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Rh public schools of N.C. and Ga. before marriage, Universalist. Mem. Woman's Missionary Soc.; pres. Woman's Club; mem. Civic League and Pelham Chapter United Daughters of the Confederacy.

CLENDENING, Lura Kelsey (Mrs. Byron M. Clendening), 434 Race St., Cincinnati, O.

Born St. Mary's, O., July 8, 1859; dau. Jared Hubbard and Rose Lindsley (Burnett) Kelsey; ed. St. Mary's and Celina, O.; m. Ft. Recovery, O., Dec. 31, 1885, Byron M. Clendening (attorney). Has contributed articles and verse to various newspapers and magazines. Author: Ropes of Sand, 1908. Favors woman suffrage.

CLEOPHAS, Kirsti Nerby (Mrs. Edwin Cleophas), Kensett, Ia.

Teacher of voice and piano; b. in Norway, July 26, 1863; dau. Brynjulf and Gertrude (Levorsen) Nerby; ed. in Kensett, Iowa public school, St. Olaf's Coll., Northfield, Minn., 1880-81, where began study of music (Chicago Musical Coll.); grad. in voice and piano, 1903, having previously studied privately at St. Paul, Minn.; Christiania, Norway; Houston, Texas, and at Salt Lake City (under a Leschetizky pupil); m. Kensett, Iowa, May 31, 1882, Edwin Cleophas; children: Gertrude Christene, b. June 23, 1883; Cornelia Beatrice, b. Apr. 29, 1885. Made successful concert tour through Iowa, Minn., and N.Dak. during summer of 1906, assisted by two daughters, Gertrude (pianist), and Cornelia (violinist). Organist in Norwegian Lutheran Church, Kensett, Ia., over six years. First pres. Lutheran Church Aid Soc, organized 1884; first pres. Kensett Woman's Club, organized 1909. Daughter Gertrude has studied piano from childhood, won honors at Chicago Musical Coll. (gold medal on graduation, 1903), student six years with Mme. Fannie Bloomfield Zeisler, 1904-09; since then studying with Theodore Leschetizky at Vienna, Austria.

CLERGUE, Helen, 597 Sherbrook St., Montreal, Can., and Lyceum Club, 128 Picadilly, W., London, Eng.

Author; b. Bangor, Me.; dau. Joseph H. and Frances (Lombard) Clergue; ed. in schools of Bangor, Me., and in Paris and London. Joint editor (with E. S. Roscoe): George Selwyn, Letters and Life, 1899. Author: The Salon, 1907. Contributor to Edinburgh Review and other periodicals. Clubs: Lyecum, Albemarle (London, England).

CLEVELAND, Cynthia E., 6th Auditor's Office, Washington, D.C.

Lawyer, government clerk; b. Canton, N.Y., Aug. 13, 1845; dau. Erin and Laura (Marsh) Cleveland; ed. public schools and Medina Acad., Howard Univ. Law School, LL.B., LL.M. Engaged in practice of law; one of her notable cases was that which she took (while serving as pres. S.Dak. W.C.T.U.) defending a woman accused of selling liquor. Now clerk in civil service. Favors woman suffrage. Books: See-Saw; His Honor.

CLEVELAND, Elizabeth, 220 Kirby Av., East Detroit, Mich.

Teacher; b. Adrian, Mich.; dau. William H. and Agnes (Holley) Cleveland; ed. Univ. of Mich. Has taught in grade school and all grades in high school; has been principal of three large grade schools and has originated the Girls' Continuation School, a part-time public school for girls employed in stores and factories. Interested in welfare work for girls. Favors woman suffrage. Episcopalian. Mem. Detroit Equal Suffrage Club, Detroit College Club, Detroit Women Principals' Club.

CLEVELAND, Ella L. Edwards (Mrs. Edmund F. Cleveland), Dundee, Ill.

Born in Illinois; grad. Rockford (Ill.) Sem. (now Coll.) in the Normal class of 1868; m. Dr. Edmund F. Cleveland, physician of Dundee, Ill.; three children (two living). Epsicopalian; active in church work. Mem. D.A.R. Former pres. Woman's Club of Dundee, Ill.; former historian Woman's Club of Elgin, Ill.

CLEVELAND, Mrs. Grover — see Preston, Frances Folsom Cleveland.

CLEVELAND, Mary B., 21 W. Forty-fourth St., N.Y. City.

Born Belvidere, Ill., Feb. 9, 1873; dau. Albert H. and Lida M. (Eldredge) Cleveland; ed. public school, Belvidere, Ill. One of the founders, 1892, and pres. since 1904 of the Business Woman's Exchange of Chicago, which is a cooperative protective organization for women and girls in the business world. Pres. Nat. Ass'n of Business Women, 1900-03; exec. sec. the Civic Forum (N.Y. City) and the League for Political Education (N.Y. City) since 1907. Favors woman suffrage; mem. Woman's Suffrage Party. Recreations: Tramping, out-door sports.

CLEVELAND, Rose Elizabeth, Dark Harbor, Me.

Author; b. Fayetteville, N.Y.; dau. Rev. Richard F. and Ann (Neel) Cleveland; ed. Houghton Sem. Taught for some time, then took charge of a school in Lafayette, Ind., and then in Pa. Returned to Houghton Sem. to lecture on historical subjects. Sister of the late ex-President Grover Cleveland and was mistress of the White House until her brother's marriage in 1886. Author: George Eliot's Poetry; Other Studies; The Long Run (novel); numerous magazine articles. Taught in N.Y. several years.

CLEVENGER, Antoinette Brown Harlan (Mrs. Almon Edgar Clevenger), 1865 East Seventy-fifth St., Cleveland, Ohio.

Temperance worker; b. Wilmington, Ohio; ed. in schools of Wilmington, Ohio, and Vassar Coll., A.B. '78; m. Dec. 3, 1879, Almon Edgar Clevenger; one son, one daughter. Engaged in teaching three years. Active in W.C.T.U. work; was editor for six years of the Ohio W.C.T.U. Messenger and for eleven years corresponding sec. of the Ohio W.C.T.U. Favors woman suffrage.

CLEWS, Jessie Bradley (Mrs. John Henry Clews), Buckingham Hotel, N.Y. City.

Born Dunkirk. N.Y.; dau. Ezra C. and Amelia (Groot) Bradley; ed. Mrs. Pratt's School, Utica, N.Y.; m. John Henry Clews; one daughter: Mrs. George Russell Peabody. Episcopalian.

CLIFFORD, Harriet Briggs Rogers (Mrs. H. E. Clifford), 942 Beacon St., Newton Centre, Mass.

Born Boston, April 14, 1867; dau. William A. and Helen M. (Whitman) Rogers; ed. in private schools of Boston; m. Newton Centre, June 24, 1896, Prof. H. E. Clifford; one daughter: Gretchen, b. July 14, 1889.

CLIFTON, Harriet Merrill (Mrs. Charles Edward Clifton), 581 Ingleside Park, Evanston, Ill.

Born St. Paul, Minn., 1874; dau D. D. Merrill and Alice King Merrill; ed. Univ. of Minn., Wellesley, B.A. '98; grad. work at Yale and Chicago Univ. (mem. Delta Gamma); m. St. Paul, Minn., 1902, Charles E. Clifton; children: Charles E., Jr., Alice Teresa, Malcolm Merrill. Interested in church and club work. Pres. Woman's Club of Evanston, Ill., 1911-13; mem. of Univ. Guild, Drama Club, Drama League. Favors woman suffrage. Episcopalian. Mem. Wellesley Alumnae Soc. Recreations: Golf, tennis. Mem. Woman's Club of Evanston.

CLINE (Mrs. Henry A. Cline), Wharton, Tex.

Born Woodville, Tex., Dec. 15, 1879; dau. Joseph Howell and Elizabeth (Barclay) Wooten (of distinguished Revolutionary ancestry); ed. Huntington Inst., Tex.; m. Woodville, Tex., May 13, 1894, Henry A. Cline; children: Henry A. Cline Jr., b. Oct. 13, 1899; William Aldridge Cline, b. July 21, 1910. Has been actively associated with the philanthropic work of her town; helped establish civic interest in public schools, instrumental in having copies of fine pictures in schools and a medal for every grade for excellency; prominently identified with the social life of South Texas. Author: Southern Poems; Biographical Sketches of Southern Statesmen; contributor of historical sketches to newspapers and magazines. Episcopalian. Mem. Texas Woman's Press Ass'n, Order of Eastern Star, Dames of 1812, D.A.R. United Daughters of the Confederacy. Recreations: Motoring, horseback riding, flower culture, social intercourse. Mem. Mutual Improvement Club. Has served as past worthy matron of Eastern Star;


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Report of the Secretary-General's Panel of Experts on Accountability in Sri Lanka/VIII Recommendations

VIII. Recommendations
443. In light of its conclusions, the Panel offers the following recommendations regarding the implementation of the joint commitment on accountability. The Panel hopes they will serve as the framework for an ongoing and constructive engagement between the Secretary-General and the Government of Sri Lanka on this matter. These recommendations will require complementary action by the Government of Sri Lanka, the United Nations and other parties. The recommendations address the various dimensions of accountability that the Panel considers essential. The Panel emphasizes that the recommendations below constitute an integrated and interdependent whole. The Panel has grouped them thematically and it sees each recommendation as essential for accountability.

444. The Panel’s report and its advice to the Secretary-General, as encapsulated in these recommendations, are inspired by the courage and resilience of the victims of the war and civil society in Sri Lanka. If followed, the recommendations would comprise a genuine process of accountability that would satisfy the joint commitment and would set Sri Lanka on the course of justice, dignity and peace.

Recommendation 1: Investigations
A. In light of the allegations found credible by the Panel, the Government of Sri Lanka, in compliance with its international obligations and with a view to initiating an effective domestic accountability process, should immediately commence genuine investigations into these and other alleged violations of international humanitarian and human rights law committed by both sides involved in the armed conflict.

B. The Secretary-General should immediately proceed to establish an independent international mechanism, whose mandate should include the following concurrent functions:
 * (i) Monitor and assess the extent to which the Government of Sri Lanka is carrying out an effective domestic accountability process, including genuine investigations of the alleged violations, and periodically advise the Secretary-General on its findings;
 * (ii) Conduct investigations independently into the alleged violations, having regard to genuine and effective domestic investigations; and
 * (iii)Collect and safeguard for appropriate future use information provided to it that is relevant to accountability for the final stages of the war, including the information gathered by the Panel and other bodies in the United Nations system.

Recommendation 2: Other immediate measures to advance accountability
In order to address the immediate plight of those whose rights were and continue to be violated, and to demonstrate the Government’s commitment to accountability, the following measures should be undertaken immediately:

A. The Government of Sri Lanka should implement the following short-term measures, with a focus on acknowledging the rights and dignity of all of the victims and survivors in the Vanni:
 * (i) End all violence by the State, its organs and all paramilitary and other groups acting as surrogates of, or tolerated by, the State;
 * (ii) Facilitate the recovery and return of human remains to their families and allow for the performance of cultural rites for the dead;
 * (iii)Provide death certificates for the dead and missing, expeditiously and respectfully, without charge, when requested by family members, without compromising the right to further investigation and civil claims;
 * (iv) Provide or facilitate psychosocial support for all survivors, respecting their cultural values and traditional practices;
 * (v) Release all displaced persons and facilitate their return to their former homes or provide for resettlement, according to their wishes; and
 * (vi) Continue to provide interim relief to assist the return of all survivors to normal life.

B. The Government of Sri Lanka should investigate and disclose the fate and location of persons reported to have been forcibly disappeared. In this regard, the Government of Sri Lanka should invite the Working Group on Enforced and Involuntary Disappearances to visit Sri Lanka.

C. In light of the political situation in the country, the Government of Sri Lanka should undertake an immediate repeal of the Emergency Regulations, modify all those provisions of the Prevention of Terrorism Act that are inconsistent with Sri Lanka’s international obligations, and take the following measures regarding suspected LTTE members and all other persons held under these or any other provisions:
 * (i) Publish the names of all of those currently detained, whatever the location of their detention, and notify them of the legal basis of their detention;
 * (ii) Allow all detainees regular access to family members and to legal counsel;
 * (iii)Allow all detainees to contest the substantive justification of their detention in court;
 * (iv) Charge those for whom there is sufficient evidence of serious crimes and release all others, allowing them to reintegrate into society without further hindrance.

D. The Government of Sri Lanka should end state violence and other practices that limit freedoms of movement, assembly and expression, or otherwise contribute to a climate of fear.

Recommendation 3: Longer term accountability measures
While the current climate of triumphalism and denialism is not conducive to an honest examination of the past, in the longer term, as political spaces are allowed to open, the following measures are needed to move towards full accountability for actions taken during the war:

A. Taking into account, but distinct from, the work of the LLRC, Sri Lanka should initiate a process, with strong civil society participation, to examine in a critical manner: the root causes of the conflict, including ethno-nationalist extremism on both sides; the conduct of the war and patterns of violations; and the corresponding institutional responsibilities.

B. The Government of Sri Lanka should issue a public, formal acknowledgement of its role in and responsibility for extensive civilian casualties in the final stages of the war.

C. The Government of Sri Lanka should institute a reparations programme, in accordance with international standards, for all victims of serious violations committed during the final stages of the war, with special attention to women, children and particularly vulnerable groups.

Recommendation 4: United Nations
Considering the response of the United Nations to the plight of the civilians in the Vanni during the final stages of the war in Sri Lanka and the aftermath:

A. The Human Rights Council should be invited to reconsider its May 2009 Special Session Resolution (A/HRC/S-11/L.1/Rev. 2) regarding Sri Lanka, in light of this report.

B. The Secretary-General should conduct a comprehensive review of actions by the United Nations system during the war in Sri Lanka and the aftermath, regarding the implementation of its humanitarian and protection mandates.

Marzuki Darusman, Chair

Steven R. Ratner

Yasmin Sooka

New York, 31 March 2011

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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186 State historian Daughters of Confederacy of Texas, two years; past pres. Mutual Improvement Club; Vice-pres. Fourth Dist. Texas Fed. Women's Clubs; delegate at large for Texas Fed. of Women's Clubs; twice officially identified with local chapter; has frequently served on programs at State conventions for Fed. Clubs.

CLINTON, Jane Heard (Mrs. Fred. S. Clinton). Tulsa, Okla.

Born Elberton, Ga., April 16, 1875; dau. James Lawrence and Mary Melissa (Harper) Heard; ed. Elberton Female Coll., A.B., first honor, '93; m. Elberton, April 15, 1897, Dr. Fred. S. Clinton. Pres. Foreign Mission Soc; pres. Hyeshka (Creek Indian for music) Club, eight years; mem. Ruskin Art Club, Tuesday Book Club, Council of Women. Interested in playgrounds, civic improvement. Against woman suffrage. Mem. Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Mem. P.E.O.

CLINTON, Susan Merrill (Mrs. Lee Clinton), 422 Houston Av., Tulsa, Okla,

Born Ottumwa, Ia., 1877; dau. Sherman Morton and Susan B. (Walton) Merrill; ed. private schools; Young L. G. Harris Coll., Young Harris, Ga., A.B. '97; m. Jasper, Ga., Dec. 30, 1896, Lee Clinton; children: Walton S., b. 1897; Celia Louise, b. 1899 (died 1904); Ruth Lyon, b. 1907. Interested in various religious, social, artistic and philanthropic work. Mem. D.A.R. Clubs: Art and Music, Council of Women. Mem. Methodist Church, South.

CLOPTON, Virginia Carolina Clay, "Wildwood." Gurley, Madison Co., Ala.

Planter; b. Washington Co., N.C., Jan., 1825; dau. Peyton Randolph Tunstell, M.D., and Anne (Arrington) Tunstell; ed. Tuskaloosa (Ala.) Female Institution, and grad. at Old Academy, Nashville, Tenn., under dual presidency of Lapsley and Elliot; m. Tuskaloosa, Feb. 1, 1843, Clement Claiburn Clay, son of Gov. C. C. Clay; widowed in 1882; m. Nov., 1887, David Clopton; one child, dau., born of first marriage, died at birth. Author: Memoirs of Mrs. Clay, of Alabama, (more widely known as a Belle of the Fifties), a vindication of Mr. Clay, her husband, from the unjust accusations of U. S. Government in connection with the death of President Lincoln. Episcopalian; Jefferson Democrat from her youth. Favors woman suffrage. Organizer of a club in Huntsville, and made the welcoming address to Miss Anthony and Mrs. Catt on their visit to her town. Writes for amusement.

CLOTHIER, Mary Clapp Jackson (Mrs. Isaac Hallowell Clothier), "Ballytore," Wynnewood, Pa.

Born Philadelphia, Pa.; dau. William and Elizabeth Howe (Clapp) Jackson; ed. in Friends' School in Philadelphia; m. Sharon Hill, Pa,, September 1, 1864, Isaac Hallowell Clothier; children: Mary Jackson, Elizabeth Jackson, Morris Lewis, Hannah Hallowell, Walter, Isaac Hallowell, Lydia Biddle, Caroline, William Jackson. Mem. of B'd of Managers, Swarthmore Coll., Pa. Mem. Soc. of Friends. Mem. the New Century Club (Philadelphia), Acorn Club, Soc. of Colonial Dames, D.A.R., La Moviganta Klubo, Merion Cricket Club. Favors woman suffrage.

CLOUD, Ada A. (Mrs. J. A. Cloud), care Garfield Safe Deposit Co., 7 W. Twenty-third St., N.Y. City.

Artist; b. West Chester, Pa., Aug. 26, 1852; dau. Hon. John Hickman (who served several terms in Congress from Pa. and helped form the Republican Party) and Eunice (Phelps) Hickman; ed. Troy Female Sem., with Mrs. Emma Willard principal (who was her great aunt); m. Dr. J. A. Cloud. Studied art in Boston and New York, also at Colorossi Art School in Paris, France, as well as with several French artists in their studios, among them Louis Desar and Vanderneyden. Painter of landscapes, game and roses in oils and water colors. Has studied the greatest pictures in the world and their artists, and has given lectures on them. High Episcopalian. Republican. Recreation: Traveling (in this country and abroad). Mem. Emma Willard Ass'n, West End Woman's Republican Club, City Fed. of Women's Clubs, N.Y. Theatre Club. Fed. of Theatre Clubs, Knickerbocker, Story-Tellers' League, Housewives' League, Gotham Club.

CLOUD, Virginia Woodward, 520 Park Av., Baltimore, Md.

Author, journalist; b. Baltimore, Md.; dau. Daniel and Martha Louise (Woodward) Cloud; ed. private schools. Journalist, literary critic and poet; literary editor of Baltimore News; also contributor to current magazines. Author: Down Durley Dane; A Reed by a River; A Woman, a Spaniel and a Walnut Tree; The Other Thing; Birthright; Concerning Mr. Dick Daggart; also numerous short sketches and stories in leading magazines. Mem. Woman's Literary Club of Baltimore.

CLOUGH, Edna Coulter (Mrs. Karl Benton Clough), Franklin Hotel, Woodlawn, Pa.

Born Danville, Boyle County, Ky., Nov. 4, 1878; dau. Judge George William and Sarah Ann (Harbison) Coulter; ed. Caldwell primary dep't, Caldwell Coll., Danville, Ky., 1893-97, A.B.; special course Potter Coll., Bowling Green, Ky., 1898- 99; mem. class of 1906, Columbia Univ., N.Y. City, for special diploma; m. Beaver Falls, Pa., April 3, 1912, Karl Benton Clough (champion live stock man and steel man). Owner and breeder of fancy saddle horses; grower of wonderful plants, especially ferns. Sunday-school teacher; sup't of Sunday-school. Settlement worker. Favors woman suffrage. Author of articles for garden or country life magazines, also some educational articles. Presbyterian. Democrat. Mem. Women's Home and Foreign Missionary Societies, D.A.R., active mem. State of Ky.; representative at conferences several times of D.A.R. Recreation: Horseback riding. Charter mem. Woman's Nat. Democratic League; vice-pres. Civic League for City of Danville, Ky.

CLOUGH, Mary Shepard (Mrs. Clarence E. Clough), 19 Shaw St., Lebanon, N.H.

Born Sutton, N.H., Jan. 28, 1872; dau. James E. and Lucia (Nelson) Shepard; ed. Colby Acad., Smith Coll., L.B.; m. New London, N.H., Sept. 21, 1897, Clarence Edward Clough; children: Dorothy, b. Sept. 2, 1898; Shepard, b. Dec. 6, 1901; Nathaniel, b. Sept. 30, 1906; Barbara, b. May 11, 1910. Pres. Baptist Missionary Soc. Baptist. Progressive in politics. Mem. Monday Club of Lebanon.

CLOUSE, Alice Atkinson (Mrs. G. M. Clouse), 948 Mt. Vernon Av., Columbus, O.

Born Porter, O., Dec. 16, 1864; dau. William Richard and Nannie (Gooch) Atkinson; ed. in Porter public school and by tutors; m. Porter, O., Nov. 15, 1883, Dr. George M. Clouse; children: Dr. Kenneth Atkinson Clouse, Mrs. Georgia Clouse Seiller. Interested in child welfare, vocational schools, juvenile reformatories and loan scholarships for young ladies. Mem. Woman's Foreign and Home Missionary Societies. Associate mem. of Women's Musical Club; mem. Altrurian Club, Ciionian Club (has been pres. of both). Recreations: Fishing, camping, walking, literature, opera. Methodist.

CLOYD, Genevieve, Normal College, Sixty-eighth St. and Park Av., N.Y. City.

Normal teacher; grad. Smith Coll., B.A. '97; M.A. Columbia University, 1912. Teacher of English, Boonton (N.J.) public school, 1897-99; Latin and Greek, Blair Acad., Blairstown, N.J., 1899-1907; Latin in N.Y. Normal Coll. (high school dep't) since 1907.

CLOYES, Grace Gruber (Mrs. William E. Cloyes), 1316 Norwood St., Chicago, Ill.

Born Boston, June 18, 1870; dau. William M. and Sarah H. (Field) Gruber; ed. grammar and high schools, Everett, Mass.; Wellesley Coll., B.A. '92; m. Maiden, Mass., June 27, 1895, William E. Cloyes of Chicago; children: Leone, Edith Field, Margaret. Interested in church and club work. Presbyterian. Mem. North End Woman's Club, Research Club.

CLUM, Blanche Stover (Mrs. Frank H. Clum), Valley Falls, N.Y.

Born Valley Falls, N.Y., June 13, 1867; dau. Daniel M. and Anna J. (Bryan) Stover; ed. Albany High School; m. Valley Falls, N.Y.,


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Rh Sept. 29, 1892, Frank H. Clum; children: Paul Stover, Daniel Franklin. Interested in Loyal Temperance Legion and Boy Scouts. Favors woman suffrage. Methodist. Mem. W.C.T.U., N.Y. State Federation, Valley Falls Political Equality Club.

CLUM, Florence Brewster Corse (Mrs. Harold D. Clum), Saugerties, N.Y.

Born Saugerties, N.Y., Feb. 8, 1880; dau. Henry and Jeanette (Knapp) Corse; grad. Cornell Univ., A.B. '02; m. Saugerties, N.Y., Nov. 8, 1910, Harold D. Clum. Taught French and German in White Plains High School, White Plains, N.Y., 1904-10. Episcopalian.

COALE, Esther Colston (Mrs. William Ellis Coale), Overhill Road and Kittery Lane, Roland Park, Md.

Born Baltimore, Md., Oct. 4, 1869; dau. Frederick M. and Clara (Campbell) Colston; ed. private tutors and Miss Adams' School in Baltimore; m. April 2, 1891, William Ellis Coale. Protestant Episcopal.

COARD, Mary McKee Smith (Mrs. Robert D. Coard), 6334 Howe St., Pittsburgh, Pa.

Born Pittsburgh; dau. Samuel P. and Annie E. (Freetly) Smith; grad. from Sharon High School, then went to Pa. State Normal School at Edinboro and afterward to Chicago Normal School, Normal Park; graduated from University Extension and Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle; studied Art in Paris; m. April 4, 1900, Robert D. Coard, banker; one daughter, Catherine Denise, b. Feb. 6, 1904 (deceased). Mem. of many clubs, vice-pres. State Federation of Pa. Women; pres. New Era Club of Western Pa. (200 members); former pres. Woman's Club of Pittsburgh; hon. pres. Congress of Woman's Clubs (was pres. for three years). Suffragist, one of auditors State Pa. Suffrage Ass'n. Presbyterian. Mem. Alliance Française, Acad. Science and Art; mem. Advisory Board Ass'n for Work for the Blind. Mem. New Era Club of Western Pa.; Woman's Club of Pittsburgh; Woman's Club of Kiskiminetas, Teachers' Art, Shakespeare, Pocohontas Memorial and Anthony Memorial Clubs, Civic Club of Allegheny Co., Pittsburgh Playgrounds Ass'n. Recreations: Reading, lectures and travel.

COAT, Fannie Lorah (Mrs. Harvey H. Coat), Mason City, Ill.

Born Havana, Ill., Aug. 6, 1865; dau. Peter Esbom and Harriet Ann (Goodman) Lindberg; ed. Havana (Ill.) High School; m. Havana, Ill., Oct. 7, 1886, Harvey H. Coat; children: Bessie, b. Oct 26, 1887; Ethel, b. Aug. 3, 1889; Lyman Spear, b. May 29, 1895. Mem. Madeline Chapter, Order of Eastern Star (Worthy Matron, 1906-07; sec. and treas. Parents and Teachers Ass'n 1908-10, treas. Public Library Com. 1908-11; pres. of Woman's Improvement Soc. of the Presbyterian Church 1904-05. Presbyterian. Social worker. Mem. Missionary Soc. Presbyterian Church; pres. Mason City Woman's Club. Favors woman suffrage.

COATES, Florence Earle (Mrs. Edward Hornor Coates), 2024 Spruce St., Philadelphia, Pa.

Poet; b. Philadelphia; dau. George H. and Ellen Frances (von Leer) Earle; ed. private schools and at Convent of the Sacred Heart, Paris; m. Philadelphia, Jan. 7, 1879, Edward Hornor Coates (several years pres. Pa. Acad. Fine Arts). Author (verse): Poems, 1898; Mine and Thine, 1904; Lyrics of Life, 1909; Ode on the Coronation of George V., 1911. Mem. Browning Soc. (former pres.), Soc. Colonial Dames, Soc. Mayflower Descendants. Mem. Contemporary Club, New Century Club (Philadelphia), Lyceum Club (London) and Woman's Literary Club (Baltimore).

COATES, Mildred Aspinwall (Mrs. George Morrison Coates), 2531 South Cleveland Av., Philadelphia, Pa.

Born Philadelphia, Mar. 24, 1881; dau. Rev. George Wooisey Hodge (rector of Church of Ascension) and Mary De Veaux (Powell) Hodge; ed. Miss Hills' School, Philadelphia; m. Philadelphia, Nov. 17, 1910, in Church of the Ascension, Dr. George Morrison Coates. Interested in church work of the Protestant Episcopal church. Recreations: Motoring, tennis. Mem. Philadelphia Indoor Tennis Club.

COATES, Sara Elizabeth, 13 Bradford Av., Newport, R.I.

Teacher, charitologist; b. Portsmouth, Ohio; ed. in schools of Portsmouth, Ohio, and Vassar Coll., A.B. '90. Teacher Portsmouth, Ohio, 1891-92; Zanesville, Ohio, 1892-93; Mt. Sterling, Ky., 1893-94; Memphis, Tenn., 1894-95; Dorchester, Mass., 1895-97; sup't of clubs and classes and ass't sup't Frances Willard Settlement, Boston, Mass., 1897-1902; principal Saco (Me.) Industrial School, 1902-03; investigator and ass't agent Charity Organization Soc, N.Y. City, 1903-04; teacher high school, Portsmouth, Ohio, 1904-06; acting agent Washington (D.C.) Associated Charities, 1906; sec. Ass'n for Relief and Prevention of Tuberculosis, Newport, R.I., since 1906. Mem. of several philanthropic societies.

COBB, Alice C. (Mrs. John B. Cobb); home, Macon, Ga.; address, 810 Broadway, Nashville, Tenn.

Missionary secretary; b. Perry, Ga.; dau. Dr. P. B. D. H. Culler and Mary S. (Cobb) Culler; ed. Wesleyan Coll., Macon, Ga. (first chartered college for women in U.S.); grad., took post-grad, in another Georgia college; mem. Adelphean Soc, organized 1851; m. Perry, Ga., 1870, Major John B. Cobb; children: Mrs. Mary Cobb Pilcher, of Nashville, Tenn.; Mrs. Eugenia Cobb Lowe. Began teaching in Wesleyan Coll., Macon, Ga., and was prof. of English literature until appointed in 1904 to her present position as sec. of the Foreign Department of the Board of Missions of M.E. Church, South, with headquarters at Nashville. Was sent by her church to visit mission fields of Cuba, Mexico, Japan, Korea and China. Engaged in club work in Macon; was vice-pres. of State Fed. of Clubs; pres. of City Fed.; regent D.A.R.; pres. Current Topics Club, College Alumnae Ass'n and of Missionary Soc; was pres. of W.C.T.U. Mem. Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Mem. Daughters of Confederacy, Nat. Geographic Soc.

COBB, Cora Crosby (Mrs. P. L. Cobb), care G. E. Crosby, West Medford, Mass.

Born Cambridge, Mass., Oct. 11, 1873; dau. George E. and Augusta (Hill) Crosby; ed. Wellesley Coll., B.A. '97; m. West Medford, Mass., June 27, 1900, Rev. P. L. Cobb, of Tenn.; children: William Crosby, Catherine Lee, Margaret Augusta, P. L. Jr. College sec. Y.W.C.A. in Southern States, 1898-1900; later missionary to Mexico five years and in conference missionary work for women. Has written several articles on missionary and Sunday-school work. Mem. Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Mem. Woman's Missionary Soc Recreations: Walking, tennis. Mem. Woman's College Club in Mexico City

COBB, Eliza Polhemus, 25 East Twenty-second St., N.Y. City.

Educator, missionary secretary; b. Hopewell, N.Y.; grad. Vassar Coll., A.B. '93. Teacher Halsted School, Yonkers, N.Y., 1895-1902; dean of women and ass't prof. English, Whitman Coll., 1902-04; ass't to lady principal, Vassar Coll., 1904-06; since 1906 sec. Foreign Missionary Soc, N.Y. City.

COBB, Florence Brooks (Mrs. Edward Scribner Cobb), Karasunaru Dori, Kyoto, Japan.

Missionary; grad. Smith Coll., B.L. 1900; student of domestic science in Teachers' Coll., Columbia Univ., 1903-04; m. Sept. 21, 1904, Edward Scribner Cobb; children: William Brooks, b. Jan. 13, 1906; Edward Scribner Jr., b. Dec 27, 1907. Teacher of science, 1900-01; sec, N.Y. City, 1901-04; since 1904 missionary of the Am. Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions in Japan at Niigata, 1904-05, 1906-08; Tokyo, 1905-06; Kyoto since 1908. Congregationalism

COBB, Harriet Redfield, 115 Elm St., Northampton, Mass.

Associate prof. mathematics; b. Peekskill, N.Y., Sept. 10, 1866; dau. Rev. E. G. and Meroa (Redfield) Cobb (descendant of John Alden, and had ancestors in War of 1812 and in the Revolutionary War); ed. Smith Coll., A.B. '89, A.M. '91. Taught in Bartholomew English and Classical


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188 School, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1891-95; in Smith Coll. 1895-. Has taught Young Men's Bible Class for 15 years, now teaching such a class in Edwards Church, Northampton, Mass. Mem. Phi Beta Kappa (Chapter Zeta of Mass.), Alpha Soc. of Smith Coll. Congregationalist. Interested in woman suffrage but does not desire suffrage yet.

COBB, Helen Adele, 221 North Broadway, Yonkers, N.Y.

Teacher; b. Cornwall-on-Hudson, N.Y.; ed. in schools of N.Y. City and Vassar Coll., A.B. '98. Teacher in St. Katharine's Hall, Davenport, Iowa, 1898-1900; Keble School, Syracuse, N.Y., 1900-01; the Halsted School, Yonkers, N.Y., since 1901.

COBB, Lura Stone (Mrs. E. Schuyler Cobb), 15 Oak St., Winchendon, Mass.

Born Seekonk, Mass., Dec. 29, 1877; dau. Solomon and Ella (Case) Stone; ed. Attleboro High School; Brown Univ., A.B. 1900; m. Seekonk, Mass., Sept. 1, 1903, E. Schuyler Cobb; one daughter: Dorothy Chase Cobb. Mem. Woman's Club. Baptist.

COBB, Mariedna Snell (Mrs. Charles Wellington Cobb), 10 Lafayette Square, Washington, D.C.

Born Benicia, Cal.; dau. Richard Bayley and Julia (Ritchie) Snell; ed. Snell Sem., Berkeley, Cal.: special courses at Univ. of Cal. and Oregon Agricultural Coll.; m. June 30, 1910, Charles Wellington Cobb, ass't attorney-general of the State Dep't. Interested in interior decoration; in 1909 taught English at Snell Sem., Berkeley, Cal. Prominent in society in San Francisco and Washington, D.C. Mem. Claremont Country Club, Cal. Episcopalian. Republican. Favors woman suffrage.

COBLENTZ, Clara Rankin (Mrs. George W. Coblentz), Clarion, Pa.

Temperance reformer; b. Madison Furnace, Clarion Co., Pa., Aug. 19, 1863; dau. Calvin A. and Emma (Burnside) Rankin; ed. High School, Clarion, Pa,, Carrier Seminary; m. Clarion, Pa., Jan. 19, 1886, George Weber Coblentz; children: Charles Rankin, Howard Burnside. Pres. Non-partisan Nat. W.C.T.U.; pres. Clarion Presbyterian Foreign Missionary Soc.; rec. sec. State Federation of Pa. Women; rec. sec. Woman's Club of Chautauqua, N.Y. In favor of limited suffrage, but thinks women are not ready for it yet. When chairman of Juvenile Court Com. of State Federation 1909-11, prepared a leaflet on juvenile court laws of Pa. for the use of club-women, which was favorably received. Presbyterian. Pres. Home and Foreign Missionary Soc, Clarion. First vice-pres. Chautauqua (N.Y.) D.A.R. Circle; first vice-pres. and trustee class 1907 Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle. Mem. Clarion Woman's Christian Temperance Alliance; also a Sabbath School teacher. Clubs: Chautauqua Woman's, Clarion Woman's, Chautauqua Press. Has taught parliamentary law in home town; has been a newspaper correspondent, and has given addresses on temperance and religious subjects.

COBURN, Abby M. (Mrs. J. Milton Coburn), South Norwalk, Conn.

Born Shrewsbury, Mass., Oct. 27, 1854; dau. Aaron G. and Lucy F. (Nourse) 'Cutler; ed. Oread Collegiate Inst., Worcester, Mass., 1870-1874; m. Shrewsbury, Mass., Aug. 4, 1879, Dr. J. Milton Coburn; children: Harrie Cutler, Aaron Cutler. Patron Day Nursery, Anti-Tuberculosis Dispensary; vice-pres. Woman's Ass'n of the Congregational Church; sec. Relief Com. for Betterment of City's Poor; interested in church and missionary work. Has contributed many articles to the public press on municipal and philanthropic subjects. Mem. Municipal League; pres. County Christian Endeavor Soc; ex-chaplain Windham County Jail; regent D.A.R. Pres. Friday Afternoon Club. Recreations: Traveling, study of social problems. Congregationalist. Favors woman suffrage; pres. Equal Franchise League. Republican. Mother's people were descendants from the celebrated Rebecca Nours, who was accused of witchcraft and hanged in Salem, Mass.

COBURN, Adelaide March (Mrs. Albert B. Coburn), Stanford Univ., Cal.

Teacher; b. Windham, Me., April 18, 1863; dau. Sumner C. and Melinda (Richardson) March; grad. Gorham (Me.) Normal School, July 7, 1882; m. Mechanic Falls, Me., April 16, 1884, Albert E. Coburn; children: Albert Charles, b. June 28, 1885 (died Mar. 8, 1912). Interested in Woman's Club movement; was sec. two years, vice-pres. one year, pres. two years of Waltham (Mass.) Women's Club, an organization of 400 members. Pres. Boston Branch of Normal Alumnae; now pres. of Mayfield (Cal.) Woman's Club; mem. School Board of Mayfield. Favors woman suffrage. Unitarian. Republican.

COBURN, Eleanor Hallowell Abbott (Mrs. Fordyce Coburn), 229 Stevens St., Lowell, Mass.

Writer; b. Cambridge, Mass., Sept. 22, 1872; dau. Rev. Edward Abbott, D.D. (well-known author) and Clara (Davis) Abbott (niece of Rev. Lyman Abbott, D.D.); ed. private schools and Radcliffe Coll.; m. 1908, Dr. Fordyce Coburn. Contributor of short stories to the leading magazines, including two $1,000 prize stories in Collier's Weekly: The Sick-a-Bed Lady, 1905, and The Very Tired Girl, 1907. Author: Molly Make Believe; The Sick-a-Bed Lady, and other stories. Episcopalian.

COBURN, Ivah Wills (Mrs. Charles Douville Coburn), 1402 Broadway, N.Y. City.

Actress; b. Appleton City, Mo., Aug. 19, 1881; dau. George Browning and Anna (Kuns) Wills; grad. Brookston (Ind.) High School; Chicago Musical Coll.; special course in English, Chicago Univ.; m. Baltimore, Md., Jan. 15, 1906, Charles Douville Coburn. Début on the stage, Garden Theatre, N.Y. City, with E. H. Sothern in Hamlet, autumn of 1900, following year with Amelia Bingham; afterward in several well-known stock companies; Proctor's Fifth Av., 1904-05, playing leading parts. In 1907, with husband, formed company, playing a repertoire of classic plays at all the principal universities in the U.S., and conducted as an exponent of the educational force of the drama. In its repertoire she has played the leading female characters in Shakespearian drama, including Lady Macbeth, Juliet, Beatrice, Rosalind, Viola, Desdemona, Portia and Katharine; also the parts of Electra in Electra and of Iphigenia in Iphigenia in Tauris (both by Euripides) and The Wife of Bath in Percy Mackaye's The Canterbury Pilgrims. The Coburn Players appeared on the White House grounds on invitation of Mrs. Taft. Favors woman suffrage. Author of short stories and articles pertaining to the stage and woman's interests for magazines. Recreations: Dancing and horseback riding. Mem. MacDowell Club, Three Arts Club.

COBURN, Louise Helen, Skowhegan, Me.

Born Skowhegan, Maine, Sept. 1, 1856; dau. Stephen and Helen Sophia (Miller) Coburn; ed. Skowhegan High School, Coburn Classical Inst., grad. 1873, Colby Coll., A.B. '77, Phi Beta Kappa, Harvard Summer School, 1880-81, Chicago Univ. 1893; studied languages in France, Germany and Italy; mem. Sigma Kappa Sorority (a founder). State Regent D.A.R. 1909-11; chairman Forestry Com., Maine Federation of Women's Clubs, 1901-03, mem. Arts and Crafts Com., same, 1906-08, State Director Woman's Am Baptist Home Mission Soc, 1911—. Pres. Josselyn Botanical Soc, 1912; pres. Advisory Board, Public Library, 1894-. Park Commissioner Skowhegan, 1906—. Mem. Board of Trustees, Bloomfield Acad. Active in church and Sunday school work, and in various forms of philanthropy. Interested in library work and in studies in literature, language and botany. Favors woman suffrage. Baptist. Republican. Mem. W.C.T.U., D.A.R., Maine Soc. of Mayflower Descendants, Josselyn Botanical Soc. of Maine, Am. Forestry Ass'n, Nat. Geographic Soc, Skowhegan Woman's Club, Skowhegan Town Improvement Soc, Coll. Women's Club of Washington, D.C. Recreation: Gardening.

COCHRAN, Fanny Travis, 131 S. Twenty-second St., Philadelphia, Pa.

Born Philadelphia; ed. Miss Florence Baldwin's


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Rh School, Bryn Mawr, Pa., and Bryn Mawr Coll., A..B. '04; graduate student, 1904-05. Mem. Exec. Com. of Philadelphia College Settlement; director Philadelphia Branch Consumers' League of Pennsylvania, 1905-07; chairman of Industrial Betterment Bureau of the Consumers' League since 1910. Favors woman suffrage.

COCHRAN, Katharine More, 157 Oxford St., Hartford, Conn.

Teacher; b. Durhamville, N.Y., 1869; dau. Andrew and Catherine (More) Cochran; ed. Vassar Coll., A.B. '90; graduate student Cornell Univ., A.M. 1912; student at Am. School of Classical Studies, Athens, 1902-03. Teacher in secondary school, 1890-94; teacher Greek and Latin, Horace Mann School, N.Y. City, 1894-1907; teacher of Greek, Western Coll. for Women, Oxford, Ohio, 1907-10. Mem. Am. Inst, of Technology (Oxford, Ohio, Branch), Woman's University Club, N.Y. City.

COCHRAN, Sarah Marshall (Mrs. Carlos Bingham Cochran), 514 S. High St., West Chester, Pa.

Born Northbrook, Chester County, Pa.; dau. Abraham and Phebe Jane (Baldwin) Marshall; ed. West Chester State Normal School; m. Northbrook, Pa., July 16, 1885, Dr. Carlos Bingham Cochran (science dep't West Chester State Normal School); children: Grace, Carlos Marshall. Mem. Instruction Com. of George School, Bucks County, Pa.; pres. of Home and School League of West Chester; sole director of Needlework Guild of America. Quaker. Mem. New Century Club of West Chester; chairman of Civics Club.

COCHRAN, Sophia Lee, Newton, Kan.

Physician; b. Lancaster, Garrard County, Ky., Feb. 15, 1868; dau. Richard Lewis and Mary Jane (Huffman) Cochran; ed. High School, Peabody, Marion County, Kan.; Hahnemann Med. College of Kansas City (Mo.) Univ., graduated with class honors (valedictorian), 1912; mem. Dunham Soc. Elected to chair of embryology in Hahnemann Med. Coll., Kansas City, Mo. Mem. Board of Physical Examiners, Y.W.C.A., Kansas City. Presbyterian. Mem. Order of the Eastern Star. Favors woman suffrage. Resigned from Hahnemann Med. Coll. on account of mother's health; now practising in Newton, Kansas; practice limited to women and children.

COCKE, Sarah Cobb Johnson (Mrs. Lucian H. Cocke), 818 Nelson St., Roanoke, Va.

Born Selma, Ala.; dau. Dr. John M. Johnson, of Kentucky, and Mary Willis (Cobb) Johnson; grad. at Lucy Cobb Inst.; mem. Iridian; m. (1st) Oct. 26, 1887, Dr. Hugh Hagan (died 1898); (2d) Oct. 28, 1903, Lucian H. Cocke; children: Hugh Johnson Hagan, b. Dec. 11, 1888; Willis Cobb Hagan, b. Dec. 3, 1894. Interested in all philanthropic and public spirited enterprises. Favors woman suffrage (with educational and property qualification). Author: Bypaths in Dixie; contributed to magazines, newspapers, etc., mostly under name of Mammy Phyllis' Sketches. Episcopalian. Name on original charter of D.A.R.; mem. Colonial Dames, Daughters of Confederacy, Order of the Crown, Soc. of Southern Writers. Recreations: Writing, gardening, traveling.

COCKE, Zitella, 100 Charles St., Boston, Mass.

Author; b. in Perry Co., Ala.; dau. Woodson St. George and Mary Elizabeth (Binyon) Cocke: the Cocke family was represented in army and navy for centuries in England and Virginia; first American ancestor being Sir Richard Cocke, who settled in Virginia in the seventeenth century; mother of Huguenot descent; privately educated at home. Musician, vocal and piano; has had charge of music departments in colleges for women. Author of books of poems: A Doric Reed; Cherokee Roses and Other Poems; also of juvenile verses: Grasshopper Hop and Other Verses. Episcopalian.

COCKRAN, Anne Ide (Mrs. William Bourke Cockran), The Cedars, Port Washington, L.I., N.Y.

Born St. Johnsbury, Vt., Dec. 26, 1878; dau. Henry Clay and Mary M. (Melcher) Ide; ed. privately in Samoan Islands and Philippines, when was official; m. N.Y., Nov. 15, 1906, Hon. W. Bourke Cockran. Founded and pres. of Soc. for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals in the Philippines. Favors woman suffrage; mem. Board of Directors of N.Y. Equal Franchise Soc. since foundation. Congregationalist. Mem. Colony Club (N.Y. City).

COCROFT, Susanna, 624 Michigan Av., Chicago, Ill.

Physical culturist; b. Burlington, Wis.; dau. J. E. and Ann (Woodhead) Cocroft; ed. Rochester Sem., Rochester, Wis.; Univ. of Wis., Madison, Wis.; m. July 26, 1907. Taught in Rochester Sem.; lectured on history of civilization; lectured on physical development; originated the Physical Culture Extension Society, and taught women how to regain and retain health. Mem. of Philanthropic Boys' Shelter Club. Author: The Vital Organs; The Nervous System; Self Sufficiency; Ideals and Privileges of Woman; Character as Expressed in the Body; The Circulatory System; The Body Mannikin; Growth in Silence; Motherhood; The Generative Organs; Beauty; Foods; Poise, Obesity and Leanness. Episcopalian. Favors woman suffrage. Recreation. Automobiling.

CODY, Grace Ethelwyn, 1554 E. Sixty-first St., Chicago, Ill.

Writer; b. Naperville, Ill., Dec. 4, 1867; dau. Judge Hiram H. and Philomela E. (Sedgwick) Cody; ed. Northwestern Coll. and Univ. of Chicago. Author of books for girls: Jacquette, A Sorority Girl; Elinor's Junior Hop; writer of short fiction and articles. Regular contributor (in dep'ts "Just About Girls," and "Stories of the Streets and Town"), to former Chicago Record, now consolidated with Times-Herald under name of Record-Herald. Frequent contributor, during past ten years, to editorial page of Chicago Daily News. Staff contributor to Youth's Companion for same period; formerly for three years associate editor of The Little Chronicle, a text book of current events for school use. Congregationalist. Mem. Chicago Woman's Club and Monday Afternoon Club of Pasadena, Cal. Favors woman suffrage.

COE, Ethel Louise, Fortuny 5, Madrid, Spain.

Painter; b. Chicago, Ill., Nov. 11, 1878; dau. Wilbur Ellwood and Martha (Janes) Coe; ed. Chicago Art Inst., with Mr. Charles Hawthorne (grad. with honors and scholarship), and in Madrid, Spain, with Senor Don Joaquin Sorolla y Bastida. Has exhibited many times in Chicago Artists' Soc. exhibitions and in Water Color Soc.

COES, Mary, 10 Garden St., Cambridge, Mass.

Dean of Radcliffe Coll.; b. Worcester, Mass., March 24, 1861; dau. A. Gates and Lucy Gibson (Wyman) Coes; grad. Radcliffe Coll., A.B. '87, A.M. '97. Sec. of Radcliffe Coll. 1894-1910, dean Radcliffe Coll. since 1910. By virtue of office as dean, is a mem. of the Council and Board of Ass'n of Radcliffe Coll. Mem. Ass'n of Coll. Alumnae, Woman's Education Ass'n, Harvard Teachers Ass'n, Am. Historical Ass'n, Board of Government, Women's Education and Industrial Union, Boston, Mass. Clubs: Coll. Club (Boston), Women's Univ. (N.Y. City). Congregationalist.

COFFIN, Charlotte Rebecca (Mrs. John P. Coffin), Johnstown, Fla.

Former music teacher; now vice-pres. Ideal America Corporation (real estate), and mem. and director of the World Welfare Union; b. Whitney's Point, N.Y., Aug. 16, 1855; dau. Rev. John Levis and Ruth Ann (Locke) Jones; ed. public schools of Mattoon, Ill.; Salina, Kan.; Acad. of Springfield, Vt.; m. Parsons, Kan., Dec. 31, 1877, John Pingry Coffin; children: Joseph, John Levis (died), Francis Pingry, David Painter, Richard (died), Donald Locke (died), Ruth, Mary (died), George Williams, Warren Clement. Has been associate editor of several papers, including the Florence (S.C.) Daily and Weekly Times, and the Southern Industrial Journal (published in Fla.); mem. of the Press Ass'n of S.C. and Fla., while in the newspaper work. Interested in church work, Sunday-school teacher and sup't home dep't work; has been for seven years State sup't of temperance Sunday-school work of the W.C.T.U. of Fla.; was vice-pres. of


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190 the South Carolina W.C.T.U., 1890-91. Mem. Eustis Club, Eustis, Fla. Presbyterian. Favors woman suffrage; was pres. of the Florence (S.C.) Suffrage Ass'n during residence there. Prohibitionist, delegate 1908 and 1912 to the national prohibition conventions; was sec. of the Florida State Convention in 1912. Appointed by Governor of Florida as delegate to the Sociological Congress at Nashville, Tenn., 1912.

COFFIN, Elizabeth R., 23 Lily St., Nantucket, Mass.

Painter: b. Brooklyn, N.Y., 1850; dau. Andrew G., of Nantucket, and Elizabeth M. (Sherwood) Coffin, of N.Y. City; ed. Friends Sem., N.Y. City, and Vassar Coll., A.B. '70, A.M. '76; studied art in Hague Acad, of Fine Arts, Art Students' League, Brooklyn Art Guild, Pa. Acad. Fine Arts, medals at Hague for antique drawing, perspective, composition and anatomy. Received Dodge Prize at Nat. Acad. of Design, N.Y. City, 1902. Exhibited at Columbian Exhibition, Chicago World's Fair, 1893, and at various exhibitions all over the country. Has done some settlement work and work in boys' and girls' clubs, and for 11 years has been associated with others in an effort through which Admiral Sir Isaac Coffin's School, an old endowed academy in Nantucket, which had been closed, has been re-opened (its endowment increased) and is now providing manual training in woodwork and mechanical drawing and sewing for all the public school pupils of the town, and is introducing domestic science. Interested in woman suffrage. Mem. Vassar Alumnae Ass'n, Vassar Students' Aid Ass'n, Ass'n of Collegiate Alumnae, Art Students' League, Brooklyn Art Guild, Nantucket Civic League, Nantucket Historical Ass'n, Coffin School Ass'n, Maria L. Owen Soc. for the Protection of Wild Flowers, College Settlements Ass'n, Nat. Child Labor Committee. Recreations: Walking, riding, driving, sailing, music, opera, theatre. Mem. Nantucket Athletic Club (supporting gymnasium for boys and girls of town), and College Club, Boston.

COFFIN, Helen, 185 Ashley St., Hartford, Conn.

Librarian; b. Albany, N.Y.; daughter of William Latham and Anna (McHarg) Coffin; ed. Albany High School, Cornell Univ., A.B. '06; N.Y. State Library School, B.L.S. 1910 (mem. Delta Gamma). Assistant legislative reference section, N.Y. State Library, 1907-12; legislative reference librarian, Conn. State Library, Feb., 1912-. Presbyterian. Mem. College Club, Ex Libris Club, Hartford, Conn., and Hartford Grade Teachers' Club.

COFFIN, Ida Willets (Mrs. L Sherwood Coffin), 30 Remsen St., Brooklyn, N.Y.

Born Brooklyn, N.Y., Sept. 10, 1856; dau. Joseph and Esther (Griffin) Willets; ed. Adelphi Acad., Brooklyn; Geneva, Switzerland, two years; Weimar, Germany, for one year; m. Homewood, Roslyn, L.I., June 1, 1881, I. Sherwood Coffin; children: Sherwood, Willets, Mitchell, Helen. Mem. Brooklyn Free Kindergarten Soc., Philharmonic Soc, Woman's Municipal League, Brooklyn Woman's Club (pres.), Mrs. Fields' Literary Club, Twentieth Century Club.

COGDELL, Gertrude (Mrs. Earl Cogdell). Haskell, Tex.

Born Oakland, Cal., Jan. 29, 1881; dau. Charles Cabell and Eliza (Berry) Walker; ed. Oakland High School; m. Cleburne, Tex., Nov. 26, 1899. Earl Cogdell; children: Duke, Jefferson McLean, Ben Earl. Mem. Woman's Wednesday Club (Granbury), Magazine Club (Haskell); pres. Symphony Club, Haskell. Recreation: Music Episcopalian. Against woman suffrage.

COGGESHALL, Mary Bancroft, Pleasantville, N.Y.

Interior decorator; grad. Smith Coll., B.A. '01; student of architecture in N.Y. School of Applied Design for Women, 1904-07. Designer in Tiffany Studios, N.Y. City, 1908-09; since 1909 engaged as interior decorator in N.Y. City.

COGSWELL, Laura Elizabeth (Mrs. Henry B. Cogswell), 207 W. Eigthy-fourth St., N.Y. City.

Artist, writer; b. Stillwater, Minn.; dau. Joseph Cornelissen and Mary Hopkins (Hines) Yorke; ed. Mrs. Rood's Private School for Children; Stillwater High School; grad. St. Agatha's Convent, St. Paul, Minn.; N.Y. School of Art; m. Hudson, Wis., Oct. 16, 1892, Henry B. Cogswell. Mem. Publicity Dep't of General Federation Bulletin (official organ), and its N.Y. representative. Contributor to newspapers and magazines. Interested in Catholic Converts' League, Flag Soc, Mother of Washington Memorial Ass'n, Julia Ward Howe Memorial Ass'n, Women's National Roosevelt League. Author: A Great Man's Mother; The Governor's Room and Its Art Treasures in City Hall, New York; Fraunces Tavern, Yesterday, To-Day; Washington-Lafayette. Catholic convert. Mem. National Progressive Party. Mem. Acad, of Political Science, Am. Soc. of Sanitary and Moral Prophylaxis, West End Woman's Republican Ass'n, Women's State Republican Club of N.Y., Pan-American States' Club, N.Y. City Fed. of Women's Clubs. Recreations: Walking, study of nature, art, music. Favors woman suffrage; mem. Political Equality Union.

COGSWELL, Mariana, 8 Norfolk Terrace, Wellesley, Mass.

Teacher; b. Canterbury, N.H., Sept 6, 1858; dau. Amos Moody and Hannah Ames (Ames) Cogswell; ed. country schools of N.H., high school, Concord, N.H.; Wellesley Coll., B.A. '90; special work at Radcliffe and Chicago Univ. (correspondence school); Univ. of Berlin, Germany. Mem. Tau Zeta Epsilon. Taught in public high school, Concord, N.H., 15 years; Wellesley College, Latin, Greek and German, since 1902. Against woman suffrage. Recreations: Bicycling, shooting, out-of-door life in general.

COHEN, Frances, 203 Warburton Ar., Yonkers, N.Y.

Physician; b. Rye, N.Y.; ed. in schools in N.Y. City, Vassar Coll., A.B. '95; Cornell Univ., 1896-1900, M.D. 1900. Since 1900 engaged in practice of medicine. Editor (with Bessie B. Boyd): Vassar Views.

COHEN, Katherine M., 1814 North Broad St., Philadelphia, Pa.

Artist, sculptor; b. Philadelphia, Mar. 18, 1859; dau. Henry and Matilda (Samuel) Cohen; ed. private schools, including Ogontz (Pa.) School for Young Ladies, and languages under private instructors; art at Pa. Acad. of Fine Arts; sculpture at Art Students' League, N.Y. City, under Augustus St. Gaudens, followed by several years in ateliers in Paris and Florence. Began professional work in sculpture in 1880, chiefly portrait statues, relief work, as well as much decorative work, and miniatures in ivory; also painter of landscapes and the figure. Mem. New Century Club (Philadelphia), Am, Art Ass'n of Paris (honorary).

COHEN, Rebecca Ottolengui (Mrs. Octavus Cohen), Charleston, S.C.

Born Charleston, S. C, Oct. 16, 1856; dau. Israel and Rosalie (Moise) Ottolengui; ed. Charleston and Sumter; grad. St. Joseph's Acad., first honor, Sumter, S. C, 1872; m. Charleston, S. C, July 16, 1890, Octavus Cohen; children: Octavus R. and Dora M. Was school teacher for ten years before marriage; sup't Jewish Sabbath School for twelve years; for four years sup't religious school, Jersey City, N.J. Pres. Charleston Section Council of Jewish Women since its organization; Nat chairman Religious Schools Com., Council Jewish Women. Board mem. of City Federation of Women's Clubs; board mem. State Federation of Women's Clubs; mem. Health Com. Civic Club; vice-pres. and founder of Women's Hospital Auxiliary; chairman of public baths commission, appointed by City Council; first time in city history a woman held such a position. Jewess. Nat. Council of Jewish Women. Mem. Civic Club, City Fed. of Women's Clubs State Fed. of Women's Clubs, Women's Hospital Auxiliary.

COIT, Alice Atwood (Mrs. George Chandler Coit), 19 Hillside Av., Winchester, Mass.

Born Salem, Mass., Dec. 30, 1870; dau. Rev. Edward Summer Atwood, D.D., and Elizabeth (Monroe) Atwood; ed. Berlin private schools;


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Rh Smith Coll.. B.L. '94; Radcliffe Coll., graduate student, 1895-96; m. Saiem, Mass., June 6, 1899, George Chandler Coit; one dau. Lucia, b. May 14, 1911. Against woman suffrage. Congregationalist. Mem. State and local soc., Anti-Suffrage Ass'n, Ass'n Collegiate Alumnae. Mem. College Club, Boston; Fortnightly Club, Winchester; Winchester Smith College Club.

COIT, Ruth, 21 Chauncey St., Cambridge, Mass.

Educator; b. Philadelphia, Pa.; dau. Edward Woolsey and Caroline Mattocks (Moore) Coit; ed. Miss Comegys' and Miss Bell's School, and Miss Agnes Irwin's School, Philadelphia, and by later special instruction. Teacher St. Louis, 1894-97, Cambridge, Mass., as ass't to Arthur Gilman 1902-07, and since then head mistress. The Gilman School.

COKENOWER Katharine Eleanor Stalford (Mrs. James W. Cokenower), 1002 Forest Av., Des Moines, Iowa.

Born Rochelle. Ill., April 2 1866; dau George Horton and Minerva J. (Hollenback) Stalford; ed. Simpson Coll., Indianola, Ind.; Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle 1896; mem. Kappa Kappa Gamma; m. Mar 4 1891, Dr. James W. Cokenower. Mem. Board of Directors Home for the Aged, Boys' Club Board Board of Salvation Rescue Home, Board of Directors of Garden Club. Favors woman suffrage. Mem. Votes for Women League. Presbyterian. Democrat. Mem. Order Eastern Star No. 89 Abigail Adams Chapter D.A.R Mem. Hyperion Club Des Moines Women's Club; cor. sec. of City Federation, Chauncey Depew Club; pres of the Soc. of the Hall in the Grove; mem of Progressive Circle, Chautauqua Union. Active in all Chautauqua affairs and clubs for betterment of living.

COLBRON, Grace Isabel, 250 W. 78th St., N.Y. City.

Writer, lecturer, playwright; b. N.Y. City; dau. W. J. and Isabel (de Forest) Colbron; ed. in private schools, N.Y. City, Summit, N.J., and Berlin, Germany. Author (with Clayton Hamilton) of play: The Love that Blinds (produced 1906). Translator of plays: The Reckoning ("Liebelei"), from the German of Arthur Schnitzler (produced 1907); Comtesse Coquette ("Infidele"), from the German of Sudermann, 1910; A Marriage (from Björnsterne Björsen (produced 1904-10), published as book, 1910. Translator of books: Joe Müller, Detective; The Man with the Black Rod, and Mene Tekel (all from the German of A. Groner); A Lesson in Marriage (from the Norwegian of Björnsterne Björsen). Editor and chief translator of German and Scandinavian edition of Mystery and Detective Stories (12 vols.); also many stories in German and Scandinavian Section of Masterpieces of Foreign Literature; leading contributor for German and Scandinavian stories to Transatlantic Tales. Literary critic in The Bookman, North Am. Review. The Forum, etc. Contributor to The Public (Chicago) and Single Tax Review (N.Y. City). Active in single-tax propaganda, writing and lecturing. Progressive Democrat in political views; favors woman suffrage. Mem. Woman's Henry George League of N.Y.; Brooklyn Woman's Single-tax Club, German Land Reform League, Woman's Trade Union League, Am. Playgoers.

COLBURN, Anna Coder (Mrs. Thomas A. Colburn), 2725 A St., Lincoln, Neb.

Born Meadville, Pa., June 17, 1869; dau. Major Daniel R. Coder (Pa. Reserve Vol. Corps, three years in Civil War; twice wounded; three months in Libby Prison) and Ellen J. (Ingersoll) Coder; ed. high school, Meadville, and Allegheny Coll., A.B. '92, A.M. '95; graduate work at Univ. of Neb. (mem. Kappa Alpha Theta); m. Meadville, July 30, 1896, Thomas A. Colburn; children: Dorothy E.. b. Jan. 24, 1898; Reed Coder, b. Dec. 27, 1899 (died Sept. 15, 1900); Beatrice Adell, b. April 27, 1901. Teacher in Meadville High School; for three years head of the Latin and French dep'ts of Missouri Wesleyan Coll., Cameron, Mo. Interested In Sunday-school, home and foreign missions and social settlement work. Life mem. Woman's Foreign Missionary Soc. Against woman suffrage. Methodist. Mem. Kappa Alpha Theta Alumnae Ass'n, Lincoln; Woman's Club of Lincoln, Neb.; organizer and first leader of Outlook Club.

COLBURN, Iola Burnham (Mrs. M. F. Colburn), 5604 Longpre Av., Hollywood, Cal.

Physician; b. Lincoln, Vt., April 28, 1864; dau. Wolcott H. and Lydia B. (Johnson) Burnham; grad. Univ. of Southern Cal., M.D. 95 m. Riverside, Cal. Dec 23 1884 Rev. M F. Colburn (died 1896). While practising medicine in Minneapolis, was sec. of Women's Med. Ass'n of Minnesota; later assisted to editing Journal of Psycho-Asthenics. At present sup't of Resthaven, the first Psychopathic Parole Society Home in the United States.

COLBURN, Hattie Leonard (Mrs. Edgar Grey Colburn), 1418 Union St., Schenectady, N.Y.

Pianist and teacher; b. Detroit, Mich., Jan. 20, 1858; dau. Charles Egbert and Cynthia (Van Name) Leonard; ed. Chicago public and high school, Sacred Heart Convent, Karl Klindworth school of Music in Berlin, Germany; m. Boston, Mass., Sept. 25, 1895, Edgar Grey Colburn. Had charge of Cornell Coll. Conservatory of Music at Mount Vernon, Ia., for four years; studied with Karl Klindworth, Hans von Bulow and Eugene D'Albert in Berlin, Germany. Founded the music dep't of the woman's club of Schenectady (now pres. for second time of club— 350 members). Organized the Schenectady chapter D.A.R. (regent for the second year). Episcopalian. Mem. Soc. of Mayflower Desendants; Soc. of John Howland Family; Soc. of Andrew Warde Family. Taught piano in Chicago, N.Y. City and Boston, and has been at the head of music in Schenectady for past sixteen years.

COLBY, Clara Bewick, Portland, Oreg.

Lecturer, interpreter of Whitman, writer; b. Gloucester, Eng.; dau. Thomas and Clara Willingham (Chilton) Bewick; ed. Univ. of Wis., Ph.B. Taught in Univ. of Wis., department of Latin and History, edited and published the Woman's Tribune, in Nebraska, 1883-88, Washington, D.C., 1888-1904, Portland, Ore., 1904-09. Delegate to International Congress of Women in London, Eng., 1899, delegated by Governor to represent Oregon in the First International Moral Education Congress, London, 1908, to First International Races' Congress in London, 1911. Vice-pres. Neb. Woman Suffrage Ass'n, from its formation 1881-83, pres. 1883-99. Since formation cor. sec. Federal Woman's Equality Ass'n. Writes magazine articles for Arena, Harper's Bazar, Overland, Englishwoman, etc., and newspaper correspondence. Mem. The Fellowship, International Peace Union, Nat. Woman's Press Ass'n, Oregon Women's Press Ass'n, Higher Thought Center (London), Women's Freedom League, Nat. Political Reform League. Mem. the International Women's Franchise Club, London. Has often appeared before State legislatures and Congressional coms. on behalf of Woman Suffrage. Aided woman suffrage in England in 1908, recently for more than a year, speaking in halls, garden parties, parks, and generally throughout the country.

COLBY, Eleanor, 130 Claremont Av., N.Y. City.

Illustrator, writer, art lecturer; b. Dowagiac, Mich.; dau. Horace Farnham and Lucy Tracy (Perkins) Colby; ed. high school, Oberlin; Chicago Art Inst.; Art Students' League of New York; Pratt Inst., Brooklyn. Ass't supervisor of drawing in St. Louis schools; left this to give lectures chiefly on art topics. Wrote book: Talks to Teachers on Drawing and Painting. Regular contributor of fiction and prose to many women's magazines and editor of girls' pages in the Pictorial Review. Lectures before Women's Club; mem. Broadway Tabernacle (Congregational); pres. of class of 1912 in the Tabernacle. Favors woman suffrage. Author: Talks to Teachers on Drawing and Painting; Stories of the Sextette; The Gregory Twins (Pictorial Review, 1913); has drawn many color pages in the Delineator, Ladies' Home Journal, etc.


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192. Recreation: Walking. Mem. Pedestrian Club, Bowling Club, Pen and Brush Club, and The Playgoers.

COLBY, June Rose, 302 W. Mulberry St., Normal, Ill.

Prof. literature; b. Cherry Valley, O., June 4, 1856; dau. Lewis and Celestia (Rice) Colby; ed. Ann Arbor, (Mich.), high school, Univ. of Mich., A.B., '78, A.M., '85, Ph.D. '86 (Phi Beta Kappa), Radcliffe Coll., 1883-84. Taught algebra, Ann Arbor High School 1878-79, preceptress and teacher Latin and Greek, Flint (Mich.) High School, 1879-83, English and Literature, Peoria (Ill.) High School, 1886-92; preceptress and prof, literature Ill. State Normal Univ. Jan. 1892-09, prof, literature, same, 1909-. Author: Some Ethical Aspects of Later Elizabethan Drama, 1886; Literature and Life in School, 1906. Editor of Silas Marner, 1900, and of Quentin Durward, 1912; contributor to Elementary School Teacher; Bi-monthly Education; Year Book of the Nat. Soc. for the Scientific Study of Education, Nat. Educational Ass'n, The Illinois School-mistresses Club, Phi Beta Kappa Soc. Associate mem. Amateur Musical Club, Bloomington, Ill. Recreations: Reading, walking, driving, travel or rest by water, theater, music (as listener).

COLCLEUGH, Emma Shaw, Gano St., Providence, R.I.

Journalist, lecturer; b. Thompson, Conn.; dau. George W. and Abbey (Carpenter) Shaw; ed. in private school, Thompson, Conn.; m. Providence, R.I., May 17, 1893, Frederick William Colcleugh. Mem. Provincial Parliament of Manitoba (deceased). Author: World Wide Wisdom Words (a year-book of proverbs gleaned in Central Africa, the South Seas, South America, Europe, etc); Alaskan Gleanings. Went to South America winter of 1910-11, the second time at request of Hamburg-American Co. to give a series of talks on South America on shipboard. Has edited a dep't in Providence Journal since 1895. For the past six years has reviewed for the Journal many books along lines of travel and ethnology. Letters from Cuba at the time of the Spanish-American War appeared in the Journal, Boston Transcript, N.Y. Evening Post, etc. Mem. New England Women's Press Ass'n; honorary mem. R.I. Woman's Club, Providence Fortnightly Club, Providence Mothers' Club, Sarah E. Doyle Club, Unity Club. Congregationalist. Against woman suffrage.

COLCORD, Stella Gladys, Carson City, Nev.

Born West Medway, Mass.; dau. Roswell K. and Mary F. (Hopkins) Colcord; grad. Snell Sem., Oakland, Cal., '92; student Stanford Univ., 1893-94. Admitted to practice before the U.S. Land Office and has done much legal work; interested in civic improvement and playground work through the activities of the Leisure Hour Club along these lines; mem. Leisure Hour Club (literary), being one of the founders (pres. 1911-12). Recreations: Traveling, tennis, dancing, cards, horseback riding, automobiling. Episcopalian. Republican.

COLE, Ada Augusta, 136 Perkins St., Somerville,

Artist; b. Somerville, Mass., Feb. 2, 1876; dau. John F. and Anna F. (Pulsifer) Cole; ed. Somerville High School (preparatory); Boston Univ., Ph.B. '99 (elected to Phi Beta Kappa; mem. Delta, Delta, Delta). Sec. Woman's Alliance of First Unitarian Church of Somerville; sec. Mass. Epsilon Chapter of Phi Beta Kappa. Unitarian. Mem. Marblehead Hist. Soc, Woman's Alliance of Unitarian Denomination, College Club, Boston; Coenonia Club, Somerville.

COLE, Angie Dresser (Mrs. John Silas Cole Jr.), 144 Philadelphia Av., West., Detroit, Mich.

Born Hinsdale, Mass., Feb. 26, 1876; dau. Simeon Parker and Mary Elizabeth (Cobb) Dresser; ed. Pittsfield (Mass.) High School; Smith Coll., A.B. '98; m. Springfield, Mass., June 1, 1904, John Silas Cole Jr.; children: Kenneth Winston, b. April 20, 1906; Margaret Elizabeth, b. Nov. 17, 1911. Against woman suffrage. Congregationalist.

COLE, Anna B. Taylor (Mrs. Herbert A. Cole), 34 Pearl St., Somerville, Mass.

Physician; b. Sugar Hill, N.H., Nov. 14, 1852; dau. Joseph L. and Laura (Gove) Taylor; ed. in country school until 16 years old; Salem, Mass., Normal School; Boston Univ. Med. School, M.D. '84: m. Mar. 31, 1894, Herbert A. Cole; step-son: Herbert A. Cole Jr. Engaged in general practice and gynecology (very large practice in women's diseases). Universalist. Mem. Mass. Homoeopathic Med. Soc, Boston Med. Soc, Surgical and Gynecological Soc, Am. Inst. of Homoeopathy. Recreation: Traveling. Mem. Professional Women's Club (Boston), New Hampshire Club, Powder House Club and Skinner Club (Somerville), College Club, Boston.

COLE, Bertha Woolsey Dwight (Mrs. Charles Buckingham Cole), 371 Upper Mountain Av., Upper Montclair, N.J.

Born Clinton, N.Y.; grad. Smith Coll., B.L. '91; student in French at the Sorbonne, Paris, 1893-94; m. Clinton, N.Y., June 30, 1896, Charles Buckingham Cole (lawyer and lecturer in N.Y. Law School); children: Lois Dwight, b. Oct. 17, 1902; Charles Woolsey, b. Feb. 8, 1906. Taught in Miss Nurse's School, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1891-92.

COLE, Birdie Haile (Mrs. Edwin W. Cole), Fredericktown, Mo.

Born St. Genevieve Co., Mo., Nov. 23, 1866; dau. William C. and Mary A. (Gaines) Haile; ed. in the district schools, two years; in Baptist Coll. at Farmington, Mo., 1886-88; grad. in Chautauqua Reading Course, 1904; m. St. Genevieve Co., Mo., Mar. 18, 1890, Edwin W. Cole; children: John Thomas, Byrdeen Haile, Lois Elba. Has been 20 years teacher in Sunday-school. Six years pres. of literary club, and leading factor in all philanthropic movements.; Sec Providence Ass'n; third vice-pres. Missionary Soc; editor for missionary conference. Author of a great many newspaper articles, including: Southeast Missouri—A Picture Country, and Mine La Motte, the Oldest Lead Mine in America (St. Louis Republic); also articles in Illustrated Methodist Magazine; Why Longfellow is Our Most Popular Poet; The Home Library; Chautauqua, and The Canal Zone. Mem. Methodist Episcopal Church, South. Mem. Missionary Soc, Order Eastern Star, Modern Brotherhood of America. Favors woman suffrage.

COLE, Jennie S. (Mrs. David J. Cole), 122 S. Oneida Av., Rhinelander, Wis.

Born Plover, Wis., April 27, 1852; dau. Judge Miner and Ursula (Wilmot) Strope; ed. in common school and self-educated; grad. Chautauqua Course, '92; m. June 20, 1871, David J. Cole; one daughter: Nellie Cole (Mrs. B. L. Horr, Rhinelander). Favors woman suffrage and sec. Suffrage Soc. Methodist. Mem. Rhinelander Woman's Club. Ancestors came over in the Mayflower, fought in the Revolutionary War and War of 1812, and participated in the Boston Tea Party; great-great-grandmother and five children were captured by Indians and were in custody several months after the "Massacre of Wyoming"; other relations fought in Civil and Spanish wars.

COLE, Mary Cross (Mrs. Redmond S. Cole), Pawnee, Okla.

Born Audrain Co., Mo., Oct. 22, 1884; dau. John Newton and Olivia McClure (Harris) Cross ed. Mexico (Mo.) High School (valedictorian), '02; Univ. of Mo., B.S. in education (mem. Alpha Phi Sigma, local); m. Columbia, Mo., June 11, 1910, Redmond S. Cole, A.M. (county attorney of Pawnee Co., Okla., 1910-15). Active worker in Methodist Episcopal Church and its organizations; active in Y.W.C.A. while in university. Favors woman suffrage. Democrat. Recreation: Tennis. Pres. Up-to-Date Club, Pawnee, Okla. (literary); pres. Nevin Music Club; mem. Art Circle and Civic Improvement Club.

COLE, Mary Wallace (Mrs. John Gully Cole), 4022 Westminster Place, St. Louis, Mo.

Born St. Louis, Feb. 23, 1878; dau. James W. and Anna Flintham (Noble) Wallace; ed. Mary Inst., St. Louis; Washington Univ., St. Louis; Columbia Coll. and Teachers Coll., N.Y. City, B.S.; m. St. Louis, July 14, 1904, John Gully


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Rh Cole; children: Elizabeth, Wrighton, John Flintham. Grad. as teacher of domestic science and art; taught two years in Long Branch (N.J.) public schools. Mem. Neighborhood Ass'n, Social Service Conference, D.A.R. Mem. Wednesday Club. Unitarian. Favors woman suffrage; sustaining mem. of local organization.

COLE, Mary Watkinson Rockwell (Mrs. Edward Smith Cole), 133 Bellevue Av., Upper Montclair, N.J.

Born Jewett City, Conn., Sept. 15, 1873; dau. John Arnold and Mareta Denny (Ayres) Rockwell; ed. in public schools, Norwich, Conn., Norwich Free Acad., two years in schools in Göttingen, Germany, one year in Tours, France, four years in Smith Coll., B.L. '97, two terms Chicago Univ. (mem. Alpha and Coloquium); m. Norwich, Conn., June 26, 1901, Edward Smith Cole; children: John Rockwell, b. May 16, 1902; Elizabeth Shaw, b. Feb. 9 (died Nov.), 1905; Edward Shaw, b. June 7, 1908. Taught three years French, Latin, English, and acted as dean of women at Rhode Island Agricultural Coll., Kingston, R.I. Active in all sorts of church work. Mem. Woman's Club, Upper Montclair, N.J.; sec. Anti-Tuberculosis Soc. of Montclair, N.J. Congregationalist.

COLEGROVE, Emma Ridley (Mrs. Chauncey P. Colegrove), Cedar Falls, Ia.

Born Grinnell, Ia., Dec. 28, 1866; dau. Charles A. and Maria Anna (Brown) Ridley; father descended from ancient family of Ridleys of Northumberland, Eng. (to which Bishop Ridley, the martyr, belonged), through Capt. Marke Ridley, who came to Mass. about 1660, and whose descendants, settling in Bowdoin and Searsport, Me., took part in the Revolutionary War, War of 1812 and the Civil War; ed. Ia. State Teachers Coll., B.Di. '88, Univ. of Mich., B.A. '92, Radcliffe Coll., M.A., '96; m. Grinnell, Ia., Aug. 29, 1899, Prof. Chauncey P. Colegrove, Sc.D. (now vice-pres. Ia. State Teachers' Coll.); children: Marian Emma, Donald Ridley and Catherine Anna. Prin. high school, Perry, Ia., 1888-89; ass't Ia. State Teachers Coll., 1889-90; prof. history Ia. State Teachers Coll., 1892-99. Pres. Mothers' Council; cor. sec. Upper Ia. Conference for Women's Home Missionary Soc; also district pres. of same; mem. W.C.T.U. Frequently makes addresses on social and religious topics. Against woman suffrage. Author: Outlines and Studies in U. S. History; introduction in Hart's Source Book for U.S. History. Methodist. Mem. Soc. D.A.R., Cedar Falls Tuesday Club; recording sec. Iowa Congress of Mothers.

COLEGROVE, Mabel Eloise (Mrs. Frederick Welton Colegrove), Coxsackie, N.Y.

Librarian; b. Hamilton, N.Y.; dau. Albert and Mary Electa (Marble) Dart; ed. Vassar Coll. B.A., N.Y. State Library School, B.L.S.; m. Frederick Welton Colegrove. Preceptress for seven years of Acad. at Norwich (N.Y.) and Marion Coll. Inst.; now librarian Heermance Memorial Library. At various times pres. of literary societies and missionary societies; mem. Exec. Com., Kansas State Y.W.C.A., Exec. Com. of Library Board; various educational corns., etc. Has traveled extensively in America and Europe. Mem. D.A.R. Baptist.

COLEMAN, Anna William Edwards (Mrs. George Edwin Coleman), 21 Aspinwall Road, Dorchester Centre, Mass.

Born Massachusetts; grad. Smith Coll., B.A. '88; m. June 28, 1898, George Edwin Coleman; children: Catherine Edwards, b. April 11, 1900; Dorothea Edwards, b. Jan. 6, 1902; Priscilla Edwards, b. Sept. 18, 1903 (died April 23, 1904). Teacher, Erie, Pa.. 1888; Ipswich, Mass., 1888-90; Hyde Park, Mass., 1890-06; Brockton, Mass., 1896-98; private teacher, Dorchester, Mass., 1899-1908.

COLEMAN, Alice Blanchard (Mrs. George W. Coleman), 177 W. Brookline St., Boston, Mass.

Born May 7, 1858; dau. James W. and Ellen M. (Blanchard) Merriam; ed. Everett School, Boston, and Bradford Acad., Bradford, Mass. Pres. Council of Women for Home Missions; vice-pres. International Council for Patriotic Service; first vice-pres. Woman's American Baptist Home Mission Soc; pres. Mass. Council for Patriotic Service; trustee Spelman Sem., Atlanta, Ga.; trustee Hartshorn Memorial Coll., Richmond, Va.; Woman's Baptist Social Union. Baptist. Favors woman suffrage.

COLEMAN, Corinne Hoyt (Mrs. Valentine Mathes Coleman), Newington, Portsmouth, R.F.D., N.H.

Former teacher; b. Portsmouth, N.H.; dau. James and Lydia (Smith) Hoyt; ed. Portsmouth and Atkinson, N.H.; m. Newington, N.H., June 18, 1870, Valentine Mathes Coleman; children: Dorothy Mathes, Lydia Smith, Nathaniel Piper, James Hoyt, Florence Hoyt (A.B.). Taught until marriage; has served in local school board; mem. Exec. Board of Unitarian Soc Weekly contributor of specimens for the nature table at the public library. Favors woman suffrage. Unitarian. Recreation: Nature study. Mem. Shakespeare Club (pres. since 1898).

COLEMAN, Hannah Hemphill (Mrs. M. T. Coleman), Abbeville, S.C.

Federation president; b. Abbeville, S.C, April 17, 1872; dau. Robert R. and Eugenia (Brewton) Hemphill; ed. Abbeville High School; m. Jan. 27, 1892, M. T. Coleman; children: Robert, Lavenia Teague, Eugenia Cornelia, James Finlay. Ass't editor Abbeville Medium, 1889-92. Mem. (with D. B. Johnson and Miss Mary L. Yeargin) of commission appointed by Governor Benjamin R. Tillman to investigate and report advisability of establishing industrial school for girls, as result of whose report Winthrop College was established. Favors woman suffrage. Methodist. Pres. S.C. Fed. of Women's Clubs; pres. Abbeville Civic Club and of Abbeville Music Club.

COLEMAN, Helena, 776 Huron St., Toronto, Ont.

Poet; b. in Province of Ontario; dau. Rev. Francis C. (Methodist clergyman) and Emmeline Maria (Adams) Coleman, descendant of John Quincy Adams; sister of Professor A. P. Coleman of Univ. of Toronto; ed. in Canadian schools. Contributor of poems to various publications. Author: Songs and Sonnets.

COLEMAN, Mary Willson (Mrs. John Coleman), New Concord, O.

Born Pittsburgh, Pa., July 24, 1885; dau. Rev. David Burt and Mary Rebecca (Galbraith) Willson; grad. Pa. Coll. for Women, A.B. '03; Univ. of Pa., A.M. '04; held university scholarship, 1903-04; Pepper fellowship in English, 1905-06; m. Pittsburgh, Pa., June 23, 1909, Rev. John Coleman. Instructor in English, Goucher Coll., 1906-08; instructor in English, Pa. Coll. for Women, 1908-09; instructor in philosophy, Muskingum Coll., 1909-10. Reformed Presbyterian.

COLESBERRY, Jean Walker, St. Martha's House, 2029 S. Eighth St., Philadelphia, Pa.

Deaconess; b. Philadelphia, April 26, 1867; dau. Alexander and Mary A. (Bailie) Purves; ed. private school; two years at Church Training and Deaconess House. Head of St. Martha's Settlement since 1901. Mem. Neighborhood Workers' Soc, Public Education Soc, University Extension Soc, Home and School League, Civic Club.

COLGATE, Adele S., 26 W. Thirty-ninth St., N.Y. City.

Born Ballston Spa, N.Y., Aug. 28, 1883; dau. Samuel J. and Cora E. (Smith) Colgate; ed. mostly abroad and by governesses. Episcopalian. Mem. Ladies' Automobile Club of Great Britain and Ireland. Favors woman suffrage.

COLIN, Mme. Therese F., Wellesley College, Wellesley, Mass.

Born in France; m. Alfred Colin; diplomée at agrégrée, Collège de Neuchatel, 1875; Leland Stanford Jr. Univ., A.M. '93; Univ. of Pa., Ph.D. '97; officier de l'Instruction Publique, Paris, 1906; Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, 1883-85; Univ. of the City of N.Y., 1887-88; fellow in Romance Languages, Bryn Mawr Coll., 1893-94. Reader in Romance Languages and graduate student, Bryn Mawr Coll., 1894-96; student in Romance philology and literature, Sorbonne, Collège de France, Ecole des Hautes Etudes, Ecole des Chartes, Paris, 1895. Head of French dep't in Miss Florence Baldwin's School, Bryn Mawr,


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194 Pa., 1896-1904; associate prof, of French, Wellesley Coll., 1904-06; professor-elect, 1906-07, and professor of French language and literature since 1907, and head of French dep't since 1905, Wellesley; prof. French language and literature, Univ. Extension Dep't of Harvard Univ., since 1910.

COLLIER, Hannah C. Shackleford (Mrs. Cowles M. Collier), Street Railway Advertising Co., Flatiron Bldg., N.Y. City.

Born Cave Spring, Floyd Co., Ga.; dau. James and Harriet (Cowdrey) Shackelford; ed. by governesses till 14th year, Wesleyan Female Coll., Macon, Ga., Miss Bates' Sem., Charleston, S.C. (Philomathean Soc); m. Early Co., Ga., C. Myles Collier; children: Georgia Shackelford, Charles Myles, Euphan Marshall, Barron Gift. Mem. Colonial Dames, D.A.R., United Daughters of Confederacy, Nat. Soc. Patriotic Women of America, The Governors, The Women's Auxiliary to the Am. Scenic and Historical Preservation Soc; also mem. Dixie Club (social club commemorating customs and traditions of the South). Episcopalian.

COLLIER, Laura Brownell (Mrs. John Austin Collier), 282 DeKalb Av., Brooklyn, N.Y.

Teacher; b. Williston, Vt, Jan. 27, 1851; dau. Chauncey Wells and Laura Chapin (Higbee) Brownell; ed. Mrs. Worcester's Boarding School, Burlington, Vt., Vassar Coll, A.B., '74 (commencement speaker, spade orator), Victoria Lyceum, Berlin, Germany, 1877-78; m. Williston, Vt., June 28, 1882, John Austin Collier; children; Elizabeth Brownell, Katherine Brownell. Teacher in Burlington High School, Vt., 1874-77, German and philosophy in Abbott Acad., Andover, Mass., 1879-82; Latin in Packer Coll. Inst., Brooklyn, 1893-1912. Mem. Y.W.C.A., Brooklyn Bureau of Charities, Vassar Students' Aid Ass'n, Ass'n of Coll. Alumnae. Writes magazine articles in Outlook, Atlantic Monthly, and educational periodicals. Clubs: Meridian, University. Congregationalist.

COLLIER, Mary Vail (Mrs. Allen Collier), 108 E. Auburn Av., Cincinnati, O.

Born Blairstown, N.J., 1879; dau. John Davis and Melissa (Gregory) Vail; ed. Blair Acad., 1897; Wellesley Coll., B.A. '02 (mem. Tau Zeta Epsilon); m. Blairstown, N.J., Jan. 12, 1910, Allen Collier; one daughter: Caroline How Collier. Presbyterian. Mem. Cincinnati Woman's Club, College Club of Cincinnati.

COLLIN, Grace Lathrop, 600 W. 113th St., N.Y. City.

Writer; b. Elmira, N.Y., dau. Charles A. and Emily L. (Ripley) Collin; ed. Smith Coll., B.L. '96, Columbia Univ., M.A. '99. Mem. Phi Kappa Psi (Smith). Sec. Smith Club. N.Y. City, N.Y. Branch Ass'n Coll. Alumnae. Author: Putnam Place; also magazine and newspaper writer. Favors woman suffrage.

COLLINS, Alice Derfia Howes (Mrs. William French Collins), 89 Norwood Av., Upper Montclair, N.J.

Born Utica, N.Y., Oct. 21. 1872; dau. Alfred Pettis and Alice (Hollingworth) Howes; ed. Utica public schools; Smith Coll., A.B. '95; N.Y. State Normal Coll., Ph.B. '96; m. Utica, N.Y., May 22, 1900, William French Collins; one son: William Howes, b. 1908. Contributor to magazines and papers. Mem. Smith College Club of N.Y., the Woman's Club of Upper Montclair. Episcopalian.

COLLINS, Alice Roger (Mrs. Alexander J. H. Collins), Mount Forest, Ont., Can.

Pianist, piano teacher and composer; dau. Rev. W. M and Helen S. (Wallis) Roger; ed. Coll. Insts. of London, Ont., St. Catharines and Peterboro, Miss Veal's school and Havergal Coll., Toronto, Ont.; in music, Toronto Coll. and Conservatory of Music, and in Leipzig, Germany; m. 1906, Alexander James Hay Collins of Bank of Montreal; children: Helen, Walter, Robert Durham. Author of short poems published from time to time in Canadian papers. Composer of Indian Cradle Song; Du Bist Wie Eine Blume; Requital; You and I; Hepaticas; The Sandman; Good Shepherd; songs are published under the name of Alice H. Roger, poems under name of Alice Roger Collins. Presbyterian. Has traveled extensively; was for several years a teacher of piano and musical theory in Peterboro Conservatory of Music; also had a studio in Toronto. In Germany studied with Prof. Martin Krause and Mr. Harry Field.

COLLINS, Erailie Moulton (Mrs. Charles Noble Collins), Seneca, Nemaha Co., Kan.

Primary teacher; b. Rochester, Racine Co., Wis., Jan. 27, 1845; dau. Nathaniel and Emeline M. (Hoyt) Moulton; ed. public school and seminary at Rochester; public school in Mazomanie, Dane Co., Wis., and a year in Chicago; most of the time in the City Normal; m. Cedar Falls, Ia., June 11, 1869, Charles Noble Collins; children: Ruth M. Collins and two deceased. Taught three terms in Dane Co., Wis., and for more than four years in Black Hawk Co., Ia. Removing to Seneca, Kan., resumed teaching in 1878, and has taught continuously (35 years) in the first primary of Seneca public school. Favors woman suffrage; mem. Suffrage Club. Universalist. Democrat (progressive). Mem. Knights and Ladies of Security since its establishment in Seneca (sec. 18 years). Mem. Good Templars in Wis., W.C.T.U., Life and Annuity Ass'n of Hiawatha, Kan. Recreations: Reading, lectures, concerts, drama.

COLLINS, Emma Gowdy (Mrs. William Leslie Collins), Frankfort, Ky.

Writer; b. Campbellsville, Taylor Co., Ky.; dau. Hon. Alfred Franklin and Sarah Lois (Hotchkiss) Gowdy; ed. Campbellsville schools; Nazareth Acad.; Lebanon Baptist Female Coll.; Eminence Coll., A.B. ; m. Campbellsville, Sept. 9, 1894, William Leslie Collins; children: Ethel Lynn, Cora Edmonson. Author: Sea Waifs and Other Poems; also short stories and sketches. Composer of music, principally songs, including: Eleven O'Clock Thoughts; A Waltz; The Song That She Sang. Mem. Christian Church. Mem. Order of the Eastern Star, D.A.R., King's Daughters.

COLLINS, Jennie Kendrick (Mrs. James E. Collins), Alamo Heights, San Antonio, Tex.

Poet, novelist, writer; b. on a Mississippi plantation; dau. John W. and Martha C. (Glenn) Kendrick; grad. Ripley Female Coll., Mississippi; m. on Mississippi plantation, Oakwood, Lucas Haines Byrn (died 1885); children: Harriet Russell, Lillian Kendrick, Clifford; m. (2d) 1887, James E. Collins. Promoter of education; was elected first vice-pres. of Southern Woman's Educational Ass'n for Betterment of Public Schools; appointed pres. for Texas of same. Mem. and historian of D.A.R. Episcopalian. Mem. Order of Eastern Star, Daughters of Confederacy, Soc. for Preservation of Va. Antiquities; mem. Equal Suffrage Soc. Was on staff of Taylor Trotwood Magazine (Nashville), three years. Author: The Isle of Storm; Christmas One Hundred Years Ago; Blue Bonnets (book of verse). Mem. San Antonio Woman's Club; pres. Pen woman's Club of San Antonio; ex-pres. Bohemian Scribblers; charter mem. Southern Woman Writers' League, organized April 14, 1912, at Nashville, Tenn. Descendant of Col. William Ball, great-grandfather of George Washington, and of Lord de la Warr (Thomas West).

COLLINS, Julia Cope (Mrs. William H. Collins), Haverford, Pa.

Missionary secretary; b. Philadelphia, Pa.; ed. Miss Burnham's School, Northampton, Mass.; Bryn Mawr Coll., A.B. '89; graduate student Bryn Mawr Coll., 1896-97, 1905-06; m. 1894, William H. Collins. Sec. of Bryn Mawr Coll., 1889-94, school director Haverford Township, Pa., 1899-1903; since 1905 general sec. of the Foreign Missionary Ass'n of Friends of Philadelphia. Mem. Society of Friends.

COLLINS, Mary Clementine, 612 N. 13th St., Keokuk, Ia.

Clergyman, missionary; b. Alton, 111., Apr. 18, 1846; dau. Ephriam and Margaret (Lewis) Collins; ed. Keokuk (Ia.) public and private schools, M.A. Ripon Coll., Ripon, Wis. An ordained minister, ordained at Keokuk, 1898; missionary to Sioux Indians since 1875. Has helped in all the reformations in the Government's


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Rh dealing with Indians for more than three decades; has lectured in almost every State in the Union on the Indian, his possibilities and his needs, and religion. Author of many leaflets and magazine articles: Children of the Prairie; Thirty Years With the Indians; What the Indian Child is Taught in the Old Life; etc. Congregationalist. Republican. Mem. D.A.R., Genealogical Soc. of Mass., Alumni of Ripon Coll. Recreations: Horseback riding, driving, croquet and boating. Has lived since 1875 on an Indian Reservation, speaks the Sioux language; made collections of Indian cooking utensils, arms and dress. Studied their customs and religions. Has been a regular attendant at the Mohonk Conference and is recognized by the Indians as a Medicine Woman.

COLLINS, Nellie R. (Mrs. Lorin C. Collins), Santa Fe, N.Mex.

Born Chicago, Feb. 10, 1855; dau. George A. Robb and Martha (Temple) Robb; ed Evanston, Ill.; attended Northwestern Univ.; m. Evanston, Sept. 17, 1873, Lorin C. Collins; children: Carrie Mary (deceased), Lorin C. Collins 3d, Helen (deceased), Grace, George Robb Colons. Mem. Chicago Woman's Club; honorary pres. of Canal Zone Fed. of Women's Clubs; organizer and pres. of Santa Fe Woman's Club, organized Oct. 30, 1912; was pres. Ladies' Aid Soc. of Am. Reformed Church, Norwood Park, Chicago, 1882; chairman of com. to visit county institutions and secure reform in their management of Chicago Women's Club, 1894; chairman of auxiliary com. to State Board of Charities in Ill., 1896; chairman of social com. of Chicago Woman's Club 1898; first vice-pres. of Chicago Woman's Club, 1900; pres. Cristobal Woman's Club, Canal Zone, 1907; vice-pres. 1907 and pres. 1908, Canal Zone Fed. of Women's Clubs; pres. Guild of Christ Church, Colon, Panama, 1909; directress of Altar Guild of Church of the Holy Faith, Santa Fe. Episcopalian. Favors woman suffrage. Her husband was appointed, in 1905, associate justice of the Supreme Court of the Canal Zone and she went with him.

COLLITZ, Klara Hechtenberg (Mrs. Hermann Collitz), 135 W. Mt. Royal Av., Baltimore, Md.

Authoress; b. Rheydt, Germany; dau. Wilhelm and Maria (Friederichs) Hechtenberg; grad. Höhere Lehrerinnen Bildungsanstalt, Neuwied on Rhein, studied in Lausanne, Switzerland, and Univ. of London, Latin and French philology, 1889-92, obtained a first class in Oxford Univ. and final honors on exam.; student Univ. of Heidelberg, Germany, 1889-1901 (Ph.D., 1901); m. Surbiton, Eng., Aug. 14, 1904, Hermann Collitz, prof. Germanic philology in Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore. Lecturer in French philology in Victoria Coll., Belfast, Ireland, 1895-96; in charge of Germanic philology in Smith Coll., Northampton, Mass., 1897-99; lecturer in Germanic philology for women students in Oxford, Eng. 1901-04. Author: Das Fremdwort bei Grimmelshausen, Heidelberg, 1901; Der Briefstil im 17. Jahrhundert, Berlin, 1903; Fremdwörterbuch des 17. Jahrhunderts, Berlin, 1904; Selections from Early German Literature, New York, 1910; also has in preparation Selections from Classical German Literature; contributor to philological journals. Protestant. Mem. Germanic Soc. and Philological Ass'n (Johns Hopkins Univ.); Bibliographische Gesellschaft, Berlin, Germany. Mem. Coll. Club, Baltimore. Recreations: Music, sport, hockey, lawn tennis, golf, bicycling, rowing, walking, mountain climbing, horseback riding.

COLLOM, Eugenie Read (Mrs. Spencer Allen Collom), 621 State St., Texarkana, Ark.-Tex.

Born Boston, Texas, Feb. 15, 1874; dau. Rhesa Walker Read, M.D. (surgeon of 29th Texas Cav., C.S.A.), and Elizabeth (Kimbell) Read; ed. Texarkana (Tex.) High School and Sam Houston Normal Inst., Huntsville, Tex.; m. Texarkana, Dec. 23, 1896, Dr. Spencer Allen Collom; children: Linnie Elizabeth, b. 1897; Frances Martha, b. 1899; Allen Read (deceased); S. A. Collom, b. 1904. Presbyterian. Mem. Philathean and Order of Eastern Star; active in church work. Pres. United Mothers' Clubs; cor. sec. Central High School Mothers' Club; registrar Lone Star Chapter D.A.R.; registrar Texarkana Chapter of United Daughters of Confederacy; vice-pres. Wednesday Music Club; mem. Civic League; dist. chairman of Fire Prevention Com. of Texas Fed. Women's Clubs; county chairman of Home and School Com. of Third Dist. of Tex. Fed. Women's Clubs. On maternal side descendant in fourth generation from David McCullough, commander of the Rattlesnake in the American Revolution, and granddaughter of John Kimbell, an early settler and Indian fighter of DeKalb, Tex. On paternal side descendant of George Read, the signer, John Warburton and Robert Higginson of Va., and Dr. Martin Read of N.C.

COLSON, Jessie Lippincott, Elmer, N.J., R.D. No. 3, Box 61.

Farmer; b. Daretown, N.J., April 27, 1866; dau. Edwin C. and Hannah (Robin) Colson; grad. Swarthmore Coll., B.S. '88; Univ. of Pa., biology, '89. Mem. Kappa Kappa Gamma Gamma and Farmers' Exchange. Interested in work of W.C.T.U. and Delaware Valley Naturalist Union. Favors woman suffrage. Mem. Society of Friends.

COLSON, Venila Spaulding Burrington, Grove Hall, 95 Geneva Av., Dorchester, Mass.

Born Massachusetts; grad. Smith Coll., B.L. '94; student of English, French and Latin, Framingham (Mass.) Normal School, 1901-02; scholar College Settlements Ass'n; m. June 18, 1908. Teacher and settlement worker, 1903; sec. Intermunicipal Ass'n for Household Research, Boston, 1905-07; ass't manager Eastern Teachers' Agency, Boston, 1907-08. Mem. Ass'n of Collegiate Alumnae.

COLTON, A. Marguerite, 1635 Connecticut Av., Washington, D.C.

Dau. Francis and Annie Culbertson (Snively) Colton; ed. in private schools in Washington, D.C, and Paris and Convent of Assumption in Nice, France. Pres. Porto Rico Branch of Anti-Tuberculosis League; pres. Porto Rico Branch of Am. Red Cross. Episcopalian. Chatelaine of Government House in Porto Rico, her brother being the Governor (George R. Colton) from Nov., 1909. When in Washington presides over father's house (Francis Colton). Opposed to woman suffrage.

COLTON, Elizabeth Avery, Meredith College, Raleigh, N.C.

Teacher of English; b. Choctaw, Ind. Ter., Dec. 30, 1872; dau. Rev. James Hooper and Eloise (Avery) Colton; ed. Mt. Holyoke Coll., 1891-93 and Columbia Univ. B.S. '03, A.M. '05. Instructor in English, Wellesley Coll., 1905-08; prof, of English, Meredith Coll, 1908. Sec. of Southern Ass'n of Coll. Women (also chairman Com. on Standards of colleges). Author: Changes in English Usage (Modern Language Notes); Standards of Southern Colleges for Women (School Review). Presbyterian. Most notable work has been her classification of Southern Colleges, a task which no one else ever attempted.

COLTON, Elizabeth Sweetser, 23 Park St., Easthampton, Mass.

Orientalist, lecturer; b. Amherst, Mass.; dau. Aaron Merrick and Elizabeth (Gould) Colton; early education in private schools, specializing in music and later preparing for concert stage at Munich and Paris; gave up career as singer and became head of vocal music dep't at Miss Porter's School, Farmington, Conn. Devoted much time to study of languages, of which has studied more than 50 (20 critically). Took complete courses in Arabic, Assyrian and Hebrew in Am. Inst. of Sacred Literature, with supplementary work in classic inscriptions in Assyrian and Arabic under Prof. Saunders of Yale, pursuing farther studies in Radcliffe Coll., 1904-05; Univ. of Berlin, 1905-06, and India, 1906-08, in Arabic, Syriac, Assyrian, Sanscrit, Avestan and Persian. Lectures on Oriental subjects. Congregationalist. Mem. Royal Asiatic Soc, Soc. of Biblical Archaeology (London), Am. Oriental Society.

COLTON, Julia M., Mansion House, Brooklyn. N.Y.

Born N.Y. City; dau. Francis and Sarah B.


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 to be sound, have a scientific basis? Are they, to be genuine, to come only from the Orient? Should they, to be vital and vitalizing, emanate from the hidden sources of mysticism and occultism? Or are they genuine and sound and vital and enduring only when they are articulate in the rapping table or behind the velvet curtains of the medium? If I were to go out seeking enlightenment on the subject, I would find myself in a haberdashery of spiritual fads, or a maze of spiritual profundities, or a Vantine-shop of pseudo-Orientalisms. No, dear Reader, I am not going to suggest to you such a futile, though sometimes amusing, adventure. Let me assume, therefore, that, like myself, you have doffed the uniform of religion and shaken off the fetters of dogma; that you sometimes go into a museum to see your superstitions and your ancestors' exhibited in glass cabinets, or into a lecture hall to hear a professor dissert upon the protoplasm and the chemical basis of life;—that you even go to church now