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the entertainment and written media industry should refrain from producing material meant for general entertainment which in any way glamorizes or encourages the use of illegal drugs and alcohol and the entertainment and written media industry should develop films, television programs, records, videos, and advertising which discourage the use of illegal drugs and alcohol. SEC. 4019. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS URGING THE CATEGORIZATION OF FILMS WHICH PROMOTE ALCOHOL ABUSE AND DRUG USE.

(a) The Congress finds that— (1) the abuse of alcohol and the use of drugs has become a societal problem of epidemic proportions, (2) it is in the interest of all citizens to contribute to the reduction of alcohol abuse and drug use, particularly among > youth, (3) the entertainment industry, particularly the motion picture industry's production of youth-oriented films, often depicts alcohol abuse and drug use in a benign, even glamorous way, (4) the motion picture industry has a profound impact on societal norms and is a powerful medium which exerts great influence on the values of youth, and (5) the motion picture industry has recognized the need to inform parents about the contents of movies regarding violence, sex, language, and nudity and therefore currently employs a voluntary rating system. (b) It is the sense of the Congress that the Motion Picture Association of America should incorporate a new rating in its voluntary movie rating system to clearly identify films which depict alcohol abuse and drug use. SEC. 420. ANIMALS IN RESEARCH.

Part A of title V, as amended by sections 4004 and 4005, is amended by adding at the end the following: " A N I M A L S I N RESEARCH

"SEC. 509C. (a) The Secretary, acting through the Administrator, 42 USC shall establish guidelines for the following: 290aa-10. "(1) The proper care of animals to be used in research conducted by and through agencies of the Administration. "(2) The proper treatment of animals while being used in such research. Guidelines under this paragraph shall require— "(A) the appropriate use of tranquilizers, analgesics, anesthetics, paral3d;ics, and euthanasia for animals in such research; and "(B) appropriate pre-surgical and post-surgical veterinary medical and nursing care for animals in such research. • Such guidelines shall not be construed to prescribe methods of research. "(3) The organization and operation of animal care committee in accordance with subsection (b). "(b)(1) Guidelines of the Secretary under subsection (a)(3) shall require animal care committees at each entity which conducts research with funds provided under this title to assure compliance with the guidelines established under subsection (a). "(2) Each animal care committee shall be appointed by the chief executive officer of the entity for which the committee is estab-

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Reports.

Grants. Contracts.

Grants. Contracts.

PUBLIC LAW 99-570—OCT. 27, 1986

lished, shall be composed of not fewer than three members, and shall include at least one individual who has no association with such entity and at least one doctor of veterinary medicine. "(c) Each animal care committee of a research entity shall— "(1) review the care and treatment of animals in all animal study areas and facilities of the research entity at least semiannually to evaluate compliance with applicable guidelines established under subsection (a) for appropriate animal care and treatment; "(2) keep appropriate records of reviews conducted under paragraph (1); and "(3) for each review conducted under paragraph (1), file with the Administrator at least annually (A) a certification that the review has been conducted, and (B) report of any violations of guidelines established under subsection (a) or of assurances required under subsection (d) which were observed in such review and which have continued after notice by the committee to the research entity involved of the violations. Reports filed under paragraph (3) shall include any minority views filed by members of the committee. "(d) The Administrator shall require each applicant for a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement involving research on animals which is administered by the Administrator or any agency of the Administration to include in its application or contract proposal, submitted after the expiration of the 12-month period beginning on the date of enactment of this section— "(1) assurances satisfactory to the Administrator that— "(A) the applicant meets the requirements of the guidelines established under paragraph (1) and (2) of subsection (a) and hgis an animal care committee which meets the requirements of subsection (b); and "(B) scientists, animal technicians, and other personnel involved with animal care, treatment, arid use by the applicant have available to them instruction or training in the humane practice of animal maintenance and experimentation, and the concept, availability, and use of iO,1 research or testing methods that limit the use of animals or limit animal distress; and "(2) a statement of the reasons for the use of animals in the research to be conducted with funds provided under such grant or contract. Notwithstanding subsection (a)(2) of section 553 of title 5, United States Code, regulations under this subsection shall be promulgated in accordance with the notice and comment requirements of such section. "(e) If the Administrator determines that— "(1) the Conditions of animal care, treatment, or use in an entity which is receiving a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement involving research on animals under this title do not meet applicable guidelines established under subsection (a); "(2) the entity has been notified by the Administrator of such determination and has been given a reasonable opportunity to take corrective action; and "(3) no action has been taken by the entity to correct such conditions; the Administrator shall suspend or revoke such grant or contract under such conditions as the Administrator determines appropriate.

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"(f) No guideline or regulation promulgated under subsection (a) or (c) may require a research entity to disclose publicly trade secrets or commercial or financial information which is privileged or confidential. SEC. 4021. TECHNICAL AMENDMENTS.

(a) SECTION 504 (e).—Subsection (e) of section 504 (42 U.S.C. 290aa-3) is amended by striking out the period at the end of paragraph (2)(A) and inserting in lieu thereof a semicolon. SECTION 504 (g).—Subsection (g) of such section is amended by striking out "section 1915(e)" and inserting in lieu thereof "1916 (e)". Ob) GENERAL AUTHORITY.—

(1) Section 504 (as amended by section 4019) is amended by adding at the end the following: "(i) The Secretary, acting through the Director, may make grants Grants. to and enter into cooperative agreements and contracts with public Contracts. and nonprofit private entities for research on mental illness.". (2) Section 301(a)(3) (42 U.S.C. 241(a)(3)) is amended by striking i;, out "or, in the case of mental health" and all that follows through "Council;" and by striking out "or the National Advisory Mental Health Council". SEC. 4022. ALCOHOLISM AND ALCOHOL ABUSE TREATMENT STUDY. 42 USC 290bb note. (a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of Health and Human Services, acting through the Director of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and in accordance with subsection (b), shall arrange for the conduct of a study to— (1) critically review available research knowledge and experience in the United States and other countries regarding alter; native approaches and mechanisms (including statutory and ^ voluntary mechanisms) for the provision of alcoholism and alcohol abuse treatment and rehabilitative services, (2) assess available evidence concerning comparative costs, quality, effectiveness, and appropriateness of alcoholism and . alcohol abuse treatment and rehabilitative service alternatives, i v (3) review the state of financing alternatives available to the f public, including an analysis of policies and experiences of third irr party insurers and State and municipal governments, and i (4) consider and make recommendations for policies and programs of research, planning, administration, and reimbursement for the treatment and rehabilitation of individuals suffering from alcoholism and alcohol abuse. (b) ARRANGEMENTS.—

(1) The Secretary shall request the National Academy of Sciences to conduct the study described in subsection (a) under an arrangement under which the actual expenses incurred by the Academy in conducting the study will be paid by the Secretary and with the consent of the Academy the Secretary shall enter into such arrangement. (2) Under the arrangement entered into under paragraph (1), the National Academy of Sciences shall agree to— (A) conduct the study in consultation with the Director of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, and (B) submit to the Secretary not later than 24 months after Reports the date the arrangement is entered into a final report on the study.

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The Secretary shall transmit the final report of the Academy to Congress not later than 30 days after the date the Secretary receives the report. Drug-Free Schools and ^T^^'^oic®^ Act of 1986.

20 USC 4601 "°*®20 USC 4601.

Subtitle B—Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act of 1986 SEC. 4101. SHORT TITLE.

This subtitle may be cited as the "Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act of 1986". SEC. 4102. FINDINGS.

r

The Congress finds that: (1) Drug abuse education and prevention programs are essential components of a comprehensive strategy to reduce the demand for and use of drugs throughout the Nation. (2) Drug use and alcohol abuse are widespread among the Nation's students, not only in secondary schools, but increasingly in elementary schools as well. (3) The use of drugs and the abuse of alcohol by students constitute a grave threat to their physical and mental wellbeing and significantly impede the learning process. (4) The tragic consequences of drug use and alcohol abuse by students are felt not only by students and their families, but also by their communities and the Nation, which can ill afford to lose their skills, talents, and vitality. (5) Schools and local organizations in communities throughout the Nation have special responsibilities to work together to combat the scourge of drug use and alcohol abuse. (6) Prompt action by our Nation's schools, families, and communities can bring significantly closer the goal of a drugfree generation and a drug-free society. 20 USC 4602.

SEC. 4103. PURPOSE.

State and local governments. Contracts

It is the purpose of this subtitle to establish programs of drug abuse education and prevention (coordinated with related commu^^^^ efforts and resources) through the provision of Federal financial assistance— (1) to States for grants to local and intermediate educational agencies and consortia to establish, operate, and improve local programs of drug abuse prevention, early intervention, rehabilitation referral, and education in elementary and secondary schools (including intermediate and junior high schools); (2) to States for grants to and contracts with community-based organizations for programs of drug abuse prevention, early intervention, rehabilitation referral, and education for school dropouts and other high-risk youth; (3) to States for development, training, technical assistance, and coordination activities; (4) to institutions of higher education to establish, implement, and expand programs of drug abuse education and prevention (including rehabilitation referral) for students enrolled in colleges and universities; and (5) to institutions of higher education in cooperation with State and local educational agencies for teacher training programs in drug abuse education and prevention.

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PART l—FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR DRUG ABUSE EDUCATION AND PREVENTION PROGRAMS SEC. 4111. AUTHORIZATION OP APPROPRIATIONS.

20 USC 4611.

(a) For the purpose of carrying out this subtitle, there are authorized to be appropriated $200,000,000 for fiscal year 1987 and $250,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1988 and 1989. (b) Appropriations for any fiscal year for payments made under this subtitle in accordance with regulations of the Secretary may be made available for obligation or expenditure by the agency or institution concerned on the basis of an academic or school year differing from such fiscal year. (c) Funds appropriated for any fiscal year under this subtitle shall remain available for obligation and expenditure until the end of the fiscal year succeeding the fiscal year for which such funds were appropriated. (d) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subtitle, no Contracts. authority to enter into contracts or financial assistance agreements under this subtitle shall be effective except to such extent or in such amounts as are provided in advance in appropriation Acts. SEC. 4112. RESERVATIONS AND STATE ALLOTMENTS.

(a) From the sums appropriated or otherwise made available to carry out this subtitle for any fiscal year, the Secretary shall reserve— (1) 1 percent for payments to Guam, American Samoa, the Virgin Islands, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands, to be allotted in accordance with their respective needs; (2) 1 percent for programs for Indian youth under section 4133; (3) 0.2 percent for programs for Hawiian natives under section 4134; (4) 8 percent for programs with institutions of higher education under section 4131; (5) 3.5 percent for Federal activities under section 4132; and (6) 4.5 percent for regional centers under section 4135. (b)(l) From the remainder of the sums not reserved under subsection (a), the Secretary shall allot to each State an amount which bears the same ratio to the amount of such remainder as the schoolage population of the State bears to the school-age population of all States, except that no State shall be allotted less than an amount equal to 0.5 percent of such remainder. (2) The Secretary may reallot any amount of any allotment to a State to the extent that the Secretary determines that the State will not be able to obligate such amount within two years of allotment. Any such reallotment shall be made on the same basis as an allotment under paragraph (1). (3) For purposes of this subsection, the term "State" means any of the fifty States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. (4) For each fiscal year, the Secretary shall make payments, as provided by section 6503(a) of title 31, United States Code, to each State from its allotment under this subsection from amounts appropriated for that fiscal year.

20 USC 4612.

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20 USC 4621.

SEC. 4121. USE OF ALLOTMENTS BY STATES.

(a) An amount equal to 30 percent of the total amount paid to a State from its allotment under section 4112 for any fiscal year shall be used by the chief executive officer of such State for State program in accordance with section 4122. (b) An amount equal to 70 percent of the total amount paid to a State from its allotment under section 4112 for any fiscal year shall be used by the State educational agency to carry out its responsibilities in accordance with section 4124 and for grants to local and intermediate educational agencies and consortia for programs and activities in accordance with section 4125. •••'it U

20 USC 4622. Grants. Contracts.

Grants. Contracts.

'^^ ffi: r

-!,inv-j:A.

SEC. 4122. STATE PROGRAMS.

(a) Not more than 50 percent of the funds available for each fiscal year under section 4121(a) to the chief executive officer of a State shall be used for grants to and contracts with local governments and other public or private nonprofit entities (including parent groups, community action agencies, and other community-based organizations) for the development and implementation of programs and activities such as— (1) local broadly-based programs for drug and alcohol abuse prevention, early intervention, rehabilitation referral, and education for all age groups; (2) training programs concerning drug abuse education and prevention for teachers, counselors, other educational personnel, parents, local law enforcement officials, judicial officials, other public service personnel, and community leaders; (3) the development and distribution of educational and informational materials to provide public information (through the media and otherwise) for the purpose of achieving a drugfree society; (4) technical assistance to help community-based organizations and local and intermediate educational agencies and consortia in the planning and implementation of drug abuse prevention, early intervention, rehabilitation referral, and education programs; (5) activities to encourage the coordination of drug abuse education and prevention programs with related community efforts and resources, which may involve the use of a broadly representative State advisory council including members of the State board of education, members of local boards of education, parents, teachers, counselors, health and social service professionals, and others having special interest or expertise; and (6) other drug abuse education and prevention activities, consistent with the purposes of this subtitle. (b)(l) Not less than 50 percent of the funds available for each fiscal year under section 4121(a) to the chief executive officer of a State shall be used for innovative community-based programs of coordinated services for high-risk youth. The chief executive officer of such State shall make grants to or contracts with local governments and other public and private nonprofit entities (including parent groups community action agencies, and other community-based organizations) to carry out such services. v;;, ^.t*:;? i. j,; *f« * ' «

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(2) For purposes of this subsection, the term "high risk youth" means an individual who has not attained the age of 21 years, who is at high risk of becoming or who has been a drug or alcohol abuser, and who— (A) is a school dropout; (B) has become pregnant; , (C) is economically disadvantaged; (D) is the child of a drug or alcohol abuser; (E) is a victim of physical, sexual, or psychological abuse; (F) has committed a violent or delinquent act; (G) has experienced mental health problems; (H) has attempted suicide; or (I) has experienced long-term physical pain due to injury. SEC. 4123. STATE APPLICATIONS.

20 USC 4623.

(a) In order to receive an allotment under section 4112(b), a State shall submit an application to the Secretary. As part of such application, the chief executive officer of the State shall agree to use the funds made available under section 4121(a) in accordance with the requirements of this part. As part of such application, the State educational agency of the State shall agree to use the funds made available under section 4121(b) in accordance with the requirements of this part. (b) The application submitted by each State under subsection (a) shall— (1) cover a period of three fiscal years; (2) be submitted at such time and in such manner, and contain such information, as the Secretary may require; (3) contain assurances that the Federal funds made available under this part for any period will be so used as to supplement and increase the level of State, local, and non-Federal funds that would in the absence of such Federal funds be made available for the programs and activities for which funds are provided under this part and will in no event supplant such State, local, and other non-Federal funds; (4) provide that the State will keep such records and provide such information as may be required by the Secretary for fiscal audit and program evaluation; (5) contain assurances that there is compliance with the specific requirements of this part; (6) describe the manner in which the State educational agency will coordinate its efforts with appropriate State health, law enforcement, and drug abuse prevention agencies, including the State agency which administers the Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health block grant under part B of title XIX of the Public Health Service Act; 42 USC 300x. (7) provide assurances that the State educational agency will provide financial assistance under this part only to local and intermediate educational agencies and consortia which establish and implement drug abuse education and prevention programs in elementary and secondary schools; and (8) provide for an annual evaluation of the effectiveness of programs assisted under this part. SEC. 4124. RESPONSIBILITIES OF STATE EDUCATIONAL AGENCIES.

20 USC 4624.

(a) Each State educational agency shall use a sum which shall be Grants. not less than 90 percent of the amounts available under section

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4121(b) for each fiscal year for grants to local and intermediate educational agencies and consortia in the State, in accordance with applications approved under section 4126. From such sum, the State educational agency shall distribute funds for use among areas served by local or intermediate educational agencies or consortia on the basis of the relative numbers of children in the school-age population within such areas. Any amount of the funds made available for use in any area remaining unobligated for more than one year after the funds were made available may be provided by the State educational agency to local or intermediate educational agencies or consortia having plans for programs or activities capable of using such amount on a timely basis. O> Each State educational agency shall use not more than 10 t) percent of the amounts available under section 412103) for each fiscal year for such activities as— (1) training and technical assistance programs concerning drug abuse education and prevention for local and intermediate educational agencies, including teachers, administrators, athletic directors, other educational personnel, parents, local law enforcement officials, and judicial officials; (2) the development, dissemination, implementation, and evaluation of drug abuse education curricular and teaching materials for elementary and secondary schools throughout the State; (3) demonstration projects in drug abuse education and prevention; (4) special financial assistance to enhance resources available for drug abuse education and prevention in areas serving large numbers of economically disadvantaged children or sparsely populated areas, or to meet special needs; and (5) administrative costs of the State educational agency in carrying out its responsibilities under this part, not in excess of 2.5 percent of the amount available under section 412103). 20 USC 4625.

SEC. 4125. LOCAL DRUG ABUSE EDUCATION AND PREVENTION PROGRAMS.

(a) Any amounts made available to local or intermediate educational agencies or consortia under section 4124(a) shall be used for drug and alcohol abuse prevention and education programs and activities, including— (1) the development, acquisition, and implementation of elementary and secondary school drug abuse education and prevention curricula which clearly and consistently teach that illicit drug use is wrong and harmful; (2) school-based programs of drug abuse prevention and early intervention (other than treatment); (3) family drug abuse prevention programs, including education for parents to increase awareness about the symptoms and effects of drug use through the development and dissemination of appropriate educational materials; (4) drug abuse prevention counseling programs (which counsel that illicit drug use is wrong and harmful) for students and parents, including professional and peer counselors and involving the participation (where appropriate) of parent or other adult counselors and reformed abusers; (5) programs of drug abuse treatment and rehabilitation referral; '.'.-.•••,,,

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(6) programs of inservice and preservice training in drug and alcohol abuse prevention for teachers, counselors, other educational personnel, athletic directors, public service personnel, law enforcement officials, judicial officials, and community leaders; (7) programs in primary prevention and early intervention, such as the interdisciplinary school-team approach; (8) community education programs and other activities to involve parents and communities in the fight against drug and alcohol abuse; (9) public education programs on drug and alcohol abuse, including programs utilizing professionals and former drug and alcohol abusers; (10) on-site efforts in schools to enhance identification and discipline of drug and alcohol abusers, and to enable law enforcement officials to take necessary action in cases of drug possession and supplying of drugs and alcohol to the student population; (11) special programs and activities to prevent drug and alcohol abuse among student athletes, involving their parents and family in such drug and alcohol abuse prevention efforts and using athletic programs and personnel in preventing drug and alcohol abuse among all students; and (12) other programs of drug and alcohol abuse education and prevention, consistent with the purposes of this part. (b) A local or intermediate educational agency or consortium may receive funds under this part for any fiscal year covered by an application under section 4126 approved by the State educational agency. SEC. 4126. LOCAL APPLICATIONS.

(a)(1) In order to be eligible to receive a grant under this part for any fiscal year, a local or intermediate educational agency or consortium shall submit an application to the State educational agency for approval. (2) An application under this section shall be for a period not to exceed 3 fiscal years and may be amended annually as may be necessary to reflect changes without filing a new application. Such application shall— (A) set forth a comprehensive plan for programs to be carried out by the applicant under this part; (B) contain an estimate of the cost for the establishment and operation of such programs; (C) establish or designate a local or substate regional advisory council on drug abuse education and prevention composed of individuals who are parents, teachers, officers of State and local government, medical professionals, representatives of the law enforcement community, community-based organizations, and other groups with interest and expertise in the field of drug abuse education and prevention; (D) describe the manner in which the applicant will establish, implement, or augment mandatory age-appropriate, developmentally-based, drug abuse education and prevention programs for students throughout all grades of the schools operated or served by the applicant (from the early childhood level through grade 12), and provide assurances that the applicant enforces related rules and regulations of student conduct;

20 USC 4626.

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(E) describe the manner in which the applicant will coordinate its efforts under this part with other programs in the community related to drug abuse education, prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation; (F) provides assurances that the applicant will coordinate its efforts with appropriate State and local drug and alcohol abuse, health, and law enforcement agencies, in order to effectively conduct drug and alcohol abuse education, intervention, and referral for treatment and rehabilitation for the student population; (G) provide assurances that the Federal funds made available under this part shall be used to supplement and, to the extent practical, to increase the level of funds that would, in the absence of such Federal funds, be made available by the applicant for the purposes described in this part, and in no case supplant such funds; (H) provide assurances of compliance with the provisions of this part; (I) agree to keep such records and provide such information to the State educational agency as reasonably may be required for fiscal audit and program evaluation, consistent with the responsibilities of the State agency under this part; and (J) include such other information and assurances as the State educational agency reasonably determines to be necessary. PART 3—NATIONAL PROGRAMS 20 USC 4641.

SEC. 4131. GRANTS TO INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER EDUCATION.

(a)(1) From sums reserved by the Secretary under section 4112(a)(4) for the purposes of this section, the Secretary shall make grants to or enter into contracts with institutions of higher education or consortia of such institutions for drug abuse education and prevention programs under this section. (2) The Secretary shall make financial assistance available on a competitive basis under this section. An institution of higher education or consortium of such institutions which desires to receive a grant or enter into a contract under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time, in such manner, and containing or accompanied by such information as the Secretary may reasonably require in accordance with regulations. (3) The Secretary shall make every effort to ensure the equitable participation of private and public institutions of higher education (including community and junior colleges) and to ensure the equitable geographic participation of such institutions. In the award of grants and contracts under this section, the Secretary shall give appropriate consideration to colleges and universities of limited enrollment. (4) Not less than 50 percent of sums available for the purposes of this section shall be used to make grants under subsection (d). (b) Training grants shall be available for— (1) preservice and inservice training and instruction of teachers and other personnel in the field of drug abuse education and prevention in elementary and secondary schools; (2) summer institutes and workshops in instruction in the field of drug abuse education and prevention;

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'

(3) research and demonstration programs for teacher training and retraining in drug abuse education and prevention; (4) training programs for law enforcement officials, judicial officials, community leaders, parents, and government officials. (c) Grants shall be available for model demonstration programs to be coordinated with local elementary and secondary schools for the development and implementation of quality drug abuse education curricula. In the award of grants under this subsection, the Secretary shall give priority consideration to joint projects involving faculty of institutions of higher education and teachers in elementary and secondary schools in the practical application of the findings of educational research and evaluation and the integration of such research into drug abuse education and prevention programs. (d) Grants shall be available under this subsection to develop, implement, operate, and improve programs of drug abuse education and prevention (including rehabilitation referred) for students enrolled in institutions of higher education. (e) In making grants under paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (b), the Secretary shall encourage projects which provide for coordinated and collaborative efforts between State educational agencies, local educational agencies, and regional centers established under section 4135. SEC. 4132. FEDERAL ACTIVITIES.

20 USC 4642.

(a) From sums reserved by the Secretary under section 4112(a)(5), the Secretary shall carry out the purposes of this section. (b) The Secretary of Education in conjunction with the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall carry out Federal education and prevention activities on drug abuse. The Secretary shall coordinate such drug abuse education and prevention activities with other appropriate Federal activities related to drug abuse. The Secretary shall— (1) provide information on drug abuse education and prevention to the Secretary of Health and Human Services for dissemination by the clearinghouse for alcohol and drug abuse information established under section 509 of the Public Ante, p. Health Service Act (as amended by this Act); 3207-112. (2) facilitate the utilization of appropriate means of communicating to students at all educational levels about the dangers of drug use and alcohol abuse, especially involving the participating of entertainment personalities and athletes who are recognizable role models for many young people; (3) develop, publicize the availability of, and widely disseminate audio-visual and other curricular materials for drug abuse education and prevention programs in elementary and secondary schools throughout the Nation; (4) provide technical assistance to State, local, and intermediate education agencies and consortia in the selection and implementation of drug abuse education and prevention curricula, approaches, and programs to address most effectively the needs of the elementary and secondary schools served by such agencies; and (5) identify research and development priorities with regard to school-based drug abuse education and prevention, particularly age-appropriate programs focusing on kindergarten through grade 4.

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Ante, p. 3207-112. Contracts. Reports.

20 USC 4643. Grants.

PUBLIC LAW 99-570—OCT. 27, 1986

(c) From the funds available to carry out this section, the Secretary shall make available $500,000 to the Secretary of Health and Human Services for the clearinghouse established under section 509 of the Public Health Service Act (as amended by this Act). (d) The Secretary of Education in conjunction with the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall conduct, directly or by contract, a study of the nature and effectiveness of existing Federal, State, and local programs of drug abuse education and prevention and shall submit a report of the findings of such study to the President and to the appropriate committees of the Congress not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act. SEC. 4133. PROGRAMS FOR INDIAN YOUTH.

(a)(1) From the funds reserved pursuant to section 4112(a)(2), the Secretary shall make payments and grants and enter into other financial arrangements for Indian programs in accordance with this subsection. (2) The Secretary of Education shall enter into such financial arrangements as the Secretary determines will best carry out the purposes of this title to meet the needs of Indian children on reservations serviced by elementary and secondary schools operated for Indian children by the Department of the Interior, Such arrangements shall be made pursuant to an agreement between the Secretary of Education and the Secretary of the Interior containing such assurances and terms as they determine will best achieve the purposes of this title. (3) The Secretary of Education may, upon request of any Indian Contracts. tribe which is eligible to contract with the Secretary of the Interior for the administration of programs under the Indian Self-Deter25 USC 450 note. mination Act or under the Act of April 16, 1934, enter into grants or contracts with any tribal organization of any such Indian tribe to plan, conduct, and administer programs which are authorized and consistent with the purposes of this title (particularly programs for Indian children who are school dropouts), except that such grants or contracts shall be subject to the terms and conditions of section 102 of the Indian Self-Determination Act and shall be conducted in 25 USC 450f. accordance with sections 4, 5, and 6 of the Act of April 16, 1934, which are relevant to the programs administered under this paragraph. (4) Programs funded under this subsection shall be in addition to such other programs, services, and activities as are made available to eligible Indians under other provisions of this subtitle. (b)(1) Section 304 of the Indian Elementary and Secondary School Assistance Act (20 U.S.C. 241cc) is amended by— (A) striking out "and" at the end of paragraph (1); (B) striking out the period at the end of paragraph (2) and inserting in lieu thereof "; and"; and (C) adding at the end the following new paragraph: r I, "(3) the training of counselors at schools eligible for funding under this title in counseling techniques relevant to the treatment of alcohol and substance abuse.'. (2) Section 423 of the Indian Education Act (20 U.S.C. 3385b) is amended— (A) in subsection (a), by inserting "clinical psychology," after "medicine,"; and (B) by adding at the end of the section the following new subsection:

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"(e) Not more than 10 percent of the fellowships awarded under subsection (a) shall be awarded, on a priority basis, to persons receiving training in guidance counseling with a specialty in the area of alcohol and substance abuse counseling and education.", (3) Section 1121 of the Education Amendments of 1978 is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: "(i)(l) All schools funded by the Bureau of Indian Affairs shall include within their curriculum a program of instruction relating to alcohol and substance abuse prevention and treatment. The Assistant Secretary shall provide the technical assistance necessary to develop and implement such a program for students in kindergarten and grades 1 through 12, at the request of— "(A) any Bureau of Indian Affairs school (subject to the approval of the school board of such school); or "(B) any school board of a school operating under a contract entered into under the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450 et seq.). "(2) In schools operated directly by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Secretary shall, not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this subsection, provide for— "(A) accurate reporting of all incidents relating to alcohol and substance abuse; and "(B) individual student crisis intervention. "(3) The programs requested under paragraph (1) shall be developed in consultation with the Indian tribe that is to be served by such program and health personnel in the local community of such tribe. "(4) Schools requesting program assistance under this subsection are encouraged to involve family units and, where appropriate, tribal elders and Native healers in such instructions." (4) Section 1129 of the Educational Amendments of 1978 is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: "(e)(1) A financial plan under subsection (b) for a school may include, at the discretion of the local administrator and the school board of such school, a provision for a summer program of academic and support services for students of the school. Any such program may include activities related to the prevention of alcohol and substance abuse. The Assistant Secretary of Indian Affairs shall provide for the utilization of any such school facility during any summer in which such utilization is requested. "(2) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, funds authorized under the Act of April 16, 1934 (25 U.S.C. 452 et seq.) and the Indian Education Act may be used to augment the services provided in each summer program at the option, and under the control, of the tribe or Indian controlled school receiving such funds. "(3) The Assistant Secretary of Indian Affairs, acting through the Director of the Office of Indian Education Programs, shall provide technical assistance and coordination for any program described in paragraph (1) and shall, to the extent possible, encourage the coordination of such programs with any other summer programs that might benefit Indian youth, regardless of the funding source or administrative entity of any such program.". SEC. 4134. PROGRAMS FOR HAWAIIAN NATIVES. (a) From the funds reserved pursuant to section 4112(a)(3), the Secretary shall enter into contracts with organizations primarily serving and representing Hawaiian natives which are recognized by

25 USC 2001.

25 USC 2009.

20 USC 24laa note.

20 USC 4644. Contracts.

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'. * 20 USC 4645.

PUBLIC LAW 99-570—OCT. 27, 1986

the Governor of the State of Hawaii to plan, conduct, and administer programs, or portions thereof, which are authorized by and consistent with the provisions of this subtitle for the benefit of Hawaiian natives. (b) For the purposes of this section, the term "Hawaiian native" means any individual any of whose ancestors were natives, prior to 1778, of the area which now comprises the State of Hawaii. SEC. 4135. REGIONAL CENTERS.

The Secretary shall use the amounts made available to carry out this section for each fiscal year to maintain 5 regional centers to— (1) train school teams to assess the scope and nature of their drug abuse and alcohol abuse problems, mobilize the community to address such problems, design appropriate curricula, identify students at highest risk and refer them to appropriate treatment, and institutionalize long term effective drug and alcohol abuse programs, including long range technical assistance, evaluation, and followup on such training; (2) assist State educational agencies in coordinating and strengthening drug abuse and alcohol abuse education and prevention programs; (3) assist local educational agencies and institutions of higher education in developing appropriate pre-service and in-service training programs for educational personnel; and (4) evaluate and disseminate information on effective drug abuse and alcohol abuse education and prevention programs and strategies.

PART 4—GENERAL PROVISIONS 20 USC 4661.

20 USC 3875.

SEC. 4141. DEFINITIONS.

(a) Except as otherwise provided, the terms used in this subtitle shall have the meaning provided under section 595 of the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act of 1981. (b) For the purposes of this subtitle, the following terms have the following meanings: (1) The term "drug abuse education and prevention" means prevention, early intervention, rehabilitation referral, and education related to the abuse of alcohol and the use and abuse of controlled, illegal, addictive, or harmful substances. (2) The term "illicit drug use" means the use of illegal drugs and the abuse of other drugs and alcohol. (3) The term "Secretary ' means the Secretary of Education. (4) The term "school-age population" means the population aged five through seventeen (inclusive), as determined by the •J Secretary on the basis of the most recent satisfactory data available from the Department of Commerce. (5) The term "school dropout" means an individual aged five through eighteen who is not attending any school and who has not received a secondary school diploma or a certificate from a program of equivalencv for such a diploma. (6) The term "State' means a State, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Northern Marina Islands, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, or the Virgin Islands. (7) The terms "institution of higher education", "secondary school", and "nonprofit" have the meanings provided in section

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1001 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 in effect prior to October 1, 1981. (8) The term "consortium" (except in section 4131) means a consortium of local educational agencies or of one or more intermediate educational agencies and one or more local educational agencies. SEC. 4142. FUNCTIONS OF THE SECRETARY OF EDUCATION. (a) The Secretary shall be responsible for the administration of the programs authorized by this subtitle. Ob) Except as otherwise provided, the General Education Provisions Act shall apply to programs authorized by this subtitle. SEC. 4143. PARTICIPATION OF CHILDREN AND TEACHERS FROM PRIVATE NONPROFIT SCHOOLS. (a) To the extent consistent with the number of school-age children in the State or in the school attendance area of a local or intermediate educational agency or consortium receiving financial assistance under part 2 who are enrolled in private nonprofit elementary and secondary schools, such State, agency, or consortium shall, dfter consultation with appropriate private school representatives, make provision for including services and arrangements for the benefit of such children as will assure the equitable participation of such children in the purposes and benefits of this subtitle. O> To the extent consistent with the number of school-age chilt) dren in the State or in the school attendance area of a local or intermediate educational agency or consortium receiving financial assistance under part 2 who are enrolled in private nonprofit elementary and secondary schools, such State, State educational agency, or State agency for higher education shall, after consultation with appropriate private school representatives, make provision, for the benefit of such teachers in such schools, for such teacher training as will assure equitable participation of such teachers in the purposes and benefits of this subtitle. (c) If by reason of any provision of law a State, local, or intermediate educational agency or consortium is prohibited from providing for the participation of children or teachers from private nonprofit schools as required by subsections (a) and (b) or, if the Secretary determines that a State, local, or intermediate educational agency or consortium has substantially failed or is unwilling to provide for such participation on an equitable basis, the Secretary shall waive such requirements and shall arrange for the provision of services to such children or teachers which shall be subject to the requirements of this section. Such waivers shall be subject to consultation, withholding, notice, and judicial review requirements in accordance with paragraphs (3) and (4) of section 5570t)) of the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act of 1981. SEC. 4144. MATERIALS. Any materials produced or distributed with funds made available under this subtitle shall reflect the message that illicit drug use is wrong and harmful. The Secretary shall not review curricula and shall not promulgate regulations to carry out this subsection or subparagraph (1) or (4) of section 4125(a).

».•.,,. ^ . 20 USC 4662. j., 20 USC 1221. 20 USC 4663. State and local governments.

20 USC 3806. 20 USC 4664.

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Indian Alcohol

Subtitle C—Indians and Alaska Natives

and Substance Abuse Prevention and

SEC. 4201. SHORT TITLE.

Treatment Act of 25^USC 2401

This subtitle may be cited as the "Indian Alcohol and Substance Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act of 1986".

note.

PART I—GENERAL PROVISIONS 25 USC prec.

^

SEC. 4202. FINDINGS.

^

The Congress finds and declares that— (1) the Federal Government has a historical relationship and unique legal and moral responsibility to Indian tribes and their members, (2) included in this responsibility is the treaty, statutory, and historical obligation to assist the Indian tribes in meeting the health and social needs of their members, (3) alcoholism and alcohol and substance abuse is the most severe health and social problem facing Indian tribes and people today and nothing is more costly to Indian people than the consequences of alcohol and substance abuse measured in physical, mental, social, and economic terms, (4) alcohol and substance abuse is the leading generic risk factor among Indians, and Indians die from alcoholism at over 4 times the age-adjusted rates for the United States population and alcohol and substance misuse results in a rate of years of potential life lost nearly 5 times that of the United States, (5) 4 of the top 10 causes of death among Indians are alcohol and drug related injuries (18 percent of all deaths), chronic liver disease and cirrhosis (5 percent), suicide (3 percent), and homicide (3 percent), (6) primarily because deaths from unintentional injuries and violence occur disproportionately among young people, the agespecific death rate for Indians is approximately double the United States rate for the 15 to 45 age group, (7) Indians between the ages of 15 and 24 years of age are more than 2 times as likely to commit suicide as the general i- population and approximately 80 percent of those suicides are >' alcohol-related, (8) Indians between the ages of 15 and 24 years of age are twice as likely as the general population to die in automobile accidents, 75 percent of which are alcohol-related, (9) the Indian Health Service, which is charged with treatment and rehabilitation efforts, has directed only 1 percent of its budget for alcohol and substance abuse problems, (10) the Bureau of Indian Affairs, which has responsibility for programs in education, social services, law enforcement, and other areas, has assumed little responsibility for coordinating its various efforts to focus on the epidemic of alcohol and substance abuse among Indian people, (11) this lack of emphasis and priority continues despite the fact that Bureau of Indian Affairs and Indian Health Service officials publicly acknowledge that alcohol and substance abuse among Indians is the most serious health and social problem facing the Indian people, and (12) the Indian tribes have the primary responsibility for protecting and ensuring the well-being of their members and

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the resources made available under this subtitle will assist Indian tribes in meeting that responsibility. SEC. 4203. PURPOSE.

25 USC 2402.

It is the purpose of this subtitle to— (1) authorize and develop a comprehensive, coordinated attack upon the illegal narcotics traffic in Indian country and the deleterious impact of alcohol and substance abuse upon Indian tribes and their members, (2) provide needed direction and guidance to those Federal agencies responsible for Indian programs to identify and focus existing programs and resources, including those made available by this subtitle, upon this problem, (3) provide authority and opportunities for Indian tribes to develop and implement a coordinated program for the prevention and treatment of alcohol and substance abuse at the local level, and (4) to modify or supplement existing programs and authorities in the areas of education, family and social services, law enforcement and judicial services, and health services to further the purposes of this subtitle. SEC. 4204. DEFINITIONS.

For purposes of this subtitle— (1) The term "agency" means the local administrative entity of the Bureau of Indian Affairs serving one or more Indian tribes within a defined geographic area. (2) The term "youth' shall have the meaning given it in any particular Tribal Action Plan adopted pursuant to section 4205, except that, for purposes of statistical reporting under this subtitle, it shall mean a person who is 19 years or younger or who is in attendance at a secondary school. (3) The term "Indian tribe" means any Indian tribe, band, nation, or other organized group or community of Indians (including any Alaska Native village or regional or village corporation as defined in, or established pursuant to, the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.)) which is recognized as eligible for special programs and services provided by the United States to Indians because of their status as Indians. (4) The term "prevention and treatment" includes, as appropriate— (A) efforts to identify, and the identification of, Indians who are at risk with respect to, or who are abusers of, alcohol or controlled substances, (B) intervention into cases of on-going alcohol and substance abuse to halt a further progression of such abuse, (C) prevention through education and the provision of ' alternative activities, (D) treatment for alcohol and substance abusers to help abstain from, and alleviate the effects of, abuse, (E) rehabilitation to provide on-going assistance, either on an inpatient or outpatient basis, to help Indians reform or abstain from alcohol or substance abuse, (F) follow-up or after-care to provide the appropriate counseling and assistance on an outpatient basis, and (G) referral to other sources of assistance or resources.

25 USC 2403.

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25 USC 450 note.

PUBLIC LAW 99-570—OCT. 27, 1986

(5) The term "service unit" means an administrative entity within the Indian Health Service or a tribe or tribal organization operating health care programs or facilities with funds from the Indian Health Service under the Indian Self-Determination Act through which the services are provided, directly or by contract, to the eligible Indian population within a defined geographic area.

PART II—COORDINATION OF RESOURCES AND PROGRAMS 25 USC 2411.

SEC. 4205. INTER-DEPARTMENTAL MEMORANDUM OF AGREEMENT.

(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of this subtitle, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall develop and enter into a Memorandum of Agreement which shall, among other things— (1) determine and dejRne the scope of the problem of alcohol and substance abuse for Indian tribes and their members and its financial and human costs, and specifically identify such problems affecting Indian youth, (2) identify— (A) the resources and programs of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and Indian Health Service, and If* (B) other Federal, tribal, State and local, and private resources and programs, which would be relevant to a coordinated effort to combat alcohol and substance abuse among Indian people, including those programs and resources made available by this subtitle, (3) develop and establish appropriate minimum standards for each agency's program responsibilities under the Memorandum of Agreement which may be— (A) the existing Federal or State standards in effect, or (B) in the absence of such standards, new standards which will be developed and established in consultation with Indian tribes, (4) coordinate the Bureau of Indian Affairs and Indian Health Service alcohol and substance abuse programs existing on the date of the enactment of this subtitle with programs or efforts established by this subtitle, (5) delineate the responsibilities of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Indian Health Service to coordinate alcohol and substance abuse-related services at the central, area, agency, and service unit levels, (6) direct Bureau of Indian Affairs agency and education superintendents, where appropriate, and the Indian Health Service service unit directors to cooperate fully with tribal requests made pursuant to section 4206, and (7) provide for an annual review of such agreements by the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services. Oi)) CHARACTER OF ACTIVITIES.—To the extent that there are new activities undertaken pursuant to this subtitle, those activities shall supplement, not supplant, activities, programs, and local actions that are ongoing on the date of the enactment of this subtitle. Such activities shall be undertaken in the manner least disruptive to tribal control, in accordance with the Indian Self-Determination and

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Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 450 et seq.), and local control, in accordance with section 1130 of the Education Amendments of 1978 (25 U.S.C. 2010). (c) CONSULTATION.—The Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall, in developing the Memorandum of Agreement under subsection (a), consult with and solicit the comments of— (1) interested Indian tribes, (2) Indian individuals, (3) Indian organizations, and (4) professionals in the treatment of alcohol and substance Federal abuse.

Register,

(d) PUBLICATiON.—The Memorandum of Agreement under subsec- P"o"cation. tion (a) shall be submitted to Congress and published in the Federal Register not later than 130 days after the date of enactment of this subtitle. At the same time as publication in the Federal Register, the Secretary of the Interior shall provide a copy of this subtitle and the Memorandum of Agreement under subsection (a) to each Indian tribe. SEC. 4206. TRIBAL ACTION PLANS.

25 USC 2412.

(a) IN GENERAL.—The governing body of £my Indiein tribe may, at its discretion, adopt a resolution for the establishment of a Tribal Action Plan to coordinate available resources and programs, including programs and resources made available by this subtitle, in an effort to combat alcohol and substance abuse among its members. Such resolution shall be the basis for the implementation of this subtitle and of the Memorandum of Agreement under section 4205. (b) COOPERATION.—At the request of any Indian tribe pursuant to a resolution adopted under subsection (a), the Bureau of Indian Affairs agency and education superintendents, where appropriate, and the Indian Health Service service unit director providing services to such tribe shall cooperate with the tribe in the development of a Tribal Action Plan to coordinate resources and programs relevant to alcohol and substance abuse prevention and treatment. Upon the development of such a plan, such superintendents and director, as directed by the Memorandum of Agreement established under section 4205, shall enter into an agreement with the tribe for the implementation of the Tribal Action Plan under subsection (a). (c) PROVISIONS.—

(1) Any Tribal Action Plan entered into under subsection (b) shall provide for— (A) the establishment of a Tribal C!oordinating Committee which shall— (i) at a minimum, have as members a tribal representative who shall serve as Chairman and the Bureau of Indian Affairs agency and education superintendents, where appropriate, and the Indian Health Service service unit director, or their representatives, (ii) have primary responsibility for the implementation of the Tribal Action Plan, (iii) have the responsibility for on-going review and evaluation of, and the making of recommendations to the tribe relating to, the Tribal Action Plan, and (iv) have the responsibility for scheduling Federal, tribal or other personnel for training in the prevention

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and treatment of alcohol and substance abuse among Indians as provided under section 4228, and (B) the incorporation of the minimum standards for those programs and services which it encompasses which shall be— (i) the Federal or State standards as provided in section 4205(a)(3), or (ii) applicable tribal standards, if such standards are no less stringent than the Federal or State standards. (2) Any Tribal Action Plan may, among other things, provide for— (A) an assessment of the scope of the problem of alcohol and substance abuse for the Indian tribe which adopted the resolution for the Plan, (2) the identification and coordination of available resources and programs relevant to a program of alcohol and substance abuse prevention and treatment, (3) the establishment and prioritization of goals and the efforts needed to meet those goals, and (4) the identification of the community and family roles in any of the efforts undertaken as part of the Tribal Action Plan. (d) GRANTS.—(1) The Secretary of the Interior may make grants to Indian tribes adopting a resolution pursuant to subsection (a) to provide technical assistance in the development of a Tribal Action Plan. The Secretary shall allocate funds based on need. (2) There is authorized to be appropriated not to exceed $1,000,000 for each of the fiscal year 1987, 1988, and 1989 for grants under this subsection. (e) FEDERAL ACTION.—If any Indian tribe does not adopt a resolution as provided in subsection (a) within 90 days after the publication of the Memorandum of Agreement in the Federal Register as provided in section 4205, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall require the Bureau of Indian Affairs agency and education superintendents, where appropriate, and the Indian Health Service service unit director serving such tribe to enter into an agreement to identify and coordinate available programs and resources to carry out the purposes of this subtitle for such tribe. After such an agreement has been entered into for a tribe such tribe may adopt a resolution under subsection (a). 25 USC 2413.

SEC. 4207. DEPARTMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY.

(a) IMPLEMENTATION.—The Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and the Secretary of Health and Human Services, acting through the Indian Health Service, shall bear equal responsibility for the implementation of this subtitle in cooperation with Indian tribes. (b) OFFICE OF ALCOHOL AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE.—

-

5 USC 5331.

(1) In order to better coordinate the various programs of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in carrying out this subtitle, there is established within the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Indian Affairs an Office of Alcohol and Substance Abuse. The director of such office shall be appointed by the Assistant Secretary on a permanent basis at no less than a grade GS-15 of the General Schedule.

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(2) In addition to other responsibilities which may be assigned to such Office, it shall be responsible for— (A) monitoring the performance and compliance of programs of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in meeting the goals and purposes of this subtitle and the Memorandum of Agreement entered into under section 4205, and (B) serving as a point of contact within the Bureau of Indian Affairs for Indian tribes and the Tribal Coordinating Committees regarding the implementation of this subtitle, the Memorandum of Agreement, and any Tribal Action Plan established under section 4206. (c) INDIAN YOUTH PROGRAMS OFFICER.—

(1) There is established in the Office of Alcohol and Substance Abuse the position to be known as the Indian Youth Programs Officer. '' ^ (2) The position of Indian Youth Programs Officer shall be established on a permanent basis at no less than the grade of GS-14 of the General Schedule. 5 USC 5331. (3) In addition to other responsibilities which may be assigned ' to the Indian Youth Programs Officer relating to Indian Youth, such Officer shall be responsible for— (A) monitoring the performance and compliance of pro^ grams of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in meeting the goals and purposes of this subtitle and the Memorandum of Agreement entered into under section 4205 as they relate to Indian youth efforts, and (B) providing advice and recommendations, including recommendations submitted by Indian tribes and Tribal Coordinating Committees, to the Director of the Office of Alcohol and Substance Abuse as they relate to Indian youth. SEC. 4208. CONGRESSIONAL INTENT.

It is the intent of Congress that— (1) specific Federal laws, and administrative regulations promulgated thereunder, establishing programs of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Indian Health Service, and other Federal agencies, and (2) general Federal laws, including laws limiting augmentation of Federal appropriations or encouraging joint or cooperative funding, shall be liberally construed and administered to achieve the purposes of this subtitle. SEC. 4209. FEDERAL FACILITIES, PROPERTY, AND EQUIPMENT. (a) FACILITY AVAILABILITY.—In the furtherance of the purposes

and goals of this subtitle, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall make available for community use, to the extent permitted by law and as may be provided in a Tribal Action Plan, local Federal facilities, property, and equipment, including school facilities. Such facility availability shall include school facilities under the Secretary of the Interior's jurisdiction: Provided, That the use of any school facilities shall be conditioned upon approval of the local school board with jurisdiction over such school. OJ) COSTS.—Any additional cost associated with the use of Federal facilities, property, or equipment under subsection (a) may be borne

25 USC 2414.

 * - f«

25 USC 2415.

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 by the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services out of available Federal, tribal, State, local, or private funds, if not otherwise prohibited by law. This subsection does not require the Secretary of the Interior nor the Secretary of Health and Human Services to expend additional funds to meet the additional costs which may be associated with the provision of such facilities, property, or equipment for community use. Where the use of Federal facilities, property, or equipment under subsection (a) furthers the purposes and goals of this subtitle, the use of funds other than those funds appropriated to the Department of the Interior or the Department of Health and Human Services to meet the additional costs associated with such use shall not constitute an augmentation of Federal appropriations.

SEC. 4210. NEWSLETTER.

The Secretary of the Interior shall, not later than 120 days after the date of the enactment of this subtitle, publish an alcohol and substance abuse newsletter in cooperation with the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Secretary of Education to report on Indian alcohol and substance abuse projects and programs.

The newsletter shall—

(1) be published once in each calendar quarter,

(2) include reviews of programs determined by the Secretary of the Interior to be exemplary and provide sufficient information to enable interested persons to obtain further information about such programs, and

(3) be circulated without charge to—

(A) schools,

(B) tribal offices,

(C) Bureau of Indian Affairs' agency and area offices,

(D) Indian Health Service area and service unit offices,

(E) Indian Health Service alcohol programs, and

(F) other entities providing alcohol and substance abuse related services or resources to Indian people.

PART III—INDIAN YOUTH PROGRAMS

SEC. 4211. REVIEW OF PROGRAMS.

(a) Review.—In the development of the Memorandum of Agreement required by section 4205, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services, in cooperation with the Secretary of Education shall review and consider—

(1) Federal programs providing education services or benefits to Indian children,

(2) tribal. State, local, and private educational resources and programs,

(3) Federal programs providing family and social services and benefits for Indian families and children,

(4) Federal programs relating to youth employment, recreation, cultural, and community activities, and

(5) tribal. State, local, and private resources for programs similar to those cited in paragraphs (3) and (4), to determine their applicability and relevance in carrying out the purposes of this subtitle.

(b) Publication.—The results of the review conducted under subsection (a) shall be provided to each Indian tribe as soon as


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possible for their consideration and use in the development or modification of a Tribal Action Plan under section 4206. SEC. 4212. INDIAN EDUCATION PROGRAMS.

25 USC 2432.

(a) PILOT PROGRAMS.—The Assistant Secretary of Indian Affairs shall develop and implement pilot programs in selected schools funded by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (subject to the approval of the local school board or contract school board) to determine the effectiveness of summer youth programs in furthering the purposes and goals of the Indian Alcohol and Substance Abuse Prevention Act of 1986. The Assistant Secretary shall defray all costs associated with the actual operation and support of the pilot programs in the school from funds appropriated for this section. For the pilot programs there are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 1987, 1988, and 1989. (b) USE OF FUNDS.—Federal financial assistance made available to public or private schools because of the enrollment of Indian children pursuant to— (1) the Act of April 16, 1934, as amended by the Indian Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 452 et seq.), (2) the Indian Elementary and Secondary School Assistance Act (20 U.S.C. 241aa et seq.), and (3) the Indian Education Act (20 U.S.C. 3385), may be used to support a program of instruction relating to alcohol and substance abuse prevention and treatment. SEC. 4213. EMERGENCY SHELTERS.

25 USC 2433.

(a) IN GENERAL.—A Tribal Action Plan adopted pursuant to section 4206 may make such provisions as may be necessary and practical for the establishment, funding, licensing, and operation of emergency shelters or half-way houses for Indian youth who are alcohol or substance abusers, including youth who have been arrested for offenses directly or indirectly related to alcohol or substance abuse. (b) REFERRALS.—

(1) In any case where an Indian youth is arrested or detained by the Bureau of Indian Affairs or tribal law enforcement personnel for an offense relating to alcohol or substance abuse, other than for a status offense as defined by the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974, under cir- 42 USC 5601 cumstances where such youth may not be immediately restored note, to the custody of his parents or guardians and where there is space available in an appropriately licensed and supervised emergency shelter or half-way house, such youth shall be referred to such facility in lieu of incarceration in a secured facility unless such youth is deemed a danger to himself or to other persons. K. (2) In any case where there is a space available in an appropriately licensed and supervised emergency shelter or half-way house, the Bureau of Indian Affairs and tribal courts are encouraged to refer Indian youth convicted of offenses directly or indirectly related to alcohol and substance abuse to such '" facilities in lieu of sentencing to incarceration in a secured juvenile facility. (c) DIRECTION TO STATES.—In the case of any State that exercises criminal jurisdiction over any part of Indian country under section 1162 of title 18 of the United States Code or section 401 of the Act of

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PUBLIC LAW 9 9 - 5 7 0 - O C T. 27, 1986

April 11, 1968 (25 U.S.C. 1321), such State is urged to require its law enforcement officers to— (1) place any Indian youth arrested for any offense related to alcohol or substance abuse in a temporary emergency shelter described in subsection (d) or a community-based alcohol or f substance abuse treatment facility in lieu of incarceration to (2) observe the standards promulgated under subsection (d). (d) STANDARDS.—The Assistant Secretary of Indian Affairs shall, as part of the development of the Memorandum of Agreement set out in section 4205, promulgate standards by which the emergency shelters established under a program pursuant to subsection (a) shall be established and operated. (e) AUTHORIZATION.—For the planning and design, construction, and renovation of emergency shelters or half-way houses to provide emergency care for Indian youth, there is authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1987, 1988, and 1989. For the operation of emergency shelters or half-way houses there is authorized to be appropriated $3,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1987, 1988, and 1989. The Secretary of the Interior shall allocate funds appropriated pursuant to this subsection on the basis of priority of need of the various Indian tribes and such funds, when allocated, shall be subject to contracting pursuant to the Indian Self25 USC 450 note. Determination Act. -• 25 USC 2434.
 * the extent such facilities are available, and

..:

SEC. 4214. SOCIAL SERVICES REPORTS.

(a) DATA.—The Secretary of the Interior, with respect to the administration of any family or socied services program by the Bureau of Indian Affairs directly or through contracts under the Indian Self-Determination Act, shall require the compilation of data relating to the number and types of child abuse and neglect cases seen and the type of assistance provided. Additionally, such data should also be categorized to reflect those cases that involve, or appear to involve, alcohol and substance abuse, those cases which are recurring, and those cases which involve other minor siblings. 0?) REFERRAL OF DATA.—The data compiled pursuant to subsection (a) shall be provided annually to the affected Indian tribe and Tribal Coordinating Committee to assist them in developing or modifying a Tribal Action Plan and shall also be submitted to the Indian Health Service service unit director who will have responsibility for compiling a tribal comprehensive report as provided in section 4230. (c) CONFIDENTIALITY.—In carrying out the requirements of subsections (a) and (\>), the Secretary shall insure that the data is compiled and reported in a manner which will preserve the confidentiality of the families and individuals. >. v.

PART IV—LAW ENFORCEMENT AND JUDICIAL SERVICES ._,:,.,.,. _^_, 25 USC 2441.
 * . ^,w,,.^,:.,

SEC. 4215. REVIEW OF PROGRAMS. (a) LAW ENFORCEMENT AND JUDICIAL SERVICES.—In the develop-

ment of the Memorandum of Agreement required by section 4205, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services, in cooperation with the Attorney General of the United States, shall review and consider—

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(1) the various programs established by Federal law providing law enforcement or judicial services for Indian tribes, and (2) tribal and State and local law enforcement and judicial programs and systems to determine their applicability and relevance in carrying out the purposes of this subtitle. (b) DISSEMINATION OF REVIEW.—The results of the review conducted pursuant to subsection (a) shall be made available to every Indian tribe as soon as possible for their consideration and use in the development and modification of a Tribal Action Plan. SEC. 4216. ILLEGAL NARCOTICS TRAFFIC ON THE PAPAGO RESERVATION: SOURCE ERADICATION

25 USC 2442.

(a)(1) INVESTIGATION AND CONTROL.—The Secretary of the Interior shall provide assistance to the Papago Indian Tribe (Tohono O'odham) of Arizona for the investigation and control of illegal narcotics traffic on the Papago Reservation along the border with Mexico. The Secretary shall ensure that tribal efforts are coordinated with appropriate Federal law enforcement agencies, including the United States Customs Service. (2) AUTHORIZATIONS.—For the purpose of providing the assistance required by subsection (a), there is authorized to be appropriated $500,000 for each of the fiscal years 1987, 1988, and 1989. 03)(1) MARIJUANA ERADICATION.—The Secretary of the Interior, in cooperation with appropriate Federal, tribal, and State and local law enforcement agencies, shall establish and implement a program for the eradication of marijuana cultivation within Indian country as defined in section 1152 of title 18, United States Code. The Secretary shall establish a priority for the use of funds appropriated under subsection (b) for those Indian reservations where the scope of the problem is most critical, and such funds shall be available for contracting by Indian tribes pursuant to the Indian Self-Determination Act.

(2) AUTHORIZATIONS.—To carry out subsection (a), there is authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary for each of the fiscal years 1987, 1988, and 1989.

,, 25 USC 450 note.

H - > gt ^

PART V—BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS LAW ENFORCEMENT SEC. 4217. TRIBAL COURTS, SENTENCING AND FINES.

To enhance the ability of tribal governments to prevent and penalize the traffic of illegal narcotics on Indian reservations, paragraph (7) of section 202 of the Act of April 11, 1969 (25 U.S.C. 1302) is amended by striking out "for a term of six months and a fine of $500, or both" and inserting in lieu thereof "for a term of one year and a fine of $5,000, or both". SEC. 4218. BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS LAW ENFORCEMENT AND JUDICIAL TRAINING.

(a) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Interior shall ensure, through the establishment of a new training program or through the supplement of existing training programs, that all Bureau of Indian Affairs and tribal law enforcement and judicial personnel shall have available training in the investigation and prosecution of offenses relating to illegal narcotics and in alcohol and substance

25 USC 2451.

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abuse prevention and treatment. Any training provided to Bureau of Indian Affairs and tribal law enforcement and judicial personnel as provided in subsection (a) shall specifically include training in the problems of youth alcohol and substance abuse prevention and treatment. Such training shall be coordinated with the Indian Health Service in the carrying out of its responsibilities under section 4228. (b) AUTHORIZATION.—For the purpose of providing the training required by subsection (a), there are authorized to be appropriated $1,500,000 for each of the fiscal years 1987, 1988, and 1989. 25 USC 2452.

SEC. 4219. MEDICAL ASSESSMENT OP^FENDERS.

AND

TREATMENT OV JUVENILE

The Memorandum of Agreement entered into pursuant to section 4205 shall include a specific provision for the development and implementation at each Bureau of Indian Affair agency and Indian Health Service unit of a procedure for the emergency medical assessment and treatment of every Indian youth arrested or detained by Bureau of Indian Affairs or tribal law enforcement personnel for an offense relating to or involving alcohol or substance abuse. The medical assessment required by this subsection— (1) shall be conducted to determine the mental or physical state of the individual assessed so that appropriate steps can be taken to protect the individual's health and well-being, (2) shall occur as soon as possible after the arrest or detention of an Indian youth, and (3) shall be provided by the Indian Health Service, either through its direct or contract health service. . ,25 USC 2453.

SEC. 4220. JUVENILE DETENTION CENTERS.

42 USC 5601 note.

(a) PLAN.—The Secretary of the Interior shall construct or renovate and staff new or existing juvenile detention centers. The Secretary shall ensure that the construction and operation of the centers is consistent with the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974. (b) AUTHORIZATION.—For the purpose of subsection (a), there is authorized to be appropriated $10,000,000 for construction and renovation for each of the fiscal years 1987, 1988, and 1989, and $5,000,000 for staffing and operation for each of the fiscal years 1987, 1988, and 1989.

25 USC 2454. contracts. 42 USC 5601 note.

SEC. 4221. MODEL INDIAN JUVENILE CODE.

The Secretary of the Interior, either directly or by contract, shall provide for the development of a Model Indian Juvenile Code which shall be consistent with the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 and which shall include provisions relating to the disposition of cases involving Indian youth arrested or detained by Bureau of Indian Affairs or tribal law enforcement personnel for alcohol or drug related offenses. The development of such model code shall be accomplished in cooperation with Indian organizations having an expertise or knowledge in the field of law enforcement and judicial procedure and in consultation with Indian tribes. Upon completion of the Model Code, the Secretary shall make copies available to each Indian tribe.

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SEC. 4222. LAW ENFORCEMENT AND JUDICIAL REPORT.

25 USC 2455.

(a) COMPILATION OF LAW ENFORCEMENT DATA.—The Secretary of Contracts, the Interior, with respect to the administration of any law enforcement or judicial services program by the Bureau of Indian Affairs, either directly or through contracts under the Indian Self-Determination Act, shall require the compilation of data relating to calls 25 USC 450 note. and encounters, arrests and detentions, and disposition of cases by Bureau of Indian Affairs or tribal law enforcement or judicial personnel involving Indians where it is determined that alcohol or ' ' " ' "-"^ substance abuse is a contributing factor. (b) REFERRAL OF DATA.—The data compiled pursuant to subsection (a) shall be provided annually to the affected Indian tribe and Tribal Coordinating Committee to assist them in developing or modifying a Tribal Action Plan and shall also be submitted to the Indian Health Service unit director who will have the responsibility for compiling a tribal comprehensive report as provided in section 4230. (c) CONFIDENTIALITY.—In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall insure that the data is compiled and reported in a manner which will preserve the confidentiality of the families and individuals involved.

PART VI—INDIAN ALCOHOL AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT AND REHABILITATION SEC. 4224. REVIEW OF PROGRAMS.

25 USC 2471.

(a) IN GENERAL.—In the development of the Memorandum of Agreement required by section 4205, the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall review and consider— (1) the various programs established by Federal law providing health services and benefits to Indian tribes, including those relating to mental health and alcohol and substance abuse prevention and treatment, and (2) tribal. State and local, and private health resources and programs, (3) where facilities to provide such treatment are or should be located, and (4) the effectiveness of public and private alcohol and substance abuse treatment programs in operation on the date of the enactment of this subtitle, to determine their applicability and relevance in carrying out the purposes of this subtitle. 03) DISSEMINATION.—The results of the review conducted under subsection (a) shall be provided to every Indian tribe as soon as possible for their consideration and use in the development or modification of a Tribal Action Plan. SEC. 4225. INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE RESPONSIBILITIES.

The Memorandum of Agreement entered into pursuant to section 4205 shall include specific provisions pursuant to which the Indian Health Service shall assume responsibility for— (1) the determination of the scope of the problem of alcohol and substance abuse among Indian people, including the number of Indians within the jurisdiction of the Indian Health Service who are directly or indirectly affected by alcohol and substance abuse and the financial and human cost.

25 USC 2472.

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sjct;

(2) an assessment of the existing and needed resources necessary for the prevention of alcohol and substance abuse and the treatment of Indians affected by alcohol and substance abuse, and (3) an estimate of the funding necessary to adequately support a program of prevention of alcohol and substance abuse and treatment of Indians affected by alcohol and substance abuse.

in.

25 USC 2473.

V 25 USC 2474.

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SEC. 4226. INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE PROGRAM.

The Secretary of Health and Human Services, acting through the Indian Health Service, shall provide a program of comprehensive alcohol and substance abuse prevention and treatment which shall include— (1) prevention, through educational intervention, in Indian communities, (2) acute detoxification and treatment, ^ (3) community-based rehabilitation, and (4) community education and involvement, including extensive training of health care, educational, and community-based personnel. The target population of such a program shall be the members of Indian tribes. Additionally, efforts to train and educate key members of the Indian community shall target employees of health, education, judicial, law enforcement, legal, and social service programs. SEC. 4227. INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE YOUTH PROGRAM.

(a) DETOXIFICATION AND REHABILITATION.—The Secretary shall develop and implement a program for acute detoxification and treatment for Indian youth who are alcohol and substance abusers. The program shall include regional treatment centers designed to include detoxification and rehabilitation for both sexes on a referral basis. These regional centers shall be integrated with the intake and rehabilitation programs based in the referring Indian community. (b) CENTERS.—The Secretary shall construct or renovate a youth regional treatment center in each area under the jurisdiction of an Indian Health Service area office. For purposes of the preceding sentence, the area offices of the Indian Health Service in Tucson and Phoenix, Arizona, shall be considered one area office. The regional treatment centers shall be appropriately staffed with health professionals. There are authorized to be appropriated $6,000,000 for the construction and renovation of the regional youth treatment centers, and $3,000,000 for the staffing of such centers, for each of the fiscal years 1987, 1988, and 1989. (c) FEDERALLY OWNED STRUCTURES.—

-•" * ^

^

(1) The Secretary of Health and Human Services, acting through the Indian Health Service, shall, in consultation with Indian tribes— (A) identify and use, where appropriate, federally owned structures, suitable as local residential or regional alcohol and substance abuse treatment centers for Indian youth, and (B) establish guidelines for determining the suitability of any such federally owned structure to be used as a local residential or regional alcohol and substance abuse treatment center for Indian youth.

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(2) Any structure described in paragraph (1) may be used under such terms and conditions as may be agreed upon by the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the agency having responsibility for the structure. (3) There are authorized to be appropriated $3,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1987, 1988, and 1989. (d) REHABILITATION AND FOLLOW-UP SERVICES.—

(1) The Secretary, in cooperation with the Secretary of the Interior, shall develop and implement within each Indian Health Service service unit community-based rehabilitation and follow-up services for Indian youth who are alcohol or substance abusers which are designed to integrate long-term treatment and to monitor and support the Indian youth after their return to their home community. (2) Services under paragraph (1) shall be administered within each service unit by trained staff within the community who can assist the Indian youth in continuing development of selfimage, positive problem-solving skills, and nonalcohol or substance abusing behaviors. Such staff shall include alcohol and substance abuse counselors, mental health professionals, and other health professionals and paraprofessionals, including community health representatives. (3) For the purpose of providing the services authorized by paragraph (1), there are authorized to be appropriated $9,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 1987, 1988, and 1989. SEC. 4228. TRAINING AND COMMUNITY EDUCATION.

 * ^ai n

-::, ^^ ""•

25 USC 2475.

(a) COMMUNITY EDUCATION.—The Secretary, in cooperation with the Secretary of the Interior, shall develop and implement within each service unit a program of community education and involve,, ment which shall be designed to provide concise and timely information to the community leadership of each tribal community. Such program shall include education in alcohol and substance abuse to the critical core of each tribal community, including political leaders, tribal judges, law enforcement personnel, members of tribal health and education boards, and other critical parties. (b) TRAINING.—The Secretary of Health and Human Services Contracts, shall, either directly or through contract, provide instruction in the area of alcohol and substance abuse, including instruction in crisis intervention and family relations in the context of alcohol and substance abuse, youth alcohol and substance abuse, and the causes and effects of fetal alcohol syndrome to appropriate employees of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Indian Health Services, and personnel in schools or programs operated under any contract with the Bureau of Indian Affairs or the Indian Health Service, including supervisors of emergency shelters and half-way houses described in section 4213. (c)(1) DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM.—The Secretary of Health and Human Services shall establish at least one demonstration project to determine the most effective and cost-efficient means of— (A) providing health promotion and disease prevention services, (B) encouraging Indians to adopt good health habits, (C) reducing health risks to Indians, particularly the risks of heart disesise, cancer, stroke, diabetes, depression, and lifestylerelated accidents,

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(D) reducing medical expenses of Indians through health promotion and disease prevention activities, (E) establishing a program— (i) which trains Indians in the provision of health projt t motion and disease prevention services to members of their tribe, and Contracts. (ii) under which such Indians are available on a contract 3{{ basis to provide such services to other tribes, and (F) providing training and continuing education to employees of the service, and to paraprofessionals participating in the Community Health Representative Program, in the delivery of health promotion and disease prevention services. (2) The demonstration project described in paragraph (1) shall include an analysis of the cost effectiveness of organizational structures and of social and educational programs that may be useful in achieving the objectives described in paragraph (1). (3)(A) The demonstration project described in paragraph (1) shall be conducted in association with at least one— r (i) health profession school, (ii) allied health profession or nurse training institution, or (iii) public or private entity that provides health care. Contracts. (B) The Secretary is authorized to enter into contracts with, or Grants. make grants to, any school of medicine or school of osteopathy for the purpose of carrying out the demonstration project described in paragraph (1). .. -^-,-. (C) For purposes of this paragraph, the term "school of medicine" and "school of osteopathy" have the respective meaning given to such terms by section 701(4) of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 292a(4)). Reports. (4) The Secretary shall submit to Congress a final report on the demonstration project described in paragraph (1) within 60 days after the termination of such project. (5) For purposes of this paragraph, the term "health promotion" shall include: (A) reduction in the misuse of alcohol and drugs, , (B) cessation of tobacco smoking, •mim:im/j (C) improvement of nutrition, £ (D) improvement in physical fitness, B (E) family planning, and (F) control of stress. (6) For purposes of this paragraph, the term "disease prevention" shall include: (A) immunizations, (B) control of high blood pressure, 52 (C) control of sexually transmittable diseases, i"(D) prevention and control of diabetes, (E) pregnancy and infant care (including prevention of fetal fc alcohol syndrome), Tt>-(F) control of toxic agents, ,., ,, ^ (G) occupational safety and health, /, ', t' -vi*s (H) accident prevention, .,. V^^ ^^ " (I) fluoridation of water, and (J) control of infectious agents. (7) Section 4228 is amended by adding at the end the following: "Provided, That $500,000 shall be made available for activities described under section 4228(c)(l)".

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(d) AUTHORIZATION.—There are authorized to be appropriated $4,000,000 for the fiscal year 1987 and such sums as are necessary to carry out the purposes of this section for the fiscal years 1988 and 1989. SEC. 4229. NAVAJO ALCOHOL PROGRAM.

REHABILITATION

DEMONSTRATION

25 USC 2476.

(a) DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM.—The Secretary of Health and Grants. Human Services shall make grants to the Navajo tribe to establish a demonstration program in the city of Gallup, New Mexico, to rehabilitate adult Navajo Indians suffering from alcoholism or alcohol abuse. (b) EVALUATION AND REPORT.—The Secretary, acting through the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, shall evaluate the program established under subsection (a) and submit a report on such evaluation to the appropriate committees of Congress by January 1, 1990. (c) AUTHORIZATION.—There are authorized to be appropriated for the purposes of grants under subsection (a) $300,000 for each of the fiscal years 1988, 1989, and 1990. Not more than 10 percent of the funds appropriated for any fiscal year may be used for administrative purposes. SEC. 4230. INDIAN HEALTH SERVICE REPORTS.

25 USC 2477. Contracts.

(a) COMPILATION OF DATA.—The Secretary of Health and Human Services, with respect to the administration of any health program by an Indian Health Service service unit, directly or through contract, including a contract under the Indian Self-Determination Act, 25 USC 450 note. shall require the compilation of data relating to the number of cases or incidents which any of the Indian Health Service personnel or services were involved and which were related, either directly or indirectly, to alcohol or substance abuse. Such report shall include the type of assistance provided and the disposition of these cases. (b) REFERRAL OF DATA.—The data compiled under subsection {&f shall be provided annually to the affected Indian tribe and Tribal Coordinating Committee to assist them in developing or modifying a Tribal Action Plan. (c) COMPREHENSIVE REPORT.—Each Indian Health Service service unit director shall be responsible for assembling the data compiled under this section and section 4204 into an annual tribal comprehensive report which shall be provided to the affected tribe and to the Director of the Indian Health Service who shall develop and publish a biennial national report on such tribal comprehensive reports. Subtitle D—Miscellaneous Provisions SEC. 4301. ACTION GRANTS.

The Domestic Volunteer Service Act of 1973 (as amended by the Domestic Volunteer Service Act Amendments of 1986) is amended— (1) in title I by adding after section 123 the following new ' '"' section:

42 USC 4951 note. 42 USC 4950 note.

"SPECIAL INITIATIVES

"SEC. 124. The Director is authorized to engage in activities that mobilize and initiate private sector efforts to increase voluntarism in preventing drug abuse through public awareness and education (including grants, contracts, conferences, public service announce-

Voluntarism. 42 USC 4994.

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