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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 80 Part 1.djvu/1033

 80 STAT. ]

PUBLIC LAW 89-687-OCT. 15, 1966

997

Defense SEC. 634. No part of the funds appropriated herein shall be avail tractors. conable for paying the costs of advertising by any defense contractor, Advertising except advertising for which payment is made from profits, and such tion. P^°^'^^'=°^'^' advertising shall not be considered a part of any defense contract cost. The prohibition contained in this section shall not apply with respect to advertising conducted by any such contractor, in compliance with regulations which shall be promulgated by the Secretary of Defense, solely for (1) the recruitment by that contractor of personnel required for the performance by the contractor of obligations arising under a defense contract, (2) the procurement of scarce items required by the contractor for the performance of a defense contract, or (3) the disposal of scrap or surplus materials acquired by the contractor in the performance of a defense contract. SEC. 635. Funds appropriated in this Act for maintenance and repair Facilities, „ „.,..

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oi lacihties and installations shall not be available tor acquisition of repair. new facilities, or alteration, expansion, extension, or addition of existing facilities, as defined in Department of Defense Directive 7040.2, dated January 18, 1961, in excess of $25,000: Provided, That the Secretary of Defense may amend or change the said directive during the current fiscal year, consistent with the purpose of this section. SEC. 636. During the current fiscal year, the Secretary of Defense Transfer of funds, • ( • I T

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may, it he deems it vital to the security oi the United otates and m the national interest to further improve the readiness of the Armed Forces, including the reserve components, transfer under the authority and terms of the Emergency Fund an additional $200,000,000: Provided, That the transfer authority made available under the terms of the Emergency Fund appropriation contained in this Act is hereby broadened to meet the requirements of this section: Provided further, rfssi^na\°ronv-' That the Secretary of Defense shall notify the Appropriations Com- mittees. mittees of the Congress promptly of all transfers made pursuant to this authority. SEC. 637. None of the funds appropriated in this Act may be used rnent^^in^fo^-efgn to make payments under contracts for any program, project, or activ- countries. ity in a foreign country unless the Secretary of Defense or his designee, after consultation with the Secretary of the Treasury or his designee, certifies to the Congress that the use, by purchase from the Treasury, of currencies of such country acquired pursuant to law is not feasible for the purpose, stating the reason therefor. SEC. 638. None of the funds provided herein shall be used to pay ec^'^cort'^T.^ ^'^°^" any recipient of a grant for the conduct of a research project an amount equal to as much as the entire cost of such project. SEC. 639. Only upon the approval by the Congress, through the c^m^onents?"^ enactment of law hereafter, of a realinement or reorganization of the Army Reserve Components, the Secretary may transfer the balances of appropriations made in this Act for the support of the Army Reserve Components to the extent necessary to implement such a realinement or reorganization; and the provisions in this Act establishing strengths for the Army Reserve and the Army National Guard shall cease to be effective. SEC. 640. (a) Appropriations available to the Department of De- suppor'tr™^'^ fense during the fiscal year 1967 shall be available for their stated purposes to support Vietnamese and other free world forces in Vietnam and for related costs on such terms and conditions as the Secretary of Defense may determine. (b) Within thirty days after the end of each quarter, the Secretary ^ ^ P " ' * \° '=°"n T-v J!

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Page:Descent of Man 1875.djvu/168

152 early progenitors; for it is impossible to study the figures given by Eschricht of the arrangement of the hair on the human fœtus (this being the same as in the adult) and not agree with this excellent observer that other and more complex causes have intervened. The points of convergence seem to stand in some relation to those points in the embryo which are last closed in during development. There appears, also, to exist some relation between the arrangement of the hair on the limbs, and the course of the medullary arteries.

It must not be supposed that the resemblances between man and certain apes in the above and in many other points—such as in having a naked forehead, long tresses on the head, &c.—are all necessarily the result of unbroken inheritance from a common progenitor, or of subsequent reversion. Many of these resemblances are more probably due to analogous variation, which follows, as I have elsewhere attempted to shew, from co-descended organisms having a similar constitution, and having been acted on by like causes inducing similar modifications. With respect to the similar direction of the hair on the fore-arms of man and certain monkeys, as this character is common to almost all the anthropomorphous apes, it may probably be attributed to inheritance; but this is not certain, as some very distinct American monkeys are thus characterised.

Although, as we have now seen, man has no just right to form a separate Order for his own reception, he may perhaps claim a distinct Sub-order or Family. Prof. Huxley, in his last work, divides the primates into three Sub-orders; namely, the Anthropidæ with man alone, the Simiadæ including monkeys of all kinds, and the Lemuridæ with the diversified genera of lemurs. As far as differences in certain important points of structure are concerned, man may no doubt rightly claim the rank of a Sub-order; and this rank is too low, if we look chiefly to his mental faculties. Nevertheless, from a genealogical point of view it appears that this rank is too high, and that man ought to form merely a Family, or possibly even only a Sub-family. If we imagine three lines of descent proceeding from a common stock, it is quite conceivable that two of them might after the lapse of

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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 80 Part 1.djvu/1034

 998 Working capi funds. 76 Stat. 521.

Restriction.

Short title.

PUBLIC LAW 89-688-OCT. 15, 1966

[80

STAT.

SEC. 641. During the current fiscal year, cash balances in working capital funds of the Department of Defense established pursuant to section 2208 of title 10, United States Code, may be maintained in only such amounts as are necessary at any time for cash disbursements to be made from such funds: Provided, That transfers may be made between such funds in such amounts as may be determined by the Secretary of Defense, with the approval of the Bureau of the Budget. SEC. 642. None of the funds provided in this Act shall be available for the expenses of the Special Training Enlistment Program (STEP). SEC. 643. This Act may be cited as the "Department of Defense Appropriation Act, 1967". Approved October 15, 1966.

Public Law 89-688 October 15, 1966 [H. R. 16559]

National Sea Grant College and Program Act of 1 966. Ante, p. 203.

AN ACT To amend the Marine Resources and Engineering Development Act of 1966 to authorize the establishment and operation of sea grant colleges and programs by initiating and supix)rting programs of education and research in the various fields relating to the development ot marine resources, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America In Congress as^emhled. That the Marine Resources and Engineering Development Act of 1966 is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new title: "TITLE II—SEA GEANT COLLEGES AND PROGRAMS u SHORT TITLE

"SEC. 201. This title may be cited as the 'National Sea Grant College and Program Act of 1966'. DECLARATION or

PURPOSE

"SEC. 202. The Congress hereby finds and declares— " (a) that marine resources, including animal and vegetable life and mineral wealth, constitute a far-reaching and largely untapped asset of immense potential significance to the United States; and "(b) that it is in the national interest of the United States to develop the skilled manpower, including scientists, engineer's, and technicians, and the facilities and equipment necessary for the exploitation of these resources; and "(c) that aquaculture, as with agriculture on land, and the gainful use of marine resources can substantially benefit the United States, and ultimately the people of the world, by providing greater economic opportunities, including expanded employment and commerce; the enjoyment and use of our marine resources; new sources of food; and new means for the development of marine resources; and " (d) that Federal support toward the establishment, development, and operation of programs by sea grant colleges and Federal support of other sea grant programs designed to achieve the gainful use of marine resources, offer the best means of promoting programs toward the goals set forth in clauses (a), (b), and (c), and should be undertaken by the Federal Government; and

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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 80 Part 1.djvu/1035

 80 STAT.]

PUBLIC LAW 8 9 - 6 8 8 - O C T. 15, 1966

999

"(e) that in view of the importance of achieving the earliest possible institution of significant national activities related to the development of marine resources, it is the purpose of this title to provide for the establishment of a program of sea grant colleges and education, training, and research in the fields of marine science, engineering, and related disciplines. "GRANTS AND CONTRACTS FOR SEA GRANT COIXEGES AND PROGRAMS

"SEC. 203. (a) The provisions of this title shall be administered by Administration the National Science Foundation (hereafter in this title referred to as sci^nce°Founthe'Foundation'). dation. " (b)(1) For the purjpose of carrying out this title, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Foundation for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1967, not to exceed the sum of $5,000,000, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1968, not to exceed the sum of $15,000,000, and for each subsequent fiscal year only such sums as the Congress may hereafter specifically authorize by law. "(2) Amounts appropriated under this title are authorized to I'emain available until expended. "MARINE RESOURCES

"Sec. 204. (a) I n carrying out the provisions of this title the Foundation shall (1) consult with those experts engaged in pursuits in the various fields related to the development of marine resources and with all departments and agencies of the Federal Government (including the United States Office of Education in all matters relating to education) interested in, or affected by, activities in any such fields, and (2) seek advice and counsel from the National Council on Marine Resources and Engineering Development as provided by section 205 of this title. " (b) The Foundation shall exercise its authority under this title .

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Research programs, e t c.

"(1) initiating and supporting programs at sea grant colleges and other suitable institutes, laboratories, and public or private agencies for the education of participants in the various fields relating to the development of marine resources; "(2) initiating and supporting necessary research programs in the various fields relating to the development of marine resources, with preference given to research aimed at practices, techniques, and design of equipment applicable to the development of marine resources; and "(3) encouraging and developing programs consisting of instruction, practical demonstrations, publications, and otherwise, by sea grant colleges and other suitable institutes, laboratories, and public or private agencies through marine advisory programs with the object of imparting useful information to persons currently employed or interested in the various fields related to the development of marine resources, the scientific community, and the general public. " (c) Programs to carry out the purposes of this title shall be accom- contracts or plished through contracts with, or grants to, suitable public or private s""^"*^institutions of higher education, institutes, laboratories, and public or private agencies which are engaged in, or concerned with, activities in the various fields related to the development of marine resources, for the establishment and operation by them of such programs.

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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 80 Part 1.djvu/1036

 1000

D i s p o s i t i o n of funds, restrictions.

64 Stat. 149. 42 USC 1861 note. P e r s o n n e l, facilities, etc., availability.

Definitions.

PUBLIC LAW 89-688-OCT. 15, 1966

[80

STAT.

" (d)(1) The total amount of payments in any fiscal year under any grant to or contract with any participant in any program to be carried out by such participant under this title shall not exceed 66% per centum of the total cost of such program. For purposes of computing the amount of the total cost of any such program furnished by any participant in any fiscal year, the Foundation shall include in such computation an amount equal to the reasonable value of any buildings, facilities, equipment, supplies, or services provided by such participant with respect to such program (but not the cost or value of land or of Federal contributions). "(2) No portion of any payment by the Foundation to any participant in any program to be carried out under this title shall be applied to the purchase or rental of any land or the rental, purchase, construction, preservation, or repair of any building, dock, or vessel. " (3) The total amount of payments in any fiscal year by the Foundation to participants within any State shall not exceed 15 per centum of the total amount appropriated to the Foundation for the purposes of this title for such fiscal year. "(e) I n allocating funds appropriated in any fiscal year for the purposes of this title the Foundation shall endeavor to achieve maximum participation by sea grant colleges and other suitable institutes, laboratories, and public or private agencies throughout the United States, consistent with the purposes of this title. " (f) I n carrying out its functions under this title, the Foundation shall attempt to support programs in such a manner as to supplement and not duplicate or overlap any existing and related Government activities. " (g) Except as otherwise provided in this title, the Foundation shall, in carrying out its functions under this title, have the same powers and authority it has under the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 to carry out its functions under that Act. " (h) The head of each department, agency, or instiiimentality of the Federal Government is authorized, upon request of the Foundation, to make available to the Foundation, from time to time, on a reimbursable basis, such personnel, services, and facilities as may be necessary to assist the Foundation in carrying out its functions under this title. " (i) For the purposes of this title— "(1) the term 'development of marine resources' means scientific endeavors relating to the marine environment, including, but not limited to, the fields oriented toward the development, conservation, or economic utilization of the physical, chemical, geological, and biological resources of the marine environment; the fields of marine commerce and marine engineering; the fields relating to exploration or research in, the recovery of natural resources from, and the transmission of energy in, the marine environment; the fields of oceanography and oceanology; and the fields with respect to the study of the economic, legal, medical, or sociological problems arising out of the management, use, development, recovery, and control of the natural resources of the marine environment; "(2) the term 'marine environment' means the oceans; the Continental Shelf of the United States; the Great Lakes; the seabed and subsoil of the submarine areas adjacent to the coasts of the United States to the depth of two hundred meters, or beyond that limit, to where the depths of the superjacent waters admit of the exploitation of the natural resources of the area;

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Rh ages be so slightly changed as still to remain as species of the same genus, whilst the third line might become so greatly modified as to deserve to rank as a distinct Sub-family, Family, or even Order. But in this case it is almost certain that the third line would still retain through inheritance numerous small points of resemblance with the other two. Here, then, would occur the difficulty, at present insoluble, how much weight we ought to assign in our classifications to strongly-marked differences in some few points,—that is, to the amount of modification undergone; and how much to close resemblance in numerous unimportant points, as indicating the lines of descent or genealogy. To attach much weight to the few but strong differences is the most obvious and perhaps the safest course, though it appears more correct to pay great attention to the many small resemblances, as giving a truly natural classification.

In forming a judgment on this head with reference to man, we must glance at the classification of the Simiadæ. This family is divided by almost all naturalists into the Catarhine group, or Old World monkeys, all of which are characterised (as their name expresses) by the peculiar structure of their nostrils, and by having four premolars in each jaw; and into the Platyrhine group or New World monkeys (including two very distinct sub-groups), all of which are characterised by differently constructed nostrils, and by having six premolars in each jaw. Some other small differences might be mentioned. Now man unquestionably belongs in his dentition, in the structure of his nostrils, and some other respects, to the Catarhine or Old World division; nor does he resemble the Platyrhines more closely than the Catarhines in any characters, excepting in a few of not much importance and apparently of an adaptive nature. It is therefore against all probability that some New World species should have formerly varied and produced a man-like creature, with all the distinctive characters proper to the Old World division; losing at the same time all its own distinctive characters. There can, consequently, hardly be a doubt that man is an off-shoot from the Old World Simian stem; and that under a genealogical point of view he must be classed with the Catarhine division.

The anthropomorphous apes, namely the gorilla, chimpanzee,

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text:
Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 80 Part 1.djvu/1037

 80 STAT.]

PUBLIC LAW 8 9 - 6 8 8 - O C T. 15, 1966

the seabed and subsoil of similar submarine areas adjacent to the coasts of islands which comprise United States territory; and the natural resources thereof; "(3) the term 'sea grant college' means any suitable public or private institution of higher education supported pursuant to the purposes of this title which has major programs devoted to increasing our Nation's utilization of the world's marine resources; and "(4) the term 'sea grant program' means (A) any activities of education or research related to the development of marine resources supported by the Foundation by contracts with or grants to institutions of higher education either initiating, or developing existing, programs in fields related to the purposes of this title, (B) any activities of education or research related to the development of marine resources supported by the Foundation by contracts with or grants to suitable institutes, laboratories, and public or private agencies, and (C) any programs of advisory services oriented toward imparting information in fields related to the development of marine resources supported by the Foundation by contracts with or grants to suitable institutes, laboratories, and public or private agencies. "ADVISORY FUNCTIONS

"SEC. 205. The National Council on Marine Resources and Engineering Development established by section 3 of title I of this Act shall, as Ante, p. 204. the President may request— "(1) advise the Foundation with respect to the policies, procedures, and operations of the Foundation in carrying out its functions under this title; " (2) provide policy guidance to the Foundation with respect to contracts or grants in support of programs conducted pursuant to this title, and make such recommendations thereon to the Foundation as may be appropriate; and "(3) submit an annual report on its activities and its recom- co^gre^s!" mendations under this section to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries of the House of Representatives, the President of the Senate, and the Committee on Labor and Public Wei fare of the Senate." SEC. 2. (a) The Marine Resources and Engineering Development 203. Act of 1966 is amended by striking out the first section and inserting in lieu thereof the following: "TITLE I—MARINE RESOURCES AND ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT "SHORT TITLE

1. This title may be cited as the 'Marine Resources and ^^^3*^"°" °^ Engineering Development Act of 1966'." (b) Such Act is further amended by striking out "this Act" the first place it appears in section 4(a), and also each place it appears in sections 5(a), 8, and 9, and inserting in lieu thereof in each such place "this title". Approved October 15, 1966. "SECTION

1001

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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 80 Part 1.djvu/1038

 1002

PUBLIC LAW 89-689-OCT. 15, 1966

[80 STAT.

Public Law 89-689 October 15, 1966

[H. R. 17787]

Public Works Appropriation

Acr,l'967. "

^ ^

ACT

Making appropriations for certain civil functions administered by the Department of Defense, the Panama Canal, certain agencies of the Department of the Interior, the Atomic Energy Commission, the Atlantic-Pacific Interoceanic Canal Study Commission, the Delaware River Basin Commission, the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation, the Tennessee Valley Authority, and the Water Resources Council, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1967, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the following sums are appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1967, for certain civil functions administered by the Department of Defense, the Panama Canal, certain agencies of the Department of the Interior, the Atomic Energy Commission, the Atlantic-Pacific Interoceanic Canal Study Commission, the Delaware River Basin Commission, the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation, the Tennessee Valley Authority, and the Water Resources Council, and for other purposes, namely:

TITLE I—DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE—CIVIL DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY CEMETERIAL EXPENSES SALARIES AND EXPENSES

For necessary cemeterial expenses as authorized by law, including maintenance, operation, and improvement of national cemeteries, and purchase of headstones and markers for unmarked graves; purchase of three passenger motor vehicles for replacement only; maintenance of that portion of Congressional Cemetery to which the United States has title. Confederate burial places under the jurisdiction of the Department of the Army, and graves used by the Army in commercial cemeteries; $15,098,000: Provided, That this appropriation shall not be used to repair more than a single approach road to any national cemetery: Provided further, That this appropriation shall not be obligated for construction of a superintendent's lodge or family quarters at a cost per unit in excess of $17,000, but such limitation may be increased by such additional amounts as may be required to provide office space, public comfort rooms, or space for the storage of Government property within the same structure: Provided further, That reimbursement shall be made to the applicable military appropriation for the pay and allowances of any military personnel performing services primarily for the purposes of this appropriation. CORPS OF ENGINEERS—CIVIL

The following appropriations of the Secretary of the Army Engineers for authorized civil Army pertaining to rivers and and related purposes:

shall be expended under the direction and the supervision of the Chief of functions of the Department of the harbors, flood control, beach erosion,

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Page:Descent of Man 1875.djvu/170

154 orang, and hylobates, are by most naturalists separated from the other Old World monkeys, as a distinct sub-group. I am aware that Gratiolet, relying on the structure of the brain, does not admit the existence of this sub-group, and no doubt it is a broken one. Thus the orang, as Mr. St. G. Mivart remarks, "is one of the most peculiar and aberrant forms to be found in the Order." The remaining non-anthropomorphous Old World monkeys, are again divided by some naturalists into two or three smaller sub-groups; the genus Semnopithecus, with its peculiar sacculated stomach, being the type of one sub-group. But it appears from M. Gaudry's wonderful discoveries in Attica, that during the Miocene period a form existed there, which connected Semnopithecus and Macacus; and this probably illustrates the manner in which the other and higher groups were once blended together.

If the anthropomorphous apes be admitted to form a natural sub-group, then as man agrees with them, not only in all those characters which he possesses in common with the whole Catarhine group, but in other peculiar characters, such as the absence of a tail and of callosities, and in general appearance, we may infer that some ancient member of the anthropomorphous sub-group gave birth to man. It is not probable that, through the law of analogous variation, a member of one of the other lower sub-groups should have given rise to a man-like creature, resembling the higher anthropomorphous apes in so many respects. No doubt man, in comparison with most of his allies, has undergone an extraordinary amount of modification, chiefly in consequence of the great development of his brain and his erect position; nevertheless, we should bear in mind that he "is but one of several exceptional forms of Primates."

Every naturalist, who believes in the principle of evolution, will grant that the two main divisions of the Simiadæ, namely the Catarhine and Platyrhine monkeys, with their sub-groups, have all proceeded from some one extremely ancient progenitor. The early descendants of this progenitor, before they had diverged to any considerable extent from each other, would still have formed a single natural group; but some of the species or incipient genera would have already begun to indicate by their diverging characters the future distinctive marks of the Catarhine and Platyrhine divisions. Hence the members of this supposed ancient group would not have been so uniform in their dentition, or in the structure of their nostrils, as are the existing

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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 80 Part 1.djvu/1039

 80 STAT.

PUBLIC LAW 89-689-OCT. 15, 1966

1003

(iENERAL INVESTKJATIONS

For expenses necessary for the collection and study of basic information pertaining to river and harbor^ flood control, shore protection, and related projects, and when authorized by law, surveys and studies of projects prior to authorization for construction, $3'2,450,000, to remain available until expended: Provided, That $441,000 of this appropriation shall be transferred to the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife for studies, investigations, and reports thereon as required by the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (72 Stat. 563-565) to provide that wildlife conservation shall receive equal consideration and be coordinated with other features of water-resource development programs of the Department of the Army. CONSTRUCTION,

le use eei note.

GENERAL

For the prosecution of river and harbor, flood control, shore protection, and related projects authorized by law; and detailed studies, and plans and specifications, or projects (including those for development with participation or under consideration for participation by States, local governments, or private groups) authorized or made eligible for selection by law (but such studies shall not constitute a commitment of the Government to construction); $967,460,000, to remain available until expended: Provided, That no part of this appropriation shall be used for projects not authorized by law or which are authorized by law limiting the amount to be appropriated therefor, except as may be within the limits of the amount now or hereafter authorized to be appropriated: Provided further, That the Chief of Engineers shall, in lieu of altering the existing obsolescent bridge, provide a new four-lane high-level bridge as a replacement for the United States Highway Numbered 64 bridge immediately west of Fort Smith, Arkansas: Provided further, That at the discretion of the Chief of Engineers, funds appropriated for the Robert S. Kerr Lock and Dam, Oklahoma, may be used to provide appropriate navigational clearances for bridges crossing the Sans Bois Creek which are to be relocated under the existing project: Provided further, That the Lost Creek Project in Oregon and the Wynoochee Project in Washington shall not be operated for irrigation purposes until such time as the Secretary of the Interior makes the necessary arrangements with nonFederal interests to recover the costs, in accordance with Federal Reclamation Law, which are allocated to the irrigation purpose: Provided further, That appropriations under this head shall be available to the Chief of Engineers for the purposes authorized by section 6 of the Flood Control Act of 1946; provided further that the authority contained therein is extended to include the Libby Dam and Reservoir project in Montana: Provided further, That $550,000 of this appropriation shall be transferred to the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife for studies, investigations, and reports thereon as required by the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (72 Stat. 563-565) to provide that wildlife conservation shall receive equal consideration and be coordinated with other features of water-resource development programs of the Department of the Army. OPERATION AND M A I N T E N A N C E,

GENERAL

For expenses necessary for the preservation, operation, maintenance, and care of existing river and harbor, flood ccmtrol, and related works, including such sums as may be necessary for the maintenance of harbor channels provided by a State, municipality or other public agency, out-

Restriction.

32 Stat. 388. ^^ ^*^*' ^^2.

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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 80 Part 1.djvu/1040

 1004

PUBLIC LAW 89-689-OCT. 15, 1966

[80 STAT.

side of harbor lines, and serving essential needs of general commerce and navigation; jfinancing the United States share of the cost of pumping water from Lake Okeechobee to the Everglades National P a r k; financing the United States share of the cost of operation and maintenance of the remedial works in the Niagara River; activities of the California Debris Commission; administration of laws pertaining to preservation of navigable waters; surveys and charting of northern and northwestern lakes and connecting waters; clearing and straightening channels; and removal of obstructions to navigation; $179,000,000, to remain available until expended. FLOOD CONTROL AND COASTAL

76^stau\*i94? 33 USC 70In.

EMERGENCIES

For expenses necessary for emergency flood control, hurricane and shore protection activities, as authorized by section 5 of the Flood Control Act approvcd August 18, 1941, as amended, $7,000,000, to remain available until expended. GENERAL

EXPENSES

For expenses necessary for general administration and related functions in the Office of the Chief of Engineers and offices of the Division Engineers; activities of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors and the Coastal Engineering Research Center; commercial statistics; and miscellaneous investigations; $17,550,000. FLOOD CONTROL, M I S S I S S I P P I RIVER A N D

^g«^stau^534;

For expenses necessary for prosecuting work of flood control, and rescue work, repair, restoration, or maintenance of flood control projects threatened or destroyed by flood, as authorized by law (33 U.S.C. 702a, 702g-l), $87,135,000, to remain available until expended, of which $75,000 shall be available for the planning of road crossings of the Panola-Quitman Floodway at Crowder and Paducah Wells, Mississippi. ADMINISTRATIVE

5 USC 2318. 79^stat!\'i2y.'^'

TRIBUTARIES

PROVISIONS

Appropriations in this title shall be available for expenses of attendance by military personnel at meetings in the manner authorized i^y section 19(b) of the Act of July 7, 1958 (72 Stat. 336), uniforms, or allowances therefor, as authorized by the Act of September 1, 1954, as amended (5 U.S.C. 2131), and for printing, either during a recess or session of Congress, of survey reports authorized by law, and such survey reports as may be printed during a recess of Congress shall be printed, with illustrations, as documents of the next succeeding session of Congress; and during the current fiscal year the revolving fund, Corps of Engineers, shall be available for purchase (not to exceed one hundred and ninety-seven, of which one hundred and sixty-eight shall be for replacement only) and hire of passenger motor vehicles: Provided, That the total capital of said fund shall not exceed $149,000,000.

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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 80 Part 1.djvu/1041

 80 STAT.

PUBLIC LAW 89-689-OCT. 15, 1966

1005

THE PANAMA CANAL CANAL ZONE GOVERNMENT OPERATING

EXPENSES

For operating expenses necessary for the Canal Zone Government, including operation of the Postal Service of the Canal Zone; hire of passenger motor vehicles; uniforms or allowances therefor, as authorized by the Act of September 1, 1954, as amended (5 U.S.C. 2131); expenses incident to conducting heariiigs on the Isthmus; expenses of special training of employees of the Canal Zone Government as authorized by law (5 TT.S.C. 2301 et seq.); contingencies of the Governor; residence for the Governor; medical aid and support of the insane and of lepers and aid and support of indigent persons legally within the Canal Zone, including expenses of their deportation when practicable; maintaining and altering facilities of other Government agencies in the Canal Zone for Canal Zone Government use; and payments of not to exceed $50 in any one case to persons within the Government service who shall furnish blood for transfusions, $33,404,000. CAPITAL

68 Stat, 1114; 79 Stat. 1122.

^^ ^*^'- •'27-

OUTLAY

For acquisition of land and land under water and acquisition, construction, and replacement of improvements, facilities, structures, and equipment, as authorized by law (2 C.Z. Code, Sec. 2; 2 C.Z. Code, Sec. 371), including the purchase of not to exceed ten passenger motor vehicles for replacement only, of which eight are for police-type use without regard to the general purchase price limitation for the current fiscal year; improving facilities of other Government agencies in the Canal Zone for Canal Zone Government use; and expenses incident to the retirement of such assets; $2,000,000, to remain available until expended: Provided, That notwithstanding the limitation under this head in the Second Supplemental Appropriation Act, 1961, appropriations for "capital outlay'' may be used for expenses related to the construction of quarters of non-U.S. citizen employees at a unit cost not exceeding $16,500.

76A Stat. 7,26.

^'^ ^'^'' ^'^'^^

PANAMA CANAL COMPANY CORPORATION

The Panama Canal Company is hereby authorized to make such expenditures within the limits of funds and borrowing authority available to it and in accordance with law, and to make such contracts and commitments without regard to fiscal year limitations as provided by section 104 of the Government Corporation Control Act, as amended (31 U.S.C. 849), as may be necessary in carrying out the programs set forth in the iDud^et for the current fiscal year for such corporation, including maintaining and improving facilities of other Government agencies in the Canal Zone for Panama Canal Company use. L I M I T A T I O N ON GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE

EXPENSES

Not to exceed $12,000,000 of the funds available to the Panama Canal Company shall be available during the current fiscal year for general and administrative expenses of the Company, including operation of tourist vessels and guide services, which shall be computed

65-300 0-67—66

^^ ^'^'* ''^'*-

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Page:Descent of Man 1875.djvu/171

Rh Catarhine monkeys in one way and the Platyrhines in another way, but would have resembled in this respect the allied Lemuridæ, which differ greatly from each other in the form of their muzzles, and to an extraordinary degree in their dentition.

The Catarhine and Platyrhine monkeys agree in a multitude of characters, as is shewn by their unquestionably belonging to one and the same Order. The many characters which they possess in common can hardly have been independently acquired by so many distinct species; so that these characters must have been inherited. But a naturalist would undoubtedly have ranked as an ape or a monkey, an ancient form which possessed many characters common to the Catarhine and Platyrhine monkeys, other characters in an intermediate condition, and some few, perhaps, distinct from those now found in either group. And as man from a genealogical point of view belongs to the Catarhine or Old World stock, we must conclude, however much the conclusion may revolt our pride, that our early progenitors would have been properly thus designated. But we must not fall into the error of supposing that the early progenitors of the whole Simian stock, including man, was identical with, or even closely resembled, any existing ape or monkey.

On the Birthplace and Antiquity of Man.—We are naturally led to enquire, where was the birthplace of man at that stage of descent when our progenitors diverged from the Catarhine stock? The fact that they belonged to the stock clearly shews that they inhabited the Old World; but not Australia nor any oceanic island, as we may infer from the laws of geographical distribution. In each great region of the world the living mammals are closely related to the extinct species of the same region. It is therefore probable that Africa was formerly inhabited by extinct apes closely allied to the gorilla and chimpanzee; and as these two species are now man's nearest allies, it is somewhat more probable that our early progenitors lived on the African continent than elsewhere. But it is useless to speculate on this subject; for two or three anthropomorphous apes, one the Dryopithecus of Lartet, nearly as large as a man,

title: Page:Descent of Man 1875.djvu/171


text:
Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 80 Part 1.djvu/1042

 1006

68 Stat. 1114; 79 Stat. 1122.

PUBLIC LAW 89-689-OCT. 15, 1966

STAT.

on an accrual basis. Funds available to the Panama Canal Company for operating expenses shall be available for the purchase of not to exceed eighteen passenger motor vehicles for replacement only,, including five light sedans at not to exceed $2,000, and for uniforms or allowances therefor, as authorized by the Act of September 1, 1954, as amended (5 U.S.C. 2131). GENERAL, PROVISIONS—THE PANAMA

68 Stat. 810.

[80

CANAL

The Governor of the Canal Zone is authorized to employ services as authorized by section 15 of the Act of August 2, 1946 (5 U.S.C. 55a), in an amount not exceeding $30,000: Provided, That the rates for individuals shall not exceed $100 per diem. Funds appropriated for operating expenses of the Canal Zone Government may be apportioned notwithstanding section 3679 of the Revised Statutes, as amended (31 LT.S.C. 665), to the extent necessary to permit payment of such pay increases for officers or employees as may be authorized by administrative action pursuant to law which are not in excess of statutory increases granted for the same period in corresponding rates of compensation for other employees of the Government in comparable positions. TITLE II—DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BUREAU or

43 USC 371 note.

For carrying out the functions of the Bureau of Reclamation as provided in the Federal reclamation laws (Act of June 17, 1902, 32 Stat. 388, and Acts amendatory thereof or supplementary thereto) and other Acts applicable to that Bureau, as follows: GENERAL

Restriction.

16 USC 661 note,

RECLAMATION

INVESTIGATIONS

For engineering and economic investigations of proposed Federal reclamation projects and studies of water conservation and development plans and activities preliminary to the reconstruction, rehabilitation and betterment, financial adjustment, or extension of existing projects, including not to exceed $450,000 for investigations of projects in Alaska, to remain available until expended, $15,075,000, of which $13,473,000 shall be derived from the reclamation fund and $500,000 shall be derived from the Colorado River development fund: Provided, That none of this appropriation shall be used for more than one-half of the cost of an investigation requested by a State, municipality, or other interest: Provided further. That not to exceed $35,000 of this appropriation shall be available for payment to the Salt River Pima-Maricopa and Ft. McDowell Indian tribes for economic studies in connection with the potential construction of Orme Dam on the Salt River in Arizona: Provided further,, That $425,000 of this appropriation shall be transferred to the Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife for studies, investigations, and reports thereon as required by the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act of 1958 (72 Stat. 563-565) to provide that wildlife conservation shall receive equal consideration and be coordinated with other features of water-resource development programs of the Bureau of Reclamation. CONSTRUCTION A N D R E H A B I L I T A T I O N

For construction and rehabilitation of authorized reclamation projects or parts thereof (including power transmission facilities) and for

�


text:
Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 80 Part 1.djvu/1043

 80 STAT. ]

PUBLIC LAW 89-689-OCT. 15, 1966

1007

other related activities, as authorized by law, to remain available until expended, $192,375,000, of which $95,000,000 shall be derived from the reclamation fund: Provided, That no part of this appropriation shall be used to initiate the construction of transmission facilities within those areas covered by power wheeling service contracts which include provision for service to Federal establishments and preferred customers, except those transmission facilities for which construction funds have been heretofore appropriated, those facilities which are necessary to carry out the terms of such contracts or those facilities for which the Secretary of the Interior finds the wheeling agency is unable or unwilling to provide for the integration of Federal projects or for service to a Federal establishment or preferred customer: Provided further, That the final point of discharge for the interceptor drain for the San Luis unit shall not be determined until (1) completion of a pollution study by the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, (2) development of a plan to minimize any detrimental effect of the San Luis drainage waters on San Francisco Bay, and (3) agreement is reached by the Secretary with the State of California, subject to the approval of the President, limiting the Federal share of the costs of the drain to Antioch to not more than 60 per centum thereof, and if found necessary to extend the drain beyond Antioch, the Federal share of such extension shall be determined on the basis of an equitable apportionment of the additional costs between the Federal Government and the non-Federal entities who are to use the facilities: Provided further, That no funds shall be made available under this appropriation for the construction in Contra Costa County, California, of any portion of the interceptor drain in connection with the San Luis unit which terminates at any point east of Port Chicago except for piers and abutments at a crossing site of the drain over the intake channel of the pumping plant for the California aqueduct. OPERATION A N D

MAINTENANCE

For operation and maintenance of reclamation projects or parts thereof and other facilities, as authorized by law; and for a soil and moisture conservation program on lands under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Keclamation, pursuant to law, $41,000,000, of which $29,416,000 shall be derived from the reclamation fund and $2,128,000 shall be derived from the Colorado River Dam fund: Provided, That funds advanced by water users for operation and maintenance of reclamation projects or parts thereof shall be deposited to the credit of this appropriation and may be expended for the same objects and in the same manner as sums appropriated herein may be expended, and the unexpended balances of such advances shall be credited to the appropriation for the next succeeding fiscal year. LOAN PROGRAM

For loans to irrigation districts and other public agencies for construction of distribution systems on authorized Federal reclamation projects, and for loans and grants to non-Federal agencies for construction of projects, as authorized by the Acts of July 4, 1955, as amended (43 U.S.C. 421a-421d), and August 6, 1956 (43 U.S.C. 422a422k), as amended (71 Stat. 48), including expenses necessary for carrying out the program, $12,995,000, to remain available until expended: Provided, That any contract under the Act of July 4, 1955 (69 Stat. 244), as amended, not yet executed by the Secretary, which calls for the making of loans beyond the fiscal year in which the

7o Stat. io44.

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Page:Descent of Man 1875.djvu/172

156 and closely allied to Hylobates, existed in Europe during the Miocene age; and since so remote a period the earth has certainly undergone many great revolutions, and there has been ample time for migration on the largest scale.

At the period and place, whenever and wherever it was, when man first lost his hairy covering, he probably inhabited a hot country; a circumstance favourable for the frugiferous diet on which, judging from analogy, he subsisted. We are far from knowing how long ago it was when man first diverged from the Catarhine stock; but it may have occurred at an epoch as remote as the Eocene period; for that the higher apes had diverged from the lower apes as early as the Upper Miocene period is shewn by the existence of the Dryopithecus. We are also quite ignorant at how rapid a rate organisms, whether high or low in the scale, may be modified under favourable circumstances; we know, however, that some have retained the same form during an enormous lapse of time. From what we see going on under domestication, we learn that some of the co-descendants of the same species may be not at all, some a little, and some greatly changed, all within the same period. Thus it may have been with man, who has undergone a great amount of modification in certain characters in comparison with the higher apes.

The great break in the organic chain between man and his nearest allies, which cannot be bridged over by any extinct or living species, has often been advanced as a grave objection to the belief that man is descended from some lower form; but this objection will not appear of much weight to those who, from general reasons, believe in the general principle of evolution. Breaks often occur in all parts of the series, some being wide, sharp and defined, others less so in various degrees; as between the orang and its nearest allies—between the Tarsius and the other Lemuridaæ—between the elephant, and in a more striking manner between the Ornithorhynchus or Echidna, and all other mammals. But these breaks depend merely on the number of related forms which have become extinct. At some future period, not very distant as measured by centuries, the civilised races of man will almost certainly exterminate, and replace, the savage races throughout the world. At the same time the anthropomorphous apes, as Professor Schaaffhausen has remarked, will no doubt be exterminated. The break between man and his nearest allies will then be wider, for it will intervene between man in a more civilised state, as we may hope, even than the Caucasian, and some ape as low as a baboon, instead of as now between the negro or Australian and the gorilla.

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text:
Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 80 Part 1.djvu/1044

 1008

43 USC 3 8 8.

PUBLIC LAW 89-689-OCT. 15, 1966

[80 STAT.

contract is entered into shall be made only on the same conditions as those prescribed in section 12 of the Act of August 4, 1939 (53 Stat. 1187,119Y). U P P E R GOLORADO RIVER STORAGE P R O J E C T

70 Stat. 107.

43 USC 620g. Restriction.

For the Upper Colorado River Storage Project, as authorized by the Act of April 11, 1956 (43 U.S.C. 620d), to remain available until expended, $50,198,000, of which $46,398,000 shall be available for the "Upper Colorado River Basin F u n d " authorized by section 5 of said Act of April 11, 1956, and $3,800,000 shall be available for construction, operation and maintenance of recreational and fish and wildlife facilities authorized by section 8 thereof, and may be expended by bureaus of the Department through or in cooperation with State or other Federal agencies, and advances to such Federal agencies are hereby authorized: Provided, That no part of the funds herein appropriated shall be available for construction or operation of facilities to prevent waters of Lake Powell from entering any national monument: Provided further, That $148,000 of the funds herein appropriated for the Upper Colorado River Basin Fund shall be available tor operation of the Page, Arizona, Accommodation School, and to be nonreimbursable and nonreturnable. EMERGENCY

62 Stat. 1052.

FUND

For an additional amount for the "Emergency fund", as authorized by the Act of June 26, 1948 (43 U.S.C. 502), to remain available until expended for the purposes specified in said Act, $1,000,000, to be derived from the reclamation fund. GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE

59 Stat. 54.

For necessary expenses of general administration and related functions in the offices of the Commissioner of Reclamation and in the regional offices of the Bureau of Reclamation, $11,300,000, to be derived from the reclamation fund and to be nonreimbursable pursuant to the Act of April 19, 1945 (43 U.S.C. 377): Provided, That no part of any other appropriation in this Act shall be available for activities or functions budgeted for the current fiscal year as general administrative expenses. SPECIAL

32 Stat. 388. II stal: 7?4?"

EXPENSES

FUNDS

Sums herein referred to as being derived from the reclamation fund, the Colorado River Dam fund, or the Colorado River development fund, are appropriated from the special funds in the Treasury created ^y ^^^ ^^^ ^f j ^ j ^ ^ j ^ ^;L902 (43 U.S.C. 391), the Act of December 21, 1928 (43 U.S.C. 617a), and the Act of July 19, 1940 (43 U.S.C. 618a), respectively. Such sums shall be transferred, upon request of the Secretary, to be merged with and expended under the heads herein specified; and the unexpended balances of sums transferred for expenditure under the heads "Operation and Maintenance" and "General Administrative Expenses" shall revert and be credited to the special fund from which derived. ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS

Appropriations to the Bureau of Reclamation shall be available for purchase of not to exceed forty-one passenger motor vehicles for replacement only; purchase of one aircraft; payment of claims for dam-

�


text:
Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 80 Part 1.djvu/1045

 80

STAT.]

PUBLIC LAW 89-689-OCT. 15, 1966

age to or loss of property, personal injury, or death arising out of activities of the Bureau of Eeclamation; payment, except as otherwise provided for, of compensation and expense of persons on the rolls of the Bureau of Eeclamation appointed as authorized by law to represent the United States in the negotiation and administration of inter•state compacts without reimbursement or return under the reclamation laws; rewards for information or evidence concerning violations of law involving property under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Reclamation; performance of the functions specified under the head "Operation and Maintenance Administration", Bureau of Reclamation, in the Interior Department Appropriation Act, 1945; preparation and dissemination of useful information including recordings, photographs, and photographic prints; and studies of recreational uses of reservoir areas, and investigation and recovery of archeological and paleontological remains in such areas in the same manner as provided for in the Act of August 21, 1935 (16 U.S.C. 461-467): Provided, That no part of any appropriation made herein shall be available pursuant to the Act of April 19, 1945 (43 U.S.C. 377), for expenses other than those incurred on behalf of specific reclamation projects except "General Administrative Expenses" and amounts provided for reconnaissance, basin surveys, and general engineering and research under the head "General Investigations". Allotments to the Missouri River Basin project from the appropriation under the head "Construction and Rehabilitation" shall be available additionally for said project for those functions of the Bureau of Reclamation provided for under the head "General Investigations" (but this authorization shall not preclude use of the appropriation under said head within that area), and for the continuation of investigations by agencies of the Department on a general plan for the development of the Missouri River Basin. Such allotments may be expended through or in cooperation with State and other Federal agencies, and advances to such agencies are hereby authorized. Sums appropriated herein which are expended in the performance of reimbursable functions of the Bureau of Reclamation shall be returnable to the extent and in the manner provided by law. No part of any appropriation for the Bureau of Reclamation, contained in this Act or in any prior Act, which represents amounts earned under the terms of a contract but remaining unpaid, shall be obligated for any other purpose, regardless of when such amounts are to be paid: Provided, That the incurring of any obligation prohibited by this paragraph shall be deemed a violation of section 3679 of the Revised Statutes, as amended (31 U.S.C. 665). No funds appropriated to the Bureau of Reclamation for operation and maintenance, except those derived from advances by water users, shall be used for the particular benefits of lands (a) within the boundaries of an irrigation district, (b) of any member of a water users' organization, or (c) of any individual when such district, organization, or individual is in arrears for more than twelve months in the payment of charges due under a contract entered into with the United States pursuant to laws administered by the Bureau of Reclamation. Not to exceed $225,000 may be expended from the appropriation "Construction and rehabilitation" for work by force account on any one project or Missouri River Basin unit and then only when such work is unsuitable for contract or no acceptable bid has been received and, other than otherwise provided in this paragraph or as may be necessary to meet local emergencies, not to exceed 12 per centum of the construction allotment for any project from the appropriation "Construction and rehabilitation" contained in this Act shall be available

1009

32 Stat. 388. 43 USC 391 note.

58 Stat. 4 8 7.

49 Stat. 666.

59 Stat. 54

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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 80 Part 1.djvu/1046

 1010

43 USC 504 and note.

42 USC* iVss^1855g.

PUBLIC LAW 89-689-OCT. 15, 1966

[80 STAT.

for construction work by force account: Provided, That this paragraph shall not apply to work performed under the Rehabilitation and Betterment Act of 1949 (63 Stat. 724). Any appropriations made heretofore or hereafter to the Bureau of Reclamation which are expended in connection with national disaster relief under Public Law 81-875 as administered by the Office of Emergency Planning shall be reimbursed in full by that Office to the account for which the funds were originally appropriated. BONNEVILLE POWER ADMINISTRATION CONSTRUCTION

For construction and acquisition of transmission lines, substations, and appurtenant facilities, as authorized by law, and purchase of three aircraft, of which two shall be for replacement only, $109,000,000, to remain available until expended: Provided, That the Bonneville Power Administration shall not supply power directly, or indirectly through any preference customer, to any phosphorous electric furnace plant in southern Idaho, Utah, or Wyoming. OPERATION

AND

MAINTENANCE

For necessary expenses of operation and maintenance of the Bonneville transmission system and of marketing electric power and energy, $17,010,000. ADMINISTRATIVE

PROVISIONS

Appropriations of the Bonneville Power Administration shall be available to carry out all the duties imposed upon the Administrator pursuant to law. Appropriations made herein to the Bonneville Power Administration shall be available in one fund, except that the appropriation herein made for operation and maintenance shall be available only for the service of the current fiscal year. Other than as may be necessary to meet local emergencies, not to exceed 12 per centum of the appropriation for construction herein made for the Bonneville Power Administration shall be available for construction work by force account or on a hired-labor basis. SOUTHEASTERN POWER ADMINISTRATION OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE

58 Stat. 890.

For necessary expenses transmission facilities and pursuant to the provisions 1944 (16 U.S.C. 825s), as including purchase of one only, $1,000,000.

of operation and maintenance of power of marketing electric power and energy of section 5 of the Flood Control Act of applied to the southeastern power area, passenger motor vehicle for replacement

SOUTHWESTERN POWER ADMINISTRATION CONSTRUCTION

For construction and acquisition of transmission lines, substations, and appurtenant facilities, and for administrative expenses connected therewith, in carrying out the provisions of section 5 of the Flood Control Act of 1944 (16 U.S.C. 825s), as applied to the southwestern power area, $3,950,000, to remain available until expended.

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Page:Descent of Man 1875.djvu/173

Rh With respect to the absence of fossil remains, serving to connect man with his ape-like progenitors, no one will lay much stress on this fact who reads Sir C. Lyell's discussion, where he shews that in all the vertebrate classes the discovery of fossil remains has been a very slow and fortuitous process. Nor should it be forgotten that those regions which are the most likely to afford remains connecting man with some extinct ape-like creature, have not as yet been searched by geologists.

Lower Stages in the Genealogy of Man.—We have seen that man appears to have diverged from the Catarhine or Old World division of the Simiadæ, after these had diverged from the New World division. We will now endeavour to follow the remote traces of his genealogy, trusting principally to the mutual affinities between the various classes and orders, with some slight reference to the periods, as far as ascertained, of their successive appearance on the earth. The Lemuridæ stand below and near to the Simiadæ, and constitute a very distinct family of the Primates, or, according to Häckel and others, a distinct Order. This group is diversified and broken to an extraordinary degree, and includes many aberrant forms. It has, therefore, probably suffered much extinction. Most of the remnants survive on islands, such as Madagascar and the Malayan archipelago, where they have not been exposed to so severe a competition as they would have been on well-stocked continents. This group likewise presents many gradations, leading, as Huxley remarks, "insensibly from the crown and summit of the animal creation down to creatures from which there is but a step, as it seems, to the lowest, smallest, and least intelligent of the placental mammalia." From these various considerations it is probable that the Simiadæ were originally developed from the progenitors of the existing Lemuridæ; and these in their turn from forms standing very low in the mammalian series.

The Marsupials stand in many important characters below the placental mammals. They appeared at an earlier geological period, and their range was formerly much more extensive than at present. Hence the Placentata are generally supposed to have been derived from the Implacentata or Marsupials; not, however, from forms closely resembling the existing Marsupials, but from their early progenitors. The Monotremata are plainly allied to the Marsupials, forming a third and still lower

title: Page:Descent of Man 1875.djvu/173


text:
Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 80 Part 1.djvu/1047

 80

STAT.]

PUBLIC LAW 89-689-OCT. 15, 1966

1011

OPERATION A N D MAINTENxYNCE

For necessary expenses of operation and maintenance of power transmission facilities and of marketing electric power and energy pursuant to the provisions of section 5 of the Flood Control Act of 1944 (16 U.S.C. 825s), as applied to the southwestern power area, including purchase of not to exceed five passenger motor vehicles, for replacement only, $2,115,000.

58 Stat. 890.

CONTINUING FUND

Not to exceed $3,700,000 shall be available during the current fiscal year from the continuing fund for all costs in connection with the purchase of electric power and energy, and rentals for the use of transmission facilities. GENERAL PROVISIONS—DEPARTMENT or THE INTERIOR Emergency conSEC. 201. Appropriations in this title shall be available for expend- struction. iture or transfer (within each bureau or office), with the approval of the Secretary, for the emergency reconstruction, replacement or repair of aircraft, buildings, utilities, or other facilities or equipment damaged or destroyed by fire, flood, storm, or other unavoidable causes: Provided, That no funds shall be made available under this authority until funds specifically made available to the Department of the Interior for emergencies shall have been exhausted. SEC. 202. The Secretary may authorize the expenditure or transfer Fire prevention. (within each bureau or office) of any appropriation in this title, in addition to the amounts included in the budget programs of the several agencies, for the suppression or emergency prevention of forest or range fires on or threatening lands under jurisdiction of the'Departmeiit of the Interior. SEC. 203. Appropriations in this title shall be available for opera- w aOperation. of rehouses tion of warehouses, parages, shops, and similar facilities, wherever consolidation of activities will contribute to efficiency or economy, and said appropriati(ms shall be reimbursed for services rendered to any other activity in the same manner as authorized by the Act of June 30, 1932 (31 t^.S.C. 686): Provided, That reimbursements for costs of 4 7 Stat. 4 1 7. supplies, materials, and equipment, and for services rendered may be credited to the appropriation current at the time such reimbursements are received. Southwestern SEC. 204. No part of any funds made available by this Act to the Power AdminSouthwestern Powder Administration may be made available to any i s t r a t i o n funds. other agency, bureau, or office for any purposes other than for services rendered pursuant to law to the Southwestern Power Administration.

TITLE III — A TO M I C E N E R G Y COMMISSION ATOMIC

ENERGY

COMMISSION

OPERATING E X P E N S E S

For necessary operating expenses of the Commission in carrying out the purposes of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, including the employment of aliens; services authorized by section 15 of the Act of August 2, 1946 (5 U.S.C. 5 5 a); hire, maintenance and operation of aircraft; publication and dissemination of atomic information; purchase, repair and cleaning of uniforms; official entertainment expenses (not to exceed $30,000); reimbursement of the General Services Administration for security guard services; hire of pas-

es Stat. 919. 42 USC 2011 note. 60 Stat. 810.

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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 80 Part 1.djvu/1048

 1012

69 Stat. 4 7 1.

Restriction.

PUBLIC LAW 89-689-OCT. 15, 1966

Transfer of funds. Report to cong r e s s i o n a l committees.

Restriction on fellowships.

EQUIPMENT

For expenses of the Commission, as authorized by law, in connection with the purchase and construction of plant and the acquisition of capital equipment and other expenses incidental thereto necessary in carrying out the purposes of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, including the acquisition or condemnation of any real property or any facility or for plant or facility acquisition, construction, or expansion; purchase of not to exceed four hundred and fifty-one, for replacement only, of which six for police-type use may exceed by $300 each the general purchase price limitation for the current fiscal year, and hire of passenger motor vehicles; and purchase of one aircraft; $276,030,000, to remain available until expended. GENERAL

Procurement of m a t e r i a l s, etc.

STAT.

senger motor vehicles; $1,923,000,000 and any moneys (except sums received from disposal of property under the Atomic Energy Community Act of 1955, as amended, (42 U.S.C. 2301)) received by the Commission, notwithstanding the provisions of section 3617 of the Revised Statutes (31 U.S.C. 484), to remain available until expended: Provided, That of such amount $100,000 may be expended for objects of a confidential nature and in any such case the certificate of the Commission as to the amount of the expenditure and that it is deemed inadvisable to specify the nature thereof shall be deemed a sufficient ^'oucher for the sum therein expressed to have been expended: Provided further. That from this appropriation transfers of sums may be made to other agencies of the Government for the performance of the work for which this appropriation is made, and in such cases the sums so transferred may be merged with the appropriation to which transferred: Provided further. That no part of this appropriation shall be used in connection with the payment of a fixed fee to any contractor or firm of contractors engaged under a cost-plus-a-fixed-fee contract or contracts at any installation of the Commission, where that fee for community management is at a rate in excess of $90,000 per annum, or for the operation of a transportation system where that fee is at a rate in excess of $45,000 per annum. P L A N T AND CAPITAL

68 Stat. 919. 42 USC 2011 note.

[80

PROVISIONS

Any appropriation available to the Atomic Energy Commission may initially be used subject to limitations in this Act during the current fiscal year to finance the procurement of materials, services, or other costs which are a part of work or activities for which funds have been provided in any other appropriation available to the Commission: Provided, That appropriate transfers or adjustments between such appropriations shall subsequently be made for such costs on the basis of actual application determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Not to exceed 5 per centum of appropriations made available for the current fiscal year for "Operating expenses" and "Plant and capital equipment" may be transferred between such appropriations, but neither such appropriation, except as otherwise provided herein, shall bo increased by more than 5 per centum by any such transfers, and any such transfers shall be reported promptly to the Appropriations Committees of the House and Senate. No part of any appropriation herein shall be used to confer a fellowship on any person who advocates or who is a member of an organization or party that advocates the overthrow of the Government of the United States by force or violence or with respect to whom the Commission finds, upon investigation and report by the Civil Service Com-

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Page:Descent of Man 1875.djvu/174

158 division in the great mammalian series. They are represented at the present day solely by the Ornithorhynchus and Echidna; and these two forms may be safely considered as relics of a much larger group, representatives of which have been preserved in Australia through some favourable concurrence of circumstances. The Monotremata are eminently interesting, as leading in several important points of structure towards the class of reptiles.

In attempting to trace the genealogy of the Mammalia, and therefore of man, lower down in the series, we become involved in greater and greater obscurity; but as a most capable judge, Mr. Parker, has remarked, we have good reason to believe, that no true bird or reptile intervenes in the direct line of descent. He who wishes to see what ingenuity and knowledge can effect, may consult Prof. Häckel's works. I will content myself with a few general remarks. Every evolutionist will admit that the five great vertebrate classes, namely, mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes, are descended from some one prototype; for they have much in common, especially during their embryonic state. As the class of fishes is the most lowly organised, and appeared before the others, we may conclude that all the members of the vertebrate kingdom are derived from some fishlike animal. The belief that animals so distinct as a monkey, an elephant, a humming-bird, a snake, a frog, and a fish, &c., could all have sprung from the same parents, will appear monstrous to those who have not attended to the recent progress of natural history. For this belief implies the former existence of links binding closely together all these forms, now so utterly unlike.

Nevertheless, it is certain that groups of animals have existed, or do now exist, which serve to connect several of the great vertebrate classes more or less closely. We have seen that the Ornithorhynchus graduates towards reptiles; and Prof. Huxley has discovered, and is confirmed by Mr. Cope and others, that the Dinosaurians are in many important characters intermediate between certain reptiles and certain birds—the birds referred to being the ostrich-tribe (itself a widely-diffused remnant of a larger group) and the Archeopteryx, that strange Secondary bird, with a long lizard-like tail. Again, according to

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text:
Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 80 Part 1.djvu/1049

 80 STAT. ]

PUBLIC LAW 89-689-OCT. 15, 1966

1013

mission on the character, associations, and loyalty of whom, that reasonable grounds exist for belief that such person is disloyal to the Government of the United States: Provided, That any person who ^^"aityadvocates or who is a member of an organization or party that advocates the overthrow of the Government of the United States by force or violence and accepts employment or a fellowship the salary, wages, stipend, grant, or expenses for which are paid from any appropriation contained herein shall be guilty of a felony, and, upon conviction, shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both: Provided further, That the above penal clause shall be in addition to, and not in substitution for, any other provisions of existing law.

TITLE IV—INDEPENDENT OFFICES ATLANTIC-PACIFIC INTEROCEANIC CANAL STUDY COMMISSION SALARIES AND EXPENSES

For expenses necessary for an investigation and study, including surveys, to determine the feasibility of, and the most suitable site for construction of a sea-level canal connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans: not to exceed $1,000 for official reception and representation expenses, $4,000,000, to remain available until expended: Provided, That the unobligated balance's of appropriations to the Interoceanic Canal Commission for "Salaries and expenses," shall be merged with this appropriation. DELAWARE RIVER BASIN COMMISSION SALARIES AND EXPENSES

For expenses necessary to carry out the functions of the United States member of the Delaware River Basin Commission, as authorized by law (75 Stat. 716), $45,000. C O N T R I B U T I O N TO DELAWARE RIVER B A S I N

COMMISSION

For payment of the United States share of the current expenses of the Delaware River Basin Commission, as authorized by law (75 Stat. 706, 707), $115,000. SAINT LAWRENCE SEAWAY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION

The Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation is hereby authorized to make such expenditures, within the limits of funds and borrowing authority available to such Corporation, and in accord with law, and to make such contracts and commitments without regard to fiscal year limitations as provided by section 104 of the Government Corporation Control Act, as amended, as may be necessary in carrying out the programs set forth in the budget for the current fiscal year for such Corporation, except as hereinafter provided. L I M I T A T I O N ON ADMINISTRATIVE E X P E N S E S, S A I N T L A W R E N C E SEAWAY DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION

Not to exceed $515,000 shall be available for administrative expenses which shall be computed on an accrual basis, including not to

31 ^)|c 849.

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 1014

68 Stat. 111^ 79 Stat. 1122. 60 Stat. 810.

PUBLIC LAW 89-689-OCT. 15, 1966

[80

STAT.

exceed $4,000 for official entertainment expenses to be expended upon the approval or authority of the Administrator, hire of passenger motor vehicles, uniforms or allowances therefor for operation and maintenance personnel, as authorized by law (5 U.S.C. 2131), and services as authorized by section 15 of the Act of August 2, 1946 (5 U.S.C. 65a), at rates for individuals not to exceed $100 per d a y: Provided, That not to exceed $5,000 may be expended for services of individuals employed at rates in excess of $50 per day. TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY PAYMENT TO TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY FUND

48 Stat. 5 8. 16 USC 831.

For the purpose of carrying out the provisions of the Tennessee Valley Authority Act of 1933, as amended (16 U.S.C. ch. 12A), including purchase of two aircraft, of which one shall be for replacement only, hire, maintenance, and operation of aircraft, and purchase (not to exceed two hundred and forty of which two hundred shall be for replacement only) and hire of passenger motor vehicles, $63,700,000, to remain available until expended. WATER KESOURCES COUNCIL WATER R E S O U R C E S

79 Stat. 2 4 5. 42 USC 1962a1962b-6. 60 Stat. 810.

PLANNING

For expenses necessary in carrying out the provisions of titles I and II of the Water Eesources Planning Act of 1965 (Public Law 89-80, approved July 22, 1965), including services as authorized by section 15 of the Act of August 2, 1946 (5 U.S.C. 55a), but at rates not to exceed $100 per diem for individuals, and hire of passenger motor vehicles, $600,000. F I N A N C I A L ASSISTANCE TO STATES

42 USC 1962c1962C-6.

For expenses necessary in carrying out the provisions of title III of the Water Eesources Planning Act of 1965 (Public Law 89-80, approved July 22, 1965), including services as authorized by section 15 of the Act of August 2, 1946 (5 U.S.C. 55a), but at rates not to exceed $100 per diem for individuals, and hire of passenger motor vehicles, $1,875,000, to remain available until expended. TITLE V—GENEEAL PROVISIONS DEPARTMENTS, AGENCIES, AND CORPORATIONS

Purchase of motor v e h i c l e s, 60 Stat. 810.

eompensation payments. eitizenship status requirement.

SEC. 501. Unless otherwise specifically provided, the maximum amount allowable during the current fiscal year in accordance with section 16 of the Act of August 2, 1946 (5 U.S.C. 78), for the purchase of any passenger motor vehicle (exclusive of buses and ambulances), is hereby fixed at $1,500 except station wagons for which the maximum shall be $1,950. SEC. 502. Unless otherwise specified and during the current fiscal year, no part of any appropriation contained in this or any other Act shall be used to pay the compensation of any officer or employee of the Government of the United States (including any agency the majority of the stock of which is owned by the Government of the United States) whose post of duty is in continental United States unless such person (1) is a citizen of the United States, (2) is a person in the service of the United States on the date of enactment of this Act, who, being eligible for citizenship, had filed a declaration

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PUBLIC LAW 8 9 - 6 8 9 - O C T. 15, 1966

1015

of intention to become a citizen of the United States prior to such date, (3) is a person who owes allegiance to the United States, or (4) is an alien from Poland or the Baltic countries lawfully admitted to the United States for permanent residence: Provided, That for the purpose of this section, an affidavit signed by any such person shall be considered prima facie evidence that the requirements of this section with respect to his status have been complied with: Provided further, That any person making a false affidavit shall be guilty P^^aity. of a felony, and, upon conviction, shall be fined not more than $4,000 or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both: Provided further, That the above penal clause shall be in addition to, and not in substitution for, any other provisions of existing law: Provided further, That any payment made to any officer or employee contrary to the provisions of this section shall be recoverable in action by the Federal Government. This section shall not apply to Exceptions. citizens of the Republic of the Philippines or to nationals of those countries allied with the United States in the current defense effort, or to temporary employment of translatorSj or to temporary employment in the field service (not to exceed sixty days) as a result of emergencies. SEC. 503. Appropriations of the executive departments and inde- an^er'etc,^^^""^" pendent establishments for the current fiscal year, available for expenses of travel or for the expenses of the activity concerned, are hereby made available for quarter^ allowances and cost-of-living allowances, in accordance with title II of the Act of September 6, 1960 (74 Stat. 793).

^

SEC. 504. No part of any appropriation for the current fiscal year contained in this or any other Act shall be paid to any person for the filling of any position for which he or she has been nominated after the Senate has voted not to approve the nomination of said person. SEC. 505. No part of any appropriation contained in this or any other Act for the current fiscal year shall be used to pay in excess of $4 per volume for the current and future volumes of the United States Code, Annotated, and such volumes shall be purchased on condition and with the understanding that latest published cumulative annual pocket parts issued prior to the date of purchase shall be furnished free of charge, or in excess of $4.25 per volume for the current or future volumes of the Lifetime Federal Digest, or in excess of $6.50 per volume for the current or future volumes of the Modern Federal Practice Digest. SEC. 506. Funds made available by this or any other Act for administrative expenses in the current fiscal year of the corporations and agencies subject to the Government Corporation Control Act, as amended (31 ILS.C. 841), shall be available, in addition to objects for which such funds are otherwise available, for rent in the District of Columbia; services in accordance with section 15 of the Act of August 2, 1946 (5 U.S.C. 55a); and the objects specified under this head, all the provisions of which shall be applicable to the expenditure of such funds unless otherwise specified in the Act by which they are made available: Provided. That in the event any functions budgeted as administrative expenses are subsequently transferred to or paid from other funds, the limitations on administrative expenses shall be correspondingly reduced. SEC. 5 0 7. Pursuant to section 1415 of the Act of July 15, 1952 (66 Stat. 662), foreign credits (including currencies) owed to or owned by the United States may be used by Federal agencies for any purpose for which appropriations are made for the current fiscal year (including the carrynig out of Acts requiring or authorizing the use of such

3038^'^"'"

noVafe'd^ etc ^"" price umita-' "°n-

^9 Stat. 597. ^° ^'^'- ^^°-

^3^.°'^'^" credits, 31 USC 724.

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Rh Prof. Owen, the Ichthyosaurians—great sea-lizards furnished with paddles—present many affinities with fishes, or rather, according to Huxley, with amphibians; a class which, including in its highest division frogs and toads, is plainly allied to the Ganoid fishes. These latter fishes swarmed during the earlier geological periods, and were constructed on what is called a generalised type, that is, they presented diversified affinities with other groups of organisms. The Lepidosiren is also so closely allied to amphibians and fishes, that naturalists long disputed in which of these two classes to rank it; it, and also some few Ganoid fishes, have been preserved from utter extinction by inhabiting rivers, which are harbours of refuge, and are related to the great waters of the ocean in the same way that islands are to continents.

Lastly, one single member of the immense and diversified class of fishes, namely, the lancelet or amphioxus, is so different from all other fishes, that Häckel maintains that it ought to form a distinct class in the vertebrate kingdom. This fish is remarkable for its negative characters; it can hardly be said to possess a brain, vertebral column, or heart, &c.; so that it was classed by the older naturalists amongst the worms. Many years ago Prof. Goodsir perceived that the lancelet presented some affinities with the Ascidians, which are invertebrate, hermaphrodite, marine creatures permanently attached to a support. They hardly appear like animals, and consist of a simple, tough, leathery sack, with two small projecting orifices. They belong to the Molluscoida of Huxley—a lower division of the great kingdom of the Mollusca; but they have recently been placed by some naturalists amongst the Vermes or worms. Their larvæ somewhat resemble tadpoles in shape, and have the power of swimming freely about. Mr. Kovalevsky has lately observed that the larvæ of Ascidians are related to the Vertebrata, in their manner of development, in the relative position of the nervous system, and in possessing a structure closely like the chorda dorsalis of vertebrate animals; and in this he has been since

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Publicity or propaganda.

Time limitation.

Short title.

PUBLIC LAW 89-690-OCT. 15, 1966

[80

STAT.

credits), only when reimbursement therefor is made to the Treasury from applicable appropriations of the agency concerned: Provided, That such credits received as exchange allowances or proceeds of sales of personal property may be used in whole or part payment for acquisition of similar items, to the extent and in the manner authorized by law, without reimbursement to the Treasury. SEC. 508. During the current fiscal year, any foreign currencies held by the United States which have been or may be reserved or set aside for specified programs or activities of any agency may be carried on the books of the Treasury in unfunded accounts. SEC. 509. No part of any appropriation contained in this or any other Act, or of the funds available for expenditure by any corporation or agency, shall be used for publicity or propaganda purposes designed to support or defeat legislation pending before Congress. SEC. 510. No part of any appropriation contained in this Act shall remain available for obligation beyond the current fiscal year unless expressly so provided herein. This Act may be cited as the "Public Works Appropriation Act, Approved October 15, 1966. Public Law 89-690

October 15, 1966 [H. R. 16646]

ArmedsForces. Postdi charge awards.

AN ACT To amend title 10, United States Qode, to authorize the award of Exemplary Rehabilitation Certificates to certain individuals after considering their character and conduct in civilian life alter discharge or dismissal from the armed forces, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That part II of subtitle A of title 10, United States Code, is amended by inserting immediately after chapter 79 thereof the following new chapter: "Chapter 80.—EXEMPLARY REHABILITATION CERTIFICATES "Sec. "1571. "1572. "1573. "1574. "1575. "1576.

Establishment of Exemplary Rehabilitation Certificates. Consideration and issuance of certfieate. Matters considered. Other benefits. Job counseling and employment placement. Reports.

"§ 1571. Establishment of Exemplary Rehabilitation Certificates "The Secretary of Labor shall act on any application for an Exemplary Rehabilitation Certificate received under this chapter from any person who was discharged or dismissed under conditions other than honorable, or who received a general discharge, at least three years before the date of receipt of such application. "§ 1572. Consideration and issuance of certificate "In the case of any person discharged or dismissed from an armed force under conditions other than honorable before or after the enactment of this chapter, the Secretary of Labor may consider an application for, and issue to that person, an 'Exemplary Rehabilitation (Certificate* dated as of the date of issuance, if it is established to his satisfaction that such person has rehabilitated himself, that his character is good, and that his conduct, activities, and habits since he was so discharged or dismissed have been exemplary for a reasonable period

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PUBLIC LAW 89-690-OCT. 15, 1966

1017

of time, but not less than three years. The Secretary of Labor shall supply a copy of each such Exemplary Rehabilitation Certificate which is issued, to the Secretary of Defense, who shall place such copy in the military personnel record of the individual to whom the certificate is issued. "§1573. Matters considered " (a) For the purposes of section 1572, oral and written evidence, or both, may be used, including— "(1) a notarized statement from the chief law enforcement officer of the town, city, or county in which the applicant resides, attesting to his general reputation so far as police and court records are concerned; "(2) a notarized statement from his employer, if employed, giving the employer's address, and attesting to the applicant's general reputation and employment record; ''(3) notar'zed statements from not less than five persons, attesting that they have personally known him for at least three years as a person of good reputation and exemplary conduct, and the extent of personal contact they have had with him; and "(4) such independent investigation as the Secretary of Labor may make. " (b) Any person making application under this chapter may appear in person or by counsel before the Secretary of Labor. "§ 1574. Other benefits "No benefits under any laws of the United States (including but not limited to those relating to pensions, compensation, hospitalization, military pay and allowances, education, loan guarantees, retired pay, or other benefits based on military service) shall accrue to any person to whom an Exemplary Rehabilitation Certificate is issued under section 1572 unless he would be entitled to those benefits under his original discharge or dismissal. "§ 1575. Job counseling and employment placement "The Secretary of Labor shall require that the national system of public employment offices established under the Act of June 6, 1933 (48 Stat. 113), accord to any person who has been discharged or dismissed under conditions other than honorable but who has been issued an Exemplary Rehabilitation Certificate under this chapter special counseling and job development assistance. "§ 1576. Reports "The Secretary of Labor shall report to Congress not later than January 15 of each year the number of cases reviewed by him under this chapter, and the number of Exemplary Rehabilitation Certificates issued. "§ 1577. Administration " I n carrying out the provisions of this Act the Secretary of Labor is authorized to (a) issue regulations; (b) delegate his authority; (c) utilize the services of the Civil Service Commission for making such investigations as may be mutually agreeable." SEC. 2. The analysis of part II of subtitle A of title 10, United States Code, is amended by inserting immediately below "79. Correction of military records 1551" the following: "80. Exemplary Rehabilitation Certificates 1571". Approved October 15, 1966.

29 USC 49-49k.

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PUBLIC LAW 89-691-OCT. 15, 1966

[80 STAT.

Public Law 89-691 October 15, 1966

AN ACT

[H.R. 17788]

Making appropriations for Foreign Assistance and related agencies for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1967, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the following Agencies App/<^" sums EFe appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not other19^67'°" ^''*' ^^'^^^ appropriated, for Foreign Assistance and related agencies for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1967, and for other purposes, namely: Foreign Assist_ ance and R e l a t e d

TITLE I—FOREIGN ASSISTANCE F U N D S APPROPRIATED

75 Stat. 4 2 4 _ u s e 2151. 22 ^^^ _^^ note.""" "^'^^

TO THE P R E S I D E N T

For expenses necessary to enable the President to carry out the provisions of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, to remain available until June 30, 1967, unless otherwise specified herein, as follows: ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE

Ante,

p. 797.

Ante, p. 798.

Ante. p. 801.

Ante. p. 799. 22 us^c' 2^2^^3. Ante, p. 796. 22 USC 2163. Ante, p. 797.

Technical cooperation and development grants: For expenses authorized by section 212, $200,000,000. American schools and hospitals abroad: For expenses authorized by section 214(c), $10,989,000. American schools and hospitals abroad (special foreign currency program): For assistance authorized by section 214:(d), $1,000,000 in foreign currencies which the Treasury Department determines to be excess to the normal requirements of the United States. International organizations and programs: For expenses authorized ^^ gcction 302, $140,433,000: Provided, That the President shall seek to assure that no contribution to the United Nations Development Program authorized by the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as amended, shall be used for projects for economic or technical assistance to the Government of Cuba, so long as Cuba is governed by the Castro regime. Supporting assistance: For expenses authorized by section 402, $690,000,000. Contingency fund: For expenses authorized by section 451(a), $35,000,000. Alliance for Progress, technical cooperation and development grants: For expenses authorized by section 252, $87,700,000. Alliance for Progress, development loans: For expenses authorized by section 252, $420,300,000, together with such dollar amounts as are authorized to be made available for assistance under section 253, all such amounts to remain available until expended. DevolopmBnt loans: For expenses authorized by section 202(a), $500,000,000, together with such amounts as are authorized to be made available for expenses under section 203, all such amounts to remain available until expended: Provided, That this appropriation shall be available without regard to the provisions of section 205 of the Foreign Asslstance Act of 1961, as amended, and the President, after consideration of the extent of additional participation by other countries, may make available, on such terms and conditions as he determines, not to exceed 10 per centum of this appropriation to the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Development Association, or the International Finance Corporation for use pursuant to the laws governing United States participation in such institutions, if any, and the governing statutes thereof and without

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160 confirmed by Prof. Kupffer. M. Kovalevsky writes to me from Naples, that he has now carried these observations yet further; and should his results be well established, the whole will form a discovery of the very greatest value. Thus, if we may rely on embryology, ever safest guide in classification, it seems that we have at last gained a clue to the source whence the Vertebrata were derived. We should then be justified in believing that at an extremely remote period a group of animals existed, resembling in many respects the larvæ of our present Ascidians, which diverged into two great branches—the one retrograding in development and producing the present class of Ascidians, the other rising to the crown and summit of the animal kingdom by giving birth to the Vertebrata.

We have thus far endeavoured rudely to trace the genealogy of the Vertebrata by the aid of their mutual affinities. We will now look to man as he exists; and we shall, I think, be able partially to restore the structure of our early progenitors, during successive periods, but not in due order of time. This can be effected by means of the rudiments which man still retains, by the characters which occasionally make their appearance in him through reversion, and by the aid of the principles of morphology and embryology. The various facts, to which I shall here allude, have been given in the previous chapters.

The early progenitors of man must have been once covered with hair, both sexes having beards; their ears were probably pointed, and capable of movement; and their bodies were provided with a tail, having the proper muscles. Their limbs and bodies were also acted on by many muscles which now only occasionally reappear, but are normally present in the Quadrumana. At this or some earlier period, the great artery and nerve of the humerus ran through a supra-condyloid foramen. The intestine gave forth a much larger diverticulum or cæcum than that now existing. The foot was then prehensile, judging from the condition of the great toe in the fœtus; and our progenitors, no doubt, were arboreal in their habits, and frequented some warm, forest-clad land. The males had great canine teeth, which

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