text:
Module:parameters

local export = {}

local m_str_utils = require("Module:string utilities") local debug_track_module = "Module:debug/track" local families_module = "Module:families" local labels_module = "Module:labels" local languages_module = "Module:languages" local parse_utilities_module = "Module:parse utilities" local references_module = "Module:references" local scripts_module = "Module:scripts" local wikimedia_languages_module = "Module:wikimedia languages"

local require_when_needed = require("Module:utilities/require when needed")

local dump = mw.dumpObject local floor = math.floor local gsplit = mw.text.gsplit local gsub = string.gsub local huge = math.huge local insert = table.insert local list_to_set = require("Module:table").listToSet local list_to_text = mw.text.listToText local match = string.match local max = math.max local pairs = pairs local pattern_escape = m_str_utils.pattern_escape local remove_holes = require_when_needed("Module:parameters/remove holes") local rsplit = m_str_utils.split local scribunto_param_key = m_str_utils.scribunto_param_key local sort = table.sort local trim = mw.text.trim local type = type local yesno = require_when_needed("Module:yesno")

--[==[ intro: This module is used to standardize template argument processing and checking. A typical workflow is as follows (based on Module:translations):

{	...	local parent_args = frame:getParent.args

local params = { [1] = {required = true, type = "language", default = "und"}, [2] = {},		[3] = {list = true}, ["alt"] = {}, ["id"] = {}, ["sc"] = {type = "script"}, ["tr"] = {}, ["ts"] = {}, ["lit"] = {}, }

local args = require("Module:parameters").process(parent_args, params)

-- Do further processing of the parsed arguments in `args`. ... }

The `params` table should have the parameter names as the keys, and a (possibly empty) table of parameter tags as the value. An empty table as the value merely states that the parameter exists, but should not receive any special treatment. Possible parameter tags are listed below:

 * {required = true}
 * The parameter is required; an error is shown if it is not present. The template's page itself is an exception; no

error is shown there.
 * {default =}
 * Specifies a default input value for the parameter, if it is absent or empty. This will be processed as though it were

the input instead, so (for example) {default = "und"} with the type {"language"} will return a language object for Undetermined language if no language code is provided. When used on list parameters, this specifies a default value for the first item in the list only. Note that it is not possible to generate a default that depends on the value of other parameters. If used together with {required = true}, the default applies only to template pages (see the following entry), as a side effect of the fact that "required" parameters aren't actually required on template pages. This can be used to show an example of the template in action when the template page is visited; however, it is preferred to use `template_default` for this purpose, for clarity.
 * {template_default =}
 * Specifies a default input value for absent or empty parameters only on template pages. Template pages are any page in

the template space (beginning with `Template:`) except for documentation pages (those ending in `.../documentation`). This can be used to provide an example value for a non-required parameter when the template page is visited, without interfering with other uses of the template. Both `template_default` and `default` can be specified for the same parameter. If this is done, `template_default` applies on template pages, and `default` on other pages. As an example, cs-IPA uses the equivalent of {[1] = {default = "+", template_default = "příklad"}} to supply a default of {"+"} for mainspace and documentation pages (which tells the module to use the value of the pagename  parameter, falling back to the actual pagename), but {"příklad"} (which means "example"), on Template:cs-IPA.
 * {alias_of =}
 * Treat the parameter as an alias of another. When arguments are specified for this parameter, they will automatically

be renamed and stored under the alias name. This allows for parameters with multiple alternative names, while still treating them as if they had only one name. The conversion-related properties of an aliased parameter (e.g. `type`, `set`, `convert`, `sublist`) are taken from the aliasee, and the corrresponding properties set on the alias itself are ignored; but other properties on the alias are taken from the alias's spec and not from the aliasee's spec. This means, for example, that if you create an alias of a list parameter, the alias must also specify the `list` property or it is not a list. (In such a case, a value specified for the alias goes into the first item of the aliasee's list. You cannot make a list alias of a non-list parameter; this causes an error to be thrown.) Similarly, if you specify `separate_no_index` on an aliasee but not on the alias, uses of the unindexed aliasee parameter are stored into the `.default` key, but uses of the unindexed alias are stored into the first numbered key of the aliasee's list. Aliases cannot be required, as this prevents the other name or names of the parameter from being used. Parameters that are aliases and required at the same time cause an error to be thrown.
 * {allow_empty = true}
 * If the argument is an empty string value, it is not converted to {nil}, but kept as-is.

 * {allow_whitespace = true}
 * Spacing characters such as spaces and newlines at the beginning and end of a positional parameter are not removed.

(MediaWiki itself automatically trims spaces and newlines at the edge of named parameters.)
 * {type =}
 * Specifies what value type to convert the argument into. The default is to leave it as a text string. Alternatives are:
 * {type = "boolean"}
 * The value is treated as a boolean value, either true or false. No value, the empty string, and the strings {"0"},

{"no"}, {"n"} and {"false"} are treated as {false}, all other values are considered {true}.
 * {type = "number"}
 * The value is converted into a number, or {nil} if the value is not parsable as a number.
 * {type = "language"}
 * The value is interpreted as a full or etymology-only language code

language code (or name, if {method = "name"}) and converted into the corresponding object (see Module:languages). If the code or name is invalid, then an error is thrown. The additional setting {family = true} can be given to allow language family codes to be considered valid and the corresponding object returned. Note that to distinguish an etymology-only language object from a full language object, use {object:hasType("language", "etymology-only")}.
 * {type = "full language"}
 * The value is interpreted as a full language code (or name, if {method = "name"}) and converted into the corresponding

object (see Module:languages). If the code or name is invalid, then an error is thrown. Etymology-only languages are not allowed. The additional setting {family = true} can be given to allow language family codes to be considered valid and the corresponding object returned.
 * {type = "wikimedia language"}
 * The value is interpreted as a code and converted into a wikimedia language object. If the code is invalid, then an

error is thrown. If {method = "fallback"} is specified, conventional language codes which are different from their Wikimedia equivalent will also be accepted as a fallback.
 * {type = "family"}
 * The value is interpreted as a language family code (or name, if {method = "name"}) and converted into the

corresponding object (see Module:families). If the code or name is invalid, then an error is thrown.
 * {type = "script"}
 * The value is interpreted as a script code (or name, if {method = "name"}) and converted into the corresponding object

(see Module:scripts). If the code or name is invalid, then an error is thrown.
 * {type = "qualifier"}
 * The value is interpreted as a qualifier and converted into the correct format for passing into `format_qualifiers`

in Module:qualifiers (which currently just means converting it to a one-item list).
 * {type = "labels"}
 * The value is interpreted as a comma-separated list of labels and converted into the correct format for passing into

`show_labels` in Module:labels (which is currently a list of strings). Splitting is done on commas not followed by whitespace, except that commas inside of double angle brackets do not count even if not followed by whitespace. This type should be used by for normal labels (typically specified using l or ll) and accent qualifiers (typically specified using a and aa).
 * {type = "references"}
 * The value is interpreted as one or more references, in the format prescribed by `parse_references` in

Module:references, and converted into a list of objects of the form accepted by `format_references` in the same module. If a syntax error is found in the reference format, an error is thrown.
 * {list =}
 * Treat the parameter as a list of values, each having its own parameter name, rather than a single value. The

parameters will have a number at the end, except optionally for the first (but see also {require_index = true}). For example, {list = true} on a parameter named "head" will include the parameters head (or head1), head2, head3 and so on. If the parameter name is a number, another number doesn't get appended, but the counting simply continues, e.g. for parameter {3} the sequence is 3, 4, 5 etc. List parameters are returned as numbered lists, so for a template that is given the parameters `|head=a|head2=b|head3=c`, the processed value of the parameter {"head"} will be { { "a", "b", "c" }}}.
 * The value for {list =} can also be a string. This tells the module that parameters other than the first should have a

different name, which is useful when the first parameter in a list is a number, but the remainder is named. An example would be for genders: {list = "g"} on a parameter named {1} would have parameters 1, g2, g3 etc.
 * If the number is not located at the end, it can be specified by putting {"\1"} at the number position. For example,

parameters f1accel, f2accel, ... can be captured by using the parameter name {"f\1accel"}, as is done in Module:headword/templates.
 * {set =}
 * Require that the value of the parameter be one of the specified list of values (or omitted, if {required = true} isn't

given). The values in the specified list should be strings corresponding to the raw parameter values except when {type = "number"}, in which case they should be numbers. The use of `set` is disallowed if {type = "boolean"} and  causes an error to be thrown.
 * {sublist =}
 * The value of the parameter is a delimiter-separated list of individual raw values. The resulting field in `args` will

be a Lua list (i.e. a table with numeric indices) of the converted values. If {sublist = true} is given, the values will be split on comma (possibly with whitespace on one or both sides of the comma, which is ignored). Otherwise, the value of `sublist` should be either a Lua pattern specifying the delimiter(s) to split on or a function to do the splitting, which is passed two values (the value to split and a function to signal an error) and should return a list of the split values. A function `split_on_comma_without_whitespace` is provided in Module:parameters to split on commas not followed by whitespace, while considering commas followed by whitespace part of the argument.
 * {convert =}
 * If given, this specifies a function to convert the raw parameter value into the Lua object used during further

processing. The function is passed two arguments, the raw parameter value itself and a function used to signal an error during parsing or conversion, and should return one value, the converted parameter. The error-signaling function contains the name and raw value of the parameter embedded into the message it generates, so these do not need to specified in the message passed into it. If `type` is specified in conjunction with `convert`, the processing by `type` happens first. If `sublist` is given in conjunction with `convert`, the raw parameter value will be split appropriately and `convert` called on each resulting item.
 * {family = true}
 * When used in conjunction with {type = "language"}, allows language family codes to be

returned. To check if a given object refers to a language family, use {object:hasType("family")}.
 * {method = "name"}
 * When used in conjunction with {type = "language"}, {type = "family"} or {type = "script"}, checks for and parses a

language, family or script name instead of a code.
 * {allow_holes = true}
 * This is used in conjunction with list-type parameters. By default, the values are tightly packed in the resulting

list. This means that if, for example, an entry specified `head=a|head3=c` but not head2, the returned list will be { {"a", "c"}}}, with the values stored at the indices {1} and {2}, not {1} and {3}. If it is desirable to keep the numbering intact, for example if the numbers of several list parameters correlate with each other (like those of affix), then this tag should be specified.
 * If {allow_holes = true} is given, there may be {nil} values in between two real values, which makes many of Lua's

table processing functions no longer work, like {#} or {ipairs}. To remedy this, the resulting table will contain an additional named value, `maxindex`, which tells you the highest numeric index that is present in the table. In the example above, the resulting table will now be { { "a", nil, "c", maxindex = 3}}}. That way, you can iterate over the values from {1} to `maxindex`, while skipping {nil} values in between.
 * {disallow_holes = true}
 * This is used in conjunction with list-type parameters. As mentioned above, normally if there is a hole in the source

arguments, e.g. `head=a|head3=c` but not head2, it will be removed in the returned list. If {disallow_holes = true} is specified, however, an error is thrown in such a case. This should be used whenever there are multiple list-type parameters that need to line up (e.g. both head and tr are available and head3 lines up with tr3), unless {allow_holes = true} is given and you are prepared to handle the holes in the returned lists.
 * {require_index = true}
 * This is used in conjunction with list-type parameters. By default, the first parameter can have its index omitted.

For example, a list parameter named `head` can have its first parameter specified as either head or head1. If {require_index = true} is specified, however, only head1 is recognized, and head will be treated as an unknown parameter. affixusex (and variants suffixusex, prefixusex) use this, for example, on all list parameters.
 * {separate_no_index = true}
 * This is used to distinguish between head and head1 as different parameters. For example, in

affixusex, to distinguish between sc (a script code for all elements in the usex's language) and sc1 (the script code of the first element, used when the first element is prefixed with a language code to indicate that it is in a different language). When this is used, the resulting table will contain an additional named value, `default`, which contains the value for the indexless argument. ]==]

local function track(page) require(debug_track_module)("parameters/" .. page) end

-- Some splitting functions -

--[==[ Split an argument on comma, but not comma followed by whitespace. Can be used e.g. as the value of the `sublist` field in the `params` structure. ]==] function export.split_on_comma_without_whitespace(val) if val:find(",%s") or val:find("\\") then return require(parse_utilities_module).split_on_comma(val) else return rsplit(val, ",") end end

-- Value conversion -

-- For a list parameter `name` and corresponding value `list_name` of the `list` field (which should have the same value -- as `name` if `list = true` was given), generate a pattern to match parameters of the list and store the pattern as a -- key in `patterns`, with corresponding value set to `name`. For example, if `list_name` is "tr", the pattern will -- match "tr" as well as "tr1", "tr2", ..., "tr10", "tr11", etc. If the `list_name` contains a \1 in it, the numeric -- portion goes in place of the \1. For example, if `list_name` is "f\1accel", the pattern will match "faccel", -- "f1accel", "f2accel", etc. Any \1 in `name` is removed before storing into `patterns`. local function save_pattern(name, list_name, patterns) name = type(name) == "string" and gsub(name, "\1", "") or name if match(list_name, "\1") then patterns["^" .. gsub(pattern_escape(list_name), "\1", "([1-9]%%d*)") .. "$"] = name else patterns["^" .. pattern_escape(list_name) .. "([1-9]%d*)$"] = name end end

-- Convert a list in `list` to a string, separating the final element from the preceding one(s) by `conjunction`. If -- `dump_vals` is given, pass all values in `list` through mw.dumpObject (WARNING: this destructively modifies -- `list`). This is similar to serialCommaJoin in Module:table when used with the `dontTag = true` option, but -- internally uses mw.text.listToText. local function concat_list(list, conjunction, dump_vals) if dump_vals then for i = 1, #list do			list[i] = dump(list[i]) end end return list_to_text(list, nil, conjunction) end

-- Helper function for use with convert_val_error. Format a list of possible choices using `concat_list` and -- conjunction "or", displaying "either " before the choices if there's more than one. local function format_choice_list(typ) return (#typ > 1 and "either " or "") .. concat_list(typ, " or ") end

-- Signal an error for a value `val` that is not of the right typ `typ` (which is either a string specifying a type or -- a list of possible values, in the case where `set` was used). `name` is the name of the parameter and can be a -- function to signal an error (which is assumed to automatically display the parameter's name and value). `seetext` is -- an optional additional explanatory link to display (e.g. WT:LOL, the list of possible languages and codes). local function convert_val_error(val, name, typ, seetext) if type(name) == "function" then if type(typ) == "table" then typ = "choice, must be " .. format_choice_list(typ) end name(("Invalid %s; the value %s is not valid%s"):format(typ, val, seetext and "; see " .. seetext or "")) else if type(typ) == "table" then typ = "must be " .. format_choice_list(typ) else typ = "should be a valid " .. typ end error(("Parameter %s %s; the value %s is not valid.%s"):format(dump(name), typ, dump(val), seetext and " See " .. seetext .. "." or "")) end end

-- Convert a value that is not a string or number to a string using mw.dumpObject, for debugging purposes. local function dump_if_unusual(val) return (type(val) == "string" or type(val) == "number") and val or dump(val) end

-- A helper function for use with generating error-signaling functions in the presence of raw value conversion. Format a -- message `msg`, including the processed value `processed` if it is different from the raw value `rawval`; otherwise, -- just return `msg`. local function msg_with_processed(msg, rawval, processed) if rawval == processed then return msg else return ("%s (processed value %s)"):format(msg, dump_if_unusual(processed)) end end

-- Generate the appropriate error-signaling function given parameter value `val` and name `name`. If `name` is already -- a function, it is just returned; otherwise a function is generated and returned that displays the passed-in messaeg -- along with the parameter's name and value. local function make_parse_err(val, name) if type(name) == "function" then return name else return function(msg) error(("%s: parameter %s=%s"):format(msg, name, val)) end end end

-- A reimplementation of ipairs for use in a single-variable for-loop (like with gsplit) instead of a two-variable -- for-loop (like with ipairs). If we changed the return statement below to `return index, list[index]`, we'd get -- ipairs directly. local function iterate_over_list(list) local index, len = 0, #list return function index = index + 1 if index <= len then return list[index] end end end

-- A helper function for use with `sublist`. It is an iterator function for use in a for-loop that returns split -- elements of `val` using `sublist` (a Lua split pattern; boolean `true` to split on commas optionally surrounded by -- whitespace; or a function to do the splitting, which is passed two values, the value to split and a function to -- signal an error, and should return a list of the split elements). `name` is the parameter name or error-signaling -- function passed into convert_val. local function split_sublist(val, name, sublist) sublist = sublist == true and "%s*,%s*" or sublist if type(sublist) == "string" then return gsplit(val, sublist) elseif type(sublist) == "function" then local retval = sublist(val, make_parse_err(val, name)) return iterate_over_list(retval) else error(('Internal error: Expected `sublist` to be of type "string" or "function" or boolean `true`, but saw %s'):		format(dump(sublist))) end end

-- For parameter named `name` with value `val` and param spec `param`, if the `set` field is specified, verify that the -- value is one of the one specified in `set`, and throw an error otherwise. `name` is taken directly from the -- corresponding parameter passed into convert_val and may be a function to signal an error. Optional `typ` is a -- string specifying the conversion type of `val` and is used for special-casing: If `typ` is "boolean", an internal -- error is thrown (since `set` cannot be used in conjunction with booleans) and if `typ` is "number", no checking -- happens because in this case `set` contains numbers and is checked inside the number conversion function itself, -- after converting `val` to a number. local function check_set(val, name, param, typ) if typ == "boolean" then error(('Internal error: Cannot use `set` with `type = "%s"`'):format(typ)) end if typ == "number" then -- Needs to be special cased because the check happens after conversion to numbers. return end if not param.set[val] then local list = {} for k in pairs(param.set) do			insert(list, dump(k)) end sort(list) -- If the parameter is not required then put "or empty" at the end of the list, to avoid implying the parameter is actually required. if not param.required then insert(list, "empty") end convert_val_error(val, name, list) end end

local function convert_language(val, name, param, allow_etym) local lang = require(languages_module)[param.method == "name" and "getByCanonicalName" or "getByCode"](val, nil, allow_etym, param.family) if lang then return lang end local list = {"language"} local links = {"WT:LOL"} if allow_etym then insert(list, "etymology language") insert(links, "WT:LOL/E") end if param.family then insert(list, "family") insert(links, "WT:LOF") end convert_val_error(val, name, concat_list(list, " or ") .. " " .. (param.method == "name" and "name" or "code"),		concat_list(links, " and ")) end --[==[ func: export.convert_val(val, name, param) Convert a parameter value according to the associated specs listed in the `params` table passed to Module:parameters. `val` is the value to convert for a parameter whose name is `name` (used only in error messages). `param` is the spec (the value part of the `params` table for the parameter). In place of passing in the parameter name, `name` can be a function that throws an error, displaying the specified message along with the parameter name and value. This function processes all the conversion-related fields in `param`, including `type`, `set`, `sublist`, `convert`, etc. It returns the converted value. ]==] local convert_val = setmetatable({	["boolean"] = function(val)		return yesno(val, true)	end,	["family"] = function(val, name, param)		return require(families_module)[param.method == "name" and "getByCanonicalName" or "getByCode"](val) or			convert_val_error(val, name, "family " .. (param.method == "name" and "name" or "code"), "WT:LOF")	end,	["labels"] = function(val, name, param)		-- FIXME: Should be able to pass in a parse_err function.		return require(labels_module).split_labels_on_comma(val)	end,

["references"] = function(val, name, param) return require(references_module).parse_references(val, make_parse_err(val, name)) end,

["qualifier"] = function(val, name, param) return {val} end,

["language"] = function(val, name, param) return convert_language(val, name, param, true) end, ["full language"] = function(val, name, param) return convert_language(val, name, param, false) end, ["number"] = function(val, name, param) if type(val) == "number" then return val end -- Avoid converting inputs like "nan" or "inf". val = tonumber(val:match("^[+%-]?%d+%.?%d*")) or convert_val_error(val, name, "number") if param.set then -- Don't pass in "number" here; otherwise no checking will happen. check_set(val, name, param) end return val end, ["script"] = function(val, name, param) return require(scripts_module)[param.method == "name" and "getByCanonicalName" or "getByCode"](val) or convert_val_error(val, name, "script " .. (param.method == "name" and "name" or "code"), "WT:LOS") end, ["string"] = function(val, name, param) return val end, ["wikimedia language"] = function(val, name, param) local fallback = param.method == "fallback" local lang = require(wikimedia_languages_module)[fallback and "getByCodeWithFallback" or "getByCode"](val) if lang then return lang end local list = {"wikimedia language"} if fallback then insert(list, "language") end convert_val_error(val, name, concat_list(list, " or ") .. " code") end, }, {	__call = function(self, val, name, param) local typ = param.type or "string" local func, sublist = self[typ], param.sublist if not func then error("Internal error: " .. dump(typ) .. " is not a recognized parameter type.") elseif sublist then local retlist = {} if type(val) ~= "string" then error("Internal error: " .. dump(val) .. " is not a string.") end if param.convert then local thisval, insval local thisindex = 0 local parse_err if type(name) == "function" then -- We assume the passed-in error function in `name` already shows the parameter name and raw value. parse_err = function(msg) name(("%s: item #%s=%s"):format(msg_with_processed(msg, thisval, insval), thisindex, thisval)) end else parse_err = function(msg) error(("%s: item #%s=%s of parameter %s=%s"):format(msg_with_processed(msg, thisval, insval), thisindex, thisval, name, val)) end end for v in split_sublist(val, name, sublist) do					thisval = v					thisindex = thisindex + 1 if param.set then check_set(v, name, param, typ) end insval = func(v, name, param) insert(retlist, param.convert(insval, parse_err)) end else for v in split_sublist(val, name, sublist) do					if param.set then check_set(v, name, param, typ) end insert(retlist, func(v, name, param)) end end return retlist else if param.set then check_set(val, name, param, typ) end local retval = func(val, name, param) if param.convert then local parse_err if type(name) == "function" then -- We assume the passed-in error function in `name` already shows the parameter name and raw value. if retval == val then -- This is an optimization to avoid creating a closure. The second arm works correctly even -- when retval == val. parse_err = name else parse_err = function(msg) name(msg_with_processed(msg, val, retval)) end end else parse_err = function(msg) error(("%s: parameter %s=%s"):format(msg_with_processed(msg, val, retval), name, val)) end end retval = param.convert(retval, parse_err) end return retval end end }) export.convert_val = convert_val -- used by Module:parameter utilities

local function process_error(fmt, ...) local args = {...} for i, val in ipairs(args) do		args[i] = dump(val) end if type(fmt) == "table" then -- hacky signal that we're called from internal_process_error, and not to omit stack frames return error(fmt[1]:format(unpack(args))) else return error(fmt:format(unpack(args)), 3) end end

local function internal_process_error(fmt, ...) fmt = "Internal error in `params` table: " .. fmt process_error({fmt}, ...) end

--[==[ Process arguments with a given list of parameters. Return a table containing the processed arguments. The `args` parameter specifies the arguments to be processed; they are the arguments you might retrieve from {frame:getParent.args} (the template arguments) or in some cases {frame.args} (the invocation arguments). The `params` parameter specifies a list of valid parameters, and consists of a table. If an argument is encountered that is not in the parameter table, an error is thrown.

The structure of the `params` table is as described above in the intro comment.

WARNING: The `params` table is destructively modified to save memory. Nonetheless, different keys can share the same value objects in memory without causing problems.

The `return_unknown` parameter, if set to {true}, prevents the function from triggering an error when it comes across an argument with a name that it doesn't recognise. Instead, the return value is a pair of values: the first is the processed arguments as usual, while the second contains all the unrecognised arguments that were left unprocessed. This allows you to do multi-stage processing, where the entire set of arguments that a template should accept is not known at once. For example, an inflection-table might do some generic processing on some arguments, but then defer processing of the remainder to the function that handles a specific inflectional type. ]==] function export.process(args, params, return_unknown) -- Process parameters for specific properties local args_new = {} local required = {} local seen = {} local patterns = {} local names_with_equal_sign = {} local list_from_index for name, param in pairs(params) do -- Populate required table, and make sure aliases aren't set to required. if param.required then if param.alias_of then internal_process_error(					"Parameter %s is an alias of %s, but is also set as a required parameter. Only %s should be set as required.",					name, param.alias_of, name) end required[name] = true end -- Convert param.set from a list into a set. -- `seen` prevents double-conversion if multiple parameter keys share the same param table. local set = param.set if set and not seen[param] then param.set = list_to_set(set) seen[param] = true end local alias = param.alias_of if alias then -- Check that the alias_of is set to a valid parameter. if not params[alias] then internal_process_error("Parameter %s is an alias of an invalid parameter.", name) end -- Check that all the parameters in params are in the form Scribunto normalizes input argument keys into (e.g. 1 not "1", "foo" not " foo "). Otherwise, this function won't be able to normalize the input arguments in the expected way. local normalized = scribunto_param_key(alias) if alias ~= normalized then internal_process_error(					"Parameter %s (a " .. type(alias) .. ") given in the alias_of field of parameter %s is not a normalized Scribunto parameter. Should be %s (a " .. type(normalized) .. ").",					alias, name, normalized) -- Aliases can't be lists unless the canonical parameter is also a list. elseif param.list and not params[alias].list then internal_process_error(					"The list parameter %s is set as an alias of %s, which is not a list parameter.", name, alias) -- Aliases can't be aliases of other aliases. elseif params[alias].alias_of then internal_process_error(					"Alias_of cannot be set to another alias: parameter %s is set as an alias of %s, which is in turn an alias of %s. Set alias_of for %s to %s.",					name, alias, params[alias].alias_of, name, params[alias].alias_of) end end local normalized = scribunto_param_key(name) if name ~= normalized then internal_process_error(				"Parameter %s (a " .. type(name) .. ") is not a normalized Scribunto parameter. Should be %s (a " .. type(normalized) .. ").",				name, normalized) end if param.list then if not param.alias_of then local key = name if type(name) == "string" then key = gsub(name, "\1", "") end -- _list is used as a temporary flag. args_new[key] = {maxindex = 0, _list = param.list} end if type(param.list) == "string" then -- If the list property is a string, then it represents the name -- to be used as the prefix for list items. This is for use with lists -- where the first item is a numbered parameter and the -- subsequent ones are named, such as 1, pl2, pl3. save_pattern(name, param.list, patterns) elseif type(name) == "number" then if list_from_index then internal_process_error(						"Only one numeric parameter can be a list, unless the list property is a string.") end -- If the name is a number, then all indexed parameters from -- this number onwards go in the list. list_from_index = name else save_pattern(name, name, patterns) end if match(name, "\1") then insert(names_with_equal_sign, name) end end end --Process required changes to `params`. for i = 1, #names_with_equal_sign do		local name = names_with_equal_sign[i] params[gsub(name, "\1", "")] = params[name] params[name] = nil end -- Process the arguments local args_unknown = {} local max_index for name, val in pairs(args) do		local orig_name, raw_type, index, normalized = name, type(name) if raw_type == "number" then if list_from_index ~= nil and name >= list_from_index then index = name - list_from_index + 1 name = list_from_index end else -- Does this argument name match a pattern? for pattern, pname in pairs(patterns) do				index = match(name, pattern) -- It matches, so store the parameter name and the -- numeric index extracted from the argument name. if index then index = tonumber(index) name = pname break end end end local param = params[name] if param and param.require_index then -- Disallow require_index for numeric parameter names, as this doesn't make sense. if raw_type == "number" then internal_process_error("Cannot set require_index for numeric parameter %s.", name) -- If a parameter without the trailing index was found, and -- require_index is set on the param, set the param to nil to treat it -- as if it isn't recognized. elseif not index then param = nil end end -- If the argument is not in the list of parameters, trigger an error. -- return_unknown suppresses the error, and stores it in a separate list instead. if not param then if return_unknown then args_unknown[name] = val else process_error("Parameter %s is not used by this template.", name) end else -- Check that separate_no_index is not being used with a numeric parameter. if param.separate_no_index then if raw_type == "number" then internal_process_error("Cannot set separate_no_index for numeric parameter %s.", name) elseif type(param.alias_of) == "number" then internal_process_error(						"Cannot set separate_no_index for parameter %s, as it is an alias of numeric parameter %s.",						name, param.alias_of) end end -- If no index was found, use 1 as the default index. -- This makes list parameters like g, g2, g3 put g at index 1. -- If `separate_no_index` is set, then use 0 as the default instead. if param.list then index = index or param.separate_no_index and 0 or 1 end -- Normalize to the canonical parameter name. If it's a list, but the alias is not, then determine the index. local raw_name = param.alias_of if param.alias_of then raw_type = type(raw_name) if raw_type == "number" then if params[raw_name].list then index = index or param.separate_no_index and 0 or 1 normalized = raw_name + index - 1 else normalized = raw_name end name = raw_name else name = gsub(raw_name, "\1", "") if params[name].list then index = index or param.separate_no_index and 0 or 1 end if not index or index == 0 then normalized = name elseif name == raw_name then normalized = name .. index else normalized = gsub(raw_name, "\1", index) end end else normalized = orig_name end -- Remove leading and trailing whitespace unless allow_whitespace is true. if not param.allow_whitespace then val = trim(val) end -- Empty string is equivalent to nil unless allow_empty is true. if val == "" and not param.allow_empty then val = nil -- Track empty parameters, unless (1) allow_empty is set or (2) they're numbered parameters where a higher numbered parameter is also in use (e.g. track, but not term). if raw_type == "number" and not max_index then -- Find the highest numbered parameter that's in use/an empty string, as we don't want parameters like 500= to mean we can't track any empty parameters with a lower index than 500. local n = 0 while args[n + 1] do						n = n + 1 end max_index = 0 for n = n, 1, -1 do						if args[n] ~= "" then max_index = n							break end end end if raw_type ~= "number" or name > max_index then -- Disable this for now as it causes slowdowns on large pages like a. -- track("empty parameter") end end -- Can't use "if val" alone, because val may be a boolean false. if val ~= nil then -- Convert to proper type if necessary. val = convert_val(val, orig_name, params[raw_name] or param) -- Mark it as no longer required, as it is present. required[name] = nil -- Store the argument value. if index then -- If the parameter is duplicated, throw an error. if args_new[name][index] ~= nil then process_error(							"Parameter %s has been entered more than once. This is probably because a list parameter has been entered without an index and with index 1 at the same time, or because a parameter alias has been used.",							normalized) end args_new[name][index] = val -- Store the highest index we find. args_new[name].maxindex = max(index, args_new[name].maxindex) if args_new[name][0] ~= nil then args_new[name].default = args_new[name][0] if args_new[name].maxindex == 0 then args_new[name].maxindex = 1 end args_new[name][0] = nil end if params[name].list then -- Don't store index 0, as it's a proxy for the default. if index > 0 then args_new[name][index] = val -- Store the highest index we find. args_new[name].maxindex = max(index, args_new[name].maxindex) end else args_new[name] = val end else -- If the parameter is duplicated, throw an error. if args_new[name] ~= nil then process_error(							"Parameter %s has been entered more than once. This is probably because a parameter alias has been used.",							normalized) end if not param.alias_of then args_new[name] = val else if params[param.alias_of].list then args_new[param.alias_of][1] = val -- Store the highest index we find. args_new[param.alias_of].maxindex = max(1, args_new[param.alias_of].maxindex) else args_new[param.alias_of] = val end end end end end end -- Remove holes in any list parameters if needed. for name, val in pairs(args_new) do		if type(val) == "table" then local listname = val._list if listname then if params[name].disallow_holes then local highest = 0 for num, _ in pairs(val) do						if type(num) == "number" and num > 0 and num < huge and floor(num) == num then highest = max(highest, num) end end for i = 1, highest do						if val[i] == nil then if type(listname) == "string" then listname = dump(listname) elseif type(name) == "number" then i = i + name - 1 -- Absolute index. listname = "numeric" else listname = dump(name) end process_error(								"Item %s in the list of " .. listname .. " parameters cannot be empty, because the list must be contiguous.",								i) end end -- Some code depends on only numeric params being present -- when no holes are allowed (e.g. by checking for the					-- presence of arguments using next), so remove -- `maxindex`. val.maxindex = nil elseif not params[name].allow_holes then args_new[name] = remove_holes(val) end end end end

-- Determine whether this is a template page. For these pages, normally required params aren't required, and the -- `template_default` key supplies the default value only for these pages. Template documentation pages don't count -- because we want template invocations on those pages to behave like mainspace template invocations. local title_obj = mw.title.getCurrentTitle local is_template_page = title_obj.namespace == 10 and not title_obj.text:find("/documentation$")

-- Handle defaults. for name, param in pairs(params) do		local default_val -- If both `template_default` and `default` are given, `template_default` takes precedence, but only on -- template pages. This lets you specify a different default as the template page example. if is_template_page then default_val = param.template_default end if default_val == nil then default_val = param.default end if default_val ~= nil then local arg_new = args_new[name] if type(arg_new) == "table" and arg_new._list then if arg_new[1] == nil then arg_new[1] = convert_val(default_val, name, param) end if arg_new.maxindex == 0 then arg_new.maxindex = 1 end arg_new._list = nil elseif arg_new == nil then args_new[name] = convert_val(default_val, name, param) end end end -- The required table should now be empty. -- If any entry remains, trigger an error, unless we're on a template page. if not is_template_page then local list = {} for name in pairs(required) do			insert(list, dump(name)) end local n = #list if n > 0 then process_error("Parameter" .. ( n == 1 and (" " .. list[1] .. " is") or ("s " .. concat_list(list, " and ", true) .. " are") ) .. " required.") end end -- Remove the temporary _list flag. for _, arg_new in pairs(args_new) do		if type(arg_new) == "table" then arg_new._list = nil end end if return_unknown then return args_new, args_unknown else return args_new end end

return export

title: Module:parameters


text: Module:parameters/documentation

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Module:parameters/documentation


text:
僰文

Noun

 * 1)  Bowen

title: 僰文


text:
dzatsi

Etymology
From, from. Compare 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1) ten

title: dzatsi


text:
შეშაჲ

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) firewood
 * 2) tree

title: შეშაჲ


text:
ჴორცი

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) flesh
 * 2) meat

title: ჴორცი


text:
Citations:paedophilia erotica

 * 1906, Francis Joseph Rebman (translator), (author), Psychopathia Sexualis, with especial reference to the Antipathic Sexual Instinct: A Medico-Forensic Study, New York: Rebman Company, 141 West 36th Street (only authorised English adaptation of the twelfth German edition), part V: “Pathological Sexual Life Before the Criminal Forum” (in contents; on page 498: “Pathological Sexuality in Its Legal Aspects”), chapter vi: ‘Violation of Individuals Under the Age of Fourteen’, §: «Psychopathological Cases», page 555:
 * In addition to the aforesaid categories of moral renegades, and those afflicted with psychico-moral weakness — be this congenital or superinduced by cerebral disease or episodical mental aberration — there are cases in which the sexually needy subject is drawn to children not in consequence of degenerated morality or psychical or physical impotence, but rather by a morbid disposition, a psycho-sexual perversion, which may at present be named pædophilia erotica.⁶ ⁶ Cf. author’s original article in Friedreich’s “Blätter f. ger. Med., 1896, and “Arbeiten,” Heft 4, p. 105.

title: Citations:paedophilia erotica


text:
ჭუმე

Etymology
From or. Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1) tomorrow

title: ჭუმე


text:
ჭუმანი

Etymology
. Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1)  tomorrow
 * 2)  morning, in the morning
 * 1)  morning, in the morning

title: ჭუმანი


text: ოჭუმე

title: ოჭუმე


text:
ჰამ

Etymology
From or. Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) morning

title: ჰამ


text: Category:Laz adverbs

title: Category:Laz adverbs


text:
ჭაბუ

Etymology
From.

The second meaning is akin to 🇨🇬,.

Noun

 * 1) glue
 * 2) European mistletoe

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) glue

title: ჭაბუ


text:
ჩხიკვი

Etymology
From, , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) jay bird

title: ჩხიკვი


text: ჩხიკუ

title: ჩხიკუ


text:
stronghearted

Alternative forms

 * strong-hearted

Etymology
From, , equivalent to. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) Resilient, enduring.
 * 2) Brave, courageous.
 * 1) Brave, courageous.

title: stronghearted


text:
Japanese crucian carp

Noun

 * 1) A species of crucian carp,, found in Japan and as an introduced species in Taiwan.

Translations

 * Japanese:

title: Japanese crucian carp


text: strong-hearted

title: strong-hearted


text:
strongheartedness

Alternative forms

 * strong-heartedness

Etymology
From, equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) Resilience, endurance.
 * 2) Courage, bravery.
 * 1) Courage, bravery.

title: strongheartedness


text:
strong-heartedness

Etymology
From, equivalent to.

title: strong-heartedness


text:
strongheartedly

Alternative forms

 * strong-heartedly

Adverb

 * 1) Bravely, courageously.
 * 2) Resiliently.
 * 1) Resiliently.

title: strongheartedly


text: strong-heartedly

title: strong-heartedly


text: tender-heartedness

title: tender-heartedness


text: tender-heartednesses

title: tender-heartednesses


text: tender-heartedly

title: tender-heartedly


text:
warm-heartedness

Noun

 * 1) The quality of being warm-hearted.

title: warm-heartedness


text:
りんごく

Noun

 * 1)  neighbouring countries

title: りんごく


text:
小五

Noun

 * 1)  The size of type between 五 (5) and 六 (6), standardized as 9 point.
 * 2) fifth year in primary school; fifth grade

title: 小五


text: xiǎowǔ

title: xiǎowǔ


text:
小四

Noun

 * 1)  The size of type between 四 (4) and 五 (5), standardized as 12 point.
 * 2) fourth year in primary school; fourth grade

title: 小四


text:
小六

Noun

 * 1)  size of type between 六 (6) and 七 (7), standardized as 6½ point
 * 2) sixth year in primary school; sixth grade

title: 小六


text: xiǎoliù

title: xiǎoliù


text: weak-hearted

title: weak-hearted


text: weak-heartedness

title: weak-heartedness


text: weak-heartedly

title: weak-heartedly


text: whole-hearted

title: whole-hearted


text: whole-heartedness

title: whole-heartedness


text:
Lordship of Ireland

Proper noun

 * 1) The Irish state under the English Kings/Queens when the King/Queen of England held the ex officio title Lord of Ireland from the time Pope Adrian IV granted the title to King Henry II of England, until the time King Henry VIII left the Roman Catholic Church and elevated his Irish title to King of Ireland and the Irish state's status from a lordship to a kingdom.

Translations

 * Irish: Tiarnas na hÉireann

title: Lordship of Ireland


text:
air admittance vent

Noun

 * 1)  a mechanical sewer vent that allows air to enter into the sewage system but does not allow exhaust of sewer gases, to aid the flow of sewage by providing air behind water, where a standard vent stack to atmosphere is not possible, by drawing in interior air but keeping harmful sewer gases contained.

Synonyms

 * abbreviation

title: air admittance vent


text:
放氣

Verb

 * 1) to release breath
 * 2) to deflate
 * 3) to fart

title: 放氣


text: 放气

title: 放气


text: gakumei

title: gakumei


text:
occhio di mosca

Etymology
See +. Coined as a typographic term by Antonio Farina, who was the first to cut such a size in Italy in 1834.

Noun

 * 1) a fly's eye
 * 2)  pearl a small size of type, standardized as 5 point

title: occhio di mosca


text:
Carassius cuvieri

Hypernyms

 * - order; - family;  - subfamily;  - genus

title: Carassius cuvieri


text:
TQBF

Etymology
From True (or totally) quantified Boolean formula.

Symbol

 * 1)  The decision problem of, given a Boolean function f on n variables, deciding whether the following formula is satisfiable:
 * $$\exists x_1 \forall x_2 \exists x_3 ... Q_n x_n f(x_1, x_2, x_3, ..., x_n)$$
 * Where $$Q_n$$ is $$\forall$$ if n is even and $$\exists$$ if n is odd.

title: TQBF


text:
ushioni

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  An ox ogre or demon; an evil ox spirit.

Translations

 * Marathi: उशीओनी

title: ushioni


text: Category:nrf:Fingers

title: Category:nrf:Fingers


text:
sédanoise

Etymology
From. Its typographic use derives from the residence in Sedan of, who created it for his miniature editions of , , & the in the 1620s, the smallest printed works to his time.

Noun

 * 1)  a small size of type

title: sédanoise


text: Category:it:Printing

title: Category:it:Printing


text: Category:en:Malawi

title: Category:en:Malawi


text: Category:yi:Chess

title: Category:yi:Chess


text: Category:yi:Board games

title: Category:yi:Board games


text: Category:yi:Games

title: Category:yi:Games


text: Category:vi:Milk

title: Category:vi:Milk


text: Category:pl:Astrology

title: Category:pl:Astrology


text: Category:nrf:Mining

title: Category:nrf:Mining


text:
Category:cjs:Geography

ko:분류:지리(쇼르어) ru:Категория:География/cjs tr:Kategori:Coğrafya (Şorca)

title: Category:cjs:Geography


text: Category:vi:Dairy products

title: Category:vi:Dairy products


text: Category:pl:Divination

title: Category:pl:Divination


text: Category:cjs:Earth sciences

title: Category:cjs:Earth sciences


text: Category:Japanese kanji read as ちゃん

title: Category:Japanese kanji read as ちゃん


text:
je suis enceinte

Phrase

 * 1) I'm pregnant

title: je suis enceinte


text:
estoy embarazada

Phrase

 * 1) I'm pregnant

title: estoy embarazada


text:
gentle-hearted

Alternative forms

 * gentlehearted

Adjective

 * 1) Kind and compassionate.
 * 2) Meek and mild.
 * 3)  Refined and cultivated, high-born
 * 1)  Refined and cultivated, high-born
 * 1)  Refined and cultivated, high-born
 * 1)  Refined and cultivated, high-born

title: gentle-hearted


text: gentlehearted

title: gentlehearted


text:
gentle-heartedness

Alternative forms

 * gentleheartedness

Noun

 * 1) Kindness and compassion.
 * 2) Meekness, mildness.
 * 3)  Refinement; high-born graciousness.
 * 1)  Refinement; high-born graciousness.
 * 1)  Refinement; high-born graciousness.

title: gentle-heartedness


text: gentleheartedness

title: gentleheartedness


text:
gentle-heartedly

Alternative forms

 * gentleheartedly

Adverb

 * 1) In a gentle-hearted manner.

title: gentle-heartedly


text: gentleheartedly

title: gentleheartedly


text: Category:Middle English terms derived from Brythonic languages


text:
User talk:Commonwealthlight

wpcleanup/teahouse

title: User talk:Commonwealthlight


text: Category:vi:Anteaters and sloths

title: Category:vi:Anteaters and sloths


text: hollowhearted

title: hollowhearted


text:
hollow-heartedness

Alternative forms

 * hollowheartedness

Noun

 * 1) The state or quality of being hollow-hearted.

title: hollow-heartedness


text: hollowheartedness

title: hollowheartedness


text:
hollow-heartedly

Alternative forms

 * hollowheartedly

Adverb

 * 1) In a hollow-hearted manner.

title: hollow-heartedly


text: hollowheartedly

title: hollowheartedly


text:
chestly

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Of or relating to one's chest, especially in reference to placement, position, or posture.
 * 2) * 1986, Entertainment Law Reporter - Volume 6 - Page 112
 * The Message Bears, which carry chestly greetings such as "Have a Happy Day," appeared in four colors, several of which [...]
 * 1)  swelled up; proud.
 * The Message Bears, which carry chestly greetings such as "Have a Happy Day," appeared in four colors, several of which [...]
 * 1)  swelled up; proud.

title: chestly


text:
Non Plus Ultra

Etymology
, the name given to the type by the Enschedé Foundry in Haarlem, who first cut it. .

Noun

 * 1)  A small size of type, equivalent to 2 point.

title: Non Plus Ultra


text: ешь

title: ешь


text:
ест

Verb

 * , Mark 2.16:
 * "ru"
 * "ru"

- Книжники и фарисеи, увидев, что Он ест с мытарями и грешниками, говорили ученикам Его: как это Он ест и пьет с мытарями и грешниками?

title: ест


text: едим

title: едим


text: едите

title: едите


text: едят

title: едят


text: ешьте

title: ешьте


text:
ела

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1)  fir tree conifer tree of genus

Etymology 2
Compare 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * : come

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) fir tree

Etymology 2
Compare 🇨🇬.

Interjection

 * 1) come

title: ела


text:
生ゆ

Etymology
From. Appears in the  of 759.

Analyzable as ha (probably cognate with, , with a common sense of “sprout”) +.

Also cognate with 🇨🇬 and Classical, modern.

Verb

 * 1)  to grow, sprout

Verb

 * 1) to grow, sprout

title: 生ゆ


text: ело

title: ело


text: Category:Old Japanese verbs

title: Category:Old Japanese verbs


text: ели

title: ели


text: Category:Old Japanese pronouns

title: Category:Old Japanese pronouns


text:
shallow-hearted

Alternative forms

 * shallowhearted

Adjective

 * 1) Frivolous, incapable of deep feeling.

title: shallow-hearted


text:
Talk:痴漢

How do I mention the existence of 痴漢される? Both 痴漢する and 痴漢される exist. ? —umbreon 126 05:47, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

 * Isn't 痴漢される just the normal passive of 痴漢する? ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │ Tala við mig 06:59, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

 * I suppose so (to be sexually assaulted). So 痴漢される doesn't need explicit mentioning? 07:05, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

 * I don't think so; unless there's something idiomatic about a specific される form, I think we just treat it as a conjugation of the underlying する verb. If you want to create an entry specifically for 痴漢される, you're welcome to do so, so long as it's marked as a verb form and directs the user back to the main entry at 痴漢.  ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │ Tala við mig 07:13, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

 * I see. Thanks for clearing things up! —umbreon 126 07:21, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:痴漢


text: shallowhearted

title: shallowhearted


text:
shallow-heartedness

Alternative forms

 * shallowheartedness

Noun

 * 1) The quality of being shallow-hearted.

title: shallow-heartedness


text: shallowheartedness

title: shallowheartedness


text: běnzhí

title: běnzhí


text:
本職

Noun

 * 1) one's job

title: 本職


text: 本职

title: 本职


text:
Kordylewski cloud

Etymology
From, who made the first observations of the phenomenon.

Noun

 * 1) Any of the dust clouds found at the Trojan points, the L4 and L5 Lagrange points, in the Earth-Moon system, and of any other such system

title: Kordylewski cloud


text: агитируете

title: агитируете


text:
restitutive fantasy

Noun

 * 1)  An imaginary reality created by someone to avoid what they cannot handle emotionally.

title: restitutive fantasy


text: агитируют

title: агитируют


text:
aapasse

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to adapt, adjust
 * 2)  to conform, to fit in
 * 3) * 1978, and Christa Maerker, Die Schweizermacher (transcript):
 * "gsw"

- Frölich nützt da gar nüt. Aapasse mues er sich.

title: aapasse


text:
曲奇餅

Etymology
From +, first found in.

Noun

 * 1) cookie

title: 曲奇餅


text: humourism

title: humourism


text: utility programme

title: utility programme


text: application programme

title: application programme


text: computer programme

title: computer programme


text:
พวกคุณ

Etymology
🇰🇲.

Pronoun

 * 1) you; you all; you guys (plural).

title: พวกคุณ


text: programme trading

title: programme trading


text:
öppis

Etymology
From, through assimilation with the labial element in the sequence , from. Compare 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Pronoun

 * 1) something; anything

Declension

 * Nom./Acc.: öppis
 * Dat.:

title: öppis


text: агонизирую

title: агонизирую


text:
ล่ะ

Usage notes

 * Less formal than.

title: ล่ะ


text: Category:Mandarin borrowed terms

title: Category:Mandarin borrowed terms


text: акробатке

title: акробатке


text:
Liibli

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, Austrian 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) vest, undershirt
 * 2) jersey, T-shirt
 * 3) * 1978, and Christa Maerker, Die Schweizermacher (transcript):
 * "gsw"

- Dä det hine det, im blaue Libli, isch-n Türg.

title: Liibli


text:
խնկել

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to incense to burn incense
 * 2)  to diffuse, to disperse, to spread
 * 3)  to praise, to compliment, to flatter
 * 4)  to worship
 * 5)  to aromatize, to perfume
 * 6)  to glorify, to exalt, to laud
 * 7)  to bless
 * 8)  to endow, to gift

title: խնկել


text:
потушить

Verb

 * 1) to extinguish, to smother
 * 2)  to turn off source of light

Verb

 * 1)  to braise, to stew

title: потушить


text: 曲奇饼

title: 曲奇饼


text:
Liib

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) body
 * 2) womb, uterus (of horses, cows)

title: Liib


text: 𨳒你

title: 𨳒你


text:
пожароопасный

Adjective

 * 1)  fire hazard; (fire) hazardous hazardous due to the risk of fire

title: пожароопасный


text:
свирепствовать

Verb

 * 1)  to rage

title: свирепствовать


text:
Droogehändler

Noun

 * 1) drug dealer
 * 2) * 1978, and Christa Maerker, Die Schweizermacher (transcript):
 * "gsw"

- Überlegid emal, Fischer! Türgei! Östlichs Mittelmeer! Grad letscht Wuche hämmer wider zwai Drogehändler gschnappt.

title: Droogehändler


text: arsecunt

title: arsecunt


text:
federation furniture

Etymology
From the era of Australian Federation in 1901.

Noun

 * 1)  a style of wooden furniture from the early 1900s.

title: federation furniture


text:
müese

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  must, should

title: müese


text:
Müesli

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) muesli

Descendants
''Some terms may be via Standard. Note that German ü sometimes gets written as ue due to technical limitations.''

Pronunciation

 * (Non-Swiss Standard German)
 * (Swiss German)

title: Müesli


text: deceiptfully

title: deceiptfully


text:
Mues

Etymology
From, from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) mush, paste, pulp

title: Mues


text:
bakteriofāgs

Noun

 * 1) bacteriophage

title: bakteriofāgs


text: Category:lv:Microbiology

title: Category:lv:Microbiology


text: армянку

title: армянку


text: аметисты

title: аметисты


text:
палықтарға

Verb

 * 1) to fish (to try to catch fish)

title: палықтарға


text: deceiptful

title: deceiptful


text: deceiptfull

title: deceiptfull


text: аксиомах

title: аксиомах


text:
ライム

Etymology 1
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) lime

Etymology 2
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  rhyming; rhyme

title: ライム


text:
centromēra

Noun

 * 1) centromere

title: centromēra


text:
audzējs

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  tumor an abnormal tissue growth in a human or animal

title: audzējs


text:
لامبو

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) swimming

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to shower
 * 2) to bathe

title: لامبو


text:
alēle

Etymology
Originally a shortened form (cf. 🇨🇬, from ), ultimately from the prefix άλληλ-, from.

Noun

 * 1)  allele one of several forms of a gene, occurring in the same position within a chromosome

title: alēle


text:
لامبل

Verb

 * 1)  to swim; to bathe

title: لامبل


text: complacientes

title: complacientes


text: curiches

title: curiches


text: percanes

title: percanes


text: hilachas

title: hilachas


text:
champas

Noun

 * 1) The native peat of Peru.

title: champas


text:
adenīns

Etymology
Ultimately borrowed from, itself coined on the basis of 🇨🇬.

title: adenīns


text: פארגעסן

title: פארגעסן


text: говором

title: говором


text:
اورلوبه

Etymology
From and.

Noun

 * 1) firework

title: اورلوبه


text:
لوبه

Noun

 * 1) game

title: لوبه


text:
差分

Noun

 * 1) difference
 * 2) increment

Adjective

 * 1)  differentiated; differential

Noun

 * 1)  difference
 * 2)  difference (between data)

title: 差分


text:
蹦床

Noun

 * 1) trampoline
 * 2) trampolining

title: 蹦床


text:
unghiello

Noun

 * 1) small nail or claw
 * 2) spur (on the leg of an animal)

title: unghiello


text:
manodanda

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  complete control over one's thoughts
 * 2)  mental deeds
 * 3)  mental punishments in the Indosphere, such as being cursed

title: manodanda


text:
unghiuto

Etymology
From.

title: unghiuto


text:
kayadanda

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  complete control over one's bodys
 * 2)  bodily actions
 * 3)  corporal punishments in the Indosphere

title: kayadanda


text:
келескин

Noun
, келескиннер (keleskinner)

 * 1) lizard

title: келескин


text:
ungimento

Etymology
From.

title: ungimento


text:
ungitore

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) lubricating
 * 2) annointing

title: ungitore


text: unguanno

title: unguanno


text:
unguentaio

Etymology
.

title: unguentaio


text:
метьказ

Noun

 * 1) lizard

title: метьказ


text: гонке

title: гонке


text:
Template:R:lt:Robinson 1983

David F. Robinson (1983) 'On Loan Words between Baltic and Slavic' in American Contributions to the Ninth International Congress of Slavists, Kiev, September 1983, volume I. Linguistics. Ed. M. S. Flier. Columbus, Ohio

title: Template:R:lt:Robinson 1983


text:
exodos

Etymology
Borrowed from. .

Noun

 * 1)  A final scene or departure in a play, especially a tragedy.
 * 2) * 1994, Carlo Ferdinando Russo (author and translator), Aristophanes: An Author for the Stage, [1962, Aristofane autore di teatro], page 173,
 * The exodos requires three actors, one for the Athenian (thirty iambic trimeters), one for his companion (five iambic trimeters) and one for the Spartan Singer (three iambic trimeters and around forty lyrical lines).

Etymology
..

title: exodos


text: Category:Chinese dvandva compounds

title: Category:Chinese dvandva compounds


text:
Template:R:VanWindekens

Albert J. van Windekens (1979) ''Le tokharien confronté avec les autres langues indoeuropéennes. Vol. I. La phonétique et le vocabulaire''. Louvain

title: Template:R:VanWindekens


text: землей

title: землей


text:
гүрвлһ

Etymology
From, , compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun
, гүрвлһчүд (gürvlhçüd)

 * 1) lizard

title: гүрвлһ


text: Category:English bahuvrihi compounds

title: Category:English bahuvrihi compounds


text: Category:Bahuvrihi compounds by language


text: Category:Dutch bahuvrihi compounds

title: Category:Dutch bahuvrihi compounds


text:
olověný

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  lead

title: olověný


text: Category:Finnish bahuvrihi compounds

title: Category:Finnish bahuvrihi compounds


text:
gulti

Etymology
.

Proper noun

 * 1)  a Telugu

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬. Related to (see there for more cognates). Derksen connects this etymon with dialectal, , which means the -u- must go back to *-u̯-. The root may therefore be.

In view of this reconstruction, we may have to reject connections with 🇨🇬 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, which assume a zero-grade *gʷl̥-.

An alternative view is that of Robinson, who, in view of ("weaken, cease", also "lay down"), suggests a connection by metathesis with 🇨🇬, from. Compare : 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  lie, lie down assume a lying position to rest
 * 2)  fall ill, sick
 * 3)  wilt, droop
 * 4)  settle, rest
 *  gùla . - dust settles on the table.
 * 1)  infest, infect

Derived terms

title: gulti


text:
kriteria

Etymology
From, plural of , from , from.

Noun

 * , : standard for comparison and appreciation

title: kriteria


text: kriteriene

title: kriteriene


text: землею

title: землею


text:
წოდება

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) title, rank, name, official position

title: წოდება


text:
წოდებაჲ

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) title, rank

title: წოდებაჲ


text: словам

title: словам


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Georgian-Zan/ḳad-

Root

 * 1) to partition, divide; to erect, build

Descendants

 * Zan:

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Georgian-Zan/ḳad-


text:
კჷდალა

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) wall

title: კჷდალა


text:
ოკოდუ

Noun

 * 1) building, to build, to construct, construction
 * 1) building, to build, to construct, construction

title: ოკოდუ


text:
سنبالو

Etymology
From, a variant of.

Noun

 * 1)  monkey

title: سنبالو


text:
سمور

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) sable, marten

Etymology
, from.

Noun

 * 1) sable, any carnivorous mammal of the species  and its pelt or fur

Etymology
From ; see there for further information.

Noun

 * 1) sable

authors: عبد الجليل 09

title: سمور


text: земле

title: земле


text:
酒店業

Noun

 * 1) the hotel industry

title: 酒店業


text: 酒店业

title: 酒店业


text:
modenhet

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) maturity

title: modenhet


text:
מויל

Etymology
From, from , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) mouth

title: מויל


text:
нанарға

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to return (to come or go back)

title: нанарға


text: modenheten

title: modenheten


text: modenheta

title: modenheta


text:
Morrígan

Etymology
From. Some posit an (otherwise unattested) Old Irish mor cognate with 🇨🇬 as in nightmare, with the compound meaning "phantom queen".

Proper noun

 * 1)  The Mórrígan

title: Morrígan


text:
пӧрӱ

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) wolf

title: пӧрӱ


text:
верьгиз

Etymology
From, cognate with 🇨🇬. The Mordvinic word was likely borrowed from an Indo-Iranian source, compare 🇨🇬 (from 🇨🇬).

Noun

 * 1) wolf

title: верьгиз


text:
обеденный

Adjective

 * 1)  lunch/dinner referring to the main meal of the day, which is eaten from about 1 or 2 p.m. to 3 p.m.

title: обеденный


text: обеда

title: обеда


text:
đinh ba

Etymology
, with 🇨🇬 "eggcornized" by.

Noun

 * 1)  the, the weapon of the magical pig man  in
 * 2)  a trident

title: đinh ba


text:
esperiment

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) experience (event that one is involved in)

Noun

 * 1) experiment

title: esperiment


text:
พิพิธภัณฑ์

Etymology
From 🇰🇲; shortened from.

Noun

 * 1) museum.

title: พิพิธภัณฑ์


text:
พิพิธภัณฑสถาน

Etymology
From 🇰🇲; literally "place of various items".

Noun

 * 1) museum.

title: พิพิธภัณฑสถาน


text: деепричастию

title: деепричастию


text:
dromedaire

Etymology
. More at English.

Noun

 * 1) dromedary (camel)

title: dromedaire


text:
furmicaleun

Noun

 * 1) antlion

title: furmicaleun


text:
pulture

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  The claim to food for men, horses, and dogs within the bounds of a forest, etc.

Noun

 * 1) food (sustenance)

title: pulture


text: Category:myv:Reptiles

title: Category:myv:Reptiles


text: Category:myv:Vertebrates

title: Category:myv:Vertebrates


text: Category:myv:Animals

title: Category:myv:Animals


text: Category:myv:Lifeforms

title: Category:myv:Lifeforms


text: Category:cjs:Reptiles

title: Category:cjs:Reptiles


text:
ჯაჭვური რეაქცია

Noun

 * 1) chain reaction

title: ჯაჭვური რეაქცია


text: oppnås

title: oppnås


text:
промежуточный

Adjective

 * 1) intermediate

title: промежуточный


text:
მიჯაჭვული

Adjective

 * 1) chained onto something

title: მიჯაჭვული


text:
Talk:thelarche

Two definitions
Though the etymology would favor the first definition as an event (a point in time), unsurprisingly medical usage also uses the process or time period definition. DCDuring TALK 12:13, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:thelarche


text:
underappreciation

Noun

 * 1) insufficient appreciation

title: underappreciation


text:
beautiful music

Noun

 * 1) A mostly instrumental middle-of-the-road music format, prominent on American radio from the 1960s to the 1980s.

title: beautiful music


text:
ementáli

Noun

 * 1)  Swiss cheese with many holes

title: ementáli


text:
playstreet

Noun

 * 1) A scheme by which a road is temporarily closed to allow local children to play there, e.g. in neighbourhoods where playground facilities are not available.

title: playstreet


text: playstreets

title: playstreets


text: unasses

title: unasses


text: unassing

title: unassing


text: unassed

title: unassed


text:
უბედური შემთხვევა

Noun

 * 1) accident, especially a fatal one

title: უბედური შემთხვევა


text:
pignistic

Etymology
Coined by Philippe Smets from.

Adjective

 * 1)  Being or relating to a probability that a rational person will assign to an option when required to make a decision.

title: pignistic


text: impressures

title: impressures


text:
thiên hà

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) galaxy

title: thiên hà


text: вижу

title: вижу


text: видишь

title: видишь


text: видит

title: видит


text:
Ngân

Etymology
.

title: Ngân


text:
Hà

Etymology
.

title: Hà


text:
shot sample

Noun

 * 1)  A sample taken for assay from a molten metallic mass by pouring a portion into water to granulate it.

title: shot sample


text: shot samples

title: shot samples


text:
Ân

Etymology 1
.

Etymology 2
.

Proper noun

 * 1) the
 * 2)  the State of Yin
 * 1)  the State of Yin

title: Ân


text: взял

title: взял


text: sciascope

title: sciascope


text: sciascopy

title: sciascopy


text: sciascopes

title: sciascopes


text: взяла

title: взяла


text:
luxurius

Adjective

 * 1) lustful (characterized by lust)

title: luxurius


text: взяло

title: взяло


text: взяли

title: взяли


text:
Skoptsy

Noun

 * 1)  An underground religious movement in Russia, known for practising castration and mastectomy in accordance with their teachings. The movement was active to the mid 20th century.
 * 2) The members of this movement. Singular form is Skopets

title: Skoptsy


text:
Ấn

Etymology
.

Proper noun

 * 1)  Indo-; India
 * 1)  Indo-; India

title: Ấn


text:
Sobranje

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) The parliament of Macedonia or (formerly) of Bulgaria.

title: Sobranje


text: Category:vi:Poland

title: Category:vi:Poland


text:
soft steel

Noun

 * 1) Steel low in carbon; mild steel; ingot iron.

title: soft steel


text:
solid-drawn

Adjective

 * 1) Drawn out from a heated solid bar, as by a process of spiral rolling which first hollows the bar and then expands the cavity by forcing the bar over a pointed mandrel fixed in front of the rolls; said of a weldless tube.

title: solid-drawn


text:
weldless

Adjective

 * 1)  Made or done without welding.

title: weldless


text:
одн

Etymology
From, compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) star

title: одн


text:
Lân

Etymology
.

title: Lân


text:
signefiement

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) signification; meaning

title: signefiement


text:
Stundist

Etymology
From, probably from , from their meetings for Bible reading.

Noun

 * 1)  A member of a large sect of Russian radical Protestant dissenters founded near Odessa around 1860, who adhere to a literal reading of the Bible and reject priestly dominion and all external rites of worship, influenced by German Protestant settlers.

title: Stundist


text:
Lê

Etymology 1
.

Etymology 2
.

title: Lê


text:
Stundism

Noun

 * 1)  The beliefs and practices of the Stundists.

title: Stundism


text: Stundists

title: Stundists


text:
superdreadnought

Noun

 * 1) A battleship of a class more powerful than the earlier dreadnoughts.

title: superdreadnought


text:
Lệ

Etymology
.

title: Lệ


text: superdreadnoughts

title: superdreadnoughts


text: ვახო

title: ვახო


text:
swagsman

Etymology
From.

title: swagsman


text: swagsmen

title: swagsmen


text: syndactyl

title: syndactyl


text: syndactyls

title: syndactyls


text:
ვახტანგი

Etymology
From ; see there for more.

title: ვახტანგი


text:
syntonically

Adverb

 * 1) In syntonic fashion.

title: syntonically


text: syntonical

title: syntonical


text: Category:vi:Brazil

title: Category:vi:Brazil


text:
法律學

Noun

 * 1) jurisprudence

title: 法律學


text:
სერგო

Etymology
Ultimately from.

title: სერგო


text:
法理學

Noun

 * 1) jurisprudence

title: 法理學


text: harmonien

title: harmonien


text: 法律学

title: 法律学


text: 法理学

title: 法理学


text:
სერგი

Etymology
From, probably via Russian because of the form.

title: სერგი


text: footcandles

title: footcandles


text: Uwaine

title: Uwaine


text:
法理

Noun

 * 1) approaches and principles
 * 2) legal principles; jurisprudence
 * 3) Buddhist doctrines
 * 1) Buddhist doctrines

title: 法理


text:
Ziil

Etymology
From, from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) goal, target, destination
 * 2) * 1978, and Christa Maerker, Die Schweizermacher (transcript):
 * "gsw"

- Sis Ziil isch än eigeti Praxis z'eröffne.

title: Ziil


text:
canelé

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) Small french  pastry (from Bordeaux) with a soft center and a golden crust, made with rum-flavoured crepe batter, cooked in small molds.

Translations

 * Japanese:

Noun

 * 1)  type of pastry made with pancake batter

title: canelé


text: canelés

title: canelés


text: chamisal

title: chamisal


text:
peched

Adjective

 * 1)  Tired, out of breath, worn out.

title: peched


text:
chatter mark

Noun

 * 1)  One of the fine undulations or ripples formed on the surface of work by a cutting tool which chatters.
 * 2)  A short crack on a rock surface planed smooth by a glacier.

title: chatter mark


text: chatter marks

title: chatter marks


text:
Chippendale

Etymology
. The surname itself is an assimilated (alveolarized) variant of the placename Chippingdale, from Chipping, from, meaning "market" +.

Proper noun

 * 1)  A style of furniture designed by, or resembling that of, Thomas Chippendale, generally of simple but graceful outline with delicately carved rococo ornamentation, sculptured either in the solid wood or, in the cheaper specimens, separately and glued on.
 * 2)  A style of rococo bookplate.

title: Chippendale


text:
Chippendalism

Noun

 * 1) An ornamental style resembling that of Chippendale furniture.

title: Chippendalism


text: 產能

title: 產能


text: 产能

title: 产能


text: chuprassie

title: chuprassie


text: chuprassy

title: chuprassy


text: chaprassy

title: chaprassy


text: chuprassies

title: chuprassies


text:
Thread:User talk:Internoob/Dan Polansky is trying to have me banned or blocked.

Hello. Dan Polansky is trying to have me banned or blocked from the site. Is there anywhere I have recourse to against him on the site or no? He keeps posting on my talk page accusing me of things.


text:
clash gear

Noun

 * 1) A change-speed gear in which the gears are changed by sliding endwise.

title: clash gear


text: clash gears

title: clash gears


text:
Clydesdale terrier

Noun

 * 1) One of a breed of small silky-haired terriers related to, but smaller than, the Skye terrier, having smaller and perfectly erect ears.

Translations

 * Finnish: clydesdalenterrieri

title: Clydesdale terrier


text: Clydesdale terriers

title: Clydesdale terriers


text: lightning arresters

title: lightning arresters


text:
Concord buggy

Etymology
From Concord, New Hampshire, where first made.

Noun

 * 1)  A kind of buggy having a body with low sides, and side springs.

title: Concord buggy


text: Concord buggies

title: Concord buggies


text:
compressed yeast

Noun

 * 1) A cake yeast made by filtering the cells from the liquid in which they are grown, subjecting to heavy pressure, and mixing with starch or flour.

title: compressed yeast


text:
putuskaq

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) pillow, cushion

title: putuskaq


text:
wiiss

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) white
 * 2) * 1978, and Christa Maerker, Die Schweizermacher (transcript):
 * "gsw"

- Helmut, gisch du bitte di wiise Serviette?

title: wiiss


text:
посаженный

Adjective

 * 1) planted, seated

title: посаженный


text:
Talk:masturbation

This sentence I wrote,  I recommend masturbation as a substitute to prevent you from wanting to have sex with women you are not married to, was not a joke. I actually think that gives a better idea of what masturbation means than the other sample sentence, #: I recommend avoiding any masturbation before the match. First of all, that does not even make sense, what does masturbation have to do with a sporting event, masturbation as an alternative to engaging in sexual intercourse does make sense, in fact, I believe some Muslim theologians have stated it is justified if it prevents a person from wanting to engage in adultery, so although some of my sample sentences were stupid, I do not think this one was. Second of all, that sentence is not really giving a hint as to what masturbation means, I could also say, "I recommend against cola consumption before the match." There's nothing specific about masturbation that has to do with tennis matches, there is something specific about masturbation that makes it a substitute for sexual intercourse. --PaulBustion88 (talk) 14:12, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

 * "Match" can mean "marriage". Both sentences were bad because we shouldn't make judgements in them. Equinox ◑ 14:13, 3 May 2015 (UTC)
 * Ok, I agree now. I took the other sentence out to. --PaulBustion88 (talk) 14:23, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:masturbation


text:
corah

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Adjective

 * 1)  plain, undyed

Noun

 * 1) A plain, undyed Indian silk.

title: corah


text:
cordy

Adjective

 * Of, or like, cord; having cords or cord-like parts.

title: cordy


text: corrobboree

title: corrobboree


text: corrobborees

title: corrobborees


text:
Cracker State

Etymology
See.

Proper noun

 * 1)  Georgia, United States

title: Cracker State


text:
Crofton system

Etymology
Named after Sir Walter Crofton, Irish penologist.

Proper noun

 * 1)  A system of prison discipline involving periods of confinement to one's cell, associated imprisonment under the mark system, restraint intermediate between imprisonment and freedom, and liberation on ticket of leave.

title: Crofton system


text:
crotch chain

Noun

 * 1) A form of tackle for loading a log sideways on a sled, skidway, etc.

title: crotch chain


text: crotch chains

title: crotch chains


text:
caarralaq

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) sugar

title: caarralaq


text: Croydons

title: Croydons


text:
ココナッツ

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) coconut fruit of coco palm

title: ココナッツ


text: peker

title: peker


text: curials

title: curials


text:
Talk:calculated

People have been using "calculated" in a non-standard way lately. For instance, Floyd Mayweather calls himself a "calculated fighter" (and one can find many other instances of this usage online in discussions of sports and video games). Why not "calculating fighter"? That would be the standard usage. "Calculated fighter" uses the verb calculating in the passive past participle as an adjective, so while it is meant to indicate that one is crafty and strategic, it inadvertently denotes that one is the grammatical object of "to calculate" rather than the subject. For instance, when one says, "I took a calculated risk" the risk has been calculated. When one says "I'm a calculated fighter," though, the fighter has not been calculated, but supposedly does the calculating. So my question is, has this usage become common enough (to the point where not many people seem to be thrown by Mayweather's phrase) that it deserves inclusion within the definition of calculated?
 * If it's in been use long enough, and not just by a few individuals, we definitely should include it (see our Criteria for inclusion for details). The only question is whether to label it nonstandard. I think most people would still consider it to be incorrect, so I would say yes. It would be nice for everything to make sense, but language doesn't have to: there are plenty of cases where the nonstandard has become the norm, and even cases where usage that was condemned by grammarians at one time is now considered the only proper way to say something. Chuck Entz (talk) 15:43, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:calculated


text:
Ywain

Proper noun

 * 1) A knight of the Round Table and the son of King Urien in Arthurian legend.

title: Ywain


text: pekes

title: pekes


text:
Crookes space

Etymology
After Sir William Crookes, English chemist, who first described it.

Noun

 * 1)  The dark space within the negative-pole glow at the cathode of a vacuum tube, observed only when the pressure is low enough to give a striated discharge.

title: Crookes space


text: Crookes layer

title: Crookes layer


text: pekte

title: pekte


text: pekt

title: pekt


text:
court circular

Noun

 * 1)  An official record that lists the engagements carried out by the monarch and Royal Family of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms, and appointments to their staff and to the court.

title: court circular


text: court circulars

title: court circulars


text: pekende

title: pekende


text:
court guide

Noun

 * 1)  A directory of the names and addresses of the nobility and gentry in a town.

title: court guide


text:
crackaloo

Noun

 * 1) A gambling game in which players throw coins at the ceiling of a room, aiming to have them fall as near as possible to a certain crack in the floor.

title: crackaloo


text:
kass'aq

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) white person
 * 2)  priest

title: kass'aq


text: crack-loo

title: crack-loo


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Dan Polansky's block

To be fair to Dan Polansky, I have been disruptive on English wikipedia and have trolled there. I'm not doing that here, but I understand why he is concerned. I do not think blocking him is justified. I do not agree with him that I should be blocked, but I can see why he was concerned, and although he had an agenda with his posts, I think that he had legitimate concerns. I have taken down some of the funny sentences I inserted into to show him that I'm not going to be trolling anymore. But I just wanted to give my viewpoint that he should be unblocked, although I felt kind of harassed by his questions, he had legitimate reasons for asking them.


text:
bacterioscopist

Noun

 * 1) One who carries out bacterioscopy.

title: bacterioscopist


text: bacterioscopists

title: bacterioscopists


text:
bacterioscopically

Adverb

 * 1) By means of bacterioscopy.

title: bacterioscopically


text:
ausubo

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) balata tree

title: ausubo


text: ausubos

title: ausubos


text:
ballotage

Noun

 * 1) In France, a second ballot taken after an indecisive first ballot to decide between two or several candidates; a runoff election.

title: ballotage


text: ballotages

title: ballotages


text:
bank discount

Noun

 * 1) A sum equal to the interest at a given rate on the principal (face) of a bill or note from the time of discounting until it becomes due.

title: bank discount


text:
Talk:balata

The old Webster 1913 dictionary suggests that this can refer to two different trees (the taxonomic names are probably out of date): "1. A West Indian sapotaceous tree (Bumelia retusa). 2. The bully tree (Minusops globosa); also, its milky juice (balata gum), which when dried constitutes an elastic gum called chicle, or chicle gum." Equinox ◑ 15:01, 3 May 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:balata


text:
barrel process

Proper noun

 * 1)  A process of extracting gold or silver by treating the ore in a revolving barrel or drum, with mercury, chlorine, cyanide solution, or other reagent.

title: barrel process


text:
basic process

Proper noun

 * 1)  A Bessemer process or open-hearth steel-making process in which a lining that is basic, or not siliceous, is used, and additions of basic material are made to the molten charge during treatment.

title: basic process


text:
Basuto

Noun

 * 1) A member of the  people.

title: Basuto


text: Basutos

title: Basutos


text:
unguicolato

Adjective

 * 1) unguiculate

title: unguicolato


text: მაია

title: მაია


text: მაიკო

title: მაიკო


text: ქეთი

title: ქეთი


text: bunkoed

title: bunkoed


text: bunkos

title: bunkos


text: bunkoing

title: bunkoing


text:
ქეთევანი

Etymology
From, , from. Folk-etymologically considered the Georgian form of.

title: ქეთევანი


text:
uniasse

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) uniaxial

title: uniasse


text:
bumblepuppy

Etymology

 * compare.

Noun

 * 1) The old game of nineholes.
 * 2)  Whist played in an unscientific way.

title: bumblepuppy


text:
pekefinger

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  forefinger or index finger

title: pekefinger


text:
Alussistuaq

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) Christmas

title: Alussistuaq


text: Bull Mooser

title: Bull Mooser


text:
unicamerismo

Etymology
From.

title: unicamerismo


text:
unicellulato

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  unicellular

title: unicellulato


text:
ქეთინო

Proper noun

 * , an alternative form of

title: ქეთინო


text:
Bucephalus

Etymology
, from, from.

Proper noun

 * 1)  The warhorse of.

Translations

 * Danish: Bukephalos
 * Finnish: Bukefalos
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: Βουκεφᾰ́λᾱς
 * Hungarian: Bukephalosz
 * Latin: Būcephalus
 * Macedonian: Бу́кефал
 * Marathi: बुसेफालस, बौकेफालोस
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese: Bucéfalo

Noun

 * 1)  Any horse used for riding.
 * 2)  That which is the greatest of its kind.
 * 1)  That which is the greatest of its kind.

title: Bucephalus


text: Bucephaluses

title: Bucephaluses


text: pekefingeren

title: pekefingeren


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Dan Polansky's block/reply

He's been doing this for a long time now, not just with you. You said "And that you are trying to get me to talk to use my words against me, like a police officer does.", he does that with other people as well, including me. But what grinds me even more is that he's openly calling for you to be blocked, on your own talk page which is meant to be for messages directed to you, but directed towards others instead (he refers to you in third person). That counts as harassment to me. It's completely unconstructive and doesn't help except to intimidate and demean you. I think if he really did want you blocked, he should have posted that message in a more appropriate place like the Beer Parlour.

So this doesn't have anything to do with whether he's right about your editing (he kind of is). It's about how he acts. I find his behaviour aggressive, discouraging and unconstructive.


text:
bromoiodized

Adjective

 * 1)  Treated with bromides and iodides.

title: bromoiodized


text:
Selavi

Etymology
From, plural of.

Noun

 * 1) Russian Orthodox Christmas, Slavi

title: Selavi


text: pekefingre

title: pekefingre


text:
bromoiodism

Noun

 * 1) poisoning induced by large doses of bromine and iodine or of their compounds

title: bromoiodism


text:
bromanil

Etymology
From and.

Noun

 * 1) A substance analogous to chloranil but containing bromine in place of chlorine.

title: bromanil


text:
uniconcettuale

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) uni-conceptual

title: uniconcettuale


text: pekefingrer

title: pekefingrer


text:
ნათია

Etymology
First attested at least in XV century. See for more.

title: ნათია


text: Category:esu:Christmas

title: Category:esu:Christmas


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Dan Polansky's block/reply (2)

So are you saying you agree with him that I should be blocked?


text:
ვაჟა

Etymology
From. According to Chumburidze, popularized by a noted late 19th-century Georgian writer.

title: ვაჟა


text: Category:esu:Holidays

title: Category:esu:Holidays


text:
unicorde

Etymology
From.

title: unicorde


text:
box kite

Noun

 * 1) A kite consisting of two light rectangular boxes, or cells open on two sides, and fastened together horizontally.

title: box kite


text:
Hargrave kite

Etymology
From the inventor's surname.

Noun

 * 1) box kite

title: Hargrave kite


text: box kites

title: box kites


text: Hargrave kites

title: Hargrave kites


text:
cellular kite

Noun

 * 1) box kite

title: cellular kite


text: cellular kites

title: cellular kites


text: pekefingrene

title: pekefingrene


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Dan Polansky's block/reply (3)

No, not at all. What I agree with is maybe that some of your edits, like those usage examples, are a bit over the top. But you recognise that too already, calling for a block is way too much. I'm not going to call you a troll either, hopefully I can be more constructive than that.


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Dan Polansky's block/reply (4)

Well, I definitely trolled sometimes on English wikipedia, but I have not done that here at all. So I can see why Polansky would think I'm doing that here, even though I'm not.


text:
თორნიკე

Etymology
From, from.

title: თორნიკე


text:
Bower-Barff process

Etymology
From the surnames of the two men who developed the process.

Proper noun

 * 1)  A method of coating iron or steel with magnetic iron oxide in order to minimize atmospheric corrosion. The articles to be treated are put into a closed retort and a current of superheated steam passed through for a period, followed by a current of producer gas (carbon monoxide), to reduce any higher oxides that may have been formed.

title: Bower-Barff process


text:
unifilare

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) unifiliar

title: unifilare


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Dan Polansky's block/reply (5)

He's making assumptions based on your Wikipedia record, and then drawing unwarranted conclusions as if it were a criminal record. And he treats you like a criminal. That's just not on.


text:
unifiliar

Adjective

 * 1) Composed of a single electric wire

Translations

 * Italian: unifilare

title: unifiliar


text:
box tail

Noun

 * 1)  An aircraft's tail or rudder, usually fixed, resembling a box kite.

title: box tail


text: რეზო

title: რეზო


text:
luuskaaq

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) spoon

title: luuskaaq


text:
decimal candle

Etymology
Translation of.

Noun

 * 1)  A photometric standard formerly used in France, having the value of one twentieth of the Violle platinum standard, or slightly less than a British standard candle.

title: decimal candle


text: decimal candles

title: decimal candles


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Dan Polansky's block/reply (6)

I still do not think he should be banned or blocked. If anything is done, there should just be a mutual interaction ban between him and me.


text:
unifogliato

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  unifoliate

title: unifogliato


text:
yaassiik

Etymology
Borrowed from, from , , from , from.

Noun

 * 1) box

title: yaassiik


text:
bod veal

Noun

 * 1) Veal too immature to be suitable for food.

title: bod veal


text: Bodhisattwa

title: Bodhisattwa


text: Bodhisattwas

title: Bodhisattwas


text: bodhisat

title: bodhisat


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Dan Polansky's block/reply (7)

Sorry to but in. None of us are perfect. Almost every regular contributor here (including myself, and almost every other sysop) has faults, and they have all pissed me off on occasions. But, on the whole, Wiktionary is better off with them than without them. Sometimes people just get so damned annoying that something pushes a sysop over the edge and he issues an unwarranted block. I have done it myself. Perhaps you should try to be a little less annoying.


text: bodhisats

title: bodhisats


text:
yaassiigek

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) suitcase (dual number of )

title: yaassiigek


text:
Blue Hen State

Etymology
The state bird is the Delaware Blue Hen.

Proper noun

 * 1)  The state of Delaware.

title: Blue Hen State


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Dan Polansky's block/reply (8)

What is a sysop? I will stop being annoying. I've taken down all the things I remember that are jokes, which were pretty much the sample sentences.


text:
block signal

Noun

 * 1)  One of the danger signals or safety signals which guide the movement of trains in a block system, often coupled with a switch so that opening or closing the switch also operates the signal.

title: block signal


text: block signals

title: block signals


text:
lumarraq

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) shirt
 * 2) cloth

title: lumarraq


text:
Blackwater State

Etymology
Alluding to the dark colour of the water of its rivers, due to the presence of a black vegetable mould in the soil.

Proper noun

 * 1)  Nebraska

title: Blackwater State


text:
uniformismo

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  uniformism

Noun

 * 1) uniformism

title: uniformismo


text:
פּיאַנע

Noun

 * 1) piano

title: פּיאַנע


text:
hajilij

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) The tree, from which zachun is derived.

title: hajilij


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Dan Polansky's block/reply (9)

If you don't know the meaning of a word you should consult a dictionary. May I recommend Wiktionary? (see sysop)


text: bidarkee

title: bidarkee


text: bidarkees

title: bidarkees


text:
unigenere

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  unigenous

title: unigenere


text:
rėkti

Etymology
From ; compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Outside of Balto-Slavic, possible cognates may include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  cry out, yell, scream produce a loud noise with one's voice
 * 2)  cry, scream, bawl
 * 3)  shout, yell at; scold
 * 1)  shout, yell at; scold

Derived terms

title: rėkti


text: unigeno

title: unigeno


text:
lumarrallertuyuli

Etymology
“eater of old shirts”, from +  +  +

Noun

 * 1) clothes moth

title: lumarrallertuyuli


text: backfirings

title: backfirings


text: あまみ

title: あまみ


text:
かんみ

Noun

 * 1)  sweetness

title: かんみ


text: კედლები

title: კედლები


text:
Citations:pedophile

Noun

 * 1896, Edmund Dupouy (original author), Thomas C Minor (translator), "Prostitution in Antiquity - A Study in Social Hygiene", section "Anti-Physical Love in Greece", in The Hot Springs Medical Journal, volume 5, page 81:
 * In fact, despite all the rigors of the law, Athens acquired almost as much celebrity from its pederasts and pedophiles as Corinth from its tribades, or unnatural women.

title: Citations:pedophile


text:
only-begotten

Etymology
From, equivalent to. Compare also 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬,, , ,. , itself a calque of.

Adjective

 * 1) Being the only child of one’s parent (especially one’s father)
 * 2)  One of the attributes of Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God the Father.
 * 3) * Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed
 * And [we believe] in one Lord Jesus Christ, the only-begotten Son of God.

Translations

 * Armenian:
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: μονογενής
 * Icelandic: eingetinn
 * Italian: unigenito
 * Latin: ūnigenitus
 * Portuguese:, unigénito

title: only-begotten


text: ბავშვები

title: ბავშვები


text:
take the back track

Verb

 * 1)  To retrace one's steps; to retreat.

title: take the back track


text: kanmi

title: kanmi


text:
ბერლინის კედელი

Proper noun

 * 1) Berlin Wall

title: ბერლინის კედელი


text:
კედლის საათი

Noun

 * 1) wall clock

title: კედლის საათი


text:
caayuq

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) tea

title: caayuq


text:
balopticon

Noun

 * 1)  An early kind of stereopticon or projector.

title: balopticon


text: balopticons

title: balopticons


text: კედლის

title: კედლის


text:
estuuluq

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) table

title: estuuluq


text:
backstream

Noun

 * 1) A current running against the main current of a stream; an eddy.

Verb

 * 1)  To flow in a direction opposing the current or the intended direction.

title: backstream


text: ბერლინის

title: ბერლინის


text: backstreaming

title: backstreaming


text: backstreamed

title: backstreamed


text: backstreams

title: backstreams


text:
زبرګ

Adjective

 * 1) holy
 * 2) saintly

title: زبرګ


text: ბერლინი

title: ბერლინი


text:
pelatekaq

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) tent

title: pelatekaq


text: skjebnen

title: skjebnen


text:
pelatuuk

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) headscarf

title: pelatuuk


text:
Baraca

Etymology
Named in allusion to the that occurs in 2 Chronicles xx. 26 and 1 Chronicles xii.

Proper noun

 * 1)  An international, interdenominational organization of Bible classes for young men, founded in the late 19th century.

title: Baraca


text:
კოჩი

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) human
 * 2) man
 * 3) husband
 * 1) husband
 * 1) husband

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) man
 * 2) human

title: კოჩი


text: Babiism

title: Babiism


text: Sufiism

title: Sufiism


text: skjebner

title: skjebner


text:
ჭაშ

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) husband

title: ჭაშ


text: skjebnene

title: skjebnene


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Dan Polansky's block/reply (10)

Those familiar with CodeCat's behavior at User_talk:80.114.178.7 easily recognize the hypocrisy of the above post. There, CodeCat made ample use of evidence collected at Wikipedias against a user at Wiktionary.


text: კაცნი

title: კაცნი


text:
Barnburner

Noun

 * 1)  A member of the radical section of the Democratic party in New York, around the middle of the 19th century, which was hostile to extension of slavery, public debts, corporate privileges, etc., and supported Van Buren against Cass for president in 1848.

title: Barnburner


text: Barnburners

title: Barnburners


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/Dan Polansky's block/reply (11)

You dodged my question, are you still pushing for me to be blocked?


text: bebeeru

title: bebeeru


text: bebeerus

title: bebeerus


text:
pelacinak

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) string, twine

title: pelacinak


text:
bibiru

Noun

 * 1) A tropical South American tree,, the greenheart.

Derived terms

 * bebeerine

title: bibiru


text: bibirus

title: bibirus


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Kartvelian/ḳac₁-

Root

 * 1) man, male
 * 2) husband

Descendants

 * Proto-Georgian-Zan:
 * Zan:
 * Zan:

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Kartvelian/ḳac₁-


text:
Belleek ware

Etymology
A very fine kind was made at Belleek in Ireland.

Noun

 * 1) A porcelain-like kind of decorative pottery with a high gloss, which is sometimes iridescent.

title: Belleek ware


text: Belleek wares

title: Belleek wares


text:
Egyptian clover

Noun

 * , an annual clover cultivated mostly in irrigated subtropical regions.

title: Egyptian clover


text:
berseem

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) Egyptian clover

title: berseem


text:
Bielid

Etymology
, after.

Noun

 * 1)  Andromedid

title: Bielid


text: Bielids

title: Bielids


text: skjebnar

title: skjebnar


text:
Andromedid

Noun

 * 1)  Any of a group of meteors associated with  (which had broken up by 1846).

title: Andromedid


text:
pelit'aaq

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) stove, cookstove

title: pelit'aaq


text: Andromedids

title: Andromedids


text:
beaumontague

Etymology
Said to be from French beau montage, "beautiful face", referring to the appearance of the filled surface.

Noun

 * 1) A cement used in making joints, filling cracks, etc. For iron, the principal constituents are iron borings and sal ammoniac; for wood, they are white lead or litharge, whiting, and linseed oil.

title: beaumontague


text: skjebnane

title: skjebnane


text:
pelinaq

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) mattress

title: pelinaq


text:
Becquerel ray

Etymology
Radioactivity was discovered in 1896 by the French scientist Henri Becquerel.

Noun

 * 1)  A radioactive ray of any kind.

title: Becquerel ray


text:
לאָזן

Etymology
From, from , from , from. Compare 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to let, allow

Usage notes

 * The past participle also exists.
 * Similar to German לאָזן זיך can be used to mean: "allow one to X the subject" ער לאז זיך נישט שפייען אין דער קאַשע - he does not allow others to spit in his buckwheat porridge. - he's no pushover.
 * לאָזן זיך can also mean "to release from an obligation" זי לאָז זיך נישט פון עפעס נאָר ווײַל עס איז שווער - she doesn't free herself from her obligation just because something is hard

title: לאָזן


text: Becquerel rays

title: Becquerel rays


text:
X-light

Noun

 * 1)  X-ray radiation

title: X-light


text: פאכווע

title: פאכווע


text:
derma ray

Etymology
Perhaps because they were found to cause.

Noun

 * 1)  A weak radioactive ray arising from the impact of cathode particles with the molecules of gas contained in an X-ray tube or with the glass walls of the tube.

title: derma ray


text: derma rays

title: derma rays


text:
פּאַכווע

Etymology
. Related to Polish.

Noun

 * 1) armpit

title: פּאַכווע


text: Bickford

title: Bickford


text: פּאַכוועס

title: פּאַכוועס


text:
Boulangism

Noun

 * 1)  The spirit or principles of a French political movement identified with  (1837–1891), who promoted an aggressive nationalism which opposed Germany and called for the defeat of the Franco-Prussian War (1870-71) to be avenged.

Related terms

 * anti-Boulangist

Translations

 * Portuguese: boulangismo

title: Boulangism


text:
Boulangist

Adjective

 * 1) Supporting Boulangism

Noun

 * 1)  A supporter of Boulangism.

Translations

 * Portuguese: boulangista

title: Boulangist


text: Boulangists

title: Boulangists


text:
cēlgāze

Etymology
Probably from +.

Noun

 * 1) noble gas

title: cēlgāze


text:
varig

Etymology
From the verb.

Adjective

 * 1) lasting

Etymology
From the verb.

Adjective

 * 1) lasting

Etymology
..

Adjective

 * 1)  pussy, purulent

title: varig