text:
Ham (disambiguation)

Ham is a cut of meat from an edible mammal's rear, usually from a pig.

Ham or HAM may also refer to:

People

 * Ham (surname)
 * Ham (son of Noah)
 * Ham Allen (1846–1881), American baseball player
 * Ham Avery (1854–1927), American lawyer and baseball player
 * Ham Burrill (1903–1978), English speedway rider
 * Ham Dowling (1895–1986), American football player and engineer
 * Ham Fisher (1900–1955), American comic strip writer and cartoonist
 * Ham Harmon (1913–1997), American football player
 * Ham Hyatt (1884–1963), American baseball player
 * Ham Iburg (1873–1945), American baseball player
 * Ham Lambert (1910–2006), Irish cricketer and rugby union player
 * Ham Lini (born 1951), ni-Vanuatu politician
 * Ham Mukasa (1870–1956), a vizier in the court of Mutesa I of Buganda
 * Hàm Nghi (1871–1944), Emperor of Đại Nam
 * Ham Patterson (1877–1945), American baseball player
 * Ham Richardson (1933–2006), American tennis player
 * Ham Wade (1879–1968), American baseball player
 * Ham people of Nigeria

Belgium

 * Ham, Belgium, a municipality

France

 * Le Ham, Manche, a commune
 * Le Ham, Mayenne, a commune
 * Ham (Cergy), a village near Cergy, Val-d'Oise
 * Canton of Ham, a canton in the département of the Somme
 * Ham, Somme, a commune in the canton

United Kingdom

 * Ham Island, River Thames, Berkshire, England
 * Ham, East Devon, a location in Devon, England
 * Ham, Plymouth, Devon, England
 * Ham, Cheltenham, a location in Gloucestershire, England
 * Ham, Stroud, in Ham and Stone parish, Gloucestershire, England
 * Ham, Kent, England
 * Ham, London, in Richmond upon Thames
 * Ham, Creech St Michael, a location in Somerset, England
 * Ham, Mendip, a location in Somerset, England
 * Ham, South Somerset, a location in Somerset, England
 * Ham, West Buckland, a location in Somerset, England
 * Ham, Wiltshire, England
 * Ham, Caithness, Scotland
 * Ham, Shetland, Scotland
 * The Ham, Westbury, Wiltshire, England

United States

 * Ham Lake (Hubbard County, Minnesota), a lake
 * Ham Lake (Morrison County, Minnesota), a lake
 * Winterham, Virginia or Ham

Arts and entertainment

 * Hammaglystwythkbrngxxaxolotl or Ham, a character in Badger comic books
 * Ham, a setting in Farmer Giles of Ham by J.R.R. Tolkien
 * HAM (band), an Icelandic rock band
 * "H•A•M", a song by Kanye West and Jay-Z
 * H.A.M. (Happy Accessible Music), a 2016 EP by Joanna Wang
 * A performer who overacts

Acronyms

 * Helsinki Art Museum
 * His Apostolic Majesty, a style used by the Kings of Hungary
 * Historic Arkansas Museum, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
 * Hold-And-Modify, a screen mode of the Commodore Amiga computer
 * Homotopy analysis method
 * Human asset management

Codes

 * Hamburg Airport's IATA code
 * Hamlet (Amtrak station)'s station code
 * Hewa language's ISO 639-3 code
 * Hampshire, Chapman code
 * Hampton railway station, Melbourne

Other uses

 * Ham (chimpanzee), the first hominid launched into outer space
 * Ham radio operator
 * -ham, a generic suffix in place names in the UK and Ireland meaning farm, e.g. Rotherham
 * Ham-class minesweeper, a former British Royal Navy class
 * Nippon Ham, a meat packing and food processing company founded in 1949 in Tokushima, Japan
 * Tailor's ham, a curved mold for pressing garments
 * $$\mathop{\rm Ham}(M,\omega)$$, the group of Hamiltonian symplectomorphisms of $$(M,\omega)$$

title: Ham (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Ham (disambiguation)

cut: The descendends of Ham, living in northern Africa, are called Hamites.
 * First, it's 'descendents' in English, but the sentence isn't worth revising.
 * Second, this sentence was believed in Europe before some date, I suppose, but it's being presented as a fact.

'''--regardless of it being "fact", HAM is a figure in hebrew literature. If you are NOT going to list Ham... you better get rid of the rest of them; Adam, Eve, Noah, Moses, etc...--'''

Yep, pretty appalling. But what should it be? Why cut it entirely without replacing it with at least something just as brief? --LMS (who won't, contrary to appearances, be at work today...)

The article Map makers linked to Ham, but Ham the map maker got cut out of the article. i.e. the link was broken.

Religious Figure as Fiction
The "literature" section I might go with, but a person in a religion should not be identified as "fiction" - I would no sooner call Ham fictional than I would Shiva (unless you mean the Shiva in Final Fantasy). --138.163.0.44 (talk) 19:15, 21 May 2008 (UTC)

Disambiguation
Why is this a full disambiguation page, instead of a page on the meat with a link to ham (disambiguation) on top? Surely that is by far the most popular meaning that deserves the place... --Shallot 16:50, 18 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Also, why is the Talk:Ham page redirected to the Talk:Ham (disambiguation)?

Fixed it --El Pollo Diablo (Talk) 16:42, 25 January 2007 (UTC)

what about the "not spam" meaning, which is widely used nowadays?
—The preceding unsigned comment was added by 87.0.95.214 (talk) 16:57, 15 February 2007 (UTC).

DJ Ham
Have added an entry for DJ Ham, a notable UK Hardcore DJ/producer 81.178.251.10 20:20, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

What about -ham ending with meaning "village"?
I wanted to see the etymology of this with no succes 5.34.9.156 (talk) 14:47, 25 October 2014 (UTC)

hamrecycling
Is hamrecycling a regular term? --Itu (talk) 13:03, 12 November 2014 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Ham (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Ukrainian language

Request for comment on adding a section on the names of the language
A draft for a section on the historic names of the language is created at Draft:Ukrainian language/Names/Crash48. Requesting comments on whether to add such a section. Crash48 (talk) 07:27, 24 December 2023 (UTC)

 * This still has the problem that it suggests 'little russian' was usually used used since 1187. It neglects to mention the terms was tied to the russian empire while tieing the term 'Rutheian' to the austrian empire when it was historically more widely used.
 * This section is clearly POV painting 'little russian' as being used much more widely and for longer than sources say—blindlynx 15:35, 24 December 2023 (UTC)
 * The section includes abundant references confirming that the term Little Russian was not tied to the Russian Empire, and was used worldwide, including in Austro-Hungary. The editors who asserted that the term Little Russian was tied to the Russian Empire couldn't, since September, present as much as a single source asserting that. Crash48 (talk) 19:34, 24 December 2023 (UTC)
 * No, it contains a few of wp:primary sources that you try to use to show that. The first source you cite clearly says : [...] '“Little Russian” language (the term used for Ukrainian in the Russian Empire—blindlynx 20:05, 24 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Brock says: Whereas those who lived under Habsburg rule were called Ruthenian their brethren in Russia were usually known as Little Russians., Moser echos this distinction. While the Kohut paper talks about how the term fell out of use after 1340 and was relived with the incorporation of the Hetmanate into the russian empire and even then was only used for the parts of Ukraine under russian rule.  Boeck says something similar  The term [ukraïna] continued to be used in the eighteenth century, but by midcentury the lands of the Hetmanate began to be called Little Russia (Malorossiia) by both its inhabitants and imperial officials. (also after saying the term 'ukraïna' came around in the 16c)—blindlynx 20:31, 24 December 2023 (UTC)
 * You seem to miss the point that the section is about the name of the language, not the name of the country. They didn't always match, and that's exactly what the section is about. As for the first source, contrary to your claim, it doesn't state that the term Little Russian was used exclusively in or by the Russian Empire, or somehow "tied" to it. Crash48 (talk) 20:58, 24 December 2023 (UTC)
 * What do you think [...] '“Little Russian” language (the term used for Ukrainian in the Russian Empire means?
 * I think it means what it literally says: that the term was used in the Russian Empire. Now, what do you think it means? Do you think it means that the term was not used outside the Russian Empire? --Crash48 (talk) 16:03, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * @Crash48 that the source doesn't say the term was 'usually' used since 1187 and that it does not say it was used outside the russian empire as your draft suggests—blindlynx 19:27, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Correct: this source neither asserts nor denies that the term was used outside the Russian Empire. This is why I'm citing not only this source but also other secondary sources which state that it was used outside the Russian Empire as well. Do you lot know of any RS stating the opposite? Crash48 (talk) 21:07, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * I'm not going to list them yet again, perhaps you should reread the sources you use... Moser in particular who uses "Ruthenian" to talk about the language in Hapsburg empire "Little Russian" in Russian Empire.
 * The fact the source makes a point of saying it was a term used in the russian empire and not something like a historic term for Ukrainian implies that it was not substantially used outside the empire. Your use of primary and dated secondary sources rather than modern secondary ones also does not inspire confidence in the claim and is discussed below—blindlynx 16:20, 26 December 2023 (UTC)
 * implies that it was not substantially used outside the empire is the definition of WP:SYNTH. Thank you for making so obvious which party has to rely on synth for statements which they cannot find in any RS. Crash48 (talk) 17:40, 26 December 2023 (UTC)
 * WP:SYNTH governs article content, not discussions. Somebody please bring this to Arbitration/Requests/Enforcement . Manyareasexpert (talk) 18:01, 26 December 2023 (UTC)
 * I fail to see how your sources not supporting what you say is synth on my part—blindlynx 22:34, 26 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Your draft does not reflect the name of the language and the name of the country not always always matching. Please hold yourself to the same standard you expect of others—blindlynx 00:22, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * William Morfill (1887): The Malo, or Little Russian language, as it ought properly to be called, the term Ruthenish being without meaning -is spoken by upwards of sixteen millions of people, scattered over Southern Russia, Galicia, Bukovina and part of Northeastern Hungary. Britannica 1911: Dialects. — Russian dialects fall into two main divisions — Great (Velikorusskij), including White (Belorusskij) Russian, and Little Russian (Malorusskij). The latter is spoken in a belt reaching from Galicia and the Northern Carpathians (see Ruthenians) through Podolia and Volhynia and the governments of Kiev, Chernigov, Poltava, Kharkov and the southern part of Voronezh to the Don and the Kuban upon which the Dnepr Cossacks were settled. These are two secondary RS, British in origin, asserting that the language of Ukrainians both inside and outside the Russian Empire was known as Little Russian at the time. You're still welcome to present any source asserting the opposite. --Crash48 (talk) 08:51, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Those sources are more then 100 years old and, since the naming has been changed since, should not be used without modern secondary sources describing them. Manyareasexpert (talk) 09:19, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Do you mean that 100-years-old secondary sources are less authoritative on the terminology used 100 years ago than modern secondary sources? Of course the terminology has changed since then: this is precisely what the section is about. --Crash48 (talk) 10:27, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * It's better to use sources aware of the terminology change to discuss terminology change. Manyareasexpert (talk) 10:59, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * No problem. Britannica 1962, cited in the draft, is aware of the terminology change, yet equates between Little Russian and Ukrainian: The Russian language <...> is sometimes called Great Russian to distinguish it from the closely related Byelorussian or White Russian and "Little Russian" (an obsolescent term) or Ukrainian, with which it makes up the eastern branch of the Slavonic languages. Does this citation resolve the question of whether the term Little Russian was "tied" to the Russian Empire, or do you want me to play WP:FETCH? --Crash48 (talk) 14:13, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * No. The fact you have to rely on synth and outdated sources to make this claim while selectively reading modern secondary sources means it's at best undue and realistically the modern secondary sources you use do not support your position—blindlynx 15:27, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Would you like to identify any specific synthesised statement in the draft? Previous editors who called the draft synthesised refused to point out any specific synthesised statements. --Crash48 (talk) 16:03, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * See below for a quote Talk:Ukrainian language Manyareasexpert (talk) 17:48, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * If you believe that the part you quoted implies a conclusion not explicitly stated by any source, please specify which conclusion that is. Crash48 (talk) 21:12, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * I don't know what you are trying to prove with that extensive collection of mentions of "Little Russian". Regardless, that collection should not be in the article. Me being you, I'd find a reliable source for the issue, and base a paragraph on it. For example, Kamusella has a few books which pay attention to the issue. Manyareasexpert (talk) 21:21, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * This is exactly what I mean when I state that you lot refuse to point out any specific synthesised (=implied but not explicitly stated by any source) statements. Your allegations of synthesis are entirely baseless, and you know it. Crash48 (talk) 08:25, 26 December 2023 (UTC)

 * A section on the subject of the language’s name and historical names might be warranted.
 * But the proposed section as presented is chiefly a list of historical anecdotes from selected primary sources, and not a representation of what reliable secondary sources say on the name of the subject. It is basically WP:SYNTH, or a collection of facts inviting the reader to draw conclusions without telling us what conclusions RS have drawn. The anecdotes are a selection that may point to a conclusion that’s not the one that NPOV sources give us.
 * It’s also a bit out in left field without the specific context of what Ukraine and Ukrainians were called, since the names of the language refers to them. —Michael Z. 07:15, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Ukraine and Ukrainians have their own articles. The subject of this article is Ukrainian language. --Crash48 (talk) 08:51, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * You aren't answering arguments presented. The arguments stay. Manyareasexpert (talk) 09:20, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Calling clearly attributed citations from secondary sources "a list of historical anecdotes from selected primary sources" is an obvious WP:GASLIGHT and doesn't need any refutation. --Crash48 (talk) 10:27, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 *  In particular, Ivan Kotliarevsky, regarded as the pioneer of modern Ukrainian literature, subtitled his Eneida (1798) as a translation into Little Russian language; this subtitle was used until 1842[2], but changed into Ukrainian language for the next edition in 1862.[3] As late as 1845, the Ukrainian poet and philologist Ivan Vahylevych referred to his language as Little Russian[4] for practical reasons, as this term was more familiar to his intended readers.[5] The linguonym Ukrainian language appears in Yakub Holovatsky's book from 1849,[6] listed there as a variant name of the Little Russian language. In a private letter from 1854, Taras Shevchenko lauds "our splendid Ukrainian language".[7] Pylyp Morachevskyi, the author of the first translation of the New Testament into Ukrainian, called the language Little Russian in his manuscript from 1861[8]; but when first published in 1907, the language of his translation was named both as Little Russian and as Ukrainian.[9] Valuyev's decree from 1863 derides the "Little Russian" language throughout, but also mentions "the so-called Ukrainian language" once.[10] In Galicia, the earliest applications of the term Ukrainian to the language were in the hyphenated names Ukrainian-Ruthenian (1866, by Paulin Święcicki) or Ruthenian-Ukrainian (1871, by Panteleimon Kulish and Ivan Puluj), with non-hyphenated Ukrainian language appearing shortly thereafter (in 1878, by Mykhailo Drahomanov).[11][12]  is a collection of facts from selected primary sources. Manyareasexpert (talk) 11:01, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * No it isn't, as it incorporates citations from secondary sources. --Crash48 (talk) 14:13, 25 December 2023 (UTC)
 * How many citations of primary sources is your proposed text relying on? Why? —Michael Z. 05:56, 26 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Because it's explicitly permitted by Wikipedia policy, whereas your demand to abstain from citing primary sources is not based on any Wikipedia policy, and amounts to WP:STONEWALL. Crash48 (talk) 08:31, 26 December 2023 (UTC)
 * See WP:RSPRIMARY Wikipedia articles should be based mainly on reliable secondary sources. Manyareasexpert (talk) 09:20, 26 December 2023 (UTC)
 * This draft is based mainly on reliable secondary sources. It uses citations from primary sources too. What exactly is your problem? Crash48 (talk) 12:09, 26 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Concerns are regarding the specific part quoted above based on primary sources. Manyareasexpert (talk) 12:30, 26 December 2023 (UTC)
 * I only asked how many. —Michael Z. 21:28, 26 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Dictionaries only have entries for etymons like Ukrainian, not for their use in compound terms like Ukrainian language.  —Michael Z. 21:30, 26 December 2023 (UTC)
 * The very idea of this type of section is not bad, even interesting and valuable, but not in its current form. The current form jumps from the name "Ruthenian" to the name "Little Russian" very quickly, completely ignoring other names that functioned before. The article ignores such names as " prosta mova," as well as the issue of the Ukrainian variant of the Church Slavonic.Marcelus (talk) 13:06, 22 January 2024 (UTC)

Intermediate summary
Multiple editors expressed allegations that the draft is WP:SYNTH. None of these editors is willing to specify any particular conclusion which is implied by the draft but not explicitly stated in any of the cited sources, which is the definition of WP:SYNTH. Any further discussion with these editors is impossible until they either substantiate or strike out their allegations. --Crash48 (talk) 12:19, 26 December 2023 (UTC)

 * Okay. —Michael Z. 02:52, 27 December 2023 (UTC)

 * Whatever the problem, some parts of the page are completely unsourced. This should be fixed. My very best wishes (talk) 00:16, 30 December 2023 (UTC)

Extended-confirmed-protected edit request on 16 January 2024
Add the Brazilian city Prudentopolis as a place where Ukrainian language is official, because it was officialized some years ago. Sources:

http://web.archive.org/web/20220225004703/http://www.cmprudentopolis.pr.gov.br/index.php?sessao=a8e910730f0da8&id=59452 http://web.archive.org/web/20220225004645/https://nossagente.info/2021/10/06/lingua-ucraniana-e-oficialmente-a-lingua-co-oficial-do-municipio-de-prudentopolis/ https://web.archive.org/web/20220225232953/https://redesuldenoticias.com.br/noticias/lingua-ucraniana-e-oficializada-nessa-quarta-20-em-prudentopolis/ Mirandi7777 (talk) 20:23, 16 January 2024 (UTC)
 * ✅. --UA0Volodymyr (talk) 16:05, 17 January 2024 (UTC)

New svg map I have created
I have vectorised and turned the current map into an svg. Could someone with editing privileges please change the current map to this one?

Thanks. Mnohohrishnyi (talk) 16:40, 2 April 2024 (UTC)

Please stop
Hi, please don't revert my edits without talking first. I am tackling the citations and the duplinks and the individual cns on this dreadful article are not needed - I can see where the text needs to be cited. Amitchell125 (talk) 19:21, 4 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Greetings, I don't see the reason for the CN template for the whole article, thanks! ManyAreasExpert (talk) 19:36, 4 April 2024 (UTC)
 * It can go if you want, but the article as a whole needs the citations checked, and any uncited material removed. Amitchell125 (talk) 19:40, 4 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Thanks! After you're done, as the article is mostly supplied with sources, there is no sense to have CN for the whole of it. ManyAreasExpert (talk) 19:42, 4 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Can you help with the missing citations? Amitchell125 (talk) 19:44, 4 April 2024 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure what are you doing, which sentence(s) you need the source for? ManyAreasExpert (talk) 19:46, 4 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Err... any with [citation needed] after them, or any that are clearly in need of a citation. If you can help, that would be great. Amitchell125 (talk) 19:54, 4 April 2024 (UTC)

Request on adding a link to the relevant article Geographical distribution of Ukrainian speakers
I think that the Ukrainian language section would be better if its beginning provided a link to the Geographical distribution of Ukrainian speakers article. It contains census data from different countries and other important information. Swiirwo (talk) 12:35, 7 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ukrainian language


text:
Curtin University

Curtin University (previously as Curtin University of Technology and Western Australian Institute of Technology) is an Australian public research university based in Bentley, Perth, Western Australia. It is named after John Curtin, Prime Minister of Australia from 1941 to 1945, and is the largest university in Western Australia, with students in.

WAIT was established in 1966. Curtin was conferred university status after legislation was passed by the Parliament of Western Australia in 1986. Since then, the university has expanded its presence and has campuses in Singapore, Malaysia, Dubai and Mauritius, and has ties with 90 exchange universities in 20 countries. The university comprises five main faculties with over 95 specialists centres. It had a campus in Sydney from 2005 to 2016.

Curtin University is a member of the Australian Technology Network. Curtin University is active in research in a range of academic and practical fields. Curtin is the only Western Australian university whose students have won the Australian Institute of Nuclear Science and Engineering's Postgraduate Student Gold Medal as at 2020.

History
Curtin University was founded in 1966 as the Western Australian Institute of Technology. The four people who drove its establishment were Lesley Phillips, who was Superintendent of Technical Education from 1943 to 1948; George Hayman, who held the same position from 1948 until 1962; T.L. Robertson, Director of Education; and Haydn Williams, Director of Technical Education.

Its nucleus comprised the tertiary programs of the Perth Technical College, which opened in 1900. The university's Bentley campus was selected in 1962, officially opened in 1966, and the first students enrolled in 1967. Haydn Williams was the first director of WAIT.

In 1969, three more institutions were merged with WAIT: the Kalgoorlie School of Mines (opened in 1902), the Muresk Agricultural College (opened in 1926), and the Schools of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy (in operation since the 1950s at Shenton Park). Between 1966 and 1976 WAIT experienced an expansion from 2,000 to 10,000 students.

In December 1986 WAIT was made a university, under provisions of the WA Institute of Technology Amendment Act 1986. Curtin University took its name from the former Prime Minister of Australia, John Curtin. In 1987, Curtin University of Technology became Western Australia's third university and Australia's first university of technology.

In 1993, Curtin founded a graduate business school in St Georges Terrace. It was moved to Murray Street in 2002, where it remains today. The school was developed on the foundation of Curtin's existing Master of Business Administration program.

In 2005, Curtin and Murdoch University were engaged in a feasibility study into the possibility of a merger. However, on 7 November 2005, both institutions announced that a merger would not be undertaken.

In 2008, Curtin opened a campus in Singapore, its second offshore presence. In 2009, Curtin became the first university in the Australian Technology Network to be listed on the Academic Ranking of World Universities of research universities.

In 2010, Curtin dropped the "of Technology" suffix, from then operating as "Curtin University".

Perth and regional WA
The main Curtin University campus is located in Bentley, Western Australia, about 6 km south-east of the Perth central business district. Curtin has multiple smaller off-site campuses within the Perth metropolitan area. The Graduate School of Business building is located in the Perth central business district in the renovated former Government Printing Office, and the law school is located on Murray Street in the old Public Health Department and Chief Secretary's building, a listed building on the State Register of Heritage Places. In 2016, Curtin entered into an agreement with the National Trust of Australia (WA) to use the restored Old Perth Boys' School at 139 St Georges Terrace for community and industry engagement. In 2018, Curtin University renovated the original Perth Technical College building at 137 St Georges Terrace to create meeting rooms, and learning spaces for professional development and postgraduate courses.

Exploration Geophysics and Petroleum Engineering are located at the co-location research facilities of the Australian Resources Research Centre (ARRC) which also houses offices of CSIRO Earth Science and Resource Engineering and National Measurement Institute. The ARRC is located in the Technology Park Bentley, adjacent to the main Bentley campus. Some university staff, researchers and students on practicum work in other locations such as the Oral Health Centre of WA (OHCWA) in Nedlands and at Royal Perth Hospital, amongst other organisations.

Curtin has two of its own bus stations, which is connected to the Transperth public transport network. The station is also linked to the Mandurah railway line's Canning Bridge Station by a shuttle bus service. The university also has its own internal bus network trialling autonomous buses on campus.

Curtin has campuses outside Perth, the largest being the Western Australian School of Mines at Kalgoorlie, and a number of micro-campuses in locations such as Esperance, Margaret River, and Geraldton. Nursing is the only course offered in Geraldton. The Muresk Institute at Northam left Curtin in 2012.

Dubai campus
In April 2017 Curtin University established its newest campus in Dubai at Dubai International Academic City. Australian Ambassador to the UAE HE Arthur Spyrou officially opened the campus on 10 September 2017. Curtin University Dubai courses use the same structure and unit curriculum as those offered at the Bentley campus. Curtin University Dubai is accredited by the Knowledge and Human Development Authority (KHDA). The academic qualifications granted by Curtin University is certified by KHDA and is recognised in the Emirate of Dubai by all public and private entities.

Malaysia campus
The campus in Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia is Curtin's largest international campus. Curtin's operations in Miri began in February 1999. In 2002, a purpose-built campus was opened as Curtin's first offshore campus and the first foreign university campus in East Malaysia. It has around 4,000 students from over 45 countries, and academics from more than 15 countries. Curtin Malaysia is the only approved CISCO Networking University in Miri and Brunei.

Singapore campus
Curtin University opened a Singapore-based campus on 23 November 2008. Curtin Singapore courses use the same structure and unit curriculum as those offered at the Bentley campus.

Mauritius campus
Curtin University opened its fourth international campus in Mauritius on 3 May 2018 on the campus of Charles Telfair Institute in Moka south of Port Louis.

Former Sydney campus (2005–2016)
Curtin University Sydney (Curtin Sydney) was established on 20 June 2005. The first campus was located in The Rocks area. It was later relocated to the suburb of Chippendale where it occupied the historical Berlei Building. The operation of Curtin Sydney was contracted out to private tertiary education provider Navitas Group. It offered diploma, undergraduate and postgraduate courses to international students. In 2014 Curtin Sydney was involved in a cash-for-results scandal where students since 2012 had paid MyMaster, a Sydney company, up to $1,000 each to write essays and assignments for them, as well as sit online tests. In 2015, Curtin announced the closure of Curtin Sydney from early 2017.

Faculties
From 2007, the university's teaching and research was divided into five faculties (previously known as divisions), which each include a number of schools. These schools were consolidated in 2020 during a period of staff cuts. These are:
 * Centre for Aboriginal Studies
 * Faculty of Business and Law
 * School of Accounting, Economics and Finance
 * School of Management and Marketing
 * Curtin Law School
 * Faculty of Health Sciences
 * Curtin Medical School
 * Curtin School of Allied Health
 * Curtin School of Nursing
 * Curtin School of Population Health
 * Faculty of Humanities
 * School of Design and the Built Environment
 * School of Media, Creative Arts and Social Inquiry
 * School of Education
 * Faculty of Science and Engineering
 * School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering
 * School of Earth and Planetary Sciences
 * School of Electrical Engineering, Computing and Mathematical Sciences
 * School of Molecular and Life Sciences
 * Western Australian School of Mines: Minerals and Energy Engineering

Libraries
The main library building is the TL Robertson Library, located on the Bentley campus. It opened in 1972. After the building was extended in the 1990s, the university began a major refurbishment in 2021, due for completion in 2023. Also located on the Bentley campus is the John Curtin Prime Ministerial Library, holding a large collection of papers relating to John Curtin as well as other special collections including the papers of political figures John Dawkins, Geoff Gallop, Hazel Hawke, and Carmen Lawrence, and Curtin academics Mike Daube (tobacco control) and Jules Black (sexology).

John Curtin Gallery
The John Curtin Gallery (JCG) is located on the Bentley campus, in building 200A. It has a focus on contemporary art, learning and research.

Hayman Theatre
The Hayman Theatre was established in 1973 as Hayman Hall, for the use of theatre arts students. The Hall's name derives from George Hayman, who played a major part in establishing WAIT in 1967. The theatre study company Theatreground as well as the Western Australian Theatre Company used the space. It was refurbished in 1977, creating the Theatre Upstairs above the main stage. After the Bentley Campus was expanded, in 2017 Hayman Theatre was relocated to Building 302.

Academic profile
The university is one of the partners in the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study, one of the largest cohorts of pregnancy, childhood, adolescence and early adulthood to be carried out anywhere in the world.

Rankings and reputation
Curtin University has achieved "Top 10 Australia University" status in 6 out of 10 major global rankings (ARWU, US News, CWUR, Leiden, RUR, URAP). Curtin is ranked 160th globally and 10th nationwide by U.S. News & World Report Best Global Universities Rankings in 2023. Curtin University is again ranked in the world's top one percent of universities and ninth in Australia based on the 2022 Academic Ranking of World Universities.

In addition, Curtin University has achieved its highest-ever result in the annual QS World University Rankings by rising to 174th globally in the 2025 edition. It was ranked 2nd in the world for Engineering – Mineral & Mining, and ranked 5th in Australia for Architecture in the 2022 QS World University Rankings by Subject.

Curtin's Creative Writing staff and alumni have won the Miles Franklin Award seven times.

Accommodation
Curtin University offers on campus accommodation at five separate precincts which are managed by UniLodge. These accommodation options include Kurrajong Village, Erica Underwood House, Guild House, Vickery House and St Catherine's College.

Student guild
The Curtin Student Guild is the student union at Curtin University. The guild was founded as the WAIT Student Guild in January 1969.

The guild provides student representation services through the provision of faculty, international, postgraduate and equity representatives and the professional support service Student Assist.

The guild operates most of the food and beverage outlets on campus, including Guild Cafés (Central, Engineering, Library), Angazi, Concept Coffee Co and Mallokup food outlets. Other commercial services include G-Mart, Curtin University's general store, printing, stationery and news outlet and The Tav.

The guild operates and funds all Curtin student clubs and societies. The guild also runs a number of events throughout the year, most notably the Toga Party held in semester one and the previous notable event Grasslands Music Festival held in semester two. The guild publishes Grok magazine.

The Student Guild is governed independently of the University by students through the Guild Council which consists of executive members: president, vice-presidents, secretary and councillors. All other representatives sit on the Representation Board. Student representatives are elected to their positions by students in annual elections held in September. Major Groups that contest elections include Illuminate consisting of broadly left-wing Independent students, Left Action aligned with Socialist Alternative, groups aligned with the Labor Right and Joke Ticket's from various political leanings. The Guild is currently operated by an Illuminate majority.

Basketball
As of 2023, Curtin University's basketball teams, the Carnabys, play in the University Basketball League (UBL).

Soccer
The men's team of the Curtin University Football Club is based on the main campus. The club currently (2023) competes in the Football West State League Division 2.

The Curtin University FC women's team were one of the inaugural teams in the National Premier Leagues WA Women competition (which commenced in 2020), and is a part of the National Premier Leagues Women's structure. The team was previously part of the Women State League Division 1 from (at least) 2012 to 2019.

Faculty and staff
Curtin's faculty includes prominent scholars such as environmental scientist Peter Newman, writer Kim Scott and isotope geochemist Kliti Grice.

Past prominent faculty members include the post-modernist Niall Lucy, writer Elizabeth Jolley and journalist Robert Duffield. The broadcaster Erica Underwood was the first woman to serve on the main council in 1974 when it was the council of the Western Australian Institute of Technology.

Alumni
Notable people who have attended Curtin University include:

Humanities

 * Mouza Sulaiman Mohamed Al-Wardi, museum curator, Director of the Collections Department at the National Museum (Oman)
 * James Angus, sculptor
 * Ain Bandial, Bruneian journalist and editor
 * Natalie Barr, news presenter on Seven Network's Sunrise
 * Carrie Bickmore, co-host of The Project (Australian TV program)
 * John Butler, musician
 * Michaelia Cash, Attorney-General of Australia, member of Australian Senate
 * Natalia Cooper, journalist for Nine News at the Nine Network Sydney
 * Priya Cooper, Gold medal swimmer at the Sydney Paralympic Games
 * Judy Davis, Golden Globe and Emmy Award-winning actress
 * Jessica De Gouw, actor
 * Shane Dikolli, accountant
 * Jon Doust, comedian, writer, novelist and professional speaker
 * Elissa Down, film director
 * Valerie Glover, artist
 * Claire Hooper, comedian
 * Kenneth Maxwell, educationist
 * Hannah McGlade, academic, human rights advocate and lawyer
 * Judith Lucy, comedian
 * Kate Mulvany OAM, actor and playwright
 * Frances O'Connor, actor
 * David McComb, lead singer of The Triffids, songwriter and poet
 * Sheila McHale, former Cabinet minister in the Government of Western Australia
 * Ljiljanna Ravlich, former Cabinet minister in the Government of Western Australia
 * Kate Raynes-Goldie, game designer and social media scholar
 * Tracy Ryan, poet
 * Philip Salom, poet
 * Elaine Smith, actor
 * Ben Templesmith, illustrator & author of 30 Days of Night
 * Tim Winton, author
 * Siti Rozaimeriyanty, architect and politician
 * Romaizah Mohd Salleh, Bruneian Minister of Education

Other faculties

 * Aboriginal Studies
 * Joan Winch, nurse and educator
 * Business and Law
 * Rozaina Adam, member of Parliament in Maldives
 * Cody Fern, actor
 * Samantha Hall, entrepreneur, environmental and Antarctic researcher
 * Brad Hogg, cricketer
 * Dean Israelite, film director
 * Health Sciences
 * John Worsfold, coach of the Essendon Football Club and ex-coach of the West Coast Eagles
 * Science and Engineering
 * Jim Geelen, professor
 * Samantha Hall, entrepreneur, environmental and Antarctic researcher
 * Andrew Long, geophysicist
 * Zaneta Mascarenhas, engineer and Labor member for Swan

 * Arts and media
 * Nguyễn Phương Khánh, Miss Earth 2018
 * Samita Nandy, Canadian sociologist

Controversies
Curtin has become active in research and partnerships overseas, particularly in mainland China, and has received funding from major Chinese companies such as Tencent. It is involved in a number of business, management, and research projects, particularly in supercomputing, where the university participates in a tri-continental array with nodes in Perth, Beijing, and Edinburgh. The Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao visited the Woodside-funded hydrocarbon research facility during his visit to Australia in 2005. Funding from major Chinese companies connected to the state have led to concerns that Curtin University has limited academic freedom on certain topics.

In 2020, a roof at Curtin University collapsed, killing a 23-year-old construction worker after he fell more than 20 m, and leaving two other construction workers injured.

title: Curtin University


text:
User talk:Dysprosia/Archive (5)

Old talk in archive: User talk:Dysprosia/Archive -- User talk:Dysprosia/Archive (2) -- User talk:Dysprosia/Archive (3) -- User talk:Dysprosia/Archive (4) (most recent)

I will not be here from the 23rd of December to the 26th of January.

That was some fast editing on that article of mine. Thanks for the pointers :) hif

Thanks for pointing me to the style manual. I actually take issue with the points about quotation marks. The point is not that we should use curly quotes because they look nicer. The point is that &rsquo;, etc. have a different meaning. A left quotation mark indicates the beginning of a quotation —the plain old ASCII ' character is so ambiguous as to make it wrong to use. Even the Unicode spec says so. See http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr8/ (4.6 Apostrophe Semantics Errata).

— Alexander

Thanks for obviously needed the edit on Playgirl - Davodd 00:57, Dec 1, 2003 (UTC)

Hi, thanks, this is my pleasure to have massage from you. Keep smiling. Regards karkikailash -- Hi! Would you like to protect the last edit by Morwen of the Silesia article, as User:cc continues to revert to his version, although we have a consensus agreed by all other users, both Germans and Poles? -- Nico 01:42, 18 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * Okay, done.... Dysprosia 01:49, 18 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Could you please insert a note that the content of the Silesia article is disputed - Nico's edits are very controversial. Thank you. CC, 06:03, 18 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Nico's edit are the consensus version, written by Szopen and Nico, and accepted by all other contributors, even the Polish, in the discussion except User:cc. "Very controversial"? - Nico 06:21, 18 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Please don't get me too involved in this. You and cc go discuss your issues on the talk page, and when you both have a consensual agreement that the article is not disputed the header can be removed. Otherwise I don't feel comfortable being piggy in the middle of this... Dysprosia 06:23, 18 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Hello, Dysprosia. When deleting images, make sure to click the del link next to the image, NOT the Delete this page link at the bottom. The former deletes both the image and its description page. The latter only deletes the description page, but leaves the image on the server. See for example Image:Lightning-Protector-US1266175.png. I've gone ahead an deleted the actual images that were left behind. --Minesweeper 03:14, Nov 18, 2003 (UTC)

Ohh, so sorry about that. Yes I was wondering why there was still a link to the things and such. Thanks for letting me know :) Dysprosia 04:31, 18 Nov 2003 (UTC)

No problem. :) --Minesweeper 06:42, Nov 19, 2003 (UTC)

Thank you for the wikification of the Tianjin article; woulda done it myself but I was stumped as to where to start! --Merovingian 13:03, Dec 9, 2003 (UTC)~

nonsense
Hi Dysprosia.

Could you move the deleted NONSENSE page to Wikipedia bad jokes and other nonsense, I found it rather amusing. Thanks, SableSynthesis 06:17, 20 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * Ok, sure. Dysprosia 06:18, 20 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * Thank you, SableSynthesis 07:53, 23 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Hi Dysprosia, it looks like you helped handling the, erm, theory that the linearly-challenged 211.28.xxx.xxx anons keep adding everywhere. I would just like to say thank you and it would be nice if you kept an eye open. Cheers, Kosebamse 14:18, 24 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * ;) Sure, no problem. I've been a bit busy these last few days but now I should have some more time to...these sorts of matters... Dysprosia 14:25, 24 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Thanks. And by the way, I have a theory that time is actually green with pink dots, not colourless as professors say... erhm... Kosebamse 15:21, 24 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Hi Dysprosia, Should the list of 4gls be moved to Categorical_list_of_programming_languages? What do you think? --davidzuccaro 04:13, 26 Nov 2003 (UTC)
 * Hmm... Perhaps, but the other generations of languages should be classified first so the 4gls don't look out of place. Dysprosia 04:30, 26 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Thanks amigo. To be honest this looks like donkey-work to me that could be scripted. I mean: if there is a style rule which says something as straightforward as "bold the first occurrence of text XYZ where subject title is XYZ" then that shouldn't be done by humans like me and you, it should be automated. But I take your point in the meantime. If we can precisely define the style rules, then we have some chance to automate them. T0ky0 05:27, 28 Nov 2003 (UTC)
 * Yeah, I know. But there are some tricky cases some software would need to handle... for example if we have something like Orange and the first line says Oranges are fruit... and otherwise. Anyway, thanks :) Dysprosia 05:29, 28 Nov 2003 (UTC)

I do not know C, so I just keep writing "In C++" Lirath Q. Pynnor
 * That's okay :) I hope you don't mind me clarifying... Dysprosia 00:28, 1 Dec 2003 (UTC)
 * Not in the least. Lirath Q. Pynnor

In regards to my pathetic stub on the Skunk Ape, it was better than nothing. Yes, it was poorly written, but it does smell. Would you prefer I say that it has an unpleasent odor? :)Iamthecheese 23:04, Dec 2, 2003 (UTC)

 * Yes. That would have been an appropriate wording. The edit is yours, my friend. :) Dysprosia 23:05, 2 Dec 2003 (UTC)

You must be following me. I was about to ask Zanimum the same question about Musketeer. :) Angela

 * I thought I'd chip off a few from Most wanted stubs when I saw it pop up in Recent Changes :) Dysprosia 01:24, 3 Dec 2003 (UTC)

I don't think it's necessary to create a century article just to mention what years are in that century. Do you? Dysprosia 05:09, 4 Dec 2003 (UTC) :

I think it is necessary, because some students might need to know. Though of course we will all be dead by the next century, it's still important.

I've replied on your talk page. Dysprosia 05:18, 4 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Ok, thanks for letting me know. So, always make sure I have a extra comment. Maybe it may help for me to make account also. How do you even know that I added it?

 * Have a look at Special:Recentchanges :) You may want to discuss what major events may happen in the 29th century or something.
 * You can make a new account by clicking here.
 * Thanks Dysprosia 05:27, 4 Dec 2003 (UTC)

What's about moving that exciting news to Republic of China? In article Taiwan, it says:  This article is about the geographical island of Taiwan. -- YACHT 14:45, Dec 4, 2003 (UTC)

 * k, done. By the way that whole RoC/Taiwan thing was confusing :) Dysprosia 14:52, 4 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * Wow, In my opinion, Taiwan==ROC. BTW, there is also an article Homosexuality in China about that. ;) -- YACHT 15:11, Dec 4, 2003 (UTC)

 * Well, I'm totally out of the loop with the whole Taiwan/China thing :) Dysprosia 15:13, 4 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * Don't worry, someone's keeping watching them (not me) . :) -- YACHT 15:19, Dec 4, 2003 (UTC)

Hi, I like what you've done with Once in a Lifetime. Maybe I was too hasty in blanking it, but I guess I have this idea that if I'm going to be an admin (which now seems possible, if not likely) I should keep an eye on all the anonymous edits in recent changes to show that I'm able to stay on top of things, and I'm feeling more than a little stressed out about that now. Maybe it wasn't the best idea. -- Pakaran 07:16, 5 Dec 2003 (UTC)
 * That was a very borderline case in my opinion. Sometimes you can salvage a bit of info from an odd edit and piece it with some stuff from What Links Here and you can end up with a decent stub, but don't feel to bad about blanking :) You know even if you do get admin you can restore del'd pages Dysprosia 07:23, 5 Dec 2003 (UTC)~
 * Good point, thanks. -- Pakaran 07:24, 5 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Yeah no problem. I didn't think to re-add the notice as I actually deleted the page and recreated it. Thanks for making the page into something sensible. Angela. 04:15, 6 Dec 2003 (UTC)

"Encyclopedic"
Hi Dysprosia and Muriel,

Thanks for your encouragement and patience with me.

Perhaps I am in for a bit of a paradigm shift here.

Bear in mind that before I came to Wikimedia last night and logged in for the first time, I had put a lot of thought into what my team's encyclopedia would be.

For those that might be reading this without a context, let me refer you to a project I am founding called PureEnergySystems. It is an open sourcing of technology related to alternative energy, and would include an encyclopedia to reflect the latest and best thinking on any topic related to alternative energy (specifically free energy).

What I had in mind for my own encyclopedia was to be both comprehensive and concise.

All entries would be stored for retrieval, but the editorial process would present the main contents in a clean fashion, and with preference.

That way, discards of info someone thought to be irrelevant or wrong, which were in fact very relevant and very right, would still be accessible to the diligent searcher needing just the right clue to take his/her next step in their research and development.

My encyclopedia idea was built with the idea of fostering the advancement of technology while also reporting on its advancements.

Mine wasn't a free-for-all (anyone able to make changes instantaneously), but would be an editor-screened submission process.

All submissions would go into a pool for retrieval by anyone, but only the editor-approved submissions would become a part of the featured listing.

After working with Wikipedia for a day, I can see advantages to allowing anyone to do just about anything by way of submission and review. I can also see disadvantages. I'm guessing that overall it is a better model.

Is there any way I could have audience with the founder of Wikipedia and discuss together some of the basic concepts and tactics?

 * I doubt that the editing model of the Wikipedia will change in the way that you describe here, unless there was considerable groundswell. Perhaps you need to start your own project. You seem to have a lot of initiative which is commendable, so you might want to seriously look into that.
 * If you're looking for the "founder" (don't know if this is what you mean), but User:Jimbo Wales is the Benevolent Dictator for the Wikipedia. Seek his user page and leave him a message if you so desire.

I don't see any appeal process built into Wikipedia. There should be a "hold" before delete. There should be an appeal allowed when someone is blocked from editing a page (e.g. I cannot edit the fire extinguisher page)

 * Precisely for what the Votes for deletion page is. You get five days holding. See Deletion policy.
 * As to fire extinguisher - if you have a problem with reversions and so on, you should bring it up on the talk page or with the editor in question.

It seems the idea of top notch conciseness and quality could be paired with the idea of comprehensiveness.

Why not have the encyclopedia list every person alive on the planet? Are we not all equal in God's sight?

 * Because that's not what an encyclopedia is for - it logs historical events and people and ideas. To be all koanesque - if an idea forms in someones mind, and there is no one there to hear it - is it an important idea? Anyway, logging everyone there is and was is just not technically feasible.

What makes Monica Lewinsky "better" than me? In my opinion, my listing is of value and benefit to mankind. She played her role in our nations country, and it deserves an entry; and so have I, and so do I.

No, I've not been published; but not because my work is not of value. Rather, because it is so far-reaching, most won't touch it.

I have a quote on my website: "He who is one step ahead is a genius.  He who is two steps ahead is a crack pot." There is a lot of "rough around the edges" when you are a pioneer out in front breaking new ground.

Call me an egomaniac, but I have lived more than a dozen years as an activist for causes in which I believe; and though I might get the Media's attention, I am making a big difference.

Who was Monica Lewinsky before she was noticed? Monica Lewinsky.

Who was she afterward? Monica Lewinsky -- but with some fame upon which she could ride, illicit as it was.

Who is to judge what person deserves and entry and who does not?

 * Entry into the Wikipedia? The Wikipedia community. Cf the What Wikipedia is not link above: Wikipedia will report about your work once it becomes part of accepted human knowledge.

Think of the great artists and composers who died in poverty and broken hearted, only to have their music or art become classics beloved by the world.

They were not hardly worth a footnote in their day -- or so those around them thought.

 * They are great because they were great. If you believe you can change the world and be great - you should do so - and if you are as great as they are, the Wikipedia will acknowledge you. Perhaps not now - perhaps you are "not hardly worth a footnote" in your day, but perhaps this may change.
 * The key point now is, unfortunately, for now, the Wikipedia cannot recognize you. What have we to go on? What kind of resources do we have to acknowledge you? For the Wikipedia to be an academically respected work, we work in the manner of academia. Predominantly, we acknowledge the well-known great work of others before our times. We acknowledge the peer-reviewed great work of others in our time today. We cannot acknowledge your work since it is relatively unknown, and it is not peer-reviewed.
 * Do not take this all as discouragement. All I have tried to do here is let you realise the concepts and process underlying the inclusion of content in the Wikipedia. I am sure you have much to contribute to the Wikipedia, and I hope that the manner of your contributions will be more acceptable to the Wikipedia community. Newton said that he got where he was because he stood on the shoulders of giants - if you are truly great then you too stand on the sholders of the giants and you are well acquainted of them. I think this is an excellent place to start your contributions :)

I should probably get to bed. I only had three hours of sleep last night I was so excited to get up in the morning and explore the power of Wikipedia.

I guess the question I ask at this point is, ''Will Wikipedia consider a change of focus -- if only for the Free Energy portion of its site -- complete with disclaimer if it prefers -- and allow a combination of comprehensiveness and conciseness? Or do I need to start looking at maybe discussing the use of your source code so we can save some time in the creation of our own system?''

 * I doubt it. You can create your own system sure. The Wikipedia software is free software. You can download the system yourself: Here's the SF page.

Let me mention that I know of several free energy technologies that are about to break out (they have working models but are preparing a more refined edition for release to the world), and the reason I created www.pureenergysystems.com was to provide a home for an open sourcing site; and along with that came the idea of the encyclopedia and academy and library and PAC, etc. When those break out, it will change the way the world looks at energy. No longer will it be scarcity. It will be abundance.

By the way, where do I go to edit my personal profile for review?

 * I'm not sure what you mean. Dysprosia 10:47, 6 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Sterling Sterlingda 10:21, 6 Dec 2003 (UTC) - Dysprosia - the Chaos Computer Club (CCC) is not a stub, it's a redundant article, as Chaos Computer Club already exists. What's the procedure for correcting this? - Isomorphic 11:49, 6 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * Merge nonredundant information to the correct article and redirect the old to the newer. If the older just duplicates the newer you can generally just redirect the older to the newer without merging. Done so with the above - thanks for pointing itout :) Dysprosia 11:56, 6 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * No problem. Thanks for doing the correction.  I'll go look at what you did, for future reference.  Isomorphic 12:01, 6 Dec 2003 (UTC)

How was 195.92.168.177 able to post after you had banned him? RickK 03:05, 7 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * Timing. I blocked *.177 at 3:03 WST and that person posted at 3:01. I thought I'd give this person one last chance to saddle-up-and-fly-right but after that comment I decided it's best that they be blocked. Any further *.17x edits popping up I'm going to block today also. Haven't got time for nasty mess. Dysprosia 03:07, 7 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * Thankyou, and I don't mean to interfere with admnistrative issues, but isn't it reasonable to institute some sort of more permanent ban, considering the nature of what he did? After all, should a logged in user do the same thing they would most probably recieve a permanent ban, and I don't see any reason why there should be any difference in the response. I do truly thank you for your prompt response. His comment deeply offended me. As I said on the vandalism page, I can tolerate many things and insults, however I am understandably sensitive when someone makes an attack based on a disability.Leumi 03:13, 7 Dec 2003 (UTC)
 * Unfortunately it doesn't work like that. All anonymous IP blocks expire after 24 hours, even if the vandalism they performed was light or heavy. Even for known vandals (such as Michael who occasionally use anon IPs this is the case). I am sorry to hear that the user offended you and do not worry that if this person continues to vandalize articles they will be repeatedly blocked.

 * Anon IP blocks expire like this to give the user a chance to reform their activities and principly to allow legit users on a shared IP to use the Wikipedia normally. Dysprosia 03:19, 7 Dec 2003 (UTC)
 * Ah. I understand. Well, hopefully the issue won't occur again. Thankyou for taking action so quickly. Leumi 03:20, 7 Dec 2003 (UTC)
 * No problem :) Dysprosia 03:22, 7 Dec 2003 (UTC)

¡Sorry!

Formating is not my forte.

?alabio 04:15, 7 Dec 2003 (UTC)

My bad, I never stumbled across that rule. I figured it was a newbie markup mistake. Thanks --Pakaran 05:14, 7 Dec 2003 (UTC)
 * No problem. I don't think it's quite a rule, per se, but a general unspoken guideline, it seems :) Dysprosia 05:16, 7 Dec 2003 (UTC)

--

Thanks for your answers Sterlingda 07:42, 8 Dec 2003 (UTC)

--

Oh- I get it now. My bad. Is Pascal's Triangle any better? Mit2b 07:57, 8 Dec 2003 (UTC)~

Much better, but there's already an article at Pascals triangle. Don't worry, I'll merge the two. Dysprosia 08:00, 8 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Are you confused? Did you miss what just went on there? -- Tim Starling 08:44, Dec 8, 2003 (UTC)

 * Text communication tends to be ambiguous without smileys :) Subtle humour is very difficult. How about ;) ? -- Tim Starling 08:52, Dec 8, 2003 (UTC)

 * I think that's a good idea, as stuff seems so funny to me when I think of it Dysprosia 08:55, 8 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Thanks for editing my Blanche Bruce article. Im new to wikipedia and can use all the help i can get. Greenmountainboy 03:44, 9 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Hi Dysprosia, thanks for editing my Basingstoke edit :-) Like the user above, I'm new so help is always welcome. Just a quick note that the underscores in the link were the previous editor's (though I didn't spot them myself!) - my underscore was buried in a non-text link ... is there any style guide on these or doesn't it matter? On another point, I want to add my location to the wiki-user list - do I just edit the page containing the list or should I be doing it another way? Thanks. Spellbinder 5:20, 9 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * No problem. Sorry bout that, thought it was your edit :) And, yes indeed there's the style guide at Manual of Style.
 * Of course you can add your location/name/etc at the wiki-user list! That's what it's all about :)
 * Thanks, Dysprosia 05:24, 9 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the quick reply; I feel part of the community already :-)
 * Spellbinder 5:35, 9 Dec 2003 (UTC)

It was indeed me - note I claimed the edit right below. I was testing that proxyweb showed as that IP number. -- Pakaran 05:53, 9 Dec 2003 (UTC)
 * I thought you were the one doing the vandalism! :) Dysprosia 05:54, 9 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * No, I have a life :) was getting ready to ban the addy. Pakaran 05:55, 9 Dec 2003 (UTC)

I have an idea how to perma-block that proxyweb IP, but I probably need to unblock it first. OK with you? - Hephaestos 06:20, 9 Dec 2003 (UTC)
 * Go ahead, though I don't like the idea of perma-blocking. Dysprosia 06:24, 9 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Big indeed! Thanks for catching my format goofs. Aside: Reading through all this must be a bother. Sorry -- am trying to be consistent with the Metaweb entries, One amusing thing about Playgirl is one editor and I had similar snail mail names and addresses. In 1977 -- I got the mockup for the lifesize nude Peter Lupus bedsheets delivered to my home. Intimidating. Sparky 08:32, 9 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Hi Dysprosia,

See vote to delete page Dec. 8 > Free Energy Project.

I've added a neutral comment you made on my talk page as a neutral comment following Angela's pro comment.

Presently the vote is 6:4

What would be your vote? I'm curious.

Sterlingda 08:57, 9 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Thank you for welcoming me. Greenmountainboy

I never checked my talk and started, so I am here to say sorry, you can add me when it comes out, but it is still coming out, that's what matters! Jack Zhang

Thanks for the note on 'links' vs 'link'. I sit corrected :) Salsa Shark 21:09, 10 Dec 2003 (UTC)

-

Hello Dysprosia

thanks for your input...I didn't know about wikibooks. I'll put the entry in there (can regular wiki entries point to wikibook pages?)

Robinh 22:41, 11 Dec 2003 (UTC)
 * Make sure you link it in properly. There's already some prelim content there. Wiki entries can link to wikibooks pages, sure. Dysprosia 22:44, 11 Dec 2003 (UTC)

dvorak keyboard
hi Dysprosia,

on the dvorak keyboard page, i think there are these issues:

 * certain application that has key commands based on the qwerty arrangement will be screwed on the dvorak arrangement. For example, vi's "jkl;" for cursor movement will no longer be under the home row of right hand, or that 'w' 'a' 's' 'd' for games will no longer forms a inverted T on the left hand side. (For vi, this present no problem. For vi, the cursors movement is on the 'cvpj' location of the qwerty keyboard. Possibly less conveient, but one gets used to. (vi shouldn't hard code things in the first place. I use vi fine, though i'm mostly emacs user (in emacs, you can define your own keymap or command combos in anyway you like. But i use default fine.)))

 * when switching to dvorak, the combination key shortcuts will have to be relearned separately from the touch typing. (for this reason, there exist mac keymappings that comes with mac os that types qwerty when modifier keys are down.)

in your edit of the article, the first point is not clearly stated, and last info is lost.

this website http://www.mwbrooks.com/dvorak/variations.html the second on "command and controls" has a good explanation. (when i switched about 1993, i had the same experience. But eventually switched to full dvorak.) Xah P0lyglut 08:05, 2003 Dec 12 (UTC)

 * I don't quite understand: the issue as I see it is that is not that one can get used to newer layouts, it is that for a QWERTY user wanting to switch to Dv will take longer to get the same level of proficiency under QWERTY. I can add the bit about changing mappings (under vi it's not exactly hardcoded, either) if you like? If my edit's unclear, how can I fix it? Dysprosia 08:17, 12 Dec 2003 (UTC)

For the dovrak, i'm thinking that there are two things that may surprise a potential switcher: 1) the pressing of key-combination or key-shortcuts needs to be learned separately from touch-type dvorak. 2) on some apps, a rearrangement of keyboard may disrupt certain positional advantages of the keys presses that surves as commands. (e.g. vi's 'jkl;' or the inverted T of 'wasd' in games.)

how do reset the cursor keys in vi? Perhaps vim? as far as i know, the cursor kesy are hard compiled in vi.

thanks for the encarta note and edit.

 * In vi, you can use :map. I'm not sure if all vi clones support it though. You can set up an .exrc file to fix it. I haven't seriously tested it, though.
 * Re the dvorak, I did mention that in my edit, but I'll write something about the games. Dysprosia 04:29, 13 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * thanks for the vi note. For the games, it often override OS keymaps anyway. Xah P0lyglut 05:11, 2003 Dec 13 (UTC)

hi Dys, is there a way to rename images? just upload single-handed dvorak, but got the name wrong. thanks. Xah P0lyglut 05:56, 2003 Dec 13 (UTC)

 * Not obviously, but I can delete the image for you and you can upload it again. Would you like me to do that? Dysprosia 06:08, 13 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * thanks. Xah

 * thanks for cleaning up after me :-) Mike 08:01, 2003 Dec 14 (UTC)

 * Thanks for your help with Snowflake Paladin 11:40, 14 Dec 2003 (GMT)

Um...the "Big Blue Machine" that I meant on the Recent Changes page was the Ontario Conservative party political machine that ran the province until 1985...not a hockey team. Vancouverguy 03:56, 15 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Don't look at me, I didn't fill the stub :) You want me to back-disambig it? Dysprosia 03:57, 15 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Feel free :)...the only reason I put this on your talk page was because the person who created the stub probably doesn't know about the political meaning of the term. Vancouverguy 04:00, 15 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Wikilinks (and wikitext) in MediaWiki: pages work on a case by case basis. It depends on whether the source calls the addWikiText or the addHTML function. Unfortunately this is not documented, so you'll have to go with trial by error.—Eloquence 07:28, Dec 15, 2003 (UTC)

 * Thanks! Very interesting :) Dysprosia 07:41, 15 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Please take a look at Jafa
Could you please take a look at Jafa, and especially note it's original entry. I suspect you may have a better idea what to do than I (I'm your typical stay-at-home US American), but I'm fairly certain it's not appropriate as it is. Thanks.
 * -Anthropos 15:47, 15 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * Fixed up. No problems :) Dysprosia 22:37, 15 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Eastern Freshwater Cod
done the links and taxotable on the above... and added a whole lot more cod that aren't cod to the cod page, if you see what I mean, and if you were hoping to get that lot tidied up... seglea 07:59, 18 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * Looks like you done a good job, no need :) Dysprosia 09:03, 18 Dec 2003 (UTC)

crimen
Thanks for the pretty formatting of the crimen article (which I just created)!

 * No problem :) Thanks for creating it! Dysprosia 09:52, 18 Dec 2003 (UTC)

Opentask
Can I convince you transclude MediaWiki:Opentask -

in your welcome messages or should I not even bother trying?—Eloquence

 * Yes, you can convince me. And you have :) Dysprosia 11:20, 18 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * Great! I hope eventually this gets so much exposure that it becomes a challenge for everyone to try their hands on completing the tasks of the day.—Eloquence

Thanks for the welcome
Stanly Phanly from Manly says thanks for the welcome. just love the concept of Wiki's. Told my son about Wikipedia but he already knew becasue he had been looking up info Black Flag, a band. Phanly

"The edits you are making to the Feminism article are not adhering to our Neutral point of view policy, and are likely to be removed.

Please try and write criticism that adheres to the NPOV policy."
 * On the contrary, my edits adhere fully to the NPOV policy - whereas the article as it was was completely uncritical and almost celebratory

Thanks for moving US poetry. Thats what I get for coming back here before my flu-ridden fever fully cleared up. Bmills 09:29, 22 Dec 2003 (UTC)
 * *grin* No problem :) Dysprosia 09:59, 22 Dec 2003 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dysprosia/Archive (5)


text:
Rhodochrosite

Rhodochrosite is a manganese carbonate mineral with chemical composition MnCO3. In its pure form (rare), it is typically a rose-red colour, but it can also be shades of pink to pale brown. It streaks white, and its Mohs hardness varies between 3.5 and 4.5. Its specific gravity is between 3.45 and 3.6. The crystal system of rhodochrosite is trigonal, with a structure and cleavage in the carbonate rhombohedral system. The carbonate ions are arranged in a triangular planar configuration, and the manganese ions (Mn2+) are surrounded by six oxygen ions in an octahedral arrangement. The MnO6 octahedra and CO3 triangles are linked together to form a three-dimensional structure. Crystal twinning is often present. It can be confused with the manganese silicate rhodonite, but is distinctly softer. Rhodochrosite is formed by the oxidation of manganese ore, and is found in South Africa, China, and the Americas. It is one of the national symbols of Argentina.

Rhodochrosite forms a complete solid solution series with iron carbonate (siderite). Calcium (as well as magnesium and zinc, to a limited extent) frequently substitutes for manganese in the structure, leading to lighter shades of red and pink, depending on the degree of substitution. This is the reason for the pink color of rhodochrosite.

Occurrence and discovery
Rhodochrosite occurs as a hydrothermal vein mineral along with other manganese minerals in low temperature ore deposits as in the silver mines of Romania where it was first found. Banded rhodochrosite is mined in Capillitas, Argentina.

It was first described in 1813 in reference to a sample from Cavnic, Maramureş, present-day Romania. The name is derived from the combination of Greek words ροδόν (rodon, meaning rose) and χρωσις (chrosis, meaning coloring).

Use
Rhodochrosite is mainly used as an ore of manganese, which is a key component of low-cost stainless steel formulations and certain aluminium alloys. Quality banded specimens are often used for decorative stones and jewellery. Due to its softness and perfect cleavage it is rarely found faceted in jewellery.

Manganese carbonate is extremely destructive to the amalgamation process historically used in the concentration of silver ores, and were often discarded on the mine dump.

Culture
Rhodochrosite is Argentina's "national gemstone". Colorado officially named rhodochrosite as its state mineral in 2002.

It is sometimes called "Rosa del Inca", "Inca Rose" or Rosinca.

title: Rhodochrosite


text:
Muresk Institute

Muresk Institute is an educational, training, research, conference and function facility based in Northam, situated approximately 90 km east of Perth, in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia. Until 1985 it was known as Muresk Agricultural College.

The College, situated on 898 ha of research and farming land, was established in 1926 by the Western Australian Government and incorporated into the Western Australian Institute of Technology (WAIT) in 1969. The college was managed by WAIT and later Curtin University of Technology from 1969 until 2012, when responsibility for Muresk's operation was transferred from Curtin to the State Government. The Department of Training and Workforce Development established the Muresk Institute as a multi-tenanted, multi-functional facility for training, higher education, research, professional development and learning extension.

Muresk Institute offers a wide range of nationally accredited courses, as well as workshops and professional development, hand-picked from leading training providers and industry experts across the country. Training delivered on site includes the Diploma of Agribusiness Management, Diploma of Agriculture and other industry-driven short courses. Curtin University offers an Associate Degree in Agribusiness at Muresk and at the Geraldton Universities Centre, with the intensive laboratory elements delivered at Muresk.

Muresk Institute is home to Western Australia’s first demonstration SMART Farm which uses cloud-based technology, sensors and global positioning systems to provide farmers with data to make highly informed choices and improve efficiency.

Muresk Institute is also a highly equipped conference and accommodation venue suitable for corporate and community events.

title: Muresk Institute


text:
Władysław II the Exile

Władysław II the Exile (Władysław II Wygnaniec; 1105 – 30 May 1159) was the high duke of Poland and duke of Silesia from 1138 until his expulsion in 1146. He is the progenitor of the Silesian Piasts.

Governor of Silesia
He was the eldest son of Duke Bolesław III Wrymouth, sole ruler of Poland since 1107, by his first wife Zbyslava, a daughter of Sviatopolk II of Kiev. As Władysław was the firstborn son, his father decided to involve him actively in the government of the country. Some historians believe that Bolesław III gave Władysław the district of Silesia before his own death, in order to create an hereditary fief for his eldest descendants.

Around 1125 Władysław married Agnes of Babenberg, daughter of Margrave Leopold III of Austria; this union gave him a close connection with the Holy Roman Empire and the Kingdom of Germany: Agnes by her mother was a granddaughter of Emperor Henry IV and a half-sister of the Franconian duke Conrad III of Hohenstaufen, the later King of Germany. Thanks to Władysław, Silesia was saved during the wars of 1133–1135 with Bohemia: he stopped the destruction of the major areas of his district after the Bohemian forces crossed the Oder river.

In 1137, during the whitsun meeting with Duke Soběslav I of Bohemia at Niemcza (other sources mention Kłodzko), in which several disputed matters were decided, Władysław stood as godfather in the baptism of the youngest son of Soběslav, the future Duke Wenceslaus II.

High Duke of Poland
Duke Bolesław III died on 28 October 1138. In his will, he sought to maintain the unity under the Polish crown of the conquered neighbouring lands as well as prevent inheritance conflicts among his sons. He therefore determined a kind of mitigated primogeniture principle: as the oldest son, the supreme authority in the country was assigned to Władysław with the title of a High Duke (Princeps). In addition to Silesia, he received the central Seniorate Province, stretching from Lesser Poland at Kraków to eastern Greater Poland and western Kuyavia, as well as the authority over the Pomerelian lands at Gdańsk on the Baltic Sea. His younger half-brothers Bolesław IV the Curly and Mieszko III received the eastern Duchy of Masovia (composed of Masovia with eastern Kuyavia) and the western Duchy of Greater Poland (the remaining parts of Greater Poland with Lubusz Land) respectively, each as hereditary fiefs.

Upon the death of Bolesław's widow Salomea of Berg, Władysław would also receive her dower at Łęczyca (Łęczyca Land and Sieradz Land), which had to revert to the Seniorate. On the other hand, he was obliged to provide his youngest half-brother Henry with the lands of Sandomierz when he would come of age (though only for life). The district however was not separated from the Seniorate until 1146. The youngest of his half-brothers, the later High Duke Casimir II the Just was not assigned any province; it is speculated that he was born after Bolesław III's death.

At the time of the death of his father, Władysław was already an adult, with many years of marriage and at least one surviving son, Bolesław I the Tall, born in 1127 (the date of birth of the second son, Mieszko IV Tanglefoot, is still debatable and varies between 1130 and 1146). Following the examples of his predecessors Bolesław I Chrobry in 992, Mieszko II Lambert in 1032, and his own father in 1106, the High Duke almost immediately tried to restore the unity of the country. Given his life experience and military leadership, it was generally expected that in the end, he would be successful.

First conflicts with junior dukes
The disputes of Władysław with his stepmother Salomea and his half-brothers began openly in 1141, when the Dowager Duchess, without the knowledge and consent of the High Duke, commenced to divide her Łęczyca province between her sons. Also, she tried to resolve the marriage of her youngest daughter Agnes and thus to find a suitable ally for her sons. The most appropriate candidate for a son-in-law had to be one of the sons of the Grand Prince Vsevolod II of Kiev. After hearing the news about the events in Łęczyca, Władysław decided to make a quick response, as a result of which the Grand Prince of Kiev not only broke all his pacts with the Junior Dukes, but also arranged the betrothal of his daughter Zvenislava to Władysław's eldest son Bolesław. The wedding took place one year later, in 1142.

His ties with the Kievan Rus' benefited him during 1142-1143, when Władysław decided to fight against the districts of his brothers. Władysław's victory was beyond dispute, being backed by his alliances with the Rus', Bohemia and the Holy Roman Empire.

Włostowic affair
During Wladyslaw's reign, the Silesian voivode (count palatine) Piotr Włostowic had the greatest and most decisive impact. A firm follower of Duke Bolesław III, he had soon acquired enormous political significance in the country, covering the most important court offices. In his prerogative as voivode he had the right to appoint officials in local authorities across Poland, including in the areas of the Junior Dukes, which made him the person from whose decisions was determined the fate of the state. In view of the conflict between her sons and Władysław looming ahead, Bolesław's wife Salomea of Berg intrigued against him, whereafter Włostowic had to resign and was replaced by one of her minions. When Władysław succeeded his father, he reinstated the voivode, however the increased power of Włostowic fostered deep negative relations, especially with his wife Agnes of Babenberg, who - not without reason - considered him a traitor.

On 27 July 1144 Salomea of Berg, Duke Bolesław's widow and Włostowic's bitter enemy, died. As in accordance with the Duke's will, her province of Łęczyca had to revert to the Senoriate Province of Władysław, the voivode, in agreement with the Junior Dukes, planned a coup d'état in order to take the contested district, perhaps as emolument for the younger Henry. Again in this case, Władysław appealed for aid to his Kievan allies. Without waiting the arrival of food he sent his troops against the forces of Bolesław IV the Curly and Mieszko III; unexpectedly, Władysław suffered a defeat. It wasn't until the arrival of the Kievans that the fate of the battle and the war turned to Władysław's side. Immediately, a favourable peace treaty was made, which permitted the High Duke to take full control over Łęczyca; however, he had to give to the Kievan cohorts, in exchange for their aid, the Polish castle at Wizna.

In the meanwhile, the tensions between Władysław and Piotr Włostowic worsened. The position of the Count Palatine in the civil war was clearly against the High Duke. This attitude clearly did not correspond with Wladyslaw's concept of autocracy, and after this episode he thought about the total removal of his brothers from their lands. By 1145 however, it seemed that a reconciliation between the High Duke and Włostowic was possible, as evidenced by the invitation to Władysław by the voivode on the occasion of Włostowic's son wedding. At the beginning of the following year the High Duke, however, decided to bet everything on one gamble: eliminate Włostowic from his life for good. He ordered one of his knights, Dobek, to capture him. Dobek arrived at Włostowic's court at Ołbin (in present-day Wrocław), and during the night captured the voivode with his men. High Duchess Agnes demanded Włostowic's death, but Władysław decided instead to make an example out of him: he was blinded, mutilated and sentenced to exile.

Włostowic was respected and had many friends, and his fate caused many nobles to switch their allegiance to the Junior Dukes. Furthermore, the blinded Włostowic fled to the Kievan Rus', which had so far supported Władysław, and convinced them to break their alliance.

Deposition
At the beginning of 1146 Władysław decided to make the final attack on his rivaling half-brothers. Initially, it seemed that victory of the High Duke was only a matter of time, since he managed to take Masovia without obstacles and forced Duke Bolesław IV the Curly to withdraw to the defense of his brother Mieszko III at Poznań in Greater Poland. There, unexpectedly, began Władysław's disaster. The reason for this was the insecurity of his other districts, where mighty rebellions erupted against Władysław's dictatorial politics. The rebels quickly grew in power thanks to the support of Archbishop Jakub ze Żnina of Gniezno, who excommunicated the High Duke – as a punishment for the fate of the voivode Włostowic – resulting in an additional series of rebellions. The defeat at the end was thanks not only to the combined forces of Duke Bołeslaw IV at Poznan with the troops of the other Junior Dukes, but also by Władysław's own subjects, which was a total surprise to him. The High Duke was forced to flee abroad; shortly afterwards his wife Agnes and children joined him, after their unsuccessful attempts to defend Kraków.

The Junior Dukes had a complete success, and Władysław was now under the mercy of his neighbours. Initially, he and his family stayed in the court of his namesake and brother-in-law Duke Vladislaus II of Bohemia at Prague Castle. The title of a High Duke was assumed by Bołeslaw IV. Władysław never returned to Poland.

Exile
Soon after his arrival in Bohemia, his brother-in-law King Conrad III of Germany offered him his hospitality. Władysław shortly after moved to Germany and paid tribute to King Conrad and asked for assistance in regaining the throne. As King Conrad had also been able to reinstate Vladislaus of Bohemia shortly before, it initially appeared that Władysław would regain power over Poland very soon. The expedition against the Junior Dukes was launched in 1146, but due to flooding of the Oder river and the pressure on the German king by the margraves Albert the Bear and Conrad of Meissen, who showed no interest in an armed conflict at the German eastern border, the campaign finally failed.

Władysław of course did not lose hope of changing his fate, but for now he had to accept the postponement of his return, particularly when Conrad III started the Second Crusade with King Louis VII of France to the Holy Land the next year. During this time, the former High Duke administrated the Kaiserpfalz at Altenburg and its dependencies in the Imperial Pleissnerland. Without waiting for German aid, Władysław and his wife Agnes went to the Roman Curia and asked Pope Eugene III for help, but this attempt was also unsuccessful.

Death and legacy
In 1152 King Conrad III died and was succeeded by his nephew Frederick Barbarossa. With this, the hopes of Władysław of returning to Poland were reborn. Following the inducements of Władysław and Frederick's aunt Agnes of Babenberg, the Holy Roman Emperor launched a new expedition to Greater Poland in 1157. The campaign was a success, but unexpectedly Frederick Barbarossa did not restore Władysław to the Polish throne, after Bolesław IV apprehended at Krzyszkowo had to declare himself a vassal to the Emperor and was compelled to pay tribute to him. In compensation, the Emperor forced Bolesław IV to promise the restitution of Silesia to Władysław's sons Bolesław the Tall and Mieszko IV Tanglefoot.

At this time, it appears, Władysław knew that his battle for supremacy in Poland was finally lost. He remained in exile at Altenburg, where he died two years later. It was not until 1163 that Bolesław IV finally granted the Silesian province to Władysław's sons.

Apart from the question of an actual enfeoffment of Władysław's sons by the emperor, a disruption between them and their Piast cousins had occurred. In the following centuries, Silesia was divided into as many as 17 separate duchies among their descendants and successors, who from the early 14th century onwards gradually became vassals of the Imperial Kingdom of Bohemia. By the 1335 Treaty of Trentschin the Polish king Casimir III the Great renounced all claims to the Silesian lands, which remained under the rule of the Silesian Piasts until the male line of the dynasty finally became extinct with the death of Duke George William of Legnica in 1675.

Marriage and children
In 1125 Władysław married Agnes of Babenberg (b. ca. 1108/1113 – d. at Altenburg, 24 January 1160/63), daughter of Margrave Saint Leopold III of Austria and Agnes of Germany, who in turn was a daughter of Emperor Henry IV. She was also the half-sister of King Conrad III of Germany.

They had:
 * 1) Bolesław I the Tall (b. 1127 – d. 8 December 1201)
 * 2) Mieszko I Tanglefoot (b. ca. 1130 – 16 May 1211)
 * 3) Richeza (b. 1140 – d. 16 June 1185), married firstly in 1152 to Alfonso VII, King of Galicia, Castile and León, secondly in 1162 to Ramon Berenguer II, Count of Provence and thirdly by 1167 to Count Albert III of Everstein.
 * 4) Konrad Spindleshanks (b. 1146/57 – d. 17 January 1190).
 * 5) Albert (d. young, ca. 1168).

title: Władysław II the Exile


text:
Cassin's finch

Cassin's finch (Haemorhous cassinii) is a bird in the finch family, Fringillidae. This species and the other "American rosefinches" are placed in the genus Haemorhous.

Description
Measurements:

 * Length: 6.3 in (16 cm)
 * Weight: 0.8-1.2 oz (24-34 g)
 * Wingspan: 9.8-10.6 in (25-27 cm)

Adults have a short forked brown tail and brown wings. They have a longer bill than the purple finch. Adult males are raspberry red on the head, breast, back and rump; their back and undertail are streaked. Adult females have light brown upperparts and light underparts with brown streaks throughout; their facial markings are less distinct than those of the female purple finch.

Their breeding habitat is coniferous forest in mountains of western North America as far south as northern New Mexico and Arizona; also Southern California near Baja California. They nest in large conifers. They move to lower elevations in winter.

Northernmost breeding birds migrate south, as do some birds throughout the range of the species; many birds are permanent residents, however. Some non-breeding birds winter as far south as central interior Mexico.

These birds forage in trees, sometimes in ground vegetation. They mainly eat seeds, buds and berries, some insects. When not nesting, they often feed in small flocks.

This bird was named after John Cassin, who was a curator at the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences.

title: Cassin's finch


text:
Worshipful Company of Bakers

The Worshipful Company of Bakers is one of the livery companies of the City of London. The Bakers' Guild is known to have existed in the twelfth century. From the Corporation of London, the Guild received the power to enforce regulations for baking, known as the Assize of Bread and Ale. The violations included selling short-weight bread and the addition of sand instead of flour. The Bread Assize remained in force until 1863, when Parliament repealed it.

In the 14th century, the Guild was divided into the Brown-Bakers' Guild and the White-Bakers' Guild. The Brown-Bakers were bakers of nutritious bread, while the White-Bakers were bakers of the less nutritious but more popular bread. The White Bakers were incorporated by a Royal Charter of 1509, while the Brown Bakers were incorporated in 1621. The White and Brown Bakers united into one Company in 1645. The new Company acquired a new Charter in 1686, under which it still operates. Bakers Hall in Harp Lane, Billingsgate, has been the site of the Guildhall of the bakers since 1506. It contains a courtroom where trade-related misdemeanours could be tried.

There are many such associated trades guilds, such as the Incorporation of Bakers, one of the fourteen Incorporated Trades of Glasgow, who meet in their Robert Adam designed Trades Hall. In the medieval town of Orvieto, bakers were one of the thirty-one organized crafts. Now largely ceremonial and charitable, these crafts and guilds formerly fulfilled the role of regulation much of which is now covered by local government.

The Bakers' Company ranks nineteenth in the order of precedence of livery companies. The company's motto is Praise God For All.

title: Worshipful Company of Bakers


text:
Talk:KornShell

Standards compliance

 * >>>Ksh aim to respect the Shell Language Standard (POSIX 1003.2 "Shell and Utilities Language Committee").<<<

This sentence makes no sense. Shouldn't this be something like:

 * "Ksh's aim is to replace the Shell Language ..."

I am just commenting on the wording. I don't know the specifics of KSH's goals.

 * I think think wording in the article is correct. They want to be compatible with the standard POSIX shell, not replace it. --Merphant 05:51, 18 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Vendors shipping ksh93
"(as of 2005 only Solaris ships ksh88, all other Unix vendors migrated to ksh93 and even Linux distributions started shipping ksh93)"

is not entirely accurate: IBM still ships AIX with a modified ksh88 as /bin/ksh but has started shipping /bin/ksh93 for the same (starting at least @ version 5.2).

--Sonicbphuct 21:11, 12 December 2005 (UTC)

Actually this comment is not correct: IBM France confirmed that AIX ships with ksh93 as default - ksh88 is available as a compatibility package

The original comment isn't correct HP-UX from 10.20 (at least) onwards shipped with ksh88, dtksh (derivative of ksh93) and the default shell which was POSIX-sh - a derived ksh88, to fit with the POSIX standard; there's some minor differences (e.g. you can have several string manipulations in serial on a variable: ${a%.sh##*/} but it is generally backwardly compatible.

I just learned the hard way that my client's AIX environment does not use ksh93 by default, but only when invoked with /usr/bin/ksh93. See http://publib.boulder.ibm.com/infocenter/aix/v6r1/index.jsp?topic=/com.ibm.aix.baseadmn/doc/baseadmndita/korn_posix_cmds.htm —Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.240.125.226 (talk) 17:10, 10 March 2010 (UTC)

Book cover
The book cover is amusing (being signed by the band), but it's not terribly helpful here. Can anyone think of a reason that an article on the Korn shell NEEDS more than just an image of the logo? -Harmil 15:47, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

 * I concur. If I don't see any objections (other than it's humourous) here in the next couple of days I will remove it. Gh5046 20:25, 5 December 2006 (UTC)

I personally think the book cover is hilarious! I find it humorous enough to jusify its place on this page. After all, it is illustrating the manual cover, isn't it? :) -Jellocube27 21:20, 17 June 2006 (UTC)

I think it adds confusion. There's really no relation between the shell and the band. The shell predates the band by many years. And Wikipedia is not a comic book, there's no need to be amusing. It's meant to be informative. --82.141.48.198 18:47, 11 October 2006 (UTC)

Why would someone destroy a perfectly good book? --Peepokeet 23:55, 7 November 2006 (UTC)

what about mksh?
Maybe it should be mentioned as well. 84.191.226.162 (talk) 02:17, 20 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Sure, go for it. Gh5046 (talk) 02:51, 20 March 2008 (UTC)
 * I corrected the license terms. mksh, according to mirbsd.org, does not appear to use MirOS's own license, but rather the Modified BSD License and the ISC License. --Evice (talk) 07:26, 28 July 2014 (UTC)

why did you remove...
Why did you remove the external link to the most widely refererenced korn shell script repository on the internet? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 12.171.225.24 (talk) 21:33, 21 January 2009 (UTC)

 * To those still interested in the answer: because such a link is irrelevant. A clever mind can easily get why and wouldn′t ask the question in the first place. Others, you will content yourselves with the following hint: we don′t put links to software repositories in the “Software” article, we don′t put links to Git/SVN repositories in the “Source code” article, and so on. I hope you manage to grasp the recurring idea in all these instances. 213.131.238.28 (talk) 14:29, 16 March 2012 (UTC)

The name must be changed
The name of a product is exactly how the manufacturer of that product spells it, up to the smallest quirk like a space or capital. The name of the product in question, i.e. ksh and ksh93 standard UNIX programs, is KornShell. We should rename the article likewise. The current name of this article (“Korn shell”) is mangled: putting a space between “Korn” and “Shell” and de-capitalizing the latter is someone′s unjustified gag. I will create an account and rename the article myself. 213.131.238.28 (talk) 14:44, 16 March 2012 (UTC)

 * It's not unjustified. From WP:COMMONNAME, "Wikipedia does not necessarily use the subject's "official" name as an article title; it prefers to use the name that is most frequently used to refer to the subject in English-language reliable sources."  Bolsky and Korn referred to it as the "KornShell" in "The KornShell Command and Programming Language" (1989).  But Kochan and Wood called it the "Korn shell" in "UNIX Shell Programming" (1985), as did Rosenblatt in "Learning the Korn Shell" (1993).  "Korn shell" is also far more common on web, with about 751,000 results for "Korn shell" compared to just 399,000 for "KornShell".  Similarly, searches at Amazon.com for "Korn shell" turn up 56 results compared to just 20 for KornShell.  I think the change to "KornShell" should be reverted.  Msnicki (talk) 03:25, 18 March 2012 (UTC)
 * This sounds like a similar case of UNIX vs. Unix, because mksh is officially the MirBSD Korn Shell, with a space. --Evice (talk) 07:30, 28 July 2014 (UTC)

Korn shell or KornShell?
What should it be, Korn shell or KornShell? The article uses both. --Mortense (talk) 23:45, 23 March 2016 (UTC)

KornShell & POSIX, wording
In the Design section, the article states that "KornShell complies with POSIX.2"

thus giving the impression that the KornShell was written to be POSIX-compliant, which is misleading as it was actually written way earlier than the standard and that "The functionality of the original KornShell, ksh88, was used as a basis for the standard POSIX.2"

- History section

Tinm (talk) 19:05, 4 May 2016 (UTC)

ksh93v
Given this:

ksh93v-64 --version version        sh (AT&T Research) 93v- 2014-12-24

and the fact that there is close to no activity since David started to work for Google, I tend call ksh93v- very stable. Schily (talk) 13:11, 17 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Has it anything official? Debian/sid still has 93u. Vincent Lefèvre (talk) 15:01, 17 January 2017 (UTC)
 * It is the latest version that could be loaded from the AT&T server before it stopped working. I could not find it in the GITlab repo, but someone told me that it is contained in a branch that needs to be specified explicitly. Schily (talk) 16:08, 17 January 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:KornShell


text:
Premier of Quebec

The premier of Quebec (premier ministre du Québec (masculine) or première ministre du Québec (feminine)) is the head of government of the Canadian province of Quebec. The current premier of Quebec is François Legault of the Coalition Avenir Québec, sworn in on October 18, 2018, following that year's election.

Selection and qualifications
The premier of Quebec is appointed as president of the Executive Council by the lieutenant governor of Quebec, the viceregal representative of the King in Right of Quebec. The premier is most usually the head of the party winning the most seats in the National Assembly of Quebec and is normally a sitting member of the National Assembly. An exception to this rule occurs when the winning party's leader fails to win a riding. In that case, the premier would have to attain a seat by winning a by-election. This has happened, for example, to Robert Bourassa in 1985.

The role of the premier of Quebec is to set the legislative priorities on the opening speech of the National Assembly. The premier represents the leading party and must have the confidence of the assembly, as expressed by votes on budgets and other matters considered as confidence votes.

The term "premier" is used in English, while French employs "premier ministre", which translates directly to "prime minister". In at least one instance, the term "prime minister of the Province of Quebec" was used in an English-language advertisement. The term is also used for the Podium Ceremony of the annual Formula One Grand Prix du Canada in Montreal.

title: Premier of Quebec