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PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985

ending September 30, 1986, through September 30, 1990, such sums to remain available until expended. (c) Four percent of the sums appropriated under this section shall be available to the Secretary of Agriculture for administration of the grants program under this section. The remaining funds shall be made available for grants to the eligible institutions for the purpose of assisting the institutions in the purchase of equipment and land, and the planning, construction, alteration, or renovation of buildings, to provide adequate facilities to conduct extension work in their respective States. (d) Grants awarded under this section shall be made in such amounts and under such terms and conditions as the Secretary of Agriculture shall determine necessary for carrying out this section. (e) Federal funds provided under this section may not be used for the payment of any overhead costs of the eligible institutions. (f) The Secretary of Agriculture may promulgate such rules and regulations as the Secretary considers necessary to carry out this section. RESEARCH AT 1890 LAND-GRANT COLLEGES

Prohibition.

SEC. 1417. (a) Section 1445(a) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3222(a)) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new sentence: "No more than 5 percent of the funds received by an institution in any fiscal year, under this section, may be carried forward to the succeeding fiscal year.". (b) Paragraph (2) of section 1445(g) is amended to read as follows: "(2) If it appears to the Secretary from the annual statement of receipts and expenditures of funds by any eligible institution that an amount in excess of 5 percent of the preceding annual appropriation allotted to that institution under this section remains unexpended, such amount in excess of 5 percent of the preceding annual appropriation allotted to that institution shall be d e d u c t ^ from the next succeeding annual allotment to the institution.". INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND EXTENSION

SEC. 1418. Section 1458(a) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3291(a)) is amended by— (1) in paragraph (3), striking out "the training o f and inserting in lieu thereof "providing technical assistance, training, and advice to"; and (2) in paragraph (4), inserting "through the development of highly qualified scientists with specialization in international development" after "countries". INTERNATIONAL TRADE DEVELOPMENT CENTERS

Effective date.

SEC. 1419. (a) Effective October 1, 1985, the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.) is amended by inserting, after section 1458, the following: " G R A N T S TO STATES FOR INTERNATIONAL TRADE DEVELOPMENT CENTERS

7 USC 3292.

"SEC. 1458A. (a) The Secretary shall establish and carry out a program to make grants to States for the establishment and oper-

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ation of international trade development centers, or the expansion of existing international trade development centers, in the United States to enhance the exportation of agricultural products and related products. Such grants shall be based on a matching formula of 50 per centum Federal and 50 per centum State funding (including funds received by the State from private sources and from units of local government). "(b) In making grants under subsection (a), the Secretary shall Schools and give preference to States that intend to use, as sites for international colleges. trade development centers, land-grant colleges and universities (as defined in section 1404(10) of this Act) that— "(1) operate agricultural programs; "(2) have existing international trade programs that use an interdisciplinary approach and are operated jointly with State and Federal agencies to address international trade problems; and "(3) have an effective and progressive communications system that might be linked on an international basis to conduct conferences or trade negotiations. "(c) Such centers may— "(1) through research, establish a permanent data base to Transportation. address the problems faced by potential exporters, including Marketing. language barriers, interaction with representatives of foreign governments, transportation of goods and products, insurance and financing within foreign countries, and collecting international marketing data; "(2) be used to house permanent or temporary exhibits that will stimulate and educate trade delegations from foreign nations with respect to agricultural products and related products produced in the United States and be made available for use by State and regional entities for exhibits, trade seminars, and negotiations involving such products; and "(3) carry out such other activities relating to the exportation of agricultural products and related products as the Secretary may approve. "(d) There are hereby authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out the provisions of this section.". Oo) Effective October 1, 1985, the table of contents of the Food and Effective date. Agriculture Act of 1977 is amended by inserting a new item: "Sec. 1458A. Grants to States for international trade development centers."

after the item "Sec. 1458. International agricultural research and extension.". AGRICULTURAL INFORMATION EXCHANGE WITH IRELAND

SEC. 1420. (a) The Secretary of Agriculture shall undertake discussions with representatives of the Government of Ireland that may lead to an agreement that will provide for the development of a program between the United States and Ireland whereby there will be— (1) a greater exchange of— (A) agricultural scientific and educational information, techniques, and data; (B) agricultural marketing information, techniques, and data; and

Science and technology. Marketing.

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(C) agricultural producer, student, teacher, agribusiness (private and cooperative) personnel; and (2) the fostering of joint investment ventures, cooperative research, and the expansion of United States trade with Ireland. (b) The Secretary shall periodically report to the Chairman of the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Chairman of the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate to keep such Committees apprised of the progress and accomplishments, and such other information as the Secretary considers appropriate, with r ^ a r d to the development of such program. STUDIES Repeal.

SEC. 1421. Sections 1459, 1460, 1461, and 1462 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3301,3302,3303, and 3304) are repealed. AUTHORIZATION FOR APPROPRIATIONS FOR CERTAIN AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH PROGRAMS

Effective date.

Effective date.

SEC. 1422. (a) Effective October 1, 1985, section 1463(a) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3311(a)) is amended by striking out "$505,000,000" and all that follows through "subsequent fiscal year" and inserting in lieu thereof "$600,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1986, $610,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1987, $620,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1988, $630,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1989, and $640,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1990". (b) Effective October 1, 1985, section 1463(b) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 3311(b)) is amended by striking out "$120,000,000" and all that follows through "subsequent fiscal year" and inserting in lieu thereof "$270,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1986, $280,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1987, $290,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1988, $300,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1989, and $310,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1990". AUTHORIZATION FOR APPROPRIATIONS FOR EXTENSION EDUCATION

Effective date.

SEC. 1423. Effective October 1, 1985, section 1464 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3312) is amended by striking out "$260,000,000" and all that follows through "subsequent fiscal year" and inserting in lieu thereof "$370,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1986, $380,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1987, $390,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1988, $400,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1989, and $420,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1990". CONTRACTS, G R A N T S, A N D C O O P E R A T IV E AGREEMENTS

SEC. 1424. Section 1472 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3318) is amended by— (1) redesignating subsections (b), (c), and (d) as subsections (c), (d), and (e), respectively; and

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(2) inserting after subsection (a) the following new subsection: "(b)(l) Notwithstanding chapter 63 of title 31, United States Code, the Secretary may use a cooperative agreement as the legal instrument reflecting a relationship between the Secretary and a State cooperative institution, State department of gigriculture, college, university, other research or educational institution or organization. Federal or private agency or organization, individual, or any other party, if the Secretary determines that— "(A) the objectives of the agreement will serve a mutual interest of the parties to the agreement in agricultural research, extension, and teaching activities, including statistical reporting; and "(B) all parties will contribute resources to the accomplishment of those objectives. "(2) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, any Federal agency may participate in any such cooperative agreement by contributing funds through the appropriate agency of the Department of Agriculture or otherwise if it is mutugilly agreed that the objectives of the agreement will further the authorized programs of vhe contributing agency.".

Schools and colleges. 31 USC 6301 etseq.

INDIRECT COSTS

SEC. 1425. Section 1473 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3319) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new sentences: "The prohibition on the use of such funds for the reimbursement of indirect costs shall not apply to funds for international agricultural programs conducted by a State cooperative institution and administered by the Secretary or to funds provided by a Federal agency for such cooperative program or project through a fund transfer, advance, or reimbursement. The Secretary shall limit the amount of such reimbursement to an amount necessary to carry out such program or agreement.". COST-REIMBURSABLE AGREEMENTS

SEC. 1426. The National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 is amended by inserting after section 1473 (7 U.S.C. 3319) the following new section:

Supra.

COST-REIMBURSABLE AGREEMENTS

"SEC. 1473A. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary of Agriculture may enter into cost-reimbursable agreements with State cooperative institutions without regard to any requirement for competition, for the acquisition of goods or services, including personal services, to carry out agricultural research, extension, or teaching activities of mutual interest. Reimbursable costs under such agreements shall include the actual direct costs of performance, as mutually agreed on by the parties, and the indirect costs of performance, not exceeding 10 percent of the direct cost.". TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

SEC. 1427 The National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (as amended by section 1425) is

7 USC 3319a.

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amended by inserting after section 1473A the following new sections: TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT FOR SMALL- AND MEDIUM-SIZED FARMING OPERATIONS

7 USC 3319b.

"SEC. 1473B. It is the sense of Congress that the agricultural research, extension, and teaching activities conducted by the Secretary of Agriculture relating to the development, application, transfer, or delivery of agricultural technology, and, to the greatest extent practicable, any funding that is received by the Secretary of Agriculture for such activities, should be directed to technology that can be used effectively by small- and medium-sized farming operations. "SPECIAL TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH PROGRAM

7 USC 3319c. 31 USC 6301 et seq.

Prohibition.

Prohibition.

"SEC. 1473C. (a) Notwithstanding chapter 63 of title 31, United States Code, the Secretary may enter into a cooperative agreement with a private agency, organization, or individual to share the cost of a research project, or to allow the use of a Federal facility or service on a cost-sharing or cost reimbursable basis, to develop new agricultural technology to further a research program of the Secretary. "(b) For each of the fiscal years ending September 30, 1986, through September 30, 1990, not more than $3,000,000 of the funds appropriated to the Agricultural Research Service for such fiscal year may be used to carry out this section. "(c)(1) To be eligible to receive a contribution under this section, matching funds in an amount equal to at least 50 percent of such contribution shall be provided from non-Federal sources by the recipient or recipients of such contribution. "(2) Funds received by the Secretary under this section shall be deposited in a separate account or accounts, to be available until expended. Such funds may be used to pay directly the costs of such research projects and to repay or make advances to appropriations or funds that do or will initially bear all or part of such costs. "(3) The amount of funds or in kind assistance that may be made available under this section by the Secretary for a particular research project may not exceed— (A) an amount of $50,000 in any fiscal year; or "(B) a total amount of $150,000.^^. S U P P L E M E N T A L AND ALTERNATIVE CROPS

Supra.

SEC. 1428. The National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3101 et seq.) (as amended by section 1426) is amended by inserting after section 1473C the following new section: " S U P P L E M E N T A L AND ALTERNATIVE CROPS

7USe33i9d.

"SEC. 1473D. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, during the period beginning October 1, 1986, and ending September 30, 1990, the Secretary shall develop and implement a research and pilot project program for the development of supplemental and alternative crops, using such funds as are appropriated to the Secretary each nscal year under this title.

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"(b) The development of supplemental and alternative crops is of critical importance to producers of agricultural commodities whose livelihood is threatened by the decline in demand experienced with respect to certain of their crops due to changes in consumption patterns or other related causes. "(c)(1) The Secretary shall use such research funding, special or competitive grants, or other means, as the Secretary determines, to further the purposes of this section in the implementation of a comprehensive and integrated program. "(2) The program developed and implemented by the Secretary shall include— "(A) an examination of the adaptation of supplemental and alternative crops; "(B) the establishment and extension of various methods of planting, cultivating, harvesting, and processing supplemental and alternative crops at pilot sites in areas adversely affected by declining demand for crops grown in the area; "(C) the transfer of such applied research from pilot sites to on-farm practice as soon as practicable; "(D) the establishment through grants, cooperative agreements, or other means of such processing, storage, and transportation facilities near such pilot sites for supplemental and alternative crops as the Secretary determines will facilitate the achievement of a successful pilot program; and "(E) the application of such other resources and expertise as the Secretary considers appropriate to support the program. "(3) The pilot program may include, but shall not be limited to, agreements, grants, and other arrangements— "(A) to conduct comprehensive resource and infrastructure assessments; "(B) to develop and introduce supplemental and alternative income-producing crops; "(C) to develop and expand domestic and export markets for such crops; and "(D) to provide technical assistance to farm owners and operators, marketing cooperatives, and others. "(d) The Secretary shall use the expertise and resources of the Agricultural Research Service, the Cooperative State Research Service, the Extension Service, and the land-grant colleges and universities for the purpose of carrying out this section.".

Grants,

Grants,

Prohibition. Grants.

Schools and colleges,

AQUACULTURE

SEC. 1429. (a) Section 1475 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3322) is amended by— (1) in the first sentence of subsection (b)— (A) striking out "and" at the end of paragraph (2); (B) inserting "and" after the semicolon at the end of paragraph (3); and (C) inserting after paragraph (3) the following new paragraph: "(4) nonprofit private research institutions;"; (2) in the last sentence of subsection (b), inserting "(of which amount an in-kind contribution may not exceed 50 percent)" after "matching grant";

Prohibition,

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Repeal.

PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985

(3) in the first sentence of subsection (d), striking out "State agencies" and all that follows through "universities," and inserting in lieu thereof "any of the non-Federal entities specified in subsection (b)"; (4) adding at the end of subsection (d) the following new sentence: "To the extent practicable, the aquaculture research, development, and demonstration centers established under this subsection shall be geographically located so that they are representative of the regional aquaculture opportunities in the United States."; and (5) in the first sentence of subsection (e), inserting "the House Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries," after "House Committee on Agriculture,". (b) Section 1476 of such Act (7 U.S.C. 3323) is repealed. (c) Section 1477 of such Act (7 U.S.C. 3324) is amended to read as follows: "AUTHORIZATION FOR APPROPRIATIONS

"SEC. 1477. There is authorized to be appropriated $7,500,000 for each fiscal year beginning after the effective date of this subtitle, and ending with the fiscal year ending September 30, 1990.". RANGELAND RESEARCH

SEC. 1430. (a) The first sentence of section 1482(a) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3335(a)) is amended by striking out "1985" and inserting in lieu thereof "1990". (b) Section 1483(a) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 3336(a)) is amended by striking out "1985" and all that follows through "subsequent fiscal year" and inserting in lieu thereof "1990". AUTHORIZATION FOR APPROPRIATIONS FOR FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL

RESEARCH FACILITIES

Prohibition. Prohibition.

SEC. 1431. (a) There are authorized to be appropriated for each of the fiscal years ending September 30, 1988, through September 30, 1990, such sums as may be necessary for the planning, construction, acquisition, alteration, and repair of buildings and other public improvements, including the cost of acquiring or obtaining rights to use land, of or used by the Agricultural Research Service, except that— (1) the cost of planning any one facility shall not exceed $500,000; and (2) the total cost of any one facility shall not exceed $5,000,000. (b) Not later than 60 days after the end of each of the fiscal years ending September 30, 1986, through September 30, 1990, the Secretary of Agriculture shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report specifying— (1) the location of each building, laboratory, research facility, and other public improvement of or to be used by the Agricultural Research Service that is planned, constructed, acquired, repaired, or remodeled, with funds appropriated under subsection (a), in the fiscal year involved; and

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(2) with respect to each such building, laboratory, research facility, and improvement— (A) the amount of such funds obligated in the fiscal year; and (B) the amount of such funds expended in the fiscal year for such item. DAIRY GOAT RESEARCH

SEC. 1432. Effective October 1, 1985, section 1432(b)(5) of the Effective date. National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act Amendments of 1981 (7 U.S.C. 3222 note) is amended by striking out "September" the first place it appears and all that follows through "1985" and inserting in lieu thereof "September 30, 1986, through September 30, 1990". GRANTS TO UPGRADE 1890 LAND-GRANT COLLEGE RESEARCH FACILITIES

SEC. 1433. (a) Section 1433(a) of the National Agricultural Re- Libraries. search, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act Amendments of 1981 (7 U.S.C. 3223(a)) is amended by inserting ", including agricultural libraries," after "equipment", (b) Section 1433(b) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 3223(b)) is amended by— (1) striking out "and" after "1985,"; and (2) inserting "and September 30, 1987," after "1986,". SOYBEAN RESEARCH ADVISORY INSTITUTE

SEC. 1434. Section 1446 of the National Agricultural Research, Repeal. Extension, and Teaching Policy Act Amendments of 1981 (7 U.S.C. 2281 note) is repealed. , SMITH-LEVER ACT

SEC. 1435. (a) Section 2 of the Act of May 8, 1914 (38 Stat. 372, chapter 79; 7 U.S.C. 342) (hereafter in this section referred to as the Smith-Lever Act) (7 U.S.C. 342) is amended by— (1) inserting "development of practical applications of research knowledge and" after "consist of the"; and (2) inserting "of existing or improved practices or technologies" after "practical demonstrations". (b) Section 3 of the Smith-Lever Act (7 U.S.C. 343) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following: "(fKD The Secretary of Agriculture may conduct educational, instructional, demonstration, and publication distribution programs through the Federal Extension Service and enter into cooperative Eigreements with private nonprofit and profit organizations and individuals to share the cost of such programs through contributions from private sources as provided in this subsection. "(2) The Secretary may receive contributions under this subsection from private sources for the purposes described in paragraph (1) and provide matching funds in an amount not greater than 50 percent of such contributions. (c)(1) The Secretary of Agriculture shall conduct a study to determine whether any funds that are— (A) appropriated after the date of the enactment of this Act to carry out the Smith-Lever Act (7 U.S.C. 341 et seq.), other than section 8 of such Act (7 U.S.C. 347a); and

7 USC 341 note.

Education,

Prohibition.

Study.

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Report.

Effective date. 7 USC 343 note.

PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985

(B) in excess of the aggregate amount appropriated to carry out the Smith-Lever Act (other than section 8 of such Act) in the fiscal year ending September 30, 1985, can be allocated more effectively among the States. (2) Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report summarizing the results of such study and containing the recommendations of the Secretary regarding the allocation of such funds. (d) This section and the amendments made by this section shall become effective on October 1, 1985. MARKET EXPANSION RESEARCH

Transportation. 7 USC 1632.

Forests and forest products.

Schools and colleges. Contracts.

Prohibition.

Prohibition.

SEC. 1436. (a) The Secretary of Agriculture, using available funds, shall increase and intensify research programs conducted by or for the Department of Agriculture that are directed at developing technology to overcome barriers to expanded sales of United States agricultural commodities and the products thereof in domestic and foreign markets, including research programs for the development of procedures to meet plant quarantine requirements and improvement in the transportation and handling of perishable agricultural commodities. (b)(1) The Secretary of Agriculture shall conduct a research and development program to formulate new uses for farm and forest products. Such program shall include, but not be limited to, research and development of industrial, new, and value-added products. (2) To the extent practicable, the Secretary of Agriculture shall carry out the program authorized in this subsection with colleges and universities, private industry, and Federal and State entities through a combination of grants, cooperative agreements, contracts, and interagency agreements. (3)(A) There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out the program authorized under this subsection. (B) In addition, the Secretary may use funds appropriated or made available to the Secretary under provisions of law other than subparagraph (A) to carry out such program. (C) To the extent requests are made for matching funds under such program, the total amount of funds used by the Secretary to carry out the program under this subsection may not be less than $10,000,000 for each of the fiscal years ending September 30, 1986, through September 30, 1990. (4) Funds appropriated under subparagraph (A) or made available under subparagraph (B) may be transferred among appropriation accounts to carry out the purposes of the program authorized under this subsection. (5) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Federal share of the cost of each research or development project funded under this subsection may not exceed 50 percent of the cost of such project. PESTICIDE RESISTANCE STUDY

Report.

SEC. 1437. (a) The Secretary of Agriculture is encouraged to conduct a study on the detection and management of pesticide

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resistance and, within 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, submit to the President and Congress a report on such study, (b) The study shall include— (1) a review of existing efforts to examine and identify the mechanisms, genetics, and ecological dynamics of target populations of insect and plant pests developing resistance to pesticides; (2) a review of existing efforts to monitor current and historical patterns of pesticide resistance; and (3) a strategy for the establishment of a national pesticide resistance monitoring program, involving Federal, State, and local agencies, as well as the private sector. EXPANSION OF EDUCATION STUDY

SEC. 1438. (a) The Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of Education are authorized to take such joint action as may be necessary to expand the scope of the study, known as the Study of Agriculture Education on the Secondary Level, currently being conducted by the National Academy of Sciences and sponsored jointly by the Departments of Agriculture and Education to include— (1) a study of the potential use of modern technology in the teaching of agriculture programs at the secondary school level; and (2) recommendations of the National Academy of Sciences on how modern technology can be most effectively utilized in the teaching of agricultural programs at the secondary school level. (b) Any increase in the cost of conducting such study as a result of expanding the scope of such study pursuant to subsection (a) shall be borne by the Secretary of Agriculture out of funds appropriated to the Department of Agriculture for research and education or from funds made available to the National Academy of Sciences from private sources to expand the scope of such study.

Science and technology. Science and technology.

CRITICAL AGRICULTURAL MATERIALS

SEC. 1439. (a) Section 5(b)(9) of the Critical Agricultural Materials Act (7 U.S.C. 178c(b)(9)) is amended by inserting ", carrying out demonstration projects to promote the development or commercialization of such crops (including projects designed to expand domestic or foreign markets for such crops)," after "purposes,", (b) Section 5 of such Act is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new subsection: "(d) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, in carrying out a demonstration project referred to in subsection (b)(9), the Secretary may— "(1) enter into a contract or cooperative agreement with, or provide a grant to, any person, or public or private agency or organization, to participate in, carry out, support, or stimulate such project; "(2) make available for purposes of clause (1) ^n*icultural commodities or the products thereof acquired by the Commodity Credit Corporation under price support operations conducted by the Corporation; or "(3) use any funds appropriated pursuant to section 16(a), or any funds provided by any person, or public or private agency or

-

15

QL. 3

Part 2

98 Stat. 182.

Contracts. Grants.

98 Stat. 184. 7 USC 178n.

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PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985 organization, to carry out such project or reimburse the Commodity Credit Corporation for agricultural commodities or products that are utilized in connection with such project.".

SPECIAL GRANTS FOR FINANCIALLY STRESSED FARMERS AND DISLOCATED FARMERS

SEC. 1440. (a) Section 502 of the Rural Development Act of 1972 (7 U.S.C. 2662) is amended by inserting at the end thereof the following new subsection: "(f) SPECIAL GRANTS FOR FINANCIALLY STRESSED FARMERS AND DISLOCATED FARMERS.—(I)(A) The Secretary shall provide special

Education.

grants for programs to develop income alternatives for farmers who have been adversely affected by the current farm and rural economic crisis and those displaced from farming. "(B) Such programs shall consist of educational and counseling services to farmers to— "(i) assess human and nonhuman resources; "(ii) assess income earning alternatives; "(iii) identify resources and opportunities available to the farmer in the local community, county, and State; "(iv) implement financial planning and management strategies; and "(v) provide linkages to specific resources and opportunities that are available to the farmer, such as reentering agriculture, new business opportunities, other off-farm jobs, job search programs, and retraining skills. "(C) The Secretary also may provide support to mental health officials in developing outreach programs in rural areas. "(2) Grants may be made under paragraph (1) during the period beginning on the date of enactment of the Food Security Act of 1985 and ending 3 years after such date.". (b) Section 503(c) of such Act (7 U.S.C. 2663(c)) is amended by inserting "and section 502(f)" after "section 502(e)" both times it appears. ANNUAL REPORT ON FAMILY FARMS

Science and technology.

SEC. 1441. Section 102(b) of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 22660t))) is amended by— (1) designating the first and second sentences as paragraphs (1) and (2), respectively; and (2) amending paragraph (2) (as so designated) to read as follows: "(2) The Secretary shall also include in each such report— "(A) information on how existing agricultural and agriculture-related programs are being administered to enhance and strengthen the family farm system of agriculture in the United States; "(B) an assessment of how tax, credit, and other current Federal income, excise, estate, and other ta^ laws, and proposed changes in such laws, may affect the structure and organization of, returns to, and investment opportunities by family and nonfamily farm owners and operators, both foreign and domestic; "(C) identification and analysis of new food and agricultural production and processing technological developments, espe-

g«

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cially in the area of biotechnology, and evaluation of the potential effect of such developments on— "(i) the economic structure of the family farm system; "(ii) the competitive status of domestically-produced agricultural commodities and foods in foreign markets; and "(iii) the achievement of Federal agricultural program objectives; "(D) an assessment of the credit needs of family farms and the extent to which those needs are being met, and an analysis of the effects of the farm credit situation on the economic structure of the family farm system; "(E) an assessment of how economic policies and trade policies of the United States affect the financial operation of, and prospects for, family farm operations; "(F) an assessment of the effect of Federal farm programs and policies on family farms and non-family farms that— "(i) derive the mayority of their income from non-farm sources; and "(ii) derive the majority of their income from farming operations; and "(G) such other information as the Secretary considers appropriate or determines would aid Congress in protecting, preserving, and strengthening the family farm system of agricidture in the United States.".

^;

CONFORMING AMENDMENTS TO TABLES OF CONTENTS

SEC. 1442. (a) The table of contents of the Food and Agriculture Act of 1977 (Public Law 95-113; 91 Stat. 913) (as amended by sections 1413, 1420, 1425, 1426, 1427, and 1428(b)) is amended by— (1) striking out the items relating to sections 1424, 1427, 1459, 1460, 1461, 1462, 1476; (2) inserting aiter the item relating to section 1473 the following new items: "Sec. 1473A. G)st-reimbursable agreements. "Sec. 1473B. Technolc^y development for small and medium-sized farming operations. "Sec. 1473C. Special technology development research program. "Sec. 1473D. Supplemental and alternative crops."; and

(3) striking out the item relating to section 1477 and inserting in lieu thereof the following new item: "Sec. 1477. Authorization for appropriations.".

(b) The table of contents of the Agriculture and Food Act of 1981 (Public Law 97-98; 95 Stat. 1213) (as amended by section 1433) is amended by striking out the item relating to section 1446. Subtitle B—Human Nutrition Research FINDINGS

SEC. 1451. Congress finds that— (1) nutrition and health considerations are important to United States agricultural policy; (2) section 1405 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3121) designates the Department of Agriculture as the lead agency of the Federal Government for human nutrition research (except with respect

7 USC 3173 ^°Ante, p. 1544.

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PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985 to the biomedical aspects of human nutrition concerned with diagnosis or treatment of disease); (3) section 1423 of such Act (7 U.S.C. 3173) requires the Secretary of Agriculture to establish research into food and human nutrition as a separate and distinct mission of the Department of Agriculture; (4) the Secretary has established a nutrition education program; and (5) nutrition research continues to be of great importance to those involved in agricultural production. HUMAN NUTRITION RESEARCH

7 USC 3173 note.

Report.

SEC. 1452. (a) Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Agriculture (hereafter in this subtitle referred to as the "Secretary") shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a comprehensive plan for implementing a national food and human nutrition research program, including recommendations relating to research directions, educational activities, and funding levels necessary to carry out such plan. G)) Not later than 1 year after the date of the submission of the plan required under subsection (a), and each year thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to such committees an annual report on the human nutrition research activities conducted by the Secretary. DIETARY ASSESSMENT AND STUDIES

7 USC 3173 note.

Report.

SEC. 1453. (a) The Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall jointly conduct an assessment of existing scientific literature and research relating to— (1) the relationship between dietary cholesterol and blood cholesterol and human health and nutrition; and (2) dietary calcium and its importance in humeui health and nutrition. In conducting the assessments under this subsection, the Secretaries shall consult with agencies of the Federal Government involved in related research. On completion of such assessments, the Secretaries shall each recommend such further studies as the Secretaries consider useful. (b) Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall each submit to the House Committees on Agriculture and Energy and Commerce and the Senate Committees on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry and Labor and Human Resources a report that shall include the results of the assessments conducted under subsection (a) and recommendations made under such subsection, for more complete studies of the issues examined under such subsection, including a protocol, feasibility assessment, budget estimates and a timetable for such research as each Secretary shall consider appropriate. Subtitle C—Agricultural Productivity Research DEFINITIONS

7 USC 4701.

SEC. 1461. For purposes of this subtitle: (1) The term extension" shall have the same meaning given to such term by section 1404(7) of the National Agricultural

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Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103(7)). (2) The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture. (3) The term "State" means each of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands of the United States, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, or the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. (4) The term "State agricultural experiment stations" shall have the meaning given to such term by section 1404(13) of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3101(13)). 7 USC 3103. FINDINGS

SEC. 1462. Congress finds that— (1) highly productive and efficient agricultural systems and sound conservation practices are essential to ensure the longterm agricultural viability and profitability of farms and ranches in the United States; (2) agricultural research and technology transfer activities of the Secretary (including activities of the Extension Service, the Agricultural Research Service, and the Cooperative State Research Service), State cooperative extension services, land-grant and other colleges and universities, and State agricultural experiment stations— (A) have contributed greatly to innovation in agriculture; and (B) have a continuing role to play in improving agricultural productivity; (3) the annual irretrievable loss of billions of tons of precious topsoil through wind and water erosion reduces agricultural productivity; (4) many farmers and ranchers are highly dependent on machines and energy resources for agricultural production; (5) public funding of a properly planned and balanced agricultural research program is essential to improving efficiency in agricultural production and conservation practices; and (6) expanded agricultural research and extension efforts are needed to assist farmers and ranchers to— (A) improve agricultural productivity; and (B) implement soil, water, and energy conservation practices.

Conservation, '^ USC 4702. Schools and colleges.

Conservation.

PURPOSES

SEC. 1463. It is the purpose of this subtitle to— 7 USC 4703. (1) facilitate and promote scientific investigation in order to— (A) enhance agricultural productivity; (B) maint£dn the productivity of land; (C) reduce soil erosion and loss of water and plant nutrients; and (D) conserve energy and natural resources; and Conservation. (2) facilitate the conduct of research projects in order to study agricultural production systems that— (A) are located, to the extent practicable, in areas that possess various soil, climatic, and physical characteristics;

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Conservation.

PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985 (B) have been, and will continue to be, managed using farm production practices that rely on— (i) items purchased for the production of an agricultural commodity; and (ii) a variety of conservation practices; and (C) are subjected to a change from the practices described in subparagraph (B)(i) to the practices described in subparagraph (B)(ii). INFORMATION STUDY

Reports. 7 USC 4704. Post, p. 1565.

Reports.

Reports.

SEC. 1464. (a) Subject to section 1468, the Secretary shall inventory and classify by subject matter all studies, reports, and other materials developed by any person or governmental agency with the participation or financial assistance of the Secretary, that could be used to promote the purposes of this subtitle. (b) In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary shall— (1) identify, assess, and classify existing information and research reports that will further the purposes of this subtitle, including information and research relating to legume-crop rotation, the use of green manure, animal manures, and municipal wastes in agricultural production, soil acidity, liming in relation to nutrient release, intercropping, the role of organic matter in soil productivity and erosion control, the effect of topsoil loss on soil productivity, and biological methods of weed, disease, and insect control; (2) identify which of such reports provide useful information and make such useful reports available to farmers and ranchers; and (3) identify gaps in such information and carry out a research program to fill such gaps. RESEARCH PROJECTS

7 USC 4705.

Studies.

SEC. 1465. (a) Subject to section 1468, in cooperation with Federal and State research agencies and agriculture^ producers, the Secretary shall conduct such research projects as are needed to obtain data, draw conclusions, and demonstrate technologies necessary to promote the purposes of this subtitle. (b) In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary shall conduct projects and studies in areas that are broadly representative of United States agricultural production, inclu(Ung production on small farms. (c) In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary may conduct research projects involving crops, soils, production methods, and weed, insect, and disease pests on individual fields or other areas of land. (d) In the case of a research project conducted under this section that involves the planting of a sequence of crops, the Secretary shall conduct such project for a term of— (1) at least 5 years; and (2) to the extent practicable, 12 to 15 years. (e)(1) In coordination with the Extension Service and State cooperative extension services, the Secretary shall take such steps as are necessary to ensure that farmers and ranchers are aware of projects conducted under this section. (2) The Secretary shall ensure that such projects are open for public observation at specified times.

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(f)(l) Subject to paragraph (2), the Secretary may indemnify an operator of a project conducted under this section for damage incurred or undue losses sustained as a result of a rigid requirement of research or demonstration under such project that is not experienced in normal farming operations. (2) An indemnity payment under paragraph (1) shall be subject to any agreement between a project grantee and operator entered into prior to the initiation of such project. COORDINATION

SEC. 1466. The Secretary shall— (1) establish a panel of experts consisting of representatives of the Agricultural Research Service, Cooperative State Research Service, Soil Conservation Service, Extension Service, State cooperative extension services. State agricultural experiment stations, and other specialists in agricultural research and technology transfer; and (2) ensure that a research project under this subtitle is designed after taking into consideration the views of such panel.

7 USC 4706.

REPORTS

SEC. 1467. The Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate— (1) not later than 180 days after the effective date of this subtitle, a report describing the design of research projects established in accordance with sections 1465 and 1466; (2) not later than 15 months after the effective date of this subtitle, a report describing the results of the program carried out under section 1464; and (3) not later than April 1, 1987, and each April 1 thereafter, a report describing the progress of projects conducted under this subtitle, including— (A) a summary and analysis of data collected under such projects; and (B) recommendations based on such data for new basic or applied research.

7 USC 4707.

Ante, p. 1564; supra. Ante, p. 1564.

AGREEMENTS

SEC. 1468. The Secretary may carry out sections 1464 and 1465 through agreements with land-grant colleges or universities, other universities. State Eigricultural experiment stations, nonprofit organizations, or Federal or State governmental entities, that have demonstrated appropriate expertise in agricultural research and technology transfer.

Schools and colleges. 7 U ^ 4708.

DISSEMINATION OF DATA

SEC. 1469. The Secretary shall— (1) make available through the Extension Service and State cooperative extension services— (A) the information and research reports identified under section 1464; and (B) the information and conclusions resulting from any research project conducted under section 1465; and

7 USC 4709.

Schools and colleges.

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PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985 (2) otherwise take such steps as are necessary to ensure that such material is made available to the public. AUTHORIZATION FOR APPROPRIATIONS

7 USC 4710.

SEC. 1470. There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out this subtitle, to remain available until expended. EFFECTIVE DATE

7 USC 4701 note.

SEC. 1471. This subtitle shall become effective on October 1, 1985. TITLE XV—FOOD STAMP AND RELATED PROVISIONS Subtitle A—Food Stamp Provisions PUBLICLY OPERATED COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH CENTERS

SEC. 1501. (a) Section 3 of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2012) is amended by— (1) in subsection (f), striking out "which" and all that follows through "providing" and inserting in lieu thereof ", or a publicly operated community mental health center, under part B of title XIX of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 300x et seq.) to provide"; and (2) inserting ", or a publicly operated community mental health center,' after "private nonprofit institution" in the last sentence of subsection (i). (b) Section 10 of such Act (7 U.S.C. 2019) is amended by inserting "publicly operated community mental health centers or" after "purchased, and". DETERMINATION OF FOOD SALES VOLUME

SEC. 1502. Section 3(k) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2012(k)) is amended by inserting after "food sales volume" in clause (1) the following: ", as determined by visual inspection, sales records, purchase records, or other inventory or accounting recordkeeping methods that are customary or reasonable in the retail food industry,". THRIFTY FOOD PLAN

SEC. 1503. The first sentence of section 3(o) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2012(o)) is amended by striking out "fifty-four^' and inserting in lieu thereof "fifty". DEFINITIONS OF THE DISABLED

42 USC I382e. 42 USC 1381.

SEC. 1504. Section 3(r) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2012(r)) is amended by C inserting before the semicolon at the end of paragraph (2) D the following: ", federally or State administered supplemental benefits of the t3rpe described in section 1616(a) of the Social Security Act if the Secretary determines that such benefits are conditioned on meeting the disability or blindness criteria used under title XVI of the Social Security Act, or federally or State administered supplemental benefits of the type described in section 212(a) of Public Law 93-66 (42 U.S.C. 1382 note)";

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(2) inserting before the semicolon at the end of paragraph (3) the following: "or receives disability retirement benefits from a governmental agency because of a disability considered permanent under section 221(i) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 421(i))"; (3) inserting "or non-service-connected" after "service-connected" in paragraph (4)(A); (4) striking out "or" at the end of paragraph (5); (5) striking out the period at the end of paragraph (6) and inserting in lieu thereof "; or"; and (6) adding at the end thereof the following: "(7) is an individual receiving an annuity under section 2(a)(l)(iv) or 2(a)(l)(v) of the Railroad Retirement Act of 1974 (45 U.S.C. 231a(a)(l)(iv) or 231a(a)(l)(v)), if the individual's service as an employee under the Railroad Retirement Act of 1974, after December 31, 1936, had been included in the term 'employment' as defined in the Social Security Act, and if an application for 42 USC 1305. disability benefits had been filed.". STATE AND LOCAL SALES TAXES

SEC. 1505. (a) Section 4(a) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2013(a)) is amended by inserting before the period at the end of the first sentence the following: ", except that a State may not participate in the food stamp program if the Secretary determines that State or local sales taxes are collected within that State on purchases of food made with coupons issued under this Act". (b)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendment made by subsection (a) shall take effect with respect to a State beginning on the first day of the fiscal year that commences in the calendar year during which the first regular session of the legislature of such State is convened following the date of enactment of this Act. (2) Upon a showing by a State, to the satisfaction of the Secretary, that the application of paragraph (1), without regard to this paragraph, would have an adverse and disruptive effect on the administration of the food stamp program in such State or would provide inadequate time for retail stores to implement changes in sales tax policy required as a result of the amendment made by subsection (a), the Secretary may delay the effective date of subsection (a) with respect to such State to a date not later than October 1, 1987.

Effective date. 7 USC 2013 note.

RELATION OF FOOD STAMP AND COMMODITY DISTRIBUTION PROGRAMS

SEC. 1506. Section 4(b) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2013(b)) is amended by— (1) striking out the first sentence; and (2) striking out "also" in the second sentence. CATEGORICAL ELIGIBILITY

SEC. 1507. (a)(1) Section 5(a) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2014) is amended by inserting after the first sentence the following: "Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Act except sections 6(b), 6(d)(2), and 6(g) and the third sentence of section 3(i), and during the period beginning on the date of the enactment of the Food Security Act of 1985 and ending on September 30, 1989, households in which each member receives benefits under a State plan approved under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act,

Blind persons. Disabled Persons. Post, pp. 1572, 1573; an^, p. 1566. 42 USC 601.

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42 USC 1381. 42 USC 301, 1201, 1351. Prohibition. 7 USC 2014 note. Prohibition.

Ante, p. 1567.

7 USC 2014 note.

Report.

PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985

supplemental security income benefits under title XVI of the Social Security Act, or aid to the aged, blind, or disabled under title I, X, XIV, or XVI of the Social Security Act, shall be eligible to participate in the food stamp program.". (2) During the period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act and ending on September 30, 1989, section 5(j) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2014(j)) shall not apply. (b) Section ll(i) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2020(i)) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following: "No household shall have its application to participate in the food stamp program denied nor its benefits under the food stamp program terminated solely on the basis that its application to participate has been denied or its benefits have been terminated under any of the programs carried out under the statutes specified in the second sentence of section 5(a) and without a separate determination by the State agency that the household fails to satisfy the eligibility requirements for participation in the food stamp program.". (c) Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall— (1) evaluate the implementation of the second sentence of section 5(a) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977, as amended by subsection (a) of this section; and (2) submit to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives a report summarizing the results of such evaluation. THIRD PARTY PAYMENTS

Post, p. 1569.

State and local governments.

Prohibition.

Regulations.

SEC. 1508. Section 5 of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2014) is amended by— (1) inserting "except as provided in subsection (k)," after "household," in subsection (d)(D; and (2) adding at the end thereof the following new subsection: "(k)(1) For purposes of subsection (d)(D, except as provided in paragraph (2), assistance provided to a third party on behalf of a household by a State or local government shall be considered money payable directly to the household if the assistance is provided in lieu of— "(A) a regular benefit payable to the household for living expenses under a State plan for aid to families with dependent children approved under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.); or "(B) a benefit payable to the household for living expenses under— "(i) a State or local general assistance program; or "(ii) another basic assistance program comparable to general assistance (as determined by the Secretary). "(2) Paragraph (1) shall not apply to— "(A) medical assistance; "(B) child care assistance; "(C) energy assistance; "(D) assistance provided by a State or local housing authority; or "(E) emergency and special assistance, to the extent excluded in regulations prescribed by the Secretary.".

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EXCLUDED INCOME

SEC. 1509. (a) Section 5(d) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2014(d)), as amended by section 1508, is amended by— (1) inserting "and except as provided in subsection (k)," after the comma at the end of clause (1); (2) in clause (3)— (A) striking out "higher education" and inserting in lieu thereof "post-secondary education"; and (B) adding at the end thereof "and to the extent loans include any origination fees and insurance premiums,"; (3) inserting "no portion of any non-Federal educational loan on which payment is deferred, grant, scholarship, fellowship, veterans' benefits, and the like that are provided for living expenses, and no portion of any Federal educational loan on which payment is deferred, grant, scholarship, fellowship, veterans' benefits, and the like to the extent it provides income assistance beyond that used for tuition and mandatory school fees," in the proviso to clause (5) after "child care expenses,"; (4) inserting ", but household income that otherwise is included under this subsection shall be reduced by the extent that the cost of producing self-emplo3niient income exceeds the income derived from self-employment as a farmer" before the comma in clause (9); (5) inserting "except as otherwise provided in subsection (k) of this section" after "food stamp program" in clause (10). (b) Section 5(k) of such Act, as added by section 1508, is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new paragraph: "(3) For purposes of subsection (d)(D, educational loans on which payment is deferred, grants, scholarships, fellowships, veterans' educational benefits, and the like that are provided to a third party on behalf of a household for living expenses shall be treated as money payable directly to the household.. (c) Section 5 of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2014), as amended by section 1508, is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new subsection: "(1) Notwithstanding section 142(b) of the Job Training Partnership Act (29 U.S.C. 1552(b)), earnings to individuals participating in on-the-job training programs under section 204(5) of the Job Training Partnership Act shall be considered earned income for purposes of the food stamp program, except for dependents less than 19 years of age.".

Ante, p. 1568;

Loans. Prohibition. Loans. Grants.

Loans. Grants.

29 USC 1604.

CHILD SUPPORT PAYMENTS

SEC. 1510. Section 5 of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2014), as amended by sections 1508 and 1509— (1) in subsection (d) by— (A) striking out "and" at the end of clause (11); and (B) inserting before the period at the end thereof the following: ", and (13) at the option of a State agency and subject to subsection (m), child support payments that are excluded under section 402(a)(8)(A)(vi) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 602(a)(8)(A)(vi))"; and 98 Stat. 1146. (2) adding at the end thereof the following new subsection: "(m) If a State agency excludes payments from income for purposes of the food stamp program under subsection (d)(13), such State agency shall pay to the Federal Government, in a manner pre-

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scribed by the Secretary, the cost of any additional benefits provided to households in such State that arise under such program as the result of such exclusion.". DEDUCTIONS FROM INCOME

Effective date. Effective date. Prohibitions. District of Columbia. Alaska. Hawaii. Guam. Virgin Islands.

SEC. 1511. Section 5(e) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2014(e)) is amended by— (1) in the second sentence, striking out "homeownership component" and inserting in lieu thereof "homeowners' costs and maintenance and repair component"; (2) effective May 1, 1986, in the third sentence, striking out "18" and inserting in lieu thereof "20"; (3) effective May 1, 1986, amending the fourth sentence by— (A) amending the proviso to clause (2) to read as follows: ": Provided, That the amount of such excess shelter expense deduction shall not exceed $147 a month in the forty-eight contiguous States and the District of Columbia, and shall not exceed, in Alaska, Hawaii, Guam, and the Virgin Islands of the United States, $256, $210, $179, and $109 a month, respectively, adjusted on October 1, 1986, and on each October 1 thereafter, to the nearest lower dollar increment to reflect changes in the shelter (exclusive of homeowners' costs and maintenance and repair component of shelter costs), fuel, and utilities components of housing costs in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics, as appropriately adjusted by the Bureau of Labor Statistics after consultation with the Secretary, for the twelve months ending the preceding June 30,"; (B) in clause (1), striking out "the same as" and all that follows through "clause (2) of this subsection", and inserting in lieu thereof "$160 a month"; (C) striking out ", or (2)" and inserting in lieu thereof "and (2)"; and (D) striking out ", or (3)" and all that follows down to the period at the end thereof; and (4) after the seventh sentence, inserting the following: "If a State agency elects to use a standard utility allowance that reflects heating or cooling costs, it shall be made available to households receiving a pa3anent, or on behalf of which a payment is made, under the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act of 1981 (42 U.S.C. 8621 et seq.) or other similar energy assistance program, provided that the household still incurs out-of-pocket heating or cooling expenses. A State agency may use a separate standard utility allowance for households on behalf of which such payment is made, but may not be required to do so. A State agency not electing to use a separate allowance, and making a single standard utility allowance available to households incurring heating or cooling expenses (other than households described in the sixth sentence of this subsection) may not be required to reduce such allowance due to the provision (direct or indirect) of assistance under the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act of 1981. For purposes of the food stamp program, assistance provided under the Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Act of 1981 shall be considered to be prorated over the entire heating or cooling season for which it

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was provided. A State agency shall allow a household to switch between any standard utility allowance and a deduction based on its actual utility costs at the end of any certification period and up to one additional time during each twelve-month period.. INCOME FROM SELF-EMPLOYMENT

SEC. 1512. Section 5(f)(l)(A) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2014(f)(l)(A)) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following: "Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, if the averaged amount does not accurately reflect the household's actual monthly circumstances because the household has experienced a substantial increase or decrease in business earnings, the State agency shall calculate the self-employment income based on anticipated earnings.". RETROSPECTIVE BUDGETING AND MONTHLY REPORTING SIMPUFICATION

SEC. 1513. (a) Section 5(fK2) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2014(fK2)) is amended by— (1) amending subparagraph (A) to read as follows: "(A) Household income for— "(i) migrant farmworker households, and "(ii) households— "(I) that have no earned income, and "(ID in which all adult members are elderly or disabled members, shall be calculated on a prospective basis, as provided in paragraph (3)(A)."; (2) in subparagraph (B)— (A) striking out "(i)"; (B) inserting "the first sentence o f after "under" the first place it appears; and (C) striking out "(ii)" and all that follows through "this Act,"; and (3) striking out subparagraph (C) and inserting in lieu thereof the following: "(C) Except as provided in subparagraphs (A) and (B), household income for households that have earned income and for households that include any member who has recent work history shall be calculated on a retrospective basis as provided in paragraph (3)(B). "(D) Household income for all other households may be calculated, at the option of the State agency, on a prospective basis as provided in paragraph (3)(A) or on a retrospective basis as provided in paragraph (3)(B).". (b) Section 6(c)(l) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2015(c)(l)) is amended by— (1) amending the first sentence to read as follows: "State agencies shall require households with respect to which household income is determined on a retrospective basis under section 5(fK2XC) of this Act to file periodic reports of household Supra. circumstances in accordance with standards prescribed by the Secretary, except that a State agency may, with the prior approval of the Secretary, select categories of households (including all such households) that may report at specified less frequent intervals on a showing by the State agency, which is satisfactory to the Secretary, that to require households in such

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Ante, p. 1571.

PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985 categories to report monthly would result in unwarranted expenditures for administration of this subsection."; and (2) inserting after the second sentence the following: "State agencies may require households, other than households with respect to which household income is required by section 5(fK2XA) to be calculated on a prospective basis, to file periodic reports of household circumstances in accordance with the standards prescribed by the Secretary under the preceding provisions of this paragraph.". RESOURCES LIMITATION

Effective date.

Real property.

SEC. 1514. Section 5(g) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2014(g)) is amended by— (1) effective May 1, 1986, in the first sentence, striking out "$1,500, or, in the case of a household consisting of two or more persons, one of whom is age 60 or over, if its resources exceed $3,000" and inserting in lieu thereof "$2,000, or, in the case of a household which consists of or includes a member who is 60 years of age or older, if its resources exceed $3,000"; (2) in the second sentence— (A) inserting "and inaccessible resources" after "relating to licensed vehicles"; and (B) after "physically disabled household member" inserting "guid any other property, real or personal, to the extent that it is directly related to the maintenance or use of such vehicle"; and (3) adding at the end thereof the following: "The Secretary shall exclude from financial resources the value of a burial plot for each member of a household.". DISASTER TASK FORCE

SEC. 1515. Section 5(h)(2) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2014(h)(2)) is amended to read as follows: "(2) The Secretary shall— "(A) establish a Food Stamp Disaster Task Force to assist States in implementing and operating the disaster program and the regular food stamp program in the disaster area; and "(B) if the Secretary, in the Secretary's discretion, determines that it is cost-effective to send members of the Task Force to the disaster area, the Secretary shall send them to such area as soon as possible after the disaster occurs to provide direct assistance to State and local officials.". ELIGIBILITY DISQUAUFICATIONS

Ante, p. 1571. Prohibition.

SEC. 1516. Section 6 of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2015) is amended by— (1) in the first sentence of subsection (d)(D— (A) striking out "no household shall be eligible for assistance under this Act if it includes a" and inserting in lieu thereof "(A) no person shall be eligible to participate in the food stamp program who is"; (B) by striking out "eighteen" in the matter preceding clause (i) of the first sentence and inserting in lieu thereof "sixteen";

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99 STAT. 1573

(C) striking out all that follows "(iii)" through "days; or (iv)"; and (D) inserting before the period at the end thereof the Prohibition, following: "; and (B) no household shall be eligible to participate in the food stamp program (i) if the head of the household is a physically and mentally fit person between the ages of sixteen and sixty and such individual refuses to do any of those acts described in clause (A) of this sentence, or (ii) if the head of the household voluntarily quits any job without good cause, but, in such case, the period of ineligibility shall be ninety days"; (2) adding at the end of subsection (d)(1) the following: "Any period of ineligibility for violations under this paragraph shall end when the household member who committed the violation complies with the requirement that has been violated. If the household member who committed the violation leaves the household during the period of ineligibility, such household shall no longer be subject to sanction for such violation and, if it is otherwise eligible, may resume participation in the food stamp program, but any other household of which such person thereafter becomes the head of the household shall be ineligible for the balance of the period of ineligibility."; (3) in subsection (d)(2) by— (A) striking out "or" at end of clause (D); (B) inserting before the period at the end thereof the following: "; or (F) a person between the ages of sixteen and eighteen who is not a head of a household or who is attending school, or enrolled in an employment training program, on at least a half-time basis"; and (4) inserting at the end of clause (2) of subsection (e) the following: "or is an individual who is not assigned to or placed in an institution of higher learning through a program under the Job Training Partnership Act,"; and 29 USC 1501 (5) in clause (2) of subsection (f)— "^ote. (A) striking out "section 203(a)(7)" and "(8 U.S.C. 1153(a)(7))" in subclause (D) and inserting in lieu thereof "sections 207 and 208" and "(8 U.S.C. 1157 and 1158)", respectively; (B) striking out "because of persecution" and all that follows through "natural calamity" in subclause (D); (C) striking out "because of the judgment of the Attorney General" and all that follows in subclause (F) through "political opinion". EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING PROGRAM

SEC. 1517. (a) Section 6(d) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2015(d)) is amended by— (1) amending clause (A)(ii) of paragraph (1) to read as follows: "(ii) refuses without good cause to participate in an employment and training program under paragraph (4), to the extent required under paragraph (4), including any resisonable employment requirements as are prescribed by the State sigency in accordance with paragraph (4), and the period of ineligibility shall be two months;"; and (2) adding at the end thereof the following:

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 99 STAT. 1574

Prohibition. 42 USC 602.

Workfare. 7 USC 2029.

Environmental protection. Safety.

PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985

"(4)(A) Not later than April 1, 1987, each State agency shall implement an employment and training program designed by the State agency and approved by the Secretary for the purpose of assisting members of households participating in the food stamp program in gaining skills, training, or experience that will increase their ability to obtain regular employment. "(B) For purposes of this Act, an 'employment and training program' means a program that contains one or more of the following components: "(i) Job search programs with terms and conditions comparable to those prescribed in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 402(a)(35) of part A of title IV of the Social Security Act, except that the State agency shall have no obligation to incur costs exceeding $25 per participant per month, as provided in subparagraph (B)(vi), and the State agency shall retain the option to apply employment requirements prescribed under this clause to program applicants at the time of application. "(ii) Job search training programs that include, to the extent determined appropriate by the State agency, reasonable job search training and support activities that may consist of jobs skills assessments, job finding clubs, training in techniques for employability, job placement services, or other direct training or support activities, including educational programs, determined by the State agency to expand the job search abilities or employability of those subject to the program. (iii) Workfare programs operated under section 20. "(iv) Programs designed to improve the employability of household members through actual work experience or training, or both, and to enable individuals employed or trained under such programs to move promptly into regular public or private employment. An employment or training experience program established under this clause shall— "(I) limit employment experience assignments to projects that serve a useful public purpose in fields such as health, social services, environmental protection, urban and rural development and redevelopment, welfare, recreation, public facilities, public safety, and day care; "(II) to the extent possible, use the prior training, experience, and skills of the participating member in making appropriate employment or training experience assignments; "(III) not provide any work that has the effect of replacing the employment of an individual not participating in the employment or training experience program; and "(IV) provide the same benefits and working conditions that are provided at the job site to employees performing comparable work for comparable hours, "(v) As approved by the Secretary, other programs, projects, and experiments, such as a supported work program, aimed an accomplishing the purpose of the employment and training program. "(C) The State agency may provide that participation in an employment and training program may supplement or supplant other employment-related requirements imposed on those subject to the program. "(D)(i) Each State agency may exempt from any requirement for participation in any program under this paragraph categories of

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99 STAT. 1575

household members to which the application of such participation requirement is impracticable as applied to such categories due to factors such as the availability of work opportunities and the costeffectiveness of the employment requirements. In making such a determination, the State agency may designate a category consisting of all such household members residing in a specific area of the State. Each State may exempt, with the approval of the Secretary, members of households that have participated in the food stamp program 30 days or less. "(ii) Each State agency may exempt from any requirement for participation individual household members not included in any category designated as exempt under clause (i) but with respect to whom such participation is impracticable because of personal circumstances such as lack of job readiness and employability, the remote location of work opportunities, and unavailability of child care. "(iii) Any exemption of a category or individual under this subparagraph shall be periodically evaluated to determine whether, on the basis of the factors used to make a determination under clauses (i) or (ii), the exemption continues to be valid. Such evaluations shall occur no less often than at each certification or recertiflcation in the case of exemptions under clause (ii). "(E) Each State agency shall establish requirements for participation by individuals not exempt under subparagraph (D) in one or more emplo3ment and training programs under this paragraph, including the extent to which any individual is required to participate. Such requirements may vary among participants. "(F)(i) The total hours of work in an employment and training program carried out under this paragraph required of members of a household, together with the hours of work of such members in any program carried out under section 20, in any month collectively may not exceed a number of hours equal to the household's allotment for such month divided by the higher of the applicable State minimum wage or Federal minimum hourly rate under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938. "(ii) The total hours of participation in such program required of any member of a household, individually, in any month, together with any hours worked in another program carried out under section 20 and any hours worked for compensation (in cash or in kind) in any other capacity, shall not exceed one hundred and twenty hours per month. "(G)(i) The State agency may operate any program component under this paragraph in which individuals elect to participate. "(ii) The State agency shall permit, to the extent it determines practicable, individuals not subject to requirements imposed under subparagraph (E) or who have complied, or are in the process of complying, with such requirements to participate in any program under this paragraph. "(H) The State agency shall reimburse participants in programs carried out under this paragraph, including those participating under subparagraph (G), for the actual costs of transportation, and other actual costs, that are reasonably necessary and directly related to participation in the program, except that the State agency may limit such reimbursement to each participant to $25 per month. "(I) The Secretary shall promulgate guidelines that (i) enable State, agencies, to the maximum extent practicable, to design and operate an employment and training program that is compatible

Prohibition, 7 USC 2029.

29 USC 201. Prohibition.

Transportation.

Indians.

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PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985

and consistent with similar programs operated within the State, and (ii) ensure, to the maximum extent practicable, that employment and training programs are provided for Indians on reservations. "(J)(i) For any fiscal year, the Secretary shall establish performance standards for each State that, in the case of persons who are subject to employment requirements under this section and who are not exempt under subparagraph (D), designate the minimum percentages (not to exceed 50 percent through September 30, 1989) of such persons that State agencies shall place in programs under this paragraph. Such standards need not be uniform for all the States, but may vary among the several States. The Secretary shall consider the cost to the States in setting performance standards and the degree of participation in progrsuns under this paragraph by exempt persons. "(ii) In making any determination as to whether a State agency has met a performance standard under clause (i), the Secretary shall— "(I) consider the extent to which persons have elected to participate in programs under this paragraph; "(II) consider such factors as placement in unsubsidized employment, increases in earnings, and reduction in the number of persons participating in the food stamp program; and "(III) consider other factors determined by the Secretary to be related to employment and training, "(iii) The Secretary shall vary the performance stamdards established under clause (i) according to differences in the characteristics of persons required to participate and the type of progrgim to which the standard is applied. "(iv) The Secretary may delay establishing performance standards for up to 18 months after national implementation of the provisions of this paragraph, in order to baSe performance standards on State agency experience in implementing this paragraph. "(K)(i) The Secretary shall ensure that State agencies comply with 7 USC 2020 note, the requirements of this paragraph and section ll(e)(22). "(ii) If^ the Secretary determines that a State agency has failed, without good cause, to comply with such a requirement, including any failure to meet a performance standard under subparagraph (J), the Secretary may withhold from such State, in accordance with 7 USC 2025. section 16(a), (c), and (h), such funds as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, subject to administrative and judicial review under 7 USC 2023. section 14. "(L) The facilities of the State public employment offices and agencies operating programs under the Job Training Partnership 29 USC 1501 Act may be used to find employment and training opportunities for note. household members under the programs under this paragraph.". 0)) Section 11(e) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2020(e)) is amended by— (1) striking out "and" at the end of paragraph (20); (2) striking out the period at the end of paragraph (21) and inserting in lieu thereof "; and"; and (3) adding at the end thereof the following: "(22) the plans of the State agency for carrying out employAnte, pp. 1572, ment and training programs under section 6(d)(4), including the 1573. nature and extent of such p r c ^ a m s, the geographic areas and households to be covered under such program, and the basis, including any cost information, for exemptions of categories and

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99 STAT. 1577

individuals and for the choice of employment and training program components reflected in the plans.". (c) Section 16 of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2025) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following: "(h)(1) The Secretary shall allocate among the State agencies in each fiscal year, from funds appropriated for such fiscal year under section 18(a)(l), the amount of $40,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1986, $50,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1987, $60,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1988, and $75,000,000 for each of the fiscal years ending September 30, 1989 and September 30, 1990, to carry out the employment and training program under section 6(d)(4), except as provided in para- Ante, pp. 1572, 1573. graph (3), during such fiscal year. "(2) If, in carrying out such program during such fiscal year, a State agency incurs costs that exceed the amount allocated to the State agency under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall pay such State agency an amount equal to 50 per centum of such additional costs, subject to the first limitation in paragraph (3). "(3) The Secretary shall also reimburse each State agency in an Transportation. amount equal to 50 per centum of the total amount of payments Prohibition. made or costs incurred by the State agency in connection with transportation costs and other expenses reasonably necessary and directly related to participation in an employment and training program under section 6(d)(4), except that such total amount shall not exceed an amount representing $25 per participant per month and such reimbursement shall not be made out of funds allocated under paragraph (1). "(4) Funds provided to a State agency under this subsection may Prohibition be used only for operating an employment and training program under section 6(d)(4), and may not be used for carrying out other provisions of the Act. "(5)(A) The Secretary shall monitor the employment and training programs carried out by State agencies under section 6(d)(4) to measure their effectiveness in terms of the increase in the numbers of household members who obtain employment and the numbers of such members who retain such employment as a result of their participation in such employment and training programs. "(B) The Secretary shall, not later than Jginuary 1, 1989, report to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate on the effectiveness of such employment and training programs.". (d) Subsection (b) of section 20 of such Act (7 U.S.C. 2029(b)) is amended to read as follows: "(b)(l) A household member shall be exempt from workfare Workfare. requirements imposed under this section if such member is— "(A) exempt from section 6(d)(l) as the result of clause (B), (C), (D), (E), or (F) of section 6(d)(2); "(B) at the option of the operating agency, subject to and currently actively and satisfactorily participating at least 20 hours a week in a work training program required under title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.); "(C) mentally or physically unfit; "(D) under sixteen years of age; "(E) sixty years of age or older; or

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 99 STAT. 1578

42 USC 601.

Prohibition.

PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985

"(F) a parent or other caretaker of a child in a household in which another member is subject to the requirements of this section or is employed fuUtime. "(2)(A) Subject to subparagraphs (B) and (C), in the case of a household that is exempt from work requirements imposed under this Act as the result of participation in a community work experience program established under section 409 of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 609), the maximum number of hours in a month for which all members of such household may be required to participate in such progrsun shall equal the residt obtained by dividing— "(i) the amount of assistance paid to such household for such month under title IV of such Act, together with the value of the food stamp allotment of such household for such month; by "(ii) the higher of the Federal or State minimum wage in effect for such month. "(B) In no event may any such member be required to participate in such program more than 120 hours per month. "(C) For the purpose of subparagraph (A)(i), the value of the food stamp allotment of a household for a month shall be determined in accordance with r^ulations governing the issuance of an allotment to a household that contains more members than the number of members in an assistance unit established under title IV of such Act.". STAGGERING OF COUPON ISSUANCE

SEC. 1518. Section 7 of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2016) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following: "(h)(1) The State agency may implement a procedure for staggering the issuance of coupons to eligible households throughout the entire month: Provided, That the procedure ensures that, in the transition period from other issuance procedures, no eligible household experiences an interval between coupon issuances of more than 40 days, either through regular issuances by the State agency or through supplemental issuances. "(2) For any eligible household that applies for participation in the food stamp program during the last fifteen days of a month and is issued benefits within that period, coupons shall be issued for the first full month of participation by the the eighth day of the first full month of participation.". ALTERNATIVE MEANS OF COUPON ISSUANCE

SEC. 1519. Section 7(g)(l) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2016(g)(l)) is amended by striking out "may" in the matter preceding clause (A) and inserting in lieu thereof "shall". SIMPUFIED APPLICATIONS AND STANDARDIZED BENEFITS

Ante, p. 1567.

SEC. 1520. Section 8 of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2017) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new subsection: "(e)(1) The Secretary may permit not more than five statewide projects (upon the request of a State) and not more than five projects m political subdivisions of States (upon the request of a State or political subdivision) to operate a p n ^ a m under which a household shall be considered to have satisfied the application requirements prescribed under section 5(a) and the income and resource require-

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99 STAT. 1579

ments prescribed under subsections (d) through (g) of section 5 if such household— "(A) includes one or more members who are recipients of— "(i) aid to families with dependent children under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.); "(ii) supplemental security income under title XVI of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1381 et seq.); or "(iii) medical assistance under title XIX of such Act (42 U.S.C. 1396 et seq.); and "(B) has an income that does not exceed the applicable income standard of eligibility described in section 5(c). "(2) Except as provided in paragraph (3), a State or political subdivision that elects to operate a program under this subsection shall base the value of an allotment provided to a household under subsection (a) on— "(A)(i) the size of the household; and "(iiXI) benefits paid to such household under a State plan for aid to families with dependent children approved under part A of title IV of the Social Security Act; or "(II) the income standard of eligibility for medical assistance under title XIX of such Act; or "(B) at the option of the State or political subdivision, the standard of need for such size household under the programs referred to in clause (A)(ii). "(3) The Secretary shall adjust the value of allotments received by households under a program operated under this subsection to ensure that the average allotment by household size for households participating in such program and receiving such aid to families with dependent children, such supplemental security income, or such medical assistance, as the case may be, is not less than the average allotment that would have been provided under this Act but for the operation of this subsection, for each category of households, respectively, in a State or political subdivision, for any period during which such program is in operation. "(4) The Secretary shall evaluate the impact of programs operated under this subsection on recipient households, administrative costs, and error rates. "(5) The administrative costs of such programs shall be shared in accordance with section 16. "(6) In implementing this section, the Secretary shall consult with the Secretary of Health and Human Services to ensure that to the extent practicable, in the case of households participating in such programs, the processing of applications for, and determinations of eligibility to receive, food stamp benefits are simplified and are unified with the processing of applications for, and determinations of eligibility to receive, benefits under such titles of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 601 et seq.).".

Ante, pp. 15691572.

Ante, p. 1577.

DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION SUBMITTED BY RETAIL STORES

SEC. 1521. Section 9(c) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2018(c)) is amended by inserting before the period at the end of the second sentence the following: ", except that such information may be disclosed to and used by State agencies that administer the special supplemental food program for women, infants and children, authorized under section 17 of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966, for

Women. Children. Regulations.

42 USC 1786.

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PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985

purposes of administering the provisions of that Act and the regulations issued under that Act". CREDIT UNIONS

Ante, p. 1566. 12 USC 1751.

SEC. 1522. Section 10 of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2019), as amended by section 1501, is amended by— (1) inserting ", or which are insured under the Federal Credit Union Act and have retail food stores or wholesale food concerns in their field of membership" after "Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation" the first place it appears; and (2) inserting "or the Federal Credit Union Act" after "Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation" the second place it appears. CHARGES FOR REDEMPTION OF COUPONS

Prohibition. Ante, p. 1566; supra.

Regulations.

SEC. 1523, (a) Section 10 of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2019), as amended by sections 1501 and 1522, is amended by adding at the end thereof the following: "No financial institution may impose on or collect from a retail food store a fee or other charge for the redemption of coupons that are submitted to the financial institution in a manner consistent with the requirements, other than any requirements relating to cancellation of coupons, for the presentation of coupons by financial institutions to the Federal Reserve banks.". Q3) The Secretary of Agriculture, in consultation with the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, shall issue regulations implementing the amendment made by subsection (a). HOURS OF OPERATION

Ante. p. 1577.

SEC. 1524. Section 16(b)(1) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2025(b)(l)) is amended by inserting ", including standards for the periodic review of the hours that food stamp offices are open during the day, week, or month to ensure that employed individuals are adequately served by the food stamp program," after "States". CERTIFICATION OF INFORMATION

Ante, p. 1566; infra.

SEC. 1525. Section ll(e)(2) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2020(e)(2)) is further amended by adding at the end thereof the following: "One adult member of a household that is applying for a coupon allotment shall be required to certify in writing, under penalty of perjury, the truth of the information contained in the application for the allotment;". FRAUD D E T E C T I O N

Supra.

SEC. 1526. Section 11(e) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2020(e)), as amended by sections 1517 and 1525, is further amended by adding at the end thereof the following new paragraph: "(23) in a project area in which 5,000 or more households participate in the food stamp program, for the establishment and operation of a unit for the detection of fraud in the food stamp program, including the investigation, and assistance in the prosecution, of such fraud; and"..,„.,,..,,.a«».4;...^...^

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99 STAT. 1581

VERIFICATION

SEC. 1527. Section ll(e)(3) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2020(e)(3)) is amended by— Ante, pp. 1566, (1) striking out "only" after "verification"; 1580. (2) inserting ", household size (in any case such size is questionable)," after "Act)"; and (3) striking out "any factors" and all that follows through "by the Secretary" and inserting in lieu thereof "such other eligibility factors as the State agency determines are necessary". PHOTOGRAPHIC IDENTIFICATION CARDS

SEC. 1528. Section ll(e)(16) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2020(e)(16)) is amended by C striking out "last sentence" and inserting in lieu thereof D "fourth sentence"; (2) inserting "and would be cost effective" after "integrity"; (3) striking out the semicolon at the end thereof and inserting in lieu thereof a period; and (4) adding at the end thereof the following: "The State agency may permit a member of a household to comply with this paragraph by presenting a photographic identification card used to receive assistance under a welfare or public assistance program;". ELIGIBILITY OF THE HOMELESS

SEC. 1529. Section ll(e)(2) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2020(e)(2)), as amended by section 1525, is amended by C striking out the semicolon at the end thereof and inserting D in lieu thereof a period; and (2) adding at the end thereof the following: "The State agency shall provide a method of certifying and issuing coupons to eligible households that do not reside in permanent dwellings or who do not have fixed mailing addresses. In carrying out the preceding sentence, the State agency shall take such steps as are necessary to ensure that participation in the food stamp program is limited to eligible households.". EXPANDED FOOD AND NUTRITION EDUCATION PROGRAM

SEC. 1530. Section 11(f) of the Food Stamp Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 2020(f)) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following: "State agencies shall encourage food stamp progreun participants to participate in the expanded food and nutrition education program conducted under section 3(d) of the Act of May 8, 1914 (7 U.S.C. 343(d)), commonly known as the Smith-Lever Act and any program Ante, p. 1557. established under sections 1584 through 1588 of the Food Security Act of 1985. At the request of personnel of such education program. Post, pp. 1596, State agencies, wherever practicable, shall allow personnel and 1^97. information materials of such education program to be placed in food stamp offices.".

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