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 1784

PUBLIC LAW 91-^09-DEC. 31, 1970

[84 STAT.

"(4) The term 'local public body' means any public body (including a political subdivision) created by or under the laws of a State or two or more States, or a combination of such bodies, and includes Indian tribes, bands, groups, and nations (including Alaska Indians, Aleuts, and Eskimos) of the United States. "(5) The term 'open-space uses' means any use of open-space land for (A) park and recreational purposes, (B) conservation of land and other natural resources, or (C) historic, architectural or scenic purposes."

TITLE V—EESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH A N D DEMONSTRATIONS

SEC. 501. The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development is authorized and directed to undertake such programs of research, studies, testing, and demonstration relating to the mission and programs of the Department as he determines to be necessary and appropriate. I n order to carry out activities under this section there are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary. All funds so appropriated shall remain available until expended unless specifically limited. GENERAL PROVISIONS

63 Stat. 377. 40 USC 471 note.

SEC. 502. (a) The Secretary shall require, to the greatest extent feasible, the employment of new and improved technologies, methods, and materials in housing construction, rehabilitation, and maintenance under programs administered by him with a view to reducing costs, and shall encourage and promote the acceptance and application of such advanced technology, methods, and materials by all segments of the housing industry, communities, industries engaged in urban development activities, and the general public. To the extent feasible, in connection with the construction, major rehabilitation, or maintenance of any housing assisted under section 501, the Secretary shall assure that there is no restraint by contract, building code, zoning ordinance, or practice against the employment of new or improved technologies, techniques, materials, and methods or of preassembled products which may reduce the cost or improve the quality of such construction, rehabilitation, and maintenance, and therefore stimulate expanded production of housing, except where such restraint is necessary to insure safe and healthful working and living conditions. (b) To encourage large-scale experimentation in the use of new technologies, methods, and materials, with a view toward the ultimate mass production of housing and related facilities, the Secretary shall wherever feasible conduct programs under section 501 in which qualified organizations, public and private, will submit plans for development and production of housing and related facilities using such new advances on Federal land which has been made available or acquired by the Secretary for the purpose of this subsection or on other land where (1) local building regulations permit such experimental construction, or (2) necessary variances from building regulations can be granted. The Secretary may utilize the funds and authority available to him under the provisions of section 501 to assist in the implementation of plans which he approves. {c) Notwithstanding any other provision of law\ the Secretary is authorized, in connection with projects under this title, to acquire, use and dispose of any land and other property required for the project as he deems necessary. Notwithstanding the provisions of the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949, any land which i-

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PUBLIC LAW91-609-DEC. 31, 1970

is excess property within the meaning of such Act and which is determined by the Secretary to be suitable in furtherance of the purposes of subsection (b) may be transferred to the Secretary upon his request. (d) In order to effectively carry out his activities under section 501, the Secretary is authorized to provide such advice and technical assistance as may be required and to pay for the cost of writing and publishing reports on activities and undertakings financed under section 501, as well as reports on similar activities and undertakings, not so financed, which are of significant value in furthering the purposes of that section. He may disseminate (without regard to the provisions of section 3204 of title 39, United States Code, or section 4154 of such title with respect to any period before the effective date of such section 3204 as provided in section 15(a) of the Postal Reorganization Act) any reports, data, or information acquired or held under this title, including related data and information otherwise available to the Secretary through the operation of the programs and activities of the Department of Housing and Urban Development, in such form as he determines to be most useful to departments, establishments, and agencies of Federal, State, and local governments, to industry, and to the general public. (e) The Secretary is authorized to carry out the functions authorized in section 501 either directly or, without regard to section 3709 of the Revised Statutes, by contract or by grant. Advance and progress payments may be made under such contracts or grants without regard to the provisions of section 3648 of the Revised Statutes and such contracts or grants may be made for work to continue for not more than four years from the date thereof. (f) In carrying out activities under section 501, the Secretary shall utilize to the fullest extent feasible the available facilities of other Federal departments and agencies, and shall consult with, and make recommendations to, such departments and agencies. The Secretary may enter into working agreements with such departments and agencies and contract or make grants on their behalf or have such departments and agencies contract or make grants on his behalf. The Secretary is authorized to make or accept reimbursement for the cost of such activities. The Secretary is further authorized to undertake activities under this title under cooperative agreements with industry and labor, agencies of State or local governments, educational institutions, and other organizations. He may enter into contracts with and receive funds from such agencies, institutions, and organizations, and may exercise any of the other powers vested in him by section 5i02(c) of the Housing Act of 1948. (g) The Secretary is authorized to request and receive such information or data as he deems appropriate from private individuals and organizations, and from public agencies. Any such information or data shall be used only for the purposes for which it is supplied, and no publication shall be made by the Secretary whereby the information or data furnished by any particular person or establishment can be identified, except with the consent of such person or establishment.

1785

Technical assistance; reports.

Ante, p. 752. 74 Stat. 661. Ante, p. 787.

Contract authority. 41 USC 5. 31 USC 529.

62 Stat. 1284. 12 USC 1701c.

REPEAL OF EXISTING RESEARCH AUTHORITIES

SEC. 503. Effective July 1, 1971, the following provisions of law are repealed; except that such repeal shall not affect contracts, commitments, reservations, or other obligations entered into pursuant to such provisions prior to that date: (1) title III of the Housing Act of 1948; (2) section 314 of the Housing Act of 1954; (3) section 602 of the Housing Act of 1956;

63 Stat. 431. 12 USC 1701e.. 68 Stat. 629. 42 USC 1452a, 70 Stat. 1113. 12 USC 170ld.3.

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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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 1786 75 Stat 165. 42 USC 1436. 79 Stat. 474, 42 USC 1456 note. 80 Stat. 1286, 1287. 42 USC 3372, 3373, 82 Stat. 607.

PUBLIC LAW 91-609-DEC. 31, 1970

[84 STAT.

(4^ section 207 of the Housing Act of 1961; (5) section 301 of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1965; (6) sections 1010 and 1011 of the Demonstration Cities and Metropolitan Development Act of 1966; and (7) section 1714(b) of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968. E X P E R I M E N T A L H O U S IX G ALLOWANCE r R O G R A M

SEC. 504. (a) I n carrying out activities under section 501, the Secretary shall undertake on an experimental basis a program to demonstrate the feasibility of providing families of low income with housing allowances to assist them in obtaining rental housing of their choice in existing standard housing units. For this purpose, the Secretary is authorized to pay and to contract to pay, subject to the limitations of this section, monthly housing allowances to such families in localities determined by the Secretary to have an adequate supply of such housing units. Payments. Q^-^ rpj-^^ housing allowance provided to any family of low income shall not exceed the difference between 25 per centum of the family's income and the maximum fair market rental established in the locality by the Secretary for dwelling units of similar size in projects receiving annual payments under contracts authorized by section 101 Ante, p, 1771. ^^^ ^-f ^]^g Housing and Urban Development Act of 1965. The Secretary shall make the payment of any such allowance to any such family conditional upon an agreement by the family that the allowance will be used solely for the payment of rent for occupancy in existing standard housing, ^^contract author^^^ rpj^^ Secretary is authorized to contract with public or private organizations to provide the services required in the selection of families of low income for the distribution of monthly housing allowance payments to such families. I n contracting with such organizations, the Secretary is authorized (without limiting his authority under any other provision of law) to delegate to such organizations the authority to make the ministerial findings necessary to enable the Secretary to make such payments to families selected by such organizations. (d) The Secretary is authorized to pay and to contract to pay (in an aggregate amount not to exceed $10,000,000 in each of the fiscal years 1972 and 1973) monthly housing allowance payments to families of low income pursuant to this section. There are authorized to be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, such sums as may be necessary to make payments under this subsection. Report to Con(g^ 'pj^g Secretary shall, as early as practicable in the calendar years ^'^^^^' 1972 and 1973 make a report to the respective Committees on Banking and Currency of the Senate and House of Representatives with respect to the administration of the program authorized by this section, together with any recommendations that he may deem appropriate. Definitions. "^f) As used lu tMs section— (1) The term "families of low income" has the same meaning as II use S. "^ section 2(2) of the United States Housing Act of 1937. (2) The term "existing standard housing" means a rental unit which meets standards prescribed by the Secretary. tion Time limita^g^ ^Q housing allowance payments pursuant to this section shall be made after June 30, 1973.

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DEMOXSTRATIOXS W I T H RESPECT TO ABANDONED

1787

PROPERTIES

SEC. 505. (a) In carrying ont activities under section 501, the Secretary may undertake programs to demonstrate the most feasible means of providing assistance to localities in which a substantial number of structures are abandoned or are threatened with abandonment for the purpose of arresting the process of housing abandonment in its incipiency or in restoring viability to blighted areas in which abandonment is pervasive. For this purpose, the Secretary is authorized to make grants, subject to the limitations of this section, to assist local public oodles in planning and implementing demonstration projects for prompt and elective action in alleviating and preventing such abandonment in designated demonstration areas. (b) I n administering this section, the Secretary shall give preference to those demonscration projects which in his judgment can i^easonably be expected to arrest the process of abandonment in the demonstration area within a period of two years and which provide for innovative approaches to combating the problem of housing abandonment. Such projects may include, but shall not be limited to (1) acquisition by negotiated purchase, lease, receivership, tax lien proceedings, or other means authorized by law and satisfactory to the Secretary, of real property within the demonstration area or areas which is abandoned, deteriorated, or in violation of applicable code standards; (2) the repair of streets, sidewalks, parks, playgrounds, publicly owned utilities, public buildings to meet needs consistent with the revitalization and continued use of the area; (8) the demolition of structures determined to be structurally unsound or unfit for human habitation or which contribute adversely to the physical or social environment of the locality involved; (4) the establishment of recreational or community facilities including public playgrounds; (5) the improvement of garbage and trash collection, street cleaning and other essential services necessary to the revitalization ajid maintenance of the area; (6) the rehabilitation of privately and publicly owned real property by the locality; and (7) the establishment and operation of locally controlled, nonprofit housing management corporations and municipal repair programs. (c) Svibject to such conditions as the Secretary may prescribe, real property held as part of a project assisted under this section may be made available to (1) a limited dividend corporation, nonprofit corporation, or association, cooperative or public body or agency, or other approved purchaser or lessee, or (2) a purchaser who would be eligible for a mortgage insured under section 221(d)(3) or (d)(4). section 221(h)(1), section 235(i) or (j)(l), or section 236 of the National Housing Act, for purchase or lease at fair market value for use by such purchaser or lessee, as, or in the provision of, new or rehabilitated housing for occupancy by families or individuals of low or moderate income. (d) Grants under this section shall be in amounts which do not exceed 90 per centum of the net project cost as determined by the Secretary. There are authorized to be appropriated for demonstration grants under this section not to exceed $20,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1971. Any amounts appropriated shall remain available until expended and any amount authorized but not appropriated may be appropriated for any succeeding fiscal year commencing prior to July 1, 1972, Not more than one-third of the aggregate amount of grants made in any fiscal year under this section shall be made with respect to projects undertaken by one locality. (e) The provisions of sections 106, 114, and 115 of Title I of the Housing Act of 1949, and section 312 of the Housing Act of 1964, may

Conditions.

68 Stat. 6 0 1; 80 Stat. 1268. 12 USC 1715L 82 Stat. 477, 498. 12 USC 171SZ, 1715Z-1, Appropriation,

42 USC 1456, 1465, 1466. 42 USC 1452b.,

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 Rh hung down long and loose, and went to the threshold of the door to meet him, and throwing her arms around him she embraced him as though she would have kissed him, and then suddenly thrust the sapling out from her sleeve and struck him on the head with it once and again, crying, "Be a wolf, be a wolf," meaning to add "and have the understanding of a wolf," but she added instead the words "have the understanding of a man." Nor was there any delay, but it came about as she had said; and he fled quickly to the woods with the hounds she set on him in pursuit, but his human understanding remained unimpaired. (9) Arthur, see, you have now learned in part the heart, the nature, and the ways of woman. Dismount now and eat, and afterwards I will relate at greater length what remains. For yours is a weighty question, and there are few who know how to answer it, and when I have told you all you will be but little the wiser.

Arthur. The matter goes very well and pleases me much. Follow up, follow up what you have begun.

Gorlagon. You are pleased then to hear what follows. Be attentive and I will proceed. (10) Then the Queen, having put to flight her lawful husband, at once summoned the young man of whom I have spoken, and having handed over to him the reins of government became his wife. But the wolf, after roaming for a space of two years in the recesses of the woods to which he had fled, allied himself with a wild she-wolf, and begot two cubs by her. And remembering the wrong done him by his wife (as he was still possessed of his human understanding), he anxiously considered if he could in any way take his revenge upon her. Now near that wood there was a fortress at which the Queen was very often wont to sojourn with the King. And so this human wolf, looking out for his opportunity, took his shewolf with her cubs one evening, and rushed unexpectedly into the town, and finding the two little boys of whom the


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48 aforesaid youth had become the father by his wife, playing by chance under the tower without anyone to guard them, he attacked and slew them, tearing them cruelly limb from limb. When the bystanders saw too late what had happened they pursued the wolves with shouts. The wolves, when what they had done was made known, fled swiftly away and escaped in safety. The Queen, however, overwhelmed with sorrow at the calamity, gave orders to her retainers to keep a careful watch for the return of the wolves. No long time had elapsed when the wolf, thinking that he was not yet satisfied, again visited the town with his companions, and meeting with two noble counts, brothers of the Queen, playing at the very gates of the palace, he attacked them, and tearing out their bowels gave them over to a frightful death. Hearing the noise, the servants assembled, and shutting the doors caught the cubs and hanged them. But the wolf, more cunning than the rest, slipped out of the hands of those who were holding him and escaped unhurt.

Arthur, dismount and eat, for yours is a weighty question and there are few who know how to answer it. And when I have told you all, you will be but little the wiser.

(11) Gorlagon. The wolf, overwhelmed with very great grief for the loss of his cubs and maddened by the greatness of his sorrow, made nightly forays against the flocks and herds of that province, and attacked them with such great slaughter that all the inhabitants, placing in ambush a large pack of hounds, met together to hunt and catch him; and the wolf, unable to endure these daily vexations, made for a neighbouring country and there began to carry on his usual ravages. However, he was at once chased from thence by the inhabitants, and compelled to go to a third country: and now he began to vent his rage with implacable fury, not only against the beasts but also against


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 Rh human beings. Now it chanced that a king was reigning over that country, young in years, of a mild disposition, and far-famed for his wisdom and industry: and when the countless destruction both of men and beasts wrought by the wolf was reported to him, he appointed a day on which he would set about to track and hunt the brute with a strong force of huntsmen and hounds. For so greatly was the wolf held in dread that no one dared to go to rest anywhere around, but everyone kept watch the whole night long against his inroads.

So one night when the wolf had gone to a neighbouring village, greedy for bloodshed, and was standing under the eaves of a certain house listening intently to a conversation that was going on within, it happened that he heard the man nearest him tell how the King had proposed to seek and track him down on the following day, much being added as to the clemency and kindness of the King. When the wolf heard this he returned trembling to the recesses of the woods, deliberating what would be the best course for him to pursue. (12) In the morning the huntsmen and the King's retinue with an immense pack of hounds entered the woods, making the welkin ring with the blast of horns and with shouting; and the King, accompanied by two of his intimate friends, followed at a more moderate pace. The wolf concealed himself near the road where the King was to pass, and when all had gone by and he saw the King approaching (for he judged from his countenance that it was the King) he dropped his head and ran close after him, and encircling the King's right foot with his paws he would have licked him affectionately like a suppliant asking for pardon, with such groanings as he was capable of. Then two noblemen who were guarding the King's person, seeing this enormous wolf (for they had never seen any of so vast a size), cried out, "Master, see here is the wolf we seek! see, here is the wolf we seek! strike him, slay him, do not let the hateful beast attack us!"


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 50 The wolf, utterly fearless of their cries, followed close after the King, and kept licking him gently. The King was wonderfully moved, and after looking at the wolf for some time and perceiving that there was no fierceness in him, but that he was rather like one who craved for pardon, was much astonished, and commanded that none of his men should dare to inflict any harm on him, declaring- that he had detected some signs of human understanding in him; so putting down his right hand to caress the wolf he gently stroked his head and scratched his ears. Then the King seized the wolf and endeavoured to lift him up to him. But the wolf, perceiving that the King was desirous of lifting him up, leapt up, and joyfully sat upon the neck of the charger in front of the King.

The King recalled his followers, and returned home. (13) He had not gone far when lo! a stag of vast size met him in the forest pasture with antlers erect. Then the King said"I will try if there is any worth or strength in my wolf, and whether he can accustom himself to obey my commands." And crying out he set the wolf upon the stag and thrust him from him with his hand. The wolf, well knowing how to capture this kind of prey, sprang up and pursued the stag, and getting in front of it attacked it, and catching it by the throat laid it dead in sight of the King. Then the King called him back and said, "Of a truth you must be kept alive and not killed, seeing that you know how to show such service to us." And taking the wolf with him he returned home.

Arthur, dismount and eat. For yours is a weighty question, and there are few who know how to answer it; and when I have told you all my tale you will be but little the wiser.

Arthur. If all the gods were to cry from heaven "Arthur, dismount and eat," I would neither dismount nor eat until I had learnt the rest.

(14) Gorlagon. So the wolf remained with the King, and


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 Rh was held in very great affection by him. Whatever the King commanded him he performed, and he never showed any fierceness towards or inflicted any hurt upon any one. He daily stood at table before the King at dinner time with his forepaws erect, eating of his bread and drinking from the same cup. Wherever the King went he accompanied him, so that even at night he would not go to rest anywhere save beside his master's couch.

Now it happened that the King had to go on a long journey outside his kingdom to confer with another king, and to go at once, as it would be impossible for him to return in less than ten days. So he called his Queen, and said, "As I must go on this journey at once, I commend this wolf to your protection, and I command you to keep him in my stead, if he will stay, and to minister to his wants." But the Queen already hated the wolf because of the great sagacity which she had detected in him (and as it so often happens that the wife hates whom the husband loves), and she said, "My lord, I am afraid that when you are gone he will attack me in the night if he lies in his accustomed place and will leave me mangled." The King replied, "Have no fear of that, for I have detected no such symptom in him all the long time he has been with me. However, if you have any doubt of it, I will have a chain made and will have him fastened up to my bed-ladder." So the King gave orders that a chain of gold should be made, and when the wolf had been fastened up by it to the steps, he hastened away to the business he had on hand.

Arthur, dismount and eat. For yours is a weighty question, there are few who know how to answer it; and when I have told you all my tale you will be but little the wiser.

Arthur. I have no wish to eat; and I beg you not to invite me to eat any more.


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 Rh room far removed from any access; every one being under the impression that he had in fact been devoured.

Arthur, dismount and eat. For yours is a weighty question, and few there are who know how to answer it: and when I have told my tale you will be but little the wiser.

Arthur. I pray you, order the table to be removed, as the service of so many dishes interrupts our conversation.

(16) Gorlagon. After these events news was brought to the Queen that the King was returning sooner than had been expected. So the deceitful woman, full of cunning, went forth to meet him with her hair cut close, and cheeks torn, and garments splashed with blood, and when she met him cried, "Alas! Alas! Alas! my lord, wretched that I am, what a loss have I sustained during your absence!" At this the King was dumbfounded, and asked what was the matter, and she replied, "That wretched beast of yours, of yours I say, which I have but too truly suspected all this time, has devoured your son in my lap; and when your sewer was struggling to come to the rescue the beast mangled and almost killed him, and would have treated me in the same way had not the servants broken in; see here the blood of the little one splashed upon my garments is witness of the thing." Hardly had she finished speaking, when lo! the wolf hearing the King approach, sprang forth from the bedchamber, and rushed into the King's embraces as though he well deserved them, jumping about joyfully, and gambolling with greater delight than he had ever done before. At this the King, distracted by contending emotions, was in doubt what he should do, on the one hand reflecting that his wife would not tell him an untruth, on the other that if the wolf had been guilty of so great a crime against him he would undoubtedly not have dared to meet him with such joyful bounds.

So while his mind was driven hither and thither on these matters and he refused food, the wolf sitting close by him touched his foot gently with his paw, and took the border of


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 52 (15) Gorlagon. So the King set out, and the wolf remained with the Queen. But she did not show the care for him which she ought to have done. For he always lay chained, up though the King had commanded that he should be chained up at night only. Now the Queen loved the King's sewer with an unlawful love, and went to visit him whenever the King was absent. So on the eighth day after the King had started, they met in the bedchamber at midday and mounted the bed together, little heeding the presence of the wolf. And when the wolf saw them rushing into each other's impious embraces he blazed forth with fury, his eyes reddening, and the hair on his neck standing up, and he began to make as though he would attack them, but was held back by the chain by which he was fastened. And when he saw they had no intention of desisting from the iniquity on which they had embarked, he gnashed his teeth, and dug up the ground with his paws, and venting his rage over all his body, with awful howls he stretched the chain with such violence that it snapped in two. When loose he rushed with fury upon the sewer and threw him from the bed, and tore him so savagely that he left him half-dead. But to the Queen he did no harm at all, but only gazed upon her with venom in his eye. Hearing the mournful groans of the sewer, the servants tore the door from its hinges and rushed in. When asked the cause of all the tumult, that cunning Queen concocted a lying story, and told the servants that the wolf had devoured her son, and had torn the sewer as they saw while he was attempting to rescue the little one from death, and that he would have treated her in the same way had they not arrived in time to succour her. So the sewer was brought half dead to the guest-chamber. But the Queen fearing that the King might somehow discover the truth of the matter, and considering how she might take her revenge on the wolf, shut up the child, whom she had represented as having been devoured by the wolf, along with his nurse in an


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Rh that are sure to arise in the times of such advances that have taken place, for the failure or refusal of the foreign producer of the necessary raw materials to make delivery to purchasers who, upon the faith of their contracts, have, in turn, sold against such contracts? 8. What sums should be reserved to cover penalties, fines, or the expenses and costs of litigation of those who may have honestly differed with the government's enforcing officers. It cannot easily be ascertained how enormous these unknowable items have already been even in cases where those charged with a violation of the Act have been exonerated by the Court, or acquitted by the jury. 9. What sum must be calculated to cover the enormous variation in the value of money that has taken place, and which has really turned all business into a most dangerous gamble? 10. And what sum, under all these conditions, is a man fairly to be allowed for the fact that from his profit he must buy his living from others whose commodities have likewise enormously increased, if not in value, at least in price? Are some to be denied the equal protection of the law in this respect, and others given it? That must in such case be the inevitable effect! If justice is to be done, all these questions, and many more like them, must be answered, even thought it is beyond the power of the human intellect to do so. Of course, the difficulties enumerated are passed along the line. The manufacturer has to meet it; the wholesaler, in turn, is governed by what the manufacture has to guess at, before the retailer has his turn.

If this be called theory, let us turn to real facts, and reason that from what has happened we may form a fair conclusion as to what may happen. Let us continue with the sugar case, as that is the most discussed subject.


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User:Dominic/100 Milestone Documents

This is a list of the United States' 100 Milestone Documents (through 1965), compiled by the National Archives and Records Administration. The documents are selected from the National Archives' holdings.

 * 1) Lee Resolution (1776)
 * 2) Declaration of Independence  (1776)
 * 3) Articles of Confederation (1777)
 * 4) Treaty of Alliance with France (1778)
 * 5) Original Design of the Great Seal of the United States (1782)
 * 6) Treaty of Paris (1783)
 * 7) Virginia Plan (1787)
 * 8) Northwest Ordinance (1787)
 * 9) Constitution of the United States (1787)
 * 10) Federalist Papers, No. 10 & No. 51 (1787-1788)
 * 11) President George Washington's First Inaugural Speech (1789)
 * 12) Federal Judiciary Act (1789)
 * 13) Bill of Rights (1791)
 * 14) Patent for Cotton Gin (1794)
 * 15) President George Washington's Farewell Address (1796)
 * 16) Alien and Sedition Acts (1798)
 * 17) Jefferson's Secret Message to Congress Regarding the Lewis & Clark Expedition (1803)
 * 18) Louisiana Purchase Treaty (1803)
 * 19) Marbury v. Madison (1803)
 * 20) Treaty of Ghent (1814)
 * 21) McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
 * 22) Missouri Compromise (1820)
 * 23) Monroe Doctrine (1823)
 * 24) Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
 * 25) President Andrew Jackson's Message to Congress 'On Indian Removal' (1830)
 * 26) Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (1848)
 * 27) Compromise of 1850 (1850)
 * 28) Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
 * 29) Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857)
 * 30) Telegram Announcing the Surrender of Fort Sumter (1861)
 * 31) Homestead Act (1862)
 * 32) Pacific Railway Act (1862)
 * 33) Morrill Act (1862)
 * 34) Emancipation Proclamation (1863)
 * 35) War Department General Order 143: Creation of the U.S. Colored Troops (1863)
 * 36) Gettysburg Address (1863)
 * 37) Wade-Davis Bill (1864)
 * 38) President Abraham Lincoln's Second Inaugural Address (1865)
 * 39) Articles of Agreement Relating to the Surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia (1865)
 * 40) 13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Abolition of Slavery (1865)
 * 41) Check for the Purchase of Alaska (1868)
 * 42) Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868)
 * 43) 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Civil Rights (1868)
 * 44) 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Voting Rights (1870)
 * 45) Act Establishing Yellowstone National Park (1872)
 * 46) Thomas Edison's Patent Application for the Light Bulb (1880)
 * 47) Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)
 * 48) Pendleton Act (1883)
 * 49) Interstate Commerce Act (1887)
 * 50) Dawes Act (1887)
 * 51) Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890)
 * 52) Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
 * 53) De Lôme Letter (1898)
 * 54) Joint Resolution to Provide for Annexing the Hawaiian Islands to the United States (1898)
 * 55) Platt Amendment (1903)
 * 56) Theodore Roosevelt's Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine (1905)
 * 57) 16th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Federal Income Tax (1913)
 * 58) 17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)
 * 59) Keating-Owen Child Labor Act of 1916 (1916)
 * 60) Zimmermann Telegram (1917)
 * 61) Joint Address to Congress Leading to a Declaration of War Against Germany (1917)
 * 62) President Woodrow Wilson's 14 Points (1918)
 * 63) 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Women's Right to Vote (1920)
 * 64) Boulder Canyon Project Act (1928)
 * 65) Tennessee Valley Authority Act (1933)
 * 66) National Industrial Recovery Act (1933)
 * 67) National Labor Relations Act (1935)
 * 68) Social Security Act (1935)
 * 69) President Franklin Roosevelt's Radio Address unveiling the second half of the New Deal (1936)
 * 70) President Franklin Roosevelt's Annual Message (Four Freedoms) to Congress]] (1941)
 * 71) Lend-Lease Act (1941)
 * 72) Executive Order 8802: Prohibition of Discrimination in the Defense Industry (1941)
 * 73) Joint Address to Congress Leading to a Declaration of War Against Japan (1941)
 * 74) Executive Order 9066: Resulting in the Relocation of Japanese (1942)
 * 75) General Dwight D. Eisenhower's Order of the Day (1944)
 * 76) Servicemen's Readjustment Act (1944)
 * 77) Manhattan Project Notebook (1942)
 * 78) Surrender of Germany (1945)
 * 79) United Nations Charter (1945)
 * 80) Surrender of Japan (1945)
 * 81) Truman Doctrine (1947)
 * 82) Marshall Plan (1948)
 * 83) Press Release Announcing U.S. Recognition of Israel (1948)
 * 84) Executive Order 9981: Desegregation of the Armed Forces (1948)
 * 85) Armistice Agreement for the Restoration of the South Korean State (1953)
 * 86) Senate Resolution 301: Censure of Senator Joseph McCarthy (1954)
 * 87) Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
 * 88) National Interstate and Defense Highways Act (1956)
 * 89) Executive Order 10730: Desegregation of Central High School (1957)
 * 90) President Dwight D. Eisenhower's Farewell Address (1961)
 * 91) President John F. Kennedy's Inaugural Address (1961)
 * 92) Executive Order 10924: Establishment of the Peace Corps. (1961)
 * 93) Transcript of John Glenn's Official Communication with the Command Center (1962)
 * 94) Aerial Photograph of Missiles in Cuba (1962)
 * 95) Test Ban Treaty (1963)
 * 96) Official Program for the March on Washington (1963)
 * 97) Civil Rights Act (1964)
 * 98) Tonkin Gulf Resolution (1964)
 * 99) Social Security Act Amendments (1965)
 * 100) Voting Rights Act (1965)

title: User:Dominic/100 Milestone Documents


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 century, must accordingly have been composed as early as the second half of the preceding century. It contains 778 verses in the tail-rhyme stanza. Summarized by Köhler, ''Or. und Occ.'' ii. 325, by Foerster, Richars li Biaus, pp. xxiv-xxvi, by Groome, Folk-Lore, ix. 236, and by Hippe (with great care), pp. 160-164. Compared with Oliver by Wilhelmi, pp. 58 f.

Found without essential difference in several chapbooks, the earliest owned by the British Museum being entitled: The Second Part of | Jack and the Giants. | Giving a full Account of his victorious Conquests over | the North Country Giants; destroying the inchanted | Castle kept by Galligantus; dispersed the fiery Grif- | fins; put the Conjuror to Flight; and released not | only many Knights and Ladies, but likewise a Duke's | Daughter, to whom he was honourably married. Newcastle-on-Tyne, 1711. Other editions with the story are: The History of Jack and the Giants, Aldermary Churchyard, London; same title, Bow Church Yard, London; same title, Cowgate, Edinburgh; The Pleasant and delightful History of Jack and the Giants, Nottingham, Printed for the Running Stationers, and The Wonderful History of Jack the Giant-Killer, Manchester, Printed by A. Swindells; all without date. The Newcastle edition was reprinted by Halliwell-Phillipps in Popular Rhymes and Nursery Tales, 1849, in which our tale appears at pp. 67-77. Apparently the British Museum copy dated 1711 is that owned by Halliwell-Phillipps. From his edition it has been reprinted by Groome, Folk-Lore, ix. 237 f., and summarized by Köhler, ''Or. und Occ.'' ii. 327 f., and Sepp, p. 685. See also Stephens, p. 8. Hippe, p. 164, and Wilhelmi, p. 45.

The Factor's Garland or The Turkey Factor, a tale in English verse, which may be regarded as a popular ballad, though by no

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 means as a primitive one. It has often been reprinted as a chapbook or broadside. The library of Harvard University possesses copies of no less than eight different editions (see W. C. Lane, Catalogue of English and American Chap-Books and Broadside Ballads in Harvard College Library, 1905, nos. 809-815, 2420). An examination of these shows that they differ from each other in no essential point, though they vary considerably in statements of time. The British Museum Catalogue of Printed Books lists seven editions, all different from those at Harvard, with one possible exception. The popularity of the story, at one time at least, is thus strikingly illustrated. Another variant, reported from oral tradition, has been found in North Carolina. See the paper read by J. B, Henneman before the Modern Language Association of America on Dec. 29, 1906.

George Peele, The Old Wives' Tale (1590), published in 1595, Ed. by Dyce, 1828 and 1861, by Bullen, 1888, and by Gummere in Gayley's Representative English Comedies, 1903, pp. 349-382. See H. Dutz for an elaborate discussion of the connection of the play with our theme.

Philip Massinger (and Nathaniel Field), The Fatal Dowry. First printed in 1632. Ed. A. Symons, Mermaid Series, 1889, ii. 87-182.

Nicholas Rowe, The Fair Penitent, The Dramatick Works of Nicholas Rowe Esq., 1720, vol. i.

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text:
Author:Arthur Wollaston Hutton

Works

 * (ed.) Arthur Young's Tour in Ireland by Young (1892)
 * Cardinal Manning (1894)
 * (Leo XIII.)

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68 Stat. 626. 42 USC 1460. Report to Congress.

PUBLIC LAW 91-609-DEC. 31, 1970

[84 STAT.

apply to projects assisted under this Act as if such projects were being carried out in urban renewal areas as part of urban renewal projects within the meaning of section 110 of the Housing Act of 1949. (f) The Secretary shall report annually to the Congress with respect to the status of demonstration projects funded by him and shall make such recommendations to the Congress as he deems necessary to further the purposes of this section. TITLE VI—CKIME INSURANCE FINDINGS AND PURPOSE

82 Stat. 556. 12 USC 1749bbb note.

SEC. 601. Section 1102(b) of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968 is amended by striking out "and" immediately before " (2) ", and by inserting before the period at the end thereof the following: "; and (3) provide direct insurance through the facilities of the Federal Government in the case of properties for which statewide programs and the Federal reinsurance program either do not make crime insurance available or offer such insurance to property owners only at prohibitive cost". AMENDMENTS TO TITLE XII OF THE NATIONAL HOUSING ACT

12 USC i7 49bbb.

SEC. 602. (a) Section 1201 of the National Housing Act is amended to read as follows: " P R O G R A M AUTHORITY

12 USC 1749bbb12 USC 1749bbb-

Definitions. 12 USC 1749bbb-

"SEC. 1201. (a) The Secretary is authorized to establish and carry out the programs provided for in parts A, B, C, and D of this title. " (b)(1) The powers of the Secretary under this title shall terminate on April 30, 1975, except to the extent necessary— " (A) to continue reinsurance and direct insurance in accordance with the provisions of sections 1223(b) and 1231(c) until April 30, 1978; " (B) to process, verify, and pay claims for reinsured losses and directly insured losses and perform other necessary functions in connection therewith; and " (C) to complete the liquidation and termination of the reinsurance and direct insurance programs. "(2) On April 30, 1978, or as soon thereafter as possible, the Secretary shall submit to the Congress, for its approval, a plan for the liquidation and termination of the reinsurance and direct insurance programs." (b) Section 1203(a) of such Act is amended by redesignating paragraphs (1) through (13) as paragraphs (4) through (16), respectively, and by inserting immediately after and below "the term—" the following new paragraphs: "(1) 'affordable rate' means such premium rate as the Secretary determines would permit the purchase of a specific type of insurance coverage by a reasonably prudent person in similar circumstances with due regard to the costs and benefits involved; "(2) 'crime insurance' means insurance against losses resulting from robbery, burglary, larceny, and similar crimes, and may include broad form personal theft insurance, mercantile open stock insurance, mercantile robbery and mercantile safe burglary insurance, storekeepers burglary and robbery insurance, office burglary and robbery insurance, and may include business interruption insurance as the Secretary may designate; the term does not include automobile insurance or losses resulting from embezzlement:

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"(3) 'directly insured losses' means losses on direct insurance claims and all direct expenses incurred in connection therewith, including but not limited to expenses for processing, verifying, and paying such losses;". (c) Section 1221(a)(2) of such Act is amended by striking out "section 1203(a) (10)" each place it appears and inserting in lieu thereof "section 1203(a) (13)". (d) Title X II of such Act is amended by redesignating part C and sections 1231 through 1241 as part D and sections 1241 through 1251, respectively, and by inserting after part B the following new part:

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f^ jT^n'i^^^a]

12 USC 1749bbb-

12 USC 1749bbb-

" P A R T C — FEDERAL iNSURi'iNCE A G A I N S T BURGLARY AND THE F T "REVIEW A N D PROGRAM AUTHORITY

"SEC, 1231. (a) The Secretary shall conduct a continuing review of the market availability situation in each of the several States to determine whether crime insurance is available at affordable rates either through the normal insurance market or through a suitable program adopted under State law\ "(b) Upon determining pursuant to subsection (a) that, at any time on or after August 1, 1971, a critical market unavailability situation for crime insurance then exists in any State and has not been met through appropriate State action, the Secretary is authorized to make crime insurance available at affordable rates within such State through the facilities of the Federal Government. Such insurance shall be provided upon such terms and conditions, and subject to such deductibles and other restrictions and limitations, as the Secretary deems appropriate, but no such insurance shall be made available to a property which the Secretary determines to be uninsurable or to a property with respect to which reasonable protective measures to prevent loss, consistent with standards established by the Secretary, have not been adopted. " (c) Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, direct insurance may be continued for the term of the policies written prior to the date of termination of the Secretary's direct insurance authority under this part, for as long as the insured pays the required direct insurance premiums; except that direct insurance under this part for any risk shall be terminated after notice whenever the Secretary determines that the standard lines of crime insurance otherwise have become available to such property at affordable rates. "USE or EXISTING FACILITIES AND SERVICES

"SEC. 1232. I n carrying out his responsibilities under this part, the Secretary may utilize— "(1) insurance companies and other insurers, insurance agents and brokers, and insurance adjustment organizations, as fiscal agents of the United States, "(2) officers and employees of the Department of Housing and Urban Development, and such other officers and employees of any executive agency (as defined in section 105 of title 5 of the United States Code) as the Secretary and the head of any such ^° s^^'- ^79. agency may from time to time agree upon, on a reimbursement or other basis, or "(3) both the alternatives specified in paragraphs (1) and (2), or any combination thereof.

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[84 STAT.

"ESTABLISHMENT OF AFFORDABLE RATES

"SEC. 1233. I n estimating the affordable rates for the various crime insurance coverages offered from time to time under this part, the Secretary shall consult with appropriate State insurance authorities and other knowledgeable persons and is authorized to take into consideration the nature and degree of the risks involved, the protective devices employed, the extent of anticipated losses, the prevailing rates for similar coverages in adjacent or comparable areas and territories, the economic importance of the various individual coverages and the type of property involved, and the relative abilities of the particular classes and types of insureds to pay the full estimated costs of such coverages. Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit or require either the adoption of uniform national rates or the periodic modification of currently estimated affordable rates for any particular line or subline of coverage, class, State, territory, or risk on the basis of additional information or actual loss experience. "REPORTS ON OPERATIONS

Rep^orts to Con-

ag^,^;^234. The Secretary shall include in his reports to the Congress on the program authorized by this title full and complete information on his operations and activities under this part, together with such recommendations with respect thereto as he may deem appropriate." 82 Stat. 561. ^^^ Section 1222(a) of such Act is amended by striking out "section 8. " 1233" and inserting in lieu thereof "section 1243". 12 USC i749bbb(f) Section 1244(c) of such Act (as redesignated by subsection (d) ^^' of this section) is amended by striking out "section 1232" and inserting in lieu thereof "section 1242". ^^12 USC i749bbb^g^ Section 1241(a) of such Act (as so redesignated) is amended by inserting "or direct insurance" after "reinsurance", and by inserting "or property owners" after "insurers". (h) Section 1241(b) of such Act (as so redesignated) is amended by inserting "or direct insurance" after "reinsurance". 12 USC i749bbb(^i^ Section 1242(a) of such Act (as so redesignated) is amended— ^^' (1) by striking out "the reinsurance program" and inserting in lieu thereof "the reinsurance and direct insurance programs"; (2) by inserting "or direct insurance" after "reinsurance" in paragraphs (1), (2), and (4); (3) by inserting "or property owner" after "any insurer" where it first appears in paragraph (4); and (4) by inserting "or directly insured" after "reinsured" in paragraph (4). 12 USC i749bbb- Q-^ Section 1243 of such Act (as so redesignated) is amended— 13 (1) by inserting "and direct insurance" after "reinsurance" in subsection (a)(1) and each place it appears in subsection (b)(1); (2) by striking out "part B " in subsection (b)(1) and inserting in lieu thereof "parts B and C"; and (3) by redesignating clauses (4) and (5) of subsection (b) as clauses (5) and (6), and inserting after clause (3) a new clause as follows: "(4) such amounts which are hereby authorized to be appropriated as may be necessary from time to time to reimburse the fund for losses and expenses (including administrative expenses) incurred in carrying out the program authorized under part C;". gress»

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(k) Section 1244(a) of such Act (as so redesignated) is amended by striking out "Any insurer or pool acquiring reinsurance" and inserting in lieu thereof "Any insurer, pool, or property owner acquiring reinsurance or direct insurance". (1) Section 1244(c) of such Act (as so redesignated) is amended by inserting "or direct insurance" after "reinsurance". REVIEW o r

82 Stat. 5 6 5. 12 USC 1749bbb-

STATEWIDE P L A N S

SEC. 603. Title X II of the National Housing Act is amended by inserting after section 1214 a new section as follows: ((OFFICE

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OF REVIEW AND

82 Stat. 556. 12 USC 1749bbb.

COMPLIANCE

"SEC. 1215. The Secretary, through an Office of Review and Compliance under the Federal Insurance Administrator, shall periodically review each plan under this part and the methods and practices by which such plan is being actually carried out in the areas and communities where it is intended to operate, in order to assure that such plan is effectively making essential property insurance readily available in such areas and communities and is otherwise carrying out the purposes of this title, and in order to identify any aspects of the operation or administration of such plan which may require revision, modification, or other action to carry out such purposes." CONFORMING

AMENDMENT

SEC. 604. Clause (2) of the first sentence of section 520(b) of the National Housing Act is amended by inserting "and directly insured" after "reinsured" wherever it appears.

79 Stat. 473; 82 Stat. 566. 12 USC 1735d.

TITLE VII—URBAN GROWTH AND NEW COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SHORT TITLE A N D STATEMENT OF PURPOSE

SEC. 701. (a) This title may be cited as the "Urban Growth and New Community Development Act of 1970". (b) It is the policy of the Congress and the purpose of this title to provide for the development of a national urban growth policy and to encourage the rational, orderly, efficient, and economic growth, development, and redevelopment of our States, metropolitan areas, cities, counties, towns, and communities in predominantly rural areas which demonstrate a special potential for accelerated growth; to encourage the prudent use and conservation of our natural resources; and to encourage and support development which will assure our communities of adequate tax bases, community services, job opportunities, and well-balanced neighborhoods in socially, economically, and physically attractive living environments. PART A—DEVELOPMENT OF A NATIONAL URBAN GROWTH POLICY F I N D I N G S A N D DECLARATION OF P O L I C Y

SEC. 702. (a) The Congress finds that the rapid growth of urban population and uneven expansion of urban development in the United States, together with a decline in farm population, slower growth in rural areas, and migration to the cities, has created an imbalance between the Nation's needs and resources and seriously threatens our physical environment, and that the economic and social development

e i t a t i o n of title.

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[84 STAT.

of the Nation, the proper conservation of our natural resources, and the achievement of satisfactory living standards depend upon the sound, orderly, and more balanced development of all areas of the Nation. (b) The Congress further finds that Federal programs affect the location of population, economic growth, and the character of urban development; that such programs frequently conflict and result in undesirable and costly patterns of urban development which adversely affect the environment and wastefully use our natural resources; and that existing and future programs must be interrelated and coordinated within a system of orderly development and established priorities consistent with a national urban growth policy. (c) To promote the general welfare and properly apply the resources of the Federal Government in strengthening the economic and social health of all areas of the Nation and more adequately protect the physical environment and conserve natural resources, the Congress declares that the Federal Government, consistent with the responsibilities of State and local government and the private sector, must assume responsibility for the development of a national urban growth policy which shall incorporate social, economic, and other appropriate factors. Such policy shall serv© as a guide in making specific decisions at the national level which affect the pattern of urban growth and shall provide a framework for development of interstate. State, and local growth and stabilization policy. (d) The Congress further declares that the national urban growth policy should— (1) favor patterns of urbanization and economic development and stabilization which offer a range of alternative locations and encourage the wise and balanced use of physical and human resources in metropolitan and urban regions as well as in smaller urban places which have a potential for accelerated growth; (2) foster the continued economic strength of all parts of the United States, including central cities, suburbs, smaller communities, local neighborhoods, and rural areas; (3) help reverse trends of migration and physical growth which reinforce disparities among States, regions, and cities; (4) treat comprehensively the problems of poverty and employment (including the erosion of tax bases, and the need for better community services and job opportunities) which are associated with disorderly urbanization and rural decline; (5) develop means to encourage good housing for all Americans without regard to race or creed; (6) refine the role of the Federal Government in revitalizing existing communities and encouraging planned, large-scale urban and new community development; (7) strengthen the capacity of general governmental institutions to contribute to balanced urban growth and stabilization; and (8) facilitate increased coordination in the administration of Federal programs so as to encourage desirable patterns of urban growth and stabilization, the prudent use of natural resources, and the protection of the physical environment. U R B A N GROWTH REPORT

SEC. 703. (a) I n order to assist in the development of a national urban growth policy, the President shall utilize the capacity of his office, adequately organized and staffed for the purpose, through an identified unit of the Domestic Council, and of the departments and agencies within the executive branch to collect, analyze, and evaluate such statistics, data, and other information (including demographic,

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economic, social, land use, environmental, and governmental information) as will enable him to transmit to the Congress, during the month of February in every even-numbered year beginning with 1972, a Report on Urban Growth for the preceding two calendar years which shall include— (1) information and statistics describing characteristics of urban growth and stabilization and identifying significant trends and developments; (2) a summary of significant problems facing the United States as a result of urban growth trends and developments; (3) an evaluation of the progress and effectiveness of Federal efforts designed to meet such problems and to carry out the national urban growth policy; (4) an assessment of the policies and structure of existing and proposed interstate planning and developments affecting such policy; (5) a review of State, local, and private policies, plans, and programs relevant to such policy; (6) current and foreseeable needs in the areas served by policies, plans, and programs designed to carry out such policy, and the steps being taken to meet such needs; and (7) recommendations for programs and policies for carrying out such policy, including such legislation and administrative actions as may be deemed necessary and desirable. (b) The President may transmit from time to time to the Congress Supplementary supplementary reports on urban growth which shall include such sup- reports, transmittal to Congress. plementary and revised recommendations as may be appropriate. Advisory board, (c) To assist in the preparation of the Report on Urban Growth establishment. and any supplementary reports, the President may establish an advisory board, or seek the advice from time to time of temporary advisory boards, the members of whom shall be drawn from among private citizens familiar with the problems of urban growth and from among Federal officials, Governors of States, mayors, county officials, members of State and local legislative bodies, and others qualified to assist in the preparation of such reports. PART B—DEVELOPMENT or NEW COMMUNITIES FINDINGS AND PURPOSE

SEC. 710. (a) The Congress finds that this Nation is likely to experience during the remaining years of this century a population increase of about seventy-five million persons. (b) The Congress further finds that continuation of established patterns of urban development, together with the anticipated increase in population, will result in (1) inefficient and wasteful use of land resources which are of national economic and environmental importance; (2) destruction of irreplaceable natural and recreational resources and increasing pollution of air and water; (3) diminished opportunity for the private homebuilding industry to operate at its highest potential capacity in providing good housing needed to serve the expanding population and to replace substandard housing; (4) costly and inefficient public facilities and services at all levels of government; (5) unduly limited options for many of our people as to where they may live, and the types of housing and environment in which they may live; (6) failure to make the most economic use of present and potential resources of many of the Nation's smaller cities and towns, including those in rural and economically depressed areas, and decreasing employment and business opportunities for their

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residents; (7) further lessening of employment and business opportunities for the residents of central cities and of the ability of such cities to retain a tax base adequate to support vital services for all their citizens, particularly the poor and disadvantaged; (8) further separation of people within metropolitan areas by income and by race; (9) further increases in the distances between the places where people live and where they work and find recreation; and (10) increased cost and decreased effectiveness of public and private facilities for urban transportation. (c) The Congress further finds that better patterns of urban development and revitalization are essential to accommodate future population growth; to prevent further deterioration of the Nation's physical and social environment; and to make positive contributions to improving the overall quality of life within the Nation, New community (^(J) xiie Cougress furthcr finds that the national welfare requires development. the encouragement of well-planned, diversified, and economically sound new communities, including major additions to existing communities, as one of several essential elements of a consistent national program for bettering patterns of development and renewal. (e) The Congress further finds that desirable new community development on a significant national scale has been prevented by difficulties in (1) obtaining adequate financing at moderate cost for enterprises which involve large initial capital investment, extensive periods before investment can be returned, and irregular patterns of return; (2) the timely assembly of sufficiently large sites in economically favorable locations at reasonable cost; and (3) making necessary arrangements, among all private and public organizations involved, for providing site and related improvements (including streets, sewer and water facilities, and other public and conununity facilities) in a timely and coordinated manner. Federal financial (f) I t is, therefore, the purpose of this part to provide private assistance. developers and State and local public bodies and agencies (including regional or metropolitan public bodies and agencies) with financial and other assistance necessary for encouraging the orderly development of well-planned, diversified, and economically sound new communities, including major additions to existing communities, and to do so in a manner which will rely to the maximum extent on private enterprise; strengthen the capacity of State and local governments to deal with local problems; preserve and enhance both the natural and urban environment; increase for all persons, particularly members of minority groups, the available choices of locations for living and working, thereby providing a more just economic and social environment; encourage the fullest utilization of the economic potential of older central cities, smaller towns, and rural communities; assist in the efficient production of a steady supply of residential, commercial, and industrial building sites at reasonable cost; increase the capability of all segments of the home-building industry, including both small and large producers, to utilize improved technology in producing the large volume of well-designed, inexpensive housing needed to accommodate population growth; help create neighborhoods designed for easier access between the places where people live and the placies where they work and find recreation; and encourage desirable innovation in meeting domestic problems whether physical, economic, or social. I t is also the purpose of this part to improve the organizational capacity of the Federal Government to carry out programs of assistance for the development of new communities and the revitalization of the Nation's urban areas.

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PUBLIC LAW 91-609-DEC. 31, 1970 DEFINITIONS

SEC. 711. As used in this part— (a) The term "new community development program" means a program which is intended to result in a newly built community or a major addition to an existing community and which meets the eligibility standards set forth in section 712. (b) The term "private new community developer" means any private entity organized in a form satisfactory to the Secretary for carrying out one or more new community development programs. (c) The term "State land deA'elopment agency" means any State or local public body or agency with authority to act as developer in carrying out one or more new community development programs. (d) The term "State" means any State of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, any territory or possession of the United States, or any agency or instrumentality of any of the foregoing. (e) The term "local public body or agency" means any public body or agency, including a political subdivision, created by or under the laws of a State or two or more States, or a combination of such bodies or agencies. (f) The term "land development" means the process of clearing and grading land, making, installing, or constructing waterlines and water supply installations, sewerlines and sewage disposal installations, steam, gas, and electric lines and installations, roads, streets, curbs, gutters, sidewalks, storm drainage facilities, and other installations or work, whether on or off the site, which the Secretary deems necessary or desirable to prepare land for residential, commercial, industrial, or other uses, or to provide facilities for public or common use. The term "land development" includes the construction of public facilities, but does not include the construction of any other building unless it is (1) needed in connection with a water supply or sewage disposal installation or a steam, gas, or electric line or installation, or (2) is to be owned and maintained by residents of the new community under joint or cooperative arrangements approved by the Secretary. (g) The term "actual cost" means the costs (exclusive of rebates or discounts) incurred by a new community developer in carrying out the land development assisted under this Act. These costs may include amounts paid for labor, materials, construction contracts, land planning, engineers' and architect's fees, surveys, taxes, and interest during development, organizational and legal expenses, such allocation of general overhead expenses as are acceptable to the Secretary, and other items of expense incidental to development which may be approved by the Secretary. If the Secretary determines that there is an identity of interest between the developer and a contractor, there may be included as a part of actual cost an allowance for the contractor's profit or risk an amount deemed reasonable by the Secretary. (h) The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development. (i) The term "Community Development Corporation" means the corporation established within the Department of Housing and Urban Development under section 729.

47-348 O - 72 - 30 (Pt. 2)

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PUBLIC LAW 91-609-DEC. 31, 1970 ELIGIBLE N E W COMMUNITY

[84

STAT.

DEVELOPMENT

SEC. 712. (a) A new community development program is eligible for assistance under this part only if the Secretary determines that the program (or the new community it contemplates)— (1) will provide an alternative to disorderly urban growth, helping preserve or enhance desirable aspects of the natural and urban environment or so improving general and economic conditions in established communities as to help reverse migration from existing cities or rural areas; (2) will be economically feasible in terms of economic base or potential for economic growth; (3) will contribute to the welfare of the entire area which will be substantially affected by the program and of which the land to be developed is a part; (4) is consistent with comprehensive planning, physical and social, determined by the Secretary to provide an adequate basis for evaluating the new community development program in relation to other plans (including State, local, and private plans) and activities involving area population, housing and development trends, and transportation, water, sewerage, open space, recreation, and other relevant facilities; (5) has received all governmental reviews and approvals required by State or local law, or by the Secretary; (6) will contribute to good living conditions in the community, and that such community will be characterized by well balanced and diversified land use patterns and will include or be served by adequate public, community, and commercial facilities (including facilities needed for education, health and social services, recreation, and transportation) deemed satisfactory by the Secretary; (7) makes substantial provision for housing within the means of persons of low and moderate income and that such housing will constitute an appropriate proportion of the community's housing supply; and (8) will make significant use of advances in design and technology with respect to land utilization, materials and methods of construction, and the provision of community facilities and services. (b) A new community development program approved for assistance under this part shall be undertaken by a private new community developer or State land development agency approved by the Secretary on the basis of financial, technical, and administrative ability which demonstrates capacity to carry out the program with reasonable assurance of its completion. GUARANTEES

Prohibition,

SEC. 713. (a) The Secretary (acting through the Community Development Corporation) is authorized to guarantee, and enter into <',ommitments to guarantee, the bonds, debentures, notes, and other obligations issued by or on behalf of private new community developers and State land development agencies for the purpose of financing real property acquisition and land development and to compensate for the use of real property or the removal of liens or encumbrances on such property, pursuant to the new community development programs approved by the Secretary. The Secretary may make such guarantees and enter into such commitments upon such terms and conditions as lie may prescribe consistent with the limitations and conditions contained in section 716; except that no obligation of any State land development agency shall be guaranteed under this section if the income from such obligation is exempt from Federal taxation. The

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Secretary is authorized to make grants to any State land development agency the obligations of which are guaranteed under this section in amounts estimated by him not to exceed the difference between the interest paid on such obligations and the interest on similar obligations the income from which is exempt from Federal taxation. (b) The full faith and credit of the United States is pledged to the payment of all guarantees made under this section with respect to principal, interest, and any redemption premiums. Any such guarantee made by the Secretary shall be conclusive evidence of the eligibility of the obligations for such guarantee, and the validity of any guarantee so made shall be incontestable in the hands of a holder of the guaranteed obligation. (c) The outstanding bonds, debentures, notes or other obligations guaranteed under this section with respect to a single new community development program shall involve a principal obligation in an amount (1) in the case of a State land development agency, not exceeding 100 per centum of the sum of the Secretary's estimate of the value of the real property before development and his estimate of the actual cost of the land development, or (2) in the case of a private new community developer, not exceeding the sum of 80 per centum of the Secretary's estimate of the value of the real property before development and 90 per centum of his estimate of the actual cost of the land development. (d) The outstanding principal obligations guaranteed under this section with respect to a single new community development program shall at no time exceed $50,000,000. (e) The aggregate of the outstanding principal obligations guaranteed under this section shall at no time exceed $500,000,000.

1797

Limitations.

LOANS

SEC. 714. (a) The Secretary (acting through the Community Development Corporation) is authorized, subject to the limitations and conditions contained in section 716, to make and enter into agreements to make loans to or on behalf of private new community developers and State land development agencies for the purpose of assisting them to make interest payments on indebtedness incurred by them to finance new community development programs approved by him. Loans under this section shall be in amounts which do not exceed the amount of interest the Secretary estimates is payable on indebtedness attributable to land acquisition or land development and shall be made only with respect to interest payments on indebtedness outstanding during, an initial development period (not to exceed fifteen years) which the Secretary estimates to be prior to the time when land marketing activity is of sufficient volume to permit continued development under the new community development program without the benefit of further loans under this section. (b) The Secretary shall require that loans under this section shall be repaid, with interest and on terms and conditions satisfactory to him, commencing at such time as development progress and marketing under the new community development program permit such repayment, but not later than fifteen years after the date the loan is made. Such loans shall bear interest at a rate specified by the Secretary which shall not be less than a rate determined by the Secretary of the Treasury taking into consideration the current average market yield on outstanding marketable obligations of the United States with remaining periods to maturity comparable to the average maturities of such loans, plus one-eighth of 1 per centum.

Repayment.

interest rate.

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 1798 Limitations.

PUBLIC LAW 91-609-DEC. 31, 1970

[84

STAT.

(c) The principal amount of the loans outstanding at any time under this section with respect to a single new community development program shall not exceed $20,000,000. (d) The aggregate principal amount of the loans outstanding under this section shall at no time exceed $240,000,000. P U B L I C SERVICE GRANTS

Appropriation*

SEC. 715. In addition to providing assistance under the preceding sections, the Secretary (acting through the Community Development Corporation) may make public service grants (in such amounts and on such terms and conditions as he deems appropriate) to a State land development agency or to the State or local public body having responsibility for providing the services involved to cover the cost of providing during an initial period (not exceeding three years) essential public services (including educational, health, and safety services) which the Secretary deems necessary adequately to serve the needs of the residents of the development prior to completion of permanent arrangements for the provision of such services. There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this section. L I M I T A T I O N S ON GUAIL^NTEES A N D LOANS

SEC. 716. (a) No guarantee or loan shall be made under this part unless the Secretary has determined that the new community development program represents an acceptable financial risk to the United States, taking into consideration (1) the financial and security interests of the United States, including the manner in which the developer proposes to finance and schedule land acquisition, land development, and marketing, and (2) the public purposes of this pait and the special problems involved in financing new communities, including (i) the large amount of initial capital required to finance sound new communities, (ii) the extended period before initial returns can be expected, and (iii) the irregular pattern of cash returns characteristic of this type of development. (b) The Secretary shall take such steps as he considers reasonable to assure that bonds, debentures, notes, and. other obligations guaranteed, or with repect to which interest loans are made, under this part will— (1) be issued to investors approved by, or meeting requirements prescribed by, the Secretary, or if an offering to the public is contemplated, be underwritten upon terms and conditions approved by the Secretary; (2) bear interest at a rate satisfactory to the Secretary; (3) contain or be subject to repayment, maturity, and other provisions satisfactory to the Secretary; and (4) contain or be subject to provisions with respect to the protection of the security interests of the United States, including any provisions deemed appropriate by the Secretary relating to subrogation, liens, and releases of liens, payment of taxes, cost certification procedures, escrow or trusteeship requirements or other matters. REVOLVING Establishment.

FUND

SEC. 717. (a) The Secretary is authorized to establish a revolving fund to provide for (1) the timely payment of any liabilities incurred as the result of guarantees or grants under section 713; (2) makingloans authorized under this part; (3) payment of obligations issued to the Secretary of the Treasury under subsection (b) of this section; and (4) any other program expenditures, including administrative

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and nonadministrative expenses. Such revolving fund shall be comprised of (1) receipts from fees and charges; (2) recoveries under security, subrogation, and other rights; (3) repayments, interest income, and any other receipts obtained in connection with guarantees or loans made under this part; (4) proceeds of the obligations issued to the Secretary of the Treasury pursuant to subsection (b) of this section; and (5) such sums, which are hereby authorized to be appropriated, as may be required for the payment of the obligations issued to the Secretary of the Treasury for the purpose of making grants to State land development agencies under section 713, and for other purposes under this part. Money in the revolving fund not currently needed for the purpose of this part shall be kept in cash on hand or on deposit, or invested in obligations of the United States or guaranteed thereby, or in obligations, participations, or other instruments which are lawful investments for fiduciary, trust, or public funds. (b) The Secretary may issue obligations to the Secretary of the Treasury in an amount sufficient to enable the Secretary to carry out the functions authorized by this part. The obligations issued under this subsection shall have such maturities and bear such rate or rates of interest as shall be determined by the Secretary of the Treasury. The Secretary of the Treasury is authorized and directed to purchase any obligations so issued, and for that purpose he is authorized to use as a public debt transaction the proceeds from the sale of any securities issued under the Second Liberty Bond Act, and the purposes ^° ^^^' ^ss. for which securities may be issued under that Act are extended to include purchases of the obligations, hereunder. (c) Notwithstanding any other provision of law relating to the Expenses, payacquisition, handling, improvement, or disposal of real and other '^^^^' property by the United States, the Secretary shall have power, for the protection of the interests of the fund authorized under this section, to pay out of such fund all expenses or charges in connection with the acquisition, handling, improvement, or disposal of any property, real or personal, acquired by him as a result of recoveries under security, subrogation, or other rights. S U P P L E M E N T A R Y GRANTS FOR P U B L I C

FACILITIES

SEC. 718. (a^ The Secretary is authorized to make supplementary grants to any State or local public body or agency carrying out a new community assistance project, as defined in subsection (c), if the Secretary determines that such project is necessary or desirable for carrying out a new community development program. In no case shall any grant under this section exceed 20 per centum of the cost of the new community assistance project for which the grant is made; and in no case shall the total Federal contributions to the cost of such project be more than 80 per centum. (b) I n carrying out his authority under this section, the Secretary shall, with respect to any new community assistance project assisted by grants administered by a Federal department or agency other than the Department of Housing and Urban Development, consult with such department or agency concerning the project; and he shall, for the purpose of subsection (a), accept the certification of such department or agency as to the cost of such project. (c) For the purposes of this section, a "new community assistance ag'sfs^^n^e"?"""^ project" is a project assisted by grants under section 3 of the Urban ect." Mass Transportation Act of 1964; section 120(a) of title 23, United ^"'^' P- ^^2. States Code; section 19 of the Airport and Airway Development Act ^2 Stat. 335. of 1970; title VI of the Public Health Service Act; title II of the ^^"S' ''* ^f' Library Services and Construction Act; section 5 of the Land and 20 USC 355a. Water Conservation F u n d Act of 1965; title VII of thie Housing Act le use 46orn.

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 1800 Ante, p. 1781. 42 USC 3102, 3103. 33 USC 466e. 7 USC 1926. 20 USC 713,714. 42 USC 3131.

Appropriation.

82 Stat. 516; 83 Stat. 391. 42 USC 3911.

PUBLIC LAW 91^09-DEC. 31, 1970

[84 STAT.

of 1961; section 702 or 703 of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1965; section 8 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act; section 306(a)(2) of the Consolidated Farmers Home Administration Act; section 103 or 104 of the Higher Education Facilities Act of 1963; or section 101(a)(1) of the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 with respect to projects of a type eligible for assistance under any of the other provisions of law listed in this subsection. (d) There are authorized to be appropriated for supplementary grants under this section not to exceed $36,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1971, not to exceed $66,000,000 for each of the fiscal years ending June 30, 1972, and June 30, 1973, and not to exceed such sums as may be necessary for any fiscal year commencing after June 30, 1973, Any amount so appropriated shall remain available until expended, and any amounts authorized for any fiscal year but not appropriated may be appropriated for any succeeding fiscal year. In addition, the amounts authorized to be appropriated for grants under section 412 of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968 and the amounts appropriated thereunder shall be available for carrying out this section and shall remain available until appropriated and expended. TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

SEC. 719. The Secretary is authorized to provide, either directly or by contract or other arrangements, technical assistance to private new community developers and State land development agencies, or State and local public bodies and agencies to assist them in connection with planning and carrying out new community development programs. SPECIAL PLANNING ASSISTANCE

Appropriation.

SEC. 720. (a) The Secretary may, until June 30, 1975, enter into agreements with private new community developers and State land development agencies to provide financial assistance, in amounts, not exceeding two-thirds of the estimated cost of such work, for planning new community development programs, including planning work which he determines will have special A^alue in assuring that new community development programs (1) will be fully responsive to social or environmental problems related to the public purposes of new community development, or (2) will adequately provide for, or encourage the use of, new or advanced technology in support of program objectives. (b) The Secretary shall enter into agreements under this section only with respect to new community development programs which had been approved or are being actively considered for approval, having met such initial feasibility criteria as the Secretary may have prescribed, and, in the case of private new community developers, only with respect to planning work which the Secretary determines is in excess of that which would ordinarily be needed to establish final market, financial, and engineering feasibility for programs or projects of similar size and scope not subject to the special purposes of this part. The financial assistance extended pursuant to such agreements shall be subject to such terms and conditions, which, in the case of private new community developers, may include provisions for repayment where appropriate, as the Secretary may prescribe. (c) There are authorized to be appropriated for financial assistance under this section not to exceed $5,000,000, which limit shall be increased by $5,000,000 on July Ij 1971. Any amount appropriated under this section shall remain available until expended.

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F E E S A N D CHARGES

SEC. 721. The Secretary is authorized to establish and collect fees for guarantees under this part, and may make such charges in connection with guarantees, loans, and technical and other assistance under this part as he considers reasonable for the analysis of applications, appraisals, inspections, and other activities related to such assistance. On or before March 1, 1973, the Secretary shall make a report to the Report to conCongress concerning the fees and charges for guarantees under this ^''®^^* part that he estimates will be adequate to provide income sufficient for a self-supporting guarantee program and concerning the relationship of other charges to costs incurred under this part. E N C O U R A G E M E N T OF SMALL BUILDERS

SEC. 722. The Secretary shall adopt such requirements as he deems necessary to assure that new community assistance under this part will (1) help maintain a diversified, local homebuilding industry; (2) increase the capability of all segments of the homebuilding industry, including both small and large producers, to participate, through an increased supply of building sites at reasonable costs and through improved technology, in producing the needed, large volume of well-designed, inexpensive housing; and (3) encourage broad participation by the homebuilding industry, particularly small builders. NEW

COMMUNITY

DEMONSTRATION

PROJECTS

SEC. 723. Upon specific authorization by the President and under applicable Federal law respecting the use of federally owned lands, the Secretary, utilizing funds made available for the purpose by the Congress, is authorized to plan and carry out large-scale projects demonstrating the development of new communities, which shall be designed to contribute to the achievement of the purposes of this part and serve as models for new community developments which could feasibly be carried out by other public and private developers. REAL PROPERTY TAXATION

SEC. 724. Nothing in this part shall be construed to exempt any real property that may be acquired and held by the Secretary as a result of the exercise of lien or subrogation rights from real property taxation to the same extent, according to its value, as other real property is taxed. AUDIT BY GENERAL ACCOUNTING

OFFICE

SEC. 725. Insofar as they relate to any guarantees, loans, or grants made pursuant to this part, the financial transactions of recipients of Federal assistance may be audited by the General Accounting Office under such rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the Comptroller General of the United States. The representatives of the General Accounting Office shall have access to all books, accounts, records, reports, files, and all other papers, things, or property belonging to or in use by such recipients pertaining to such financial transactions and necessary to facilitate the audit. GENERAL

Records, access.

PROVISIONS

SEC. 726. In the performance of, and with respect to, the functions, powers, and duties vested in him by this part, the Secretary, in addition to any authority otherwise vested in him, shall— (1) have the functions, powers, and duties (including the

P°wers.

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 1802

73^stau68?/ 12 USC i7'49a.

PUBLIC LAW 91-609-DEC. 31, 1970

authority to issue rules and regulations) set forth in section 402, except subsections (c)(2), (c)(4), (d), and (f), of the Housing ^^^ ^^ ^^^^' P'TOvlded, That subsection (a)(1) of section 402 shall uot apply with respect to functions, powers, and duties under section 719 of this part; (2) have the power, notwithstanding any other provision of law, in connection with any assistance under this part, whether before or after any default, to provide by contract for the extinguishment upon default of any redemption, equitable, legal, or other right, title, or interest of the private new community developer or State land development agency in any mortgage, deed, trust, or other instrument held by or on behalf of the Secretary for the protection of the security interests of the United States; and (3) have the power to foreclose on any property or commence any action to protect or enforce any right conferred upon him by law, contract, or other agreement, and bid for and purchase at any foreclosure or other sale any property in connection with which he has provided assistance pursuant to this part. I n the event of any such acquisition, the Secretary may, notwithstanding any other provision of law relating to the acquisition, handling, or disposal of real property by the United States, complete, administer, remodel and convert, dispose of, lease, and otherwise deal with, such property. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary shall also have power to pursue to final collection by way of compromise or otherwise all claims acquired by him in connection with any security, subrogation, or other rights obtained by him in administering this part. TECHNICAL AND CONFORMING

82 Stat. 513.

42 USC 3903.

42 USC 3906.

82'^stat!5*i8!'*' 42 USC 1492.

[84 STAT.

PROVISIONS

SEC. 727. (a) No bonds, debentures, notes, or other obligations shall be guaranteed under title IV of the Housing and Urban Development ^p|- Qf -[Qgg after the effective date of this part except pursuant to an offer or commitment to guarantee, or a project approval, made before that date: Provided, That a new community developer whose new community development project has, as of the effective date of this part, been approved by the Secretary under title IV shall be eligible with respect to obligations thereafter issued by him for guarantee assistance as authorized either by title IV or by this part, and such guarantee assistance may be given without a further determination by the Secretary under sections 712 and 716(a) of this part. If the Secretary finds that an applicant for title 'IV assistance has submitted complete financial and internal development plans and related materials pursuant to section 404 of such title IV, or major elements of such plans or materials, the Secretary may accept such plans and materials or major elements, respectively, as fully or partially satisfying the requirement under this part for the submission of a new" community development program. All receipts, funds, or other assets and all liabilities of the revolving fund established pursuant to section 407 of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968 (including liabilities arising under guarantees made pursuant to such title IV and this section) shall become and be assets and liabilities of the revolving fund established pursuant to this part, as if such assets and liabilities had been received or incurred pursuant to this part, and shall be paid over, held, and accounted for accordingly. (^) Section 202(b)(4) of the Housing Amendments of 1955 is amended by adding before the period at the end thereof "or under part B of the Urban Growth and New Community Development Act of 1970".

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(c) The first paragraph of section 24 of the Federal Eeserve Act ga^statrsi"^' is amended by inserting the following before the period at the end 12 USC an. of the fourth sentence thereof: "or under part B of the Urban Growth and New Community Development Act of 1970". (d) The twelfth paragraph of section 5(c) of the Homeowners' Loan Act of 1933 is amended by adding in the last sentence imme- ^2 stau M^S^. diately after "under title IV of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968" the words "or under part B of the LTrban Growth and New Community Development Act of 1970". (e) Section 701 of the Housing Act of 1954 is amended by— H us^c 46^^.' (1) striking out the word "approved" in subsection (a)(4) and adding before the semicolon at the end of such subsection "or under part B of the Urban Growth and New Community Development Act of 1970"; (2) inserting in subsection (b) after "(2) areas described in" the following: "subsection (a)(4) or"; and (3) striking out the "No" at the beginning of the third sentence of subsection (b) and inserting in lieu thereof "Except for planning for areas described in subsection (a)(4), no". (f) All laborers and mechanics employed by contractors or sub- j^^h^an^c" ^a econtractors in land development assisted under this part shall be paid wages at rates not less than those prevailing on similar construction in the locality as determined by the Secretary of Labor in accordance with the Davis-Bacon Act, as amended (40 U.S.C. 276a— 276a-5). No assistance shall be extended under this part for any land '^^ ^'^'* ^°i^' development without first obtaining adequate assurance that these labor standards will be maintained upon the construction work involved in such program. The Secretary of Labor shall have, with respect to the labor standards specified in this section, the authority and functions set forth in Reorganization Plan Numbered 14 of 1950 (64 Stat. 1267), and section 2 of the Act of June 13, 1934 (40 U.S.C. ^ "^^ ^^P276c). ^^ ^ ^ ^ •^°^* (g) With respect to any obligation issued by or on behalf of any State land development agency for which the issuer has elected to receive the benefits of the guarantees provided under this part, the interest paid on such obligation and received by the purchaser thereof (or his successor in interest) shall be included in gross income for the purposes of chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954. ^SA Stat. 3. ^ r L26 USC 1. JOINT FUXDIXG

SEC. 728. Funds made available under any Federal assistance program for projects or activities approved as part of, or pursuant to, a new community development program may be used jointly with funds made available for such projects or activities under any other Federal assistance program, subject to regulations prescribed by the President. Such regulations may include provisions for common technical or administrative requirements where varying or conflicting provisions of law would otherwise apply, for establishing joint management funds and common non-Federal shares, and for special agreements, or delegations of authority, among different Federal agencies in connection with the supervision or administration of assistance. Such regulations shall in any case include appropriate criteria and procedures to assure that any special authorities conferred, which are not otherwise provided for by law, shall be employed only as necessary to promote effective and efficient administration and in a manner consistent with the protection of the Federal interest and program purposes or statutory requirements of a substantive nature. For purposes of this section, the term "Federal assistance program" has the same meaning as under the Intergovernmental Cooperation Act of 1968.

H use 420T'

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