text:
Citations:barns

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * And now, indeed, my stock of corn increasing, I really wanted to build my barns bigger; I wanted a place to lay it up in, for the increase of the corn now yielded me so much, that I had of the barley about twenty bushels, and of the rice as much or more; insomuch that now I resolved to begin to use it freely; for my bread had been quite gone a great while; also I resolved to see what quantity would be sufficient for me a whole year, and to sow but once a year.

title: Citations:barns


text:
Citations:barrel

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * As to the barrel that had been wet, I did not apprehend any danger from that; so I placed it in my new cave, which, in my fancy, I called my kitchen; and the rest I hid up and down in holes among the rocks, so that no wet might come to it, marking very carefully where I laid it.
 * Upon this occasion of removing my ammunition I happened to open the barrel of powder which I took up out of the sea, and which had been wet, and I found that the water had penetrated about three or four inches into the powder on every side, which caking and growing hard, had preserved the inside like a kernel in the shell, so that I had near sixty pounds of very good powder in the centre of the cask.
 * I left them my firearms—viz. five muskets, three fowling-pieces, and three swords. I had above a barrel and a half of powder left; for after the first year or two I used but little, and wasted none. I gave them a description of the way I managed the goats, and directions to milk and fatten them, and to make both butter and cheese.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Citations:barrel


text:
Citations:barricaded

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * However, as well as I could, I barricaded myself round with the chest and boards that I had brought on shore, and made a kind of hut for that night’s lodging.

title: Citations:barricaded


text:
Citations:bars

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Before, as I walked about, either on my hunting or for viewing the country, the anguish of my soul at my condition would break out upon me on a sudden, and my very heart would die within me, to think of the woods, the mountains, the deserts I was in, and how I was a prisoner, locked up with the eternal bars and bolts of the ocean, in an uninhabited wilderness, without redemption.
 * Besides this, when I came to the till in the chest, I found there three great bags of pieces of eight, which held about eleven hundred pieces in all; and in one of them, wrapped up in a paper, six doubloons of gold, and some small bars or wedges of gold; I suppose they might all weigh near a pound.

title: Citations:bars


text:
Citations:bathe

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * He looked up in my face with all the tokens of gratitude and thankfulness that could appear in any countenance; but was so weak, notwithstanding he had so exerted himself in the fight, that he could not stand up upon his feet—he tried to do it two or three times, but was really not able, his ankles were so swelled and so painful to him; so I bade him sit still, and caused Friday to rub his ankles, and bathe them with rum, as he had done his father’s.

title: Citations:bathe


text:
Citations:beach

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * He told me it was not one of their nation, but one of the bearded men he had told me of, that came to their country in the boat. I was filled with horror at the very naming of the white bearded man; and going to the tree, I saw plainly by my glass a white man, who lay upon the beach of the sea with his hands and his feet tied with flags, or things like rushes, and that he was an European, and had clothes on.
 * As soon as I perceived they saw me, I shouted as loud as I could, and bade Friday do so too, and running as fast as I could, which, by the way, was not very fast, being loaded with arms as I was, I made directly towards the poor victim, who was, as I said, lying upon the beach or shore, between the place where they sat and the sea.
 * Upon this, I told him the first thing we had to do was to stave the boat which lay upon the beach, so that they might not carry her of, and taking everything out of her, leave her so far useless as not to be fit to swim.

title: Citations:beach


text:
Citations:beachy

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * She lay almost where she did at first, but not quite; and was turned, by the force of the waves and the winds, almost bottom upward, against a high ridge of beachy, rough sand, but no water about her.

title: Citations:beachy


text:
Citations:beads

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Salvador, which was our port; and that, in my discourses among them, I had frequently given them an account of my two voyages to the coast of Guinea: the manner of trading with the negroes there, and how easy it was to purchase upon the coast for trifles—such as beads, toys, knives, scissors, hatchets, bits of glass, and the like—not only gold-dust, Guinea grains, elephants’ teeth, &c., but negroes, for the service of the Brazils, in great numbers.
 * We had on board no large cargo of goods, except of such toys as were fit for our trade with the negroes, such as beads, bits of glass, shells, and other trifles, especially little looking-glasses, knives, scissors, hatchets, and the like.

title: Citations:beads


text:
Citations:beak

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * As for the creature I killed, I took it to be a kind of hawk, its colour and beak resembling it, but it had no talons or claws more than common.

title: Citations:beak


text:
Citations:beans

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Alas! there the sorry, useless stuff lay; I had no more manner of business for it; and often thought with myself that I would have given a handful of it for a gross of tobacco-pipes; or for a hand-mill to grind my corn; nay, I would have given it all for a sixpenny-worth of turnip and carrot seed out of England, or for a handful of peas and beans, and a bottle of ink.

title: Citations:beans


text:
Citations:bearded

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * He told me that up a great way beyond the moon, that was beyond the setting of the moon, which must be west from their country, there dwelt white bearded men, like me, and pointed to my great whiskers, which I mentioned before; and that they had killed much mans, that was his word: by all which I understood he meant the Spaniards, whose cruelties in America had been spread over the whole country, and were remembered by all the nations from father to son.
 * Then he told me, as well as he could, how kind they were to seventeen white men, or bearded men, as he called them who came on shore there in distress.
 * From this time, I confess, I had a mind to venture over, and see if I could possibly join with those bearded men, who I made no doubt were Spaniards and Portuguese; not doubting but, if I could, we might find some method to escape from thence, being upon the continent, and a good company together, better than I could from an island forty miles off the shore, alone and without help.

title: Citations:bearded


text:
Citations:beater

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * After this, I made a great heavy pestle or beater of the wood called the iron-wood; and this I prepared and laid by against I had my next crop of corn, which I proposed to myself to grind, or rather pound into meal to make bread.

title: Citations:beater


text:
Citations:bedding

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Besides these things, I took all the men’s clothes that I could find, and a spare fore-topsail, a hammock, and some bedding; and with this I loaded my second raft, and brought them all safe on shore, to my very great comfort.

title: Citations:bedding


text:
modalitat

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) modality

title: modalitat


text:
halkomakone

Noun

 * 1) log splitter machine used to split logs, usually for firewood

title: halkomakone


text:
כּלומרשט

Etymology
From suffixed onto, from  + , infinitive of.

Adverb

 * 1) as if, as though, as it were

title: כּלומרשט


text:
assaig

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) try, trial
 * 2) rehearsal, organized practice session
 * 3)  try
 * 4) essay

title: assaig


text:
intrabrand

Adjective

 * 1) Within a brand.

title: intrabrand


text:
Citations:bestirred

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * My condition began now to be, though not less miserable as to my way of living, yet much easier to my mind: and my thoughts being directed, by a constant reading the Scripture and praying to God, to things of a higher nature, I had a great deal of comfort within, which till now I knew nothing of; also, my health and strength returned, I bestirred myself to furnish myself with everything that I wanted, and make my way of living as regular as I could.

title: Citations:bestirred


text:
cúmul

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) pile, mound
 * 2) cumulus cloud

title: cúmul


text:
Citations:bigger

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * All this time I worked very hard, the rains hindering me many days, nay, sometimes weeks together; but I thought I should never be perfectly secure till this wall was finished; and it is scarce credible what inexpressible labour everything was done with, especially the bringing piles out of the woods and driving them into the ground; for I made them much bigger than I needed to have done.
 * And now, indeed, my stock of corn increasing, I really wanted to build my barns bigger; I wanted a place to lay it up in, for the increase of the corn now yielded me so much, that I had of the barley about twenty bushels, and of the rice as much or more; insomuch that now I resolved to begin to use it freely; for my bread had been quite gone a great while; also I resolved to see what quantity would be sufficient for me a whole year, and to sow but once a year.
 * So when he was in, I said to him, “Well, now, Friday, shall we go to your nation?” He looked very dull at my saying so; which it seems was because he thought the boat was too small to go so far. I then told him I had a bigger; so the next day I went to the place where the first boat lay which I had made, but which I could not get into the water.

title: Citations:bigger


text:
Citations:biggest

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * In this half-circle I pitched two rows of strong stakes, driving them into the ground till they stood very firm like piles, the biggest end being out of the ground above five feet and a half, and sharpened on the top.
 * But I was not perfectly easy at lying so open; for, as I had managed myself before, I was in a perfect enclosure; whereas now I thought I lay exposed, and open for anything to come in upon me; and yet I could not perceive that there was any living thing to fear, the biggest creature that I had yet seen upon the island being a goat.
 * My man Friday had delivered our guide, and when we came up to him he was helping him off his horse, for the man was both hurt and frightened, when on a sudden we espied the bear come out of the wood; and a monstrous one it was, the biggest by far that ever I saw.

title: Citations:biggest


text:
Citations:biscuit-cakes

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * I mentioned before that I had a great mind to see the whole island, and that I had travelled up the brook, and so on to where I built my bower, and where I had an opening quite to the sea, on the other side of the island. I now resolved to travel quite across to the sea-shore on that side; so, taking my gun, a hatchet, and my dog, and a larger quantity of powder and shot than usual, with two biscuit-cakes and a great bunch of raisins in my pouch for my store, I began my journey.
 * Accordingly, we went on board, took the arms which were left on board out of her, and whatever else we found there—which was a bottle of brandy, and another of rum, a few biscuit-cakes, a horn of powder, and a great lump of sugar in a piece of canvas (the sugar was five or six pounds): all which was very welcome to me, especially the brandy and sugar, of which I had had none left for many years.

title: Citations:biscuit-cakes


text:
Citations:bits

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Salvador, which was our port; and that, in my discourses among them, I had frequently given them an account of my two voyages to the coast of Guinea: the manner of trading with the negroes there, and how easy it was to purchase upon the coast for trifles—such as beads, toys, knives, scissors, hatchets, bits of glass, and the like—not only gold-dust, Guinea grains, elephants’ teeth, &c., but negroes, for the service of the Brazils, in great numbers.
 * We had on board no large cargo of goods, except of such toys as were fit for our trade with the negroes, such as beads, bits of glass, shells, and other trifles, especially little looking-glasses, knives, scissors, hatchets, and the like.

title: Citations:bits


text:
Citations:blade

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * But now my crop promised very well, when on a sudden I found I was in danger of losing it all again by enemies of several sorts, which it was scarcely possible to keep from it; as, first, the goats, and wild creatures which I called hares, who, tasting the sweetness of the blade, lay in it night and day, as soon as it came up, and eat it so close, that it could get no time to shoot up into stalk.
 * But as the beasts ruined me before, while my corn was in the blade, so the birds were as likely to ruin me now, when it was in the ear; for, going along by the place to see how it throve, I saw my little crop surrounded with fowls, of I know not how many sorts, who stood, as it were, watching till I should be gone. I immediately let fly among them, for I always had my gun with me. I had no sooner shot, but there rose up a little cloud of fowls, which I had not seen at all, from among the corn itself.

title: Citations:blade


text:
Citations:blamed

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * When we had thus housed and secured our magazine of corn, we fell to work to make more wicker-ware, viz. great baskets, in which we kept it; and the Spaniard was very handy and dexterous at this part, and often blamed me that I did not make some things for defence of this kind of work; but I saw no need of it.

title: Citations:blamed


text:
Citations:blanket

cloth

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * In the middle of this I had my tent always standing, being a piece of a sail spread over poles, set up for that purpose, and which never wanted any repair or renewing; and under this I had made me a squab or couch with the skins of the creatures I had killed, and with other soft things, and a blanket laid on them, such as belonged to our sea-bedding, which I had saved; and a great watch-coat to cover me.
 * Here I gave him bread and a bunch of raisins to eat, and a draught of water, which I found he was indeed in great distress for, from his running: and having refreshed him, I made signs for him to go and lie down to sleep, showing him a place where I had laid some rice-straw, and a blanket upon it, which I used to sleep upon myself sometimes; so the poor creature lay down, and went to sleep.

color

 * 1) * 1661, Peacham's Complete Gentleman, XIV:
 * Blanket colour, i.e. a light watchet.

title: Citations:blanket


text:
Citations:blasphemed

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * My conscience presently checked me in that inquiry, as if I had blasphemed, and methought it spoke to me like a voice: “Wretch! dost thou ask what thou hast done?

title: Citations:blasphemed


text:
Citations:blast

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * My very heart sank within me when I thought that, at one blast, all my powder might be destroyed; on which, not my defence only, but the providing my food, as I thought, entirely depended. I was nothing near so anxious about my own danger, though, had the powder took fire, I should never have known who had hurt me.

title: Citations:blast


text:
Citations:blazed

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * The wood was dry, and blazed freely; and, though the wind blew very hard, yet it burned fairly out; so that I was certain, if there was any such thing as a ship, they must needs see it.
 * And no doubt they did; for as soon as ever my fire blazed up, I heard another gun, and after that several others, all from the same quarter. I plied my fire all night long, till daybreak: and when it was broad day, and the air cleared up, I saw something at a great distance at sea, full east of the island, whether a sail or a hull I could not distinguish—no, not with my glass: the distance was so great, and the weather still something hazy also; at least, it was so out at sea.

title: Citations:blazed


text:
Citations:bled

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * When he came to him, he stood like one amazed, looking at him, turning him first on one side, then on the other; looked at the wound the bullet had made, which it seems was just in his breast, where it had made a hole, and no great quantity of blood had followed; but he had bled inwardly, for he was quite dead.

 * 1958,, Meurtre à Jersey, 1958 ed., Librairie des Champs-Élysées, Paris, p. 72
 * Au jugé, et sans en être absolument certain, il estima que cette ruine, isolée en plein bled, pouvait remonter au onzième siècle [...].

title: Citations:bled


text:
Citations:blindly

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * But I was hurried on, and obeyed blindly the dictates of my fancy rather than my reason; and, accordingly, the ship being fitted out, and the cargo furnished, and all things done, as by agreement, by my partners in the voyage, I went on board in an evil hour, the 1st September 1659, being the same day eight years that I went from my father and mother at Hull, in order to act the rebel to their authority, and the fool to my own interests.

title: Citations:blindly


text:
Citations:blistered

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * The reason why I could not go naked was, I could not bear the heat of the sun so well when quite naked as with some clothes on; nay, the very heat frequently blistered my skin: whereas, with a shirt on, the air itself made some motion, and whistling under the shirt, was twofold cooler than without it.

title: Citations:blistered


text:
Citations:blocked

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * When I had done this, I blocked up the door of the tent with some boards within, and an empty chest set up on end without; and spreading one of the beds upon the ground, laying my two pistols just at my head, and my gun at length by me, I went to bed for the first time, and slept very quietly all night, for I was very weary and heavy; for the night before I had slept little, and had laboured very hard all day to fetch all those things from the ship, and to get them on shore.

title: Citations:blocked


text:
Citations:blowing

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Xury was dreadfully frighted, and indeed so was I too; but we were both more frighted when we heard one of these mighty creatures come swimming towards our boat; we could not see him, but we might hear him by his blowing to be a monstrous huge and furious beast.
 * In this distress, the wind still blowing very hard, one of our men early in the morning cried out, “Land!” and we had no sooner run out of the cabin to look out, in hopes of seeing whereabouts in the world we were, than the ship struck upon a sand, and in a moment her motion being so stopped, the sea broke over her in such a manner that we expected we should all have perished immediately; and we were immediately driven into our close quarters, to shelter us from the very foam and spray of the sea.
 * Oct. 25.—It rained all night and all day, with some gusts of wind; during which time the ship broke in pieces, the wind blowing a little harder than before, and was no more to be seen, except the wreck of her, and that only at low water. I spent this day in covering and securing the goods which I had saved, that the rain might not spoil them.

title: Citations:blowing


text:
Citations:blown

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * The wind blew from the N.N.E., which was contrary to my desire, for had it blown southerly I had been sure to have made the coast of Spain, and at least reached to the bay of Cadiz; but my resolutions were, blow which way it would, I would be gone from that horrid place where I was, and leave the rest to fate.
 * I confess I had not entertained any notion of my ammunition being destroyed at one blast—I mean my powder being blown up by lightning; and this made the thoughts of it so surprising to me, when it lightened and thundered, as I observed just now.
 * May 16.—It had blown hard in the night, and the wreck appeared more broken by the force of the water; but I stayed so long in the woods, to get pigeons for food, that the tide prevented my going to the wreck that day.

title: Citations:blown


text:
Citations:boards

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * However, as well as I could, I barricaded myself round with the chest and boards that I had brought on shore, and made a kind of hut for that night’s lodging.
 * When I had done this, I blocked up the door of the tent with some boards within, and an empty chest set up on end without; and spreading one of the beds upon the ground, laying my two pistols just at my head, and my gun at length by me, I went to bed for the first time, and slept very quietly all night, for I was very weary and heavy; for the night before I had slept little, and had laboured very hard all day to fetch all those things from the ship, and to get them on shore.
 * However, I made me a table and a chair, as I observed above, in the first place; and this I did out of the short pieces of boards that I brought on my raft from the ship.

title: Citations:boards


text:
Citations:boats

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * While I was thus looking on them, I perceived, by my perspective, two miserable wretches dragged from the boats, where, it seems, they were laid by, and were now brought out for the slaughter. I perceived one of them immediately fall; being knocked down, I suppose, with a club or wooden sword, for that was their way; and two or three others were at work immediately, cutting him open for their cookery, while the other victim was left standing by himself, till they should be ready for him.

title: Citations:boats


text:
Citations:boatswain

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Towards evening the mate and boatswain begged the master of our ship to let them cut away the fore-mast, which he was very unwilling to do; but the boatswain protesting to him that if he did not the ship would founder, he consented; and when they had cut away the fore-mast, the main-mast stood so loose, and shook the ship so much, they were obliged to cut that away also, and make a clear deck.
 * However, the storm was so violent that I saw, what is not often seen, the master, the boatswain, and some others more sensible than the rest, at their prayers, and expecting every moment when the ship would go to the bottom.
 * The boatswain was killed upon the spot: the next man was shot in the body, and fell just by him, though he did not die till an hour or two after; and the third ran for it.

title: Citations:boatswain


text:
Citations:boil

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * In this confinement, I began to be straitened for food: but venturing out twice, I one day killed a goat; and the last day, which was the 26th, found a very large tortoise, which was a treat to me, and my food was regulated thus: I ate a bunch of raisins for my breakfast; a piece of the goat’s flesh, or of the turtle, for my dinner, broiled—for, to my great misfortune, I had no vessel to boil or stew anything; and two or three of the turtle’s eggs for my supper.
 * No joy at a thing of so mean a nature was ever equal to mine, when I found I had made an earthen pot that would bear the fire; and I had hardly patience to stay till they were cold before I set one on the fire again with some water in it to boil me some meat, which it did admirably well; and with a piece of a kid I made some very good broth, though I wanted oatmeal, and several other ingredients requisite to make it as good as I would have had it been.
 * In the next place, I had no hops to make it keep, no yeast to make it work, no copper or kettle to make it boil; and yet with all these things wanting, I verily believe, had not the frights and terrors I was in about the savages intervened, I had undertaken it, and perhaps brought it to pass too; for I seldom gave anything over without accomplishing it, when once I had it in my head to began it.

title: Citations:boil


text:
Citations:bond

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * When this cargo arrived I thought my fortune made, for I was surprised with the joy of it; and my stood steward, the captain, had laid out the five pounds, which my friend had sent him for a present for himself, to purchase and bring me over a servant, under bond for six years’ service, and would not accept of any consideration, except a little tobacco, which I would have him accept, being of my own produce.

title: Citations:bond


text:
Citations:boom

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * She sailed with what we call a shoulder-of-mutton sail; and the boom jibed over the top of the cabin, which lay very snug and low, and had in it room for him to lie, with a slave or two, and a table to eat on, with some small lockers to put in some bottles of such liquor as he thought fit to drink; and his bread, rice, and coffee.

title: Citations:boom


text:
Citations:botching

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Upon these views I began to consider about putting the few rags I had, which I called clothes, into some order; I had worn out all the waistcoats I had, and my business was now to try if I could not make jackets out of the great watch-coats which I had by me, and with such other materials as I had; so I set to work, tailoring, or rather, indeed, botching, for I made most piteous work of it.

title: Citations:botching


text:
Citations:bough

 * 1) A firm (and often larger) branch of a tree.

 * 1750 April, Mr Urban, Surry, April 4, letter sent to The Gentleman's Magazine, Vol. XX, page 182:
 * As I was riding on the 29th of last month I gathered a Hawthorn bough, full-blown.

 * 1800 General Wolf, "Maid milking her cow", Page 2:
 * It was on a fine summer's morning, as birds sweetly sung on each bough,

 * 1829, The Extractor; or Universal repertorium of literature, page 424:
 * See him dropping from some tall thin bough,
 * 1889, George Manville Fenn, Quicksilver: Or, the Boy with No Skid to His Wheel, page 115:
 * It was done though at last, the thin bough in which the line was tangled seized by the left hand, while the right cut vigorously with the knife. It would have been far easier to have disentangled the line, but

title: Citations:bough


text:
metropolità

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) metropolitan

Noun

 * 1) metro, underground, subway

title: metropolità


text:
Citations:bountifully

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * I had terrible reflections upon my mind for many months, as I have already observed, on account of my wicked and hardened life past; and when I looked about me, and considered what particular providences had attended me since my coming into this place, and how God had dealt bountifully with me—had not only punished me less than my iniquity had deserved, but had so plentifully provided for me—this gave me great hopes that my repentance was accepted, and that God had yet mercy in store for me.

title: Citations:bountifully


text:
Citations:bowels

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * How I could not have so much as got any food, except fish and turtles; and that, as it was long before I found any of them, I must have perished first; that I should have lived, if I had not perished, like a mere savage; that if I had killed a goat or a fowl, by any contrivance, I had no way to flay or open it, or part the flesh from the skin and the bowels, or to cut it up; but must gnaw it with my teeth, and pull it with my claws, like a beast.

title: Citations:bowels


text:
Citations:bower

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * As soon as the rains were over, and the weather began to settle, which was about the month of November, I made a visit up the country to my bower, where, though I had not been some months, yet I found all things just as I left them.
 * I mentioned before that I had a great mind to see the whole island, and that I had travelled up the brook, and so on to where I built my bower, and where I had an opening quite to the sea, on the other side of the island. I now resolved to travel quite across to the sea-shore on that side; so, taking my gun, a hatchet, and my dog, and a larger quantity of powder and shot than usual, with two biscuit-cakes and a great bunch of raisins in my pouch for my store, I began my journey.
 * When I had passed the vale where my bower stood, as above, I came within view of the sea to the west, and it being a very clear day, I fairly descried land—whether an island or a continent I could not tell; but it lay very high, extending from the W. to the W.S.W. at a very great distance; by my guess it could not be less than fifteen or twenty leagues off.

title: Citations:bower


text:
Citations:bowsprit

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * All the stern and quarter of her were beaten to pieces by the sea; and as her forecastle, which stuck in the rocks, had run on with great violence, her mainmast and foremast were brought by the board—that is to say, broken short off; but her bowsprit was sound, and the head and bow appeared firm.

title: Citations:bowsprit


text:
Citations:brace

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * The two muskets I loaded with a brace of slugs each, and four or five smaller bullets, about the size of pistol bullets; and the fowling-piece I loaded with near a handful of swan-shot of the largest size; I also loaded my pistols with about four bullets each; and, in this posture, well provided with ammunition for a second and third charge, I prepared myself for my expedition.
 * Then I took four muskets, and loaded them with two slugs and five small bullets each; and my two pistols I loaded with a brace of bullets each. I hung my great sword, as usual, naked by my side, and gave Friday his hatchet.

title: Citations:brace


text:
Citations:bran

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * My next difficulty was to make a sieve or searce, to dress my meal, and to part it from the bran and the husk; without which I did not see it possible I could have any bread.

title: Citations:bran


text:
Citations:branches

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * This was a most preposterous method; but the eagerness of my fancy prevailed, and to work I went. I felled a cedar-tree, and I question much whether Solomon ever had such a one for the building of the Temple of Jerusalem; it was five feet ten inches diameter at the lower part next the stump, and four feet eleven inches diameter at the end of twenty-two feet; after which it lessened for a while, and then parted into branches.
 * It was not without infinite labour that I felled this tree; I was twenty days hacking and hewing at it at the bottom; I was fourteen more getting the branches and limbs and the vast spreading head cut off, which I hacked and hewed through with axe and hatchet, and inexpressible labour; after this, it cost me a month to shape it and dub it to a proportion, and to something like the bottom of a boat, that it might swim upright as it ought to do.

title: Citations:branches


text:
Citations:brandgoose

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * The 30th was my well day, of course, and I went abroad with my gun, but did not care to travel too far. I killed a sea-fowl or two, something like a brandgoose, and brought them home, but was not very forward to eat them; so I ate some more of the turtle’s eggs, which were very good.

title: Citations:brandgoose


text:
Citations:breeze

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Dec. 28, 29, 30, 31.—Great heats, and no breeze, so that there was no stirring abroad, except in the evening, for food; this time I spent in putting all my things in order within doors.
 * However, I worked hard till, indeed, my strength was almost exhausted, and kept my boat as much to the northward, that is, towards the side of the current which the eddy lay on, as possibly I could; when about noon, as the sun passed the meridian, I thought I felt a little breeze of wind in my face, springing up from SSE.
 * However, I found that being between two great currents—viz. that on the south side, which had hurried me away, and that on the north, which lay about a league on the other side; I say, between these two, in the wake of the island, I found the water at least still, and running no way; and having still a breeze of wind fair for me, I kept on steering directly for the island, though not making such fresh way as I did before.

title: Citations:breeze


text:
Citations:brew

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * As in my present condition there were not really many things which I wanted, so indeed I thought that the frights I had been in about these savage wretches, and the concern I had been in for my own preservation, had taken off the edge of my invention, for my own conveniences; and I had dropped a good design, which I had once bent my thoughts upon, and that was to try if I could not make some of my barley into malt, and then try to brew myself some beer.

title: Citations:brew


text:
Citations:broadcloth

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * To this I added a very handsome present of some Italian silks for his wife and two daughters, for such the captain’s son informed me he had; with two pieces of fine English broadcloth, the best I could get in Lisbon, five pieces of black baize, and some Flanders lace of a good value.

title: Citations:broadcloth


text:
Citations:broadside

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * About three in the afternoon he came up with us, and bringing to, by mistake, just athwart our quarter, instead of athwart our stern, as he intended, we brought eight of our guns to bear on that side, and poured in a broadside upon him, which made him sheer off again, after returning our fire, and pouring in also his small shot from near two hundred men which he had on board.

title: Citations:broadside


text:
Citations:broadswords

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * I was sadly put to it for a scythe or sickle to cut it down, and all I could do was to make one, as well as I could, out of one of the broadswords, or cutlasses, which I saved among the arms out of the ship.

title: Citations:broadswords


text:
Citations:broiled

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * However, I killed a she-goat, and with much difficulty got it home, and broiled some of it, and ate, I would fain have stewed it, and made some broth, but had no pot.
 * Then I got me a piece of the goat’s flesh and broiled it on the coals, but could eat very little. I walked about, but was very weak, and withal very sad and heavy-hearted under a sense of my miserable condition, dreading, the return of my distemper the next day.

title: Citations:broiled


text:
Citations:broth

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * However, I killed a she-goat, and with much difficulty got it home, and broiled some of it, and ate, I would fain have stewed it, and made some broth, but had no pot.
 * No joy at a thing of so mean a nature was ever equal to mine, when I found I had made an earthen pot that would bear the fire; and I had hardly patience to stay till they were cold before I set one on the fire again with some water in it to boil me some meat, which it did admirably well; and with a piece of a kid I made some very good broth, though I wanted oatmeal, and several other ingredients requisite to make it as good as I would have had it been.
 * He made a sign to me that the salt was not good to eat; and putting a little into his own mouth, he seemed to nauseate it, and would spit and sputter at it, washing his mouth with fresh water after it: on the other hand, I took some meat into my mouth without salt, and I pretended to spit and sputter for want of salt, as much as he had done at the salt; but it would not do; he would never care for salt with meat or in his broth; at least, not for a great while, and then but a very little.

title: Citations:broth


text:
Citations:brute

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * But I was merely thoughtless of a God or a Providence, acted like a mere brute, from the principles of nature, and by the dictates of common sense only, and, indeed, hardly that.

title: Citations:brute


text:
Citations:brutish

 * 1651,, Leviathan
 * No arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear and danger of violent death; and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.
 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * By this I observed, that there is priestcraft even among the most blinded, ignorant pagans in the world; and the policy of making a secret of religion, in order to preserve the veneration of the people to the clergy, not only to be found in the Roman, but, perhaps, among all religions in the world, even among the most brutish and barbarous savages.
 * 1843,, Past and Present, book 3, ch. IX, Working Aristocracy
 * The haggard despair of Cotton-factory, Coal-mine operatives, Chandos Farm-labourers, in these days, is painful to behold; but not so painful, hideous to the inner sense, as the brutish god-forgetting Profit-and-Loss Philosophy, and Life-theory, which we hear jangled on all hands of us […]

title: Citations:brutish


text:
Citations:buckles

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * I had on a broad belt of goat’s skin dried, which I drew together with two thongs of the same instead of buckles, and in a kind of a frog on either side of this, instead of a sword and dagger, hung a little saw and a hatchet, one on one side and one on the other. I had another belt not so broad, and fastened in the same manner, which hung over my shoulder, and at the end of it, under my left arm, hung two pouches, both made of goat’s skin too, in one of which hung my powder, in the other my shot.

title: Citations:buckles


text:
Citations:bulged

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Here I found that the ship was bulged, and had a great deal of water in her hold, but that she lay so on the side of a bank of hard sand, or, rather earth, that her stern lay lifted up upon the bank, and her head low, almost to the water.

title: Citations:bulged


text:
Citations:bullet

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * When he came to him, he stood like one amazed, looking at him, turning him first on one side, then on the other; looked at the wound the bullet had made, which it seems was just in his breast, where it had made a hole, and no great quantity of blood had followed; but he had bled inwardly, for he was quite dead.
 * The mate, calling for help, rushed, however, into the round-house, wounded as he was, and, with his pistol, shot the new captain through the head, the bullet entering at his mouth, and came out again behind one of his ears, so that he never spoke a word more: upon which the rest yielded, and the ship was taken effectually, without any more lives lost.

title: Citations:bullet


text:
Citations:bullets

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * It may be we may kill some alcamies (a fowl like our curlews) for ourselves, for I know he keeps the gunner’s stores in the ship.” “Yes,” says he, “I’ll bring some;” and accordingly he brought a great leather pouch, which held a pound and a half of powder, or rather more; and another with shot, that had five or six pounds, with some bullets, and put all into the boat.
 * All these I secured, together with several things belonging to the gunner, particularly two or three iron crows, and two barrels of musket bullets, seven muskets, another fowling-piece, with some small quantity of powder more; a large bagful of small shot, and a great roll of sheet-lead; but this last was so heavy, I could not hoist it up to get it over the ship’s side.
 * The two muskets I loaded with a brace of slugs each, and four or five smaller bullets, about the size of pistol bullets; and the fowling-piece I loaded with near a handful of swan-shot of the largest size; I also loaded my pistols with about four bullets each; and, in this posture, well provided with ammunition for a second and third charge, I prepared myself for my expedition.

title: Citations:bullets


text:
Citations:bunch

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * In this confinement, I began to be straitened for food: but venturing out twice, I one day killed a goat; and the last day, which was the 26th, found a very large tortoise, which was a treat to me, and my food was regulated thus: I ate a bunch of raisins for my breakfast; a piece of the goat’s flesh, or of the turtle, for my dinner, broiled—for, to my great misfortune, I had no vessel to boil or stew anything; and two or three of the turtle’s eggs for my supper.
 * I mentioned before that I had a great mind to see the whole island, and that I had travelled up the brook, and so on to where I built my bower, and where I had an opening quite to the sea, on the other side of the island. I now resolved to travel quite across to the sea-shore on that side; so, taking my gun, a hatchet, and my dog, and a larger quantity of powder and shot than usual, with two biscuit-cakes and a great bunch of raisins in my pouch for my store, I began my journey.
 * Here I gave him bread and a bunch of raisins to eat, and a draught of water, which I found he was indeed in great distress for, from his running: and having refreshed him, I made signs for him to go and lie down to sleep, showing him a place where I had laid some rice-straw, and a blanket upon it, which I used to sleep upon myself sometimes; so the poor creature lay down, and went to sleep.

title: Citations:bunch


text:
Citations:bunches

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * The 3rd of August, I found the grapes I had hung up perfectly dried, and, indeed, were excellent good raisins of the sun; so I began to take them down from the trees, and it was very happy that I did so, for the rains which followed would have spoiled them, and I had lost the best part of my winter food; for I had above two hundred large bunches of them.
 * He shook his head, and said, “None; ugly dog eat all up self.” I then gave him a cake of bread out of a little pouch I carried on purpose; I also gave him a dram for himself; but he would not taste it, but carried it to his father. I had in my pocket two or three bunches of raisins, so I gave him a handful of them for his father.

title: Citations:bunches


text:
Citations:buoy

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * It was with the utmost hazard the boat came near us; but it was impossible for us to get on board, or for the boat to lie near the ship’s side, till at last the men rowing very heartily, and venturing their lives to save ours, our men cast them a rope over the stern with a buoy to it, and then veered it out a great length, which they, after much labour and hazard, took hold of, and we hauled them close under our stern, and got all into their boat.

title: Citations:buoy


text:
Citations:bush

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * How it came thither I knew not, nor could I in the least imagine; but after innumerable fluttering thoughts, like a man perfectly confused and out of myself, I came home to my fortification, not feeling, as we say, the ground I went on, but terrified to the last degree, looking behind me at every two or three steps, mistaking every bush and tree, and fancying every stump at a distance to be a man.

gun term

 * 1879, John Fletcher Owen, Treatise on the Construction and Manufacture of Ordnance in the British Service Prepared in the Royal Gun Factory, page 48:
 * Vent bush . Copper . Steel . Wrought iron . Position . In R.B.L. guns . In S.B. and R.M.L. Having constructed our gun ... the bush is placed at an angle of 45 ° with the perpendicular, and the vent hole will therefore be at the top ...
 * 1883, Sisson Cooper Pratt, Field artillery, page 8:
 * The strength of the gun - barrel is less affected by a number of shallow grooves than a few deep ones . ... a vent bush or plug of copper, conical in shape , is screwed into a cavity cut in the gun , and contains the vent hole.
 * 1951, Greville Bathe, Ship of Destiny: A Record of the U.S. Steam Frigate Merrimac, 1855-1862
 * The vent for firing the main charge was a copper or iron bouching ( bush ) screwed into the breech . On the largest guns the vent hole was lined with platinum . The wear on this part of the gun was extreme as the rush of gas at white ...
 * 1877, Great Britain. War Office, Abridged Treatise on the construction and manufacture of ordnance in the British service, page 12:
 * II . vent hole will therefore be at the top right side in such guns for broadside and garrison service ... It was therefore settled that heavy guns . heavy guns should be rented so that the bush should strike the bore at that † distance ...

title: Citations:bush


text:
Citations:bushels

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * However, as my first crop was but small, I had no great difficulty to cut it down; in short, I reaped it in my way, for I cut nothing off but the ears, and carried it away in a great basket which I had made, and so rubbed it out with my hands; and at the end of all my harvesting, I found that out of my half-peck of seed I had near two bushels of rice, and about two bushels and a half of barley; that is to say, by my guess, for I had no measure at that time.
 * And now, indeed, my stock of corn increasing, I really wanted to build my barns bigger; I wanted a place to lay it up in, for the increase of the corn now yielded me so much, that I had of the barley about twenty bushels, and of the rice as much or more; insomuch that now I resolved to begin to use it freely; for my bread had been quite gone a great while; also I resolved to see what quantity would be sufficient for me a whole year, and to sow but once a year.
 * Upon the whole, I found that the forty bushels of barley and rice were much more than I could consume in a year; so I resolved to sow just the same quantity every year that I sowed the last, in hopes that such a quantity would fully provide me with bread, &c.

title: Citations:bushels


text:
Citations:butter

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * And as Nature, who gives supplies of food to every creature, dictates even naturally how to make use of it, so I, that had never milked a cow, much less a goat, or seen butter or cheese made only when I was a boy, after a great many essays and miscarriages, made both butter and cheese at last, also salt (though I found it partly made to my hand by the heat of the sun upon some of the rocks of the sea), and never wanted it afterwards.
 * I left them my firearms—viz. five muskets, three fowling-pieces, and three swords. I had above a barrel and a half of powder left; for after the first year or two I used but little, and wasted none. I gave them a description of the way I managed the goats, and directions to milk and fatten them, and to make both butter and cheese.

title: Citations:butter


text:
Citations:buying

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * They listened always very attentively to my discourses on these heads, but especially to that part which related to the buying of negroes, which was a trade at that time, not only not far entered into, but, as far as it was, had been carried on by assientos, or permission of the kings of Spain and Portugal, and engrossed in the public stock: so that few negroes were bought, and these excessively dear.
 * There being at that time great disbursements for increasing the works, building an ingenio, and buying slaves, it did not amount to near so much as afterwards it produced; however,” says the old man, “I shall give you a true account of what I have received in all, and how I have disposed of it.”

title: Citations:buying


text:
Citations:cables

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * By noon the sea went very high indeed, and our ship rode forecastle in, shipped several seas, and we thought once or twice our anchor had come home; upon which our master ordered out the sheet-anchor, so that we rode with two anchors ahead, and the cables veered out to the bitter end.
 * The next day I made another voyage, and now, having plundered the ship of what was portable and fit to hand out, I began with the cables.
 * Cutting the great cable into pieces, such as I could move, I got two cables and a hawser on shore, with all the ironwork I could get; and having cut down the spritsail-yard, and the mizzen-yard, and everything I could, to make a large raft, I loaded it with all these heavy goods, and came away.

title: Citations:cables


text:
Citations:cakes

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Then sweeping away all the embers, I set down my loaf or loaves, and whelming down the earthen pot upon them, drew the embers all round the outside of the pot, to keep in and add to the heat; and thus as well as in the best oven in the world, I baked my barley-loaves, and became in little time a good pastrycook into the bargain; for I made myself several cakes and puddings of the rice; but I made no pies, neither had I anything to put into them supposing I had, except the flesh either of fowls or goats.
 * My second cargo was a great bag of rice, the umbrella to set up over my head for a shade, another large pot of water, and about two dozen of small loaves, or barley cakes, more than before, with a bottle of goat’s milk and a cheese; all which with great labour and sweat I carried to my boat; and praying to God to direct my voyage, I put out, and rowing or paddling the canoe along the shore, came at last to the utmost point of the island on the north-east side.
 * When he came up to me I found he had been quite home for an earthen jug or pot, to bring his father some fresh water, and that he had got two more cakes or loaves of bread: the bread he gave me, but the water he carried to his father; however, as I was very thirsty too, I took a little of it.

title: Citations:cakes


text:
Citations:caking

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Upon this occasion of removing my ammunition I happened to open the barrel of powder which I took up out of the sea, and which had been wet, and I found that the water had penetrated about three or four inches into the powder on every side, which caking and growing hard, had preserved the inside like a kernel in the shell, so that I had near sixty pounds of very good powder in the centre of the cask.

title: Citations:caking


text:
Citations:calculate

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Well, I began this work; and when I began to enter upon it, and calculate how deep it was to be dug, how broad, how the stuff was to be thrown out, I found that, by the number of hands I had, being none but my own, it must have been ten or twelve years before I could have gone through with it; for the shore lay so high, that at the upper end it must have been at least twenty feet deep; so at length, though with great reluctancy, I gave this attempt over also.
 * It is true they might have been there once or twice; but either they made no stay, or at least I did not see them; but in the month of May, as near as I could calculate, and in my four-and-twentieth year, I had a very strange encounter with them; of which in its place.

title: Citations:calculate


text:
Citations:calendar

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Upon the sides of this square post I cut every day a notch with my knife, and every seventh notch was as long again as the rest, and every first day of the month as long again as that long one; and thus I kept my calendar, or weekly, monthly, and yearly reckoning of time.

title: Citations:calendar


text:
Citations:calenture

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Yet even in this voyage I had my misfortunes too; particularly, that I was continually sick, being thrown into a violent calenture by the excessive heat of the climate; our principal trading being upon the coast, from latitude of 15 degrees north even to the line itself.
 * In this distress we had, besides the terror of the storm, one of our men die of the calenture, and one man and the boy washed overboard.

title: Citations:calenture


text:
Citations:calf

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Had I now had the sense to have gone back to Hull, and have gone home, I had been happy, and my father, as in our blessed Saviour’s parable, had even killed the fatted calf for me; for hearing the ship I went away in was cast away in Yarmouth Roads, it was a great while before he had any assurances that I was not drowned.
 * The fellows proved very honest and diligent after they were mastered and had their properties set apart for them. I sent them, also, from the Brazils, five cows, three of them being big with calf, some sheep, and some hogs, which when I came again were considerably increased.

title: Citations:calf


text:
Citations:canal

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Then I measured the distance of ground, and resolved to cut a dock or canal, to bring the water up to the canoe, seeing I could not bring the canoe down to the water.

title: Citations:canal


text:
Citations:wick

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Accordingly, the next day I came provided with six large candles of my own making (for I made very good candles now of goat’s tallow, but was hard set for candle-wick, using sometimes rags or rope-yarn, and sometimes the dried rind of a weed like nettles); and going into this low place I was obliged to creep upon all-fours as I have said, almost ten yards—which, by the way, I thought was a venture bold enough, considering that I knew not how far it might go, nor what was beyond it.

 * 1843, William Newton, The London journal of arts and sciences (and repertory of patent inventions) [afterw.] Newton's London journal of arts and sciences, page 112:
 * To Nathaniel Card, of Manchester, in the County of Lancaster, candle-wick manufacturer, for certain improvements in the manufacture of candle-wick, and in machinery or apparatus for producing such manufacture. — [Sealed 14th January, 1843.] These improvements, in the manufacture of candle-wick, apply particularly to the common or well-known plaited or platted wick, used in candles, for supporting combustion, and consist, Firstly, — in the introduction of one, two, or more straight ...

 * 1843, The Repertory of patent inventions [formerly The Repertory of arts, manufactures and agriculture], vol. 1 - enlarged series, page 293:
 * or woven candle-wick, such wick being made from three or more strands of cotton;

title: Citations:wick


text:
Citations:canes

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * However, we began to increase, and our land began to come into order; so that the third year we planted some tobacco, and made each of us a large piece of ground ready for planting canes in the year to come.

title: Citations:canes


text:
Citations:cannibal

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * I caused Friday to gather all the skulls, bones, flesh, and whatever remained, and lay them together in a heap, and make a great fire upon it, and burn them all to ashes. I found Friday had still a hankering stomach after some of the flesh, and was still a cannibal in his nature; but I showed so much abhorrence at the very thoughts of it, and at the least appearance of it, that he durst not discover it: for I had, by some means, let him know that I would kill him if he offered it.
 * It was remarkable, too, I had but three subjects, and they were of three different religions—my man Friday was a Protestant, his father was a Pagan and a cannibal, and the Spaniard was a Papist.

title: Citations:cannibal


text:
Citations:cannibals

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * Besides, after some thought upon this affair, I considered that if this land was the Spanish coast, I should certainly, one time or other, see some vessel pass or repass one way or other; but if not, then it was the savage coast between the Spanish country and Brazils, where are found the worst of savages; for they are cannibals or men-eaters, and fail not to murder and devour all the human bodies that fall into their hands.
 * But all this while I made no allowance for the dangers of such an undertaking, and how I might fall into the hands of savages, and perhaps such as I might have reason to think far worse than the lions and tigers of Africa: that if I once came in their power, I should run a hazard of more than a thousand to one of being killed, and perhaps of being eaten; for I had heard that the people of the Caribbean coast were cannibals or man-eaters, and I knew by the latitude that I could not be far from that shore.
 * Then, supposing they were not cannibals, yet they might kill me, as many Europeans who had fallen into their hands had been served, even when they had been ten or twenty together—much more I, that was but one, and could make little or no defence; all these things, I say, which I ought to have considered well; and did come into my thoughts afterwards, yet gave me no apprehensions at first, and my head ran mightily upon the thought of getting over to the shore.

title: Citations:cannibals


text:
Citations:canoe

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * He told me, “Yes, yes, you may go in two canoe.” I could not understand what he meant, or make him describe to me what he meant by two canoe, till at last, with great difficulty, I found he meant it must be in a large boat, as big as two canoes.
 * But still I found a strong inclination to attempting my escape, founded on the supposition gathered from the discourse, that there were seventeen bearded men there; and therefore, without any more delay, I went to work with Friday to find out a great tree proper to fell, and make a large periagua, or canoe, to undertake the voyage.
 * After all this was done, I had my man Friday to teach as to what belonged to the navigation of my boat; though he knew very well how to paddle a canoe, he knew nothing of what belonged to a sail and a rudder; and was the most amazed when he saw me work the boat to and again in the sea by the rudder, and how the sail jibed, and filled this way or that way as the course we sailed changed; I say when he saw this he stood like one astonished and amazed.

title: Citations:canoe


text:
Citations:canoes

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * So, after a great deal of time lost in searching for a stone, I gave it over, and resolved to look out for a great block of hard wood, which I found, indeed, much easier; and getting one as big as I had strength to stir, I rounded it, and formed it on the outside with my axe and hatchet, and then with the help of fire and infinite labour, made a hollow place in it, as the Indians in Brazil make their canoes.
 * They had two canoes with them, which they had hauled up upon the shore; and as it was then ebb of tide, they seemed to me to wait for the return of the flood to go away again.
 * And now I found, to my great comfort, how happy it was that I had provided a tame flock or herd of goats, for I durst not upon any account fire my gun, especially near that side of the island where they usually came, lest I should alarm the savages; and if they had fled from me now, I was sure to have them come again with perhaps two or three hundred canoes with them in a few days, and then I knew what to expect.

title: Citations:canoes


text:
Citations:canvas

 * 1719 — Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe.
 * We crowded also as much canvas as our yards would spread, or our masts carry, to get clear; but finding the pirate gained upon us, and would certainly come up with us in a few hours, we prepared to fight; our ship having twelve guns, and the rogue eighteen.
 * In a word, I brought away all the sails, first and last; only that I was fain to cut them in pieces, and bring as much at a time as I could, for they were no more useful to be sails, but as mere canvas only.
 * This was a most difficult thing even to think on, for to be sure I had nothing like the necessary thing to make it—I mean fine thin canvas or stuff to searce the meal through.

title: Citations:canvas


text:
Module talk:affix/templates

"It is often useful to display just one part of the compound and use the template for categorization" Can you give an example of a case like this? —CodeCat 00:23, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * See for example כּלומרשט. Mostly this applies to the template, but I'm sure it could happen with  as well. Anyway, there is no reason to explicitly forbid it. --WikiTiki89 00:25, 20 January 2016 (UTC)

Deitalicization
, : could we edit this module so that prefixsee and its sisters do not italicize words? We don't usually italicize words in bulleted lists (we use l rather than m for them) anyway. At the very least, could we edit this module so that non-Latin characters do not get italicized, just as m doesn't italicize non-Latin characters? —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 19:26, 25 March 2016 (UTC)
 * The only thing that could control the display, that I can see, is the "derivedterms" CSS class. —CodeCat 19:29, 25 March 2016 (UTC)
 * Is it maybe something at Module:compound rather than this subpage? —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 19:51, 25 March 2016 (UTC)
 * That template doesn't use the main module. —CodeCat 20:34, 25 March 2016 (UTC)
 * So how do we fix it? —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 09:58, 26 March 2016 (UTC)
 * Huh, this issue has still not been resolved., Chrome's "inspect" feature tells me that the CSS property of italicization is assigned to the class  in  . Not sure how to access that file. It would be nice if the list of words could have language-appropriate fonts applied to them. — Eru·tuon 09:22, 28 December 2016 (UTC)

Validation
This module needs to validate its parameters to prevent things like. DTLHS (talk) 22:04, 1 August 2017 (UTC)
 * What do you mean by validate? Check if there's an English entry for ? That would be quite expensive. — Eru·tuon 22:16, 1 August 2017 (UTC)
 * No, not accept a language parameter in two different positions (as lang= and as 1) DTLHS (talk) 22:18, 1 August 2017 (UTC)
 * Well, that's so that the possibly hundreds of morphology templates with lang don't break. But I wouldn't have an objection to a bot updating them. — Eru·tuon 22:54, 1 August 2017 (UTC)
 * It is broken, since if you do something like it will be categorized under Category:Lesing-Gelimi words interfixed with -t-. DTLHS (talk) 22:57, 1 August 2017 (UTC)
 * Oh, I didn't notice that. I thought all the templates were able to correctly handle lang; they have code that is intended to do that. — Eru·tuon 23:01, 1 August 2017 (UTC)
 * The idea with was that it was never going to accept the lang parameter, but I guess someone didn't know that and used the parameter anyway.
 * But I agree that Module:compound and Module:compound/templates need updating. Way too much repetition, and it would be great if the template interface functions could use Module:parameters. That may not be currently possible, if Module:parameters can't distinguish between pos and pos N. — Eru·tuon 23:22, 1 August 2017 (UTC)

Module:parameters
I would like to make these templates use Module:parameters, but as you noted above, it's not currently possible because the module treats  and   as equivalent. The module is coded this way because that's how we generally use/name parameters, so the way that these etymology templates name them is actually an exception. Contrast it with how deals with them, by having a prefix. There's two ways we can go about this: Are there any other templates where this is currently an issue? —Rua (mew) 16:15, 3 September 2017 (UTC)
 * 1) Make the parameters fit the standard, i.e. something like what  does, which means renaming existing uses and teaching people that the old way no longer works. That'll obviously upset some people.
 * 2) Modify Module:parameters in some way so that parameters like this can be handled properly.
 * I don't know of any other templates that have the distinction between x and x 1. I'd rather not mess with the parameters of the morphology templates, and instead make Module:parameters accommodate them, unless there is another reason to change the parameters. (For instance, if the parameter names are so confusing that people are using them incorrectly.) — Eru·tuon 21:22, 3 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Ok. Then to solve that problem. The reason that  and   are actually equivalent normally is because the parameter name key is also used as a valid name. So when you do   then because the key is "lang", you automatically get that as a valid parameter name. There is currently no way around this. If you use a pattern like   as the name, meaning that the equals sign stands for a number, then the module strips the equals sign from the name when storing the arguments, so they still end up as "lang". User:Kc kennylau did it this way apparently on purpose, although I don't know why. A consequence of this is that you can actually use   instead of   on . But also that   neatly matches with   on, which is desirable, so we don't want to remove this feature. I suppose fundamentally, the distinction is between list parameters that should allow omission of the number 1, or perhaps even forbid its inclusion (like on ), and list parameters that should require a number (like  and ). —Rua (mew) 22:17, 3 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Yes, we certainly need to have a way to distinguish those two cases. If there are multiple list arguments in a given template, and all of them either require or forbid the number 1, it would be concisest to specify it using an argument. Probably the lua boolean argument should be replaced with a lua table, and then the format of the argument at index 1 can be specified with an option like lua or something.

 * To distinguish the keys of the list and non-list parameters, perhaps we could use : lua and lua, and then have another option to tell Module:parameters not to remove the  . I don't completely like that solution because you have to type   rather than , and it looks clunky. But perhaps there's no other option, for instance a character unlikely to be used in template parameter names, but permitted in Lua names. — Eru·tuon 00:27, 4 September 2017 (UTC)

Proto-Indo-Iranian and Proto-Indo-Aryan roots
Since we have Category:Terms by Proto-Indo-Iranian root by language and Category:Terms by Proto-Indo-Aryan root by language as existing etymology subcategories, at some point s   and   respectively should be added (though I personally don't know exactly what this would need to entail). This would be useful so that templates like, analogous to , can be created to be used in Derived Terms sections of PII and PIA entries. — 69.120.66.131 04:20, 25 November 2021 (UTC)

Alternative text not being handled in the correct order
@Benwing2, there appears to be a problem with the parsing of alternative texts in the affix module when the term links to e.g. Wikipedia, via the w: prefix. See morbillion, where the text is  and the alternative text is. (The template code is  I intended for this to produce a link to the Wikipedia article, but retaining the single-word alternative text, but instead it just reads the entry title without considering the alternative text, apparently. I may try to look at this bug myself, but in the meantime I'm letting you know in case you think it's an easy fix. Kiril kovachev (talk・contribs) 00:31, 28 June 2024 (UTC)

 * @Kiril kovachev I think this is a known bug of sorts in Module:links; the notation is converted internally into  and when this is passed to  in Module:links, the latter ignores the alt value because there's an embedded link in the to-be-linked text that can't be optimized away. I think in this case it actually outputs a debug message indicating that it ignored the alt= value; if you preview the affix template call and look at the bottom of the screen, where it says "Parser profiling data", there should be a section for debug messages, and if you open it up, it should show a message about the ignored alt=. I think you can work around this by writing  or ; the code that handles the  prefix (here: Module:parse utilities) knows about two-part links and handles them correctly. What we should probably eventually do is throw an error when there's an ignored alt= instead of just silently ignoring it, but before doing that we need to introduce tracking (if it's not already there) to see where this is currently handling, so we don't end up with a flood of errors. @Theknightwho for reference, who has worked a lot on Module:links. Benwing2 (talk) 00:43, 28 June 2024 (UTC)
 * I see, thanks, I will try to work around this for now. Kiril kovachev (talk・contribs) 00:57, 28 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Module talk:affix/templates


text: tutoriais

title: tutoriais


text:
ốm

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  ill; sick
 * 2)  skinny; bony

title: ốm


text:
Avilés

Etymology
From.

Translations

 * Asturian:
 * Marathi: आबिलेस
 * Spanish:

title: Avilés


text:
Talk:געווינס

 * Why does he use pani to refer to Sholem Aleykhem? I thought pan was male and pani female. I don't want to create entries for them until I have that sorted out. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 00:55, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * I actually read about this in the introduction to an English translation I have. It said the that Tevye would not have been familiar with the details of Polish grammar, thus confusing (the masculine vocative) with  (the feminine nominative and vocative). I'm not really sure whether  is actually used in Yiddish, nor am I sure whether it was common to use . --WikiTiki89 01:33, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * I'd better ask. Have you resolved the other things I wasn't sure about, or should I ask about those as well? —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 02:19, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * Which things? --WikiTiki89 02:39, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * The declension of schwa-final adjectives, I suppose. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 02:56, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * Oh that's what you meant. Yes, I still want to know. --WikiTiki89 03:57, 20 January 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:געווינס


text:
꽃꽂이

Etymology
🇰🇲, derivative of.

Noun

 * 1) flower arrangement, ikebana

title: 꽃꽂이


text:
이케바나

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) ikebana

title: 이케바나


text:
Staphylinidae

Hypernyms

 * ; Polyphaga - suborder; - infraorder;  - superfamily

Hyponyms

 * ,, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , † - subfamilies
 * ,, , - selected genera

title: Staphylinidae


text:
pusum

Etymology
From, from , from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) chest
 * 2) breast

title: pusum


text:
कूकर

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) dog

title: कूकर


text:
лавра

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  lavra, laura

Noun

 * 1)  lavra, (a large male) monastery

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1)  lavra, (a large male) monastery

title: лавра


text:
держатель

Noun

 * 1)  holder
 * 2)  holder

title: держатель


text: Wiktionary:Foreign Word of the Day/2016/January 21


text:
сопредседатель

Noun

 * 1) co-chair, co-chairman, co-chairperson

title: сопредседатель


text:
производная

Noun

 * 1)  derivative value

title: производная


text:
ढेर

Etymology
. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) mass, pile, heap

title: ढेर


text:
ផោម

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 pʰuˀm and 🇨🇬 phoːm.

Noun

 * 1) fart

Verb

 * 1) to fart

title: ផោម


text:
проволочка

Noun

 * : a little piece of wire

Noun

 * 1) delay, protraction
 * 2)  dressing-down

title: проволочка


text: नई

title: नई


text:
ぬけがら

Noun

 * 1) the molted exoskeleton of an insect or crustacean, exuvia; moult
 * 2) hollowed remains (in general)

title: ぬけがら


text:
головомойка

Noun

 * 1) dressing-down reprimand

title: головомойка


text:
ग़ुसलख़ाना

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) bath, bathroom

title: ग़ुसलख़ाना


text:
ដៀល

Verb

 * 1) to insult, ridicule
 * 2) to blame

title: ដៀល


text:
គំនូរ

Noun

 * 1) painting

title: គំនូរ


text:
រូបភាព

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) image, picture, drawing, photo
 * 2) appearance, form, shape
 * 3) guise, disguise
 * 4) field, domain

title: រូបភាព


text:
дороговизна

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) dearness (being expensive)

Usage notes

 * Often stressed as дороговизна́, which is not recognized by dictionaries.

title: дороговизна


text:
непредсказуемость

Noun

 * 1) unpredictability the quality of being unpredictable

title: непредсказуемость


text:
пресс-центр

Noun

 * 1) press-center

title: пресс-центр


text:
こよい

Noun

 * 1)  this evening, tonight;  last night

title: こよい


text: koyoi

title: koyoi


text:
перегар

Noun

 * 1)  unpleasant smell of (last night's) alcohol

Noun

 * 1) something that has burned
 * 2) smell of something burned
 * 3) unpleasant smell of alcohol

title: перегар


text:
クィディッチ

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) quidditch

title: クィディッチ


text:
Template:Thraupidae Hypernyms

 * Passeri - suborder; Passerida - infraorder; Passeroidea - superfamily; Thraupidae - family

title: Template:Thraupidae Hypernyms


text:
Template:Thraupidae Hypernyms/documentation

This is a typing shortcut intended for use under the Hypernyms header of taxa under Thraupidae. It can also be used with subst:.


text:
サーフィン

Etymology
Borrowing from.

Noun

 * 1) surfing sport

title: サーフィン


text:
キモい

Etymology
Contraction of.

Adjective

 * 1)  gross, disgusting, repulsive
 * 2)  cringeworthy, weird
 * 1)  cringeworthy, weird
 * 1)  cringeworthy, weird

Interjection

 * 1) yuck, ew

title: キモい


text:
宝くじ

Noun

 * 1) lottery

title: 宝くじ


text:
बदमाशी

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) villainy, wickedness
 * 2) mischief

title: बदमाशी


text:
चुनना

Etymology
, from, from , from , from. The -u- in Prakrit perhaps from contamination with. Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to choose, pluck
 * 2) to gather
 * 3) to elect
 * 4) to arrange

title: चुनना


text:
ケーブルテレビ

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) cable TV

title: ケーブルテレビ


text:
निर्वाचन

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) election, ballot
 * 2) selection
 * 1) selection

Noun

 * 1) election

title: निर्वाचन


text:
Talk:диез

Is this supposed to be respelled диэз? Benwing2 (talk) 02:22, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * No. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 02:28, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * What about до диез, which seems to be pronounced with -э-? Benwing2 (talk) 02:42, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * That one is incorrect, at least very uncommon and non-standard. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 03:01, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * Revisiting this one ... Ivanova says [ие́ допуст. иэ́]. Benwing2 (talk) 04:39, 31 May 2017 (UTC)
 * Since this pronunciation is referenced, OK, let's have both. I say "е". --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 05:53, 31 May 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:диез


text:
निर्वाण

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) extinguished, blown out

Noun

 * 1)  nirvana

Etymology
From, past participle of. Cognates of include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,,  and.

Noun

 * 1) blowing out, extinction, cessation, setting, vanishing, disappearance
 * 2)  extinction of the flame of life, dissolution, death or final emancipation from matter and re-union with the Supreme Spirit
 * 3)  absolute extinction or annihilation (= ) of individual existence or of all desires and passions
 * 4)  perfect calm or repose or happiness, highest bliss or beatitude
 * 1)  perfect calm or repose or happiness, highest bliss or beatitude

Descendants

 * Central:

Adjective

 * 1) blown or put out, extinguished (as a lamp or fire), set (as the sun), calmed, quieted, tamed, dead, deceased (lit. having the fire of life extinguished), lost, disappeared
 * 2) immersed, plunged
 * 3) immovable

title: निर्वाण


text:
manau

Noun

 * 1) life

Verb

 * 1) to live

title: manau


text:
amanau

Noun

 * 1) salvation

Verb

 * 1) to save, offer salvation

title: amanau


text:
annuku

Noun

 * 1) to command

Verb

 * 1)  to mount, to climb up

title: annuku


text:
Setan

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Proper noun

 * 1) Satan

title: Setan


text:
manausefan

Noun

 * 1) resurrection

Verb

 * 1) to resurrect, come back to life

title: manausefan


text:
-sefan

Suffix

 * 1) again, another time

title: -sefan


text:
大言壮語

Noun

 * 1) boasting, bragging

Verb

 * 1) boast, brag

title: 大言壮語


text:
achasefan

Suffix

 * 1) atonement

title: achasefan


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/suopmelaš

This is showing a module error, but I can't for the life of me figure out why. I must be missing something obvious, because, as far as I can tell. neither it nor any of the templates or modules it uses has been edited recently. Could you take a look at it?

title: Thread:User talk:CodeCat/suopmelaš


text:
Talk:Lycophyta

 * It's not a misspelling, but what should it be marked as? —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 02:55, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * says it was originally an "orthographic error" for Lycopodiophyta. DCDuring TALK 03:20, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * Wherever I am drawn in taxon entries, there is so much more. DCDuring TALK 03:48, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * Thanks, although the definition still leaves me a mite confused. I've never been good with plants. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 04:18, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * I don't know how to clarify it tersely. The English vernacular names and the component orders (circumscription) seem to be about the same no matter how Lycophyta is placed. Many don't like the term as it is ill-formed. It should be formed using Lycpodi- (Lycopodium) as the stem + -phyta. But many, including the paleontologists (who often cling to fossil terms), like the long-used shorter term. Almost all of the "higher" taxa are subject to a great deal of apparent change in organization, though the circumscriptions change only at the margin. There are some term for which Wikispecies simply presents the views of as many authorities as it can, including the many changes of mind by . DCDuring TALK 06:19, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * Yeah, I've seen both, but, not being a plant person, largely sidestepped it and gotten away with using the vernacular "lycophyte". Taxonomy is both a boon and a curse, I suppose. I reckon a short usage note wouldn't hurt, anyhow. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 06:25, 20 January 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lycophyta


text:
サクソフォーン

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  a saxophone

Usage notes
The form appears to be more common.

title: サクソフォーン


text:
User talk:2601:601:4000:987F:2989:A580:6B2F:423F

is used for syllables like the す in です where the vowel vanishes. It seems like you've been adding pronunciation templates with this left in, so I thought I should let you know that it actually does something (or at least, not what you think it does) (｀・ω・´)ノ —suzukaze (t・c) 03:08, 20 January 2016 (UTC)


text:
нервничать

Verb

 * 1) to be nervous, to feel nervous

title: нервничать


text:
וווּהין

Etymology
Compare 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1) whither, to where

title: וווּהין


text: выполняться

title: выполняться


text:
no tea, no shade

Etymology
See and.

title: no tea, no shade


text:
поистине

Adverb

 * 1)  truly, indeed, in truth

title: поистине


text:
וואַנען

Adverb

 * 1) where

title: וואַנען


text:
דאַנען

Etymology
From ; compare 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1) there

title: דאַנען


text:
𢧚

Han character

 * 1)  should, ought to (the speaker intends for the subject to execute the sentence predicate)
 * 2) to become

Han character

 * 1) should, ought to

title: 𢧚


text:
овладеть

Verb

 * 1) to seize, to capture, to become the owner of
 * 2)  to overcome
 * 3) to get control over, to dominate
 * 4) to master, to become proficient at

title: овладеть


text:
សំនួរ

Noun

 * 1) question, interrogation
 * 2) asking, questioning
 * 1) asking, questioning

title: សំនួរ


text:
אַהין

Etymology
From, from. The first syllable is from a prefixed syllable - as in from  (see ). Compare 🇨🇬 and early modern 🇨🇬.

Adverb

 * 1) thither, to there

title: אַהין


text:
ပုစ္ဆာ

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) question

title: ပုစ္ဆာ


text:
အမေး

Noun

 * 1) question

title: အမေး


text:
Talk:ого

Something didn't work, it shows "v" -. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 03:42, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * Oops. Fixed. Benwing2 (talk) 04:16, 20 January 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:ого


text:
winangali

Verb

 * 1) hear
 * 2) listen

title: winangali


text:
ケーブルネットワーク

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) cable network (as in a channel for cable television)

title: ケーブルネットワーク


text:
garay guwaali

Verb

 * 1) speak

title: garay guwaali


text:
шекель

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) sheqel, shekel currency unit in Israel

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) shekel Israeli currency
 * 2)  shekel Ancient Mesopotamian currency
 * 3)  Money in general.

title: шекель


text:
garay

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) a verse; a poetic form or composition
 * 2) a rhyme

Etymology 2
From.

Noun

 * 1)  a warship by the Iranun and Banguigui people

Noun

 * 1) word

Noun

 * 1) borrowed dowry

Noun

 * 1) a type of ancient sailboat

title: garay


text:
Việt kiều

Etymology
.

Usage notes
This term is variously considered to be derogatory, pejorative, or neutral by Overseas Vietnamese, who generally do not self-identify as such.

title: Việt kiều


text:
Talk:ფოლორცი

, looks like you made a thinko in the etymology. Is it from Armenian or Old Armenian? —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 04:24, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * It's from Old Armenian, because is nowadays [ʁ]. Thanks for bringing this up. --Vahag (talk) 08:44, 20 January 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:ფოლორცი


text:
តលភូមិ

Etymology
From +, from  +.

Noun

 * 1) floor; floorboard

title: តលភូមិ


text:
ພື້ນ

Etymology
(Jonsson, 1991), from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) floor
 * 2) history, origin, background

title: ພື້ນ


text:
พื้น

Etymology
(Jonsson, 1991), from. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. Cognate via Chinese: 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) floor lower part of a room; ground.
 * 2) foundation; basis.
 * 3)  floor function.

title: พื้น


text:
အမိုး

Noun

 * 1) roof

title: အမိုး


text:
çati

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  roof

title: çati


text:
tuanui

Noun

 * 1) roof

title: tuanui


text:
giltzarrapo

Noun

 * 1) padlock

title: giltzarrapo


text:
פֿריִער

Adverb

 * 1) first before anything else

title: פֿריִער


text:
User talk:Maesupremacy

Additor
Additor is a wiki-based social media that users can add ideas directly to any web page.

title: User talk:Maesupremacy


text:
ແມ່ກະແຈ

Etymology
🇰🇲; Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬

Noun

 * 1) lock

title: ແມ່ກະແຈ


text:
ໃສ່ກະແຈ

Etymology
🇰🇲

Verb

 * 1) to lock

title: ໃສ່ກະແຈ


text:
ໃສ່

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 or, 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to wear, to put on

title: ໃສ່


text: bilem

title: bilem


text:
manzana octli

Alternative forms

 * mãçana octli,

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) it is an alcoholic drink made from fermented apple juice; hard cider

title: manzana octli


text:
ໄຂກະແຈ

Etymology
Fr 🇰🇲

Verb

 * 1) to unlock

title: ໄຂກະແຈ


text: nonheterosexual

title: nonheterosexual


text:
באַהאַלטן

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to hide
 * 2)  to hide

title: באַהאַלטן


text: ordinii

title: ordinii


text: Category:Romanian rhymes/a-

title: Category:Romanian rhymes/a-


text:
צו גאַסט

Adverb

 * 1)  for a visit

title: צו גאַסט


text:
Talk:צו גאַסט

 * Do you think we should create a to replace this kind of note? —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 06:07, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * Probably yes, but I think in this case, the whole entry should be moved to . While Google Booksing this, I came across things like דער פעטער איז דאָךּ ביי אונז צו גאַסט!. --WikiTiki89 16:06, 20 January 2016 (UTC)
 * I've written this note elsewhere, but I guess you're right on this one. I'll move it. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 21:39, 20 January 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:צו גאַסט


text:
kuvia kumartamaton

Adjective

 * 1)  irreverent courageous, straightforward, saucy, having mass appeal, but likely to offend; challenging the status quo, rocking the boat

title: kuvia kumartamaton


text:
גאַסט

Etymology
From and.

Noun

 * 1) guest recipient of hospitality

title: גאַסט


text:
República Gabonesa

Proper noun

 * 1) Gabonese Republic

title: República Gabonesa


text:
tripack

Noun

 * 1)  Film that has three emulsions sensitive to red, green, or blue stacked on top of one another.

title: tripack


text:
ガボン人

Noun

 * 1) a Gabonese person; a person from Gabon

title: ガボン人


text:
טורמע

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) prison place of long-term confinement for those convicted of serious crimes

title: טורמע


text:
תּפֿיסה

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) prison place of long-term confinement for those convicted of serious crimes

title: תּפֿיסה


text: Rhymes:Romanian/at͡sʲ

title: Rhymes:Romanian/at͡sʲ


text: ferrotyped

title: ferrotyped


text: ferrotyping

title: ferrotyping


text:
postapocalypse

Noun

 * 1) The time after the apocalypse.

title: postapocalypse


text: post-apocalypse

title: post-apocalypse


text: post-apocalypses

title: post-apocalypses


text: postapocalypses

title: postapocalypses


text: 宝籤

title: 宝籤


text:
Thread:User talk:CodeCat/brandspuit

Hi,

Do you mind making an entry for brandspuit. The Russian word is derived from but not sure if the senses match. Can it also mean "water canon" (by extension). I'll have to double-check the exact Russian meaning as well. It seems to be used broadly.

title: Thread:User talk:CodeCat/brandspuit


text: パロディー

title: パロディー


text:
ストリーキング

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) streaking running naked through a public area

Verb

 * 1) to go streaking

title: ストリーキング


text:
объебос

Noun

 * 1)  raver, someone who goes out on rave parties.
 * 2)  junkie, drunkard, someone in a very intoxicated state.

title: объебос


text:
minoritarianism

Noun

 * 1) A political structure or process in which a minority segment of a population has a certain degree of primacy in that entity's decision making.

title: minoritarianism


text: minoritarianisms

title: minoritarianisms


text:
тараҡ

Etymology
From ; cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) comb

title: тараҡ


text: объебосы

title: объебосы


text:
minoritarian

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * of, or related to minoritarianism

Translations

 * Russian:

Noun

 * 1) one who is in minority

Translations

 * Russian:

title: minoritarian


text: minoritarians

title: minoritarians


text:
говнарь

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  a member of a punk and rock-music subculture in Russia but despises other styles and foreign music

title: говнарь


text:
Talk:women-men

NB my comment on Talk:woman-man. - -sche (discuss) 08:29, 20 January 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:women-men


text:
Talk:men-women

NB my comment on Talk:man-woman. - -sche (discuss) 08:29, 20 January 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:men-women


text:
krabli

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Verb

 * 1)  to move, to

title: krabli


text: ristaurando

title: ristaurando


text: ristaurante

title: ristaurante


text: ristaurato

title: ristaurato


text: ristaurati

title: ristaurati


text: ristaurata

title: ristaurata


text: ristauro

title: ristauro


text: ristauri

title: ristauri


text: ristaura

title: ristaura


text: ristauriamo

title: ristauriamo


text: ristaurate

title: ristaurate


text: ristaurano

title: ristaurano


text: ristauravo

title: ristauravo


text: ristauravi

title: ristauravi


text: ristaurava

title: ristaurava


text: ristauravamo

title: ristauravamo


text: ristauravate

title: ristauravate


text: ristauravano

title: ristauravano


text: ristaurai

title: ristaurai


text: ristaurasti

title: ristaurasti


text: ristaurò

title: ristaurò


text: ristaurammo

title: ristaurammo


text: ristauraste

title: ristauraste


text: ristaurarono

title: ristaurarono


text: ristaurerò

title: ristaurerò


text: ristaurerai

title: ristaurerai


text: ristaurerà

title: ristaurerà


text: ristaureremo

title: ristaureremo


text: ristaurerete

title: ristaurerete


text: ristaureranno

title: ristaureranno


text: ristaurerei

title: ristaurerei


text: ristaureresti

title: ristaureresti


text: ristaurerebbe

title: ristaurerebbe


text: ristaureremmo

title: ristaureremmo


text: ristaurereste

title: ristaurereste


text: ristaurerebbero

title: ristaurerebbero


text: ristauriate

title: ristauriate


text: ristaurino

title: ristaurino


text: ristaurassi

title: ristaurassi


text: ristaurasse

title: ristaurasse


text: ristaurassimo

title: ristaurassimo


text: ristaurassero

title: ristaurassero


text:
نظریان

Etymology
In case of Armenian surnames, from.

Proper noun

 * 1) . Nazarian, Nazariyan

title: نظریان


text: կողպէք

title: կողպէք


text:
Talk:Тогане

(moved to Module talk:ru-pron)

title: Talk:Тогане


text:
apalis

Etymology
From the genus name.

Noun

 * 1) Any of several species of birds in the genus.

title: apalis


text:
брандспойт

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) fire pump
 * 2) hose mouthpiece
 * 3) nose-piece
 * 4) water cannon

title: брандспойт


text:
infantilizer

Noun

 * 1)  A person who infantilizes others.

title: infantilizer


text:
дротик

Noun

 * 1) dart sharp-pointed missile weapon
 * 2) javelin, spear

title: дротик


title: gun2


text:
передовая

Noun

 * 1) leading article, leader, editorial
 * 2)  frontline

title: передовая


text:
ill-fortune

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) Bad luck; misfortune

title: ill-fortune


title: gung1


text: hyperlexics

title: hyperlexics


text:
закуток

Etymology 1
.

Noun

 * 1) nook hidden or secluded spot
 * 2) (a little) corner, nook

Etymology
Related to.

Noun

 * 1) (small) corner, nook, nook and cranny
 * 2) corner, nook hidden or secluded spot
 * 3) corner

title: закуток


text: infantilizers

title: infantilizers


title: gung6


text:
anthropomimetic

Adjective

 * 1)  Mimicking human physical movements at a structural level.

title: anthropomimetic


text: self-righted

title: self-righted


text:
cocompactness

Noun

 * 1) The property of being cocompact.

title: cocompactness


text:
erraticity

Noun

 * 1) erraticness

title: erraticity


text: erraticities

title: erraticities


title: gung2


text:
noncontacting

Adjective

 * 1) Not making contact.

title: noncontacting


text: trikket

title: trikket


text:
subtheory

Noun

 * 1) A theory forming part of a larger theory.

title: subtheory


text: subtheories

title: subtheories


text:
автодорога

Noun

 * 1) highway

title: автодорога


title: gung3


text:
isospinorial

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to an isospinor.

title: isospinorial


text:
amygdalocortical

Adjective

 * 1)  Relating to the amygdala and the cerebral cortex.

title: amygdalocortical


text:
biofidelity

Noun

 * 1) The degree of faithfulness of a model to the real biological system it is based on.

title: biofidelity


text:
bivariately

Adverb

 * 1) In a bivariate manner.

title: bivariately


text:
Junggesellenabschied

Noun

 * 1) stag party, bachelor party party organized for a husband by his, usually only male, friends

title: Junggesellenabschied


text:
multivariately

Adverb

 * 1) In a multivariate manner.

title: multivariately


title: gut2


text:
Junggesellinnenabschied

Noun

 * 1) hen party, bachelorette party party organized for a bride by her, usually only female, friends

title: Junggesellinnenabschied


text:
hemiretinal

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to a hemiretina.

title: hemiretinal


text: hemiretinas

title: hemiretinas


title: gut4


title: gut6


text:
heterotransplant

Etymology
From.

Related terms

 * heterotransplantation

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) heterograft

title: heterotransplant


text: heterotransplants

title: heterotransplants


text:
foresex

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) Activity, often sexual in nature, prior to or leading up to sexual intercourse; foreplay

title: foresex


text:
immunospot

Noun

 * 1) Any of the spots resulting from a biochemical assay used to monitor cellular immune responses.

title: immunospot


text: immunospots

title: immunospots


text:
indigoidine

Noun

 * 1) A blue pigment found in  and certain other bacteria.

title: indigoidine


text:
intercorneocyte

Adjective

 * 1) Between corneocytes.

title: intercorneocyte


text:
kobresia

Etymology
From the genus name.

Noun

 * 1)  Any member of the genus  of plants in the sedge family.

title: kobresia


text: kobresias

title: kobresias


text:
multinodularity

Noun

 * 1) The property of being multinodular.

title: multinodularity


text:
presurgically

Adverb

 * 1) Prior to surgery.

title: presurgically


text:
somatotyping

Noun

 * 1) The process of determining somatotypes.

title: somatotyping


text: somatotyped

title: somatotyped


text:
xerothermophilous

Adjective

 * 1) Both thermophilous and xerophilous.

title: xerothermophilous


text: censorists

title: censorists


text: pan-sexual

title: pan-sexual


text:
stoffelijk overschot

Noun

 * 1)  remains (of corpses)

title: stoffelijk overschot


title: guk1


title: guk6


title: goe1


title: goe3


text:
xuýt

Adverb

 * 1) nearly

title: xuýt


text:
catastrophic interference

Noun

 * 1) The tendency of an artificial neural network to forget previously learned information completely and abruptly upon learning new information.

title: catastrophic interference


text:
nanoélectronique

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) nanoelectronic

title: nanoélectronique


text:
xổ số

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1)  lottery

title: xổ số


text: catastrophic forgetting

title: catastrophic forgetting


text:
nanoelettronico

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) nanoelectronic

title: nanoelettronico


text:
nazification

Noun

 * 1) Nazification

title: nazification


text:
nazificazione

Noun

 * 1) Nazification

title: nazificazione


text:
opératif

Etymology
, from.

Adjective

 * 1) operative

title: opératif


text:
ປ່ຽງ

Noun

 * 1) piece, slice

title: ປ່ຽງ


title: geoi3


text: parlers

title: parlers


text:
ຕ່ອນ

Noun

 * 1) piece

title: ຕ່ອນ


title: geoi2


text:
protocelte

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) Proto-Celtic

title: protocelte


title: geoi6


text:
User:Lingo Bingo Dingo

A great silence would scare any linguist away.

Hello, I'm Lingo Bingo Dingo, or "LBD" or any one of the three components for short.

My interests are in West-Germanic and Semitic languages and in some of the older conlangs. My main activity is adding new lemmas and checking/updating existing lemmas, particularly in Dutch. Things I like to add are words with multiple etymologies, calques, heteronyms, obsolete terms and citations.

My native language is Dutch and I speak a Hollandic dialect. Maybe I'll one day add an idiolect section.

Beside the languages indicated in my Babel box, I also have some knowledge of Latin, Ancient Greek, Coptic and Biblical Hebrew.

 * User:Lingo Bingo Dingo/FWOTD
 * User:Lingo Bingo Dingo/FWOTD help
 * User:Lingo Bingo Dingo/Indonesian/Word list

Some entries I've created
English: Dutch: Afrikaans: German: West Frisian:

Dutch
Useful links:
 * Delpher (digital newspaper corpus)
 * DBNL (text database)
 * Etymologiebank (etymological database)
 * Geïntegreerde Taalbank (dictionaries for Dutch (also Old and Middle Dutch) and West-Frisian)
 * Meertens Dialectwoordenboeken (dialect dictionaries, unfortunately restricted to dialects in the Netherlands)

Things to do:
 * Remove usage examples by Verbo that reference to spanking minors, per WT:USEX, "be friendly".
 * Many common words of one or two syllables still lack IPA transcriptions.
 * A lot of senses need to be tagged or.
 * Many etymologies that present terms as borrowed from French were in fact borrowed from Middle French or Old French, and may therefore have been inherited from a Middle Dutch word.
 * Some definitions by Verbo contain non-extant literal senses or obsolete or incorrect scientific names.
 * Many IPA transcriptions give supposedly phonemic distinctions between Belgian Dutch and Dutch Dutch that are spurious and completely useless, these often contain serious errors as well.

Also, Dutch terms that derive from German are often included with exclusively Dutch etymologies, which are in fact their surface analyses. This is in particular the case for compounds and requires some special attention.

Volapük
If you want to check whether Volapük forms are attested, I recommend Wikisource.

German

 * Deutsches Textarchiv

Ido
Useful links:
 * Scans (PDF format) at Generala Ido-Libreyo.
 * Gallica for L'Espérantiste/Langue Auxiliaire.
 * One issue of Nia Standardo.

Testimonial

 * it is clearly a racist opinion of User:Lingo_Bingo_Dingo
 * IP contributor in an edit summary

Oxic oxymorons

 * The Economist about a Brexit scenario: "It would be a purer but rather powerless sort of sovereignty."
 * Simon Jenkins in The Guardian picturing the political response to the Brussels bombings from the attackers' perspective: "Crowned heads deluged me with glorious odium."

.

 * Walter Scott, "The Gay Goss-hawk", The poetical works of Sir Walter Scott: first series, containing Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border, Sir Tristrem, and Dramatic Pieces, Baudry's European Library (publ.), 1838, page 189.
 * "en"

- She has ta'en her to her bigly bour / As fast as she could fare; / And she has drank a sleepy draught, / That she had mix'd wi' care.

 *
 * als je wat wil bijverdienen

title: User:Lingo Bingo Dingo


text: retransférant

title: retransférant


text: retransféré

title: retransféré


text: retransfère

title: retransfère


text: retransfères

title: retransfères


text: retransférons

title: retransférons


text: retransférez

title: retransférez


text:
retransférer

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to retransfer (transfer again)

title: retransférer


text: retransfèrent

title: retransfèrent


text: retransférais

title: retransférais


text: retransférait

title: retransférait


text: retransférions

title: retransférions


text: retransfériez

title: retransfériez


text: retransféraient

title: retransféraient


text: retransférai

title: retransférai


text: retransféras

title: retransféras


text: retransféra

title: retransféra


text: retransférâmes

title: retransférâmes


text: retransférâtes

title: retransférâtes


text: retransférèrent

title: retransférèrent


text: retransférerai

title: retransférerai


text: retransfèrerai

title: retransfèrerai


text: retransféreras

title: retransféreras


text: retransfèreras

title: retransfèreras


text: retransférera

title: retransférera


text: retransfèrera

title: retransfèrera


text: retransférerons

title: retransférerons


text: retransfèrerons

title: retransfèrerons


text: retransférerez

title: retransférerez


text: retransfèrerez

title: retransfèrerez


text:
зүсэм

Noun

 * 1) slice, cut, piece

title: зүсэм


text: retransféreront

title: retransféreront


text: retransfèreront

title: retransfèreront


text: retransférerais

title: retransférerais


text: retransfèrerais

title: retransfèrerais


text: retransférerait

title: retransférerait


text: retransfèrerait

title: retransfèrerait