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Dan Savage

Daniel Keenan Savage (born October 7, 1964) is an American author, media pundit, journalist, and LGBT community activist. He writes Savage Love, an internationally syndicated relationship and sex advice column. In 2010, Savage and his husband, Terry Miller, began the It Gets Better Project to help prevent suicide among LGBT youth. He has also worked as a theater director, sometimes credited as Keenan Hollahan.

Born in Chicago to Roman Catholic parents, Savage attended the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign where he received a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in acting. After living in West Berlin from 1988 to 1990, he moved to Madison, Wisconsin, where he befriended Tim Keck, co-founder of The Onion. When Keck moved to Seattle, Washington, Savage moved as well to become an advice columnist for The Stranger, which Keck founded; he had offered Savage the position after Savage wrote a sample column which impressed him. Savage has since become a sex columnist and a vocal proponent of LGBT rights in the United States, voicing his advocacy through his column, Savage Love, and a podcast version of his column, the Savage Lovecast. In 2001, Savage and his readership coined the term pegging to describe a woman anally penetrating a man with a strap-on dildo.

Outside of his writings and podcasts, Savage has advocated for progressive politics and advancing the rights of LGBT youth to prevent suicide in the community. He has opposed laws restricting pornography and the sale of sex toys, and founded the It Gets Better Project with his husband Terry Miller, whom he married in 2005. Savage has been featured on numerous television programs and news outlets, including Countdown with Keith Olbermann and Anderson Cooper 360.

Savage has attracted controversy over his comments and actions related to LGBT issues. He coined the term santorum to define a by-product of sex after former senator Rick Santorum made anti-LGBT comments in 2003, and condemned the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints for its support of California Proposition 8, which banned same-sex marriage in California. His activism and public speaking has brought praise from celebrities and politicians, including former president Barack Obama.

Early life and education
Dan Savage was born in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Judith "Judy" (née Schneider), who worked at Loyola University, and William Savage Sr. He has German and Irish ancestry. The third of four children, he has two brothers and one sister. Savage was raised as a Roman Catholic and attended Quigley Preparatory Seminary North, which he has described as "a Catholic high school in Chicago for boys thinking of becoming priests." Though Savage has stated that he considers himself "a wishy-washy agnostic" and an atheist, he continues to identify as "culturally Catholic".

Savage attended the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, where he received a BFA in Acting. He lived in West Berlin from late-1988 to 1990.

Savage Love
In 1991, Savage was living in Madison, Wisconsin, and working as a night manager at Four Star Fiction and Video (now Four Star Video Cooperative), a local video store that specialized in independent film titles. He befriended Tim Keck, co-founder of The Onion, who announced that he was moving to Seattle to help start an alternative weekly newspaper titled The Stranger. Savage "made the offhand comment that forever altered [his] life: 'Make sure your paper has an advice column—everybody claims to hate 'em, but everybody seems to read 'em'." Savage wrote a sample column, and to his surprise, Keck offered him the job.

Savage stated in a February 2006 interview in The Onion's A.V. Club (which published his column until 2021 ) that he began the column with the express purpose of providing mocking advice to heterosexuals, since most straight advice columnists were "clueless" when responding to letters from gay people. Savage wanted to call the column "Hey, Faggot!" in an effort to reclaim a hate word. His editors at the time refused his choice of column name, but for the first several years of the column, he attached "Hey, Faggot!" at the beginning of each printed letter as a salutation." In his February 25, 1999, column, Savage announced that he was retiring the phrase, claiming that the reclamation had been successful.

He has written in a number of columns about "straight rights" concerns, such as the HPV vaccine and the morning-after pill. In his November 9, 2005, column he wrote that "[t]he right-wingers and the fundies and the sex-phobes don't just have it in for the queers. They're coming for your asses too."

Theater
As a theater director, Savage (under the name Keenan Hollohan, combining his middle name and his paternal grandmother's maiden name ) was a founder of Seattle's Greek Active Theater. Much of the group's work were queer interpretations of classic works, such as a tragicomic Macbeth with both the title character and Lady Macbeth played by performers of the opposite sex. In March 2001, he directed his own Egguus at Consolidated Works, a parody of Peter Shaffer's 1973 play Equus which exchanged a fixation on horses for a fixation on chickens.

Letters from the Earth (2003), also at Consolidated Works, was Savage's most recent production. Letters was a trimmed version of Mark Twain's The Diary of Adam and Eve. It received scathing reviews, including one from The Stranger - "My Boss's Show Stinks".

Media appearances
In addition to writing a weekly column and four books, Savage has been involved in several other projects.

From 1994 until 1997, he had a weekly three-hour call-in show called Savage Love Live on Seattle's KCMU (now KEXP-FM). From 1998 to 2000, he ran the biweekly advice column Dear Dan on the news website abcnews.com.

He is now the editorial director of the weekly Seattle newspaper The Stranger, a promotion from his former position as The Stranger's editor-in-chief. Savage stars in Savage U on MTV, contributes frequently to This American Life and Out magazine, and acts as a "Real Time Real Reporter" on HBO's Real Time with Bill Maher. He has also made multiple appearances on MSNBC's Countdown with Keith Olbermann and CNN's Anderson Cooper 360, to discuss LGBT political issues, such as same-sex marriage and Don't Ask Don't Tell.

In 2014, he participated in Do I Sound Gay?, a documentary film by David Thorpe about stereotypes of gay men's speech patterns.

In 2016, he was the first guest of Twice Removed, a family history podcast hosted by A. J. Jacobs. In the episode, Savage's lineage was traced to Nan Britton, Paul Popham, and others.

Podcast
The Savage Lovecast is a weekly audio podcast based on the column Savage Love, available via iTunes and at the Stranger's website for free download. It features Savage answering anonymous questions left by callers on a voice recorder (answering machine). He often returns calls to questioners who give their phone numbers, and such phone calls are part of the podcast. He also consults with doctors, sex therapists, and other experts for answers to questions he calls "above my pay grade". There are frequent guest co-hosts, all of them sex-positive. It is routinely rated as the top podcast in the iTunes "Health" category and in the top 20 of all podcasts overall. A.V. Club listed the show as one of "The best podcasts of 2010" and later as one of "The best podcasts of 2013". The Atlantic listed the show as one of "The 50 Best Podcasts of 2016".

The Real O'Neals
Based on an idea by Savage (who also served as executive producer), the ABC television series The Real O'Neals, starring Noah Galvin, debuted in 2016. The series chronicles the lives of a close-knit, Irish-American Chicago Catholic family whose matriarch takes their reputation in the community very seriously. In the pilot episode, their perfect image is shattered when each family member has a secret revealed to the community: middle child Kenny is gay, oldest child Jimmy is anorexic, youngest child Shannon is running a money scam and might be an atheist, and parents Eileen and Pat are no longer in love and wish to divorce. The series lasted for two seasons before its cancellation.

Personal life
Savage married Terry Miller in Vancouver in 2005. Following the 2012 legalization of same-sex marriage in Washington state, he and Miller were part of the first group of 11 couples to receive Washington state marriage licenses. Savage and Miller were married on December 9, 2012, at Seattle City Hall, opened on Sunday especially for the purpose of hosting the first same-sex weddings in Washington state, with Seattle Mayor Mike McGinn and others in attendance. The couple has a son, whom they adopted as an infant c. 1998. Savage chronicled the experience of adopting their son in his 1999 book The Kid: What Happened After My Boyfriend and I Decided to Go Get Pregnant.

It Gets Better Project
On September 21, 2010, Savage founded the It Gets Better Project following the suicide of 15-year-old Billy Lucas, who was bullied for his perceived sexual orientation. The project encourages adults, both LGBT and otherwise, to submit videos assuring gay teenagers that life can improve after bullying in early life. As of November 2013, the project had more than 50,000 user-created testimonials and had been viewed over 50 million times.

Hump pornography festival
Savage coordinates the annual Hump pornography festival, which is made up of clips of up to five minutes on any pornographic topic, submitted by viewers. Winning submissions are shown in theaters around the United States, providing a unique experience as straight, gay male, bi, lesbian, and fetish porn are all shown together, one after another. Savage publicly destroys the submissions after conclusion of the festival.

Campaign for the neologism santorum
After Rick Santorum, then a U.S. senator from Pennsylvania, made comments in 2003 to a reporter comparing homosexual sex to bestiality and incest, Savage assailed Santorum in his column. Later, he sponsored a contest that led to the term santorum being used to refer to "the frothy mixture of lube and fecal matter that is sometimes a byproduct of anal sex". Savage set up a website to publicize this application of the term. In 2010, Savage offered to take down his website if Rick Santorum would agree to donate US$5 million to a gay rights group. The organization, Freedom to Marry, advocates on behalf of same-sex marriage in the United States. Savage told Mother Jones in 2010, "If Rick Santorum wants to make a $5 million donation to [the gay marriage group] Freedom to Marry, I will take it down. Interest starts accruing now." Evan Wolfson, executive director of Freedom to Marry, responded in a statement to Metro Weekly, "Support for Freedom to Marry's national campaign would be welcome—and a good way for Rick Santorum to start cleaning up the discriminatory mess he and his companions have made." Santorum condemned the campaign and accused Savage of defaming him. Savage responded by further denouncing Santorum and accused him of propagating discrimination against the LGBT community through his viewpoints.

In 2009 Savage invited his readers to vote to define saddlebacking as "the phenomenon of Christian teens engaging in unprotected anal sex to preserve their virginities." He was protesting the vocal support given to California Proposition 8 by Rick Warren (pastor of Saddleback Church), and President Barack Obama's invitation to Warren to give the invocation at his inauguration. When Savage vowed to boycott Utah due to strong Mormon support for Proposition 8, the Salt Lake City Weekly dropped Savage's column.

Local issues
Savage's editorship of The Stranger has established him as a voice in local Seattle politics. His most high-profile commentary has been as an outspoken critic of the Teen Dance Ordinance and other crackdowns on all-ages events.

Savage argues that closing down supervised all-ages dance venues drives teens to boredom and reckless activities: "Places like Ground Zero and the Kirkland Teen Center are invaluable from a law enforcement point of view. They keep kids out of, say, 7-Eleven parking lots or the homes of friends whose parents are away."

U.S. politics
Savage tends toward liberal political views, with pronounced contrarian and libertarian streaks. He frequently mentions political issues in his column, particularly issues that affect family planning, birth control, and sexuality. He often encourages readers to get involved and/or voice a positive or negative opinion about a politician or public official.

Savage has also opposed state legislation prohibiting the sale of sex toys. After an exposé by Kandiss Crone from WLBT in Jackson, Mississippi, precipitated the arrest and fining of an adult video store owner, Savage satirically suggested that readers send Crone any sex toys that they needed to dispose of.

In a 2006 interview with the Daily Pennsylvanian, Savage claimed that Carl Romanelli, who was briefly the Green Party's candidate for U.S. Senate in that year's election in Pennsylvania, was partially funded by state Republicans for a spoiler effect against Democrat Bob Casey Jr., and further stated that Romanelli "should be dragged behind a pickup truck until there's nothing left but the rope". He also said that if Romanelli, who had been disqualified from appearing on the general election ballot, was allowed back on the ballot, "someone should run him over with a truck". Immediately after the interview, Savage wrote, "I regret using that truck metaphor, and didn't mean it literally, and it was in poor taste, and I regret it."

On a 2011 episode of Real Time with Bill Maher, during a panel discussion on the debt limit increase negotiations between the U.S. Congress and President Barack Obama, Savage said, "I wish [the Republicans] were all fucking dead." He apologized for the comment on his blog later the same night, saying, "I don't feel that way", adding that his father voted Republican, and calling it "a stupid, rude, thoughtless remark, a flubbed expression of disgust".

2000 Iowa caucuses
In January 2000, Savage traveled to Iowa to write about the state's presidential caucuses for Salon. He wrote that he had planned "to follow one of the loopy conservative Christian candidates around—[Gary] Bauer or [Alan] Keyes—and write something insightful and humanizing about him, his campaign, and his supporters", but he was so angered by remarks that Bauer made in opposition to same-sex marriage that he abandoned the idea.

Instead, Savage, who had been sick with influenza, said that he volunteered for the Bauer campaign with the intent to spread his flu to the candidate and his supporters. He claimed to have licked numerous items in the campaign office, including doorknobs, office supplies, and coffee cups, and later covered a pen in his saliva before handing it to Bauer. Savage incurred criticism for the story. Camille Paglia, who also contributed to Salon at the time, called his described behavior "sociopathic", and the publication said that they did not "condone or endorse" his actions. Savage later said that the article was exaggerated for comedic effect, stating that the anecdote about "licking doorknobs" was fictitious, and that he was "no longer contagious" by the time he joined the campaign team.

Savage also reported registering and participating in the Iowa Republican caucus, which was illegal, as he was not an Iowa resident. He pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor charge of fraudulent voting in a caucus, and was sentenced to a year's probation, 50 hours of community service, and a $750 fine.

Other remarks
Savage initially supported the Iraq War and advocated military action against other Middle Eastern states, including Iran and Saudi Arabia, saying, "Islamo-fascism is a regional problem, like European fascism—and the Middle East [has] to be remade just as Europe was remade". However, one week before the war began, Savage spoke against it, citing the inability of President George W. Bush to form a convincing case and sway the UN and NATO allies. By 2005 he deemed the situation "hopeless" and advocated an immediate troop withdrawal.

Savage describes his view toward family as "conservative". He has, however, expressed skepticism of "simplistic" views of monogamy. In response to a letter asking "Is the AIDS crisis over?" Savage, in his October 22, 1997 column, answered simply, "Yes". Several weeks of columns were devoted in whole or in part to discussion of the issue. Savage also opposes the tactics of the War on Drugs, and opposes the prohibition of certain controlled substances.

In 2006, Savage said that outing is "brutal and it should be reserved for brutes", writing it should not be done outside of particular circumstances, such as a closeted person publicly advocating against gay rights.

On the topic of child sexuality, Savage said in 2001: "We live in a culture that's hysterical about children and assumes they have no sexual agency or desire. But anyone who can remember what they were like when they were 11 knows that kids are sexual, and whether it was messing around with their cousin, playing doctor with their neighbor, or making passes at people 10 years older, they were horny. So NAMBLA steps out to articulate all this, albeit in its usual highly dysfunctional and creepy way, and because we know what they say to be true on this issue, we've got to label them as insane perverts. Any attempt at rational discussion about youth sexuality and intergenerational sex is simply shouted down.... The problem with NAMBLA is that it packages reasonable arguments about teen sexuality and age-of-consent laws with irrational, insane arguments about 7-year-olds. That's why the group is where it is today."

Savage has spoken out against child sexual abuse. In 2017, when Kevin Spacey was accused of attacking then-14 year old Anthony Rapp while drunk, Spacey released a statement which included coming out as gay. Savage responded that there is "no amount of drunk or closeted that excuses or explains away assaulting a 14-year-old child".

In 2011, Lindy West published a piece in The Stranger criticizing Savage, her boss at the time, for repeated comments about fat people in his columns, such as "rolls of exposed flesh are unsightly", which she called "a cruel, subjective opinion", concluding "you need to understand that shaming an already-shamed population is, well, shameful." This incident was later fictionalized in the Hulu TV series Shrill.

Savage also came under scrutiny for an anti-bullying speech he gave in 2012, to the National High School Journalism Convention, in which he encouraged the attending students to "learn to ignore the bullshit in the Bible about gay people", prompting some students to leave the auditorium. Savage apologized on April 29 for calling the walkout "a pansy-assed move", saying, "I wasn't calling the handful of students who left pansies (2,800+ students, most of them Christian, stayed and listened), just the walkout itself." Savage stood by the central point of his speech.

Comments on transgender issues
In 2011, J. Bryan Lowder of Slate stated wrote Savage "often takes heat for his less-than-refined statements on issues like the existence of male bisexuality, the responsibility of asexuals to 'come out' before dating, and, indeed, certain issues surrounding transgenderism." Savage has repeatedly been the focus of controversy for his use of slurs regarding the transgender community, other remarks regarding trans issues, and for claiming as a joke that Rob McKenna, who was attorney general of Washington from 2005 to 2013, is a transgender man, though he is not. He has been glitter bombed three times, twice in 2011 and once in 2012, by protesters who alleged that he is transphobic, among other accusations.

In 2014, during a seminar at the University of Chicago on social media, Savage discussed his past use of the word "tranny". He objected to a student's request that he use the phrase "T-slur" instead, and gave examples of other slurs. Some students criticized him, claiming that he tried to make the student feel threatened and uncomfortable. A University representative said, "A guest used language that provoked a spirited debate. The speaker was discussing how hurtful words can be repurposed and used to empower; at no point did he direct any slurs at anyone." Savage later thanked the University for standing up for him and demanded an apology from those who had accused him of hatred towards trans people.

Works
In addition to his advice column, Savage has written four books, edited one book, and authored various op-ed pieces in The New York Times.

title: Dan Savage


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MechWarrior

MechWarrior is a series of video games set in the fictional universe of BattleTech.

Games
Within the MechWarrior games, players take control of a single BattleMech and combat other BattleMechs, tanks, infantry, and more, from within the cockpit of their machine. A third-person alternate view is available in MechWarrior  2, 3, 4, Online, and 5. Both MechWarrior 2 and MechWarrior 3 were Origins Award winners, taking Best Fantasy or Science Fiction Computer Game 1995 and Best Action Computer Game 1999 respectively.

In-universe timeline

 * MechWarrior takes place at the end of the Third Succession War.
 * MechWarrior 2: 31st Century Combat, MechWarrior 2: Ghost Bear's Legacy, Mercenaries, and MechWarrior Online deal with the events soon before, during, and soon after the Clan Invasion of the Inner Sphere.
 * MechWarrior 3 and MechCommander are concerned with different parts of "Operation Serpent" and "Operation Bulldog", the combined Inner Sphere counterattack against the Clans, targeted at the Smoke Jaguars.
 * MechWarrior 4: Vengeance, its expansions, and MechCommander 2 deal with the Federated Commonwealth Civil War.
 * MechWarrior 5: Mercenaries takes place during the Third Succession War.

Live-action film
Electric Entertainment, a Hollywood production company founded by Dean Devlin, currently holds the option to produce a feature film based on the MechWarrior universe. In 2003, Devlin approached Paramount to pitch the project but failed to receive funding. The project is currently in development limbo.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: MechWarrior


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Atlantic horseshoe crab

The Atlantic horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus), also known as the American horseshoe crab, is a species of horseshoe crab, a kind of marine and brackish chelicerate arthropod. It is found in the Gulf of Mexico and along the Atlantic coast of North America. The main area of annual migration is Delaware Bay along the South Jersey Delaware Bayshore.

Their eggs were eaten by Native Americans, but today Atlantic horseshoe crabs are caught for use as fishing bait, in biomedicine (especially for Limulus amebocyte lysate) and science. They play a major role in the local ecosystems, with their eggs providing an important food source for shorebirds, and the juveniles and adults being eaten by sea turtles.

The other three extant (living) species in the family Limulidae are also called horseshoe crabs, but they are restricted to Asia. Despite the name, horseshoe crabs are more closely related to arachnids like spiders and scorpions than they are to crabs or other crustaceans.

Names and classification
This group of animals is also known as horsefoot, or saucepan. Some people call the horseshoe crab a "helmet crab", but this common name is more frequently applied to a true crab, a malacostracan, of the species Telmessus cheiragonus. The term "king crab" is sometimes used for horseshoe crabs, but it is more usually applied to a group of decapod crustaceans.

Limulus means "askew" and polyphemus refers to Polyphemus, a giant in Greek mythology. It is based on the misconception that the animal had a single eye.

Former scientific names include Limulus cyclops, Xiphosura americana, and Polyphemus occidentalis.

It is the tail that earns this order its name Xiphosura, which derives from the ancient Greek word for "sword tail".

Studies of microsatellite DNA have revealed several distinct geographic groups in the Atlantic horseshoe crab. While there is extensive mixing between neighbouring populations, primarily due to movements by males, there is little or no mixing between the US and isolated Yucatán Peninsula horseshoe crabs, leading some to suggest that a taxonomic review is necessary.

Anatomy and physiology
Horseshoe crabs have three main parts to the body: the head region, known as the "prosoma", the abdominal region or "opisthosoma", and the spine-like tail or "telson". The smooth shell or carapace is shaped like a horseshoe, and is greenish grey to dark brown in colour. The sexes are similar in appearance, but females are typically 25 to 30% larger than the male in length and width, and can reach more than twice the weight. Females can grow up to 60 cm in length, including tail, and 4.8 kg in weight. There are also geographic differences: In the United States, there is a north–south cline in the size. Central animals, between Georgia and Cape Cod, are the largest. North of Cape Cod and south of Georgia they gradually become smaller. In Delaware Bay, females and males have an average carapace width of about 25.5 cm and 20 cm, respectively. In Florida, females average about 21.5 cm and males 16 cm. However, this north-south pattern does not exist in the Yucatán Peninsula, the southernmost population of the species, where some subpopulations are intermediate between the Delaware Bay and Florida horseshoe crabs, and others are smaller, averaging about 3⁄4 the size of Florida horseshoe crabs.

Horseshoe crabs regrow lost limbs similar to many other arthropods.

A wide range of marine species become attached to the carapace, including algae, flat worms, mollusks, barnacles, and bryozoans, and horseshoe crabs have been described as 'walking museums' due to the number of organisms they can support. In areas where Limulus is common, the shells, exoskeletons or exuviae (molted shells) of horseshoe crabs frequently wash up on beaches, either as whole shells, or as disarticulated pieces.

The brain and the heart are located in the prosoma. On the underside of the prosoma, six pairs of appendages occur, the first of which (the small pincers or chelicerae) are used to pass food into the mouth, which is located in the middle of the underside of the cephalothorax, between the chelicerae. Although most arthropods have mandibles, the horseshoe crab is jawless.

The second pair of appendages, the pedipalps, are used as walking legs; in males they are tipped with 'claspers', which are used during mating to hold onto the female's carapace. The remaining four pairs of appendages are the 'pusher legs', also used in locomotion. The first four pairs of legs have claws, the last pair has a leaf-like structure used for pushing.

The opisthosoma bears a further six pairs of appendages; the first pair houses the genital pores, while the remaining five pairs are modified into flattened plates, known as book gills, that allow them to breathe underwater, and can also allow them to breathe on land for short periods of time, provided the gills remain moist.

The telson (i.e., tail or caudal spine) is used to steer in the water and also to flip itself over if stuck upside down.

Among other senses, they have a small chemoreceptor organ that senses smells on the triangular area formed by the exoskeleton beneath the body near the ventral eyes.

Vision
Limulus has been extensively used in research into the physiology of vision. The Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded in 1967 in part for research performed on the horseshoe crab eye.

A large compound eye with monochromatic vision is found on each side of the prosoma; it has five simple eyes on the carapace, and two simple eyes on the underside, just in front of the mouth, making a total of nine eyes. The simple eyes are probably important during the embryonic or larval stages of the organism, and even unhatched embryos seem to be able to sense light levels from within their buried eggs. The less sensitive compound eyes, and the median ocelli, become the dominant sight organs during adulthood.

In addition, the tail bears a series of light-sensing organs along its length.

Each compound eye is composed of about 1000 receptors called ommatidia, complex structures consisting of upwards of 300 cells. The ommatidia are somewhat messily arranged, not falling into the ordered hexagonal pattern seen in more derived arthropods. Each ommatidium feeds into a single nerve fiber. Furthermore, the nerves are large and relatively accessible. This made it possible for electrophysiologists to record the nervous response to light stimulation easily, and to observe visual phenomena such as lateral inhibition working at the cellular level. More recently, behavioral experiments have investigated the functions of visual perception in Limulus. Habituation and classical conditioning to light stimuli have been demonstrated, as has the use of brightness and shape information by males when recognizing potential mates.

The retinula (literally, "small retina") cells of the ommatidium of the compound eye contain areas from which membranous organelles of conceivable size (rhabdomeres) extend. Rhabdomeres have tiny microvilli (tiny tubes extending out of the retinula) that interlock with neighboring retinular cells. This forms the rhabdom, which contains the dendrite of the eccentric cell, and may also contribute some microvilli. The only other species with an eccentric cell is the silkworm moth. Microvilli are composed of a double layer, 7 nm each and with 3.5 nm space of two electron-deficient boundaries in between. Where the microvilli meet, these outer borders fuse and yield five membranes about 15 nm thick. In all arthropods, there is always a rhabdom below a crystalline cone, on or near the center of the ommatidium, and always aligned with the path of light. At right angles to the length of the rhabdome are the length of the microvilli, which are in line with each other. The microvilli are about 40–150 nm in diameter.

Blood
The blood of horseshoe crabs (as well as that of most mollusks, including cephalopods and gastropods) contains the copper-containing protein hemocyanin at concentrations of about 50 g per liter. These creatures do not have hemoglobin (iron-containing protein), which is the basis of oxygen transport in vertebrates. Hemocyanin is colorless when deoxygenated and dark blue when oxygenated. The blood in the circulation of these creatures, which generally live in cold environments with low oxygen tensions, is grey-white to pale yellow, and it turns dark blue when exposed to the oxygen in the air, as seen when they bleed. Hemocyanin carries oxygen in extracellular fluid, which is in contrast to the intracellular oxygen transport in vertebrates by hemoglobin in red blood cells.

The blood of horseshoe crabs contains one type of blood cell, the amebocytes. These play an important role in the defense against pathogens. Amebocytes contain granules with a clotting factor known as coagulogen; this is released outside the cell when bacterial endotoxin is encountered. The resulting coagulation is thought to contain bacterial infections in the animal's semiclosed circulatory system.

Distribution and habitat

The Atlantic horseshoe crab is the only extant (living) species of horseshoe crab native to the Americas, although there are other extinct species only known from fossil remains from this region. The other living species of horseshoe crab are restricted to Asia, but all are quite similar in form and behavior. The Asian species are Tachypleus tridentatus, Tachypleus gigas and Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda.

Most Atlantic horseshoe crabs are found along the Atlantic East Coast of the United States, ranging from Maine to Florida. In the Gulf Coast of the United States, they are found in Florida, Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana. Outside the United States, the only breeding population is in Mexico's Yucatán Peninsula, where it is found on the western, northern and eastern coasts. Individuals rarely appear outside the breeding range, with a few records from the Atlantic coast of Canada (Lahave Island on Nova Scotia), the Bahamas, the Turks and Caicos, Cuba and the western Gulf of Mexico (Texas and Veracruz). Historic claims of horseshoe crabs on Jamaica and Hispaniola (on the Dominican Republic's southeast coast) have not resulted in any discoveries after expeditions there. There have been attempts of introducing it to Texas, California and the southern North Sea, but these all failed to become established. Records from Europe, Israel and Western Africa are considered releases/escapees of captives.

Atlantic horseshoe crabs range from shallow coastal habitats such as lagoons, estuaries and mangrove to depths of more than 200 m up to 56 km offshore. There are indications that they prefer depths shallower than 30 m. The temperature preference varies depending on the population, with the northernmost being the most cold-resistant: in the Great Bay in New Hampshire they show increased activity above 10.5 C and in Delaware Bay they are active above 15 C. In contrast, these northern populations do not tolerate as warm temperatures as southern populations of the species. Atlantic horseshoe crabs can be seen in waters that range from brackish (almost fresh water) to hypersaline (almost twice the salinity of sea water), but their optimum growth is at salinities around or slightly below sea water (20–40‰).

A 2022 study of ancient (Early Pleistocene, 2 million years ago) environmental DNA from the Kap Kobenhavn Formation of northern Greenland identified preserved DNA fragments of horseshoe crabs, assigned to L. polyphemus. This suggests that horseshoe crabs ranged and spawned as far north as Greenland during these warmer conditions. Around this time, the sea surface temperature would have been 8 °C warmer than the present. These are among the oldest DNA fragments ever sequenced.

Life cycle and behavior
The crab feeds on mollusks, annelid worms, other benthic invertebrates, and bits of fish. Lacking jaws, it grinds up the food with bristles on its legs and a gizzard that contains sand and gravel.

Spawning tends to occur in the intertidal zone and to be correlated with spring tides (the highest tides of the month). The breeding season varies. Northern populations (all in the United States, except those in southern Florida) generally breed from the spring to the autumn, while southern populations (southern Florida and Yucatán Peninsula) breed year-round. In the north, breeding is triggered by a temperature increase, but this is reversed in the Yucatán Peninsula, the southernmost population, where decreasing temperatures stimulate breeding. In Massachusetts, horseshoe crabs spend the winters on the continental shelf and emerge at the shoreline in late spring to spawn, with the males arriving first. The smaller male grabs on to the back of a female with a "boxing glove" like structure on his front claws, often holding on for months at a time. Often several males will hold on to a single female. Females reach the beach at high tide. After the female has laid a batch of eggs in a nest at a depth of 15-20 cm in the sand, the male or males fertilize them with their sperm. Egg quantity is dependent on the female's body size, and ranges from 15,000 to 64,000 eggs per female.

Development begins when the first egg cover splits and new membrane, secreted by the embryo, forms a transparent spherical capsule. The larvae form and then swim for about five to seven days. After swimming, they settle, and begin the first molt. This occurs about 20 days after the formation of the egg capsule. As young horseshoe crabs grow, they move to deeper waters, where molting continues. Before becoming sexually mature around age 9, they have to shed their shells some 17 times. In the first 2–3 years of their life, the juveniles stay in shallow coastal waters near the breeding beaches. Longevity is difficult to assess, but the average lifespan is thought to be 20–40 years.

Research from the University of New Hampshire gives insight into the circadian rhythm of Atlantic horseshoe crabs. For example, several studies have looked into the effect of a circa tidal rhythm on the locomotion of this species. While it has been known for a while that a circadian clock system controls eye sensitivity, scientists discovered a separate clock system for locomotion. When a sample of Atlantic horseshoe crabs were exposed to artificial tidal cycles in the lab, circa tidal rhythms were observed. The study found that light and dark cycles influence locomotion, but not as much as tidal activity.

Evolution
Horseshoe crabs were traditionally grouped with the extinct eurypterids (sea scorpions) as the Merostomata. However, recent studies suggest a relationship between the eurypterids and the arachnids, leaving Xiphosura in the clade Prosomapoda. They may have evolved in the shallow seas of the Paleozoic Era (541–252 million years ago) with other primitive arthropods like the trilobites. The four species of horseshoe crab are the only remaining members of the Xiphosura, one of the oldest classes of marine arthropods.

The oldest known horseshoe crab, Lunataspis aurora, 4 cm from head to tail-tip, has been identified in 445-million-year-old Ordovician strata in Manitoba.

Horseshoe crabs are often referred to as living fossils, as they have changed little in the last 445 million years. Forms almost identical to this species were present during the Triassic period 230 million years ago, and similar species were present in the Devonian, 400 million years ago. However, horseshoe crab preservation in the fossil record is extremely rare and the Atlantic horseshoe crab itself has no fossil record at all. Until recently it was thought that the genus Limulus "ranges back only some 20 million years, not 200 million".

The oldest member of the subfamily Limulinae are known from the Late Jurassic (Tithonian), belonging to the species Crenatolimulus darwini from Poland. The oldest and currently only other known species in the genus Limulus is Limulus coffini from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) of the United States.

Medical uses
Horseshoe crabs are valuable as a species to the medical research community, and in medical testing. An extract of blood cells (amoebocytes) from Limulus polyphemus is a critical component in the widely used Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test to detect and quantify bacterial endotoxins in pharmaceuticals and to test for several bacterial diseases. A protein from horseshoe crab blood is also under investigation as a novel antibiotic.

Procuring the raw materials for LAL testing involves collecting and bleeding horseshoe crabs from wild populations. Horseshoe crabs are returned to the ocean after bleeding, however, there is a level of mortality and sub-lethal impact involved. It is estimated that between 10 and 30 percent of horseshoe crabs die after bleeding.

Studies show the blood volume returns to normal in about a week, though blood cell count can take two to three months to fully rebound. Animals that survive the process may be more lethargic when released and less likely to mate – which has prompted concerns about the longer-term impacts of harvesting horseshoe crabs.

The LAL test is a major source of animal product dependence in the biomedical industry, and a challenge to the Three Rs of science in relation to the use of animals in testing. There are efforts to reduce the dependence on horseshoe crabs, refine the process of collecting blood from the animals (including through aquaculture), and even replace the use of animal-derived assays utilizing synthetic approaches, such as the recombinant factor C (rFC) assay.

Conservation and management
Overall the Atlantic horseshoe crab is recognized as vulnerable by the IUCN due primarily to overharvesting and habitat loss. There are, however, significant geographic differences with some populations increasing, some stable and some declining.

United States

Early in the 20th century and possibly before, there was the mistaken belief in some areas that horseshoe crabs were destructive to fisheries, folklore held that they used their long spines to drill into some shellfish. Because of this mistaken belief and folklore, bounties were sometimes offered by authorities for them. On Cape Cod in the early 20th century five cents was offered for every dead horseshoe crab turned in.

The Atlantic horseshoe crab is not presently endangered, but harvesting and habitat destruction have reduced its numbers at some locations and caused some concern for this animal's future. Since the 1970s, the horseshoe crab population has been decreasing in some areas, due to several factors, including the use of the crab as bait in eel, whelk and conch trapping. According to the Horseshoe Crab Benchmark Stock Assessment Peer Review Report published by the Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission (ASMFC), the population continues to remain stable where biomedical is present in the Northeast and thrive and grow in the Southeast due to protection efforts – a trend spanning decades. Conservationists have also voiced concerns about the declining population of shorebirds, such as red knots, which rely heavily on the horseshoe crabs' eggs for food during their spring migration. Precipitous declines in the population of the red knots have been observed in recent years. Predators of horseshoe crabs, such as the currently threatened Atlantic loggerhead turtle, have also suffered as crab populations diminish.

In 1991, the species was provided legislated protection from bait fishing in South Carolina by calling on the management and regulation of the horseshoe crab fisheries, allowing only hand-collecting for biomedical applications and marine biological research. Without the need for LAL in biomedical use, the legal protection of the horseshoe crab is not guaranteed in the future, and they would again fall prey to overfishing and use as bait. In 1995, the nonprofit Ecological Research and Development Group (ERDG) was founded with the aim of preserving the four remaining species of horseshoe crab. Since its inception, the ERDG has made significant contributions to horseshoe crab conservation. ERDG founder Glenn Gauvry designed a mesh bag for whelk/conch traps, to prevent other species from removing the bait. This has led to a decrease in the amount of bait needed by approximately 50%. In the state of Virginia, these mesh bags are mandatory in whelk/conch fishery. The Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission in 2006 considered several conservation options, among them being a two-year ban on harvesting the animals, affecting both Delaware and New Jersey shores of Delaware Bay. In June 2007, Delaware Superior Court Judge Richard Stokes has allowed limited harvesting of 100,000 males. He ruled that while the crab population was seriously depleted by overharvesting through 1998, it has since stabilized, and that this limited take of males will not adversely affect either horseshoe crab or red knot populations. In opposition, Delaware environmental secretary John Hughes concluded that a decline in the red knot bird population was so significant that extreme measures were needed to ensure a supply of crab eggs when the birds arrived. Harvesting of the crabs was banned in New Jersey on March 25, 2008.

Every year, about 10% of the horseshoe crab breeding population dies when rough surf flips the creatures onto their backs, a position from which they often cannot right themselves. In response, the ERDG launched a "Just Flip 'Em" campaign, in the hopes that beachgoers will simply turn the crabs back over. New Jersey beaches campaign "ReTURN the Favor", trains volunteers to rescue impinged and overturned horseshoe crabs while collecting data on natural and man-made hazards.

A large-scale project to tag and count horseshoe crabs along the North American coast was started in 2008, termed Project Limulus. Due to the lack of information and knowledge regarding horseshoe crab populations, the management policies lack any abundance of rules and regulations. To implement management policies for the species, more population information needs to be obtained.

Mexico
Since 1994, the populations in the Yucatán Peninsula have been recognized as endangered under Mexican law. They have declined since the 1960s and remaining significant Yucatán populations are mostly within protected areas.

title: Atlantic horseshoe crab


text:
Wine bottle

A wine bottle is a bottle, generally a glass bottle, that is used for holding wine. Some wines are fermented in the bottle while others are bottled only after fermentation. Recently the bottle has become a standard unit of volume to describe sales in the wine industry, measuring 750 mL. Wine bottles are produced, however, in a variety of volumes and shapes.

Wine bottles are traditionally sealed with a cork, but screw-top caps are becoming popular, and there are several other methods used to seal a bottle.

Sizes
Many traditional wine bottle sizes are named for Biblical kings and historical figures. The chart below lists the sizes of various wine bottles in multiples relating to a standard bottle of wine, which is 0.75 L (six 125 mL servings). The "wineglassful"—an official unit of the apothecaries' system of weights—is much smaller at 2.5 impfloz.

Most champagne houses are unable to carry out secondary fermentation in bottles larger than a magnum due to the difficulty in riddling large, heavy bottles. After the secondary fermentation completes, the champagne must be transferred from the magnums into larger bottles, which results in a loss of pressure. Some believe this re-bottling exposes the champagne to greater oxidation and therefore results in an inferior product compared to champagne which remains in the bottle in which it was fermented.

* For many years, the US standard (non-metric) wine and liquor bottle was the "fifth", meaning one-fifth of a US gallon, or 25.6 USfloz. Some beverages also came in tenth-gallon [12.8 USfloz], eighth-gallon [1 US pint, or 16 USfloz], sixth-gallon [22 USfloz], fourth-gallon [1 US quart, or 32 USfloz], half-gallon [64 USfloz] and one-gallon [128 USfloz] sizes. In 1979, the US adopted the metric system for liquor bottles, with the basic wine bottle becoming 750 mL, as in Europe.

Shapes

Wine producers in Portugal, Italy, Spain, France and Germany follow the tradition of their local areas in choosing the shape of bottle most appropriate for their wine.

 * Port, sherry, and Bordeaux varieties: straight-sided and high-shouldered with a pronounced punt. Port and sherry bottles may have a bulbous neck to collect any residue.
 * Burgundies and Rhône varieties: tall bottles with sloping shoulders and a smaller punt.
 * Schlegel variety, predominantly used in German wine growing regions: similar to Burgundy bottles, but more slender and elongated.
 * Rhine (also known as hock or hoch), Mosel, and Alsace varieties: narrow and tall with little or no punt.
 * Champagne and other sparkling wines: thick-walled and wide with a pronounced punt and sloping shoulders (resembling Burgundy bottles).
 * German wines from Franconia: the Bocksbeutel bottle.
 * The Chianti and some other Italian wines: the fiasco, a round-bottomed flask encased in a straw basket. This is more often used for everyday table wines; many of the higher-grade Chianti producers have switched to Bordeaux-type bottles.

Many North and South American, South African, and Australasian wine producers select the bottle shape with which they wish to associate their wines. For instance, a producer who believes his wine is similar to Burgundy may choose to bottle his wine in Burgundy-style bottles.

Other producers (both in and out of Europe) have chosen idiosyncratic bottle styles for marketing purposes. Pere-Anselme markets its Châteauneuf-du-Pape in bottles that appear half-melted. The Moselland company of Bernkastel-Kues in Germany has a Riesling with a bottle in the shape of a stylized cat. The British company Garçon Wines makes a flat wine bottle from recycled PET which is flat enough to fit through a letterbox and hence can be delivered by post.

The home wine maker may use any bottle, as the shape of the bottle does not affect the taste of the finished product. The sole exception is in producing sparkling wine, where thicker-walled bottles should be used to handle the excess pressure.

Most wine bottles standards have a bore (inner neck) diameter of 18.5 mm at the mouth of the bottle and increase to 21 mm before expanding into the full bottle.

Foils and netting

Commercial corked wine bottles typically have a protective sleeve called a foil (commonly referred to as a "capsule") covering the top of the bottle, the purpose of which is to protect the cork from being gnawed away by rodents or infested with the cork weevil and to serve as collar to catch small drips when pouring. The foil also serves as a decorative element of the bottle's label. Foils were historically made of lead, but research showed that trace amounts of toxic lead could remain on the lip of the bottle and mix with the poured wine, so lead foil wrapping was slowly phased out, and by the 1990s, most foils were made of tin, heat-shrink plastic (polyethylene, PVC), aluminium or polylaminate aluminium.

Sealing wax is sometimes used, or the foil can be omitted entirely. In the US, the FDA officially banned lead foils on domestic and imported wine bottles as of 1996.

Some bottles of wine have a paper strip beneath the foil, as a seal of authenticity, which must be broken before the bottle can be uncorked. Bottles of high-end Rioja wine may have a covering of gold wire netting, Spaniard Camilo Hurtado de Amézaga, Marqués de Riscal founded a winery in Rioja, in 1858, naming it after his own noble title, which had been created in 1708 by Philip V. He produced award-winning wines which became the preferred wines of King Alfonso XII. Camilo Hurtado de Amézaga invented a wire netting that covered his bottle, thereby preventing counterfeiters from substituting the wine, since it was impossible to remove the netting without breaking it. Modern day bottles of Rioja carry a much finer wire netting as a decoration.

Punts

A punt, also known as a kick-up, is the dimple at the bottom of a wine bottle. There is no consensus explanation for its purpose. The more commonly cited explanations include:

 * It is a historical remnant from the era when wine bottles were free blown using a blowpipe and pontil. This technique leaves a punt mark on the base of the bottle; by indenting the point where the pontil is attached, this scar would not scratch the table or make the bottle unstable.
 * It had the function of making the bottle less likely to topple over—a bottle designed with a flat bottom only needs a small imperfection to make it unstable—the dimple historically allowed for a larger margin of error.
 * It consolidates sediment deposits in a thick ring at the bottom of the bottle, preventing much/most of it from being poured into the glass; this may be a more historical than functional attribute since most modern wines contain little or no sediment.
 * It increases the strength of the bottle, allowing it to hold the high pressure of sparkling wine/champagne.
 * It provides a grip for riddling a bottle of sparkling wine manually in the traditional champagne production process.
 * It consumes some volume of the bottle, allowing the bottle to appear larger for the same amount of wine, which may impress the purchaser.
 * In folklore, taverns had a steel pin set vertically in the bar. The empty bottle would be thrust bottom-end down onto this pin, puncturing a hole in the top of the punt, guaranteeing the bottle could not be refilled.
 * It prevents the bottle from resonating as easily, decreasing the likelihood of shattering during transportation.
 * It allows bottles to be more easily stacked end to end.
 * Bottles could be stacked in cargo holds on ships without rolling around and breaking.
 * It makes the bottle easier to clean prior to filling with wine. When a stream of water is injected into the bottle and impacts the punt, it is distributed throughout the bottom of the bottle and removes residues.

Environmental impact
Glass retains its color on recycling, and the United Kingdom has a large surplus of green glass because it imports a large quantity of wine but produces very little. Annually 1.4 million tons are sent to landfill.

Glass is a relatively heavy packing material and wine bottles use quite thick glass, so the tare weight of a full wine bottle is a relatively high proportion of its gross weight. The average weight of an empty 750 mL wine bottle is 500 g (and can range from 300 to 900 g), which makes the glass 40% of the total weight of the full bottle. This has led to suggestions that wine should be exported in bulk from producer regions and bottled close to the market. This would reduce the cost of transportation and its carbon footprint, and provide a local market for recycled green glass.

Less radically, boxed wine is sold in large, light-weight, foil-lined cardboard containers, though its use has been restricted to cheaper products in the past and as such retains a stigma. Following declining sales of wine boxes in the UK, in 2009 the Office for National Statistics removed them from its Consumer Price Index measure of inflation. Some wine producers are exploring more alternative packagings such as plastic bottles and tetra packs.

General and cited references

 * Jean-Robert Pitte, La bouteille de vin: Histoire d'une révolution, 2013, ISBN 9791021001138

title: Wine bottle


text:
List of Finnish comedians

This is a list of Finnish comedians.

 * Viktor Kalborrek
 * Ismo Leikola
 * Vesa-Matti Loiri
 * Spede Pasanen
 * Pirkka-Pekka Petelius
 * Krisse Salminen
 * Simo Salminen
 * Pentti Siimes
 * André Wickström
 * Sami Hedberg
 * Iikka Kivi

title: List of Finnish comedians


text:
Talk:Phoenix Television

Untitled
The Chinese characters in the pic means "China News Network"(?). I don't know if that's copyright violation? --Yacht 05:08, 20 Nov 2003 (UTC)

POV?
I think this sentence should be deleted or qualified:
 * Many Phoenix programmes are designed for the interest of mainland and Taiwan audiences, Hong Kong people are generally less interested in political news.

What do others think? --Ghormax 21:18, 6 June 2006 (UTC)

I think it is a truth that Hongkong local people is not interest in political at all. I can know from all my Hongkong friends and classmates.

---[User:Yaofengyi] 16:59,23 April 2007

 * It's not possible that people are not interested in politic. That's like saying people aren't interested in national sports.  There will always be people who are interested in whatever.  24.89.245.62 22:14, 4 August 2007 (UTC)

CopyVio!
Most of texts in this article are violating copyright. Visit http://www.phoenixtv.com/phoenixtv/77405618595430400/index.shtml --JSH-alive talk to mesee my worksmail to me 10:53, 27 May 2007 (UTC)

SVG logo available
Feel free to visit my user page to preview the vectorised logo that may replace those in this article. I'm open to suggestions (since I'm new here). Hytar 20:18, 26 September 2007 (UTC)

"Liu Changle" vs. "Liu Chang Le"
I just changed Liu's name in the Ownership section to "Liu Changle".

I don't have much Chinese-English transliteration experience, and "Liu Chang Le" looks better to my American English eyes, but the contracted form seems to be preferred in Mr. Liu's case. See for instance:

http://news.ifeng.com/phoenixtv/77412215665197056/20070604/908208.shtml

"Liu Changle, born in Shanghai in 1951, is the founder and Chief Executive Officer of Phoenix Satellite Television."

Also, if it becomes an issue that needs fixing, consider that there are other pages that might refer to Liu, such as Rupert Murdoch.

Peter Kaminski (talk) 17:25, 23 August 2008 (UTC)

Phoenix TV schedule
Where can one find an accurate schedule of Phoenix shows? My parents are watching it and the listed info is always wrong. Looking at the ifeng Chinese website seems to show 5 different channels, when it's only one channel here in Canada. (none of the 5 list what is actually broadcasting.)

The English webpage schedule link is always broken.

http://www.ifeng.com/phoenixtv/77405618595430400/index.shtml

ifeng.com
I think merely redirecting ifeng.com here is insufficient. The company appears to have a vast web and mobile presence which goes far beyond being a promotional site for their conventional TV channels. Hopefully someone can expand. Shawn in Montreal (talk) 15:13, 13 June 2012 (UTC)

To add to article
To add to this article: information about Phoenix Television war correspondent Lu Yuguang (卢宇光) being caught presenting footage of a burned-out car from Canada as the purported wreckage of a U.S. HIMARS missile launcher in October 2022. 76.190.213.189 (talk) 18:55, 22 October 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Phoenix Television


text:
User talk:AceMyth

Welcome
Thanks! AceMyth 06:58, 20 Nov 2003 (UTC)
 * Happy wiki'ing, -- Infrogmation 05:15, 20 Nov 2003 (UTC)

Thumbs up on Naruto pages work
Two big thumbs-up on the work you've done with the Naruto pages. I've been looking for detailed resources like this for a couple of months now, and it was a very pleasant surprise to stumble across them on Wikipedia. Justin Bacon 20:44, 11 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Hebrew Wikipedia
Hi AceMyth, if you are an Israeli (military compulsory service) or speak Hebrew, and you have time, what about joining the Hebrew Wikipedia, it's a great challenge. ^^ Dod1 02:34, 28 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Curious about image copyright
Just curious about the rights to image:narutosplash.jpg. Wikipedia needs to know this information to prevent attacks against itself from copyright holders. Please note the copyright on the image page. Sorry to be such a downer. I do love the TV series though! — Xoder | Talk 18:30, Mar 18, 2004 (UTC)

 * I believe this falls under fair use, as it complies with three of the factors taken into consideration when assessing whether a use is "fair" or not-

 * 1. The purpose and character of the use, including whether such use is of a commercial nature or is for nonprofit educational purposes; /(the latter)/

 * 3.the amount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole; /(one drawn instance of the characters from a whole series)/

 * and

 * 4.the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work. /(absolutely zilch)/.

 * The only conflicting condition being #2, the work being of a creative nature, puts the inclusion of this picture- methinks- on the same level as quoting a key sentence from a book in a review. This, and the information the picture contains being so vital for comprehending the subject, makes me believe it is in the best interest of Wikipedia for the picture to stay. AceMyth 19:54, 18 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * I agree with you and am going to copy/paste this discussion to the discussion page on the image's talk page itself   — Xoder | Talk 22:50, Mar 18, 2004 (UTC)

Replacing Naruto names to Viz translations
Hi! I'm replacing several "names" in the Naruto articles with those used in the Shonen Jump magazine, and the wapuro style used there will give way to the circumflexes seen in Shonen Jump. WhisperToMe 14:42, 23 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Regarding Viz' "Evil Eye" - I saw the word used in the English language to describe a "bad" eye or an eye that is perceived as having evil powers. Viz used the same translation for Hiei's "Jagan" in YuYu Hakusho. WhisperToMe 23:30, 7 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * Have they released any more volumes referring to the Byakugan? Because if they did and they're actually going to translate it as "Evil Eye" all the way I can't wait to see Kakashi go on an all-out lecture about the scientific properties of the Evil Eye =P --AceMyth 23:50, Dec 7, 2004 (UTC)

 * So far, VIZ has not mentioned the Byakugan after the one episode, but since Hiei's Jagan is translated as such too, they might use "Evil Eye" again. WhisperToMe 22:56, 15 Dec 2004 (UTC)

The Humungous Image Tagging Project
Hi. You've helped with the WikiProject Wiki Syntax, so I thought it worth alerting you to the latest and greatest of Wikipedia fixing project, User:Yann/Untagged Images, which is seeking to put copyright tags on all of the untagged images. There are probably, oh, thirty thousand or so to do (he said, reaching into the air for a large figure). But hey: they're images ... you'll get to see lots of random pretty pictures. That must be better than looking for at at and the the, non? You know you'll love it. best wishes --Tagishsimon (talk)

When talking about books in English
When referring to literature in English, one has to always use present tense. WhisperToMe 18:25, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Gotcha. --AceMyth

Naruto anime licensed
ShoPro, which is merging with VIZ, LLC, got the rights to Naruto (see http://www.animeondvd.com/news/pr.php?pr_view=509) - WhisperToMe 23:39, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Evil Eye
Viz now has Hinata say "Byakugan! Evil Eye!" - WhisperToMe 04:04, 23 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Okay... now I'm just freaking CONFUSED. --AceMyth 16:24, Feb 24, 2005 (UTC)

Regarding Naruto Pages
Great idea ^_^ However we should be careful not to obscure any of the relations between the characters, like Clan relations and such. There is also the question as to what exactly qualifies as a major character. E.g. is Hiashi a character worthy of his own page? and what about Shikaku? Anyway, I fully support your idea, and I'd be glad to help ^_^ --JadziaLover 2 July 2005 22:43 (UTC)

Regarding Half Blood Prince Mistakes revert
Hello AceMyth, like to talk to you about 05:01, 20 July 2005 AceMyth (Rv. 1. No. 2. This sort of thing belongs on the talk page.) What is there to talk about with 'Mistakes' section? --takagawa-kun 19:05, 19 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Sorry clarification, what seems to be the problem with the 'Mistakes' changes. --takagawa-kun 19:13, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Somebody wrote "Can anybody post HBP excerpts from chapters 1 through 4?", or something like that, in all caps, right at the "Mistakes" section. So I removed it, saying that that sort of question belonged on the talk page. --AceMyth 19:59, July 19, 2005 (UTC)

''Just had to comment: I think you meant third person /omniscient/. :P''
 * Doh! --Deathphoenix 18:52, 20 July 2005 (UTC)

Great edit on Severus Snape
I just saw this, and I'm quite impressed. I think it sums up the situation without undue analysis, and it's just a nice bit of writing. Friday 23:15, 1 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Cheers! --AceMyth 00:38, August 2, 2005 (UTC)

Gekko Hayate from Naruto
I noticed that you removed my edit on the page Characters of Naruto were I added Gekko Hayate to the secondary charcters catagory. I agree with you that he isn't important enough but he dose have his own page here: Gekko Hayate. That is the only reason why I added him. Please share with me your opinion on this topic. --SwordKirby537 00:13, 27 September 2005 (UTC)

You could have him as an entry in the Characters of Naruto page that would say "see separate article". --AceMyth 01:24, 27 September 2005 (UTC)

Church in Nazareth
Hi AceMyth

I found you in the List of Wikipedians in Israel. You could help me on an article about de:Ferdinand Stadler, who built a protestant (german source says evangelisch) church for a mission in Nazareth. The church opened its doors 1st of October 1871. Could you maybe find out what happened to this church and perhaps take a photo? I know Tel Aviv is not so close to Nazareth, but you might probably know someone who lives there. It would be really great to find out since its a gap in Stadlers list of works. The church should be the same style as, Gothic Revival architecture. Thanks in advance. --Ikiwaner 23:27, 29 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks for replying. With this drawing of the church it should be much easier to identyfy. Note the drawing is about 130 years old, things might have changed a lot! --Ikiwaner 18:49, 3 November 2005 (UTC)

Israeli Wikipedians
You were listed on the Wikipedians/Israel page as living in or being associated with Israel. As part of the User categorisation project, these lists are being replaced with user categories. If you would like to add yourself to the category that is replacing the page, please visit Category:Israeli Wikipedians for instructions. —Simetrical (talk) 19:04, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

Crazy changes by Gilgamesh
Unfortunately, User:Gilgamesh is now imposing his own views by changing the transliterated Hebrew names of articles with redirects to unreadable Hebrew names and fonts, as if his criteria are the only ones to reckon with, when there are in fact several. My computer, as I am sure many others' as well, does not pick up his type of fonts, and thus he is messing up articles such as Safed, Hadera, Holon, Afula, Arad, Israel and many others defacing them and making them unreadable on the web. He is going to DESTROY the normal usage of Wikipedia's Hebrew transliterations to satisfy his own needs without there being any consensus. Common usages are being thrown out in favor of obscure and pedantic academic usages familiar to only a handful of unkown academics. He should be called upon to stop BEFORE he rushes to do further damage without any consensus being reached. All his changes should therefore be reverted. See all his recent contributions via: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Contributions/Gilgamesh I thank you for your interest, and urge all readers here to act. IZAK 04:56, 13 November 2005 (UTC)

Hebrew naming conventions
At the present time there is a serious discussion taking place, aiming at some consensus that will result in "official" Wikipedia guidelines about how Hebrew should be used and written in Wikipedia articles. Because of your past or ongoing interest in these type of articles with Hebrew words in them, your attention is called to Naming conventions (Hebrew) TO MAKE YOUR VIEWS KNOWN AND TO ADD TO THE DISCUSSION BEFORE THE "DOORS ARE SHUT" PLEASE SEE THE RELATED DISCUSSION PAGE AT Wikipedia talk:Naming conventions (Hebrew)  Thank you! IZAK 04:56, 13 November 2005 (UTC)

Hebrew Alphabet
I have rewritten the articles on all the Hebrew letters here and before I replace the pages, your input would be appreciated. Feel free to comment on the talk page or edit the page directly. Thanks! Sputnikcccp 16:26, 23 December 2005 (UTC)

Happy Hanuka
I saw your message and, same to you :D too bad the IDF doesn't consider Hanuka a real holiday huh :( -- Ynhockey 10:51, 24 December 2005 (UTC)

The Game
I just lost the game.Sumthingweird 13:02, 16 February 2006 (UTC)

 * That's ok, it restarts in thirty minutes. I'm in the middle of telling all the game players on Wikipedia that I lost, which is a big task. Perhaps we could figure out some automated way of doing it. Sumthingweird 13:12, 16 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Yes, but it should alert all the users instantly too, for example by sending an automatic email. But it would be cool to get it working on Wikipedia too - for example a bot that automatically alerts everyone in the category Category:The Game players. Unfortunately I don't have the programming skill to do that. Sumthingweird 13:18, 16 February 2006 (UTC)

Proposal on Notability
Because you're a member of the Association of Inclusionist Wikipedians, I'm notifying you that the inclusionist proposa Non-notabilityl is in progress to define the role of notability in articles. Please help us make this successful! Also note the proposal Importance is a deletionist proposla that seeks to officially introduce notabiltiy for the first time. Make sure this is defeated! --Ephilei 04:38, 4 July 2006 (UTC)

Thanks for edit
Althought we are decidedly on different sides of the POV regarding the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict, I must say your editing the page in the "Targeting Civilian Areas" section to two subsections was great. Its a great NPOV edit, and restores my wanning hope for a real WP:PERFECT article. If someone in the frontlines can still understand why we have NPOV here, it shows that those who dont are simply not trying hard enough! Am giving you a barnstar soon...--Cerejota 13:58, 23 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Thank you! I made this edit because I felt that NPoV is about letting each side have its say, and having both sides having their say simultaneously would soon turn into a sea of "however"s and "but X points out that"s and "Y responded that"s, with too powerful a PoV slant dictated by who gets the last word. --AceMyth

 * I fully agree, and thats why you get a barnstar.--Cerejota 14:19, 23 July 2006 (UTC)

Haifa picture
If you retreive the Haifa Picture, please let me know the link on my Talk Page. Thanks. --Deenoe 16:00, 23 July 2006 (UTC)

Image tagging for Image:YoungSasuke.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:YoungSasuke.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 14:52, 1 August 2006 (UTC)

Look I want to get somethings clear
I originally thouhgt you called me a hate addict, but you didn't...

Forgive me if I have upset you. There will be day when this is over, but there much be justice. There was a time when Palestine was peaceful and if that Palestine still existed it would have probably been similar to Lebanon; Druzui, Jews, Muslims, and Christians living together in harmony. In fact may I point that the original Jewish population, the Palestinian Jews wrote letters begging the UN not to implement (Israel would have been created regardless, but the UN only served to legitimize it; it was as it still is a body serving elite interests) the creation of a so-called Jewish state--there are many reeason for their pleas. I have my whole life been someone who has angered both sides in the Arab-Israeli conflict and many other things, although it may not seem so. I know that Israeli does not mean Jew or Zionist or vice-versa.

Once again, I am sorry. Some were born into this, but they on both sides have to know that they are pawns and mislead, by something that goes beyond the existance of ISrael, something so sinister and so real, something that connects all history in an interlinked motion.

I am not a hate addict, I am not an Arab, I am someone who loses everytime Israelis or Arabs are hurt or killed. I too am a human being like yourself. I mean this in the politest way possible and have to say it; No one should die. I am outraged to see civilians and fighters day. All life is sacred, but there is one thing I must also point out...that Israel, the state was created under alterior motives and mislead much of the world's Jewry into beleiving that that was the only place where they would be safe. This was and as you can see is not true. And who is victimized, the regular people in multiple ways.

You have me wrong. I am someone who supports the rights of the Israeli people, but I also know how they are being used for cattle, and beleive me when I say I know.

Do you know who helped illeminate the majority of rabbis in Europe? Reserach it. It was not the Nazis. Do you know that the majority of the Rabbis in Europe were against the creation of a Jewish state and beleived according to the Holy Talmud/Torah to be against the will of God, until the Messiah comes? Even the Holy Quran says in the section, 'the Children of Israel,' that Gid had picked the Children of Israel with the highest favour above all nations but they turned their backs on God and their covenent. This is a motif for the Holy Torah, the Holy Bible, and the Holy Quran. Those were in exodus have forgotten what it was like and are collectively as an entity behind one the greatest exodus in the world.

Is the Holy Land really material or is it something much more? It seems that the delights of this world have fooled many to fight for land, but let us also get something straight here their is a difference with fighting for land and fighting for your rights.

The people in this region are all being sucked in and blinded by a black hole of hate and anger. Have you ever thought of how people, Israelis, Lebanese, etc. are all being de-humanized and the psychological warp that has been started?

I am not a hate filled person, but I also cannot allow these lies to be passed as fact. Look at the attempts to involve and smear Iran's name in this conflict. This was not about two Israeli troops.

Everyone must do what they think and know what they think is right. You have brought out your hand and stretched to me and I thank you for this. WHoever you are I will help you; remember this name and these things; Benjamin H. Freedman, the Balfour Declaration (including the date), Norman Dodd, the modern Banking System, 'the financial links between the West, Nazi Germany, and the Communists,' the concept of world government, and Michel Chossodovsky.

Thank you

69.196.164.190

Humour
I must let you know that your humorous comments throughout Talk:2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict have made my editing that much more enjoyable . Cheers,  Tewfik Talk 05:49, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

Listen, Friend, no one will drive out of your land
Listen to me my friend; I must apologize to you again. Those who use to preach to the masses 'we will push Israel into the sea' are gone. The Holy Torah says 'divide not God's land.' These borders--all of them--are man made, but let the original inhabbitants come back. History is a test as is life; we are all the result of conquered nations and no one can claim that anything was truly theirs. We must share this world; it was given to us. The Temple Mount is yours as much as anyone elses. You and all inhabbitants should stay, but the political entity that is Israel as we know it must go. This is not a physical entity that must go, but an established invisiable thing. It is this that must be replaced. There must be internal change too. This is how the Israeli people will be saved. It is these people that were suppose to be "a light unto the nations," not to let themselves and their names be hijacked for pain and suffering by a few who do not care for the people of Israel or Gaza and the world.

There must be new state for you and for those who yearn to return. If this state is created and with justice; it will be the nucleaus of a union that will envelope the whole Middle East. Look at the European peoples, they have realized that they are one; although the hopes of these people is being manipulated by those in power that have different interests and motivations for creating the E.U.

I once reminded a friend who had lost faith and was only Jewish in name who beleived that there would never be any union of the peoples of the Middle East and that Israelis stood alone that the menorah was the sign of a few who seemed to be standing alone and only with their faith, convictions, and God; these few stood against tyranny and fought for justice. This is why the Menorah is with us; this is what the menorah represents, this is an idea being forgotten. Today, to me it is those who call themselves Hezbollah (a name I would never take on myself), maybe in a misguided way, are the ones fighting against injustice of a state and a movement it represnts that are not the interests of the Israeli people. This hope and conviction is what the Israeli people should hold onto.

This event has created animosity to such an extent that their will be a broader war that the peoples of the world will be suckered into and has been planned for years. And for what--for a few elite groups gaining more wealth and power and control. A few who have no allegance to any state or people, but just to themselves.

The land is yours to stay in and if anyone seeks to through you out their hearts are veiled, but also remember how those Palestinians felt when they were forced out. Also know that people are good and the will forgive, if they return and their is a single state solution with guaranteed rights for all and 'proper education' there will can be peace.

Before this can be done peoples must change their own societies. That means the Palestinians and Israelis; the people are being mislead. Fear and hatred is being cultivated as acontrol mechanism.

I appreciate you taking the time to write to me. What you wrote sturred a lot of good emotions from me. One last thing; the means never justify the ends...never ever will the means justify the ends. Nationalism is a plague and true religion is ignored or forgotten by most the world.

69.196.164.190

69.196.164.190

Vote on renaming title
In the Israel-Lebanon conflict page we are having a vote on renaming the title from Israel-Lebanon conflict to Israel-Lebanon War. Hope you vote for Israel-Lebanon War :)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:2006_Israel-Lebanon_conflict/Archive18#Requested_move_I:_2006_Israel-Hezbollah_Conflict zonerocks

A Modest Destiny
Hey there. I've just prodded A Modest Destiny as it doesn't seem to meet the web content notability guidelines. If you could take a look at it, that would be awesome. Thanks! --Brad Beattie (talk) 18:46, 15 January 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free image (Image:NarutoMap.jpg)
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Orphaned non-free image (Image:NarutoRookie9.jpg)
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Your Atlantic Records edit summary
LOL! Obvious edit summary; I had thought of it when I had to revert the article. FlowerpotmaN ·( t ) 23:14, 23 July 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:YoungSasuke.jpg
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Orphaned non-free image (Image:YoungSasuke.jpg)
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One of your edits
This edit leaves parts of the succeeding page incomprehensible, namely the two section titles. Both are intended to be answers to the question you deleted. The question was raised on the talk page by several people who edited the page. Without it, parts of the page cannot be understood. Michael Hardy 23:46, 22 August 2007 (UTC)

Nice user page, interesting (and entertaining) useboxes
I've had a rotten week & day (unrelated to Wikipedia), and your well-thought-through work on Occam's Razor a while back just happened to bring me to your user page. Thanks for introducing me to quite a few useboxes, which I had not seen before. It means a lot when one gets to smile for the first time on a rotten day. And yes - I lost the Game :-) --Ronja 15:41, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

Occam's razor comment
In response to your comment about my edit for Occam's razor, at first glance I thought you were being sarcastic, but now I am confused. I now assume that you are being serious. If so, then no problemo! --Gary King 06:50, 11 October 2007 (UTC)

AfD nomination of Kekkei genkai
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Articles for deletion/Naruto geography (2nd nomination)
An article that you have been involved in editing, Naruto geography, has been listed for deletion. If you are interested in the deletion discussion, please participate by adding your comments at Articles for deletion/Naruto geography (2nd nomination).

Another editor started it 2 November and I just noticed that the contributors still needed to be notified. -- A. B. (talk) 19:23, 5 November 2007 (UTC)

Redirect of Akado Yoroi
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theories of tekken
i have a theories about tekken, these theories is for the games series and comic series..

1. angel is a part of kazuya's soul. now many people believe that and some dont, well name a tekken game where it actually states that, in words or from namco.. you see in tekken 1 the game did not state that angel is apart of kazuya's soul in word nor did it show it, even in tekken 2 it did not state it in words or have shown it. heck the movie dont state it.. that means that it is an inference. an inference is somewhat of a theory, some thing that is infered

i have many other theories to tell.......

theories of tekken
i have a theories about tekken, these theories is for the games series and comic series..

1. angel is a part of kazuya's soul. now many people believe that and some dont, well name a tekken game where it actually states that, in words or from namco.. you see in tekken 1 the game did not state that angel is apart of kazuya's soul in word nor did it show it, even in tekken 2 it did not state it in words or have shown it. heck the movie dont state it.. that means that it is an inference. an inference is somewhat of a theory, some thing that is infered

i have many other theories to tell....... --Teriko--

ArbCom elections are now open!
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Wikipedia:RDRR listed at Redirects for discussion
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Naruto ninja ranks listed at Redirects for discussion
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Nomination of Jutsu (Naruto) for deletion
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title: User talk:AceMyth