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FC Basel

Fussball Club Basel 1893, widely known as FC Basel, FCB, or just Basel,  is a Swiss professional football club based in Basel, in the Canton of Basel-Stadt. Formed in 1893, the club has been Swiss national champions 20 times, Swiss Cup winners 13 times, and Swiss League Cup winners once.

Basel have competed in UEFA competitions every season since 1999–2000. They have qualified for the Group stages of the Champions League more times than any other Swiss club – a total of seven times – and are the only Swiss club to have ever qualified to the Group stages directly. In 2021 they set the new record for a Swiss team with the most successful international group stage campaign by reaching 14 points in their Conference League group.

Since 2001, the club has played its home games at St. Jakob-Park, built on the site of their previous home, St. Jakob Stadium. Their home colours are red and blue, leading to a nickname of "RotBlau".

Foundation
FC Basel was started by an advertisement placed by Roland Geldner in the 12 November 1893 edition of the Basler national newspaper, requesting that a football team be formed and that anyone who wished to join should meet up the following Wednesday at 8:15 in the restaurant Schuhmachern-Zunft. Eleven men attended the meeting, generally from the academic community, founding Fussball Club Basel on 15 November 1893.

Founder members
(Source: the documentation to the club's 50th anniversary)
 * Emil Abderhalden was first team player in the early days, a famous physiologist and head of the physiological institute at the University of Halle in Germany.
 * Max Born, nothing is known about his private life.
 * Josy Ebinger was long-time player in the first team. He was active as a club official in various offices, club chairman from October 1902 to May 1903. He was vice president of the Swiss Football Association in 1900.
 * Max Geldner played at least six games for the club's first team in the first two years and was still a loyal friend and a patron of FC Basel 50 years later.
 * Roland Geldner was the first president of FC Basel. He was a well-known personality in the city and football player from the early days of football. A distinguished person, he was the soul of the club in the early years.
 * Wilhelm Glaser wore the red and blue colors as a center forward for years, played at least 14 matches. He was still follower with great interest of the FC Basel activities 50 years later
 * Jean Grieder was first and second team player, with at least one match for the first team. He was asset and liability manager and became the club's first actuary. For years he held high honorary positions in his hometown.
 * Ferdinand Isler was a professor at the canton school in Frauenfeld. He was the first team's first captain, played at least 17 games during the club's first three seasons. He later became actuary of the club. He was a great propagandist. He wrote brochures about the football game and translated the English rules of the game into German. He was one of the first sports journalists.
 * Wilhelm Oser was pharmacist by profession. His cheerful, spirited manner was highly valued in the club. An avid pioneer of the football movement.
 * Fritz Schäublin for many years was the highly respected rector of the humanistic grammar school in Basel. With his excellent skills he served the club in various offices for many years. He was an excellent player in the early days, played four matches in the club's first two season. He was founder of the tennis department.
 * Lucien Schmoll, nothing is known about his private life.
 * Richard Strub was still and quite, loyal member of the club. Very little is known about his private life.
 * John Tollmann was a proficient goalkeeper and played at least 23 matches during the club's first five years. He was the first secretary-treasurer of the Swiss Football Association. A personality with a very special character. Together with Roland Geldner, he was the club's driving force in the early days.
 * Charlie Volderauer was an excellent defender and played at least 33 matches. He was president December 1896 to December 1899. Arranged the first games in Switzerland against British professionals: Newcastle United and Celtic Glasgow. A rarely eager club member.

Fussball Club Basel 1893 has a long and illustrious history, that spans the period from 1893 to the present day. Having competed at the highest level of football in Switzerland for most of this time, FCB currently play in the Swiss Super League. The club was founded on 15 November 1893. At first the club played their home games in the Landhof stadium. During the mid-1960s Basel then played their games in St. Jakob Stadium which was demolished in 1998. During the construction of the new stadium, between 1998 and 2001, the Stadion Schützenmatte was the club's temporary home ground. Since 2001 Basel play home games at St. Jakob-Park, which is currently the largest club stadium in Switzerland.

The history of FC Basel
Due to its size the history of FC Basel has been divided into five sections. For details on individual periods of the club's history, see the following articles:

The first section deals with the foundation, the early years, the forming of the Swiss Football Association (ASF-SFV), the first league championships and the years up to and during the first World War.
 * History of FC Basel (1893–1918)

The second section is about the period between the two World Wars and the introduction of the Swiss Cup. FCB did not have much of an early footballing success; it took them 40 years to win their first trophy, winning the cup in 1933, as they defeated arch-rivals and reigning cup-holders Grasshopper Club Zürich in the final.
 * History of FC Basel (1918–1939)

The third section starts with relegation, no promotion, missed promotion, promotion after all, another relegation, another promotion and the second cup title. It then spans the period of Jules Düblin as chairman, the first championship title and the third cup win.
 * History of FC Basel (1939–1965)

Under the motto rise and fall, the fourth section deals with the era Benthaus, seven domestic league titles, the subsequent decline, relegation, six seasons of second-tier football and the long-awaited promotion.
 * History of FC Basel (1965–2000)

The fifth section deals with the financial backing that had been put into the club at that time, the move to the new stadium St. Jakob-Park, how success returned and how things have progressed to the present day.
 * History of FC Basel (2000–present)

Fans
FC Basel is known for having a big and loyal local following. When polls are conducted about the most passionate club football fans, FC Basel's fans usually make the top 200 if not top 100 in the world, resulting in what is by far the highest average attendance in Switzerland with around 30,000 fans attending every home game and with the new extension being built that number is expected to rise to around 40,000. The fans have also made themselves a name in numerous international matches in recent years. World tennis legend Roger Federer is one of the club's most famous fans.

In November 2010 their supporters caused the game against FC Luzern to be stopped after they threw hundreds of tennis balls onto the pitch. This was in protest at the kick off times being moved to accommodate a tennis tournament on the TV schedule.

Rivalry
The city of Basel and the city of Zürich have a long-standing rivalry. Therefore, FCB's most traditional and fiercest rivals are Grasshopper Club Zürich and FC Zürich. In the past few seasons, the rivalry between FC Zürich and Basel has been fueled by Zürich's narrow league championship wins over Basel. Supporters from both sides have caused trouble in the past years, with the worst incident happening in May 2006. Basel had won the league in 2003–04 and 2004–05 and were set to make it three in a row if they won or drew against Zürich at home on the last day of the 2005–06 season. Zürich took the lead after a late goal from Iulian Filipescu and consequently won the match and the league. After the final whistle, players and fans from both teams started fighting on the pitch and in the stands. This incident has fueled hatred and bitterness between fans from FC Zürich and FC Basel. There is controversy about which rivalry is bigger, the one with Grasshopper or FC Zürich, but it usually depends on the success of these teams.

Stadium
FC Basel play their home games at the 37,500 capacity St. Jakob-Park.

UEFA have awarded the stadium a 4-star rating, the highest rating that could be given to a stadium of that capacity. St. Jakob-Park was opened in 2001, originally holding a maximum attendance of 33,433. The stadium was expanded with a new stand (sector G) and upgraded to 42,500 due to Switzerland co-hosting UEFA Euro 2008. After Euro 2008, a number of seats were removed, thus giving more space between them, and the capacity was reduced 37,500 seats. The stadium is nicknamed "Joggeli" by the fans and has two restaurants, Restaurant UNO and Hattrick's Sports Bar, as well as a shopping centre which opened on 1 November 2001. It also has parking space for 680 cars and has its own train station. St. Jakob-Park hosted six matches during Euro 2008, including the opening game between Switzerland and Czech Republic, and a semi-final between Germany and Turkey. The most interesting feature of the stadium is the translucent outer layer, which can be illuminated in different colours for impressive effects; this effect was copied three years later for Bayern Munich's new stadium, the Allianz Arena.

Before St. Jakob-Park was built, FC Basel played home games in the Landhof (in the Quarter Kleinbasel) and, following the 1954 FIFA World Cup, in the newly built St. Jakob Stadium which was on the same site as the current stadium. During the construction period of St. Jakob-Park, Basel's home matches were played at the Stadion Schützenmatte.

In 2016, the UEFA Europa League final was played at St. Jakob-Park.

Affiliated clubs

 * FC Concordia Basel – FC Basel are the parent-club of local side Concordia, who currently play in the 1. Liga Classic. Many of Basel's youth players, such as Patrik Baumann, Beg Ferati, and Simone Grippo, have had loan spells there. Basel have also signed a number players from Concordia, like Louis Crayton and Murat Yakin. Miroslav König, Riccardo Meili, André Muff, and Dominik Ritter are just a few ex-Basel players who have gone on to play for Concordia.
 * 🇮🇳 Chennai City FC – FC Basel owns 26% of the club.

Colours and logo
FC Basel's traditional kit is a red and blue shirt. Due to the fact that some of the founders were members of the "Basler Ruder-Club", whose colors were red and blue, they adopted those colours for their new club. FC Basel's outfit is completed by blue shorts with gold trim and blue socks with red trim. From this comes the nickname "RotBlau" which is Swiss German and German for "RedBlue". Their away kit is all white with two stripes down the middle, the left being red and the right being blue. FC Basel's kits were formerly manufactured by Nike, however in the summer of 2012 a new contract was formed with Adidas to produce the kits until 2017. The main sponsor is Novartis, a multinational pharmaceutical company which is based in the city of Basel. On the inside tag of the jerseys is inscribed "Rot isch unseri Liebi, Blau die ewigi Treui, Basel unseri Stadt." This roughly translates to "Red is our love, blue the eternal loyalty, Basel our city."

According to a legend, the famous "Blaugrana" colours of Barcelona have been said to have originated from the Rotblau colours of FC Basel. This legend evolved because Joan Gamper, founder of both FC Zürich and FC Barcelona had played two friendly games for FC Basel against Mulhouse and Strasbourg on short visits, as he did for other Swiss clubs, too. FC Barcelona today based on accounts of the Gamper family assumes, the colours had been taken from the rugby team of the Merchant Taylors' School near Liverpool.

For the 2008–09 season, Basel changed their shirt to resemble the traditional Barcelona shirt (red and blue vertical stripes). Barcelona changed theirs to one half of the shirt red, the other blue, which happens to resemble the traditional Basel shirt.

Basel's current logo is a shield, the left half red and the right half blue. The shield is outlined with gold and in the centre in gold letters it reads "FCB", for "Football Club Basel" or "Fussballclub Basel". The logo is worn in the centre of the shirt opposed to on the traditional left-hand side. Like the club colours of Basel, the logo has a striking resemblance to that of Barcelona's. There are theories that suggest that the founder of Barcelona, being at one time the captain of Basel, reincorporated the logo of Basel to that of Barcelona. The resemblances seem clear: both logos seem to incorporate the shield design, as do most other clubs. Most notably, however, is the FCB acronyms on both logos and the red-blue colours, outlined in gold. Additionally, the football that lies on the left side of the Basel logo seems to be the exact shape, type and colour as that of the Barcelona logo in the bottom centre. Because of this, many say that Basel was the inspiration in the process of founding Barcelona.

Records

 * Highest stage reached in Champions League: Round of 16 (2002–03, 2011–12, 2014–15, 2017–18)
 * Highest stage reached in UEFA Europa League: Semi-finals (2012–13)
 * Highest stage reached in UEFA Europa Conference League: Semi-finals (2022–23)
 * Biggest European home win: Basel 7–0 🇸🇲 Folgore (24 August 2000, UEFA Cup qualifying round second leg)
 * Biggest European away win: 🇮🇸 Fram 0–5 Basel (18 September 1973, European Champion Clubs' Cup first round first leg)
 * Biggest European home defeat: Basel 0–5 🇪🇸 Barcelona (22 October 2008, UEFA Champions League)
 * Biggest European away defeat: 🇩🇪 Bayern Munich 7–0 Basel (13 March 2012, UEFA Champions League knockout stage)
 * Most league appearances: Massimo Ceccaroni (398)
 * Most league goals: Josef Hügi (244)
 * Record number of consecutive home games unbeaten: 59 (February 2003 to May 2006)
 * Record number of consecutive unbeaten games: 26 (2011–12)
 * Highest home game attendance (St. Jakob Stadium): 60,000
 * Highest home game attendance (St. Jakob-Park): 42,500
 * Most capped foreign player: 🇵🇪 Teófilo Cubillas, 81 caps, Peru
 * Most capped Swiss player: Alexander Frei, 82 caps

Individual records, league
Updated to league matches played on 22 May 2022.

Individual records, all competitions
Updated to all matches played on 22 May 2022.

National

 * '''Swiss Championship
 * Winners (20): 1952–53, 1966–67, 1968–69, 1969–70, 1971–72, 1972–73, 1976–77, 1979–80, 2001–02, 2003–04, 2004–05, 2007–08, 2009–10, 2010–11, 2011–12, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2015–16, 2016–17
 * runner-up (10): 1948–49, 1949–50, 1970–71, 2002–03, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2017–18, 2018–19, 2020–21, 2021–22,

 * Swiss Cup
 * Winners (13): 1932–33, 1946–47, 1962–63, 1966–67, 1974–75, 2001–02, 2002–03, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2009–10, 2011–12, 2016–17, 2018–19
 * runner-up (10): 1941–42, 1943–44, 1969–70, 1971–72, 1972–73, 1981–82, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2019–20,

 * Swiss League Cup
 * Winners (1): 1972,
 * runner-up (1): 1978–79,

European record
As of 18 May 2023.

FC Basel Holding AG
The FC Basel Holding AG owns 75% of FC Basel 1893 AG and the other 25% is owned by the club FC Basel 1893 members. The club FC Basel 1893 functions as a base club independent of the holding company and the AG. FC Basel 1893 AG is responsible for the operational business of the club, e.g. the 1st team, a large part of the youth department and the back office are affiliated there. All decisions that affect the club FC Basel 1893 are made within the AG.

On 11 May 2021 the FC Basel Holding AG chairman Bernhard Burgener and board member David Degen announced a transfer of ownership rights, after months of massive fan protests. The new situation meant Degen owned 92% of the shares and about 8% is held by four small investors. At the AGM of FC Basel Holding AG on 15 June 2021, Bernhard Burgener, Peter von Büren and Karl Odermatt stood down from the board of directors. A new board of directors stood for election. From that date the board consisted of Reto Baumgartner (president), Dani Büchi (delegate of the board), David Degen (vice-president), Johannes Barth, Marco Gadola, Christian Gross, Sophie Herzog and Andreas Rey. Degen said he will sell a part of the shares within his management team.

On 18 August the Holding AG announced how the shares had been divided between the shareholders. Degen himself kept 40%, Andreas Rey held 18,41%, his wife Ursula Rey-Krayer also held 18,41%. A group of four other investors, these being Johannes Barth, Marco Gadola, Dani Büchi and Dan Holzmann, together held 15,14%. The other 8,04% of the shares remained by another group of investors, these being Manor AG, J. Safra Sarasin, Novasearch AG, MCH Group AG and Weitnauer Holding AG.

On 27 December 2021 an extraordinary AGM of the Holding AG was held and it was announced that the Board had reorganised itself. Ursula Rey-Krayer and Dan Holzmann were unanimously elected to the board of directors.

On 20 June 2022 the AGMs of both the FC Basel Holding AG and the FC Basel 1893 AG were held and both boards were confirmed. The Holding AG with following members: David Degen (president), Dan Holzmann, Ursula Rey-Krayer and Andreas Rey (vice-president). FC Basel 1893 AG with following members: David Degen (president), Carol Etter (delegate of the club FC Basel), Dan Holzmann, Ursula Rey-Krayer and Andreas Rey (vice-president).

Club management
The club's 127th AGM took place in written form, during the week from Saturday 5 June and Friday 11 June. The results were communicated on Monday 14 June. On 13 April 2021 the club announced their proposal for the club management. Club president Reto Baumgartner and the two directors, Dominik Donzé and Benno Kaiser, remained in the board and three new members were elected. These three being Carol Etter (sports lawyer), Edward Turner (financial specialist) and Tobias Adler (marketingspecialist). Their exact roles are to be decided. Carol Etter was elected as delegate of the board, to represent the club at the meetings of the Holding.

After the dismissal of Heiko Vogel, on 31 October 2023, the position of the sports director was left vacant, this until 15 May 2024 and then FCB announced that Daniel Stucki had been appointed as new sports director.

Team management
On 28 November 2022 FCB had announced that they had taken Heiko Vogel under contract as their new sporting director, as per 1 January 2023. After the end of their previous season, in which Vogel had taken over in charge of the coaching of their first team following the dismissal of Alexander Frei in February, Vogel continued in his role as sports director for this season.

On 12 May 2023 the club announced that Timo Schultz had been signed a contract as head coach of the new FCB first team. On 22 May they announced that the entire trainer staff had been appointed. Loïc Favé would join Davide Callà as assistant coach and Johannes Wieber would become athletic coach, Gabriel Wüthrich remained goalkeeper coach. On 23 May the club announced that the new coach of the U-21 is the ex-footballer Dennis Hediger, who had been the coach of the U-18 team the previous season. Appointed a his assistant coaches were Marco Aratore and Michaël Bauch.

On 29 September the club announced that they were parting with coach Schultz, together with his assistant Loïc Favé, and that he would be replaced by the current sport director Heiko Vogel. Vogel was dismissed a month later, with Fabio Celestini taking over until the end of the season. On 17 November 2023, Martin Rueda was hired as an additional assistant coach.

Women's team
Since 2009 Basel have a women's team. It competes in the Nationalliga A.

Superleague Formula
FC Basel had a team in the Superleague Formula race car series where football teams lent their name to cars. GU-Racing International has operated the car for all seasons and Max Wissel has driven the car in all the races. FC Basel and Wissel won one race, in the 2009 season at Donington Park. The team have scored three other podiums in the series.

Youth system
Basel is home to a leading youth academy system in terms of produced senior-level players that featured in the top-flight in Switzerland. FC Basel bases its promotion of young talent on the following criteria: The primary aim of the FCB youth department is to integrate as many players as possible into the first team squad, all representatives of the youth department adhere to the values of the FCB charter, a uniform, holistic game and training idea from the FE-14 to the U21 ensures optimal training, the FCB follows a dual system of educational training and football.

The youth department has developed many Swiss internationals such as Erni Maissen, Adrian Knup, Alexander Frei, Marco Streller, Philipp, and David Degen. Since Basel moved into the St. Jakob-Park in 2001, they have strengthened their youth academy and many young talents like the Felipe Caicedo, Ivan Rakitić, Zdravko Kuzmanović, Xherdan Shaqiri, Yann Sommer, Eren Derdiyok, and Mohammed Salah have risen through the ranks there. In 2010 the former club president Gigi Oeri created the Stiftung Nachwuchs Campus Basel (in English foundation Youth Campus Basel) with the aim of continuously developing the club's youth division on a long-term basis.

Since 2001, more than 50 successful players have risen through the Basel youth system and joined their first team, including:

The youth academy is as present set up in the following areas: Formation (U-21, U-19, U-17, U1-6 and U-15), Footeco (FE-14) and Project Team Basel (FE-12 and FE-13).

Under-21 team
The eldest members are in the U-21 team. This team plays in the Swiss Promotion League, the third highest level in the Swiss football league system, behind the Super League and the Challenge League. A number of players have professional contracts and often train or play with the first team.

Under-19 team
Until 2023 there was no official Basel U-19 team, because a U-19 championship did not exist in Swiss football until then. Before then the team was quickly put together in the 2011–12 season from the youngest members of the first team, the younger Under-21 and the Under-18 teams who were eligible to play in the 2011–12 NextGen Series. Note: Results and dates can be found here 2011–12 NextGen series.

Because Basel qualified for the 2013–14 UEFA Champions League, the Under-19 team was again called to life and played in the 2013–14 UEFA Youth League. This time the members of this squad were solely members from the U-21 and U-18 teams, but the team only trained together once a week. Note: Results and dates can be found here 2013–14 UEFA Youth League.

A year later Basel qualified for the 2014–15 UEFA Champions League. Therefore, they were eligible to play in the 2014–15 UEFA Youth League and they took the matter a lot more seriously than the year before. Reserve team manager Thomas Häberli was also appointed as U-19 coach. Häberli's U-19 squad was still a mix between the younger U-21 and the older U-18 teams, but the team had training together virtually daily. This resulted with improved results, the team winning four games from their six, but failing to qualify for the knockout phase on tiebreak. Note: Results and dates can be found here 2014–15 UEFA Youth League.

Basel's first team qualified for the Champions League again in 2016–17, so the U-19 team was revived for the 2016–17 UEFA Youth League. Raphaël Wicky was U-19 coach. In the group stage they reached second position and advanced to the play-offs, but lost this against Rosenborg. Note: Results and dates can be found here 2016–17 UEFA Youth League.

By winning the U-18 Swiss championship at the end of the 2016–17 season the team qualified for the 2017–18 UEFA Youth League. Arjan Peço was the U-19 team coach at the time. The team were drawn into Group A which they won and advanced to the round of 16, but here they were eliminated by Atlético Madrid. Note: Results and dates can be found here 2017–18 UEFA Youth League.

At the end of the 2017–18 season the U-18 team coached by Alex Frei won the Swiss championship and qualified for the 2018–19 UEFA Youth League. But they were eliminated in the first round by Hamilton Academical, having drawn both matches 2–2, they were defeated in the penalty shoot-out. Note: Results and dates can be found here 2018–19 UEFA Youth League.

In November 2021, the Swiss Football Association announced their amendments to their league structure and further expanded their promotion of young talents. The Basel U-18 team won the championship 2022–23 and in line with the Associations new league structures, FCB advanced all their U-18 team members to their newly created U-19 team, who were thus qualified for the 2023–24 UEFA Youth League. Here the team, under coach Mario Cantaluppi, advanced through the qualification but were eliminated by Bayern Munich in the play-offs. Note: Results and dates can be found here 2023–24 UEFA Youth League.

Other youth teams
In total, the club has eight youth teams in their academy. In the group Formation are the U-21, U-19, U-17, U1-6 and U-15, in the group Footeco the FE-14 team and then there is the group Project Team Basel FE-12 and FE-13. Since the 2020–21 season, the FE-13 and FE-14 teams from the clubs FC Basel 1893, BSC Old Boys and FC Concordia Basel will appear with the addition of Team Basel.

Coaches
NOTE: early history is largely unknown.

 * 🏴 Percy Humphreys (1913–14)
 * Walter Dietrich (1919–22)
 * 🇩🇪 Max Breunig (1922–23)
 * 🇭🇺 Gyula Kertész (1928–30)
 * 🇦🇹 Gustav Putzendopler (1930–32)
 * 🇦🇹 Otto Haftl (1932)
 * 🇦🇹 Karl Kurz (1932–33)
 * 🇦🇹 Josef Haist (1933–34)
 * 🇦🇹 Richard (Dombi) Kohn (1934)
 * 🇩🇪 Alwin Riemke (1934–36)
 * 🇦🇹 Heinz Körner (1936–37)
 * Fernand Jaccard (1937–39)
 * Walter Dietrich (1939)
 * Max Galler (1939–40)
 * Eugen Rupf (1940–43)
 * Willy Wolf (1943–46)
 * Max Barras (1946)
 * 🇦🇹 Anton Schall (1946–47)
 * Ernst Hufschmid (1947–52)
 * René Bader (1952–55)
 * Willy Dürr (1955)
 * 🇭🇺 Béla Sárosi (1955–57)
 * 🇦🇹 Rudi Strittich (1957–58)
 * René Bader (1958–59)
 * 🇭🇺 Jenő Vincze (1 July 1959 – 30 June 61)
 * Georges Sobotka (1961–65)
 * Helmut Benthaus (1 July 1965 – 30 June 82)
 * Rainer Ohlhauser (1982–83)
 * Ernst August Künnecke (1983–85)
 * Emil Müller (1985)
 * Helmut Benthaus (1 July 1985 – 30 June 87)
 * Urs Siegenthaler (1 July 1987 – 30 June 90)
 * 🇩🇪 Ernst August Künnecke (1990–92)
 * Karl Odermatt and Bruno Rahmen (1992)
 * 🇩🇪 Friedel Rausch (1 July 1992 – 30 June 93)
 * Claude Andrey (1993–95)
 * Karl Engel (1995–97)
 * Heinz Hermann (22 March 1997 – 31 March 97)
 * 🇮🇹 Salvatore Andracchio (interim), (1 April 1997 – 30 June 97)
 * 🇩🇪 Jörg Berger (1 July 1997 – 6 October 97)
 * 🇮🇹 Salvatore Andracchio (interim), (7 October 1997 – 31 December 97)
 * Guy Mathez (1 Jan 1998 – 14 May 99)
 * Marco Schällibaum (15 May 1999 – 14 June 99)
 * Christian Gross (15 June 1999 – 30 June 2009)
 * 🇩🇪 Thorsten Fink (1 July 2009 – 16 October 11)
 * 🇩🇪 Heiko Vogel (interim) (13 October 2011 – 11 December 11)
 * 🇩🇪 Heiko Vogel (12 December 2011 – 15 October 12)
 * Murat Yakin (15 October 2012 – 17 May 2014)
 * Paulo Sousa (1 July 2014 – 17 June 2015)
 * Urs Fischer (18 June 2015 – 3 June 2017)
 * Raphaël Wicky (4 June 2017 – 26 July 2018)
 * Alexander Frei (interim) (26 July 2018 – 2 August 2018)
 * Marcel Koller (2 August 2018 – 31 August 2020)
 * Ciriaco Sforza (1 September 2020 – 6 April 2021)
 * Patrick Rahmen (6 April 2021 – 21 February 2022)
 * 🇪🇸 Guille Abascal (interim) (21 February 2022 – 23 May 2022)
 * Alex Frei (23 May 2022 – 7 February 2023)
 * 🇩🇪 Heiko Vogel (7 February 2023 – 31 October 2023)
 * Fabio Celestini (31 October 2023 – present)

President

 * Roland Geldner (1893–1896)
 * Emanuel Schiess (1896–1896)
 * Charlie Volderauer (1896–1899)
 * Ernst-Alfred Thalmann ( 1900–1901)
 * Emanuel Schiess (1901–1902)
 * Ernst-Alfred Thalmann (1902–1902)
 * Josy Ebinger (1902–1903)
 * Ernst-Alfred Thalmann (1903–1907)
 * Siegfried Pfeiffer (1907–1908)
 * Ernst-Alfred Thalmann (1908–1913)
 * Karl Ibach (1913–1913)
 * Carl Albert Hintermann (1913–1914)
 * Ernst-Alfred Thalmann (1914–1915)
 * Philipp Leichner (1915–1915)
 * Franz Rinderer (1915–1918)
 * August Rossa (1918–1919)
 * Bernard Klingelfuss (1919–1920)
 * Franz Rinderer (1920–1921)
 * Carl Burkhardt (1921–1922)
 * Karl Ibach (1922–1925)
 * Carl Burkhardt (1925–1926)
 * Franz Rinderer (1926–1927)
 * Karl Ibach (1927–1927)
 * Karl Junker (1927–1927)
 * Hans Rupprecht (1927–1929)
 * Otto Kuhn (1929–1931)
 * Franz Rinderer (1931–1936)
 * Emil Junker (1936–1939)
 * Albert Besse (1939–1944)
 * Emil Junker (1944–1946)
 * Jules Düblin (1946–1959)
 * Ernst Weber (1959–1962)
 * Lucien Schmidlin (1962–1966)
 * Harry Thommen (1966–1970)
 * Félix Musfeld (1970–1976)
 * René Theler (1976–1980)
 * Pierre Jacques Lieblich (1980–1982)
 * Roland Rasi (1982–1983)
 * Urs Gribi (1983–1986)
 * Peter Max Sutter (1986–1987)
 * Charles Röthlisberger (1987–1992)
 * Peter Epting (1992–1996)
 * René C. Jäggi (1996–2002)
 * Werner Edelmann (2002–2006)
 * Gisela Oeri (2006–2011)
 * Bernhard Heusler (2012–2017)
 * Bernhard Burgener (2017–2020)
 * Reto Baumgartner (2020–)

At the club's Extraordinary General Assembly on 16 January 2012, the 601 attending members appointed Oeri as honorary president.

title: FC Basel


text:
Gorn

The Gorn are a fictional extraterrestrial humanoid reptilian species in the American science fiction franchise Star Trek. They first appeared in a 1967 episode of the original series, "Arena", in which Captain Kirk fights an unnamed Gorn on a rocky planet. The fight scene has become one of the best-remembered scenes of the original series, in part due to the slow and lumbering movement of the Gorn, which some viewers have considered unintentionally comical.

The Gorn have since appeared, or been mentioned, in various Star Trek books, video games, and other media properties, including the 1973 episode "The Time Trap" of Star Trek: The Animated Series. They finally appeared again in live action form in a 2005 episode of Star Trek: Enterprise, "In a Mirror Darkly, Part 2", this time with a more angular appearance and rendered using computer animation. Several Gorn spaceships (though no actual Gorn) appeared in a 2022 episode of Star Trek: Strange New Worlds, "Memento Mori". In a subsequent 2022 episode of Strange New Worlds, "All Those Who Wander", Gorn hatchlings were shown as small, fast-moving, and instantly lethal predators, in contrast to the slow and humanoid adult Gorn previously seen.

Fictional history
According to the Starfleet Technical Manual, the Gorn are from Tau Lacertae IX.

The Gorn had contact with the Orion Syndicate as early as 2154. The name of their government was established as the Gorn Hegemony in the Star Trek: Enterprise episode "Bound".

In the episode "Arena" of the original Star Trek TV series, the Enterprise pursues an alien ship of previously unknown design after it had attacked an Earth colony. A powerful race known as the Metrons force the captains of both ships to fight to settle the dispute. During the episode, it is discovered that the alien race calls themselves Gorn. This formal first contact with the Federation occurred at Cestus III in 2267.

A Gorn appeared in the Star Trek: The Animated Series episode "The Time Trap".

Although the Gorn made territorial claims in the Cestus system in 2267, the Federation had a settlement there by 2371, indicating tension later softened enough for it to become a trading site between them or the Gorn had ceded the territory or had joined the Federation.

In 2005, an episode of Star Trek: Enterprise featured a Gorn (albeit in the Mirror Universe) in the episode "In a Mirror, Darkly Part II". In that episode, the Gorn (whose name was Slar) was an overseer of a group of slaves belonging to the Mirror Universe's Tholians in an attempt to steal technology from the Constitution-class NCC-1764 Defiant which had been transferred into the Mirror Universe from ours. Slar hid in the ship's corridors and killed several crewmembers until it was killed by Jonathan Archer.

A Gorn was slated to appear in the movie Star Trek: Nemesis as a friend of Worf at Riker's bachelor party, according to an interview given by John Logan to Star Trek Communicator in 2003, but the scene was not in the final version of the film.

The series Star Trek: Strange New Worlds features a character, La'an Noonien-Singh (played by Christina Chong) who is the sole survivor of a Gorn attack, an informal first contact before the formal one shown in "Arena". In the 2022 episode "Memento Mori" of Season 1, the Gorn attack the starship Enterprise, and the trauma previously suffered by La'an is a central theme of the episode. The Gorn do not actually appear onscreen in the episode, although several of their ships do. Captain Christopher Pike escapes the attack by luring the Gorn ships into a brown dwarf and slingshotting the Enterprise around a black hole.

The Gorn reappear in an episode of the same season, "All Those Who Wander", wherein details of their biology are revealed. Gorn eggs are implanted in an Orion refugee, who fights the hatchlings and damages the USS Peregrine, crashing it on an ice planet. The Enterprise crew finds another refugee with a similar infestation in the Peregrine. The eggs are unable to be detected by Starfleet and other electromagnetic medical sensors, explaining medical staff's inability to find the infestation and prevent the refugee's death. The Gorn kill two Starfleet officers upon hatching. Noonien-Singh reveals that the hatchlings then fight each other to the death until the strongest one wins. The Enterprise crew use this knowledge to defeat the Gorn before escaping aboard the repaired Peregrine, but not before the Gorn implant eggs in one of the bridge crew, the Aenar engineer Hemmer, forcing him to sacrifice himself by walking out into the planet's cold to destroy the eggs.

Depictions
The Gorn was designed by artist Wah Chang, and is depicted in Arena as a hissing, slow-moving but lethal beast. The Gorn captain was portrayed by Bill Blackburn and Bobby Clark, and voiced by Ted Cassidy.

In the animated series, the Gorn appeared less harsh than in the original.

In the Star Trek: Enterprise appearance, the Gorn Slar was designed and rendered using computer animation, and looked different from the original appearance; the clearest being lack of compound eyes. Slar also moved much faster than the Gorn Captain Kirk fought. Since "In a Mirror, Darkly" takes place entirely within the Mirror Universe, the contact seen between the Terran Empire and the creature does not contradict the first contact seen in "Arena".

The 2022 Strange New Worlds episode "All Those Who Wander", depicts the Gorn as having prodigious speed and agility, and a physical form similar to their forms in the 2013 video game Star Trek (see below). The episode reveals key details of their biology, including their reproduction by mating, and then laying parasitic eggs in a host body through spraying venom at the body. The eggs hatch in a similar manner to the chest bursters from Alien. Gorn hatchlings can grow quickly; they and their egg forms have evolved the ability to evade Starfleet and other electromagnetic medical sensors. The episode also depicts their bodies, being reptilian, as sensitive to, and thus easily killed by, extreme cold.

Books

 * Gorn appear in the 2005 novel STAR TREK – Starfleet Corps of Engineers #44: Where Time Stands Still, a sequel to the animated episode mentioned above.
 * Gorn appear in Star Trek: The Next Generation book #32, Requiem.
 * A Gorn, with a name that sounds like "Rrrk", manages a bar in Arcturus (a city, planet and star all with the same name) in the novel The Lost Years.
 * The Gorn are featured in the 2010 Pocket Books novel Star Trek: Typhon Pact – Seize the Fire They also appear in the Star Trek: Destiny trilogy and the TNG novel Cold Equations: Silent Weapons. In these novels, the Gorn have joined an interstellar organization known as the Typhon Pact (composed of the Gorn, Romulans, Tholians, Breen, Tzenkethi, and Kinshaya).
 * The mirror universe counterparts of the Gorn appeared in Star Trek: Mirror Universe – Rise Like Lions.*
 * Kirk mentions his fight with the Gorn in dialogue with the Romulan Commander in the 1977 novel The Price of the Phoenix.

Comics

 * Gorn burial practices were discussed in an issue of Marvel Comics' Star Trek Unlimited.
 * A Gorn appeared in the first DC Comics run of Star Trek, in 1984. Bones comments that he doesn't have any tranquilizer strong enough to knock out a Gorn.
 * The Gorn homeworld and government chamber are shown in the Star Trek: The Next Generation trade paperback comic book The Gorn Crisis.

Video games

 * A mini-campaign with a Gorn enemy and ally appear in the SNES game and PC game Starfleet Academy. There are video cutscenes featuring a Gorn, portrayed using a puppet. The ships are also playable in skirmish mode, and multiplayer games.
 * Gorn appear in the PC game Starfleet Command.
 * Gorn ships appear in the PC game Klingon Academy. They are also playable in skirmish mode.
 * Gorn appear in the Nintendo game Star Trek: 25th Anniversary.
 * Gorn are available as one of the playable races for the Klingon Empire in the PC game Star Trek Online. The 'Gorn' jokes are a running gag in the online chat and spawned a fan-site of the species.
 * Dr. McCoy referred to performing an emergency delivery of a brood of eight Gorn, noting "those little bastards bite!" in the 2013 film Star Trek Into Darkness. This is most likely a reference to the 2013 video game Star Trek due to McCoy performing a c-section of a Gorn in the game.
 * Kirk and Spock fight the Gorn in the 2012 Star Trek Video Game.
 * The Gorn appear in the 2013 video game Star Trek, set in the alternate universe of the 2009 Star Trek film. Taking place between the first film and its sequel, the Gorn appear as enemies attacking the New Vulcan colony. The Gorn shown are depicted as being a brutal race of imperialistic extra-galactic conquerors who had already taken over their galaxy before crossing over into the Milky Way. They are shown to have a rigid caste system based on skin coloration and intelligence levels with the more intelligent Gorn serving as soldiers, while primitive ones serve an attack-dog role. These Gorn are far more alien-looking and are not as fully bipedal as previous incarnations. Their relations to the Gorn of the original series are not known.
 * In Star Trek: Starfleet Command and Star Trek: Starfleet Command II: Empires at War The Gorn's government was referred to as the Gorn Confederation.
 * The Gorn race also appears in the alternate non-canon Star Fleet Universe, represented in the range of games from Amarillo Design Bureau Inc. as well as the first two Star Fleet Command games (and the Orion Pirates stand-alone add on for Starfleet Command II) from Taldren. These are not considered canon with the Star Trek movies or series. In this continuum, the Gorn Confederation is a powerful empire located coreward of the Romulan Star Empire, also bordering the United Federation of Planets and the Interstellar Concordium. It comprises three genetically related races, each from a neighboring star system, known as Ghdar I, Ghdar II and Ghdar III. They are portrayed as a more civilized and cultured race than as referenced in the Paramount Star Trek universe.
 * They ally in Y174 with the Kzinti Hegemony, the Hydran Kingdoms, the Federation and the Tholian Holdfast in the General War. The alliance between the Gorns and the Federation – following a brief conflict over a misunderstanding regarding the Federation colony on Cestus III, a Gorn world – represents one of the few alliances that is based on mutual trust and desire for friendship as opposed to political convenience. They are mutually antagonistic with the Romulans, with whom they share a border with the Interstellar Concordium, and were among the first races to feel the effects of the ISC War of Pacification.
 * The Gorn appear in the PC/Android/iOS game Star Trek Fleet Command, in which the player can obtain and perform game actions using a Gorn ship ("Gorn Eviscerator"), which resembles the Gorn ship type portrayed in Star Trek: Strange New Worlds. There is also a system containing Gorn ships for the player to destroy for rewards, and a short Gorn themed mission arc.

Board games

 * Gorn ships appeared in Star Trek: Starship Tactical Combat Simulator by FASA. Lead alloy versions of the MA-12 and the BH-2 were available in the late 1980s.

Toys

 * A life-sized Gorn statue was on exhibit in the History of the Future museum in the Las Vegas Hilton's Star Trek: The Experience attraction. Since the attraction's closing, the figure's current whereabouts are unknown.
 * Gorn action figures have been available over the years including the Mego line from the 1970s, appearing in that line's television commercials.

Popular culture

 * MythBusters, a Discovery Channel television show that uses elements of the scientific method to test the validity of rumors, myths, film scenes, adages, Internet videos, and news stories, set out to prove whether or not it was possible for Captain Kirk to have constructed an effective bamboo cannon that could have injured a Gorn, as depicted in the climax of "Arena". Their test showed that available bamboo was not strong enough to withstand the explosion. While Kirk would have been badly injured or killed, the Gorn would have been only slightly injured. However, the James Blish novelization of the episode indicated that although the plant looked like bamboo, it actually had a high metal content, so much so that it let out a distinct metallic sound when Kirk bumped it, the implication being that it was stronger than Earth bamboo.
 * In the 2001 Family Guy episode "The Kiss Seen Around the World", Neil Goldman plays the fight scene from the episode "Arena" in class, showing Captain Kirk fighting the Gorn, pointing out when it is William Shatner performing as Captain Kirk and his stunt double "Fred Lubbins". In reality, the stunt double for the scene was Dick Dial.
 * A Gorn is shown reading Gorn magazine and sitting in Sheldon's spot in the 2010 The Big Bang Theory season 4 episode "The Apology Insufficiency".
 * In the 2011 film Paul, Graeme Willy and Clive Gollings re-enact the canyon fight, Graeme as the Gorn and Clive as Kirk.
 * A Gorn is shown at the conclusion of a dream by Sheldon Cooper in The Big Bang Theory season 5 episode "The Transporter Malfunction" (2012).
 * The Gorn appeared in the 2012 Robot Chicken season 6 episode "In Bed Surrounded by Loved Ones", in which Kirk has "stage 3 space Herpes" and contacts the people he had sex with. One such encounter includes the Gorn (voiced by Fred Tatasciore) too, which they briefly fight before making out.
 * A Gorn appeared with William Shatner in the preview/ad for the Star Trek 2 game in 2013.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Gorn


text:
Talk:Coupe

Photo
Can anybody include a photo of a coupe???. Regards.

Pronunciation
"However, the Oxford English Dictionary lists only "kupe" as a pronunciation and only "coupé" as a spelling, so both the accentless spelling and the two-syllable pronunciation might be considered recent variant forms."

This is, I think, incorrect. My OED gives the word "coupe" (no accent) as meaning "shallow glass or dish; ice cream served in a glass". The pronunciation given using IPA is "koop". For "coupé" (accented), it gives the IPA pronuncation as "koo'pa", though also notes that in American English the accent isn't used and the pronunciation is "koop". Therefore think the only conclusion that can be drawn is what was originally written in this article - that UK and European speakers use the two syllable form and American speakers use the single syllable form - recent variations don't come into it. GRAHAMUK 23:19, 27 Nov 2003 (UTC)
 * Whatever the OED says, any American will tell you that "koop" is the universal pronounciation and "coupe" is the universal spelling in the US. The article takes a rather derogatory tone towards Americans for no good reason. Neither pronunciation is "correct" and claiming that Americans are incapable of "understanding" the accent is just flat-out offensive. The Washington Times uses "coupe", as does Chevrolet . 75.15.117.51 18:08, 22 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Technically speaking, it should be spelt coupé and pronounced with two syllables, as it's a French loanword and this follows the French. It just comes down to how close you want to stay to the word's French roots. Normally though, in the US words are anglicized more. Morrad 22:08, 2 January 2007 (UTC)
 * The French words coupe and coupé mean two completely different things, the first is indeed a shallow glass or bowl (as in 'cup'), the second is the past tense of the verb couper, to cut. Since the car body style refers to the 'cut' meaning as explained in fr:coupé, the right term for the body style is 'coupé'. Calling it "koop" is just ignorance. MH (talk) 21:04, 11 February 2008 (UTC)
 * Or a pronunciation difference, as is inevitable with loanwords from other languages. Chaparral2J (talk) 00:49, 3 December 2008 (UTC)
 * It's easily evitable here because 'coupé' is perfectly pronounceable for speakers of the English language. It does not contain any sound absent in English, so MH is right: it's just ignorance. The Seventh Taylor (talk) 19:19, 3 December 2008 (UTC)
 * That's your opinion. Can you name any European popular music with the word "coupé" in the title and continuously in the song?  "Little Deuce Coupe" is classic, and I'd argue that the word "coupe" does have some originality and uniqueness in American English that wasn't loaned from French.  For my part, I utilize "coupe" for American cars of this style and "coupé" for European cars of this style. Chaparral2J (talk) 04:09, 14 December 2008 (UTC)
 * I think we have to agree with Chaparral2J. It's similar to the pronounciation of the word America in other languages, for example "united estates of amreeka" in Farsi.  Iranians (Farsi speakers) are very capable of pronouncing it correctly, but there is no need to change it.  Everyone understands what they are trying to say.  That's basically what Chaparral2J is trying to say.
 * I know this discussion is old, but it is very immature and ignorant to say that pronouncing it coupe without an accent is wrong. While it may have been a French word, it's use in English may not always be pronounced the same way. To say the entire United States is ignorant because we pronounce something differently than in its original language is just plain idiotic; language is fluid and always changing. TrevorLSciAct (talk) 12:06, 29 March 2011 (UTC)
 * But a coupé pronounced American-English style is a place to keep a small flock of chickens and Sounds uneducated. Eddaido (talk) 21:04, 26 April 2011 (UTC)
 * Except that nobody would think you were driving around in a chicken coop. One word can have different meanings. (Can, would/wood, red/read, etc.) Context makes the difference. Pronunciations you're unfamiliar with may sound odd but that doesn't make them uneducated. The pronunciation of "valet" and "ballet" in British English sounds strange to me but I certainly don't think it's due to ignorance of the original French pronunciation. MultK (talk) 02:30, 7 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Guys - without wanting to be judgemental in any way about pronunciation (loan words change, in British English as well as American English), I think that current explanation in the article for the American pronunciation, that American English follows the French present tense of the verb "couper", seems fanciful. I don't see any evidence that anyone decided that the present tense was more appropriate than the past participle, i.e. it was a separate derivation from the French, and faithful to the present tense. It is overwhelmingly more likely that the pronunciation just changed over time, probably due to the word being read from written text - as frequently happens with loan words. I think that paragraph should be changed to reflect that likelihood, so I have done so. Westmorlandia (talk) 11:41, 4 April 2012 (UTC)

Ah, the Dialect Wars of Wikipedia. I remember those days. I gave sad witness to many grammarians' spirits all but snuffed out in the suffocating discussions of whose English is the superior one. Shiggity (talk) 07:11, 21 January 2015 (UTC)
 * ...in case no one's mentioned it, langauge is fluid and subjective, and trying to state that "koop" or "koo-pay" are definitively the right pronunciations of the word in question is an exercise in ignorance of how language works. Whatever the roots of a word are, the pronunciations and meanings change over time and especially when adopted into the lexicons of other civilizations. The name "John" might be a great example of this. It comes from the Middle English "Jon" or "Jan," which comes from the Old French "Jan" or "Jean" or "Jehan," which comes from the Medieval Latin "Johannes," which comes from the Late Latin "Joannes," which comes from the Greek "Ioannes," which in turn comes from the Hebrew "Yohanan" or "Y'hohanan."

 * In every case we can likely see that the word's roots don't dictate how it ought to be pronounced. Saying "koop" or writing "coupe" instead of "coupé" (koo-pay) is hardly ignorance; it's a valid pronunciation of a word borrowed from French origins. This understanding is based on what we fundamentally know about language, that there is nothing definitive about it perhaps except the fact that there is nothing definitive about it. It's all subjective; there are rules, but those rules don't dictate all of how language evolves. And language does evolve. Just like the word "John" didn't exist in the language of the Henrews, the word "coupe" doesn't exist in the French language. Though one is based off of the other and they have the same meaning, they are not the same word.

 * I read earlier someone saying that in French the words "coupe" and "coupé" have very different meanings. Yes, but, incase you didn't know, we aren't speaking in French when we use the word "coupe." We are speaking English, and we are using an Enlgish word which was a French word but has been Anglicized. It is no longer that word, it is no longer a French word. It is now an American English word. If we were having this discussion about how to pronounce the word "coupé" in French, I might agree with you (though even then, what dictates how a word ought to be pronounced is pretty much just how it is used in the common vernacular, so... if people started saying it differently in French that usage would still be valid). But... we aren't speaking French, we are dealing with how to pronounce an English word taken from French. Honestly, the different meanings of the words "coupe" and "coupé" in French could hardly be less relevant to this discussion. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.174.174.106 (talk) 09:41, 20 November 2016 (UTC)

Quad Coupe — 4-door coupe?
The 2004/5 Saturn ION Quad Coupe has two doors and two suicide doors. According to some sites, including some blue book directories, the Quad Coupe is defined as a 4-door coupe; however, according to Princeton University's WordNet 2.0, a coupe is "a car with two doors and front seats and a luggage compartment". What is the precise terminology for this body style? Thanks. Adraeus
 * Good point. Strictly speaking, "coupe" does NOT mean "2-door".  Historically, there have been MANY 2-door sedans and four-door coupes.  The Saturn is a great modern example of the latter.  Most automotive journalists use coupe to mean a car which has very little or no back seat, while a sedan offers full-sized seats in the rear.  I've also seen specific volume numbers to differentiate the two.  Actually, the best differentiator is in the manufacturer's eyes.  A Cadillac Coupe de Ville is a sedan, strictly speaking, but if Cadillac wants to call it a coupe, who's to tell them otherwise?  We should ammend the description on the page.  Thoughts?  --SFoskett 01:49, Apr 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Here's a newer example, the Mercedes-Benz 2006 CLS500 Coupe with a four-door design. The media has trouble believing that coupes can actually have four-door designs, so they mention "four-door design" once and then persist in incorrectly describing the vehicle as a sedan. Adraeus 20:10, 20 September 2005 (UTC)

A BUICK???!!!
Can we get a better example photo? I mean, really, there's not much cool about a Buick Rivera--coupe or not.

Let's have a Rover P5B Coupé. The most evil looking four door coupe ever..
 * In your opinion. The Riviera pic is fine where it is. --ApolloBoy 02:24, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

Mazda RX8
This car is a coupe too. The most unusual thing about it is the rear doors you can open in the 'opposite' usual way....
 * correct you are right....

Article unclear
Maybe I'm just dumb, but I can't figure out by reading this article and the sedan article what the difference is between one and the other (interior rear volume is mentioned). IS there a difference? Coupés look like Sedans to me... at least the photos look alike. I imagine the lines must be blurred, but is there any intuitive distinction? Maybe a coupé is a SMALL closed car with a trunk and a sedan is a LARGE closed car with a trunk? (I insist: I don't know what either is right now).

The above mention that coupés are not HATCHBACKS would also help... I assume those are what in my national market are called "monovolumes"...

BTW, maybe some mention of international marketing terminology, or reference to an article with that information, would be of help. I just read below that hatchbacks are called squarebacks in Germany, for example. It's all a bit confusing.

 * You are not the only one. Sedan specifically relates to a "saloon" in British English (the article says so), which is a car with a trunk/bootlid that does not raise the rear window (ie you couldn't touch the person's head sitting on the back seat if you lifted a saloon's bootlid). Many coupes (including my own Hyundai Coupe/Tiburon) lift the glass like a hatchback. It does have frameless front windows, but I the B-pillar is structural (the seat belts are mounted from it) although the glass is styled to disguise this from the outside. But how would that make it a "sedan / saloon" as it doesn't affect the boot! So is a Hyundai "Coupe" a coupe, sedan, 2-door hatchback or something else?! (It's certainly NOT a "saloon" in British English terms.) I think the primary distinction at the start based on rear seating being non-existent or for occasional passengers only is also a bit unclear, as there are "coupes" from BMW and others where the seats are full size (the Hyundai is really a 2+2 though). Halsteadk (talk) 11:36, 17 November 2007 (UTC)
 * I think we have to accept that the term is abused by manufacturers in order to market their cars as more sporty. Also, there is overlap in many car body style terms; 2+2, liftback, hatchback, saloon, and coupé are not mutually exclusive in my understanding. (Although "hatchback" and "saloon" used to be, before notchbacks were so common as they are now.) Strictly, they describe a bunch of different things (seats, rear doors, etc.) and are applied to cars to give a bit more information than the conventional "car class" names which just describe size really (supermini, compact, small family car, etc.) My first car, for example, was based on the estate-version chassis of a "medium family saloon" design but was described as a "fastback coupé" — and was a 2+2 into the bargain! ;-)
 * I believe the article shouldn't try to define the term, merely to describe this ambiguity. – Kieran T  (' talk ') 12:02, 17 November 2007 (UTC)

Excessive Euroiron?
Do all the the pictures need to be of European coupes? How about a little more diversity? RivGuySC 02:57, 13 January 2007 (UTC)
 * There are two DaimlerChryslers (the Mercs) and a Ford (the Volvo)... ;-) – Kieran T  (' talk ') 08:50, 13 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Huh, and I was just going to give my old car as a good example of how you can see all three common terms in one model range, at the same time being twisted a good deal to suit the manufacturer's marketing intents :) The old (80s/early 90s) VW Polo... mine was a 'hatchback' (or squareback, to make a direct translation from German 'steilheck' as in the user handbook), essentially a small-volume (but still surprisingly capacious) 3 door estate/station wagon with the steepest tailgate you ever saw outside of a Smart or a Fiat Cinq (but still with what appears to be a nod towards the Kamm method of aerodynamics improvement - a knee halfway down where it becomes completely vertical til it meets the bumper); also available were the 'saloon' (notchback sedan) and the 'coupe' - actually a more generic type of hatchback with about a 45-degree tailgate that hinged much further forwards on the body - though you could well argue that this reduced the interior volume significantly enough to qualify. All three sharing the same main floorpan and forward body panels, but different bodywork rear of the doors (especially the notch having the sealed window and luggage box seemingly cut-and-shut welded to the rear of a perfectly good supermini hatchback), and different engines/transmissions/trim levels available as fitting to their perceived market segments - meek engines with short gearboxes and ghetto trim for the hatch, to make it an efficient shopping cart but still able to squirt into gaps in city traffic, barely more powerful ones with long gears and plush interiors for the saloon (a comfortable but economic long-range cruiser), and a full range from underpowered poverty spec through comfortable GT to supercharged hot hatch setups for the coupe (cool kids' cheap first cars to boy racers). As well as just a(n often terminologically abused) physical shape distinction, it seems also to often be a marketing ploy or a metaphor for a driver's state of mind and attitude.

 * PS I didn't really notice much bias to the article, it seemed fairly well balanced, or at least, gave the information that was needed and any imbalance would really be quite irrelevant. I even feel a bit amused at the american backlash - consider the deluge of content the average euro puts up with that is strongly or completely US-oriented/biased in the course of researching and learning things... and i'm sorry to say our perception of many of your countrymen can be of someone who is... aheh... a bit simple. Probably the effect of the last few presidents (however intelligent they may actually be, their media presence suggests otherwise) and the swathe of fuddle-headed tourists who have nothing better to do with their money than go on a cliched european tour. But I digress... :)  - Tahrey, 13/1/07
 * Yeah, I always thought that Polo was a fascinating bit of marketing. Complicated further by the way the "coupé" was the same shape as the original "standard" hatchback, before they brought out the "squareback" one and made it seem like the standard model. Curious that you mention the term "squareback" being in the owner's manual. With the older VW Type 3, the official name for the estate shape was "Variant", but lots of people call it squareback. Presumably something is getting lost a bit in translation and steilheck is a common(ish) term in German?

 * As for the bias, I agree, I don't think it should have cars from every continent just for the sake of it - the current examples are a good mix, and crucially, most of them (if not all) are sold in the Americas so the readership there will recognise them. Let's for heaven's sake not let political correctness stretch so far as cars! (I feel the need for another ;-) here!) – Kieran T  (' talk ') 23:03, 13 January 2007 (UTC)

More 4-door coupés
Wouldn't the following cars qualify for a mention in the section about four-door coupés?
 * Aston Martin Rapide
 * Maserati Quattroporte
 * Porsche Panamera
 * VW Passat CC

The Seventh Taylor (talk) 21:44, 4 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Including ever more "examples" of 4-door cars would be promoting the manufactures' marketing efforts to make their sedans seem more "sexy" and appealing to customers! After all, the "traditional" coupé automobile has 2-doors with either two seats or perhaps as a 2+2 arrangement for an occasional passenger in the rear seat. All of the examples provided above are regular sedans featuring very steeply raked rear windows and high trunk lids to increase cargo space capacity. The problem is that new aerodynamic vehicle designs are helping automakers blur the traditional design distinctions and marketer's try to exploit the definitions of design names, such as coupé and fastback help to make their models more "sporty" than simply the 4-door sedans that they are! — CZmarlin (talk) 02:56, 6 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Besides, Maserati markets the Quattroporte as a sedan. Porsche intimates from their own Panamera sales brochure/pdf that the Panamera is considered a sedan, not a coupé. As for the VW CC, vw.com places the CC in the Sedan category of their site. And Aston Martin seems to dispense with the coupé vs sedan nonsense altogether, their marketing mavens simply referring to the Rapide as the 'world's most elegant four-door sports car'. I'm sure that'll raise a few hairs over at Nissan, since I believe they were the first to start calling one of their products (Nissan Maxima) a 'four-door sports car'.

 * The term 'coupé' is just a mindset, spindled and manipulated by sales staff and marketing departments to convey a romanticized image in order to sell cars. There's no hard and fast definition that fits all, if there ever had been even before the advent of the internal combustion engine. Look at what the American domestics did back in the 1950s and 1960s with the blurring of 'hardtop', 'fastback' and 'coupe' terminology. Even the descriptions on the origins of the term are confusing enough to make one throw up one's hands and scream 'Madison Avenue'. Monoblocks (talk) 17:46, 2 November 2009 (UTC)

 * * Rover_P5 1967-1973 The four door coupe idea has a longer history than the article indicates. Seasalt (talk) 07:10, 9 August 2020 (UTC)

Spelling
Why is this article not at Coupe? Is this word not spelled without the accent more often than with, in English at least?? 74.75.15.247 (talk) 07:41, 15 May 2009 (UTC)
 * It's only spelled coupe in America because we like to change words from their orignial form. Rosskey711 (talk) 15:42, 25 May 2009 (UTC)
 * In other words, yes, it's more common without an accent and as a single syllable, but there's an issue (assuming the article was created as coupé). —  Llywelyn II   11:00, 9 September 2019 (UTC)
 * It was at coupe. User:Chameleon moved it without consensus and in violation of and it should eventually be moved back. That said, coupé isn't wrong: it's just British. —  Llywelyn II   11:12, 9 September 2019 (UTC)

Etymology
Coupé does come from couper in French, but that misses the point. Coupé is the past participle of couper so that means it's the past tense of cut, but in English cut is the past participle of cut. I think it should be changed to (from the past participle of the French verb couper). I think that would be clearer and it still isn't that wordy. Rosskey711 (talk) 15:52, 25 May 2009 (UTC)

Sunbeam Rapier
The picture in the article titled Sunbeam Alpine is actually a Sunbeam Rapier, my uncle used to have one. The Sunbeam Alpine was a low slung two door sports car.Rngrng1 (talk) 14:56, 19 May 2010 (UTC) Sorry I just read the article in Wiki on Sunbeam Rapier and there was a cheaper version of the Rapier introduced in 1970 called the Sunbeam Alpine Fastback coupe, which lasted only a few years.Rngrng1 (talk) 15:10, 19 May 2010 (UTC)

October 2012
Hi, here is the explanation behind the tags I added: Globalize: I believe the (technical and common usage) definitions vary by country. The article relies heavily on American definitions, and implies that these are accepted worldwide. Four-door coupes: Most people understand that a coupe has 2 doors and a sedan has 4 doors. If Mercedes want to call their CLS a "coupe" that is their choice, however I believe the article should reflect the commonly accepted definition. Classic coupes: In my opinion, the claim that this is a commonly accepted term for 2-door coupes needs to be supported by WP:verifiable references. Cheers, 1292simon (talk) 10:45, 24 October 2012 (UTC)
 * To explain why the word "claimed is used in the intro. If a company produced a blue coloured gizmo and said "it is red", then it could be said that they are "claiming it is red". Since coupe is defined as having 2 doors, I believe use of the word "claimed" is justified. PS Sorry for the blog link, I've fixed this now. 1292simon (talk) 23:11, 17 November 2012 (UTC)

SAE vs. ISO naming convention
I removed the portion of the entry which falsely claimed that the SAE defined coupe by interior volume. In fact, SAE J1100 only mentions station wagons and hatchbacks as passenger car variants. The word "coupe" is not mentioned at all in the paper, nor is the claimed "33 sqft". — Preceding unsigned comment added by 204.153.240.61 (talk) 20:38, 19 July 2013 (UTC)

1980's Audi Coupe.
One of the most ridiculous misapplications of the term of coupe to a vehicle was done by Audi in the 1980's when they called a three door fastback/hatchback the Coupe. That was the model name, even had COUPE embedded into a giant reflective panel between the tail lights. You can brand HORSE onto a sheep but it's still a sheep. ;-) Coupe has become a marketing term while cars with body styles that actually are coupes have become rare. Bizzybody (talk) 22:51, 21 July 2013 (UTC)
 * FYI, that wasn't a hatchback... 82.37.157.134 (talk) 18:48, 25 September 2013 (UTC)
 * Is this the Audi Coupe in question? Unician ∇ 06:02, 7 July 2014 (UTC)
 * Mercedes CLS/CLA, Vauxhall Astra GTC, BMW 6 series GC... The list of 'coupes' goes on. For me a coupe is a two door car with a notchback or fastback rear, but the term was originally used to define types of carriage and, of course, transportation has changed a lost since then, leaving the word pretty much devoid of all meaning. 86.140.240.53 (talk) 08:34, 24 September 2013 (UTC)

Irony as she is spoke
Does anyone else find it bewildering that an article whose title is in British English has been tagged "Use American English"? On what basis has it been decided to use American English in this article? Sincerely, SamBlob (talk) 08:24, 25 January 2014 (UTC)
 * No. The article was started in American English and at coupe and a Brit moved the page without discussion or justification. It should eventually be moved back. — Llywelyn II   11:12, 9 September 2019 (UTC)

Possible illustration of coupé vs. 2-door sedan
Could the difference between a coupé and a 2-door sedan be illustrated by the BMW New Class coupé and the BMW 02 Series of the same period? Sincerely, SamBlob (talk) 01:42, 6 July 2014 (UTC)

Sedan
A car with a rear seating area equal to or greater than twenty six (26) cubic feet. 14:53, 9 November 2017 (UTC)

A close-coupled sedan
I have never seen this description used except in a "dictionary" possibly as an attempted translation from the English "a close coupled saloon". Close coupled came from carriages which had very little room between the (bench) seats facing each other. Close-coupled saloons (expensive cars) became sports saloons (mid range cars) in the 1930s and 1940s. They had four side windows and not six (and very much less headroom/height and kneeroom at the back).

A four-door coupé (Rover 3-litre) or four-door hardtop (USA) is the exact mid-century equivalent of close-coupled saloon aka sports saloon. Hope that helps, 05:10, 30 April 2018 (UTC)

Drophead Coupé
A drophead coupé is a coupé. Someone has developed a fixation on fixed head coupés being the only kind of coupé. Eddaido (talk) 07:41, 11 June 2018 (UTC)
 * According to these pages, a drophead coupe is a convertible: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10. Cheers, 1292simon (talk) 03:13, 12 June 2018 (UTC)
 * Fair enough but isn't that for the advertiser to decide? They are hoping to sell a product to people who may have no idea what a coupé is.

 * How would you distinguish between these vehicles?:

 * I think the problem arises because in the 1930s and 1940s USA built two-door sedans which they called coops (and spelt coupes, not coupés) and again they chose their own name, convertible, for a body style known by other names elsewhere. Would it be a useful idea to incorporate a section which makes clear the difference between usage in US (and maybe Canada?) and other English speaking places?

 * There was also a period when US laws outlawed "convertibles" or just open cars and ended the run of English sports cars in the US. So I suspect its probably true that of recent times few production cars have had folding or removable roofs or am I wrong there? Of course I imagine modern methods of integral construction make topless vehicles absurdly expensive (and unsaleable?) because so much strength is removed along with the roof. Eddaido (talk) 03:02, 13 June 2018 (UTC)

 * If you look through the links, you'll see they're not just ads. The variety of links indicate that convertible is the more widely understood term.

 * As you say, the terminology is a complex area with regional differences. So I have no issue with a section on Drophead Coupes being added to explain this. However, including the Dropheads throughout the article is likely to confuse the average reader. Cheers, 1292simon (talk) 23:29, 13 June 2018 (UTC)

Move
As mentioned above, the article uses and has used American English since its creation and should never have been moved (without discussion) to the British spelling in the first place. It should be restored to coupe, although obviously the British spelling should be mentioned and linked over. — Llywelyn II   11:41, 9 September 2019 (UTC)

Images
Maybe this was a conscious decision, but this article has way too many images. I think people get the point with 8, but 16? If nobody responds in a week I'll likely just take 75% of the images at the latter half and put them into a gallery. Images help, but an article isn't meant to be a photo-shoot. puggo (talk) 22:42, 21 August 2020 (UTC)

Requested move 16 February 2021

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: Page moved. The article was originally Coupe but was moved on 3 July 2005 without discussion, and it was moved for the alternative spelling Coupé. That is a clear violation of WP:RETAIN — "An article should not be edited or renamed simply to switch from one variety of English to another". Also, the RM initiator demonstrated "Coupe" is the common name via Google Ngrams. (closed by non-admin page mover) Jerm (talk) 11:06, 23 February 2021 (UTC)

Coupé → Coupe – Per WP:COMMONNAME. The most common English spelling is without the accent per the Google Ngrams. The accent is also not commonly pronounced in English either. Rreagan007 (talk) 07:48, 16 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Support per nom.--Ortizesp (talk) 15:33, 16 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Support per common name and use English Red   Slash  19:30, 16 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Oppose This isn't the US Wikipedia, and this isn't for chickens. Stick with British/Irish/Indian English per WP:RETAIN. Also Coupé is pronounced correctly in America when talking about coupé (carriage). In ictu oculi (talk) 11:46, 17 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Well, this article was originally at the unaccented form and was moved without discussion, so per WP:RETAIN the article should be moved back to where it originally was. And this article is supposed to be written in American English according to the tag on the talk page. But the unaccented form is also the most common British spelling per the Google Ngrams. So either way, your WP:RETAIN argument doesn't really apply. Rreagan007 (talk) 03:16, 18 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Hello In ictu oculi! First, I do not follow what you mean by your observation about the change "isn't for chickens." Second, the article was originally established in 2003 as "coupe." According to WP guidelines, the original English type should be then retained in the article (MOS:RETAIN). Third, the recommendation for English Wikipedia is that "article titles are written using the English language" unless there are words that are taken directly from a foreign language. This helps explain the example you have provided about coupé (carriage) because the article refers to the French origin of a (typically) horse-drawn carriage with an outside front seat for the driver and enclosed passenger compartment seats for two. On the other hand, the article under consideration here is about the use of this word to describe an automobile body design. This design is typically described in most English language automotive media and also within the industry as "coupe" (without the accent mark). On the other hand, the hospitality industry often uses this world with an accent mark to describe drinking glasses that have a relatively thick stem and shallow bowl, most often used for cocktails, champagne, or even ice cream! However, the WP article about this item is entitled Champagne glass, probably because that name is more common. Once again, common usage prevails for naming WP articles. In short, things can change "in the blink of an eye" or even a French accent mark. According to WP guidelines, what should be used "is commonly used by English-language sources" for English article titles. That is why I support the proposed change for this automotive body style. Other English varieties should be mentioned, just like the Sedan (automobile)) that has a section called "International terminology." Hope this helps! Cheers! CZmarlin (talk) 17:54, 17 February 2021 (UTC)

 * Support per nom. This isn't the UK Wikipedia, either. (and I'm assuming the "chickens" reference meant this) --Vossanova o< 20:09, 17 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Hi Vossanova: Yes, some chickens are cooped up, but that is "a horse of another color!" In this case, we are not discussing animals, but vehicles or - sometimes - glassware! Nevertheless, it was pointed out by LlywelynII back in 2019 that Chameleon moved the article over to the accented title without any consensus and in violation of WP:engvar. This user move was clearly a chameleon of WP guidelines. Once again, the word "coupé" is not entirely wrong, but the title should be without the French accent for purposes of this article. Thanks! CZmarlin (talk) 20:45, 17 February 2021 (UTC)

 * Comment I've been looking for precedence. Found Café (spelled as such throughout the Coffeehouse article), Toupée, and Résumé.  However, those words are always pronounced with a long A at the end, and so the accent mark indicates not to pronounce them like "safe", "groupie", or "assume".  So it comes down to which pronunciation of Coupe/Coupé is more widely accepted (regarding the automobile style, which is the primary subject of this page). As for MOS:RETAIN, I don't think that's quite fair as it was changed without discussion like said before. --Vossanova o< 16:42, 18 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Oppose. This would seem to be the common spelling in many countries, including the UK. The Oxford English Dictionary lists it as coupé with the note " In U.S. frequently spelt coupe...". Given it was moved in 2005, only two years after it was created and when it was only a stub, and the title has been stable ever since, WP:RETAIN clearly applies. -- Necrothesp (talk) 14:10, 19 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Since the article was started with the unaccented from, WP:RETAIN would mean that the article should not have been moved in the first place, and thus it should be moved back. The Google Ngrams also dispute that the accented version is the most common British spelling. Rreagan007 (talk) 16:50, 19 February 2021 (UTC)

 * Comment I think the wider problem here is why does this article have an American English tag? It clearly doesn't meet MOS:TIES.  If a compelling reason to use American English can be shown then we should use 'coupe' otherwise it should be unchanged—blindlynx (talk) 22:14, 19 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Because the article was started using American English, and we don't switch articles from one version of English to another. Rreagan007 (talk) 00:05, 20 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Hello Blindlynx! I am not sure of the reason this article does not meet the WP guideline of maintaining "strong ties to a particular English-speaking nation should use the (formal, not colloquial) English of that nation." Can you point out differences in the use of a French version of the word in South African-, Australian-, or Indian-English varieties? As far as I can tell, there is no evidence that the French version has strong ties to a particular English-speaking nation. In the case of the American-version of coupe, it was a body style offered by Ford in 1919 (see sales brochure description). A 1924 Model T Coupe is owned by the Smithsonian and the coupe model is described in the company's sales brochure. Millions of those (automobile) coupes were built while horse-drawn carriages (including coupés) were still in use. Moreover, there is no question that the article was established by using the US Engish version. Thus, the reason for having the American English tag on the talk page. As mentioned several times, the guideline of WP:RETAIN applies in this case. Thanks! CZmarlin (talk) 01:17, 20 February 2021 (UTC)

 * The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

é
Alt+130. You're welcome. YBSOne (talk) 11:51, 25 November 2022 (UTC)

Coupe vs Sedan
The reason why there's four door coupes and two door sedans, is because the definition was originally something like "a vehicle with a rear seating area less than/exceeding 23 cubic feet". The sedan would be vehicle with the larger volume, irrespective of door count, and vice-versa 57.135.233.22 (talk) 06:53, 22 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Coupe


text:
John Carradine

John Carradine (born Richmond Reed Carradine; February 5, 1906 – November 27, 1988) was an American actor, considered one of the greatest character actors in American cinema. He was a member of Cecil B. DeMille's stock company and later John Ford's company, known for his roles in horror films, Westerns, and Shakespearean theater, most notably portraying Count Dracula in House of Frankenstein (1944), House of Dracula (1945), Billy the Kid Versus Dracula (1966), and Nocturna: Granddaughter of Dracula (1979). Among his other notable roles was “Preacher Casy” in John Ford’s The Grapes of Wrath. In later decades of his career, he starred mostly in low-budget B-movies. In total, he holds 351 film and television credits, making him one of the most prolific English-speaking film and television actors of all time.

Carradine was married four times, had five children, and was the patriarch of the Carradine family, including four sons and four grandchildren who are or were also actors.

Early life
Carradine was born in New York City the son of William Reed Carradine, a correspondent for the Associated Press, and his wife, Genevieve Winnifred Richmond, a surgeon. William Carradine was the son of evangelical author Beverly Carradine. The family lived in Peekskill, New York and Kingston, New York. William Carradine died from tuberculosis when his son John was two years old. Carradine's mother then married "a Philadelphia paper manufacturer named Peck, who thought the way to bring up someone else's boy was to beat him every day just on general principle." Carradine attended the Christ Church School in Kingston and the Episcopal Academy in Merion Station, Pennsylvania, where he developed his diction and his memory skills from portions of the Episcopal Book of Common Prayer meted out as a punishment.

Carradine's son David claimed his father ran away when he was 14 years old. He later returned and studied sculpture at Philadelphia's Graphic Arts Institute. Carradine lived with his maternal uncle, Peter Richmond, in New York City for a while, working in the film archives of the public library. David said that while still a teenager, his father went to Richmond, Virginia, to serve as an apprentice to Daniel Chester French, the sculptor who created the statue of Abraham Lincoln for the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. He traveled for a time, supporting himself painting portraits. "If the sitter was satisfied, the price was $2.50," he once said. "It cost him nothing if he thought it was a turkey. I made as high as $10 to $15 a day." During this time, he was arrested for vagrancy. While in jail, Carradine was beaten, suffering a broken nose that did not set correctly. This contributed to "the look that would become world famous."

David Carradine said, "My dad told me that he saw a production of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice when he was 11 years old and decided right then what he wanted to do with his life". He made his stage debut in 1925 in New Orleans in a production of Camille and worked for a time in a New Orleans Shakespeare company. Carradine joined a tent repertory theater under the management of R. D. MacLean, who became his mentor. In 1927, he took a job escorting a shipment of bananas from Dallas, Texas to Los Angeles, where he eventually picked up some theater work under the name of Peter Richmond, in homage to his uncle. He became friends with John Barrymore, and began working for Cecil B. DeMille as a set designer. Carradine, however, did not have the job long. "DeMille noticed the lack of Roman columns in my sketches," Carradine said. "I lasted two weeks." Once DeMille heard his baritone voice, however, he hired him to do voice-overs. Carradine said, "the great Cecil B. DeMille saw an apparition – me – pass him by, reciting the gravedigger's lines from 'Hamlet', and he instructed me to report to him the following day." He became a member of DeMille's stock company and his voice was heard in several DeMille pictures, including The Sign of the Cross.

Career
Carradine's first film credit was Tol'able David (1930), but he claimed to have done 70 pictures before getting billing. Carradine claimed to have tested, as an unknown – along with well-known leading men Conrad Veidt, William Courtenay, Paul Muni, and Ian Keith – for the title role in Dracula, but the historical record does not support the claim. The part eventually went to Bela Lugosi. Carradine later played the Count in the 1940s Universal Studios Dracula sequels House of Frankenstein and House of Dracula. Carradine also claimed to have tested for the monster role in Frankenstein (1931), though again, no account exists other than his own that he actually did so. By 1933, he was being credited as John Peter Richmond, perhaps in honor of his friend, John Barrymore. He adopted the stage name "John Carradine" in 1935, and legally took the name as his own two years later. In 1935's Bride of Frankenstein, Carradine had a brief uncredited walk on role as a hunter in the forest.

On April 11, 1934, Wilfred Talbot Smith and Regina Kahl of Ordo Templi Orientis held a "Crowley Night on Winona Blvd" at Agape Lodge. Martin Starr recounts that "It included a program of recitation of (Aleister) Crowley's poetry, rituals and sacred texts...One surprising name was among the participants: the stage and motion picture actor John Carradine...who read the Crowley poem, "O Madonna of the Golden Eyes."

By 1936, Carradine had become a member of John Ford's stock company and appeared in The Prisoner of Shark Island. In total, he made 11 pictures with Ford, including his first important role, as Preacher Casy in The Grapes of Wrath (1940). Other Ford films in which Carradine appeared include The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance (1962) and Stagecoach (1939).

He also portrayed the Biblical hero Aaron in DeMille's The Ten Commandments (1956), he dominated Hitler's Madman (1943) as Reinhard Heydrich, and he portrayed Bob Ford in Henry King's 20th Century Fox production Jesse James (1939), among many many others during this time frame.

Carradine did considerable stage work, much of which provided his only opportunity to work in a classic drama context. He toured with his own Shakespearean company in the 1940s, playing Hamlet and Macbeth. His Broadway roles included Ferdinand in a 1946 production of John Webster's The Duchess of Malfi, the Ragpicker in a 13-month run of Jean Giraudoux's The Madwoman of Chaillot, Lycus in a 15-month run of A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum, and DeLacey in the expensive one-night flop Frankenstein in 1981. He also toured in road companies of such shows as Tobacco Road and Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, in which he was properly emaciated as the cancer-ridden Big Daddy, a part, he said, which Tennessee Williams wrote for him.

Carradine claimed to have appeared in more than 450 movies, but only 225 movies can be documented. His count is closer to fact if theatrical movies, made-for-TV movies, and television programs are included. He often played eccentric, insane, or diabolical characters, especially in the horror genre with which he had become identified as a "star" by the mid-1940s. He occasionally played a heroic role, as in The Grapes of Wrath, in which he played Casy, the ill-fated "preacher", and he occasionally played a sympathetic role, as in Son of Fury: The Story of Benjamin Blake, in which he played Blake's shipmate, who escapes with him to a tropical island full of riches.

He appeared in dozens of low-budget horror films from the 1940s onwards, to finance a touring classical theater company. He also played a small but important role in the very-high-budget comedy The Court Jester, which was at the time of its release the most expensive comedy film ever made. He played a mad scientist in Woody Allen's Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Sex* (*But Were Afraid to Ask). He sang the theme song to one film in which he appeared briefly, Red Zone Cuba. Carradine also made more than 100 acting appearances on television over a period of 39 years. His first performance on the "small screen" was on the DuMont Television Network in 1947, when he played Ebenezer Scrooge in a broadcast presentation of A Christmas Carol. His final role on television was in 1986 as Professor Alex Stottel on a revival of the classic series The Twilight Zone, in an episode segment titled "Still Life." Some examples of other television series on which he appeared include My Friend Flicka, Johnny Ringo (as The Rain Man), and Place the Face, NBC's Cimarron City as the foreboding Jared Tucker in the episode "Child of Fear" and on William Bendix's Overland Trail in the 1960 episode "The Reckoning," on Harrigan and Son starring Pat O'Brien in the episode "A Matter of Dignity," Maverick in "Red Dog" starring Roger Moore and Lee Van Cleef, Sugarfoot, The Rebel, and The Legend of Jesse James, on the syndicated adventure series Rescue 8 with actor Jim Davis and in two episodes of the western TV series Bonanza ("Springtime" and "Dead Wrong"). John Carradine also appeared in 1959 as the mind reader in The Rifleman episode of the same name.

Carradine also made recurring appearances as the mortician Mr. Gateman on the television comedy series The Munsters. He appeared as well in both of Irwin Allen's classic 1960s science-fiction television series Lost in Space and Land of the Giants. In 1975 he was in an episode of Sid and Marty Croft's, "Far Out Space Nuts" with Tom McGann and Bob Denver. In 1985, Carradine won a Daytime Emmy Award for his performance as an eccentric man who lives by the railroad tracks in the Young People's Special Umbrella Jack.

In 1982, he supplied the voice of the Great Owl in the animated feature The Secret of NIMH. Also, he played the voice of the Wizard in the English-dubbed version of Aladdin and the Magic Lamp. One of Carradine's later appearances was Peggy Sue Got Married in 1986. Carradine's last released film credit was Jack-O, released years after his death.

Carradine's deep, resonant voice earned him the nickname "The Voice". He was known as the "Bard of the Boulevard" due to his idiosyncratic habit of strolling Hollywood streets while reciting Shakespearean soliloquies, something he always denied.

Personal life and death
Carradine was married four times. He married his first wife, Ardanelle Abigail McCool (January 25, 1911 – January 26, 1989), in 1935. She was the mother of Bruce and David. John adopted Bruce, Ardanelle's son from a previous marriage. John had planned a large family, but according to the autobiography of his son David, after Ardanelle had had a series of miscarriages, Carradine discovered that she had repeated "coat hanger" abortions, without his knowledge, which rendered her unable to carry a baby to full term. After only three years of marriage, Ardanelle Carradine filed for divorce, but the couple remained married for another five years.

They divorced in 1944 when David was seven years old. Carradine left California to avoid court action in the alimony settlement. After the couple engaged in a series of court battles involving child custody and alimony, which at one point landed Carradine in jail, David joined his father in New York City. By this time, his father had remarried. For the next few years, David was shuffled among boarding schools, foster homes, and reform school.

In 1945, immediately following his divorce from Ardanelle, Carradine married Sonia Sorel (May 18, 1921 – September 24, 2004), who had appeared with him in the 1944 film Bluebeard. Sonia, who had adopted the stage name of Sorel, was the daughter of San Francisco brewer Henry Henius, granddaughter of biochemist Max Henius, and a great-niece of the historian Johan Ludvig Heiberg. Together, Carradine and Sonia had three sons, Christopher, Keith, and Robert. Their divorce in 1957 was followed by an acrimonious custody battle, which resulted in their sons being placed in a home for abused children as wards of the court. Keith Carradine said "It was like being in jail. There were bars on the windows, and we were only allowed to see our parents through glass doors. It was very sad. We would stand there on either side of the glass door crying".

Eventually, Carradine won custody of the children. For the next eight years, Sonia was not permitted to see the children. Robert Carradine said that he was raised primarily by his stepmother, his father's third wife, Doris (Rich) Grimshaw, and believed her to be his mother until he was introduced to Sonia Sorel at a Christmas party when he was 14 years old. He told a journalist "I said, 'How do you do?' Keith took me aside and said 'That's our real mother.' I didn't know what he was talking about. But he finally convinced me."

When John Carradine married Doris (Erving Rich) Grimshaw in 1957, she already had a son, Dale, from a previous marriage and a son, Michael, from a later relationship. Both Dale and Michael, along with Sonia Sorel's son, Michael Bowen, are sometimes counted among John Carradine's eight sons. She was a one-time studio typist who typed the script to The Treasure of the Sierra Madre and who played a few roles in film and television. Doris died in 1971 in a fire in her apartment in Oxnard, California. The fire was caused by a burning cigarette. She had been rescued from a similar fire two weeks earlier. At the time of her death, Carradine and she were separated. Carradine was married a fourth time, from 1975 to his 1988 death, to Emily Cisneros.

Semi-retired by the late 1980s, Carradine suffered from painful and crippling rheumatoid arthritis in the years before he died from heart and kidney failure at the Ospedale Fatebenefratelli e Oftalmico in Milan, Italy on November 27, 1988, at the age of 82. Hours before he was stricken, he had climbed the 328 steep steps of Milan's Gothic cathedral, the Duomo. According to David Carradine, his father had just finished a film (Buried Alive) in South Africa and was about to begin a European tour. David was with him, reading Shakespeare to him in his hospital bed, when he succumbed to his condition. By the time David and Keith Carradine had arrived at their father's bedside at the hospital, he was unable to speak. "I was told that his last words were 'Milan: What a beautiful place to die.'" David recalled, "but he never spoke to me or opened his eyes. When he died, I was holding him in my arms. I reached out and closed his eyes. It's not as easy as it is in the movies." There was a mass for John Carradine at St. Thomas the Apostle Episcopal Church in Hollywood. An Irish wake followed, and his body was buried at sea between the California coast and Catalina Island.

Legacy
For his contributions to the film industry, Carradine was inducted into the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1960 with a motion pictures star located at 6240 Hollywood Boulevard. In 2003, he was inducted into the Western Performers Hall of Fame at the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

Four of Carradine's five sons became actors: David, Robert, Keith, and Bruce. David had a prolific career, amassing 227 movie and television credits by the time of his death in 2009. He also had a brief Broadway career and produced and directed a number of independent projects. His success often led to work for other members of his family, including his father. The two appeared together in a few films, including The Good Guys and the Bad Guys (1969) and Boxcar Bertha (1972), produced by Roger Corman and directed by Martin Scorsese.

David's television series Kung Fu featured his father John and half-brother Robert in the episode "Dark Angel". John appeared as the same character, the Reverend Serenity Johnson, in two more episodes: "The Nature of Evil" and "Ambush". David's brothers Bruce and Keith appeared in the series, with Keith playing David's character as a teenager for a brief period. David, Keith, and Robert appeared together in a humorous cameo on The Fall Guy, on an episode titled "October the 31st", in which their father co-starred.

Robert appeared with his father in an episode of the first Twilight Zone revival television series in 1986. The episode segment titled "Still Life" featured Robert as a photographer who discovers an unusual camera and his father as a college professor who helps him discover the camera's secret.

Television roles
The following are only a few examples of the many roles John Carradine performed on television between 1947 and 1986:

 * My Friend Irma, CBS comedy (1952–1954) as Mr. Corday
 *  An Evening with Hamlet, CBS comedy (1954) as Cameron Whitfield
 * Cheyenne, TV western (1957) Episode – "Decision at Gunsight" as Delos Gerrard
 * The Restless Gun as Arch in Episode "More Than Kin"
 * The Rifleman, TV western (1959) Episode – "The Photographer" as Abel Goss
 * Gunsmoke, TV western (1959) as Kader
 * The Twilight Zone (1959) Episode – "The Howling Man" (1960) as Brother Jerome
 * Maverick in "Red Dog" (1960) starring Roger Moore, Lee Van Cleef and Sherry Jackson
 * The Rebel, TV western (1961) as Elmer Dodson
 * Lawman, TV western (1962) Episode - "The Actor" as Geoffrey Hendon
 * The Beverly Hillbillies (1966) Episode - “The Great Jethro” as Marvin Bagby/Marvo the Magnificent
 * The Munsters (1964–1966) as Mr. Gateman (Herman's boss)
 * Lost In Space (television series 1965–1968) Episode – "The Galaxy Gift" (April 26, 1967)
 * Daughter of the Mind (ABC Movie of the Week 1969) as Bosch (December 9, 1969)
 * Night Gallery (episode: "Big Surprise/Quoth the Raven/Prof. Peabody's Last Lecture", 1971)
 * Kung Fu (3 episodes: 1972, 1974 and 1975); as Preacher Serenity Johnson, John played opposite his son David, who was the star of the series.
 * The Night Strangler (1973) as Llewelyn Crossbinder
 * The New Adventures of Wonder Woman (1978) as Harlow Gault
 * The Twilight Zone (1985) Episode – "Still Life" (1985) as Professor Stottel

title: John Carradine