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Rh and progressive lines. Promoter of a universal religion based upon the fundamental doctrines of Christian Healing.

ANDREWS, Grace, 47 Brevoort Place, Brooklyn, N.Y.

Born Brooklyn. N.Y., 1869; dau. Edward Gayer Andrews (Bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church) and Susan M. (Hotchkiss) Andrews; ed. Mt. Vernon Sem., Washington, D.C.; Wellesley Coll., B.S. '90; Columbia Univ., A.M. '99, Ph.D. '01; mem. Zeta Alpha. Favors woman suffrage. Methodist. Mem. N.Y. Wellesley Club, Kosmos Club, Brooklyn; Women's University Club of N.Y. City.

ANDREWS, Grace, 1931 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa.

Physician; b. Philadelphia; dau. R. H. Andrews, M.D., and Mary M. (Beidler) Andrews; grad. Philadelphia Girls' High School, 1897; holder of Trustees' Philadelphia Girls' High School scholarship to Bryn Mawr, 1898-1902; grad. Bryn Mawr Coll., A.B. 1902; Women's Med. Coll. of Pa., M.D. '07. Ophthalmologist.

ANDREWS, Gwendolen Foulke (Mrs. Ethan Allen Andrews), 881 St. Paul St., Baltimore, Md.

Biologist, writer; b. Bala Farm, Chester Co., Pa., June 26, 1863; dau. William Parker and Julia de Veaux (Powell) Foulke; ed. in Mr. and Mrs. L. M. Johnson's School, Philadelphia, with special course in biology at Bryn Mawr Coll.; m. Philadelphia, Pa., March 17, 1894, Prof. Ethan Allen Andrews, Ph.D., now prof, zoölogy in Johns Hopkins Univ. Author: The Living Substance; also papers in American Journal of Morphology and other biological publications. Mem. Acorn Club (Philadelphia), Arundell Club (Baltimore).

ANDREWS, Helen Frances, Farmington, Conn.

Artist and Instructor in art; b. Farmington, Conn.; dau. Franklin A. and Jane (Bulkeley) Andrews; ed. Miss Porter's School, Farmington, Conn., and at the Académie Julian, Paris, under J. P. Lanier and Benjamin Constant. Instructor In drawing and painting in the Westover School, Middlebury, Vt. Mem. Conn. Acad, of Fine Arts. Congregationalist.

ANDREWS, Helen Slade (Mrs. Charles A, Andrews), Moffatt Rd., Waban, Mass.

Born Quincy, Mass., Nov. 28, 1870; dau. James H. and Mary B. (Thayer) Slade; ed. Thayer Acad., Braintree, Mass.; Vassar Coll., A.B. (Phi Beta Kappa) '94; m. Quincy, Mass., Jan. 1, 1901, Charles A. Andrews; children: Sidney Warren, John Thayer, Helen. Taught for six years in Marlboro and Holyoke High School, and at Vassar Coll. (subject, mathematics). Unitarian. Mem. Waban Woman's Club (pres. 1910-12), Boston branch Vassar Alumnee (pres. for year 1913); vice-pres. Newton Fed. of Women's Clubs (1912-13). Favors woman suffrage.

ANDREWS, Irene Osgood (Mrs. John B. Andrews), 143 E. Twenty-first St., N.Y. City.

Worker for labor legislation; b. Big Rapids, Mich., Jan. 18, 1879; dau. Lucius L. and Mary (Markley) Osgood; ed. Univ. of Minn., New York School of Philanthropy, Univ. of Wis., A.B. '05; Univ. of Wis. fellow at Univ. Settlement, Milwaukee; mem. Alpha Phi (Wis.); m. N.Y. City, Aug. 8, 1910, John B. Andrews. Agent of the Associated Charities, Minneapolis, Minn.; special agent for relief work of the Red Cross, San Francisco, Cal.; head resident of the Northwestern Univ. Settlement, Chicago; ass't sec. Am. Ass'n for Labor Legislation, etc. Departmental editor Life and Labor (official organ of the Women's Trade Union League). Favors woman suffrage. Author: Women Workers in Milwaukee Tanneries; has contributed to The Survey, Am. Labor Legislation Review, the Am. Year Book, Political Science Quarterly. Mem. Nat. Woman's Trade Union League, Am. Ass'n for Labor Legislation. Recreations: Skating, canoeing. Active worker, writer and speaker on subjects relating to labor legislation and the betterment of the working class.

ANDREWS, Marilla, Gransville, Wis.

Editor, postmaster; b. Argyle, Wis., Aug. 12, 1864; dau. John Cain Andrews (b. in Ohio) and Sarah (Wright) Andrews (b. in England); grad. Evansville (Wis.) High School, classical course, Gransville (Wis.) Sem. and Univ. of Wis. B.L. '92. Was special correspondent to Washington (D.C.) paper for World's Fair at Chicago, 1893; did magazine work for about two years; founded, owned and published a local weekly paper until appointed postmaster, in which office is now serving. Was for a time editor of Wisconsin Citizen (Equal Suffrage organ). Founded two leading literary clubs of Gransville, Wis.; one of the organizers of public library movement and first sec. of Library Board; mem. Board of Trustees of Gransville Sem.; mem. Industrial School Comm'n; mem. Park Comm'n. Active in woman suffrage cause. Episcopalian. Recreation: Farming; owns three farms run by managers; very fond of horses, being a breeder and importer of registered Shetland ponies.

ANDREWS, Mary Canfield (Mrs. W. W. Andrews), 4082 Rose Hill Av., Avondale, Cincinnati, O.

Daughter James W. and Mary Jane (Williams) Canfield; m. W. W. Andrews; children: C. W. Andrews, Mary A. M. McCall, Alice A. Magenny. Mem. Cincinnati Women's Clnb, D.A.R., the New England Women's Club of N.Y. City, Daughters of N.Y.; trustee for past 20 years of Home for Incurables (was pres. two years).

ANDREWS, Mary Elizabeth, Swope Center, Kansas City, Mo.

Minister; head of social settlement; b. Hamilton, Ohio; dau. Robert N. and Carolyn (Webbring) Andrews; ed. Buchtel Coll., Akron, Ohio; Univ. of Chicago; Columbia Univ., N.Y. City. Favors woman suffrage. Unitarian and Universalist. Progressive. Is at present head resident of Swope Center.

ANDREWS, Mira McCoy (Mrs. William E. Andrews), 1225 Fairmont St., N.W.. Washington.

Born Iowa; dau. Laban L. and Alice (Richards) McCoy; ed. Parsons Coll., Fairfield, Ia. (classical), and music (both voice and piano) in Chicago, making voice a specialty and later learning the pipe organ; m. Fairfield, Ia., Sept. 1, 1885, William E. Andrews (mem, 54th Congress, now Auditor for U.S. Treasury Dep't. For several years she held the chair of voice culture in Hastings Coll., Neb. Mem. Board of Lady Managers of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, 1901. Associate dean of Leojean Coll., Washington, D.C, of which her sister. Miss Leota Myrtle McCoy, is dean. Mem. and pres. Chapter B., and one of nat. officers of the P.E.O. Soc. Mem. Presbyterian Church and interested in religious and philanthropic work. Pres. of State Federation of Women's Clubs in the District of Columbia. Delegate to biennial of Gen. Fed. of Women's Clubs in San Francisco, 1912, and en route spoke before Colorado club women, and also on politics to mixed meeting. Elected at biennial one of eight directors of Gen. Fed.; also mem. welfare dep't. Nat. Civics Ass'n. Mem. Columbia High Arts Club.

ANDREWS, Nellie Greenwood (Mrs. W. W. Andrews), 2213 Cornwall St., Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada.

Educator, writer, lecturer; b. Farmington, Me., Apr. 21, 1864; dau. Cyprian Stevens and Esther (Butterfleld) Greenwood, New England ancestry on both sides; grad. Bath (Me.) High School '80, Victoria Coll., Toronto, B.Sc. '84 (first woman to receive a college degree in course in Ontario); m. Cobourg, Ont, Oct. 18, 1887, Rev. W. W. Andrews, LL.D.; children: Mabel Greenwood (B.A.), Cyprian Herbert, Elisabeth Ellsworth. Teacher of botany and drawing in Peterboro (Ont.) Coll. Inst., 1892-94; teacher of mathematics and astronomy, Mount Allison Ladles' Coll., Sackville, N.B. Resided, 1887-90, in Toronto, where Dr. Andrew was pastor of College Street Methodist Church; at Sackville, N.B., where he was dean of the Faculty of Applied Science in Mount Allison Univ.; since 1911 at Regina, Sask., where Dr. Andrews is pres. Regina Coll. Writer of short stories and sketches published in Canadian magazines and


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52 various local and college periodicals; has delivered several lectures before semi-public gatherings on local history and general literary and educational topics. Former Congregationalist; now mem. Methodist Church of Can. Former mem. Board of Regents of Mount Allison Univ. and allied educational institutions. Mem. and Provincial officer W.C.T.U. and of the Woman's Missionary Soc. of Can. Methodist Church; mem. Victoria Coll. Alumnae Ass'n, Mount Allison Alumnae Ass'n.

ANDREWS, Sophia Maxwell Dolson (Mrs. L. F. Andrews), 302 Forty-second St., Des Moines, Ia.

Born Elmira, N.Y., Apr. 27, 1829; dau. John Dolson (Revolutionary soldier, who enlisted under Gen. Washington at Newburgh, 1777) and Elizabeth (Carr) Dolson; ed. in branch of Univ. of Mich, then located at Kalamazoo (now Kalamazoo Coll.), 1843-50; m. (1st) 1851, C. L. Crittenden; (2d) Kalamazoo, Mich., 1861, L. F. Andrews; children: Mrs. Lillian C. Bishop, b. Nov. 23, 1851; Frank Mill Andrews, b. Jan. 28, 1867 (now architect in N.Y. City). Teacher in schools and seminaries in Mich, during early years of life. First woman elected to a seat as an accredited correspondent in Iowa Legislature, where represented the Chicago Journal for several sessions. Long identified with church work, charities and literary culture in Des Moines. Baptist. Republican. Mem. D.A.R. (was first regent of Abigail Adams Chapter, Des Moines); hon. mem. Daughters of the Revolution. Charter mem. Des Moines Woman's Club; charter mem. Kalamazoo Library Club (organized 1855 and still in existence); organized Madeline de Scudéry Club (literary), 1884 (still its pres. and leader); mem. Press and Authors' Club of Des Moines; elected hon. vice-pres. Iowa State Fed. Women's Clubs, 1907.

ANDRUS, Elizabeth M. Alexander (Mrs. Leonard Andrus), Portland, Ore.

Born Dixon, Ill., Aug. 7, 1860; dau. Philip Mazwell and Eliza (Howell) Alexander; ed. Dixon graded schools; Wells Coll., A.B. '80; m. Dixon, Ill., Oct. 4, 1882, Leonard Andrus (died Aug. 30, 1905); one son: Leonard Alexander. Interested in church and social clubs and many philanthropic societies. Clubs: Portland, Oregon Art Class, Phidean Art Club of Dixon, Ill. Recreations: Swimming, rowing, horseback riding, traveling. Presbyterian. Against woman suffrage.

ANDRUSS, Helen J. (Mrs. Robert H. Andruss), 548 West 188th St., N.Y. City.

W.C.T.U. worker; b. Goshen, N.Y., Oct. 8, 1866; dau. Adam H. and Maria J. (France) Sinsabaugh; ed. private schools and Northfield Sem.; m. Goshen, N.Y., 1884, Robert H. Andruss; children: Robert H., Gilbert G. and Cora DuBois. Cor. sec. N.Y. State W.C.T.U. and county pres. N.Y. County W.C.T.U. Favors woman suffrage.

ANGELL, Fanny Cary Cooley (Mrs. Alexis Caswell Angell), 49 Watson St., Detroit, Mich.

Born Adrian, Mich., July 5, 1857; dau. Hon. Thomas McIntyre Cooley distinguished jurist. Chief Justice of Mich., author of Cooley's Constitutional Limitations, etc.) and Mary E. (Horton) Cooley; ed. Ann Arbor, Mich., and Norwich, Conn; m. June, 1880, Alexis Caswell Angll; children: Sarah C., Thomas C., Alice, James B., Elizabeth, Robert C. Mem. Y.W.C.A., Girls' Protective League, Home and Foreign Missionary Societies. Congregationalist. Mem. Twentieth Century Club of Detroit. Against woman suffrage.

ANGELL, Helen Jeffries (Mrs. Joseph Warner Angell), Coleridge, Neb.

Born Wooster, O., Mar. 30, 1868; dau. Lemuel and Harriet (Howard) Jeffries; ed. Wooster Univ., A.B., with honors, '89; A.M. '90; Ph.D. '93; graduate work at Bryn Mawr Coll. and Wooster Univ., A.M. '90; Ph.D. '93 (Kappa Alpha Theta); m. Wooster, Oct. 15, 1896, Joseph Warner Angell; children: Mary Strong, b. 1897; John Howard, b. 1901; Joseph Warner, b. 1908. Active in missionary work, home and foreign; interested in Associated Charities work. Recreation: Driving. Presbyterian. Against woman suffrage.

ANGELL, Lisbeth Gertrude, 52 Dorchester Rd., Buffalo, N.Y.

Principal; b. Exeter, N.Y., 1870; dau. Byron and Gertrude (Bonham) Pomeroy; ed. Wellesley Coll., B.A. '94. Engaged in teaching, now principal of the Buffalo Sem. Favors woman suffrage. Presbyterian. Mem. Ass'n of Collegiate Alumnae, Peace and Arbitration Soc, Buffalo Fine Arts Acad., Buffalo Guild of Allied Arts, Buffalo Charity Organization Soc.

ANGELL, Mary Eleanor (Mrs. Arthur F. Angell), 211 South Division St., Du Quoin, Ill.

Born Stanley, County of Durham, England, Feb. 16, 1868; dau. Thomas and Isabella (Harker) Thompson; ed. Du Quoin (Ill.) public schools; Ill. Woman's Coll., Jacksonville, Ill. (Phi Nu Soc); m. Du Quoin, Oct. 24, 1897, Arthur F. Angell; one daughter: Arline Eleanor, b. Feb. 16, 1906. Presbyterian. Mem. Missionary and Mite Societies of church. Mem. Woman's Club of Du Quoin, Clover Circle, Tuesday Evening Club. Against woman suffrage.

ANGELL, Pauline Knickerbocker, 40 W. Thirty-second St., N.Y. City.

Educator; b. Waverly, Tioga Co., N.Y., Jan. 30, 1886; dau. James Eugene and Ella Pauline Knickerbocker Angell; ed. Waverly High School; Vassar, A.B. '08. Teacher in private school, 1908-11; on staff of Vocational Education Survey, N.Y. City since 1911. Established, 1909, Vassar Alumnae Monthly, of which has since been manager and editor. Favors woman suffrage. Mem. Am. Historical Ass'n. Recreations: Tennis, dancing, skating, etc.

ANGIER, Elizabeth (Mrs. Hugh Angier), 100 W. Eighty-eighth St., N.Y. City.

Soprano soloist, teacher of voice; b. Fort Erie, Ont., Oct. 17, 1851; dau. Nelson and Archange (Warren) Forsyth; ed. Acad, of the Holy Angels, Buffalo, N.Y.; studied music in Buffalo and at Milan, Italy, under Signor Antonio Trivulzi; m. London, England, Nov., 1878, Hugh Angier. Began professional career at 17 as soloist in St. Paul's Cathedral, Buffalo; afterward prepared for opera and made début in grand opera at Trani, Italy, 1875; later toured through England and Wales with John Thomas, harpist to Queen Victoria; toured with husband through Australia in grand opera, and in 1895 established a college of music in Atlanta, Ga., since 1906 teacher of voice in N.Y. City. Known in opera as M'lle. and Mme. Cellini-Angeri. Episcopalian. Was mem. Board of Lady Managers and chairman Music Com. of Woman's Building in the Cotton States and International Exposition at Atlanta, and sang in oratorio at opening of the building.

ANGLE, Helen Goldthorpe Williams (Mrs. George K. Angle), Silver City, N.Mex.

Actress; b. Richmond, Ind.; dau. Caleb Robinson and Mary Ellen (Goldthorpe) Williams; ed. Richmond (Ind.) High School; pupil of Madame Katherine Grey in elocution; m. Richmond, Ind., Sept., 1894, Dr. George K. Angle; children: Katherine, Richard Williams. Actress, leading parts in 1887-92; subsequently prominent for her interpretations of Lew Wallace's Ben Hur, and James Lane Allen's Flute and Violin before the American public. First pres. of Woman's Club, Silver City, N.M. State delegate to Educational Convention at Kansas City, 1912. Regent of the D.A.R.; first presiding officer of the Federated Clubs of New Mexico; active in all philanthropic movements throughout New Mexico. Favors woman suffrage. Author: Jingle Songs of Christmastide. Episcopalian. Recreations: Travel, amateur theatricals. Mem. Gen. Fed. Women's Clubs, Readers' Club of Silver City, N.M.; Daughters of the Revolution.

ANGLIN-HULL, Mary Margraret (Mrs. Howard Hull), 25 W. Forty-second St., N.Y. City.

Actress; b. Ottawa, Can., Apr. 3, 1876; dau. Timothy Warren and Esther (McTavish) Anglin; ed. South Abbey, Toronto; Convent of Sacred Heart, Montreal; m. May 8, 1911, Howard Hull. Originated part of Roxane in Cyrano de Bergerac; Mrs. Dane in Mrs. Dane's Defense; produced and played leading parts In Great Divide, Awakening of Helen Richie, and the Antigone

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Rh of Sophocles. Recreations: Motoring, reading, horse-backriding. Roman Catholic.

ANGSTMAN, Charlotte Smith (Mrs. Oscar E. Angstman), 277 Putnam Av., Detroit, Mich.

Born Barnet, Vt., Dec. 23, 1859; dau. John Mason and Emeline (Warner) Smith; ed. public schools and Union High School of Pontiac, Mich.; grad. from Univ. of Mich., '79; m. Pontiac, Mich., June 1, 1881, Oscar E. Angstman; children: Charlotte, b. June 15, 1886; Roger Warner, b. Oct. 10, 1887. Founded Anti-Cigarette work for boys under auspices of the Twentieth Century Club of Detroit in 1900. Favors woman suffrage. Author of brochure: The Power of the Tobacco Habit, also College Women and the New Science (Popular Science Monthly), The Story of a Houseworker (N.Y. Independent), and articles in other magazines. Congregationalist. Mem. Ass'n of Collegiate Alumnae, D.A.R., College Equal Suffrage League, Mich. Alumnae Ass'n, Health Education League of Boston, Y.W.C.A., Soc. for Prevention of Tuberculosis, District Nursing Soc., Consumers' League, Twentieth Century Club of Detroit.

ANNAN, Anna Bright Green (Mrs. Roberdeau Annan), Frostburg, Md.

Born Reading, Pa.; dau. Albert G. and Rebecca (Dickinson) Green; ed. Bryn Mawr Coll., A.B.; m. Reading, Pa., 1897, Raberdeau Annan; children: Virginia Raberdeau, Henry Green. Interested in the Civic Club. Episcopalian. Favors woman suffrage.

ANSLEY, Elizabeth, care David C. Cook Publishing Company, Elgin, Ill.

Editor; b. Flesherton, Ontario, Canada; daughter of James Marcus and Jane Elizabeth (Flasher) Ansley; ed. in Ontario public schools (grad. high school), and by private instruction. First editorial work was in 1900-01, as ass't to John W. Leonard on the 1901-02 edition of Who's Who in America; in Dec, 1901, went to Elgin, Ill., doing editorial work on The Boys' World, published by the David C. Cook Publishing Co.,. and since Mar., 1904, has been assoc. editor of that publication. Since Mar., 1906, one of the managing editors of The Mothers' Magazine. Mem. Church of England (Protestant Episcopal).

ANSON, Mae Harris, 127 E. Fourteenth St., Minneapolis, Minn.

Magazine writer; b. Niles, Mich.; dau. Austin and Anna (Harris) Anson. Served on staff of Minneapolis Journal as N.Y. and Washington correspondent, and later as editor of The Journal Junior (children's supplement to the Journal). Contributor to various publications.

ANSPACHER, Kathryn Kidder (Mrs. Louis Kaufman Anspacher), 142 E. Eighteenth St., N.Y. City, and Tuckahoe, N.Y.

Actress; b. Newark, N.J.; dau. Henry Martyn and Sarah (Ravenhill) Kidder; ed. privately, then prepared for the stage by studies in Paris and London; m. 1905, Louis Kaufman Anspacher. Debut in 1885, with Frank Mayo; played Streets of New York, Nordeck, Little Lord Fauntleroy (Dearest), then Rachel Macreery in Held by the Enemy. Then followed several Shakespeare seasons, playing Ophelia, Desdemona, Hermione and Perdita, Lady Macbeth, and all the popular Shakespeare plays; then Madame Sans-Gene; following this, started in several Shakespeare revivals and old English comedy; School for Scandal, The Rivals, The Country Girl, then Salambo of Flaubert, and following this several modern plays, including The Embarrassment of Riches (Wallack's); The Woman of Impulse (Herald Square); The Glass House (Chicago), and, season 1912-13, The Washerwoman Duchess, a new one-act comedy, in the character of Mme. Sans-Gene. Favors woman suffrage. Recreation: Gardening.

ANTHONY, Alice, Denbigh Hall, Bryn Mawr, Pa.

Born Providence, R.l.; ed. Friends School, Providence, R.I.; Bryn Mawr Coll., A.B. '89. Ass't in the Church Settlement, St. Peter's House. Philadelphia, 1894-97; resident Calvary House Settlement, N.Y. City, 1897-1900; warden of Denbigh Hall, Bryn Mawr Coll., since 1901. Episcopalian.

ANTHONY, Katharine Susan, 119 W. Washington Pl., N.Y. City.

Social service; b. Roseville, Ark., Nov. 27, 1877; dau. Ernest Augustus and Susan (Cathey) Anthony; ed. Univ. of Chicago, Ph.B.; student Univs. of Heidelberg and Freiburg in Germany, 1902-03. Instructor in English, Wellesley Coll., 1907-08; fellow in Bureau of Social Research, N.Y. City, 1909-12; editorial dep't Russell Sage Foundation publications, 1912. Mem. Woman's Trade Union League. Favors woman suffrage; mem. Woman's Political Union, Woman Suffrage Party of N.Y. City.

ANTHONY, Mary Borden, 72 Manning St, Providence, R.I.

Born Providence, R.I., June 19, 1863; dau. John Brayton and Ellen DeForest (Miller) Anthony; ed. Miss Abbott's private school. Gen treas, and pres. R.I. Girls' Friendly Soc. in America; mem. Board of Management of St Mary's Orphanage; mem. Woman's Auxiliary to Board of Missions, and interested in Grace Church Sunday-school. Favors Woman suffrage; auditor R.I. Woman Suffrage Ass'n; elected delegate to Nat. Suffrage Convention in Philadelphia, 1912; mem. Exec Com. R.I. Progressive League; mem. Religious Education Ass'n. Episcopalian. Mem. Colonial Dames, D.A.R.; treas. Miss Abbott's School Alumnae Ass'n.

ANTRIM, Minna Thomas (Mrs. W. H. Antrim), 5922 Christian Av., West Philadelphia, Pa.

Author; b. Philadelphia, 1859; dau. William Preston and Lauretta (Robbins) Thomas (descendant of old Philadelphia Quaker stock); ed. St. Mary's Hall, Burlington, N.J.; m. Philadelphia, 1876, W. H. Antrim; children: Ada, Harry, Hollins. Lectured before Woman's Congress at Atlanta Exposition. Contributor to magazines. Author: Naked Truths and Veiled Allusions; Toasts: Wisdom of the Foolish and Folly of the Wise; Sweethearts and Beaux; At the Sign of the Golden Calf; Mazes, Phases and Crazes of Love; Jester Life and His Marionettes; Knocks; Don'ts for Boys; Don'ts for Girls. Episcopalian. Recreations: Music, out-door sports. Mem. Arts and Letters Club of Philadelphia.

APLINGTON, Kate Adele (Mrs. John R. Aplington). Council Grove, Kan.

Author and artist; b. Sugar Grove, Ill., Mar. 1, 1859; dau. Henry H. and Elizabeth M. (Deming) Smith; m. Ottawa, Ill., June 19, 1879, John R. Aplington. Teacher of painting, 1879-86; professional photographer, 1886-1900; received State gold medal in 1899 from Photo. Ass'n; art student and lecturer and founder of Kansas State Traveling Art Gallery since 1900. Wrote the art lectures that accompany the Traveling Art Gallery; also novel: Pilgrims of the Plains. Mem. Gen. Fed. Art Com., P.E.O. Chapter. Vice-pres. Kans. Fed. Women's Clubs. Presbyterian. Favors woman suffrage. Republican. Has held offices in State Suffrage Ass'n and given lectures on the subject, as well as on literary and educational subjects. Has made special investigations and research on the subject of the old days on the Santa Fe Trail, on which Council Grove (where she has lived since 1880) was the most famous spot.

APPLEBEE, Constance M. K., Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, Pa.

Director; b. Chigwell, Essex, England; dau. James Kay and Catherine Anne (Lothmann) Applebee; ed. by private tuition. Director of athletics and gymnastics Bryn Mawr Coll.; introducer field hockey in U.S., 1901. Active in church work, settlement work, philanthropic work. Favors woman suffrage. Mem. Church of England. Recreations: Reading, studying and religious, social, philanthropic interests.

APPLEBY, Alice Montague (Mrs. D. C. Appleby), Mt Union, Huntingdon Co., Pa.

Born Shade Gap, Pa., Nov. 14, 1859; dau. Thomas and A. E. (Wilson) Montague (Revolutionary ancestry); ed. Milwood Acad., Shade Gap, Pa., and Chautauqua course (diploma of ten seals, 1892); m. Shade Gap, Pa., 1875, Capt. D. C. Appleby, one of the famous Bucktails, noted for bravery at Gettysburg and other battles. Interested in home and foreign missions, the W.C.T.U.


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54 (county sec. of Huntingdon Co.), and in all progressive Christian work; cor. sec. Christian Endeavor Soc, Teacher in Sunday-school, assisted in erecting Presbyterian Church. Favors woman suffrage. Author: Milnwood, In Peace and in War. Presbyterian. Progressive Republican and Prohibitionist. Recreations: Travels, concerts. Mem. Nat Soc. D.A.R. Club: New Century Guild (Philadelphia).

APPLEGATE, Mina W., Wellsburg, W.Va.

Born Brooke Co., W. Va.; dau. Hon. Louis and Margaret (Dodds) Applegate; grad. at Hollidaysburg (Pa.) Female Seminary, and a year's travel and study abroad with the Boston Univ. (fraternity Delta Tau Delta). Interested in matters of social progress, and has done much work for the Red Cross Society for the presentation of Intercolosic. Presented to the City of Wellsburg a handsome drinking fountain of pink granite and bronze—for both man and beasts; actively interested in Civic Betterment. State pres. of Woman's Nat. Rivers and Harbor Congress; mem. D.A.R. (historian of State of W. Va. Chapter). Presbyterian. Favors woman suffrage. Recreation: Horseback riding, motoring, dancing and playing tennis. Has traveled extensively at home and abroad. Pres. Woman's Club of Wellsburg; pres. Travelers' Club; mem. Fort Henry Club of the Daughters of the Revolution; vice-pres. Pan Handle State Federation of Woman's Clubs; mem. Coll. Alumnae Club of Wheeling, W. Va.; mem. Order of the Eastern Star.

APPLETON, L. Estelle, Kindergarten Training School, Fountain and Ionia Sts., N.W., Grand Rapids, Mich.

Teacher; b. Victory, Vt., Nov. 9, 1858; dau. George Ashley and Fanny Reed (Wooster) Appleton; grad. State Normal School, Randolph, Vt., '79; Oberlin Coll., B.L., '86, Ph.B. '90; Univ. of Chicago, Ph.M. '03, M.S. '01, Ph.D. '09; senior fellow Clark Univ., genetic psychology, 1908-09; research student, Columbia Univ., 1910-11, completing 17 years of study. Taught about five years in public schools of Vt., between 1875 and 1881, and over five years in Industrial Training School, Honolulu, H.I., between 1886 and 1895; supplied three months in Indian Training School, Santee Agency, Neb., 1889; three years principal city normal training classes, and instructor in psychology, methods and history of education, 1901-03; ass't School of Education, Chicago Univ., 1904-05; three terms summer Normal training work, 1899, 1905, 1908; director School of Education, Upper Iowa Univ., 1907-08; acting head dep't of education and sup't training school, Marshall Coll., 1909-10; acting head dep't of philosophy, Milwaukee-Downer Coll., Milwaukee, Wis., 1911-12; instructor in psychology and education in Kindergarten Training School, Grand Rapids, Wis., since 1912. Author: A Comparative Study of Play Activities of Adult Savages and Civilized Children— An Investigation of the Scientific Basis of Education, 1910; Play Activities as a Measure of Mental Development of Child and Race (The Child, Vol. 1), 1911; The Twentieth Century Crusade (Pedagogical Seminary, Vol. 16); also numerous shorter magazine and newspaper articles. Congregationalist. Progressive in politics. Mem. Nat. Educational Ass'n, Ass'n Collegiate Alumnae, Equal Suffrage Ass'n; mem. by invitation of Institut Solvay-Institut de Sociologie, an international organization for scientific research work in Brussels.

ARCHER, Sarah F. Fisher (Mrs. George Archer), 2323 W. Mission Av., Spokane, Wash.

Teacher, writer; b. Illinois; grad. Rockford (Ill.) Sem. (now college), '86; m. George Archer (died 1889); three children. Engaged in teaching at Hannibal, Mo., before marriage and resumed profession after her husband's death, becoming teacher of mathematics in the Spokane (Wash.) High School. Contributor of stories and poems to newspapers and magazines. Congregationalist.

ARCHIBALD, Edith Jessie (Mrs. Charles Archibald), 32 Inglis St., Halifax, Nova Scotia; country house, "Braeside," Whycocomagh, Nova Scotia.

Born St. John's, Newfoundland; dau. Sir E. M. Archibald, K.M.C.G., C.B. (Attorney-General of Newfoundland and later H.B.M. Consul General at N.Y., 1858-83), and Catherine (Richardson) Archibald; ed. London and N.Y.; m. 1874, Charles Archibald (mining engineer and capitalist). Active in various religious, philanthropic and patriotic movements; movement for establishing a children's hospital in Halifax, etc.; prominent as society leader in Halifax. Presbyterian. Past pres. Halifax Local Council of Women; mem. Nat. Council of Women; past pres. Ladies' Musical Club (was also its first pres.).

ARCHIBALD, Miss Mabel Evangeline, Chicacole, Madras Presidency, India.

Missionary; b. Bloomingdale, Ill., U.S.A.; dau. Rev. E. N. and Annie B. (Bradshaw) Archibald; grad. Acadia Univ. (Nova Scotia) B.A. '95, M.A. '06 (honors in elocution and English). Taught in a Canadian Ladies' Coll. for 2 years, went in 1897 to India, where she has since served as missionary. Baptist. Editor of Vivekavati, Telugu Monthly for Women. There are 30 million Telugus in South India. This is the only paper for women—it consists of 32 pages—is superbly printed by Christian Literature Soc. and well illustrated. Comprises such departments as Medical Household, Religious, Children's, etc. It is non-denominational—for Hindus as well as Christians. Believes in woman suffrage, but is opposed to all violent means to obtain it.

ARDEN, Agnes Ann Eagleson (Mrs. Edwin Arden), 60 W. Seventy-fifth St., N.Y. City.

Educated public schools; m. Edwin Arden, actor and playwright; one daughter: Mildred Hunter. Favors woman suffrage. Mem. N.Y. State Woman Suffrage Ass'n. Mem. Dickens Fellowship. Chairman of Com, on Drama, N.Y. City Fed. Women's Clubs; pres. Twelfth Night Club; mem. Post Parliament, West End Republican Club, Dixie Club, Professional Woman's Club.

ARENDS, Katharine, 251 West 97th St., N.Y. City.

Physician; b. Berlin, Germany, Jan. 24, 1871; dau. Ferdinand and Charlotte (Gumprecht) Arends; ed. Breslau, Berlin, Saxony and New York; grad. M.D. from N.Y. Med. Coll. and Hospital for Women, 1907; took Post-Graduate Hosp. med. course and special course in anaesthesia. Resident physician of Laura Franklin Free Hospital for Children and assistant anaesthetist in same. Mem. N.Y. Society of Anaethetists, Nat. Ass'n for Prevention of Tuberculosis, American Inst, of Homoepathy, N.Y. County Med. Soc., Dispensary of N.Y. Med. Coll. and Hospital for Women, Homoeopathic Med. Soc. of State of N.Y., clinical ass't N.Y. Ophthalmic Hospital. Presbyterian. Favors woman suffrage.

ARGO, Ella Butler (Mrs. George R. Argo), De Soto Apartments, Atlanta, Ga.

Journalist; b. Augusta, Ga.; dau, John and Oliver (Tarver) Evans; ed. private schools; Tubman High School of Augusta, Ga.; Mary Baldwin Seminary of Staunton, Va.; m. Augusta, Ga., June 23, 1898, George R. Argo; one son: Haralson Butler Argo. For some years associate editor of Augusta (Ga.) Herald; dramatic critic and contributor to magazines of short stories and special articles. Mem. D.A.R,, United Daughters of Confederacy. Baptist

ARMES, Ethel Marie, 1410 St Charles St, Birmingham, Ala.

Author, Journalist; b. Washington, D.C.; dau. Col. George Augustus Armes, U.S.A., and Lucy Hamilton (Kerr) Armes; ed. in private schools of Washington, D.C. Began newspaper work, 1899, on reportorial staff of Chicago Chronicle, also doing free lance work on other papers; mem. staff Washington Post, 1900-03; Birmingham (Ala.) Age-Herald, 1905-06; since leaving staff of Washington Post has done much syndicated newspaper and magazine work. Edited the Advance Magazine at Birmingham, 1906; studied and reported upon the history and resources of the Alabama mineral belt under the auspices of the Birmingham Chamber of Commerce, 1907-10; also investigated and reported upon the social conditions and problems of the Alabama coal fields for the Ala. Coal Operators' Ass'n. Writer on sociological features, on staff of the


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Rh News, 1913. Author: Midsummer in Whittier's Country; The Story of Coal and Iron in Alabama. Mem. Nat. Child Labor Com., Am. Ass'n for Labor Legislation, Birmingham Country Club, Boston Authors' Club.

ARMES, Marie Theodosia (Mrs. George Augustus Armes), 2649 Woodley Road, Washington, D.C.

Born St. Michaels, Md., Sept. 15, 1864; dau. Richard Henry Lee and Mathilda (Houghton) Atkinson; ed.: Bucknell Sem., Lewisburg, Pa.; School of Design for Women, Philadelphia; Acad, of Fine Arts, Philadelphia; N.Y. Univ. art course; m. Philadelphia, Dec. 24, 1910, George Augustus Armes, major U.S.A. (retired). Taught classes in art in N.Y. City and Philadelphia until marriage. Mem. Woman's National Federal Equality Ass'n. Baptist. President and founder D.C. Division of Southern League of Woman's Nat. Wilson and Marshall Organization (organized and in less than four months, had a membership of 200 members). Recreations: Music, playing the harp, embroidering. Cor. sec. Harmony Club of Washington, D.C.

ARMFIELD, Lucille (Mrs. F. Armfield), Monroe, N.C.

Born High Point, N.C, June 6, 1873; dau. Wyatt Jackson and Jennie (Britt) Armfield; ed. Salem (N.C.) Coll., A.B.; Guilford (N.C.) Coll., B.S.; graduate student Bryn Mawr Coll., Pa.; m. High Point, N.C, Oct. 25, 1905, Frank Armfield, lawyer; children: Blanche Britt, b. 1906; Frank, b. 1909; John Wyatt, b. 1911. Author: Songs from the Carolina Hills, 1902. Presbyterian. Pres. Civic League. Recreations: Whist, travel. Mem. Sorosis Club. Against woman suffrage.

ARMSTRONG, Agnes Maria, 32 Paradise Road, Northampton, Mass.

Librarian; b. Sunderland, Mass.; dau. J. Mason and Helen (Leach) Armstrong; grad. Smith Coll. A.B. 1900, Albany Normal Coll. Pd.B. '02. Ass't librarian Forbes Library, Northampton, Mass., 1903-05; John Crerar Library, Chicago, 1905-06; ass't librarian Rochester Theological Sem., 1906-07; Krauth Library, Mt. Airy, Philadelphia, 1907-09; Smith Coll. Library, 1909—. Congregationalist. Mem. Am. Library Ass'n. Recreation: European travel.

ARMSTRONG, Clairette Papin, Hillbourne Farms, Katonah, N.Y.

Born Memphis, Tenn., Apr. 15, 1886; dau. Dr. S. T. and Alice (Cobin) Armstrong; ed. Barnard Coll. D.A. '08, Columbia Univ. M.A. '09 (mem. Kappa Kappa Gamma). Interested in social betterment; mem. of the Woman's Auxiliary of the Bellevue Tuberculosis Clinic, Woman's Trade Union League, Collegiate Equal Suffrage Ass'n, Barnard Club. Recreations: Music (piano specially), athletics, tennis, squash, skating and riding. Episcopalian. Favors woman suffrage.

ARMSTRONG, Deila M. (Mrs. Charles H. Armstrong), The Rosslyn, Minneapolis, Minn.

Writer; b. Owatonna, Minn.: ed. public schools; Miss Farmer's School for Girls, and Minneapolis School of Music, Oratory and Dramatic Art; m. Charles H. Armstrong; children: Frank H., Ray G. Interested in research work. Editor Market Basket (club woman's magazine), Minneapolis. Mem. Writers' League, Minneapolis Soc. of Fine Arts; pres. Minn. Branch Nat. Art Soc.

ARMSTRONG, Eliza Dickson, 525 Shady Av., Pittsburgh, Pa.

Born Pittsburgh, Pa., Mar. 10, 1845; dau. Charles H. and Jane (Dickson) Armstrong; ed. Pittsburgh High School, classical course and higher mathematics. Mem. Club Welfare Com. of Twentieth Century Club; active worker in Consumers' League. Against woman suffrage; registrar of Pittsburgh Ass'n Opposed to Woman Suffrage. Episcopalian. Charter mem. and hon. pres. Consumers' League of Western Pennsylvania.

ARMSTRONG, Frances Louisa, 1628 Sixth Av., Fort Worth, Tex.

Born Columbus, Ga., Oct. 8, 1842; dau. Archibald Armstrong, M.D., and Louisa F. (Prosser) Armstrong: ed. country schools in Union Parish, La.; Minden (La.) Female Coll., Chautauqua Literary Scientific Circle; studied shorthand in Oswego, N.Y. Interested In W.C.T.U. work, missionary work (home and foreign), Anti-Tuberculosis Ass'n work, journalist work. Interested in Sunday-school work. Favors woman suffrage. Author: The Children of the Bible (Sunday-school book); To the Noon Rest (compilation of Mr. Stoddard's works), also stories for magazines and newspapers, and regular columns for 16 years of W.C.T.U. items; sometimes writer for Am. Women's League. Mem. Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Associate press sup't of Texas W.C.T.U. Prohibition Democrat. Mem. Tex. Woman's Press Ass'n, Anti-Tuberculosls Ass'n, missionary societies. Recreations: Reading, fancy work, picture shows; was mem. Chautauqua Circle nine years (graduated in class of '84).

ARMSTRONG, Gertrude Virginia Ludden (Mrs. C. D. Armstrong), 300 Lexington Av., Pittsburgh, Pa.

Born Oldtown, Me.; dau. Levi and Sara W. (Dudley) Ludden; ed. Mt. Holyoke Coll.; m. Nov. 19, 1885, Charles Dickey Armstrong; children: Charles Dudley, Dwight Ludden, Mary Martha. Director of Y.W.C.A., Pittsburgh; director in Pittsburgh Kindergarten Ass'n. Clubs: Woman's (Wilkinsburgh); Twentieth Century (Pittsburgh). Presbyterian.

ARMSTRONG, Grace Leonard (Mrs. John H, Armstrong), 5905 Hampton St., Pittsburgh, Pa.

Born Pittsburgh; dau. Hugh and Sarah Patterson (Canfield) Leonard; ed. Pittsburgh Central High School (Phi Kappa Pi); m. Pittsburgh, John Henry Armstrong; children: Grace Ethel, Robert Francis, Mary Margaret, Elsie Dorothy. Taught for eight years; wrote for The Critic, a Pittsburgh Sunday newspaper, for several years. Pres. Congress of Clubs of Western Pa. (76 clubs, 6,000 members); worthy matron of Martha Chapter, Order of the Eastern Star of Pa.; mem. Moral Efficiency Commission of 12 representative women and men of Pittsburgh appointed by the Mayor and is its first vice-pres.; mem. State Art Com., appointed by State Federation president. Mem. Ass'n for the Blind, Consumers' League of Pa.; past pres. of New Era Club of Western Pa.; past pres. of Wimodausis Club; founder of Ladies' Auxiliary of Oscalon Commandery, Knights Templar. United Presbyterian. Favors woman suffrage; mem. Equal Franchise Ass'n, Woman's Political Equality Club.

ARMSTRONG, Marion, 5538 Black St., Pittsburg, Pa.

Teacher; b. Elizabeth, Pa., Dec. 16, 1886; dau, James C and Anna (Stauffer) Armstrong; ed. private schools (Pittsburg) with honors, Cornell Univ., A.B. '07 (mem. Delta Gamma). Teacher of French in East Liberty Acad., Pittsburgh, Pa. Recreations: Tennis, dancing. Presbyterian.

ARMSTRONG, Mary Alice (Mrs. Samuel Chapman Armstrong), Hampton Institute, Hampton, Va.

Teacher; b. Lyman, N.H., Aug. 16, 1864; dau. Samuel P. and Jane E. (Kelsea) Ford; ed. Normal School, Plymouth, N.H.; Univ. of Mich., mem. Gamma Phi Beta; m. Montpelier, Vt., Sept, 10, 1890, Samuel Chapman Armstrong; children: Margaret Marshall, Daniel Williams. Business—summmer camp teacher. Interested in the advancement of the negro race and woman's welfare. Against woman suffrage. Undenominational in religion.

ARMSTRONG, Sydney (Mra. W. G. Smyth), 240 W. 49th St., N.Y. City.

Actress; b. Memphis, Tenn.; dau. A. T. Wells (dry goods merchant); ed. N.Y. City and later went West; m, N.Y. City, Apr. 19, 1897, W. G. Smyth, then manager of the William Collier and other theatrical companies. Had experience as amateur before making debut with a stock company touring Ill., as Esther Eccles in Caste; later with stock company at the Front St Theatre, Baltimore, playing roles that ranged from Lady Gay Spanker to Imogen; attracted the attention of Dion Boucicault, who engaged her to play Arte O'Neil in The Shaughraun; later


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56 included dual roles in Hoodman Blind, and leading r61es in The Still Alarm and The Burglar, and then under Charles Frohman as leading lady in stock company playing in Men and Women, and The Girl I Left Behind Me.; leading lady of the Empire Theatre Stock Co. from 1893 until marriage, when she retired from the stage.

ARMSTRONG, Zella, Chattanooga, Tenn.

Writer, publisher; b. Chattanooga, Tenn.; dau. John McMillan and Martha (Turnley) Armstrong. Pres Tenn. Woman's Press and Authors' Club; chairman Exec. Board Southern Woman Writers' League; editor and publisher The Lookout, a journal of Souhern society. Interested and active in social affairs, philanthropic matters and civic duties of women. Author: Purple and Fine Linen; The Vantage Ground of Truth. Clubs: Chattanooga Golf and Country, Kosmos, Scribblers. Presbyterian.

ARNOLD, Abby Noyes, 325 Adams St., North Abington, Mass.

Teacher; grad. Smith Coll., B.A. '92; Radcliffe Coll., student of Latin, Greek, English and pedagogy. M.A. '98. Teacher Attleboro (Mass.) High School, 1892-95; Abington (Mass.) High School, 1895-96; Boston Girls' High School since 1898.

ARNOLD, Alma C. (Mrs. C. D. Arnold), The Nevada Apartments, Broadway and Seventieth St.. N.Y. City.

Drugless physician; b. Hamburg, Germany, Dec. 9, 1871, dau. Frederick and Matilde (Jurgens) Cusian; grad. Privat Schule, Hamburg, Germany; widow by law of C. D. Arnold, of Cedar Rapids, Ia.; one daughter: Nina (now Mrs. James Lee Bost, Washington, D.C.). Graduate of Am. Coll. of Chiropractic, Cedar Rapids, Ia., has practiced drugless healing since 1903; originator and president of The Healtharium, Washington, D.C. As such was attacked by Am. Med. Ass'n and won medical freedom for District of Columbia in 197. Removed to N.Y. City, 1909. Favors equal suffrage. Recreations: Traveling, horseback riding. Mem. A.A.A.S., Woman's Press Club, Nat. First Aid Ass'n, Nat. Med. Freedom League, Anti-Vivisection League.

ARNOLD, Anna E., Cottonwood Falls, Kan.

Educator; b. Whiting, Kan.; dau. B. S. and Martha (Brammer) Arnold; ed. high school, State Normal, State Univ. Teacher in grades and high school; four times elected county sup't of schools. Favors woman suffrage. Author: Civics and Citizenship—the text in Civil Government that is adopted for use in all the common schools of the State of Kan. Mem. State Teachers and Pupils' Reading Circle Board, also Educational Legislative Commission; vice-pres. of the State Teachers' Ass'n. Mem. Women's Kansas Day Club.

ARNOLD, Edith Sarah, 6 Helen St., Plattsburgh, N.Y.

Teacher; b. Peru, Clinton Co., N.Y., June 1, 1876; dau. E. Stephen and Martha A. (Straight) Arnold; grad. Cornell Univ. A.B. '99. Teacher of Greek and German, Columbia High School, Columbia, Pa., 1908; teacher of Latin, Atlantic City High School, 1912. Mem. Sennightly Soc. of Cornell; mem. Woman's Club of Columbia, Pa., 1908-11 (resigned 1911); formerly a mem. Cornell Alumnae Club of N.Y. City. Mem. Methodist Episcopal Church. Does not favor woman suffrage.

ARNOLD, Elizabeth Maclay Tittle, 565 Sheridan Road, Winnetka, Ill.

Born Johnstown, Pa., Mar. 3, 1864; dau. John S. and Jane Findlay (Maclay) Tittle; ed. schools in Johnstown, Pa., and Vassar Coll.; m. Charles C. Arnold, Feb. 14, 1894. Spent early part of life in Johnstown, where she was born, but since her marriage her home has been in Winnetka, a suburb of Chicago. After Johnstown was destroyed by the flood, May 31, 1889, acted as chairman of the Red Cross Committee that distributed the supplies sent by the Red Cross Ass'n. Interested in the social settlements of Chicago; has been pres. Commons Woman's Club for 8 years; active in the work of humane societies, in church and philanthropic work generally, and woman's club work. Congregationalist. Mem. D.A.R., Anti-Cruelty Soc, Audubon Soc, Consumers' League, missionary societies, Chicago Woman's Club. Favors woman suffrage. Has written for magazines and newspapers.

ARNOLD, Mrs. Ellen M., Ashland. Mass.

Librarian; b. Revere, Mass.; dau. George C. and Charlotte Hadley Stowers; ed. in public schools of Everett, Mass., and also has taught most successfully in the Everett High School until her marriage; m. 1885, William J. Arnold, prominent business man, and lived in Kansas City, Mo., 8 years; his health failing, they returned to Massachusetts, where he died in 1905. Took private course in library training under expert librarian; took charge of the reorganized library in new Carnegie building at Ashland, Mass., in 1904. Gives school lectures and travel talks, having traveled extensively in U.S. and abroad. Unitarian. Mem. Order of the Eastern Star. Has successfully directed many choirs and ladies' glee clubs; formerly church singer; gives much time to the young singers wherever she may be helpful. An active and later an honorary member of the History Club of '82, Kansas City, Mo.; strongly interested in club work in Ashland, Mass.

ARNOLD, Grace Louise Russell (Mrs. Harry Bartley Arnold), 1584 Hawthorne Park, Columbus, O.

Graduate Smith, B.L. 1900; m. May 26, 1910, Harry Bartley Arnold. Teacher in N.Y. Collegiate Inst., 1906-08; ass't directress of the Art Students' Club in Paris, France, 1908-09.

ARNOLD, Julia Isabel, 115 Park St., Braintree, Mass.

Social worker, teacher; b. Massachusetts; grad. Smith Coll., B.L. '97; student of pedagogy, Brookline (Mass.) Training Class, 1900; Simmons Coll. School for Social Workers, 1908. Connected with Women's Educational and Industrial Union, Boston, 1906-07, and ass't director of Appointment Bureau until 1910; since 1910 teacher of Latin in Miss McClintock's School, Boston. Mem. Ass'n of Collegiate Alumnae.

ARNOLD, Kate Lewis (Mrs. William H. Arnold), Texarkana, Ark.

Born Calhoun, Ark., Dec. 9, 1887; dau. Peter H. and Mary (Clay) Lewis, of Bellview, Mo.; ed. Magnolia, Ark., Peabody Coll., Nashville, Tenn., 1900-02, and afterward teacher in Texarkana public schools; m. Texarkana, Feb. 17, 1903, William Hendrick Arnold; one son, Richard Lewis Arnold, b. Dec 30, 1906. Active in the social and club life of Texarkana; pres. Wednesday Music Club; pres. Texarkana Kindergarten Ass'n.

ARNOLD, Sarah Louise, Newton Centre, Mass.

Dean Simmons College, lecturer; b. North Abington, Mass.; dau. Jonathan and Abigail (Noyes) Arnold; ed. public schools; grad, Mass. State Normal (Bridgewater); Tufts Coll., A.M. '02. Taught in schools of Mass., Pa. and other States; became principal of Teachers' Training School at Saratoga Springs, N.Y., afterward supervisor of schools at Minneapolis seven years, and Boston seven years; since 1903 dean of Simmons Coll., Boston. Lecturer; mem. Advisory Com. on Education of Gen. Fed. of Women's Clubs; mem. Board of Visitors to Jackson Coll. of Tufts Univ. Author: Waymarks for Teachers; Stepping Stones to Literature; Reading—How to Teach It; The Mother Tongue (in collaboration with George L. Kittredge).

ARNOLD, Winifred, Wyoming, N.Y.

Writer, educator; b. Wyoming, N.Y.; dau. Osman L. C. and Emma (Keith) Arnold; grad. B.M.C. Durfee High School, Fall River, Mass. (valedictorian); grad. Vassar '96 (commencement speaker—Phi Beta Kappa), held fellowship in modern languages at Vassar '96-97; been teacher at St. Mary's School, Garden City, N.Y., and Columbia School, Rochester, N.Y.; essay critic, Rochester Univ. Author: Mis' Bassett's Matrimony Bureau, 1912; writer of magazine stories, articles and poems. Presbyterian. Mem. Women's Educational and Industrial Union, Rochester,


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Rh College Woman's Club, Rochester. Recreations: Tennis, automobiling and horseback riding.

ARTHUR, Clara B., 96 Boston Boulevard, Detroit, Mich.

Social welfare worker; b. St. John, N.B., 1859; dau. Alex. Nevers and Martha Hamm (Lewis) Peters; ed. St. John and Sheffield Acad., Frederickton, N.B.; m. St. John, N.B., Sept. 20, 1882, James Arthur, of Montreal; children: Kenneth Alexander, Nathalie, Muriel. Founder Detroit Playgrounds; chairman Playground and Public Bath Committee of the Detroit Federation of Women's Clubs; active in child labor work, serving on many committees to promote welfare of children. First all-year-round public bathhouse in Detroit named for her, in recognition of efforts to establish such in city, "The Clara." Writes short articles and newspaper contributions on philanthropic subjects; issued a pamphlet entitled "Progress Michigan Women." Mem. Detroit Anti-Tuberculosis Soc. (now sec); mem. Board Directors, Tuberculosis Sanitorium, Detroit; charter mem. Twentieth Century Club; mem. Equal Suffrage Club. Has worked in suffrage organizations 27 years; pres. Detroit Suffrage Club, seven years; vice-pres. for seven years, and several years and now pres. Michigan Equal Suffrage Ass'n.

ARTHUR, Mrs. Daniel V. — see Cahill, Marie.

ARTHUR, Helen, office 220 Broadway, N.Y. City.

Lawyer; b. Lancaster, Wis., Mar. 29, 1879; dau. Lemuel John and Mary Emma (Ziegler) Arthur; grad. Evanston (Ill.) Township High School; m. 1897; mem. Northwestern Univ. class of '01, grad. N.Y. Univ. Law School LL.B. '01 (mem. Zeta Beta Pi, high school sorority, and Alpha Omicron Pi, Univ. sorority). Admitted to practice at N.Y. Bar in 1902. Director of the Research Dep't of Woman's Municipal League, 1906-07. Mem. Woman's Trade Union League, Twelfth Night Club, Northwestern Univ. Alumnae, N.Y. State Child Labor Committee, Coll. Equal Suffrage League. Dramatic editor National Magazine; editor To Dragma, official publication of Alpha Omicron Pi.

ASH, Josephine Wharton (Mrs. Percy Ash), 1734 Q St., Washington, D.C.

Born Philadelphia, Pa.; dau. Charles and Margaretta (Craig) Barrington; ed. private schools in Philadelphia; m. Philadelphia, June 1, 1901, Percy Ash. Episcopalian. Favors woman suffrage.

ASHBAUGH, Delphine Dodge (Mrs. R. H. Ashbaugh), 43 Boston Boulevard, Detroit, Mich.

Born Niles, Mich., Feb. 6, 1868; dau. Daniel Rugg and Maria Louise (Casto) Dodge; ed. high school and classical post-graduate course, Univ. of Mich.; m. Detroit, Feb. 4, 1892, R. Henry Ashbaugh. Active in philanthropic, social and New Thought religious interests. Favors woman suffrage. Editor The Club Woman; writer and publisher of verse and prose. Methodist. Pres. Detroit Federation of Women's Clubs; recording sec. Mich. State Federation of Women's Clubs; pres. Detroit Woman's Press Club; mem. Michigan Authors' Ass'n, Michigan Woman's Press Ass'n, and Twentieth Century and Detroit Review Clubs.

ASHCRAFT, Mary Cosby Lewis (Mrs. William D. Ashcraft), Brandenburg, Ky.

Born Brandenburg ,Ky., .Feb. 24, 1878; dau. James William Lewis (lawyer) and Elizabeth (Fairleigh) Lewis; ed. private schools; Potter Coll. (female coll.). Bowling Green, Ky., 1895-97; m. Brandenburg, Dec. 4, 1908, William D. Ashcraft. Active in all church work, such as Sunday-school and local charities. Interested in civic improvement. Favors woman suffrage. Methodist. Democrat. Mem. and treas. Ladies' Foreign Missionary Soc. and Ladies' Aid Soc. Teacher of literary dept (former pres. two years, now vice-pres.) Woman's Club of Brandenburg.

ASHCROFT, Harriet Elizabeth (Mrs. John Innie Ashcroft), Mackay Institute for Protestant Deaf Mutes, Notre Dame-de-Grace, Montreal, Can.

Teacher of deaf mutes; b. County Dublin, Ireland; dau. John Barrett McGann; came from Ireland to Canada with parents; m. July, 1889, John Innie Ashcroft, then principal of School for the Deaf of British Columbia, which he founded (died 1891). Her father founded the first institution for the deaf and dumb in Ontario, and later founded the Protestant School for the Deaf in Quebec, out of which the present Mackay Inst. for Protestant Deaf Mutes and the Blind (Montreal) was developed. She has been a teacher of the deaf from early girlhood, and in 1881 was appointed joint sup't with Mr. Ashcroft of the Mackay Inst., and since his death has been prin. of the institute, in which she has adopted the system of teaching visible speech invented by Prof. Alexander Melville Bell.

ASHENFELTER, Nettie Bennett (Mrs. Singleton M. Ashenfelter), Silver City, N.Mex.

Born Rock Prairie, Wis., July 21, 1852; dau. Cornelius and Anna Florella (Ross) Bennett; ed. Dubuque (Ia.) public and high schools; m. Silver City, N.Mex.. Nov. 21, 1872, Singleton Mercer Ashenfelter; children: Leoline (Mrs. Walton), Violetta Bertha (Mrs. Wilson), Anna Bennett (Mrs. Brayton). State vice-regent of D.A.R., State director of Children of the American Revolution; State promoter of Daughters of 1812 of New Mexico. Mem. Woman's Club of Silver City, N.Mex. (federated); mem. nat. committees of D.A.R.. for Prevention of Desecration of Flag, Preservation of Historic Spots, Conservation and others. Christian Scientist. Democrat.

ASHFORD, Hallie Quillian (Mrs. W. H. Ashford), Walkinsville, Ga.

Born Mossy Creek, Ga., May 24, 1879; dau. Rev. George K. and Ella (Smith) Quillian; grad. with first honor La Grange Female Coll.. A.B. '96; m. Maxerfs, Ga., Mar. 4, 1897, W. H. Ashford; children: Moselle Catharine, William H. Jr., George Wordson. Organized local Civic Club, local chapter United Daughters of Confederacy; pres. Mothers' and Teachers' Cooperative Club; active worker in church and Sunday-school; mem. W.C.T.U., Woman's Foreign Missionary Soc, Home Mission and Parsonage Aid societies. Methodist. Recreations: Walking, driving, reading, painting. Mem. Phoenix Club.

ASHHURST, Sarah Wayne (The Cathedral School), Paseo 137, Vedado, Havana, Cuba,

Missionary teacher; b. Philadelphia, Nov. 29, 1874; dau. John and Sarah Stokes (Wayne) Ashhurst; ed. the Agnes Irwin School, Philadelphia 1883-92. Appointed by the Board of Missions of the Protestant Episcopal Church for work in Cuba, Jan., 1912; taught in Academia Inglesa, Santiago, Cuba, until June, then transferred to Havana, to the Cathedral School. Teacher of primary class in the Cathedral Sunday-school. Havana; mem. of the Cathedral choir. Havana. Protestant Episcopal Church. Mem. the Woman's Auxiliary of P.E. Church, the Guild of the Church of the Holy Trinity, Philadelphia; hon. mem. of the Board of Managers of the Home for the Homeless. Philadelphia. Mem. the College Club, Philadelphia.

ASHLEY, Jessie, 60 W. 89th St. (office, 27 Cedar St.), N.Y. City.

Lawyer; b. N.Y. City; dau. Ossian D. and Harriet A. (Nash) Ashley; ed. private schools of New York, Berlin. Germany. N.Y. Univ. Law School, LL.M. (mem. Alpha Omicron Pi). Pres. Collegiate Equal Suffrage League, 2 years; treas. Nat. Am. Woman Suffrage Ass'n; mem. Socialist Party, N.Y. County Lawyers' Ass'n, Intercollegiate Socialist Soc, Industrial Workers of the World, Am. Socialist Soc., Woman's Trade Union League, Am. Soc for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, Women Lawyers' Club; lecturer in Woman's Law Class, N.Y. Univ.

ASHLEY, Susan Riley (Mrs. Eli M. Ashley), care of F. P. Ashley, 1159 Corona St., Denver. Colo.

Born St. Mary's. O., May 1, 1840; dau. Hon. James W. and Susan (Ellis) Riley; ed. Ohio public schools; m. Celina, O., Oct. 15, 1861, Eli M. Ashley, of Toledo, O.; children: Franklin Riley, b. 1868; Ralph Earle, b. 1879. Was a pioneer in Colorado, went to Denver; has taken active part in all her civic interests, and is especially


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POETRY

"The Luzumiyat," a Translation of Quatrains from the Work of the Arab Poet-Philosopher, Abu'l-Ala. Second Edition.

A Chant of Mystics and Other Poems.

PROSE

The Descent of Bolshevism.

The Book of Khalid.


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58 in educational and philanthropic activities. Favors woman suffrage; mem. Colo. Equal Suffrage Ass'n from its organization; has conducted parliamentary classes. Has written for newspapers and a few magazine articles and club papers. Congregationalism Republican. Was an active factor in establishing the Orphans' Home of Denver; also the Colo. Home for Dependent Children; mem. W.C.T.U., D.A.R., Order Eastern Star. Charter mem. Denver Fortnightly Club, of Deutsche Damen and of Woman's Club of Denver; mem. Sevigne Club and The Larks. Was first pres. of Colo. Fed. Women's Clubs; chairman of correspondence for Gen. Fed. Women's Clubs; vice-pres. of Lady Managers of World's Columbian Exposition and chief of Woman's Dep't of Colorado World's Fair Board.

ASKEW, Elisabeth, 180 Bay Shore Boulevard, Tampa, Fla.

Born Wheeling, W.Va.; dau. Thomas Evans and Katherine (Burris) Askew; ed. St. Paul, Minn., private and high schools, supplemented by Univ. extension correspondence courses. Sec. and chairman Publicity Com. of the Tampa Civic Ass'n; mem. Hillsborough Co. Humane Soc, Am. Woman's Republic, Florida Fed. of Women's Clubs. Recreations: Country life, golf, walking. Favors woman suffrage.

ASKWIG, Jenny Keogh (Mrs. Ed. J. Askwig), Oakland, Neb.

Born Chicago, 1866; dau. John J. and Anna (Anderson) Keogh; ed. Chicago public schools; m. Oakland, Neb., 1888, Edward J. Askwig. Sec. Order Eastern Star, treas. Rebekah's, Royal Achates. Pres. Oakland Woman's Club. Favors woman suffrage.

ASPINWALL, Alicia Stuart (Mrs. Thomas Aspinwall), 14 Hawthorne Road, Brookline, Mass.

Born in Mass.; m. Thomas Aspinwall; children: Thomas Gardner, Philip Channing. Author: Short Stories for Short People; Echo Maid and Other Stories; Marie de Rozel; The Can You Believe Me Stories. Unitarian.

ASPLUND, Julia Duncan Brown (Mrs. R. F. Asplund), 144 Marcy St., Santa Fe, N.Mex.

Born Palmyra, Mo., Oct. 6, 1875; dau. Rev. Duncan and Martha (Lewis) Brown; ed. Tarkio Coll., A.B. '95; Drexel Library School, '01; m. Mexico City, Mexico, Aug. 3, 1905, Rupert F. Asplund; one daughter: Carolyn Elizabeth. Before marriage was professional librarian; instructor in Drexel Inst. Library School, 1901-03; librarian, Univ. of New Mexico, 1903-05. Interested in libraries and work for women and children; chairman Library Com. N.Mex. State Fed. of Women's Clubs; chairman for N.Mex. of Com. on Welfare of Women and Children; mem. D.A.R. Ladies' Com. N.Mex. Museum, Ladies' Advisory Board N.Mex. Historical Soc, Com. of Management Santa Fe Public Library. Associate editor of the N.Mex. Journal of Education, of which her husband is editor and publisher. Mem. D.A.R. Mem. Woman's Board of Trade, Fifteen Club, Woman's Club. Favors woman suffrage.

ASTON, Mrs. Samuel, Lebanon, Va.

Born Tazewell, Va., Jan., 1873; dau. J. D. and Margaret (Peery) Alexander; ed. Mary Baldwin Sem., Staunton, Va.; m. Tazewell, Va., June 8, 1898, Samuel Aston; children: Margaret, b. June 11, 1899; Ella Dickenson, b. Mar. 4, 1903. Presbyterian. Pres. Woman's Club of Lebanon, Va.

ATEN, Mae E. Greene (Mrs. W. H. Aten), 71 Gates Av., Brooklyn, N.Y.

Born Norwich, Conn.; dau. James Cooper and Almira S. (Delancy) Greene; m. N.Y. City, Sept. 10, 1884, William H. Aten, M.D.; children: Erna Adele (Mrs. H. J. Titus Jr.), Kenneth Mills, Courtenay Nixon. Favors woman suffrage; mem. Wilson Nat. Woman's Party, N.Y. City; Eleventh Assembly Dist. Woman's Suffrage Party, Brooklyn, N.Y. Episcopalian. Pres. Cameo branch Internat. Sunshine Soc, Brooklyn; Daughters of the Revolution. Clubs: Century Theatre, Knickerbocker Relief, Rainy Day, Government, City and State Fed.

ATHERTON, Caroline Ober Stone (Mrs. Edward H. Atherton), 82 Ruthven St., Roxbury, Mass.

Teacher; b. Lynn, Mass., Sept 11, 1863; dau. Charles G. and Eleanor O. (Knowlton) Stone; ed. Lynn public schools, Boston Univ., A.B., A.M.; commencement speaker (mem. Kappa Kappa Gamma); m. Lynn, July 20, 1892, Edward H. Atherton. Non-resident worker at South End House; mem. Board of Trustees of Children's Institutions Dep't of Boston; mem. Board of Roxbury Neighborhood House; official visitor at Boston Univ.; New England vice-pres. of Nat. Alliance of Unitarian Women; sec. of Board of the Tuckerman School for Parish Workers; vice-pres. Social Service Council of Unitarian Women. Author: Beginners' Greek Book (with Clarence W. Gleason); chapter on Child of the Immigrant, in Americans in Process (with Mrs. E. Y. Rutan). Unitarian. Mem. Phi Beta Kappa, Ass'n of Collegiate Alumnae, Mass. Soc. for the Univ. Education of Women. Mem. Women in Council, Roxbury; College Club (Boston), State Fed. Com. on Industrial and Social Conditions, 1884 Club of Lynn. Taught in Roxbury Latin School till marriage; has written sundry papers and addresses on educational and philanthropic subjects.

ATHERTON, Ella Blaylock (Mrs. Henry B. Atherton), Fairmount Heights, Nashua, N.H.

Physician and surgeon; b. Ulverston, Lancashire, England, Jan. 4, 1860; dau. William and Margaret (Schollick) Blaylock; ed. Georgeville Acad., private tutors and grad. McGill Univ., Montreal, 1887; Queen's Univ. Med. School, M.D. '87 (Kingston, Ont.); m. Concord, N.H., 1898, Capt. Henry B. Atherton, LL.B.; children: Blaylock, b. Oct 6, 1900; Ives Atherton, b. Feb. 25, 1903. Demonstrator of anatomy two years at med. school, Kingston; was first woman in the Province of Quebec to get a Canadian diploma in medicine; first woman admitted to medical society in State of Vt.; first to hold office of pres. of a local medical society in N.H.; first woman to do abdominal surgery in N.H. Mem. Am. Med. Ass'n, N.H. Surgical Club, N.H. Med. Soc, Hillsboro County Med. Soc; was mem. of Nashua Emergency Hospital Ass'n and of Nashua Home for Aged Women; charter mem. Woman's Auxiliary of Y.M.C.A. Favors woman suffrage; mem. N.H. Woman Suffrage Soc. Episcopalian. Mem. Y.W.C.A., Women's Auxiliary of the Church of Good Shepherd. Recreation: Motoring. Mem. Fortnightly Club.

ATHERTON, Gertrude Franklin (care of Macmillan Co.), 64 Fifth Av., N.Y. City.

Author; b. San Francisco, Cal.; dau. Thomas L. and Gertrude (Franklin) Horn; grandniece of Benjamin Franklin; ed. by private schools and teachers; also attended St. Mary's Hall, Benicia, Cal., and Sayre Inst., Lexington, Ky.; m. San Jose, Cal., George Henry Bowen Atherton (now deceased); one daughter: Muriel Florence Russell. Lives much of the time abroad, her travels extending over the most of Europe, the West Indies and North America. Life mem. Am. Historical Ass'n and of Authors' Soc. of London, Eng.; honorary mem. of several clubs in San Francisco; mem. Ladies' Athenaeum, Writers' Club of London, Touring Club de France. Books: Before the Gringo Came, 1892; The Doomswoman, 1892; A Whirl Asunder, 1895; Patience Sparhawk and Her Times, 1897; His Fortunate Grace, 1897; American Wives and English Husbands, 1898; Senator North, 1900; The Californians, 1898; A Daughter of the Vine, 1899; The Valiant Runaway, 1899; The Aristocrats, 1901; The Conqueror, 1902; The Splendid Idle Forties (revised and enlarged edition of Before the Gringo Came), 1902; A Few of Hamilton's Letters, 1903; Rulers of Kings, 1904; The Bell in the Fog, 1905; Mrs. Pendleton's Four-in-Hand, 1905; The Traveling Thirds, 1905; Resanov, 1906; Ancestors, 1907; The Gorgeous Isle, 1908; Tower Ivory, 1910 Julia France and Her Times, 1911.

ATHERTON, Melanie (Mrs. Thomas H. Atherton), 36 West River St., Wilkes-Barre, Pa.

Born Feb. 5, 1857; dau. N. G. Parke (D.D.) and Ann Elizabeth (Gildersleeve) Parke; ed. Miss Porter's School, Farmington, Conn.; m. Pittston, Pa., Oct. 7. 1880. Thomas H. Atherton: children:


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Rh Thomas Henry Jr., Louise, Melanie, Sarah, Elizabeth, Eleanor. Pres. of Mission Soc. of First Presbyterian Church; mem. boards of Old Ladies' Home and Y.W.C.A., and other religious and philanthropic organizations. Favors woman suffrage. Recreations: Motoring, travel.

ATKINS, Mrs. Albert L., Dexter, Me.

Born Ripley, Me., Nov. 27, 1865; dau. Richard Nutter Jr. and Lucy Ann (Tripp) Nutter: ed. Dexter High School, Farmington (Me.) State Normal School; m. Dexter, Me., Oct. 27, 1890, Albert Lewis Atkins; one daughter: Attalena Atkins. Cor. sec. of Me. Fed. of Women's Clubs. Congregrationalist. Mem. Order of Eastern Star, Woman's Literary Club, Sunshine Club.

ATKINSON, Alice Minerva, Holicong, Bucks County, Pa.

Historical writer; b. Holicong, Pa.; grad. Swarthmore Coll., A.B. '88; Cornell Univ., A.B. '89; Univ. of Pa., A.M. '93, Ph.D. '95. Author: European Beginnings of American History; An Introduction to the History of the United States, 1912.

ATKINSON, Dorothy Bridgman (Mrs. Frederick G. Atkinson), 308 Ridgewood Av., Minneapolis, Minn.

Born St. Paul, Minn., June 22, 1890; dau. George H. and Mary B. (Elliott) Bridgeman; ed. Wellesley College, B.A. '10 (Phi Sigma); m. Minneapolis, Minn., April 18, 1911, Frederick G. Atkinson: one daughter: Mary Elliott, b. 1912. Against woman suffrage.

ATKINSON, Eleanor, 4939 Vincennes Av., Chicago, Ill.

Writer; b. Rensselaer, Ind.; dau. Isaac M. and Margaret (Smith) Stackhouse; ed. Indianapolis Normal Training School; m. Indianapolis, Ind., Mar. 14, 1891, Francis Blake Atkinson; children: Dorothy Blake, 1892; Frances Eleanor, 1899. Entered newspaper work 1887, writing under pen name of Nora Marks on Chicago Tribune. After marriage special and syndicate work. Editor The Little Chronicle (current events weekly for use of schools) 1900-07; then in magazine and book work. Author: Mam'zelle Fifine (historical novel), 1903; The Boyhood of Lincoln, 1908; Lincoln's Love Story, 1909; The Story of Chicago, 1910; Vol. V, Students Ref. Work, 1911; Greyfriars Bobby, 1912; A Loyal Love, 1912. Mem. Chicago Historical Society, Lincoln Fellowship of N.Y. City. Unitarian. Thinks women should vote, but not actively interested.

'''ATKINSON. Elizabeth Bispham Page''' (Mrs. Robert Whitman Atkinson), Heath Hill, Brookline, Mass.

Born Philadelphia; dau. Edward Augustus and Josephine Augusta (Bispham) Page; ed. Philadelphia; m. Philadelphia, 1904, Robert Whitman Atkinson; children: Alice Tucker, Eliot Heath, Samuel Greenleaf. Occasional contributor to periodicals. Episcopalian.

ATKINSON, Florence Lewis (Mrs. Robert Atkinson), The Buckingham, St. Louis, Mo.

Born St. Louis; dau. Judge Edward A. and Parthenia (Bransford) Lewis; ed. Lindenwood Coll., Mo.; m. Robert Atkinson; one son: Robert Lewis Atkinson. Favors woman suffrage. Pres. Mo. Equal Suffrage Ass'n; vice-pres. St. Louis Equal Suffrage League. Episcopalian. Pres. Wednesday Club of St Louis (literary). Prominent in social, musical and literary activities.

ATWATER, Adeline Lobdell (Mrs. Henry Atwater). Highland Park, Ill.

Born Chicago, 1887; dau. Edwin Lyman and Anne (Philpot) Lobdeli; ed. Dearborn Sem., Chicago; Mt. Vernon Sem., Washington, D.C.; m. Chicago, Mar. 29, 1910, Henry Atwater; children: Edith, Barbara Jane. Pres. Maternity Circle of Hahnemann Hospital, Chicago; interested in Lincoln Centre and Frederick Douglass Centre, Chicago. Club: Highland Park Woman's. Recreations: Riding, swimming, dancing, golf, tennis. Unitarian. Favors woman suffrage.

ATWATER, Caroline Swift (Mrs. E. S. Atwater), Poughkeepsie, N.Y.

Born Poughkeepsie, N.Y., 1857; dau. Charles W. and Mary (Messier) Swift; ed. by governess and in private schools; grad. Vassar Coll., A.B. '77 (commencement salutatory address; Phi Beta Kappa); m. 1880, Edward S. Atwater; children: Morton, Lucy Lovell, Eliot, Evelyn. Pres. Orphan Home; vice-pres. Associated Charities; director of Woman's Exchange and Day Nursery; ex-president Vassar Alumnae Association; ex-regent of Mahwenawasigh Chapter D.A.R. Against all but limited suffrage for men and women. Mem. Women's University Club (N.Y. City). Donor of Swift Memorial Infirmary to Vassar Coll., in memory of her father, who a charter trustee.

ATWATER, Helen Woodard, 226 Washington St., Middletown, Conn.

Nutrition Investigator; b. Somervllle, Mass., May 29, 1876; dau. Prof. Wilbur Olin Atwater (distinguished chemist) and Marcia (Woodard) Atwatur; ed. at schools in America and Europe and at Smith Coll. B.L. '97. Has been connected with the nutrition investigations of the Office of Experiment Stations of the U.S. Dep't of Agriculture, first at Middletown, Conn., and later at Washington, D.C; assisting especially in editorial work. Author of Farmers' Bulletin, U.S. Dep't of Agriculture: Bread and Breadmaking; Poultry as Food; The Principles of Food and Nutrition (in collaboration with Prof. W. D. Atwater), also occasional articles in periodicals. Congregationalist. Mem. Home Economics Ass'n, Smith Coll. Alumnae Ass'n, College Club (Boston), and various social organizations at Middletown, Conn. Identified with various forms of philanthropic work, such as hospital aid, local civic improvement. Consumers' League, etc.; also church work and literary clubs.

ATWOOD, Euna Clum, 15 Gramercy Park, N.Y. City; winter, Southport, N.C.

Editor; b. Troy, N.Y., June 3, 1856; dau. John Henry and Mary Andrus (Belding) Clum; ed. private schools and boarding schools, and six months in Lawrence Univ., Appleton, Wis.; m. Chicago, Ill., 1872, R. F. M. Atwood. Spends much of time in North Carolina, where she has land and other interests. Interested in helping out in the educational problem of children in North Carolina and other States. Editor and half owner of the Southport News, Southport, N.C. Favors woman suffrage, Democrat in politics (has voted in West). Mem. Nat. Arts Club and Forum Club (N.Y. City), Nat. Soc. of Patriotic Women of America, Woman's Welfare Dep't of Nat. Civic Federation, Woman's Democratic Club of N.Y. City.

ATWOOD, Gertrude Pearson (Mrs. William F. Atwood), 85 Montgomery St., Bangor, Me.

Born Bradford, Me., May 17, 1875; dau. Nathaniel and Ella Alwilda (Smith) Pearson; direct descendant on paternal side of John Robinson, the Puritan divine, who incited the Pilgrims to come to America; grandniece, on maternal side, of Lot M. and Anson Peasley Morrill, both former Governors of Maine; ed. in schools of Bradford and Bangor and by private teachers; m. Bangor, Me., Dec. 24, 1900, William Francis Atwood; one son: William Francis Atwood, Jr., b. Dec. 29, 1910. Pres. Nineteenth Century Club of Bangor, 1906-09; v.-p. Maine Fed. of Women's Clubs, 1911-12; v.-p. Maine Peace Soc., 1912—. Director Penobscot (Me.) Chapter Red Cross Soc., 1910-12. Mem. Executive Committee of Maine Com. of Department of School Patrons of Nat. Education Ass'n. Sec. Good Samaritan Home Ass'n (State charitable institution for wayward girls); sec. Bangor Anti-Tuberculosls Ass'n, and mem. Board of Directors of Association's Clinic. Mem. Board of Directors of Nineteenth Century Club, Bangor, 1912-13. Congregationalist. Favors restricted suffrage.

ATWOOD, Mary Elizabeth (Mrs. Clarence L. Atwood), St. Cloud, Minn.

University extension lecturer; b. Owatonna, Minn.; dau. C. S. and Mary Elizabeth Crandall; grad. Pillsbury Acad., 1882; attended Cornell Univ.; m. Owatonna, Minn., 1890, Clarence L. Atwood, of St. Cloud, Minn.; children: Marjorie Helen, Crandall Clarence, Allen Albert, Frederick Charles. Has been mem. of School Board and Library Board. Auditor State Federation of Women's Clubs, and chairman of its oommittees


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60 on Education, Program and Civics. Lecturer in Univ. Extension for Univ. of Minn. Pres. and holder of many offices locally in clubs; favors woman suffrage. Unitarian (treas. Unity Church, St. Cloud, Minn.). Mem. St. Cloud Health and Hygiene League, State Anti-Tuberculosis Board, St. Cloud Reading-Room Soc, Drama League of America. Recreation: Motoring, travel.

ATWOOD, Maud Smith (Mrs. Harry F. Atwood), 7221 Yale Av., Chicago, Ill.

Born Fox Lake, Wis., 1879; dau. Dr. J. T. and Catherine (Purdy) Smith (niece of former Gov. William B. Smith of Wis.); ed. Downer Coll., Fox Lake, Wis.; Ill. State Normal Univ., Bloomington, Ill.; m. Fox Lake, Wis., Aug. 23, 1905, Harry F. Atwood; one daughter, b. 1906. Before marriage taught five years in Morgan Park, Ill. Served as pres. of Morgan Park Woman's Club, an organization active in philanthropy and civics; three years mem. of Board of Education of Morgan Park; vice-pres. Third Congressional Dis't Fed. of Women's Clubs. Recreations: Woman's clubs. Baptist. Favors woman suffrage; mem. of several of Chicago equal suffrage organizations.

AUER, Clara Meltzer, 13 W. 121st St., N.Y. City.

Physician; b. Russia, Oct. 15, 1874; dau. Samuel James and Olga S. (Levitt) Meltzer; ed. public schools of N.Y. City, Barnard Coll. A.B. '96, John Hopkins Univ. Med. School M.D. 1900; m. Dr. John Auer; children, James and Helen. Research Scholar Rockefeller Inst, for Medical Research, 1901-03; ophthalmologist to the Harlem Hospital Dispensary, 1901-03; clinical ass't and late ass't surgeon at the N.Y. Eye and Ear Infirmary, 1901-10; ophthalmologist to the N.Y. Infirmary for Women and Children, 1908. Has published several articles on medical topics; mem. Harlem Med. Ass'n, N.Y. State and County Med. Soc., Women's Med. Soc. of N.Y. State. Recreation: Music. Favors woman suffrage, but not active.

AUGSBURY, Mary Ellis (Mrs. Willard S. Augsbury), Antwerp, N.Y.

State Regent D.A.R.; b. Antwerp, N.Y.; dau. John D. and Mary J. (Buell) Ellis; ed. Ives Sem., Antwerp, and Vassar Coll.; m. Antwerp, Sept. 12, 1893, Willard S. Augsbury. Active in patriotic organizations; mem. Nat. Soc. Patriotic Women of America and Nat. Soc. Daughters of Am. Revolution. Mem. Saturday Club, Antwerp, N.Y. Congregationalist.

AUSTEN, Ellen Munroe (Mrs. Peter Townsend Austen), 649 East 19th St., Brooklyn, N.Y.

Born N.Y. City, May 13, 1855; dau. Thomas and Ellen (Middleton) Munroe; ed. in Anna C. Brackett's School, N.Y. City; m. Staten Island, N.Y., Dec. 25, 1878, Peter Townsend Austen, distinguished chemist, who died in 1907; children: William Thomas, Oswald Townsend, Elizabeth Patty. Mem. Daughters of the Revolution and Nat. Soc. of New England Women.

AUSTIN, Caroline Sprague, Merriam Park Station, St, Paul; summer: Mahtomedi, Minn.

Teacher, lecturer; b. East Jaffrey, N.H., July 29, 1863; dau. Rev. Franklin D. and Caroline F. (Sprague) Austin; is a descendant of Mayflower Pilgrims; ed. at home, at Nashua (N.H.) High School and at Smith Coll., B.A. '88. Has been teaching in St. Paul Central High School from fall of 1888. Has served on many committees for Central High School, High School Teachers' Club. Has lectured at Y.W.C.A.; read papers before St. Paul Inst.; spoken at settlement meeting of the City Club, etc. Has led Cosmopolitan Club several years, also St. Anthony Park Club (literature division) one year. Has written articles for Primary Education, etc. Congregationalist. Mem. two church societies; Ass'n Coll. Alumnae (pres. 1910-11), City Club, New Century Club. Recreations: Those incident to life at White Bear Lake five months of the year; in winter, theater, symphony concerts and various social activities. Believes woman suffrage to be inevitable in course of time.

AUSTIN, Laura Osborne (Mrs. Louis W. Austin), 3136 Newark St., Cleveland Park, Washington, D.C.

Born McGregor, Ia.; dau. Willis L. and Julia (Colman) Osborne; ed. public schools LaCrosse, Wis.; Univ. of Wis. A.B. '97 (Kappa Alpha Theta); m. Aug. 16, 1898, Louis Winslow Austin. Interested in philanthropic work, particularly in the Girls' Friendly Soc. Mem. Ass'n of Collegiate Alumnae. Clubs: Washington, College Women's. Protestant Episcopal.

AUSTIN, Mary, National Arts Club, 12 Gramercy Park, N.Y. City.

Writer; b. Carlinville, Ill.; dau. Capt. George and Saville (Graham) Hunter; grad. Blackburn Univ. A.B.; m. Bakersfield, Cal., Stafford W. Austin; one daughter: Ruth. Connected with educational interests of California, institute lecturer. State Committee Course of Study. Has made researches on the development of native art; lecturer on Primitive Society; has made many contributions to collected American Indian Folk Lore. Author: The Land of Little Rain; Isidro; The Basket Woman; The Flock; Lost Borders; Santa Lucia; The Arrow Maker (dramatic—at New Theatre); Christ In Italy; A Woman of Genius. Progressive; active in feminist movements. Mem. Nat. Arts Club, Twilight Club, London Lyceum.

AUTEN, Nellie Mason, Princeville, Ill.

Born Princeville, Ill., Mar. 3, 1875; dau. Edward and Maria Louisa (Cutter) Auten; ed. Princeville Acad., 1887-89, 1890-94; Wellesley Coll., 1894-98, A.B. '98; Univ. of Chicago, 1899-1900, A.M. 1900. Teacher, grade and high school, Piano, Ill., 1898-99, teacher of Latin, Hillside (Wis.) Home School, 1900-01. With a brother had a club for little boys, 1902-03; teacher in Sunday-school, 1910-11. Wrote an article in the American Journal of Sociology for March, 1901: Some Phases of the Sweating System in the Garment Trades of Chicago. Presbyterian. Mem. Wellesley Coll. Alumnae Association and Association of Collegiate Alumnae.

AVARY, Myrta Lockett, 415 Spring St., Atlanta, Ga.

Writer; b. Halifax, Va,; dau. Harwood A. and Augusta (Harper) Lockett; ed. private tutors and governesses; m. Dr. James Corbin Avary. Served on the editorial staffs of four magazines in N.Y. City, where became interested in fresh air work, social settlement work, etc.; more recently engaged in historical writing and research in the South. Author: A Virginia Girl in the Civil War; Dixie After the War. Editor: A Diary from Dixie; Recollections of Alexander H. Stevens. Has contributed historical and sociological articles to various magazines, also short stories and poems.

AVERILL, Blanche M. (Mrs. Alfred Perry Averill), 1200 West Boulevard, El Paso, Tex.

Clubwoman; b. Bryan, Ohio, Oct. 1872; dau. William H. and Nellie F. (Jones) Moore; ed. Mittleberger School, Cleveland, Ohio, Cornell Univ. A.B., class essayist (mem. Delta Gamma); m. Bryan, Ohio, 1899, Alfred Perry Averill. Pres. El Paso Woman's Club; chairman Art Committee of Texas Federation of Woman's Clubs; mem. Toledo Coll. Women's Club. Presbyterian. Mem. Humane Soc. and Charity Ass'n (El Paso). Recreations: Bridge whist, dancing.

AVERILL, Edith Alice Sherman (Mrs. Glenn Mark Averill), 213 S. Twelfth St., Cedar Rapids, Ia.

Born Iowa; ed. Rockford (Ill.) Coll., class of '90, B.A. '02; m. Glenn Mark Averill of Cedar Rapids, Ia. Was director of the gymnasium at Rockford Coll., two years. Interested in Y.W.C.A., Sunshine Mission Work and Children's Home at Cedar Rapids, Ia. Ex-pres. Ladies' Choral Soc. Mem. Tourist Club (literary).

AVERILL, Mary Martin (Mrs. Edward S. Averill), 415 S. Euclid Av., Oak Park, Ill.; summer, Pittsfield, Pa.

Born Pittsburgh, Pa.; dau. John T. and Julia Foster Martin; ed. Allegheny Coll., A.B. '84, A.M. '92; special course at Wellesley Coll., 1886-87; m. Pittsfield, Jan. 2, 1901, Edward S. Averill (died Feb. 14, 1910); children: Helen Elizabeth, b. Aug.


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Rh 18, 1902; Mary Louise, b. Dec. 20 (died Dec. 28), 1907. Mem. Woman's See. of First Presbyterian Church of Oak Park, Ill. Favors woman suffrage. Recreations: Travel, horseback riding, driving, reading, tennis. Mem. Augusta Club, Nakama Club, Sesame Circle.

AVERY, Catherine Hitchcock Tilden (Mrs. Elroy McKendree Avery), 2831 Wood-Hill Road, Cleveland, Ohio.

Editor, educator; b. Dundee, Mich., Dec. 13, 1844; dau. Junius and Zeruah (Rich) Tilden; grad. Mass. State Normal School (Framingham) '67; m. Battle Creek, Mich., July 2, 1870, Elroy McKendree Avery, Ph.D., LL.D., D.C.L. (educator, scientist, historian). Engaged in teaching as prin. of Battle Creek (Mich.) High School, and later as teacher in Cleveland High and Normal schools; now editor of the American Monthly Magazine (official organ of the D.A.R.). First woman ever chosen to elective office in Ohio; elected mem. City School Board of Cleveland, 1895; elected mem. City Board of School Examiners, becoming its first woman-member, 1900 (pres. since 1911). Mem. Cleveland City Library Board. Mem. D.A.R., Colonial Dames of America, U.S. Daughters of 1812.

AVERY, Clara Arlette, 47 Eliot St., Detroit, Mich.

Ex-pres. Mich, Federation; b. Bradley, Me., Jan. 12, 1850; dau. Newell and Nancy Clapp (Eddy) Avery; ed. Detroit Sem. Organizer of the Twentieth Century Club of Detroit and pres. (now life mem.); organizer of the Mich. State Federation of Women's Clubs and first pres.; mem. of the Memorial Scholarship Com. under Univ. of Mich., formerly an officer and pres. of the Woman's Hospital and Infants' Home. Mem. Colonial Dames, D.A.R., Mayflower Descendants; hon. mem. Woman's League of Univ. of Mich.; hon. mem. Ass'n Collegiate Alumnae; life mem. Am. Archaeological Soc. Favors woman suffrage.

AVERY, Elisabeth McElroy (Mrs. Henry Brinckerhoff Avery), Christmas Lake, Excelsior, Minn.

Born Pittsburgh, Pa., Jan. 5, 1873; dau. John Henry and Mary Jane (Wilkinson) McElroy; ed. public schools of Pittsburgh; m. Minneapolis, Minn., Feb. 18, 1909, Henry Brinckerhoff Avery. Favors woman suffrage. Episcopalian. Recreation: Farming; lives on a country place about 18 miles from Minneapolis and is deeply interested in all that pertains to such a place the year around.

AVERY, Rachel Foster, Swarthmore, Pa.

Suffrage leader; b. Pittsburgh, Dec. 30, 1858; dau. J. Heron and Julia (Manuel) Foster; ed. Philadelphia schools and special studies in political economy in Univ. of Zürich; one son: Cyrus Miller, b. 1888. Engaged in suffrage work from girlhood; actively associated with late Susan B. Anthony for years and was long corresponding sec. of the Nat. Am. Woman Suffrage Ass'n; has taken part as ass't and manager in suffrage campaigns in many States as speaker and writer; first vice-pres. Nat. Am. Woman Suffrage Ass'n, 1906-10; pres. Pa. State Woman Suffrage Ass'n; was active in work of preparing for the Washington meeting of the Internal. Council of Women, 1888, and was cor. sec, 1888-93. Mem. Society of Friends.

AVERY, Susan Look (Mrs. Benjamin Franklin Avery), 847 Fourth Av., Louisville, Ky.

Born Conway, Mass., Oct. 27, 1817; dau. Samuel and Polly (Loom's) Look; ed. Utica, N.Y., in private schools; m. April 27, 1844, Benjamin Franklin Avery (manufacturer of plows; died 1885); children: Lydia Avery Coonley Ward, b. Jan. 31, 1845; George C. Avery, b. Mar. 1, 1852. Pioneer club woman, founder of the Woman's Club of Louisville and of the Susan Look Avery Club of Wyoming, N.Y. Favors woman suffrage; long a leader as speaker and writer in favor of equal suffrage. Contributor to various magazines and papers on suffrage, temperance, the single-tax and other reforms. Honorary vice-pres. Gen. Fed. of Women's Clubs.

AVIRITT, May Amelia Goodwill (Mrs. Philip William Aviritt), 949 Park Place, Brooklyn, N.Y.

High school teacher; grad. Smith Coll., B.A. '89; m. May 22, 1894, Philip William Aviritt (died July 31, 1902); one son: William Goodwin, b. Feb. 5, 1895. Teacher in high school. Old Town, Me., 1891; Batavia, N.Y., 1891-92; Dunkirk, N.Y., 1893-94; Portsmouth, N.H., 1898-1900; Asbury Park, N.J., 1900-04; Flushing, N.Y., 1904-07; Brooklyn, N.Y. (teacher of German) since 1907. Mem. Smith College Alumnae Ass'n.

AYCOCK, Martha Magan (Mrs. Frank B. Aycock), Fremont, S.C.

Born Rockingham County, S.C, May 12, 1881; dau. A.R. and Lydia (Gordon) Magan; ed. Moravian College, Winston-Salem, S.C. (mem. Euterpean); m. Mar. 30, 1903, Frank B. Aycock; children: Bayard, Jesse Nelson, Burtis. Mem. Woman Book Club. Recreations: Reading, painting, fancy work. Mem. Moravian Church. Against woman suffrage.

AYER, Anna Perkins Chandler (Mrs. Josiah M. M. Ayer), Needham, Mass.

Born Boston, Sept. 24, 1873; dau. John and Anna (Perkins) Chandler; ed. Dana Hall, class of '93; Wellesley Coll., B.A. '98; studied at Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory; m. Wellesley, Sept. 5, 1911, Josiah M. M. Ayer. Contributor of poems and verse to various magazines. Episcopalian. Recreations: Walking, automobiling.

AYER, Emma Burbank (Mrs. Edward E. Ayer), 2 Banks St., Chicago, Ill.

Born Lowell, Mass.; dau. Abner and Elizabeth (Badger) Burbank; ed. Benedict and Satterlee's College, Rochester, N.Y.; m. Sept. 7, 1867, Edward E. Ayer; one daughter: Elizabeth Ayer. Author: A Motor Flight Through Algeria and Tunisia; Captivity Among the Oneidas in 1690-91 of Father Pierre Milet (translated from French). Mem. Alliance Française. Clubs: Chicago Woman's, the Fortnightly. Unlversalist. Against woman suffrage.

AYER, Hannah Gilbert Palfrey (Mrs. J. B. Ayer), 25 Lime St., Boston, Mass.

Born Belmont, Mass., Dec. 13, 1881; dau. Gen. John C. and Adelaide E. (Payson) Palfrey; ed. Miss Winsor's School, Boston, Mass.; m. Belmont, Mass., Nov. 15, 1909, Dr. James Bourne Ayer; children: James Bourne, Hannah Gilbert.

AYER, Janet Hopkins (Mrs. Benjamin F. Ayer), 20 E. Goethe St., Chicago, Ill.

Born Granville, N.Y., 1854; dau. James C. Hopkins (State Senator N.Y., Judge of Federal Court of Wis.) and Mary (Allen) Hopkins; ed. Granville (O.) Sem.; m. Madison, Wis., Benjamin F. Ayer; children: Walter, Mary Louise, Janet, Benjamin F. Jr., Margaret Helen. Episcopalian. Republican. Mem. Daughters of the Revolution, Colonial Dames of America; vice-pres. of Ill. Ass'n Opposed to Woman Suffrage. Club: The Fortnightly.

AYER, Margaret Hubbard, 129 E. 40th St., N.Y. City.

Journalist; b. Chicago, Ill., 1879; dau. Herbert C. and Harriet (Hubbard) Ayer; ed. Germany under Blanche Willis Howard. For eight years editor of the woman's section New York Sunday World: editor Paris Modes Magazine. Has written several books on Health, Beauty, Etiquette. Mem. Professional Woman's League, Woman's Municipal League. Recreation: Music. Favors woman suffrage; mem. of Woman's Political Union.

AYER, Mary Allette, 11 Tenth Av., Haverhill, Mass.

Editor and compiler; born Hampstead, N.H.; dau. Albert William and Lydia Ann (Hoyt) Ayer; descendant of John Ayer, of England, who settled in Haverhill, Mass., 1646; ancestors on both sides served in Revolutionary War. Edited and compiled: Daily Cheer Year Book; The Joys of Friendship; Heart Melodies; Keep Up Your Courage. Publisher of Christmas booklets, cards and mottoes. Methodist.


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62 AYER, May Hancock (Mrs. James C. Ayer), Shadowland, Glen Cove, N.Y.

Born Syracuse, N.Y., Nov. 25, 1873; dau David Hayes and Mary E. (Candee) Hancock; ed. Keble School, Syracuse, N.Y.; State Normal School, Oswego, N.Y.; Convent of the Sacred Heart, Manhattanville, N.Y.; m. (1st) Jan. 15, 1896, Richard C. Boyd; (2d) April 2, 1907, James C. Ayer; children: Richard Boyd-Ayer, b. Sept. 2, 1898; Frederick Ayer, b. Dec. 29, 1908. Interested in general social and philanthropic work. Recreations: Golf, gardening, bridge. Episcopalian. Favors woman suffrage.

AYERS, Henrietta P., Akeley Hall, Grand Haven, Mich.

Science teacher; b. Iowa; grad. Rockford Coll., B.A. '98. Taught two years in Kalamazoo (Mich.) Sem. and since then has been teacher of science and ass't principal of Akeley Hall, Grand Haven, Mich. Episcopalian.

AYERS, Mary Frances, 3709 Portland Av., Minneapolis, Minn.

Librarian; b. Enfield, N.Y.; dau. William W. and Elizabeth (Gillett) Ayers; grad. Cornell Univ. B.L. Four years a teacher of piano in the North Western Conservatory of Music (Minneapolis); fifteen years as assistant in the public Library of Minneapolis; active in Mission study and work of Woman's Welfare League. Baptist. Progressive in politics. Mem. College Women's Club. Recreations: Symphony concerts and orchestral concerts (quartettes), walking for vacation trips.

AYRES, Alice Stanley Taylor (Mrs. Philip W. Ayres), Waban, Mass. (summer, Franconia, N.H.)

Born Newton, Mass., 1866; dau. Timothy D. and Mary M. (Kenrick) Taylor; ed. Newton public schools, Smith Coll. A.B. '89 (mem. Alpha Soc); m. Newton, Mass., 1899, Philip W. Ayres; children: Ruth W., b. 1901; Dwight T., b. 1907. Before marriage was teacher in Miss Morgan's School, Portsmouth, N.H.; registrar of the Associated Charities of Lynn, Mass., and later general manager of the Society for Organizing Charity, Providence, R.I. Unitarian. Independent in politics; favors woman suffrage.

AYRES, Anna C. Marston (Mrs. D. Ayres), Fort Plain, N.Y.

Born Gaysville, Vt., Jan. 5, 1862; dau. Moses and Ellen M. (Adams) Marston; grad. Univ. of Minn., B.L. '83, followed by a year's graduate work at Cornell, 1892-93 (Kappa Kappa Gamma); m. Minneapolis, Sept. 1, 1898, Dr. Douglas Ayres; one son: Douglas. Teacher, 1883-98, in Lake City (Minn.) High School, Minneapolis public schools, Clinton Liberal Inst., Fort Plain, N.Y., and the Misses Masters' School, Dobbs Ferry, N.Y. Favors woman suffrage. Universalist. Mem. Ass'n Collegiate Alumnae, Cornell Alumnae Ass'n (Utica branch).

AYRES, Helen (Mrs. Steven Beckwith Ayres), Spuyten Duyvil, N.Y. City; during Congressional session, 1620 Massachusetts Av., Washington, D.C.

Born Dunkirk, N.Y., May 4, 1869; dau. Charles S. and Lesteyrie (Morse) Thompson; ed. Westfield (Mass.) State Normal School; m. Steven Beckwith Ayres (mem. of Congress from the Bronx District of N.Y., 1911-13); one daughter: Janette. Pres. for 1913 of Woman's Nat. Democratic League, organized June 1, 1912, for the promotion of the principles of Democracy and to assist in the election of the nominees of the Democratic Party; the first permanent national political organization ever established for and by women exclusively; annual meeting, Jan. 8; in each year. The organization makes a special feature of the study course. Second vice-pres. Nat. Congressional Section of Woman's Welfare Dep't of the Nat. Civic Federation, an organization the membership of which is composed exclusively of wives of members of Congress. Mem. D.A.R. and Congressional Club. Episcopalian.

BABB, Alta Woody (Mrs. Charles Daniel Babb Homer, Champaign Co., Ill.

Born Homer, Ill., Oct. 25, 1867; dau. Ancil Clayton and Rachel Margaret (Page) Wood; grad. Homer High School; studied music and attended Illinois Woman's College at Jacksonville, Ill. (Phi Nu Soc); m. Homer, Ill. Charles Daniel Babb; one daughter: Margaret Elizabeth, b. Jan. 5, 1899. Has been pres. of Presbyterian Aid Soc. for six years; was pres. Missionary Soc.; has been much interested in State and National charity conventions, and the village library. Mem. D.A.R. (Champaign, Ill.) Daughters of 1812 (Chicago). Clubs: Champaign County Country, Homer Woman's; has been pres., sec, treas., and district vice-pres; now cor. sec. 19th Dist (Ill.) Federation. Presbyterian. Favors woman suffrage.

BABB, Deborah Bertha White (Mrs. Benjamin F. Babb), Ivor, Va,

Born North Carolina; grad. Guilford (N.C.) Coll., B.S. '97; grad. scholar and student in English and mathematics, Bryn Mawr Coll., 1897-98; m. 1901, Dr. Benjamin F. Babb. Principal Woodland Depot High School, Woodland, N.C, 1898-1900; principal Corinth Acad., Conly, Va., 1900-01.

BABBITT, Juliette M. (Mrs. Charles Henry Babbitt), 933 Massachusetts Av., N.W., Washington, D.C.

Writer; b. Hancock Co., Ill.; dau. Joseph and Susanne Younger; removed to Iowa in childhood and educated there; m. Magnolia, Iowa, Dec. 19, 1863, Charles Henry Babbitt. Washington correspondent of many Western papers and at various times representative in Washington of publications in N.Y. City and Boston. Has written many short stories, special articles and regular Washington letters for magazines, newspapers and syndicates. Mem. League of Am. Pen Women (librarian 1898-1900; vice-pres. 1900-01; pres. 1901-02; historian and chairman Board of Directors, 1902-03).

BABBITT, Mary Brigham King (Mrs. Eugene Howard Babbitt), Dartmouth College, Hanover, N.H.

Lecturer; b. Barnstable, Mass.; grad. Vassar Coll., A.B. '82; m. Concord, Mass., Sept. 16, 1891, Prof. Eugene Howard Babbitt; two sons, one daughter. Teacher, Indianapolis, Ind., 1883; Minneapolis, Minn., 1883-84; Girls' High School, Boston, Mass., 1885-91. Since 1906 engaged as lecturer.

BABBITT, Mary Edith Tarbox (Mrs. Le Roy Nathan Babbitt), Dobbs Ferry-on-Hudson, N.Y.

Born Pomfret, N.Y.; grad. Vassar Coll., A.B. '96; graduate scholar, 1896-97; m. June 30, 1905, Le Roy Nathan Babbitt. Computer astronomical dep't Columbia Univ., 1898-1902; teacher Kemper Hall, Kenosha, Wis., 1902-05.

BABCOCK, Birnie (Mrs. William F. Babcock), Little Rock, Ark.

Author; b. Unionville, O., Apr. 28, 1868; dau. H. N. and Lottie R. Smade; resident of Arkansas since 1878; ed. in Little Rock, Ark.; m. Apr., 1886, William F. Babcock, now deceased. Engaged in newspaper work in Little Rock on staff of the Arkansas Democrat, later becoming editor and proprietor of the Arkansas Sketch Book, a quarterly publication. Author: The Daughter of a Republican, 1900; The Martyr, 1900; Justice to the Woman, 1901; At the Mercy of the State, 1902; An Uncrowned Queen—Story of the Life of Frances E. Willard, 1902; With Claw and Fang—A Fact Story in a Chicago Setting, 1911; contributor to magazines. Has been active in W.C.T.U. work; favors woman suffrage.

BABCOCK, Josephine, 7350 Union Av., Chicago, Ill.

Journalist; b. Washington, Iowa, Nov. 19, 1882; dau. Nathan Lee and Ophelia Almira (Smith) Babcock; ed. Washington (Iowa) public schools, Washington Acad., Iowa Wesleyan Univ.; mem. Alpha Xi Delta. Active in Woman's Club movement. Particularly interested in Sunday School


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Rh work, in work among children for better citizenship and cleaner city and various philanthropies. Methodist. Mem. P.E.O. Soc, D.A.R. and church societies, Nineteenth Century Club and Iowa Federation of Women's Clubs. Recreations. Theatre, State conventions. Favors woman suffrage.

BABCOCK, Maud May, University of Utah, Salt Lake City. Utah.

Professor of elocution; b. East Worcester, N.Y., May 2, 1867; dau. William Wayne and Sarah Jane (Butler) Babcock; ed. public school and high school of Binghamton, N.Y.; studied under Alfred Ayres and others in N.Y. City. Philadelphia Nat. School of Oratory, Bachelor of Elocution, 1886; student in Harvard Univ. Summer School, 1890 and 1892; student in Univ. of Chicago, 1901. Instructor in Harvard Univ. Summer School, 1892-93; Chautauqua School of Physical Education, 1896; taught Lady Jane Grey School, Binghamton, N.Y.; Ingleside School for Girls, New Milford, Conn.; founded Utah School of Elocution and Physical Education. Pres. Young Ladies' Mutual Improvement Ass'n of Esign Stake; several terms mem. Exec. Com. of the Utah State Teachers' Ass'n; mem. Nat. Council of Am. Physical Educational Ass'n. Has written several articles on educational subjects. Mem. D.A.R., honorary mem. of Pa. Women's Press Ass'n. Recreation: The drama. Latter Day Saint. Favors woman suffrage. Democrat. Appointed trustee of Utah School tor Deaf and Blind by Governor Wells in 1897; reappointed by Governors Cutler and Spry; elected pres. of Board of Trustees in 1907. reelected 1909, 1911 and 1913.

BABCOCK, Sarah Perkins Johnson (Mrs. Albert Babcock), 126 Waterman St., Providence, R.I.

Born Norwich, Conn.; dau. Isaac and Sarah (Huntington) Johnson; ed. schools in Norwich, Conn., and by private lessons; m. Norwich, Conn., June 9, 1881, Albert Babcock; children: Frederick Huntington, Harold Pemberton, Donald Sturges. Mem. of corporation of District Nursing Ass'n; interested in philanthropic societies, and in the women's societies of Grace Church; mem. of corporation of School of Design. Mem. Colonial Dames, Alliance Frangaise, Biblical Institute. Clubs: Review, Fortnightly, Agawam Hunt. Episcopalian. Against woman suffrage.

BABCOCK, Winnifred Eaton (Mrs. B. W. Babcock), Mamaroneck, N.Y.

Author; b. Nagasaki, Japan, 1879; dau. Edward and Grace (Trapesis) Eaton; ed. Toronto and Montreal, Can.; school in England and Columbia Univ.; m. N.Y. City, July 16, 1901, B. W. Babcock. Author: A Japanese Nightingale; The Wooing of Wistaria; Heart of Hyacinth; A Japanese Blossom; The Old Jinriksha; Miss Nume of Japan; Daughters of Kings; The Love of Azalea; The Diary of Delia; Tama; also short stories in the leading magazines. Pen-name, "Onoto Watanna."

BABIN, Anna Bullion (Mrs. L. U. Babin), Baton Rouge. La.

Born Opelousas, La., Feb. 28, 1878; dau. Octavius A. and Mary Elmire (Babin) Bullion; grad. La. State Normal School, Natchitoches, '97 (class poet); m. Hope Villa, La., Feb. 8, 1899, Louis U. Babin; one son: Louis Winbourne Babin. Interested in church, school, civic, historical, patriotic and charitable work, pres. Baton Rouge Civic Ass'n; pres. the Joanna Waddill Chapter United Daughters of the Confederacy (State organizer, 1911); vice-pres. of Charity Ward Ass'n; chairman of civics in the State Fed. of Women's Clubs; Sunday-school teacher. Has written a few rhymes: Mother-Love; Our Heroes; Memories of a Soldier, and some others. Mem. Charity Ward Ass'n, United Daughters of the Confederacy, board controlling sanitarium, St. Joseph's Aid Soc, School Improvement League. Baton Rouge Civic Ass'n, Louisiana Fed. of Women's Clubs. Recreations: Driving, horseback riding, playing with children. Roman Catholic.

BABSON, Caroline Wheeler (Mrs. D. C. Babson), 182 Granite St., Pigeon Cove, Mass.

Born Mar. 31, 1856; dau. Addison Gilbert and Isabella (Gilmore) Wheeler; ed. Mt. Holyoke Coll., 1872-76; m. Pigeon Cove, Mass., Feb. 10, 1880, David C. Babson. Interested in abolition of death penalty and world's peace movements. Favors woman suffrage. Universalist. Mem. Mass. Prison Ass'n, Women's Universalist Missionary Soc., Am Ass'n for Labor Legislation, Am. Ornithologists' Union, Anti-Death Penalty Soc., Prison Reform League, Cape Ann Scientific and Literary Ass'n. Mem. Woman's Auxiliary to Leander M. Haskins Hospital, Village Improvement Soc., Reading Circle, Boston Mt. Holyoke Alumnae Ass'n, Ass'n of Collegiate Alumnae, Drama League.

BABSON, Helen Corliss. Girls' Collegiate School, Los Angeles, Cal.

Teacher; ed. in schools of Gloucester, Mass., and Vassar Coll., A.B. '05. Tutor in Poughkeepsie, N.Y., 1905-06; ass't to lady principal of Vassar Coll., 1906-09; ass't to principals of Girls' Collegiate School, Los Angeles, Cal., since 1909.

BABTISTE, Gertrude Tifft (Mrs. C. A. Babtiste), 333 Marlborough Rd., Brooklyn, N.Y.

Born Titusville, Pa., Aug. 26, 1875; dau, Simon Elijah and Sarah C. (Ayer) Tifft; ed. Cornell Univ., Ph.B. (mem. Alpha Phi); m. Titusville, Apr., 1903. Carl Augustus Babtiste; children: Elizabeth, Margaret, Cecile. Congregationalist.

BACHE, Emily Hinds, 233 S. Thirteenth St., Philadelphia, Pa.

Born Germantown, Pa., Dec. 5, 1880; dau. Charles Meigs and Henrietta Maria (Ellicott) Bache; ed. Miss Irwin's School, and St. Timothy's, Catonsville, Md. Catholic. Mem. Sedgeley Boat Clnb. Much interested in St. Vincent's Home and Hospital.

BACHE, Henrietta Ellicott (Mrs. Charles Meigs Bache), 233 S. 13th St., Philadelphia, Pa.

Born Baltimore, Md., June, 1842; dau. Benjamin and Mary (Carroll) Ellicott; ed. Sacred Heart Convent, McSherrystown, Pa.; m. Baltimore, Aug., 1884, Charles Meigs Bache; children: Franklin, Margaret Hartman, Emily Hinds; also Mary Carroll and Aglaft Dabadis (both deceased). Interested in St. Vincent's Home and Hospital. Roman Catholic.

BACHE, Margaret Hartman, 233 S. Thirteenth St.. Philadelphia, Pa.

Born Jenkintown, Pa., July 4, 1875; dau. Charles Meigs and Henrietta M. (Ellicott) Bache; ed. Eden Hall, Torresdale, Pa. Interested in St. Vincent's Home and Hospital; mem. Ladies of Charity. Catholic. Mem. Sedgeley Boat Club.

BACHE, Nannie Greenway Trigg (Mrs. Franklin Bache), Fort Smith, Ark.

Born Abington, Va.; dau. Daniel and Louisa (Johnston) Trigg; ed. N.Y. City and Va., m. Abington, Va., Dec 15, 1897, Franklin Bache; children: Franklin Jr., Daniel, Charles, Louisa Johnston, Henrietta Ellicott. Catholic.

BACHMAN, Dora Sandoe, 1425 Bryden Road, Columbus, Ohio.

Lawyer; b. Tiffin, Ohio, Oct 6, 1869; dau. Rev. Henry H. and Eliza M. (Barton) Sandoe; ed. public schools of Ohio and Pennsylvania, Pleasantville (Ohio) Coll. Inst., Curry Univ., Pittsburg, Ohio State Univ. Law School, LL.B.; m. Hillsboro, Ohio, Oct 6, 1894, Jacob L. Bachman; children: Robert Edwin, b. Dec 10, 1905; Richard Sandoe. b. Apr. 25, 1912. In continuous practice of law in Columbus, Ohio, since Dec, 1892; first woman graduate of any law school in Ohio, June, 1893. First woman member of Board of Education in city, elected at large. Nov., 1909; member of Public Recreation Commission appointed by City Council, 1910 (only woman); mem. County Board of Visitors; mem. Board of Managers and legal advisor for Florence Crittenton Home; mem. of City Central Philanthropic Council; mem. since 1907. Vice-pres. of city Suffrage organization and auditor of State organization; speaks on the subject frequently. Writes short stories and newspaper sketches. Theosophist. Counselor of the Home and School Ass'n. Mem. Altrurian Club, Coll. Women's Club.