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List of Latter Day Saint movement topics

In an effort to bring together pages on various religions, below is a list of articles that are about or reference Latter Day Saint movement topics.

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Supercategories of the Latter Day Saint movement
Christianity, Gospel, Religion, Religion in the United States, Restorationism (Christian primitivism)

Latter Day Saint movement in general, as a religion or group of religions
Church of Christ (Latter Day Saints), Latter-day Saint, Latter Day Saint, Latter Day Saint movement, LDS Church membership statistics, Mormon, Mormonism, Mormonism and Christianity, Mormonism and Freemasonry, Mormonism and Judaism, Mormon studies, Saint

Latter Day Saint denominations
A to M: Aaronic Order, Apostolic United Brethren, Church of the Firstborn, Church of the First Born of the Lamb of God, Church of Christ (Cutlerite), Church of Christ (Temple Lot), Church of Christ (Whitmerite), Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (Strangite), Church of Jesus Christ, the Bride, the Lamb's Wife, Church of Christ with the Elijah Message, Community of Christ, Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, Kingston clan

N to Z: Remnant Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, Restoration Church of Jesus Christ, Restoration Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, Restored Church of Jesus Christ, Rigdonite, The Church of Jesus Christ, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, True Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, True and Living Church of Jesus Christ of Saints of the Last Days

Organizations related to the Latter Day Saint movement
AMCAP, Bonneville International, Bookcraft, Brigham Young University, Cedar Fort, Deseret Book, Deseret Management Corporation, Deseret Morning News, Deseret News, Ensign Peak Advisors, Excel Entertainment Group, FAIR, FARMS, Intellectual Reserve, John Whitmer Historical Association, KSL, Maxwell Institute, Mormon History Association, Mormon Historic Sites Foundation, Mormon apologetics, Ordain Women, Signature Books

Topics that reference the Latter Day Saint movement
Accounts of pre-mortal existence, Baptismal clothing, Beehive, Breastplate, Christian countercult movement, Christian denominations, Cunning folk, Fate of the unlearned, Henotheism, Millerites, Religious perspectives on Jesus, Survivalism, Temple robes, Urim and Thummim, Whore of Babylon

Latter Day Saint doctrines, beliefs, and practices
A to M: Adamic language, Animals, Angel, Authority, Birth control, Black people, Black people, Joseph Smith's views, Black segregation, Blood atonement, Celestial Kingdom, Chastity, Chosen people, Christian eschatology, Christian view of marriage, Zion, Continuous revelation, Curses of Cain and Ham, Ecumenical council, Exaltation (Mormonism), Ex-Mormon, Excommunication, Evolution, Fast Sunday, fast offering, Gender minorities, Gentile, Gifts of the Spirit in Mormonism, Great and abominable church, Great Apostasy, Holy of Holies, Homosexuality, Interracial marriage, Israelite, Kolob, LGBT rights, Marriage, Masturbation, Mormon fundamentalism

N to Z:  Native Americans and Mormonism, Outer darkness, Penalty, Phrenology, Plan of Salvation, Polygamy, Pre-Columbian trans-oceanic contact, Premortal life, The Restoration, Revelation, Satan, Seer stone, Separation of church and state, Sexuality, Sexual orientation change efforts, Skin color, Solemn assembly, Sons of perdition, Spiritual wifery, Suicide Telestial Kingdom, Temple garment, Terrestrial Kingdom, Testimony, Urim and Thummim, Word of Wisdom

Latter Day Saint doctrines regarding deity
Adam-God theory, Creator god, Elohim, Exaltation, God, God the Father, Godhead (Christianity), Godhead (Mormonism), Heavenly Mother, Heavenly Parents, Henotheism, Holy Spirit, Jesus, Jesus Christ as the Messiah, Jesus, Nontrinitarianism, Omnipotence, Trinity, Divinization (Christian)

Latter Day Saint ordinances, rituals, and symbolism
Anointing of the Sick, Baptism for the dead, Baptism in Mormonism, Blood atonement, Eternal Marriage, Marriage, Infant baptism, light of Christ (Latter Day Saints), Ordinance (Mormonism), Patriarchal blessing, Rebaptism (Mormonism), Sacrament meeting, Sacrament (Mormonism), Sealing (Latter Day Saints), Second anointing, Temple, Temple (Latter Day Saints), Temple (LDS Church), Temple architecture

Latter-day Saint religious clothing
Baptismal clothing, CTR ring, Temple garment, Temple robes, Veil, White clothing (religious)

Latter Day Saint hierarchy
A to M: Aaronic priesthood (Latter Day Saints), Anointed Quorum, Apostle (Latter Day Saints), Apostolic succession, Bishop (Latter Day Saints), Chapel, Choir, Church of Christ (Latter Day Saints), Clergy, Deacon (Latter Day Saints), Elder (Latter Day Saints), First Presidency, General authority, High council (Latter Day Saints), High priest (Latter Day Saints), Melchizedek priesthood, Missionary

N to Z: Patriarch (Latter Day Saints), Patriarchal priesthood, Presiding bishop, Presiding Patriarch, President of the Church, President of the Quorum of the Twelve, Priest (Latter Day Saints), Priesthood (Latter Day Saints), Priesthood Correlation Program, Primary (LDS Church), Prophet, seer, and revelator, Quorum (Latter Day Saints), Quorum of the Twelve, Quorums of the Seventy, Relief Society, Stake (Latter Day Saints), Teacher (Latter Day Saints), Ward (LDS Church), World Church Leadership Council

General Conferences of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Conference Center (LDS Church), General Conference (LDS Church)

Mormonism and controversy
Anti-Mormonism, Black people and Mormonism, Controversies regarding the LDS Church, Common Latter-day Saint perceptions, Cultural Mormon, Jack Mormons, LGBT Mormon suicides, Mormonism and violence, Mormonism Unvailed, Ordain Women, US politics and the LDS Church, Search for the Truth (video), The God Makers (film), The God Makers II

LDS Doctrines concerning the afterlife
Plan of salvation, Degrees of glory

Latter Day Saint texts
Account of John, Apocrypha, Articles of Faith (Latter Day Saints), Articles of the Church of Christ, Book of Abraham, Book of Commandments, Book of Joseph, Book of Mormon, Book of Moses, Doctrine and Covenants, Encyclopedia of Mormonism, The Family: A Proclamation to the World, Jesus the Christ (book), Joseph Smith–History, Joseph Smith–Matthew, Joseph Smith Papyri, Joseph Smith Hypocephalus,King Follett Discourse, Kirtland Egyptian Papers, Lectures on Faith, Nauvoo Expositor, Peace Maker (pamphlet), Pearl of Great Price (Mormonism), Sacred text, Scriptures, Sefer haYashar (midrash), Standard Works, The Wentworth Letter, The Word of the Lord Brought to Mankind by an Angel, Word of Wisdom

Latter Day Saint movement and the Bible
Bible, Biblical canon, Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible, King-James-Only Movement, King James Version of the Bible, New Testament, Old Testament

Book of Mormon
Book of Mormon, Book of Mormon chronology, Curelom, Gadianton robbers, Egbert Bratt Grandin, Egyptian Names in the Book of Mormon, Paanchi (Book of Mormon), Record of the Nephites, Secret combination (Latter Day Saints), Sword of Laban

Book of Mormon people
Ammaron, Ammon (Book of Mormon), Book of Mormon rulers, Captain Moroni, Coriantumr (last Jaredite king), Coriantumr (Nephite dissenter), Coriantumr (son of Omer), Enos (Book of Mormon), Ether (Book of Mormon), Gadianton robbers, Ishmael (Book of Mormon), Jaredite, Joseph (Book of Mormon), King Noah, Korihor, Laban (Book of Mormon), Laman and Lemuel, Lamanites, Lamoni, Limhi, List of Book of Mormon groups, List of Book of Mormon people, King Mosiah I, King Mosiah II, Mulek, Nephite, Paanchi (Book of Mormon), Sam (Book of Mormon), Sariah, Sons of Mosiah, Various Book of Mormon people, Zedekiah, Zeniff, Zenock, Zenos, Zoram

Book of Mormon artifacts
Breastplate, Cunning Folk Traditions and the Latter Day Saint Movement, Liahona (Book of Mormon), Rameumptom, Seer stones in Mormonism, Urim and Thummim

Book of Mormon places
Bountiful (Book of Mormon), Khirbet Beit Lehi, Lehi-Nephi, Nahom, Zarahemla

Book of Mormon prophets
Abinadi, Alma the Elder, Alma the Younger, Ether (Book of Mormon), Helaman, Helaman, son of Helaman, Jacob (Book of Mormon), Jarom, King Benjamin, Lehi (Book of Mormon), List of Book of Mormon prophets, Mahonri Moriancumer, Mormon (prophet), Nephi, son of Lehi, Omni (Book of Mormon), Samuel the Lamanite, Zenos, Zenock

Book of Mormon studies
Archaeology and the Book of Mormon, Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies, Genetics and the Book of Mormon, Golden Plates, Limited geography model (Book of Mormon), Linguistics and the Book of Mormon, Reformed Egyptian, Studies of the Book of Mormon, The Book of Mormon and the King James Bible

Books of the Book of Mormon
Lost 116 pages, First Book of Nephi, Second Book of Nephi, Book of Jacob, Book of Enos, Book of Jarom, Book of Omni, Words of Mormon, Book of Mosiah, Book of Alma, Book of Helaman, Third Book of Nephi, Fourth Book of Nephi, Book of Mormon (Mormon's record), Book of Ether, Book of Moroni, Large Plates of Nephi, Small Plates of Nephi

Latter Day Saint periodicals
Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought, Elders' Journal, Ensign (LDS magazine), Evening and Morning Star, The Friend (Mormon magazine), Journal of Discourses, Liahona (magazine), List of Latter Day Saint periodicals, Messenger and Advocate, Millennial Star, New Era (magazine), Prophwyd y Jubili, Relief Society Magazine, The Seer (periodical), Sunstone Magazine, Times and Seasons, Udgorn Seion, Woman's Exponent

History of the Latter Day Saint movement
Dates: 1831 polygamy revelation, 1843 polygamy revelation, 1890 Manifesto

A to M:  Amboy Conference, Authoritarianism and Mormonism, Battle Creek, Utah, Blacks and Mormonism, Burned-over district, Cart, BYU LGBT history, Council of Fifty, Culture of the United States, Danite, Deseret (Book of Mormon), Deseret alphabet, Evolution, changes in teachings Execution by firing squad, Extermination Order, Transcontinental Railroad, First Vision, Forgery, Mormon War (1838), Hawn's Mill Massacre, History of Christianity, History of the Americas, History of the US, History of the LDS Church, History of the Latter Day Saint movement, Homosexuality, changes in teachings, Honeybee, Indian Placement Program, The Joseph Smith Papers, Joshua tree, Kirtland Safety Society, LGBT Mormon history timeline, Miracle of the Gulls, Mormon Battalion, Mormon handcart pioneers, Mormon pioneers, Mormon Reformation, Mormon Trail, Mormon War (1838), Mormonism and women, Mountain Meadows Massacre

N to Z: Nauvoo Expositor, Nauvoo Legion, Oath of vengeance, Pacific Islanders and Mormonism, Persecution of Christians, Polygamy, Priesthood Correlation Program, Rigdon's July 4th oration, Salamander Letter, Salt Sermon, School of the Prophets, Second Great Awakening, Short Creek raid, Slavery, Succession crisis (Latter Day Saints), Temple ceremony changes United States religious history University of Deseret, Utah War, Zelph, Zion's Camp

Significant dates in the Latter Day Saint movement

 * December 23, 1805 - birth of Joseph Smith
 * Spring of 1820 - Joseph Smith, age 14, was visited by God the Father and His Son, Jesus Christ
 * September 21, 1823 - Moroni The Angel visits Joseph Smith
 * September 22, 1823 - Joseph Smith is shown the gold plates for the first time
 * January 18, 1827 - Joseph Smith marries Emma Hale.
 * September 22, 1827 - Joseph Smith receives the gold plates.
 * May 15, 1829 - John The Baptist The Angel bestows the Aaron Priesthood upon Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery
 * June 1829 - Peter James and John The Angels bestow the Melchizedek Priesthood upon Joseph Smith and Oliver Cowdery
 * March 26, 1830 - 5,000 copies of the Book of Mormon published in Palmyra, New York
 * April 6, 1830 - Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints founded in Fayette, New York
 * July 17, 1831 - The 1831 polygamy revelation in which Christ commands Smith's followers to take “wives of the Lamanites and Nephites [Native Americans].”
 * 1832
 * November 13, 1838 - birth of Joseph Fielding Smith
 * July 12, 1843 - The 1843 polygamy revelation in which Christ commands polygamy in a “new and an everlasting covenant.”
 * June 27, 1844 - Joseph and Hyrum Smith murdered in Carthage Jail, in Carthage, Illinois
 * August 8, 1844 - Quorum of Twelve is created as the leading body of the church.
 * February 10, 1846 - Many Mormons begin their migration from Nauvoo, Illinois to Great Salt Lake
 * July 24, 1847 - Brigham Young arrives in Salt Lake Valley; Salt Lake City established
 * 1857 - Mormons abandon Las Vegas
 * October 6, 1890 - Wilford Woodruff issues the "1890 Manifesto" halting polygamy.
 * 1904 - Joseph F. Smith issues a "Second Manifesto" against polygamy

Significant places in the Latter Day Saint movement
A to M:  Adam-ondi-Ahman, Alberta, Arizona, Auditorium (Community of Christ), Beaver Island (Lake Michigan), Brigham Young University, Brigham Young University–Hawaii, Brigham Young University Jerusalem Center, Burlington, Wisconsin, Caldwell County, Missouri, Chihuahua (state), Church Office Building, Conference Center (LDS Church), Culture of Mexico, Davis County, Utah, Demographics of Greece, Demographics of Kiribati, Demographics of Mexico, Demographics of Niue, Demographics of Palau, Demographics of Swaziland, Demographics of the Marshall Islands, Downtown (Salt Lake City), Endowment House, Far West, Missouri, Finger Lakes, Fort Bridger, Hiram, Ohio, Independence, Missouri, Jackson County, Missouri, Kane County, Utah, Kirtland, Ohio, Lā'ie, Hawai'i, Las Vegas, Nevada, Los Angeles, California, Missouri, Morgan County, Utah

N to Z: Nauvoo, Illinois, Palmyra, Platte River, Rich County, Utah, Salt Lake Assembly Hall, Salt Lake City, Utah, San Bernardino, California, Seagull Monument, Sharon, Vermont, State of Deseret, St. James Township, Michigan, Temple Lot, Temple Square, University of Utah, Utah, Utah Territory, Voree, Wisconsin, Zion (Latter Day Saints)

Latter Day Saint temples
A to M: Apia Samoa Temple, Atlanta Georgia Temple, Bern Switzerland Temple, Cardston Alberta Temple, Chicago Illinois Temple, Freiberg Germany Temple, Guayaquil Ecuador Temple, Hamilton New Zealand Temple, Hong Kong China Temple, Houston Texas Temple, Idaho Falls Idaho Temple, Independence temple, Jordan River Utah Temple, Kirtland Temple, Kona Hawaii Temple, Laie Hawaii Temple, Las Vegas Nevada Temple, Logan Utah Temple, London England Temple, Los Angeles California Temple, Manti Utah Temple, Mesa Arizona Temple

N to Z: Nauvoo Illinois Temple, Nauvoo Temple, Oakland California Temple, Ogden Utah Temple, Orlando Florida Temple, Nuku alofa Tonga Temple, Provo Utah Temple, Raleigh North Carolina Temple, Salt Lake Temple, São Paulo Brazil Temple, Seattle Washington Temple, St. George Utah Temple, Tokyo Japan Temple, Vernal Utah Temple, Washington, D.C. Temple

Latter Day Saints

 * List of Latter-day Saints
 * Black Mormons
 * LGBTQ Mormon people
 * A – M: Nephi Anderson, Billy Barty, Earl W. Bascom, Glenn Beck, Steve Benson (cartoonist), Don Bluth, Shawn Bradley, Hugh B. Brown, Orson Scott Card, James C. Christensen, Kresimir Cosik, Stephen Covey, Mitch Davis, Richard Dutcher, Aaron Eckhart, Philo Farnsworth, Brandon Flowers, Rulon Gardner, Marvin Goldstein, Bo Gritz, Orrin Hatch, Jon Heder, Jared Hess, Ken Jennings, Steven E. Jones, Kate Kelly (feminist), Gladys Knight, Glen A. Larson, Michael O. Leavitt, Jon Peter Lewis, Robert L. Millet, Dale Murphy,
 * N – Z: Donny Osmond, Marie Osmond, Olive Osmond, Anne Perry, Sandy Petersen, William Wines Phelps, D. Michael Quinn, Carmen Rasmusen, Harry Reid, Mitt Romney, Elizabeth Smart (Elizabeth Smart kidnapping), Benjamin Urrutia, Olene S. Walker, Steve Young (American football),
 * Groups: Jericho Road, The Osmonds, The Lettermen, The Jets

Historians of the Latter Day Saint movement

 * Church Historian and Recorder, Latter Day Saint Historians,
 * A – M: Thomas G. Alexander, Edward H. Anderson, Nephi Anderson, Leonard J. Arrington, Valeen Tippetts Avery, Philip Barlow, Davis Bitton, Fawn M. Brodie, Juanita Brooks, Richard Bushman, Todd Compton, Ron Esplin, Dean C. Jessee, H. Michael Marquardt, Armand Mauss, Dean Lowe May, Dale Morgan,
 * N – Z: Linda King Newell, Hugh Nibley, Grant H. Palmer, Gregory Prince, D. Michael Quinn, B. H. Roberts, Stephen E. Robinson, Jan Shipps, Linda Sillitoe, Wallace Stegner, Jerald and Sandra Tanner, Dan Vogel, Wesley P. Walters, Wm. Robert Wright
 * Groups or Organizations: Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies, John Whitmer Historical Association, Mormon Historic Sites Foundation, Mormon History Association, September Six,

Notable people in Latter Day Saint history

 * A – M: Leonard J. Arrington, Valeen Tippetts Avery, Earl W. Bascom, Lilburn Boggs, Gutzon Borglum, Fawn M. Brodie, Juanita Brooks, John Browning, Butch Cassidy, William Henry Chamberlin (philosopher), J. Reuben Clark, Kresimir Cosik, Henry Eyring (Mormon convert), Mark Hofmann, Sonia Johnson, Gordon Jump, Thomas L. Kane, Kate Kelly (feminist), Gladys Knight, Jesse Knight, O. Raymond Knight, William Law (Mormonism), Mark Madsen,
 * N – Z: Hugh Nibley, Marie Osmond, Natacha Rambova, Stephen E. Robinson, William Shunn, Jerald and Sandra Tanner, Bertel Thorvaldsen
 * Groups: September Six,

Mormon pioneers

 * Mormon handcart pioneers
 * Mormon pioneers
 * Mormon Trail
 * Perpetual Emigration Fund
 * A – M: Elijah Abel, Milo Andrus, Truman O. Angell, Israel Barlow, John Milton Bernhisel, Samuel Brannan, George Q. Cannon, Martha Hughes Cannon, Albert Carrington, Zebedee Coltrin, William Clayton (Latter Day Saints), Joseph Fielding, William Harrison Folsom, Emma Lee French, Archibald Gardner, William S. Godbe, Henry Grow, Ephraim Hanks, "Wild Bill" Hickman, Jefferson Hunt, Orson Hyde, William B. Ide, Luke S. Johnson, Heber C. Kimball, Helen Mar Kimball, Dudley Leavitt, John D. Lee, Walker Lewis, Francis M. Lyman, Isaac Morley

Latter Day Saint leaders

 * A – M: Elijah Abel, Milo Andrus, Jason W. Briggs, Hugh B. Brown, Zebedee Coltrin, Oliver Cowdery, Alpheus Cutler, W. A. Draves, Otto Fetting, Zenos H. Gurley, Sr., Martin Harris (Latter Day Saints), George M. Hinkle, Milton R. Hunter, J. Golden Kimball, William Law (Mormonism), John D. Lee, Rex E. Lee, Walker Lewis, William Marks (Mormonism), William E. McLellin,

Presidents of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

 * President of the Church (LDS Church)
 * A – M: Ezra Taft Benson, Heber J. Grant, Gordon B. Hinckley, Howard W. Hunter, Spencer W. Kimball, Harold B. Lee, David O. McKay, Thomas S. Monson,
 * N – Z: George Albert Smith, Joseph Smith, Jr., Joseph F. Smith, Joseph Fielding Smith, Lorenzo Snow, John Taylor (1808-1887), Wilford Woodruff, Brigham Young

Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

 * Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church)
 * A – M: Marvin J. Ashton, M. Russell Ballard, David A. Bednar, Ezra T. Benson, Ezra Taft Benson, Albert E. Bowen, Hugh B. Brown, George Q. Cannon, D. Todd Christofferson, J. Reuben Clark, Quentin L. Cook, Richard L. Evans, Henry B. Eyring, James E. Faust, Heber J. Grant, David B. Haight, Robert D. Hales, Alonzo A. Hinckley, Gordon B. Hinckley, Jeffrey R. Holland, Howard W. Hunter, Orson Hyde, Anthony W. Ivins, Luke S. Johnson, Heber C. Kimball, Spencer W. Kimball, Harold B. Lee, Thomas B. Marsh, Bruce R. McConkie, David O. McKay, Thomas S. Monson,
 * N – Z: Russell M. Nelson, Dallin H. Oaks, Boyd K. Packer, David W. Patten, L. Tom Perry, Mark E. Petersen, Orson Pratt, Parley P. Pratt, Willard Richards, Richard G. Scott, George A. Smith, George Albert Smith, Hyrum Smith, Hyrum Mack Smith, Joseph F. Smith, Joseph Fielding Smith, William Smith (Latter Day Saints), Reed Smoot, Lorenzo Snow, John Taylor (Mormon), John Whittaker Taylor, George Teasdale, Dieter F. Uchtdorf, Daniel H. Wells, Joseph B. Wirthlin, Wilford Woodruff, Brigham Young

LDS Church by Location

 * The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints membership statistics

North America
Canada • Dominican Republic • Mexico • Membership Statistics (United States)

United States
Alabama • Arizona • Arkansas • California • Colorado • Florida • Georgia • Hawaii • Louisiana • Michigan • Mississippi • North Carolina • Ohio • Oklahoma • South Carolina • Tennessee • Texas • Pennsylvania

South Pacific
Marshall Islands • Tonga

Asia
Malaysia • Singapore • South Korea • Sri Lanka

Africa
Ghana

Latter Day Saint art and culture
Scouting in Utah, C.C.A. Christensen, Fireside (Mormonism), Jack Mormon, Mormon Corridor, LDS cinema, LDS fiction, Pioneer Day (Utah), Saints Unified Voices, Sunstone Magazine, Undergarment, Bloggernacle

Portrayals of Mormons in popular media
"Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes" (Tony Kushner), A Study in Scarlet (Arthur Conan Doyle), Brigham Young (movie), Go Ask Alice (Beatrice Sparks), "If This Goes On—" (Robert A. Heinlein), Jay's Journal (Beatrice Sparks), Latter Days, L. E. Modesitt, Jr., The Man with 80 Wives, Orgazmo, The Other Side of Heaven, South Park episode 411: "Probably", South Park episode 712: "All About the Mormons?", Lost Boys (novel) (Orson Scott Card), St Albion Parish News, The Memory of Earth (Orson Scott Card), Big Love (HBO Drama)
 * Latter Day Saints in popular culture

Latter Day Saint music
Collection of Sacred Hymns (Kirtland, Ohio), I Am A Child Of God, If You Could Hie to Kolob, Joy to the World (Phelps), Maren Ord, Mormon folk music, Mormon Tabernacle Choir, Music of Utah, O My Father (hymn), The Spirit of God Like a Fire Is Burning, Saints Unified Voices

Latter Day Saint films

 * LDS cinema
 * The Best Two Years, Brigham City, God's Army, Jack Weyland's Charly, Mobsters and Mormons, Out of Step, Pride and Prejudice: A Latter-Day Comedy, The R.M., The Singles Ward
 * LDS movies
 * Joseph Smith: Prophet of the Restoration, Legacy, The Testaments of One Fold and One Shepherd

Genealogy
Family History Library, GEDCOM, Genealogy

Law related to Mormonism
Edmunds Act, Edmunds–Tucker Act, Extermination Order (Mormonism), Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act, Poland Act, Reed Smoot hearings

Court decisions regarding the Latter Day Saint movement
Cannon v. United States, Clawson v. United States, Davis v. Beason, Davis v. United States (1990), Kirtland Temple Suit, Intellectual Reserve v. Utah Lighthouse Ministry, LDS Church v. United States, Reynolds v. United States, Temple Lot Case

Lists
List of sects in the Latter Day Saint movement, List of Latter Day Saints, List of presidents of the LDS Church, Chronology of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church), List of general authorities of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, List of general officers of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, List of area seventies of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, List of stakes of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, List of LDS missionary entries by country, List of references to seer stones in the Latter Day Saint movement history, List of Zion's Camp participants, List of Latter Day Saint practitioners of plural marriage, List of Joseph Smith's wives, Children of Joseph Smith, List of Brigham Young's wives, List of temples in the LDS Church, List of Book of Mormon translations, List of Latter Day Saint periodicals, List of Mormon wars and massacres


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Smoking ban

Smoking bans, or smoke-free laws, are public policies, including criminal laws and occupational safety and health regulations, that prohibit tobacco smoking in certain spaces. The spaces most commonly affected by smoking bans are indoor workplaces and buildings open to the public such as restaurants, bars, office buildings, schools, retail stores, hospitals, libraries, transport facilities, and government buildings, in addition to public transport vehicles such as aircraft, buses, watercraft, and trains. However, laws may also prohibit smoking in outdoor areas such as parks, beaches, pedestrian plazas, college and hospital campuses, and within a certain distance from the entrance to a building, and in some cases, private vehicles and multi-unit residences.

The most common rationale cited for restrictions on smoking is the negative health effects associated with secondhand smoke (SHS), or the inhalation of tobacco smoke by persons who are not smoking. These include diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The number of smoking bans around the world increased substantially in the late 20th century and early 21st century due to increased knowledge about these health risks. Many early smoking restrictions merely required the designation of non-smoking areas in buildings, but policies of this type became less common following evidence that they did not eliminate the health concerns associated with SHS.

Opinions on smoking bans vary. Many individuals and organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) support smoking bans on the basis that they improve health outcomes by reducing exposure to SHS and possibly decreasing the number of people who smoke, while others oppose smoking bans and assert that they violate individual and property rights and cause economic hardship, among other issues.

Rationale
Smoking bans are usually enacted in an attempt to protect non-smokers from the effects of secondhand smoke, which include an increased risk of heart disease, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and other diseases. Laws implementing bans on indoor smoking have been introduced by many countries and other jurisdictions as public knowledge about these health risks increased.

Additional rationales for smoking restrictions include reduced risk of fire in areas with explosive hazards; cleanliness in places where food, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors, or precision instruments and machinery are produced; decreased legal liability; potentially reduced energy use via decreased ventilation needs; reduced quantities of litter; healthier environments; and giving smokers incentive to quit.

Evidence basis
Research has generated evidence that secondhand smoke causes the same problems as direct smoking, including lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, and lung ailments such as emphysema, bronchitis, and asthma. Specifically, meta-analyses show that lifelong non-smokers with partners who smoke in the home have a 20–30% greater risk of lung cancer than non-smokers who live with non-smokers. Non-smokers exposed to cigarette smoke in the workplace have an increased lung cancer risk of 16–19%. An epidemiology report by the Institute of Medicine (IOM), convened by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), says that the risk of coronary heart disease is increased by around 25–30% when one is exposed to secondhand smoke. The data shows that even at low levels of exposure, there is risk and the risk increases with more exposure.

A study issued in 2002 by the International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization concluded that non-smokers are exposed to the same carcinogens on account of tobacco smoke as active smokers. Sidestream smoke emitted from the burning ends of tobacco products contains 69 known carcinogens, particularly benzopyrene and other polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, and radioactive decay products, such as polonium-210. Several well-established carcinogens have been shown by the tobacco companies' own research to be present at higher concentrations in secondhand smoke than in mainstream smoke.

Scientific organisations confirming the effects of secondhand smoke include the U.S. National Cancer Institute, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the U.S. National Institutes of Health, the Surgeon General of the United States, and the World Health Organization.

Air quality in bars and restaurants
Restrictions upon smoking in bars and restaurants can substantially improve the air quality in such establishments. For example, one study listed on the website of the CDC states that New York's statewide law to eliminate smoking in enclosed workplaces and public places substantially reduced RSP (respirable suspended particles) levels in western New York hospitality venues. RSP levels were reduced in every venue that permitted smoking before the law was implemented, including venues in which only smoke from an adjacent room was observed at baseline. The CDC concluded that their results were similar to other studies which also showed substantially improved indoor air quality after smoking bans were instituted.

A 2004 study showed New Jersey bars and restaurants had more than nine times the levels of indoor air pollution of neighbouring New York City, which had already enacted its smoking ban.

Research has also shown that improved air quality translates to decreased toxin exposure among employees. For example, among employees of the Norwegian establishments that enacted smoking restrictions, tests showed decreased levels of nicotine in the urine of both smoking and non-smoking workers (as compared with measurements prior to going smoke-free).

Public Health Law Research
In 2009, the Public Health Law Research Program, a national program office of the US-based Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, published an evidence brief summarising the research assessing the effect of a specific law or policy on public health. They stated that "There is strong evidence supporting smoking bans and restrictions as effective public health interventions aimed at decreasing exposure to secondhand smoke."

History
One of the world's earliest smoking bans was a 1575 Roman Catholic Church regulation which forbade the use of tobacco in any church in Mexico. In 1590, Pope Urban VII moved against smoking in church buildings. He threatened to excommunicate anyone who "took tobacco in the porchway of or inside a church, whether it be by chewing it, smoking it with a pipe or sniffing it in powdered form through the nose". Pope Urban VIII imposed similar restrictions in 1624. In 1604 King James VI and I published an anti-smoking treatise, A Counterblaste to Tobacco, that had the effect of raising taxes on tobacco. Russia banned tobacco for 70 years from 1627. The Ottoman Sultan Murad IV prohibited smoking in his empire in 1633 and had smokers executed. The earliest citywide European smoking bans were enacted shortly thereafter. Such bans were enacted in Bavaria, Kursachsen, and certain parts of Austria in the late 17th century. Smoking was banned in Berlin in 1723, in Königsberg in 1742, and in Stettin in 1744. These bans were repealed in the revolutions of 1848. Prior to 1865 Russia had a ban on smoking in the streets.

The first building in the world to ban smoking was the Old Government Building in Wellington, New Zealand in 1876. The ban related to concerns about the threat of fire, as it is the second largest wooden building in the world.

The first modern attempt at restricting smoking saw Nazi Germany banning smoking in every university, post office, military hospital, and Nazi Party office, under the auspices of Karl Astel's Institute for Tobacco Hazards Research, established in 1941 under orders from Adolf Hitler. The Nazis conducted major anti-tobacco campaigns until the demise of their regime in 1945.

In the latter part of the 20th century, as research on the risks of secondhand tobacco smoke became public, the tobacco industry launched "courtesy awareness" campaigns. Fearing reduced sales, the industry began a media and legislative programme that focused upon "accommodation". Tolerance and courtesy were encouraged as a way to ease heightened tensions between smokers and those around them, while avoiding smoking bans. In the US, states were encouraged to pass laws providing separate smoking sections.

In 1975 the U.S. state of Minnesota enacted the Minnesota Clean Indoor Air Act, making it the first state to restrict smoking in most public spaces. At first restaurants were required to have "No Smoking" sections, and bars were exempt from the Act. As of 1 October 2007 Minnesota enacted a ban on smoking in all restaurants and bars statewide, called the Freedom to Breathe Act of 2007.

The resort town of Aspen, Colorado, became the first city in the US to restrict smoking in restaurants, in 1985, though it allowed smoking in areas that were separately ventilated.

On 3 April 1987 the city of Beverly Hills, California, initiated an ordinance to restrict smoking in most restaurants, in retail stores and at public meetings. It exempted restaurants in hotels – City Council members reasoned that hotel restaurants catered to large numbers of visitors from abroad, where smoking is more acceptable than in the United States.

In 1990 the city of San Luis Obispo, California, became the first city in the world to restrict indoor smoking in bars as well as in restaurants. The ban did not include workplaces, but covered all other indoor public spaces and its enforcement was somewhat limited.

In the United States, California's 1998 smoking ban encouraged other states such as New York to implement similar regulations. California's ban included a controversial restriction upon smoking in bars, extending the statewide ban enacted in 1994. As of April 2009, there were 37 states with some form of smoking ban. Some areas in California began banning smoking across whole cities, including every place except residential homes. More than 20 cities in California enacted park- and beach-smoking restrictions. In May 2011, New York City expanded its previously implemented smoking ban by banning smoking in parks, beaches and boardwalks, public golf courses and other areas controlled by the New York City Parks Department. In recent years New York City has passed administrative codes §17-502 and §17-508 forcing landlords of privately owned buildings, cooperatives, and condominiums to adopt a smoking policy into all leases. These codes oblige landlords to enact provisions telling tenants the exact locations where they can or can not smoke. In January 2010, the mayor of Boston, Massachusetts, Thomas Menino, proposed a restriction upon smoking inside public housing apartments under the jurisdiction of the Boston Housing Authority.

From December 1993, in Peru, it became illegal to smoke in any public enclosed place and any public transport vehicle (according to Law 25357 issued on 27 November 1991 and its regulations issued on 25 November 1993 by decree D.S.983-93-PCM). There is also legislation restricting publicity, and it is also illegal (Law 26957 21 May 1998) to sell tobacco to minors or directly to advertise tobacco within 500m of schools (Law 26849 9 Jul 1997).

On 11 November 1975 Italy banned smoking on public transit vehicles (except for smokers' rail carriages) and in some public buildings (hospitals, cinemas, theatres, museums, universities and libraries). After an unsuccessful attempt in 1986, on 16 January 2003 the Italian parliament passed the Legge Sirchia, which would ban smoking in all indoor public places, including bars, restaurants, discotheques and offices from 10 January 2005.

On 3 December 2003, New Zealand passed legislation to progressively implement a smoking ban in schools, school grounds, and workplaces by December 2004.

On 29 March 2004, the Republic of Ireland implemented a nationwide ban on smoking in all workplaces. In Norway, similar legislation came into force on 1 June the same year.

In Scotland, Andy Kerr, the Minister for Health and Community Care, introduced a ban on smoking in public areas on 26 March 2006. Smoking was banned in all public places in the whole of the United Kingdom in 2007, when England became the final region to have the legislation come into effect (the age limit for buying tobacco also increased from 16 to 18 on 1 October 2007).

On 12 July 1999 a Division Bench of the Kerala High Court in India banned smoking in public places by declaring "public smoking as illegal first time in the history of whole world, unconstitutional and violative of Article 21 of the Constitution". The Bench, headed by Dr. Justice K. Narayana Kurup, held that "tobacco smoking" in public places (in the form of cigarettes, cigars, beedies or otherwise) "falls within the mischief of the penal provisions relating to public nuisance as contained in the Indian Penal Code and also the definition of air pollution as contained in the statutes dealing with the protection and preservation of the environment, in particular, the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution), Act 1981."

In 2003 India introduced a law that banned smoking in public places like restaurants, public transport or schools. The same law also made it illegal to advertise cigarettes or other tobacco products.

In 2010 Nepal planned to enact a new anti-smoking bill that would ban smoking in public places and outlaw all tobacco advertising to prevent young people from smoking.

On 31 May 2011 Venezuela introduced a ban on smoking in all enclosed public and commercial spaces, including malls, restaurants, bars, discos, workplaces, etc.

Smoking was first restricted in schools, hospitals, trains, buses and train stations in Turkey in 1996. In 2008 a more comprehensive smoking ban was implemented, covering all public indoor venues.

The Plage Lumière beach in La Ciotat, France, became the first beach in Europe to restrict smoking from August 2011, in an effort to encourage more tourists to visit the beach.

In 2012, smoking in Costa Rica became subject to some of the most restrictive regulations in the world, with the practice being banned from many outdoor recreational and educational areas as well as in public buildings and vehicles.

Public support
According to a 2018 Gallup poll, 25% of U.S. adults believe that smoking should be completely banned in the country, marking the highest level of support recorded by Gallup so far. Previously, the percentage of adults supporting this measure had fluctuated between 11% and 24% over nearly thirty years of Gallup's tracking.

Another poll conducted by Kantor, of over 28,000 Europeans in 2020, found that seven in ten people support banning the use of e-cigarettes or heated tobacco products in areas where smoking is prohibited, reflecting an increase of seven percentage points since 2017. Relative majorities also favor the other two control policies surveyed: banning flavors in e-cigarettes, with 47% support (up by 7 points since 2017), and introducing plain packaging for cigarettes, also supported by 47% (up by 1 point).

In all countries except Croatia, less than half of the respondents reported seeing people smoking inside the last time they visited a drinking establishment, such as a bar. Croatia stands out with 73% of respondents indicating this. In other countries, the proportions range from 47% in Cyprus, 45% in Slovakia, and 31% in Denmark, to only 3% in Sweden, 5% in Hungary, and 7% in Austria. These results indicate that despite the presence of indoor smoking bans across the EU, indoor tobacco smoke in drinking establishments remains an issue in several countries.

Effects upon health
Several studies have documented health and economic benefits related to smoking bans. A 2009 report by the Institute of Medicine concluded that smoking bans reduced the risk of coronary heart disease and heart attacks, but the report's authors were unable to identify the magnitude of this reduction. Also in 2009, a systematic review and meta-analysis found that bans on smoking in public places were associated with a significant reduction of incidence of heart attacks. The lead author of this meta-analysis, David Meyers, said that this review suggested that a nationwide ban on smoking in public places could prevent between 100,000 and 225,000 heart attacks in the United States each year.

A 2012 meta-analysis found that smoke-free legislation was associated with a lower rate of hospitalizations for cardiac, cerebrovascular, and respiratory diseases, and that "More comprehensive laws were associated with larger changes in risk." The senior author of this meta-analysis, Stanton Glantz, told USA Today that, with respect to exemptions for certain facilities from smoking bans, "The politicians who put those exemptions in are condemning people to be put into the emergency room." A 2013 review found that smoking bans were associated with "significant reduction in acute MI [ myocardial infarction] risk", but noted that "studies with smaller population in the United States usually reported larger reductions, while larger studies reported relatively modest reductions".

A 2014 systematic review and meta-analysis found that smoke-free legislation was associated with approximately 10% reductions in preterm births and hospital attendance for asthma, but not with a decrease in low birth weight. A 2016 Cochrane review found that since the previous version of that review was published in 2010, the evidence that smoking bans improved health outcomes had become more robust, especially with respect to acute coronary syndrome admissions.

However, other studies came to the conclusion that smoking bans have little or no short-term effect on myocardial infarction rates and other diseases. A 2010 study from the US used huge nationally representative databases to compare smoking-restricted areas with control areas and found no associations between smoking bans and short-term declines in heart attack rates. The authors have also analyzed smaller studies using subsamples and revealed that large short-term increases in myocardial infarction incidence following a smoking ban are as common as the large decreases.

Effects upon tobacco consumption
Smoking bans are generally acknowledged to reduce rates of smoking; smoke-free workplaces reduce smoking rates among workers, and restrictions upon smoking in public places reduce general smoking rates through a combination of stigmatisation and reduction in the social cues for smoking. The World Health Organization considers smoking bans to have an influence on reducing demand for tobacco by producing an environment where smoking becomes increasingly more difficult and to help shift social norms away from the acceptance of smoking in everyday life. Along with tax measures, cessation measures, and education, smoking bans are viewed by public health experts as an important element in reducing smoking rates and promoting positive health outcomes. When effectively implemented, they are seen as an important element of policy to support behaviour change in favour of a healthy lifestyle. However, reports in the popular press after smoking bans have been enacted often present conflicting accounts as regards perceptions of effectiveness.

One report stated that cigarette sales in Ireland and Scotland increased after their smoking bans were implemented. In contrast, another report states that in Ireland, cigarette sales fell by 16% in the six months after implementation of the ban. In the UK, cigarette sales fell by 11% during July 2007, the first month of the nationwide smoking ban, compared with July 2006.

A 1992 document from Phillip Morris summarised the tobacco industry's concern about the effects of smoking bans: "Total prohibition of smoking in the workplace strongly effects [sic] tobacco industry volume. Smokers facing these restrictions consume 11%–15% less than average and quit at a rate that is 84% higher than average."

In the United States, the CDC reported a levelling-off of smoking rates in recent years despite a large number of ever more comprehensive smoking bans and large tax increases. It has also been suggested that a "backstop" of hardcore smokers has been reached: those unmotivated and increasingly defiant in the face of further legislation. The smoking ban in New York City was credited with the reduction in adult smoking rates at nearly twice the rate as in the rest of the country, "and life expectancy has climbed three years in a decade".

In Sweden, use of snus, as an alternative to smoking, has risen steadily since that nation's smoking ban.

Smoking restrictions may make it easier for smokers to quit. A survey suggests 22% of UK smokers may have considered quitting in response to that nation's smoking ban.

Restaurant smoking restrictions may help to stop young people from becoming habitual smokers. A study of Massachusetts youths, found that those in towns with smoking bans were 35 percent less likely to be habitual smokers.

Economic impact

Many studies have been published in the health industry literature on the economic effect of smoking bans. The majority of these government and academic studies have found that there is no negative economic impact associated with smoking restrictions and many have found that there may be a positive effect on local businesses. A 2003 review of 97 such studies of the economic effects of a smoking ban on the hospitality industry found that the "best-designed" studies concluded that smoking bans did not harm businesses. Similarly, a 2014 meta-analysis found no significant gains or losses in revenue in restaurants and bars affected by smoking bans. In addition, such laws may reduce health care costs, improve work productivity, and lower the overall cost of labour in the community thus protected, making that workforce more attractive for employers.

Studies funded by the bar and restaurant associations have sometimes claimed that smoking bans have a negative effect on restaurant and bar profits. Such associations have also criticised studies which found that such legislation had no impact. Many bar and restaurant associations have relationships with the tobacco industry and are sponsored by them.

Australia
A government survey in Sydney found that the proportion of the population attending pubs and clubs rose after smoking was banned inside them. However, a ClubsNSW report in August 2008 blamed the smoking ban for New South Wales clubs suffering their worst fall in income ever, amounting to a decline of $385 million. Income for clubs was down 11% in New South Wales. Sydney CBD club income fell 21.7% and western Sydney clubs lost 15.5%.

Germany
Some smoking restrictions were introduced in German hotels, restaurants, and bars in 2008 and early 2009. The restaurant industry has claimed that some businesses in the states which restricted smoking in late 2007 (Lower Saxony, Baden-Württemberg, and Hessen) experienced reduced profits. The German Hotel and Restaurant Association (DEHOGA) claimed that the smoking ban deterred people from going out for a drink or meal, stating that 15% of establishments that adopted a ban in 2007 saw turnover fall by around 50%. However, a study by the University of Hamburg (Ahlfeldt and Maennig 2010) finds negative impacts on revenues, if any, only in the very short run. In the medium and long run, a recovery of revenues took place. These results suggest either, that the consumption in bars and restaurants is not affected by smoking bans in the long run, or, that negative revenue impacts by smokers are compensated by increasing revenues through non-smokers.

Ireland
The Republic of Ireland was the first country to introduce fully smoke-free workplaces (29 March 2004, after it was delayed from 1 January 2004). The Irish workplace smoke-free law was introduced with the intention of protecting workers from secondhand smoke and to discourage smoking in a nation with a high percentage of smokers. In Ireland, the main opposition to the ban came from publicans. Many pubs introduced "outdoor" arrangements (generally heated areas with shelters). It was speculated by opponents that the smoke-free workplaces law would increase the amount of drinking and smoking in the home, but recent studies showed this was not the case.

Ireland's Office of Tobacco Control website indicates that "an evaluation of the official hospitality sector data shows there has been no adverse economic effect from the introduction of this measure (the March 2004 national smoking ban in bars, restaurants, etc), despite claims that the smoke-free law was a significant contributing factor to the closure of hundreds of small rural pubs, with almost 440 fewer licences renewed in 2006 than in 2005."

United Kingdom
Smoking bans were enacted in Scotland on 26 March 2006, in Wales on 2 April 2007, in Northern Ireland on 30 April 2007, and in England on 1 July 2007. The legislation was cited as an example of good regulation which has had a favourable impact on the UK economy by the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, and a review of the impact of smoke-free legislation carried out for the Department of Health concluded that there was no clear adverse impact on the hospitality industry despite initial criticism from some voices within the pub trade.

Six months after implementation in Wales, the Licensed Victuallers Association (LVA), which represents pub operators across Wales, claimed that pubs had lost up to 20% of their trade. The LVA said some businesses were on the brink of closure, others had already closed down, and there was little optimism trade would eventually return to previous levels.

The British Beer and Pub Association (BBPA), which represents some pubs and breweries across the UK claimed that beer sales were at their lowest level since the 1930s, ascribing a fall in sales of 7% during 2007 to the smoke-free regulations.

According to a survey conducted by pub and bar trade magazine The Publican, the anticipated increase in sales of food following introduction of smoke-free workplaces did not immediately occur. The trade magazine's survey of 303 pubs in the United Kingdom found the average customer spent £14.86 on food and drink at dinner in 2007, virtually identical to 2006.

A survey conducted by BII (formerly British Institute of Innkeeping) and the Federation of Licensed Victuallers' Associations (FLVA) concluded that sales had decreased by 7.3% in the 5 months since the introduction of smoke-free workplaces on 1 July 2007. Of the 2,708 responses to the survey, 58% of licensees said they had seen smokers visiting less regularly, while 73% had seen their smoking customers spending less time at the pub.

United States
In the US, smokers and hospitality businesses initially argued that businesses would suffer from no-smoking laws. However, a 2006 review by the U.S. Surgeon General found that smoking restrictions were unlikely to harm businesses in practice, and that many restaurants and bars might see increased business.

In 2003, New York City amended its smoke-free law to include virtually all restaurants and bars, including those in private clubs, making it, along with the California smoke-free law, one of the toughest in the United States. The city's Department of Health found in a 2004 study that air pollution levels had decreased sixfold in bars and restaurants after the restrictions went into effect, and that New Yorkers had reported less secondhand smoke in the workplace. The study also found the city's restaurants and bars prospered despite the smoke-free law, with increases in jobs, liquor licenses, and business tax payments. The president of the New York Nightlife Association remarked that the study was not wholly representative, as by not differentiating between restaurants and nightclubs, the reform may have caused businesses like nightclubs and bars to suffer instead. A 2006 study by the New York State Department of Health found that "the CIAA has not had any significant negative financial effect on restaurants and bars in either the short or the long term".

In Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, three restaurants received short-term exemptions from a local smoke-free ordinance in restaurants when they managed to demonstrate financial suffering because of it.

A bar received the first hardship exemption in Washington, D.C. Maryland also has provisions for hardship exemptions.

Effects upon musical instruments
Bellows-driven instruments – such as the accordion, concertina, melodeon and (Irish) Uilleann bagpipes – reportedly need less frequent cleaning and maintenance as a result of the Irish smoke-free law. "Third-hand smoke", solid particulates from secondhand smoke that are adsorbed onto surfaces and later re-emitted as gases or transferred through touch, are a particular problem for musicians. After playing in smoky bars, instruments can emit nicotine, 3-ethenylpyridine (3-EP), phenol, cresols, naphthalene, formaldehyde, and tobacco-specific nitrosamines (including some not found in freshly-emitted tobacco smoke), which can enter musicians' bodies through the skin, or be re-emitted as gases after they have left the smoky environment. Concern about third-hand smoke on instruments is one of the reasons many musicians, represented by the New Orleans Musicians' Clinic, supported the smoking ban there.

Effects of prison smoking restrictions
Prisons are increasingly restricting tobacco smoking. In the United States, 24 states prohibit indoor smoking whereas California, Nebraska, Arkansas, and Kentucky prohibit smoking on the entire prison grounds. In July 2004 the Federal Bureau of Prisons adopted a smoke-free policy for its facilities. A 1993 U.S. Supreme Court ruling acknowledged that a prisoner's exposure to secondhand smoke could be regarded as cruel and unusual punishment (which would be in violation of the Eighth Amendment). A 1997 ruling in Massachusetts established that prison smoking bans do not constitute cruel and unusual punishment. Many officials view prison smoking bans as a means of reducing health-care costs.

With the exception of Quebec, all Canadian provinces have banned smoking indoors and outdoors in all their prison facilities. Prison officials and guards are sometimes worried due to previous events in other prisons concerning riots, fostering a cigarette black market within the prison, and other problems resulting from total prison smoking restrictions. Prisons have experienced riots when placing smoking restrictions into effect resulting in prisoners setting fires and destroying prison property, and persons being assaulted, injured, and stabbed. One prison in Canada had some guards reporting breathing difficulties from the fumes of prisoners smoking artificial cigarettes made from nicotine patches lit by creating sparks from inserting metal objects into electrical outlets. For example in 2008, the Orsainville Detention Centre near Quebec City, withdrew its smoke-free provision following a riot. But the feared increase in tension and violence expected in association with smoking restrictions has generally not been experienced in practice.

Prison smoking bans are also in force in New Zealand, the Isle of Man and the Australian states of Victoria, Queensland, Tasmania, Northern Territory and New South Wales. The New Zealand ban was subsequently successfully challenged in court on two occasions, resulting in a law change to maintain it.

Some prisoners are getting around the prison smoking bans by producing and smoking "teabacco", which is nicotine patches or lozenges mixed with tea leaves, and rolled up in Bible paper. A forensic analysis of teabacco made from nicotine lozenges identified some potentially-toxic compounds, but concluded that teabacco made from nicotine lozenges may be less harmful than traditional tobacco cigarettes.

Compliance
The introduction of smoking restrictions occasionally generates protests and predictions of widespread non-compliance, along with the rise of smokeasies, including in New York City, Germany, Illinois, the United Kingdom, Utah, and Washington, D.C..

High levels of compliance with smoke-free laws have been reported in most jurisdictions including New York, Ireland, Italy and Scotland. Poor compliance was reported in Calcutta.

Criticism
Smoke-free regulations and ordinances have been criticised on a number of grounds.

Government interference with personal lifestyle
Critics of smoke-free provisions, including musician Joe Jackson, and political essayist Christopher Hitchens, have claimed that regulation efforts are misguided. Typically, such arguments are based upon an interpretation of John Stuart Mill's harm principle which perceives smoke-free laws as an obstacle to tobacco consumption per se, rather than a bar upon harming other people.

Such arguments, which usually refer to the notion of personal liberty, have themselves been criticised by Nobel Prize-winning economist Amartya Sen who defended smoke-free regulations on several grounds. Among other things, Sen argued that while a person may be free to acquire the habit of smoking, they thereby restrict their own freedom in the future given that the habit of smoking is hard to break. Sen also pointed out the heavy costs that smoking inevitably imposes on every society which grants smokers unrestricted access to public services (which, Sen noted, every society that is not "monstrously unforgiving" would do). Arguments which invoke the notion of personal liberty against smoke-free laws are thus incomplete and inadequate, according to Sen.

In New Zealand, two psychiatrist patients and a nurse took their local district health board to court, arguing a smoking ban at intensive care units violated "human dignity" as they were there for mental health reasons, not smoking-related illness. They argued it was "cruel" to deny patients cigarettes.

Property rights
Some critics of smoke-free laws emphasise the property rights of business owners, drawing a distinction between nominally public places (such as government buildings) and privately owned establishments (such as bars and restaurants). Citing economic efficiency, some economists suggest that the basic institutions of private property rights and contractual freedom are capable of resolving conflicts between the preferences of smokers and those who seek a smoke-free environment, without government intrusion.

Legality of smoke-free regulations
Businesses affected by smoke-free regulations have filed lawsuits claiming that these are unconstitutional or otherwise illegal. In the United States, some cite unequal protection under the law while others cite loss of business without compensation, as well as other types of challenges. Some localities where hospitality businesses filed lawsuits against the state or local government include Nevada, Montana, Iowa, Colorado, Kentucky, New York, South Carolina, and Hawaii,       though none have succeeded.

Smoke-free laws may move smoking elsewhere
Restrictions upon smoking in offices and other enclosed public places often result in smokers going outside to smoke, frequently congregating outside doorways. This can result in non-smokers passing through these doorways getting exposed to more secondhand smoke rather than less. Many jurisdictions that have restricted smoking in enclosed public places have extended provisions to cover areas within a fixed distance of entrances to buildings.

The former UK Secretary of State for Health John Reid claimed that restrictions upon smoking in public places may lead to more people smoking at home. However, both the House of Commons Health Committee and the Royal College of Physicians disagreed, with the former finding no evidence to support Reid's claim after studying Ireland, and the latter finding that smoke-free households increased from 22% to 37% between 1996 and 2003.

Connection to drunk driving fatalities
In May 2008, research published by Adams and Cotti in the Journal of Public Economics examined statistics of drunken-driving fatalities and accidents in areas where smoke-free laws have been implemented in bars and found that fatal drunken-driving accidents increased by about 13%, or about 2.5 such accidents per year for a typical county of 680,000. They speculate this could be caused by smokers driving farther away to jurisdictions without smoke-free laws or where enforcement is lax.

Effects of funding on research literature
As in other areas of research, the effect of funding on research literature has been discussed with respect to smoke-free laws. Most commonly, studies which found few or no positive and/or negative effects of smoke-free laws and which were funded by tobacco companies have been delegitimised because of the obvious conflict of interest.

Professor of Economics at the California State Polytechnic University-San Luis Obispo, Michael L. Marlow, defended "tobacco-sponsored" studies arguing that all studies merited "scrutiny and a degree of skepticism", irrespective of their funding. He wished for the basic assumption that every author were "fair minded and trustworthy, and deserves being heard out" and for less attention to research funding when evaluating the results of a study. Marlow suggests that studies funded by tobacco companies are viewed and dismissed as "deceitful", i.e. as being driven by (conscious) bad intention.

Incentives for voluntarily smoke-free establishments
During the debates over the Washington, DC, smoke-free law, city council member Carol Schwartz proposed legislation that would have enacted either a substantial tax credit for businesses that chose to voluntarily restrict smoking or a quadrupling of the annual business license fee for bars, restaurants and clubs that wished to allow smoking. Additionally, locations allowing smoking would have been required to install specified high-performance ventilation systems.

Ventilation
Critics of smoke-free laws have suggested that ventilation is a means of reducing the harmful effects of secondhand smoke. A tobacco industry-funded study conducted by the School of Technology of the University of Glamorgan in Wales, published in the Building Services Journal suggested that "ventilation is effective in controlling the level of contamination", although "ventilation can only dilute or partially displace contaminants and occupational exposure limits are based on the 'as low as reasonably practicable' principle".

Some hospitality organisations have claimed that ventilation systems could bring venues into line with smoke-free restaurant ordinances. A study published by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers and funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation found one establishment with lower air quality in the non-smoking section, due to improperly installed ventilation systems. They also determined that even properly functioning systems "are not substitutes for smoking bans in controlling environmental smoke exposure".

The tobacco industry has focused on proposing ventilation as an alternative to smoke-free laws, though this approach has not been widely adopted in the U.S. because "in the end, it is simpler, cheaper, and healthier to end smoking". The Italian smoke-free law permits dedicated smoking rooms with automatic doors and smoke extractors. Nevertheless, few Italian establishments are creating smoking rooms due to the additional cost.

A landmark report from the U.S. Surgeon General found that even the use of elaborate ventilation systems and smoking rooms fail to provide protection from the health hazards of secondhand smoke, since there is "no safe level of secondhand smoke".

General

 * Smoking bans in private vehicles
 * List of smoke-free colleges and universities
 * Tobacco control
 * Tobacco fatwa
 * A Counterblaste to Tobacco
 * Blue law
 * Indoor air quality

Organizations

 * Action on Smoking and Health
 * Airspace Action on Smoking and Health
 * Anti-Cigarette League of America
 * FOREST (A UK pro-tobacco group)

People

 * Douglas Eads Foster, Los Angeles, California, City Council member, 1927–29, proposed prohibition of smoking near schools
 * Lucy Page Gaston, American leader early 20th century
 * Evan Lewis, Los Angeles City Council member, 1925–41, opposed smoking on balconies of theaters
 * Adolf Hitler, 1889–1945, often considered to be the first national leader to advocate against smoking
 * Patricia Hewitt introduced bans in UK
 * Nicola Roxon introduced plain packaging in Australia

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Smoking ban


text:
Kędzierzyn-Koźle

Kędzierzyn-Koźle (Kandrzin-Koźle) is a city in southern Poland, the administrative center of Kędzierzyn-Koźle County. With 58,899 inhabitants as of 2021, it is the second most-populous city in the Opole Voivodeship.

Geography and economy
Kędzierzyn-Koźle is located in the historic Silesia (Upper Silesia) region at the confluence of the Oder River and its Kłodnica tributary. Situated on the lower reaches of the Gliwice Canal, it is a place of a major river port, has rail connections with all major cities of Poland and lies close to the west of the Metropolis GZM. The town is a major location of chemical industry, the site of several factories and a power plant at Blachownia Śląska. Zakłady Azotowe Kędzierzyn, a subsidiary of Grupa Azoty located in Kędzierzyn, is one of the largest chemical plants in Poland.

In 1975, the historic core Koźle on the left bank of the Oder was merged with the municipalities of Kędzierzyn, Sławięcice, and Kłodnica on the right bank, which had developed to suburbs since the 19th century industrialisation, to form present-day Kędzierzyn-Koźle.

Etymology
The name of the city is of Polish origin, with Kędzierzyn coming from the male name Kędziora or Kędzierzawy, and Koźle coming from the word kozioł, which means "he-goat, buck". The city has a canting arms as it depicts three heads of goats.

Koźle
A border fortress held by a minor member of the Polish Piast dynasty was first mentioned in 1104, when it was besieged by the Přemyslid prince Svatopluk of Olomouc. The Koźle castellany was part of the Polish Duchy of Silesia since 1138, from 1172/73 of the Upper Silesian Duchy of Racibórz under the rule of the Silesian Piasts. In 1281, it was inherited by Duke Casimir of Bytom, who also called himself Duke of Koźle. Casimir soon turned to the neighbouring Kingdom of Bohemia; in 1289, he paid homage to King Wenceslaus II and received his duchy as a Bohemian fief. In 1293, he vested Koźle with town privileges, had walls erected. After Casimir was succeeded by his son Władysław in 1312, Koźle remained the capital of an autonomous duchy, ruled by the Bytom branch of the Silesian Piasts until the death of Duke Bolesław in 1355. King Charles IV adjudicated the reverted Bohemian fief to the Piast duke Konrad I of Oleśnica, whereafter the town remained a possession of the Oleśnica line until it became extinct in 1492. In 1431, Duke Konrad VII the White founded a Monastery of the Order of Friars Minor in Koźle.

Again purchased by the Opole duke Jan II the Good in 1509, the Koźle estates were ultimately incorporated into the Lands of the Bohemian Crown upon his death in 1532. Within the Habsburg monarchy, it was temporarily pawned to the Hohenzollern Margraves of Brandenburg-Ansbach. The fortress was besieged several times during the Thirty Years' War and occupied by Danish troops under the command of Duke John Ernest I of Saxe-Weimar in 1627, before they were defeated by Imperial forces under Albrecht von Wallenstein. Again conquered by a Swedish contingent led by Lennart Torstensson in 1642, the town remained almost completely devastated. In 1645, it returned to Polish rule under the House of Vasa.

Occupied by the troops of King Frederick the Great in the First Silesian War, Koźle as Cosel with the bulk of Silesia became a Prussian possession by the 1742 Treaty of Breslau. The king ordered the extension of the fortifications, nevertheless the town was occupied by Habsburg Pandurs during the Second Silesian War in 1744 and had to be reconquered by the Prussian Army two years later; the shelling again caused heavy losses and damages. The rebuilt fortress held against Austrian sieges during the Seven Years' War, even General Ernst Gideon von Laudon in 1760 had to raise his siege. In the 18th century, Cosel belonged to the tax inspection region of Neustadt (Prudnik). In 1807 the Prussian garrison withstood another besiegement by the allied Napoleonic and Bavarian forces under General Bernhard Erasmus von Deroy until a peace was made by the Treaty of Tilsit. In 1815, Cosel was incorporated into the Prussian Province of Silesia, from 1871 part of the German Empire. The development of the town was promoted by the construction of the Kłodnica Canal from the Oder port to Gliwice from 1806 until 1907. In 1903, the Polish Bank Ludowy was founded in the town.

After World War I and the Upper Silesia plebiscite of March 1921, the Polish insurgents temporarily captured the part of the town east of the Oder during the Third Silesian Uprising. In Koźle, the insurgents seized large supplies of ammunition and food, and some 1,000 railroad cars. After the uprising, however, the town remained part of Germany in the interbellum. Local Polish activists were intensively persecuted by the Germans since 1937.

During World War II, the Germans operated three forced labour subcamps (E2, E153, E155) of the Stalag VIII-B/344 prisoner-of-war camp in the town. In the course of the Vistula–Oder Offensive, the Soviet Red Army from 21 January 1945 attacked the Koźle bridgehead. Afterwards, it became again part of Poland under the re-drawing of borders after World War II.

Kędzierzyn and other districts
Kędzierzyn was founded as a village in the 13th century, and Sławięcice was first mentioned in 13th-century documents, when both settlements were part of fragmented Piast-ruled Poland. Sławięcice even obtained town rights before 1260, but lost them in 1260, as Duke Władysław Opolski transferred them to nearby Ujazd. Sławięcice was once home to a now lost palace.

During the Third Silesian Uprising, the area was the site of heavy fighting between Polish insurgents and Germans. On May 4, 1921, the insurgents captured Sławięcice, then Blachownia Śląska and Cisowa on May 8, Kędzierzyn on May 9, and Kłodnica on May 10. Sławięcice was an essential logistical center for the insurgents for a month, with a field hospital and the headquarters of an insurgent unit. In June 1921, the Germans attacked the Polish insurgents, and recaptured Kędzierzyn. The Germans then massacred captured Polish prisoners of war in nearby Lichynia.

During World War II, the Germans operated multiple forced labour camps in the area. In Kędzierzyn there was a forced labour "education" camp, and three subcamps (BAB 20/E794, BAB 40/E794, E711A) of the Stalag VIII-B/344 prisoner-of-war camp. In the present-day district of Blachownia Śląska there was a forced labour subcamp of the prison in Strzelce Opolskie, and four subcamps (BAB 21/E793, BAB 48/E793, E3, E714) of the Stalag VIII-B/344 camp. In the present-day district of Kłodnica, there was the E800 subcamp of the Stalag VIII-B/344 camp. In Sławięcice there was another forced labour "education" camp, two subcamps (E6, E207) of the Stalag VIII-B/344 camp, and a subcamp of the Auschwitz concentration camp which operated from April 1, 1944, to January 26, 1945. In Sławięcice, there was also a crematorium for the victims of the camps, which is now a memorial. Allied prisoners of war of various nationalities, Jews, and Polish children were among the victims of the forced labour camps. In the final stages of the war, in 1945, a German-conducted death march of thousands of prisoners of several subcamps of the Auschwitz concentration camp passed through Blachownia and Koźle towards the Gross-Rosen concentration camp.

Following Nazi Germany's defeat in the war, the region was transferred from Germany to Poland as stipulated by the Potsdam Agreement. In the years immediately following World War II, the ethnic German population was expelled, also in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement. The remaining Polish population was joined by Poles displaced from the eastern territories of Poland annexed by the Soviet Union and by 600 Poles repatriated from Lupeni, Romania.

In 1954, Blachownia and Lenartowice merged to form the Blachownia Śląska district in Sławięcice.

In 1999, the branch line connecting the city with Strzelce Opolskie closed as part of Polskie Koleje Państwowe cost-cutting.

Sports
The town is home to ZAKSA Kędzierzyn-Koźle, one of the most successful Polish volleyball clubs, the nine–time Polish Champion, ten–time Polish Cup winner, and three–time winner of CEV Champions League (2021, 2022, 2023).

Transport
There are five railway stations in the city. Kędzierzyn-Koźle is located at the intersection of National road 40 and Voivodeship roads 408, 410, 418, 423 and 426, and the A4 motorway runs nearby, just north of the city.

Notable people

 * Bernhard von Hülsen (1865–1950), German general
 * Gustav Giemsa (1867–1948), German chemist and bacteriologist
 * Tomasz Kamusella (born 1967), Polish scholar
 * Ewa Komander (born 1985), Polish professional triathlete
 * Kamil Semeniuk (born 1996), Polish volleyball player
 * Rafał Wojaczek (1945–1971), Polish poet

Twin towns – sister cities
Kędzierzyn-Koźle is twinned with:

 * 🇱🇹 Jonava, Lithuania
 * 🇺🇦 Kalush, Ukraine
 * 🇩🇪 Öhringen, Germany
 * 🇵🇱 Pisz, Poland
 * 🇨🇿 Přerov, Czech Republic
 * 🇵🇱 Racibórz, Poland

title: Kędzierzyn-Koźle


text:
Nysa, Poland

Nysa (Neisse or Neiße, Nysa) is a city in southwestern Poland on the Eastern Neisse (Polish: Nysa Kłodzka) river, situated in the Opole Voivodeship. With 43,849 inhabitants (2019), it is the capital of Nysa County. It comprises the urban portion of the surrounding Gmina Nysa. Historically the city was part of Upper Silesia.

History
Nysa, one of the oldest towns in Silesia, was probably founded in the 10th century. The name of the Nysa river, from which the town takes its name, was mentioned in 991, when the region formed part of the Duchy of Poland under Mieszko I of Poland. A Polish stronghold was built in Nysa in the 11th and 12th century due to the proximity of the border with the Czech Duchy. As a result of the fragmentation of Poland, it became part of the Duchy of Silesia, and from the 14th century it functioned as the capital of the Duchy of Nysa, administered by the Bishopric of Wrocław. In the 12th century the Gothic Basilica of St. James and St. Agnes was built (later rebuilt after the war devastations of the 13th and 14th centuries). Now designated a Historic Monument of Poland, it is the most distinctive and most valuable landmark of Nysa. Nysa was granted town rights around 1223 by bishop Lawrence, confirmed by Duke Bolesław II Rogatka of Legnica in 1250, and attracted Flemish and German settlers. In 1241 it was ravaged by the Mongols during the first Mongol invasion of Poland. In 1245, it was granted staple right and two yearly fairs were established. In the early-14th century Nysa became an important trade- and craft-center of Poland, before it passed under the suzerainty of the Bohemian Crown in 1351, under which it remained until 1742. It also became one of the leading cultural centers of Silesia.

The town's fortifications, dating from 1350, served to defend against the Hussites in 1424. During the Hussite Wars, in 1428 it was the site of the, with Poles and Czechs fighting on both sides. One of the prominent signs that Nysa was a significant center is the report in Nuremberg Chronicle, published in 1493, which mentions the city among the major urban centers of Central and Eastern Europe. In the description of the town population included in this chronicle we read "plebs rustica polonici ydeomatis ...". The Nysa coat of arms at the entrance of the Charles Bridge in Prague, which is displayed alongside the arms of the most prominent Bohemian cities, also indicates the importance of the town. In the 16th century it was a Polish printing center.

During the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) Nysa was besieged three times. It was plundered by the Saxons and Swedes. Polish prince (and later King) Władysław IV Vasa ((r. 1632 – 1648)) visited the town several times between 1619 and 1638. In 1624 the Kolegium Carolinum Neisse (today's I Liceum Ogólnokształcące), one of the most renowned schools of Silesia, was established as a Jesuit college. Polish King Michał Korybut Wiśniowiecki and Polish prince James Louis Sobieski both attended this school.

During the First Silesian War (War of the Austrian Succession), in 1741, Nysa was besieged and captured by Prussians, King Frederick II of Prussia laid the foundations of its modern fortifications. In 1758, during the Seven Years' War, it was besieged by the Austrians. On 25 August 1769 it was the site of a meeting between Frederick II and Emperor Joseph II, co-regent in the Habsburg monarchy of Austria.

During the Napoleonic Wars Neisse was taken by the French in 1807. It retained its mostly Catholic character within the predominantly Protestant province of Silesia in the Kingdom of Prussia. Because of its many churches from the Gothic and Baroque periods the town was nicknamed "the Silesian Rome". In 1816–1911, the town was the seat of the Neisse District, after which it became an independent city. According to the Prussian census of 1910, the city of Neisse had a population of 25,938, of whom around 95% spoke German, 4% spoke Polish and 1% were bilingual.

During World War I and the post-war Polish Silesian Uprising, a prisoner-of-war camp was located in the town. Charles de Gaulle, future leader of French Resistance against German occupation in World War II and later president of France, was imprisoned there in 1916. After World War I, Neisse became part of the new Province of Upper Silesia within Weimar Germany.

During World War II the Germans established a subcamp of the Gross-Rosen concentration camp, three forced-labour camps, and several working parties of the Stalag VIII-B/344 prisoner-of-war camp at Łambinowice. Conquered by the Red Army in the last months of the war, the town was placed preliminarily under Polish administration in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement and renamed to the Polish Nysa. The town's German population was partly evacuated. After the German defeat, and following the preliminary establishment of the Oder-Neisse line as the new German-Polish border, the remaining German population of Nysa was expelled. Expulsions started in mid-June 1945, carried out by the Soviet-organized Polish militia who surrounded settlements, entered homes, and asked their inhabitants to leave their home with them.

In the following years, new Polish settlers, some whom were themselves expelled or resettled from what is now Western Ukraine (see: Kresy), made Nysa their new home.

Nysa's monuments
As a result of destruction during World War II, in particular the heavy fighting of the Vistula–Oder Offensive and the Lower Silesian offensive of early 1945, during which the Red Army pushed the German Army Group A out of southwest Poland and the adjacent German Lower Silesia, the historic aspect of the town has only partially been preserved. After Polish takeover of the town, hundreds of historic burgher houses were struck down in line with the Communist's ideological goals of degermanization and struggle against the bourgeoisie, to provide material for re-building Warsaw. The most important monuments have been rebuilt. A list of the monuments of Nysa is seen on the page Nysa's monuments.

Polish troops were stationed in Nysa until 2001, when they were relocated to Kłodzko.

Economy
Until recently, Nysa was a major industrial centre in the Opole Voivodeship. The town was home to metal works, machinery production, agricultural produce and construction materials. The year 2002 saw the closure of the ZSD company. The company constructed delivery vehicles, namely the ZSD Nysa, FSO Polonez and, until recently, the Citroën C15 and Berlingo. Currently, the factory remains closed.

Recently, the Wałbrzych Special Economic Zone is located by Dubois Street (ul. Dubois) and Karpacka Street (ul. Karpacka), largely revolving around agricultural goods and produce, as well as metal works.

Sports

 * Stal Nysa SA – men's volleyball team playing in Polish Volleyball League (Polska Liga Siatkówki, PLS), new in 2020 season
 * KŻ Nysa – sailing club with seat on Nysa's lake
 * AZS PWSZ Nysa – students club of AZS
 * Polonia Nysa – football club
 * Podzamcze Nysa – football club
 * AZS Basket Nysa – basketball club
 * NTSK Nysa – women's volleyball club
 * Fort Nysa – rugby and Australian rules football club
 * NTG Nysa – gymnastics club

Notable people

 * Konrad Emil Bloch (1912–2000), German-American biochemist, Nobel Prize winner
 * Emanuel Sperner (1905–1980), German mathematician
 * Marcin Bors (born 1978), Polish record producer
 * Hans-Joachim Caesar, Reichsbank director, German bank comptroller in occupied France, 1940–44
 * Emanuel Oscar Menahem Deutsch (1829–1873), scholar on the Middle East
 * Paweł Franczak (born 1991), Polish cyclist
 * Rudolf Fränkel (1901–1974), architect
 * Sigismund Freyer (1881–1944), German horse rider
 * Piotr Gacek (born 1978), Polish volleyball player
 * Bernhard Grzimek (1909–1987), zoologist and conservationist
 * Wilhelm Hasse (1894–1945), Wehrmacht general
 * Martin Helwig (1516–1574), cartographer
 * Max Herrmann-Neisse (1886–1941) German poet
 * Max Hodann (1894–1946), German physician
 * Carl Hoffmann (1885–1947), German cinematographer and film director
 * Jakub Jarosz (born 1987), Polish volleyball player
 * Valentin Krautwald (1465–1545), German religious reformer
 * Bartosz Kurek (born 1988), Polish volleyball player
 * Adam Kurek (born 1968), Polish volleyball player
 * Edmund Lesser (1852–1918), German dermatologist
 * Maria Merkert (1817–1872), founder of the Congregation of Saint Elizabeth
 * Kurt von Morgen (1858–1928), Prussian explorer and officer
 * Hans Guido Mutke (1921–2004), fighter pilot
 * Emin Pasha (Eduard Schnitzer) (1840–1892), physician and Ottoman governor of Equatoria
 * Karl-Georg Saebisch (1903–1984), German actor
 * Friedrich von Sallet (1812–1843), German satirical writer
 * Solomon Schindler (1842–1915), rabbi
 * Franz Skutsch (1865–1912), German classical philologist and linguist
 * Ryszard Wasko (born 1947), Polish artist
 * Max Ernst Wichura (1817–1866), German lawyer and botanist
 * Arnold von Winckler (1856–1945), Prussian general
 * Roman Wójcicki (born 1958), Polish footballer
 * Krzysztof Wójcik (born 1960), Polish volleyball player
 * Angela Zigahl (1855–1955), German teacher and politician
 * Ewa Wiśnierska (born 1971), member of the German paraglider team
 * Ewa Wiśnierska (born 1971), member of the German paraglider team

Other residents

 * Isidor Barndt
 * Nicolaus Copernicus
 * Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff
 * Karl Rudolph Friedenthal
 * Eduard von Grützner
 * Franz Ludwig von Pfalz-Neuburg
 * Christoph Scheiner
 * Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben
 * Wacker von Wackenfels

Twin towns – sister cities
See twin towns of Gmina Nysa.

title: Nysa, Poland