text:
Talk:Arnold Mathew

A Catholic does not fulfill a Mass obligation by attending a non-Catholic Mass
This sentence is false: "It is generally suggested that Roman Catholics may fulfill their Holy Day of Obligation by attending Mass celebrated by an Old Roman Catholic priest if unable to attend a Roman Catholic Mass." This sentence is supported with commentary about Canon 844 which is incorrectly applied to the unrelated case about Canons 1247 and 1248.

Two parallel codes of law are used in the Catholic Church. The 1983 Code of Canon Law (1983CIC) pertains only to the Latin Church while the parallel laws which pertain to the other sui iuris Churches which collectively make up the Eastern Catholic Churches in the Catholic Church are contained within the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches (CCEO). Some Canons are the same, for example, 1983CIC Canon 844 and CCEO Canon 671 are parallel laws.

1983CIC and canon law commentaries are clear about two distinct activities:
 * Canon 1247 and 1248 §1 are about Mass participation.
 * Canon 844 § 2 and 844 § 5 are about the licit reception of certain sacraments from non-Catholic ministers in whose Churches these sacraments are valid.

1983CIC Canon 1247 states: "On Sundays and other holy days of obligation, the faithful are obliged to participate in the Mass." "Those who have just reason for missing Mass on Sundays or holy days on a regular basis should seek a dispensation, or preferably a commutation, in accord with canon 1245," Beal et al. comments, but "those who find it impossible, or impossible without serious inconvenience, in individual instances are morally excused from the observation of the obligation and need not seek a dispensation."

1983CIC Canon 1248 §1 states: "[...] a Mass celebrated anywhere in a Catholic rite [...] satisfies the obligation of participating in the Mass." , Beal et al. explains, "but not in a church which is not in full communion with the Catholic Church, although using a Catholic liturgical rite." Old Catholic churches are categorized as non-Catholic churches by the Catholic Church, because they are not in full communion with the Catholic Church; likewise, Old Catholic ministers are categorized as non-Catholic ministers by the Catholic Church, because they are not in full communion with the Catholic Church.

1983CIC Canon 1248 §2 states: "If participation in the eucharistic celebration becomes impossible because of the absence of a sacred minister or for another grave cause, it is strongly recommended that the faithful take part in a liturgy of the word if such a liturgy is celebrated in a parish church or other sacred place according to the prescripts of the diocesan bishop or that they devote themselves to prayer for a suitable time alone, as a family, or, as the occasion permits, in groups of families." Beal et al. explains that this "is a recommendation, not a binding obligation."

The 1993 Directory for the application of principles and norms on ecumenism states: "It is not advisable therefore to organize ecumenical services on Sundays, and it must be remembered that even when Catholics participate in ecumenical services or in services of other Churches and ecclesial Communities, the obligation of participating at Mass on these days remains."

--BoBoMisiu (talk) 19:28, 4 February 2014 (UTC)

Mathew's reception into orthodoxy
Dogface's 2003 that more information about Mathew can be found on oldcatholic.com. One interesting item, found in the Wayback Machine archive of the defunct oldcatholic.com, is a purported 1911 letter accepting Mathew into communion from Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch Archbishop Gerassimos Messara, Metropolitan of Beirut, with anonymous translation into English. The letter is incorrectly identified, on the defunct oldcatholic.com, as "the official response from the Syrian Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch, communicated by the Metropolitan of Beirut". Messara was a (an Eastern Orthodox Church) bishop not a  (an Oriental Orthodox Church) bishop.

A reading of the this translation is problematic:
 * It only states that an unspecified "oath of fidelity" was pledged by an unnamed convert.
 * It does not specify who was received. The convert is nameless.
 * It does not specify what the unnamed convert was received into or the type of relationship that the unnamed convert now has.
 * It does not specify what the unnamed convert pledged in the unspecified "oath of fidelity" or how to cross reference that unspecified "oath of fidelity", i.e. there is no way to internally connect this document to another document.
 * The translation does not mention that either a church or a congregation were received.
 * No citation is given for the origin of the translation.

Messara's two actions in this translation, "I receive you among us" and "I accept your oath of fidelity to His Beatitude the Orthodox Patriarch and his Holy Synod of Antioch", certainly doesn't read like anything other than a written receipt from Messara to Mathew after accepting a written statement (libellus) from Mathew submitted to Massara as part of Mathew's reception into orthodoxy. David Heith-Stade wrote, in Studia Canonica, that a convert's written statement is a norm for receiving a convert into an Orthodox Church. This practice can be seen, for example, in the First Council of Constantinople canon 7 which requires a written recantation from heretics received into the Church.

During the 1913 trial, F. E. Smith, 1st Earl of Birkenhead asked Mathew, "In communicating with the Russian Church did you tell them that you had neither a church nor a congregation?" Mathew responded, "The Russian priests in London knew my position." He testified that there were two unsuccessful petitions to the Russian Orthodox Church. In court testimony, Mathew "said he also approached" Messara "with regard to union" and that Uxkull bought a house and a church for Mathew's movement but prior to the trial she wanted the properties back. Smith asked, "On the grounds that you obtained them by inaccurate statements?" Mathew's attorney objected and the judge ordered Smith to "not press the matter further".

The Patriarch "authorized the London Guardian to deny" that Mathew was received into communion and "as the Patriarch seems to have repudiated his [Messara's] action it is valueless except as a record of human folly" and Mathew remained "apparently unattached" in 1912.

--BoBoMisiu (talk) 03:36, 11 April 2014 (UTC)

Old Catholic Church of British Columbia sacraments
The Archdiocese of Quebec statement does not imply that Claude Lacroix's ordination is valid through Mathew. It only states that:
 * The Old Catholic Church of British Columbia (OCCBC) "is a Christian Church which is not in full communion with the Roman Catholic Church" and "Father Lacroix is actually a validly ordained priest who always identifies himself as being a priest of the" OCCBC.
 * "Roman Catholics who decide to turn to Father Lacroix for services" must follow 1983 CIC Canon 844.
 * "With respect to the baptisms administered by Father Lacroix, they are valid."
 * Depending into which parish's register the parents decide to have the Act of Baptism inscribed, the child will be considered, by the Roman Catholic Church, either incorporated into the Roman Catholic Church or the other religious denomination. If the parents decide that the child is Roman Catholic, then "an Act of Baptism must be entered in the register of the Roman Catholic parish in order to make official the child's membership in the Roman Catholic Church and to insure that future marginal notations will be inscribed."
 * The "certificates of baptism given out by the Old Catholic Church of B.C. may be accepted for the inscription of children to First Communion and Confirmation program."
 * For the "canonical form of marriage", "their marriage must be celebrated before a Roman Catholic minister and in the presence of two witnesses. If two Roman Catholics marry before an ordained minister belonging to another religious denomination, as in the case of the Old Catholic Church of B.C., their marriage is invalid from a religious point of view." --BoBoMisiu (talk) 13:59, 5 April 2014 (UTC)

Frederick Linale
The disputed content does not imply that Frederick Linale's ordination is valid through Mathew. --BoBoMisiu (talk) 14:00, 5 April 2014 (UTC)

Content and  by User:Periti, which stated that Linale "obtained a declaration from Rome confirming the validity of his Orders in 1962" is contradicted by Independent Bishops which states that Linale "[...] entered the Roman Catholic Church at age 17. He was ordained priest on August 23, 1966, and consecrated on June 29, 1969, by Gerard George Shelley of the Old Roman Catholic Church in England."

--BoBoMisiu (talk) 01:00, 6 June 2014 (UTC)

André Letellier
In Gagnon's letter about Letellier, Gagnon states that "it is not my intention to rule on the reports of the organization" and that "nothing allows me to doubt the validity of episcopal ordination", i.e. he states he is not a competent authority to judge Letellier's case. What was the report and what was its content?

Gagnon's letter lists this Letellier consecration back to Brearley in the 1950s but not to Mathew. It is unknown from this response letter, about which of Brearley's potential lines of apostolic succession Gagnon was writing about because Brearley was also consecrated sub conditione by others.--BoBoMisiu (talk) 17:46, 12 April 2014 (UTC)

Rite
That "Old Roman Catholic jurisdictions have consistently employed the Tridentine Ordinal and Roman Pontifical for the conferral of ordinations and the consecration of bishops. This was the case with the See of Utrecht right up to and some years beyond the consecration of Mathew himself, without any alterations to the ceremonies. Mathew's Old Catholic Missal & Ritual contains his English translation of the Roman Pontifical; and, either this or the original Latin is used in all Old Roman Catholic ceremonies still to this day, even by those jurisdictions who permit modern liturgies for the Mass." is a post hoc ergo propter hoc fallacy because using a rite found in any particular liturgical book does not cause the rite to be administered correctly. It is also a straw man because lack of a correctly administered rite was not a reason for the IBC annulment declaration.

The Month related that Mathew "publicly stated in the The Occult Review that 'an essential part of the service was inadvertently admitted during one of his consecrations. "The elements omitted do not seem to have been of a very vital character."
 * Was this publicly acknowledged deficiency the only ordination or consecration that Mathew incorrectly conferred?
 * Would "prudent doubt" exist in a 21st century "diligent inquiry", under the Latin Church's 1983CIC canon 845 §2, whether the ordinations Mathew conferred "were actually or validly conferred"?
 * Would a lack of "prudent doubt" constitute indifferentism, under 1983CIC canon 844, if a Latin Church recipient were to approach a minister whose orders originated through Mathew for a sacrament?

Questioning the sacramental minister's intention "to do what the Church does" is a straw man because Gul's lack of intention to administer the rite was not a reason for the IBC annulment declaration.

--BoBoMisiu (talk) 17:51, 12 April 2014 (UTC)

Licit or illicit

 * Mathew's consecration was declared invalid by the IBC this renders any arguments about licitness irrelevant. So the following three points about those churches are red herrings:
 * "The canonical dispute between the Holy See and the See of Utrecht about whether the Ultrajectine See could elect its own bishops was never canonically, i.e. legally, concluded."
 * "Pius IX ignored 'due process' and erected an uncanonical hierarchy in Holland in 1853."
 * "Thus, it is arguably only just according to canonical principles to assume that the inalienable right granted by Papal Bull of Pope Eugene III is still extant and in effect."
 * These three points, which are not specific to Mathew or his movement, could be developed in the Old Catholic Church article.

 * That "Gul consecrated and commissioned Mathew as a bishop in accordance with the norms of universal ecclesiastical law, nominating and electing him to a title." is incorrect because, in the scheme, regardless of who orchestrated it, Mathew was purportedly nominated and elected by a synod representing eight communities with 17 priests (none of which existed in reality) which were purportedly organized into a new Old Catholic Church in England; it is also incorrect because Mathew was consecrated for that new church, which became a member church of the UU – he was a signatory of the UU's Convention of Utrecht which consists of the Declaration of Utrecht, the Regulations (Reglement) and the Agreement (Vereinbarung), he was consecrated in accordance with the norms of the Convention of Utrecht.

 * Mathew's consecration in 1908 and Mathew's secession from the UU in 1910 are two separate events; only what Mathew did prior to or during his consecration affected its validity and licitness of his consecration.

 * Mathew was not a bishop of any of the other member churches of the UU, it is unclear if he or his organization even accepted any early church canons. For example, the article does not mention if any disciplines legislated by ecumenical councils, such as the canons legislated by the Synod of Antioch in 341, one of the ancient church councils, and included in the code accepted at the Council of Chalcedon in 451 as authoritative and approved by Pope Zachary and Pope Nicholas I were followed. The 341 Synod of Antioch canon 19 and canon 23 seem to be relevant because Mathew separated from his synod of bishops, i.e. the UU's IBC. The canons are found in the CIC and Zeger Bernhard van Espen's commentaries. Denver Cummings' English language translation of the 341 Synod of Antioch canon 19, in The Rudder, is:
 * Other English language translations of these canons were made. Howard translated that "if it be done otherwise, against anything that hath been determined, the Laying on of Hands shall not be confirmed." Percival translated that "if it should be done contrary to these decrees, the ordination shall be of no force." The Latin in van Espen is: 'Quod si secus contra definita faetum fuerit, nullas ordinatio vires habeat''."

 * John Zonaras commented on 341 Synod of Antioch canon 19 that "it must be noted that by ordination in this place is meant election and the laying on of the bishop's hand." Theodore Balsamon commented on 341 Synod of Antioch canon 19 that the method of choosing a bishop was legislated in the 325 First Council of Nicaea canon 4, but the 341 Synod of Antioch canon 19 "adds the provision that an election which takes place in violation of the provisions of this decree is null and invalid: [...] But when you hear this canon saying that there should be no election without the presence of the Metropolitan, you must not say that he ought to be present at an election (for this was prohibited, as is found written in other canons) but rather say that his presence here is a permission or persuasion, without which no election could take place." While in Cummings, "There is but little difference between this Canon and" First Council of Nicaea canon 4. [...] "If an ordination be conducted in any other manner, let it be of no effect, or, in other words, let it be null and void, But if it has been conducted in such a manner and has received the vote of a majority, but there, be some who object to the ordination, not on any reasonable ground, but out of quarrelsomeness and spite, the opinion of those some shall be of no effect, and the majority vote shall have effect and prevail, just as is asserted also in" First Council of Nicaea canon 4.

 * Cummings' translation of the 341 Synod of Antioch canon 23 is:
 * Howard translated that "if any such thing be done, the Laying on of Hands shall be null." Percival translated that "if any such thing should be done, the appointment shall be void."

 * That "The term episcopi vagantes ought not be applied to the Old Roman Catholic Church, in all its duly constituted and canonically governed ecclesial communities around the world, nor particularly its bishops," is a red herring, about a different subject, because the declared invalidity of Mathew's consecration does not affect how the term episcopi vagantes is applied to other individuals.

--BoBoMisiu (talk) 21:57, 12 April 2014 (UTC)

Utrecht denial
The title of this section, "Utrecht denial", is misleading in my opinion; it should be "Annulment of consecration" or "Declaration of nullity". There is no denial that a ritual was performed – the fact is that the churches who consecrated Mathew judged and declared that his consecration was invalid because of deception, i.e. the consecration was declared null and void because of deliberate deceit to obtain the consent of the bishops. The distinction is that a ritual was performed by a bishop with intention to perform the ritual but the sacrament was never in fact conferred because of a failure to meet the requirements and thus a consecration never existed.

 * The statement that "The suggestion was that the petition [...] was false in its premise [...] and thus the consecration was invalid," is a fallacy of the single cause because only the petition is considered as a cause while other causes are ignored. The petition is just evidence of the deception. Herzog listed the following parts of the deception:
 * Name of the "Central Authority"
 * Mathew's handwritten list of the names of the eight "Parishes Organised"
 * Names of the clergy of each parish
 * Names of the trustees of each parish
 * Names of 16 lay people and 17 clergy who served as members of the 18 February 1908 synod in Chelsfield which elected Mathew
 * 13 March 1908 letter requesting the consecration of bishop-elect Mathew signed by three laymen and three clergy including O'Halloran
 * After his consecration, Mathew admitted that the seventeen priests and the eight congregations did not exist in reality and, as Mathew admitted, that the documents submitted to Herzog were in fact fraudulent.
 * Similar propaganda, written by Arthur Galton, the domestic chaplain of the Church of England's Bishop of Ripon, William Boyd Carpenter, about a fictitious group of rebellious Catholic priests was refuted in 1902; there was no evidence of their existence either; O'Halloran was involved and described himself at the time as the "subsidiary bishop-elect" of Ealing.   In 1897, Cardinal Herbert Vaughan, Archbishop of Westminster, was instructed by the Holy See to issue a public and official notice that O'Halloran had been canonically suspended from the use of all ecclesiastical faculties and "that his place of worship is not recognized as a Catholic Church or Chapel, and that no Catholic can frequent it, or receive Sacraments from him, without sin."

 * The fact that "Mathew had disclosed the matter fully to the Dutch bishops days after the consecration" is a red herring because only what Mathew did prior to and during consecration affected its validity and licitness.
 * He only publicly responded to a letter, written by O'Halloran, under the pseudonym "Incredulous", published 13 May in The Guardian.
 * On 20 May, Mathew indicated that he was himself deceived by O'Halloran. Yet weeks earlier, Mathew and O'Halloran traveled to Utrecht where Mathew personally presented him to Gul.  Herzog believed that both, Mathew and O'Halloran, agreed and understood, that the intention was to deceive the IBC bishops. He asked in 1915 the following questions:

 * How could Mathew provide a list of "organised parishes", in his own handwriting, that wanted to have him bishop and not know that none of these "parishes" existed?
 * How could Mathew, who lived at that time in Chelsfield, on the outskirts of London, where the episcopal election took place, not know that a synod never even met there like O'Halloran reported? Or, in my opinion, request to meet with the synod? Or, in my opinion, why the synod was held in Chelsfield and not in Ealing?
 * How can a bishop-elect who is ministering to eight communities with 17 priests, in ten weeks between his election and his consecration, lack the interest to know more about those communities who wanted him bishop? Or, in my opinion, visit some of those communities near greater London?

 * This intention to deceive, according to Herzog, was further supported by the fact that both, Mathew and O'Halloran, opposed van Thiel traveling to England to visit those Old Catholic communities, found in Mathew's handwritten list, before the consecration.

 * That "elements [...] exerted pressure on the Dutch Church to disavow the English Old Catholics, [...] without result," is a furtive fallacy because it implies that subjective opinions rather than the objective facts (that the seventeen priests and the eight congregations did not exist in reality and, as Mathew admitted, that the documents submitted to Herzog were in fact fraudulent) affected the IBC annulment declaration.
 * That "[...] they intended to besmirch [...] Mathew's character by elaborating [...] that Mathew's credentials [...] contained false statements," is an appeal to motive. Regardless, the seventeen priests and the eight congregations did not exist in reality and, as Mathew admitted, that the documents submitted to Herzog were in fact fraudulent.
 * "but the bishops of Holland, after a thorough investigation themselves, vindicated Mathew", is incorrect because Mathew was not vindicated in the IBC annulment declaration.
 * That "The Roman priest himself recalled the original statement, saying that since he made it he had satisfied himself by a personal investigation that it was groundless", is a red herring because that individual's conclusion does not affect the IBC annulment declaration.

 * That "IBC bishops inquired into the circumstances and Mathew was publicly exonerated from all suggestion of misrepresentation in a letter to The Guardian of 3 June 1908", (the letter can be read online here and here) is debatable and Mathew used it, but it is irrelevant because the letter was just the IBC bishops first public communication about the Mathew affair and not a judgment by the IBC about the validity of Mathew's consecration.

 * That in 1908 "the bishops also refused Mathew's request to retire" is a straw man because Mathew was a bishop of his fictitious Church (the seventeen priests and the eight congregations did not exist in reality), which was accepted as a member Church into the UU, not a bishop of the UU or one of the other member Churches. Moss explained that "there is no means of compelling him [a bishop] to resign."

 * That in 1909 Mathew assisted "at Kowalski's consecration, so [...] there was no suggestion of mala fides or 'invalidity' then" is an argument from ignorance because you can't prove a negative and besides, as Smit explained, "ties of the IBC with Mathew were formally severed" in 1913 not in 1909; Mathew separated himself from UU communion in 1910 not in 1909. It is also straw man because the validity of Mathew's consecration was presumed until it was stated otherwise in the IBC annulment declaration. These are three different events, two about relationships and one about invalidity.
 * Mathew's separation from UU/IBC communion in 1910.
 * IBC's formal severing of ties with Mathew in 1913.
 * IBC's annulment declaration in 1920.

 * Most of the paragraph about why UU "may have been influenced by a desire to have closer relations with the Anglican Communion" is an appeal to motive. This point, which is partly specific to Mathew but more general about the development of ecumenical relations, could be developed in the Old Catholic Church article with a summary in this article.

 * That Apostolicae Curae "was the impetus for some Anglican clergy to seek Mathew for clandestine reordination" is an appeal to motive about the clandestine reordinations but not about the validity of Mathew's consecration.
 * This point could be developed in the Order of Corporate Reunion article with a summary of Mathew's involvement this article.

 * That Apostolicae Curae "may almost have been the basis upon which some had supported the petition for his consecration by Utrecht" is an appeal to motive. It also denies, what Mathew had admitted, that the documents submitted to Herzog were in fact fraudulent. Speculation about the motives of imaginary petitioners is nonsensical.

 * That "The new Utrecht position however, cannot and does not alter the sacramental validity of Mathew's consecration [...]" is faulty reasoning because correlation does not prove causation
 * and that "[...] the sacramental validity of Mathew's consecration which relies solely on the ceremony and intentions of the consecrating bishops rather than on any external circumstances," is a straw man because it excludes the recipient's intention.

 * That "no one questioned the intentions of the bishops involved, according to sacramental theology and canonical principles, Mathew's consecration can only be considered valid. '…an act, especially one as solemn as an ordination, must be regarded as valid, as long as invalidity would not be clearly demonstrated'," is begging the question because it assumes without proof that the invalidity of Mathew's consecration was never challenged nor demonstrated. It also implies that challenging Mathew's consecration must happen only before or during his consecration. It is also a straw man because it excludes the recipient's intention.

--BoBoMisiu (talk) 23:56, 13 April 2014 (UTC)

"Schismatic" or "excommunicate" ordinations
This entire section is currently about the Latin Church understanding not about the Old Catholic churches. Nothing here actually discusses the Old Catholic churches' understanding of schism or excommunication. Although most of it is about valid but illicit sacraments, some of it does not cover the specifics about Mathew's case accurately. I think the references to the abrogated 1917CIC should be changed to the current 1983CIC and commentaries.

 * The argument about whether a single bishop can consecrate without a papal mandate is a false dilemma because it does not apply to bishops of other Churches not in full communion with the Catholic Church, i.e. Orthodox, Assyrian Church of the East, etc.
 * Within the Latin Church, according to 1983CIC canons 1013 1014, "No bishop is permitted to consecrate anyone a bishop unless it is first evident that there is a pontifical mandate," and "[u]nless the Apostolic See has granted a dispensation, the principal bishop consecrator in an episcopal consecration is to be joined by at least two consecrating bishops; it is especially appropriate, however, that all the bishops present consecrate the elect together with the bishops mentioned." "A bishop who consecrates some one a bishop without a pontifical mandate and the person who receives the consecration from him incur a latae sententiae excommunication reserved to the Apostolic See," according to canon 1382. John Beal's et al. New commentary on the Code of Canon Law comments that this "a major violation of hierarchical communion" and that the "seriousness of this violation is evident in its being one of only five latae sententiae excommunications reserved to the Holy See."
 * Cekeda argued that such an act, without a pontifical mandate, was valid. Beal et al. commented that more than one bishop consecrator "is not necessary theologically or canonically for the validity of the consecration".

 * That "Sometimes, it is asserted that, because Mathew was excommunicated by Pius X, anyone ordained or consecrated by him thereafter incurs the same penalty", is straw man because each ordination or consecration is separate and judged individually. The translation of the act in The Tablet shows that future recipients were not mentioned. Pope Pius X excommunicated and anathematised Beale, Howarth, Mathew, "and all others who [...] have given aid, counsel, or consent" to the consecration of Beale and Howarth, and declared "that they are to be held as cut off from the communion of the Church, and as utterly schismatic, to be by all Catholics, and especially by you, avoided."

 * Cekada made clear that "penalties aren't contagious". See CIC1917 canon 2372 about reception of orders from censured ecclesiastics and canon 2219 §3 about interpretation of penalties.

 * Pius X pronounced that the consecrations of Beale and Howarth were "unlawful and sacrilegious and wholly contrary to the commands of this Holy See and the sanction of the Sacred Canons."

 * The argument about reception of sacraments by Catholics from excommunicated minister as provided for in 1917CIC canon 2261 and superseded by 1983CIC canons 1331 and 1335; is a straw man because it is an exception to censures in consequence of the cleric being both incorporated in and excommunicated from the Latin Church. It only applies to excommunicated Latin Church clergy and not to non-Catholic clergy. For example, it would apply to Beale, Howarth, and Mathew but not to Berghes, Williams, and other the Protestants ordained or consecrated by Mathew.
 * The reception of sacraments by Catholics from non-Catholic ministers, which are not in full communion with the Catholic Church, is defined in 1983CIC canon 844 in the Latin Church and the parallel CCEO canon 671 in the Eastern Catholic Churches of the Catholic Church both of which require the recipient to avoid "danger of error or of indifferentism" and is regulated by the local Catholic bishop. See discussion on this talk page here

 * The argument, based on 1917CIC canon 2258 §2, that "No Old Roman Catholic bishops have been declared excommunicate since Mathew. Thus as his excommunication is not contagious, this scenario does not apply", is a red herring because each excommunication is individual and affects one person. A decree may contain more than one excommunication but each excommunicated person has the freedom to reconcile with the Catholic Church individually.

--BoBoMisiu (talk) 00:55, 15 April 2014 (UTC)

Affirmations of validity

 * That "The Old Catholic Church of British Columbia (OCCBC) was once a probationary member of the UU; the OCCBC's orders are derived from Mathew, the union accepted the validity of their orders", is contradicted by documents on the OCCBC website. The OCCBC bishop was told by an IBC bishop the next year, among other issues, both that the OCCBC bishop's consecration was derived through the LCC and that "the line of Matthews succession is there and is not recognized by Utrecht".

 * The statement that "There are various incidences where Old Roman Catholic orders have been affirmed by theologians, canonists and even representatives of the Holy See" and that the RCC "has repeatedly affirmed its recognition of the validity of the orders and sacraments of the Old Roman Catholic Church throughout the world" are conflated explanations because the words "Old Roman Catholic" are used to identify more than one concept, i.e. the legacy identification of the OKKN, the Joseph René Vilatte "Old Roman Catholic Church of America" incorporated in Illinois 1904, the Mathew group which used a variety of labels that included "Old Roman Catholic Western Orthodox Church" in England from 1908,  the Rudolph de Landas Berghes "Old Roman Catholic Church of America" in Illinois from 1915, Berghes and Carmel Henry Carfora "North American Old Roman Catholic Diocese" incorporated in Illinois 1917, and various minuscule episcopi vagantes entities. In other words, the signifier and signified are not the same matched pair throughout the explanation.

 * This conflated explanation is also a genetic fallacy because opinions presented as affirmations, originating from individual Catholics, are not the same as official statements, originating from the Catholic Church.

 * There is a difference between an explanation why something is believed and a justification why something is true. A more current meaning or context can be found, for example, in a 1994 article in The Tablet:
 * And in another 1994 article in The Tablet:
 * And in another 1994 article in The Tablet:

 * The group standard is not if a sect self identifies as a Church or includes the word "church" in its name; the group standard is whether the sect meets the criteria and is recognized as a Church.
 * The individual standard for whether the sacraments of baptism, confirmation, and orders "were actually or validly conferred" is, according to the Latin Church's 1983CIC canon 845 §2, a "diligent inquiry" and if "a prudent doubt still exists" "after completing a diligent inquiry" then the sacraments "are to be conferred conditionally." "Since the sacraments are the same for the whole Church and belong to the divine deposit," according to canon 841, "it is only for the supreme authority of the Church to approve or define the requirements for their validity."

 * That "This indicates that there were no apparent perceived problems in relation to valid holy orders in the early 20th century" and that "The orders of de Landes, consecrated after Mathew left the UU, were apparently viewed by his contemporaries as valid despite any adverse comments from Utrecht", is speculation. The following articles (which I have not read) were cited by Herzog, about the validity of Mathew's and Berghes' orders and may shed some insight about the facts:

 * Details about Linale are discussed on this talk page here.

 * Details about Letellier are discussed on this talk page here.

 * The statement that "there is [...] evidence that the apostolic succession [...] originating from the OKKN, has been consistently considered 'valid' by Vatican officials and Roman Catholic canon lawyers and theologians" is a straw man because what individuals' believe is not the same as what the Catholic Church publicly states. In 1913, Fleming testified in Mathew v. "The Times" Publishing Co., Ltd. about the OKKN that, "The Holy See or the Pontiff has never condemned these orders as invalid; but he has never explicitly recognized them."

 * That in "such cases it has been assumed that orthodox praxis and intention has been concurrent with each ordination/consecration and the cases of particular affirmation have only been of individuals known to be conservative in Catholic doctrine. In all above cases too, only the Roman Pontifical was used for the Rite of Consecration, other liturgies are not therefore affirmed. It certainly cannot be assumed that the arguments and affirmations detailed here are in any way applicable across the board to other groups outside the Old Roman Catholic tradition, most especially those whose teachings are not consistent with orthodox and conservative Catholic doctrine. Similarly, though the canonical principles above may be applied to other scenarios, the conclusions rely inherently on orthodox Catholic praxis and would not apply to those demonstrably apostate or heretical by comparison to traditional Catholic doctrine." Is this original research? Or is it a repetition of the other subsections in the Valid section.

 * The suggestion "that Roman Catholics may fulfill their Holy Day of Obligation by attending Mass celebrated by an Old Roman Catholic priest if unable to attend a Roman Catholic Mass" is disputed on this talk page here.

 * The quote from Dominus Iesus (DI) (n. 17), about "a single Church of Christ, which subsists in the Catholic Church" and other "Churches which [...] remain united to her [...] by apostolic succession and a valid Eucharist, are true particular Churches," is about relationships with "Churches" and not about relationships with "churches". The capitalization conveys meaning in this case. "Particular Churches, in which and from which the one and only catholic Church exists, are principally dioceses," according to 1983CIC canon 368. Is there any evidence that any of the Mathew groups are recognized as Churches by the Catholic Church?

--BoBoMisiu (talk) 00:22, 16 April 2014 (UTC)

Validity
Almost none of the content in the Validity section is about how or why Mathew's consecration can be considered valid taking into account the IBC annulment declaration. Most of the section's content is about the validity of consecrations in general but from a Traditionalist Catholic perspective which rejects the Second Vatican Council – not from an Old Catholic perspective which also rejects the disciplinary canons of the Council of Trent and all of the First Vatican Council. Most of the content relies on two articles, by Anthony Cekada but does not include Cekada's article about Old Catholics. Smit wrote that "the Church of Utrecht used the entirety of the Corpus Juris Canonici," (CIC) mainly Zeger Bernhard van Espen's Ius Ecclesiasticum Universum and "a considerable body of particular canon law". This section should begin with the canons and discipline followed by the Church which consecrated Mathew; it only makes sense to use their understanding. The CIC was abrogated in the Latin Church by the 1917 Code of Canon Law in 1918, which in turn, was abrogated by the 1983 Code of Canon Law in 1983. Do all Old Catholic churches follow the CIC as a common set of canons? According to Smit, Old Catholic churches did codify canon law.

Herzog's 1915 discourse, in which he wrote that a surreptitious consecration, under false pretenses and on presentation of false documents, can not be recognized as valid, even if the rite of ordination had been accurately performed by real bishops.

The section does not mention if in the Old Catholic churches, as in the Latin Church's 1983CIC canon 1708 (1917CIC canon 1994), the validity of an ordination can be challenged by the ordinary in whose diocese the cleric was ordained. The standard, in the Latin Church's 1983CIC canon 845 §2 (1917 CIC canon 732), is if "a prudent doubt still exists" after a "a diligent inquiry" is completed to determine whether the baptism, confirmation, and orders "were actually or validly conferred, they are to be conferred conditionally" because according to canon 845 §1 they "cannot be repeated" and according to canon 290, "validly received, sacred ordination never becomes invalid." Orders are the episcopate, the presbyterate, and the diaconate according to canon 1009 §1. A former Church of England Bishop of London, Graham Leonard, was conditionally ordained in 1994, because of prudent doubt about whether his orders were validly conferred in accordance with canon 845 §2 since an Old Catholic bishop participated in the consecration of a CoE bishop in whose succession Leonard received orders, instead of being absolutely ordained.

In the Traditionalist Catholic understanding, in 1980 (i.e. prior to the promulgation of 1983CIC canon 845 §2) Cekada explained how 1917CIC canon 732 §2 applies to some Old Catholic bishop:

The entire aspect of intention is missing in this section and subsections. The 2001 declaration that Mormon baptism is invalid demonstrates that some sacraments are invalid solely on the basis of intention even if the ritual is performed correctly. In the context of Mathew, for example, whether the Liberal Catholic Church "has preserved valid orders in the light of proper intention is questionable," according to William J. Whalen, in his 1958 Separated Brethren. Whalen's opinion is not an official statement but does show an opinion from the mid 20th century. This aspect should be developed. Does this affect Mathew or just some of the bishops he consecrated?

What are the standard's by which Old Catholic churches judge validity?

Individual critiques of content in subsections

Details about the Utrecht denial section are discussed on this talk page here.

Details about the Rite section are discussed on this talk page here.

Details about the "Schismatic" or "excommunicate" ordinations section are discussed on this talk page here.

Details about the Licit or illicit section are discussed on this talk page here.

Details about the Affirmations of validity section are discussed on this talk page here.

--BoBoMisiu (talk) 01:59, 17 April 2014 (UTC)

Format
This article is full of templates giving strange formats. If an abbreviation is unusual enough to need an explanation, write the full name... and what about that pink stuff? It makes the article difficult to read. --90.236.123.78 (talk) 15:57, 18 October 2014 (UTC)

 * I used abbreviations because it provides more accuracy. For example, when I first read this and similar articles which included the term "Old Catholic" I had difficulty determining what were the actual names of several groups. For example, in the "Old Roman Catholic Church" section of this article, I see at least seven different variations of "Old Roman Catholic" labels:
 * Old Roman Catholic Church in Europe (ORCCE)
 * Old Roman Catholic Church Latin Rite (ORCC/LR)
 * Old Roman Catholic Church in Great Britain (ORCC/GB)
 * Old Roman Catholic Church of North America
 * Old Roman Catholic Church: See of Caer-Glow (ORCC/SoG)
 * Old Roman Catholic Church in North America (ORCCNA)
 * several entities self-identifying as "North American Old Roman Catholic Church (NAORCC)
 * In addition, another contributor wrote that "There are other churches using the name 'Old Roman Catholic' that have no direct connection to the above". The abbreviations convey what the names of the identified groups are. Furthermore, "Old Roman Catholic Church of North America" is not the same entity as "Old Roman Catholic Church in North America" and a reader may further misunderstand this critical detail by projecting a more common but erroneous understanding that both are the same as the "North American Old Roman Catholic Church" which is an entirely different entity altogether. The abbreviations remove a layer of semantic confusion about the actual name and count of entities. They disambiguate on the page. My opinion is that these entities chose their names for what seemed like a good reason to them and were unaware of the benefits of having an easily recognized name that is not confused with different entities – but that is neither-here-nor-there. An uninformed contributor or for that matter a reader does not have to misunderstand such basic yet confusing details like the names of these groups. It is too easy to erroneously correct these names when they are not acronyms.

 * I wrapped content in the article with "that pink stuff" to help future contributors see what I saw as poorly attributed claims. I also question the factual accuracy of the "Validity" section and subsections of this article. I disputed "whether any episcopal acts originating from Mathew can be considered valid or if Mathew's consecration can be considered valid taking into account the IBC's annulment declaration". I did not just remove a large part of the article but I added an extensive discussion on the talk page and the wrapped content in the article that is relevant to the dispute on this talk page. —BoBoMisiu (talk) 22:28, 18 October 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Arnold Mathew. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20130630213728/http://www.thedegree.org/cardgagnon.html to http://www.thedegree.org/cardgagnon.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 21:57, 1 March 2016 (UTC)

This is the messiest and sloppiest Wiki page I have ever seen
POV nonsense everywhere, blatant editorializing by at least four distinct identifiable factions. Clean up the mess.2601:406:280:540:71C8:2432:91C6:F106 (talk) 00:09, 4 October 2019 (UTC)LS

Many invalid, made up parameters in the Infobox
This infobox alone is throwing these errors that need fixing:

Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "date of consecration 2" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecration date 6" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecration date 14" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "date of priestly ordinati..." Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "bishop 11" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "co-consecrators 1" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecration date 2" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "bishop 2" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecration date 10" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecration date 12" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "co-consecrators 2" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecration date 11" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "sources" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecration date 16" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "bishop 16" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "bishop 13" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "bishop 9" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecration date 13" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "bishop 15" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "bishop 7" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "bishop 10" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecration date 3" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecration date 9" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "bishop 14" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "bishop 3" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "bishop 8" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecration date 7" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "bishop 12" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "bishop 4" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "bishop 6" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecration date 5" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "bishop 5" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecration date 4" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecration date 8" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecration date 1" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecrated by 1" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "bishop 1" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecrated by 2" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "date of consecration 1" Preview warning: Page using Template:Infobox Christian leader with unknown parameter "consecration date 15"

Dhpage (talk) 22:48, 5 August 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Arnold Mathew


text:
User:Reid

=Who I Am=

Formerly of the law, formerly of publishing, now a product manager making product for humans everywhere. Looking forward to working more with Wikimedia!

=Currently Working On. . .=

 * nothing

Reasonably Finished

 * Zebulon Baird Vance, civil war governor of North Carolina.
 * Restructured University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill to use the WikiProject Universities template. I still hang out there from time to time, batting away the vandals every March Madness.

In The Cross-Hairs

 * spot edits and line editing

Thanks for all the WikiLove!

=Useful pages=
 * How to cite sources
 * Manual of style
 * Reference Desk
 * Wikiproject Islam as it intersects with my interest in Islamic jurisprudence
 * Wikiproject Philosophy because I'm a Philosophy major

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Reid


text:
Talk:Mary Morello

Husband
Do you think I over did the information of her husband? Webhat (talk)

Man, this woman is awesome. --Xtreambar 14:58, 19 May 2005 (UTC)

I know, why do you think I started this article? Her son wields a mighty fine axe too. ;) Webhat 22:33, 2 November 2005 (UTC)

Is she the one on the first RATM DVD that introduces "Killing In The Name"? "The best band, in the fuckin' universe"... is that her?

Yes, that is her, lol. There a couple of grammatical errors in the article, such as "In 1964, she moved to Harlem, New York, where they had a son" "They" being incorrect. I will also add some format 206.124.94.22 15:07, 11 January 2007 (UTC)

They
Funnily enough the original they was correct, as it was Stephen Ngethe Njoroge and Mary Morello, I don't have the reference though. Webhat (talk) 16:04, 9 January 2008 (UTC)

 * Here's two references which disputes the text as it is now.

""Her husband was part of the first Kenyan delegation to the United Nations in New York. In 1964 they moved to Harlem, the black enclave in Upper Manhattan. That's where their son, Tom, was born. "" ""Morello's parents divorced when he was 1, and his mother, a white schoolteacher, took him with her to Libertyville, a small town outside Chicago""

Webhat (talk) 17:54, 9 January 2008 (UTC)
 * I have now changed these Webhat (talk) 17:55, 9 January 2008 (UTC)

January 2008
I made lots of changes, mostly related to the research and sourcing of this material. As I originally created this article I thought I would be the best person to source it. Sadly, as with the Internet, some of the sources could not be directly referenced so secondary sources such as archive.org were used. I can no longer find a source for the nemesis line I wrote in 2003, I am not that inventive and did not think it up: ""She is sometimes referred to as Tipper Gore's nemesis in the 1980s battle over music censorship."" Sadly this article may now be the oldest recorded source of this line. It has been picked up in articles which date from after the creation of this article, but which quote the original which used '80 and not 1980. Webhat (talk) 18:57, 9 January 2008 (UTC)

Changing URLs?
What's the policy on fixing URLs? There's a reference to axisofjustice.org, but that domain got sniped, and is now a fake Axis page. The real site is at axisofjustice.net. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.63.198.190 (talk) 21:16, 31 December 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mary Morello


text:
Menntaskólinn í Reykjavík

Menntaskólinn í Reykjavík (MR; official name in English: Reykjavik Junior College) is a junior college in Iceland. It is located in Reykjavík.

The school traces its origin to 1056, when a school was established in Skálholt, and it remains one of the oldest institutions in Iceland. The school was moved to Reykjavík in 1786, but poor housing conditions forced it to move again in 1805 to Bessastaðir near Reykjavík. In 1846 the school was moved to its current location, and a new building was erected for it in Reykjavík. This was the largest building in the country at the time and can be seen on the 500 Icelandic krona bill. It was used initially when Althing began to meet again in Reykjavík after a few years hiatus and thus it is in this building where Icelandic independence leader Jón Sigurðsson led the MPs in their famous phrase, Vér mótmælum allir.

The school has previously been known as Lærði skólinn (The Learned School), Latínuskólinn (The Latin School) and by the Latin title Schola Reykjavicensis; it received its present name in 1937.

Menntaskólinn í Reykjavík offers a three-year course of study. It usually ends with a degree (stúdentspróf) which gives the graduating student the right to advance to an Icelandic university.

Many Icelandic politicians, including the first prime minister Hannes Hafstein, former Prime Minister Davíð Oddsson, former President of Iceland, Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson and current president, Guðni Th. Jóhannesson all attended MR. Almost every Prime Minister of Iceland has been educated at the school apart from Halldór Ásgrímsson, Ólafur Jóhannesson, Sigurður Ingi Jóhannsson, Þorsteinn Pálsson, Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir and Katrín Jakobsdóttir. Geir H. Haarde, Davíð's successor as chairman of the Independence Party and former Prime Minister, also took over from him as chairman of student body, Skólafélagið (inspector scholae). In 1879 Hannes Hafstein was the school's first inspector scholae, and in 1940 his grandson Einar Ragnarsson Kvaran achieved the position. The former President of Iceland, Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, was also the president of the main student body, Framtíðin.

Culture and traditions
School traditions include a hall fight and the singing of the Brevitate Vitae. Six dances are held every year, including the costume-ball and the freshman-ball. Many clubs have been founded in MR, these include: An Art club (with five divisions for: Visual art, music, dancing, literature and films), Herranótt acting guild (the oldest theatric club in northern Europe), Computer academy and a Nerd club (which merged and became known as The Academy), Traveller's club, Sport's club, Riding club, Science club, Novelist club, Chess club and the Rowing club (which was historically a club for rowing, but is now a male/female-cheerleading team).

The Hall Fight
Every year at the end of spring semester the students of MR organize a fight in the halls of the main building. A bell is placed on the ground floor of the building and the seniors aim to reach that bell and ring it while other students try to fight them and prevent them from doing so. Should the seniors succeed in their task, the younger students are to attend next class. During the fight, some or all senior students are covered in dirt. This event was cancelled permanently after the 2008-2009 Inspector Platearum (a senior student who is responsible for ringing the school bells and is furthermore the leader of the seniors in the Hall Fight) broke his neck in the fight, resulting in a 9 million ISK lawsuit.

The Freshmen Day
One day in the first weeks of school is a special day for newcomers (Icelandic: busadagur), this day is held in all junior colleges in the country and is not only the tradition of Menntaskólinn í Reykjavík, although the traditions regarding this day vary greatly between schools. The day starts with the seniors dressing up in white toga cloaks and painting their faces. The seniors then march around the school and gather the newcomers out to the school grounds where they are then thrown high into the air. The tradition of throwing newcomers into the air is old - but the part of dressing up in toga was added by seniors in 1991 (graduating in 1992). On this day (and the next few days after) students tend to sing the song "De Brevitate Vitae." The following night a freshmen ball is held.

The Violin Dance (Fiðluballið)
The violin dance is by many described as a fancy promenade ball where live violin music is played and students wear their best garments while dancing elegantly. The tradition was started in the 1960s and was meant to be an iconoclasm to the hippie culture at the time. Reverend Geir Waage is rumored to have been the originator of the dance. It was only held once, although in 1992 it was resurrected by Dagur B. Eggertsson, inspector scholae. It is now an annual event for graduating students.

Publications
The two student bodies maintain a number of periodic publications. Amongst them are:
 * Skólablaðið Skinfaxi - Articles about the past year; published annually. Contains two publications, Skólablaðið and Skinfaxi, respectably, which have been published jointly since 2009. Skinfaxi was first published in 1898 and Skólablaðið in 1925.
 * Loki Laufeyjarson - A similar publication to Menntaskólatíðindi, but published by Framtíðin, the student body.
 * Menntaskólatíðindi - A newspaper about daily life and events in the school; published roughly once every month by the new student body Skólafélagið.
 * De Rerum Natura - A scientific magazine published by the science club every year. Named after Lucretius' De Rerum Natura. It was first published in 1960, under the presidency of Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, who later became president of Iceland.
 * Yggdrasill & The Novelist News - Two magazines published by the Novelist club every year.
 * Vetur - An annual photographic newspaper with pictures of students, daily life and social life in MR.
 * Businn - A monthly newspaper for freshmen, written by juniors for juniors.
 * Idus Martii - An annual magazine about history, ancient languages and classics. Published by 2nd year students of the classical language department on the Ides of March.
 * Morkinskinna - Published annually in the beginning of autumn. A handbook containing information about the school and its students and a study diary. Named after Morkinskinna.

Debating
Framtíðin, the oldest student body in Iceland, is a member of Mælsku- og rökræðukeppni framhaldsskóla á Íslandi (MorfÍs, The Icelandic Junior College Debating Society), which holds an annual debating competition between Icelandic junior colleges. Since its foundation in 1983, MR has won the finals eight times. The students of MR regularly hold debating competitions among themselves. These competitions are held very often and a lot of traditions have evolved around them. "Framtíðin" administers the debating society for MR students and it is also one of the oldest clubs in Iceland (founded in 1883). Sólbjartur is an annual debating competition in which each class of MR is free to send one or more teams to debate. The winning team receives the title "Sólbjartur" (Literally: Sun-bright) and the best debater of the winning team receives the title "Orator Scholae" (Latin: Spokesman of the school). Another annual competition is held, called "Orator Minor" (Latin: The next-best spokesman). Orator Minor is a competition where people debate about randomly selected subjects in one-on-one battles and only have ten minutes to prepare their speeches. However, Orator Minor, from the year 2007, is held more than once every year, even up to five times.

Quizzing
MR has been the most successful school on RÚV's academic quiz competition Gettu betur; it has been champion in 22 series of the programme, with its most recent occurring in 2022. This included an 11-year winning streak from 1993 to 2003. An annual quiz competition is held, for which each class sends in one or more teams to compete against others. This competition is called "Ratatoskur", named after the famous squirrel from Nordic mythology.

MR-ví
One day in October each year, the students of MR and its rival school, Verzlunarskóli Íslands (Commercial College of Iceland) or "Verzlo" as it is often referred to as, meet in the "Hljómskálagarður" park, located in downtown Reykjavík, where various games and competitions are held. These include: sprinting, soccer, rowing, giant-chess (later replaced with ordinary chess), screaming, tug-o-war, competitive eating, arm wrestling, car stuffing and the infamous Mexican-run. The night of that day, a debating competition between the two schools is held.

Education
MR is renowned for its traditional and classical style of education.

MR offers two separate "paths" which students choose when enrolling in the school. These are a natural science path and a language path. The natural science path divides into a biology department and a physics department on the second year, while the language path divides into modern language department and a classical language department. MR is the only school in Iceland which teaches mandatory Latin in some form and the only one which teaches Ancient Greek.

In earlier years the school offered a six years course of study before it was shortened into four years. Thus the first year is called "third form", the second year is called "fourth form" and so on. However, in 2016 the school was shortened even more to only three years, with the first three-years graduates graduating May 2019 along with the last round of graduates in the four years system.

Housing
The number of students has grown rapidly since the founding of the school. This has led to the expanding of the school's housing. The flagship and main building of the school is still the front house, Gamli Skóli (literally: The Old School), which was built in 1846. Several houses and additions have been built since. These buildings include:
 * Íþaka (Ithaca) is the library and study hall of MR. It was built in 1867 as a gift to Icelanders from Charles Kelsall, a wealthy English merchant. It takes its name from Ithaca, New York, the home of professor Willard Fiske that started a book club at the school. It went under major restorations from 2018 to 2020 where most of its interior was rebuilt. After the restoration, the reading hall and library swapped floors. The library is now located at the ground floor and the reading hall moved to the attic.
 * Fjósið (The Cowshed) is a small wooden house with two classrooms. It was originally used to store fire-fighting equipment and later used to house the rector's cows.
 * Íþróttahöllin (The Sports-Palace) is the oldest sports hall in Iceland and for a long time it was the biggest one, although it is thought to be very small and outdated by today's standards. In fact it is so small that the basketball penalty boxes overlap.
 * Þrælakistan (The Sweatshop) is a very small building connected to the Sports-Palace. It is a small gym and currently contains modern weight-lifting equipment but has historically contained antiquated equipment.
 * Casa Christi (Latin: House of Christ) is an old building with several classrooms. It is relatively big compared to other houses in the area. This building was once used by the Reykjavík YMCA, thus the name "Casa Christi". It is thought to be ugly and in bad condition and has been noted by the students and faculty as smelling distinctly of chlorine. The building is due for demolition in the near future for a new and better building to be constructed. A movement within the school has surfaced, demanding a change of name for this building. One suggestion is "Casa Sophiae", (Greek: House of Wisdom), which reflects how the nation is becoming more and more secular.
 * Casa Nova (Latin: New House) is a relatively young building and the largest one in the complex. It has many classrooms and is also the center for the students' social gatherings. A comfort lounge and a cafeteria is located in the basement of the building. It was originally built in the 1960s but underwent major restoration in 2006.
 * Villa Nova (Latin: New Apartment) is the groundskeeper's shed and a storage room for the school. It also used to house the offices of the student bodies before Amtmannsstígur 2 was taken into service.
 * Elísabetarhús (Elizabeth's House) also known as "Minni Elísabetar" (Memoirs of Elizabeth) is the latest addition to the school's housing. It has several classrooms, including some of the most perfect educational laboratories in Iceland. Known as Casa Subuculae before it was fully taken into service. It was a gift from the former owner of the house, whose wife, Elísabet, had recently died.
 * Amtmannsstígur 2 is the teachers' lounge. It also houses offices and serves as a meeting place for the student bodies.
 * Menntaskólaselið or simply selið, built 1938, is a house little outside of Reykjavík (around 45 minutes), close to the southern town of Hveragerði. It is a rural dwelling used for student trips and vacations. It was used for the first time in ten years in 2011 after having been closed due to its bad state. Since then it has been used extensively by the school's choir, and a geology trip for the freshmen once per year.

Rectors from 1846
1846-1851: Sveinbjörn Egilsson 1851-1867: Bjarni Jónsson 1867-1872: Jens Sigurðsson 1872-1895: Jón Þorkelsson 1895-1904: Björn M. Ólsen 1904-1913: Steingrímur Thorsteinsson 1913-1928: Geir Zoëga 1928-1929: Þorleifur H. Bjarnason 1929-1956: Pálmi Hannesson 1956-1965: Kristinn Ármannsson 1965-1970: Einar Magnússon 1970-1996: Guðni Guðmundsson 1996-2001: Ragnheiður Torfadóttir 2001-2012: Yngvi Pétursson 2012-2013: Linda Rós Michaelsdóttir 2013-2017: Yngvi Pétursson 2017-2022: Elísabet Siemsen 2022-present: Sólveig Guðrún Hannesdóttir

title: Menntaskólinn í Reykjavík


text:
User talk:Webhat

Links
Change detection links:
 * Main page
 * State leaders
 * Birthday vanity
 * Articles with broken citations
 * Category:Holding cell
 * Category:Wikipedia vandalism
 * Category:Wikipedia soft redirects
 * Category:Wikipedia_translation
 * Requested_articles

The House Money Effect
"Gamblers call this 'playing with the house's money'".

The term was first coined by economists Richard Thaler and Eric Johnson (economist) in their paper, 'Gambling with the house money and trying to break even'.

 *
 *
 *
 *
 *
 * Casino

Asynchronous Follow/Asymmetric Follow/Asymmetric Friendship
So I was amazed that the following concepts where not discussed on WP:
 * Asynchronous Follow
 * Asymmetric Follow
 * Asymmetric Friendship
 * Asynchronous Follow Model

AFAIK this is a little strange, I don't believe they are WP:GNG.

Links: ''Asymmetric Follow is a core pattern for Web 2.0, in which a social network user can have many people following them without a need for reciprocity. Assmmetric Follow is unlike email for example, which tends to be within small groups, with all users knowing each other (newsletters are a clear exception here). If you see a social network where someone has 5000 followers and only follows 150 back – that’s Asymmetric Follow.''
 * - Asymmetric follow
 * - Asynchronous follow
 * - Asymmetric follow
 * - Asymmetric follow
 * - Asymmetric friendship
 * - Asymmetric friendship

Passive drinking
Interesting subject Webhat (talk) 16:27, 30 May 2010 (UTC)

Calque
Fixed some disambiguation in the text of Webhat (talk) 12:14, 30 May 2010 (UTC)

Norwegian heavy water sabotage
Fix TV and movie references for Norwegian heavy water sabotage

Alex Haas

 * Alex Haas Website
 * Alex Haas on IMDB

Ziff Davis related
Notes on Yahoo!, ZDNet, Ziff Davis, Ziff Davis Media and CNET.

There are a number of errors which have been propagated by me to the sites above, I think I have them all. Confliction information between Yahoo! Ziff Davis and Ziff Davis Media caused this. My appologies of this is not yet all fixed. Webhat 02:28, Jan 20, 2004 (UTC)

Ziff Davis (Media) Inc.

 * Ziff Davis (Media) Inc. Timeline
 * Yahoo! Finance on Ziff Davis Inc.
 * Yahoo! Search on Ziff Davis Inc.
 * Ziff Davis Inc. IPO
 * Yahoo! Finance on Ziff Davis Media Inc.

ZDNet

 * ZDNet IPO

Yahoo!

 * Yahoo! Finance on Yahoo!
 * History of Yahoo!

CNET Networks Inc.

 * Yahoo! Finance on CNET
 * Reuters on CNET

Playboy
Playboy, Christie Hefner, Hugh Hefner, Hugh M. Hefner First Amendment Award

Unconnected
Bruce Lehman, Arlene McCarthy

Bruce Lehman

 * E.U. Patent issue
 * Who is Bruce Lehman
 * Yahoo! on Bruce Lehman (23 sources used)

Note: The term "submarine patent" refers to a patent application deliberately delayed and kept secret, sometimes for many years, waiting to surface strategically at some later time, with the weapon of its early filing date. This abuse of the U.S. patent system has become a serious problem.

Arlene McCarthy
unknown

Robert Hammond
Robert Hammond was a Colonel in the New Model Army commanding a regiment of foot, he was succeeded by his lieutenant-colonel Isaac Ewer in 1647 who had transferred to the New Model Army in April 1645.

Hammond then became the Parliamentary Governor of the Isle of Wight, when King Charles I of England was forced to flee from Hampton Court on 11 November 1647 believing Hammond to be sympathetic he came to the Isle of Wight. Hammond, however, was opposed to Charles, whom he confined in Carisbrooke Castle. Initially under the guise of protection.

After November 1648 the Council of Officers sent Ewer to relieve Hammond of of his charge of King Charles.

Thomas Prince
Thomas Prince was one of the four Leveller leaders

John Woodville
John Woodville is the brother of Elizabeth Woodville, Edward IV's queen. Brother of Anthony Woodville, 2nd Earl Rivers and Richard Woodville, 3rd Earl Rivers. And father Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers.

That was nothing compared to the marriages the queen arranged for her family, the most outrageous being when her 20-year-old brother John Woodville married Lady Katherine Neville, daughter of Ralph Neville, 1st Earl of Westmorland by Joan Beaufort, widow of John Mowbray, 2nd Duke of Norfolk and dowager Duchess of Norfolk. The wealthy Katherine had been widowed three times and was probably in her sixties.

Sir George Carey
George Carey, 2nd Baron Hunsdon is Sir George Carey Carisbrooke Castle Robert Johnson (composer) Newport (Isle of Wight) (UK Parliament constituency)

John Grey, 7th Baron Ferrers of Groby
John Grey, 7th Baron Ferrers of Groby (d. 22 February 1461) In about 1452, Elizabeth Woodville married Sir John Grey, they had two sons from the marriage, Thomas (later Marquess of Dorset) and Richard.

Bradgate Park was cleared by the Greys of Groby in the 15th century; the construction of Bradgate House was begun in 14?? by Sir John, the ruins of the house are still visible at the centre of the park.

He was killed at the Second Battle of St Albans in 1461, fighting for the Lancastrian cause. (This was ironic, as Elizabeth later married Edward IV who was the Yorkist claimant to the throne.)

Jacquetta of Luxembourg Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset Bradgate Park Richard Grey Baron Ferrers of Groby

Marion Giordan
Marion Giordan author of:
 * Consumer Education_(book)
 * Consumer Education: A Handbook for Teachers
 * How to be Exploited_(book)
 * The Consumer Jungle_(book)

Recent Modifications
These are ordered backward by date.

The Reichstag Fire
In regards to your comments in the talk page, I add what I hope will clarify some of the nuances of the recent judgement in Berlin. Have a nice day! --A.S. Brown (talk) 22:55, 14 January 2008 (UTC)

Tonquin
From the article Tonquin: '''While trading with the local inhabitants, Captain Thorn tossed some otter pelts at a local chief that was on board the ship trading. This insult lead to the locals returning to the ship the next day to seek revenge. ''' After just watching this on Discovery I am no sure the demise occurred as quoted. According to the program there are a number of versions coming from both written and oral history. I believe some more research is required on the subject. Webhat (talk) 04:29, 8 January 2008 (UTC)

Hasan Salaam
Created stub for Hasan Salaam Webhat (talk) 02:58, 8 January 2008 (UTC)

Children of Dub
Created stub for Children of Dub Webhat (talk) 02:58, 8 January 2008 (UTC)

Levellers
In the section Levellers there is the following text: "´´It first appeared in print in a book written by Charles I called 'His Majesties Most Gracious Declaration', first sold around 15 November 1647.´´" On the 11th of November 1647 the King Charles R send a message to the Speaker of the House of Lords in which he talks about the Levellers, this is a letter in which he states that he is forced to flee from Hampton Court. The King arrived on the Isle of Wight on the 14th and stays with the Governor Robert Hammond. And as the King was effectively being held a prisoner by Colonel Hammond long after the 16th. Which made me wonder who started selling the book, and whether the book was sold despite or because of the tumult. As this all occurs in between the First English Civil War, which ended May of 1646, and the Second English Civil War. Naturally at the time 'His Majesties Most Gracious Declaration' was published there was no foresight that predicted the Second English Civil War, but it might be considered slightly inflammatory. And although I don't doubt the book is genuine, it is plain that Charles I had little to do with the sale as he was on the Isle of Wight. Webhat 01:14, 9 March 2007 (UTC)

Michael van der Vlis
I've been modifying Michael van der Vlis. Webhat 21:59, 31 January 2007 (UTC)

Woad
Woad, Woad Warriors 06/Jan/2007

Are these guys in anyway connected to the Woad plant? If so, something like the following should be added: "Julius Caesar tells us (de Bello Gallico) that the Britanni used to dye their bodies with woad (vitrum), which made them look terrifying in battle. The Picts may have gotten their name (Latin Picti which means painted folk or possibly tattooed folk) from their practice of going into battle naked except for decorations made with woad war paint." Webhat 03:14, 6 January 2007 (UTC)

Bold text

Talk To Me
Please write in complete sentences. Also, can you add anything to your stub on Cuba Coalition other than that it's in Chicago? What does it do? Does it have anything to do with Cuba? Wondering simply, -- Infrogmation 21:55, 12 Dec 2003 (UTC)

I fixed the spelling mistake. Sorry about that. Best Wishes! Since you are new, i have some tips:
 * Sign talk page entries with ~, which is automatically converted to a name and date
 * Ask questions on Village pump
 * Have fun.

-- Greenmountainboy 02:26, 13 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Now I get the "Bunny Mother" - duh. Wake 04:29, 13 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Re John Holter - go ahead. Salsa Shark 06:10, 13 Dec 2003 (UTC)
 * Cool. Sorry to have stepped on your toes. Salsa Shark 06:24, 13 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Spam
The probability that an email is spam, given that it has certain words in it, is equal to the probability of finding those certain words in spam email, times the probability that any email is spam, divided by the probability of finding those words in any email:

 * $$\Pr(\mathrm{spam}|\mathrm{words}) = \frac{\Pr(\mathrm{words}|\mathrm{spam})\Pr(\mathrm{spam})}{\Pr(\mathrm{words})}$$

Code Review

 * $${\sum_{t=30 \to 60}^N {l \over_{400}} \times t = t'}$$

 * $${\sum_{\overset{t = 30 \to 60}{b = 300 \to 400}}^N {l \over b} \times t = t'}$$

 * $${\sum_{\overset{t = 30 \to 60}{b = 300 \to 400}}^N {l \over b} \times t * = t'}$$

 * $${{t' \times 30} = t''}$$

Brick and Mortar media
The discussion for Request_board is welcome here. Webhat (talk) 20:44, 13 September 2010 (UTC)
 * I'm not entirely sure what you're asking. Doesn't Brick and mortar business provide the definition you're looking for? VernoWhitney (talk) 20:47, 13 September 2010 (UTC)
 * Thank. I assumed it was my search pattern that was weak, not WP. Webhat (talk)
 * Glad I could help. Cheers! VernoWhitney (talk) 21:50, 13 September 2010 (UTC)
 * I'm still in 2 minds whether Brick and Mortar Media, referring to Newspapers and Television (Old Media) should be redirected or should get a stub. Webhat (talk) 23:33, 13 September 2010 (UTC)

Nomination of Passive drinking for deletion
A discussion has begun about whether the article Passive drinking, which you created or to which you contributed, should be deleted. While contributions are welcome, an article may be deleted if it is inconsistent with Wikipedia policies and guidelines for inclusion, explained in the deletion policy.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Passive drinking until a consensus is reached, and you are welcome to contribute to the discussion.

You may edit the article during the discussion, including to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion template from the top of the article. SummerPhD (talk) 02:29, 14 October 2010 (UTC)

Orphaned vs. Notable
Your comments in adding the orphan tag to Pennsport (string band) and Adelphia (fancies) ("Is an orphan, and should be deleted under WP:GNG") seem to indicate that you believe the GNG requires that articles not be orphaned. I do not see any indication of this.

"If a topic has received significant coverage in reliable sources that are independent of the subject, it is presumed to satisfy the inclusion criteria for a stand-alone article." Both articles cite numerous reliable sources that are independent of their subjects. If, despite those sources, you feel they are not notable, AfD is the proper venue. - SummerPhD (talk) 00:36, 18 October 2010 (UTC)
 * Whatever! You are free to continue this intelectual masturbation, you've already proven yourself to be a halfwit not worthy of my time. Have fun! Webhat (talk) 09:12, 18 October 2010 (UTC)
 * Webhat, calling other folks "halfwit" is not very civil, and civility is encourages here, even required. But that's not why I'm here--I saw the SPI you started, and looked into the evidence you presented. Met alle respect, let it go: there is no evidence of sock puppetry there, and starting an SPI as a response to a deletion discussion smacks of knee-jerking. It isn't going to go any farther, and withdrawing it (with an apology) might be the best thing to do here. Het allerbeste, Drmies (talk) 15:04, 18 October 2010 (UTC)
 * I started the SPI based on the evidence of Sock Puppetry, the only knee jerk was examining the user's history. This led me to a valid Sock Puppetry accusation, you may think it's invalid. I thought your English was invalid, although you pretend to contribute at a professional level. Anyway although you are quite welcome to come to my Talk page to tell me what to do, now you can fuck off and not come back again. How is that for civil? Webhat (talk) 20:16, 10 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Well, I think that's pretty bad. You have no arguments for that ridiculous accusation, you got laughed out of court--a normal namechange was all it was. Then you go around insulting people who are actually contributing to the project, you take a stab back at me at Articles for deletion/Travis Michael Garland (unsigned, like your remark at the SPI), and you tell me to fuck off. Oh, I'll gladly fuck off--I got no business being here wasting time and words on rude people like you. Tot in de pruimentijd. Drmies (talk) 05:45, 11 November 2010 (UTC)
 * I'm rude? You're the one who came to my Talk page demanding an apology, do you go into the houses of strangers and make demands of them too? I have been using and contributing since 2003, which I'm sure you know, so wikibots which auto sign messages do not come as a surprises to me, but apparently they do to you. While you were at it you proceded to butcher my native language; civility is encouraged here ; farther rather than further; not to mention the smattering of Dutch. Furthermore you should closely examine the dates of the contributions - this wasn't a knee jerk reaction as you suggested, I actually took my time - even in the case of a name change the dates of the dates on the contributions do NOT add up. Lastly I'd like to defend my calling SummerPhD a halfwit: the comment "Is an orphan, and should be deleted under WP:GNG" clearly makes use of an serial comma which I added to avoid ambiguity, which proves she can't read. And anybody who adds PhD to their name usually can't get through life on their own merit, anybody adding it to their handle is usually a halfwit. Anybody having a trigger finger on the Wikipedia delete button doesn't live up to the title the love of wisdom. Anyway I win, my contribution is still up and I get to have a fun flame war with an idiot on my Talk page. Webhat (talk) 23:02, 15 November 2010 (UTC)

November 2010
Welcome to Wikipedia. Although everyone is welcome to contribute constructively to the encyclopedia, we would like to remind you not to attack other editors, as you did on User talk:Webhat. Please comment on the contributions and not the contributors. Take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. You are welcome to rephrase your comment as a civil criticism of the article. Thank you. SummerPhD (talk) 05:29, 16 November 2010 (UTC)
 * This is starting to look like harassment. You lost, accept it and move on! Webhat (talk) 11:11, 16 November 2010 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Webhat/Asynchronous follow

The article Webhat/Asynchronous follow has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * not a probably search term - probably created inadvertantly

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. The speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. noq (talk) 13:54, 21 November 2010 (UTC)

Nomination of Webhat/Asynchronous follow for deletion
A discussion has begun about whether the article Webhat/Asynchronous follow, which you created or to which you contributed, should be deleted. While contributions are welcome, an article may be deleted if it is inconsistent with Wikipedia policies and guidelines for inclusion, explained in the deletion policy.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Webhat/Asynchronous follow until a consensus is reached, and you are welcome to contribute to the discussion.

You may edit the article during the discussion, including to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion template from the top of the article. Webhat (talk) 09:45, 22 November 2010 (UTC)

William Gemmell Cochran

 * I believe you have edited the article on William Gemmell Cochran back in 2006. I now did the following:
 * I have added a reference to Cochran's C test.
 * The list of articles already refered to the Cochran test, however this was Cochran's Q test. I have made the latter reference more specific by making it appear as such.
 * --Rtlam (talk) 09:24, 22 September 2011 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Webhat


text:
Zelenogradsk

Zelenogradsk (Cranz; Koronowo; Lithuanian and Old Prussian: Krantas) is a town and the administrative center of Zelenogradsky District in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, located 34 km north of Kaliningrad, on the Sambian coastline near the Curonian Spit on the Baltic Sea. Population:

In its heyday, Zelenogradsk (as Cranz) was a popular seaside resort on Germany's eastern Baltic coast, comparable to Bognor Regis in England. However, at the end of World War II, the Soviets took over the town, and much of its tourist traffic has been diverted to nearby Svetlogorsk.

History
The site of today's Zelenogradsk was originally an Old Prussian fishing village, in the proximity of Kaup, a Prussian town on the coast of the Baltic Sea in the Viking era. The area became controlled by the Teutonic Order and settled with Germans. The German name Cranz, originally Cranzkuhren, derives from the Old Prussian word krantas, meaning "the coast". In 1466, the territory became a part of Poland as a fief held by the Teutonic Knights. For most of its history, it remained a small village.

From the 18th century it formed part of the Kingdom of Prussia, in 1758–1762 it was under Russian control, and from 1871 it was also part of Germany, within which it was administratively located in the province of East Prussia. During the 19th century, Cranz became the primary seaside resort for the Kingdom of Prussia on the East Prussian coastline, especially after the construction of a railway line connecting it with Königsberg (now Kaliningrad) in 1885. From 1816 to 1895, it was known as das königliche Bad, or "the royal bathing resort". In the late 19th century, the settlement was inhabited by more than 1,000 people, mainly living off tourism, however, the fishing industry remained strong. There was trade in flounder and salmon; smoked flounder was a regional delicacy. Two annual fairs were held, usually in July and August. Although Cranz had over 6,000 inhabitants by the start of World War II, it has not yet received a town charter.

The area was overrun by the Soviet Red Army during World War II and annexed to the Russian SFSR, although it suffered minimally through warfare. The German population fled during the evacuation of East Prussia or was subsequently expelled in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement. Cranz was renamed Zelenogradsk in 1946 and was granted town status in the subsequent years.

In 2015, a monument of poet Adam Mickiewicz was erected in the town to commemorate his visit in 1824.

Administrative and municipal status
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Zelenogradsk serves as the administrative center of Zelenogradsky District. As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Zelenogradsky District as the town of district significance of Zelenogradsk.

Within the framework of municipal divisions, since May 15, 2015, the territories of the town of district significance of Zelenogradsk and of four rural okrugs of Zelenogradsky District are incorporated as Zelenogradsky Urban Okrug. Before that, the town of district significance was incorporated within Zelenogradsky Municipal District as Zelenogradskoye Urban Settlement.

Tourism
The tourism industry was neglected during the Cold War and Zelenogradsk's tourism primacy was relinquished to nearby Svetlogorsk.

Notable people

 * Adolf Tortilowicz von Batocki-Friebe (1868–1944), politician
 * Abel Ehrlich (1915–2003), composer
 * Volker Lechtenbrink (1944-2021), actor
 * Beate Uhse-Rotermund (1919–2001), aviator and entrepreneur
 * Mary Saran (1897–1976), journalist
 * Patrick White, a 1973 Nobel laureate, visited Cranz in the early 1930s

Twin towns and sister cities
Zelenogradsk is twinned with:
 * 🇵🇱 Łeba, Poland
 * 🇸🇪 Borgholm, Sweden

Former twin towns:
 * 🇵🇱 Braniewo, Poland

In March 2022, the Polish city of Braniewo terminated its partnership with Zelenogradsk as a reaction to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

title: Zelenogradsk