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 by the town council of Edinburgh as minister of the Tron Church, and was admitted 4 Jan. following. From that charge he was promoted to the deanery of the High Kirk on 12 July 1672, and was admitted a burgess and guild-brother of the city on 13 Nov. 1673. He strongly opposed the proposal of the more moderate party in the Scottish church in 1674 to hold a national synod. Through the influence of his patron, the Duke of Lauderdale, he was appointed on 20 Oct. 1674 to the see of Galloway, but was not consecrated until May 1675 at Edinburgh (, Hist. of Scottish Episcopal Church, p. 34;, Eccl. Hist. of Scotl. iii. 249). For a few years father and son were thus occupants of Scottish sees at the same time. On 27 Sept. 1678 he was appointed a privy councillor. He was translated to Edinburgh on 29 March 1679. In the previous January he had obtained license from the king to reside in Edinburgh, on the ground that he had not a competent manse or dwelling-house in Galloway (, Life of Sharpe, p. 568). A pension of 100l. per annum was granted him on 9 July 1680. He is found assisting on 15 March 1684–5 at Lambeth at Sancroft's consecration of Baptist Levinz [q. v.], the bishop of Sodor and Man. On 20 July 1685 an order was made for an annual payment to him by the city of Edinburgh of twelve hundred marks until the city should build him a house and chapel. He went to London in February 1686, returning at the end of March to give the king assurances that the bishops would support his proposed toleration, although it was reported by the Duke of Hamilton in the following year that he was not in favour of such an entire repeal of the penal laws as the king desired (Hist. MSS. Comm. 11th Rep. App. vi. p. 175). He was rewarded by being nominated to the see of Glasgow on 21 Jan. 1687, upon the illegal deprivation of Archbishop Alexander Cairncross [q. v.] On 29 Jan. 1688 he preached a thanksgiving sermon at Edinburgh for the queen's being with child, in which he mentioned that she often spent six hours at a time on her knees in prayer. At the Revolution he, with the majority of the bishops, adhered to James II. At the meeting of the estates in April 1689, when nine bishops were present, of whom seven were against declaring the throne vacant, ‘the Bishop of Glasgow made a long discourse of passive obedience’ (ib. 12th Rep. App. vii. p. 237). He remained in Edinburgh, living in privacy, after the Revolution, but is said in W. Nelson Clarke's preface to a ‘Collection of Letters,’ &c. (Edinburgh, 1848, p. xxxi), to have been arrested in 1692 on suspicion of holding correspondence with the exiled court, and to have been imprisoned in Edinburgh Castle. The authority for this statement is not given; and a further statement that he remained in prison until 1701 is incorrect, as, at some date previous to 1695, he was banished from Scotland to England, and was restrained to London. Among the papers of the Earl of Rosslyn at Dysart House (Hist. MSS. Comm. 1871, 2nd Rep. p. 192) there is a journal kept by Paterson in London in 1695–6, in which he records interviews with statesmen while seeking permission from William III to return to Scotland. Leave was at that time refused, and he was also forbidden to reside in any of the northern counties of England. He was, however, shortly afterwards permitted to return to Edinburgh, and probably regained complete liberty upon the accession of Queen Anne in 1702. In that year he wrote a letter from Edinburgh to Bishop Compton of London on the subject of toleration for the episcopal clergy. He exerted himself in the following years, together with the other Scottish bishops, in endeavouring to obtain grants from the government for relief of poor clergymen, as well as some allowance for themselves out of the revenues of their sees. It was the queen's intention that such grants should be made, but it was not carried into real effect, except with regard to Bishop Alexander Ross [q. v.] of Edinburgh and Paterson himself. On 7 Dec. 1704 Paterson and Bishop Rose, with others, accredited Dr. Robert Scot, dean of Glasgow, as an agent to make collections in England. Their letters, with a list of contributions, were printed in 1864 in the ‘Antiquarian Communications of the Cambridge Antiquarian Society’ (ii. 226–231). At the beginning of 1705 he went to London to personally approach the queen on the subject. He was favourably received, and obtained a promise of 1,600l. annually, out of which George Lockhart [q. v.] of Carnwath charges him with securing 400l. for himself, although he was then worth 20,000l., or, as the archbishop of Canterbury reported (according to Paterson's own statement), 30,000l. But Paterson declared that he never had a third of the latter sum. On 25 Jan. 1705, in consequence of the number of surviving bishops being reduced to five, he, with Bishops Rose and Douglas of Dunblane, consecrated, in a private chapel in his own house at Edinburgh, Bishops Fullarton and Sage. He died in his house on 9 Dec. 1708, and was buried on the 23rd in the Chapel Royal of Holyrood, at the east end of the north side, at the foot of Bishop Wishart's monument.

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Narcotics Control Commission, United States International. See United States International Narcotics Control Commission. National Advisory Commission on Agricultural Export Transportation Policy, establishment 1354 National Advisory Health Council, termination 878 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorizaton Act, 1985, amendments 1016 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 1986 1012 National Agricultural Policy Commission Act of 1985 1637 National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977, amendments...l542, 15441550, 1552-1557, 1561 National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act Amendments of 1985 1542 National Aquaculture Act of 1980, amendments 1641-1643 National Aquaculture Improvement Act of 1985 1641 National Bureau of Standards Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1986 171,476 National Coal Imports Reporting Act of 1985 107 National Commission on Agricultural Policy, establishment 1354 National Commission on Dairy Policy, estabhshment 1354 National Emergencies Act, amendments 448 National Endowment for Democracy Act, amendments 431, 432 National Flood Insurance Act of 1968, amendments 503, 816, 1731 National Forest System, Kentucky Wilderness Act of 1985 1351 National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities Act of 1965, amendments...l332, 1333, 1335, 1338, 1339, 1342-1344 National Guard: Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 583 Overpayment claims, waiver 1741 National Housing Act, amendments...502, 503, 815, 816, 1730, 1731 National Library of Medicine, establishment 820 National Parks, Monuments, Etc.: Alaska land conveyance 460 Alaska mineral development 1761

Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission, land conveyance 1724 Military Construction Authorization Act, 1986 961 Paul E. Tsongas Industrial History Center, MA, designation 1229 National Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Authorization Act of 1986 887 National Science Foundation Act of 1950, amendments 889, 890 National Science Foundation Authorization Act, 1976, amendments 890,892 National Science Foundation Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1978, amendments 890 National Science Foundation Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1980, amendments 890 National Science Foundation Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1986 887 National Science Foundation Authorization and Science and Technology Equal Opportunities Act, amendments 892 National Security. See Defense and National Security. National Security Act of 1947, amendments 1004 National Wilderness Preservation System: Kentucky Wilderness Act of 1985 1351 Phillip Burton Wilderness, CA, designation 166 National Wildlife Refuge System: Bogue Chitto National Wildlife Refuge 1327 Bon Secour National Wildlife Refuge 1327 Food Security Act of 1985 1354 Tensas River National Wildlife Refuge 1327 Tinicum National Environmental Center 1327 National Wool Act of 1954, amendments 1354 Natural Gas: Food Security Act of 1985 1354 Public utility holding companies, cogeneration activities 1180 Natural Resources. See Conservation; Environmental Protection; Forests and Forest Products. Naturalized Persons: Compact of Free Association Act of 1985 1770 Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1986 1002

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Nebraska: Health Professions Training Assistance Act of 1985 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 Nevada: California boundary, land title clearance Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 New Hampshire, Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 New Jersey, Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 New Mexico: Food Security Act of 1985 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 New York: Land conveyance and mineral interests Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 New Zealand, International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 Nicaragua: Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1985 Nondiscrimination. See Discrimination, Prohibition. North Atlantic Treaty Organization: Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 North Carolina, Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 North Dakota, Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 Northeast Interstate Low-Level Radioactive Waste Commission, establishment Northern Mariana Islands, Compact of Free Association Act of 1985 Nuclear Agreements for Cooperation Nuclear Energy. See Energy. Nurse Education Amendments of 1985 Nurses. See Health Care Professionals. Nuts. See Agriculture and Agricultural Commodities.

O 523 1842 1663 1842 1842 1842 1354 1842 1661 1842 190 583 190 293

583 190 1842 1842 1842 1770 159 393

Oats. See Agriculture and Agricultural Commodities. Occupational Safety and Health. See Health and Medical Care; Safety. Office of Federal Procurement Policy Act, amendments 704, 1759 Ohio: Daughters of Union Veterans of the Civil War 1861-1865, Federal charter 1020 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842 Oil. See Petroleum and Petroleum Products. Oilseeds. See Agriculture and Agricultural Commodities. Oklahoma, Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842 Omnibus Low-Level Radioactive Waste Interstate Compact Consent Act 1859 Oregon: George Milligan Control Tower, Medford-Jackson County Airport, designation 80 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842 Orphan Drug Act, amendments 391, 880 Orphan Drug Amendments of 1985 387 Overseas Private Investment Corporation Amendments Act of 1985 1669

Pacific Islands, Trust Territory of the. •See Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. Pacific Salmon Treaty Act of 1985 7 Pakistan, International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190 Palestine Liberation Organization. See Israel. Pan American Games, International. See Recreation. Panama Canal Act of 1979, amendments...l349, 1716-1718, 1739, 1740 Panama Canal Amendments Act of 1985 1716 Panama Canal Commission Authorization Act, Fiscal Year 1986 1738 Paraguay, International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190

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Page

Parchment-Printing Waiver. See Printing. Parks, Monuments, Etc., National. See National Parks, Monuments, Etc. Pasta. See Agriculture and Agricultural Commodities. Patents and Trademarks, Alaska mineral development 1761 Paul E. Tsongas Industrial History Center, MA, designation 1229 Peace Corps: International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190 Twenty-fifth anniversary recognition of agency and volunteers 484 Peace Corps Act, amendments....272, 273, 276 Peace Corps National Advisory Council, establishment 190 Peanuts. See Agriculture and Agricultural Commodities. Pearl Harbor Survivors Association, Federal charter 498 Penalties. See Law Enforcement and Crime. Pennsylvania: Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842 Robert N. C. Nix, Sr., Federal Building and United States Post Office, designation 1723 Peru, International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190 Pests and Pesticides, Food Security Act of 1985 1354 Petroleum and Petroleum Products: Energy Policy and Conservation Amendments Act of 1985 102 Export Administration Amendments Act of 1985 120 Food Security Act of 1985 1354 Phillip Burton Wilderness, CA, designation 166 Philippines: Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 583 International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190 Veterans' Administration, regional office 481 Veterans' Administration HealthCare Amendments of 1985 941 Physicians. See Health Care Professionals. Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry, Arts, Humanities, and Museums Amendments of 1985 1332 Pollution, Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842

Pork. See Agriculture and Agricultural Commodities. Pork Promotion, Research, and Consumer Information Act of 1985 1606 Portugal, International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190 Postage Stamps. See Mail. Potatoes. See Agriculture and Agricultural Commodities. Poultry. See Agriculture and Agricultural Commodities. Poultry Products Inspection Act, amendments 1633 Poverty. See Disadvantaged Persons. Preservation of America's Heritage Abroad, Commission for the. See Commission for the Preservation of America's Heritage Abroad. Presidential Task Force on Project Economic Justice, establishment 190 Printing, enrolled bills and joint resolutions, parchment-printing waiver 1036, 1183 Prisoners, Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 583 Prisoners of War. See Veterans. Proclamations: Caribbean Basin Economic Recovery Act, implementation, amendment of Proclamation 5133 2022 Civil aircraft and globes, articles used in, duty modifications 2001 Generalized System of Preferences, amendments 2133 High technology products, duty reductions 2019 Nonimmigrants, suspension of entry by officers or employees of Cuban government or Communist Party 2090 Pasta products from European Economic Community, duty rate increases 2065, 2074 Peace Corps, twenty-fifth anniversary, recognition of agency and volunteers 484 Penn, William and Hannah Callowhill, honorary citizenship 1995 Special observances— A Time of Remembrance 555, 2106 A Time of Remembrance for All Victims of Terrorism Throughout the World 555, 1980 Afghanistan Day 2023 American Education Week 2112 American Heart Month 2009 Anne Frank Day 89 Asian/Pacific American Heritage Week 2038

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Baltic Freedom Day 87, 2063 Benign Essential Blepharospasm Awareness Week 560 Better Hearing and Speech Month 86 Bill of Rights Day, Human Rights Day and Week 1998, 2129 Boy Scouts of America, Seventyfifth Anniversary I l l, 2131 Cancer Control Month 2025 Captive Nations Week 2068 Centennial Year of Liberty in the United States 559, 2109 Child Health Day 2088 Citizenship Day and Constitution Week 2081 Columbus Day 2088 Crime Victims Week 53 Dr. Jonas E. Salk Day 63, 2047 Education Day, U.S.A 43, 2031 Ethnic American Day 1713 Eugene Ormandy Appreciation Day 938, 2119 Fair Housing Month 30, 2042 Family Reunion Month 92, 2062 Father's Day 2061 Fire Prevention Week 2092 Flag Day and National Flag Week 2064 Freedom of the Press Day 179, 2071 General Pulaski Memorial Day 2086 Great Famine in the Ukraine, Day of Commemoration 1986 Helen Keller Deaf-Blind Awareness Week 99, 2066 Helsinki Human Rights Day 56, 2046 High Blood Pressure Awareness Week 2116 International Youth Year 2013 Jewish Heritage Week 52, 2034 LawDay,U.S.A 2033 Learning Disabilities Awareness Month 489, 2096 LeifEriksonDay 2087 Lithuanian Independence Day 2016 Live Aid Day 164 Loyalty Day 2033 Lupus Awareness Week 178, 1978 Made in America Month 1034 Mental Illness Awareness Week...485, 2092 Minority Enterprise Development Week 2059 Mother's Day 2045 Myasthenia Gravis Awareness Week 517, 1976, 2099 National Adoption Week.... 812, 1992, 2120 National Adult Day Care Center Week 470, 2082 National Agriculture Day 1714 National Alopecia Areata Awareness Week 783 National Alzheimer's Disease Month 69, 1988, 2114

A21 Page

National Asthma and Allergy Awareness Week 61, 2050 1764 National Autism Week National Big Brothers and Big 2014 Sisters Week National Blood Pressure Awareness Week 786, 1989 ..521 National Buy American Week National CPR Awareness Week...520, 2105 1996 National Care and Share Day 2000 National Cerebral Palsy Month National Child Abuse Prevention Month 33, 2029 National Child Safety Awareness Month 59, 2043 ..557 National Children's Week 1983 National Christmas Seal Month National Community College Month 522, 2127 National Consumers Week 2020, 2126 National Correctional Officers Week 60, 2049 National DECA Week 4, 2015 National DES Awareness Week.... 54, 2040 National Day of Fasting to Raise Funds to Combat Hunger 558, 2122 2011 National Day of Prayer National Defense Transportation Day and National 2039 Transportation Week ..469 National Dental Hygiene Week National Diabetes Month... 580, 1984, 2117 National Digestive Diseases Awareness Week 71, 2054 National Disability in Entertainment Week 175, 2070 National Down Syndrome Month...170, 2097 National Drug Abuse Education Week 581, 2113 National Drunk and Drugged Driving Awareness Week...284, 1987, 2128 National Employ the Handicapped ,2084 Week National Employ-the-Older-Worker .25 Week ,35 National Energy Education Day National Epidermolysis Bullosa 1995 Awareness Week National Family Week 458, 1993, 2108 National Farm-City Week 1991, 2108 2058 National Farm Safety Week National Fetal Alcohol Syndrome ,1733 Awareness Week National Flag Day, recognition of pause for Pledge of Allegiance........ 97 National Forest Products Week... 1977, 2100

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Proclamations—Continued Special observances Continued National Foster G r and p a r e n t Month 553, 2111 National Head Injury Awareness Month 1976 National High-Tech Month 459, 2104 National Hispanic Heritage Week 2080 National Historically Black Colleges Week 468, 2083 National Home Care Week...940, 1994, 2125 National Hospice Month 519, 1985, 2107 National Housing Week 518, 2100 National Independent Retail Grocer Week 44 National Jaycee Week 1715 National J e r o m e Kern Day 2007 National Lupus Awareness Week 2098 National Maritime Day 2055 National M a r k Twain Day 939, 2123 National Medical Transcriptionist Week 2057 National Neighborhood Crime Watch Day 189, 2073 National Organ Donation Awareness Week 45, 2037 National Organ and Tissue Donor Awareness Week 1668 National Osteoporosis Awareness Week 75, 2056 National P.O.W./M.I.A. Recognition Day 101, 2067 National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day 1997 National Poison Prevention Week 2001 National Reye's Syndrome Week...784, 1990, 2115 National Safe Boating Week 2017 National Sanctity of Human Life Day 2006 National School Lunch Week 2093 National Science Week 74, 2051 National Sewing Month 467, 2082 National Skin Cancer Prevention and Detection Week 16, 2024 National Spina Bifida Month 487, 2095 National Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Awareness Month...561, 2111 National Temporary Services Week 1001, 2125 National Theatre Week 91 National Tourism Week 466, 2045 National Weather Satellite Week...31, 2028 National Women Veterans Recognition Week 810, 1979, 2118 Oil Heat Centennial Year 496, 2095 Older Americans Month 65, 2041 OPERATION: Care and Share 2102 P a n American Day and P a n American Week 2032

Peace Corps, Twenty-fifth Anniversary Year 2091 Polish American Heritage Month...177, 2072 Prayer for Peace, Memorial Day 2042 Red Cross Month 2013 Save for the U.S.A. Year 1666 Save Your Vision Week 2018 Senior Center Week 73, 2053 Sesquicentennial Year of the National Library of Medicine 1752 Small Business Week 2026 Space Exploration Day 165, 2069 Thanksgiving Day 1982, 2121 Truck and Bus Safety Week 1753 United Nations Day 1981, 2085 Very Special Arts U.S.A. Month....76, 2060 Veterans Day 1981, 2101 Victims of Crime Week 2036 Vietnam Veterans Recognition Day 66, 2048 White Cane Safety Day 2094 Women in Agriculture Week 1991 Women's Equality Day 2075 Women's History Week 5, 2021 World Food Day 515, 1975, 2103 World Health Day and Week 39, 2030 World Trade Week 2037 Wright Brothers Day 1999, 2131 Year of the Flag 1330 Youth Suicide Prevention Month...70, 2060 Sugars and sirups, import quotas...2007, 2012, 2027, 2052 U.S.-Israel Free Trade Area Agreement, duty rate reductions, etc 2076 Project Economic Justice. See Presidential Task Force on Project Economic Justice. Property. See Gifts and Property; Real Property. Public Availability. See Public Information. Public Buildings and Grounds: Bethune Museum and Archives 1181 Captain J o h n Foster Williams Coast Guard Building, MA, designation 1763 Carl D. Perkins Federal Building and United States Courthouse, KY, designation 98 Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 583 Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 Former Speakers of the House, office space availability 1743 George Milligan Control Tower, Medford-Jackson County Airport, OR, designation 80

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Goodloe E. Byron Memorial Pedestrian Walkway, MD and WV, designation 1329 Health Research Extension Act of 1985 820 Historic preservation legislation praised 483 James A. Walsh United States Courthouse, AZ, designation 1722 John W. Byrnes Post Office and Federal Building, WI, designation 1719 Military Construction Authorization Act, 1986 961 Nancy Hanks Center, Washington, DC, contributions 1720 Paul E. Tsongas Industrial History Center, MA, designation 1229 Robert N. C. Nix, Sr., Federal Building and United States Post Office, PA, designation 1723 Union Station area, Washington, DC, construction alternatives 1749 Wallace F. Bennett Federal Building, UT, designation 1721 Public Debt Limit: Food Security Act of 1985 1354 Increases 814, 1037 Public Health Service Act, amendments...392-400, 402, 491, 523, 822, 878, 879 Public Information: Arts, Humanities, and Museums Amendments of 1985 1332 California-Nevada land boundary, title clearance 1663 China-United States nuclear cooperation 1174 Compact of Free Association Act of 1985 1770 Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 583 Food Security Act of 1985 1354 Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 Goodloe E. Byron Memorial Pedestrian Walkway, MD and WV, designation 1329 Health Research Extension Act of 1985 820 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842 Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission, land conveyance

Overseas Private Investment Corporation Amendments Act of 1985 Public Lands: See also National Parks, Monuments, Etc.; Public Buildings and Grounds.

Alaska, conveyance California-Nevada land boundary, title clearance Cherokee Leasing Act Cocopah Tribe, lands in trust Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission, conveyance Military Construction Authorization Act, 1986 New York, conveyance and mineral interests Phillip Burton Wilderness, CA, authorization Veterans' Administration HealthCare Amendments of 1985 Puerto Rico: Food Security Act of 1985 Veterans, health care services, contracts Veterans' Administration HealthCare Amendments of 1985

460 1663 1735 47 1724 961 1661 166 941 1354 481 941

R

Radiation. See Hazardous Materials. Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act, amendments 479, 814, 1172, 1184 Raisins. See Agriculture and Agricultural Commodities. Real Property: Compact of Free Association Act of 1985 1770 Farm Credit Amendments Act of 1985 1678 Food Security Act of 1985 1354 Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 Health Research Extension Act of 1985 820 Imputed interest rules, simplification 505 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842 Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission, land conveyance 1724 Military Construction Authorization Act, 1986 961 New York, land conveyance and mineral interests 1661 Veterans' Administration HealthCare Amendments of 1985 941 1724 Recordings. See Communications and Telecommunications. 1669 Recreation: See also Fish and Fishing; National Parks, Monuments, Etc. Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 583

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Recreation—Continued Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 Military Construction Authorization Act, 1986 961 Refugees: Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190 Research and Development: Alaska minerals 1761 Arts, Humanities, and Museums Amendments of 1985 1332 Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 583 Export Administration Amendments Act of 1985 120 Food Security Act of 1985 1354 Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 Health Professions Training Assistance Act of 1985 523 Health Research Extension Act of 1985 820 Housing and community development insurance, extension 502,814 International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842 National Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Authorization Act of 1986 887 Orphan Drug Amendments of 1985 387 Research Facilities Act 1548 Retirement, Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 1038 Rhode Island, Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842 Rice. See Agriculture and Agricultural Commodities. Riddick's Senate Procedure, printing and binding 176 Robert N. C. Nix, Sr., Federal Building and United States Post Office, PA, designation 1723 Rocky Mountain Low-Level Radioactive Waste Board, establishment 1842 vviii"si.l ^ff^sm*

Food Security Act of 1985 1354 Housing and community development insurance programs, extension...502, 815, 1730 International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190

Rural Development Act of 1972, amendments Rye. See Agriculture and Agricultural Commodities.

Saccharin Study and Labeling Act, amendments Safety: Food Security Act of 1985 International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 Overseas Private Investment Corporation Amendments Act of 1985 Sahara, Western, International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 Saudi Arabia, International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 Scholarships. See Fellowships and Scholarships. Schools and Colleges: See also Education. Arts, Humanities, and Museums Amendments of 1985 Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 Food Security Act of 1985 Health Professions Training Assistance Act of 1985 Indian education programs Indian Education Technical Amendments Act of 1985 International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 Military Construction Authorization Act, 1986 National Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Authorization Act of 1986 Orphan Drug Amendments of 1985 Veterans' Administration HealthCare Amendments of 1985 Science and Technology: Food Security Act of 1985 Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 Health Research Extension Act of 1985 International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985

1560

81 1354 190 1842 1669 190 190

1332 583 1354 523 1747 379 190 961 887 387 941 1354 405 820 190 1842

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 SUBJECT INDEX National Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Authorization Act of 1986 887 Second Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1984, amendments 332 Securities: "Buy Back America" campaign 1666 Chippewa Indians, judgment awards 780 Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 583 District of Columbia Revenue Bond Act of 1985 1727 Farm Credit Amendments Act of 1985 1678 Food Security Act of 1985 1354 International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190 Overseas Private Investment Corporation Amendments Act of 1985 1669 Panama Canal, U.S. interest payments 1349 Public utility holding companies, cogeneration activities 1180 Sioux Indians, funds distribution 549 Social Security Trust Funds, restoration 814 Securities Exchange Act 1934, amendments 1737 Security and Cooperation in Europe, Commission on. See Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe. Sentencing Reform Amendments Act of 1985 1728 Shareholder Communications Act of 1985 1737 Shee Atika, Incorporated, Alaska mineral development 1761 Sheep. See Animals. Ships and Shipping. See Maritime Affairs. Sioux Indians, funds distribution 549 Small Business and Federal Procurement Competition Enhancement Act of 1984, amendments 704 Small Business Investment Act of 1958, amendments 1744 Smithsonian Institution, Board of Regents, appointment 168 Smuggling. See Imports. Social Security Act, amendments...94, 1093, 1094, 1584, 1735 Sockeye Salmon or Pink Salmon Fishing Act of 1947, amendments 15 Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act, amendments...1517, 1635, 1636 Soil and Water Resources Conservation Act of 1977, amendments 1516, 1517

A25

Sorghums. See Agriculture and Agricultural Comniodities. South Africa: Export Administration Amendments Act of 1985 120 Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190 South Carolina: Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842 Military Construction Authorization Act, 1986 961 South Dakota, Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842 Southeast Interstate Low-Level Radioactive Waste Management Commission, establishment 1842 Soviet Jewry, appeal for release 188 Soviet Union. See Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Soybeans. See Agriculture and Agricultural Commodities. Space: Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 583 Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 1986 1012 Spain, International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190 Special Defense Acquisition Fund, funding 562 Sri Lanka, International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190 State Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956, amendments...411, 412, 415, 417-419, 423 State and Local Governments: Alaska land conveyance 460 Arts, Humanities, and Museums Amendments of 1985 1332 Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 1038 Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 583 Fair Labor Standards Amendments of 1985 787 Food Security Act of 1985 1354 Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 Health Professions Training Assistance Act of 1985 523

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State and Local Governments— Continued Health Services Amendments of 1985 491 Intelligence Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1986 1002 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842 Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission, land conveyance 1724 National Science, Engineering, and Mathematics Authorization Act of 1986 887 Veterans' Administration HealthCare Amendments of 1985 941 Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Commemorative Coin Act 113 Strategic and Critical Materials. See Defense and National Security. Student Financial Assistance Technical Amendments Act of 1982, amendments 907 Students. See Education. Sudan, International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190 Sugar. See Agriculture and Agricultural Commodities. Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1973, amendments 163, 343 Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1979, amendments 349 Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1983, amendments 343 Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1984, amendments 163 Supreme Court, Justices and Court personnel, police protective services 1729 Survivor Beneflt Plan Amendments of 1985 666 Switzerland: Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 Freedom and peace efforts, commendation 582

Taiwan, Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982, amendments...479, 814, 1172, 1184, 1665 Tax Reform Act of 1984, amendments 77 Taxes: Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 1038 Compact of Free Association Act of 1985 1770

Corporate minimum 1037 Emergency Extension Act of 1985 479 Food Security Act of 1985 1354 Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 Imputed interest rates, simplification 505 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842 Motor vehicles, recordkeeping requirements 77 Overseas Private Investment Corporation Amendments Act of 1985 1669 Tobacco 479, 1172, 1184, 1665 Teachers. See Education. Technology Assessment Act of 1972, amendments 1759 Telecommunications. See Communications and Telecommunications. Temporary Emergency Food Assistance Act of 1983, amendments 1590-1592, 1594 Tennessee: Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 583 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842 Terrorism: A Time of Remembrance, observation 555 Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 583 Export Administration Amendments Act of 1985 120 Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 Hijacking, Achille Lauro 1037 International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190 Texas, Veterans' Administration Health-Care Amendments of 1985 941 Thailand: Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190 The Asia Foundation Act, amendments 437 Timber. See Forests and Forest Products. Tobacco and Tobacco Products: Emergency Extension Act of 1985 479 Excise taxes 479, 1172, 1184, 1665 Food Security Act of 1985 1354 National marketing quota 818, 1173 Nurse Education Amendments of 1985 393

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Page

Page

Trade. See Commerce and Trade. Trade Act of 1974, amendments...479, 814, 1172 Trade Agreements Act of 1979, amendments 84 Trade Expansion Act of 1962, amendments 155 Trade Secrets, See Classified Information. Trade and Tariff Act of 1984, amendments 84 Trading With the Enemy Act, amendments 449 Training. See Education. Transportation: Alaska land conveyance 460 Civil Service and Uniformed Services employees, overpayment claims 1741 Federal Civilian Employee and Contractor Travel Expenses Act of 1985 1756 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842 Treaties. See International Agreements. Trees. See Forests and Forest Products. Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Compact of Free Association Act of 1985 1770 Tunisia, International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190 Turkey, International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190

United States Holocaust Memorial Council, designation as independent Federal establishment 1185 United States-India Fund for Cultural, Educational, and Scientific Cooperation Act 452 United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948, amendments 434 United States International Narcotics Control Commission, establishment 405 United States-Israel Free Trade Area Implementation Act of 1985 82 Universities. See Schools and Colleges. Urban Areas, community development and housing insurance programs, extension 502, 815, 1730 Uruguay, International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985 190 Utah: Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 583 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842 Veterans' Administration HealthCare Amendments of 1985 941 Wallace F. Bennett Federal Building, designation 1721 Utilities: Food Security Act of 1985 1354 Gas holding companies, cogeneration activities 1180

U Uniformed Services: Vegetables. See Agriculture and See also Armed Forces. Agricultural Commodities. Overpayment claims, waiver 1741 Vermont, Low-Level Radioactive Waste Union of Soviet Socialist Republics: Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842 Department of Defense Authorization Vessels. See Maritime Affairs. Act, 1986 583 Veterans: Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 1038 United States/Soviet Direct Emergency job training 481 Communication Link, equipment Food Security Act of 1985 1354 and service authorization 286 Health care services abroad 481 United Kingdom, Department of Defense Authorization Act, 1986 583 Military Construction Authorization Act, 1986 961 United Nations: Veterans' Administration Health-Care Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Amendments of 1985 941, 1745 Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 Veterans' Compensation Rate Increase International Security and and Job Training Amendments of Development Cooperation Act of 1985 1765 1985 190 Veterans' Job Training Act, Resolution 3379, condemnation of passage by General Assembly 385 amendments 481, 1767, 1768 United States Grain Standards Act, Vietnam, Veterans' Administration amendments 1632 Health-Care Amendments of 1985 941 NOTE: Page references are to beginning pages of each law, with the exception of acts being amended or repealed, which cite to pages where they actually appear.

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SUBJECT INDEX Page

Waste Disposal: Virgin Islands: Compact of Free Association Act of Food Security Act of 1985 1354 1985 Veterans, health care services, contracts 481 Food Security Act of 1985 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Veterans' Administration HealthAmendments Act of 1985 Care Amendments of 1985 941 Military Construction Authorization Virginia: Act, 1986 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 1842 Water: Food Security Act of 1985 Military Construction Authorization Act, 1986 961 Military Construction Authorization Act, 1986 Voluntarism: Water Resources Development Act of Department of Defense Authorization 1974, amendments Act, 1986 583 Watermelon Research and Promotion Fair Labor Standards Amendments of Act 1985 787 Weapons. See Arms and Munitions. Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Weather, Food Security Act of 1985 Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 West Virginia: Health Research Extension Act of Goodloe E. Byron Memorial 1985 820 Pedestrian Walkway, International Security and designation Development Cooperation Act of National marketing quota 1985 190 Western Sahara, International Peace Corps, twenty-fifth Security and Cooperation Act of anniversary, recognition of 1985 agency and volunteers 484 Wheat. See Agriculture and Agricultural Commodities. W Wilderness Areas. See National Wilderness Preservation System. Wages: Wildlife Refuges. See National Wildlife Balanced Budget and Emergency Refuge System. Deficit Control Act of 1985 1038 Wisconsin: Congressional Award Amendments of John W. Byrnes Post Office and 1985 934 Federal Building, designation Department of Defense Authorization Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Act, 1986 583 Amendments Act of 1985 Fair Labor Standards Amendments of Veterans' Administration Health1985 787 Care Amendments of 1985 Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Women: Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 405 Department of Defense Authorization Overpayment claims, Civil Service, Act, 1986 Uniformed Services, and National Food Security Act of 1985 Guard Employees 1741 Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Overseas Private Investment Fiscal Years 1986 and 1987 Corporation Amendments Act of Health Services Amendments of 1985 1669 1985 Wyoming, Low-Level Radioactive Veterans' Administration HealthWaste Policy Amendments Act of Care Amendments of 1985 941 1985 Wallace F. Bennett Federal Building, UT, designation 1721 Walnuts. See Agriculture and Agricultural Commodities. Walsh-Healey Act, amendments 734 Youth. See Children and Youth. Washington, Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 Washington, DC. See District of Columbia.

1842 Zaire, International Security and Development Cooperation Act of 1985

1770 1354 1842 961 1354 961 316 1622 1354

1329 119 190

1719 1842 941 583 1354 405 491 1842

190

NOTE: Page references are to beginning pages of each law, with the exception of acts being amended or repealed, which cite to pages where they actually appear.

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INDIVIDUAL INDEX

Page

Page

Achille Lauro Aguino, Benigno

1037 266

Mascarenas, Benjamin Mascarenas, Patricia McHenry, Barnabas

421 421 168

N Bonner, Dr. Elena Bourguiba, Habib

1960 1936

Neves, Tancredo Nicholson, Arthur D., Jr

1935 222,427

O Camarena Salazar, Enrique Carlson, Dennis Carlson, Rose

421 421 421

D Derickson, Uli Duarte, Jose Napoleon

227 237

Obando y Bravo, Miguel Ortega, Daniel

Pearlman, Mark Penn, Hannah Callowhill Penn, William

254 250

1312 1995 1995

R Faurer, Lt. Gen. Lincoln D

1931

G Gandhi, Rajiv Gavin, John Gershwin, George Gershwin, Ira Godyo de Cuevgis, Maria Rosario Gomez, Hector Grant, Ulysses S

1934 421 288 288 241 241 1937

Sakharov, Dr. Andrei Sarney, Jose Stethem, Robert

1966 1037 453

M

1960 1935 227

227 V

Viera, Jose Rodolfo

K

Maresca, Philip

S

1312

King, Dr. Martin Luther, Jr Klinghoffer, Leon Kollek, Teddy

421 1932 1969

Testrake, John

H Hammer, Michael

Radelat, Alberto Rankin, Jeannette Rose, Peter Edward

1312 W

Walker, John Clay

421 Z

227

Zimmermann, Benjamin

O

N O T E: P A G E REFERENCES ARE TO PAGES W H E R E N A M E S ACTUALLY APPEAR W I T H I N LAWS.

227

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 a namesake, Ninian Paterson, in 1682, from his ministry at Dunfermline for accusing him of adultery. William Row, in his continuation of Robert Blair's ‘Life’ (published by the Wodrow Society in 1848, p. 542), calls him ‘one of the most notorious liars of his time, and a vicious, base, loose liver;’ and Kirkton (Hist. of the Church of Scotland, 1817, p. 182) records some gross stories against him. George Ridpath (fl. 1704) [q. v.] dedicates to him in the most scurrilously abusive terms his ‘Answer,’ published in 1693, to the ‘Scottish Presbyterian Eloquence,’ and accuses him of scandalous offences. And these charges are found also in Scottish pasquils of the time. He was certainly actively engaged in all the intolerant measures of the government, and opposed, until the accession of James II, the granting of any indulgences. But many of the charges brought against him were clearly libellous, and Dr. Alexander Monro (d. 1715?) [q. v.], in his reply to Ridpath's pamphlet, says that ‘the world is not so besotted as to think that the archbishop needs particular answers.’ The accusations, however, are so definite that it must be feared they were not altogether groundless. Lockhart of Carnwath describes Paterson as proud, haughty, and avaricious.

Nothing is known of any published writings by him, except that Kirkton mentions (p. 185) a pamphlet which ‘he wrote to fix Dr. Oats his popish plot upon the presbyterians, and so to divert the inquiry from the papists.’ This has not been traced. An anonymous pamphlet, published in 1703, contains a vindication of a sermon by him on passive obedience. He was supposed to be about to write, in 1683, the life of Charles I, being encouraged to do so by Charles II (, Diary, p. 425). Of his correspondence much remains, in print and manuscript. Some is to be found among the episcopal records formerly kept at Glenalmond, and now in the Theological College at Edinburgh. From these some remarks by him on a copy which he made in 1680 of proposed instructions approved by the king in 1670 with relation to ecclesiastical affairs are printed, with the instructions, in Stephens's ‘Life of Archbishop Sharpe’ (pp. 430–8). In the same volume (pp. 480–2) are a letter from him to Sharpe, of 6 May 1675 (before his consecration), and a ‘Representation of the Evils of a further Indulgence,’ dated 10 Feb. 1676 (pp. 499–504). Five letters written to Sancroft in 1681–5, one dated 20 Dec. 1688, excusing his compliance with King James's toleration, and enclosing a declaration made in 1686 in favour of a relaxation of the penal laws, and another on the prospects of the church in 1689, are printed from the Tanner MSS. in the Bodleian Library in Dr. W. Nelson Clarke's ‘Collection of Letters relating to the Church in Scotland,’ Edinburgh, 1848. A letter to Lauderdale, 4 June 1674, against a national synod, and another, of 17 June 1680, about debates in the council, are in Mr. O. Airy's ‘Lauderdale Papers’ (Camd. Soc. 1885, iii. 46, 199). His attestation, dated 5 Jan. 1703, of a copy made by him of Burnet's ‘Arguments for Divorce’ is printed in John Macky's ‘Memoirs,’ 1733. A letter to the Duke of Hamilton, 13 Feb. 1703, sending a copy of Sir J. Turner's observations on Bishop Guthrie's ‘sillie Memoirs,’ is calendared by the ‘Historical MSS. Commission,’ 11th Rep. vi. 199. Several letters now at Edinburgh, assigned to him in the Second Report of the Commission (p. 203), are really from his predecessor at Glasgow, Alexander Burnet; and one to Lauderdale, among the Malet Papers now in the British Museum, entered in the Fifth Report, page 314, is not from him, but from James Hamilton, bishop of Galloway. Correspondence with Bishop Compton of London in 1698–1707, which reveals disputes with his co-bishops, and relates to relief from Queen Anne, is in Rawlinson MS. C. 985 in the Bodleian Library.

The name of his wife and the date of marriage do not appear to be known. She had died before 1696, in which year he records in his diary an offer of marriage from Lady Warner. He speaks in several letters of his numerous family.

[In addition to authorities quoted above, Dr. H. Scott's Fasti Eccl. Scoticanæ, pt. vi. passim; Lauder of Fountainhall's Diary (Bannatyne Club), pp. 204, 268, 361, 656, 708, 850; information kindly furnished by the Bishops of Glasgow and Edinburgh, Mr. G. F. Warner, and others.]

PATERSON, JOHN (1776–1855), missionary, third child of George Paterson of Duntocher in the parish of Old Kilpatrick, near Glasgow, was born at Duntocher on 26 Feb. 1776, and became a student at the university of Glasgow in 1798. He was attracted by the religious revival which sprang out of the preaching of James Alexander Haldane [q. v.], and applied for admission into a class formed by the congregationalists to train young men for the ministry. He was sent to Dundee, and spent the greater part of 1800 there, under the care of the Rev. W. Innes. Removing to Glasgow, he on 5 July 1803 became the minister of a church which he had formed at Cambuslang, but he relinquished it on 17 June 1804, with the intention of going out as a missionary to India.


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 Accordingly, on 27 Aug., accompanied by his friend, Ebenezer Henderson [q. v.], he sailed for Denmark, with the intention of going thence to India; but finding it impossible to carry out this intention, he remained in Northern Europe, and became a zealous and useful missionary there. Gradually his connection with the churches in Edinburgh was dissolved, and he was left to his own resources. He remained in Denmark until after the bombardment of Copenhagen in 1807, when he removed and settled in Stockholm. Here during the next five years he continued his labours among the natives of the northern kingdoms. The British and Foreign Bible Society afforded him aid in carrying out his plans (though he was at no time the society's salaried agent). In 1812 he removed to St. Petersburg, and on 1 Nov. 1817 he received the degree of doctor of theology from the university of Abo in Finland. In 1822 he withdrew from the British and Foreign Bible Society, and Prince Galitzin and other friends in St. Petersburg requested him to conduct the affairs of the Russian Bible Society. The Emperor Alexander granted him an annual salary of six thousand roubles. On the death of the emperor the party in power raised objections to the circulation of the scriptures. Ultimately, in 1825, the Emperor Nicholas issued ukases suspending the operations of the Bible Society, and placing the society under the control of the Greek church. Thereupon Paterson left Russia; but the emperor treated him with great kindness, and continued to him his pension for life. During his residence in Northern Europe he was connected with the work of translating and printing portions of the scriptures into Finnish, Georgian, Icelandic, Lapponese, Lettish, Moldavian, Russ, Samogitian, and Swedish.

On returning home he settled in Edinburgh, and served for many years as secretary for Scotland of the London Missionary Society, also acting as chairman of the committee of the Congregational Union. In 1850 he removed to Dundee, where he occasionally preached. He died at Kincaldrum, Forfarshire, on 6 July 1855. He married, first, at Stockholm, on 31 Aug. 1809, Katrine Margarate Hollinder, who died 7 March 1813, leaving two children, one of whom, Dr. George, born 18 March 1811, became congregational minister at Tiverton. Paterson married, secondly, on 19 April 1817, Jane, daughter of Admiral Samuel Greig, of the Russian navy; she was born in Russia on 26 Oct. 1783, and, from her knowledge of Russ and Russian dialects, was of much help to her husband in his work at St. Petersburg. She died on 19 Jan. 1820, leaving a daughter, who became the wife of Edward Baxter of Kincaldrum.

Paterson was the author of: 1. ‘A Letter to H. H. Norris, containing Animadversions on his Respectful Letter to the Earl of Liverpool on the Subject of the Bible Society,’ 1823. 2. ‘The Book for every Land: Reminiscences of Labour and Adventure in the Work of Bible Circulation in the North of Europe and in Russia.’ Edited, with a ‘Prefatory Memoir,’ by W. L. Alexander, 1858. The ‘Memoir’ is on pp. xi–xxxv.

[Norrie's Dundee Celebrities, 1873, pp. 162–4; Swan's Memoir of Mrs. Paterson, 1824.]  PATERSON, NATHANIEL, D.D. (1787–1871), author, was born in the parish of Kells, Kirkcudbrightshire, in 1787, and was the eldest son of Walter Paterson, stone-engraver, and grandson of Robert Paterson [q. v.], ‘Old Mortality.’ His mother was Mary Locke. He was educated at Balmaclellan, where the only prize he is known to have gained was one for cock-fighting, then a recognised school sport. In 1804, when sixteen years of age, he matriculated at Edinburgh University, and studied for the ministry of the church of Scotland. In 1821 he became minister of Galashiels, where he wrote ‘The Manse Garden’ (Glasgow, 1836), a work which passed through many editions. He enjoyed the friendship of Sir Walter Scott, but after a time explained to Scott that the invitations to Abbotsford being usually for Saturday, his preparation for Sunday services was interfered with. Sir Walter took no offence, but thenceforth invited him on some earlier day of the week. On 8 Feb. 1825 he married Margaret, daughter of Robert Laidlaw, Scott's friend, and George Thomson, the Dominie Sampson of ‘Guy Mannering,’ was one of his most constant visitors. In 1833 he was translated to the charge of St. Andrew's parish church, Glasgow. When, in 1843, the disruption took place in the church of Scotland, Paterson followed Dr. Chalmers; and in the autumn of that year he formed one of a deputation to the north of England to explain the principles of the free church and plead its cause. In 1844 he visited the southern counties. At the same time the many members of his congregation who with him joined the free church formed the congregation known as Free St. Andrew's, Glasgow, of which he remained minister till his death. In 1850 he was chosen moderator of the free church assembly, the highest honour which that church can bestow. His appear-


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 ance in his later years was highly picturesque. His hair fell on his shoulders in wavy curls white as snow. He died at Glasgow on 25 April 1871. All his life occupied actively with ministry, Dr. Paterson had also a keen interest in angling and mechanics. He was a man of great geniality and courtesy, and did much for the progress of the free church in the west of Scotland. He published several sermons and tracts. His portrait, by John J. Napier, was exhibited in the ‘Old Glasgow’ exhibition held in Glasgow in 1894.

[Letters to his Family by Nath. Paterson, D.D., with Memoir by the Rev. Alex. Anderson, 1874; Hew Scott's Fasti Eccl. Scoticanæ, ii. 551, iii. 25; private knowledge.]  PATERSON, ROBERT (1715–1801), ‘Old Mortality,’ son of Walter Paterson, farmer, and Margaret Scott, was born at Haggisha in the parish of Hawick in 1715. He married Elizabeth Gray, who had been at one time cook to Sir Thomas Kirkpatrick of Closeburn, Dumfriesshire. Kirkpatrick procured for Paterson from the Duke of Queensberry a lease of a freestone quarry at Gatelawbrigg in the parish of Morton. The highlanders returning from England on their way to Glasgow in 1745–6 plundered Paterson's house, and carried him off as a prisoner owing to the violent opinions he had expressed against ‘the bloody and wicked house of Stuart,’ and ‘the abominable heresies of the church of Rome.’ Paterson became a member of the sect of hillmen or Cameronians [see ], and contributed in a practical way to the perpetuation of their views by carrying gravestones from his quarry to erect over the martyrs' graves. Ultimately his religious zeal appears to have become a mania. From 1758 he neglected entirely to return to his wife and five children at Gatelawbrigg. At last Mrs. Paterson sent his eldest son, Walter, then only twelve years old, in search of his father, who was ultimately found working at some Cameronian monuments in the old kirkyard of Kirkchrist, on the west side of the Dee, opposite Kirkcudbright. Paterson refused to return home, and continued his wandering life until his death at Bankhill, near Lockerbie, on 14 Feb. 1801.

Dr. Laing was of opinion that Paterson died at Bankend, not Bankhill, and that he was interred in the churchyard of Caerlaverock, where Messrs. A. & C. Black erected a tombstone to his memory in 1869. His wife supported her family by keeping a small school.

The self-imposed task of repairing monuments was thus Paterson's sole occupation for over forty years. Mounted on a white pony, he traversed the whole lowlands of Scotland, receiving a hearty welcome at every Cameronian hearth, but maintaining a melancholy demeanour befitting his labours. ‘To talk of the exploits of the covenanters was the delight, as to repair their monuments was the business, of his life’ (, Old Mortality). ‘Old Mortality’ had three sons: Robert, Walter, and John. The eldest son, Robert, long lived in Balmaclellan, in the Glenkens of Galloway. Walter, who was a stone-carver, like his father, died there on 9 May 1812, and was the father of the Rev. Nathaniel Paterson [q. v.] John went to America in 1776, and settled in Baltimore. He is sometimes said to have been the father of Elizabeth Paterson of Baltimore who married Jerome Bonaparte, afterwards king of Westphalia. The story, however, is quite erroneous, Madame Bonaparte's father having been William Paterson from Tanat, co. Donegal. The theme of Scott's novel of ‘Old Mortality’ was suggested by Paterson's career.

[Introd. to Old Mortality; Letters to his Family by Nath. Paterson, D.D., 1874.]  PATERSON, SAMUEL (1728–1802), bookseller and auctioneer, was born 17 March 1728. His father, a woollendraper in the parish of St. Paul, Covent Garden, London, died in 1740, and young Paterson went to France. About 1748 he opened a shop opposite Durham Yard, in the Strand, and imported foreign books; at that time Paul Vaillant was the only other dealer in foreign literature in London. Paterson published a few books, among them Mrs. Charlotte Lennox's first work, ‘Poems on several Occasions,’ in 1747. He continued the business without great success until about 1753, when he commenced as auctioneer at Essex House, formerly the residence of Sir Orlando Bridgman, in Essex Street, Strand. He subsequently had a room in King Street, Covent Garden, afterwards occupied by Messrs. King, Collins, & Chapman. His stock in trade was sold off in 1768 and 1769. ‘He was the earliest auctioneer who sold books singly in lots; the first bidding for which was sixpence, the advance threepence each bidding until five shillings were offered, when it ran to sixpence’ (, Nollekens and his Times, 1829, ii. 279).

Besides the catalogues of his own sales, he acted as cataloguer for other auctioneers. He was one of the first in England to produce good classified catalogues, with careful descriptions of the contents. Among the many excellent sale-catalogues due to him are those of the libraries of Sir Julius Cæsar


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 (1757), Sylvanus Morgan (1759), Robert Nelson (1760), James Parsons (1769), James West, P.R.S. (1773), William Fletewode (1774), E. Rowe Mores (1779), Topham Beauclerk (1781), George Costard (1782), Thomas Crofts (1783), Maffeo Pinelli (1789), John Strange (1801), H. Fagel of the Hague (1802).

In 1776 he visited the continent and brought back a large collection of books described in ‘Bibliotheca Universalis Selecta, methodically digested with an index,’ 1786. For some years he was librarian at Bowood to Lord Shelburne, first marquis of Lansdowne. In November 1794 he writes of the ‘extreme agitation’ he had ‘been in for a considerable time in abstracting and indexing my lord's private papers’ (, Lit. Anecd. viii. 483).

He had an impediment in his speech, but this did not prevent him from delivering a series of lectures on Shakespeare's plays, which were attended by Steevens, Malone, and Barry. He was an honest man and an excellent bibliographer, but constantly failed in business, as he always preferred reading to selling books. ‘Perhaps we never had a bookseller who knew so much of the contents of books generally, and he was particularly well acquainted with our English poets’ (Gent. Mag. 1802, ii. 1075). Johnson wrote of him as ‘a man for whom I have long had a kindness’ (, Life, ed. Hill, iii. 90), and was godfather to Paterson's son Samuel, whom he befriended on several occasions (ib. iv. 269). His original works were not remarkable.

Paterson died in Norton Street, 29 Nov. 1802, in his seventy-fifth year. He married a Miss Hamilton about 1745; she died on 25 Nov. 1790. His eldest son, Charles, a lieutenant of marines, died at Chatham on 14 Dec. 1779, in his twentieth year. His second son was John, and the third, Samuel Paterson the younger, who was assisted by Johnson, was an artist, and exhibited a portrait at the Royal Academy in 1789 (, Dictionary, 1884, p. 179). One of his daughters, Margaret, married James Pearson [q. v.], the glass-stainer.

Paterson wrote: 1. ‘Another Traveller! or Cursory Remarks and Tritical Observations made upon a Journey through part of the Netherlands in 1766, by Coryat Junior,’ London, 1767–9, 4 parts in 2 vols. sm. 8vo; ‘second edition corrected,’ London, 1769, 12mo (sentimental travels in the manner of Sterne, of very poor quality). 2. ‘Bibliotheca Anglica Curiosa: a Catalogue of several thousand printed Books and Tracts (chiefly English) collected with a view to a History of English Literature,’ London, 1771, 8vo. 3. ‘Joineriana, or the Book of Scraps,’ London, 1772, 2 vols. sm. 8vo (miscellaneous essays, anonymous). 4. ‘The Templar,’ London, 1773 (a periodical of which only fourteen numbers were published, the last in December 1773; designed as a protest against the advertising of ecclesiastical offices and places of trust under government). 5. ‘Speculations on Law and Lawyers, applicable to the Manifest Hardships, Uncertainties, and Abusive Practice of the Common Law,’ London, 1788, 8vo (on the dangers of personal arrest for debt previous to any verification).

[Obituary Notices in Gent. Mag. 1802, pt. ii. 1074, and European Mag. 1802, pt. ii. 427; see also Chalmers's Gen. Biogr. Dict. xxiv. 185–189; Dibdin's Bibliomania, 1842, p. 441; Nichols's Lit. Anecd. vols. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix.; Notes and Queries, 4th ser. i. 23; Timperley's Encylopædia, 1842, p. 812.]

PATERSON, THOMAS (1780–1856), lieutenant-general, was the son of Robert Paterson of Plewlands, Ayrshire, He entered the royal artillery as second lieutenant 1 Dec. 1795. After serving in Canada and the West Indies from 1796 to 1804, and becoming second captain 19 July 1804, he took part in the expedition to Copenhagen under Lord Cathcart in 1807. He was attached to Baird's division, and after the army had landed it fell to him to keep the Danish gunboats in check with his 9-pounders, while batteries were being thrown up for the bombardment. He became captain 1 Feb. 1808, and in the following year he served in the Walcheren expedition. He was given a brevet majority 4 June 1814, and became lieutenant-colonel in the regiment 6 Nov. 1827, and colonel 10 Jan. 1837. In 1836 he was made superintendent of the Royal Military Repository at Woolwich. He was promoted major-general 9 Nov. 1846, and lieutenant-general 30 June 1854, having become a colonel-commandant of the royal artillery 15 Aug. 1850. He died at Woolwich on 13 June 1856.

[Royal Military Calendar; Irving's Book of Scotsmen; Kane's List of Artillery Officers.]

PATERSON, WILLIAM (1658–1719), founder of the Bank of England, son of John Paterson of Skipmyre, in the old parish of Trailflatt now merged in that of Tinwald, Dumfriesshire, by his wife Elizabeth (Bethia), was born there in April 1658. The farmhouse where he was born was pulled down in 1864. The story that ‘he came from Scotland in his younger years, with a pack on his back,’ and ‘having travell'd this country


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 for some years,’ became first a missionary and then a buccaneer in the West Indies, is not supported by evidence of any value (A Defence of the Scots abdicating Darien, 1700, pp. 2, 3; cf. Caledonia, or the Pedlar turn'd Merchant;, Fugitive Pieces of Scottish Poetry, 2nd ser.) He was ‘bred in England from his infancy’ (Clerk of Penicuik's Memoirs, p. 61), and lived for some time at Bristol with a kinswoman of his mother, from whom he is said to have received a legacy. Until the revolution of 1688 he ‘had experience abroad and at home in matters of general trade and revenues’ (Paterson's ‘Memorial to George I,’ dated 8 March 1714–15 quoted by ), going for several years ‘in person’ to the West Indies, where his reputation was so great that at the time of the Darien expedition it was said that ‘wherever he should be settled, thither the people would throng from all the plantations to join him.’ He also formed connections with New England. He became a member of the Merchant Taylors' Company by redemption on 16 Nov. 1681, and was admitted to the livery on 21 Oct. 1689. In 1688 he took part with those who were planning the revolution, being ‘much in the coffee-houses of Amsterdam’ at this time.

By 1691 he had acquired great influence in the city and a considerable fortune. In July and August of that year, he, with Michael Godfrey and other merchants, proposed to the government the foundation of the Bank of England, pointing out at the same time the necessity of restoring the currency. Of the whole scheme Paterson was ‘chief projector.’ But, in spite of repeated applications to the government, nothing was done for three years. In January 1692 Paterson was the principal witness before the parliamentary committee appointed to receive proposals for raising supplies. He conducted the negotiations between the government and the merchants who signed the proposals, and stated that ‘himself and some others might come up to advance 500,000l.’ (Journals of the House of Commons, x. 631, 632). On the foundation of the bank in 1694 he became a director, with a qualification of 2,000l. But the bank realised his wishes ‘but lamely … and far from the extensive nature and other publick advantages concerted in the proposition’ (An Enquiry … By the Wednesday's Club in Friday Street, 1717, p. 68). In 1695, on a difference with his colleagues, when he was outvoted, he sold out and voluntarily withdrew from the directorate. On 12 Feb. of that year he made proposals for the consolidation of the City of London orphan fund which were not accepted. He had 4,000l. invested in the fund, which was ‘of very great moment to him’ (A State of Mr. Paterson's Claim upon the Equivalent). He also took part in the Hampstead Water Company, a scheme for supplying north London with water from reservoirs south of the Hampstead and Highgate hills, and in December 1693 the city granted him a license to lay pipes for supplying water to the inhabitants of Southwark (, London and the Kingdom, ii. 582). At this time he had a house in the parish of St. Giles-in-the-fields.

Meanwhile Paterson had matured his scheme, first formed in 1684, for the foundation of a colony in Darien. Originally intending to start a company differing in its constitution from any of the existing English trading companies, he had made overtures to the elector of Brandenburg and the cities of Embden and Bremen. In 1695 he went to Scotland, where Andrew Fletcher [q. v.] of Saltoun introduced him to members of the administration, and his scheme was eagerly taken up. Paterson himself framed the first draft of the act establishing the Scottish Africa and India Company (26 June 1695). He raised 300,000l., the maximum fixed for any one subscription in England, and 400,000l. in Scotland, besides obtaining subscriptions from abroad; he himself subscribed 3,000l. But pressure by Spain, France, and Holland compelled the English government to publicly withdraw their support; the English subscriptions had to be abandoned, and an impeachment on a technical point of infringement of the act of 1695 was commenced, but afterwards dropped, against Paterson and twenty-two members of the company. Paterson had engaged in the company's service on the promise (6 Nov. 1695) of receiving 12,000l. in ready money and three per cent. of the profits for twenty-one years, or an additional 12,000l. He now gave up his business in London, which was ‘considerable,’ and ‘growing upon him daily,’ and devoted himself entirely to the company's interests, on the promise of 30,000l. But a resolution of the directors (6 Oct. 1696), which granted him only one fourth of the stipulated sum, does not appear to have been confirmed by the general council of the company. Paterson was one of four directors sent abroad in 1696 to settle the Hamburg subscriptions. In the following year he and two others were commissioned to purchase stores for the expedition with a sum of 25,000l. The agent employed by him to conduct the financial operation made off with the money, and, though part of it was recovered and Paterson himself paid 6,000l. out of his own resources, a sum of more than 8,000l. was lost. Paterson thereupon offered


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 to leave the company altogether, or to go out in the service of the directors, appropriating a large portion of his salary for their benefit. But his offer was not accepted. He accompanied the expedition in 1698; but as the management was entrusted to seven councillors, who quarrelled amongst themselves, he had little influence on the conduct of affairs. He was seriously ill in Darien, and on the voyage to New York after the colony was abandoned. ‘Trouble of mind’ deprived him temporarily of his reason. He returned to Edinburgh on 5 Dec. 1699, and drew up a report, dated the 19th, to the directors of the company, who appointed a committee to confer with him. Far from abandoning his design, he tried repeatedly to revive it in a form which would enlist the support of England.

On his arrival in London Paterson was kindly received by William III (April 1701), with whom he had frequent private conferences on public credit and state affairs, and at whose request he put his proposals into writing. Paterson suggested (1) the provision of interest for the existing national debts; (2) the regulation of the treasury and the exchequer, so as to leave no room for fraud; (3) strict inquiry from time to time into the conduct of all concerned in the revenue; (4) a commission of inquiry into the state and the management of the national debt; (5) a West India expedition, on the ground that ‘to secure the Spanish monarchy from France … it was more practicable to make Spain and the other dominions in Europe follow the fate of the West Indies, than to make the West Indies, if once in the power of France, follow the fate of Spain;’ (6) union with Scotland, than which, he convinced William, ‘nothing could tend more … to render this island great and considerable’ (Paterson's letter to Godolphin, 12 Dec. 1709; An Enquiry … By the Wednesday's Club in Friday Street, 1717, p. 84). After the death of William III he renewed his proposals, with the addition of others, to Godolphin, at the request of that minister. From this time until his death Paterson was frequently consulted by ministers, and employed by them to devise means of raising public supplies. From 1701 he urged upon the government the financial measures which became the basis of ‘Walpole's Sinking Fund’ and the great scheme of 1717 for the consolidation and conversion of the national debt. In 1703 he proposed, if indeed he did not actually establish, a public library of commerce and finance, for ‘to this necessary and it's hoped now rising study of trade there is requisite not only as complete a collection as possible of all books, pamphlets, and schemes relating to trade … ancient or modern, but likewise of the best histories, voyages, and accounts of the states, laws, and customs of countries, that from them it may be more clearly … understood how … wars, conquests … plenty, want, good or bad management, or influence of government … have more immediately affected the rise and decline of the industry of a people’ (‘A Catalogue of Books … collected by William Paterson, Esq.,’ Harl. MS. 4684, Brit. Mus.) In 1705 he engaged in a controversy with John Law (1671–1729) [q. v.], and prevented the adoption of an inconvertible paper currency in Scotland.

Paterson not only published an able pamphlet in favour of the union of England and Scotland, but he had a ‘great share’ in framing the articles of the treaty relating to trade and finance. He was also employed, with Bower and Gregory, in the calculation of the equivalent, for which he received 200l. He went to Scotland in 1706, and remained there until the end of the negotiations, waiting upon ministers, explaining the treaty, and smoothing away difficulties. One of the last acts of the Scottish parliament (25 March 1707) was to recommend him to Queen Anne ‘for his good service’ (, History of the Union, p. 525). Though the people of Dumfries had suffered much from the failure of the Darien scheme, and had been violently opposed to the union, they returned Paterson, with William Johnstoun, to the first united parliament. But the house decided that it was a double return, and Paterson was unseated (, Brief Relation, vi. 378). In the accounts of the Scottish Africa Company's debt to be provided for out of the equivalent, Paterson's claims had been omitted. He repeatedly urged his claims, without success. In 1713 the commons reported in his favour, and passed a bill, which was thrown out by the lords, appropriating to him the sum of 18,000l. He did not receive the money until 1715, when a bill, supported by the king, was passed without opposition. From 1703 until his death he resided in Queen Square, Westminster, where he was one of the higher ratepayers. He appears to have been in reduced circumstances until he received the Darien indemnity, and is said to have taught mathematics and navigation. He was paid, however, small sums for services in the management of the South Sea Company, and he retained an interest in the Hampstead Water Company. He died in January 1719. His will was proved at Doctors' Commons on 22 Jan. 1719 (O.S.)


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 Paterson married, first, Elizabeth Turner, widow of Thomas Bridge, minister of the gospel in Boston, New England (she died before his return to England); secondly, Hannah Kemp, widow of Samuel South, by whom he had one son. His second wife and child died in Darien. By his will, signed at Westminster on 1 July 1718, and certified on 3 July at the Ship Tavern, Without Temple Bar, he left legacies to his step-children, the children of his sister Janet Mounsey, and to his sister Elizabeth, who married John Paterson the younger of Kinharvey. The legacies to his Scottish relatives were never paid, as the ‘just debts’ he was forced to contract in connection with his various schemes absorbed all his estate.

Paterson published anonymously: Bannister also printed and published Paterson's memorial to William III (1 Jan. 1701), and his proposal for settling on the isthmus of Darien, releasing the natives from the tyranny of Spain, and throwing open the trade of South America to all nations, 1701 (Addit. MS. 12437, Brit. Mus.), with the title, ‘Central America,’ London, 8vo, 1857; reprinted, with some of Paterson's other works, in Bannister's ‘Life and Writings of Paterson,’ 1859.
 * 1) ‘Conferences on the Public Debts. By the Wednesday's Club in Friday Street,’ London, 1695, 4to.
 * 2) ‘A Letter to a Member of the late Parliament, concerning the Debts of the Nation,’ London, 1701.
 * 3) ‘Proposals and Reasons for constituting a Council of Trade,’ Edinburgh, 1701, 12mo.
 * 4) ‘England's great Concern, in the perpetual settlement of a Commission of Accounts. … With a discovery of some notable frauds committed in collecting the supplies,’ London, 1702, 4to.
 * 5) ‘The Occasion of Scotland's Decay in Trade, with a proper expedient for recovery thereof, and the increasing our Wealth,’ 1705.
 * 6) ‘An Essay, concerning Inland and Foreign, Publick and Private Trade; together with some overtures how a company or national trade may be constituted in Scotland, with the advantages which will result therefrom,’ 1705. The last two pamphlets were written in reply to ‘Two Overtures humbly offered to … John, Duke of Argyle [by John Law].’
 * 7) ‘An Enquiry into the Reasonableness and Consequences of an Union with Scotland. … By Lewis Medway. With observations thereupon, as communicated to Lawrence Phillips, Esq., near York,’ London, 1706, 8vo.
 * 8) ‘An Enquiry into the State of the Union of Great Britain and the Past and Present State of the Trade and Public Revenues thereof,’ London, 1717, 8vo. Written, it is said, at Walpole's request.

The only known portrait of Paterson is the pen-and-ink wash-drawing in the British Museum (ib. 10403, f. i b), executed in 1708, the date of the transcription of ‘Two Treatises relating to the Union … by William Paterson, Esq.,’ to which it is prefixed.

PATERSON, WILLIAM (1755–1810), traveller and lieutenant-governor of New South Wales, was born on 17 Aug. 1755. He entered the army at an early age, but not before he had developed a strong liking for natural history, especially botany. The interest and patronage of Lady Strathmore enabled him to gratify these tastes, and before entering upon active service he had made a series of exploring expeditions in the Hottentot country. He left England early in 1777, arrived at Capetown in May, and on 16 Oct., in company with Captain Gordon, made his first expedition, returning to Cape Town on 13 Jan. 1778. His second expedition lasted from May to 20 Nov. 1778. His third was into the district which he called Caffraria, and claimed as hitherto unknown, and it lasted from 23 Dec. 1778 to 23 March 1779. His fourth journey occupied him from 18 June to 21 Dec. the same year. He made several fresh contributions to science, and is


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 credited with having brought to England the first giraffe-skin ever seen there. The French traveller Le Vaillant several times refers to his researches in high terms.

Soon after his return to England Paterson was gazetted to the 98th regiment (7 Oct. 1781), and was sent to India, where he was at the siege of Caroor in 1783. In 1785 the 98th regiment was disbanded, and on 24 Sept. 1787 he became a lieutenant in the 73rd foot. In June 1789 he was one of the lieutenants chosen to recruit and command a company of the New South Wales corps, which was formed in that year for the purpose of protecting the new convict settlement at Botany Bay. On 5 June 1789 he was appointed a captain in the corps. It seems probable that he was introduced to this enterprise by Sir Joseph Banks, to whom he dedicated his book on Caffraria. Banks took a keen personal interest in all that concerned the infant colony.

Paterson had married, and did not go out with the first draft of the corps, but with Philip Gidley King [q. v.], afterwards governor, on the Gorgon, his wife accompanying him. They arrived in New South Wales in October 1791. After a few days' stay in Sydney, Paterson was ordered to Norfolk Island, and was apparently stationed there at intervals till the end of 1793. The chief event in this period of Paterson's career was his exploration of the Hawkesbury river early in 1793; he ascended the rapids in small boats, where the governor had failed, and discovered and named the Grose river. He also found several new plants. The expedition lasted ten days. On 15 Feb. 1794 he was senior member of the court held at Sydney to inquire into the conduct of the mutinous detachment of the New South Wales corps at Norfolk Island. On 20 Feb. his name appears as taking up six acres of land at Sydney. On 8 Dec. 1794, on the departure of Grose, the major commandant of the corps, who had been acting as lieutenant-governor of the colony since the departure of Governor Arthur Phillips [q. v.], Paterson succeeded to the command of the corps and administration of the government. In February 1795 he sent Grimes, the colonial surveyor, to explore Port Stephens. His rule ended on 16 Sept. 1795. It is clear that he was alive to the requirements of the rising settlement, and Governor John Hunter (1738–1821) [q. v.], soon after his arrival, in referring to Paterson's application for leave, speaks of him as ‘a very valuable officer.’ Paterson, who doubtless bore much of the trouble which was given in 1796 by the New South Wales corps, did not actually depart till much later. He was in England during 1798, and was admitted a member of the Royal Society on 17 May. He also joined the Royal Asiatic Society. In 1799 he returned to the colony in the Walker, and in connection with certain transactions as to the victualling on board that ship was censured by the secretary of state. He was now commandant of the corps, having received the step of major on 1 Sept. 1795, and that of lieutenant-colonel on 18 Jan. 1798; he was at once involved in quarrels, and one of his earliest acts as colonel was to send his major, Johnston, to England under arrest; in September 1801 he resisted an effort of some of the officers to insult Governor King; fought a duel with John McArthur [q. v.], and was so dangerously wounded that for a time all persons concerned were under arrest, in expectation of Paterson's death. Yet in 1802, when King withstood the action of the corps on the drink question, Paterson went with the malcontents, and was humiliated by the success of King's opposition. He seems at this time to have endeavoured to keep in with both the opposing civil and military factions, and to have had the confidence of neither. In the serious insurrection of 1804, however, he and his corps stood by the governor and saved the colony.

On 7 June 1804 Paterson was sent by King to Port Dalrymple in Tasmania as lieutenant-governor, and instructed to form a post of occupancy at such point as he thought suitable. He occupied Port Dalrymple in November, and experienced many anxieties as to food supply, native unfriendliness, and convict insubordination. He was also drawn into disputes with David Collins at Hobart as to superiority of title and jurisdiction. The notorious Margarot was in August 1805 sent to complete his sentence under Paterson's special supervision.

Paterson, who was made colonel by brevet on 25 April 1808, was still at Port Dalrymple when Major Johnston reported to him the deposition of Governor William Bligh [q. v.] In January 1809 he went to Sydney, and administered the government till the king's pleasure was known. He had approved the proceedings taken against Bligh by the officers of the New South Wales corps, and declined to entertain Bligh's appeals that he should restore him. Bligh had plotted to place Paterson under arrest on his arrival, and Paterson wrote indignantly to Lord Castlereagh of Bligh's conduct. On 4 Feb. 1809 he and Bligh signed the convention by which the latter consented to go home ‘with the utmost despatch,’ but Bligh had not gone further than Tasmania by March, and continued to give trouble. Paterson was re-


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 lieved on 31 Dec. 1809 by the arrival of the new governor, Lachlan Macquarie [q. v.] His corps—now become the 102nd regiment—was ordered home, and he left the colony in May 1810, amid the enthusiastic farewells of the colonists. He died on the passage home, on board her majesty's ship Dromedary, on 21 June 1810.

Paterson was apparently more at home in exploration and study of science than as an administrator or even a soldier. ‘The weak Colonel Paterson,’ writes Rusden on one occasion, ‘thought more of botanical collections than of extending the cords of British sovereignty.’ He seems to have been of an amiable and undecided character, often giving offence to two opposing parties by his anxiety to please both. He was the most lavish of the early administrators in his grants to private persons of the land of the colony.

Paterson river and mountain in New South Wales and Paterson creek in Tasmania are named after him, and it is said that a Paterson's Bay in the Cape Colony was for a time found on the maps.

Paterson published ‘A Narrative of Four Journeys into the Country of the Hottentots and Caffraria in the years 1777–8–9,’ London, 1789, 4to. A second edition and a French translation appeared in 1790. His botanical collections are in the Natural History Museum at South Kensington.

[War Office records and Army Lists, 1781–1810; Registers of Royal Soc.; Poggendorff's Handwörterbuch; Gent. Mag. 1810, vol. lxxx. pt. ii. p. 356; Rusden's Hist. of Australia, vol. i., see index to vol. iii. sub voce; Hist. of New South Wales from the Records, vol. ii.]  PATESHULL, HUGH (d. 1241), bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, son, and apparently heir, of Simon de Pateshull (d. 1217?) [q. v.], judge, was a clerk of the exchequer, and received the seal of the court, holding the office called somewhat later the chancellorship of the exchequer. He appears to have belonged to the baronial party in the reign of John, and, his father being then dead, received restitution of his lands in 2 Hen. III. He received several benefices, holding in Northamptonshire the churches of Church Stowe, Ettingdon, and Cottingham, and was a prebendary of St. Paul's, London. On 1 June 1234 he was, against his will, made treasurer of the kingdom in place of Peter de Rievaulx [q. v.], receiving a grant of a hundred marks as stipend. He bore a high character for honourable dealing, and discharged the duties of his office faithfully. The see of Lichfield having fallen vacant in 1238, and a double election having been made by the canons of Lichfield, who chose William of Manchester, and the monks of Coventry, who chose Nicholas of Farnham [q. v.], and both the elect having declined the see, the king ordered a new election, and Hugh was chosen unanimously about Christmas 1239. He took a moving farewell of the barons of the exchequer, telling them that he left the exchequer because God had called him to the cure of souls; they all wept, and he kissed each of them (, Chronica Majora, iv. 2). He was consecrated at Newark, near Guildford, on 1 July 1240. He opposed the monks of Coventry, who formed one of his two chapters, probably with reference to the episcopal right of visitation (comp. ib. p. 171 with Annales Monastici, iii. 143, 152). In 1241 he went a pilgrimage to the shrines of St. Edmund and other saints, and on its termination attended a council of bishops held at Oxford. On his return thence he died at Potterspury, Northamptonshire, on 8 Dec., and was buried before the altar of St. Stephen in his cathedral at Lichfield, in which he had founded the prebend of Colwich, endowing it with the impropriation and advowson of Colwich in Staffordshire.

[Foss's Judges, ii. 437; Matt. Paris's Chron. Maj. iii. 296, 542, iv. 2, 31, 171, 175 (Rolls Ser.); Ann. de Dunstap. ap. Ann. Monast. iii. 149, 152, 157; Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 340 (Record Publ.); Madox's Hist. of Excheq. ii. 35, 255; Bridges's Northamptonshire, i. 90, 566, ii. 299; Le Neve's Fasti, i. 547, 591, ii. 414, ed. Hardy.]  PATESHULL, MARTIN (d. 1229), judge and dean of London, was probably a native either of Pattishall, Northamptonshire  or Patshull, Staffordshire. Whether he was related to Simon de Pateshull [q. v.] or Walter de Pateshull [q. v.] is not known. He appears as one of the clerks of King John in 1209 (Rotuli Chartarum, p. 108), and in June 1215 received a safe-conduct to go to the king at Windsor (Rotuli Literarum Patentium, p. 142). In 1217 he sat as a justice at Westminster, and was a justice itinerant for Yorkshire and Northumberland, after which date he was constantly employed as a judge, his name appearing first in the commissions for seven shires in 1224. When in that year the justices itinerant were attacked at Dunstable by order of Falkes de Breauté [q. v.], and Henry de Braybroc [q. v.] was seized, Pateshull, who was acting with Braybroc, escaped (, iv. 94), and afterwards negotiated between Falkes and the king (Annals of Dunstable, sub an.) Grants of forty marks were made to him for the expenses of an iter in October 1221, and of fifteen and twenty-one marks for like ex-


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 penses in July 1222, and he also had license from the king to keep fifty hogs in Windsor forest (Rotuli Literarum Clausarum, i. 471, 504, 515). He held certain benefices in the archdeaconry of Northumberland (ib. ii. 203), the chapel of Berrow and, perhaps, its mother-church of Overbury, Worcestershire (Annals of Worcester, an. 1224); was a prebendary of London, and in 1227 archdeacon of Norfolk. In 1228 he was chosen dean of St. Paul's. He was struck with paralysis in 1229 (Annals of Dunstable, sub an.), and died on 14 Nov. of that year. He was famed for his prudence and skill in law (, p. 126). He was an indefatigable worker. A judge who was ordered to go as itinerant with him in Yorkshire begged to be excused, on the ground that Pateshull was strong and so sedulous and practised in labour as to exhaust the strength of all his fellows, and especially that of the writer and of William de Ralegh [q. v.] (Royal Letters, Henry III, i. 342).

[Foss's Judges, ii. 438; Dugdale's Chron. Ser. pp. 7, 8; Fuller's Worthies, ii. 166, ed. Nichols; Wendover, iv. 94 (Engl. Hist. Soc.); Ann. Monast. i. 73, iii. 66, 87, iv. 416, 421, Royal Letters Hen. III, i. 328, 342 (both Rolls Ser.); Rot. Chart., p. 108, Rot. Litt. Pat. p. 142, Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 471, 504, 515, ii. 203 (all Record publ.); Madox's Hist. of Excheq. ii. 43, 257; Le Neve's Fasti, ii. 371, 482, ed. Hardy.]  PATESHULL, PETER (fl. 1387), theological writer, was a friar of the Augustinian house in London and took the degree of doctor of theology at Oxford. When Pope Urban offered chaplaincies for sale, which exempted monks from their orders, Peter bought one from Walter of Diss. Much influenced by Wiclif's ‘De Realibus Universalibus,’ he began to preach against his order. One of his sermons, in the church of St. Christopher, London, was interrupted by twelve friars of his house, and a riot ensued, which was quelled by the sheriffs and one of the friars. His followers recommended him to put his charges in writing. He did so, and nailed them to the door of St. Paul's Cathedral. He charged the friars with treachery to the king and country, and with gross immorality. Sir William Neville [q. v.], Sir Thomas Latimer, Sir Lewis Clifford, and others gave him encouragement. Thomas Walsingham (ad an. 1387) says he recanted on his deathbed. Leland says he attacked the sacraments of the church, the avarice, pride, and tyranny of the pope, and that his works were severely repressed by the papacy. Bale gives a list of Pateshull's writings, orthodox and unorthodox, the latter of which were burnt; but none are known to be extant.

[Walsingham's Historia Anglicana, ed. Riley, ii. 157; Capgrave's Chronicle of England, p. 244; Tanner's Bibliotheca Britannica; Bale's Scriptorum Illustrium Catalogus, p. 509; Leland, De Scriptoribus, c. 437; Pits, De Illustribus Angliæ Scriptoribus.]  PATESHULL or PATTISHALL, SIMON (d. 1217?), judge, probably a native of Pattishall, Northamptonshire, where his family, and possibly he, held the manor under the prior of Dunstable, received charge of the castle of Northampton by the terms of the award between John and the chancellor William of Longchamp [q. v.] in 1191, and appears as one of the king's justices in 1193. In 1195 he was sheriff of Northamptonshire, Essex, and Hertfordshire, and continued sheriff of Northamptonshire until 1204. During the reign of John he seems to have been chief justice of the common pleas division of the king's court, commissions being issued to him by name, ‘with others his companions.’ Matthew Paris speaks of him as chief justiciar of the whole kingdom (Chronica Majora, iii. 296), but this seems a mistake. He was one of the justices for the Jews, and in 1199 received from the king two houses in Northampton which had belonged to Benedict the Jew. John also gave him the manor of Rothersthorpe, near Northampton, and certain wood land. He probably held the manor of Bletsoe in Bedfordshire, having perhaps acquired it by marriage. A fine of a hundred marks incurred by him and another justice for having granted certain litigants a term without royal license was remitted in 1207. He appears to have been sent to Ireland by the king in 1210. He fell under the king's displeasure in 1215, John apparently suspecting him of complicity in the baronial revolt, and his lands were seized; but the abbot of Woburn defended him and made his peace with the king, who in December restored his lands (Patent Rolls, p. 94). He acted as judge in March 1216, and, as his son Hugh received restitution of his lands in 2 Hen. III, it is probable that Simon died in, or about, 1217. He had a son, Hugh de Pateshull [q. v.], bishop of Lichfield, and probably another Sir Simon de Pateshull [q. v.] Simon bore a high character for wisdom and honourable dealing.

[Foss's Judges, ii. 100; Dugdale's Orig. Jurid., Chron. Ser. p. 5; Rot. Litt. Claus. i. 61, 113, 114, 200, 244, ed. Hardy (Record Publ.); Rot. Litt. Pat. p. 94, ed. Hardy (Record Publ.); Rot. Chart. pp. 52, 131, 184, ed. Hardy (Record Publ.); Madox's History of the Exchequer, i. 235, ii. 315, 317; Matt. Paris's Chronica Majora, iii. 296, 542 (Rolls Ser.); Rog. Hov. iii. 136 (Rolls Ser.)]


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 {|
 * EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD

MRS. MATTHEW T. SCOTT, Washington, D. C. Former President-General National Society Daughters of the American Revolution

MRS. SELDON STUART WRIGHT, San Francisco President National Society Colonial Dames of America in the State of California

MISS MARY GARRETT HAY, New York City President New York State Federation of Women's Clubs

MISS ELIZA GORDON BROWNING, Indianapolis Librarian of the Indianapolis Public Library

DR. ZELLA ALLEN DIXSON, Chicago Librarian, Author, Lecturer (Head Univ. of Chicago Library, 1890-1911)

MRS. W. W. KING, Kalorama, Staunton, Va. President Virginia State Federation of Women's Clubs

MRS. NETTIE K. GRAVETT, Columbus, Ohio Former State Librarian of Colorado; now Ass't State Librarian of Ohio

MRS. SAMUEL SEMPLE, Titusville, Pa. President State Federation of Pennsylvania Women

MRS. THEODORE C. BATES, Worcester, Mass. Vice-President-General National Society Daughters of the American Revolution

MRS. WILLIAM R. CHIVVIS, St. Louis, Mo. President Missouri Federation of Women's Clubs

 * }


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 A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF CONTEMPORARY WOMEN OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA

Editor-in-Chief

Woman's Who's Who of America, 1914-15, title page logo.jpeg

NEW YORK THE AMERICAN COMMONWEALTH COMPANY

Republished by Gale Research Company, Book Tower, Detroit, 1976


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 Copyright, 1914

THE AMERICAN COMMONWEALTH CO.


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While the value of prefaces has often been seriously questioned, it would seem that the first publication of an original reference book filling a new and heretofore unoccupied field calls for some kind of an introduction to explain its reason for being, its aim and scope.

The time has long passed since an apology was necessary for the publishing of a. The idea originated in England about sixty years ago, but was kept in aristocratic bounds until about fifteen years ago, when Douglas Sladen, an Australian writer, revised the book and extended its scope into the useful British volume we know to-day.

Meanwhile, this present writer had Americanized and democratized the idea in making the first volume covering United States subjects. It met instant acceptance and recognition, and since that the books of that kind, which he has created, have become the most consulted books of reference in regard to contemporary American people that have ever been issued from the press.

After coming to New York and engaging as editor for two editions of a book relating to the notables of the Empire State, this writer became convinced that there was a need for a book of that kind which would deal entirely with women, and, with the late L. R. Hamersly, began to gather data for such a book. That venture was, however, soon after abandoned and never taken up again. Two years ago this present enterprise was projected and the writer was asked to undertake its editorial direction.

To gather fresh and original data for approximately ten thousand brief biographies involves much hard work and a strenuous campaign of research and inquiry, and the volume now presented represents two years of labor.

The reasons for a are many. The general publications of the class give comparatively little attention to women. The one most consulted has data of a few hundred women mixed in with the biographies of about seventeen thousand men, but even of these women, outside of those engaged in literature and education, the number is almost negligible.

Women's activities have increased by leaps and bounds. There is scarcely a single field of professional or intellectual endeavor which has not been entered by women, and in which they have not made good. There are those living who can remember the first opening of the means of collegiate education to women. Now the higher education is pursued by as many women as men. Outside of the collegiate institutions, there is a vast educative force in the thousands of women's clubs, found in all the cities and most of the villages and hamlets of the country, in which women are studying literature, civics, sociology, current events, or are otherwise attaining greater light and broader culture. With education has come ambition, and thus we find womanhood asserting itself not only in those activities somewhat loosely grouped under the name of "the feminist movement," but also in competition or association with men in those avenues of endeavor formerly regarded as essentially masculine.

These activities and these movements, interesting in the mass, are the composite results of individual expression. The personalities behind them become objects of increasing interest, and it is the demand for information as to the careers of those 21


text: Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography/Rosenthal, Max