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 99 STAT. 1614

PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985 (ii) such plan or project become effective on the approval of the Secretary; and (iii) the contracting party— (I) keep accurate records of all relevant transactions of the party; (II) make periodic reports to the Board of— (aa) relevant activities the party has conducted; and (bb) an accounting for funds received and expended under such contract; and (III) make such other reports as the Secretary or Board may require. ASSESSMENTS

7 USC 4809. Ante, p. 1609.

Animals. Ante, p. 1607.

Ante, p. 1612.

Animals.

SEC. 1620. (a)(1) The order shall provide that, not later than 30 days after the effective date of the order under section 1616(c) an assessment shall be paid, in the manner prescribed in the order. Upon the appointment of the Board, the assessments held in escrow shall be distributed to the Board. Except as provided in paragraph (3), Eissessments shall be payable by— (A) each producer for each porcine animal described in subparagraph (A) or (C) of section 1613(8) produced in the United States that is sold or slaughtered for sale; (B) each producer for each porcine animal described in subsection 1613(8)(B) that is sold; and (C) each importer for each porcine animal, pork, or pork product that is imported into the United States. (2) Such assessment shall be collected and remitted to the Board once it is appointed pursuant to section 1619, but, until that time, to the Secretary, who shall promptly proceed to distribute the funds received by him in accordance with the provisions of subsection (c), except that the Secretary shall retain the funds to be received by the Board until such time as the Board is appointed pursuant to section 1619, by— (A) in the case of subparagraph (A) of paragraph (1), the purchaser of the porcine animal referred to in such subparagraph; (B) in the Case of subparagraph (B) of paragraph (1), the producer of the porcine animal referred to in such subparagraph; and (C) in the case of subparagraph (C) of paragraph (1), the importer referred to in such subparagraph. (3) A person is not required to pay an assessment for a porcine animal, pork, or pork product under paragraph (1) if such person proves to the Board that an assessment was paid previously under such paragraph by a person for such porcine animal (of the same category described in subparagraph (A), (B), or (C) of section 1613(8)), pork, or pork product. (b)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the rate of assessment prescribed by the initial order shall be the lesser of— (A) 0.25 percent of the market value of the porcine animal, pork, or pork product sold or imported; or (B) an amount established by the Secretary based on a recommendation of the Delegate Body. (2) Except as provided in paragraph (3), the rate of assessment in the initial order may be increased by not more than 0.1 percent per year on recommendation of the Delegate Body.

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99 STAT. 1615

(3) The rate of assessment may not exceed 0.50 percent of such market value unless— (A) after the initial referendum required under section 1622(a), the Delegate Body recommends an increase in such rate above 0.50 percent; and (B) such increase is approved in a referendum conducted under section 1622(b). (4)(A) Pork or pork products imported into the United States shall be assessed based on the equivalent value of the live porcine animal from which such pork or pork products were produced, as determined by the Secretary. (B) The Secretary may waive the collection of assessments on a type of such imported pork or pork products if the Secretary determines that such collection is not practicable. (c) Funds collected by the Board from assessments collected under this section shall be distributed and used in the following manner: (1)(A) Each State association, shall receive an amount of funds equal to the product obtained by multiplying— (i) the aggregate amount of assessments attributable to porcine animals produced in such State by persons described in subsection (a)(1)(A) and (B) minus that State's share of refunds determined pursuant to paragraph (4) by such persons pursuant to section 1624; and (ii) a percentage applicable to such State association determined by the Delegate Body, but in no event less than sixteen and one-half percent, or (B) in the case of a State association that was conducting a pork promotion program in the period from July 1, 1984, to June 30, 1985, if greater than (A) an amount of funds equal to the amount of funds that would have been collected in such State pursuant to the pork promotion program in existence in such State from July 1, 1984, to June 30, 1985, had the porcine animals, subject to assessment and to which no refund WEIS received in such State in each year following the enactment of this Act, been produced from July 1, 1984, to June 30, 1985, and been subject to the rates of assessments then in effect and the rate of return then in effect from each State to the Council described in paragraph (2)(A), and other national entities involved in pork promotion, research and consumer information. (C) A State association shall use such funds and any proceeds from the investment of such funds for financing— (i) promotion, research, and consumer information plans and projects, and (ii) administrative expenses incurred in connection with such plans and projects. (2)(A) The National Pork Producers Council, a nonprofit corporation of the type described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954 and incorporated in the State of Iowa, shall receive an amount of funds equal to— (i) 37 y2 percent of the aggregate amount of assessments collected under this section throughout the United States from the date assessment commences pursuant to subsection (a)(1) until the first day of the month following the month in which the Board is appointed pursuant to section 1619. (ii) 35 percent thereafter until the referendum is conducted pursuant to section 1622,

Post, p. 1618.

Animals.

Animals.

Post, p. 1619.

Corporation. Iowa. 26 USC 501.

Ante, p. 1612. Post, p. 1618.

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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 99 Part 2.djvu/506

 99 STAT. 1616

Ante, pp. 1612, 1614.

Prohibition.

Prohibition. 26 USC 4911. Reports.

PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985

(iii) 25 percent until twelve months after the referendum is conducted, and (iv) no funds thereafter except in so far as it obtains such funds from the Board pursuant to sections 1619 or 1620, each of which amounts determined under (i), (ii), and (iii) shall be less the Council's share of refunds determined pursuant to paragraph (4). (B) The Council shall use such funds and proceeds from the investment of such funds for financing— (i) promotion, research, and consumer information plans and projects, and (ii) administrative expenses of the Council. (3)(A) The Board shall receive the amount of funds that remain after the distribution required under paragraphs (1) and (2). (B) The Board shall use such funds and any proceeds from the investment of such funds pursuant to subsection (g) for— (i) financing promotion, research, and consumer information plans and projects in accordance with this title; (ii) such expenses for the administration, maintenance, and functioning of the Board as may be authorized by the Secretary; (iii) accumulation of a reasonable reserve to permit an effective promotion, research, and consumer information program to continue in years when the amount of assessments may be reduced; and (iv) administrative costs incurred by the Secretary to carry out this title, including any expenses incurred for the conduct of a referendum under this title. (4)(A) Each State's share of refunds shall be determined by multiplying the aggregate amount of refunds received by producers in such State by the percentage applicable to such State pursuant to paragraph (l)(A)(ii). (B) The National Pork Producers Council's share of refunds shall be determined by multiplying its applicable percent of the aggregate amount of assessments by the product of— (i) subtracting from the aggregate amount of refunds received by all producers the aggregate amount of State share or refunds in every State determined pursuant to subparagraph (A), and (ii) adding to that sum the aggregate amount of refunds received by importers. (d) No promotion funded with assessments collected under this subtitle may make— (1) a false or misleading claim on behalf of pork or a pork product; or (2) a false or misleading statement with respect to an attribute or use of a competing product. (e) No funds Collected through assessments authorized by this section may, in any manner, be used for the purpose of influencing legislation, as defined in section 4911(d) and (e)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954. if) The Board shall— (1) maintain such books and records, and prepare and submit to the Secretary such reports from time to time, as may be required by the Secretary for appropriate accounting of the

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text: All Quiet along the Potomac and other poems/Three Scenes in One Woman's Life


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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 99 Part 2.djvu/507

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99 STAT. 1617

receipt and disbursement of funds entrusted to the Board or a State association, as the case may be; and (2) cause a complete audit report to be submitted to the Secretary at the end of each fiscal year, (g) The Board, with the approval of the Secretary, may invest funds collected through assessments authorized under this section, pending disbursement for a plan or project, only in— (1) an obligation of the United States, or of a State or political subdivision thereof; (2) an interest-bearing account or certificate of deposit of a bank that is a member of the Federal Reserve System; or (3) an obligation fully guaranteed as to principal and interest by the United States.

Report.

PERMISSIVE PROVISIONS

SEC. 1621. (a) On the recommendation of the Board, and with the 7 USC 4810. approval of the Secretary, an order may contain one or more of the following provisions: (1) Each person purchasing a porcine animal from a producer Animals. for commercial use, and each importer, shall— (A) maintain and make available for inspection such books and records as may be required by the order; and Records. (B) file reports at the time, in the manner, and having the Reports. Animals. content prescribed by the order, including documentation of the State of origin of a purchased porcine animal or the place of origin of an imported porcine animal, pork, or pork product. (2) A term or condition— (A) incidental to, and not inconsistent with, the terms and conditions specified in this subtitle; and (B) necessary to effectuate the other provisions of such order. (b)(1) Information referred to in subsection (a)(1) shall be made available to the Secretary and the Board as is appropriate or necessary for the effectuation, administration, or enforcement of this subtitle or an order. (2)(A) Except as provided in subparagraphs (B) and (C), information obtained under subsection (a)(1) shall be kept confidential by officers or employees of the Department of Agriculture or the Board. (B) Such information may be disclosed only— (i) in a suit or administrative hearing involving the order with respect to which the information was furnished or acquired— (I) brought at the direction or on the request of the Secretary; or (II) to which the Secretary or an officer of the United States is a party; and (ii) if the Secretary considers such information to be relevant to such suit or hearing. (C) Nothing in this section prohibits— (i) the issuance of a general statement based on the reports of a number of persons subject to an order, or statistical data collected therefrom, if such statement or data does not identify the information furnished by any person; or (ii) the publication, by direction of the Secretary, of the name of a person violating an order, together with a statement of the particular provisions of the order violated by such person.

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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 99 Part 2.djvu/508

 99 STAT. 1618

PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985

(c) A person who willfully violates subsection (a)(1) or (b) shall, on conviction, be— (1) subject to a fine of not more than $1,000 or imprisoned for not more than 1 year, or both; and (2) if such person is an employee of the Department of Agriculture or the Board, removed from office. REFERENDUM

7 USC 4811.

Infra.

SEC. 1622. (a) For the purpose of determining whether an order then effect shall be continued during the period beginning not earlier than 24 months after the issuance of the order and ending not later than 30 months after the issuance of the order, the Secretary shall conduct a referendum among persons who have been pork producers and importers during a representative period, as determined by the Secretary. (b)(1) Such order shall be continued only if the Secretary determines that such order has been approved by not less than a majority of the producers and importers voting in the referendum, (2) If the continuation of such order is not approved by a majority of the producers and importers voting in the referendum, the Secretary shall terminate— (A) collection of assessments under the order not later than 6 months after the date of such determination; and (B) the order in an orderly manner as soon as practicable after the date of such determination. (c) The Secretary shall be reimbursed from assessments collected by the Board for any expenses incurred in connection with a referendum conducted under this section or section 1623. (d) A referendum shall be conducted in such manner as prescribed by the Secretary. (e) A referendum to amend the initial order shall be conducted pursuant to this section. SUSPENSION AND TERMINATION OF ORDERS

7 USC 4812. Supra.

SEC. 1623. (a) If after the initial referendum provided for in section 1622(a) the Secretary determines that an order, or a provision of the order, obstructs or does not tend to effectuate the declared policy of this subtitle, the Secretary shall terminate or suspend the operation of such order or provision. (b)(l)(A) Except as provided in paragraph (2), after the initial referendum provided for in section 1622(a), on the request of a number of persons equal to at least 15 percent of persons who have been producers and importers during a representative period, as determined by the Secretary, the Secretary shall conduct a referendum to determine whether the producers and importers favor the termination or suspension of the order. (B) The Secretary shall— (i) suspend or terminate collection of assessments under the order not later than 6 months after the date the Secretary determines that suspension or termination of the order is favored by a majority of the producers and importers voting in the referendum; and (ii) terminate the order in an orderly manner as soon as practicable after the date of such determination. .

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 PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985

99 STAT. 1619

(2) Except with respect to a referendum required to be conducted under section 1622, the Secretary shall not be required by paragraph (1) to conduct more than one referendum under this subtitle in a 2year period. (c) The termination or suspension of an order, or a provision of an order, shall not be considered an order within the meaning of this subtitle.

Prohibition. Ante, p. 1618.

Prohibition.

REFUNDS

SEC. 1624. (a) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subtitle, prior to the approval of the continuation of an order pursuant to the referendum required under section 1622(a), any person shall have the right to demand and receive from the Board a refund of an assessment collected under section 1620 if such person— (1) is responsible for paying such assessment; and (2) does not support the program established under this subtitle. (b) Such demand shall be made in accordance with regulations, on a form, and within a time period prescribed by the Board and approved by the Secretary, but not later than 30 days after the end of the month in which the assessment was paid. (c) Such refund shall be made not later than 30 days after demand is received therefore on submission of proof satisfactory to the Board that the producer, person, or importer— (1) paid the assessment for which refund is sought; and (2) did not collect such assessment from another producer, person, or importer.

7 USC 4813.

Ante, p. 1614.

PETITION AND REVIEW

SEC. 1625. (a)(1) A person subject to an order may file with the Secretary a petition— (A) stating that such order, a provision of such order, or an obligation imposed in connection with such order is not in accordance with law; and (B) requesting a modification of such order or an exemption from such order. (2) Such person shall be given an opportunity for a hearing on the petition, in accordance with regulations issued by the Secretary. (3) After such hearing, the Secretary shall make a determination granting or denying such petition. (b)(1) A district court of the United States in the district in which such person resides or does business shall have jurisdiction to review such determination if a complaint for such purpose is filed not later than 20 days after the date such person receives notice of such determination. (2) Service of process in such proceeding may be made on the Secretary by delivering a copy of the complaint to the Secretary. (3) If a court determines that such determination is not in accordance with law, the court shall remand such proceedings to the Secretary with directions to— (A) make such ruling as the court shall determine to be in accordance with law; or (B) take such further proceedings as, in the opinion of the court, the law requires.

7 USC 4814.

Regulations.

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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 99 Part 2.djvu/510

 99 STAT. 1620

PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985 ENFORCEMENT

Regulations. 7 USC 4815.

Regulations.

Regulations. Prohibition.

SEC. 1626. (a)(1) A district court of the United States shall have jurisdiction specifically to enforce, and to prevent and restrain a person from violating an order, rule, or regulation issued under this subtitle. (2) A civil action authorized to be brought under this subsection shall be referred to the Attorney General for appropriate action, except that the Secretary is not required to refer to the Attorney General a violation of this subtitle if the Secretary believes that the administration and enforcement of this subtitle would be adequately served by providing a suitable written notice or warning to a person who committed such violation or by administrative action under subsection (b). (b)(l)(A) A person who willfully violates an order, rule, or regulation issued by the Secretary under this subtitle may be assessed— (i) a civil penalty by the Secretary of not more than $1,000 for each such violation; and (ii) in the case of a willful failure to pay, collect, or remit an assessment as required by an order, an additional penalty equal to the amount of such assessment. (B) Each such violation shall be a separate offense. (C) In addition to or in lieu of such civil penalty, the Secretary may issue an order requiring such person to cease and desist from violating such order, rule, or regulation. (D) No penalty may be assessed or cease-and-desist order issued unless the Secretary gives such person notice and opportunity for a hearing on the record with respect to such violation. (E) An order issued under this paragraph by the Secretary shall be final and conclusive unless such person files an appeal from such order with the appropriate United States court of appeals not later than 30 days after such person receives notice of such order. (2)(A) A person against whom an order is issued under paragraph (1) may obtain review of such order in the court of appeals of the United States for the circuit in which such person resides or does business, or in the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, by— (i) filing a notice of appeal in such court not later than 30 days after the date of such order; and (ii) simultaneously sending a copy of such notice by certified mail to the Secretary. (B) The Secretary shall file promptly in such court a certified copy of the record on which such violation was found. (C) A finding of the Secretary shall be set aside only if the finding ia found to be unsupported by substantial evidence. (3)(A) A person who fails to obey a valid cease-and-desist order issued under paragraph (1) by the Secretary, after an opportunity for a hearing, shall be subject to a civil penalty assessed by the Secretary of not more than $500 for each offense. (B) Each day during which such failure continues shall be considered a separate violation of such order. (4)(A) If a person fails to pay a valid civil penalty imposed under this subsection by the Secretary, the Secretary shall refer the matter to the Attorney General for recovery of the amount assessed in an appropriate district court of the United States. (B) In such action, the validity and appropriateness of the order imposing such civil penalty shall not be subject to review., ^,,.,

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99 STAT. 1621

(c) The remedies provided in subsections (a) and (b) shall be in addition to, and not exclusive of, other remedies that may be available. INVESTIGATIONS

SEC. 1627. (a) The Secretary may make such investigf dons as the 7 USC 4816. Secretary considers necessary— (1) for the effective administration of this subtitle; or (2) to determine whether a person subject to this subtitle has Regulations. engaged, or is about to engage, in an act that constitutes, or will constitute, a violation of this subtitle or an order, rule, or regulation issued under this subtitle. (b)(1) For the purpose of such investigation, the Secretary may administer oaths and affirmations, subpoena witnesses, compel their attendance, take evidence, and require the production of any records that are relevant to the inquiry. (2) Such attendance of witnesses and the production of such records may be required from any place in the United States. (c)(1) In the case of contumacy, or refusal to obey a subpoena, by a person, the Secretary may invoke the aid of a court of the United States with jurisdiction over such investigation or proceeding, or where such person resides or does business, in requiring the attendance and testimony of such person and the production of such records. (2) The court may issue an order requiring such person to appear before the Secretary to produce records or to give testimony touching the matter under investigation. (3) A failure to obey an order issued under this section by the court may be punished by the court as a contempt thereof. (4) Process in such case may be served in the judicial district in which such person is an inhabitant or wherever such person may be found. PREEMPTION

SEC. 1628. (a) This subtitle is intended to occupy the field of— (1) promotion and consumer education involving pork and pork products; and (2) obtaining funds therefor from pork producers. Ob) The regulation of such activity (other than a regulation or requirement relating to a matter of public health or the provision of State or local funds for such activity) that is in addition to or different from this subtitle may not be imposed by a State. (c) This section shall apply only during a period beginning on the date of the commencement of the collection of assessments under section 1620 and ending on the date of the termination of the collection of assessments under section 1622(a)(3) or 1622(b)(l)(B).

7 USC 4817.

Regulations. Prohibition.

Ante, p. 1614. Ante, p. 1618.

ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISION

SEC. 1629. The provisions of this subtitle applicable to orders shall be applicable to amendments to orders.

7 USC 4818.

AUTHORIZATION FOR APPROPRIATIONS

SEC. 1630. (a) There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for the Secretary to carry out this subtitle,

7 USC 4819.

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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 99 Part 2.djvu/512

 99 STAT. 1622 Ante, p. 1620.

PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985

subject to reimbursement from the Board under section 1620(c)(3)(B)(iv). (b) Sums appropriated to carry out this subtitle shall not be available for payment of an expense or expenditure incurred by the Board in administering an order. EFFECTIVE DATE

Effective date. 7 USC 4801 note. Watermelon Research and Promotion Act. 7 USC 4901 note.

SEC. 1631. This subtitle shall become effective on January 1, 1986. Subtitle C—Watermelon Research and Promotion Act SHORT TITLE

SEC. 1641. This subtitle may be cited as the "Watermelon Research and Promotion Act". FINDINGS AND DECLARATION OF POLICY

7 USC 4901 note.

Prohibition.

SEC. 1642. (a) Congress finds that— (1) the per capita consumption of watermelons in the United States has declined steadily in recent years; (2) watermelons are an important cash crop to many farmers in the United States and are an economical, enjoyable, and healthful food for consumers; (3) approximately 2,607,600,000 pounds of watermelons with a farm value of $158,923,000 were produced in 1981 in the United States; (4) watermelons move in the channels of interstate commerce, and watermelons that do not move in such channels directly affect interstate commerce; (5) the maintenance and expansion of existing markets and the establishment of new or improved markets and uses for watermelons are vital to the welfare of watermelon growers and those concerned with marketing, using, and handling watermelons, as well as the general economic welfare of the Nation; and (6) the development and implementation of coordinated programs of research, development, advertising, and promotion are necessary to maintain and expand existing markets and establish new or improved markets and uses for watermelons. (b) It is declared to be the policy of Congress that it is essential in the public interest, through the exercise of the powers provided herein, to authorize the establishment of an orderly procedure for the development, financing (through adequate assessments on watermelons harvested in the United States for commercial use), and carrying out of an effective, continuous, and coordinated program of research, development, advertising, and promotion designed to strengthen the watermelon's competitive position in the marketplace, and establish, maintain, and expand domestic and foreign markets for watermelons produced in the United States. The purpose of this subtitle is to so authorize the establishment of such procedure and the development, financing, and carrying out of such program. Nothing in this subtitle may be construed to dictate quality standards nor provide for the control of production or otherwise limit the right of individual watermelon producers to produce watermelons. ,,;„,...,. „„....,... -^.^..-^..^i^.:-.- .,.......... ^-..

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99 STAT. 1623

DEFINITIONS

SEC. 1643. As used in this subtitle— 7 USC 4902. (1) the term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Agriculture; (2) the term "person" means any individual, group of individuals, partnership, corporation, association, cooperative, or other entity; (3) the term "watermelon" means all varieties of watermelon grown by producers in the forty-eight contiguous States of the United States; (4) the term "handler" means any person (except a common or contract carrier of watermelons owned by another person) who handles watermelons in a manner specified in a plan issued under this subtitle or in regulations promulgated thereunder; (5) the term "producer" means any person engaged in the growing of five or more acres of watermelons; (6) the term "promotion" means any action taken by the Board, under this subtitle, to present a favorable image for watermelons to the public with the express intent of improving the competitive position of watermelons in the marketplace and stimulating sales of watermelons, and shall include, but not be limited to, paid advertising; and (7) the term "Board" means the National Watermelon Promotion Board provided for in section 1644. infm. ISSUANCE OF PLANS

SEC. 1644. To effectuate the declared policy of this subtitle, the 7 USC 4903. Secretary shall, under the provisions of this subtitle, issue, and from time to time may amend, orders (applicable to producers and handlers of watermelons) authorizing the collection of gissessments on watermelons under this subtitle and the use of such funds to cover the costs of research, development, advertising, and promotion with respect to watermelons under this subtitle. Any order issued by the Secretary under this subtitle shall hereinafter in this subtitle be referred to as a "plan". Any plan shall be applicable to watermelons produced in the forty-eight contiguous States of the United States. NOTICE AND HEARINGS

SEC. 1645. (a) When sufficient evidence, as determined by the 7 USC 4904. Secretary, is presented to the Secretary by watermelon producers and handlers, or whenever the Secretary has reason to believe that a plan will tend to effectuate the declared policy of this subtitle, the Secretary shall give due notice and opportunity for a hearing on a proposed plan. Such hearing may be requested by watermelon producers or handlers or by any other interested person, including the Secretary, when the request for such hearing is accompanied by a proposal for a plan. (b) After notice and opportunity for hearing as provided in Subsection (a) of this section, the Secretary shall issue a plan if the Secretary finds, and sets forth in such plan, on the evidence introduced at the hearing that the issuance of the plan and all the terms and conditions thereof will tend to effectuate the declared policy of this subtitle.

51-194 O - 88 -

17: QL. 3

Part 2

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Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 99 Part 2.djvu/514

 99 STAT. 1624

PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985 REGULATIONS

7 USC 4905.

SEC. 1646. The Secretary may issue such regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this subtitle and the powers vested in the Secretary under this subtitle. REQUIRED TERMS IN PLANS

7 USC 4906.

Regulations. Report.

Post, p. 1625.

Prohibition.

SEC. 1647. (a) Any plan issued under this subtitle shall contain the terms and provisions described in this section. (b) The plan shall provide for the establishment by the Secretary of the National Watermelon Promotion Board and for defining its powers and duties, which shall include the powers to— (1) administer the plan in accordance with its terms and conditions; (2) make rules and regulations to effectuate the terms and conditions of the plan; (3) receive, investigate, and report to the Secretary complaints of violations of the plan; and (4) recommend to the Secretary amendments to the plan. (c) The plan shall provide that the Board shall be composed of representatives of producers and handlers, and one representative of the public, appointed by the Secretary from nominations submitted in accordance with this subsection. An equal number of representatives of producers and handlers shall be nominated by producers and handlers, and the representative of the public shall be nominated by the producer and handler members of the Board, in such manner as may be prescribed by the Secretary. If producers and handlers fail to select nominees for appointment to the Board, the Secretary may appoint persons on the basis of representation as provided for in the plan. If the Board fails to nominate a public representative, the Secretary shall choose such representative for appointment. (d) The plan shall provide that all Board members shall serve without compensation, but shall be reimbursed for reasonable expenses incurred in performing their duties as members of the Board. (e) The plan shall provide that the Board shall prepare and submit to the Secretary for the Secretary's approval a budget, on a fiscal period basis, of its anticipated expenses and disbursements in the administration of the plan, including probable costs of research, development, advertising, and promotion. (f) The plan shall provide for the fixing by the Secretary of assessments to cover costs incurred under the budgets provided for in subsection (e), and under section 1648(f), based on the Board's recommendation as to the appropriate rate of assessment, and for the collection of the assessments by the Board. (g) The plan shall provide that— (1) funds collected by the Board shall be used for research, development, advertising, or promotion of watermelons and such other expenses for the administration, maintenance, and functioning of the Board as may be authorized by the Secretary, including any referendum and administrative costs incurred by the Department of Agriculture under this subtitle; (2) no advertising or sales promotion program under this subtitle shall make any reference to private brand names nor use false or unwarranted claims in behalf of watermelons or

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 PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985

99 STAT. 1625

their products or false or unwarranted statements with respect to attributes or use of any competing products; (3) no funds collected by the Board shall in any manner be used for the purpose of influencing governmental policy or action, except as provided by subsections (b)(4) and (f); and (4) assessments shall be made on watermelons produced by producers and watermelons handled by handlers, and the rate of such assessments shall be the same, on a per-unit basis, for producers and handlers. If a person performs both producing and handling functions, both assessments shall be paid by such person. (h) The plan shall provide that, notwithstanding any other provisions of this subtitle, any watermelon producer or handler against whose watermelons an assessment is made and collected under this subtitle and who is not in favor of supporting the research, development, advertising, and promotion program provided for under this subtitle shall have the right to demand a refund of the assessment from the Board, under regulations, and on a form and within a time period (not less than 90 days), prescribed by the Board and approved by the Secretary. A producer or handler who timely makes demand in accord with the regulations, on submission of proof satisfactory to the Board that the producer or handler paid the assessment for which the refund is sought, shall receive such refund within 60 days after demand therefor. (i) The plan shall provide that the Board, subject to the provisions of subsections (e), (f), and (g), shall develop and submit to the Secretary, for the Secretary's approval, any research, development, advertising, or promotion program or project, and that a program or project must be approved by the Secretary before becoming effective. (j) The plan shall provide the Board with authority to enter into contracts or agreements, with the approval of the Secretary, for the development and carrying out of research, development, advertising, or promotion programs or projects, and the payment of the cost thereof with funds collected under this subtitle. (k) The plan shall provide that the Board shall (1) maintain books and records, (2) prepare and submit to the Secretary such reports from time to time as may be prescribed for appropriate accounting with respect to the receipt and disbursement of funds entrusted to it, and (3) cause a complete audit report to be submitted to the Secretary at the end of each fiscal period.

Prohibition.

Regulations.

Contracts.

Report.

PERMISSIVE TERMS IN PLANS

SEC. 1648. (a) Any plan issued under this subtitle may contain one 7 USC 4907. or more of the terms and provisions described in this section, but except as provided in section 1647 no others. Ante, p. 1624. (b) The plan may provide for the exemption, from the provisions of the plan, of watermelons used for nonfood uses, and authority for the Board to establish satisfactory safeguards against improper use of such exemption. (c) The plan may provide for the designation of different handler payment and reporting schedules with respect to assessments, as provided for in sections 1647 and 1649, to recognize differences in Post, p. 1626. marketing practices and procedures used in different production areas.

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Ante, p. 1624.

Prohibition.

PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985

(d) The plan may provide for the establishment, issuance, effectuation, and administration of appropriate programs or projects for the advertising and other sales promotion of watermelons and for the disbursement of necessary funds for such purposes. Any such program or project shall be directed toward increasing the general demand for watermelons, and promotional activities shall comply with the provisions of sectipn 1647(g). (e) The plan may provide for establishing and carrying out research and development projects and studies to the end that the marketing and use of watermelons may be encouraged, expanded, improved, or made more efficient, and for the disbursement of necessary funds for such purposes. (f) The plsm may provide authority for the accumulation of reserve funds from assessments collected under this subtitle, to permit an effective and continuous coordinated program of research, development, advertising, and promotion in years when watermelon production and assessment income may be reduced, except that the total reserve fund may not exceed the amount budgeted for two years operation. (g) The plan may provide for the use of funds from assessments collected under this subtitle, with the approval of the Secretary, for the development and expansion of sales of watermelons in foreign markets. (h) The plan may contain terms and conditions incidental to and not inconsistent with the terms and conditions specified in this subtitle and necessary to effectuate the other provisions of the plan. ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES

Records. Prohibition. 7 USC 4908.

Records. Regulation.

SEC. 1649. (a) Each handler required to pay assessments under a plan, as provided for under section 1647(f), shall be responsible for payment to the Board, as it may direct, of the assessments. A handler also shall collect from any producer, or shall deduct from the proceeds paid to any producer, on whose watermelons a producer assessment is made, the assessments required to be paid by the producer. The handler shall remit producer assessments to the Board as the Board directs. Such handler shall maintain a separate record with respect to each producer for whom watermelons were handled. Such records shall indicate the total quantity of watermelons handled by the handler, including those handled for producers and for the handler, the total quantity of watermelons handled by the handler that are included under the terms of the plan, as well as those that are exempt under the plan, and such other information as may be prescribed by the Board. To facilitate the collection and payment of assessments, the Board may designate different handlers or classes of handlers to recognize differences in marketing practices or procedures used in any State or area. The handler shall be assessed an equal amount as the producer. No more than one assessment on a producer nor more than one assessment on a handler shall be made on any watermelons. (b) Handlers responsible for payment of gissessments under subsection (a) shall maintain and make available for inspection by the Secretary such books and records as required by the plan and file reports at the times, in the manner, and having the content prescribed by the plan, to the end that information and data shall be made available to the Board and to the Secretary that is appropriate

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or necessary to the effectuation, administration, or enforcement of this subtitle or of any plan or regulation issued under this subtitle. (c) All information obtained under subsections (a) and (b) shall be Prohibition, kept confidential by all officers and employees of the Department of Agriculture and of the Board, and only such information so furnished or acquired as the Secretary deems relevant shall be disclosed by them, and then only in a suit or administrative hearing brought at the direction, or on the request, of the Secretary, or to which the Secretary or any officer of the United States is a party, and involving the plan with reference to which the information to be disclosed was furnished or acquired. Nothing in this subsection shall be deemed to prohibit— (1) the issuance of general statements based on the reports of a number of handlers subject to a plan if such statements do not identify the information furnished by any person; or (2) the publication by direction of the Secretary of the name of any person violating any plan together with a statement of the particular provisions of the plan violated by such person. Any such officer or employee violating the provisions of this subsection shall be subject to a fine of not more than $1,000 or imprisonment for not more than one year, or both, and shall be removed from office. PETITION AND REVIEW

SEC. 1650. (a) Any person subject to a plan may file a written Regulations. petition with the Secretary, stating that the plan or any provision of 7 USC 4909. the plan, or any obligation imposed in connection therewith, is not in accordance with law and praying for a modification thereof or to be exempted therefrom. The person shall be given an opportunity for a hearing on the petition, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary. After the hearing, the Secretary shall make a ruling on the petition, which shall be final if in accordance with the law. (b) The district courts of the United States in any district in which the person is an inhabitant, or in which the person's principal place of business is located, are hereby vested with jurisdiction to review such ruling, provided that a complaint for that purpose is filed within twenty days from the date of the entry of the ruling. Service of process in such proceedings may be had on the Secretary by delivering to the Secretary a copy of the complaint. If the court determines that the ruling is not in accordance with law, it shall remand the proceedings to the Secretary with directions either to (1) make such ruling as the court shall determine to be in accordance with law, or (2) take such further proceedings as, in its opinion, the law requires. The pendency of proceedings instituted under subsection (a) shall not impede or delay the United States or the Secretary from obtaining relief under section 1851(a). ENFORCEMENT

SEC. 1651. (a) The several district courts of the United States are Regulations. vested with jurisdiction specifically to enforce, and to prevent and Prohibition. restrain any person from violating, any plan or regulation made or 7 USC 4910. issued under this subtitle. The facts relating to any civil action that may be brought under this subsection shall be referred to the Attorney General for appropriate action, except that nothing in this subtitle shall be construed as requiring the Secretary to refer to the

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Regulations.

PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985

Attorney General violations of this subtitle whenever the Secretary believes that the administration and enforcement of the plan or regulation would be adequately served by administrative action under subsection (b) or suitable written notice or warning to any person committing the violations. (b)(1) Any person who violates any provision of any plan or regulation issued by the Secretary under this subtitle, or who fails or refuses to pay, collect, or remit any assessment or fee required of the person thereunder, may be assessed a civil penalty by the Secretary of not less than $500 nor more than $5,000 for each violation. Each violation shall be a separate offense. In addition to or in lieu of such civil penalty, the Secretary may issue an order requiring the person to cease and desist from continuing the violation. No penalty shall be assessed nor cease and desist order issued unless the person is given notice and opportunity for a hearing before the Secretary with respect to the violation. The order of the Secretary assessing a penalty or imposing a cease and desist order shall be final and conclusive unless the person affected by the order files an appeal from the Secretary's order with the appropriate United States court of appeals. (2) Any person against whom a violation is found and a civil penalty assessed or cease and desist order issued under paragraph (1) may obtain review in the court of appeals of the United States for the circuit in which such person resides or carries on business or in the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit by filing a notice of appeal in such court within thirty days after the date of the order and by simultaneously sending a copy of the notice by certified mail to the Secretary. The Secretary shall promptly file in such court a certified copy of the record on which the violation was found. The findings of the Secretary shall be set aside only if found to be unsupported by substantial evidence. (3) Any person who fails to obey a cease and desist order after it has become final and unappealable, or after the appropriate court of appeals has entered a final judgment in favor of the Secretary, shall be subject to a civil penalty assessed by the Secretary, after opportunity for a hearing and for judicial review under the procedures specified in paragraphs (1) and (2), of not more than $500 for each offense. Each day during which the failure continues shall be deemed a separate offense. (4) If any person fails to pay an assessment of a civil penalty after it has become a final and unappealable order, or after the appropriate court of appeals has entered final judgment in favor of the Secretary, the Secretary shall refer the matter to the Attorney General for recovery of the amount assessed in any appropriate district court of the United States. In such action, the validity and appropriateness of the final order imposing the civil penalty shall not be subject to review. INVESTIGATION AND POWER TO SUBPOENA

Regulations. 7 USC 4911.

SEC. 1652. (a) The Secretary may make such investigations as the Secretary deems necessary to carry out effectively the Secretary's responsibilities under this subtitle or to determine whether a handler or any other person has engaged or is engaging in any acts or practices that constitute a violation of any provision of this subtitle, or of any plan or regulation issued under this subtitle. For the purpose of an investigation, the Secretary may administer oaths and

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affirmations, subpoena witnesses, compel their attendance, take evidence, and require the production of any books, papers, and documents that are relevant to the inquiry. The attendance of witnesses and the production of records may be required from any place in the United States. In case of contumacy by, or refusal to obey a subpoena issued to, any person, including a handler, the Secretary may invoke the aid of any court of the United States within the jurisdiction of which such investigation or proceeding is carried on, or where such person resides or carries on business, in requiring the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of books, papers, and documents; and such court may issue an order requiring the person to appear before the Secretary, there to produce records, if so ordered, or to give testimony touching the matter under investigation. Any failure to obey such order of the court may be punished by the court as contempt thereof. All process in any such case may be served in the judicial district in which the person is an inhabitant or wherever the person may be found. The site of any hearing held under this subsection shall be within the judicial district in which the handler or other person is an inhabitant or in which the person's principal place of business is located. (b) No person shall be excused from attending and testifying or from producing books, papers, and documents before the Secretary, or in obedience to the subpoena of the Secretary, or in any cause or proceeding, criminal or otherwise, based on, or growing out of, any alleged violation of this subtitle, or of any plan or regulation issued thereunder, on the grounds that the testimony or evidence, documentary or otherwise, required of the person may tend to incriminate the person or subject the person to a penalty or forfeiture. However, no person shall be prosecuted or subjected to any penalty or forfeiture on account of any transaction, matter, or thing concerning which the person is compelled, after having claimed the person's privilege against self-incrimination, to testify or produce evidence, documentary or otherwise, except that any individual so testifying shall not be exempt from prosecution and punishment for perjury committed in so testifying.

Prohibition. Regulation.

REQUIREMENT OF REFERENDUM

SEC. 1653. The Secretary shall conduct a referendum among producers and handlers not exempt under sections 1643(5) and 1648(b) who, during a representative period determined by the Secretary, have been engaged in the production or handling of watermelons, for the purpose of ascertaining whether the issuance of a plan is approved or favored by producers and handlers. The referendum shall be conducted at the county extension offices. No plan issued under this subtitle shall be effective unless the Secretary determines that the issuance of the plan is approved or favored by not less than two-thirds of the producers and handlers voting in such referendum, or by the producers and handlers of not less than two-thirds of the watermelons produced and handled during the representative period by producers and handlers voting in such referendum, and by not less than a majority of the producers and a majority of the handlers voting in the referendum. The ballots and other information or reports that reveal or tend to reveal the vote of any producer or handler or the person's volume of watermelons produced or handled shall be held strictly confidential and shall not be disclosed. Any officer or employee of the Department of

Prohibition. 7 USC 4912. Ante, p. 1623. Ante, p. 1625.

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Agriculture violating the provisions hereof shall be subject to the penalties provided in section 1649(c) of this subtitle. SUSPENSION OR TERMINATION OF PLANS

7 USC 4913.

SEC. 1654. (a) Whenever the Secretary finds that a plan or any provision thereof obstructs or does not tend to effectuate the declared policy of this subtitle, the Secretary shall terminate or suspend the operation of the plan or provision. (b) The Secretary may conduct a referendum at any time, and shall hold a referendum on request of the Board or 10 per centum or more of the watermelon producers and handlers eligible to vote in a referendum, to determine if watermelon producers and handlers favor the termination or suspension of the plan. The Secretary shall terminate or suspend the plan at the end of the marketing year whenever the Secretary determines that the termination or suspension is favored by a majority of those voting in the referendum, and who produce or handle more thaiv 50 per centum of the volume of the watermelons produced by the producers or handled by the handlers voting in the referendum. Any such referendum shall be conducted at county extension offices. AMENDMENT PROCEDURE

7 USC 4914.

SEC. 1655. The provisions of this subtitle applicable to plans shall be applicable to amendments to plans. SEPARABILITY

Provisions held invalid. Prohibition. 7 USC 4915.

SEC. 1656. If any provision of this subtitle or the application thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of this subtitle and the application of such provision to other persons and circumstances shall not be affected thereby. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS

Prohibition. 7 USC 4916.

SEC. 1657. There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out the provisions of this subtitle, except that the funds so appropriated shall not be available for the payment of any expenses or expenditures of the Board in administering any provision of any plan issued under authority of this subtitle. Subtitle D—Marketing Orders MAXIMUM PENALTY FOR ORDER VIOLATIONS

7 USC 674. Prohibition. 7 USC 608c note.

SEC. 1661. (a) Section 8c(14) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act (7 U.S.C. 608c(14)), reenacted with amendments by the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, is amended by striking out "$500" and inserting in lieu thereof "$5,000". (b) The amendment made by subsection (a) shall not apply with respect to any violation described in section 8c(14) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act occurring before the date of the enactment of this Act.

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LIMITATION ON AUTHORITY TO TERMINATE MARKETING ORDERS

SEC. 1662. (a) Section 8c(16) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act (7 U.S.C. 608c(16)), reenacted with amendments by the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, is amended by— (1) in subparagraph (A)— (A) striking out "The Secretary" and inserting in lieu thereof "(i) Except as provided in clause (ii), the Secretary"; and (B) adding at the end thereof the following: "(ii) The Secretary may not terminate any order issued under this section for a commodity for which there is no Federal program established to support the price of such commodity unless the Secretary gives notice of, and a statement of the reasons relied upon by the Secretary for, the proposed termination of such order to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives not later than 60 days before the date such order will be terminated."; and (2) in subparagraph (C), striking out "The termination" and inserting in lieu thereof "Except as otherwise provided in this subsection with respect to the termination of an order issued under this section, the termination". (b) The Secretary of Agriculture may not terminate any marketing order under section 8c(16) of the of the Agricultural Adjustment Act (7 U.S.C. 608c(16)), reenacted with amendments by the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, if such termination becomes effective before January 16, 1986.

7 USC 674.

Prohibition, '^ USC 608c "°^-

CONFIDENTIAUTY OF INFORMATION

SEC. 1663. Section 8d(2) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act (7 U.S.C. 608d(2)), reenacted with amendments by the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937, is amended by— (1) inserting in the first sentence after "pursuant to this section" the following: ", as well as information for marketing order programs that is categorized as trade secrets and commercial or financial information exempt under section 552(b)(4) of title 5 of the United States Code from disclosure under section 552 of such title,"; and (2) inserting after the first sentence the following: "Notwith- Milk, standing the preceding sentence, any such information relating to a marketing agreement or order applicable to milk may be released upon the authorization of any regulated milk handler to whom such information pertains. The Secretary shall notify the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives not later than 10 legislative days before the contemplated release under law, of the names and addresses of producers participating in such marketing agreements and orders, and shall include in such notice a statement of reasons relied upon by the Secretary in making the determination to release such names and addresses.".

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PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985 Subtitle E—Grain Inspection GRAIN STANDARDS

SEC. 1671. Section 4 of the United States Grain Standards Act (7 U.S.C. 76) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following: "(c) If the Government of any country requests that moisture content remain a criterion in the official grade designations of grain, such criterion shall be included in determining the official grade designation of grain shipped to such country.". NEW GRAIN CLASSIFICATIONS 7 USC 76 note.

Report. Wheat.

SEC. 1672. (a) The Secretary of Agriculture shall direct the Federal Grain Inspection Service and the Agricultural Research Service to cooperate in developing new means of establishing grain classifications taking into account characteristics other than those visually evident. (b) The Secretary shall report to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate, semiannually, with the first report due not later than December 31, 1985, on the status of cooperative efforts required under subsection (a), as such efforts relate to more accurately classifying types of wheat and other grains currently in use. STUDY OF GRAIN STANDARDS

R^ulation.

Prohibition.

SEC. 1673. (a)(1) The Office of Technology Assessment shall conduct a study of United States grain export quality standards and grain handling practices. (2) The Office of Technology Assessment shall conduct such study— (A) in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture; and (B) in accordance with Section 3(d) of Technology Assessment . Act of 1972 (2 U.S.C. 472(d)). (b) In conducting such study, the Office of Technology Assessment shall— (1) evaluate the competitive problems the United States faces in international grain markets that may be attributed to grain quality standards and handling practices rather than price; (2) identify the extent to which United States grain export quality standards and handling practices have contributed toward the recent decline in United States grain exports; and (3) perform a comparative analysis between— (A) the grain quality standards and practices of the United States and the major grain export competitors of the United States; (B) the grain handling technology of the United States and the major grain export competitors of the United States; (4) evaluate the consequences on United States export grain sales, the cost of exporting grain, and the prices received by farmers should United States export grain elevators be subject, by law or regulation, to requirements that— (A) no dockage or foreign material (including but not limited to dust or particles of whatever origin) once removed from grain shall be recombined with any grain if

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there is a possibility that the recombined product may be exported from the United States; (B) no dockage or foreign material of any origin may be added to any grain that may be exported if the result will be to reduce the grade or quality of the grain or to reduce the ability of the grain to resist spoilage; and (C) no blending of grain with a similar grain of different moisture content may be permitted if the difference between the moisture contents of the grains being blended is more than 1 percent; and (5) evaluate the current method of establishing grain classification, the feasibility of utilizing new technology to correctly classify grains, and the impact of new seed varieties on exports and users of grain. (c) Not later than December 1, 1986, the Office of Technology Assessment shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report containing the results of the study required under this section, together with such comments and recommendations for the improvement of United States grain export quality standards and handling practices as the Office of Technology Assessment considers appropriate.

Prohibition,

Prohibition,

Exports,

Report.

TITLE XVII—RELATED AND MISCELLANEOUS MATTERS Subtitle A—Processing, Inspection, and Labeling POULTRY INSPECTION

SEC. 1701. (a) Section 17 of the Poultry Products Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 466) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following new subsection: "(d)(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, all poultry, or parts or products thereof, capable of use as human food offered for importation into the United States shall— "(A) be subject to the same inspection, sanitary, quality, species verification, and residue standards applied to products produced in the United States; and "(B) have been processed in facilities and under conditions that are the same as those under which similar products are processed in the United States. "(2) Any such imported poultry article that does not meet such standards shall not be permitted entry into the United States. "(3) The Secretary shall enforce this subsection through— "(A) random inspections for such species verification and for residues; and "(B) random sampling and testing of internal organs and fat of carcasses for residues at the point of slaughter by the exporting country, in accordance with methods approved by the Secretary.", (b) The amendment made by this section shall become effective 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act.

Prohibition.

Effective date. 21 USC 466 note.

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PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985 INSPECTION AND OTHER STANDARDS FOR IMPORTED MEAT AND MEAT FOOD PRODUCTS

Prohibition.

Animals. Prohibition.

SEC. 1702. (a) Section 20(f) of the Federal Meat Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 620(f)) is amended by striking out the last sentence and inserting in lieu thereof the following: "Each foreign country from which such meat articles are offered for importation into the United States shall obtain a certification issued by the Secretary stating that the country maintains a program using reliable analytical methods to ensure compliance with the United States standards for residues in such meat articles. No such meat article shall be permitted entry into the United States from a country for which the Secretary has not issued such certification. The Secretary shall periodically review such certifications and shall revoke any certification if the Secretary determines that the country involved is not maintaining a program that uses reliable analytical methods to ensure compliance with United States standards for residues in such meat articles. The consideration of any application for a certification under this subsection and the review of any such certification, by the Secretary, shall include the inspection of individual establishments to ensure that the inspection program of the foreign country involved is meeting such United States standards.". (b) Section 20 of the Federal Meat Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 620) is amended by adding at the end thereof the following: "(g) The Secretary may prescribe terms and conditions under which cattle, sheep, swine, goats, horses, mules, and other equines that have been administered an animal drug or antibiotic banned for use in the United States may be imported for slaughter and human consumption. No person shall enter cattle, sheep, swine, goats, horses, mules, and other equines into the United States in violation of any order issued under this subsection by the Secretary.". EXAMINATION AND REPORT OF LABEUNG AND SANITATION STANDARDS FOR IMPORTATION OF AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES

Study.

Regulations. Animals.

Reports.

SEC. 1703. (a)(1) The Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct a study of Department of Health and Human Services and Department of Agriculture product purity and inspection requirements and regulations currently in effect for imported food products and agricultural commodities. The study shall evaluate the effectiveness of Federal regulations and inspection procedures to detect prohibited chemical residues and foreign matter in or on food or raw agricultural commodities in processed or unprocessed form. (2) The study shall include a review of Federal regulations and inspection procedures currently in effect to detect in imported live animals chemicals and chemical residues the use of which is prohibited in the production of domestic live animals. (3) The study shall include recommendations regarding the feasibility of requiring that quality control reports relating to product purity and inspection procedures be submitted from processing plants certified by the Secretary of Agriculture as eligible to export meat and meat food products to the United States. (4) The study shall include recommendations on the adequacy of the Department of Health and Human Services and the Department of Agriculture to prescribe and enforce food sanitation requirements

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and chemical and chemical residue standards for imported agricultural commodities and food products. (b) The study also shall evaluate the feasibility of requiring all imported meat and meat food products, agricultural commodities, and products of such commodities to bear a label stating the country of origin of such commodities and products. The study shall include an evaluation of the feasibility of requiring any person owning or operating an eating establishment that serves any meat or meat food product required to be marked or labeled under paragraph (1) or (2) of section 7(c) of the Federal Meat Inspection Act (21 U.S.C. 607(c)) to inform individuals purchasing food from such establishment that meat or meat food products served at the establishment may be imported articles— (1) by displaying a sign indicating that imported meat is served in such establishment; or (2) by providing the information specified in paragraph (1) of such section 7(c) on the menus offered to such individuals. (c) The Secretary shall submit the results of the study conducted under subsection (a) to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate not later than one year after the date of enactment of this Act. POTATO INSPECTION

SEC. 1704. The Secretary of Agriculture shall perform random spot checks of potatoes entering through ports of entry in the northeastern United States. The Secretary of Agriculture shall report to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate and the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives the results of such spot checks. Subtitle B—Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Committees LOCAL COMMITTEES

SEC. 1711. (a) The fifth paragraph of section 8(b) of the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act (16 U.S.C. 590h(b)) is amended— (1) by striking out the third sentence and inserting in lieu thereof the following: "There shall be 3 local administrative areas in each county, except that, in counties with less than one hundred and fifty farmers, the county committee selected as hereinafter provided may reduce the number of local administrative areas to one, and except that the Secretary may include more than one county or parts of different counties in a local administrative area when the Secretary determines that there are insufficient farmers in an area to establish a slate of candidates for a community committee and hold an election. (2) by striking out "annually" in the fourth sentence (as it existed before the amendments made by this section); (3) by inserting after the fourth sentence (as it existed before the amendments made by this section) the following new sentences: "Each member of a local committee shall be elected for a term of 3 years. Each local committee shall meet (A) once each year and shall receive compensation for such meeting by the Secretary at not less than the level in effect on December 31,

Report, 1^^^^^ note.

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Effective date. ffi'n^^^m note

l6 USC 590h.

PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985

1985, and (B) at the direction of the county committee and with the approval of the State committee, such additional times during the year as may be necessary to carry out this section without compensation. The meetings of a local committee shall be held on different days of the year."; and (4) by inserting after the eighth sentence (as it existed before the amendments made by this section) the following new sentences: "The local committees in each county shall (A) in a county in which there is more than one local committee, serve as advisors and consultants to the county committee; (B) periodically meet with the county committee and State committee to be informed on farm program issues; (C) communicate with producers within their communities on issues or concerns regarding farm programs; (D) report to the county committee, the State committee, and other interested persons on changes to, or modifications of, farm programs recommended by producers in their communities; and (E) perform such other functions as are required by law or as the Secretary may specify. The Secretary shall ensure that information concerning changes in Federal laws in effect with respect to agricultural programs and the administration of such laws are communicated in a timely manner to local committees in areas that contain agricultural producers who might be affected by such changes.". (b)(1) The amendments made by this section shall become effective °^ January 1, 1986, except that the amendments made by clauses (2) ^^^ ^^^ °^ subsection (a) shall not apply with respect to the term of office of any member of a local committee elected before January 1, 1986. (2) If the number of local administrative areas and local committees in a county increases as a result of a change in the number of local administrative areas in the county under section 8(b) of the Soil O)nservation and Domestic Allotment Act (as amended by subsection (a)(D), any member of a local committee in such county elected before January 1, 1986, shall serve the unexpired portion of any term commenced before the date of such increase as a member of the local committee for the administrative area in which such member resides. COUNTY COMMITTEES

SEC. 1712. The first sentence of the fifth paragraph of section 8(b) of the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act (16 U.S.C. 590h(b)) is amended— (1) by inserting "and as otherwise directed by law with respect to other programs and functions," after "Alaska,"; and (2) by inserting a semicolon and "and the Secretary may use the services of such committees in carrying out other programs and functions of the Department of Agriculture" before the period at the end thereof. SALARY AND TRAVEL EXPENSES

SEC. 1713. (a) Section 388(b) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 (7 U.S.C. 1388(b)) is amended— (1) by inserting "(1)" after the subsection designation; and (2) by adding at the end thereof the following new paragraph: "(2)(A) The Secretary shall provide compensation to members of such county committees (at not less than the level in effect on

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December 31, 1985 for county committees) for work actually performed by such persons in cooperating in carrying out the Acts in connection with which such committees are used. "(B) The rate of compensation received by such persons for such work on the date of enactment of the Food Security Act of 1985 shall be increased at the discretion of the Secretary.". (b) Section 388 of such Act is amended by adding at the end 7 USC 1388 thereof the following new subsection: "(c)(1) The Secretary shall make payments to members of local, county, and State committees to cover expenses for travel incurred by such persons (including, in the case of a member of a local or county committee, travel between the home of such member and the local county office of the Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service) in cooperating in carrsdng out the Acts in connection with which such Committees are used. "(2) Such travel expenses shall be paid in the manner authorized under section 5703 of title 5, United States Code, for the payment of expenses and allowances for individuals employed intermittently in the Federal Government service.". (c) The amendments made by this section shall become effective Effective date. 7 USC 1388 note. on January 1, 1986. Subtitle C—National Agricultural Policy Commission Act of 1985 SHORT TITLE

SEC. 1721. This subtitle may be cited as the "National Agricultural Policy Commission Act of 1985".

National Agricultural Policy eommission Act of 1985. 7 USC 5001 note

DEFINITIONS

SEC. 1722. As used in this subtitle— (1) the term "Commission" means the National Commission on Agricultural Policy established under section 1723; (2) the term "Governor" means the chief executive officer of a State; and (3) the term "State" means the fifty States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Virgin Islands, American Samoa, or the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.

7 USC 5001. Infra.

ESTABLISHMENT OF COMMISSION

SEC. 1723. (a) There is established a National Commission on Agricultural Policy to conduct a study of— (A) the structure, procedures, and methods of formulating and administering agricultural policies, programs, and practices of the United States; and (B) conditions in rural areas of the United States and the manner in which such conditions relate to the provision of public services by Federal, State, and local governments. (b) In addition to the members specified in subsection (c), the Commission shall be composed of fifteen members appointed by the President and selected as follows: (1) The President shall request Governors of States to nominate members representing individuals and industries directly affected by agricultursil policies, including—

National eommission on Agricultural Policy. Study. 7 USC 5002. Rural areas. State and local governments.

President of U.S.

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(A) producers of mcgor agricultural commodities or the products thereof in the United States; (B) processors or refiners of United States agricultural commodities or the products thereof; (C) exporters, transporters, or shippers of United States agricultural commodities or the products thereof; (D) suppliers of agricultural equipment or materials to United States farmers; (E) providers of financing or credit for agricultural purposes; and (F) consumers of United States agricultural commodities or the products thereof. (2) The Governor of a State may submit to the President a list of not less than two, nor more than four, nominees to serve on the Commission who represent individuals and industries referred to in paragraph (1). President of U.S. (3)(A) Except as provided in subparagraphs (B) and (C), the President shall appoint 15 individuals from a total of, to the extent practicable, not less than sixty individuals nominated by States under paragraph (2) to serve on the Commission. (B) The President may appoint to the Commission not more than— (i) one individual nominated by a particular State; and (ii) seven individuals of the same political party. (C) If the President determines that the individuals nominated by States under paragraph (2) are not broadly representative of the individuals and industries referred to in paragraph Prohibition. (1), the President may substitute no more than three other individuals t5 serve on the Commission who represent such individuals and industries. (c)(1) The chairmen and ranking minority members of the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate shall— (A) serve as ex officio members of the Commission; and (B) have the same voting rights as the members of the Commission selected and appointed under subsection (b). (2) The chairmen and ranking minority members may designate other members of the respective committees to serve in their stead as members of the Commission. (d) A vacancy in the Commission shall be filled in the manner in which the original appointment was made. (e) The Commission shall elect a chairman from emiong the members of the Commission who are selected and appointed under the provisions of subsection (b). (f) The Commission shall meet at the call of the chairman or a majority of the Commission. CONDUCT OF STUDY

7 USC 5003.

SEC. 1724. The Commission shall studyC the structure, procedures, and methods of formulating and D administering agricultural policies, programs, and practices of the United States, including— (A) the effectiveness of existing agricultural programs in improving farm income;

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(B) the manner in which the programs may be improved to retain a family-farm system of agricultural production; (C) the effect of legislative and administrative changes in agricultural policy on planning and long-term profitability of farmers; (D) the effect on farmers of the existing system and structure of formulating and implementing agriculture policy; (E) the effect of national and international economic trends on United States agricultural production; (F) the means of adjusting the agricultural policies, programs, and practices of the United States to meet changing economic conditions; (G) potential areas of conflict and compatibility between the structure of making agricultural policy and long-term stability in policy and practices; (H) changing demographic trends and the manner in which such trends affect agriculture and agricultural policy consistency; and (I) the role of State and local governments in future agricultural policy; and (2) conditions in rural areas of the United States and the manner in which such conditions relate to the provision of public services by Federal, State, and local governments, including an analysis of— (A) conditions that reflect the declining rural economy, including economic and demographic trendte, rural and agricultural income and debt, and other appropriate social and economic indicators of such conditions; (B) trends and fiscal conditions of rural local governments; (C) trends and patterns in the delivery of rural public services; (D) the impact of the deregulation of transportation, telecommunications, and banking on the rural economy and delivery of public services; and (E) trends and patterns of Federal, State, and local government financing, delivery, and regulation of public services in rural areas of the United S t a t ^.

State and local governments. State and local governments.

Transportation. Communications and telecommunications. Banks and banking. Regulations. Rural areas.

REPORTS

SEC. 1725. Not later than twelve months after the date of the enactment of this Act, and each twelve months thereafter during the existence of the Commission, the Commission shall submit an annual report to the President and Congress containing the findings and recommendations of the Commission with respect to the matters referred to in section 1724. The Commission may not comment on legislation pending before Congress unless specifically requested to do so by the Chairman of an appropriate committee.

7 USC 5004.

Ante, p. 1638.

ADMINISTRATION

SEC. 1726. (a) The heads of executive agencies, the General Accounting Office, the International Trade Commission, and the Congressional Budget Office, to the extent permitted by law, shall provide the Commission with such information as the Com-

7 USC 5005.

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5 USC 5101 et seq. 5 USC 5331 et seq.

Prohibition.

Records. 5 USC app.

5 USC app.

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mission may require in carrying out the duties and functions of the Commission. (b)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), members of the Commission shall serve without any additional compensation for work performed on the Commission. (2) Such members who are private citizens of the United States may be allowed travel expenses, including a per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by law for persons serving intermittently in the Government service under sections 5701 through 5707 of title 5, United States Code. (c) Subject to the availability of funds appropriated in advance and such rules as may be adopted by the Commission and without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appointments in the competitive service or the provisions of chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of such title relating to the classification and General Schedule pay rates, the Chairman of the Commission may appoint and fix the compensation of a director and such additional stsiff personnel as the Commission determines are necessary to carry out duties and functions of the Commission. (d)(1) On the request of the Commission, the Secretary of Agriculture shall furnish the Commission with such personnel and support services as are necessary to assist the Commission in carrying out duties and functions of the Commission. (2) On the request of the Commission, the heads of other executive agencies and the General Accounting Office may furnish the Commission with such personnel and support services as the head of the agency or Office and the Chairman of the Commission agree are necessary to assist the Commission in carrying out duties and functions of the Commission. (3) The Commission shall not be required to pay or reimburse an agency or the Office for personnel and support services provided under this section. (e)(1) In accordance with section 12 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act, the Secretary of Agriculture shall maintain recor<fe of— (A) the disposition of any funds that may be at the disposal of the Commission; and (B) the nature and extent of activities of the Commission. (2) The Comptroller General of the United States shall have access to such records for the purpose of audit and examination. (0 The Commission shall be exempt from sections 7(d), 10(e), 10(f), and 14 of the Federal Advisory Committees Act and sections 4301 through 4308 of title 5 of the United States Code. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS

7 USC 5006.

SEC. 1727. (a) There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this subtitle. (b) To the maximum extent practicable, this subtitle shall be carried out using funds otherwise available to the Secretary of Agriculture for the expenses of advisory committees. TERMINATION

7 USC 5007.

SEC. 1728. This subtitle and the Commission shall terminate five years after the date of enactment of this Act.

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Subtitle C—National Aquaculture Improvement Act of 1985

National Aquaculture

SHORT TITLE iTonlsf SEC. 1731. This subtitle may be cited as the "National Aqua- note. culture Improvement Act of 1985". FINDINGS, PURPOSE, AND POLICY

SEC. 1732. Section 2 of the National Aquaculture Act of 1980 (16 U.S.C. 2801) is amended— (1) by amending subsection (a)(3)— (A) by striking out "10 per centum" and inserting in lieu thereof "13 percent", and (B) by striking out "3 per centum" and inserting in lieu thereof "6 percent"; (2) by amending subsection (a)(7) by inserting "scientific," before "economic,, and by inserting "the lack of supportive Government policies," immediately after "management information,"; (3) by amending subsection (b)— (A) by striking out "and" at the end of paragraph (2), (B) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (4), and (C) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following new paragraph: "(3) establishing the Department of Agriculture as the lead Federal agency with respect to the coordination and dissemination of national aquaculture information by designating the Secretary of Agriculture as the permanent chairman of the coordinating group and by establishing a National Aquaculture Information Center within the Department of Agriculture; and"; and (4) by amending subsection (c) by inserting "for reducing the United States trade deficit in fisheries products," immediately after "potential" in the first sentence. DEFINITIONS

SEC. 1733. Section 3 of the National Aquaculture Act of 1980 (16 U.S.C. 2802) is amended— (1) by redesignating paragraph (8) as paragraph (9); and (2) by inserting after paragraph (7) the following new paragraph: "(8) The term 'Secretary' means the Secretary of Agriculture.". NATIONAL AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

SEC. 1734. Section 4 of the National Aquaculture Act of 1980 (16 U.S.C. 2803) is amended as follows: (1) Subsection (a) is amended— (A) by striking out "Secretaries" each place it appears in paragraph (2) and inserting in lieu thereof "Secretary"; (B) by amending the first sentence of paragraph (2) by inserting "the Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of the Interior," immediately after "shall consult with" (C) by striking out paragraph (3). (2) Subsection (b) is amended—

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PUBLIC LAW 99-198—DEC. 23, 1985 (A) by inserting "to" immediately after "determine" in paragraph (1); (B) by striking out "Secretaries deem" in paragraph (6) and inserting in heu thereof "Secretary deems"; and (C) by striking out "Secretaries" in the matter following pargigraph (6) and inserting in lieu thereof "Secretary". (3) Subsection (c) is amended— (A) by striking out "Secretaries determine" in paragraph (1) and inserting in lieu thereof "Secretary determines"; (B) by striking out "and" at the end of paragraph (2)(A); (C) by striking out the period at the end of paragraph (2)(B) and inserting in lieu thereof "; and"; and (D) by inserting immediately after paragraph (2)(B) the following new subparagraph: "(C) the concurrence of the Secretaries.". FUNCTIONS AND POWERS OF SECRETARIES

Study.

Study.

Study.

SEC. 1735. Section 5 of the National Aquaculture Act of 1980 (16 U.S.C. 2804) is amended as follows: (1) Subsection (c) is amended to read as follows: "(c) INFORMATION SERVICES.—(1) In addition to performing such other mandatory functions under this Act— "(A) the Secretaries shall collect and analyze scientific, technical, legal, and economic information relating to aquaculture, including acreages, water use, production, marketing, culture techniques, and other relevant matters; "(B) the Secretary shall— "(i) establish, within the Department of Agriculture, a National Aquaculture Information Center that shall serve as a repository for the information generated under subparagraph (A) and other provisions of this Act and shall, on a request basis, make that information available to the public, "(ii) arrange with foreign nations for the exchange of information relating to aquaculture and support a translation service, and "(iii) conduct a study of the extent to which the United States aquaculture industry has access to relevant Federal programs which assist the agricultural sector and report to Congress on the findings of such study by December 31, 1986; "(C) the Secretary of Commerce shall conduct a study, and report to Congress thereon by December 31, 1987, to determine whether existing capture fisheries could be adversely affected by competition from products produced by commercial aquacultural enterprises and include in such study an assessment of any adverse effect, by species and by geographical region, on such fisheries and recommend measures to ameliorate any such effect; and "(D) the Secretary of the Interior, in consultation with the Secretary of Commercej shall undertake a study, and report to Congress thereon by December 31, 1987, to identify exotic species introduced into the United States waters as a result of aquaculture activities, and to determine the potential benefits and impacts of the introduction of exotic species.

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"(2) Any production information submitted to the Secretaries under paragraph (I)(A) shall be confidential and may only be disclosed & required under court order. The Secretaries shall preserve " such confidentiality. The Secretaries may release or make public any information in any aggregate or summary form that does not directly or indirectly disclose the identity, business transactions, or trade secrets of any person who submits such information.". (2) Subsection (d) is amended— (A) by striking out "Secretaries" each place it appears and inserting in lieu thereof "Secretary"; (B) by inserting "and in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of the Interior," immediately after "group" in the first sentence; (C) in the second sentence by— (i) striking out "EJach such" and inserting in lieu thereof "Such"; and (ii) striking out "under section 4(d)"; (D) by striking out "deem" in the second sentence and inserting in lieu thereof "deems"; and (E) by striking out the last sentence and inserting in lieu Report, thereof "The report required by this subsection shall be submitted to the Congress not later than February 1, 1988.". COORDINATION OF NATIONAL ACnVITIES REGARDING AQUACULTURE

SEC. 1736. Section 6 of the National Aquaculture Act of 1980 (16 U.S.C. 2805) is amended as follows: (1) Subsection (a) is amended by inserting ", who shall be the permanent chairman of the coordinating group" immediately after "Agriculture" in paragraph (1). (2) Subjection (c) is repesded. (3) Subsections (d), (e), and (f) are redesignated as subsections (c), (d), and (e), respectively. (4) Subsection (e), as redesignated by paragraph (3), is amended by striking out "subsection (d)" in the second sentence and inserting in lieu thereof "subsection (c)". AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS

SEC. 1737. Section 10 of the National Aquaculture Act of 1980 (16 98 Stat. 3407. U.S.C. 2809) is amended by striking out "1985" in each of pararaphs (1), (2), and (3) and inserting in lieu thereof "1985, and 1,000,000 for each of fiscal years 1986, 1987, and 1988".

f

Subtitle E—Special Study and Pilot Projects on Futures Trading FINDINGS AND DECLARATION OF POLICY

SEC. 1741. (a) Congress finds that there is a need for investigation 7 USC 1421 note. and development of alternative price support programs carried out by the Department of Agriculture; that agricultural producers and others have insufficient knowledge concerning the nature and extent of price stabilization available in the private sector; and that more information is needed to accurately assess the Federal budgetary impact of producer participation in such private sector risk avoidance services.

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(b) It is declared to be the policy of the United States that the Department of Agriculture conduct economic research to develop more information concerning the manner in which producers might utilize agricultural commodity futures markets and options markets in connection with their marketing of the agricultural commodities of their own production; and to determine the nature and effect widespread utilization of such markets by producers would have on the prices they receive for their agricultural commodities, and to determine the feasibility of interfacing traditional Federal price support programs with private sector risk avoidance services. STUDY BY THE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

7 USC 1421 note.

SEC. 1742. The Secretary of Agriculture shall conduct a study utilizing the services of the various agencies of the United States, including, but not limited to, the United States Department of Agriculture and the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, to determine the manner in which agricultural commodity futures markets and agricultural commodity options markets might be used by producers of agricultural commodities traded on such markets to provide such producers with price stability and income protection; the extent of the price stability and income protection producers might reasonably expect to receive from such participation; and of the Federal budgetary impact of such participation compared with the cost of the applicable established price support programs for agricultural commodities. The Secretary shall report the results of such study to the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry of the Senate and to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives on or before December 31, 1988. PILOT PROGRAM

7 USC 1421 note. SEC. 1743. In connection with the study to be undertaken by the Supra. Secretary as required by section 1742 of this subtitle, the Secretary shall conduct a pilot program with respect to the crops of wheat, feed grains, soybean, and cotton in at least 40 counties which actively produce reasonable quantities of such major agricultural commoidities traded on the commodity futures markets and the commodity options markets. The Secretary shall, in cooperation with the futures and options industry and the chairman of the commodity futures trading commission, conduct an extensive educational program for producers in the counties selected for the pilot program. The program shall, among other things, provide that a reasonable number of producers, as determined by the Secretary, may at their election and in accordance with pilot program requirements developed by the Secretary, participate in the trading of designated agricultural commodities on a futures market or options market in a manner designed to protect and maximize the return on agricultural commodities of their own production marketed by them in accordance with program requirements. Participating producers shall be assured by the Secretary under the terms of the program, using funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation^ that the net return received for the agricultural commodities that such producers allocate to the program in the manner specified by the Secretary is no less than the price support loan level for such agricultural commodity in the county where it is produced. In the formulation of the pilot program the Secretary shall utilize the

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services of an advisory panel selected by the Secretary consisting of producers, processors, exporters, and futures and options traders on organized futures exchanges. Subtitle F—Animal Welfare FINDINGS

SEC. 1751. For the purposes of this subtitle, the Congress finds 7 USC 2i3i note, that— (1) the use of animals is instrumental in certain research and Research and education for advancing knowledge of cures and treatment for development, diseases and injuries which afflict both humans and animals; (2) methods of testing that do not use animals are being and continue to be developied which are faster, less expensive, and more accurate than traditional animal experiments for some purposes and further opportunities exist for the development of these methods of testing; (3) measures which eliminate or minimize the unnecessary duplication of experiments on animals can result in more productive use of Federal funds; and (4) measures which help meet the public concern for laboratory animal care and treatment are important in assuring that research will continue to progress. STANDARDS AND CERTIFICATION PROCESS

SEC. 1752. (a) Section 13 of the Animal Welfare Act (7 U.S.C. 2143) is amended by— (1) redesignating subsections (b) through (d) as subsections (f) through (h) respectively; and (2) striking out the first two sentences of subsection (a) and inserting in lieu thereof the following new sentences: "(1) The Secretary shall promulgate standards to govern the humane handling, care, treatment, and transportation of animals by dealers, research facilities, and exhibitors. "(2) The standards described in paragraph (1) shall include minimum requirements— "(A) for handling, housing, feeding, watering, sanitation, ventilation, shelter from extremes of weather and temperatures, adequate veterinary care, and separation by species where the Secretary finds necessary for humane handling, care, or treatment of animals; and "(B) for exercise of dogs, as determined by an attending veterinarian in accordance with general standards promulgated by the Secretary, and for a physical environment adequate to promote the psychological well-being of primates. "(3) In addition to the requirements under paragraph (2), the standards described in paragraph (1) shall, with respect to animals in research facilities, include requirements— "(A) for animal care, treatment, and practices in experimental procedures to ensure that animal pain and distress are minimized, including adequate veterinary care with the appropriate use of anesthetic, analgesic, tranquilizing drugs, or euthanasia;

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