text:
Talk:Middle name

Multiple middle names
I have reinserted the sentence on database problems with multiple middle names being sometimes regarded as discriminatory. This sentence was earlier removed by Seibzehn with no reasons given (the fact that it was mislabeled as a minor edit suggests that it may have been unintentional), but I believe it is sufficiently NPOV ("has been criticized"), and it does describe the real experiences of some people with multiple middle names. Vremya 08:51, 4 January 2006 (UTC)

I would support keeping the sentence on discrimination, if it can be supported with evidence. As someone with three forenames who is known by the second of them, I think 'discriminatory' is a fair comment (though 'unimaginative' might be an equally accurate description of how such on-line forms and databases are designed). But I would like to see a citation of some place where this shortcoming *has* actually been criticized; I don't know any myself. Graham Shipley (talk) 21:18, 5 December 2011 (UTC)

Asian Culture
The "Asian culture" section is misleading:
 * Asian Culture: Middle name goes last, so it looks like: Last First Middle. Generally, if an Asian immigrates to the United States, they anglicize their first and middle names (combined), and then add a middle name. For example: Elaine L. Chao: what the L. stands for is unknown, but Elaine is the anglicization of her combined first and middle names.

See Chinese name for details. Furthermore "L" is typically not unknown but the transliteration of the original First and Middle names and thus the anglicized name has 2 middle names. Samw 04:44, 16 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * Yeah, I know, but I was really considering Korean names... as that is how they usually are. And anyway, Elaine Chao's name does fit that explanation... you can change it, though, if you want. ugen64 16:56, Nov 16, 2003 (UTC)

I moved the following here and replaced it with real examples and more explanations:

 * but Elaine is the anglicization of her combined first and middle names (perhaps a transliteration of a combination like Eu-Lang, or perhaps an arbitrarily chosen English name to replace some other combination, such as Mei-Ching).

--Menchi 06:29, 20 Nov 2003 (UTC)

- Removed "The tradition of middle names may have started with the rulers of Rome, e.g., "Gaius Julius Caesar." because Julius was not a middle name. Julius was Caesar's gens, the family name. Gaius was his proper name and Caesar the cognomen of his Julius branch. See roman naming convention. Muriel 08:09, 21 Nov 2003 (UTC)

- I wonder if it is appropriate to say "Usually the first characters of Chinese and Korean given names are considered middle names". For Chinese given names, the two characters together should be as a single name. The concept of "first name" and "middle name" doesn't really apply to Chinese names. It would be really strange if you refer to "Wong Shan Leung" as "Wong Leung" by dropping the "middle" name. Gcc hk 16:57, 5 March 2006 (UTC)

- "Asian culture" What "Asian culture"? Asian is NOT a race, but geographic term! Here in the Philippines, in Southeast Asia a lot of our names are done Spanish and English style, because Philippines was colonized by Spain and later the United States. Malaysians and Indonesians use the Arabic style incorporating Malay names in there because Ethnic Malays are Muslims. Same with the small population of Muslim Filipinos in Mindanao, they use the Arabic-Malay naming system. PacificWarrior101 (talk) 14:21, 29 January 2012 (UTC)PacificWarrior101

List of people??
Does Wikipedia have any article on people who are known by their middle name?? Georgia guy 20:25, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Middle name or Middle Initial?
Is it more popular in the USA to use just your middle initial on passports, driver license, ID's? or use the FULL middle name? I rarely see the middle name used on forms or ID's?

 * It generally depends on the length of the middle name, and if that person likes it enough to use it. For example, if the full name will not fit on a driver license or passport, they will use the middle initial only. There is no legal naming convention in the U.S., so different agencies are permitted to handle this in any way they see fit, although in the future their may be standards across all federal and state agencies. See Real ID Act. 71.100.160.189 18:13, 14 June 2007 (UTC)

The Greek Middle Name System
I would like to see the Greek middle name system here also. In Greek, I know that the male's middle name is a patronymic: let's say that the father of Konstantinos Papadopoulos is called Pantelis, the full name of Konstantinos would be Konstantinos Panteli Papadopoulos (or Konstantinos Papadopoulos tou Panteli).

What happens with females? Do they also take their father's name (thus Konstantinos Papadopoulos's sister would be Maria Panteli Papadopoulou/Maria Papadopoulou tou Panteli)?

Once I know the information about the females I will edit this article.

Leon. xcvb

The woman take their father's name also so it would be Maria Papadopoulou tou Panteli, it is rarely ever written with the father's name before the family name it is almost always written as "tou...." —Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.202.6.184 (talk) 19:28, 2 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Patronymic names are not middle names, they are patronym in use in the Netherlands, Island, Norway and many other countries. The US is too young country to know the time for the use of last names or family names. Carsrac (talk) 16:52, 3 October 2017 (UTC)

Catholic middle names
The section on "Catholic" middle names seems to relate more to certain local European culture considerations than the wider Church; to the best of my knowledge there is no Church teaching/view on such names (please advise me if I'm wrong). The section should reflect this. Cheers, --Daveb 07:49, 27 October 2005 (UTC)

FYI: In France, Marie is not a middle name in the name Jean-Marie! Jean-Marie is a name composed of two words, but it is a complete name. You would say Jean-Marie when calling somebody named Jean-Marie and not Jean!

Marie or Maria is in German law the only female name allowed also for men. As, by law, the name must reflect the gender, Maria is only allowed as middle name when the other names clearly show whether the holder is male or female. Ipwaz2003 09:07, 15 September 2006 (UTC)

It's not necessary to take a new name when a Catholic undergoes Confirmation. In fact, it's just an option. Though it certainly was something common to do three or four decades ago. What it is really common among Catholic and traditional families is to give a child two names and to use both, instead of keeping in a second place one like the middle name system does. In that way you can find boys named José Tomás who 'keep themselves' and respond to the name in a whole and not much to José or Tomás.

Harvardiana
"Despite their relatively long existence in the Western world, the phrase "middle name" was not recorded until 1835 in "Harvardiana", a school song of Harvard." Hmm just created Harvardiana no sign of "middle name" in it! Rich  Farmbrough 16:12, 28 November 2005 (UTC)

 * It's a magazine as well.... Rich  Farmbrough 16:30, 28 November 2005 (UTC)

The whole concept
I have a big problem with this page. It seems to be predicated on on a false assumption that we have a first name and a surname, and that if we want any extra ones they have to go in between those. This leads to the POV that people who are 'known by their middle name' are somehow going against the natural order of things. In reality, plenty of people (me, for instance) have their 'extra' names placed before their main 'first name' (or even either side of it). My full name is Roy Grant Cribb, but I don't think of Grant as my 'middle name' - it's just my name. If someone asks me my first name, I say Grant. The reason it's Roy Grant rather than Grant Roy, is simply that my parents thought it sounded better that way round. From my point of view, 'central' and 'precursory' names make more sense than 'first' and 'middle', because 'middle names' only apply to people who are 'known by their precursory name'. The NPOV terms should be 'main forename' and 'supplementary forename'. Then it becomes apparent just how ridiculous it is to have a list of people known by middle name. If we had a list of people known by supplementary forename it would be empty, because, by definition, no one is. The only reason the 'middle name' list exists at all is that most of the schizonyms (people whose main forename and surname are separated) just don't realize how many of us juxtonyms there are. Roughly one in three twentieth-century British prime ministers, for instance, had supplementary forenames before their main forename.

What to do about it? I'd recommend scrapping this page and transferring any useful information to Given name. I'd also scrap the 'middle name' list; if it were complete it would contain the names of a large proportion of all the famous people who had ever lived.

The Font 12:58, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

Afterthought: No, better not scrap it. But restrict it to discussion of middle names in naming systems where these have particular significance - or lack of significance. In the common Western convention, the only difference between a 'first' forename and a second, third or fourth is that the most popular position for the main one is at the beginning. The opening paragraph should explain this, and link to Given name for a fuller treatment.

Grant 16:33, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

Initial only on Security Documents?
I don't think the statement that "In United States, the middle name is rarely used on official documents. The middle initial is used instead on most identity documents, passports, driver licenses, social security cards, and university diplomas" is totally accurate. This may be a relatively new convention, but I have my full middle name on all those documents (issued between 1998 and this Tuesday).

The US passport has spaces for "Surname" and "Given names". The SSA's latest application for a new Social Security card (dated May 06) specifically asks for the "Full Middle Name" on page 5. I know some states require only the middle initial whereas others require the full middle name for a driver's license. I think most universities ask you what name you want listed on your diploma; I know mine did. I'm not sure what's meant by identity documents, but if it's not listed on your birth certificate and/or Social Security card, it would seem that it's legally not your middle name. Any input before I edit this statement? JordeeBec 22:58, 19 May 2006 (UTC)

 * It varies, depending on how long your full name is and what you prefer to use. All of those documents use my full middle name, but if I had, say, a very long name like Michaelangelo followed by multiple middle names such as Jonathan Matthew Michael and then a long surname such as Stephens-Cardenas, it would be easier for them to simply put "Michaelangelo J. Stephens-Cardenas" on my driver license or social security card. There are no legal requirements for naming conventions in the U.S. 71.100.160.189 18:19, 14 June 2007 (UTC)

Near East
I would like to know about Russian, Baltic, and Central European naming practices. I know they are not the same as in western countries.

 * It is my understanding that for Russians, the middle name is an altered form of the father's first name, so a girl whose father is Mikhail has a middle Mikhailovna. This seems to equate to Johnson, or Richardson meaning Son of John, or Richard. etc... although in the above example it would clear mean Daughter of Michael.  I do not have references for this.  Dachande 16:52, 12 October 2007 (UTC)
 * During the Russian occupation, the Latvians were forced to use the Slavic pattern of first name, patronimic, last name. Since then using the middle place has become somewhat popular. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 159.148.162.210 (talk) 16:29, 7 September 2008 (UTC)

No Middle Name
"It is also possible for a person to have no middle name, although in modern Western culture this would be the exception rather than the norm." I don't think this is true. In Scandinavia, for instance, it's very common to not have a middle name.

 * In Italy too. --necronudist 08:40, 24 March 2007 (UTC)
 * South Slavs (excluding Bulgarians, I'm not too sure about them) typically don't have middle names. The last names take the form of the East Slavic patronymic name. Thus, nearly every Serb's last name ends in 'ić'. -Marko 3/4/08
 * I believe the fallacy commited in the statement above is the following equasion: North-American culture = modern Western culture. TomorrowTime (talk) 09:35, 29 January 2009 (UTC)
 * I absolutely agree with TomorrowTime's remark! Even the term "middle name" reflects a culture-determined view on name preference. Here in the Netherlands, but also in Germany and other countries, many people have more than one – often up to four or more – given names. Most, but not all, of them use the first name as their actual "called name". The other given names are usually abbreviated to one letter (sometimes two or three). If people don't mind to be called by their first name by people they never met, they may write their preferred given name ("called name", not necessarily the first one) in full. Personally, I am one of those who prefer not to be called by their first name by just anybody. So I do not disclose my first name in public, but only to people I am familiar with. Yes, there are indeed more cultures in the world than only the North-Amercan one!
 * I would suggest (but I am afraid that this will not be read widely enough...) that the Anglosaxon world replace the term "first name" by a new one, e.g. called name (or preferred name). This needs not be the actual first name, but the one the bearer prefers to be called by.
 * --HHahn (Talk)  15:15, 27 August 2009 (UTC)

Is Johann Sebastian Bach a good example?
Johann Sebastian Bach has two Vornamen (first names) and a family name (Bach). And Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart? Family name is Mozart, and his "full Christian name" (when baptized) was Joannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart. This makes 4 Vornamen (first names). Others had even more. For J. Chr. Wolfgangus Th. Mozart, the name Wolfgangus is in the middle. But is it a middle name?

In Germany/Austria, the expression 'Middle name' was not in use and makes no sense for a number of given names. 'Middle name' makes me think of the family name of the mother. --Haigst-Mann (talk) 12:21, 8 November 2012 (UTC)

 * middle name: second of two given names, eg Bernhard in George Bernhard Shaw.
 * from: Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, ISBN 0-19-431136-8. --W like wiki (talk) 20:24, 8 November 2012 (UTC)
 * The box still in the article showing Johann Sebastian Bach as an example and the explanations given there for Bach's name is definitely false. German names do not follow the concept of given name - middle name - last name. Johann is not the given name of Johann Sebastian Bach and Sebastian is not his middle name. Please take a name within the range of validity of that concept, not a person outside of it. --Pp.paul.4 (talk) 23:23, 22 December 2013 (UTC)

The same as german example happen with the two first names in latinamerica. Not necesarly are composed name, neither a middle name. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 167.61.26.94 (talk) 15:59, 5 November 2019 (UTC)

Dispute
I think the entire article is written from the U.S. point of view. There are some attempts to make this clear, such as the "In the United States" in the first paragraph of the introduction and the "In the United States" in the last paragraph of the section "Western", but there are still a number of statements that seem to be referring directly to U.S. naming conventions. For instance: "the increased use of computer databases that allow for only a single middle name or more commonly a middle initial in storing personal records" seems to be only referring to the U.S.; in continental Europe, most forms and databases do not ask for middle names.

The two posters under "No Middle Name" confirm that the naming practice in Scandinavia and Italy is vastly different. The same is true in other European countries, witnessed by the German wikipedia entry for middle name, where there is no distinction between various given names into "first" and "middle". Compare also the German entry for first name which explicitly states Im anglo-amerikanischen Raum sind Zwischennamen gebräuchlich, die auch Mittelnamen ("middle name") genannt werden und meistens mit dem Anfangsbuchstaben abgekürzt werden.

To summarize: The introduction and the section "Western" only describes the angloamerican naming practice, but this is not properly mentioned in the article. I suggest rewriting the introduction, renaming the section "Western" into "USA" or "Angloamerican", and possibly adding a section (or sections) on other Western European naming conventions and traditions.

 * As for the statement above about European databases and forms not asking for middle initials, I would say that (at least in the Netherlands) this is only true for simple systems. More "official" systems do allow for (and often even require) all names being supplied. This is espacially true for e.g. governmental offices, insurance companies, banks, emplyee's databases, etc. --HHahn (Talk)  15:25, 27 August 2009 (UTC)

No No No, Mr Hahn, Ameerican and British usage are different, and should not be munged together in the way you suggest! However, I applaud your general sentiments! Richardhod (talk) 12:56, 12 June 2012 (UTC)

Earlier citations for "middle name"
Google Books turns up two uses of "middle name" before 1835: first, A General Abridgment and Digest of American Law p.787 of 1829 - "To omit the middle name, or part of the Christian name, is a misnomer". Second, The History of New England from 1630 to 1649 p.65 of the 1825 second edition - "But that middle name was derived from intermarriage of Adam, his great grandfather..." (note that the preface states that the book has been completely re-edited from the first edition of 1790). Warofdreams talk 03:22, 4 April 2008 (UTC)

Names that differ only by their middle name
I have known at least 2 people whose names differed from the father's only by their middle name/initial. In one case this happened for 2 consecutive generations. Of course, George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush are a particularly famous and peculiar example.

I'd like to know how common this is and how the distinction is made colloquially. In one of these cases, the father was called by his full first name and the son by his middle name. In another case, the son was known by his full first name and the father by his nickname.Bostoner (talk) 20:44, 20 March 2009 (UTC)

British Middle Names vs. Multiple Forenames vs. Double-Barrelled Surnames
While preparing a catalogue of recordings by predominantly British performers, I came across several instances of "middle names" that do not seem to be just additional or alternative forenames, simply because these names do not occur as forenames on their own. It seems that the British - at least in the early 20th century - treated these "true middle names" differently from simple extra given names. My question is how to treat these in terms of alphabetization (in simpler words "Where would these people be listed in a telephone directory?")

Some examples to (hopefully) clarify what I'm talking about:

 * Louise Kirkby Lunn - variously filed under "Kirkby" or "Lunn" in my sources
 * David Lloyd George - always listed under "Lloyd" AFAIK, why?
 * Herbert Beerbohm Tree - should he be with the "B"'s or with the "T"'s?
 * Helen Porter Mitchell - "P" or "M" ?

OTOH there's no doubt that

 * John William Myers is found under "M" and
 * Erich Maria Remarque under "R"

so there seem to be two different phenomena at work here, or am I completely on the wrong track?

Chris (chris@truesoundtransfers.de) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.73.85.191 (talk) 16:15, 29 March 2009 (UTC)

Sometimes they are middle names, as in Sir Henry Walford Davies, but they may not be middle names, but part of their last name (surname), but un-hyphenated double-barrelled names. Examples: David Lloyd George, Ralph Vaughan Williams are both good early C20th Welsh examples. These are It is therefore under the first of these names that you might alphebetise them, but I always found it difficult when finding the music for vw. Never just a middle initial in the UK, certainly. Richardhod (talk) 12:49, 12 June 2012 (UTC)

Sweden
The section on Sweden states: "Since Swedish-speakers nowadays only very rarely address one another with "Mr./Mrs. X", it is more or less a moot point if the correct term of address here is Mr. Svartholm Warg, Mr. Svartholm or Mr. Warg."

However, when referring to a person more formally, for instance in a written text (a book, a newspaper article etc.) one would normally use the family name, and rarely the given name alone. This example does not seem to be a typical one, and should perhaps be replaced. GVU (talk) 15:04, 28 May 2009 (UTC)

Brazil - Catholic Middle Names
"In Brazil, the middle name is usually the mother's maiden name." Are you sure about that? I am Brazilian, my middle name is "Henrique", which has nothing to do with anyone in my family at all. And I mean, I have yet to see someone here who was named after his mother's maiden name. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Faitudum (talk • contribs) 16:02, 1 June 2009 (UTC)

"In Brazil, the middle name is usually the mother's maiden name." In Brazil our naming system is different than in many countries. We do not consider the mother's family name as her sole maiden name nor as middle name but as part of the last name. So our family name is made of the mother's family name and father's family name. "Middle name" would be a second first name some people have such as Ana Maria or Pedro Henrique and even then we don't really call it "middle name" either. Futhermore, "maiden name" is a different concept here as women don't usually replace their names by their husband's like in some cultures, but some women add his name, although nowadays fewer women do so. Odnadraug (talk) 02:06, 6 July 2009 (UTC)

Evolving use of middle names in Russia
Been in Russia 6 years now and the wiki's suggestion that people tend to be quite formal is actually dying out among the younger generation (due to western influnces?). In my company people can and do address their management on first name only terms, and sometimes even with diminutives, even up to our company president. The older generation are indeed hopelessly formal and the middle generation seem to be slightly more relaxed, with the younger generation being quite informal. I can't find any articles referencing this, but something may exist in Russian regarding this trend. 94.25.18.66 (talk) 08:26, 23 April 2010 (UTC)
 * We get that in England too. It's the 'trendy' influence of American management culture. Personally  I'd prefer not to be called by my first name by everyone, especially people you've never met, and it is quite awkward (but the done thing) to contact people out of the blue, 'Hi Bob' or whatever.  Amusingly since I work for a multinational company with disfunctional database practices, I often get people from other countries using whichever name they think is my personal name, randomly, since different people on different email servers have different name ordering in the address book.  On one occasion for several months I was Bob in meetings and Smith in emails, and as far as I could work out they didn't know I was the same person :)    — Preceding unsigned comment added by 212.139.234.242 (talk) 18:22, 3 November 2012 (UTC)

On Middle name page, I have improved and put geographical Slavic countries in the "East Slavic names" section. PacificWarrior101 (talk) 14:14, 29 January 2012 (UTC)PacificWarrior101

Page needs help
I haven't edited on Wikipedia in a long time, so sorry if I don't format my comment correctly or something, but I just came to read this article and it doesn't seem to be in very good shape and I felt I should mention it. It's missing references, a lot of it is opinion, most of the Spanish section isn't even about middle names but surnames.... Hopefully some good editors can get to this. Shannernanner  04:07, 9 July 2012 (UTC)

Error in: German speaking countries
"If one of the forenames happens to be unisex (e.g. Robin or Toni)"

Both names are no examples because in German Robin is a male forename and Toni only a nick name for male Anton and female Antonia. I delete them. 93.231.181.28 (talk) 23:39, 12 February 2014 (UTC)

History?
How about some history about the origins of the custom? Both middle and last names are a relatively novel invention, and while I know why one name was not enough, a third one seems a bit redundant. 213.109.230.96 (talk) 03:25, 16 November 2014 (UTC)

 * British surnames were almost entirely fixed before the Tudor period, over 500 years ago. The British / US American practice of bestowing multiple forenames first appears in royalty and the upper nobility at the end of the C16th, slowly filtering down through the peerage in the C17th and the emergent middle class in the C18th. There was frequently an intent to honour relatives, ancestors or benefactors by including actual names or allusions within the multiple Christian names. Until WW2, there was still a trend in the UK for the number of given names to correlate with social standing. Since then, such distinctions have dwindled and excessively long (over four) multiple names have been bestowed for comedic or publicity reasons. The Queen's four children are Charles Philip Arthur George (from a previous King, his father, both an uncle and a mythical King, his grandfather), Anne Elizabeth Alice Louise (from a previous Queen, her mother, an aunt, another aunt), Andrew Albert Christian Edward (from personal choice, an uncle, personal choice, another uncle) and Edward Antony Richard Louis (from an uncle, personal choice, a previous King, another uncle). Astronomy Explained (talk) 13:40, 27 July 2017 (UTC)
 * Also, the Queen's father was named Albert Frederick Arthur George and usually known as Albert or Bertie, but took George as his regal name to emphasise continuity with his father George V after the turbulence of the abdication. Prince Charles could avoid any perceived negative historical regal connotations of his current name by choosing to be crowned as George VII (or even King Arthur). Astronomy Explained (talk) 13:50, 27 July 2017 (UTC)

'Multiple middle names' are being referred to as forenames & an editor is being too U.S.-centric with descriptions.
Someone keeps editing in that additional forenames can constitute a middle name. This is common sense and not needed to be explained. A middle name describes itself literally, as a middle name defines a name in-between ones forename and surname (even if it is an additional forename, it's still in-between these name parts). Also, I don't believe a middle name should be explained in the context of other countries in the opening description, as it already is in the main body.

Another thing: As described in this subject title, someone keeps editing descriptions, clarifying that the U.S. is different to other countries in terms of middle names. This is redundant and shouldn't be described. AychAych (talk) 02:24, 21 June 2015 (UTC)

_____________________________________

 * wrote
 * A middle name describes itself literally, as a middle name defines a name in-between ones forename and surname (even if it is an additional forename, it's still in-between these name parts).
 * It's not that simple or obvious. A middle name is not just a name (defined in terms of word-spaces) that is in the middle, any more than a hot dog is an overheated canine, i.e., a dog that is hot.
 * "Mary Anne" is a fairly common female first name. A woman so named generally does not think of herself as "Mary", but as "Mary Anne", and that's what she's called by those who know her. Mary Anne Smith does not consider "Anne" to be her middle name, nor an "additional forename", but part of her given name, which happens to be spelled as two words. In some regions, including the American South, such two-part forenames are common for men as well, as in the song "Ode to Billy Joe". Similar names are found in other traditions as well:
 * Other names, however, are considered a unit, and often used together. Examples are José Luis and Juan Carlos. People with those names will tend to use both names together, rather than only the first name José or Juan. (Middle name)
 * In contrast, I have a middle name, in the usual sense of the term as well as the literal definition that you are trying to apply, but no one has addressed me as [FIRSTNAME] [MIDDLENAME] since I was a small child, and even then it was an endearment rather than an ordinary calling name. --Thnidu (talk) 17:11, 30 July 2015 (UTC)

_____________________________________

It seems like this is complete speculation on your part (I'm going to ignore your "hot dog" analogy, as it's a non-argument and not applicable here). Could you please provide any citations in any bit of your edits? So far, you seem to be editorializing and writing things that are personal. You have to prove what you write, this isn't a blog. Millions of people use this site, and thousands have read this page. Incorrect material is inexcusable. Provide sources and verifiable information or don't edit this page at all.

Plus, most of what you write is completely redundant and seem to go over the same point at every paragraph, at every section. This is absolutely unneeded. Please read other articles to see how you should format a wikipedia entry. You can explain how names are in other countries under their correct section, NOT in the main summary.

Plus, I hope you've gotten this far in this response, because, "but no one has addressed me as [FIRSTNAME] [MIDDLENAME", is a very regional thing. Addressing others in English-speaking countries with their middle name is uncommon (and I expect as much in other regions, too). It's usually first, or first and last. If you want to make this point, RESEARCH what is common in your own country, and RESEARCH what is used in others extensively.

Also, don't remove my edit in which I replaced the words "first name" with "forename", as this is the correct term, especially when using "surname".

Again, I can't stress this enough, if you can't provide sources/citations/verifiable information to back up your claims, don't edit this page whatsoever. AychAych (talk) 19:44, 30 July 2015 (UTC)

 * Sorry.
 * I thought that some of this was obvious— obviously I was wrong in that assumption— and that I had adequately rebutted your equation of with  ("A middle name describes itself literally")— which, clearly, did not get through to you. Please read  and.
 * Please don't tell me how to format an article. First, this is a talk page, not an article, and second, I've been using Wikipedia about ten times as long as you have.
 * Since you insist on citations, I will research these and get back to the article. Either that, or I will ask the Wikipedian community, in an appropriate way, to decide whether you are insisting on documenting common knowledge. Who knows, maybe you're right.
 * Please me to discuss. --Thnidu (talk) 06:20, 3 August 2015 (UTC)

Welsh
I have deleted the section "Welsh", which was 02:34, 8 January 2016, by anonymous user Special:Contributions/188.223.181.167 with the edit comment (Welsh 'Ap' as middle name). It is both irrelevant and plagiarized, and almost certainly copyvio.

Ap means 'son of' and is no more a name, let alone a middle name, than Irish mac or Hebrew ben or Arabic ibn, all equivalent.
 * Irrelevant

The entire section is plagiarized. Shortly after it was added I noticed a "[2]" and with the memo   ''Removed "[2]". Is this new section plagiarized, with that from a footnote link?'' Just now I ran a Google search for a distinctive string from it,
 * Plagiarized
 * "names such as Llewelyn ap Dafydd ab Ieuan ap Griffith ap Meredith were not uncommon"

(with quotation marks) and found nine matches. The top one was this section; a couple of others cited it; one site requires registration; and others apparently don't contain the string at all.

But
 * 1) The text used in the section appears, complete, in Irishabroad.com in the post by "mckai" dated "11 Jan 10 16:42:47". There it has four footnote tags ([1], [2]), indicating that it was copied from some other text, but there is no attribution.
 * 2) The first two paragraphs are also quoted in Rootschat forum, dated "Monday 21 June 10 22:27 BST (UK)", also with footnote tags and no attribution.

Since these posts predate the section by over five years, they clearly were not quoting it— let alone the evidence of the three footnote tags that the IP editor evidently noticed and deleted. --Thnidu (talk) 05:05, 12 January 2016 (UTC)

Nepal
Section South Asia begins
 * In Nepal, the first initial is frequently a family name assigned to every member of a particular family, and is usually in addition to the last name. It is carried by every member of the paternal family. For example, Ram Baran Yadav can be broken down into Yadav, the Nepalese surname; Baran, the family name; Ram, the first name.

This makes no sense:
 * 1) An initial is not a name.
 * 2) If "first initial" is an error for "first name", the first sentence contradicts the example, in which Ram, the first name, is apparently the individual's given name.
 * 3) So what's the name "assigned to every member of a particular family ... usually in addition to the last name, [and] carried by every member of the paternal family"? Is it Yadav, the "Nepalese surname", or is it Baran, the "family name"? There's no clue.

--Thnidu (talk) 21:26, 20 February 2016 (UTC)

American concept applicable to (some) American names, not universally
Apparently, the "middle name" concept is first recorded in an American publication from as late as the 19th century. So why do the many contributors to this page over the years imagine that it is applicable to people like Johann Sebastian Bach?

Most of this page deals with given names or other subjects such as patronymics, where the American "middle name" concept (the notion that any name that happens to end up between one part and another in a full name has a particular character making it a "middle name" rather than something more obvious, such as an additional given name) just isn't applicable and is both based on confused thinking and confusing to any reader that happens to look at this page in a vain search for illumination.

That most of the article is unsourced is not accidental. Most of it is likely to be completely unsourceable. This page is just about the worst piece of junk in the entire Wikipedia. It should be stripped down to the American bits, if even that. --Hegvald (talk) 19:26, 21 February 2016 (UTC)

 * I have started to purge the article from content that was unreferenced and/or not about anything that can be identified as "middle names", as opposed to multiple given names or double/hyphenated surnames. I suspect that most of the rest needs to go as well. There is very, very little substance in this article. But right now I need to go to bed.
 * I would urge whoever thinks of restoring the sections to first try to find references. Are there, for instance, any respectable academic references that discuss names of 17th or 18th century Germans (such as Johann Sebastian Bach, long used as the main example in this article) using the term "middle name"? Not just off-hand remarks by some American writing about something else, but scholars specializing in the study of German personal names? If you can't find reliable sources, don't restore the content. --Hegvald (talk) 02:15, 6 March 2016 (UTC)

The article continues to attract cruft, unreferenced sections trying to apply the American middle-name concept to systems where there is no reason to apply it. --Hegvald (talk) 06:36, 17 October 2016 (UTC)

Moving list to separate page
Within the English section, Some notable anglophones known by their middle names is a list of (currently) 146 articles, and it keeps growing. No other section of this page has such a list, of any length. Its current growth spurt is due in large part to anonymous users 96.249.6.241 and 96.249.10.110 and to user Cornnich, who has no user page but whose user talk page shows a number of complaints and blocks due to edit warring. Any two or all three of these could be the same person.

I am not suggesting that there's anything wrong with this list, much less that it is vandalism. But I am moving it to a page of its own, List of notable anglophones known by their middle names, with a cross-reference from the section here and a redirect from List of notable English-speakers known by their middle names, and including it in Category:Human names and Category:Lists. Please me to discuss. --Thnidu (talk) 20:57, 24 February 2016 (UTC)

Divide (or better yet, Rename)
The accompanying article has the potential for being a valuable source of information, but has been gotten off to a dreadful start due to both
 * evidently being started by us virtually history-less people north of the Rio Grande, and
 * the efforts to rescue it apparently being slapped on one at a time by editors with substantially nothing to add beyond one or two additional cultures.

I propose that the article be renamed to Culture-specific patterns for full names of humans, organized by country as a default (so there's at least one place for each culture with a pattern substantially different from those already covered, or group of cultures sharing a pattern), with long-term goals of probably organizing hierarchically into narrower cultural patterns within the broad cultural patterns. It'd be great if someone a lot of multi-cultural experience (in practice, perhaps necessarily an academic specialist) comes up with a title that avoids our current myopic name that is too Western- or even American- focused to be more than a barrier to further broadening of the scope. We have plenty of competent speakers of English who are not functionally blind beyond Anglo-Saxon culture (which i for instance substantially am), and i think such a person should start by renaming the accompanying article, to embrace even more extra-American content than the article already does in spite of the myopic title "Middle name". --Jerzy•t 17:19, 16 December 2016 (UTC)

 * "Culture-specific patterns for full names of humans" sounds to me like a description of what should be in the article personal name and a whole range of other articles. Not like a good idea for the expansion of this article in particular. --Hegvald (talk) 05:18, 29 March 2017 (UTC)

"Given name" is ambiguous
Our article Given name seems to treat "first name" and "given name" as synonymous, rather than middle names being just part of one's given names. Attention must be paid. --Jerzy•t 19:04, 16 December 2016 (UTC)

 * Surely it cannot have passed out of currency just yet, that up until, I would hazard a guess, the 1980s in the UK, it was at least as common as first name to speak of a person having a Christian name, even in contexts where it was clear the person under discussion was not a Christian, or had even been baptised. Nuttyskin (talk) 11:50, 23 May 2018 (UTC)

Arabic
In Arabic culture, forenames can be multiple names but there are no proper middle names. When reading an individual's name and noticing three names separated by spaces, it's safe to assume the first name as the given name, the second name as the father's name, and the last name as the surname. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Hamdan2~arwiki (talk • contribs) 19:32, 28 March 2017 (UTC) If George W. Bush were Arab, he would have been known by George George Bush (because his father is George Bush). Hamdan2~arwiki (talk) 19:44, 28 March 2017 (UTC)

 * See patronymic. --Hegvald (talk) 05:14, 29 March 2017 (UTC)

Intro
"In several cultures, people's names usually include one or more names." - what does that even mean? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 176.195.99.20 (talk) 14:34, 18 August 2018 (UTC)

Middle initial?
That term redirects here, but there is not a word about it. In America, at least, John B Doe is a very common name form. Wouldn't it a good idea to explain clearly what that "B." is. ''What's that "F." in John F. Kennedy called, what's the term for it? Who knows? Wikipedia doesn't.'' Major flaw here. --SergeWoodzing (talk) 14:44, 30 July 2020 (UTC)

Scandinavia
As we use additional first names and call them middle names in everyday language, I think my added explanation is necessary. The translation of middle names is not 1:1 between e.g. UK and Scandinavic countries, and UK's middle names are similar to additional first names due to both using common given names in both. The law is another thing entirely, and it should not be considered of main importance when referencing Scandinavian culture, and should be explained in relation to it. The discrepancy can't be explained without explaining both. Would love to see some citations, and more input from others as I'm a Swede. Kameloso (talk) 01:34, 7 May 2022 (UTC)

 * I added sources in Swedish, Norwegian, and Danish. I can't read Icelandic, and therefore it's not included. I wasn't able to find sources in English, so hopefully this will do for now? Kameloso (talk) 14:11, 4 October 2022 (UTC)

politicians

 * Many others simply omit the first name in regular usage, treating their middle name like a first name, e.g. Woodrow Wilson (Thomas Woodrow Wilson).

This begins a paragraph about U.S. politicians who prefer their middle names.

And then a paragraph about British politicians who prefer their middle names.

And then a paragraph about Nazis who preferred their middle names.

This weirdly gives the impression that it's more common in politics, which seems quite unlikely. I'll try to remember to add some non-political names in here, and trim the political list. —Tamfang (talk) 06:16, 24 March 2023 (UTC)

German examples in "Middle name as primary forename"
The section Middle_name has the following paragraph:

''In Germany, during the Nazi period, several Nazis were known by their middle names. Examples include Joseph Goebbels (Paul Joseph Goebbels), Adolf Eichmann (Otto Adolf Eichmann), Erwin Rommel (Johannes Erwin Eugen Rommel), Hermann Fegelein (Hans Otto Georg Hermann Fegelein), Magda Goebbels (Johanna Maria Magdalena Goebbels) and Joachim von Ribbentrop (Ulrich Friedrich Wilhelm Joachim Ribbentrop).''

These examples don't make sense. In Germany, there are no middle names. There are only multiple given names.

See also Talk:Middle_name, above. The concept of middle names didn't exist in the 18th century (the age of Bach), and it didn't exist in the 20th century either.

--188.100.54.167 (talk) 15:44, 7 April 2023 (UTC)

 * I have the impression that, opposite to the anglophone tendency, in German the last of the given names is typically the one in daily use; is that right? —Tamfang (talk) 05:29, 22 April 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Middle name


text:
Department of Conservation

Department of Conservation may refer to a number of environmental ministries:

United States

 * California Department of Conservation
 * Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation
 * Missouri Department of Conservation

Elsewhere

 * Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Hong Kong
 * Department of Conservation (New Zealand)
 * Department of Environment and Conservation (Western Australia)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Department of Conservation


text:
Ambrosia Software

Ambrosia Software was a predominantly Macintosh software and gaming company founded in 1993 and located in Rochester, New York, U.S. Ambrosia Software was best known for its Macintosh remakes of older arcade games, which began with a 1992 version of Atari, Inc.'s Asteroids from 1979. The company also published utility software. Its products were distributed as shareware; demo versions could be downloaded and used for up to 30 days. Later the company released some products for iOS. Ambrosia's best-selling program was the utility Snapz Pro X, according to a 2002 interview with company president Andrew Welch.

In 2017, customers reported on Ambrosia's Facebook page that attempts to contact the company were unsuccessful and they were unable to make new purchases. As of July 2019, the website is offline. As of May 2021, the website resolves but leads to a domain parking page with ads unconnected to the company.

History
The first game distributed under the Ambrosia Software name was Maelstrom, a 1992 remake of the 1979 Asteroids arcade video game. It uses raster graphics similar in style to Atari's later Blasteroids (1987) and the Atari ST game Megaroids (1988). Despite the concept being 13 years old at the time of release, Maelstrom was popular at a time when Macintosh action games were in short supply, and it won some software awards.

Ambrosia Software was incorporated August 18, 1993, by Andrew Welch after he graduated from the Rochester Institute of Technology in 1992. Maelstrom was followed by more action games, including Apeiron (a remake of Centipede), Swoop (a clone of Galaxian), and Barrack (a clone of JezzBall). In 1999, Cameron Crotty of Macworld wrote that "No other company has gotten so much mileage out of renovating mid-1980s arcade hits."

Nearly all of the company's ten employees were laid off in 2013, but Welch denied rumors of the company closing. In late 2018, the company's last remaining employee announced that Ambrosia was officially shutting down operations.

Games
Ambrosia Software's games, in order of release: Ambrosia, in conjunction with DG Associates, has also released the Escape Velocity Nova card-driven board game.
 * Maelstrom — Asteroids remake
 * Chiral
 * Apeiron — Centipede remake
 * Swoop — Galaxian clone
 * Barrack — JezzBall clone
 * Manse (unreleased)
 * Escape Velocity
 * Avara
 * Bubble Trouble — Pengo remake
 * Harry the Handsome Executive
 * Mars Rising
 * EV Override
 * Slithereens
 * Cythera
 * Ares
 * Ferazel's Wand
 * Pillars of Garendall
 * Deimos Rising
 * Coldstone game engine
 * Escape Velocity Nova
 * Bubble Trouble X — Mac OS X port of original, with minor gameplay changes
 * pop-pop
 * Uplink — Mac OS X port
 * Aki
 * Apeiron X — Mac OS X port of the original, with enhanced graphics
 * GooBall
 * Darwinia — Mac OS X port
 * El Ballo
 * Redline
 * SketchFighter 4000 Alpha
 * DEFCON — Mac OS X port
 * pop-pop — Universal Binary release
 * Uplink — Universal Binary release
 * Aki — Universal Binary release
 * Mondo Solitaire
 * Aki — iPhone/iPod Touch release
 * Aquaria — Mac OS X port
 * Escape Velocity Nova — Universal Binary release
 * Multiwinia — Mac OS X port
 * Hypnoblocks

Productivity software
Ambrosia Software's utilities, in order of release:
 * Eclipse — Screen saver CDEV
 * Big Cheese Key — FKey to mask screen image from boss.
 * FlashWrite — Text editor Desk Accessory
 * FlashWrite ][
 * ColorSwitch — Menu bar item to change monitor color depth
 * EasyEnvelopes — Envelope printing Desk accessory. Later a Mac OS X v10.4 and Mac OS X v10.5 Dashboard widget.
 * Snapz
 * To Do!
 * Oracle
 * ColorSwitch Pro
 * Snapz Pro — Screen capture application
 * iSeek — Desktop search application
 * Snapz Pro X — Mac OS X-compatible version of original
 * WireTap Pro — Audio recording utility
 * Screen Cleaner Pro — April Fool's joke
 * Dragster — File transfer application
 * iToner — iPhone custom ringtone transfer utility
 * WireTap Studio — Audio recording, editing and master storage; won a 2007 "Eddy Award" from Macworld
 * WireTap Anywhere — professional virtual audio patchbay utility, enabling the recording of any Mac OS X application's audio output from within any Mac OS X audio application.
 * Soundboard — Mac OS X Audio playback ("computerized cart machine")
 * Big Cheese Key X — Mac OS X-compatible version of original

Shareware policies
One of Ambrosia's founding mantras was that shareware software should not be distributed as crippleware. The company's software was released on the honor system with only a short reminder that you had used the unregistered software for "x" amount of time, creating what is commonly called nagware.

This policy was later changed and the company employed typical shareware piracy prevention measures, as well as more innovative ones such as used in the Escape Velocity line of games where the team's mascot, Hector the Parrot (known in-game as Cap'n Hector), would use her heavily armed ship to ceaselessly attack players of unregistered copies after the trial period had expired. Their software products therefore began to fall under the category of crippleware. Now that the company no longer provides new expiring license codes, customers who had purchased Ambrosia software are now treated as though they have expired trial versions, meaning, for instance, that Cap'n Hector's attacks in Escape Velocity games cannot be stopped.

Matt Slot has written about the factors that played into the policy change.

title: Ambrosia Software


text:
List of World Men's Curling Champions

The following is a list of the winners of the World Men's Curling Championship since the inception of the championships in 1959.

All-time medal table
As of 2024 World Championships

title: List of World Men's Curling Champions


text:
User:Fiveks

My name is Kent Anderson and I live in Langley, BC. I am a 40something father of three. I am also Dean of Northwest Baptist Seminary and Associate Professor of Homiletics at the Associated Canadian Theological Schools of Trinity Western University. If you'd like to know more, please check my website, www.preaching.org.

I first heard about Wikipedia through an article in Wired magazine on the Open Source phenomenon. The concept of sharing struck a chord in me that resonated all the way back to Sunday School. I first stuck my toe in the water on November 15, 2003 by tentatively adding a paragraph to somebody else's piece on Sophism. My apologies if I get anything wrong. Somebody will fix it, I'm sure.

My areas of interest (expertise) are homiletics (preaching), communications, philosophy (postmodernism), theology, politics, sports... and everything else worth knowing. Wasn't it Augustine who said, "All truth is God's truth." It's like Jesus said, "you shall know the truth and the truth shall set you free." (John 8:32).

title: User:Fiveks


text:
Faith Evans

Faith Renée Evans (born June 10, 1973) is an American R&B singer, songwriter and actress. Born in Lakeland, Florida and raised in New Jersey, she relocated to Los Angeles in 1991 in pursuit of a recording career. She first performed as a backing vocalist for R&B singers Al B. Sure! and Christopher Williams, and by the age of 20, signed with Puff Daddy's Bad Boy Records as the label's first female artist in 1994. Following her uncredited appearance on labelmate the Notorious B.I.G.'s single "One More Chance", she released her debut studio album, Faith (1995) to critical acclaim and moderate commercial reception. Evans then guest performed alongside 112 on Puff Daddy's 1997 single "I'll Be Missing You," which won a Grammy Award for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group and became the first hip hop song to debut atop the Billboard Hot 100. Her second and third albums, Keep the Faith (1998) and Faithfully (2001) peaked at numbers six and 14 on the Billboard 200, respectively, and saw further critical praise.

Evans parted ways with Bad Boy in favor of Capitol Records in 2003. Her fourth album, The First Lady (2005) peaked at number two on the Billboard 200 and topped the US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, while her fifth album, A Faithful Christmas (2005)—a holiday album—failed to chart and served as her final release on a major label. After a hiatus, she released her sixth album, Something About Faith (2010) independently, followed by her seventh album, Incomparable (2014). With a career spanning two decades, Evans has sold over 20 million records worldwide.

Outside of recording, Evans is known as the widow of rapper Christopher "the Notorious B.I.G." Wallace, whom she married on August 4, 1994, after meeting the rapper at a Bad Boy photoshoot. The turbulent marriage resulted in Evans' involvement in the East Coast–West Coast hip hop rivalry—which dominated much of hip hop music's mainstream coverage at the time—and concluded with Wallace's unsolved drive-by murder on March 9, 1997. Also an actress and author, Evans made her screen debut on the 2000 musical drama Turn It Up by Robert Adetuyi. Her 2008 autobiography, Keep the Faith: A Memoir was released by Grand Central Publishing and won a 2009 African American Literary Award for the Best Biography/Memoir category.

1973–1994: Early life and career beginnings
Evans was born on June 10, 1973, in Lakeland, Florida, to an African American mother, Helene Evans, a professional singer. Her father, Richard Swain, was a musician of English and possible Italian descent who left before Evans was born; Evans has said "I've heard people mumble something about him being Italian, but I don't know for sure". A half-year later, 19-year-old Helene returned to Newark, New Jersey, and left Faith with her cousin Johnnie Mae and husband Orvelt Kennedy, the foster parents of more than 100 children they raised during the time that Faith lived with them. Faith had known Johnnie Mae and Orvelt Kennedy as her grandparents. It was not until a couple of years later that Helene's career floundered and she tried to take Evans back home. Faith, however, was afraid to leave what she had "been used to," and instead, Helene relocated next door.

Raised in a Christian home, Evans began singing at church at age two. At age four, she caught the attention of the congregation of the Emmanuel Baptist Church in Newark when she sang The 5th Dimension's song "Let the Sunshine In". While attending University High School in Newark, she sang with several jazz bands and, encouraged by Helene, entered outside pageants, festivals and contests, where her voice would be noticed and praised. After graduating from high school in 1991, Evans attended Fordham University in New York City to study marketing but left a year later to have daughter Chyna with music producer Kiyamma Griffin. In 1993, she relocated to Los Angeles, where she worked as a backup vocalist for singer Al B. Sure!, when she was noticed by musician Sean "Puff Daddy" Combs. Impressed with her, Combs contracted her as the first female artist to his Bad Boy Entertainment record label during 1994.

1994–2001: Faith, Biggie, Keep The Faith, motherhood and marriage
Newly contracted to Bad Boy Records, Evans was asked by executive producer Combs to contribute backing vocals and co-write tracks for Mary J. Blige's My Life (1994) and Usher's self-titled debut album (1994) prior to starting work on her debut studio album Faith. Released on August 29, 1995, in North America, the album was a main collaboration with Bad Boy's main producers, The Hitmen, including Chucky Thompson and Combs, but it also resulted in recordings with Poke & Tone and Herb Middleton. Faith became a success based on the singles "You Used to Love Me" and "Soon as I Get Home". The album was eventually certified platinum with 1.5 million copies sold, according to RIAA.

A year before, on August 4, 1994, Evans married rapper and label mate Christopher "The Notorious B.I.G." Wallace, after having met him at a Bad Boy photoshoot. The couple had one child together, Christopher George Latore Wallace Jr. After allegations of an affair with Tupac Shakur, Evans became involved in the East Coast–West Coast hip hop rivalry which dominated rap music at the time. Wallace was murdered in a yet-to-be-solved drive-by shooting in Los Angeles, California in March 1997. During early 1997, after her separation from Wallace, but before his death, Evans' friend Missy Elliott introduced her to record company executive Todd Russaw. Faith began dating Russaw during her and Wallace's separation and after Wallace died, Evans became pregnant by Russaw. The couple had their first son Joshua on June 10, 1998 (her 25th birthday). During the summer of 1998, Evans and Russaw were married, and on March 22, 2007, they had their second son Ryder Evan Russaw.

After Biggie's murder on March 9, 1997, Combs helped Evans produce her tribute song named "I'll Be Missing You", based on the melody of The Police's 1983 single "Every Breath You Take". The song, which featured Combs, Evans, and the all-male group 112, became a worldwide number-one success and debuted at number one on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart during 1997, scoring that for eleven weeks. It eventually won Puffy, Evans and 112 the 1998 Grammy Award for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group. The next year, she received another two Grammy nominations for "Heartbreak Hotel", a collaboration with singers Whitney Houston and Kelly Price, that scored number two on the Billboard Hot 100 chart.

Two years in the making, Evans' second studio album, Keep the Faith, was released by Bad Boy Records on October 27, 1998. Almost entirely written and produced by her, Evans considered the album difficult to complete as she had initially felt discouraged about the progress at first. Upon its release, however, the album earned generally positive reviews by music critics, with Allmusic noting it "without a doubt a highlight of 1990s soul-pop music". Also enjoying commercial success, it eventually went platinum and produced the top ten singles "Love Like This" and "All Night Long" (released on March 30, 1999) prompting Evans to start an 18-city theater tour with Dru Hill and Total the following year.

2001–2007: Faithfully, legal issues, Capitol Records and The First Lady
Evans' third album on the Bad Boy label, named Faithfully (2001), involved her working with a wider range of producers, including The Neptunes, Mario Winans, Buckwild, Vada Nobles, Cory Rooney, and others. Her first project with husband Todd Russaw as executive producer and creative partner, the album scored number 14 on the Billboard 200 album chart and number two on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, eventually being certified platinum, but yielded moderately successful singles, with the Jennifer Lopez-written "I Love You" becoming the only top twenty entry. Released amid Bad Boy Records' transition from distributor Arista Records to Universal, Evans felt Faithfully received minimum assistance by the company, and during 2004, she finally decided to end her business with Bad Boy as she was convinced Combs couldn't improve her career any more due to his other commitments. In January 2004, Evans and Russaw were arrested and charged with possession of marijuana and cocaine and an improper tag violation during a traffic stop in Hapeville, a suburb of Atlanta, Georgia.

After leaving Bad Boy Entertainment, Evans contracted with Capitol Records, becoming the first contemporary R&B artist to do so, and started work on her fourth studio album The First Lady, named after her nickname on her former label. As opposed to having an in-house team of producers who supplied most of the previous material, she and Russaw were able to gain more creative control of the album and consulted producers such as Bryan-Michael Cox, Jermaine Dupri, Mike Caren, Pharrell Williams, and Chucky Thompson to contribute to it. Upon its release in April 2005, The First Lady scored at number two on the Billboard 200 and number one on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, becoming Evans' best-charting album to date. It was eventually certified gold by the RIAA.

At the end of the year, Evans released A Faithful Christmas, a holiday album of traditional Christmas songs and original tracks. The effort would become her last release on Capitol Records as the company was bought during 2007.

2005–2012: Hiatus, arrest, divorce and Something About Faith
Following a 5-year hiatus, Evans created her own record label imprint in 2010. She named the imprint Prolific Music Group and hired top talent to build the record label from scratch. Evans began recording songs with Keyshia Cole, Redman, Snoop Dogg and Raekwon, among others for the labels freshman album. Evans signed a deal with independent record label E1 Entertainment later that year. Her fifth studio album Something About Faith was released on October 5, 2010, in the United States, where it debuted and peaked at number fifteen on the Billboard 200 and number one on the Independent Albums chart. Something About Faith has spawned the leading single "Gone Already", which spent over thirty-three weeks on the US Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, where it peaked at number twenty-two.

In August 2010, Evans was arrested on suspicion of misdemeanor drunken driving, after being stopped at a checkpoint in Marina del Rey, California. In 2011, Evans filed for divorce against Russaw. The couple agreed to spend 13 weeks in a drug-treatment program in exchange for halting any further prosecution of their drug-possession case. In May 2011, Evans and Russaw announced they were getting a divorce, and stated they would like to keep it quiet for their children's sakes.

2012–present: R&B Divas: Atlanta, Incomparable, The King & I, and The Masked Singer
In 2012, Evans co-executive produced and became a cast member on the TV One reality show R&B Divas: Atlanta alongside fellow R&B singers Nicci Gilbert, Syleena Johnson, Keke Wyatt and Monifah. The show offered an inside look at how the singers balance their music careers and personal lives as they work towards producing an Evans-led compilation album, R&B Divas (2012), in memory of Whitney Houston. Broadcast to rating records for the network, the series produced a spin-off titled R&B Divas: Los Angeles and was renewed for two further seasons. Evans, who left the show following its second season, earned a Grammy nomination for Best R&B Album at the 55th awards ceremony.

In August 2013, Evans confirmed she had begun work on her seventh studio album Incomparable, with contribution from Chucky Thompson, Mike City, KeKe Wyatt, B.Slade and Karen Clark Sheard of The Clark Sisters. "I Deserve It", a record featuring recurring collaborator Missy Elliott and her protégée Sharaya J, was released on August 25, 2014, as the album's lead single and peaked at number 19 on Billboard's Adult R&B Songs chart. Incomparable was released on November 24, 2014 by Prolific Music Group and BMG Rights Management. It debuted at number 27 on the US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and number 17 on the US Independent Albums chart.

In 2016, Evans announced that she was finishing a posthumous Notorious B.I.G. album titled The King & I, featuring duets with her late husband. The album was released on May 19, 2017.

On July 17, 2018, she married producer and Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta star Stevie J. The couple released the hit song "A Minute" on July 27, 2018. Between 2015 and 2019 Evans appeared in several episodes of Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta, and Leave It to Stevie alongside then friend Stevie J.

In May 2020, Evans was arrested for felony domestic violence against Stevie J. She was released on bond and the charges were later dropped. In 2021, Stevie J filed for divorce. The divorce was finalized in 2023.

In 2021, Evans competed in season six of The Masked Singer as "Skunk". She was unmasked during the Group A Finals where she made references to the loss of The Notorious B.I.G. and her son being autistic.

Acting
Having previously appeared in stage plays as a teenager, Evans began acting with a supporting role in director Robert Adetuyi's 2000 music drama Turn It Up, featuring Pras Michel from The Fugees, Jason Statham and Ja Rule. Released to generally negative reviews from critics, who noted it "patently absurd in both the details and larger aspects", the indie film had a short play and became a financial disappointment, gaining US$1.24 million during its U.S. run only.

During 2003, Evans acted in the MTV-produced romantic comedy The Fighting Temptations in which she appeared in a brief but major role portraying a single mother and night club singer. Filmed in Columbus, Georgia and headed by Cuba Gooding Jr. (her character is his mother) and Beyoncé Knowles, the film garnered mixed reviews by critics, but scored top three of the U.S. box office, resulting in a domestic gross of US$30.2 million. In addition, Evans recorded a contemporary cover version of Donna Summer's 1978 success "Heaven Knows" for the film which her character performs during one of the first in sequence in the film. The accompanying soundtrack scored the top twenty of the U.S. Billboard 200.

During 2004, Evans earned a brief guest stint on the UPN situation comedy Half & Half. In 2009, Evans announced that she had been working on a synopsis for her own situation comedy that would be based largely on her life but with a more comedic aspect. It is unknown whether she has officially pitched the sitcom to any television networks, as of 2024.

Evans has had cameos on the reality show Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta.

Florence Ballard biopic
In November 2010, several sources stated that Faith would portray Motown star Florence Ballard of the Supremes in an upcoming biopic, Blondie: The Florence Ballard Story. With the blessing of Ballard's three daughters, Faith later appeared on The Wendy Williams Show to promote this role. In July 2014, Rolling Stone reported that the movie, thought to be titled "Blondie", was in fact a con artist's scam.

Writing
Evans released her autobiographic book called Keep the Faith: A Memoir on August 29, 2008. Written with Aliya S. King, it detailed the singer's life, but also discussed Evans' controversial relationship with her late husband, the Notorious B.I.G.: "'I want people to understand that although he was a large part of my life, my story doesn't actually begin or end with Big's death. My journey has been complicated on many levels. And since I am always linked to Big, there are a lot of misconceptions about who I really am. It's not easy putting your life out there for the masses. But I've decided I'll tell my own story. For Big. For my children. And for myself.'" In its initial release, Keep the Faith: A Memoir landed in the Top 20 on New York's Best Seller's List two consecutive weeks in a row. During 2009, the book received The 2009 African American Literary Award for Best Biography/Memoir.

Philanthropy
In 2014, Faith showed support for Little Kids Rock by donating items for auction to raise money in support of music education in public schools.

Artistry
Faith Evans said that some of her biggest musical influences and favourite singers are gospel singer Karen Clark-Sheard (whom she has been often likened to), Shirley Murdock, Chaka Khan, Anita Baker and Aretha Franklin.

Evans is noted for her "urban-edged honeyed soprano." Her vocal range extends from the low note of C#3 to high soprano C#6. The Washington Post writer Craig Seymour called her "angelic yet hearty soprano" as showcasing emotion that is defined by Evans' personal experiences of tragedy, love, pain and heartbreak.

Studio albums

 * Faith (1995)
 * Keep the Faith (1998)
 * Faithfully (2001)
 * The First Lady (2005)''
 * A Faithful Christmas (2005)
 * Something About Faith (2010)
 * Incomparable (2014)

Collaboration albums

 * The King & I (with The Notorious B.I.G.) (2017)

Tours

 * Keep the Faith Tour (1999)
 * The First Lady Tour (2005)
 * Something About Faith Tour (2010–11)
 * An Evening with Faith (2012)
 * Faith Evans Live (2013)
 * Bad Boy Family Reunion Tour (2016–17)

Filmography

 * 2000: Turn It Up
 * 2003: The Fighting Temptations
 * 2009: Notorious
 * 2011: Soul Kittens Cabaret
 * 2020: True to the Game 2: Gena's Story

Television

 * 2012: R&B Divas: Atlanta (Executive Producer & Main Cast)
 * 2013: R&B Divas: Los Angeles (Executive Producer)
 * 2015: Real Husbands of Hollywood (Guest Star)
 * 2015; 2016—19 Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta (Guest Star & Main Cast)
 * 2016: Stevie J & Joseline: Go Hollywood (Guest Star)
 * 2016: RuPaul's Drag Race (Guest Judge, "RuCo's Empire")
 * 2018: Luke Cage (Singer at club in "Code of the Streets", "The Main Ingredient")
 * 2021: The Masked Singer (Herself/Skunk)

title: Faith Evans


text:
Triumph (band)

Triumph were a Canadian hard rock band formed in 1975 that was popular during the late 1970s and the 1980s, building on its reputation and success as a live band. Between its 16 albums and DVDs, the band has received 18 gold and nine platinum awards in Canada and the United States. They were nominated for multiple Juno Awards, including the "Group of the Year Award" in 1979, 1985, 1986, and 1987. They were inducted into the Canadian Music Industry Hall of Fame in 2007, into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame in 2008, and into Canada's Walk of Fame in 2019.

Triumph is most known for its guitar-driven rock songs, such as "Lay It on the Line", "Magic Power", "Fight the Good Fight" and "World of Fantasy", although it originally earned notice for strong cover songs, like "Rocky Mountain Way". The band was formed in Toronto, and for much of its existence featured Rik Emmett (guitar, lead/backing vocals), Mike Levine (bass, keyboards, backing vocals), and Gil Moore (drums, lead/backing vocals). This line-up, which recorded the band's first nine studio albums, lasted until 1988, when Emmett left Triumph to pursue a solo career. He was replaced by Phil "X" Xenedis, and Triumph recorded their last album to date, Edge of Excess, with him before going on indefinite hiatus in 1993. The classic line-up of Moore, Levine and Emmett reunited for two live concerts in 2008, at Sweden Rock Festival and Rocklahoma, and again in 2019 for a three-song performance in Toronto.

Early days and first two albums (1975–1978)
Before Triumph was a four-piece blues-based band consisting of Fred Keeler (guitar), Peter Young (organ), Mike Levine (bass) and Gil Moore (drums, vocals). This group, called Abernathy Shagnaster, signed to Canada's Attic Records in 1975 and issued the non-charting single "Hobo"/"Got to Get You Back in My Life".

Keeler and Young left the group soon after the band's first single was released and in the summer of 1975 Moore and Levine met guitarist Rik Emmett, who was playing at Toronto's Hollywood Tavern in a band called ACT III. After jamming with the pair at Moore's house in Mississauga and reviewing the group's existing contracts, Emmett agreed to join the band, now called Triumph. Triumph's first paid concert with Emmett was at Simcoe High School in September 1975.

Guitarist Emmett's songwriting style brought both progressive rock and classical music influences; most Triumph albums included a classical guitar solo piece. Moore doubled as lead singer on many of the band's heavier songs and in their later years, some softer ballads; bassist and pianist Levine produced their early albums. As with many progressive rock and heavy metal bands, Triumph's style proved unpopular with rock critics; Rolling Stone reviewers labelled them a "faceless band".

Triumph's self-titled first album in was originally released in Canada in 1976. It was later renamed on re-issues as In the Beginning. The second LP Rock & Roll Machine followed in 1977 and contained a version of the Joe Walsh song "Rocky Mountain Way". Neither of these original albums were released in the United States; however, RCA Records released a debut US album in 1978 also titled Rock & Roll Machine. This album, also released internationally, combines songs from both Canadian releases with new artwork. "Rocky Mountain Way" received some scattered US airplay.

In February 1978 Triumph subbed in for Sammy Hagar on a radio-station promotion date for 99.5 KISS-FM in San Antonio, Texas, followed by a run of five shows in Texas for JAM Productions (a promoter named Joe A Miller), then toured across Canada with fellow Canadian rockers Moxy and Trooper.

On August 26, 1978, they were headliners at the Canada Jam Festival at Mosport Park, playing before a crowd of about 110,000 people.

Mainstream popularity (1979–1985)
Triumph's third album, Just a Game (1979), featured a moderate US radio hit, "Hold On", which reached No. 38 on the Billboard Hot 100. "Hold On" became a significant song in some select markets; for example, in St. Louis the song made it to No. 1 on KSHE and KWK, album-oriented/classic rock FM radio stations. "Hold On" peaked at No. 33 on the RPM Singles chart in Canada. The second single "Lay It on the Line" received greater acceptance at album-oriented rock FM radio across the U.S. and Canada. "Lay It on the Line" received heavy FM radio airplay, and reached No. 86 on the Billboard Hot 100. In "oldies" classic-rock format radio stations in the US, it remains the most widely played and recognized song from the Triumph catalogue. The album eventually went gold in the US.

In 1980, the band's fourth album Progressions of Power was released and peaked at No. 32 in the US, reaching gold in overall sales. Its single "I Can Survive" peaked at No. 91 on the Hot 100. That year the band performed their heavy metal show in Passaic, New Jersey; it was their first show in the New York area.

1981's Allied Forces sold over a million copies in the US, while attaining the highest chart positions any Triumph album would attain; No. 23 in the US and No. 13 in Canada. It included the songs "Fight the Good Fight" and "Magic Power", the latter of which reached no. 5 at Canada's largest Top 40 radio station, CHUM-AM in Toronto. "Magic Power" peaked at No. 14 on the national Canadian RPM Singles chart, their biggest hit in their native Canada. "Magic Power" reached No. 8 on the Billboard Mainstream Top Rock Tracks chart and No. 51 on the Hot 100, while "Fight the Good Fight" went to No. 18 on the Top Rock Tracks chart.

Never Surrender was initially released in 1982 on Attic Records in Canada, and was not released in the United States until January 1983. The album attained gold status in the US, and peaked at No. 26 on the US album chart. It saw the band's compositions take on more political overtones. Previously, Emmett had included a single political theme on each Triumph album. ("Just a Game", "Hard Road", and "Ordinary Man" portray Rik Emmett's strong populist leanings.) However, Never Surrender featured five anthems. The Jimi Hendrix-inspired riff-rocker "Too Much Thinking" even samples Ronald Reagan from one of his presidential speeches. "All the Way" (No. 2) and "A World of Fantasy" (No. 3) became Triumph's highest ever charting songs on the Top Rock Tracks chart, while the title track peaked at No. 23. The album earned gold record status in the United States (sales of 500,000 units). However, Triumph's relationship with RCA Records soured at this point; MCA Records executive Irving Azoff co-opted their debts and signed them for five albums. Following their 1984 label change, MCA took over distribution of their old catalogue for ten years. After the shift to MCA, the band began to work with outside producers, and their studio albums became increasingly difficult to replicate onstage. Triumph eventually added Rick Santers, a Toronto guitar and keyboard player, in 1986 to support their last three tours.

Thunder Seven was released in late 1984, initially as a compact disc. Despite two hit singles and videos, "Spellbound" (No. 10 on the Top Rock Tracks chart) and "Follow Your Heart" (No. 13), the album failed to achieve expected levels of sales; cassette and vinyl formats were soon released. On Thunder Seven Emmett's lyrics addressed social concerns in an adult context and Rik Emmett and Gil Moore sang alternating vocal parts in "Follow Your Heart" and "Killing Time". Continuing in the direction of "Never Surrender", the entire second side formed a loose concept focusing on different perspectives of time with "Time Canon" mostly featuring multiple part voice harmonies. Thunder Seven became an RIAA certified gold album in 2003.

In 1985, the band released Stages, a double live set culled from the previous three tours. It also included two new songs, including "Mind Games", for which a video was filmed, but the song failed to chart in either Canada or the U.S. On June 7, 1985, Triumph was ranked No. 2 in Performance Magazine's 6-week period ending "Tops in Performance" list. That year the band performed with Mountain at the Prairie Capital Convention Center in Illinois.

The Sport of Kings, Surveillance and split with Rik Emmett (1986–1991)
Triumph took a more commercial turn with their 1986 studio album, The Sport of Kings. Rik Emmett's "Somebody's Out There" reached the American Top 40 in late 1986, a significant amount of radio and video exposure. Written and recorded in the eleventh hour of The Sport of Kings sessions, in an attempt to deliver a hit single to satisfy the demands of the record company, "Somebody's Out There" made it to No. 27 on Billboard Hot 100 during October and November 1986. "Somebody's Out There" still stands as the highest-charting song from the Triumph catalogue on the Hot 100. It also reached No. 9 on the Top Rock Tracks chart, although it did less well in Canada, only reaching No. 84 on the singles chart there. Gil Moore's "Tears in the Rain", cut from the same cloth as "Mind Games", did not fare as well in the charts in the US, as it peaked at No. 23 on the Top Rock Tracks charts. The third single, the slow-tempo "Just One Night", which also had a video, did fairly well in Canada, hitting No. 33 on the singles chart in April 1987, but did not chart in the US. Adding the aforementioned Rick Santers to their line-up, Triumph toured with Swedish guitarist Yngwie Malmsteen across the United States in the fall of 1986.

In 1987 the band attempted a return to their usual style with Surveillance. While Gil Moore and Mike Levine remained firmly planted in blues-rock, Rik Emmett took a more modern progressive turn, even involving Dixie Dregs and Kansas guitarist Steve Morse. They collaborated on a dual-guitar solo for Gil Moore's angst-ridden vocal on the Emmett/Santers-penned "Headed for Nowhere". The first single released to radio stations in Canada was "Let the Light Shine on Me", which did well on certain Canadian rock stations, such as reaching number 1 at Q107 in Toronto (as the lead one or two singles on most Triumph albums since 1979 had) while reaching No. 61 on the Canadian singles chart. It did not chart in the US. The first single released to radio stations in the US, "Long Time Gone", reached number 23 on the Top Rock Tracks chart; the song did not chart in Canada. A video was released for the single "Never Say Never", but the song was not able to chart on the Top Rock Tracks chart or on the Canadian Singles chart.

The 1988 tour, during which the band members experienced growing disharmony over business decisions and artistic direction, ended with a September 3 show on the Kingswood stage at Canada's Wonderland. Later that year Emmett left Triumph and began a solo career; the three didn't perform together again for many years. Emmett's first album, Absolutely, yielded four hits in Canada. Meanwhile, Triumph released 1989's Classics as their obligatory fifth album owed to MCA Records.

Phil X-era, Edge of Excess and hiatus (1992–2006)
In 1992, the remaining members of Triumph recruited Phil Xenidis, a Canadian guitarist known for his work with Aldo Nova and Frozen Ghost. Moore was the principal songwriter and lead singer for 1992's Edge of Excess, with additional help from guitarist-producer Mladen Zarron. Rick Santers also remained on hand as touring guitarist/keyboardist and singer for the 1993 North American tour, singing Rik Emmett's parts in fan favourites "Magic Power" and "Fight the Good Fight". Initial reception of the album from American radio seemed quite favourable, until Triumph's recording label, a subsidiary of Polygram, dissolved unexpectedly in 1993.

Moore, Levine and Rick Santers were joined by Triumph superfan Sebastian Bach of Skid Row and Phil X for a performance of "Rock & Roll Machine" at the Q107 Rock Awards on December 1, 1993.

But by the end of 1993, the remaining members of Triumph had effectively disbanded, mostly due to their record label's collapse.

In 1998 Rik Emmett resisted overtures from his former bandmates for a potentially lucrative twentieth anniversary US tour, stating he was not interested. Nevertheless, Moore and Levine purchased and acquired back their entire album catalogue from MCA and launched their own label TML Entertainment, and they continue to release live recordings and videos from their long career.

In 2003 TML released a live DVD album called Live at the US Festival originally recorded in San Bernardino, California at the US Festival in 1983. This historic festival, attracting nearly 250,000 rock fans, also featured Van Halen and the Clash. Triumph had earlier released this concert on VHS following the Never Surrender tour, featuring two videos from the forthcoming Thunder Seven album. In 2004, TML released a second DVD concert, A Night of Triumph, filmed in 1987 at Halifax Metro Centre during The Sport of Kings tour. The most comprehensive Triumph anthology, Livin' for the Weekend: Anthology, was issued in 2005. A CD of extended versions of some of the band's most popular hits called Extended Versions: Triumph was released in 2006.

In the 1980s Moore opened and operated Metalworks Studios in Mississauga, originally for Triumph's exclusive use; more recently the company has been training engineers and sound technicians for Canada's music industry.

Reunion with Rik Emmett (2007–present)
On March 10, 2007, Triumph was inducted to the Canadian Music Industry Hall of Fame in a ceremony at Toronto's Fairmont Royal York Hotel. All members of the "classic" group line-up (Emmett, Moore, Levine) were present for the event. Although there were no plans for a Triumph reunion, and Moore had taken on a full-time career at Metalworks, the band members didn't rule out future collaborations; Nick Blagona, for example, mastered Emmett's latest hard rock project, Airtime (2007), in the Metalworks mastering suite.

On April 6, 2008, Triumph was inducted into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame as part of the Juno Awards.

In 2008, Triumph's classic line-up performed live for the first time since 1988 with two reunion concerts: the first on June 7 at the Sweden Rock Festival in Solvesborg, Sweden, and the second on July 11 at the Rocklahoma music festival in Pryor, Oklahoma.

In 2011, the band reissued Allied Forces as a vinyl package for their 30th anniversary.

On July 14, 2011, Triumph Lane in Mississauga, ON, was officially dedicated in honour of the band.

On August 28, 2012, the band released a CD+DVD package of their June 7, 2008, reunion concert in Sweden titled Live at Sweden Rock Festival on Frontiers Records in Europe and on the TML label in Canada and the United States.

In 2013, Triumph was inducted into Legends Row at the inaugural ceremony held at Mississauga City Hall.

In 2016, Rik Emmett released the album RES9, which included the song "Grand Parade", on which Gil Moore played drums and Mike Levine played bass. The song is a ballad reminiscent of "Suitcase Blues" and even includes the line "Me, I'm hanging out with Johnny Walker once again."

In 2019, Triumph were named Legends Of Live at the 2019 Live Music Industry Awards at Canadian Music Week.

On November 16, 2019, Triumph performed together for the first time in eleven years at an invite-only event at Metalworks Studios in Mississauga, Ontario, where they played three songs — "When the Lights Go Down", "Lay It on the Line" and "Magic Power" — in front of approximately 300 "superfans" in attendance. This Superfan Fantasy performance was taped for the Banger Films documentary Triumph: Rock 'n Roll Machine. That same month, Triumph were inducted into Canada's Walk of Fame. When asked if the band will perform again in the future, Emmett said, "I think we're gonna try and do it every 11 years or so. That's the length of time it had been since we did a reunion in Sweden."

On September 10, 2021, Triumph: Rock & Roll Machine documentary debuted at the Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF).

Philanthropy
Since the group's inception, individually and collectively, Triumph have contributed time, energy, music, facilities, equipment and funds in support of a wide range of charitable, educational and humanitarian causes.

Triumph's largest single charitable contribution was its final appearance at Maple Leaf Gardens in Toronto, January 22, 1987. Staged by Gary Slaight for the "Sounds United" campaign of the United Way of Canada, Greater Toronto Division, all proceeds of $179,356.66 were donated. More recently, the trio has raised over $250,000 (and still counting) with its Signed Guitars Program. Since 2009 Triumph has signed over 100 Fender guitars and donated them to various charities for live and silent auctions, raising between $1,500 and $6,500 each. Individually, Emmett has also contributed guitars for Kids With Cancer, CNIB Ride For Sight and Barrett House Aids Hospice.

In 2011 Triumph donated their music and business archives to the University of Toronto Libraries.

Moore, Levine and Emmett have participated, together and separately, in many major fundraising events, including the latter's appearance on "Tears Are Not Enough", the Canadian music industry single for Ethiopian Famine Release in 1985, which would eventually raise over $3.5 million. Moore, along with Tom Cochrane and Rush's Alex Lifeson, and others, served on the committee which spearheaded the tsunami relief effort, Canada for Asia, in 2005.

Other causes Triumph and Metalworks have supported and/or sponsored include: MusiCounts, Rock Star for a Day Program, the Children's Wish Foundation, Canada's Walk of Fame Emerging Artist Program, Canadian Music Week National Songwriting Contests, many High School Battle of the Bands, Full Circle, Camp Rock, Bike for Betty, and Friends of We Care – Easter Seals. The state-of-the-art facilities at Metalworks Studios have also been donated many times to help causes, including the Canadian Live 8 concert, held in Barrie, Ontario on July 2, 2005.

In 1996, Triumph donated royalties from one million units of the song "Magic Power" on the certified Diamond "Oh What a Feeling: A Vital Collection of Canadian Music" compilation CD in support of the Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Science and Juno Award, as they have done many times in support of charitable initiatives. Moore has participated in and donated Triumph autographed guitars to celebrity golf fundraising tournaments, Levine has bowled for TJ Martell Foundation and Emmett regularly performs at fundraisers for many causes, including AIDS, Food Bank and Shelter benefits.

In 2013 Emmett was awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal in 2012 for Community Service and Moore was given a star on the Mississauga Music Walk of Fame for contributions to education and community support. Metalworks Production Group was given the 2014 Sam McCallion Small Business Community Involvement Award by the Mississauga Board of Trade. Metalworks Institute coordinates volunteers for Make Music Matter, a Calgary-based charity (formerly Song For Africa), by going to Africa and sharing their technological and musical training. In May 2015, Moore Received the Mississauga Arts Council, Laurie Pallett Patron of the Arts, MARTY Award for his contributions to the Mississauga arts community. In April 2016, Moore received the Mississauga Board of Trade, Lifetime Achievement Award for his dedication to business in Mississauga and the community.

The group members have also served on various boards over the years. In 2014, Moore joined the Advisory Boards of Music Canada and CAAMA (Canadian Association for the Advancement of Music and the Arts) and Levine serves on the board of directors and advisory board for the Musicians' Rights Organization Canada (MROC). In the past Emmett has served on the Advisory Boards at Humber College and the Songwriters Association of Canada. Moore has also served on the executive board at Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Science (CARAS) as well as the Toronto Musicians Association (TMA).

Classic

 * Rik Emmett – guitars, lead and backing vocals, synthesizers, keyboards, bass (1975–1988, 2008, 2019)
 * Mike Levine – bass, keyboards, synthesizers, backing vocals (1975–1993, 2008, 2019)
 * Gil Moore – drums, percussion, lead and backing vocals (1975–1993, 2008, 2019)

Former

 * Phil X – guitar, backing vocals (1992–1993)

Touring
 * Rick Santers – guitar, keyboards, backing and lead vocals (1986–1993)
 * Sebastian Bach – lead vocals (special guest for one show December 1, 1993)
 * Dave Dunlop – guitar, backing vocals (2008, 2019)

Session Musicians

 * Laurie Delgrande – keyboards on Triumph (1976); on Rock and Roll Machine (1977); on Just a Game (1979)
 * Mike Danna – keyboards on Rock and Roll Machine (1977); on Just a Game (1979)
 * Beau David – backing vocals on Rock and Roll Machine (1977); on Just a Game (1979)
 * Elaine Overholt – backing vocals on Rock and Roll Machine (1977); on Just a Game (1979); on Allied Forces (1981); on "Mind Games" and "Empty Inside" from Stages (1985)
 * Gord Waszek – backing vocals on Rock and Roll Machine (1977); on Just a Game (1979)
 * Colina Phillips – backing vocals on Rock and Roll Machine (1977); on Just a Game (1979)
 * Rosie Levine – backing vocals on Rock and Roll Machine (1977); on Just a Game (1979)
 * Lou Pomanti – synthesizer, keyboards, programming on Thunder Seven (1984); synthesizer, synthesizer programming, keyboards on The Sport of Kings (1986)
 * Al Rogers – backing vocals on Thunder Seven (1984)
 * Sandee Bathgate – backing vocals on Thunder Seven (1984)
 * Dave Dickson – backing vocals on Thunder Seven (1984)
 * Herb Moore – backing vocals on Thunder Seven (1984)
 * Andy Holland – backing vocals on Thunder Seven (1984)
 * Gary McCracken – drums on "Mind Games" from Stages (1985)
 * Rob Yale – keyboards on "Mind Games" and "Empty Inside" from Stages (1985)
 * Michael Boddicker (not to be confused with the major league baseball player Mike Boddicker) – synthesizer, keyboards, synthesizer programming on The Sport of Kings (1986)
 * Scott Humphrey – synthesizer, keyboards, synthesizer programming on The Sport of Kings (1986)
 * Johnny Rutledge – backing vocals on The Sport of Kings (1986)
 * David Blamires – backing vocals on The Sport of Kings (1986)
 * Neil Donell – backing vocals on The Sport of Kings (1986)
 * John Roberts – newscast on "Carry on the Flame" from Surveillance (1987)
 * Steve Morse – electric guitar on "Headed for Nowhere" and acoustic guitar on "All the King's Horses" from Surveillance (1987)
 * Dave Traczuk – synthesizer, keyboards, programming on Surveillance (1987)
 * Greg Loates – percussion, programming, effects on Surveillance (1987)
 * Hugh Cooper – sound effects on Surveillance (1987)
 * Joel Feeney – backing vocals on Surveillance (1987)
 * Joel Wade – backing vocals, chant, choir, chorus on Surveillance (1987)
 * Paul Henderson – backing vocals, chant, choir, chorus on Surveillance (1987)
 * Ross Munro – choir, chorus, chant on Surveillance (1987)
 * John Alexander – choir, chorus, chant on Surveillance (1987)
 * Noel Golden – choir, chorus, chant on Surveillance (1987)
 * Mladen Alexander – guitar on Edge of Excess (1992)

Discography
Studio albums

 * Triumph (1976; reissued on 1995 CD as In the Beginning)
 * Rock & Roll Machine (1977)
 * Just a Game (1979)
 * Progressions of Power (1980)
 * Allied Forces (1981)
 * Never Surrender (1982)
 * Thunder Seven (1984)
 * The Sport of Kings (1986)
 * Surveillance (1987)
 * Edge of Excess (1992)

Live albums

 * Stages (1985)
 * King Biscuit Flower Hour (In Concert) (1996)
 * Live at the US Festival (2003)
 * Live at Sweden Rock Festival (2012)

Videos

 * Live at the US Festival (2003)
 * A Night of Triumph (2004)
 * Live at Sweden Rock Festival (2012)

Compilation albums

 * Classics (1989)
 * Livin' For the Weekend: Anthology (2005)
 * Extended Versions: Triumph (2006)
 * Greatest Hits Remixed (2010)

title: Triumph (band)