text:
Dorr Rebellion

The Dorr Rebellion (1841–1842) (also referred to as Dorr's Rebellion, Dorr's War or Dorr War) was an attempt by residents to force broader democracy in the state of Rhode Island. It was led by Thomas Wilson Dorr, who mobilized his followers to demand changes to the state's electoral rules. The state was still using its 1663 colonial charter as a constitution, which required that voters own land as qualification to vote. The rebellion established a parallel government alongside the existing chartered government and wrote a new constitution for Rhode Island. It failed, but it forced the rewriting of the state constitution to expand eligibility to vote.

Precursors and causes
Rhode Island's colonial charter of 1663 stated that any male landowner could vote. Most of the residents in Rhode Island Colony were farmers and held land, and this qualification was more democratic than any of the other American colonies. By the 1840s, the state required landed property worth at least $134, or ownership of land generating annual rent of at least $7, in order to vote.

As urbanization increased, large numbers of people did not own any land and therefore did not meet the requirement to vote. By 1829, 60 percent of the state's men were ineligible to vote. Many of these were recent Irish Catholic immigrants.

Reformers favoring universal male suffrage argued that an electorate made up of only 40 percent of the state's men, based on a colonial charter signed by the British monarch, was un-republican and thus violated the United States Constitution's Guarantee Clause, Art. IV: Sec. 4 ("The United States shall guarantee to every State in this Union a Republican Form of Government").

Before the 1840s, several attempts were made to replace the colonial charter with a new state constitution that provided broader voting rights, but all failed. The state lacked a procedure to amend the Charter. The Rhode Island General Assembly had failed to reapportion the legislature based on demographic changes as the cities acquired much larger populations. By 1841, most states of the United States had removed property requirements and other restrictions on voting (see Jacksonian democracy). Rhode Island was the only state falling significantly short of universal white male suffrage.

Rebellion

In 1841, suffrage supporters led by Dorr gave up on attempts to change the system from within. In October, they held a People's Convention and drafted a new constitution, known as the People's Constitution, which granted the vote to all white men with one year's residence. Dorr had originally supported granting voting rights to blacks, but he changed his position in 1840 because of pressure from white immigrants who wanted to gain the vote first. At the same time, the state's General Assembly formed a rival convention and drafted the Freemen's Constitution, with some concessions to democratic demands.

Late in that year, the two constitutions were voted on, and the Freemen's Constitution was defeated in the legislature, largely by Dorr supporters, while the People's Convention version was overwhelmingly supported in a referendum in December. Much of the support for the People's Convention constitution was from the newly eligible voters, but Dorr claimed that most of those eligible under the old constitution had also supported it, making it legal.

In early 1842, both groups organized elections of their own, leading in April to the selections of both Dorr and Samuel Ward King as Governor of Rhode Island. King showed no signs of introducing the new constitution; when matters came to a head, he declared martial law. On May 4, the state legislature requested the dispatch of federal troops to suppress the "lawless assemblages". President John Tyler sent an observer, then decided not to send soldiers because "the danger of domestic violence is hourly diminishing". Nevertheless, Tyler cited the U.S. Constitution and added:

"If resistance is made to the execution of the laws of Rhode-Island, by such force as the civil peace shall be unable to overcome, it will be the duty of this Government to enforce the constitutional guarantee—a guarantee given and adopted mutually by all the original States."

Most of the state militiamen were Irishmen newly enfranchised by the Dorr referendum, and they supported him. The Irish who played a growing role in Democratic politics in other states, such as Tammany Hall in New York City, gave Dorr their verbal support, but sent no money or men to help.

The "Dorrites" led an unsuccessful attack against the arsenal in Providence, Rhode Island on May 19, 1842. Defenders of the arsenal on the "Charterite" side (those who supported the original charter) included Dorr's father Sullivan Dorr and his uncle Crawford Allen. At the time, these men owned the Bernon Mill Village in Woonsocket, Rhode Island. In addition, among the defenders of Providence were many black men who had supported Dorr before he dropped them from his call for suffrage. Dorr's cannon failed to fire, no one was hurt, and his army retreated in disarray.

After his defeat, Dorr fled to New York and returned in late June 1842 with armed supporters. He assembled his forces on Acote's Hill in Chepachet, where they hoped to reconvene the People's Convention. Governor King called out the state militia which marched on Chepachet to engage the Dorrite forces. Charterite forces were sent to Woonsocket to defend the village and to cut off the Dorrite forces' retreat. The Charterites fortified a house in preparation for an attack, but it never came.

Dorr disbanded his forces, realizing that he would be defeated in battle by the approaching militia, and fled the state. Governor King issued a warrant for his arrest with a reward of $5,000.

Aftermath
The Charterites were finally convinced of the strength of the suffrage cause and called another convention. In September 1842, a session of the Rhode Island General Assembly met at Newport, Rhode Island and framed a new state constitution, which was ratified by the old, limited electorate, was proclaimed by Governor King on January 23, 1843, and took effect in May. The new constitution greatly liberalized voting requirements by extending suffrage to any native born adult male, regardless of race, who could pay a poll tax of $1, which would go to support public schools in the state. The constitution retained the property requirement for non-native born citizens and prohibited members of the Narragansett Indian Tribe from voting.

In the next Presidential election held after the Dorr Rebellion in 1844, 12,296 votes were cast, a significant increase from the 8,621 cast in 1840.

In Luther v. Borden (1849), the Supreme Court of the United States held that the constitutional right to change governments was unquestioned, but that the Supreme Court did not have the authority to interfere because the Constitutional guarantee of a "republican form of government" was a political question best left to the other branches of the federal government.

Dorr's fate

Dorr returned in 1843, was found guilty of treason against the state, and was sentenced in 1844 to solitary confinement and hard labor for life. The harshness of the sentence was widely condemned, and Dorr was released in 1845, his health now broken. His civil rights were restored in 1851. In 1854, the court judgment against him was set aside. He died later that year.

Interpretations
Historians have long debated the meaning and nature of the rebellion.

Mowry (1901) portrayed the Dorrites as irresponsible idealists who ignored the state's need for stability and order. Gettleman (1973) hailed it as an early working-class attempt to overthrow an elitist government. Dennison (1976) saw it as a legitimate expression of Republicanism in the United States, but concluded that politics changed little for Rhode Islanders after 1842 because the same elite groups ruled the state.

However, in 1854, the Rhode Island Supreme Court wrote: "The union of all the powers of government in the same hands is but the definition of despotism". Thus, the same Court that convicted Dorr of treason against the charter in 1844 ruled ten years later that the charter had improperly authorized a despotic, non-republican, un-American form of government. Coleman (1963) explored the complex coalition that supported Dorr, with the changing economic structure of the state in mind, noting that the middle classes, the poor farmers, and the industrialists mostly peeled off after the 1843 Constitution gave in to their demands. The factory workers remained but were too few and too poorly organized to do much. He finds Seth Luther to be one of the few stalwarts from the working class.

The timidity of the Dorrites in 1842, Coleman concludes, was a reflection of their fragile coalition. Looking at Dorr himself, Coleman (1976) argued: "At several crucial moments the suffragists were offered, but rejected, every reform they asked for. Indeed, the constitution they were offered even went beyond their demands. But Dorr would have no part of it; the process of formulation was flawed. It did not conform to his concept of popular sovereignty. Compromise was out of the question. Principle became all. Dorr hungered for the vindication of principle. He was determined to lead his supporters into martyrdom."

Henry Bowen Anthony wrote a poetical satire of the events, which was published without attribution in Boston by Justin Jones in 1842. It was republished in 1870, again without attribution to Anthony, along with another work concerning the events entitled The Dorriad, and The Great Slocum Dinner, by Sidney S. Rider & Brother, Providence.

Historiography and memory

 * Chaput, Erik J. "'The Rhode Island Question': The Career of a Debate," Rhode Island History (2010) 68#2 pp 46–76.
 * Chaput, Erik J., and Russell J. DeSimone. "Dorr Rebellion Project Selected Bibliography." (2014). online
 * Conley, Patrick T. "Popular Sovereignty or Public Anarchy? American Debates the Dorr Rebellion," Rhode Island History (2002) 60#3 pp 71–91.

title: Dorr Rebellion


text:
User:Neerajk

I have a webpage at http://www.eden.rutgers.edu/~neerajk

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Neerajk


text:
Friedland

Friedland may refer to:

Czech Republic

 * Frýdlant v Čechách (Friedland im Isergebirge)
 * Frýdlant nad Ostravicí (Friedland an der Ostrawitza)
 * Frýdlant nad Moravicí (Friedland an der Mohra)

France

 * Avenue de Friedland, street in Paris

Germany

 * Friedland, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
 * Friedland, Brandenburg
 * Friedland, Lower Saxony, a municipality in Göttingen
 * Friedland (Amt)

Poland

 * Korfantów (Friedland in Oberschlesien)
 * Mieroszów (Friedland in Niederschlesien)
 * Debrzno (Preußisch Friedland)
 * Mirosławiec (Märkisch Friedland)

Russia

 * Pravdinsk (Friedland in Ostpreußen), called Friedland 1917–1945

Other

 * Friedland (surname)
 * Duchy of Friedland, duchy of Albrecht von Wallenstein 1627–1634
 * Battle of Friedland, during the Napoleonic Wars in 1807
 * French ship Friedland for ships named after the battle

title: Friedland


text:
Pagan activism

Pagan activism may refer to:
 * Reclaiming (Neopaganism)
 * Pagan Pride

title: Pagan activism


text:
Talk:Russian tradition of the Knights Hospitaller

Russian tradition of the Knights Hospitallers

this page is taken from http://www2.prestel.co.uk/church/oosj/rgporg.htm

and was placed in the ENCYCLOPEDIA WIKIPEDIA by the Author, Dr Michael Foster, and therefore there is no copyright infringement!

Ta!

Then, Dr Foster, you can present your case in Possible copyright infringements (notice the possible) in the section of the refered article. I hope you understand our precautions. Best regards, Muriel Victoria 13:29, 21 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * You can also use How does one edit a page and our manual of style to edit the article according to the wikipedia standards. The only thing you have to do to avoid the copyvio info is refrase the article, perhaps add other infos? It shouldnt be that hard, sinice you wrote it. Cheers, Muriel Victoria 15:03, 21 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Will revisit the article after looking at it offline - then upload changes. Thanks for tha advice. MF 22:21 21 Nov 2003.

I replaced the banner notice for now. MF, could you possible make it clearer that it's not a copy violation, noting on the source web site that you're the same guy as MF would be more than sufficient. Thanks. Daniel Quinlan 22:47, Nov 21, 2003 (UTC)

= Sources =

Part of article about 19. and 20. century is lacking sources, specially about "Priory of Dacia". General reference is not sufficient, subject is controversial and need more scholar work. Yopie 07:19, 3 May 2008 (UTC)

The article now reveals the origins and provides further information. The web page also now attributes authorship – Dr Michael Foster (Osjknights) Also my user user notes give my name.

---

Perhaps the name of the article should be changed to Knights Hospitaller (Russian tradition of the)? Glenlarson 21:08, 12 August 2005 (UTC)

The end of the Union in 1975.

The Incorporation of the "Union" ended legally in 1975, and the Regulations under which the Union was registered (Foreign Association) was abolished, bringing a definite end to the legal existence, leaving the Priory of Dacia as the only legal part. Thus there was no dormancy. Some original members survived into the 21st Century. The decrees allowing Foreign Associations in France were as follows; 12 April 1939, 1st June 1939, and 1st September 1939. These have all been repealed. That the Union was registered as a Foreign Association in France is given in; ''Taube, Professor Baron Michel Alexsandrovitch, de. L'Empereur Paul I de Russie, Grand Maître de l'Ordre de Malte, et son Grand Prieuré Russe, Paris 1955'', pages 63-64.

Hereditary Commanders of the Russian tradition.

Reference to hereditary commanders is frequently made but often without a proper understanding. There is no mystique about Hereditary Commanders. The Hereditary Commanderies were more accurately "Ancestral" or "Family" Commanderies. Estates had been gifted to the Order to procure the income to sustain the Commanderies, and in return the family head or nominated successor held the Commandery.

Those favoured by Paul I, had been given beneficed Commanderies, and others were encouraged to use their wealth to create their own Commanderies - it is these which were known as Family or Ancestral Commanderies. The former were abolished in 1810 (Ukase 24.134. of 1810), and their holders were given other posts, and the estates of the latter were handed back to the families provided a redemption payment was made (Ukase 24.882. of 1811). By courtesy the term "Hereditary Commander" was used by those who had gained confirmation from the Emperor to wear the Cross of the Order. Those who wore the Order still came under the due regulations, which were administered by the Chancellor to all the Russian Orders. This fact is confirmed in Loumyer, J. F. Nicholas, Ordres de Chevalerie et Marques d'Honneur, Brussels 1844.

Russian Hereditary Commanders, must be confirmed as such under the Russian Laws which gave birth to that category of membership; Ukase 19.044. of 1799. This specifies inter alia "5 years of seniority in the Order and 2 years of seniority of military service". In other words 5 years in belonging to the Order, and 2 years military service. The Family Commanders in the days of the Empire and into exile, appear as far as can be established, to be qualified in both.

Even where the candidate is qualified, he must demonstrate that he is the “present representative elder of the masculine posterity of its first beneficiary”; Taube ibid, page 50.

The whole issue concerning the difficulties of descendants to qualify will lie behind Grand Duke Vladimir’s insistence of using the title of “Union of Descendants of Hereditary Commanders & etc”, placing the emphasis on descendants of Hereditary Commanders, but then this brings additional problems, as many Russian Nobles can claim this qualification, due to the intermarriage of Russian Nobles to those families which held ancestral commanderies. Under Grand Duke Vladimir, admittance to the “Union” was regulated. In terms of establishing which group represents the true legal tradition, this must be traced from the Paris group of 1928-1975.

Attn Vandals
Stop posting the "Self Styled Order" tag to this article. Only the false copies of the Russian Tradition of the Knights Hospitaller are self styled. Emperor Paul was elected by the knights and was the Grand Master in fact. In addition, the records that Rome gladly took money from the Russian knights is ample proof that the Russian Tradition was not self styled. Stop with the tag already - you are making yourself look childish and foolish. Kasgan (talk) 00:29, 12 September 2011 (UTC)

POV issues
From the article:
 * According to "An Official Statement from the Chancellery of the Head of the Russian Imperial House" the Orthodox Grand Priory of Russia, were entirely abolished in 1817 by Emperor Alexander I, and there has not been any legitimate restoration. All so-called “Orthodox” area kind of childish game and a source of fraud. The philanthropic slogans of such organizations serve only as a cover for harmful activities.

Judging by this article, the "Russian Imperial House" mentioned here is some kind of fringe organization, and not actually the imperial house of Russia. We should attribute it as "the self-styled Russian Imperial House" or something else that does not imply it has external recognition. We also can't repeat their POV about "fraud" and "childish games" in Wikipedia's own voice; it needs quotation marks.
 * The "Russian Tradition of the Knights Hospitaller" is not recognised by the Alliance of the Orders of Saint John of Jerusalem or the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

I do not see where the source supports this statement. KateWishing (talk) 21:40, 20 February 2015 (UTC

 * Maria Vladimirovna, Grand Duchess of Russia is generally accepted pretendent to the Empire and she say about fraud and childish games.. And where you see, that Alliance accepted fringe Russian "brothers"? Ball is on your side. --Yopie (talk) 00:07, 21 February 2015 (UTC)

 * No. Per WP:RS, you have the burden to provide a reliable source, not me (since I made no claim). Per WP:ASSERT, we cannot state opinions as facts. KateWishing (talk) 00:22, 21 February 2015 (UTC)

 * in the article HISTORY OF MEMBER ORDERS OF THE ALLIANCE never cite any of"Russian connnection organisation" as member. Because per WP:Burden I cannot prove negative fact, you must prove, that the Alliance recognises Russian hereditary commanderies.--Yopie (talk) 13:56, 21 February 2015 (UTC)

 * I never claimed that the Alliance recognized anyone. We need a source to comment on that either way. WP:BURDEN does not say you can insert a "negative fact" without a source supporting it; it says the opposite. You have also ignored the WP:ASSERT issues and inappropriate attribution of a fringe pretender organization as the "Official Statement from the Chancellery of the Head of the Russian Imperial House". KateWishing (talk) 14:06, 21 February 2015 (UTC)

3O Response: declined: I had to remove this post from the page due to lack of thorough discussion per the instructions. Unless both parties present their sides properly, a 3O cannot be provided. Feel free to post again later. Sincerely, Ugog Nizdast (talk) 09:58, 21 February 2015 (UTC)

 * FYI I restored the version prior to the addition of the block of text under discussion. It looks like the added content as well as the rewording are both being contested. Without opining on it myself, I'd suggest that per WP:BRD everybody hold off on re-adding either version before coming to some kind of consensus as to the wording here first. —  Rhododendrites talk  \\ 00:39, 22 February 2015 (UTC)

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text:
User:Johnleach

Just another schmoe from the UK.

See http://johnleach.co.uk for more info if you care.

Blog at http://johnleach.co.uk/words

E-mail is john at johnleach dot co dot uk.

title: User:Johnleach


text:
Barel

Barel is a census town in Barabanki district of Uttar Pradesh, India.

Demographics
According to the 2011 Census of India, Barel had a population of 27,207 and a total area of 5 sqkm. Males and females constituted 54.83 per cent and  45.17 per cent respectively of the population. Literacy at that time was 73.86 per cent. People classified as Scheduled Castes under India's system of positive discrimination accounted for 13.34 per cent of the population.

title: Barel


text:
Talk:International Computer Driving Licence

Untitled
OK, this needs a little work, as the only person to add text works for this group. A little NPOV would be nice, although not much, perhaps links to similar programs and what makes this one different?. Gentgeen 13:36, 21 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Probably a few critical statements would do the NPOV some good. I know an uncanny amount of (young!) people that have taken the ECDL-exams, but won't be able to tell a computer apart from a toaster. Stunningly, almost all of them even succeeded and actually got the "licence".

Sorry Gentgeen, couldn't let this one go without saying something, since it seems your discussion point conflicts with one of the main tenets of Wikipedia, namely that;

"Wikipedians generally oppose the use of talk pages just for the purpose of partisan talk about the main subject. Wikipedia is not a soapbox; it's an encyclopedia. In other words, talk about the article, not about the subject. "

Whilst the first part of your post is a fair comment in this regard, the second para, suggesting that ECDL exams can be passed without gaining the requisite skills, is categorically not.

Posting 'opinions' based on hearsay rather than direct experience is surely not the purpose of the Wikipedia project. Encouraging fact based contributions from other parties about our not-for-profit education programmes is fine - making unfounded allegations about the quality of those programmes is not.

Daniel Palmer - Strategic Marketing Manager - ECDL Foundation - the Global Governing Body of the ECDL and ICDL Programmes ECDL Foundation 16:35, 4 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Gentgeen wrote only the first paragraph, not the second.

Actualy Mr. Palmer, your comment breaks this tenet by not focusing on the article and how can an article that only lists the benefits, in three expansive sections, with no negative views be neutral? you also haven't denyied it being rubbish. --TheMightyShoeHorn 12:54, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

 * "Strategic Marketing Manager - ECDL Foundation" Perhaps you have a POV that is presented in your statements. Perhaps the only way to reach a NPOV on this article is to pair up a critic of EDCL with an employee of ECDL Foundation.  Perhaps then by averaging out the extremes we can reach a NPOV. —optikos 13:44, 28 May 2007 (UTC)

Worth / cost / options?
More contributions about the quality of ECDL would be good. --Darrelljon 15:57, 19 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Well, I've actually taken the ECDL exam and there is very little to it. Surprisingly, Word is the hardest exam. I don't know why. It is, however, very easy to pass the exam, especially if they're multiple choice. My fellow colleagues on the course used inferior, horrendous textbooks and they passed despite not knowing the basics of what on Earth they were doing. How on Earth Zig Zag Education can pass off their absolute rubbish is a mystery to me. Wolf ODonnell 21:55, 11 May 2007 (UTC)

 * I would love to improve this article, but after just having seen what some of the ECDL consists of I am no longer capable of NPOV. I consider it a crime that they charge for this bullshit, and this article appears to give it a great deal of legitimacy which is utterly undeserved. Waywocket 20:55, 15 May 2007 (UTC)

 * "They" often don't charge for it. ECDL is like the "office computer user"'s version of a basic literacy or numeracy course. There's no set charging structure for the end-user, the "Foundation" look after the syllabus and quality control and charge an admin fee to suppliers, and its then up to the suppliers how much they charge (or if they charge). Some organisations who register as ECDL suppliers focus on selling courses to members of the public at "commercial computer course" rates, others get funding or donations to make the courses available at a subsidised fee to people who pass certain criteria.
 * And some registered ECDL suppliers don't charge at all: they're educational establishments, businesses, government departments or other large organisations who've worked out that they can cut out the middle-man and sign up as suppliers themselves so that they can make the courses available to their own employees free of charge, as a company-sponsored "personal development" thing to build employee confidence. Some older employees can feel left behind when an office or business computerises, and it can be nice for their employer to let them do a basic course on "this is how to use a spreadsheet", especially if it just involves sitting them at a spare computer monitor and letting them get on with it.

 * There are going to be a lot of people for whom signing up for an ECDL course at commercial rates would be an awful waste of time and money, but the same can also be said for other basic literacy and numeracy courses.
 * If you don't need the official certificate (and don't want to spend 100+ hours plodding through the online courseware and exercises to earn course credits), you can buy just the the course materials on amazon as printed manuals and use them as an "Office for Dummies"-type resource, or just download the entire syllabus for free - at least one organisation has written their own unofficial ECDL teaching manuals and put them online, at no charge.

 * If you already work in an office and are reasonably computer-savvy, then you probably don't need the training OR the certification, and you might wonder why on earth anyone would want to spend the commercially advertised rates for a course like this. It might look like a bad joke. But if you're in reduced circumstances and badly need to get yourself some sort of basic "office" qualification to help you find work, and you have the free time, then you may well be able to find a way of doing the course through a non-commercial organisation at far less than the usual commercial rates. For some people it can be a way of getting a basic "office skills" certification, relatively quickly. ErkDemon (talk) 21:34, 25 October 2008 (UTC)

Microsoft Office?
I've been told (by a friend whose husband completed the course) that while the course is supposed to cover the broad concepts of spreadsheets, word processing etc., the skills are a actually specific to MS Office, so it's not actually much use for anyone using anything else (in this particular case, when he came home and tried to use what he'd learnt on Open Office at home.) I'd be interested to know whether this is true, and whether this is because it's sponsored by Microsoft, or if it's simply because MS Office is the most predominant Office suite in use at the moment. At present, the article doesn't mention Microsoft or MS Office at any point. Somerandomnerd 16:07, 22 September 2007 (UTC)

 * One of the problems with a "machine based" certification course like this is that it tends to require the questions and exercises to be structured around a "set" platform. If the course simulation says "Where would you click to do X?", then the course software has to recognise a single answer, or a very small set of possible answers, and that tends to preclude multiple alternative software packages (and even multiple versions of the same Office product). ECDL currently seems to have "versions" for two platforms, MSOffice 2000 and MSOffice 2003. While it's perhaps politically regrettable that ECDL is currently designed around MSOffice, I think this is probably more to do with the job market and the requirements of employers. AFAIK, MSOffice is still the dominant office suite for commercial use in the EU and US, and if an office temp is "certified" in spreadsheets, their employer is going to expect them to be able to sit down in front of Excel and start using it without wailing that it isn't what they were trained on. Businesses and departments that use Open Office are likely to be more flexible.

 * While you're right that ACDL is currently very MSO-centric, the reason why this isn't stressed more strongly in the ECDL literature is probably because ECDL isn't supposed to be specifically about MSOffice, MSO just happens to be the context in which the course operates. It'd be nice to see a future "Ooo" version of ECDL (god knows, the EC aren't fans of Microsoft), but translating the course materials (for a given version of Ooo), would probably take them a couple of years, and its probably difficult to predict the demand for an Ooo-specific version two years ahead. The courses //are// designed to try to avoid Microsoft-specific or Windows-specific methods (ECDL stresses using cut-and-paste, and almost entirely ignores OLE "Object Linking and Embedding"), but an "Office 2003" ECDL course will focus on getting the user to answer how certain things would be done under the target office suite. All the screenshots and questions will be designed with that in mind. An Ooo version would allow users to do their coursework with a "free" office suite, but some employers might be more dubious about what the resulting qualification was worth. ErkDemon (talk) 17:45, 25 October 2008 (UTC)

 * Maybe the ECDL is not supposed the be MS-centric, but it has certainly become so. I know three people who have taken it and so were supposedly computer literate, but two of those three were clueless when asked to work with other office suites i.e. Open Office & KOffice. They were only 'MS literate', not 'computer literate'. There has been a lot of criticism of the ECDL on similar grounds and surely this should appear in the article. I would add the criticism article myself but am unable to find any references to other than anecdotal evidence. Can anyone help with this? kimdino (talk) 23:19, 23 June 2010 (UTC)

 * I have just investigated doing the ECDL course with a couple of providers and found that they could provide the course in MS Windows, Mac or Linux. Due the varying characteristics of the different OSes different coursework must be supplied which means that the student needs to specify a system at the start. Thus it appears that any apparent bias comes from the student takeup and not the ECDL itself.kimdino (talk) 09:59, 24 June 2010 (UTC)

POV (Advertising)
This article reads as if it were copied directly from a web site that was trying to sell certification exams/courses. Someone who has direct knowledge of this subject should give this article some attention to make it more encyclopedic. Etphonehome 03:49, 15 July 2007 (UTC)

It's a qualification to help you get a job in an office really. Just microsoft office package training. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Special:Contributions/ (talk)

Name
Can we have some information added on why this is named as such? It has nothing to do with driving; it seems like "operation licence" would be more appropriate, unless "driving" refers to something more general in Europe. --Zantolak 03:49, 6 October 2007 (UTC)

It's about 'driving' a computer. What more can be said?kimdino (talk) 12:17, 24 June 2010 (UTC)

Rewrote
I rewrote this article after doing some research on their claims. Since I have no clue about this organization, I can only paraphrase their marketing jargon, but it still sounds biased to me. As an American, I found the whole idea of "computer literacy certification" bogus, we don't have that here. Also what is a "European Commission High Level Group"? --Voidvector 11:05, 12 October 2007 (UTC)

EC, & ESDIS

 * ... It's a "high level group" working for the European Commission (grin). Try Googling "ESDIS".

 * Basically, the EC group decided in 2001 to recommend that the EC "Establish a European diploma for basic information technology skills, with decentralised certification procedures". They recommended "That the ECDL be accepted as a Europe wide basic IT accreditation scheme, fulfilling the referenced eEurope2002 action line intention, without prejudice to either existing national schemes or the possibility of including other schemes."

 * One of the focal points of the EC's education and employment initiatives is to try to converge certain qualifications across different European countries, so that a qualification taken in one country can be understood and accepted in the others. Imagine the US job market if every US state had its own local educational qualifications - it'd be a real problem for people moving across the US, and's also put an extra load on employers who would have to try to keep track of what all these myriad local qualifications meant. In a lot of cases, European convergence isn't easy or practical because countries have their own traditional educational systems, but IT certification is a relatively fresh field without a lot of traditional infrastructure. The EC decided that if member countries were going to be attempting to standardise on "preferred" IT diplomas for basic office work, that it would be a good idea if they could all standardise on the same international syllabus, and that the EC were in a natural position to advise and coordinate the member states. The EC also decided that IT skills were a "strategic" resource, and that it was important for the development of the region that it was made easier for people to obtain these skills and enter the job market. A shortage of IT-aware employees hurts business, and if you also have a large number of unemployed, it makes sense to help some of those people to update their skills so that they can enter the general employment pool. How do you demonstrate basic office skills competency to an employer if you haven't actually got relevant work experience? You do some sort of diploma.
 * ESDIS advised that ECDL's approach be adopted as a tool for Europe-wide certification.

 * Another reason for having "recognised" qualifications structured like the ECDL is that it makes it easier to fund decentralised learning. If a country decides to have an initiative to update the skills of some of its office workforce (and help people get back into work by giving them experience and qualifications), and a not-for-profit body decides that it wants to do that training, then an agreed structure like the one provided by ECDL tells the training providers what they have to provide, and streamlines their application for funding. It also means that the funding body don't have to divert as many resources to checking who they give money to, because the ECDL Foundation handles quality control monitoring. Decentralisation also fits in nicely with the EC's aim of trying to reach out to disadvantaged communities that don't have easy access to conventional IT training, part of their remit is to try to promote more inclusivity in access to education and training. ErkDemon (talk) 16:52, 25 October 2008 (UTC)

Does anyone else actually do the ECDL here?
Because I do it and some of the stuff people have wrote on the site is wrong. You do have to do the last module to get the overall certification. Level 1 pass is 3 of them (i forget which ones) and level 2 is the other four. You can just stop doing the ECDL course with either certification but to complete the whole thing you have to complete level 1, 2 and the last module. CheersLindaaaaa. (talk) 13:15, 19 January 2008 (UTC)
 * I did the ECDL a while back. Broke the local speed record too. Frankly, I think it focuses too much on Microsoft, keeping the loop going. Just felt like saying that. --193.43.89.206 (talk) 19:49, 7 April 2008 (UTC)
 * I did the ECDL test while at Gymnasie in Sweden, it was back in 2000 and in my opinion as a computer geek it was fairly good certification for general office application suit. Lord Metroid (talk) 23:40, 15 September 2008 (UTC)

Foundation
Might be nice to know more about the "not for profit" Foundation Who exactly is behind it and how is it financed? According to a Foundation website it is registered in Ireland Laurel Bush (talk) 10:18, 11 March 2009 (UTC)

European vs International
Could someone add a section explaining why there are two different names (ICDL/ECDL), and in which contexts they are used? I'd also maybe like to see a map of places where the ICDL is recognized. 167.112.135.3 (talk) 16:49, 28 August 2010 (UTC)

ECDL Elite
"Upon achieving all five advanced qualifications, the individual can receive an "ECDL Elite" qualification. In the UK, this confers upon the person associate membership of the British Computer Society, should that person wish to sign up to a code of conduct and join BCS." -Removed this as I could find no reference to it on ECDL.org; it seems that it is an initiative of the British Computer Society, and as such would be more appropriate on that pageCathalll (talk) 16:35, 8 February 2011 (UTC)

Articles for deletion/Eipass
Note that there is a discussion at Articles for deletion/Eipass that is related to the ECDL. Unscintillating (talk) 03:16, 21 August 2012 (UTC)


text:
Blankety Blank

Blankety Blank is a British comedy game show which first aired in 1979. The show is based on the American game show Match Game, with contestants trying to match answers given by celebrity panellists to fill-in-the-blank questions.

The original series ran from 18 January 1979 to 12 March 1990 on BBC1, hosted first by Terry Wogan from 1979 until 1983, then by Les Dawson from 1984 until 1990. A revival hosted by Paul O'Grady (under his drag alter-ego Lily Savage) was produced by Pearson Television's UK subsidiary Fremantle (UK) Productions for BBC One from 26 December 1997 to 28 December 1999, followed with ITV from 7 January 2001 to 10 August 2002 as Lily Savage's Blankety Blank.

David Walliams hosted a one-off Christmas Special for ITV on 24 December 2016, with Bradley Walsh hosting a 2020 Christmas Special of the show for the BBC,  which in turn led to a second revival series that premiered on 2 October 2021.

Main game
Two contestants compete, each attempting to match as many of the six celebrity panellists as possible in a series of fill-in-the-blank statements.

The main game is played in two rounds. The contestant with initial control in each round is given a blind choice of two statements, "A" or "B", and the host reads the chosen one aloud, with one word missing that is indicated by the word "blank". Statements are frequently written with comedic, double entendre answers in mind. A classic example: "Did you catch a glimpse of that girl on the corner? She has the world's biggest blank."

While the contestant thinks of an answer, the celebrities write their responses on cards, without conferring. Once all six have done so, usually indicated by the celebrities lighting up their name card, the contestant states their answer. The host then asks the celebrities to reveal theirs, one at a time. The contestant scores one point for each celebrity whose answer is either an exact match or reasonably close, as determined by a panel of off-screen judges. The opposing contestant then takes a turn with the unused statement.

Initial control of the first round is determined by coin toss, while the trailing contestant after the first round starts the second. Only the celebrities that a contestant fails to match in the first round participate on that turn in the second, so there is only ever a maximum of six points possible. This also increases the chance of a tie-break. If a contestant makes all six matches in the first round, they sit out for the second and the opponent is given one chance to tie the score. Should the trailing contestant fail to at least tie the score, the game ends immediately without the leader having to take a turn.

The high scorer after two rounds wins the game and advances to the Supermatch. Ties are broken with one final question in which both contestants write down their responses and the celebrities then give their answers, one at a time. The first contestant to raise their matching answer wins; if the tiebreaker ends with no winner, a new question is played.

The "A"/"B" choice was eliminated when Les Dawson became the host, and reinstated once Lily Savage succeeded him.

Supermatch
The contestant is presented with a fill-in-the-blank phrase and must attempt to choose the most common response based on a studio audience survey. They may ask any three celebrities for help, then use one of those responses or offer one of their own. The contestant earns 150, 100 or 50 Blanks for matching the first, second, or third most popular answers, respectively. Failing to match any of these answers ends the round immediately.

A second main game is then played with two new contestants, and the winner plays the Supermatch as above. The winner who scores higher in the Supermatch becomes the day's champion; any ties are broken as in the main game. The champion then chooses one celebrity to match against on a short phrase, and an exact match doubles the number of Blanks earned in the Supermatch. Regardless of the outcome, the champion receives a prize whose value depends on the final total of Blanks. Each episode offers a star prize for 300 Blanks, requiring a contestant to match the most popular answer in their own Supermatch and win the head-to-head final.

On Lily Savage's Blankety Blank, the contestant with the highest Supermatch score or winner of a tiebreaker played the head-to-head round for an additional prize. In the current revival, both players play the tiebreaker even without a tie.

Supermatch prizes
Prizes on British game shows prior to 1990 were poor by modern standards. The Independent Broadcasting Authority restricted the value of prizes on ITV shows, and BBC-programme prizes were also of a modest value. Channels regulated by the Independent Broadcasting Authority were limited to the giving away prizes with the maximum value usually being £1,750. The poor-quality prizes on Blankety Blank became a running joke throughout the show's various runs, particularly during the Dawson era. Dawson drew attention to the fact that the prizes were less-than-mediocre, not pretending that the show had "fabulous prizes" as others did, but making a joke of it, such as referring to them as "fire salvaged" prizes.

The consolation prize was the Blankety Blank chequebook and pen, which Dawson would often call "The Blankety Blank chequepen and book!"

In 1993, the IBA prize limits had been lifted, and the star prize on the 1990s revival was generally a holiday.

In the 2021 series, the Supermatch prizes consist of £500, £750, and prize worth over £750.

Unaired pilots (1978)

 * Pilot 1 - Bernard Cribbins, Shirley Anne Field, Lulu, Jimmy Perry, Marjorie Proops, Jerry Stevens
 * Pilot 2 - Lennie Bennett, Jilly Cooper, Judy Cornwell, Wendy Craig, Peter Jones, Bill Tidy

Series 1 (1979)

 * Show 1 (18 January 1979) - George Baker, Lennie Bennett, Lorraine Chase, Judy Cornwell, Wendy Craig, Bill Tidy
 * Show 2 (25 January 1979) - Wendy Craig, Shirley Anne Field, David Hamilton, Karen Kay, Ron Moody, Patrick Moore
 * Show 3 (1 February 1979) - Lorraine Chase, Jack Douglas, Diane Keen, Michael Parkinson, Beryl Reid, Ian Wallace
 * Show 4 (8 February 1979) - Shirley Anne Field, Brian Murphy, Jon Pertwee, Beryl Reid, Isla St Clair, Bill Tidy
 * Show 5 (15 February 1979) - Michael Barrymore, Liza Goddard, Peter Jones, Kate O'Mara, Margaret Powell, Bernie Winters
 * Show 6 (22 February 1979) - Lorraine Chase, Paul Daniels, Anna Dawson, Derek Griffiths, Patrick Moore, Peggy Mount
 * Show 7 (1 March 1979) - Faith Brown, Judy Cornwell, Windsor Davies, Peter Jones, Bobby Knutt, June Whitfield
 * Show 8 (15 March 1979) - Janet Brown, Wendy Craig, David Jason, Alfred Marks, Ted Moult, Isla St Clair
 * Show 9 (22 March 1979) - Marti Caine, Karen Kay, Diane Keen, Alfred Marks, Jerry Stevens, Bill Tidy
 * Show 10 (29 March 1979) - Anna Dawson, Shirley Anne Field, Roy Hudd, Nicholas Parsons, Beryl Reid, Eddie Waring
 * Show 11 (5 April 1979) - Faith Brown, Lorraine Chase, David Jason, Humphrey Lyttelton, Johnny More, Kate O'Mara
 * Show 12 (12 April 1979) - Alexandra Bastedo, Peter Bull, Paul Daniels, Mollie Sugden, Bill Tidy, Dilys Watling
 * Show 13 (19 April 1979) - Lennie Bennett, Liza Goddard, Nerys Hughes, Peter Jones, Una McLean, Patrick Moore
 * Show 14 (26 April 1979) - Keith Harris, Karen Kay, Diane Langton, Pete Murray, Isla St Clair, Jerry Stevens
 * Show 15 (3 May 1979) - Lorraine Chase, Val Doonican, David Hamilton, Dickie Henderson, Karen Kay, Elaine Stritch
 * Show 16 (10 May 1979) - David Copperfield, Paul Daniels, Stacy Dorning, Jack Douglas, Beryl Reid, Wanda Ventham

Series 2 (1979)

 * Show 1 (6 September 1979) - Lennie Bennett, Patricia Brake, Shirley Anne Field, Roy Hudd, David Jacobs, Beryl Reid
 * Show 2 (13 September 1979) - Wendy Craig, Jack Douglas, Judy Geeson, Little and Large, Aimi MacDonald, Patrick Moore
 * Show 3 (20 September 1979) - Lorraine Chase, Paul Daniels, Percy Edwards, Diane Keen, Roy Kinnear, Julia McKenzie
 * Show 4 (27 September 1979) - Lennie Bennett, Rolf Harris, John Inman, Karen Kay, Barbara Kelly, Una Stubbs
 * Show 5 (4 October 1979) - Lorraine Chase, Barry Cryer, Russell Harty, Lulu, Michael Parkinson, Beryl Reid
 * Show 6 (11 October 1979) - Katie Boyle, Kenny Everett, Liza Goddard, Alfred Marks, Ted Moult, Una Stubbs
 * Show 7 (18 October 1979) - Larry Grayson, David Jason, Moira Lister, Pete Murray, Isla St Clair, Barbara Windsor
 * Show 8 (25 October 1979) - David Bellamy, Sandra Dickinson, Shirley Anne Field, Bobby Knutt, Julia McKenzie, Alfred Marks
 * Show 9 (1 November 1979) - Amanda Barrie, Paul Daniels, Barbara Kelly, Sue Lawley, Patrick Moore, Richard O'Sullivan
 * Show 10 (8 November 1979) - Janet Brown, Lorraine Chase, Deryck Guyler, Roy Hudd, David Jason, Lulu
 * Show 11 (15 November 1979) - Dora Bryan, Henry Cooper, Windsor Davies, Larry Grayson, Aimi MacDonald, Françoise Pascal
 * Show 12 (22 November 1979) - Lennie Bennett, Gemma Craven, David Hamilton, Willie Rushton, Una Stubbs, Barbara Windsor
 * Show 13 (29 November 1979) - Arthur Askey, Anna Dawson, Sandra Dickinson, Terry Hall, Johnny More, Beryl Reid
 * Show 14 (6 December 1979) - Arthur Askey, Wendy Craig, Liza Goddard, David Hamilton, Diane Keen, Derek Nimmo
 * Show 15 (13 December 1979) - Pat Coombs, Jack Douglas, Judy Geeson, Keith Harris, David Jacobs, Beryl Reid
 * Show 16 (20 December 1979) - Lorraine Chase, Henry Cooper, Kenny Everett, Thora Hird, Karen Kay, Roy Kinnear

Series 3 (1980)

 * Show 1 (4 September 1980) - Katie Boyle, Janet Brown, Lorraine Chase, Barry Cryer, Val Doonican, Kenny Everett
 * Show 2 (11 September 1980) - Paul Daniels, John Junkin, Barbara Kelly, Maureen Lipman, Patrick Moore, Madeline Smith
 * Show 3 (18 September 1980) - Lennie Bennett, Judy Carne, Roy Kinnear, Julia McKenzie, Albert Pontefract, Nyree Dawn Porter
 * Show 4 (25 September 1980) - Ray Alan, Christopher Biggins, Pat Coombs, Liza Goddard, Tom O'Connor, Beryl Reid
 * Show 5 (2 October 1980) - Arthur Askey, Norman Collier, Sandra Dickinson, Diana Dors, David Hamilton, Isla St Clair
 * Show 6 (9 October 1980) - Tim Brooke-Taylor, Windsor Davies, Carol Drinkwater, Alfred Marks, Beryl Reid, Barbara Windsor
 * Show 7 (16 October 1980) - Norman Collier, Liza Goddard, David Jason, John Junkin, Annie Ross, Molly Weir
 * Show 8 (23 October 1980) - Tim Brooke-Taylor, Lorraine Chase, Noele Gordon, Larry Grayson, Roy Hudd, Sylvia Syms
 * Show 9 (30 October 1980) - Patti Boulaye, Paul Daniels, David Hamilton, Peter Jones, Libby Morris, Dilys Watling
 * Show 10 (6 November 1980) - Lennie Bennett, Bernard Cribbins, Diana Dors, Jack Douglas, Karen Kay, Rula Lenska
 * Show 11 (13 November 1980) - Isla Blair, Henry Cooper, Les Dawson, Brian Murphy, Beryl Reid, Isla St Clair
 * Show 12 (20 November 1980) - Shirley Anne Field, Rolf Harris, The Krankies, Libby Morris, Tom O'Connor, Madeline Smith
 * Show 13 (27 November 1980) - Patricia Brake, Judy Geeson, Roy Hudd, David Jacobs, Beryl Reid, Willie Rushton
 * Show 14 (4 December 1980) - Kenny Everett, Pearly Gates, Maureen Lipman, Patrick Moore, Tony Selby, Sylvia Syms
 * Show 15 (11 December 1980) - Lorraine Chase, Bernard Cribbins, Paul Daniels, Jill Gascoine, Pete Murray, Barbara Woodhouse

Series 4 (1981)

 * Show 1 (3 September 1981) - Lenny Henry, David Jacobs, Roy Kinnear, Beryl Reid, Madeline Smith, Tracey Ullman
 * Show 2 (10 September 1981) - Kenny Everett, David Hamilton, Sally James, Derek Nimmo, Wendy Richard, June Whitfield
 * Show 3 (17 September 1981) - Katie Boyle, Lorraine Chase, Liza Goddard, Russell Harty, Roy Hudd, Jimmy Tarbuck
 * Show 4 (24 September 1981) - Sandra Dickinson, Arthur English, John Junkin, Spike Milligan, Beryl Reid, Dilys Watling
 * Show 5 (1 October 1981) - Frank Carson, Norman Collier, Anita Harris, Ruth Madoc, Patrick Moore, Madeline Smith
 * Show 6 (8 October 1981) - Barry Cryer, Noele Gordon, Larry Grayson, Roz Hanby, Anita Harris, Alfred Marks
 * Show 7 (15 October 1981) - Pat Coombs, Sandra Dickinson, Jack Douglas, Carol Drinkwater, Patrick Moore, Jimmy Tarbuck
 * Show 8 (22 October 1981) - Lorraine Chase, Henry Cooper, Cyril Fletcher, Karen Kay, Beryl Reid, Bernie Winters
 * Show 9 (29 October 1981) - Anita Harris, Lenny Henry, Fred Housego, Maureen Lipman, Dinah Sheridan, Jimmy Tarbuck
 * Show 10 (5 November 1981) - Janet Brown, Frank Carson, Windsor Davies, Shirley Ann Field, Liza Goddard, Pete Murray
 * Show 11 (12 November 1981) - Tony Blackburn, Lorraine Chase, Leslie Crowther, Carol Drinkwater, Mike Reid, Dinah Sheridan
 * Show 12 (19 November 1981) - Patricia Brake, Billy Dainty, Shirley Anne Field, Fred Housego, Roy Hudd, Beryl Reid
 * Show 13 (26 November 1981) - Barry Cryer, Anna Dawson, Sandra Dickinson, Michele Dotrice, Kenny Everett, Patrick Moore
 * Show 14 (3 December 1981) - Judith Chalmers, Leslie Crowther, Carol Drinkwater, David Hamilton, Rula Lenska, Jimmy Tarbuck
 * Show 15 (10 December 1981) - Dawn Addams, Bernie Clifton, Julia McKenzie, Brian Murphy, Derek Nimmo, Tessa Wyatt
 * Show 16 (17 December 1981) - Janet Brown, Billy Dainty, Paul Daniels, Cyril Fletcher, Rula Lenska, Tessa Wyatt

Series 5 (1982)

 * Show 1 (4 September 1982) - Patricia Brake, Carol Drinkwater, Larry Grayson, David Hamilton, Vincent Price, Beryl Reid
 * Show 2 (11 September 1982) - Pat Coombs, Jack Douglas, Kenny Everett, Anita Harris, Patrick Moore, Wendy Richard
 * Show 3 (18 September 1982) - Lorraine Chase, Henry Cooper, Roy Hudd, Nerys Hughes, Gloria Hunniford, Jimmy Tarbuck
 * Show 4 (25 September 1982) - Judith Chalmers, Leslie Crowther, Sandra Dickinson, Ken Dodd, Liza Goddard, Jonathan King
 * Show 5 (2 October 1982) - Tony Blackburn, Sarah Greene, Cyril Fletcher, Anita Harris, Spike Milligan, Beryl Reid
 * Show 6 (9 October 1982) - Tim Brooke-Taylor, Lorraine Chase, Lynsey de Paul, Fred Housego, Ruth Madoc, Bernie Winters
 * Show 7 (16 October 1982) - Tom O'Connor, Dana, Jim Davidson, David Hamilton, Susan Hanson, Gloria Hunniford
 * Show 8 (23 October 1982) - Lynsey De Paul, Fenella Fielding, Clement Freud, John Junkin, Wendy Richard, Ted Rogers
 * Show 9 (30 October 1982) - Barry Cryer, Dana, Kenny Everett, Noele Gordon, Danny La Rue, Maggie Philbin
 * Show 10 (6 November 1982) - Katie Boyle, Frank Carson, Bonnie Langford, Henry McGee, Patrick Moore, Tessa Wyatt
 * Show 11 (13 November 1982) - Floella Benjamin, Lorraine Chase, Norman Collier, Kenny Everett, Patrick Moore, Beryl Reid
 * Show 12 (20 November 1982) - Janet Brown, Suzanne Dando, Sandra Dickinson, Larry Grayson, Lenny Henry, Henry McGee
 * Show 13 (27 November 1982) - Pat Coombs, Ken Dodd, Stu Francis, Nerys Hughes, Roy Kinnear, Tessa Wyatt

Series 6 (1983)

 * Show 1 (3 September 1983) - Windsor Davies, Sandra Dickinson, Kenny Everett, Larry Grayson, Beryl Reid, Anneka Rice
 * Show 2 (10 September 1983) - Russell Grant, Anita Harris, Gloria Hunniford, Roy Kinnear, Wendy Richard, Ted Rogers
 * Show 3 (17 September 1983) - Tim Brooke-Taylor, Lynsey de Paul, Ruth Madoc, Nicholas Parsons, Kathy Staff, Freddie Starr
 * Show 4 (24 September 1983) - Leslie Ash, Dana, Cyril Fletcher, Mike Read, Beryl Reid, Bernie Winters
 * Show 5 (1 October 1983) - Tony Blackburn, Janet Brown, Annabel Etklnd, Henry McGee, Ted Rogers, Sheila White
 * Show 6 (8 October 1983) - Lynda Baron, Lorraine Chase, Janet Ellis, Kenny Everett, Russell Grant, Patrick Moore
 * Show 7 (15 October 1983) - Sandra Dickinson, Larry Grayson, Patricia Hayes, Roy Kinnear, Jan Leeming, Bernie Winters
 * Show 8 (22 October 1983) - Joe Brown, Norman Collier, Lynsey De Paul, Gloria Hunniford, Danny La Rue, Wendy Richard
 * Show 9 (29 October 1983) - Floella Benjamin, Barry Cryer, Sabina Franklyn, Patricia Hayes, Roger Kitter, Patrick Moore
 * Show 10 (5 November 1983) - Lorraine Chase, Pat Coombs, Sandra Dickinson, Roy Hudd, John Inman, Derek Nimmo
 * Show 11 (12 November 1983) - Cilla Black, Henry Cooper, Sabina Franklyn, Keith Harris, Lenny Henry, June Whitfield
 * Show 12 (19 November 1983) - Nerys Hughes, Jonathan King, Anneka Rice, Ted Rogers, Wayne Sleep, Sheila Steafel
 * Show 13 (26 November 1983) - Judith Chalmers, Henry Cooper, Sabina Franklyn, Roy Hudd, Diana Moran, Freddie Starr
 * Show 14 (3 December 1983) - Lorraine Chase, Kenny Everett, Noele Gordon, Patrick Moore, Cleo Laine, Paul Shane

Series 7 (1984)

 * Show 1 (7 September 1984) - Lorraine Chase, Henry Cooper, Barry Cryer, Stacy Dorning, Sheila Ferguson, Tom O'Connor
 * Show 2 (14 September 1984) - Janet Ellis, Roy Hudd, Karen Kay, Matthew Kelly, Ted Rogers, Lizzie Webb
 * Show 3 (21 September 1984) - Dana, Janice Long, Johnny More, Wendy Richard, Danny La Rue, Chris Tarrant
 * Show 4 (28 September 1984) - Dana, Windsor Davies, Bobby Davro, Sabina Franklyn, Don Maclean, Linda Nolan
 * Show 5 (5 October 1984) - Lorraine Chase, Les Dennis, Sabina Franklyn, Dustin Gee, Kelly Monteith, Anneka Rice
 * Show 6 (19 October 1984) - Geoff Capes, Lynsey de Paul, Jan Leeming, Don Maclean, Spike Milligan, Claire Rayner
 * Show 7 (26 October 1984) - Lynsey de Paul, Sheila Ferguson, Johnny More, Anneka Rice, Jeff Stevenson, Dennis Waterman
 * Show 8 (9 November 1984) - Keith Barron, Kirsten Cooke, Pat Coombs, John Junkin, Roy Kinnear, Wendy Richard
 * Show 9 (16 November 1984) - Sandra Dickinson, Stu Francis, Cherry Gillespie, Paul Shane, Frank Thornton, Lizzie Webb
 * Show 10 (23 November 1984) - Cheryl Baker, Keith Harris, Finola Hughes, Nicholas Lyndhurst, Mike Reid, Mollie Sugden
 * Show 11 (30 November 1984) - Janet Brown, Roy Kinnear, Joanna Monro, Linda Nolan, Duncan Norvelle, Jon Pertwee
 * Show 12 (7 December 1984) - Stan Boardman, Henry Kelly, Bonnie Langford, Bertice Reading, Beryl Reid, Cyril Smith
 * Show 13 (14 December 1984) - Jeff Stevenson, Faith Brown, Lonnie Donegan, Ruth Madoc, Keith Harris, Lynsey de Paul

Series 8 (1985)

 * Show 1 (11 January 1985) - Des Lynam, Faith Brown, Chris Serle, Sally James, Mike Reid, Pat Coombs
 * Show 2 (18 January 1985) - Stan Boardman, Mollie Sugden, Paul Heiney, Wendy Richard, Gary Wilmot, Tessa Wyatt
 * Show 3 (25 January 1985) - Dave Lee Travis, June Whitfield, Pete Murray, Cherry Gillespie, Roy Kinnear, Liz Fraser
 * Show 4 (1 February 1985) - Roy Walker, Janet Brown, Fred Housego, Tessa Sanderson, Bobby Davro, Patricia Hayes
 * Show 5 (8 February 1985) - Tony Blackburn, Sheila Ferguson, Nicholas Lyndhurst, Sabina Franklyn, Willie Rushton, Rula Lenska
 * Show 6 (19 February 1985) - Barry Cryer, Bertice Reading, Guy Michelmore, Sharron Davies, David Copperfield, Anna Raeburn
 * Show 7 (26 February 1985) - Ian McCaskill, Claire Rayner, David Jacobs, Wincey Willis, Bernard Manning, Aimi MacDonald
 * Show 8 (5 March 1985) - Fred Feast, David Jacobs, Lesley Judd, Jonathan King, Claire Rayner, Wincey Willis
 * Show 9 (12 March 1985) - Duncan Norvelle, Barbara Windsor, Chris Tarrant, Sarah Greene, Frank Carson, Leslie Ash
 * Show 10 (19 March 1985) - Michael Barrymore, Sandra Dickinson, Nicholas Parsons, Emily Bolton, Rolf Harris, Sue Cook
 * Show 11 (26 March 1985) – Jimmy Cricket, Bella Emberg, Sarah Greene, Mike Nolan, Duncan Norvelle, June Whitfield

Series 9 (1985–86)

 * Show 1 (6 September 1985) - Pat Coombs, David Jacobs, Roy Kinnear, Bonnie Langford, Aimi MacDonald, Dave Lee Travis
 * Show 2 (13 September 1985) - Joe Brown, Billy Dainty, Dana, Tessa Sanderson, Kathy Staff, Chris Tarrant
 * Show 3 (20 September 1985) - Tony Blackburn, Joyce Blair, Faith Brown, Norman Collier, Suzanne Dando, Nicholas Smith
 * Show 4 (27 September 1985) - Madeline Bell, Henry Cooper, David Copperfield, John Junkin, Ruth Madoc, Madeline Smith
 * Show 5 (4 October 1985) - Fern Britton, Bill Buckley, Lesley Judd, Lance Percival, Jean Rook, Norman Vaughan
 * Show 6 (11 October 1985) - Bella Emberg, Pete Murray, Linda Nolan, Bill Pertwee, Fiona Richmond, Frankie Vaughan
 * Show 7 (18 October 1985) - Charlie Daze, Peter Goodwright, Polly James, Eddie Kidd, Bertice Reading, Anneka Rice
 * Show 8 (25 October 1985) - Janet Brown, Gary Davies, Lynsey De Paul, Cyril Fletcher, Nerys Hughes, Tommy Trinder
 * Show 9 (1 November 1985) - Stacy Dorning, Aiden J. Harvey, Sally James, Nicholas Parsons, Claire Rayner, Bernie Winters
 * Show 10 (8 November 1985) - Floella Benjamin, Katie Boyle, Susan Hanson, Alfred Marks, Duncan Norvelle, Peter Stringfellow
 * Show 11 (15 November 1985) - Lionel Blair, Sharron Davies, Don Estelle, Jill Gascoine, Paul Shane, June Whitfield
 * Show 12 (22 November 1985) - Arthur English, Shirley Anne Field, Liz Fraser, Rolf Harris, Sue Lloyd
 * Show 13 (29 November 1985) - Johnny Ball, Simon Bates, Samantha Fox, Marian Montgomery, Mike Newman, Anna Raeburn
 * Show 14 (6 December 1985) - Anna Dawson, Clive Dunn, Clement Freud, Thora Hird, Karen Kay, Kenny Lynch
 * Show 15 (13 December 1985) - Karen Barber, Geoff Capes, David Hamilton, Mary Parkinson, Ted Rogers, Helen Shapiro
 * Show 16 (20 December 1985) - Ken Dodd, Cherry Gillespie, Anita Harris, Roland Rat, Wendy Richard, Freddie Trueman
 * Show 17 (3 January 1986) - Cheryl Baker, Sandra Dickinson, Diana Moran, Michael Parkinson, Danny La Rue, Dave Wolfe
 * Show 18 (10 January 1986) - Leslie Ash, Lynda Baron, Tracey Childs, Bernie Clifton, Jack Douglas, John Dunn
 * Show 19 (24 January 1986) - Barry Cryer, Georgia Brown, Bobby Knutt, Sarah Payne, Keith Harris, Dinah Sheridan
 * Show 20 (7 February 1986) - Peter Alliss, Debbie Arnold, Roy Barraclough, Janice Long, Bertice Reading, Mike Reid
 * Show 21 (21 March 1986) - Rory Bremner, Harry Carpenter, Vince Hill, Liz Robertson, Marti Webb, Barbara Windsor

Series 10 (1986–87)

 * Show 1 (5 September 1986) - Lionel Blair, Felix Bowness, Samantha Fox, Roy Kinnear, Maggie Moone, Bertice Reading
 * Show 2 (12 September 1986) - Bruno Brookes, Eve Ferret, Sara Hollamby, Nerys Hughes, Derek Jameson, Freddie Trueman
 * Show 3 (19 September 1986) - Henry Cooper, Dana, Les Dennis, Ruth Madoc, Fiona Richmond, Bernie Winters
 * Show 4 (26 September 1986) - Janet Brown, Dave Lee Travis, Sabina Franklyn, Alfred Marks, Diana Moran, David Wilkie
 * Show 5 (3 October 1986) - Lynn Faulds Wood, Lynda Lee-Potter, Linda Lusardi, Peter Powell, Barry Sheene, Gary Wilmot
 * Show 6 (10 October 1986) - Moyra Bremner, Fenella Fielding, Sarah Greene, Roy Hudd, John Junkin, Mike Smith
 * Show 7 (17 October 1986) - Cheryl Baker, Lynda Baron, Joe Brown, Norman Collier, Belinda Lang, Chris Serle
 * Show 8 (24 October 1986) - Lennie Bennett, Bella Emberg, Rolf Harris, Lesley Judd, Karen Kay, Dixie Peach
 * Show 9 (31 October 1986) - Gary Davies, William Gaunt, Madhur Jaffrey, Mary Parkinson, Mandy Shires, Nicholas Smith
 * Show 10 (7 November 1986) - Roy Barraclough, Rustie Lee, Jan Leeming, Linda Nolan, Paul Shane, Jeff Stevenson
 * Show 11 (14 November 1986) - Floella Benjamin, Barry Cryer, Jenny Hanley, Tom O'Connor, Greg Rogers, Dinah Sheridan
 * Show 12 (28 November 1986) - Peter Dean, Leslie Grantham, Paul Medford, Sandy Ratcliff, Wendy Richard, Gillian Taylforth
 * Show 13 (16 January 1987) - David Griffin, Jeffrey Holland, Ruth Madoc, Su Pollard, Linda Regan, Paul Shane
 * Show 14 (23 January 1987) - Frank Carson, Suzanne Dando, Emlyn Hughes, Janice Long, Mike Nolan, Claire Rayner
 * Show 15 (30 January 1987) - Peter Goodwright, Sneh Gupta, Thora Hird, Ian Krankie, Jeanette Krankie, Tom Pepper
 * Show 16 (6 February 1987) - Sally Brampton, Keith Chegwin, Linda Hayden, Duncan Norvelle, Carmen Silvera, Alan Titchmarsh
 * Show 17 (13 February 1987) - Cherry Gillespie, Deryck Guyler, Aimi MacDonald, Jean Rook, Peter Stringfellow, Charlie Williams
 * Show 18 (20 February 1987) - The Beverley Sisters, Michael Fish, John Kettley, Ian McCaskill
 * Show 19 (27 February 1987) - Simon Bates, Hazell Dean, Les Dennis, Mike Newman, Arlene Phillips, Tessa Sanderson
 * Show 20 (6 March 1987) - Richard Gibson, Francesca Gonshaw, Gorden Kaye, Vicki Michelle, Carmen Silvera, Guy Siner
 * Show 21 (3 April 1987) - Lionel Blair, Aimi MacDonald, Joe Brown, Duncan Norvelle, Suzanne Dando, Mary Parkinson, Gary Davies, Peter Powell, Janice Long, Bertice Reading, Linda Lusardi, Bernie Winters

Series 11 (1987–88)

 * Show 1 (18 September 1987) - Lynda Baron, Roy Castle, John Conteh, Linda Nolan, Mike Reid, Lena Zavaroni
 * Show 2 (25 September 1987) - Frank Bough, Bill Buckley, Anne Gregg, John Pitman, Gillian Reynolds, Kathy Tayler
 * Show 3 (2 October 1987) - Jim Bowen, Linda Davidson, John Junkin, Rustie Lee, Linda Lusardi, Paul Shane
 * Show 4 (9 October 1987) - Joe Brown, Dana, Paul Heiney, Janice Long, Claire Rayner, Frankie Vaughan
 * Show 5 (16 October 1987) - Beverley Adams, Frank Carson, Barry Cryer, Christian Dion, Su Ingle, Nina Myskow
 * Show 6 (23 October 1987) - Bernie Clifton, Doc Cox, Gloria Gaynor, Maggie Moone, Gillian Taylforth, Dave Lee Travis
 * Show 7 (30 October 1987) - Geoff Capes, Norman Collier, Bella Emberg, Rula Lenska, Dinah Sheridan, Dennis Waterman
 * Show 8 (6 November 1987) - Cherry Gillespie, Debbie McGee, Duncan Norvelle, Wendy Richard, David Wilkie, Charlie Williams
 * Show 9 (13 November 1987) - Cheryl Baker, Bernard Cribbins, Mark Curry, Jean Ferguson, Roy Walker, Barbara Windsor
 * Show 10 (20 November 1987) - Thora Hird, Terry Marsh, Mo Moreland, Cynthia Payne, Bernie Winters, Steve Wright
 * Show 11 (4 December 1987) - Joe Brown, Charlie Daze, Nerys Hughes, Victor Kiam, Ellie Laine, Angela Rippon
 * Show 12 (11 December 1987) - Pat Coombs, Henry Cooper, Barry Cryer, Debbie Greenwood, Jenny Hanley, Tom Pepper
 * Show 13 (18 December 1987) - Emlyn Hughes, Jan Leeming, Jessica Martin, Tom O'Connor, Ted Robbins, Sally Thomsett
 * Show 14 (1 January 1988) - Ken Bruce, Bernie Clifton, Bonnie Langford, Ian McCaskill, Ami MacDonald, Kathy Staff
 * Show 15 (8 January 1988) - Suzie Aitchison, Harry Carpenter, Frank Carson, Claire Rayner, Liz Robertson, Phillip Schofield
 * Show 16 (15 January 1988) - Karen Barber, Les Dennis, Peter Goodright, Lisa Maxwell, Mary Parkinson, Peter Powell
 * Show 17 (22 January 1988) - Norman Collier, Vince Hill, Joe Longthorne, Wendy Richard, Anne Robinson, Tessa Sanderson
 * Show 18 (29 January 1988) - Floella Benjamin, Suzanne Dando, Wayne Dobson, Arthur English, Aimi MacDonald, Freddie Trueman
 * Show 19 (12 February 1988) - Karen Kay, Ian Krankie, Jeanette Krankie, Bill Owen, Anna Raeburn, Alvin Stardust
 * Show 20 (19 February 1988) - Pamela Armstrong, June Brown, Gary Davies, Samantha Fox, Henry Kelly, Kenny Lynch
 * Show 21 (26 February 1988) - Lionel Blair, Debbie Greenwood, Danny La Rue, Aimi Macdonald, Duncan Norvelle, Bertice Reading

Series 12 (1988)

 * Show 1 (9 September 1988) - John Dunn, Henry Kelly, Vicki Michelle, Hilary O'Neil, Wendy Richard, Freddie Trueman
 * Show 2 (16 September 1988) - Lynda Baron, Joe Brown, Eddie Edwards, Bonnie Langford, Rose Marie, Greg Rogers
 * Show 3 (7 October 1988) - Floella Benjamin, Nerys Hughes, Ellie Laine, Chris Serle, Paul Shane, Roy Walker
 * Show 4 (14 October 1988) - Christopher Biggins, Gavin Campbell, Su Ingle, Sandy Ratcliff, Claire Rayner, Steve Wright
 * Show 5 (21 October 1988) - Simon Dee, Linda Nolan, Bill Oddie, Judi Spiers, Kathy Staff, Mark Walker
 * Show 6 (28 October 1988) - Rachel Bell, Frank Carson, Suzanne Dando, William Gaunt, Tom Pepper, Sheila Steafel
 * Show 7 (4 November 1988) - Henry Cooper, Debbie Greenwood, Jan Leeming, Phillip Schofield, Dave Lee Travis, June Whitfield
 * Show 8 (11 November 1988) - Brian Blessed, Paul Coia, Doc Cox, Louise Jameson, Rustie Lee, Carmen Silvera
 * Show 9 (25 November 1988) - Vince Hill, Caron Keating, Linda Lusardi, Claire Rayner, Mike Reid, Bill Wiggins
 * Show 10 (2 December 1988) - Geoff Capes, Bernie Clifton, Barry Cryer, Bella Emberg, Debbie McGee, Adrienne Posta
 * Show 11 (9 December 1988) - Lionel Blair, Mark Curry, Lisa Maxwell, Mollie Sugden, Gillian Taylforth, Frankie Vaughan
 * Show 12 (16 December 1988) - Stan Boardman, Jean Boht, John Craven, Peter Goodwright, Aimi MacDonald, Jane Marie Osborne

Series 13 (1989–90)

 * Show 1 (7 September 1989) - Terence Alexander, Cheryl Baker, Gary Davies, Frances Edmonds, Vicki Michelle, Duncan Norvelle
 * Show 2 (14 September 1989) - Rachel Bell, Gyles Brandreth, Rose-Marie, Buster Merryfield, Maggie Moone, Steve Wright
 * Show 3 (21 September 1989) - Trevor Brooking, Joe Brown, Dana, Jimmy Hill, Rustie Lee, Judi Spiers
 * Show 4 (28 September 1989) - Pamela Armstrong, Colin Berry, Rodney Bewes, Paul Shane, Joan Sims, Gillian Taylforth
 * Show 5 (5 October 1989) - Bill Buckley, Tom O'Connor, Jill Goolden, Henry Kelly, Bertice Reading, Kathy Tayler
 * Show 6 (12 October 1989) - Stan Boardman, Bella Emberg, Diana Moran, Linda Nolan, Dave Lee Travis, John Virgo
 * Show 7 (30 November 1989) - Jill Gascoine, Anne Gregg, Roy Hudd, Ted Robbins, Barbara Shelley, Gary Wilmot
 * Show 8 (7 December 1989) - Jean Alexander, Roy Barraclough, John Conteh, Andy Crane, Louise Jameson, Tessa Sanderson
 * Show 9 (14 December 1989) - Christopher Biggins, Lorraine Chase, Bernard Cribbins, Phillip Schofield, Vivien Stuart, Barbara Windsor
 * Show 10 (21 December 1989) - Ray Clemence, Pat Coombs, Barry Cryer, Derek Hatton, Aimi Macdonald, Lisa Maxwell
 * Show 11 (1 January 1990) - Lynda Baron, William Gaunt, Bonnie Langford, Adrian Mills, Mike Reid, Carmen Silvera
 * Show 12 (8 January 1990) - Frank Carson, Doc Cox, Sharron Davies, Jenny Hanley, Mo Moreland, Kevin Woodford
 * Show 13 (15 January 1990) - Joe Brown, Bernie Clifton, Ian Krankie, Janette Krankie, Janice Long, Anthea Turner
 * Show 14 (22 January 1990) - Tina Baker, Bruno Brookes, Pamela Power, Wendy Richard, Frankie Vaughan, Bernie Winters
 * Show 15 (29 January 1990) - Floella Benjamin, Michael Groth, Vince Hill, Sue Lloyd, Gail McKenna, Charlie Williams
 * Show 16 (5 February 1990) - Henry Cooper, Caron Keating, Ellie Laine, Dave Lee Travis, Jeff Stevenson, Mollie Sugden
 * Show 17 (12 February 1990) - Aiden J. Harvey, Nerys Hughes, Debbie McGee, Vicki Michelle, Billy Pearce, Roy Walker
 * Show 18 (26 February 1990) - Lynsey de Paul, Karen Kay, Patrick Macnee, Barry McGuigan, Mick Miller, Linda Thorson
 * Show 19 (5 March 1990) - Gavin Campbell, Julian Clary, Polly James, Danny La Rue, Rose-Marie, Jane Marie Osborne
 * Show 20 (12 March 1990) - John Craven, Mark Curry, Thora Hird, Matthew Kelly, Linda Lewis, Cleo Rocos

Series 14 (1998)

 * Show 1 (8 May 1998) - Jill Dando, Norman Pace, Liz Dawn, Susan Penhaligon, Richard Whiteley, Graham Cole
 * Show 2 (15 May 1998) - William Roache, Ruth Madoc, Jonathan Kerrigan, Sarah Greene, Bob Mills, Isla Fisher
 * Show 3 (22 May 1998) - Sherrie Hewson, Andrew Lynford, Barbara Dickson, Mark Little, Siân Lloyd, John Virgo
 * Show 4 (29 May 1998) - Stephen Gately, Michelle Collins, Lesley Garrett, Anne Robinson, Nick Owen, Stephen Hendry
 * Show 5 (5 June 1998) - June Whitfield, Joe Pasquale, Jeff Rawle, Tim Vincent, Carol Vorderman, Wendy Richard
 * Show 6 (12 June 1998) - Rhino, Jean Ferguson, Mike Smith, Natalie Cassidy, Les Dennis, Liza Tarbuck
 * Show 7 (25 July 1998) - Robert Duncan, Sarah Greene, Gareth Hale, Kazia Pelka, Jamie Theakston, Sonia
 * Show 8 (1 August 1998) - Gaby Roslin, June Brown, Rhona Cameron, Mark Little, Brian Murphy, Gray O'Brien
 * Show 9 (8 August 1998) - John Savident, Ian McKellen, Sherrie Hewson, Ainsley Harriott, Janet Street-Porter, Fiona Phillips
 * Show 10 (15 August 1998) - Sue Cook, Paul Ross, Stephen Gately, Liz Smith, Howard Antony, Michelle Collins
 * Show 11 (5 September 1998) - Clive Mantle, Liz Dawn, Thora Hird, Lisa I'Anson, Desmond Lynam, John Leslie
 * Show 12 (12 September 1998) - Fern Britton, Richard Orford, George Sewell, Gayle Tuesday, Bradley Walsh, June Whitfield
 * Show 13 (19 September 1998) - Rebecca Callard, Sophie Lawrence, Davina McCall, Ian McKellen, Gray O'Brien, Dale Winton

Series 15 (1999)

 * Show 1 (26 June 1999) - Barbara Windsor, Ant McPartlin, Roy Barraclough, Roger Black, Jane Danson, Lorraine Kelly
 * Show 2 (3 July 1999) - Thora Hird, Sherrie Hewson, Steve Rider, Malandra Burrows, Keith Barron, Will Mellor
 * Show 3 (10 July 1999) - June Whitfield, Richard Madeley, Kathy Staff, Andi Peters, Liz Carling, Neil Ruddock
 * Show 4 (17 July 1999) - June Whitfield, Eric Richard, Denise Welch, Ricky Tomlinson, Samuel Kane, Shauna Lowry
 * Show 5 (24 July 1999) - Michael Fish, Mica Paris, Paul Barber, Sonia, Samuel Kane, Carol Harrison
 * Show 6 (31 July 1999) - Donald Sinden, Liz Dawn, Dale Winton, Sian Lloyd, Nadia Sawalha, Norman Pace
 * Show 7 (25 September 1999) - Edward Woodward, Denise Welch, Deena Payne, Scott Neal, Richard Whiteley, Gayle Tuesday
 * Show 8 (2 October 1999) - Wendy Richard, John Motson, Carol Smillie, William Roache, Adele Silva, Phil Gayle
 * Show 9 (9 October 1999) - Honor Blackman, Gaby Roslin, Steven Pinder, Penny Smith, Keith Duffy, Bill Owen
 * Show 10 (16 October 1999) - Donald Sinden, Liz Dawn, Samuel Kane, Dale Winton, Melanie Sykes, Sue Cook
 * Show 11 (23 October 1999) - Barbara Windsor, Gaynor Faye, Gloria Hunniford, Declan Donnelly, Brian Blessed, Ian Walker
 * Show 12 (30 October 1999) - Carol Smillie, John Leslie, Arabella Weir, Gareth Hale, Sarah White, Shaun Williamson

Series 16 (2001)

 * Show 1 (7 January 2001) - Tracie Bennett, Keith Duffy, Julie Goodyear, Liz McClarnon, Joseph Millson, Phil Tufnell
 * Show 2 (14 January 2001) - Billy Murray, Jayne Middlemiss, Stuart Miles, Liz Dawn, Steve Penk, Lorraine Kelly
 * Show 3 (21 January 2001) - Nick Weir, Deena Payne, Richard Dunwoody, Jane Rossington, William Tarmey, Rhona Cameron
 * Show 4 (28 January 2001) - Graham Cole, Sherrie Hewson, Rob Butler, Julie Goodyear, Antony Worrall Thompson, Janine Duvitski
 * Show 5 (4 February 2001) - Donald Sinden, Carol Smillie, Darren Day, Denise Welch, Tim Healy, Brenda Gilhooly
 * Show 6 (11 February 2001) - Tommy Walsh, Adele Silva, Frank Thornton, Liz Dawn, Leslie Grantham, Jayne Middlemiss
 * Show 7 (18 February 2001) - Craig Phillips, Judith Chalmers, Victor Ubogu, Gillian Taylforth, Eamonn Holmes, June Whitfield
 * Show 8 (25 February 2001) - Steve Penk, Anne Charleston, Harry Hill, Brenda Gilhooly, Dermot O'Leary, Josie D'Arby
 * Show 9 (4 March 2001) - Jeff Stewart, Tricia Penrose, Patrick Mower, Julia Sawalha, Kevin Woodford, Nadia Sawalha
 * Show 10 (11 March 2001) - Donald Sinden, Sue Jenkins, Richard Thorp, Liz Dawn, Bradley Walsh, Kaye Adams
 * Show 11 (25 March 2001) - David Easter, Kathy Staff, Gray O'Brien, Siân Phillips, John Leslie, Troy Titus-Adams
 * Show 12 (8 April 2001) - John Barnes, Sherrie Hewson, Jeremy Edwards, Julie Goodyear, Rhodri Williams, Josie D'Arby
 * Show 13 (22 April 2001) - Donald Sinden, Liz Smith, Dean Sullivan, Carol Smillie, Sid Owen, Gail Porter
 * Show 14 (29 April 2001) - Vince Earl, Anne Charleston, Harry Hill, Sherrie Hewson, Duncan Preston, Shauna Lowry
 * Show 15 (6 May 2001) - Junior Simpson, Louise Jameson, George Layton, Debra Stephenson, Ross Kelly, Kerry Katona
 * Show 16 (13 May 2001) - Tim Vincent, Siân Phillips, Mark Moraghan, Roberta Taylor, Ortis, Terri Dwyer
 * Show 17 (20 May 2001) - William Tarmey, Fiona Dolman, Derek Fowlds, Brenda Gilhooly, Nick Weir, Jane Cox
 * Show 18 (27 May 2001) - George Baker, Claire Sweeney, Rory Underwood, Liz Dawn, John Leslie, June Sarpong
 * Show 19 (3 June 2001) - Roy Barraclough, June Whitfield, Ed Byrne, Brenda Gilhooly, Eamonn Holmes, Sarah Cawood
 * Show 20 (17 June 2001) - Keith Duffy, Julie Goodyear, Natasha Hamilton, Gloria Hunniford, Ross Kelly, Michael Starke

Series 17 (2002)

 * Show 1 (4 May 2002) - Steve Penk, Sherrie Hewson, Keith Barron, Fern Britton, Robbie Savage, Kaye Adams
 * Show 2 (11 May 2002) - Will Mellor, Shauna Lowry, Oz Clarke, Melanie Kilburn, Gray O'Brien, Tina Hobley
 * Show 3 (18 May 2002) - John Leslie, Tracie Bennett, Neil 'Doctor' Fox, Coleen Nolan, Eamonn Holmes, Sarah Cawood
 * Show 4 (25 May 2002) - Gareth Hunt, Helen Fraser, Marc Crumpton, Naomi Ryan, Ian "H" Watkins, Lowri Turner
 * Show 5 (8 June 2002) - Tommy Walsh, Lesley Garrett, Darren Day, Amanda Barrie, Kevin Kennedy, Patsy Palmer
 * Show 6 (29 June 2002) - Mickey Poppins, Carol Smillie, Sean Wilson, Jayne Tunnicliffe, Keith Duffy, Siân Lloyd
 * Show 7 (6 July 2002) - Gray O'Brien, Shobna Gulati, Gary Turner, Melanie Kilburn, John Leslie, Anna Ryder Richardson
 * Show 8 (13 July 2002) - Jonathan Kerrigan, Penny Smith, Tim Vincent, Julie Peasgood, Ian "H" Watkins, Naomi Russell
 * Show 9 (20 July 2002) - Tris Payne, Terri Dwyer, Ed Byrne, Sherrie Hewson, Dean Sullivan, Josie D'Arby
 * Show 10 (27 July 2002) - Rob Butler, Sue Cleaver, Mark Moraghan, Elizabeth Estensen, Simon Rouse, Natalie Casey
 * Show 11 (3 August 2002) - Leslie Grantham, June Whitfield, Ross Burden, Lisa Riley, John Savident, Charlie Dimmock
 * Show 12 (10 August 2002) - Raji James, Meg Johnson, Robin Cousins, Lesley Joseph, Greg Proops, Fiona Phillips
 * Show 13 (Unaired) - Rhona Cameron, Judith Chalmers, Michael Garner, Carol Smillie, Nick Weir, Sean Wilson
 * Show 14 (Unaired) - Brian Blessed, Jennie Bond, Alexandra Fletcher, Joe Mace, John Savident, June Whitfield
 * Show 15 (Unaired) - Chris Bisson, Kate Garraway, Eamonn Holmes, Nell McAndrew, Billy Murray, Heather Peace
 * Show 16 (Unaired) - Gloria Hunniford, Sue Jenkins, Philip Middlemiss, June Sarpong, Ben Shephard, Dale Winton
 * Show 17 (Unaired) - Gloria Hunniford, Billy Murray, Julie Peasgood, Tricia Penrose, Dale Winton, Kevin Woodford
 * Show 18 (Unaired) - Jane Gurnett, Patrick Mower, Fiona Phillips, Nick Pickard, Christopher Price, Emily Symons
 * Show 19 (Unaired) - Antony Audenshaw, Amanda Barrie, David Dickinson, Kevin Kennedy, Patsy Palmer, Denise Robertson
 * Show 20 (Unaired) - John Craven, Sue Jenkins, Will Mellor, Claire Sweeney, Paula Tilbrook, Antony Worrall Thompson

Series 18 (2021)

 * Show 1 (2 October 2021) - Chizzy Akudolu, Adjoa Andoh, Jimmy Carr, Martine McCutcheon, Joe Swash, Johnny Vegas
 * Show 2 (9 October 2021) - Ade Adepitan, Rob Beckett, Lady Leshurr, Tamzin Outhwaite, Craig Revel Horwood, Josh Widdicombe
 * Show 3 (16 October 2021) - Joel Dommett, Gloria Hunniford, Judi Love, Sue Perkins, John Thomson, Karim Zeroual
 * Show 4 (23 October 2021) - Baga Chipz, Rhod Gilbert, Scarlett Moffatt, Ore Oduba, Rachel Riley, Liza Tarbuck
 * Show 5 (30 October 2021) - Peter Andre, Rob Beckett, Rickie Haywood-Williams, Shappi Khorsandi, Judy Murray, Ellie Taylor
 * Show 6 (6 November 2021) - Jimmy Carr, Sophie Ellis-Bextor, Sally Lindsay, Chris McCausland, Melvin Odoom, Andi Oliver
 * Show 7 (20 November 2021) - Brian Conley, Sarah Hadland, David Haye, Alex Jones, Jordan North, Esme Young
 * Show 8 (27 November 2021) - Roisin Conaty, Tess Daly, Sue Perkins, Adil Ray, Gregg Wallace, Mark Wright
 * Show 9 (4 December 2021) - Jo Brand, Martin Kemp, Janette Manrara, Sara Pascoe, Fay Ripley, Louis Smith

Series 19 (2022)

 * Show 1 (24 September 2022) - Denise van Outen, Ellie Simmonds, Chris Eubank, Frank Skinner, Vick Hope, Joey Essex
 * Show 2 (1 October 2022) - Lady Leshurr, Kadeena Cox, Alex Brooker, Anton Du Beke, Tom Allen, Brian Conley
 * Show 3 (8 October 2022) - Jimmy Carr, Su Pollard, Richard Madeley, Big Narstie, Lorraine Kelly, Suzi Ruffell
 * Show 4 (15 October 2022) - Ugo Monye, Joe Swash, Richard Coles, Judi Love, Robert Rinder, Ashley Roberts
 * Show 5 (22 October 2022) - Jermaine Jenas, Scarlett Moffatt, Alan Davies, Desiree Burch. Lawrence Chaney, Roman Kemp
 * Show 6 (29 October 2022) - Stacey Dooley, Dion Dublin, Josh Widdicombe, Ed Gamble, Chunkz, Trisha Goddard
 * Show 7 (5 November 2022) - Motsi Mabuse, Sophie Duker, Saffron Barker, Matt Baker, Jimmy Carr, Bez
 * Show 8 (12 November 2022) - Konnie Huq, Jo Brand, Bruno Tonioli, Sara Davies, Natalie Cassidy, Jamie Laing
 * Show 9 (19 November 2022) - Shirley Ballas, Gabby Logan, HRVY, Chris Kamara, Chris McCausland, Michelle Visage

Series 20 (2023)

 * Show 1 (23 September 2023) - Rylan Clark, Emma Willis, Desiree Burch, Sue Perkins, Anita Rani, Iain Stirling
 * Show 2 (30 September 2023) - Jason Watkins, Layton Williams, Anthea Turner, Rob Beckett, Nadia Jae, Jill Scott
 * Show 3 (7 October 2023) - Ricky Wilson, Sam Quek, Kerry Godliman, Shane Richie, Remi Burgz, Owen Warner
 * Show 4 (14 October 2023) - Phil Tufnell, Martine McCutcheon, Alex Brooker, Mel Giedroyc, Kate Bottley, Darren Harriott
 * Show 5 (21 October 2023) - Kym Marsh, Jenny Ryan, Babatunde Aleshe, Chris McCausland, Michael Dapaah, Chizzy Akudolu
 * Show 6 (28 October 2023) - Fred Sirieix, Laura Whitmore, Eddie Kadi, Josh Widdicombe, Vanessa Feltz, Scarlett Moffatt
 * Show 7 (4 November 2023) - Carol Vorderman, Clara Amfo, Johnny Vegas, Judi Love, Prue Leith, Asim Chaudhry
 * Show 8 (11 November 2023) - Josh Widdicombe, Deborah Meaden, Russell Kane, Alison Hammond, Libby Clegg, Richie Anderson
 * Show 9 (18 November 2023) - Oti Mabuse, DJ Target, Yung Filly, Sue Perkins, Eamonn Holmes, Josie Gibson

Revivals and special editions
Blankety Blank returned to British screens in November 2004 as a one-off edition as part of the BBC's annual Children in Need  telethon, in which Terry Wogan reprised his role as the host of the show, accompanied by his wand microphone.

In 2006, the show was released as an interactive DVD game, featuring Wogan.

Another one-off edition was shown on 21 April 2007 as part of ITV's Gameshow Marathon hosted by Vernon Kay.

A one-off edition of the programme was recorded in aid of Comic Relief's 24 Hour Panel People, on 6 March 2011. The recording was broadcast live on the Red Nose Day website and, in an edited version, on BBC Three on 14 March. Paul O'Grady returned as host, this time as himself.

On 22 August 2016, it was announced that David Walliams would front a Christmas special on ITV. The episode aired on Christmas Eve from 6.30–7.30pm and had seven panellists instead of the usual six, with the Chuckle Brothers playing together at one position.

On 14 December 2020, it was announced that Bradley Walsh would host a Christmas special on BBC One and the episode aired on Christmas Day from 7.00-7.40pm. At 5.26 million viewers, it was the third most watched Christmas Day programme in the overnight ratings. This special was so successful that the BBC announced on 30 April 2021 that it had been commissioned for a full series to air on Saturday nights later in the year on BBC One. A further series of 10 episodes (including a Christmas special) had been commissioned for transmission in 2022.

title: Blankety Blank


text:
User talk:Torstein (usurped)

Hello Torstein and welcome to Wikipedia. A few tips for you:

 * Peruse Welcome, newcomers and associated pages
 * Sign talk page entries with ~, which is automatically converted to a name and date
 * Ask questions on Village pump
 * Have fun.

-- Gentgeen 13:49, 21 Nov 2003 (UTC)
 * PS: The article you created at Datakortet is an orphan, which means nothing links to it. If at all possible, find articles that should include a link to Datakortet and edit in a link to them.  Thanks Gentgeen

Lister over gårder i Oppland (Lists of farms in Oppland)
Articles which parallel a Norwegian Wikipeda series on Lists of farms in Oppland have been proposed for deletion; the Norwegian series is no:Kategori:Lister over gårder i Oppland. I believe that such material has both historical and genealogical value, but as always will support the position of the Wikimajority. If you have an opinion for or against deletion, I’d appreciate your commentary on en:Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Lists of farms in Oppland. You’re welcome either in favor or against deletion. Tusen takk - Williamborg 03:30, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

Request for Usurpation
Hello, Torstein. A request has been made at Changing username/Usurpations to usurp, or "take over", your username because you have not used it to edit, and another user would like to use it to edit. Changing username/Usurpations says that any unused username may be usurped if the user is given seven days notice to object and does not do so.

If you have an email set in your preferences, you should be getting an email from a bureaucrat or changing username clerk explaining how to consent or object to this process.

If you do not object to being renamed to a new username in order for another user to use the name you currently have, please log in and post a reply here saying so (you may also tell us what username you would like to be renamed to, or we will provide you with a generic one).

If you do nothing : the request will be filled after seven days, and your account will be moved to a generic username. You may request that it be moved to a new username of your choice at any time.

If you object to being renamed : please log in and make an edit to this page clearly stating that you object to usurpation.

Please note that even if your current username is usurped, you can still edit and your data will not be lost; your preferences, watchlist, and other user settings will be transferred to a new username.

Thank you for your time. torstein (talk) 19:31, 25 September 2009 (UTC)

Nomination of European Computer Driving Licence for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article European Computer Driving Licence is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/European Computer Driving Licence until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article.  DGG ( talk ) 06:41, 29 November 2013 (UTC)

title: User talk:Torstein (usurped)


text:
Automatic test pattern generation

ATPG (acronym for both automatic test pattern generation and automatic test pattern generator) is an electronic design automation method or technology used to find an input (or test) sequence that, when applied to a digital circuit, enables automatic test equipment to distinguish between the correct circuit behavior and the faulty circuit behavior caused by defects. The generated patterns are used to test semiconductor devices after manufacture, or to assist with determining the cause of failure (failure analysis ). The effectiveness of ATPG is measured by the number of modeled defects, or fault models, detectable and by the number of generated patterns. These metrics generally indicate test quality (higher with more fault detections) and test application time (higher with more patterns). ATPG efficiency is another important consideration that is influenced by the fault model under consideration, the type of circuit under test (full scan, synchronous sequential, or asynchronous sequential), the level of abstraction used to represent the circuit under test (gate, register-transfer, switch), and the required test quality.

Basics
A defect is an error caused in a device during the manufacturing process. A fault model is a mathematical description of how a defect alters design behavior. The logic values observed at the device's primary outputs, while applying a test pattern to some device under test (DUT), are called the output of that test pattern. The output of a test pattern, when testing a fault-free device that works exactly as designed, is called the expected output of that test pattern. A fault is said to be detected by a test pattern if the output of that test pattern, when testing a device that has only that one fault, is different than the expected output. The ATPG process for a targeted fault consists of two phases: fault activation and fault propagation. Fault activation establishes a signal value at the fault model site that is opposite of the value produced by the fault model. Fault propagation moves the resulting signal value, or fault effect, forward by sensitizing a path from the fault site to a primary output.

ATPG can fail to find a test for a particular fault in at least two cases. First, the fault may be intrinsically undetectable, such that no patterns exist that can detect that particular fault. The classic example of this is a redundant circuit, designed such that no single fault causes the output to change. In such a circuit, any single fault will be inherently undetectable.

Second, it is possible that a detection pattern exists, but the algorithm cannot find one. Since the ATPG problem is NP-complete (by reduction from the Boolean satisfiability problem) there will be cases where patterns exist, but ATPG gives up as it will take too long to find them (assuming P≠NP, of course).

Fault models

 * single fault assumption: only one fault occur in a circuit. if we define k possible fault types in our fault model the circuit has n signal lines, by single fault assumption, the total number of single faults is k×n.
 * multiple fault assumption: multiple faults may occur in a circuit.

Fault collapsing
Equivalent faults produce the same faulty behavior for all input patterns. Any single fault from the set of equivalent faults can represent the whole set. In this case, much less than k×n fault tests are required for a circuit with n signal line. Removing equivalent faults from entire set of faults is called fault collapsing.

The stuck-at fault model
In the past several decades, the most popular fault model used in practice is the single stuck-at fault model. In this model, one of the signal lines in a circuit is assumed to be stuck at a fixed logic value, regardless of what inputs are supplied to the circuit. Hence, if a circuit has n signal lines, there are potentially 2n stuck-at faults defined on the circuit, of which some can be viewed as being equivalent to others. The stuck-at fault model is a logical fault model because no delay information is associated with the fault definition. It is also called a permanent fault model because the faulty effect is assumed to be permanent, in contrast to intermittent faults which occur (seemingly) at random and transient faults which occur sporadically, perhaps depending on operating conditions (e.g. temperature, power supply voltage) or on the data values (high or low voltage states) on surrounding signal lines. The single stuck-at fault model is structural because it is defined based on a structural gate-level circuit model.

A pattern set with 100% stuck-at fault coverage consists of tests to detect every possible stuck-at fault in a circuit. 100% stuck-at fault coverage does not necessarily guarantee high quality, since faults of many other kinds often occur (e.g. bridging faults, opens faults, delay faults).

Transistor faults
This model is used to describe faults for CMOS logic gates. At transistor level, a transistor maybe stuck-short or stuck-open. In stuck-short, a transistor behaves as it is always conducts (or stuck-on), and stuck-open is when a transistor never conducts current (or stuck-off). Stuck-short will produce a short between VDD and VSS.

Bridging faults
A short circuit between two signal lines is called bridging faults. Bridging to VDD or Vss is equivalent to stuck at fault model. Traditionally both signals after bridging were modeled with logic AND or OR of both signals. If one driver dominates the other driver in a bridging situation, the dominant driver forces the logic to the other one, in such case a dominant bridging fault is used. To better reflect the reality of CMOS VLSI devices, a Dominant AND or Dominant OR bridging fault model is used. In the latter case, dominant driver keeps its value, while the other one gets the AND or OR value of its own and the dominant driver.

Delay faults
Delay faults can be classified as:
 * Gate delay fault
 * Transition fault
 * Hold Time fault
 * Slow/Small delay fault
 * Path delay fault: This fault is due to the sum of all gate propagation delays along a single path. This fault shows that the delay of one or more paths exceeds the clock period.  One major problem in finding delay faults is the number of possible paths in a circuit under test (CUT), which in the worst case can grow exponentially with the number of lines n in the circuit.

Combinational ATPG
The combinational ATPG method allows testing the individual nodes (or flip-flops) of the logic circuit without being concerned with the operation of the overall circuit. During test, a so-called scan-mode is enabled forcing all flip-flops (FFs) to be connected in a simplified fashion, effectively bypassing their interconnections as intended during normal operation. This allows using a relatively simple vector matrix to quickly test all the comprising FFs, as well as to trace failures to specific FFs.

Sequential ATPG
Sequential-circuit ATPG searches for a sequence of test vectors to detect a particular fault through the space of all possible test vector sequences. Various search strategies and heuristics have been devised to find a shorter sequence, or to find a sequence faster. However, according to reported results, no single strategy or heuristic out-performs others for all applications or circuits. This observation implies that a test generator should include a comprehensive set of heuristics.

Even a simple stuck-at fault requires a sequence of vectors for detection in a sequential circuit. Also, due to the presence of memory elements, the controllability and observability of the internal signals in a sequential circuit are in general much more difficult than those in a combinational logic circuit. These factors make the complexity of sequential ATPG much higher than that of combinational ATPG, where a scan-chain (i.e. switchable, for-test-only signal chain) is added to allow simple access to the individual nodes.

Due to the high complexity of the sequential ATPG, it remains a challenging task for large, highly sequential circuits that do not incorporate any Design For Testability (DFT) scheme. However, these test generators, combined with low-overhead DFT techniques such as partial scan, have shown a certain degree of success in testing large designs. For designs that are sensitive to area or performance overhead, the solution of using sequential-circuit ATPG and partial scan offers an attractive alternative to the popular full-scan solution, which is based on combinational-circuit ATPG.

Nanometer technologies
Historically, ATPG has focused on a set of faults derived from a gate-level fault model. As design trends move toward nanometer technology, new manufacture testing problems are emerging. During design validation, engineers can no longer ignore the effects of crosstalk and power supply noise on reliability and performance. Current fault modeling and vector-generation techniques are giving way to new models and techniques that consider timing information during test generation, that are scalable to larger designs, and that can capture extreme design conditions. For nanometer technology, many current design validation problems are becoming manufacturing test problems as well, so new fault-modeling and ATPG techniques will be needed.

Algorithmic methods
Testing very-large-scale integrated circuits with a high fault coverage is a difficult task because of complexity. Therefore, many different ATPG methods have been developed to address combinational and sequential circuits.

 * Early test generation algorithms such as boolean difference and literal proposition were not practical to implement on a computer.
 * The D Algorithm was the first practical test generation algorithm in terms of memory requirements. The D Algorithm [proposed by Roth 1966] introduced D Notation which continues to be used in most ATPG algorithms. D Algorithm tries to propagate the stuck at fault value denoted by D (for SA0) or $\overline{D}$ (for SA1) to a primary output.
 * Path-Oriented Decision Making (PODEM) is an improvement over the D Algorithm. PODEM was created in 1981, by Prabhu Goel, when shortcomings in D Algorithm became evident when design innovations resulted in circuits that D Algorithm could not realize.
 * Fan-Out Oriented (FAN algorithm) is an improvement over PODEM. It limits the ATPG search space to reduce computation time and accelerates backtracing.
 * Methods based on Boolean satisfiability are sometimes used to generate test vectors.
 * Pseudorandom test generation is the simplest method of creating tests. It uses a pseudorandom number generator to generate test vectors, and relies on logic simulation to compute good machine results, and fault simulation to calculate the fault coverage of the generated vectors.
 * Wavelet Automatic Spectral Pattern Generator (WASP) is an improvement over spectral algorithms for sequential ATPG. It uses wavelet heuristics to search space to reduce computation time and accelerate the compactor. It was put forward by Suresh kumar Devanathan from Rake Software and Michael Bushnell, Rutgers University. Suresh kumar Devanathan invented WASP as a part of his thesis at Rutgers.

Relevant conferences
ATPG is a topic that is covered by several conferences throughout the year. The primary US conferences are the International Test Conference and The VLSI Test Symposium, while in Europe the topic is covered by DATE and ETS.

title: Automatic test pattern generation