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Talk:Leamington Spa

[Untitled]
Shouldn't this really be moved to Leamington Spa, seem as that is the most common name for the town, and few people refer to it in its full "Royal Leamington Spa" title. And most of the links to the town are to Leamington Spa G-Man 12:31, 2 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * When I lived in Kenilworth, we used to call it "Lem" and I would say most people call it "Leamington" rather than "Leamington Spa".. not sure which is most natural to use! Pete/Pcb21 (talk) 13:20, 2 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * The official name of the town is "Royal Leamington Spa" the Royal element isn't a title but is largely ignored. Use of just "Leamington" should be avoided as this could cause confusion with Leamington Hastings also in Warwickshire.barrettyman 11:06 21 Dec 2005

 * Hmm. I believe that Leamington Spa is an area within the town of Royal Leamington Spa - Sydenham being another. I'm not sure, though.
 * James F. (talk) 18:36, 2 Dec 2003 (UTC)

 * No, Leamington Spa and Royal Leamington Spa are one and the same. There are several sub-areas of the town though. Sydenham is one, New Milverton another and the former village of Lillington is a third. As for Leam being an abbreviation for the town, I lived in Whitnash for over 10 years and definetly heard it referred to as that. David Newton 08:38, 23 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * Right; are all three (Sydenham, New Milverton, and Lillington) former hamlets/villages/towns, or just Lillington? If the latter, where do the other two names come from?
 * James F. (talk) 09:25, 23 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * No. Syndenham, as far as I know is just the name of a relatively modern area. If you want to find Syndenham on a map of Leamington, it's the southeast part of the town. New Milverton, on the other hand, does come from a village name. However, Old Milverton is still a separate village to the north of Leamington. New Milverton is the northwest part of Leamington. David Newton 20:49, 23 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Re: Is it called Leam? We have one student at Warwick saying it is and one resident saying it isn't. I lived in Kenilworth for 20 years and feel qualified to weigh in too. The town is called Leam in a slangy colloquial way - by young people at least - not just Warwick students. It is obviously never called Leam in a formal context. My proposed solution - keep the reference, but de-emphasize it by removing it from the top line. I'll do that now - please comment here rather than in edit summaries. Pete/Pcb21 (talk) 16:10, 16 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * oh hadn't noticed that bit about "professorial extravagance" before - how much do you think professors make??? :-) Pete/Pcb21 (talk) 16:13, 16 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * Bugger-all, really. Well, the DCS ones make enough to get an Apple PowerBook each (grumble grumble ;-)), and one's a self-made millionaire who was too busy with running his company to mark our coursework, but... :-)
 * James F. (talk) 16:32, 16 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * I believe the bottom of the professor scale is about £45-50K - certainly more than most students take home :-) Junior academics don't earn much really, but once you're on the professor scale there's no top limit...
 * I agree with the current way of putting in the "leam" - i should have thought of that. No point starting an edit war over this place ;-)
 * Iridium77 17:00, 16 Feb 2004 (UTC)

The naming issue was brought up a year ago but discussion moved on to other matters. As was the case then, most Wikipedia links point to Leamington Spa. I have been bold and moved the article there. I have always understood the Royal bit as a kind of title, not an integral part of the name. Having said that I suppose Spa could be regarded as a kind of title, but it is invariably included, except in a local context, when everyone calls it Leamington. It's Royal Leamington Spa on signs when entering the town, and in some tourism/showing-off contexts (although even this semi-official website has Royal written differently, as if it were a title). The local newspaper has "Leamington Spa Courier" at the top of its front page, and finally, the Google test gives 463,000 matches for "Leamington Spa", 74,600 for "Royal Leamington Spa", and 340,000 for "Leamington Spa" when excluding the word "royal". — Trilobite (Talk) 10:14, 7 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * That seems fair enough to me - the post town is "Leamington Spa" Iridium77 15:55, 24 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Sugar
"Sugar is the club of choice" - by who's choice? This isn't backed up by anything.

 * Been re-worded. Cls14 21:53, 23 April 2007 (UTC)

Campion Hills
What evidence is there that Campion Hills is a suburb of Leamington? I've never heard of them as such. Cls14 21:53, 23 April 2007 (UTC)

"Undrinkable" water?
What is the source of the water from the new drinking fountain on the pavement in front of the Pump Rooms? I had some from there recently, and while it was nowhere near undrinkable, it did have a rather unpleasant taste at first, almost as though it was salty. 86.143.54.66 01:23, 11 June 2007 (UTC)

"Most populous town in South Warwickshire"
What about Rugby? KingStrato 19:34, 8 August 2007 (UTC)

External links section
This section seems to be in danger of becoming the largest part of the article. I suggest that someone takes the time to look through WP:EL: Leamington Lemmings Ultimate Frisbee Team, Leamington Spa Chat Forum, The Kingsley School ... the section is very little more than a link farm. Which wikipedia is not supposed to be. --Malleus Fatuarum 22:24, 10 September 2007 (UTC)

Leam
Would be interesting to know (through IPA) how locals say this. Is it /lɛm/ or /lim/?
 * /lɛm/ -- which you could guess from the IPA of Leamington. I've added IPA to the river's page. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Ukslim (talk • contribs) 19:19, 16 June 2008 (UTC)

All the students I know refer to Leamington as "Leam" (pronounced as in the LEM in lemon. I personally can't stand it, it just sounds tacky. Jackacon (talk) 14:32, 10 February 2009 (UTC)

I agree - I was born in Leamington, and 'Leam' is horrible. It's an accurate statement though - lots of locals used to call it that too when I was growing up in the 70s and 80s. I wonder if anyone has a citation for this though? PondBob (talk) 16:10, 14 June 2012 (UTC)

Cubbington
On this page it says:

Cubbington - 3 km (2 miles) northeast (a large village which has become a northern suburb)

However, on the Cubbington page it says:

It is often (though incorrectly) regarded as a northern suburb of Leamington, being situated only 5 km from the town centre.

Obviously these can't BOTH be right. Which one is?

-- Elin —Preceding unsigned comment added by 90.213.91.118 (talk) 18:16, 28 May 2008 (UTC)

 * The problem is with the definition of "suburb" - Cubbington isn't part of Leamington (like Whitnash isn't), it is a separate village (as was Lillington, as is Whitnash etc etc) ok. easy. BUT if you check the definition of suburb, that is not (depending on which definition you take) an issue. Does that clear it up? Widefox (talk) 08:49, 29 May 2008 (UTC)

 * I fixed the Cubbington article to say 3 km, and I fixed the Leamington article to remove the incorrect notion that New Cubbington is a part of Leamington - it is a part of Cubbington (and Cubbington is not a part of Leamington). Widefox (talk) 15:25, 29 May 2008 (UTC)

Polish
I've added a link to the Polish language wikipedia article. I'd like to see the Polish article on the Polish wikipedia grow - please add links to Polish language sites there. Widefox (talk) 08:55, 11 July 2008 (UTC)

Aleister Crowley
Several websites show his bithplace as 30 Clarendon Sq., not 36 as it is in this article. Anyone know for sure - have the council put a plaque on the birthplace of their most famous son?

edit: having visited this dull town just the other day I can confirm that there is no plaque on either house. Pity, as it is by far the most interesting thing about this town.

86.128.98.127 (talk) 12:25, 17 September 2008 (UTC)sdrawkcab

Self promotion
Please will people who know Leamington Spa check “Leamington Spa offers a great variety of shops from the more common high street stores to the independent retailer. The main shopping centre is called the Royal Priors. It is situated between picturesque Park Street which is known as a destination for high-end independent boutiques.” I removed blatant self promotion. The author has been warned repeatedly. Proxima Centauri 2 (talk) 08:52, 4 November 2008 (UTC)
 * I just slimmed down the text for a music venue in Leamington. Widefox (talk) 11:14, 24 May 2009 (UTC)
 * I removed the same authors self promotion, and warned again. Widefox (talk) 22:35, 11 October 2009 (UTC)

merged into this article Lansdowne Crescent, Leamington Spa
Article merged: See old talk-page here Widefox (talk) 11:14, 24 May 2009 (UTC)

merged into this article Sydenham, Warwickshire
Widefox (talk) 13:09, 28 May 2009 (UTC)

Going out of fashion
The article states probably in good faith, "In the mid-19th century, spa resorts went out of fashion..." However, I'm not so sure that  this is quite so  accurate, as this is exactly  the time when Malvern, Worcestershire (not  so far  away) began its heyday as a spa town thanks to its Malvern Water, and went  on  to  become a prosperous locality - and still is, though the water cure is of course no longer popular. The dates are well documented. I've added a tag, not as a criticism, but as a flagging  for some further information. --Kudpung (talk) 13:09, 6 June 2009 (UTC)

Cleaned up and copyedited
The article has undergone a significant overhaul, section by section, to introduce an encyclopedic prose style, remove any POV,weasel words,  irrelevant items, unsubstantiated claims,  and remove redundant  material. Leamington is an important  town and the effort now is to  maintain the quality  of the article to reflect  this. Any new additions should closely conform to the Manual of Style, especially  in the way  references are used and displayed (a random check  has found at  least  one reference to  be inaccurate; it  may  be out of date, and others should be verified for accuracy. The article is now approaching  B class and any  major changes should preferably not now  be made without  discussion  on this talk page.--Kudpung (talk) 10:36, 8 August 2009 (UTC)
 * Yes, I believe that there is wiki guideline that recommends that major changes gain prior consensus on the talk page, but also there is a wiki guideline to be bold in editing. I think that if someone can improve the page with any number of minor or moderate sized edits then they should be permitted to without any constraints in having to discus it first. Even when the article is GA or FA then editors are at liberty to make edits without prior discussion, if they think they can improve the page.  Snowman (talk) 12:45, 8 August 2009 (UTC)

royal leamington spa os not known by leam by the locals the only thing called leam in leamington i leamington brakes football club :) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.16.143.101 (talk) 17:40, 12 January 2010 (UTC)

Demographics
I'd like to suggest some information on demographics. The People section could use some additional information. I went to the 2001 census info, the external links. Information such as males/females/households is all I could find. What are the cultural, ethnic, racial make up of this area or surround? Languages? Age groups? commuter population, locally employed, any additional poulous detail.I cannot find this information. These data types are helpful to obtain a vantage point of a community from another community, and another country. Thankyou18:46, 10 July 2010 (UTC)ipster11 —Preceding unsigned comment added by Ipster11 (talk • contribs)

Cite query
Why is there a citation needed after the sports section at the very bottom? Does it relate just to the Ultimate team? if so what is required as citation? The club has been going for about 4 years. Gav Newman (talk) 13:16, 25 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Citations are to support the text and are provided by reliable third party sources, such as the BBC. See WP:Cite and WP:RS for further details. I guess the cite tag was added because someone was querying the addition of the Ultimate team, but the whole section needs cites adding. Keith D (talk) 14:08, 25 November 2010 (UTC)

Warwick is not Leamington
Education section - please stop repeatedly adding schools situated in Warwick! These schools are all correctly listed at Warwick, so let me be clear Do not add these to this article: Warwick School, The King's High School For Girls, Myton School and Aylesford School. Widefox (talk) 13:42, 16 June 2011 (UTC)
 * Added schools too which Leamington is in the priority area of. Twopenneth (talk) 21:11, 21 June 2011 (UTC)
 * User:Kudpung has removed the name of the specific school referenced and implied to me on my talkpage that it isn't factual, and asked me not to add it again). Could we have an explanation here of the logic behind the removal, and the reasons for not adding it, and all the other similar schools please. Twopenneth (talk) 06:59, 22 June 2011 (UTC)
 * See the comments by Widefox above. If you  wish for a broader participation  in  the discussion,  you  might  try  WT:WPSCH. --Kudpung กุดผึ้ง (talk) 11:29, 22 June 2011 (UTC)
 * I saw Widefox's comments. They don't give any reason for not adding schools outside of Leamington, but which Leamington is in the catchment area of.  This isn't a point about schools, but about what is relevant and valid to add to an article about Leamington.  I'd say that listing the schools which Leamington is in the catchment areas of is perfectly valid.  If we say they're out of the scope because they are located outside the town boundary, then we'd have to exclude mention of other "facilities" outside of the boundary such as the M40, Birmingham Airport, etc.  If a school is provided specifically for children of the town to use, then I think that it needs to be included in the article.  Where's the consensus to keep it out? Twopenneth (talk) 11:51, 22 June 2011 (UTC)

I think I've found the solution now. I've added sub-sections: one for the schools in the town and one for the schools used by the town. The best of both worlds. Twopenneth (talk) 12:50, 22 June 2011 (UTC)

Article content
[Copied here from User talk:Twopenneth because it's about this article]

This article is about Leamington Spa. It contains a diverse range of information about the town. I added information about which schools have Leamington in their catchment area - that is entirely relevant. If, as you seem to be insisting, that information only belongs in the article about the school itself, would you apply that same logic to the inclusion here about Birmingham Airport? Should all references to Birmingham Airport be removed from other articles, and a section added to the Birmingham Airport article listing all the cities, towns, villages and hamlets in its catchment area? I think that you are wrong on this one. Twopenneth (talk) 10:27, 23 June 2011 (UTC)

 * If Leamington had an airport your analogy might be valid whether to list outside airports, and I would so no to listing them too. The problem is that you want to list Heathrow, Gatwick, Stansted. These are all airports used by people in Leamington. Maybe it would be handy to list them all, but it is overemphasis. Wikipedia should not be a userguide for school selection, or airport selection. We should be factual about which schools are in which towns. Anything else is nice, if it isn't overemphasis. My opinion is that it is. Why just schools - you would open the floodgates to so many overlapping articles. Widefox (talk) 10:49, 23 June 2011 (UTC)
 * (merge from edit conflict)

 * The reason is clear - the topic of the article. Leamington is in the area for many other articles but none of them should be listed in Leamington, especially when this confuses the location of the school. The subsections are both ugly and redundant - with schools listed in both. If the heading size could at least be made simpler then they might be worthy of keeping. I still do not like that at all, and further to my comment on talk, these issues are pertinent to the schools, and should be listed on the schools articles. Agree WT:WPSCH is the place. The real problem here is an overemphasis on schools in the article. If the topic of schools in the area is notable it should have its own article, just like the "metropoloitan area of Leamington and Warwick" that I also deleted. Where is the limit? should grammar schools in Coventry be listed too?!  Widefox (talk) 10:49, 23 June 2011 (UTC)
 * Myton School specifically mentions Leamington - does Birmingham Airport? I don't want to add Gatwick, but if it was reserved primarily for the use of Leamingtonians I might, would you argue that even then it shouldn't be mentioned?  If there is a Coventry school which lists Leamington as within its priority area then of course we should mention it.  What I added is factual and yes, we could streamline the sections a little - but this article shouldn't be a directory of establishments located in Leamington, but an article about Leamington, including the schools provided for it. Twopenneth (talk) 11:09, 23 June 2011 (UTC)
 * This has been an ongoing issue with this article due to the proximity of Leamington and Warwick. I have removed these duplicated sections in the two articles, and added about cross-links between to help. Note WP is not a guide for schooling. Please gain consensus before re-adding schools outside of each topic (Leamington and Warwick). You may want to take up discussion as suggested above. Widefox (talk) 11:16, 23 June 2011 (UTC)
 * I just restored it, you didn't mention why you'd removed it in the edit summary, so I assumed as we hadn't finished this discussion yet, that it was an error.  By all means streamline it, but don't delete whilst the discussion is ongoing, and wait to see what the consensus is. Twopenneth (talk) 11:24, 23 June 2011 (UTC)
 * No I mentioned correctly in my edit summary (and verbosely here) about the reasoning given here (and in my edit on Warwick), please gain consensus here before adding schools outside of the articles. You are editing outside of consensus here, and directly in defiance of the html warning not to do so specifically about this issue. Please refrain now. Your inclusions have not gained consensus here, and you are engaging in edit warring. What did you not like about the cross links? Widefox (talk) 11:38, 23 June 2011 (UTC)
 * You didn't mention in the edit summary that you removed content from the education section. The schools are within the article scope - consensus is needed, and a strong justification, to exclude factually accurate and related information.  What is the authority of the html warning, and what is the process for creating such warnings, and who is empwered to enforce them?  Surely it takes at least two to war - are you admitting to being a party to an edit war? Twopenneth (talk) 11:49, 23 June 2011 (UTC)

It looks like you would benefit from an outside opinion. I think it is entirely relevant to mention in the education section schools located within the town and schools outside the town that provide education to its pupils. Myton School's priority area map clearly shows a large section of Leamington so it should be included it within this article. --Simple Boba.k.a. The Spaminator (Talk) 08:04, 24 June 2011 (UTC)
 * As a complete outsider (I'm from the US), I would agree with keeping the information on the outside schools in this case. IMHO, an article about a place should be about the place itself as much as the residents of the place. If there is an important facility outside the place to the lives and culture of the place, it should be mentioned in the article. To omit such information would leave the article less than complete. Think about the audience. Folks from outside the UK who are reading this article about a foreign place are trying to get a picture of the place. By not including important relationships with nearby places, makes the place seem like as island. Most places in the world are not really like that. --Arg342 (talk) 11:09, 24 June 2011 (UTC)
 * I have to agree with the above that schools relevant to the place but not actually in the place should be mentioned as well. If the catchment area for a school covers areas of Leamington or significant number of pupils attend a school outside of Leamington then they are relevant and you would expect these schools to be mentioned here. Keith D (talk) 21:44, 25 June 2011 (UTC)

Silicon Spa
I restored some less major companies that were removed (a source listing them would help), and in the source Audiomotion is mentioned as part of the area, but according to their website they are based in Wheatley (formerly in Oxford), so I left them off. Widefox ; talk 13:53, 18 October 2013 (UTC)

Famous people from Leamington
The list is getting very long and it has it's own category page now. Might just remove all the people in the list from the article page leaving the link to the category. Any thoughts? Cls14 (talk) 10:37, 1 April 2014 (UTC)
 * May be better to move to a separate list article rather than just a category, you can at least have a short description of the person and supply a reference. Keith D (talk) 12:24, 1 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Not a bad idea. Thanks Cls14 (talk) 12:50, 16 April 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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Requested move 15 September 2016

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: page moved. (non-admin closure) GeoffreyT2000  ( talk,  contribs ) 01:01, 23 September 2016 (UTC)

Royal Leamington Spa → Leamington Spa – Per WP:COMMONNAME. The official name of the town may well be Royal Leamington Spa, but in common parlance, most sources and people refer to it simply as Leamington Spa (or even just plain Leamington sometimes, but that title is a dab page). Here is an NGRAM showing the two terms: []. Now obviously "Royal Leamington Spa" hits will also register for "Leamington Spa", but since LS is many orders of magnitude higher than RLS in the NGRAM, it clearly shows that it's still the heavily favoured form in books. This issue was actually discussed above, at the top of this page, between 2003-05, and a rough consensus emerged to use the shorter form, but it was then changed back to the longer form without discussion in 2010. — Amakuru (talk) 13:07, 15 September 2016 (UTC)
 * Support Per WP:COMMONNAME. Hardly anyone calls it 'Royal' Leamington Spa. As you say, no discussion about moving it. G-13114 (talk) 15:44, 15 September 2016 (UTC)
 * Support commonname so obvious that I'm surprised it hasn't moved itself by now. Royal Tunbridge Wells is clearly posher than us, and Royal Wootton Bassett can fend for itself. Widefox ; talk 11:11, 16 September 2016 (UTC)
 * you're from Leamington yourself are you? I grew up there as it happens, although living in London now. And like you, I don't recall the "Royal" ever being used in normal conversations, other than perhaps by the mayor, and by the Royal Leamington Spa Bach Choir etc... Most of my friends just say "Leam" when referring to the place. — Amakuru (talk) 15:30, 16 September 2016 (UTC)
 * Hi, OK it's true..I grew up here too and am here again! I imagine the commonname is "Leamington Spa" with "Leamington" in second place. I see the front page of WDC mentions it as "Leamington" although their postal address is "Leamington Spa". The town council which includes "Royal" and "Spa" doesn't even stick to always using them,  using both "Leamington Spa" and "Leamington", although regaining it's composure with the unusual address "Royal Leamington Spa". An official tourist site what's on page also uses the highly uncommon "RLS" (which is just odd), and our dab RLS links it (although it technically shouldn't unless we add it in a section to cover such variants).  Widefox ; talk 17:04, 16 September 2016 (UTC)
 * ..That's the "Royal", but in terms of "Spa"...the usage is the opposite of the similar local comparison of Cheltenham vs Cheltenham Spa. eg. "Cheltenham Borough" council uses just "Cheltenham", and just like Bath it has a "Spa" station. Widefox ; talk 17:19, 16 September 2016 (UTC)

 * Support per WP:COMMONNAME. Cavarrone 20:06, 18 September 2016 (UTC)
 * Support. By far the commonest name. I live just up the road and people round here never, ever call it Royal Leamington Spa (in fact, as already stated, they most commonly refer to it as "Leamington" or "Leam", but that's by the by, as I think most people in Britain would add the "Spa" at the end, but not the "Royal" at the beginning). -- Necrothesp (talk) 15:32, 20 September 2016 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

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Infobox photo

I came to discuss the change of the infobox image on the Leamington Spa article. I disagree with the image change that did here.

The current image is too dark and dull compare to the one previously. The previous photo gave a more recent impression of what Leamington Spa is today, rather then what it was in 2005. Thoughts? --Vauxford (talk) 14:29, 26 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Vauxford: While I agree with you that the changed image is not an improvement (the car spoils the composition), I don't particularly love the previous one either for representing the town. It just seems to mostly show tarmac and a weird sort of tunnel effect. There's plenty of pretty scenes at Category:Royal Leamington Spa and its subcats to consider. Rcsprinter123   (gossip)  14:46, 26 August 2020 (UTC)

 * Reason why the photograph is at that location since it at the centre of Royal Leamington Spa. The Parade is the most recognised part of the town in my opinion, alongside the Victorian pump rooms. --Vauxford (talk) 15:17, 26 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Maybe this or this. Just a bit more interesting than a load of road. Rcsprinter123   (chew)  15:38, 26 August 2020 (UTC)

 * The previous photo might show road, but it also shows the line of shops and the architecture of the building while depicting what the roads are like as of 2018. --Vauxford (talk) 16:08, 26 August 2020 (UTC)
 * I'd go with Rcsprinter123's first alternative. Neither of the two previous versions are very good, either photographically or as a representation of the town. Murgatroyd49 (talk) 18:21, 26 August 2020 (UTC)

 * I actually agree neither are that brilliant, I thought my replacement was lighter and less dull than the first one. Rdsprinter123's first image was actually used as the lead picture at one time, but it was changed. this is another possible replacement. G-13114 (talk) 23:11, 26 August 2020 (UTC)

 * Well I can't really say much about it since I took that one myself. But it up to you and other to decide if it a nice recent example of The Parade buildings. --Vauxford (talk) 23:18, 26 August 2020 (UTC)

Fire
There has recently been a fire at this place, and i would like it if someone with more skill then me were to write the section about the fire. 56independent/notacoworcatTalk 22:56, 27 August 2021 (UTC)
 * The fire is in the news today, but not that big a deal in the grand scheme of things. It might deserve a sentence or two but not more than that. — Amakuru (talk) 23:59, 27 August 2021 (UTC)

AfD
Articles for deletion/Parade, Leamington Spa may be of interest. Pam D  14:36, 29 May 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Leamington Spa


text:
Zalaegerszeg

Zalaegerszeg (Jegersek; Jageršek; Egersee) is the administrative center of Zala county in western Hungary.

Location
Zalaegerszeg lies on the banks of the Zala River, close to the Slovenian and Austrian borders, and 220 km west-southwest of Budapest by road.

History
The area was already inhabited in the Upper Paleolithic, according to archaeological findings (the oldest ones in Zala county). Later, the area was inhabited by Celts.

The first written mentions of the town are as Egerscug (1247) and Egerszeg (1293); the name means "alder-tree corner" and is probably a reference to the town's situation in the angle where two rivers meet. King Béla IV donated the town to the diocese of Veszprém in 1266, so that it became Church property. As Egerszeg lay somewhat distant from Veszprém, however, the taxes paid by the town often ended up in the pockets of such local oligarchs as the Kőszegi family.

In the 14th century, Egerszeg was the largest town of the area. Between 1368 and 1389, it was a royal town for a short time, then Sigismund I donated it to the Kanizsai family who traded it for another town with the bishop of Veszprém. Zalaegerszeg remained their property until 1848.

In 1381, the town built a stone church. In 1421, Egerszeg was granted oppidum status, which meant they could pay taxes once a year and the citizens could elect their own judge. The population grew quickly, and by the 16th century, Egerszeg became the de facto centre of Zala comitatus.

In the 1530s, development was brought to a halt. Taking advantage of the power of the king being weakened, the owners of the surrounding lands attacked the town often, and the Ottomans already began to occupy Hungary after the Battle of Mohács in 1526. From 1568, the town was fortified, a castle was built. The Ottomans attacked the town for the first time in the late 1570s, but they failed to capture it.

After Kanizsa fell to the Ottomans, the strategic importance of Egerszeg grew, but the castle was severely damaged in 1616 and captured by the Ottomans for a short time in 1664. The citizens suffered not only from the war, but from plagues and heavy taxes as well.

Egerszeg, even though it was on the periphery of the comitatus, became its capital in the 18th century, mostly because the councils were always held there, because of its importance in the Ottoman times and because it wasn't the estate of a local lord, unlike the other towns in Zala. The county hall was built between 1730 and 1732 in Baroque style, and for a long time it was the only significant building of the town. In the 1760s a large church and a barracks was built. Most of the citizens still did not own stone-built houses, and fires often destroyed the town, until 1826, when stone buildings were built.

Until the early 19th century, there were only a few craftsmen and merchants in the town, because they had to pay taxes to the bishop who owned the city. By the 1830s 10% of the residents of the mostly Catholic town were Jewish, but even they did not give a boost to trade. Because of this, even though the town was the centre of administration, economically and culturally it was not really important. Even though it had about 3,500 residents, it had only two primary schools. The cultural centres of the comitatus were Kanizsa and Keszthely.

Zalaegerszeg played only a minor role in the revolution and freedom fight in 1848–49. In 1870, it lost its town status and became a village, which meant a decrease in prestige, even more so since Nagykanizsa kept its town status. On 31 May 1885 Zalaegerszeg became a town again. In 1887, the village of Ola was annexed to the town. In 1890, the railway line between Ukk and Csáktornya (now Čakovec) connected Zalaegerszeg to the railway system of the country. In 1895, several new buildings were built, including a new secondary school, a town hall, a hotel, a nursery school and a brick factory, but the town ran into debt and the mayor, Károly Kovács, had to resign. His successor, Lajos Botfy, decreased the debt and could continue the development of the town, but in the early 20th century Zalaegerszeg was still behind the other county seats in many ways. The representative at the Hungarian Parliament József Farkas de Boldogfa was a person of deep catholic and monarchist convictions, although he was a very tolerant and also responsible Parliament Representative: On December 12, 1901, József Farkas de Boldogfa led a delegation to Budapest to meet Baron Gyula Wlassics de Zalánkemén (1852–1937) Minister of Religion and Education to seek his support for building a Synagogue on Zalaegerszeg, relying on the fact that the minister, as a Zalaegerszeg native, is well aware of the situation of the local Jews' community. A couple of years after these negotiations the Synagogue of Zalaegerszeg was finished in 1904.

The 1920s brought prosperity again; new buildings included the new post office, the railway station, the office of the fire department, the police headquarters, the monastery of the Notre Dame Order and a synagogue in Baroque style.

The most significant loss in World War II was the deportation of the 1221 Jewish citizens to Auschwitz. The city was freed from the Nazis by the Red Army on 28 March 1945. In the next local elections in 1949, the local branch of the Communist party got only about 10% of the vote, but they still became the leaders of the city.

The 1950s brought important changes. Zalaegerszeg got a more industrial profile with the construction of the textile factory and the discovery of oil resources in 1952. The railway line was expanded, too. Many workers were commuting from the nearby villages, because it was almost impossible to find a flat in the city, so several residents of Zalaegerszeg (mostly those who were considered to be opposed to the Socialist system) were forced to relocate.

The citizens took part in the revolution in 1956. The revolution in the city began on 26 October. The communist local government fled to Körmend, and until the arrival of the Soviet troops (November 4) the city was governed by the Revolutionary Council.

In the 1960s and 1970s, the city experienced a demographic explosion. Several new flats were built, new residents moved into them, and the growing city absorbed many surrounding villages (Csácsbozsok, Botfa, Zalabesenyő, Bazita, Andráshida, and Pózva). Albeit at a slower pace, it continues to expand toward the settlements of Bocfölde and Bagod.

After the end of Socialism, Zalaegerszeg wasn't affected by economic recession as much as other cities were. The 1990s brought dynamic development to the city.

Zalaegerszeg hosted the 1983 World Orienteering Championships. In 2001, Zalaegerszeg hosted the Central European Olympiad in Informatics (CEOI). Zalaegerszeg also hosted the 2004 European Women's Handball Championship preliminary round, the 2005 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship and the 2005 European Fencing Championships.

Climate
Zalaegerszeg's climate is classified as oceanic climate (Köppen Cfb). The annual average temperature is 10.6 C, the hottest month in July is 20.9 C, and the coldest month is 0.0 C in January. The annual precipitation is 633.9 mm, of which June is the wettest with 80.0 mm, while January is the driest with only 21.0 mm. The extreme temperature throughout the year ranged from -20.4 C on February 10, 1996, to 38.1 C on August 8, 2013.

Main sights

 * Roman Catholic church (Baroque)
 * Old county hall (18th century)
 * Hevesi Sándor Theatre
 * Göcsej Museum and open-air museum
 * Museum of Oil Industry
 * Kisfaludi Strobl collection
 * Bazita Peak TV Tower

Sport

 * Zalaegerszegi TE, local football team
 * Zalakeramia-ZTE KK Professional Basketball team

Demographics
In 2001, Zalaegerszeg had 61,654 inhabitants (95.5% Hungarian, 1% Romani, 0.4% German...). The distribution of religions were, 71.1% Roman Catholic, 3.8% Calvinist, 1.6% Lutheran, 11.6% Atheist (2001 census).

Politics
The current mayor of Zalaegerszeg is Zoltán Balaicz (Fidesz-KDNP).

The local Municipal Assembly, elected at the 2019 local government elections, is made up of 18 members (1 Mayor, 12 Individual constituencies MEPs and 5 Compensation List MEPs) divided into this political parties and alliances:

Notable people

 * Ferenc Deák (1803–1876), member of parliament, minister of justice
 * László Dús (born 1941), artist
 * Miklós Gábor (1919–1998), actor
 * Dezső Keresztury (1904–1996), critic, literary historian
 * Zsigmond Kisfaludi Strobl (1884–1975), sculptor
 * Károly Kovács (1839–1904), mayor
 * József Mindszenty (1892–1975), cardinal, archbishop of Esztergom
 * Lajos Portisch (born 1937), chess player
 * Gyula Wlassics (1852–1937), minister of education
 * Lajos Vajda (1908–1941), painter
 * László Andor (*1966), EU commissioner

Twin towns – sister cities

Zalaegerszeg is twinned with:

 * 🇷🇴 Baraolt, Romania
 * 🇺🇦 Berehove, Ukraine
 * 🇧🇬 Dobrich, Bulgaria
 * 🇮🇹 Gorizia, Italy
 * 🇺🇦 Kherson, Ukraine
 * 🇦🇹 Klagenfurt, Austria
 * 🇵🇱 Krosno, Poland
 * 🇩🇪 Kusel, Germany
 * 🇸🇮 Lendava, Slovenia
 * 🇩🇪 Marl, Germany

 * 🇷🇺 Surgut, Russia
 * 🇷🇴 Târgu Mureş, Romania
 * Varaždin, Croatia
 * 🇫🇮 Varkaus, Finland
 * 🇧🇦 Zenica, Bosnia and Herzegovina

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Zalaegerszeg


text:
Talk:Bali

Hm
"Balinese Hinduism is deeply interwoven with art and ritual, and is less preoccupied with scripture, law, and belief than Islam in Indonesia"

This makes it seem as if the islam in the rest of indonesia (java, sumatra) is followed like it should. This is not the case, there are many occasions where the common indonesian follows ancient traditions instead of islamic law etc. 81.68.255.36 (talk) 00:28, 22 July 2010 (UTC)

 * Most of Balinese came to Bali Island after Islam entered Java. Beside is culture and religion, supposed many Balinese are craftmens from previous Hindu Palace in Java Island. With domination of Hinduism of Balinese people (a few Balinese are Muslim), so for centuries, the culture in Bali is still same.Gsarwa (talk) 06:38, 18 November 2016 (UTC)

Greece
"Bali received the Best Island award from Travel and Leisure in 2010. [31] The island of Bali won because of its attractive surroundings (both mountain and coastal areas), diverse tourist attractions, excellent international and local restaurants, and the friendliness of the local people. According to BBC Travel released in 2011, Bali is one of the World's Best Islands, rank in second after Greece.[32]"

Greece is not an island. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.76.66.70 (talk) 10:36, 12 October 2012 (UTC)

 * Every institution has own categories. The category maybe island and mainland, but the other institution category maybe mixed it. Most of Greece certainly mainland, but Greece has also several islands and even previous ship tycoon Onassis has an own island.Gsarwa (talk) 06:46, 18 November 2016 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: page not moved. Malcolmxl5 (talk) 01:18, 12 January 2013 (UTC)

Bali → Bali Province – The name is Provinsi Bali. The article is about the province. If there is a primary topic it would maybe be Bali Island. But that is a separate debate and can be solved later. Furthermore, except for the Philippines, all other provinces in the ASEAN area use the full name, "Foo Province". A redirect can be left for now. AsianGeographer (talk) 23:14, 4 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Evidence for full name usage: 1) ASEAN provinces: Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam 2) ASEAN non-province countries: Burma (regions, states), Brunei (districts), Singapore (CDC and regions). 3) Asia provinces: Afghanistan, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Provinces of Iran, North Korea, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Japan. AsianGeographer (talk) 23:14, 4 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Oppose per WP:COMMONNAME. — Crisco 1492 (talk) 23:27, 4 January 2013 (UTC)
 * But "Bali" is the common name for the island, not for the province. AsianGeographer (talk) 23:39, 4 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Oppose. Wikipedia's naming policy requires us to use the common name. The name that is most easily recognisable by the most number of people. WP:NAME and WP:UCN. The only reason to add the word "province" would be to disambiguate between two articles - which in this case is not necessary. Showing some examples of the usage you support doesn't convince me. There are many counter examples for using the current usage. Ie, in Indonesia: Central Java, West Java, East Java, and a number of other provinces. What about New South Wales and other Australian states? Texas? --Merbabu (talk) 23:28, 4 January 2013 (UTC)
 * There is no New South Wales Island. But there are many other meanings for Bali. And the primary meaning is the island, if there is any. AsianGeographer (talk) 23:39, 4 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Oppose per Crisco and Merbabu SatuSuro 23:30, 4 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Their reasoning is not correct, since the primary meaning, if there is any, is the island, not the province. AsianGeographer (talk) 23:39, 4 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Indeed, Bali is a province and an island. But for intents and purposes they are 99% interchangeable and congruous. There is no practical or effective reason to split them up. that just creates confusion, especially the way you are doing it. And you have no consensus. so please achieve that first before continuing. thank you --Merbabu (talk) 23:45, 4 January 2013 (UTC)
 * And it is much more, see Bali (disambiguation). If you ask people outside Indonesia, they would maybe say Bali is an island. The province is just not the primary meaning. I think it is inappropriate that only the view of people closely related to Indonesia is taken into account when the determination of the primary meaning is done. Other example: Taiwan Island vs. Taiwan Province. AsianGeographer (talk) 23:50, 4 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Friends travelled to Bali recently. "We're going to Bali" mean 2 nights in Ubud, 1 night in Seminyak, and 7 days in Nusa Lambongan which they understood was part of Bali. --Merbabu (talk) 23:52, 4 January 2013 (UTC)
 * It is inappropriate to only use friends of certain editors to determine the primary topic. What about friends from Ethiopia, India, ... AsianGeographer (talk) 23:54, 4 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Sorry, I don't understand what you are saying. Please refer to my comments above. Nusa Lambongan is widely understood to be part of Bali. --Merbabu (talk) 23:56, 4 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Part of Provinsi Bali, but not part of Pulau Bali. And if you ask my father, he wouldn't know what Nusa Lambongan is. But he would probably know that Bali is an island. Some years ago, I didn't know Indonesia has provinces, but for many more years, I knew that it has island. On each globe one can see island, satellite images show islands. They don't show provinces. And the provinces exist for less than 100 years. For how long do the islands exist? Please see Bali (disambiguation), there you find meanings of "Bali" related to India, Ethiopia, Bhutan, Cameroon, Nigeria, Taiwan. AsianGeographer (talk) 00:31, 5 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Sorry, but your argument doesn't convince me. There is no benefit gained. People may be ignorant of Indonesian provinces, or the status of Bali, but that can be easily explained in the Bali article - creating new articles doesn't help that. --Merbabu (talk) 00:39, 5 January 2013 (UTC)
 * The one has to read the article first. If the names are clear, the type of topic is explained by the title already. "Bali Province" would be about a province and "Bali Island" about an island. The province is a recent creation, the island is much older. And likely they will disappear in the order: province first, island later. AsianGeographer (talk) 06:45, 6 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Oppose - while I agree with AsianGeographer that the main topic for the name "Bali" is the island, not the administrative division, this article focuses so heavily on the island itself (for example, the "history" section is about the island's history, not the province's) that it would be unhelpful to move it - we'd have to move the vast majority of the content back into the island article. Huon (talk) 00:08, 5 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Not to mention what I'm guessing are 100s or 1000s of links throughout wikipedia that will have to be changed. --Merbabu (talk) 00:12, 5 January 2013 (UTC)
 * If the history is in the wrong article, it should be moved to the right article -- 76.65.128.43 (talk) 06:19, 7 January 2013 (UTC)

 * Oppose This is extremely similar to the discussion currently going on at Talk:Autonomous Republic of Crimea, which looks like it will be moving back to Crimea, so I'll repeat what I said in that discussion.  The naming conventions specifically deal with this sort of case.  We are advised to use France, not French Republic; Italy, not Italian Republic; and Germany, not Federal Republic of Germany.  Crimea falls into the same pattern.  So does Bali.  The case of Taiwan quoted above is somewhat different, as Taiwan, the country, is not the same as Taiwan Province.  The country includes Taiwan Province and Fujian Province, even though the latter consists of just a few islands which were formerly part of Fujian, which is now part of China.  The article at Bali Island is a content fork, and should be merged back into this article.  Skinsmoke (talk) 00:14, 5 January 2013 (UTC)
 * This is not correct: The primary topic for France is the country - not the case for Bali and the province. I didn't say that Taiwan the country is the same as the province. If you re-read, you see I didn't mention the country of Taiwan at all. I mentioned Taiwan Island and Taiwan Province. Fujian Province has nothing to do with that. Please check the corresponding articles. AsianGeographer (talk) 01:29, 5 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Sorry, but how do you figure that the primary topic for "Bali" is not, um, "Bali"? --Merbabu (talk) 01:32, 5 January 2013 (UTC)
 * I don't figure that out. But I see no evidence that the province is the primary topic for the term "Bali". I personally would assume the most common meaning is the island. But it could be equal with the province. That means there is no primary topic at all, like for Washington. Even if one common name for Washington DC is "Washington". AsianGeographer (talk) 06:40, 6 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Oppose As per WP:UCN. -Kai445 (talk) 08:45, 5 January 2013 (UTC)
 * And where is the prove that the primary topic for that ambiguous name is the province? AsianGeographer (talk) 06:40, 6 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Oppose as per WP:COMMONNAME. Yogwi21 talk 13:21, 5 January 2013 (UTC)
 * And where is the prove that the primary topic for that ambiguous name is the province? AsianGeographer (talk) 06:40, 6 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Support per nom. WP:PRIMARYTOPIC is the Island, and the WP:COMMONNAME of the island is "Bali", so Bali Island should be renamed to Bali, and the province should be renamed to Bali Province -- 76.65.128.43 (talk) 06:18, 7 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Hmm... — Crisco 1492 (talk) 07:07, 7 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Even if there was a separate article for Isle of Bali, I would think that the province Bali would be the primary topic, and the most common name. As it is right now, this article covers both (This article is about the Indonesian island., Bali is a province in the country of Indonesia. The province covers a few small neighbouring islands as well as the isle of Bali.) Apteva (talk) 02:50, 8 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Comment the island article has been merged into this article, so the situation has become moot. I think the cache fell behind when I checked it before. (sometimes it seems to show things a week or two out of date) -- 76.65.128.43 (talk) 07:05, 8 January 2013 (UTC)
 * For your information, the island article was created after this move request, by the author of the move request. --Merbabu (talk) 07:12, 8 January 2013 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

Possible copyright problem
This article has been revised as part of a large-scale clean-up project of multiple article copyright infringement. (See the investigation subpage) Earlier text must not be restored, unless it can be verified to be free of infringement. For legal reasons, Wikipedia cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or printed material; such additions must be deleted. Contributors may use sources as a source of information, but not as a source of sentences or phrases. Accordingly, the material may be rewritten, but only if it does not infringe on the copyright of the original or plagiarize from that source. Please see our guideline on non-free text for how to properly implement limited quotations of copyrighted text. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously. Diannaa (talk) 22:39, 6 July 2014 (UTC)

No mention of 'Climate'
There is no information of any kind about the climate or weather, which is what I came to the page looking for.Blurryman (talk) 22:20, 12 May 2015 (UTC)

 * Right now Bali is quite good. I will attempt to create suitably referenced climate section for this article.--TheroadtoWiganPier (talk) 14:33, 27 June 2015 (UTC)

Possible plagiarism (and dead source link)
This sounds like plagiarism, but the link is dead so I can't tell for sure:

"Tens of thousands of single women throng the beaches of Bali in Indonesia every year. For decades, young Balinese men have taken advantage of the louche and laid-back atmosphere to find love and lucre from female tourists—Japanese, European and Australian for the most part—who by all accounts seem perfectly happy with the arrangement."

Here's the (currently unreachable) reference given: http://asiasentinel.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2440&Itemid=202

The exact same text appears in Prostitution in Indonesia and Female sex tourism.

--Allen (talk) 20:21, 16 February 2016 (UTC)

Sex tourism section removed
I really do not see what it added to the article, considering no other article about Indonesian provinces has a section about it. --Toomanyaccountsargh (talk) 11:50, 18 July 2016 (UTC)
 * I repeat, I do not see the value in having a section about sex tourism when no other article about an Indonesian province does. --Toomanyaccountsargh (talk) 12:31, 18 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Agreed... maybe this issue is better addressed in Prostitution in Indonesia article, since actually prostitution in Indonesia is not monopolized by the Bali province.  Gunkarta  talk 12:33, 18 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Thirded. The entire inclusion of that section was a direct dig at me. I'm surprised it lasted this long. — Chris Woodrich (talk) 12:53, 18 July 2016 (UTC)

Grammar in "Caste systems"
Why is Present Perfect used there? Isn't the section talking about "pre-modern Bali"?--Adûnâi (talk) 10:04, 30 November 2017 (UTC)

British divers films sea of plastic rubbish off Bali
[] Sonna.j (talk) 16:04, 7 March 2018 (UTC)

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 * Garuda Wisnu Kencana Bali.jpg

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 * Coat of Arms of East Nusa Tenggara NEW.png

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 * A best architectural mix (26004445313).jpg

Conflicting Religion statistics
In the Religion infobox section, the data there represents that 91.97% of Bali practices Hinduism. This is conflicting with the information in the lede, stating:

> Bali is the only Hindu-majority province in Indonesia, with 86.9% of the population adhering to Balinese Hinduism.

The claim made in the infobox cites a 2018 stats tracking website, while the claim made in the lede cites a 2010 census which is used for almost all other population statistics in the article.  paulie snug  (message / contribs) 20:20, 2 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bali


text:
Hawaii Bowl

The Hawaiʻi Bowl is a college football bowl game that has been played in the Honolulu, Hawaii, area since 2002. The game was originally held at Aloha Stadium in Halawa, Hawaii, a suburb of Honolulu, before moving to the Clarence T. C. Ching Athletics Complex in 2022. The bowl is one of the post-season contests run by ESPN Events. Typically played on or near Christmas Eve, the bowl normally features a team from the Mountain West Conference, playing a team from either the American Athletic Conference or Conference USA. Since the 2021 edition of the bowl, it is sponsored by EasyPost. Previous sponsors include ConAgra Foods (2002) and Sheraton Hotels and Resorts Hawaii (2003–2013), and SoFi (2018–2019).

For practical and logistical reasons, the Mountain West Conference's tie-in is automatically allocated to the Hawaii Rainbow Warriors if the team is bowl-eligible, and was not selected to play in a New Year's Six (or previously, BCS) bowl game. This means that the Rainbow Warriors do not have to travel to the mainland for a bowl game unless it is of significant importance. As a result of this practice, the Rainbow Warriors have made the most appearances in the game, at nine.

The 2020 edition of the bowl was cancelled in October due to the COVID-19 pandemic and related travel restrictions. The 2021 edition was canceled the day before kickoff, after the Rainbow Warriors withdrew "citing COVID-19 issues within the program in addition to injuries and transfers."

Bowl games in Hawaii
The Hawaii Bowl is not affiliated with other bowl games previously staged in Hawaii: the Poi Bowl (1936–1939), Pineapple Bowl (1940–1941, 1947–1952), Aloha Bowl (1982–2000), and Oahu Bowl (1998–2000), or the Hula Bowl all-star game (1960–2008, and resuming in 2020). While the Aloha Bowl tried to move to San Francisco, California, and was decertified by the NCAA, the Oahu Bowl was moved to Seattle, Washington, and was held for two years as the Seattle Bowl before losing certification in 2002.

Game history
In its first year, the Hawai'i Bowl was sponsored by ConAgra Foods. The following year, Sheraton Hotels and Resorts Hawaii assumed sponsorship; the game's full name was changed to the Sheraton Hawai'i Bowl until Sheraton declined to renew sponsorship in 2014. In 2018, SoFi signed on as title sponsor of the game which is officially known as the SoFi Hawai'i Bowl.

The current Mountain West tie-in was held by the Western Athletic Conference (WAC) until 2012, when the WAC ceased sponsoring college football, and Hawaii moved to the Mountain West.

The first two editions were played on the Aloha Bowl's traditional Christmas Day date, but ESPN's acquisition of NBA rights came with the league's Christmas Day games, thus the game moved to Christmas Eve after 2004 in most years.

The 2005 appearance of the UCF Knights at the Hawaii Bowl was the first ever bowl game in that school's history. In 2006, the Pac-10 replaced Conference USA (C-USA) as the WAC's opposition, with C-USA as an alternate. Since Christmas Eve fell on a Monday in 2007, the game was scheduled for the night prior (December 23) to avoid a conflict with Monday Night Football (also on ESPN). In 2008, the bowl organizers selected Notre Dame as an at-large bid, marking the first time an independent played in the contest. C-USA again became a primary tie-in starting in 2009. The 2011 game featured the C-USA champion for the first time, as Southern Mississippi played instead of going to the Liberty Bowl, where the C-USA champion typically played at the time. The bowl featured the Mountain West champion for the first time in 2015, as San Diego State played instead of going to the Las Vegas Bowl, where the Mountain West champion typically plays.

Between 2002 and 2018, C-USA sent a team to the bowl 12 times, registering an 8–4 record. In 2019, the American Athletic Conference (The American) superseded C-USA as the primary tie-in to face a Mountain West team (or independent BYU).

On October 2, ESPN Events announced that the 2020 edition of the bowl game had been canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

On August 10, 2021 EasyPost was announced as the new sponsor of the bowl. On December 23, 2021, the game was cancelled for the second consecutive season, after the Rainbow Warriors withdrew due to injuries and COVID-19 issues within the team.

(2011)
To celebrate the tenth anniversary of the Hawai'i Bowl, the Honolulu Star-Advertiser, in conjunction with the bowl game, allowed fans to vote on a tenth anniversary team. Nine players were selected by a public vote, and an additional seven players were picked by a panel of sportswriters and organizers. The team was announced on December 16, 2011.

Game results
Source:

MVPs
The bowl named an MVP from each team from inception through the 2019 edition.

Source:

Since the 2022 playing, the award—given to a single player—has been known as the Hugh Yoshida Most Valuable Player Award, honoring a former athletic director at the University of Hawai'i.

Most appearances
Updated through the December 2023 edition (20 games, 40 total appearances).

Won (9): Coastal Carolina, East Carolina, Louisiana Tech, Notre Dame, Oregon State, Rice, Southern Miss, Tulane, Tulsa Lost (6): Arizona State, BYU, Cincinnati, San Jose State, UAB, UCF
 * Teams with multiple appearances
 * Teams with a single appearance

Appearances by conference
Updated through the December 2023 edition (20 games, 40 total appearances).

 * The record of the Pac-12 includes appearances when the conference was known as the Pac-10 (before 2011).
 * The WAC no longer sponsors FBS football.
 * Independent appearances: Notre Dame (2008), BYU (2019)

Game records
Source:

Media coverage
The bowl has been televised on ESPN since its inception.

title: Hawaii Bowl


text:
User talk:Klaask

Hello new user and welcome to Wikipedia. A few tips for you:

 * Peruse Welcome, newcomers and associated pages
 * Sign talk page entries with ~, which is automatically converted to a name and date
 * Ask questions on Village pump
 * Have fun.

-- Alexandros 12:45, 2 Dec 2003 (UTC)

title: User talk:Klaask


text:
Talk:Trojan Room coffee pot

Client-Server in X
I just added the names of the people involved together with their roles where known. I'm a trifle confused about the Client-Server terminology as applied to X Windows: apparently it's the other way around from "normal". However I'm assuming that most people are going to approach this on the basis that the Server sends out the pictures and the Client receives them. Phil 12:50, Dec 2, 2003 (UTC)

 * The client-server terminology is the same as how that terminology is used for networks. When a network connection is made, the host that is initiating the connection is the client and the host that is waiting for a connection is the server. In the X Window System, the running program that has the program logic, here xcoffee, initiates the connection to the X server over the network. The X server accepts the connection and has video output and keyboard and mouse input. The X server sends keyboard and mouse events through the network to the client program on the other side of the network. The client program processes the keyboard and mouse events and sends display instructions back over the network to the X server. The X server then updates its video display based on those instructions. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.66.197.103 (talk • contribs)

Picture needed
I think the nature of this article requires a picture of the object in question. 131.247.98.181 (talk) 14 July 2005

 * I'm asking all four of the people concerned. Hopefully at least one of them has a working email address. :-) GreenReaper 05:14, 26 October 2006 (UTC)

 * And three four replies, all positive! Images uploaded. :-) GreenReaper 22:15, 27 October 2006 (UTC)

Coffee pot or coffee machine?
An editor just changed "coffee pot" to "coffee machine", citing (not unreasonably) the title of the original page. Sometimes it is called pot, however, as in this site:.

What do folks think? Should we rename it? (Note that Internet coffee machine redirects to this site. - DavidWBrooks (talk) 19:13, 25 August 2010 (UTC)
 * I feel it should remain coffee pot, since the focus was on the pot (and its contents), not the entire machine. GreenReaper (talk) 19:56, 25 August 2010 (UTC)
 * True, but the site itself is called Trojan Room Coffee Machine - perhaps "machine" vs. "pot" is a Britain/US divide? As a USAnian, I would never say "coffee machine."- DavidWBrooks (talk) 22:42, 25 August 2010 (UTC)

Why turned off?
The article doesn't say why it was turned off. It seems a strange decision given its iconic status. Why didn't they leave it running to this day? Beorhtwulf (talk) 22:35, 28 February 2011 (UTC)

 * I put in one sentence, mostly lifted from a Spiegel article. They moved the office; it doesn't say why they decided not to move the pot - DavidWBrooks (talk) 17:31, 1 March 2011 (UTC)

File:Trojan Room coffee pot xcoffee.png to appear as POTD soon
Hello! This is a note to let the editors of this article know that File:Trojan Room coffee pot xcoffee.png will be appearing as picture of the day on August 22, 2016. You can view and edit the POTD blurb at Template:POTD/2016-08-22. If this article needs any attention or maintenance, it would be preferable if that could be done before its appearance on the Main Page. — Chris Woodrich (talk) 23:21, 5 August 2016 (UTC)

Question
Following on from seeing the POTD, I was curious about this reason for setting up the webcam: “To save people working in the building pointless trips to the coffee machine, in case it was empty”. This may mean something to coffee-drinkers, but the rest of us might need a bit more of an explanation. If someone wanted coffee, why wouldn't they just go and make some? Or, if the coffee was provided by canteen staff, wouldn't it just be continually refilled? Are coffee drinkers so averse to actually making the stuff that they would willingly wait for someone else to crack before swooping in and claiming a cup? Or were they all so isolated that the camera really offered them a chance of some social contact? Was it an experiment in slow television, or a kind of wallpaper for caffeine-fiends? Can someone enlighten us? Moonraker12 (talk) 13:56, 24 August 2016 (UTC)

 * It takes several minutes to brew a pot of drip brew coffee. While you might be willing to do that if you're there already, nobody wants to make a journey and then wait even more time for it to brew if you can just wait for it to be full later. Arguably Terry Tate had the right idea - you kill the joe, you make some mo' - and this may have been an unspoken first step towards the surveillance state necessary to identify and punish violators of this rule. GreenReaper (talk) 23:23, 24 August 2016 (UTC)

 * Thanks for that! I had wondered if my third thought had any merit, though I have to say, turning it on it's head and seeing it as a breach of coffee culture etiquette hadn't occurred to me. On that subject, the etiquette advisor you mentioned wasn't known to me, but your link to his motivational video makes the error very clear! Thanks again, Moonraker12 (talk) 14:56, 21 September 2016 (UTC)

Distinction between "Internet" and "Web"
From the first paragraph of the article:

"Put on the Internet in 1991 by Quentin Stafford-Fraser and Paul Jardetzky, it was migrated to the web in 1993 becoming the world's first webcam."

This doesn't appear to make sense, especially since the article goes on to state that the webcam feed was originally made available to computers within the building. This would seem to connote a local-area connection, more properly an "intranet" rather than the Internet. I'm not sure of the distinction made between the "Internet" and the "web" and I think this could be made more clear from sources. 98.53.183.126 (talk) 20:15, 3 January 2022 (UTC)

 * The two main sources say that it was a laboratory ATM network, so I went ahead and removed that claim. I think it is more accurate now, good catch! Strangerpete (talk) 20:43, 3 January 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Trojan Room coffee pot


text:
User talk:Alain Narinx

Thank you
Alain - Thank you for your editing and your comments about my editing my own information. I only found the original article after my children told me I could be " Widipeidia-ed". It had been placed there by someone with ill-intentions. I tried to correct it and still address their issues. Hopefully, it will be to everyone's satisfaction. Thank you again for any corrections / additions and your comments. This provides a great service when it is kept up to date and accurate. Thank you. Capt. Lynn Rippelmeyer —Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.200.146.205 (talk) 01:49, 26 August 2008 (UTC)

Sept. 12, 2017 Alain - I have added a small edit to my Wikipedia page. The "Reaching for the Skies" link no longer took the reader to the specific part of the 12 episode series that featured me, so I added "Episode 2 - Adventures of Flight" to help them out. Also - I noticed that the picture on the page when you google "Reaching for the Skies - Lynn Rippelmeyer" is definitely NOT me. Clicking on it takes you to my page, but it looks nothing like me ( it's a man ). I have a picture on Facebook that could be used or I could send you one if you could tell me how to do it. Also -I noticed that it said "birthdate unknown"  It is April 3, 1951.

Thank you again for this valuable service and your work to keep it accurate and concise. Capt. Lynn Rippelmeyer — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:2C3:800:4AC8:1C76:7210:8615:3C2B (talk) 12:31, 12 September 2017 (UTC)

Dutch account
Hello Alain Narinx,

I've renamed the dutch "Alain Narinx". Thus you can now usurp this name on the Dutch wiki.

Mvg, Basvb (talk) 14:48, 4 March 2014 (UTC)

Thanks
Thank you for helping me, Bas! I completed the procedure a while ago. --Alain Narinx (talk) 09:43, 9 May 2014 (UTC)

title: User talk:Alain Narinx


text:
Aquilonia, Campania

Aquilonia is a town and comune in the province of Avellino, part of the Campania region of southern Italy. It is situated in mountainous terrain in the eastern part of the province, at an elevation of 750 m.

History
The Lombards called the town Carbonara or Carunar, supposedly because a major local occupation was charcoal making. In 1861, after the unification of Italy, the town was renamed Aquilonia based on a 16th-century assumption that this was the site of the Battle of Aquilonia between the Rome and the Samnites.

On 23 July 1930 a major earthquake destroyed the town, and it was rebuilt at a higher location nearby.

Geography
Located in the eastern side of the province, close to Basilicata, Aquilonia borders with the municipalities of Bisaccia, Calitri, Lacedonia, Melfi, Monteverde and Rionero in Vulture.

Twin towns — sister cities
Aquilonia is twinned with:

 * 🇮🇹 Cambiano, Italy
 * 🇮🇹 Caramagna Piemonte, Italy
 * 🇺🇸 Montclair, USA

title: Aquilonia, Campania


text:
Fort William, Ontario

Fort William was a city in Ontario, Canada, located on the Kaministiquia River, at its entrance to Lake Superior. It amalgamated with Port Arthur and the townships of Neebing and McIntyre to form the city of Thunder Bay in January 1970. Since then, it has been the largest city in Northwestern Ontario. The city's Latin motto was A posse ad esse (From a possibility to an actuality), featured on its coat of arms designed in 1900 by town officials, "On one side of the shield stands an Indian dressed in the paint and feathers of the early days; on the other side is a French voyageur; the cent[re] contains a grain elevator, a steamship and a locomotive, while the beaver surmounts the whole."

Fur trade era
Fort William and Grand Portage were the two starting points for the canoe route from the Great Lakes to Western Canada. For details of the route inland see Kaministiquia River.

French period (Fort Kaministiquia)
Kamanistigouian, as a place, is first mentioned in a decree of the Conseil Souverain de la Nouvelle-France dated 23 August 1681 instructing one of two canoes to make known the king's amnesty to coureurs de bois, although the Kaministiquia River is depicted on the 1671 "Carte des Jésuites" as "R. [rivière] par où l'on va aux Assinipoualacs à 120 lieues vers le Nord-Ouest." In late 1683 or spring 1684, Daniel Greysolon, Sieur du Lhut, established a trading post near the mouth of the Kaministiquia River. French authorities closed this post in 1696 because of a glut on the fur market. In 1717, a new post, Fort Kaministiquia, was established at the river mouth by Zacharie Robutel de la Noue. This post appears on 18th century French maps by Royal hydrographer Jacques-Nicolas Bellin as "Fort Caministogoyan". The post was abandoned in 1758 or 1760 during the British conquest of New France.

English period (Fort William)
The fur trade was quickly re-established with most people using Grand Portage. By 1784, Montreal merchants and their "wintering partners" had formed the North West Company (Nor'Westers). The North West Company continued to use Grand Portage as their centre of operations after the area was ceded to the United States after the colonists' victory in the American Revolution. Following the signing of the Jay Treaty of 1794 between Great Britain and the United States, which acknowledged American control of the area, the North West Company required a new midway transshipment point between their inland posts and Montreal. The partners needed to meet and exchange furs and supplies without being subject to American taxation.

In 1803, the Nor'Westers abandoned Grand Portage and established a new fur trading post on the Kaministiquia River on land acquired from the Ojibwe by written agreement 30 July 1798. The post was named Fort William in 1807 after William McGillivray, chief director of the North West Company from 1804-1821. After the union of the North West Company with the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) in 1821, the fort lost its raison d'être because most trade shifted to York Factory on Hudson Bay. It became a minor HBC fur trading post. The original site disappeared under development of Canadian Pacific Railway]] railroad tracks and coal piles in the 1880s. A replica of Fort William was built further upstream on the Kaministiquia River at [[Pointe de Meuron, a former military staging location named after Lord Selkirk's Swiss de Meuron Regiment. It is now known as the Fort William Historical Park.

19th century and after
Two townships (Neebing and Paipoonge) and the Fort William Town Plot were surveyed in 1859–1860 by the Province of Canada's Department of Crown Lands and opened to settlement. A large section of land adjacent to the Hudson's Bay Company post remained in dispute until 1875, when it was surveyed as Neebing Additional Township. Most land was acquired by absentee landowners speculating on the decision of the new Dominion of Canada to build a railway to the Pacific that would begin somewhere along the north shore of Lake Superior. The selection of the Fort William Town Plot (later known as West Fort) as the eastern terminus for the CPR stimulated development, as did the construction of the railway, begun in June 1875. The federal Department of Public Works, and later the Department of Railways and Canals, took seven years (1875–1882) to build the Thunder Bay Branch from Fort William to Winnipeg, Manitoba.

The Ontario Legislature incorporated the Municipality of Shuniah in March 1873. This early form of regional government comprised a vast area from Sibley Peninsula to the American border. For eight years the residents of Neebing and Neebing Additional townships battled Port Arthur residents for the Thunder Bay terminus. In March 1881, the inhabitants of Neebing and Neebing Additional petitioned the Ontario Legislature successfully to separate the southern townships from Shuniah and to create the Municipality of Neebing.

By 1883–1884, the Montreal-based CPR syndicate, in collaboration with the Hudson's Bay Company, clearly preferred the low-lying lands along the lower Kaministiquia River to the exposed shores of Port Arthur, which required an expensive breakwater if shipping and port facilities were to be protected from the waves. The CPR subsequently consolidated all its operations there, erecting rail yards, coal-handling facilities, grain elevators and a machine shop. In April 1892, Neebing Additional Township and parts of Neebing Township were incorporated as the town of Fort William. Fort William was incorporated as a city in April 1907. The city of Fort William ceased to exist at the end of December 1969.

Notable people

 * Jack Adams, professional hockey player, coach and general manager
 * Mary J. L. Black, first librarian of the Fort William Public Library
 * Gus Bodnar, professional hockey player
 * Larry Cahan, professional hockey player
 * Tom Cook, aka Tommy Cook, professional hockey player
 * Alex Delvecchio, professional hockey player
 * Jeff Heath, professional major league baseball player in the 1930s and 1940s
 * Bora Laskin, Chief Justice of Canada
 * Danny Lewicki, professional hockey player
 * Paul Shaffer, musician, TV personality
 * H. J. Sterling, president of the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association, Thunder Bay Amateur Hockey Association and the Fort William and Port Arthur Grain Exchange
 * Joe Comuzzi, lawyer and cabinet minister

General

 * Morrison, Jean F., ed. Lake Superior to Rainy River : three centuries of fur trade history : a collection of writings. Thunder Bay, Ont. : Thunder Bay Historical Museum Society, 2003.
 * Thunder Bay from rivalry to unity / edited by Thorold J. Tronrud and A. Ernest Epp. Thunder Bay : Thunder Bay Historical Museum Society, 1995.
 * Thunder Bay from rivalry to unity / edited by Thorold J. Tronrud and A. Ernest Epp. Thunder Bay : Thunder Bay Historical Museum Society, 1995.

title: Fort William, Ontario


text:
Trappist beer

Trappist beer is brewed by Trappist monks. Thirteen Trappist monasteries—six in Belgium, two in the Netherlands, and one each in Austria, Italy, England, France, and Spain— produce beer, but the Authentic Trappist Product label is assigned by the International Trappist Association (ITA) to just ten breweries that meet their strict criteria. , Achel is no longer recognized as a Trappist brewery because it does not have any monks.

History
The Catholic Trappist order originated in the Cistercian monastery of La Trappe, France. Various Cistercian congregations existed for many years, and by 1664 the Abbot of La Trappe felt that the Cistercians were becoming too liberal. He introduced strict new rules in the abbey and the Strict Observance was born. Since this time, many of the rules have been relaxed. However, a fundamental tenet that monasteries should be self-supporting is still maintained by these groups.

Monastery brewhouses, from different religious orders, have existed across Europe since the Middle Ages. From the very beginning, beer was brewed in French Cistercian monasteries following the Strict Observance. For example, the monastery of La Trappe in Soligny already had its own brewery in 1685. Breweries were later introduced in monasteries of other countries as the Trappist order spread from France into the rest of Europe. The Trappists, like many other religious orders, originally brewed beer to feed the community, in a perspective of self-sufficiency. Nowadays, Trappist breweries also brew beer to fund their works and charitable causes. Many of the Trappist monasteries and breweries were destroyed during the French Revolution and the World Wars. In the last 300 years, there were at least nine Trappist breweries in France, six in Belgium, two in the Netherlands, one in Germany, one in Austria, one in Bosnia and possibly other countries.

In 1997, eight Trappist abbeys – six from Belgium (Orval, Chimay, Westvleteren, Rochefort, Westmalle and Achel), one from the Netherlands (Koningshoeven) and one from Germany (Mariawald) – founded the International Trappist Association (ITA) to prevent non-Trappist commercial companies from abusing the Trappist name. This private association created a logo that is assigned to goods (cheese, beer, wine, etc.) that respect precise production criteria. For the beers, these criteria were the following:
 * The beer must be brewed within the walls of a Trappist monastery, either by the monks themselves or under their supervision.
 * The brewery must be of secondary importance within the monastery and it should witness to the business practices proper to a monastic way of life.
 * The brewery is not intended to be a profit-making venture. The income covers the living expenses of the monks and the maintenance of the buildings and grounds. Whatever remains is donated to charity for social work and to help persons in need.

The German Trappist abbey of Mariawald has not produced beer since 1953, however it is a founding member of the Trappist Association and uses the same Authentic Trappist Product logo for its other products.

As of January 2021, Belgium has only 5 Trappist beers (ATP) left since Achel lost its ATP designation due to the last monk leaving the Order. However, its Trappist beer (not ATP) production is still ongoing and has been taken over by Westmalle. In 2012, Bpost honored the Trappist breweries in the country with a commemorative collection of stamps. As of 25 January 2023, Achel lost its designation as a Trappist beer due to selling the abbey to a private person.

In the twentieth century, the growing popularity of Trappist beers led some brewers with no connection to the order to label their beers "Trappist". After unsuccessful negotiations, monks sued one such brewer in 1962 in Ghent, Belgium.

The Dutch brewery De Koningshoeven produces Trappist beers – branded La Trappe – that are able to carry the "Authentic Trappist Product" logo. Their use of the International Trappist Association logo was withdrawn in 1999, but was restored in October 2005 (see Brouwerij de Koningshoeven for details). A second Dutch Trappist beer, branded Zundert and produced by Abdij Maria Toevlucht, made its debut in December 2013, and has also been granted permission to use the International Trappist Association logo.

An expansion of ITA recognized breweries took place for the first time in 2012 when the trappist brewery of the abbey of Engelszell, Trappistenbrauerei Engelszell in Engelhartszell, Austria started brewing beer at the monastery (the former production had stopped in 1929) and in the same year obtained the Authentic Trappist Product logo for their beer.

In December 2013, Maria Toevlucht's abbey (Zundert, the Netherlands) and St. Joseph's Abbey (Spencer, Massachusetts, United States) were both granted the ATP recognition for their Trappist beers, followed in 2015 by Tre Fontane Abbey brewery in Rome.

In June 2018, the monks of Mount Saint Bernard Abbey in Leicestershire became the first in the UK to brew a Trappist ale. Called "Tynt Meadow" (7.4% ABV), after the location of the abbey, it is available to visitors and sold through public outlets.

International Trappist Association recognised breweries
As of January 2022, fourteen Trappist monasteries that are members of the ITA have beers named after them — six in Belgium, two in the Netherlands, and one each in Austria, Italy, England, France, Spain and the United States.

Authentic Trappist Product label
In addition to being a Trappist brewery, the monastic communities that are members of the ITA can apply for the Authentic Trappist Product (ATP) label. The following criteria are used for ATP label:
 * All products must be made within the immediate surroundings of the abbey;
 * Production must be carried out under the supervision of the monks or nuns;
 * Profits should be intended for the needs of the monastic community, for purposes of solidarity within the Trappist Order, or for development projects and charitable works.

List of Trappist breweries
There are currently thirteen breweries producing Trappist beer. Ten of them (with the exception of Achel, Mont des Cats, whose beer is not brewed at their monastery but at Chimay, and Cardeña from the Abbey of San Pedro de Cardeña, whose beer is currently produced off-site ) are allowed to display the Authentic Trappist Product logo on their beer products. In January 2021, "Achel" of the St. Benedict's Abbey in Hamont-Achel lost the Authentic Trappist Product label, as the brewing process was no longer supervised by monks on site, but the beer remains a Trappist beer, as the Saint Benedict Abbey falls under the Westmalle Abbey and the abbot of Westmalle Abbey visits the Achelse Kluis every week and supervises the brewing and other activities in the Achelse Kluis. In January 2023, the abbey was sold to a private person. From that day on, "Achel" lost the recognition as a Trappist beer. In May 2022, St. Joseph's Abbey ceased beer production. In May 2023, Stift Engelszell published an article about dissolution of the monastery and move all monks to other monasteries.

Abbey beer
The designation "abbey beers" (Bières d'Abbaye or Abdijbier) was originally devised by Belgian breweries for any monastic or monastic-style beer not produced in an actual monastery. After the introduction of an official Trappist beer designation by the International Trappist Association in 1997, it came to mean products similar in style or presentation to monastic beers. In other words, an Abbey beer may be:
 * Produced by a non-Trappist monastery—e.g. Cistercian, Benedictine; or
 * produced by a commercial brewery under an arrangement with an extant monastery; or
 * branded with the name of a defunct or fictitious abbey by a commercial brewer; or
 * given a vaguely monastic branding, without specifically mentioning monastery, by a commercial brewer.

Types of beer
Trappist beers are mostly top-fermented, including La Trappe Bockbier, and mainly bottle conditioned. Trappist breweries use various systems of nomenclature for the different beers produced which relate to their relative strength.

The best known is the system where different beers are called Enkel/Single, Dubbel/Double, Tripel/Triple and Quadrupel/Quadruple. These terms roughly describe both the amount of malt and the original gravity. They may refer to the number of crosses or other marks chalked on the casks - two for a Dubbel and three for a Tripel.

Colours can be used to indicate the different types, dating back to the days when bottles were unlabelled and had to be identified by the capsule or bottle-top alone. Chimay beer labels are based on the colour system (in increasing order of strength red, white and blue). Westvleteren beers are still unlabelled.

There is also a number system (6, 8 and 10, as used by Rochefort), which gives an indication of strength, but is not necessarily an exact alcohol by volume (ABV). Achel combine a strength and a colour (of the beer itself—blond or brown) designation.

Enkel
Enkel, meaning "single", is a term used by the Trappist breweries to describe the basic recipe of their beers. The name fell out of fashion with no breweries (Trappist or 'Abbey') using the term until recent years. Instead, "Blond(e)" (La Trappe, Westvleteren), "5" (Achel) or "6" (Rochefort) have been used to describe the brewery's lightest beer. Chimay introduced an Enkel (called Dorée or Gold) commercially in bottles in 2015, Westmalle made their Enkel (called Extra) available commercially through some outlets in 2010. The term is often used interchangeably with 'Patersbier' (meaning Father's beer), as Enkels are a weak beer brewed originally to be consumed by the monks themselves.

Dubbel
Dubbel is a Trappist breweries' naming convention. The origin of the dubbel was a beer brewed in the Trappist Abbey of Westmalle in 1856. Westmalle Dubbel was imitated by other breweries, Trappist and commercial, Belgian and worldwide, leading to the emergence of a style. Dubbels are understood to be a fairly strong (6–8% ABV) brown ale, with understated bitterness, fairly heavy body, and a pronounced fruitiness and cereal character. Examples are: Westmalle Dubbel, Chimay Red/Premiere, Koningshoeven/La Trappe Dubbel, Achel 8 Bruin, Rochefort 6, and Tynt Meadow.

Tripel

Tripel is a naming convention traditionally used by Belgian Trappist breweries to describe the strongest beer in their range. Westmalle Tripel is considered to be the foundation of this beer style, and was developed in the 1930s. Achel 8 Blond, Westmalle Tripel, La Trappe Tripel, and Chimay White/Cinq Cents are all examples of Trappist tripels. The style has proven popular among secular breweries like St. Feuillien, Bosteels and St. Bernardus. Tripels as a style are generally beers with an alcohol content ranging from 8% to 10% ABV.

Quadrupel
Quadrupel is the name Koningshoeven gave to a La Trappe ale they brew which is stronger and darker than their tripel. Rochefort 10, Westvleteren 12 and Zundert 10 are also examples of quadrupels.

Glassware
Belgian breweries have a tradition of providing custom beer glasses: with Trappist breweries, these often take the form of "chalice" or "goblet" style glasses. The distinction between goblet and chalice is typically in the glass thickness. Goblets tend to be more delicate and thin, while the chalice is heavy and thick walled. Some chalices are etched on the bottom to nucleate a stream of bubbles for maintaining a nice head.

Beer tourism
The idea of visiting Trappist monasteries to sample their beers has become more popular in recent years, partly due to promotion by enthusiasts such as the 'beer hunter' Michael Jackson. Some brewing monasteries maintain a visitors' centre where their beers can be tasted and bought (sometimes with other monastic products such as bread and cheese). Visits to the monastery itself are usually not available to the general public, although visitors can overnight in some of the monasteries (like Achel) if their purpose is non-touristic. Currently, Koningshoeven (which brews La Trappe) in Netherlands offers regular tours around their bottling plant, old brewery and parts of their site, along with a beer tasting.

title: Trappist beer


text:
User talk:Kenneth.sorensen

Dear Kenneth, welcome! Have you considered moving trappist to trappist beer? You can find Move Page in your side bar. Have a look in Manual of Style for formatting pointers. And have fun! Muriel Victoria 13:22, 2 Dec 2003 (UTC)

By the way, if you want, you can have spaces and the letter ø in your username. If you want, you can ask  here. Κσυπ Cyp  13:32, 2 Dec 2003 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kenneth.sorensen