Arizona, and Oklahoma already gathered, while those from Indian Territory came in soon after my arrival.

These were the men who made up the bulk of the regiment, and gave it its peculiar character. They came from the Four Territories which yet remained within the boundaries of the United States; that is, from the lands that have been most recently won over to white civilization, and in which the conditions of life are nearest those that obtained on the frontier when there still was a frontier. They were a splendid set of men, these Southwesterners—tall and sinewy, with resolute, weather-beaten faces, and eyes that looked a man straight in the face without flinching. They included in their ranks men of every occupation; but the three types were those of the cowboy, the hunter, and the mining prospector—the man who wandered hither and thither, killing game for a living, and spending his life in the quest for metal wealth.

In all the world there could be no better material for soldiers than that afforded by these grim hunters of the mountains, these wild rough riders of the plains. They were accustomed to handling wild and savage horses; they were accustomed to following the chase


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/25

Rh with the rifle, both for sport and as a means of livelihood. Varied though their occupations had been, almost all had, at one time or another, herded cattle and hunted big game. They were hardened to life in the open, and to shifting for themselves under adverse circumstances. They were used, for all their lawless freedom, to the rough discipline of the round-up and the mining company. Some of them came from the small frontier towns; but most were from the wilderness, having left their lonely hunters' cabins and shifting cow-camps to seek new and more stirring adventures beyond the sea.

They had their natural leaders—the men who had shown they could master other men, and could more than hold their own in the eager driving life of the new settlements.

The Captains and Lieutenants were sometimes men who had campaigned in the regular army against Apache, Ute, and Cheyenne, and who, on completing their term of service, had shown their energy by settling in the new communities and growing up to be men of mark. In other cases they were sheriffs, marshals, deputy-sheriffs, and deputy-marshals—men who had fought Indians, and still more often had waged relentless war upon the bands of white desperadoes. There was Bucky O'Neill, of Arizona, Captain of Troop A, the Mayor of Prescott, a famous sheriff throughout the West for his


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/26

20 feats of victorious warfare against the Apache, no less than against the white road-agents and mankillers. His father had fought in Meagher's Brigade in the Civil War; and he was himself a born soldier, a born leader of men. He was a wild, reckless fellow, soft spoken, and of dauntless courage and boundless ambition; he was stanchly loyal to his friends, and cared for his men in every Way. There was Captain Llewellen, of New Mexico, a good citizen, a political leader, and one of the most noted peace-officers of the country; he had been shot four times in pitched fights with red marauders and white outlaws. There was Lieutenant Ballard, who had broken up the Black Jack gang of ill-omened notoriety, and his Captain, Curry, another New Mexican sheriff of fame. The officers from the Indian Territory had almost all served as marshals and deputy-marshals; and in the Indian Territory, service as a deputy-marshal meant capacity to fight stand-up battles with the gangs of outlaws. Three of our higher officers had been in the regular army. One was Major Alexander Brodie, from Arizona, afterward Lieutenant-Colonel, who had lived for twenty years in the Territory, and had become a thorough Westerner without sinking the West Pointer—a soldier by taste as well as training, whose men worshiped him and would follow him anywhere, as they would Bucky O'Neill or any


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/27

Rh other of their favorites. Brodie was running a big mining business; but when the Maine was blown up, he abandoned everything and telegraphed right and left to bid his friends get ready for the fight he saw impending.

Then there was Micah Jenkins, the Captain of Troop K, a gentle and courteous South Carolinian, on whom danger acted like wine. In action he was a perfect gamecock, and he won his majority for gallantry in battle.

Finally, there was Allyn Capron, who was, on the whole, the best soldier in the regiment. In fact, I think he was the ideal of what an American regular army officer should be. He was the fifth in descent from father to son who had served in the army of the United States, and in body and mind alike he was fitted to play his part to perfection. Tall and lithe, a remarkable boxer and walker, a first-class rider and shot, with yellow hair and piercing blue eyes, he looked what he was, the archetype of the fighting man. He had under him one of the two companies from the Indian Territory; and he so soon impressed himself upon the wild spirit of his followers, that he got them ahead in discipline faster than any other troop in the regiment, while at the same time taking care of their bodily wants. His ceaseless effort was so to train them, care for them, and inspire them as to bring their fighting efficiency to


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/28

22 the highest possible pitch. He required instant obedience, and tolerated not the slightest evasion of duty; but his mastery of his art was so thorough and his performance of his own duty so rigid that he won at once not merely their admiration, but that soldierly affection so readily given by the man in the ranks to the superior who cares for his men and leads them fearlessly in battle.

All—Easterners and Westerners, Northerners and Southerners, officers and men, cowboys and college graduates, wherever they came from, and whatever their social position—possessed in common the traits of hardihood and a thirst for adventure. They were to a man born adventurers, in the old sense of the word.

The men in the ranks were mostly young; yet some were past their first youth. These had taken part in the killing of the great buffalo herds, and had fought Indians when the tribes were still on the warpath. The younger ones, too, had led rough lives; and the lines in their faces told of many a hardship endured, and many a danger silently faced with grim, unconscious philosophy. Some were originally from the East, and had seen strange adventures in different kinds of life, from sailing round the Horn to mining in Alaska. Others had been born and bred in the West, and had never seen a larger town than Santa Fe or a bigger body of


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/29

Rh water than the Pecos in flood. Some of them went by their own name; some had changed their names; and yet others possessed but half a name, colored by some adjective, like Cherokee Bill, Happy Jack of Arizona, Smoky Moore, the bronco-buster, so named because cowboys often call vicious horses "smoky" horses, and Rattlesnake Pete, who had lived among the Moquis and taken part in the snake-dances. Some were professional gamblers, and, on the other hand, no less than four were or had been Baptist or Methodist clergymen—and proved first-class fighters, too, by the way. Some were men whose lives in the past had not been free from the taint of those fierce kinds of crime into which the lawless spirits who dwell on the borderland between civilization and savagery so readily drift. A far larger number had served at different times in those bodies of armed men with which the growing civilization of the border finally puts down its savagery.

There was one characteristic and distinctive contingent which could have appeared only in such a regiment as ours. From the Indian Territory there came a number of Indians—Cherokees, Chickasaws, Choctaws, and Creeks. Only a few were of pure blood. The others shaded off until they were absolutely indistinguishable from their white comrades; with whom, it may be mentioned, they all lived on terms of complete equality.


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/30

24 Not all of the Indians were from the Indian Territory. One of the gamest fighters and best soldiers in the regiment was Pollock, a full-blooded Pawnee. He had been educated, like most of the other Indians, at one of those admirable Indian schools which have added so much to the total of the small credit account with which the White race balances the very unpleasant debit account of its dealings with the Red. Pollock was a silent, solitary fellow—an excellent penman, much given to drawing pictures. When we got down to Santiago he developed into the regimental clerk. I never suspected him of having a sense of humor until one day, at the end of our stay in Cuba, as he was sitting in the Adjutant's tent working over the returns, there turned up a trooper of the First who had been acting as barber. Eying him with immovable face, Pollock asked, in a guttural voice, "Do you cut hair?" The man answered, "Yes"; and Pollock continued, "Then you'd better cut mine," muttering, in an explanatory soliloquy, "Don't want to wear my hair long like a wild Indian when I'm in civilized warfare." Another Indian came from Texas. He was a brakeman on the Southern Pacific, and wrote telling me he was an American Indian, and that he wanted to enlist. His name was Colbert, which at once attracted my attention; for I was familiar with


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/31

Rh the history of the Cherokees and Chickasaws during the eighteenth century, when they lived east of the Mississippi. Early in that century various traders, chiefly Scotchmen, settled among them, and the half-breed descendants of one named Colbert became the most noted chiefs of the Chickasaws. I summoned the applicant before me, and found that he was an excellent man, and, as I had supposed, a descendant of the old Chickasaw chiefs.

He brought into the regiment, by the way, his "partner," a white man. The two had been inseparable companions for some years, and continued so in the regiment. Every man who has lived in the West knows that, vindictive though the hatred between the white man and the Indian is when they stand against one another in what may be called their tribal relations, yet that men of Indian blood, when adopted into white communities, are usually treated precisely like any one else.

Colbert was not the only Indian whose name I recognized. There was a Cherokee named Adair, who, upon inquiry, I found to be descended from the man who, a century and a half ago, wrote a ponderous folio, to this day of great interest, about the Cherokees, with whom he had spent the best years of his life as a trader and agent. I don't know that I ever came across a man with a really sweeter nature than another Cherokee Rh


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/32

26 named Holderman. He was an excellent soldier, and for a long time acted as cook for the headquarters mess. He was a half-breed, and came of a soldier stock on both sides and through both races. He explained to me once why he had come to the war; that it was because his people always had fought when there was a war, and he could not feel happy to stay at home when the flag was going into battle.

Two of the young Cherokee recruits came to me with a most kindly letter from one of the ladies who had been teaching in the academy from which they were about to graduate. She and I had known one another in connection with Governmental and philanthropic work on the reservations, and she wrote to commend the two boys to my attention. One was on the Academy football team and the other in the glee-club. Both were fine young fellows. The football player now lies buried with the other dead who fell in the fight at San Juan. The singer was brought to death's door by fever, but recovered and came back to his home.

There were other Indians of much wilder type, but their wildness was precisely like that of the cow-boys with whom they were associated. One or two of them needed rough discipline; and they got it, too. Like the rest of the regiment, they were splendid riders. I remember one man, whose character


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/33

Rh left much to be desired in some respects, but whose horsemanship was unexceptionable. He was mounted on an exceedingly bad bronco, which would bolt out of the ranks at drill. He broke it of this habit by the simple expedient of giving it two tremendous twists, first to one side and then to the other, as it bolted, with the result that, invariably, at the second bound its legs crossed and over it went with a smash, the rider taking the somersault with unmoved equanimity.

The life histories of some of the men who joined our regiment would make many volumes of thrilling adventure.

We drew a great many recruits from Texas; and from nowhere did we get a higher average, for many of them had served in that famous body of frontier fighters, the Texas Rangers. Of course, these rangers needed no teaching. They were already trained to obey and to take responsibility. They were splendid shots, horsemen, and trailers. They were accustomed to living in the open, to enduring great fatigue and hardship, and to encountering all kinds of danger.

Many of the Arizona and New Mexico men had taken part in warfare with the Apaches, those terrible Indians of the waterless Southwestern mountains—the most bloodthirsty and the wildest of all the red men of America, and the most formidable


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/34

28 in their own dreadful style of warfare. Of course, a man who had kept his nerve and held his own, year after year, while living where each day and night contained the threat of hidden death from a foe whose goings and comings were unseen, was not apt to lose courage when confronted with any other enemy. An experience in following in the trail of an enemy who might flee at one stretch through fifty miles of death-like desert was a good school out of which to come with profound indifference for the ordinary hardships of campaigning.

As a rule, the men were more apt, however, to have had experience in warring against white desperadoes and law-breakers than against Indians. Some of our best recruits came from Colorado. One, a very large, hawk-eyed man, Benjamin Franklin Daniels, had been Marshal of Dodge City when that pleasing town was probably the toughest abode of civilized man to be found anywhere on the continent. In the course of the exercise of his rather lurid functions as peace-officer he had lost half of one ear—"bitten off," it was explained to me. Naturally, he viewed the dangers of battle with philosophic calm. Such a man was, in reality, a veteran even in his first fight, and was a tower of strength to the recruits in his part of the line. With him there came into the regiment a deputy-marshal


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/35

Rh from Cripple Creek named Sherman Bell. Bell had a hernia, but he was so excellent a man that we decided to take him. I do not think I ever saw greater resolution than Bell displayed throughout the campaign. In Cuba the great exertions which he was forced to make again and again opened the hernia, and the surgeons insisted that he must return to the United States; but he simply would not go.

Then there was little McGinty, the bronco-buster from Oklahoma, who never had walked a hundred yards if by any possibility he could ride. When McGinty was reproved for his absolute inability to keep step on the drill-ground, he responded that he was pretty sure he could keep step on horseback. McGinty's short legs caused him much trouble on the marches, but we had no braver or better man in the fights.

One old friend of mine had come from far northern Idaho to join the regiment at San Antonio. He was a hunter, named Fred Herrig, an Alsatian by birth. A dozen years before he and I had hunted mountain-sheep and deer when laying in the winter stock of meat for my ranch on the Little Missouri, sometimes in the bright fall weather, sometimes in the Arctic bitterness of the early Northern winter. He was the most loyal and simple-hearted of men, and he had come to join his old "boss" and comrade


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/36

30 in the bigger hunting which we were to carry on through the tropic mid-summer.

The temptation is great to go on enumerating man after man who stood pre-eminent, whether as a killer of game, a tamer of horses, or a queller of disorder among his people, or who, mayhap, stood out with a more evil prominence as himself a dangerous man—one given to the taking of life on small provocation, or one who was ready to earn his living outside the law if the occasion demanded it. There was tall Proffit, the sharpshooter, from North Carolina—sinewy, saturnine, fearless; Smith, the bear-hunter from Wyoming, and McCann, the Arizona bookkeeper, who had begun life as a buffalo-hunter. There was Crockett, the Georgian, who had been an Internal Revenue officer, and had waged perilous war on the rifle-bearing "moonshiners." There were Darnell and Wood of New Mexico, who could literally ride any horses alive. There were Goodwin, and Buck Taylor, and Armstrong the ranger, crack shots with rifle or revolver. There was many a skilled packer who had led and guarded his trains of laden mules through the Indian-haunted country surrounding some outpost of civilization. There were men who had won fame as Rocky Mountain stage-drivers, or who had spent endless days in guiding the slow wagon-trains across the grassy plains. There were miners who knew every camp


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/37

Rh from the Yukon to Leadville, and cow-punchers in whose memories were stored the brands carried by the herds from Chihuahua to Assiniboia. There were men who had roped wild steers in the mesquite brush of the Nueces, and who, year in and year out, had driven the trail herds northward over desolate wastes and across the fords of shrunken rivers to the fattening grounds of the Powder and the Yellowstone. They were hardened to the scorching heat and bitter cold of the dry plains and pine-clad mountains. They were accustomed to sleep in the open, while the picketed horses grazed beside them near some shallow, reedy pool. They had wandered hither and thither across the vast desolation of the wilderness, alone or with comrades. They had cowered in the shelter of cut banks from the icy blasts of the norther, and far out on the mid-summer prairies they had known the luxury of lying in the shade of the wagon during the noonday rest. They had lived in brush lean-tos for weeks at a time, or with only the wagon-sheet as an occasional house. They had fared hard when exploring the unknown; they had fared well on the round-up; and they had known the plenty of the log ranch-houses, where the tables were spread with smoked venison and calf-ribs and milk and bread, and vegetables from the garden-patch. Such were the men we had as recruits: soldiers


text:
Author:John Edward Power Wallis

Works

 * Report of State Trials
 * Early Colonial Constitutions

Works about Wallis

 * The Indian Biographical Dictionary (1915)/Wallis, Sir John Edward Power

title: Author:John Edward Power Wallis


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/38

32 ready made, as far as concerned their capacity as individual fighters. What was necessary was to teach them to act together, and to obey orders. Our special task was to make them ready for action in the shortest possible time. We were bound to see fighting, and therefore to be with the first expedition that left the United States; for we could not tell how long the war would last.

I had been quite prepared for trouble when it came to enforcing discipline, but I was agreeably disappointed. There were plenty of hard characters who might by themselves have given trouble, and with one or two of whom we did have to take rough measures; but the bulk of the men thoroughly understood that without discipline they would be merely a valueless mob, and they set themselves hard at work to learn the new duties. Of course, such a regiment, in spite of, or indeed I might almost say because of, the characteristics which made the individual men so exceptionally formidable as soldiers, could very readily have been spoiled. Any weakness in the commander would have ruined it. On the other hand, to treat it from the standpoint of the martinet and military pedant would have been almost equally fatal. From the beginning we started out to secure the essentials of discipline, while laying just as little stress as possible on the non-essentials. The men were singularly quick to respond


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/39

Rh to any appeal to their intelligence and patriotism. The faults they committed were those of ignorance merely. When Holderman, in announcing dinner to the Colonel and the three Majors, genially remarked, "If you fellars don't come soon, everything'll get cold," he had no thought of other than a kindly and respectful regard for their welfare, and was glad to modify his form of address on being told that it was not what could be described as conventionally military. When one of our sentinels, who had with much labor learned the manual of arms, saluted with great pride as I passed, and added, with a friendly nod, "Good-evening, Colonel," this variation in the accepted formula on such occasions was meant, and was accepted, as mere friendly interest. In both cases the needed instruction was given and received in the same kindly spirit.

One of the new Indian Territory recruits, after twenty-four hours' stay in camp, during which he had held himself distinctly aloof from the general interests, called on the Colonel in his tent, and remarked, "Well, Colonel, I want to shake hands and say we're with you. We didn't know how we would like you fellars at first; but you're all right, and you know your business, and you mean business, and you can count on us every time!"

That same night, which was hot, mosquitoes were


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/40

34 very annoying; and shortly after midnight both the Colonel and I came to the doors of our respective tents, which adjoined one another. The sentinel in front was also fighting mosquitoes. As we came out we saw him pitch his gun about ten feet off, and sit down to attack some of the pests that had swarmed up his trousers' legs. Happening to glance in our direction, he nodded pleasantly and, with unabashed and friendly feeling, remarked, "Ain't they bad?"

It was astonishing how soon the men got over these little peculiarities. They speedily grew to recognize the fact that the observance of certain forms was essential to the maintenance of proper discipline. They became scrupulously careful in touching their hats, and always came to attention when spoken to. They saw that we did not insist upon the observance of these forms to humiliate them; that we were as anxious to learn our own duties as we were to have them learn theirs, and as scrupulous in paying respect to our superiors as we were in exacting the acknowledgment due our rank from those below us; moreover, what was very important, they saw that we were careful to look after their interests in every way, and were doing all that was possible to hurry up the equipment and drill of the regiment, so as to get into the war.

Rigid guard duty was established at once, and


text:
Page:Seventeen lectures on the study of medieval and modern history and kindred subjects.djvu/39

 was not to be deplored, as in the interests of truth it was desirable that the clerical view should have its own exponent.

The incident suggested to me that I should once more look at the inaugural lecture, and see for myself how the hopes and anticipations of 1866 looked in 1876. I found myself reading over the record of feelings and impressions of ten years ago with as much freshness as if they had been another man's; and the happy thought struck me of turning my reflexions to account in the form of public lectures. It would relieve me of the puzzling anxiety over which six weeks of spring are wasted every year—what shall I take as the subject of the two solemn statutable lectures imposed upon the unhappy professor, who, without this annual mortification, might be in danger of thinking more highly of himself than he ought to think? It might also seem that, after ten years' occupation of this chair, I might have occasion to review the progress of the study in which I have had so great an interest; and it might also perhaps help me to gauge the amount of interest which the study itself is receiving in Oxford; for a notice that I have something to say about myself, and about those whom I might fairly expect to be present to hear me, would perhaps attract a larger audience than a much more elaborate vindication of S. Dunstan, or an inquiry into the merits of the customs duties as a part of the budget of King Edward I. It is true, I thought, I shall have to say some things about myself; I shall have to blush for my confessions of failure and for my assertions of success; I may, if I am fortunate in my company, have to make some of them blush too. But what is that among friends? and here I know none but friends. There may be some who have a vested interest in stupidity and false criticism, but I am thankful to say that I do not know even their names; and all who take a real and genuine interest in my studies, whether I know them or not, I am proud to look upon as friends with whom I need practise no reticence or concealment. So with your good leave I will dismiss myself first.

The thought that ten of the best years of a man's life have been given to work like this is a very serious one. What


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/41

Rh every one was impressed with the necessity for vigilance and watchfulness. The policing of the camp was likewise attended to with the utmost rigor. As always with new troops, they were at first indifferent to the necessity for cleanliness in camp arrangements; but on this point Colonel Wood brooked no laxity, and in a very little while the hygienic conditions of the camp were as good as those of any regular regiment. Meanwhile the men were being drilled, on foot at first, with the utmost assiduity. Every night we had officers' school, the non-commissioned officers of each troop being given similar schooling by the Captain or one of the Lieutenants of the troop; and every day we practiced hard, by squad, by troop, by squadron, and battalion. The earnestness and intelligence with which the men went to work rendered the task of instruction much less difficult than would be supposed. It soon grew easy to handle the regiment in all the simpler forms of close and open order. When they had grown so that they could be handled with ease in marching, and in the ordinary manœuvres of the drill-ground, we began to train them in open-order work, skirmishing and firing. Here their woodcraft and plainscraft, their knowledge of the rifle, helped us very much. Skirmishing they took to naturally, which was fortunate, as practically all our fighting was done in open order.


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/42

36 Meanwhile we were purchasing horses. Judging from what I saw I do not think that we got heavy enough animals, and of those purchased certainly a half were nearly unbroken. It was no easy matter to handle them on the picket-lines, and to provide for feeding and watering; and the efforts to shoe and ride them were at first productive of much vigorous excitement. Of course, those that were wild from the range had to be thrown and tied down before they could be shod. Half the horses of the regiment bucked, or possessed some other of the amiable weaknesses incident to horse life on the great ranches; but we had abundance of men who were utterly unmoved by any antic a horse might commit. Every animal was speedily mastered, though a large number remained to the end mounts upon which an ordinary rider would have felt very uncomfortable. My own horses were purchased for me by a Texas friend, John Moore, with whom I had once hunted peccaries on the Nueces. I only paid fifty dollars apiece, and the animals were not showy; but they were tough and hardy, and answered my purpose well.

Mounted drill with such horses and men bade fair to offer opportunities for excitement; yet it usually went off smoothly enough. Before drilling the men on horseback they had all been drilled on


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/43

Rh foot, and having gone at their work with hearty zest, they knew well the simple movements to form any kind of line or column. Wood was busy from morning till night in hurrying the final details of the equipment, and he turned the drill of the men over to me. To drill perfectly needs long practice, but to drill roughly is a thing very easy to learn indeed. We were not always right about our intervals, our lines were somewhat irregular, and our more difficult movements were executed at times in rather a haphazard way; but the essential commands and the essential movements we learned without any difficulty, and the men performed them with great dash. When we put them on horseback, there was, of course, trouble with the horses; but the horsemanship of the riders was consummate. In fact, the men were immensely interested in making their horses perform each evolution with the utmost speed and accuracy, and in forcing each unquiet, vicious brute to get into line and stay in line, whether he would or not. The guidon-bearers held their plunging steeds true to the line, no matter what they tried to do; and each wild rider brought his wild horse into his proper place with a dash and ease which showed the natural cavalryman.

In short, from the very beginning the horseback drills were good fun, and every one enjoyed them. We marched out through the adjoining country to


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/44

38 drill wherever we found open ground, practicing all the different column formations as we went. On the open ground we threw out the line to one side or the other, and in one position and the other, sometimes at the trot, sometimes at the gallop. As the men grew accustomed to the simple evolutions, we tried them more and more in skirmish drills, practicing them so that they might get accustomed to advance in open order and to skirmish in any country, while the horses were held in the rear. Our arms were the regular cavalry carbine, the "Krag," a splendid weapon, and the revolver. A few carried their favorite Winchesters, using, of course, the new model, which took the Government cartridge. We felt very strongly that it would be worse than a waste of time to try to train our men to use the sabre—a weapon utterly alien to them; but with the rifle and revolver they were already familiar. Many of my cavalry friends in the past had insisted to me that the revolver was a better weapon than the sword—among them Basil Duke, the noted Confederate cavalry leader, and Captain Frank Edwards, whom I had met when elk-hunting on the headwaters of the Yellowstone and the Snake. Personally, I knew too little to decide as to the comparative merits of the two arms; but I did know that it was a great deal better to use the arm with which our men were already proficient.


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/45

Rh They were therefore armed with what might be called their natural weapon, the revolver. As it turned out, we were not used mounted at all, so that our preparations on this point came to nothing. In a way, I have always regretted this. We thought we should at least be employed as cavalry in the great campaign against Havana in the fall; and from the beginning I began to train my men in shock tactics for use against hostile cavalry. My belief was that the horse was really the weapon with which to strike the first blow. I felt that if my men could be trained to hit their adversaries with their horses, it was a matter of small amount whether, at the moment when the onset occurred, sabres, lances, or revolvers were used; while in the subsequent mêlée I believed the revolver would outclass cold steel as a weapon. But this is all guesswork, for we never had occasion to try the experiment.

It was astonishing what a difference was made by two or three weeks' training. The mere thorough performance of guard and police duties helped the men very rapidly to become soldiers. The officers studied hard, and both officers and men worked hard in the drill-field. It was, of course, rough and ready drill; but it was very efficient, and it was suited to the men who made up the regiment. Their uniform also suited them. In their slouch hats, blue


text:
Page:Discovery and Decipherment of the Trilingual Cuneiform Inscriptions.djvu/16

 {|

 * INTRODUCTION
 * Achaemenian Inscriptions, written in three styles of Cuneiform character, and in three different languages . .  .  ..
 * ix
 * The Decipherment of the Persian Text afforded the clue to the others . .  .  ..
 * Achaemenian Inscriptions, written in three styles of Cuneiform character, and in three different languages . .  .  ..
 * ix
 * The Decipherment of the Persian Text afforded the clue to the others . .  .  ..
 * Achaemenian Inscriptions, written in three styles of Cuneiform character, and in three different languages . .  .  ..
 * ix
 * The Decipherment of the Persian Text afforded the clue to the others . .  .  ..
 * The Decipherment of the Persian Text afforded the clue to the others . .  .  ..

 * xi
 * Discovery of Sumerian, the ancient language of Babylonia ..
 * xiii
 * The Historical Results . . . . . . . ..
 * xv
 * The Historical Results . . . . . . . ..
 * xv

 * CHAPTER I

 * The Discovery of Achaemenian Ruins and Inscriptions: Barbaro to Le Bruyn: A.D. 1472-1718 . . . . . ..
 * 1
 * Barbaro visits Chehel Minar and the Tomb of the Mother of Solomon: A.D. 1472
 * 9
 * The Portuguese Mission — Gouvea first mentions the Inscriptions: A.D. 1602
 * 11
 * Don Garcia de Silva Figueroa identifies Chehel Minar with Persepolis: A.D. 1618
 * 17
 * The 'Viaggi' of Pietro della Valle: A.D. 1621
 * 24
 * Sir Thomas Herbert, 'Relation of Some Years Travaile': A.D. 1627—The first view of Persepolis
 * 33
 * Mandelslo's View of the Tomb of the Mother of Solomon: A.D. 1638
 * 40
 * The French Travellers Daulier Deslandes, Thévenot, and Tavernier: A.D. 1665
 * 48
 * Dr. Hyde's opinion: A.D. 1700 ..
 * 59
 * Chardin's Travels—The Drawings of Grélot: A.D. 1711 . ..
 * 61
 * Kaempfer first describes the writing as 'Cuneiform': A.D. 1712.
 * 69
 * He and Le Bruyn make the first copies of Inscriptions: A.D. 1718.
 * 71
 * }
 * Dr. Hyde's opinion: A.D. 1700 ..
 * 59
 * Chardin's Travels—The Drawings of Grélot: A.D. 1711 . ..
 * 61
 * Kaempfer first describes the writing as 'Cuneiform': A.D. 1712.
 * 69
 * He and Le Bruyn make the first copies of Inscriptions: A.D. 1718.
 * 71
 * }
 * He and Le Bruyn make the first copies of Inscriptions: A.D. 1718.
 * 71
 * }
 * }
 * }


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/46

40 flannel shirts, brown trousers, leggings, and boots, with handkerchiefs knotted loosely around their necks, they looked exactly as a body of cowboy cavalry should look. The officers speedily grew to realize that they must not be over-familiar with their men, and yet that they must care for them in every way. The men, in return, began to acquire those habits of attention to soldierly detail which mean so much in making a regiment. Above all, every man felt, and had constantly instilled into him, a keen pride of the regiment, and a resolute purpose to do his whole duty uncomplainingly, and, above all, to win glory by the way he handled himself in battle.


text:
Author:John Walter Gregory

Works

 * The Great Rift Valley, Being the Narrative of a Journey to Mount Kenya and Lake Baringo
 * The Dead Heart of Australia
 * The Menace of Colour (1925)
 * (Physical Geography)
 * (Geology)
 * (Geology)
 * (Geology)
 * (Geology)
 * (Geology)
 * (Geology)
 * (Geology)

title: Author:John Walter Gregory


text:
User:Polyglottalstop

I'd like to make more of Frank R. Stockton's work available. Polyglottalstop (talk) 00:56, 10 June 2012 (UTC)

I also need to go back and finish the index for The Rough Riders and fully transclude the results. The formatting in the Muster-Out Roll chapter is a mess, so I'd appreciate any ideas or help on how to deal with that. Polyglottalstop (talk) 06:47, 27 March 2012 (UTC)

I just created an author page for Stanton Davis Kirkham. It could use some fleshing out, especially if anyone can find a photo in the public domain. I've downloaded the relevant djvus from the Internet Archive, and I will upload them to Commons in the coming days. Polyglottalstop (talk) 06:42, 27 March 2012 (UTC)

I'm also planning on expanding the list of works for James Allen. Polyglottalstop (talk) 06:42, 27 March 2012 (UTC)

I'm currently working on the index for The Rough Riders by Theodore Roosevelt. I'm proofreading currently, and any help with validating what I've already formatted and proofread would be great.

I also recently went through and proofread A Handbook of Anarchy. It shouldn't need much, if any, work, but it does need validated.

title: User:Polyglottalstop


text: User:StateOfAvon/Are Marriage and the Family in Danger?


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/4

 By CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS

This edition is published under arrangement with Charles Scribner's Sons, of New York


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/5

 ON BEHALF OF THE ROUGH RIDERS

I DEDICATE THIS BOOK

TO THE OFFICERS AND MEN OF THE

FIVE REGULAR REGIMENTS

WHICH TOGETHER WITH MINE MADE UP THE

CAVALRY DIVISION AT SANTIAGO

THEODORE ROOSEVELT


text:
Page:Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders.djvu/7

 Rh


text:
Page:Cihm 05634.djvu/9

It may safely be asserted that few Biblical subjects have called forth such warm and lengthy discussions as the question relating to the legality of contracting marriage with a deceased wife's sister. It has been discussed by learned and astute commentators of all nationalities: it has formed the subject of debate in legislative halls, and yet apparently there exists as much doubt and diversity of opinion on this vexed question, as if the subject had never been alluded to. In England, especially, the question has for some years past attracted a great deal of attention, and has, year after year, been warmly debated in the halls of the Imperial Parliament, but so far with no further result than the repeated passing of a bill by the House of Commons legalizing such marriages, only to be as often rejected by the House of Lords.

The existence of so great a diversity of opinions seems clearly to indicate that the subject must be surrounded with very great difficulties, and seeing that already so much has been said and written upon this question, it would be presumption in me to hope of being able either to advance any arguments which may not already have been advanced, or to be able to change by any reasoning already deeply-rooted

title: Page:Cihm 05634.djvu/9


text:
Page:Cihm 05634.djvu/10

4 opinions. Yet, whilst I may fail in these respects, I am still not altogether without hope of being at least able of laying the subject before the reader in such a clear and concise manner as will enable him after carefully reading the arguments that can be adduced on both sides, to form more readily and intelligibly an opinion of his own.

I may state here, that I approach the subject altogether with an unbiassed mind. I know of no relation, remote or near, who has married or is likely to marry a wife's sister; and, therefore, no consideration of this kind could likely induce me to lean more favourably to one side than the other in the discussion of the subject.

If we appeal to the earlier history of the Jews, we find at least one instance recorded of such a marriage having taken place. The patriarch Jacob not only married two sisters, but had them simultaneously as wives. It is true, that Jacob did not at first contemplate this double marriage, but only after having been deceived by Laban, who fraudulently substituted the elder sister Leah for the younger sister, that he agreed to serve another seven years in order to obtain Rachel, whom he loved. Still, we cannot for a moment suppose that, however deeply Jacob might have felt the fraud practised upon him, he would ever have consented to marry the sister also, had such an alliance been deemed sinful in his eyes. Indeed, it is quite evident, from other recorded marriages, that before the Mosaic laws were promulgated, the laws of affinity and consanguinity were not strictly observed, if observed at all. According to Gen. xx. 12, Sarah, the wife of Abraham, was his half-sister. "And yet indeed," says the patriarch Abraham, "she is my sister; she is the daughter of my father, but not the daughter of my mother; and she became my wife." Josephus, in his Antiquities, b. i. ch. vi. par. 5, tells us

title: Page:Cihm 05634.djvu/10


text:
Page:Cihm 05634.djvu/11

Rh that Sarah was the daughter of Haran, Abraham's brother, and this opinion was likewise adopted by later Jewish writers, who urge that Sarah was adopted by Terah after her father's death, so that she was only his adopted daughter. But the language employed by Abraham himself, is too precise to admit of such a hypothesis. To this we may add, that Haran is distinctly spoken of. Gen. xi. 29, as "the father of Milcah, and the father of Iscah," but nowhere as the father of Sarah; and the supposition that Sarah is identical with Iscah, as some writers have supposed, is simply mere conjecture. Again, according to Exod. vi. 20, Amram, the father of Aaron and Moses, took Jochebed, his father's sister, to wife." It is, therefore, apparent that whatever natural disinclinations may have existed among the ancient Hebrews in contracting marriages with such near relatives, they were at least not looked upon as sinful, or the sacred writer in recording them, would certainly not have passed them over without uttering one word of censure against them.

As no matrimonial laws then existed, and as the Hebrews at that time were a nomadic people, wandering about from place to place with their flocks in search of pasture, and, therefore, were necessarily cut up in small communities, we can easily understand how marriages such as those above mentioned should have taken place, especially when we take into consideration the great disinclination that existed of contracting alliances with other tribes (See Gen. xxiv. 3, 4; xxvi. 34, 35; xxvii. 46). In course of time, however, when the Hebrew people assumed a nationality of a more marked character, though not yet possessed of a country of their own, the Almighty, not merely as their God, but also as their King and Ruler, gave his chosen people, by his servant Moses, both religious and civil laws, by which their duties to God, and their duties regulating their intercourse with their

title: Page:Cihm 05634.djvu/11


text:
Talk:Executive Order 13514

scans
Is it possible to have DJVUs of all executive orders? They seem kinda important...
 * Scans are linked in the Federal Register page & date in the header and/or in the above source box (the page number). -- George Orwell III (talk) 03:03, 2 June 2011 (UTC)

Possible to link to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_order ?
Was "Executive order (United States)" 99.35.14.165 04:36, 9 November 2011 (UTC)
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_order

title: Talk:Executive Order 13514


text: Page:The Grateful Dead.djvu/197

title: Page:The Grateful Dead.djvu/197


text:
Page:The Grateful Dead.djvu/198

 The Folk-Lore Society.

Objects of the Society.

This Society was established in 1878 for the purpose of collecting and preserving the fast-perishing relics of Folklore. Under this general term are included Folk-tales; Hero-tales; Traditional Ballads and Songs; Place Legends and Traditions; Goblindom; Witchcraft; Leechcraft; Superstitions connected with material things; Local Customs; Festival Customs; Ceremonial Customs; Games; Jingles; Nursery Rhymes; Riddles, &c.; Proverbs; Old Saws, rhymed and unrhymed; Nick-names, Place-rhymes and Sayings; Folk-Etymology.

Foreign countries have followed the example of Great Britain, and are steadily collecting and classifying their Folklore. It is most gratifying to this Society to observe that one great result of its work has been to draw attention to the subject in all parts of the world; and it is particularly noticeable that the word "Folklore" has been adopted as the name of the subject in foreign countries.

Scope of the Society.

Since the establishment of the Society great impetus has been given to the study and scientific treatment of those crude philosophies which Folklore embodies. Hence the place now accorded to it as a science, to be approached in the historic spirit and treated on scientific methods. The meaning for a long time given to the term Folklore has thus been greatly enlarged, and the definition which the Society has adopted will illustrate the importance of the new departure:—The science of Folklore is the comparison and identification of the survivals of archaic beliefs, customs, and traditions in modern ages.

Characteristics of Folklore.

It may be well to point out the essential characteristics of Folklore under the terms of this definition. It was found by observation that there exists, or has existed, among the least cultured of the inhabitants of all the countries of modern Europe, a vast body of curious beliefs, customs, and story narratives which are handed down by tradition from generation to generation, and the origin of which is unknown. They are not supported or recognised by the prevailing religion, nor by the established law, nor by the recorded history of the several countries. They are essentially the property of the unlearned and least advanced portion of the community.

Then it was noted that, wherever any body of individuals, entirely ignorant of the results of science and philosophy to which the advanced portion of the community have attained, habitually believe what their ancestors have taught them, and habitually practise the customs which previous generations have practised, a state of mind exists which is capable of generating fresh beliefs in explanation of newly observed phenomena, and is peculiarly open to receive any

title: Page:The Grateful Dead.djvu/198


text:
Public Law 112-14

 * Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

{{SECTION|SEC. 1.|SECTION 1}}. SHORT TITLE.

 * This Act may be cited as the “PATRIOT Sunsets Extension Act of 2011”.

{{SECTION|SEC. 2.|SECTION 2}}. SUNSET EXTENSIONS.

 * (a) .—
 * Section 102(b)(1) of the USA PATRIOT Improvement and Reauthorization Act of 2005 (Public Law 109-177; 50 U.S.C. 1805 note, 50 U.S.C. 1861 note, and 50 U.S.C. 1862 note) is amended by striking “May 27, 2011” and inserting “June 1, 2015”.

 * (b) .—
 * Section 6001(b)(1) of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 (Public Law 108-458; 50 U.S.C. 1801 note) is amended by striking “May 27, 2011” and inserting “June 1, 2015”.

Approved May 26, 2011.

Legislative History

 * CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 157 (2011):
 * May 19, Passed Senate with amendment.
 * May 24, Passed House.
 * May 24, Passed House.

title: Public Law 112-14


text:
Page:Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile - In the Years 1768, 1769, 1770, 1771, 1772, and 1773 volume 2.djvu/136

120  his reign in 1478, and reigning 17 years, did not die till the year 1495, and therefore must have seen Peter Covillan, and conversed with him, if he had arrived in Abyssinia so early as the 1490.

FTER the unfortunate death of the young king Alexander, the people in general, wearied of minorities, unanimously chose Naod for their king. He was Alexander's younger brother, the difference of ages being but one year, though he was not by the same mother, but by the the king's second wife Calliope. He was born at a town called Gabargué, the day the royal army was cut off in his father's time, when both the Betwudets perished. From this circumstance, the Empress Helena and her party had used some underhand means to set him aside as unfortunate, and in his place to put Anquo Israel, Bæda Mariam's youngest son, that they might govern him and the kingdom during his non-age. But Taka Christos, their man of confidence, being, on his first declaration of such intentions, cut off by the army in Dawaro, Naod was


text:
Public Law 112-10/Division B/Title VI

{{center|

}}

 * Within 24 days after the date of enactment of this division, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall submit to the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives an expenditure plan for fiscal year 2011 that displays the level of funding by program, project, and activity consistent with the table of detailed funding recommendations contained at the end of the joint explanatory statement accompanying the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2010 (Public Law 111-83) and the classified annex accompanying this division: Provided, That all plans for expenditure required in Public Law 111-83 shall be updated for fiscal year 2011 budget authority and submitted to the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and House of Representatives within 45 days after the date of enactment of this division, notwithstanding the specified withholding of funds and associated approval requirements.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Office of the Secretary and Executive Management” shall be $136,818,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Office of the Under Secretary for Management” shall be $239,933,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, for an additional amount under the heading “Department of Homeland Security, Office of the Under Secretary for Management”, $77,400,000, to plan, acquire, construct, renovate, remediate, equip, furnish, and occupy buildings and facilities for the consolidation of the Department of Homeland Security headquarters.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Office of the Chief Financial Officer” shall be $53,430,000, of which $4,000,000 shall remain available until September 30, 2014, for financial systems consolidation efforts.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Office of the Chief Information Officer” shall be $333,393,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Office of the Federal Coordinator for Gulf Coast Rebuilding” shall be $0.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Salaries and Expenses” shall be $8,212,626,000: Provided, That for fiscal year 2011, the Border Patrol shall achieve an active duty presence of not less than 21,370 agents protecting the border of the United States by September 30, 2011.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Automation Modernization” shall be $336,575,000, of which $148,090,000 shall be for the Automated Commercial Environment.

 * (a) Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Border Security Fencing, Infrastructure, and Technology” shall be $574,173,000.

 * (b) Paragraph (11) of the first proviso and the third and fourth provisos under the heading “Border Security Fencing, Infrastructure, and Technology” of Public Law 111-83 shall not apply to funds appropriated by this division.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Air and Marine Interdiction, Operations, Maintenance, and Procurement” shall be $516,326,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Construction and Facilities Management” shall be $260,000,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Salaries and Expenses” shall be $5,437,643,000: Provided, That U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement shall maintain a level of not fewer than 33,400 detention beds throughout fiscal year 2011.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Automation Modernization” shall be $74,000,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Construction” shall be $0.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Transportation Security Administration, Aviation Security” shall be $5,219,546,000: Provided, That the amounts included under such heading in Public Law 111-83 shall be applied to funds appropriated by this division as follows: by substituting “$5,219,546,000” for “$5,214,040,000”; by substituting “$4,307,793,000” for “$4,358,076,000”; by substituting “$629,297,000” for “$1,116,406,000”; by substituting “$911,753,000” for “$855,964,000”; by substituting “$291,191,000” for “$778,300,000”; by substituting “9 percent” for “28 percent”; and by substituting “$3,119,546,000” for “$3,114,040,000”: Provided further, That none of the funds in this division may be used for any recruiting or hiring of personnel into the Transportation Security Administration that would cause the agency to exceed a staffing level of 46,000 full-time equivalent screeners: Provided further, That the preceding proviso shall not apply to personnel hired as part-time employees: Provided further, That not later than August 15, 2011, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall submit to the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and House of Representatives a detailed report on: (1) the Department’s efforts and the resources being devoted to develop more advanced integrated passenger screening technologies for the most effective security of passengers and baggage at the lowest possible operating and acquisition costs; (2) how the Transportation Security Administration is deploying its existing screener workforce in the most cost effective manner; and (3) labor savings from the deployment of improved technologies for passengers and baggage screening and how those savings are being used to offset security costs or reinvested to address security vulnerabilities.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Transportation Security Administration, Surface Transportation Security” shall be $105,961,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Transportation Security Administration, Transportation Threat Assessment and Credentialing” shall be $162,999,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Transportation Security Administration, Transportation Security Support” shall be $988,638,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Transportation Security Administration, Federal Air Marshals” shall be $929,802,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Coast Guard, Operating Expenses” shall be $6,907,338,000, of which $254,000,000 is designated as being for contingency operations directly related to the global war on terrorism pursuant to section 3(c)(2) of (112th Congress) and as an emergency requirement pursuant to section 403(a) of  (111th Congress), the concurrent resolution on the budget for fiscal year 2010: Provided, That the Coast Guard may decommission one Medium Endurance Cutter, two High Endurance Cutters, four HU-25 aircraft, and one Maritime Safety and Security Team, and may make necessary staffing adjustments at the Coast Guard Investigative Service and other support units, as specified in the budget justification materials for fiscal year 2011 as submitted to the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and House of Representatives.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Coast Guard, Acquisition, Construction, and Improvements” shall be $1,519,783,000, of which $42,000,000 shall be for vessels, small boats, critical infrastructure, and related equipment; of which $36,000,000 shall be for other equipment; of which $69,200,000 shall be for shore, military housing, and aids to navigation facilities, including waterfront facilities at Navy installations used by the Coast Guard, of which $2,000,000 may be derived from the Coast Guard Housing Fund established pursuant to 14 U.S.C. 687; of which $106,083,000 shall be available for personnel compensation and benefits and related costs; and of which $1,266,500,000 shall be for the Integrated Deepwater Systems program: Provided, That of the funds made available for the Integrated Deepwater Systems program, $101,000,000 is for aircraft and $1,010,000,000 is for surface ships: Provided further, That of the funds provided for surface ships, $692,000,000 is available for the procurement of the fifth National Security Cutter, including procurement of the production of such cutter and production-related activities and post-delivery activities associated with such cutter.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Coast Guard, Alteration of Bridges” shall be $0.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Coast Guard, Research, Development, Test, and Evaluation” shall be $24,745,000, of which $4,000,000 shall be for research, development, test, and evaluation of technologies to prevent and respond to oil and hazardous substance spills.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, United States Secret Service, Salaries and Expenses” shall be $1,514,361,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, National Protection and Programs Directorate, Management and Administration” shall be $43,577,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, National Protection and Programs Directorate, Infrastructure Protection and Information Security” shall be $840,444,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, under the heading “Department of Homeland Security, National Protection and Programs Directorate, Federal Protective Service”, the revenues and collections of security fees credited to this account shall be available until expended for necessary expenses related to the protection of federally-owned and leased buildings and for the operations of the Federal Protective Service: Provided, That, no later than September 30, 2011, the Federal Protective Service shall maintain not fewer than 1,250 full-time staff and 935 full-time Police Officers, Inspectors, Area Commanders, and Special Agents who, while working, are directly engaged on a daily basis protecting and enforcing laws at Federal buildings (referred to as “in-service field staff”).

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, National Protection and Programs Directorate, United States Visitor and Immigrant Status Indicator Technology” shall be $334,613,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Office of Health Affairs” shall be $139,734,000, of which $27,053,000 is for salaries and expenses.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Management and Administration” shall be $788,400,000, of which $35,250,000 shall be for the Urban Search and Rescue Response System: Provided, That the directed obligations under such heading for capital improvements at the Mount Weather Emergency Operations Center in Public Law 111-83 shall have no force or effect to funds appropriated by this division.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency, State and Local Programs” shall be $2,229,500,000: Provided, That of the amount provided by this division for the State Homeland Security Grant Program under such heading, $55,000,000 shall be for Operation Stonegarden; $45,000,000 shall be for the Driver’s License Security Grant Program; $10,000,000 shall be for the Citizen Corps Program; and $35,000,000 shall be for the Metropolitan Medical Response System: Provided further, That the amounts provided by this division for the Citizen Corps Program under such heading shall not be subject to the requirements of subtitle A of title XX of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 603 et seq.): Provided further, That of the amount provided by this division for Public Transportation Security Assistance and Railroad Security Assistance under such heading, no less than $20,000,000 shall be for Amtrak security and no less than $5,000,000 shall be for Over-the-Road Bus Security: Provided further, That the amounts included under such heading in Public Law 111-83 shall be applied to funds appropriated by this division as follows: in paragraph (1), by substituting “$725,000,000” for “$950,000,000”; in paragraph (2), by substituting “$725,000,000” for “$887,000,000”; in paragraph (3), by substituting “$15,000,000” for “$35,000,000”; in paragraph (4), by substituting “$0” for “$41,000,000”; in paragraph (5), by substituting “$0” for “$13,000,000”; in paragraph (6), by substituting “$250,000,000” for “$300,000,000”; in paragraph (7), by substituting “$250,000,000” for “$300,000,000”; in paragraph (8), by substituting “$0” for “$12,000,000”; in paragraph (9), by substituting “$0” for “$50,000,000”; in paragraph (10), by substituting “$0” for “$50,000,000”; in paragraph (11), by substituting “$0” for “$50,000,000”; in paragraph (12), by substituting “$15,000,000” for “$60,000,000” and by substituting “$0” for each following amount in such paragraph; in paragraph (13), by substituting “$249,500,000” for “$267,200,000”, of which $155,500,000 shall be for training of State, local, and tribal emergency response providers: Provided further, That the directed obligations provisions in paragraphs 13(A), 13(B), and 13(C) under such heading in Public Law 111-83 shall have no force or effect to funds appropriated in this division: Provided further, That 5.8 percent of the amount provided for “Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency, State and Local Programs” by this division shall be transferred to “Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Management and Administration” for program administration.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Firefighter Assistance Grants” for programs authorized by the Federal Fire Prevention and Control Act of 1974 (15 U.S.C. 2201 et seq.) shall be $810,000,000, of which $405,000,000 shall be available to carry out section 33 of that Act (15 U.S.C. 2229) and $405,000,000 shall be available to carry out section 34 of that Act (15 U.S.C. 2229a): Provided, That the proviso included under “Federal Emergency Management Agency, Firefighter Assistance Grants” in the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2010 (Public Law 111-83) shall have no force or effect: Provided further, That 5.8 percent of the amount available under this heading shall be transferred to “Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Management and Administration” for program administration: Provided further, That none of the funds made available in this division may be used to enforce the requirements in—

 * (1) section 34(a)(1)(A) of the Federal Fire Prevention and Control Act of 1974 (15 U.S.C. 2229a(a)(1)(A));

 * (2) section 34(a)(1)(E) of such Act; and

 * (3) section 34(c)(1) of such Act.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Disaster Relief” shall be $2,650,000,000: Provided, That the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency shall submit quarterly reports to the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives providing estimates of funding requirements for “Disaster Relief” for the current fiscal year and the succeeding three fiscal years: Provided further, That the report shall provide (a) an estimate, by quarter, for the costs of all previously designated disasters; (b) an estimate, by quarter, for the cost of future disasters based on a five year average, excluding catastrophic disasters; and (c) an estimate of the date on which the “Disaster Relief” balance will reach $800,000,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Flood Map Modernization Fund” shall be $182,000,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, in fiscal year 2011, funds shall not be available from the National Flood Insurance Fund under section 1310 of the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 4017) for operating expenses in excess of $110,000,000, and for agents’ commissions and taxes in excess of $963,339,000: Provided, That notwithstanding section 1101, for activities under the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 4001 et seq.) and the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973 (42 U.S.C. 4001 et seq.), the level shall be $169,000,000, which shall be derived from offsetting collections assessed and collected under 1308(d) of the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 4015(d)), of which not to exceed $22,145,000 shall be available for salaries and expenses associated with flood mitigation and flood insurance operations; and not less than $146,855,000 shall be available for floodplain management and flood mapping, which shall remain available until September 30, 2012.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency, National Predisaster Mitigation Fund” shall be $50,000,000: Provided, That the directed obligations under such heading in Public Law 111-83 shall have no force or effect to funds appropriated in this division.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Federal Emergency Management Agency, Emergency Food and Shelter” shall be $120,000,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, United States Citizenship and Immigration Services” shall be $146,593,000, of which $25,000,000 is for processing applications for asylum and refugee status, and of which $103,400,000 shall be for the E-Verify Program.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, Salaries and Expenses” shall be $235,919,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, Acquisitions, Construction, Improvements, and Related Expenses” shall be $35,456,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology, Management and Administration” shall be $141,200,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology, Research, Development, Acquisition, and Operations” shall be $688,036,000, of which $40,000,000 shall remain available until September 30, 2013, for construction of the National Bio- and Agro-defense Facility central utility plant: Provided, That the final proviso included under the heading “Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology, Research, Development, Acquisition, and Operations” in the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2010 (Public Law 111-83) shall have no force or effect: Provided further, That funding for university programs shall not be reduced by more than twenty percent from the fiscal year 2010 enacted level.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, Management and Administration” shall be $36,992,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, Research, Development, and Operations” shall be $275,437,000.

 * Notwithstanding section 1101, the level for “Department of Homeland Security, Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, Systems Acquisition” shall be $30,000,000.

 * (a) Section 560 of Public Law 111-83 shall not apply to funds appropriated by this division.

 * (b) No funding provided in this division shall be used for construction of the National Bio- and Agro-defense Facility until the Department of Homeland Security has, pursuant to the schedule submitted by the Department of Homeland Security on March 31, 2011, to the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and House of Representatives—

 * (1) completed 50 percent of design planning for the National Bio- and Agro-defense Facility, and

 * (2) submitted to the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives a revised site-specific biosafety and biosecurity mitigation risk assessment that describes how to significantly reduce risks of conducting essential research and diagnostic testing at the National Bio- and Agro-defense Facility and addresses shortcomings identified in the National Academy of Sciences’ evaluation of the initial site-specific biosafety and biosecurity mitigation risk assessment.

 * (c) The revised site-specific biosafety and biosecurity mitigation risk assessment required by subsection (b) shall—

 * (1) include a quantitative risk assessment for foot-and-mouth disease virus, in particular epidemiological and economic impact modeling to determine the overall risk of operating the facility for its expected 50-year life span, taking into account strategies to mitigate risk of foot-and-mouth disease virus release from the laboratory and ensure safe operations at the approved National Bio- and Agro-defense Facility site;

 * (2) address the impact of surveillance, response, and mitigation plans (developed in consultation with local, State, and Federal authorities and appropriate stakeholders) if a release occurs, to detect and control the spread of disease; and

 * (3) include overall risks of the most dangerous pathogens the Department of Homeland Security expects to hold in the National Bio- and Agro-defense Facility’s biosafety level 4 facility, and effectiveness of mitigation strategies to reduce those risks.

 * (d) The Department of Homeland Security shall enter into a contract with the National Academy of Sciences to evaluate the adequacy and validity of the risk assessment required by subsection (b). The National Academy of Sciences shall submit a report on such evaluation within four months after the date the Department of Homeland Security concludes its risk assessment.

 * Section 503 of the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2010 (Public Law 111-83) is amended by adding at the end the following:

 * “(e) The notification thresholds and procedures set forth in this section shall apply to any use of deobligated balances of funds provided in previous Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Acts.”.

 * For fiscal year 2011, sections 529, 541, and 545 of the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2010 (Public Law 111-83; 123 Stat. 2174, 2176) shall have no force or effect.

 * Section 550(b) of the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2007 (Public Law 109-295; 6 U.S.C. 121 note) is amended by striking “on October 4, 2010” and inserting “on October 4, 2011”.

 * Section 831 of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 391) is amended—

 * (1) in subsection (a), by striking “Until September 30, 2010” and inserting “Until September 30, 2011”; and

 * (2) in subsection (d)(1), by striking “September 30, 2010” and inserting “September 30, 2011”.

 * Section 532(a) of Public Law 109-295 (120 Stat. 1384) is amended by striking “2010” and inserting “2011”.

 * For an additional amount for necessary expenses for reimbursement of the actual costs to State and local governments for providing emergency management, public safety, and security at events, as determined by the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, related to the presence of a National Special Security Event, $7,500,000, to remain available until September 30, 2012.

 * Notwithstanding the 10 percent limitation contained in section 503(c) of the Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2010 (Public Law 111-83), the Secretary of Homeland Security may transfer to the fund established by 8 U.S.C. 1101 note, up to $20,000,000 from appropriations available to the Department of Homeland Security: Provided, That the Secretary shall notify the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and House of Representatives 5 days in advance of such transfer.

 * Of the funds transferred to the Department of Homeland Security when it was created in 2003, the following funds are hereby rescinded from the following accounts and programs in the specified amounts:

 * (1) $1,692,000 from “Operations”.

 * (2) $4,871,492 from “Violent Crime Reduction Program”.

 * (3) $17,195,677 from “U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Salaries and Expenses”.

 * (4) $10,568,934 from “Office for Domestic Preparedness”.

 * The following unobligated balances made available to the Department of Homeland Security pursuant to section 505 of Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2010 (Public Law 111-83; 123 Stat. 2174) are rescinded:

 * (1) $1,437,015 from “Office of the Secretary and Executive Management”.

 * (2) $821,104 from “Office of the Under Secretary for Management”.

 * (3) $242,720 from “Office of the Chief Financial Officer”.

 * (4) $23,143 from “Office of the Chief Information Officer”.

 * (5) $440,847 from “Analysis and Operations”.

 * (6) $76,498 from “Office of the Federal Coordinator for Gulf Coast Rebuilding”.

 * (7) $223,301 from “Office of Inspector General”.

 * (8) $12,503,273 from “U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Salaries and Expenses”.

 * (9) $18,214,469 from “U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Salaries and Expenses”.

 * (10) $2,429,978 from “Transportation Security Administration, Federal Air Marshals”.

 * (11) $13,508,196 from “Coast Guard, Operating Expenses”.

 * (12) $3,411,505 from “Coast Guard, Reserve Training”.

 * (13) $150,499 from “National Protection and Programs Directorate, Management and Administration”.

 * (14) $861,290 from “National Protection and Programs Directorate, Infrastructure Protection and Information Security”.

 * (15) $602,956 from “United States Secret Service, Salaries and Expenses”.

 * (16) $814,153 from “Federal Emergency Management Agency, Management and Administration”.

 * (17) $831,400 from “Office of Health Affairs”.

 * (18) $7,945,983 from “United States Citizenship and Immigration Services”.

 * (19) $1,010,795 from “Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, Salaries and Expenses”.

 * (20) $425,465 from “Science and Technology, Management and Administration”.

 * (21) $42,257 from “Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, Management and Administration”.

 * Of the funds appropriated to the Department of Homeland Security, the following unobligated balances are hereby rescinded from the following accounts and programs in the specified amounts:

 * (1) $10,000,000 from “U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Automation Modernization”.

 * (2) $129,000,000 from “U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Border Security Fencing, Infrastructure, and Technology”.

 * (3) $19,603,000 from “Federal Emergency Management Agency, National Predisaster Mitigation Fund”.

 * (4) $60,600,000 from “Science and Technology, Research, Development, Acquisition, and Operations”.

 * (5) $10,886,000 from “Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, Research, Development, and Operations”.

 * (6) $10,122,000 from “Coast Guard, Acquisition, Construction, and Improvements”.

 * Of the unobligated balances made available under section 44945 of title 49, United States Code, $800,000 is rescinded.

 * Of the unobligated balances available for “Department of Homeland Security, Transportation Security Administration”, $15,000,000 is rescinded: Provided, that the Transportation Security Administration shall not rescind any unobligated balances from the following programs: explosives detection systems, checkpoint support, aviation regulation and other enforcement, and air cargo.

 * Of the unobligated balances available for “Department of Homeland Security, National Protection and Programs Directorate, Infrastructure Protection and Information Security”, the following amounts are rescinded—

 * (1) $6,000,000 from Next Generation Networks; and

 * (2) $9,600,000 to be specified in a report submitted to the Committees on Appropriations of the Senate and the House of Representatives no later than 15 days after the date of enactment of this division, which describes the amounts rescinded and the original purpose of such funds.

 * From the unobligated balances of funds made available in the Department of the Treasury Forfeiture Fund established by section 9703 of title 31, United States Code, which was added to such title by section 638 of Public Law 102-393, $22,600,000 is rescinded.

 * From the unobligated balances of prior year appropriations made available for “Department of Homeland Security, National Protection and Programs Directorate, United States Visitor and Immigrant Indicator Technology”, $32,795,000 is rescinded.

 * From the unobligated balances of prior year appropriations made available for “Department of Homeland Security, United States Citizenship and Immigration Services”, $13,000,000 is rescinded: Provided, That United States Citizenship and Immigration Services shall not rescind any unobligated balances from the following programs and activities: E-Verify, data center migration, and processing applications for asylum and refugee status.

 * Of the unobligated balances available for “Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Construction”, $10,000,000 is rescinded.

title: Public Law 112-10/Division B/Title VI


text:
Page:Folk-lore - A Quarterly Review. Volume 28, 1917.djvu/487

 CORRESPONDENCE.

(Ante, pp. 228-258.)

It is a matter of much regret to me that I was unable to hear Miss Murray’s striking paper on the Organization of Witches in Great Britain, on the 18th April last. Miss Murray’s evidence of the existence of secret societies for the practice of pagan cults entirely accords with Grimm’s ascription of the origin of mediaeval witchcraft to the secret practice of heathen rites by persons who remained true to the ancient faith. (Deutsche Mythologie. 1007.) The suffix craft itself implies an organized society for the performance of “mysteries,” whether merely technical or quasi-religious.

With regard to Miss Murray’s last paragraph on page 248, may I draw her attention to Sir John Rhys’s discussion of the ancient Celtic seasonal year, in his Hibbert Lectures (1886). Sir James Frazer’s deduction that this division of the year dates from a period “when the Celts were mainly a pastoral people dependent for their subsistence on their herds,” is natural and probable. The same division still affects rustic life in many ways. Especially does it regulate the life of the cattle, who migrate from stall to pasture and from pasture to stall at the beginning of May and the beginning of November respectively, even in England at the present day.