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Hal Abelson

Harold Abelson (born April 26, 1947) is an American mathematician and computer scientist. He is a professor of computer science and engineering in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), a founding director of both Creative Commons and the Free Software Foundation, creator of the MIT App Inventor platform, and co-author of the widely-used textbook Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs, sometimes also referred to as "the wizard book."

He directed the first implementation of the language Logo for the Apple II, which made the language widely available on personal computers starting in 1981; and published a widely selling book on Logo in 1982. Together with Gerald Jay Sussman, Abelson developed MIT's introductory computer science subject, The Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs (called by the course number, 6.001), a subject organized around the idea that a computer language is primarily a formal medium for expressing ideas about methodology, rather than just a way to get a computer to perform operations. Abelson and Sussman also cooperate in codirecting the MIT Project on Mathematics and Computation. The MIT OpenCourseWare (OCW) project was spearheaded by Abelson and other MIT faculty.

Abelson led an internal investigation of MIT's choices and role in the prosecution of Aaron Swartz by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), which concluded that MIT did nothing wrong legally, but recommended that MIT consider changing some of its internal policies.

Education
Abelson graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in mathematics from Princeton University in 1969 after completing a senior thesis on Actions with fixed-point set: a homology sphere, supervised by William Browder.

He received his PhD in mathematics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1973 after completing his research on Topologically distinct conjugate varieties with finite fundamental group supervised by Dennis Sullivan.

Career and research
Abelson is also a founding director of Creative Commons and Public Knowledge, and a director of the Center for Democracy and Technology.

Computer science education
Abelson has a longstanding interest in using computation as a conceptual framework in teaching. He directed the first implementation of Logo for the Apple II, which made the language widely available on personal computers starting in 1981; and published a widely selling book on Logo in 1982. His book Turtle Geometry, written with Andrea diSessa in 1981, presented a computational approach to geometry which has been cited as "the first step in a revolutionary change in the entire teaching/learning process." In March 2015, a copy of Abelson's 1969 implementation of Turtle graphics was sold at The Algorithm Auction, the world’s first auction of computer algorithms.

Together with Gerald Jay Sussman, Abelson developed MIT's introductory computer science subject, Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs, a subject organized around the notion that a computer language is primarily a formal medium for expressing ideas about methodology, rather than just a way to get a computer to perform operations. This work, through the textbook of the same name, videotapes of their lectures, and the availability on personal computers of the Scheme dialect of Lisp (used in teaching the course), has had a worldwide impact on university computer science education.

He is a visiting faculty member at Google, where he was part of the App Inventor for Android team, an educational program aiming to make it easy for people with no programming background to write mobile phone applications and "explore whether this could change the nature of introductory computing". He is coauthor of the book App Inventor with David Wolber, Ellen Spertus, and Liz Looney, published by O'Reilly Media in 2011. After Google released App Inventor as open source software in late 2009 and provided seed funding to the MIT Media Lab in 2011, Abelson became codirector of the MIT Center for Mobile Learning to continue development of App Inventor.

Computing tools
Abelson and Sussman also cooperate in codirecting the MIT Project on Mathematics and Computation, a project of the MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL), formerly a joint project of the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (AI Lab) and MIT Laboratory for Computer Science (LCS), CSAIL's components. The goal of the project is to create better computational tools for scientists and engineers. But even with powerful numerical computers, exploring complex physical systems still requires substantial human effort and human judgement to prepare simulations and to interpret numerical results.

Together with their students, Abelson and Sussman are combining methods from numerical computation, symbolic algebra, and heuristic programming to develop programs that not only perform massive numerical computations, but that also interpret these computations and discuss the results in qualitative terms. Programs such as these could form the basis for intelligent scientific instruments that monitor physical systems based upon high-level behavioral descriptions. More generally, they could lead to a new generation of computational tools that can autonomously explore complex physical systems, and which will play an important part in the future practice of science and engineering. At the same time, these programs incorporate computational formulations of scientific knowledge that can form the foundations of better ways to teach science and engineering.

Free software movement
Abelson and Sussman have also been a part of the free software movement (FSM), including serving on the board of directors of the Free Software Foundation (FSF).

Abelson is known to have been involved in publishing Andrew Huang's Hacking the Xbox and Keith Winstein's seven-line Perl DeCSS script (named qrpff), and Library Access to Music Project (LAMP), MIT's campus-wide music distribution system. The MIT OpenCourseWare (OCW) project was spearheaded by Hal Abelson and other MIT faculty.

Aaron Swartz investigation
In January 2013, open access activist Aaron Swartz died by suicide. He had been arrested near MIT and was facing up to 35 years imprisonment for the alleged crime of downloading Journal Storage (JSTOR) articles through MIT's open access campus network.

In response, MIT appointed professor Hal Abelson to lead an internal investigation of the school's choices and role in the prosecution of Aaron Swartz by the FBI. The report was delivered on July 26, 2013. It concluded that MIT did nothing wrong legally, but recommended that MIT consider changing some of its internal policies.

Awards and honors

 * Designated as one of MIT's six inaugural MacVicar Faculty Fellows, in 1992, in recognition of his significant and sustained contributions to teaching and undergraduate education
 * 1992 Bose Award, the MIT School of Engineering teaching award
 * 1995 Taylor L. Booth Education Award, given by IEEE Computer Society, cited for his continued contributions to the pedagogy and teaching of introductory computer science
 * 2011 ACM Karl V. Karlstrom Outstanding Educator Award for "his contribution to computing education, through his innovative advances in curricula designed for students pursuing different kinds of computing expertise, and for his leadership in the movement for open educational resources"
 * 2012 Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) SIGCSE Award for Outstanding Contribution to Computer Science Education

Publications

 * Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs
 * Turtle Geometry: The Computer As a Medium for Exploring Mathematics
 * Blown to Bits: Your Life, Liberty, and Happiness After the Digital Explosion
 * App Inventor 2: Create Your Own Android Apps

title: Hal Abelson


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Lincoln Bank Tower

The Lincoln Bank Tower in Fort Wayne, Indiana, United States, is an Art Deco highrise building. Construction started in late 1929 with the building's opening on November 16, 1930. For decades, it was the tallest building in the state. The building was also known as "Lincoln Bank Tower" to distinguish it from the building at 215 Berry Street, which had been known as the "Lincoln Life Building" from 1912 until 1923. Today, the other building is commonly known by its original name, the Elektron Building.

History
Lincoln National Bank and Trust was chartered as The German American National Bank in 1905. Due to anti-German sentiment that arose from World War I, the German American National Bank became Lincoln National Bank on May 31, 1918.

The choice of Lincoln as a name was appealing. Not only was there the thriving insurance company, also founded in 1905, down the street, but people were still excited about the Lincoln Highway, (the main street of America) that passed through Fort Wayne to be the first coast-to-coast highway in the United States. In 1928, Lincoln National Bank merged with Lincoln Trust Company (formerly known as Strauss Brothers Commercial Bank) to become Lincoln National Bank and Trust.

Shortly after Lincoln National Bank and Trust was formed, President Charles Buesching commissioned a skyscraper to serve as headquarters for the new bank. Buesching considered it to be a monument to the German immigrants who settled the Fort Wayne area at the turn of the 20th century and formed the backbone of his investors, depositors, and customers. Buesching himself was a German immigrant.

Alvin M. Strauss of Fort Wayne was architect, while Buesching and Hagerman were contractors for the building. Some design elements were based on the Tribune Tower in Chicago. Ground was broken on August 16, 1929, for the building. Despite the Great Crash of the stock market on October 24, construction continued on the $1.3 million structure.

It was the tallest building of any kind in the state until 1962 and the tallest in Fort Wayne until the Fort Wayne National Bank Building (known as National City Center from 1999 to 2009 and as PNC Center since 2009) was built in 1970.

In 1995, the former Lincoln National Bank and Trust, by then part of Norwest Bank, moved into new facilities at Norwest City Center (now known as Wells Fargo Indiana Center). Lincoln Tower was 60% vacant after this move. In 1997, Lincoln Tower was sold at a sheriff's sale. There had been a $2 million default on the mortgage of a building that originally cost $1.3 million to build. In 1998, Tippmann Properties bought Lincoln Tower, and began to carefully refurbish it. A new bank, calling itself Tower Bank, announced it would open in Lincoln Tower, occupying the lobby and some office space. The new bank used a stylized gold version of the Lincoln Bank Tower as its corporate logo, which was designed by prominent Fort Wayne ad agency Boyden & Youngblutt.

Old National Bank acquired Tower Bank in April 2014 and made the Lincoln Bank Tower its Fort Wayne banking market headquarters. Old National also kept the Lincoln Bank Tower banking center and many of Tower's executives. It also retained Tower Private Advisors, the private banking arm of Tower Bank, along with the Lincoln Tower office, and merged it into Old National Wealth Management. Until 2016, Old National also maintained an insurance operation in Fort Wayne, located in Aboite Township. This division was sold and rebranded as ONI Risk Partners.

In 1996, this building was the backdrop in several scenes of In the Company of Men, a film written and directed by Neil LaBute. The main bank lobby was the setting of the final shot. The apartment shown at the end of the movie was the room that is used as the deli in the main lobby. Other scenes were filmed in restrooms and various office spaces throughout the building, including a shot from the roof overlooking the Allen County Courthouse. Twenty years later, Old National Bank and its advertising agency Publicis filmed portions of a television commercial in the bank's lobby. This commercial was aired throughout Old National's market footprint, including to introduce the bank to Wisconsin after the acquisition of a bank in that state.

Building details
Seven bronze panels at the main entrance depict scenes from the life of President Abraham Lincoln. The building is constructed of 1,774 tons of structural steel, faced with 21,250 cubic feet of cut Indiana limestone and granite with gold highlights. It features lead spandrel panels, a 58-ton terra-cotta crown, and 500 tons of marble. At the top of the building is a slender observation tower topped by a flagpole.

Between the entrance and the lobby is a snack shop with the original 1930 soda fountain still in use. The main banking lobby itself is 85 ft wide, 110 ft long, and two stories tall. It contains large art deco murals depicting the industries and the seasons, using elemental symbolism from Greek and Egyptian traditions, such as a female form to represent fecundity and the sun to represent energy. Materials include hand-wrought bronze, Milford granite, Italian Travertine marble, several rate types of green Vermont marble, and Indiana limestone.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Lincoln Bank Tower


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Sydney Parade Avenue

Sydney Parade Avenue Sandymount, Dublin 4, Ireland runs from the land formerly known as Ailesbury Park opposite the Merrion Centre at the Merrion Road end, to the sea of Dublin Bay at the Strand Road. Ailesbury Road joins Sydney Parade at the DART station known as Sydney Parade railway station, originally opened in January 1835. Other side roads off the avenue include

 * Richelieu Park, a cul-de-sac
 * Ailesbury Park,
 * Ailesbury Gardens, which joins with
 * St. Alban's Park, and
 * Park Avenue, the road to Sandymount village.

The Ailesbury Park end of the avenue has been closed to road traffic, since the 1980s. The avenue was formerly spelt Sidney Parade Avenue.

Literary connection
In "A Painful Case" by James Joyce, Mr. and Mrs. Sinico lived in a house called Leoville on Sydney Parade Avenue.

title: Sydney Parade Avenue


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Forest falcon

Forest falcons are members of the genus Micrastur, part of the family Falconidae. They are endemic to the Americas, found from Mexico in the north, south through Central America and large parts of South America, and as far south as northern Argentina. Most are restricted to humid tropical and subtropical forests, but the two most widespread species, the collared and the barred forest falcon, also range into drier and more open habitats.

Forest falcons, like most Accipiter-type hawks (but unlike other falcons), are adapted for agility in thick cover rather than outright speed in the open air. They have short wings, long tails, and extraordinarily acute hearing. While generally visually inconspicuous, their songs are commonly heard.

Their diet is a mixture of birds, mammals, and reptiles. Hunting is often performed in goshawk fashion: the bird takes up a perch in an inconspicuous position and waits for a prey species to pass, then strikes with a short, rapid pursuit. Forest falcons are inventive, flexible hunters, and at least some species (such as the relatively long-legged collared forest falcon) are also capable of catching terrestrial prey on foot.

In 2002, a new species was described, found in the Atlantic forest and the southeastern Amazon of Brazil (and later also confirmed for adjacent parts of Bolivia). It has been named Micrastur mintoni, the cryptic forest falcon, as it is phenotypically highly similar to M. gilvicollis.

Taxonomy and systematics
Micrastur was defined by George Robert Gray in the second edition of his List of the Genera of Birds in 1841. The type species was Temminck's Falco brachypterus, with Illiger's Falco concentricus as a synonym.

Composition of species comprising the genus has varied, with differing opinions on whether particular populations are species or subspecies, and whether collected specimens were different life stages or plumage variants of the same species.

Sclater and Salvin commented in 1869 that "some of the members of the genus Micrastur are at present in a state of great confusion". They listed seven species, of which four are currently recognised and three are considered subspecies.

In 1873, Robert Ridgway noted the similarity of Micrastur to the laughing falcon Herpetotheres. He wrote that "Eight species are given in Gray’s Hand List…, but of this number only five are tenable."

title: Forest falcon


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Everything (disambiguation)

Everything is all that exists.

Everything may also refer to:

 * Universe, everything humans perceive to exist
 * Cosmos, the universe as an orderly system
 * World, the planet Earth, or the sum of human civilization
 * everything, an English indefinite pronoun

Music

 * Everything (band), an American rock band

Albums

 * Everything (Addictiv album) or the title song, 2009
 * Everything (The Bangles album), 1988
 * Everything (Climie Fisher album), 1987
 * Everything (Faye Wong album) or the title song, 1990
 * Everything (Henry Rollins album) or the title track, 1996
 * Everything (Jason McCoy album), 2011
 * Everything (Joe album) or the title song, 1993
 * Everything (Mr. Children album), 1992
 * Everything (P-Money album) or the title song (see below), 2010
 * Everything (R. Stevie Moore album), 1984
 * Everything (Teenage Jesus and the Jerks album), 1995
 * Everything! (Tones on Tail album), 1998
 * Everything (EP) or the title song, by Chely Wright, 2004
 * Everything, by Lido, 2016
 * Everything or the title song, a DVD by Lifehouse, 2005

Songs

 * "Everything" (Alanis Morissette song), 2004
 * "Everything" (Anna Vissi song), 2006
 * "Everything" (Arashi song), 2009
 * "Everything" (Buckcherry song), 2007
 * "Everything" (Dum Dums song), 2000
 * "Everything" (Fefe Dobson song), 2004
 * "Everything" (INXS song), 1997
 * "Everything" (Jody Watley song), 1989
 * "Everything" (M2M song), 2001
 * "Everything" (Mary J. Blige song), 1997
 * "Everything" (Michael Bublé song), 2007
 * "Everything" (Misia song), 2000
 * "Everything" (Nine Inch Nails song), 2013
 * "Everything" (P-Money song), 2008
 * "Everything" (Sebastian Walldén song), 2018
 * "Everything" (TobyMac song), 2018
 * "Everything (It's You)", by Mr. Children, 1997
 * "Everything (Take Me Down)", by Dane Rumble, 2010
 * "Everything", by Bitter:Sweet from Drama, 2008
 * "Everything", by Canela Cox, 2001
 * "Everything", by Collective Soul from Disciplined Breakdown, 1997
 * "Everything", by A Cursive Memory, 2008
 * "Everything", by Eleanor Friedberger from Rebound, 2018
 * "Everything", by Ella Mai from Ella Mai, 2018
 * "Everything", by G Herbo from Humble Beast, 2017
 * "Everything", by Hardline from Double Eclipse, 1992
 * "Everything", by Jeremy Camp from Beyond Measure, 2006
 * "Everything", by The Juliana Theory from Love, 2003
 * "Everything", by Lauren Daigle from Look Up Child
 * "Everything", by Lil Wayne from Lights Out, 2000
 * "Everything", by Limp Bizkit from Three Dollar Bill, Y'all, 1997
 * "Everything", by Michelle Williams from Heart to Yours, 2002
 * "Everything", by Michelle Williams from Journey to Freedom, 2014
 * "Everything", by Nas from Nasir, 2018
 * "Everything", by Neverest, 2011
 * "Everything", by Passenger from Young as the Morning, Old as the Sea, 2016
 * "Everything", by Sam Sparro, 2019
 * "Everything", by Shihad (as Pacifier) from Pacifier, 2002
 * "Everything", by Snoop Dogg from 220, 2018
 * "Everything", by SS501, 2005
 * "Everything", by Stacie Orrico from Genuine, 2000
 * "Everything", by Status Quo from Ma Kelly's Greasy Spoon, 1970
 * "Everything", by Stereo Fuse from Stereo Fuse, 2002
 * "Everything", by Superfruit from Future Friends, 2017
 * "Everything", by Taproot from Welcome, 2002
 * "Everything", by Tiësto from Elements of Life, 2007
 * "Everything", by When in Rome from When in Rome, 1988
 * "Everything (All at Once)", by Arcane Roots from Melancholia Hymns, 2017
 * "Everything (Between Us)", by Liz Phair from Somebody's Miracle, 2005

Other uses

 * Everything (film), a 2004 British film directed by Richard Hawkins
 * Everything (software), a desktop search engine for Windows NTFS drives
 * Everything (video game), a 2017 video game
 * Everything2, a web-based community
 * The Everything Card, an early credit card

title: Everything (disambiguation)


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Biovail

Biovail Corporation was a Canadian pharmaceutical company, operating internationally in all aspects of pharmaceutical products. Its major production facility was located in Steinbach, Manitoba. It merged with Valeant Pharmaceuticals International in 2010.

History
As noted in the February 2009 Settlement Agreement with the Ontario Securities Commission: "Biovail admitted that [...] it violated Ontario securities law and engaged in conduct contrary to the public interest."

On September 28, 2010, Biovail merged with Valeant Pharmaceuticals (Bausch Health). The company retained the Valeant name and J. Michael Pearson as CEO, but was incorporated in Canada and temporarily kept Biovail's headquarters.

Legal issues
A class action suit was filed against Biovail by investors who between December 14, 2006, and July 19, 2007, bought Biovail stock, alleging that the company had failed to disclose that the multi-dose study on depression drug Aplenzin would not be sufficient for the FDA to approve it.

SAC/Gradient Analytics lawsuit and SEC complaint
In March 2006, CBS program 60 Minutes featured Biovail in a story about its lawsuit against hedge fund SAC Capital Partners and Camelback (now known as Gradient Analytics), among others. According to Eugene Melnyk, "there's a group of people that got together and essentially attacked the company by putting out false reports, and we're just fighting back for our shareholders."

The alleged conspiracy began with Camelback, an Arizona stock-analysis firm that advertises that it publishes impartial financial reports on companies to help investors evaluate stocks. In the spring of 2003, the hedge fund SAC asked them for a report on Biovail. Darryl Smith, Mark Rosenblum, Demetrios Anifantis, and Robert Ballash, former Camelback employees, alleged that Camelback had allowed their client SAC to determine the content and timing of their reports on Biovail.

Camelback said those former employees were lying and disgruntled, that Anifantis and Ballash were fired because of unethical conduct; Smith for poor performance; Rosenblum was laid off. These four say they were let go after they complained to their superiors about Camelback's practices. SAC denied all the charges in Biovail's lawsuit and said that the decline in the Biovail's stock was due to earnings shortfalls and regulatory investigations.

In March 2008, the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) sued Biovail and some of its former officers, alleging that "present and former senior Biovail executives, obsessed with meeting quarterly and annual earnings guidance, repeatedly overstated earnings and hid losses in order to deceive investors and create the appearance of achieving earnings goals. When it ultimately became impossible to continue concealing the company's inability to meet its own earnings guidance, Biovail actively misled investors and analysts about the reasons for the company's poor performance." Biovail settled for US$10 million. Gradient Analytics, successor to Camelback, issued a press release stating that the SEC's suit "confirms the validity of Gradient's critical analysis of Biovail but raises serious questions about how companies retaliate against analysts with threats, intimidation, and lawsuits."

60 Minutes has been accused of botching the Biovail story by the Columbia Journalism Reviews Audit columnist and The New York Times Joe Nocera, who felt Lesley Stahl accepted Biovail's conspiracy theories about short sellers without proper consideration.

SAC and Gradient filed a suit against Biovail for malicious prosecution in February 2010. On September 28 Biovail merged into Valeant Pharmaceuticals Inc. On November 4 Valeant announced that they had settled with Gradient, saying "The initiation of litigation against Gradient, its founders Dr. Carr Bettis and Dr. Donn Vickrey, and others in 2006 by Biovail's management at the time was regrettable. We would like to put this incident behind us."

Penalties against Eugene Melnyk
In May 2011, the Ontario Securities Commission in Canada banned Eugene Melnyk from senior roles at public companies in Canada for five years and fined him $565,000. Earlier in the same year Melnyk had settled with the US SEC, agreeing to pay a civil penalty of US$150,000; he had previously paid US$1 million to settle other claims with the SEC.

title: Biovail


text:
Talk:Index of Canada-related articles

Comments
I'm undecided as to whether or not allow individual peoples names on this page or add links such as 'List of people...' who did this or that with their names on a separate page. What does everyone here think? SD6-Agent 06:24, 29 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * There is already a List of Canadians. I don't think we should (or need to) put individual names on the List of Canada-related topics page as well. RedWolf 06:37, Nov 29, 2003 (UTC)

That's why I was deciding against it. I'll remove individual names from this page then. SD6-Agent 06:39, 29 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * That's probably a good idea, otherwise there would be hundreds of links, at least. Although a lot of the names on this page were probably put there by me :) Adam Bishop 07:49, 29 Nov 2003 (UTC)

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table of contents
why isn't it showing up?Catchpoke (talk) 01:11, 24 August 2021 (UTC)
 * fixed Catchpoke (talk) 01:19, 24 August 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Index of Canada-related articles


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Robin's Donuts

Robin's Donuts (commonly shortened to Robin's) is a Canadian chain of over 160 fast food restaurants that operate in every province of Canada except Quebec. In 2017 a Maclean's Magazine Poll ranked Robin's as the 7th best coffee chain out of 15 in Canada.

History
Harvey Cardwell and George Spicer opened the first store in 1975 in Thunder Bay, Ontario as "Robin's Donuts".

In October 2006, Chairman's Brand Corporation took ownership of Robin's Donuts when it purchased Afton Food Group, the former owner of Robin's Donuts, 241 Pizza and Mrs. Powell's Cinnamon Buns.

In 2015 a new logo was created which dropped "Donuts" from the name; this is likely because of the growing number of alternative new menu items.

title: Robin's Donuts


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Talk:Index of lists of fictional animals

Maybe the monkey, ape, and chimp pages should be merged? Eurleif 06:25, 29 Nov 2003 (UTC)
 * I agree especially since a chimpanzee is a type of ape anyway, and I see no reason why chimps deserve their own catergory. I don't mind so much about having seperate lists for apes apes and monkeys but I think it would be better to merge them aswell.
 * For the same reason either a) tigers should be merged with cats or b) tigers should be renamed "big cats" and have all the big cats from cats moved there and cats should be renamed "cats (domestics)" (or something similar. Saul Taylor


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Nurse with Wound

Nurse with Wound (abbreviated NWW) is the main recording name for British musician Steven Stapleton. Nurse with Wound was originally a band, formed in 1978 by Stapleton, John Fothergill and Heman Pathak. The band's work has explored genres such as industrial, noise, dark ambient, and drone.

Musical output
Their early recordings, all made quickly, were heavily influenced by free improvisation and krautrock and were generally considered industrial music, despite the objections of the group.

By 1981, only Stapleton was left from the original trio and he now regards 1982's Homotopy to Marie as being the first proper Nurse with Wound release. There are now over 40 full length NWW titles. Stapleton's fondness for dada, surrealism and absurdist humor are demonstrated in much of NWW's output, which, though it draws directly on a wide assortment of genres (including cabaret music, nursery rhymes, John Cage, The Beach Boys, krautrock, ambient music, and easy listening ), retains a distinctive and recognizable aura. Musique concrète may be the most prominent touchstone due to Stapleton's frequent, and often humorous, use of creative tape loops and editing. This aesthetic is fully represented in the artwork on the album covers, virtually all of which are created by Stapleton, mostly under the pseudonym "Babs Santini".

Members
Although Stapleton has sole curatorship of NWW, the group has a long list of collaborators including Diana Rogerson, James Thirlwell of Foetus, Tony Wakeford, David Jackman of Organum, Andrew McKenzie of The Hafler Trio, Stereolab, Jim O'Rourke, Christoph Heemann, William Bennett of Whitehouse, Robert Haigh, Rose McDowall of Strawberry Switchblade, Annie Anxiety, John Balance of Coil, Matt Waldron of Irr. App (Ext), and most regularly David Tibet of Current 93. For some time, NWW was a core duo of Stapleton and Colin Potter, the latter having first worked with NWW on 1992's "Thunder Perfect Mind" when it was recorded at Potter's ICR studio. Potter has appeared on almost every NWW release since 1992. In 2009, a CD titled "Ød Lot" was released (credited to Nurse With Wound) which contained solo recordings by Stapleton, Potter, Waldron and Andrew Liles.

Current work (2005–present)
In 2005, the band returned to live performance after a 21-year absence. Stapleton, Potter, Waldron, Rogerson and Andrew Liles played three concerts at the Narrenturm in Vienna, where they performed improvisations on the album Salt Marie Celeste. These concerts were not billed as NWW appearances. The first official NWW appearances since 1984 were at the Great American Music Hall in San Francisco in June 2006. In December of the same year, the group played at the All Tomorrow's Parties festival organized by Thurston Moore. During 2007, Stapleton gigged and DJed with much greater regularity, including a set at experimental music night Stress!! in Galway City, Ireland and full live NWW sets is in Austria, Belgium, France, Barcelona, London, Moscow, Berlin and Venice.

A collaborative work with krautrock band Faust was released on CD in 2007 as Disconnected with a vinyl edition carrying additional mixes following in 2008. Nurse recently joined Faust for the encores during the concert at St. John in Hackney. A NWW album entitled Huffin' Rag Blues, primarily a collaboration with British sound artist Andrew Liles, was issued in 2008 with a companion mini-LP entitled The Bacteria Magnet. A remix of Sunn O)))'s ØØ Void entitled The Iron Soul of Nothing was given a limited release with an expanded reissue of the out-of-print studio album The Man with the Woman Face following. An album of new material entitled The Surveillance Lounge was then released as a CD with a limited triple CD called The Memory Surface. A CD of new material entitled Space Music will be released on 17 November 2009.

A recent collaboration was a result of the chance meeting of Nurse With Wound's Steven Stapleton and Graham Bowers, both artists were appearing at Bangor Sound City's first art/sound event 'Wet Sounds' curated by Joel Cahen located at the Bangor Swimming Pool, North Wales, in January 2011. Both were admirers of each other's past works and felt that a collaboration on a new piece of work could be an interesting and exciting prospect; consequently Rupture was the first full-length work, and was released as a double vinyl album/LP, a CD and download. The vinyl album and CD have been released through Dirter.

They followed up to Rupture with Parade, which was released on the interdisciplinary arts group/record label Red Wharf and distributed by Cargo. The third collaboration, ExcitoToxicity, was released July 2014, and the fourth, Mutation released in March 2015 all through Red Wharf and distributed by Cargo.

Discography

 * (selected; a full discography can be obtained from the official website—see links below)

All records released on United Dairies, except where indicated.

Albums

 * Chance Meeting on a Dissecting Table of a Sewing Machine and an Umbrella (1979)
 * To the Quiet Men from a Tiny Girl (1980)
 * Merzbild Schwet (1980)
 * Insect and Individual Silenced (1981)
 * Homotopy to Marie (1982)
 * Ostranenie 1913 (1983)
 * Gyllensköld, Geijerstam And I At Rydberg's (1984)
 * Brained by Falling Masonry (1984)
 * The Sylvie and Babs Hi-Fi Companion (1985)
 * Spiral Insana (1986)
 * Automating Volume One (1986)
 * Scrag! (1987)
 * Drunk with the Old Man of the Mountains (1987)
 * Alas the Madonna Does Not Function (1988)
 * Noise War 4 (1988)
 * Soliloquy for Lilith (1988)
 * Soliloquy for Lilith (Parts 5 and 6) (1989)
 * A Sucked Orange (1989)
 * Bar Maldoror (1991)
 * Thunder Perfect Mind (1992)
 * Large Ladies With Cake in the Oven (1993)
 * Rock 'n Roll Station (1994)
 * Who Can I Turn to Stereo (1996)
 * An Awkward Pause (1999)
 * Alice the Goon (second edition) (2000)
 * Funeral Music for Perez Prado (2001)
 * Man with the Woman Face (2002)
 * Salt Marie Celeste (2003)
 * She and Me Fall Together in Free Death (2003)
 * The Musty Odour of Pierced Rectums (2003)
 * Chance Meeting of a Defective Tape Machine and a Migraine (2003)
 * Shipwreck Radio Volume One (2004)
 * Echo Poeme: Sequence No. 2 (2005)
 * Shipwreck Radio Volume Two (2005)
 * Soundpooling (2006)
 * Stereo Wastelands (2006)
 * Rat Tapes One: An Accumulation of Discarded Musical Vermin 1983–2006 (2006)
 * Shipwreck Radio: The Final Broadcasts (2006)
 * Huffin' Rag Blues (2008)
 * The Surveillance Lounge (2009)
 * Space Music (2009)
 * Paranoia in HiFi (2009)
 * Chromanatron (2013)
 * Dark Fat (2016)
 * Sombrero Fallout (2017)
 * Nerve Junction (2018)

Collaborative albums

 * The 150 Murderous Passions (1981)
 * In Fractured Silence (1984)
 * Nylon Coverin' Body Smotherin'  (1984)
 * A Missing Sense/Rasa (1986)
 * Nurse With Wound and The Hafler Trio Hit Again! (1987)
 * Crumb Duck (1993)
 * Acts of Senseless Beauty (1997)
 * Simple Headphone Mind (1997)
 * The Swinging Reflective: Favourite Moments of Mutual Ecstasy (1999)
 * Angry Electric Finger (2004)
 * Disconnected (2007)
 * The Iron Soul of Nothing (2008)
 * Erroneous: A Selection of Errors (2010)
 * Rupture (2012)
 * Cabbalism (2012)
 * Parade (2013)
 * ExcitoToxicity (2014)
 * Mutation (2015)

title: Nurse with Wound


text:
Pizza Pizza

Pizza Pizza Ltd. is a franchised Canadian pizza quick-service restaurant with its headquarters in Toronto, Ontario. Its restaurants are mainly in the province of Ontario while others are located in Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and western Canada. Franchises in western Canada are mostly run through Alberta-based subsidiary Pizza 73. It has over 500 locations, including over 150 non-traditional locations.

History
The chain was founded by Michael Overs, who opened the first location on December 31, 1967, at the corner of Wellesley and Parliament streets in Toronto. He owned the chain until his death in 2010. It expanded throughout the Toronto area in the 1970s, and throughout the rest of Ontario throughout the 1980s and 1990s.

The chain opened its first locations in Quebec in the mid-1980s, but withdrew after a few years. It returned to the province, in Gatineau, in March 2007. Locations were opened in the Montreal area in late 2007 in the boroughs of Notre-Dame-de-Grâce and Pierrefonds-Roxboro.

Pizza Pizza began to expand significantly outside Ontario during the 2000s. In its 2005 initial public offering filings, the chain announced it would consider expansion in western Canada, potentially including purchasing existing local chains. This led to a June 2007 agreement to purchase Alberta-based Pizza 73. As well, in October 2006, the company announced it would expand in the Quebec market, beginning with sponsorship of the Montreal Canadiens. The chain expanded to the British Columbia Lower Mainland in 2009, however all locations closed (Pizza 73 already had a location in Prince George in the B.C. Interior), and soon after added locations in Manitoba and Saskatchewan. The chain returned to Vancouver in 2018. Pizza Pizza opened its first store in Halifax, Nova Scotia, in June 2010. The first New Brunswick location, situated in Dieppe, opened late 2021.

Pizza Pizza Limited announced in December 2021 that it was seeking to expand into Mexico.

Marketing
Pizza Pizza is known for the chain's phone number, XXX–1111. The company claims that its early adoption of the centralized single-number ordering system, and its subsequent use and heavy promotion of this rhyming phone number, helped the chain to expand throughout Ontario.

A central local number is used for all locations until it becomes a long-distance call. In other cities, local numbers are requested with the "11-11" suffix to match the standard jingle in the chain's radio advertisements. Pizza Pizza has registered "967–1111" and variants as trademarks.

Unaffiliated American pizza chain Little Caesars does not use its "Pizza! Pizza!" slogan in Canada due to Pizza Pizza's slogan registered as a trademark. Instead, Little Caesars uses "Two Pizzas!", "Hot 'N' Ready!" or "Delivery! Delivery!", "Quality! Quality!" and other two-word combinations.

Trademarks
Pizza Pizza currently holds the trademarks for:

 * Chicken Chicken

Technology
Pizza Pizza won a Webby Award in 2011 for Best Mobile Shopping App

title: Pizza Pizza


text:
User:Kingturtle/History of corruption in the United States government

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 * 2) Alexander Hamilton
 * 3) The Reynolds Affair ,
 * 4) William Duer ,
 * 5) Giles Resolutions
 * 6) Citizen Genet