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. About a third of the way south from Porto to Lisbon and about 40 km. in from the coast lies Bussaco, famous for its Carboniferous rocks and the abundant flora therein. This region was studied as long ago as 1850 by Carlos Ribeiro. Three years later a symposium on the sections and fossils of Bussaco appeared in the Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, and then in 1890 Wenceslau de Lima made a very complete study of the region, with the result that, after a careful identification of the flora, he was able to show that certain of the beds are Permic in age, belonging to the lower Rothliegende. During his investigations he found a single small eurypterid, the cephalon, body segments and telson intact, though all of the appendages are missing. The animal measures 32.5 mm. in length, has a large cephalon, a bulging body made up of seven somites and a long tail formed by the last seven segments. To this form he gave the name Eurypterus douvillei. Associated with this eurypterid are the plants Walchia piriformis and Sphenophyllum thoni. The beds in which these fossils are found are a series of shales, sandstones and conglomerates from the abundance of which de Lima argues that torrential conditions must have obtained at the end of the Carbonic and beginning of the Permic (149, 151). A glance at Koken's world map showing the relation of land to sea during the Permic will show that Bussaco was in position to receive very heavy torrential deposits, being near the coast of that time.

All of the data of the foregoing pages are summarized in the following series of tables. Table I is designed to show quickly in what horizons and country any species of eurypterid has been found. Table II, summarizing Table I, gives at a glance the numbers of species that are recorded from each horizon and from each country and also from each period. Table III gives in greater detail the localities in which remains have been found, but is particularly meant to give an accurate description of the mode of occurrence of every species, if the remains are fragmentary, to state how many fragments have been found, and if perfect to record with equal care the numbers found. Each table is complete in itself, but all three, on the other hand, should be used together since each one supplements the others.


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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text: Page:The Habitat of the Eurypterida.djvu/42


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was a wild and stormy winter's night. The thunder was tremendous and the lightning so vivid that the sky seemed on fire. A bitter blusterous wind whistled angrily, and raising clouds of dust swept over the country, causing the trees to creak and groan as it passed.

Pinocchio had a great fear of thunder, but hunger was stronger than fear. He therefore closed the house door and made a rush for the village, which he reached in a hundred bounds, with his tongue hanging out and panting for breath, like a dog after game.

But he found it all dark and deserted. The shops were closed, the windows shut, and there was not so much as a dog in the street. It seemed the land of the dead.


text:
Author:William Kirby Sullivan

Works

 * Notes on the Geology and Mineralogy of the Spanish Provinces of Santander and Madrid, with Joseph Patrick O'Reilly (1863)
 * Celtic Studies
 * Introduction to Manners and Customs of the Ancient Irish by author:Eugene O'Curry
 * Introduction to Manners and Customs of the Ancient Irish by author:Eugene O'Curry

title: Author:William Kirby Sullivan


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In order to facilitate the use of the preceding tables, I shall give here a synonymy which is not complete, but is intended only for the convenience of anyone looking for a species which has been revised, and which would not appear under the genus to which it was originally ascribed. Such a synonymy is particularly necessary for species described in foreign literature. Most of the revisions have been made by Clarke and Ruedemann for American and some European species, by H. Woodward for species in Great Britain, by Semper for those in Bohemia originally described by Barrande, and by numerous other writers who have revised only single species.


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 Pinocchio, urged by desperation and hunger, laid hold of the bell of a house and began to peal it with all his might, saying to himself:

'That will bring somebody.'

And so it did. A little old man appeared at a window with a nightcap on his head, and called to him angrily:

'What do you want at such an hour?'

'Would you be kind enough to give me a little bread?'

'Wait there, I will be back directly,' said the little old man, thinking he had to do with one of those rascally boys who amuse themselves at night by ringing the house bells to rouse respectable people who are sleeping quietly.

After half a minute the window was again opened, and the voice of the same little old man shouted to Pinocchio:

'Come underneath and hold out your cap.'

Pinocchio pulled off his cap; but just as he held it out an enormous basin of water was poured down on him, watering him from head to foot as if he had been a pot of dried-up geraniums.

He returned home like a wet chicken quite exhausted with fatigue and hunger; and having no longer strength to stand, he sat down and rested his damp and muddy feet on a brazier full of burning embers.


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 And then he fell asleep; and whilst he slept his feet, which were wooden, took fire, and little by little they burnt away and became cinders.

Pinocchio continued to sleep and to snore as if his feet belonged to some one else. At last about daybreak he awoke because some one was knocking at the door.

'Who is there?' he asked, yawning and rubbing his eyes.

'It is I!' answered a voice.

And the voice was Geppetto's voice.


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Pinocchio, whose eyes were still half shut from sleep, had not as yet discovered that his feet were burnt off. The moment, therefore, that he heard his father's voice he slipped off his stool to run and open the door; but after stumbling two or three times he fell his whole length on the floor.

And the noise he made in falling was as if a sack of wooden ladles had been thrown from a fifth story.


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 {| align="center" width="500px" style="font-size:smaller; line-height:100%"
 * - align="center" valign="top"
 * width="50%" | Original Name
 * width="50%" | Present Name or Status
 * - valign="top"
 * E. mansfieldi James Hall || Eurypterus (Anthraconectes) mansfieldi (C. E. Hall)
 * - valign="top"
 * E. (Arthropleura) mammatus Salter || Not a eurypterid
 * - valign="top"
 * E. maria (in part) Clarke || Pterygotus (Erettopterus) globiceps Clarke and Ruedemann
 * - valign="top"
 * E. megalops Clarke and Ruedemann || E. ruedemanni O'Connell
 * - valign="top"
 * E. megalops Salter || Stylonurus megalops (Salter)
 * - valign="top"
 * E. pennsylvanicus James Hall || Eurypterus (Anthraconectes) pennsylvanicus C. E. Hall
 * - valign="top"
 * E. obesus H. Woodward || Eusarcus obesus (H. Woodward)
 * - valign="top"
 * E. myops Clarke || Stylonurus myops Clarke
 * - valign="top"
 * Cf. E. potens James Hall || Eurypterus
 * - valign="top"
 * E. pugio Barrande || Doubtful determination, no standing
 * - valign="top"
 * E. punctatus H. Woodward || Eusarcus punctatus (Salt.)
 * - valign="top"
 * E. punctatus Salter || Eusarcus punctatus (Salt.)
 * - valign="top"
 * E. aff. punctatus Woodw. et acrocephalus Semper || Eusarcus punctatus (Salt.)
 * - valign="top"
 * E. remipes Logan || Eurypterus lacustris Harlan
 * - valign="top"
 * E. remipes Bronn and Roemer || Eurypterus lacustris Harlan
 * - valign="top"
 * E. scoticus Laurie || Eusarcus scoticus (Laurie)
 * - valign="top"
 * E. scouleri (?) Salter || Eurypterus hibernicus (Baily)
 * - valign="top"
 * E. simonsoni Schmidt || Eusarcus simonsoni (Schmidt)
 * - valign="top"
 * E. scorpioides H. Woodw. || Eusarcus scorpioides (H. Woodw.)
 * - valign="top"
 * E. stylus James Hall || Eurypterus (Anthraconectes) mansfieldi (C. E. Hall)
 * - valign="top"
 * E. symondsii Salter || Stylonurus symondsii (Salter)
 * - valign="top"
 * E. tetragonophthalmus Fischer || Eurypterus fischeri Eichwald
 * - valign="top"
 * Eurysoma newlini Claypole || Eusarcus newlini (Claypole)
 * - valign="top"
 * Eusarcus grandis Grote and Pitt || Eusarcus scorpionis Grote and Pitt
 * - valign="top"
 * E. scorpionis Pohlman 1881 || Eusarcus scorpionis G & P not E. scorpionis Pohlman 1886
 * - valign="top"
 * E. scorpionis Semper || Eusarcus scorpionis G & P
 * - valign="top"
 * E. scorpionis Seeman || Eusarcus scorpionis G & P
 * - valign="top"
 * Equisetides wrightiana Dawson || Stylonurus (?) wrightianus (Dawson)
 * - valign="top"
 * E. wrightiana Wright || Stylonurus (?) wrightianus (Dawson)
 * - valign="top"
 * Himantoperusa cuminatus Salter || Slimonia acuminata (Salter)
 * - valign="top"
 * H. acuminatus D. Page || Slimonia acuminata (Salter)
 * - valign="top"
 * H. bilobus Salter || Pterygotus bilobus var. inornatus (Salter)
 * - valign="top"
 * H. banksii Salter || Pterygotus (Erettopterus) banksii (Salter)
 * - valign="top"
 * H. lanceolatus Salter || Eurypterus lanceolatus (Salter)
 * - valign="top"
 * H. maximus Salter || Slimonia acuminata (Salter)
 * - valign="top"
 * H. perornatus Salter || Pterygotus bilobus var. perornatus Woodw.
 * - valign="top"
 * Pterygotus acuminatus Salter || Slimonia acuminata (Salter)
 * }


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 'Open the door!' shouted Geppetto from the street.

'Dear papa, I cannot,' answered the puppet, crying and rolling about on the ground.

'Why cannot you?'

'Because my feet have been eaten.'

'And who has eaten your feet?'

'The cat,' said Pinocchio, seeing the cat, who was amusing herself by making some shavings dance with her forepaws.

'Open the door, I tell you!' repeated Geppetto. 'If you don't, when I get into the house you shall have the cat from me!'

'I cannot stand up, believe me. Oh, poor me! poor me! I shall have to walk on my knees for the rest of my life! . . .'

Geppetto, believing that all this lamentation was only another of the puppet's tricks, thought of a means of putting an end to it, and climbing up the wall he got in at the window.

He was very angry, and at first he did nothing but scold; but when he saw his Pinocchio lying on the ground and really without feet he was quite overcome. He took him in his arms and began to kiss and caress him and to say a thousand endearing things to him, and as the big tears ran down his cheeks he said, sobbing:

'My little Pinocchio! how did you manage to burn your feet?'

'I don't know, papa, but believe me it


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From 1818 when the first Eurypterus was discovered in America by Dr. S. L. Mitchell until 1900, the order of the Eurypterida was held to be made up of marine organisms. This belief in the marine habitat of the oldest Arthropoda known suddenly became the centre of contention at the beginning of the present century in spite of its long period of security. As soon as geologists considered the possibility of origins other than marine for conglomerates, shales and even limestones, there arose discussion as to the nature of the beds in which eurypterids had been found and opinions were perceived to be divergent. It is of interest, then, to take up a systematic review of the literature for the last hundred years and to note what has been the general opinion of geologists and palaeontologists about the


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 has been an infernal night that I shall remember as long as I live. It thundered and lightened, and I was very hungry, and then the Talking-cricket said to me: "It serves you right; you have been wicked and you deserve it," and I said to him: "Take care, Cricket!" . . . and he said: "You are a puppet and you have a wooden head," and I threw the handle of a hammer at him, and he died, but the fault was his, for I didn't wish to kill him, and the proof of it is that I put an earthenware saucer on a brazier of burning embers, but a chicken flew out and said: "Adieu until we meet again, and many compliments to all at home": and I got still more hungry, for which reason that little old man in a nightcap opening the window said to me: "Come underneath and hold out your hat," and poured a basinful of water on my head, because asking for a little bread isn't a disgrace, is it? and I returned home at once, and because I was always very hungry I put my feet on the brazier to dry them, and then you returned, and I found they were burnt off, and I am always hungry, but I have no longer any feet! Ih! Ih! Ih! Ih! . . .' And poor Pinocchio began to cry and to roar so loudly that he was heard five miles off.

Geppetto, who from all this jumbled account had only understood one thing, which was that the puppet was dying of


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 hunger, drew from his pocket three pears, and giving them to him said:

'These three pears were intended for my breakfast; but I will give them to you willingly. Eat them, and I hope they will do you good.'

'If you wish me to eat them, be kind enough to peel them for me.'

'Peel them?' said Geppetto, astonished. 'I should never have thought, my boy that you were so dainty and fastidious. That is bad! In this world we should accustom ourselves from childhood to like and to eat everything, for there is no saying to what we may be brought. There are so many chances! . . .'

'You are no doubt right,' interrupted Pinocchio, 'but I will never eat fruit that has not been peeled. I cannot bear rind.'

So that good Geppetto fetched a knife, and arming himself with patience peeled the three pears, and put the rind on a corner of the table.

Having eaten the first pear in two mouthfuls, Pinocchio was about to throw away the core; but Geppetto caught hold of his arm and said to him:

'Do not throw it away; in this world everything may be of use.'

'But core I am determined I will not eat,' shouted the puppet, turning upon him like a viper.


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 'Who knows! there are so many chances! . . .' repeated Geppetto without losing his temper.

And so the three cores, instead of being thrown out of the window, were placed on the corner of the table together with the three rinds.

Having eaten, or rather having devoured the three pears, Pinocchio yawned tremendously, and then said in a fretful tone:

'I am as hungry as ever!'

'But, my boy, I have nothing more to give you!'

'Nothing, really nothing?'

'I have only the rind and the cores of the three pears.'

'One must have patience!' said Pinocchio; 'if there is nothing else I will eat a rind.'

And he began to chew it. At first he made a wry face; but then one after another he quickly disposed of the rinds: and after the rinds even the cores, and when he had eaten up everything he clapped his hands on his sides in his satisfaction, and said joyfully:

'Ah! now I feel comfortable.'

'You see now,' observed Geppetto, 'that I was right when I said to you that it did not do to accustom ourselves to be too particular or too dainty in our tastes. We can never know, my dear boy, what may happen to us. There are so many chances! . . .'


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sooner had the puppet appeased his hunger than he began to cry and to grumble because he wanted a pair of new feet.

But Geppetto, to punish him for his naughtiness, allowed him to cry and to despair for half the day. He then said to him:

'Why should I make you new feet? To enable you, perhaps, to escape again from home?'

'I promise you,' said the puppet, sobbing, 'that for the future I will be good.'


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 'All boys,' replied Geppetto, 'when they are bent upon obtaining something, say the same thing.'

'I promise you that I will go to school, and that I will study and earn a good character.'

'All boys, when they are bent on obtaining something, repeat the same story.'

'But I am not like other boys! I am better than all of them and I always speak the truth. I promise you, papa, that I will learn a trade, and that I will be the consolation and the staff of your old age.'

Geppetto, although he put on a severe face, had his eyes full of tears and his heart big with sorrow at seeing his poor Pinocchio in such a pitiable state. He did not say another word, but taking his tools and two small pieces of well-seasoned wood he set to work with great diligence.

In less than an hour the feet were finished: two little feet—swift, well-knit, and nervous. They might have been modelled by an artist of genius.

Geppetto then said to the puppet:

'Shut your eyes and go to sleep!'

And Pinocchio shut his eyes and pretended to be asleep.

And whilst he pretended to sleep, Geppetto, with a little glue which he had melted in an egg-shell, fastened his feet in their place, and it was so well done that not even a


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 trace could be seen of where they were joined.

No sooner had the puppet discovered that he had feet than he jumped down from the table on which he was lying, and began to spring and to cut a thousand capers about the room, as if he had gone mad with the greatness of his delight.

'To reward you for what you have done for me,' said Pinocchio to his father, 'I will go to school at once.'

'Good boy.'

'But to go to school I shall want some clothes.'

Geppetto, who was poor, and who had not so much as a farthing in his pocket, then made him a little dress of flowered paper, a pair of shoes from the bark of a tree, and a cap of the crumb of bread.

Pinocchio ran immediately to look at himself in a crock of water, and he was so pleased with his appearance that he said, strutting about like a peacock:

'I look quite like a gentleman!'

'Yes indeed,' answered Geppetto, 'for bear in mind that it is not fine clothes that make the gentleman, but rather clean clothes.'

'By the bye,' added the puppet, 'to go to school I am still in want—indeed I am without the best thing, and the most important.'

'And what is it?'


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 'I have no Spelling-book.'

'You are right: but what shall we do to get one?'

'It is quite easy. We have only to go to the bookseller's and buy it.'

'And the money?'

'I have got none.'

'No more have I,' added the good old man very sadly.

And Pinocchio, although he was a very merry boy, became sad also; because poverty when it is real poverty is understood by everybody—even by boys.

'Well, patience!' exclaimed Geppetto, all at once rising to his feet, and putting on his old fustian coat, all patched and darned, he ran out of the house.

He returned shortly, holding in his hand a Spelling-book for Pinocchio, but the old coat was gone. The poor man was in his shirt sleeves, and out of doors it was snowing.

'And the coat, papa?'

'I have sold it.'

'Why did you sell it?'

'Because I found it too hot.'

Pinocchio understood this answer in an instant, and unable to restrain the impulse of his good heart he sprang up, and throwing his arms round Geppetto's neck he began kissing him again and again.


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soon as it had done snowing Pinocchio set out for school with his fine Spelling-book under his arm. As he went along he began to imagine a thousand things in his little brain, and to build a thousand castles in the air, one more beautiful than the other.

And talking to himself he said:

'To-day at school I will learn to read at once; then to-morrow I will begin to write, and the day after to-morrow to cipher. Then with my acquirements I will earn a great deal of money, and with the first money I have in my pocket I will immediately buy for my papa a beautiful new cloth coat. But what am I saying? Cloth,


text: 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Allegory

title: 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Allegory


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 indeed! It shall be all made of gold and silver, and it shall have diamond buttons. That poor man really deserves it; for to buy me books and have me taught he has remained in his shirt sleeves. . . . And in this cold! It is only fathers who are capable of such sacrifices! . . .'

Whilst he was saying this with great emotion he thought that he heard music in the distance that sounded like fifes and the beating of a big drum: fi-fi-fi, fi-fi-fi, zum, zum, zum, zum.

He stopped and listened. The sounds came from the end of a cross street that took to a little village on the seashore.

'What can that music be? What a pity that I have to go to school, or else. . .'

And he remained irresolute. It was, however, necessary to come to a decision. Should he go to school? or should he go after the fifes?

'To-day I will go and hear the fifes, and to-morrow I will go to school,' finally decided the young scapegrace, shrugging his shoulders.

The more he ran the nearer came the sounds of the fifes and the beating of the big drum: fi-fi-fi, zum, zum, zum, zum.

At last he found himself in the middle of a square quite full of people, who were all crowding round a building made of wood and canvas, and painted a thousand colours.


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 are five." Then the father said to the eldest, "Fetch the eggs down without disturbing the bird which is sitting hatching them." The skilful thief climbed up, and took the five eggs from beneath the bird, which never observed what he was doing, and remained quietly sitting where she was, and brought them down to his father. The father took them, and put one of them on each corner of the table, and the fifth in the middle, and said to the huntsman, "With one shot thou shalt shoot me the five eggs in two, through the middle." The huntsman aimed, and shot the eggs, all five as the father had desired, and that at one shot. He certainly must have had some of the powder for shooting round corners. "Now it's your turn," said the father to the fourth son; "you shall sew the eggs together again, and the young birds that are inside them as well, and you must do it so that they are not hurt by the shot." The tailor brought his needle, and sewed them as his father wished. When he had done this the thief had to climb up the tree again, and carry them to the nest, and put them back again under the bird without her being aware of it. The bird sat her full time, and after a few days the young ones crept out, and they had a red line round their necks where they had been sewn together by the tailor.

"Well," said the old man to his sons, "I begin to think you are worth more than green clover; you have used your time well, and learnt something good. I can't say which of you deserves the most praise. That will be proved if you have but an early opportunity of using your talents." Not long after this, there was a great uproar in the country, for the King's daughter was carried off by a dragon. The King was full of trouble about it, both by day and night, and caused it to be proclaimed that whosoever brought her back should have her to wife. The four brothers said to each other, "This would be a fine opportunity for us to show what we can do!" and resolved to go forth together and liberate the King's daughter. "I will soon know where she is," said the astronomer, and looked through his telescope and said, "I see her already, she is far away from here on a rock in the sea, and the dragon is beside her watching her." Then he went to the


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 King, and asked for a ship for himself and his brothers, and sailed with them over the sea until they came to the rock. There the King's daughter was sitting, and the dragon was lying asleep on her lap. The huntsman said, "I dare not fire, I should kill the beautiful maiden at the same time." "Then I will try my art," said the thief, and he crept thither and stole her away from under the dragon, so quietly and dexterously, that the monster never remarked it, but went on snoring. Full of joy, they hurried off with her on board ship, and steered out into the open sea; but the dragon, who when he awoke had found no princess there, followed them, and came snorting angrily through the air. Just as he was circling above the ship, and about to descend on it, the huntsman shouldered his gun, and shot him to the heart. The monster fell down dead, but was so large and powerful that his fall shattered the whole ship. Fortunately, however, they laid hold of a couple of planks, and swam about the wide sea. Then again they were in great peril, but the tailor, who was not idle, took his wondrous needle, and with a few stitches sewed the planks together, and they seated themselves upon them, and collected together all the fragments of the vessel. Then he sewed these so skilfully together, that in a very short time the ship was once more seaworthy, and they could go home again in safety.

When the King once more saw his daughter, there were great rejoicings. He said to the four brothers, "One of you shall have her to wife, but which of you it is to be you must settle among yourselves." Then a warm contest arose among them, for each of them preferred his own claim. The astronomer said, "If I had not seen the princess, all your arts would have been useless, so she is mine." The thief said, "What would have been the use of your seeing, if I had not got her away from the dragon? so she is mine." The huntsman said, "You and the princess, and all of you, would have been torn to pieces by the dragon if my ball had not hit him, so she is mine." The tailor said, "And if I, by my art, had not sewn the ship together again, you would all of you have been miserably drowned, so she is mine." Then


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132.] yes, if Father Hollenthe, Mother Malcho, Sister Käsetraut, and fair Katrinelje are willing, you can have her." "Where is Sister Käsetraut, then?" "She is in the garden cutting cabbages." "Good-day, Sister Käsetraut." "Many thanks, Pif-paf-poltrie." "May I be allowed to have your sister?" "Oh, yes, if Father Hollenthe, Mother Malcho, Brother High-and-Mighty, and fair Katrinelje are willing, you may have her." "Where is fair Katrinelje, then?" "She is in the room counting out her farthings." "Good day, fair Katrinelje." "Many thanks, Pif-paf-poltrie." "Wilt thou be my bride?" "Oh, yes, if Father Hollenthe, Mother Malcho, Brother High-and-Mighty, and Sister Kasetraut are willing, I am ready."

"Fair Katrinelje, how much dowry hast thou?" "Fourteen farthings in ready money, three and a half groschen owing" to me, half a pound of dried apples, a handful of fried bread, and a handful of spices.

"Pif-paf-poltrie, what is thy trade? Art thou a tailor?" "Something better." "A shoemaker?" "Something better." "A husbandman?" "Something better." "A joiner?" . "Something better." "A smith?" "Something better." "A miller?" "Something better." " Perhaps a broom-maker? " "Yes, that's what I am, is it not a fine trade?"

132.—THE FOX AND THE HORSE.

had a faithful horse which had grown old and could do no more work, so his master would no longer give him anything to eat and said, "I can certainly make no more use of thee, but still I mean well by thee; if thou provest thyself still strong enough to bring me a lion here, I will maintain thee, but now take thyself away out of my stable," and with that he chased him into the open


text:
Author:Henry Beckles Willson

Works

 * (over 2 issues).

title: Author:Henry Beckles Willson


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 country. The horse was sad, and went to the forest to seek a little protection there from the weather. Then the fox met him and said, "Why dost thou hang thy head so, and go about all alone?" "Alas," replied the horse, "avarice and fidelity do not dwell together in one house. My master has forgotten what services I have performed for him for so many years, and because I can no longer plough well, he will give me no more food, and has driven me out." "Without giving thee a chance?" asked the fox. "The chance was a bad one. He said, if I were still strong enough to bring him a lion, he would keep me, but he well knows that I cannot do that." The fox said, "I will help thee, just lay thyself down, stretch thyself out, as if thou wert dead, and do not stir." The horse did as the fox desired, and the fox went to the lion, who had his den not far off, and said, "A dead horse is lying outside there, just come with me, thou canst have a rich meal." The lion went with him, and when they were both standing by the horse the fox said, "After all it is not very comfortable for thee here—I tell thee what—I will fasten it to thee by the tail, and then thou canst drag it into thy cave, and devour it in peace."

This advice pleased the lion: he lay down, and in order that the fox might tie the horse fast to him, he kept quite quiet. But the fox tied the lion's legs together with the horse's tail, and twisted and fastened all so well and so strongly that no strength could break it. When he had finished his work, he tapped the horse on the shoulder and said, "Pull, white horse, pull." Then up sprang the horse at once, and drew the lion away with him. The lion began to roar so that all the birds in the forest flew out in terror, but the horse let him roar, and drew him and dragged him over the country to his master's door. When the master saw the lion, he was of a better mind, and said to the horse, "Thou shalt stay with me and fare well," and he gave him plenty to eat until he died.


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107.] 136.—IRON JOHN.

was once on a time a King who had a great forest near his palace, full of all kinds of wild animals. One day he sent out a huntsman to shoot him a roe, but he did not come back. "Perhaps some accident has befallen him," said the King, and the next day he sent out two more huntsmen who were to search for him, but they too stayed away. Then on the third day, he sent for all his huntsmen, and said, "Scour the whole forest through, and do not give up until ye have found all three." But of these also, none came home again, and of the pack of hounds which they had taken with them, none were seen more. From that time forth, no one would any longer venture into the forest, and it lay there in deep stillness and solitude, and nothing was seen of it, but sometimes an eagle or a hawk flying over it. This lasted for many years, when a strange huntsman announced himself to the King as seeking a situation, and offered to go into the dangerous forest. The King, however, would not give his consent, and said, "It is not safe in there; I fear it would fare with thee no better than with the others, and thou wouldst never come out again." The huntsman replied, "Lord, I will venture it at my own risk, of fear I know nothing."

The huntsman therefore betook himself with his dog to the forest. It was not long before the dog fell in with some game on the way, and wanted to pursue it; but hardly had the dog run two steps when it stood before a deep pool, could go no farther, and a naked arm stretched itself out of the water, seized it, and drew it under, When the huntsman saw that, he went back and fetched three men to come with buckets and bale out the water. When they could see to the bottom there lay a wild man whose body was brown like rusty iron, and whose hair hung over his face down to his knees. They bound him with cords, and led him away to the castle. There was great astonishment over the wild man; the King, however, had him put in an iron cage in his court-yard, and forbade the door to be opened on pain of death, and the Queen herself was to take the key into her keeping. And from


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 this time forth every one could again go into the forest with safety.

The King had a son of eight years, who was once playing in the court-yard, and while he was playing, his golden ball fell into the cage. The boy ran thither and said, "Give me my ball out." "Not till thou hast opened the door for me," answered the man. "No," said the boy, "I will not do that; the King has forbidden it," and ran away. The next day he again went and asked for his ball; the wild man said, "Open my door," but the boy would not. On the third day the King had ridden out hunting, and the boy went once more and said, "I cannot open the door even if I wished, for I have not the key." Then the wild man said, "It lies under thy mother's pillow, thou canst get it there." The boy, who wanted to have his ball back, cast all thought to the winds, and brought the key. The door opened with difficulty, and the boy pinched his fingers. When it was open the wild man stepped out, gave him the golden ball, and hurried away. The boy had become afraid; he called and cried after him, "Oh, wild man, do not go away, or I shall be beaten!" The wild man turned back, took him up, set him on his shoulder, and went with hasty steps into the forest. When the King came home, he observed the empty cage, and asked the Queen how that had happened? She knew nothing about it, and sought the key, but it was gone. She called the boy, but no one answered. The King sent out people to seek for him in the fields, but they did not find him. Then he could easily guess what had happened, and much grief reigned in the royal court.

When the wild man had once more reached the dark forest, he took the boy down from his shoulder, and said to him, "Thou wilt never see thy father and mother again, but I will keep thee with me, for thou hast set me free, and I have compassion on thee. If thou dost all I bid thee, thou shalt fare well. Of treasure and gold have I enough, and more than any one in the world." He made a bed of moss for the boy on which he slept, and the next morning the man took him to a well, and said, " Behold, the gold well is as bright and clear as crystal, thou shalt sit


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 beside it, and take care that nothing falls into it, or it will be polluted. I will come every evening to see if thou hast obeyed my order." The boy placed himself by the margin of the well, and often saw a golden fish or a golden snake show itself therein, and took care that nothing fell in. As he was thus sitting, his finger hurt him so violently that he involuntarily put it in the water. He drew it quickly out again, but saw that it was quite gilded, and whatsoever pains he took to wash the gold off again, all was to no purpose. In the evening Iron John came back, looked at the boy, and said, "What has happened to the well?" "Nothing, nothing," he answered, and held his finger behind his back, that the man might not see it. But he said, "Thou hast dipped thy finger into the water, this time it may pass, but take care thou dost not again let anything go in." By daybreak the boy was already sitting by the well and watching it. His finger hurt him again and he passed it over his head, and then unhappily a hair fell down into the well. He took it quickly out, but it was already quite gilded. Iron John came, and already knew what had happened. "Thou hast let a hair fall into the well," said he. "I will allow thee to watch by it once more, but if this happens for the third time then the well is polluted, and thou canst no longer remain with me."

On the third day, the boy sat by the well, and did not stir his finger, however much it hurt him. But the time was long to him, and he looked at the reflection of his face on the surface of the water. And as he still bent down more and more while he was doing so, and trying to look straight into the eyes, his long hair fell down from his shoulders into the water. He raised himself up quickly, but the whole of the hair of his head was already golden and shone like the sun. You may imagine how terrified the poor boy was! He took his pocket-handkerchief and tied it round his head, in order that the man might not see it. When he came he already knew everything, and said, "Take the handkerchief off." Then the golden hair streamed forth, and let the boy excuse himself as he might, it was of no use. "Thou hast not stood the trial, and canst stay here no longer. Go forth into the


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 world, there thou wilt learn what poverty is. But as thou hast not a bad heart, and as I mean well by thee, there is one thing I will grant thee; if thou fallest into any difficulty, come to the forest and cry, "Iron John," and then I will come and help thee. My power is great, greater than thou thinkest, and I have gold and silver in abundance."

Then the King's son left the forest, and walked by beaten and unbeaten paths ever onwards until at length he reached a great city. There he looked for work, but could find none, and he had learnt nothing by which he could help himself. At length he went to the palace, and asked if they would take him in. The people about court did not at all know what use they could make of him, but they liked him, and told him to stay. At length the cook took him into his service, and said he might carry wood and water, and rake the cinders together. Once when it so happened that no one else was at hand, the cook ordered him to carry the food to the royal table, but as he did not like to let his golden hair be seen, he kept his little cap on. Such a thing as that had never yet come under the King's notice, and he said, "When thou comest to the royal table thou must take thy hat off." He answered, "Ah, Lord, I cannot; I have a bad sore place on my head." Then the King had the cook called before him and scolded him, and asked how he could take such a boy as that into his service; and that he was to turn him off at once. The cook, however, had pity on him, and exchanged him for the gardener's boy.

And now the boy had to plant and water the garden, hoe and dig, and bear the wind and bad weather. Once in summer when he was working alone in the garden, the day was so warm he took his little cap off that the air might cool him. As the sun shone on his hair it glittered and flashed so that the rays fell into the bed-room of the King's daughter, and up she sprang to see what that could be. Then she saw the boy, and cried to him, "Boy, bring me a wreath of flowers." He put his cap on with all haste, and gathered wild field-flowers and bound them together. When he was ascending the stairs with them, the gardener met him, and said, "How canst thou


text:
United Nations Security Council Resolution 817

RESOLUTION 817 (1993)

Adopted by the Security Council at its 3196th meeting, on 7 April 1993

The Security Council,

Having examined the application for admission to the United Nations in document S/25147,

Noting that the applicant fulfils the criteria for membership in the United Nations laid down in Article 4 of the Charter,

Noting however that a difference has arisen over the name of the State, which needs to be resolved in the interest of the maintenance of peaceful and good-neighbourly relations in the region,

Welcoming the readiness of the Co-Chairmen of the Steering Committee of the International Conference on the Former Yugoslavia, at the request of the Secretary-General, to use their good offices to settle the above-mentioned difference, and to promote confidence-building measures among the parties,

Taking note of the contents of the letters contained in documents S/25541, S/25542 and S/25543 received from the parties,

 * 1) Urges the parties to continue to cooperate with the Co-Chairmen of the Steering Committee of the International Conference on the Former Yugoslavia in order to arrive at a speedy settlement of their difference;
 * 2) Recommends to the General Assembly that the State whose application is contained in document S/25147 be admitted to membership in the United Nations, this State being provisionally referred to for all purposes within the United Nations as "the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" pending settlement of the difference that has arisen over the name of the State;
 * 3) Requests the Secretary-General to report to the Council on the outcome of the initiative taken by the Co-Chairmen of the Steering Committee of the International Conference on the Former Yugoslavia.


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 take the King's daughter a garland of such common flowers? Go quickly, and get another, and seek out the prettiest and rarest." "Oh, no," replied the boy, "the wild ones have more scent, and will please her better." When he got into the room, the King's daughter said, "Take thy cap off, it is not seemly to keep it on in my presence." He again said, "I may not, I have a sore head." She, however, caught at his cap and pulled it off, and then his golden hair rolled down on his shoulders, and it was splendid to behold. He wanted to run out, but she held him by the arm, and gave him a handful of ducats. With these he departed, but he cared nothing for the gold pieces. He took them to the gardener, and said, "I present them to thy children, they can play with them." The following day the King's daughter again called to him that he was to bring her a wreath of field-flowers, and when he went in with it, she instantly snatched at his cap, and wanted to take it away from him, but he held it fast with both hands. She again gave him a handful of ducats, but he would not keep them, and gave them to the gardener for playthings for his children. On the third day things went just the same; she could not get his cap away from him, and he would not have her money.

Not long afterwards, the country was overrun by war. The King gathered together his people, and did not know whether or not he could offer any opposition to the enemy, who was superior in strength and had a mighty army. Then said the gardener's boy, "I am grown up, and will go to the wars also, only give me a horse." The others laughed, and said, "Seek one for thyself when we are gone, we will leave one behind us in the stable for thee." When they had gone forth, he went into the stable, and got the horse out; it was lame of one foot, and limped hobblety jig, hobblety jig; nevertheless he mounted it, and rode away to the dark forest. When he came to the outskirts, he called "Iron John" three times so loudly that it echoed through the trees. Thereupon the wild man appeared immediately, and said, "What dost thou desire?" "I want a strong steed, for I am going to the wars." "That thou shalt have, and still more than thou askest for."


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 Then the wild man went back into the forest, and it was not long before a stable-boy came out of it, who led a horse that snorted with its nostrils, and could hardly be restrained, and behind them followed a great troop of soldiers entirely equipped in iron, and their swords flashed in the sun. The youth made over his three-legged horse to the stable-boy, mounted the other, and rode at the head of the soldiers. When he got near the battle-field a great part of the King's men had already fallen, and little was wanting to make the rest give way. Then the youth galloped thither with his iron soldiers, broke like a hurricane over the enemy, and beat down all who opposed him. They began to fly, but the youth pursued, and never stopped, until there was not a single man left. Instead, however, of returning to the King, he conducted his troop by bye-ways back to the forest, and called forth Iron John. "What dost thou desire?" asked the wild man. "Take back thy horse and thy troops, and give me my three-legged horse again." All that he asked was done, and soon he was riding on his three-legged horse. When the King returned to his palace, his daughter went to meet him, and wished him joy of his victory. "I am not the one who carried away the victory," said he, "but a stranger knight who came to my assistance with his soldiers." The daughter wanted to hear who the strange knight was, but the King did not know, and said, "He followed the enemy, and I did not see him again." She inquired of the gardener where his boy was, but he smiled, and said, "He has just come home on his three-legged horse, and the others have been mocking him, and crying, "Here comes our hobblety jig back again!" They asked, too, "Under what hedge hast thou been lying sleeping all the time?" He, however, said, "I did the best of all, and it would have gone badly without me." And then he was still more ridiculed."

The King said to his daughter, "I will proclaim a great feast that shall last for three days, and thou shalt throw a golden apple. Perhaps the unknown will come to it." When the feast was announced, the youth went out to the forest, and called Iron John. "What dost thou desire?" asked he. "That I may catch the King's


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 daughter's golden apple." "It is as safe as if thou hadst it already," said Iron John. "Thou shalt likewise have a suit of red armour for the occasion, and ride on a spirited chestnut-horse." When the day came, the youth galloped to the spot, took his place amongst the knights, and was recognized by no one. The King's daughter came forward, and threw a golden apple to the knights, but none of them caught it but he, only as soon as he had it he galloped away.

On the second day Iron John equipped him as a white knight, and gave him a white horse. Again he was the only one who caught the apple, and he did not linger an instant, but galloped off with it. The King grew angry, and said, "That is not allowed; he must appear before me and tell his name." He gave the order that if the knight who caught the apple, should go away again they should pursue him, and if he would not come back willingly, they were to cut him down and stab him.

On the third day, he received from Iron John a suit of black armour and a black horse, and again he caught the apple. But when he was riding off with it, the King's attendants pursued him, and one of them got so near him that he wounded the youth's leg with the point of his sword. The youth nevertheless escaped from them, but his horse leapt so violently that the helmet fell from the youth's head, and they could see that he had golden hair. They rode back and announced this to the King.

The following day the King's daughter asked the gardener about his boy. "He is at work in the garden; the queer creature has been at the festival too, and only came home yesterday evening; he has likewise shown my children three golden apples which he has won."

The King had him summoned into his presence, and he came and again had his little cap on his head. But the King's daughter went up to him and took it off, and then his golden hair fell down over his shoulders, and he was so handsome that all were amazed. "Art thou the knight who came every day to the festival, always in different colours, and who caught the three golden apples?" asked the King. "Yes," answered he, "and here the apples are," and he took them out of his pocket, and


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 returned them to the King. "If you desire further proof, you may see the wound which your people gave me when they followed me. But I am likewise the knight who helped you to your victory over your enemies." "If thou canst perform such deeds as that, thou art no gardener's boy; tell me, who is thy father?" "My father is a mighty King, and gold have I in plenty as great as I require." "I well see," said the King, "that I owe thanks to thee; can I do anything to please thee?" "Yes," answered he, "that indeed you can. Give me your daughter to wife." The maiden laughed, and said, "He does not stand much on ceremony, but I have already seen by his golden hair that he was no gardener's boy," and then she went and kissed him. His father and mother came to the wedding, and were in great delight, for they had given up all hope of ever seeing their dear son again. And as they were sitting at the marriage-feast, the music suddenly stopped, the doors opened, and a stately King came in with a great retinue. He went up to the youth, embraced him and said, "I am Iron John, and was by enchantment a wild man, but thou hast set me free; all the treasures which I possess, shall be thy property."

137.—THE THREE BLACK PRINCESSES.

was besieged by an enemy who would not retire until he had received six hundred dollars. Then the townsfolk caused it to be proclaimed by beat of drum that whosoever was able to procure the money should be burgomaster. Now there was a poor fisherman who fished on the lake with his son, and the enemy came and took the son prisoner, and gave the father six hundred dollars for him. So the father went and gave


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 them to the great men of the town, and the enemy departed, and the fisherman became burgomaster. Then it was proclaimed that whosoever did not say, "Mr. Burgomaster," should be put to death on the gallows.

The son got away again from the enemy, and came to a great forest on a high mountain. The mountain opened, and he went into a great enchanted castle, wherein chairs, tables, and benches were all hung with black. Then came three young princesses who were entirely dressed in black, but had a little white on their faces; they told him he was not to be afraid, they would not hurt him, and that he could deliver them. He said he would gladly do that, if he did but know how. On this, they told him he must for a whole year not speak to them and also not look at them, and what he wanted to have he was just to ask for, and if they dared give him an answer they would do so. When he had been there for a long while he said he should like to go to his father, and they told him he might go. He was to take with him this purse with money, put on this coat, and in a week he must be back there again.

Then he was caught up, and was instantly in East India. He could no longer find his father in the fisherman's hut, and asked the people where the poor fisherman could be, and they told him he must not say that, or he would come to the gallows. Then he went to his father and said, "Fisherman, how hast thou got here?" Then the father said, "Thou must not say that, if the great men of the town knew of that, thou wouldst come to the gallows." He, however, would not stop, and was brought to the gallows. When he was there, he said, "O, my masters, just give me leave to go to the old fisherman's hut." Then he put on his old smock-frock, and came back to the great men, and said, "Do ye not now see? Am I not the son of the poor fisherman? Did I not earn bread for my father and mother in this dress?" Hereupon his father knew him again, and begged his pardon, and took him home with him, and then he related all that had happened to him, and how he had got into a forest on a high mountain, and the mountain had opened and he had gone into an enchanted castle, where all was black,


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 and three young princesses had come to him who were black except a little white on their faces. And they had told him not to fear, and that he could deliver them. Then his mother said that might very likely not be a good thing to do, and that he ought to take a holy-water vessel with him, and drop some boiling water on their faces.

He went back again, and he was in great fear, and he dropped the water on their faces as they were sleeping, and they all turned half-white. Then all the three princesses sprang up, and said, "Thou accursed dog, our blood shall cry for vengeance on thee! Now there is no man born in the world, nor will any ever be born who can set us free! We have still three brothers who are bound by seven chains—they shall tear thee to pieces." Then there was a loud shrieking all over the castle, and he sprang out of the window, and broke his leg, and the castle sank into the earth again, the mountain shut to again, and no one knew where the castle had stood.

138.—KNOIST AND HIS THREE SONS.

Werrel and Soist there lived a man whose name was Knoist, and he had three sons. One was blind, the other lame, and the third stark-naked. Once on a time they went into a field, and there they saw a hare. The blind one shot it, the lame one caught it, the naked one put it in his pocket. Then they came to a mighty big lake, on which there were three boats, one sailed, one sank, the third had no bottom to it. They all three got into the one with no bottom to it. Then they came to a mighty big forest in which there was a mighty big tree; in the tree was a mighty big chapel—in the chapel was a sexton made of beech-wood and a box-wood parson, who dealt out holy-water with cudgels.


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Translation:Mishnah/Seder Nezikin/Tractate Bava Metzia/Chapter 4/1

Hebrew Text
הזהב קונה את הכסף, והכסף אינו קונה את הזהב; הנחושת קונה את הכסף, והכסף אינו קונה את הנחושת. מעות הרעות קונות את היפות, והיפות אינן קונות את הרעות; אסימון קונה את המטבע, והמטבע אינו קונה את אסימון. המיטלטלין קונין את המטבע, והמטבע אינו קונה את המיטלטלין. זה הכלל: כל המיטלטלין קונין זה את זה.

English Translation

Gold acquires silver, but silver does not acquire gold; Copper acquires silver, but silver does not acquire copper; Bad coins acquire good coins, but good coins do not acquire bad coins; A blank coin acquires a coin, but a coin does not acquire a blank coin; Movables acquire coins, but coins do not acquire movables. This is the general principle: All movables acquire each other.

Explanation
In the Babylonian Talmud, the discussion of Mishnah 4:1 begins on Bava Metzia 44a.

משנה בבא מציעא ד א


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 139.—THE MAID OF BRAKEL.

from Brakel once went to St. Anne's Chapel at the foot of the Hinnenberg, and as she wanted to have a husband, and thought there was no one else in the chapel, she sang,

The clerk, however, was standing behind the altar and heard that, so he cried in a very gruff voice, "Thou shalt not have him! Thou shalt not have him!" The maiden thought that the child Mary who stood by her mother Anne had called out that to her, and was angry, and cried, "Fiddle de dee, conceited thing, hold your tongue, and let your mother speak!"

140.—DOMESTIC SERVANTS.

" goest thou?" "To Walpe." "I to Walpe, thou to Walpe, so, so, together we'll go."

"Hast thou a man? What is his name?" "Cham." "My man Cham, thy man Cham; I to Walpe, thou to Walpe; so, so, together we'll go." "Hast thou a child; how is he styled?" "Wild." "My child Wild, thy child Wild; my man Cham, thy man Cham; I to Walpe, thou to Walpe, so, so, together we'll go." "Hast thou a cradle? How callest thou thy cradle? " "Hippodadle." "My cradle Hippodadle, my child Wild, thy child Wild, my man Cham, thy man Cham; I to Walpe, thou to Walpe, so, so, together we'll go."

"Hast thou also a drudge? what name has thy drudge?"


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 last." No excuses were of any use. The donkey was determined to play the lute; he was persevering and industrious, and at last learnt to do it as well as the master himself. The young lordling once went out walking full of thought and came to a well, he looked into it and in the mirror-clear water saw his donkey's form. He was so distressed about it, that he went out into the wide world and only took with him one faithful companion. They travelled up and down, and at last they came into a kingdom where an old King reigned who had an only but wonderfully beautiful daughter. The donkey said, "Here we will stay," knocked at the gate, and cried, "A guest is without—open, that he may enter." As, however, the gate was not opened, he sat down, took his lute and played it in the most delightful manner with his two fore-feet. Then the door-keeper opened his eyes most wonderfully wide, and ran to the King and said, "Outside by the gate sits a young donkey which plays the lute as well as an experienced master!" "Then let the musician come to me," said the King. When, however, a donkey came in, every one began to laugh at the lute-player. And now the donkey was to sit down and eat with the servants. He, however, was unwilling, and said, "I am no common stable-ass, I am a noble one." Then they said, "If that is what thou art, seat thyself with the men of war." "No," said he, "I will sit by the King." The King smiled, and said good-humouredly, "Yes, it shall be as thou wilt, little ass, come here to me." Then he asked, "Little ass, how does my daughter please thee?" The donkey turned his head towards her, looked at her, nodded and said, "I like her above measure, I have never yet seen any one so beautiful as she is." "Well, then, thou shalt sit next her too," said the King. "That is exactly what I wish," said the donkey, and he placed himself by her side, ate and drank, and knew how to behave himself daintily and cleanly. When the noble beast had stayed a long time at the King's court, he thought, "What good does all this do me, I shall still have to go home again?" let his head hang sadly, and went to the King and asked for his dismissal. But the King had grown fond of him, and said, "Little ass, what ails thee? Thou lookest as sour


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Author:Bradford Rhodes

Works

 * (United States)

title: Author:Bradford Rhodes


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 BALDWIN BALEARIC the Bavarian, and contributed largely to his final success. In the conflict between Louis and Pope John XXII, which was equally disastrous to Church and Empire, Baldwin also sided with Louis, and for this reason did not receive the papal approba- tion when the Cathedral Chapter of Mainz postu- lated him as successor to Aichspalter (who d. 5 June, 1320). Upon the death, in 1328, of Matthias, whom the pope had appointed Archbishop of Mainz, to succeed Aichspalter, Baldwin was again postu- lated as archbishop by the Cathedral Chapter of Mainz, took possession of the archdiocese, and administered it nearly nine years (1328-37), despite the protests of the pope, who had appointed Henry Virneburg to the position. On the 16th of July, 1338, he took an important part in the meet- ing of the imperial electors at Reuse, near Coblenz, where they protested against all papal interference in the election of the emperors and decided that the emperor elected by them could exercise his imperial authority without the approbation of the pope. When Clement VI renewed the ex- communication of Louis the Bavarian, and there was hope that Charles IV, a grandnephew of Bald- win, would receive the imperial crowii, Baldwin finally abandoned the Bavarian and at a meeting at Reuse (11 July, 1346) prevailed upon the other electors to declare Louis deposed and elect Charles IV emperor. Baldwin crowned the new emperor at Aachen, 26 July, 1349. Within his own diocese Baldwin successfully fought against the many robber-barons who at that time infested Europe. He destroyed their strongholds and forced the barons to submit to the laws or leave his domain. He promoted com- merce by erecting the bridge which still spans the River Moselle at Coblenz. Numerous churches in various parts of the diocese were built by him, and many wholesome decrees were passed at the synods which he convoked. But Baldwin, the bishop, dwindles beside Baldwin, the soldier and statesman. During the forty-six years of his reign (1308-54) the destinies of the German Empire were largely guided by the powerful hands of this prelate-prince. He was a shrewd diplomat and a brave soldier, but above all he was a member of the house of Luxemburg, and its aggrandizement was the mainspring of his political activities. The Avignonese popes, John XXII and Clement VI, may have set up unjust claims in regard to the imperial office, but there is no justification for Baldwin's siding vith Louis the Bavarian even after that emperor was deservedly excommunicated. There may have been palliating circumstances as to his administration of the Archdiocese of Mainz in opposition to the pope's command, but, as a subject of the pope, he should have submitted. He was the author of the so-called " Balduineum", a collection of documents relating to the possessions and privileges of Trier, together with a .series of pic- tures bearing on Henry's expedition to Rome, which was republished at Berlin in 1881. His remains lie in the Cathedral of Trier. Dambkrger, Synchronistische Geschichte der Kirche und der Welt im MiUelailer (Regensburg, 1860). XII-XIV, passim, XV, 213; DoMiNlcos. Baldwin ran Liitzelburg (Koblenz. 1862); MCller. Der Kampf Ludwiys des Bayem mit der romischen Kurie (Tubingen, 1879, 1880); De Lorenzi in Kirrhenlei., s. v.; Brower-Masen, Anliq. el Anna!. Trev. (Liuge, 1670). 11; PRIE.SACK, ReichspoHtik des Erzhischofs Baldwin von Trier, lSti-lS28 (Gottingen, 1894); Vogt. ReichspoHtik des Erz- hischofs Baldwin in den Jahren lS2S-lSSi (Gotha, 1901). Michael Ott. Baldwin (also Baudoix), Francis, a celebrated jurist, b. 1 January, 1.520 at Arras, tlien part of the German Empire; d. 24 October, 1573, at Paris. He was sent in his early youth to Louvain, where he studied jurisprudence with great success. At the end of his studies he came to the court of the Emperor Charles V (1519-56) at Brussels. He subsequently travelled extensively, appearing at Paris and Geneva several times and teaching successively at Bourges (1549-56), Strasburg, Heidelberg, Douai, Paris, and Angers. The assertion of his sevenfold change of religion from Catholicism to Calvinism and from Calvinism to Catholicism cannot be substantiated. But it is certain that, in the earher part of his life, he exhibited toward the Calvinistic system a friend- liness incompatible with sound Catholic convictions. This attitude for some time recommended him to princes for the settlement of religious questions in- teresting both Catholics and Protestants. His at- tachment to the Faith gradually grew stronger, how- ever, and beginning with the year 1560, he made a serious study of ecclesiastical questions, successfully defending the Catholic religion against Calvin. He died a devout Catholic in the arms of the celebrated Spanish Jesuit, Maldonatus. Baldwin was a very prolific writer on juridical and ecclesiastical topics. Among his works are: "Con- stantinus Magnus" (Basle, 1556; Strasburg, 1612); "Minucii Felicis Octavius" (Heidelberg, 1560). He is the first to ascribe the "Octavius" to Minucius Felix; " S. Optati Libri Sex de Schismate Danatis- tarum" (Paris, 1563); "Discours sur le fait de la R6forme" (Paris, 1564). NicERON, Hommea Illustr. (Paris, 1734), XXVIII, 255-277; Rass, Convertiten (Freiburg. 1866), II, 176-187; Schaumkeli.. Der Rechtsgelchrle F. Balduinus (1894). N. A. Weber. Baldwin of Canterbury, thirty-ninth Archbishop, a native of Exeter, date of birth unknown; d. 19 Nov., 1190. He was ordained priest and made archdeacon by Bartholomew, Bishop of Exeter. He subse- quently became a Cistercian monk at the Abbey of Ford, in Devonshire, and within a year was made Abbot of Ford. In 1180 he was promoted to the Bishopric of Worcester and in the same year was elected to the primatial see by the bishops of the province. The election was disputed by the monks of Canterbury, who chose first the Abbot of Battle, then Theobald, Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia. King Heniy II interfered. Baldwin, who, according to Gervase, refused to accept the archbishopric unless he was elected by the monks, was installed, and an arrangement was entered into by which, in the future, the bishops' elections were to be disallowed. He was several times engaged in disputes with the Canterbury monks, necessitating the further inter- ference of King Richard and of the Holy See. The prior, Norreys, whom he had nominated, was de- posed; but his right to appoint the priors was ac- knowledged. Baldwin acted as legate in Wales, where he held a visitation in 1187, and in 1188 preached the Crusade, after having himself taken the cross on hearing the news of the loss of Jerusalem. In 1190 he set out for the Holy Land, in company with Hubert, Bishop of Salisbury, and others, providing at his own costs two hundred knights and three hundred retainers. While there he acted as vicegerent of the patriarch. Giraldus Cainbrensis describes him as gentle, kindly disposed, learned, and religious. He died during the siege of Acre, leaving all he possessed for the relief of the Holy Land and naming Bishop Hubert as his executor. His works (to be found in the " Bib- liotheca Patrum Cisterciensium ", V) are "De Com- mendatione Fidei "; " De Sacramento Altaris". There are also some discourses and a penitential in MS. preserved in the Lambeth Library. G OF Canterbury. Chronicle, I; Giraldus Cam- BRENSls, De Sex Episcop. Vit.; Idem, Itin. Kambria: Epp. Cantuar.; Gesta Regis Henrici; Introduction to Memorials of Richard I (all in Rolls Series). Fr. cis Aveling. Balearic Isles, a group in the western part of the Mediterranean belonging to Spain and consist-


text:
User talk:NeoCertified

Your entry has been deleted as out of scope for Wikisource. Jeepday (talk) 00:03, 24 June 2011 (UTC)

title: User talk:NeoCertified


text:
Author:Henry Nicol

Works

 * (in part)

title: Author:Henry Nicol


text:
Jeremiah (Bible)

 * "Jeremiah" in the Wycliffe version of the Bible (1380s)
 * "Jeremiah" in the Bishops' version (1568)
 * "Jeremiah" in the Douay-Rheims version (1610)
 * "Ieremiah" in the Authorized Version (1611)
 * "Jeremiah" in the King James version (1769)
 * "Jeremiah" in the American Standard version (1901)
 * "Jeremiah" in the Jewish Publication Society version (1917)
 * "Jeremiah" in the World English version (in progress since 1997)

 * "Jeremiah" in the Wikisource edition (in progress since 2006)
 * "Jeremiah" in the Literal Standard Version of the Bible (2020)

title: Jeremiah (Bible)


text:
Lamentations (Bible)

 * "Lamentations" in the Wycliffe version of the Bible (1380s)
 * "Lamentations" in the Bishops' version (1568)
 * "Lamentations" in the Douay-Rheims version (1610)
 * "Lamentations" in the Authorized Version (1611)
 * "Lamentations" in the King James version (1769)
 * "Lamentations" in the American Standard version (1901)
 * "Lamentations" in the Jewish Publication Society version (1917)
 * "Lamentations" in the World English version (in progress since 1997)

 * "Lamentations" in the Wikisource edition (in progress since 2006)
 * "Lamentations" in the Literal Standard Version of the Bible (2020)

title: Lamentations (Bible)


text: Author:Reginald William Phillips

title: Author:Reginald William Phillips


text:
Baruch (Bible)

 * "Baruk" in the Wycliffe version of the Bible (1380s)
 * "Barruch" in the Douay-Rheims version (1610)
 * "Baruch with the Epistle of Ieremiah" in the Authorized Version (1611)
 * "Baruch" in the King James version (1769)
 * "Baruch" in the World English version (in progress since 1997)
 * "Baruch" in the Wikisource version (in progress since 2006)

title: Baruch (Bible)


text: Author:Edmund Robertson

title: Author:Edmund Robertson


text:
Letter of Jeremiah

 * "Preier of Jeremye" in the Wycliffe version of the Bible (1380s)
 * "Letter of Jeremiah" in the World English version (in progress since 1997)

The following versions of Baruch include the Letter of Jeremiah:
 * "Barruch" in the Douay-Rheims version (1610)
 * "Baruch with the Epistle of Ieremiah" in the Authorized Version (1611)
 * "Baruch" in the King James version (1769)

title: Letter of Jeremiah


text: An Antidote Against Atheism/Book I/Chapter I


text:
Ezekiel (Bible)

 * "Ezechiel" in the Wycliffe version of the Bible (1380s)
 * "Ezechiel" in the Bishops' version (1568)
 * "Ezechiel" in the Douay-Rheims version (1610)
 * "Ezekiel" in the Authorized Version (1611)
 * "Ezekiel" in the King James version (1769)
 * "Ezekiel" in the American Standard version (1901)
 * "Ezekiel" in the Jewish Publication Society version (1917)
 * "Ezekiel" in the World English version (in progress since 1997)

 * "Ezekiel" in the Wikisource edition (in progress since 2006)
 * "Ezekiel" in the Literal Standard Version of the Bible (2020)

title: Ezekiel (Bible)


text:
Minor Prophets

 * A book of the Hebrew Bible, also known as Twelve Minor Prophets and The Twelve. It is treated as a single book in the Jewish canon, but divided into twelve separate books in Christian canons. For versions of the constituent books, see
 * Hosea (Bible)
 * Joel (Bible)
 * Amos (Bible)
 * Obadiah (Bible)
 * Jonah (Bible)
 * Micah (Bible)
 * Nahum (Bible)
 * Habakkuk (Bible)
 * Zephaniah (Bible)
 * Haggai (Bible)
 * Zechariah (Bible)
 * Malachi (Bible)
 * Biblical commentary and analysis
 * "Minor Prophets" in Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Series II VI

title: Minor Prophets


text: An Antidote Against Atheism/Book I/Chapter II


text:
Template:PSMPubRec

PUBLICATIONS RECEIVED.

End of article
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precedes the title if section doesn’t begin on the top of the page.

or

Begin publications list.

 * See PSMPubRec2 / Ppr2

title: Template:PSMPubRec


text:
Author:Robert Peele

Works

 * Compressed air plant for mines(1908)
 * Gelasio Caetani
 * Compressed air plant for mines(1908)
 * Gelasio Caetani
 * Gelasio Caetani

Works about Peele

 * Italy: The Prince's Prince from www.time.com
 * Italy: The Prince's Prince from www.time.com

title: Author:Robert Peele


text: An Antidote Against Atheism/Book I/Chapter III


text:
Executive Order 10195

Pursuant to the authority vested in me by section 22(b)(13) of the Internal Revenue Code, as amended by section 202(a) of the Revenue Act of 1950, approved September 23, 1950 (Public Law 814, 81st Congress), there is hereby designated, for the purposes of paragraph (13) of section 22(b) of the Internal Revenue Code, as an area in which armed forces of the United States have engaged in combat:

 * The date of the commencing of combatant activities in such area is hereby designated as June 27, 1950.

, December 20, 1950.

title: Executive Order 10195


text:
Page:Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile - In the Years 1768, 1769, 1770, 1771, 1772, and 1773 volume 2.djvu/402

, a priest of Selalo, had been heard to say, when Serca Christos was appointed to the government of Gojam, "There is an end of the Catholic faith in this province." Being now called before the governor, he was forbid to say mass according to the forms of the church of Rome. This the priest submitted to; but, being ordered to deny the two natures in Christ, he declared this was a point of faith which he would never give up, but always confess Christ was perfect God and perfect man. Upon this Serca Christos ordered him to be slain; and he was accordingly thrust through with many lances, repeating these words, God and man! God and man! till his last breath.

had now drawn the sword, and thrown away the scabbard. Upon receiving the news, the king ordered the prince, who waited but his command, to march against him. The murder of Za Selasse had procured an accession of fanatics and monks, but very few soldiers; so that as soon as he heard with what diligence the prince was advancing, he left his whole baggage, and fled into those high and craggy mountains that form the banks of the Nile in Damot.

prince pressed closely upon him, notwithstanding the difficulty of the ground; so that no safety remained for him but to pass the Nile into the country of the Galla, where he thought himself in safety. In this, however, he was mistaken. He had to do with a general of the most active kind, in the person of Facilidas, who crossed the Nile after him, and, the third day, forced him to a battle on such ground as the prince had chosen, who was likewise much his superior in number of troops. But there was no longer


text: Talk:Executive Order 10195

title: Talk:Executive Order 10195


text: User:Coekon

title: User:Coekon


text:
Author:Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow

Works

 * Verhandlungen der Gesellschaft für Anthropologie ("Proceedings of the Society for Anthropology")

title: Author:Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow


text:
Page:Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile - In the Years 1768, 1769, 1770, 1771, 1772, and 1773 volume 2.djvu/403

 any remedy; Serca Christos made the bell that he could of this necessity, and fought with great obstinacy, till his men being for the most part slain, he was forced, with the few that remained, to take refuge on a high hill, whence the prince obliged him to deliver himself up to his mercy without condition.

immediately dispatched news of his victory to court, and fifteen days after, he followed himself, bringing Serca Christos, with six of his principal officers and counsellors, loaded with heavy chains. Being interrogated by the judges. What he had to answer for his treasons? the prisoner denied that he had any occasion to answer, because he had already received pardon from the prince. This excuse was not admitted, the prince having disowned it absolutely. Upon which he was sentenced to death; and, though he appealed to the king, his sentence was confirmed.

was too late to execute the sentence that night, but next morning the seven prisoners were put to death. One of the principal servants of Serca Christos being asked to confess and turn Catholic, abandoned himself to great rage, uttering many curses and blasphemies against the king, who, therefore, ordered him to be fastened upon a hook of iron, where he continued his curses till at last he was slain by lances.

, cousin to Socinios, was treated with more respect. He, with seeming candour, declared, that he would die a Catholic; and the king, very desirous of this, gave orders to Diego de Mattos, a priest, to attend him constantly in prison. After which, one night he sent five of his


text:
Page:Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile - In the Years 1768, 1769, 1770, 1771, 1772, and 1773 volume 2.djvu/404

 servants, who killed him privately, to prevent his recantation.

had again taken Gojam from Sela Christos; which last disgrace so affected him, that he desired to retire and live as a private man in that province.

king, having now no other enemy, all his attention was employed in preparing for a campaign against Melca Christos of Lasta. But, as he found his army full of disaffection, it was proposed to him, before he took the field, to content them so far as to indulge the Alexandrians in some rites of the old church; and a proclamation was accordingly made by the king, "That those who chose to observe "the Wednesday as a fast, instead of Saturday, might do it;" and some other such indulgences as these were granted, which were understood to affect the faith.

As soon as this came to the ears of the patriarch, he wrote a very sharp letter to the king, reproving him for the proclamation that he had made; adding, that it was an encroachment upon the office of the priesthood, that he, a layman, should take upon him to direct in matters merely ecclesiastical. He warned the king, moreover, that God would call him to the very strictest account for this presumption, and reminded him of the words of Azarias the chief priest to king Uzziah, and of the punishment of leprosy that followed the king's encroachment on the ecclesiastical function; and insisted upon Socinios contradicting his proclamation by another.


text:
Executive Order 10585

By virtue of the authority vested in me by section 112(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, January 31, 1955, as of midnight thereof, is hereby designated as the date of termination of combatant activities in the zone comprised of the area described in Executive Order No. 10195 of December 20, 1950 (15 F.R. 9177).

, January 1, 1955.

title: Executive Order 10585


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/New Chapters in the Warfare of Science: Medicine III


text:
Page:Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile - In the Years 1768, 1769, 1770, 1771, 1772, and 1773 volume 2.djvu/489

 of Sennaar, where they met Erbab Ibrahim, brother of the prime minister, and were received civilly by him. He defrayed their expences also as far as Korti, where they arrived the 13th of January.

travellers from Korti were obliged to enter the great desert of Bahiouda, and cross it in a S. E. direction till they came to Derreira, where they rested two days, which, Poncet says, was done to avoid the Arabs upon the Nile. These Arabs are called Chaigie; they inhabit the banks of that river to the N. E. of Korti, and never pay the king his revenue without being compelled and very ill-treated.

country about Derreira is called Belled Ullah, from the cause of its plenty rather than the plenty itself. This small district is upon the very edge of the tropical rains, which it enjoys in part; and, by that, is more fruitful than those countries which are watered only by the industry of man. The Arabs of these deserts figuratively call rain Rahamet Ullah, 'the mercy of God', and Belled Ullah, 'the country which enjoys that mercy.'

Some days after the caravan came to Gerri. Poncet says, the use of this station was to examine caravans coming from the northward, whether they had the small-pox or not. This usage is now discontinued by the decay of trade. It must always have served little purpose, as the infection oftener comes in merchandise than by passengers. At Gerri great respect was shewn to Poncet, as going to Ethiopia.

conceive why Poncet says, that, to avoid the


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/Glass-Making II


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/The Convict-Island of Brazil-Fernando de Noronha


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/The Strange Markings on Mars


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/Beginnings in Science at Mugby School


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/Agnosticism


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/Growth of the Beet-Sugar Industry


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/Eggs in Chemistry and Commerce


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/Botanical Gardens


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/The Desert of Gobi and the Himalayas


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/Sketch of Rudolf Clausius


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/Correspondence


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/Editor's Table


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/Literary Notices


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/Publications Received


text:
Executive Order 11216

Pursuant to the authority vested in me by section 112 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, I hereby designate, for the purposes of that section, as an area in which Armed Forces of the United States are and have been engaged in combat:

 * The date of the commencing of combatant activities in such area is hereby designated as January 1, 1964.

, April 24, 1965.

title: Executive Order 11216


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/Popular Miscellany


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/Notes


text: Popular Science Monthly/Volume 35/May 1889/Obituary Notes


text:
Page:Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile - In the Years 1768, 1769, 1770, 1771, 1772, and 1773 volume 2.djvu/461

 risk being confounded with another, we may hardly conclude the 9th year of Yasous the First to be the year 1689 of Christ, such as our chronology, drawn from the Abyssinian annals, states it to be; or, at least, if there is any error, it must be so small as to be of no sort of consequence to any sort of readers, or influence upon the narrative of any transactions.

10th year began with a sudden and violent alarm, which spread itself in an instant all over the kingdom without any certain authority. The Galla with an innumerable army were said to have entered Gojam, at several places, and laid waste the whole province, and this was the more extraordinary, as the Nile was now in the height of its inundation. On his march, the king learned that this story arose merely from a panic; and this formidable army turned out no more than a small band of robbers of that nation, who had passed the river in their usual way, part on horseback, while the foot were dragged over, hanging at the horses tails, or riding on goats skins blown up with wind. This small party had surprised some weak villages, killed the inhabitants, and immediately returned across the river. But the alarm continued, and there were people at Gondar who were ready to swear they saw the villages and churches on fire, and a large army of Galla in their march to Ibaba, at the same time that there was not one Galla on the Gojam side of the river.

king, however, either considering this small body of Galla coming at this unseasonable time, and the panic that was so artificially spread, as a feint to throw him off his guard when a real invasion might be intended, or with a