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, and thence runs to the Black Sea to the south of Mangalia, which is included in Roumanian territory. The Black Sea forms the eastern boundary of Bulgaria. On the south the frontier follows upwards from its mouth the mid-channel of the brook near which are situated the villages of Hodzakiöj, Selam-Kiöj, Aivadsik, Kulibe, Sudzuluk; crosses obliquely the valley of the Deli-Kamcik, passes south of Belibe and Kemhalik and north of Hadzimahale after having crossed the Deli-Kamcik at 2½ kilom. above Cengei; reaches the crest at a point situated between Tekenlik and Aidos-Bredza, and follows it by Karnabad Balkan, Prisevica Balkan, Kazan Balkan to the north of Kotel as far as Demir Kapu. It proceeds by the principal chain of the Great Balkan, the whole length of which it follows up to the summit of Kosica.

There it leaves the crest of the Balkan, descends southwards between the villages of Pirtop and Duzanci, the one being left to Bulgaria and the other to Eastern Roumelia, as far as the brook of Tuzlu Dere, follows that stream to its junction with the Topolnica, then the latter river until it meets the Smovskio Dere near the village of Petricevo, leaving to Eastern Roumelia a zone with a radius of 2 kilom. above that junction, ascends between the brooks of Smovskio Dere and the Kamenica, following the line of the watershed so as to turn to the south-west at the level of Voinjak and reach directly the point 875 of the Austrian Staff map.

The frontier line cuts at right angles the upper basin of the brook of Ichtiman Dere, passes between Bogdina and Karaúla, so as to rejoin the line of the watershed separating the basins of the Isker and the Marica, between Camurli and Hadzilar,


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 CHAPTER VII.

left Auckland on a Thursday afternoon in the Rotomahana. She is seldom driven at her full speed, as the vibration is somewhat excessive. The catering is first-class, and the army of stewards are more than ordinarily attentive and obliging. They are quite military in the precision of their movements. At the sound of a handbell they range themselves in position. At another signal the covers are removed with a flourish. At each fresh signal some fresh manœuvre is repeated with a precise exactitude which would rejoice the heart of a rigid disciplinarian, and which, in good sooth, contributes much to the comfort of the passengers, and entirely does away with the usual scrambling and disorder at meals on shipboard.

At the bottom of the deep bay which trends southward from Auckland's spacious harbour, and a little to the westward of East Cape, lies the small military settlement of Opotiki. It was formed during the war, each settler in exchange for the fee

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

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The above middle frame should be made either in three parts of five, all to join together, which may serve on different occasions; on which suppose gravel walks, hedges, and variety of different things, as a little Chinese temple for the middle, or any other handsome ornament; which may be procured from the Confectioners, and will serve year after year; the top, bottom and sides are to be set out with such things as are to be got, or the season of the year will allow, as fruits, nuts of all kinds, creams, jellies, whip syllabubs, biscuits, &c. and as many plates as you please, according to the size of the table.

All this depends wholly on a little experience, and a good fancy to ornament in a pretty ner;


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 simple of twenty acres being liable to military service. Officers got a proportionately larger grant. This is now a flourishing community of farmers and wool-growers.

In some of the country papers I noticed the advertisements of an Immigration Society, which seemed to me to be capable of a useful development in Australia. The idea seemed to be to encourage lads and lasses to emigrate under the auspices of the society; and it undertook to provide situations for the adventurous youths on their arrival in the colony. Farmers and settlers, desirous of having helps, were invited to send in applications to the local agents, or to the head office; and, from what I read, it seemed that in return for board and tuition in all sorts of country work, giving "colonial experience," in fact, the new comer was bound down for a term, to his host and teacher. Doubtless such a system might be abused. But under careful supervision, and the direction of genial men of tried probity, would it not be better than the haphazard no-system which is pursued in Sydney and elsewhere? In New South Wales emigrants are often shamefully treated. Domestic servants, indeed, are competed for as if they were prize pedigree stock, but mate labourers, artisans, and such like, are often turned adrift without knowing to what part of the country they should go for employment. A labour bureau after the American fashion would be a decided improvement on the present faulty system.

The scheme I refer to as being advertised in the

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 New Zealand papers seems to have the merit of being in accordance with common sense. The Sydney plan is something as follows:—Here is a young fellow yearning for an opening in the outer world. His parents are quite willing to give him a little money to start him. They cannot give him much; but what little they can scrape together is precious. It is the hard-earned savings of much self-denial and laborious years, The youth under our Sydney system arrives in a strange country after a voyage, during which he has little kindly supervision, and may be exposed to many sadly adverse influences. He is cast out on his own resources, with less thought bestowed on him, than on the bales of merchandise that travelled out with him in the hold of the ship. He soon finds out the value of his letters of introduction. If he apply to a labour agency—a perfectly irresponsible medium, be it remembered—not even licensed by the State, or supervised in any official way, he may, after considerable expense, succeed in finding employment. He may? Yes! But he may not—most often does not—till his little hoard has vanished, and he is no longer in a position to refuse any offer. Then begins the life in the new world, round which was centred so many roseate hopes and anticipations. The best material in the world would feel cast down, and the lad does not really get the best chance. How many get wearied and disheartened before the battle is well begun? How many sink in the fight, and are lost after all the brave hopes and worthy resolves? But suppose now that on his

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 arrival he was met and welcomed by some good cheery inspector of such a society as I am referring to. His luggage is looked after for him. He is directed to the lodging guaranteed by the society. He has a list of vacancies put before him, every information as to locality, mode of life, prospects of success in this or that, are clearly and kindly explained to him. His money, if he have any, is put safely out at interest for him. His selection is made. He knows he has some one who will take, an interest in him. He acquires his experience, and at the end of two years' time, who can doubt that he is ready to start a career for himself, and become a valuable acquisition to the State?

Methinks there's room for philanthropic, patriotic Australians doing something in this direction, which ought to have been done long ago, which Dr. Lang (fine old Great Heart!) did do, and which the societies I speak of are doing now, in connection with immigration to New Zealand.

I am aware that heartless scoundrels have acted nefariously under the guise of doing all that I suggest; but, under directors of known character, such a scheme would, I think, be a laudable and patriotic, and, I verily believe, might be made a profitable venture. The young immigrants would be in fact apprenticed. In my humble opinion there is far too little apprenticeship now-a-days in every department of human effort.

But a truce to moralizing.

From East Cape to Gisborne, a distance of about eighty nautical miles, one sees but a wild

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 mountainous country, with a precipitous, rugged coast. This country is as yet exclusively in the hands of natives, if we except the two widely-separated hamlets at Tologa Bay and Waiapu. There is no farming. The settlers subsist by their trade, and barter with the natives. The Maoris themselves cultivate—chiefly maize and potatoes, and a very little wheat at times. This they thresh out in primitive style by the aid of their horses' hoofs. Native wheat in New Zealand can be known, as native indigo is, in India—by the dirt in the samples.

There is a large amount of fine forest-land and many rich fertile valleys inland waiting exploitation, but the coast is very barren. There is a proposal before the speculative public now to form a great popular syndicate and acquire this tract of country by purchase, and then settle it on a communistic plan. Here's a chance for the disciples of Henry George. I would like to see it tried.

Turning round Gable End Foreland, a sheer abrupt rocky face like the gable of a mighty house, a formation, as one can see by the detached fragments and hummocks in the sea at its base, evidently the result of some tremendous landslip, we enter Poverty Bay, in the mid circumference of which nestles the neat and thriving little town of Gisborne.

The roadstead is exposed to south-east gales, and a poor stranded barque, lying battered and broken on the strand, with the exultant waves hungrily licking her riven ribs, proved conclusively

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 how dangerous these can be at times. Even in this little coastal town, public spirit is ahead of Sydney in at least one respect. Gisborne can boast of a Harbour Board. A loan has been proposed, and plans are already prepared, and will shortly be proceeded with, for the formation of a harbour which will render the anchorage safe at all times. On the substantial wharf are commodious sheds. The streets are wide, planted with shade-trees, and the embankment of the river is strengthened with flourishing rows of pollard poplars. The river winds picturesquely past, skirting the town, and the bridges, footpaths, &c., were all in capital order. There is a capital hotel, kept by Wilson, and many really highclass-looking shops.

A cheese factory has been started here lately, and the cheese I tasted was exquisite in flavour. There is a future for Gisborne. The back country contains magnificent pastures, and the people seem wideawake. The getting ashore was a hazardous feat. The sea was high. The steam launch bobbed about like a cork. The gangway was slung from the ship, and was now high in mid-air, now banging on the funnel, or deck, or cabin hatch of the launch. Luckily we all got ashore and back to the steamer again without accident; and in the evening away we steamed for Napier.

We arrived off Napier, in Hawke's Bay, very early, and caught the first launch. The offing here is too exposed to south-east winds; but here,

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Rh you must have artificial flowers of all sorts, and some natural ones out of a garden in summer time do very well intermixed.


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 too, the Harbour Board is vigilant and active. It is indeed pleasant to see the signs of so much enterprise and public spirit. The sea-shore here is fringed with shifting banks of shingle, which has been carried down from the main range by the swift rivers that tear through the gorges and denude the hill country, on a scale which is, perhaps, paralleled nowhere else on the face of our globe. This moving shingle is carried up by the currents, which set strongly into the bay, and many leagues of lagoon which formerly existed have been silted up by the sea action. In fact, the bold spit, behind which lies the town itself, was formerly an island; and tradition has it, that Captain Cook sailed between the spit, which was then called Scinde Island, and the mainland, over the very spot on which is now built the trim, bustling town. Port Ahuriri, the merchants' centre, with all its great wool and produce stores, and commodious warehouses, is built on reclamations from the marsh. On the shingle bars, in fact, which have been cast up by the ocean currents. There is still a great body of water in the lagoon inland, and this creates a very powerful scour, sufficient to keep the channel deep and open with the aid of a dredge, which is constantly at work. The workmen employed by the Harbour Board are kept busily engaged raking out and stacking up the great round water-worn boulders, which the tides are perpetually casting on the bank at the mouth of the harbour. Acting under reliable engineering advice, the board propose to build out

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 a long breakwater into the deep, which would turn the ocean currents, and with the strong natural scour from the lagoon, would, it is believed, keep the harbour clear. The plans provide for a harbour with a depth of thirty-six feet, as the tides are high here.

It was proposed to expend 300,000l. on this important work. In Parliament the motion was scouted. But the Napierites were determined. The prejudices of party, the divisions of cliques, the differences of creeds, were all forgotten. Common cause was made, and after a long and sore struggle, the bill was passed, and very shortly the work will be commenced. Already there is an enormous meat-preserving industry flourishing at Tomoana, where the cleanest, most succulent dainties of this description are turned out in a style not excelled anywhere. Large areas are now laid down in tobacco, and this bids fair to become a thriving industry. The Hawke's Bay pastures and crops are famous throughout Australasia. Cheese factories are being established. The frozen meat industry has already attained goodly proportions. Much timber is exported, and the port is bound to become one of very great importance. Already the annual exports have reached the imposing total of 600,000l. More power to the Harbour Board, say I, and good luck to the plucky, public-spirited people of Napier.

These same good folks of Napier must surely

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 have sturdy legs. They would need them. The steeps, and stairs, and climbing walks, and bellows-bursting paths, beat Edinburgh hollow, and would even, I think, run Malta hard. The town itself, with its shops, hotels, public buildings, factories, &c., is on the flat on the landward side of the spit or mountainous bluff. The merchants' portion, as I have said, is at Port Ahuriri on the seaward side of the spit. But the dwellings of the shopkeepers and merchants are perched high up on the precipitous sides of the hilly bluff itself. They are perched aloft at every conceivable altitude, and look down at you from towering elevations. They crown rugged heights. They line precipitous gullies. They stick like limpets to sheer walls of rock. Embowered amid artificially made gardens they peep at you from shady foliage in places where you would think it hard for the trees themselves to keep a foothold. All the villas and houses are of wood, and really the general effect of this garden crowned, villa bestrewn, precipitous bluff-land is very pleasing. There are many deep cuttings leading to the various ravines, and everywhere wooden steps and winding walks. The extent must be some thousands of acres, some few miles perhaps, but every spot on which by any exercise of ingenuity a house could possibly have been built has been taken advantage of. Napier is, in fact, the Malta of the southern seas, only with all the rich accessories of southern vegetation, and the clear, crisp, glorious freshness of the southern atmosphere.

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 There is a very efficient water service. Fire-plugs at every corner. The streets are clean and the shop fronts bright, and the municipal watercarts, drawn by really magnificent horses, actually keep the dust laid. Think of it, ye city magnates of Sydney!

There is one hansom cab. The driver is neat, obliging, and moderate in his charges. He hops down to open the door for his fare. He cheerfully assists with luggage. In one corner of the cab is a small hand-bell to draw his attention to the wants or wishes of his passenger. A neat glass panel is provided on which to strike matches. A file of the latest newspapers is ready at your elbow, and in the remaining corner is a handsome horn-shaped vase, with. a dainty fresh bouquet of flowers, set in water, and brightening up the interior.

Think of that, ye long-suffering cab patrons of Sydney! Think of it, ye much maligned, courteous, gentlemanly, angelic Bayards; ye never-to-be-forgotten cabbies of Sydney.

The Salvation Army at the time of our visit to Napier had become somewhat attenuated. The officers outnumbered the rank and file in rather too much Mexican fashion. The band consisted of one very uncertain cornet and two blasting—not to say blasted—instruments, whose scope seemed limited to a hard-and-fast slavish adherence to one monotonous sound, emitted in jerks or slabs as it were. The sound would have suited a jungly boar with a bad cough, but was not calculated to rouse any one to religious fervour. Rather the reverse. The army consisted of three instrumentalists, five

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 red-coated officers, two poor girls in poke bonnets, and as far as we could see one rank and file.

To me it was really a melancholy sight. Nobody seemed to take any notice of them. The row they made was simply exasperating. Yet they tootled away, and sang hoarsely their one tune (it never varied, at least during the four days we heard them), and perambulated the streets with a regularity which surely merited more recognition than it met with.

On Sunday they paraded past the churches, rather markedly as I thought, and seemed defiant in their blare and irreverent noise. It seemed out of harmony with the quiet Sabbath air of the place. The Presbyterian Church we attended was crammed. Every seat was uncomfortably full. The minister, a plain blunt Scot, with an unmistakable accent smacking of the Grampians, gave an eloquent extempore sermon on "The persistent influence of a good man," which was listened to with marked attention. The singing, to the accompaniment of a capital organ well played, was excellent, and most heartily joined in by the crowded congregation. The English and Roman churches seemed just as well attended as the Scotch. On the whole, my impression of Napier was that it is a well-ordered, self-respecting, thriving town; and the pleasant and profitable Sabbath we spent there was not the least enjoyable of the many delightful days we spent during our trip.

In the afternoon we wandered along the shingly beach under the overhanging cliffs, and watched

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 the breakers come rolling in. We climbed the flagstaff-hill, past the asylum and gaol, and had pointed out to us the quarry and cutting in the hill, where the prisoners are sensibly forced to work, and in part pay for their subsistence, instead of being pampered and kept in easy idleness at the expense of the ratepayers.

Back to church in the evening, where the congregation was just as dense and as attentive as in the morning. On Tuesday we bade good-bye to Napier.

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text: Our New Zealand Cousins/Chapter 7

title: Our New Zealand Cousins/Chapter 7


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Rh


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Rh

As to all sorts of little biscuits, almonds, and nicknacks, thrown in the middle of the salver, or wet sweetmeats in little glasses, they may be intermixed according to fancy.


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 {| align="center"
 * width=100px| ||width=50px| ||width=150px|Whipt syllabubs.||width=50px| ||width=100px|
 * Golden pippins.|| || || ||Filberts.
 * Chesnuts.|| ||rowspan=2|Jellies, lemon cream, and sweetmeats, both wet and dry, piled upon salvers, with crisped almonds, and nicknacks.|| ||Large oranges, sliced and sugar stewed over.
 * Plumbs.|| || ||Nonpareils.
 * Blanc-mange.|| || || ||Ice cream.
 * || ||Whipt syllabubs.
 * || ||Lemon cream.
 * Dried cherries.|| || || ||Dried plumbs.
 * || ||Jellies.
 * Winter pears.|| || || ||Grapes.
 * Pistachio nuts.|| || || ||Almonds and raisins.
 * || ||Almond flummery.
 * }
 * || ||Lemon cream.
 * Dried cherries.|| || || ||Dried plumbs.
 * || ||Jellies.
 * Winter pears.|| || || ||Grapes.
 * Pistachio nuts.|| || || ||Almonds and raisins.
 * || ||Almond flummery.
 * }
 * Dried cherries.|| || || ||Dried plumbs.
 * || ||Jellies.
 * Winter pears.|| || || ||Grapes.
 * Pistachio nuts.|| || || ||Almonds and raisins.
 * || ||Almond flummery.
 * }
 * Pistachio nuts.|| || || ||Almonds and raisins.
 * || ||Almond flummery.
 * }
 * || ||Almond flummery.
 * }
 * }
 * }
 * }
 * }
 * }
 * }


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Rh


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360 of the superuniverse is a trifle less than two hundred and fifty thousand light-years.

The universe of Nebadon now swings far to the south and east in the superuniverse circuit of Orvonton. The nearest neighboring universes are: Avalon, Henselon, Sanselon, Portalon, Wolvering, Fanoving, and Alvoring.

But the evolution of a local universe is a long narrative. Papers dealing with the superuniverse introduce this subject, those of this section, treating of the local creations, continue it, while those to follow, touching upon the history and destiny of Urantia, complete the story. But you can adequately comprehend the destiny of the mortals of such a local creation only by a perusal of the narratives of the life and teachings of your Creator Son as he once lived the life of man, in the likeness of mortal flesh, on your own evolutionary world.

The only creation that is perfectly settled is Havona, the central universe, which was made directly by the thought of the Universal Father and the word of the Eternal Son. Havona is an existential, perfect, and replete universe, surrounding the home of the eternal Deities, the center of all things. The creations of the seven superuniverses are finite, evolutionary, and consistently progressive.

The physical systems of time and space are all evolutionary in origin. They are not even physically stabilized until they are swung into the settled circuits of their superuniverses. Neither is a local universe settled in light and life until its physical possibilities of expansion and development have been exhausted, and until the spiritual status of all its inhabited worlds has been forever settled and stabilized.

Except in the central universe, perfection is a progressive attainment. In the central creation we have a pattern of perfection, but all other realms must attain that perfection by the methods established for the advancement of those particular worlds or universes. And an almost infinite variety characterizes the plans of the Creator Sons for organizing, evolving, disciplining, and settling their respective local universes.

With the exception of the deity presence of the Father, every local universe is, in a certain sense, a duplication of the administrative organization of the central or pattern creation. Although the Universal Father is personally present in the residential universe, he does not indwell the minds of the beings originating in that universe as he does literally dwell with the souls of the mortals of time and space. There seems to be an all-wise compensation in the adjustment and regulation of the spiritual affairs of the far-flung creation. In the central universe the Father is personally present as such but absent in the minds of the children of that perfect creation; in the universes of space the Father is absent in person, being represented by his Sovereign Sons, while he is intimately present in the minds of his mortal children, being spiritually represented by the prepersonal presence of the Mystery Monitors that reside in the minds of these will creatures.

On the headquarters of a local universe there reside all those creator and creative personalities who represent self-contained authority and administrative autonomy except the personal presence of the Universal Father. In the local


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Rh

 * Note.—You may alter the side plates as you think proper, or with such fruit and things as you can get.


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 {| align="center"
 * width=100px| ||width=50px| ||width=150px|Whipt syllabubs.||width=50px| ||width=100px|
 * Filberts.|| || || ||Ratafia cakes.
 * Jellies.|| ||A large dish of fruit of all sorts, piled up, and set out with green leaves.|| ||Jellies.
 * Ratafia cakes.|| || || ||Filberts.
 * || ||Whipt syllabubs.
 * || ||Raberrice cream.
 * Walnuts.|| || || ||Nonpareils.
 * Green and black grapes.|| ||Jellies piled up on two salvers, a large glass in the middle.|| ||Black and green grapes.
 * Pears.|| || || ||Filberts.
 * || ||Gooseberry fool.
 * }
 * || ||Raberrice cream.
 * Walnuts.|| || || ||Nonpareils.
 * Green and black grapes.|| ||Jellies piled up on two salvers, a large glass in the middle.|| ||Black and green grapes.
 * Pears.|| || || ||Filberts.
 * || ||Gooseberry fool.
 * }
 * || ||Raberrice cream.
 * Walnuts.|| || || ||Nonpareils.
 * Green and black grapes.|| ||Jellies piled up on two salvers, a large glass in the middle.|| ||Black and green grapes.
 * Pears.|| || || ||Filberts.
 * || ||Gooseberry fool.
 * }
 * Pears.|| || || ||Filberts.
 * || ||Gooseberry fool.
 * }
 * }
 * }
 * }
 * }
 * }
 * }
 * }


text: While the Billy Boils/An Old Mate of Your Father's


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Rh


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 But his face was mostly round and brown and jolly, his hands were always horny, and his beard grey. Sometimes he might have seemed strange and uncouth to us at first, but the old man never appeared the least surprised at anything he said or did―they understood each other so well and we would soon take to this relic of our father's past, who would have fruit or lollies for us―strange that he always remembered them―and would surreptitiously slip 'shilluns' into our dirty little hands, and tell us stories about the old days, 'when me an' yer father was on the diggin's, an' you wasn't thought of, my boy.'

Sometimes the old mate would stay over Sunday, and in the forenoon or after dinner he and father would take a walk amongst the deserted shafts of Sapling Gully or along Quartz Ridge, and criticize old ground, and talk of past diggers' mistakes, and second bottoms, and feelers, and dips, and leads―also outcrops and absently pick up pieces of quartz and slate, rub them on their sleeves, look at them in an abstracted manner, and drop them again; and they would talk of some old lead they had worked on: 'Hogan's party was here on one side of us, Macintosh was here on the other, Mac was getting good gold and so was Hogan, and now, why the blanky blank weren't we on gold?' And the mate would always agree that there was 'gold in them ridges and gullies yet, if a man only had the money behind him to git at it.' And then perhaps the guv'nor would show him a spot where he intended to put down a shaft some day―the old man was always


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Rh

Take four pounds of damask rose water, of lavender water and spike water, three ounces each; the water of blossoms of lemons or oranges, the water of the blossoms of a myrtle tree, blossoms of jessamine and marjorum, of each half a pound; add of storax of jessamine and marjorum, of each half a pound; add of storax calamita and benjamin, a drachm each, and of musk, half a scruple; mingle them well together, and keep it in phials well stopped six days; then distil it in Balneum Mariæ, and keep the water in a glass vessel fifteen days in the sun, and it will be fit for use.

Take of fresh flowers of rosemary, two pounds, damask-rose water, two pounds, and a scruple of amber; put these into a glass phial well stopt for ten days; distil in in Balneum Mariæ, and keep it in a glass phial stopt very close.

Take four pounds of the above-mentioned water, two pounds of damask-rose water, and half a scruple of amber; mix these together, keep them close stopt in a phial and put it in the sun for a month, and it will be fit for use.

Take four pounds of damask-rose water, with six ounces of lavender water, three pounds of jessamine


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 thinking of putting down a shaft. And these two old 'Fifty-Niners would mooch round and sit on their heels on the sunny mullock heaps and break clay lumps between their hands, and lay plans for the putting down of shafts, and smoke, till an urchin was sent to 'look for his father and Mr. So-and-so, and tell 'em to come to their dinner.

And again―mostly in the fresh of the morning―they would hang about the fences on the selection and review the live stock: five dusty skeletons of cows, a hollow-sided calf or two, and one shocking piece of equine scenery―which, by the way, the old mate always praised. But the selector's heart was not in farming nor on selections―it was far away with the last new rush in West Australia or Queensland, or perhaps buried in the worked out ground of Tambaroora, Married Man's Creek, or Araluen; and by-and-by the memory of some half-forgotten reef or lead or 'Last Chance,' 'Nil Desperandum,' or 'Brown Snake' claim would take their thoughts far back and away from the dusty patch of sods and struggling sprouts called the crop, or the few discouraged, half-dead slips which comprised the orchard. Then their conversation would be pointed with many Golden Points, Baikery Hills, Deep Creeks, Maitland Bars, Specimen Flats, and Chinamen's Gullies. And so they'd yarn till the youngster came to tell them that 'Mother sez the breakfus is gettin' cold,' and then the old mate would rouse himself and stretch and say, 'Well, we mustn't keep the missus waitin', Tom!'

And, after tea, they would sit on a log of the wood-heap, or the edge of the verandah―that is, in warm


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 jessamine flowers, and half a scruple of fine musk; keep them ten days in a vessel close stopt, distil it in Balneum Mariæ, and it will be extremely good.

Take the peels of oranges and green citrons, of each half an ounce, a scruple of cloves, and six ounces of the flowers of spike; mix them all together with six pounds of damask-rose water, let it stand in a vessel covered for the space of ten days, distil it in Balneum Mariæ, and it will be exceedingly good.

Take two pounds of damask-rose leaves, half a scruple of good amber, and beat them together; set it upon hot embers two or three days, and steep them ten days in ten pounds of damask-rose water; then distil it, and let it stand in the sun fifteen days.

Take sweet marjorum, lavender, rosemary muscovy, maudillon balon, fine walnut leaves, damask roses, and pinks, of each a like quantity, and sufficient to fill the still; then take of the best orange and damask rose powder, and storax, each two ounces; strew one or two handfuls of the powder upon your herbs, and distil them with a slow fire; tie a little musk in a piece of lawn, and hang it in the glass your water drops into; when it is all distilled, take out the cake, and mix them with the powders that are left; lay


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 weather―and yarn about Ballarat and Bendigo―of the days when we spoke of being 'on' a place oftener than 'at' it: on Ballarat, on Gulgong, on Lambing Flat, on Creswick―and they would use the definite article before the names, as: 'on The Turon; The Lachlan; The Home Rule; The Canadian Lead.' Then again they'd yarn of old mates, such as Tom Brook, Jack Henright, and poor Martin Ratcliffe―who was killed in his golden hole―and of other men whom they didn't seem to have known much about, and who went by the names of 'Adelaide Adolphus,' 'Corney George,' and other names which might have been more or less applicable.

And sometimes they'd get talking, low and mysterious like, about 'Th' Eureka Stockade;' and if we didn't understand and asked questions, 'what was the Eureka Stockade?' or 'what did they do it for?' father'd say: 'Now, run away, sonny, and don't bother; me and Mr. So-and-so want to talk.' Father had the mark of a hole on his leg, which he said he got through a gun accident when a boy, and a scar on his side, that we saw when he was in swimming with us; he said he got that in an accident in a quartz-crushing machine. Mr. So-and-so had a big scar on the side of his forehead that was caused by a pick accidentally slipping out of a loop in the rope, and falling down a shaft where he was working. But how was it they talked low, and their eyes brightened up, and they didn't look at each other, but away over sunset, and had to get up and walk about, and take a stroll in the cool of the evening when they talked about Eureka?


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 And, again they'd talk lower and more mysterious like, and perhaps mother would be passing the wood-heap and catch a word, and ask:

'Who was she, Tom?'

And Tom―Father―would say:

'Oh, you didn't know her, Mary; she belonged to a family Bill knew at home.'

And Bill would look solemn till mother had gone, and then they would smile a quiet smile, and stretch and say, 'Ah, well!' and start something else.

They had yarns for the fireside, too, some of those old mates of our father's, and one of them would often tell how a girl―a queen of the diggings―was married, and had her wedding-ring made out of the gold of that field; and how the diggers weighed their gold with the new wedding-ring―for luck―by hanging the ring on the hook of the scales and attaching their chamois-leather gold bags to it (whereupon she boasted that four hundred ounces of the precious metal passed through her wedding-ring); and how they lowered the young bride, blindfolded, down a golden hole in a big bucket, and got her to point out the drive from which the gold came that her ring was made out of. The point of this story seems to have been lost―or else we forgot it―but it was characteristic. Had the girl been lowered down a duffer, and asked to point out the way to the gold, and had she done so successfully, there would have been some sense in it.

And they would talk of King, and Maggie Oliver, and G. V. Brooke, and others, and remember how the diggers went five miles out to meet the coach that


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Rh lay them among your clothes, or with sweet oils, and burn them for perfumes.

Take damask-rose buds and cut off the whites; then take orange flower or rose water, wherein benjamin, storax, lignum rhodium, civet and musk have been steeped; dip some leaves therein, and stick a clove into every rose bud; dry them betwixt two papers, and they will fall asunder: this perfume will last seven years.

Take rose leaves cut off the whites, and sprinkle them with the aforesaid water, putting some powder of cloves among them, and when dry, put them up in bags to sweeten your clothes.

Take rose leaves, and as you putt them, lay them so that they touch not one another, turning them every day; when they are very dry them up in a wide mouthed glass, and tie them up close: roses thus dried will keep their perfect colour.

Take the parings of forty oranges of the best sort, steep them in a gallon of sack three days, and distill the sack and peels together in a limbeck: if you wish to have it very strong, distil it in an ordinary rose-water still; put it into bottles, and drop in a little white sugar candy; divide the oranges and sack twice.

To


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 brought the girl actress, and took the horses out and brought her in in triumph, and worshipped her, and sent her off in glory, and threw nuggets into her lap. And how she stood upon the box-seat and tore her sailor hat to pieces, and threw the fragments amongst the crowd; and how the diggers fought for the bits and thrust them inside their shirt bosoms; and how she broke down and cried, and could in her turn have worshipped those men―loved them, every one. They were boys all, and gentlemen all. There were college men, artists, poets, musicians, journalists―Bohemians all. Men from all the lands and one. They understood art―and poverty was dead.

And perhaps the old mate would say slyly, but with a sad, quiet smile:

'Have you got that bit of straw yet, Tom?'

Those old mates had each three pasts behind them. The two they told each other when they became mates, and the one they had shared.

And when the visitor had gone by the coach we noticed that the old man would smoke a lot, and think as much, and take great interest in the fire, and be a trifle irritable perhaps.

Those old mates of our father's are getting few and far between, and only happen along once in a way to keep the old man's memory fresh, as it were. We met one to-day, and had a yarn with him, and afterwards we got thinking, and somehow began to wonder whether those ancient friends of ours were, or were not, better and kinder to their mates than we of the rising generation are to our fathers; and the doubt is painfully on the wrong side.


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Take three handfuls of the tops of young lavender, and as much of the flowers of woodbine, full ripe and plucked from the stalks; then take as much orice root as two walnuts and an half, an orange peel dried, and as much calamus as one walnut, and beat them all together.

Take three ounces and an half of benjamin, steep it three or four days in damask-rose water, then of rose leaves half a pound, and beat them as small as for conserve, and put the benjamin into it, with half a quarter of an ounce of musk, and as much civet; beat them all together, and make them up in cakes; then put them between two rose leaves, lay them upon papers in a place where there is no fire, and turn them often into dry papers; when you use them, lay one on a coal, minding it is not too hot.

Take a quantity of rosemary flowers, and put them into a wide mouthed glass; put to them as much spirit of sack as will taste strong of the flowers, cork them close, and let them stand ten days at least, stirring frequently; then distil this water in a limbeck, and keep it for use.

This water may be made by putting a quart of the spirit of wine into the essence, and proceeding as with other waters.

To


text: While the Billy Boils/Settling on the Land


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worst bore in Australia just now is the man who raves about getting the people on the land, and button-holes you in the street with a little scheme of his own. He generally does not know what he is talking about.

There is in Sydney a man named Tom Hopkins who settled on the land once, and sometimes you can get him to talk about it. He did very well at his trade in the city, years ago, until he began to think that he could do better up-country. Then he arranged with his sweetheart to be true to him and wait whilst he went West and made a home. She drops out of the story at this point.

He selected on a run at Dry Hole Creek, and for months awaited the arrival of the Government surveyors to fix his boundaries; but they didn't come, and, as he had no reason to believe they would turn up within the next ten years, he grubbed and fenced at a venture, and started farming operations.

Does the reader know what grubbing means? Tom does. He found the biggest, ugliest, and most useless trees on his particular piece of ground; also the greatest number of adamantine stumps. He started


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 without experience, or with very little, but with plenty of advice from men who knew less about farming than he did. He found a soft place between two roots on one side of the first tree, made a narrow, irregular hole, and burrowed down till he reached a level where the tap-root was somewhat less than four feet in diameter, and not quite as hard as flint: then he found that he hadn't room to swing the axe, so he heaved out another ton or two of earth―and rested. Next day he sank a shaft on the other side of the gum; and after tea, over a pipe, it struck him that it would be a good idea to burn the tree out, and so use up the logs and lighter rubbish lying round. So he widened the excavation, rolled in some logs, and set fire to them―with no better result than to scorch the roots.

Tom persevered. He put the trace harness on his horse, drew in all the logs within half a mile, and piled them on the windward side of that gum; and during the night the fire found a soft place, and the tree burnt off about six feet above the surface, falling on a squatter's boundary fence, and leaving the ugliest kind of stump to occupy the selector's attention; which it did, for a week. He waited till the hole cooled, and then he went to work with pick, shovel, and axe: and even now he gets interested in drawings of machinery, such as are published in the agricultural weeklies, for getting out stumps without graft. He thought he would be able to get some posts and rails out of that tree, but found reason to think that a cast-iron column would split sooner and straighter. He traced some of the surface roots to


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Rh

Take what quantity of brandy you chuse, putting to every gallon a quart of the best orange-flower water, and a quart of good French wine; the brandy must be very fine and of a good age; put in about four hundred apricot stones, and a pound and a quarter of white sugar-candy; crack the stones and put them, with the shells, into a bottle; stop it very close, seal it down, and put it in the sun for six weeks; take it in every night, observing to shake it well; let it settle, and rack it off when it is perfectly fine.

Take rosa solis, agrimony, betony, scabius, centaury tops, scordium, balm, rue, wormwood, mugwort, celandine, rosemary, marigold leaves, brown sage, burnet, carduus, and dragons, of each a large handful; angelica, piony, tormentil, and elecampane roots, and liquorice, of each one ounce; cut the herbs, slice the roots, and put them all into an earthen pot; add to them a gallon of white wine, and a quart of brandy; let them steep two days close covered, then distil it in an ordinary still over a gentle fire, and sweeten it as you think proper.

Take of the best juniper berries twelve ounces, proof spirits of wine three gallons, a sufficient quantity of water, and distil them; you may sweeten it with sugar. It is an excellent remedy for wind in the stomach and bowels, powerfully provokes urine, and is therefore a good diuretick in


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 the other side of the selection, and broke most of his trace-chains trying to get them out by horse-power―for they had other roots going down from underneath. He cleared a patch in the course of time and for several seasons he broke more plough-shares than he could pay for.

Meanwhile the squatter was not idle. Tom's tent was robbed several times, and his hut burnt down twice. Then he was charged with killing some sheep and a steer on the run, and converting them to his own use, but got off mainly because there was a difference of opinion between the squatter and the other local J.P. concerning politics and religion.

Tom ploughed and sowed wheat, but nothing came up to speak of―the ground was too poor; so he carted stable manure six miles from the nearest town, manured the land, sowed another crop, and prayed for rain. It came. It raised a flood which washed the crop clean off the selection, together with several acres of manure, and a considerable portion of the original surface soil; and the water brought down enough sand to make a beach, and spread it over the field to a depth of six inches. The flood also took half a mile of fencing from along the creek bank, and landed it in a bend, three miles down, on a dummy selection, where it was confiscated.

Tom didn't give up he was energetic. He cleared another piece of ground on the siding, and sowed more wheat; it had the rust in it, or the smut and averaged three shillings per bushel. Then he sowed lucerne and oats, and bought a few cows: he had an idea of starting a dairy. First, the cows' eyes got


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 bad, and he sought the advice of a German cockie, and acted upon it; he blew powdered alum through paper tubes into the bad eyes, and got some of it snorted and butted back into his own. He cured the cows' eyes and got the sandy blight in his own, and for a week or so he couldn't tell one end of a cow from the other, but sat in a dark corner of the hut and groaned, and soaked his glued eyelashes in warm water. Germany stuck to him and nursed him, and saw him through.

Then the milkers got bad udders, and Tom took his life in his hands whenever he milked them. He got them all right presently―and butter fell to fourpence a pound. He and the aforesaid cockie made arrangements to send their butter to a better market; and then the cows contracted a disease which was known in those parts as 'plooro permoanyer,' but generally referred to as 'th' ploorer.'

Again Tom sought advice, acting upon which he slit the cows' ears, cut their tails half off to bleed them, and poured pints of 'pain killer' into them through their nostrils; but they wouldn't make an effort, except, perhaps, to rise and poke the selector when he tried to tempt their appetites with slices of immature pumpkin. They died peacefully and persistently, until all were gone save a certain dangerous, barren, slab-sided luny bovine with white eyes and much agility in jumping fences, who was known locally as Queen Elizabeth.

Tom shot Queen Elizabeth, and turned his attention to agriculture again. Then his plough horses took bad with something the Teuton called 'der shtranguls.'


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 in the gravel and jaundice; you may distil it a second time, only by adding the same quantity of berries.

Take pimento, caraway and coriander seeds, and lemon peel, of each four ounces; proof spirits three gallons, and a sufficient quantity of water; distil it, and sweeten it with one pound and an half of sugar: this is a cheap and good cordial, and may be used in all cases where a stomachic cordial is necessary.

Take and bruise half a pound of nutmegs, an ounce of orange peel, spirits of wine rectified three gallons, and a sufficient quantity of water; distil and sweeten them with two pounds of loaf sugar. It is an excellent cephalic and stomachic cordial, it helps the memory and strengthens the eyesight.

Take four pounds of dried mint, (three pounds of any of the other herbs are sufficient) two gallons and an half of proof spirits, and three gallons of water; distil them, and sweeten the water with one pound and an half of sugar.

Take a peck of fine green walnuts, bruise them well in a large mortar, put them in a pan with a handful of balm bruised, put two quarts of good French brandy to them, cover them close, and let them lay three days; the next day distil them


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 He submitted them to a course of treatment in accordance with Jacob's advice―and they died.

Even then Tom didn't give in―there was grit in that man. He borrowed a broken-down dray horse in return for its keep, coupled it with, his own old riding hack, and started to finish ploughing. The team wasn't a success. Whenever the draught horse's knees gave way and he stumbled forward, he jerked the lighter horse back into the plough, and something would break. Then Tom would blaspheme till he was refreshed, mend up things with wire and bits of clothes-line, fill his pockets with stones to throw at the team, and start again. Finally he hired a dummy's child to drive the horses. The brat did his best: he tugged at the head of the team, prodded it behind, heaved rocks at it, cut a sapling, got up his enthusiasm, and wildly whacked the light horse whenever the other showed signs of moving―but he never succeeded in starting both horses at one and the same time. Moreover the youth was cheeky, and the selector's temper had been soured: he cursed the boy along with the horses, the plough, the selection, the squatter, and Australia. Yes, he cursed Australia. The boy cursed back, was chastised, and immediately went home and brought his father.

Then the dummy's dog tackled the selector's dog and this precipitated things. The dummy would have gone under had his wife not arrived on the scene with the eldest son and the rest of the family. They all fell foul of Tom. The woman was the worst. The selector's dog chawed the other and came to his master's rescue just in time―or Torn Hopkins would


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Rh them in a cold still: from this quantity draw three quarts, which you may do in a day.

Take a peck of walnuts in July and beat them small, put to them clove gillyflowers, poppy flowers, cowslip flowers dried, marigold flowers, sage flowers, and burrage flowers, of each two quarts; add to these, two ounces of mace well beat, two ounces of nutmegs bruised, and an ounce of cinnamon well beat; steep all these in a pot, with a gallon of brandy and two gallons of sack; let it stand twenty-four hours, and distil it off.

Take scurvy-grass, brook-lime, water-cresses, Roman wormwood, rue, mint, balm, sage, and cleavers, of each one handful; green merery, two handfuls; poppies, if fresh, half a peck, if dry, a quarter of a peck; cochineal, six-pennyworth; saffron, six-pennyworth; aniseeds, caraway seeds, coriander seeds, of each an ounce; liquorice, two ounces; scraped figs split and raisins of the sun stoned, of each a pound, juniper berries, bruised nutmeg, beaten mace, and sweet fennel seeds bruised, of each an ounce, a few flowers of rosemary, marigold and sage; put all these into a large stone jar, and put to them three gallons of French brandy, cover it close, and let it stand near the fire for three weeks; stir it three times a week; be sure to keep it close stopped, and then strain it off; bottle your liquor, and pour on your ingredients a gallon


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 never have lived to become the inmate of a lunatic asylum.

Next year there happened to be good grass on Tom's selection and nowhere else, and he thought it wouldn't be a bad idea to get a few poor sheep, and fatten them up for market: sheep were selling for about seven-and-six pence a dozen at that time. Tom got a hundred or two, but the squatter had a man stationed at one side of the selection with dogs to set on the sheep directly they put their noses through the fence (Tom's was not a sheep fence). The dogs chased the sheep across the selection and into the run again on the other side, where another man waited ready to pound them.

Tom's dog did his best; but he fell sick while chawing up the fourth capitalistic canine, and subsequently died. The dummies had rubbed that cur with poison before starting it across―that was the only way they could get at Tom's dog.

Tom thought that two might play at the game, and he tried; but his nephew, who happened to be up from the city on a visit, was arrested at the instigation of the squatter for alleged sheep-stealing, and sentenced to two years' hard; during which time the selector himself got six months for assaulting the squatter with intent to do him grievous bodily harm―which, indeed, he more than attempted, if a broken nose, a fractured jaw, and the loss of most of the squatter's teeth amounted to anything. The squatter by this time had made peace with the other local Justice, and had become his father-in-law.

When Tom came out there was little left for him to


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 live for; but he took a job of fencing, got a few pounds together, and prepared to settle on the land some more. He got 'a missus' and a few cows during the next year; the missus robbed him and ran away with the dummy, and the cows died in the drought, or were impounded by the squatter while on their way to water. Then Tom rented an orchard up the creek, and a hailstorm destroyed all the fruit. Germany happened to be represented at the time, Jacob having sought shelter at Tom's hut on his way home from town. Tom stood leaning against the door post with the hail beating on him through it all. His eyes were very bright and very dry, and every breath was a choking sob. Jacob let him stand there, and sat inside with a dreamy expression on his hard face, thinking of childhood and fatherland, perhaps. When it was over he led Tom to a stool and said, 'You waits there, Tom. I must go home for somedings. You sits there still and waits twenty minutes;' then he got on his horse and rode off muttering to himself: 'Dot man moost gry, dot man moost gry.' He was back inside of twenty minutes with a bottle of wine and a cornet under his overcoat. He poured the wine into two pint pots, made Tom drink, drank himself, and then took his cornet, stood up at the door, and played a German march into the rain after the retreating storm. The hail had passed over his vineyard and he was a ruined man too. Tom did 'gry' and was all right. He was a bit disheartened, but he did another job of fencing, and was just beginning to think about 'puttin' in a few vines an' fruit trees' when the Government surveyors―whom he'd forgotten all about―had a


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 and came and surveyed, and found that the real selection was located amongst some barren ridges across the creek. Tom reckoned it was lucky he didn't plant the orchard, and he set about shifting his home and fences to the new site. But the squatter interfered at this point, entered into possession of the farm and all on it, and took action against the selector for trespass―laying the damages at £2500.

Tom was admitted to the lunatic asylum at Parramatta next year, and the squatter was sent there the following summer, having been ruined by the drought, the rabbits, the banks, and a wool-ring. The two became very friendly, and had many a sociable argument about the feasibility―or otherwise―of blowing open the floodgates of Heaven in a dry season with dynamite.

Tom was discharged a few years since. He knocks about certain suburbs a good deal. He is seen in daylight seldom, and at night mostly in connection with a dray and a lantern. He says his one great regret is that he wasn't found to be of unsound mind before he went up-country.


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 gallon more of French brandy; let it stand a week, stirring it once a day; then distil it in a cold still; and this will make a fine white surfeit water.

Take a gallon of brandy, half a pound of white sugar-candy beat small, one pound and an half of raisins of the sun stoned, a quarter of a pound of dates shred, a quarter of a pound of whole mace, with an ounce of nutmeg sliced, half an ounce of aniseeds, caraway seeds, and coriander seeds, half an ounce of cardimum bruised, and as many poppies as will colour it well; mix these all together, add a large sprig of angelica, rue, wormwood, spearmint, balm, rosemary, marigolds, sage, clove gillyflowers, burrage, cowslips, and rosemary flowers, of each a handful; let them stand nine days close stopped, then strain it through a jelly-bag, and bottle it up.

Take wormwood, carduus, rue, and angelica, of each two handfuls; mint and balm, of each four handfuls; cut these a little, put them into a cold still, and add to them three quarts of milk, let your fire be quick till the still drops, and then slacken it: you may draw off two quarts; the first quart will keep all the year.

Take agrimony, endive, fumitory, balm, elder flowers, white nettles, water-cresses, bank-cresses, and sage, of each three handfuls; eyebright, brook-lime, and celendine, of each two fuls;


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Rh the roses of yellow dock, red madder, fennel, horse-radish, and liquorice, of each three ounces; raisins stoned, one pound; nutmegs sliced, winter bark, turmeric, and galingal, of each two drachms; caraway and fennel seeds three ounces; one gallon of milk; distill all with a gentle fire in one day: you may add one handful of May wormwood.

Take balm, mint, carduus, angelica, rue, rosemary, and wormwood, of each half a pound, and sweeten them; distill them with two gallons of milk just taken from the cow, in a limbeck, with an iron pot; put in with the herbs a quart of water, first heat it, then carefully pour in the milk all round on the herbs, by a pint at a time, till all be poured in; this must be done in an iron pot covered with the still head, and shut close; when it boils lower the fire a little.
 * Note.—Do not put quite the quantity of mint and wormwood, but as much of the balm and sweet meadow as will make up the quantity.

Take eighteen ounces of the best lemon peel bruised, nine ounces of orange peel bruised, nutmegs bruised one quarter of a pound, and three gallons of proof spirits; macerate and distil them, sweeten the water with pounds of double refined sugar, and keep it for use.

Another


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Take the outward yellow rind of twelve lemons, and half an ounce of cardamom seed a little bruised; let these steep three days in the best French brandy, close stopt; in the mean time take of double refined sugar one pound and an half, and boil it with a pint and an half of spring water; boil it gently to a syrup, scum it, and when it is cold mix it with brandy, adding the juice of three lemons; let it run through a fair bag once or twice, till it is fine and clear; then put it into bottles.
 * Note.—Care must betaken that the brandy is free from adulteration, and the lemons savour not the least of sweetness, or are any ways musty.

Take two pounds of cinnamon and bruise it, half a pound of citron and orange peel, a quarter of an ounce of coriander seeds, steeped two days in three gallons of Malaga sack; distil them in a worm still, and sweeten it with sugar dissolved in red rose water.

Take caraway seeds, coriander seeds, pimento, and lemon peel, of each four ounces; mix them with three gallons of proofs spirits, a gallon and a half of spring water; distil them, and sweeten the water with one pound and a half of sugar.

To


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Rh

Take a quart of burrage water, put it into an earthen jug, and fill it with two or three quarts of clary flowers fresh gathered; let it fuse an hour over the fire in a kettle of water; then take out the flowers, and put in as many fresh ones, and do so for six or seven times together; after which add to the water, two quarts of the best sack, a gallon of fresh flowers, and two pounds of white sugar-candy beat small; distil it off in a cold still, mix all the water together, and when it is distilled sweeten it to your taste with the finest sugar: this is a very wholesome water, and extremely pleasant tasted if corked well and kept close.

Take red sage, betony, spearmint, unset hyssop, setwel, thyme, balm, pennyroyal, celendine, water cresses, heart's ease, lavender, angelica, germander, calamita, tamarisk, coltsfoot, avens, valerian, saxifrage, pimpernel, vervain, parsley, rosemary, savory, scabius, agrimony, mother thyme, wild marjorum, Roman wormwood, carduus benedictus, pellitary of the wall-field daisies, with their flowers and leaves, of each of these herbs a handful; after they are picked and washed, add rue, yellow comfry-plantain, camomile, maiden hair, sweet marjorum, and dragons, of each a handful, before they are washed or picked; red rose leaves and cowslip flowers, half a peck each; rosemary flowers, a quarter of a peck; hartshorn two ounces, juniper berries one drachm, China roots one ounce; comfry roots slices, seeds,


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 fennel seeds, caraway seeds, nutmegs, ginger, cinnamon, pepper, spikenard, parsley seeds, cloves, mace, and aromaticum, rosarum, of each three drachms; sassafras sliced half an ounce, elecampane roots, melliot flowers, calamus aromaticus, cardamums, lignum aloes, rhubarb sliced, thin galingal, veronica lodericum cubeb grains, of each two drachms; the cordial bezoar thirty grains, musk twenty-four grains, ambergris twenty grains, flour of coral two drachms, flour of amber one drachm, flower of pearl two drachms, four leaves of gold, two drachm, flower of pear two drachms, four leaves of gold, two drachms of saffron in a little bag, and one pound of white sugar-candy; wash the herbs and hang them in a cloth till dry; cut and put them into an earthen pot, and in the midst of the herbs put the seeds, spices and drugs, all being well bruised; then put thereto such a quantity of sherry sack as will cover them, and let them steep twenty-four hours; then distil it in a limbeck, and make two distillings of it, and from each draw three pints of water; mix all together, and put it into quart bottles; then dive the cordials into three parts, and put into each bottle an equal quantity; shake it often at the first, and the longer it is kept the better it will be.

Take sage, rosemary betony, burrage, and bugloss flowers, of each half a handful; lilies of the valley and cowslip flowers, of each four or five handfuls; steep them in the best spirit of sack, and add some balm, spike flowers, mother wort, bay leaves, orange leaves, and their flowers; then put in citron peel, piony seeds, namon,


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72 knows this, saves the sacrifice, the sacrificer, and all the other priests). Therefore let a man make him who knows this his Brahman priest, not one who does not know it, who does not know it.

1. He who knows the oldest and the best becomes himself the oldest and the best. h indeed is the oldest and the best.

2. He who knows the richest, becomes himself the richest. h indeed is the richest.

3. He who knows the firm rest, becomes himself firm in this world and in the next. The e indeed is the firm rest.

4. He who knows success, his wishes succeed, both his divine and human wishes. The r indeed is success.

5. He who knows the home, becomes a home of his people. The d indeed is the home.

6. The five senses quarrelled together, who was the best, saying, I am better, I am better.


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Rh nutmegs, cardamums, cubebs, mace, and yellow sanders, each half an ounce; lignum aloes one drachm; make all these into a powder, and add half a pound of jubabes with the stones taken out; then add pearl prepared, Smaragde's musk, and saffron, of each ten grains; ambergris one scruple; red roses dried one ounce, and as many lavender flowers stripped from their stalks, as will fill a gallon glass; steep all these a month, and distill them very carefully in a limbeck; after it is distilled, hang it in a bag with the following ingredients; pearl, Smaragde's musk, and saffron, of each ten grains; ambergris one scruple, red roses dried, red, and yellow sanders, of each one ounce; hang them in a white sarsnet bag in the water, close stopped.

Take the spirits of five gallons of the best old sherry sack distilled in a limbeck, add to it cowslip flowers, the flowers of burrage, bugloss, lilies of the valley, rosemary, sage, and betony, of each a handful; they must all be procured in their season, and put into some of the spirits aforesaid, in an open mouthed quart glass; let them remain in the spirits till you are ready to distill the waters, and carefully stopped up; take lavender flowers in their season, strip them from their stalks, and fill a gallon glass with them; pour to them the remainder of your spirits, and cork them close as before; let them stand in the sun six weeks, and put them with the rest of the flowers into the two glasses; then add balm, motherwort, spike flowers, bay and orange leaves, of


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Rh 7. They went to their father Pragâpati and said: 'Sir, who is the best of us?' He replied: 'He by whose departure the body seems worse than worst, he is the best of you.'

8. The tongue (speech) departed, and having been absent for a year, it came round and said: 'How have you been able to live without me?' They replied: 'Like mute people, not speaking, but breathing with the breath, seeing with the eye, hearing with the ear, thinking with the mind. Thus we lived.' Then speech went back.

9. The eye (sight) departed, and having been absent for a year, it came round and said: 'How have you been able to live without me?' They replied: 'Like blind people, not seeing, but breathing with the breath, speaking with the tongue, hearing with the ear, thinking with the mind. Thus we lived.' Then the eye went back.

10. The ear (hearing) departed, and having been absent for a year, it came round and said: 'How have you been able to live without me?' They replied: 'Like deaf people, not hearing, but breathing with the breath, speaking with the tongue, thinking with the mind. Thus we lived.' Then the ear went back.

11. The mind departed, and having been absent for a year, it came round and said: 'How have you been able to live without me?' They replied: 'Like children whose mind is not yet formed, but breathing with the breath, speaking with the tongue, seeing with the eye, hearing with the ear. Thus we lived.' Then the mind went back.

12. The breath, when on the point of departing, tore up the other senses, as a horse, going to start,


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 a handful; the roots of gentian, dock, butter-bur, and piony, bay and juniper berries, of each a pound; nutmegs and cloves, an ounce each, and half an ounce of mace: pick the herbs and flowers, and shred them a little; cut the roots, bruise the berries, and pound the spice fine; take a peck of green walnuts, and chops them small; mix all these together, and lay them to steep in sack lees, or any white wine lees, or in good spirits, but wine lees are best; let them lie a week or ten days; stir them once a day with a stick, and keep them close covered; then distil them in a limbeck with a slow fire, and take care the still does not burn; the first, second, and third runnings are good, and some of the fourth; let them stand till they are cold, then put them together.

Take six pounds of black cherries, and bruise them small; then put to them the tops of rosemary, sweet marjorum, spearmint, angelica, balm, and marigold flowers, of each a handful; dried violets one ounce; aniseeds and sweet fennel seeds, of each half an ounce, bruised; cut the herbs small, mix all together, and distill them off in a cold still.

Take two quarts of strong claret, and four pounds of black cherries full ripe, beat them and put them to the wine, with angelica, balm, and carduus, of each a handful, half as much mint and as many rosemary flowers as you can hold in both your hands; three handfuls of clove flowers,


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Rh two ounces of cinnamon cut small, and one ounce of nutmegs; put all these into a deep pot, let them be well stirred together, then cover it so close that no air can get in, let it stand one day and a night, then put it into the still, which must also be stopped close, and draw off as much as runs good, sweeten it with sugar-candy to your taste.

Take a stone pot that has a broad bottom and a narrow top, and lay a row of black cherries and a row of fine powdered sugar, do this till your pot is full; measure your pot, and for every gallon it holds, put a quarter of a pint of spirit of wine; pick the cherries clean from soil and stalks, but do not wash them; when you have thus filled your pot, stop it with a cork, and tie first a bladder, then a leather over it; and if it is not close enough, pith it, and bury it in the earth six months, or longer; then strain it out, and keep it close stopped up for use.

Take balm, rosemary, sage, carduus, wormwood, dragons, scordium, mugwort, scabius, tormentil roots and leaves, angelica roots and leaves, betony flowers and leaves, centaury tops, pimpernel, wood or other sorrel, rue, agrimony, and rosa solis, of each half a pound; liquorice four ounces, and elecampane roots two ounces; wash the herbs, slice the roots, put all in three gallons of the best white wine, and let them stand close covered


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74 might tear up the pegs to which he is tethered. They came to him and said: 'Sir, be thou (our lord); thou art the best among us. Do not depart from us!'

13. Then the tongue said to him: 'If I am the richest, thou art the richest.' The eye said to him: 'If I am the firm rest, thou art the firm rest .'

14. The ear said to him: 'If I am success, thou art success.' The mind said to him: 'If I am the home, thou art the home.'

15. And people do not call them, the tongues, the eyes, the ears, the minds, but the breaths (prâna, the senses). For breath are all these.

1. Breath said: 'What shall be my food?' They answered: 'Whatever there is, even unto dogs and birds.' Therefore this is food for Ana (the breather). His name is clearly Ana. To him who knows this there is nothing that is not (proper) food.

2. He said: 'What shall be my dress?' They answered: "Water.' Therefore wise people, when they are going to eat food, surround their food before and after with water . He (prâna) thus gains a dress, and is no longer naked.


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Take of parsley roots four ounces; fresh horseradish root and juniper berries, of each three ounces; the tops of St. John's wort, biting arsmart, and elder flowers, of each two ounces; the seeds of wild carrots, sweet fennel, and parsley, of each one ounce and an half; mix these ingredients together, bruise them, and add thereto two gallons of French brandy, and two gallons of soft water; let them steep in the still three or four days, and draw it off: this is an excellent remedy for the gravel.

Take the leaves of two sorts of scurvy grass, fresh gathered in the spring, of each six ounces; add four ounces of brooklime and water cresses, horse-radish two pounds, fresh arum root six ounces, winter bark and nutmeg, of each four ounces, dried lemon peel two ounces, and of French brandy two quarts, and draw all off by distillation: this water is good in dropsical and scorbutic cases.

Take eighteen piony roots, fresh gathered; six ounces of bitter almonds; the leaves of rosemary, rue, wild thyme, and flowers of lavender dried, of each three ounces; cinnamon, cubebs, angelica seed, coriander seed, caraway seed, and aniseed, of each half an ounce; one gallon of rectified spirits of wine, with five gallons of soft water, and draw off three gallons by distillation: this is good in all nervous disorders.

To


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Rh

Take citrons, sorrel, goats' rue, and scordium of each one pound and London treacle two ounces; distil them in a limbeck, with two quarts of spirits of wine, and a sufficient quantity of water; of this you may draw off one gallon.

Take twelve ounces of aniseeds, three gallons of proof spirits, one gallon and an half of spring water; infuse them all night in a still, and with a gentle heat draw off what runs smooth and clear; sweeten it with two pounds of brown sugar, and if you would have it very fine, distil it again, and add some more aniseeds.

Take three gallons of proof spirits, and half a gallon of water; add to them half a pound of caraway seeds bruised, distill and sweeten the juice with a pound and an half of brown sugar.

Put six quarts of brandy and one quart of sack to the outer rinds of fifty oranges or lemons, and let them steep in it one night; the next day distil them in a cold still; draw it off till you find it begins to taste sour; sweeten it to your taste with double refined sugar, and mix the first, second and third runnings together: if it be lemon peel, it should be performed with two grains of ambergris, and one of musk; grind them fine, tie them in a rag, and let it hang five or six days in each bottle; or you may put to them three or four


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 four drops of the tincture of ambergris: be sure to cork it well.

Take any quantity of sack, and to every two quarts add twelve oranges, chop and steep them twelve hours; distil them in a glass still, sweeten it with double refined sugar dissolved in red rose water; put a handful of angelica into the still with the oranges.

Take betony, roots of lovage, and seeds of wild parsnips of each two ounces; roots of single piony four ounces, of misletoe of the oak three ounces, myrrh a quarter of an ounce, and caster half an ounce; beat all these together, and add to them a quarter of a pound of dried mill-pede; pour on these three quarts of mugwort water, and two quarts of brandy; let them stand in a close vessel eight days; then distil it in a cold still passed up: you may draw off nine pints of water, and sweeten it to your taste; mix all together and bottle it up.

Take the juice of green walnuts, four pounds of rue; carduus, marigold, and balm, of each three pounds; roots of butter-bur half a pound; roots of burdock one pound; angelica and mastic-wort, of each half a pound; leaves of scordium six handfuls; Venice treacle and mithridates, of each half a pound; old Canary wine two pounds, white wine vinegar six pounds, juice


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Rh juice of lemon six pounds; and distil this in an alembic.

Wet your roses in fair water; four gallons of roses will take near two gallons of water; distil them in a cold still; then take the same distilled water, put into it as many fresh roses as it will wet, and distil them again.

Take two gallons of very good brandy and a peck of poppies, put them together in a wide mouthed glass, and let them stand forty-eight hours; then strain the poppies out; take a pound of raisins of the sun and stone them; coriander seeds, fennel seeds, and liquorice sliced, of each an ounce; bruise them all together, put them into the brandy, with a pound of good powder sugar, and let them stand four or eight weeks, shaking it every day; then strain it off, and bottle it close up for use.

Gather your peppermint when it is full grown, and before it seeds; cut it in short lengths, fill your still with it, and cover it with water; then make a good fire under it, and when it is near boiling, and the still begins to drop, if your fire is too hot draw a little from under it, to keep it from boiling over, or your water will be muddy; the slower your still drops, the clearer and stronger your water will be, but do not spend it too


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 too far; bottle it the next day, let it stand three or four days to take off the fiery taste of the still; then cork it well, and it will keep a long time.

Take a pound of sweet almonds well peeled, the flowers of lemons and oranges as much as you please, which must be divided into three equal parts; after this you must put a third part of the flowers upon a white linen cloth in a sieve strewing upon the flowers half of the almonds, which you must strew with another third part of the flowers; and then the rest of your almonds, which you must cover with the remainder of your flowers, so that the almonds must always be in the middle of the flowers in the sieve; leave them together for six days, renewing and changing them every day; then beat the almonds in a mortar, and press them in a white linen cloth till they issue out clear oil; then stop it up close in a vessel, and let it stand in the sun eight days.

Take sweet almonds well peeled and beat, with as much jessamine as you please; lay them row upon row, and let them lie in a moist place for ten days or more; then take them away and squeeze


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Rh squeeze out the oil in a press. Oil of violets and other flowers may be made in the same manner.

Take of the best nutmegs to the quantity of oil you wish to make, cut them in small pieces, and put to them as much malmsey as will cover them; put them in a glass for two or three days, beat them at the fire, and sprinkle them with rose water; squeeze them in a press, and you will have an excellent oil; it must be kept in a vessel close stopped.

Take six ounces of benjamin well beat into powder, and dissolved a whole day in a pound of oil of tartar and a pound of rose water; then distil it with a fine pipe through a limbeck, and keep it as an excellent thing.

Take what quantity of storax liquid you please, put it into rose water two or three days, and distil it as the benjamin; first there issues out oil somewhat foul, and then an excellent oil.

Take eggs hard roasted, cut them in the middle, take away the yolks and fill them up with myrrh beaten into powder; put them in some moist place where the myrrh may dissolve gradually. This oil makes the face and other parts of the body soft, and takes away all scars.

To


text: While the Billy Boils/Enter Mitchell

title: While the Billy Boils/Enter Mitchell


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Rh 3. Satyakâma Gâbâla, after he had communicated this to Gosruti Vaiyâghrapadya, said to him: 'If you were to tell this to a dry stick, branches would grow, and leaves spring from it.'

4. If a man wishes to reach greatness, let him perform the Dîkshâ (preparatory rite) on the day of the new moon, and then, on the night of the full moon, let him stir a mash of all kinds of herbs with curds and honey, and let him pour ghee on the fire (âvasathya laukika), saying, 'Svâhâ to the oldest and the best.' After that let him throw all that remains (of the ghee) into the mash.

5. In the same manner let him pour ghee on the fire, saying, 'Svâhâ to the richest.' After that let him throw all that remains together into the mash.

In the same manner let him pour ghee on the fire, saying, 'Svâhâ to the firm rest.' After that let him throw all that remains together into the mash. In the same manner let him pour ghee on the fire, saying, 'Svâhâ to success.' After that let him throw all that remains together into the mash.

6. Then going forward and placing the mash


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 follows that line by the summits of Velina Mogila, the 'col' 531, Zmailica Vrh, Sumnatica, and rejoins the administrative boundary of the Sandjak of Sofia between Sivri Tas and Cadir Tepe. From Cadir Tepe, the frontier, taking a south-westerly direction, follows the watershed between the basins of the Mesta Karasu on the one side and the Struma Karasu on the other, runs along the crests of the mountains of Rhodope called Demir Kapu, Iskoftepe, Kadimesar Balkan, and Aiji Gedük up to Kapetnik Balkan, and thus joins the former administrative frontier of the Sandjak of Sofia.

From Kapetnik Balkan the frontier is indicated by the watershed between the valleys of the Rilska reka and of the Bistrica reka, and follows the ridge called Vodenica Planina, descending into the valley of the Struma at the junction of this river with the Rilska reka, leaving the village of Barakli to Turkey. It ascends then south of the village of Jelesnica, and reaches by the shortest line the chain of Golema Planina at the summit of Gitka, and rejoins there the former administrative frontier of the Sandjak of Sofia, leaving, however, to Turkey the whole of the basin of the Suha reka. From Mount Gitka the western frontier goes towards Mount Crni Vrh by the mountains of Karvena Jabuka, following the former administrative limit of the Sandjak of Sofia in the upper part of the basins of Egrisu and of the Lepnica, ascends with it the crests of Babina Polana, and reaches Mount Crni Vrh. From Mount Crni Vrh the frontier follows the watershed between the Struma and the Morava by the summits of the Streser, Vilogolo, and Mesid Planina, rejoins by the Gacina, Crna Trava, Darkovska, and Drainica Plan, then the Descani Kladanec, the watershed of the High Sukowa and of the Morava, goes straight to the Stol, and descends from it so as to cut the road from Sofia to Pirot, 1,000 metres north-west of the village of Segusa. It ascends in a straight line the Vidlic Planina and thence Mount Radocina in the chain of the Kodza Balkan, leaving to Servia the village of Doikinci, and to Bulgaria that of Senakos.

From the summit of Mount Radocina the frontier follows


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Put bay salt in an iron pot, and set it over a charcoal fire till it is dissolved and done running; take it off, lay the salt on a marble, and it will run oil. Take four or five drops of this, rub it over your hands, and it will take all freckles and roughness off the skin. "Note.—In using any of these oils to perfume water, it must be dropt on sugar and then they will mix.

Take eight large eggs, new laid, boil them hard, and take the yolks out; be careful not to put any of the whites in, break them small, and let them stand to be cold; then have a quick fire ready, and put them in an iron ladle, with a bit of hog's lard, the bigness of a walnut; stir it with a stick cut flat at the end and when it begins to melt, keep stirring as fast you possible can; the moment before it turns to oil it will dry; you must have a cup ready to pour it in as fast as you see a drop of oil come: with that quantity of eggs you will have a tea cup full of oil, if you stir quick, if not, you will not see a drop. ENGLISH


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Western train had just arrived at Redfern railway-station with a lot of ordinary passengers and one swagman.

He was short, and stout, and bow-legged, and freckled, and sandy. He had red hair and small, twinkling, grey eyes, and―what often goes with such things the expression of a born comedian. He was dressed in a ragged, well-washed print shirt, an old black waistcoat with a calico back, a pair of cloudy moleskins patched at the knees and held up by a plaited greenhide belt buckled loosely round his hips, a pair of well-worn, fuzzy blucher boots, and a soft felt hat, green with age, and with no brim worth mentioning, and no crown to speak of. He swung a swag on to the platform, shouldered it, pulled out a billy and water-bag, and then went to a dog-box in the break van.

Five minutes later he appeared on the edge of the cab-platform, with an anxious-looking cattle-dog crouching against his legs, and one end of the chain in his hand. He eased down the swag against a post, turned his face to the city, tilted his hat forward, and scratched the well-developed back of his head with 15


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Rh

When the vines are well grown, so as to bring full clusters, be careful to disencumber them of some part of their leaves that too much shade the grapes, but not so much in a hot season, as that the sun may too swiftly draw away their moisture, and wither them: stay not till they are all ripe at once, for then some will be over-ripe, or burst, or incline to rot before the underlings are come to perfection; but every two or three days pick off the choice and ripest grapes, and spread them in dry shady places sideways, that they contract not a heat and must; by which means, those that remain on the clusters, having more juice to nourish them, will grow bigger, or be sooner ripe; and when you have got a sufficient quantity, put them into an open vessel, and bruise them well with your hands; or if the quantity be too large, gently press them with a flat wooden beater, that is, a thick board fastened at the end of a staff; for treading them with the feet, as practiced in France, and other countries, is a very slovenly way. Take care you break the stones as little as possible, for that will make the wine have a bitterish twang.

Having bruised the grapes well, so that they are become pulp, or mash, provide a tap at the bottom of your cask, tie a hair-cloth over your fosset, and let out that which will run voluntarily of itself, as the best wine; then take out the pulp, and


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 a little finger. He seemed undecided what track to take.

'Cab, sir!'

The swagman turned slowly and regarded cabby with a quiet grin.

'Now, do I look as if I want a cab?'

'Well, why not? No harm, anyway―I thought you might want a cab.'

Swaggy scratched his head, reflectively.

'Well,' he said, 'you're the first man that has thought so these ten years. What do I want with a cab?'

'To go where you're going, of course.'

'Do I look knocked up?'

'I didn't say you did.'

'And I didn't say you said I did.…Now I've been on the track this five years. I've tramped two thousan' miles since last Chris'mas, and I don't see why I can't tramp the last mile. Do you think my old dog wants a cab?'

The dog shivered and whimpered; he seemed to want to get away from the crowd.

'But then, you see, you ain't going to carry that swag through the streets, are you?' asked the cabman.

'Why not? Who'll stop me? There ain't no law agin it, I b'lieve?'

'But then, you see, it don't look well, you know.'

'Ah! I thought we'd get to it at last.'

The traveller up-ended his bluey against his knee, gave it an affectionate pat, and then straightened himself up and looked fixedly at the cabman.


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 towards the west the crest of the Balkans by Ciprovec Balkan and Stara Planina up to the former eastern frontier of the Principality of Servia, near to the Kula Smiljova Cuka, and thence that former frontier as far as the Danube, which it rejoins at Rakovitza. This delimitation shall he fixed on the spot by the European Commission, on which the Signatory Powers shall be represented. It is understood-- 1. That this Commission will take into consideration the necessity for His Imperial Majesty the Sultan to be able to defend the Balkan frontiers of Eastern Roumelia.

2. That no fortifications may be erected within a radius of 10 kilom. from Samakow. III. The Prince of Bulgaria shall be freely elected by the population and confirmed by the Sublime Porte, with the assent of the Powers. No member of the Reigning Dynasties of the Great European Powers may be elected Prince of Bulgaria.

In case of a vacancy in the princely dignity, the election of the new Prince shall take place under the same conditions and with the same forms.

IV. An Assembly of Notables of Bulgaria, convoked at Tirnovo , shall, before the election of the Prince, draw up the Organic Law of the Principality.


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 'Now, look here!' he said, sternly and impressively, 'can you see anything wrong with that old swag o' mine?'

It was a stout, dumpy swag, with a red blanket outside, patched with blue, and the edge of a blue blanket showing in the inner rings at the end. The swag might have been newer; it might have been cleaner; it might have been hooped with decent straps, instead of bits of clothes-line and greenhide―but otherwise there was nothing the matter with it, as swags go.

'I've humped that old swag for years,' continued the bushman; 'I've carried that old swag thousands of miles―as that old dog knows―an' no one ever bothered about the look of it, or of me, or of my old dog, neither; and do you think I'm going to be ashamed of that old swag, for a cabby or anyone else? Do you think I'm going to study anybody's feelings? No one ever studied mine! I'm in two minds to summon you for using insulting language towards me!'

He lifted the swag by the twisted towel which served for a shoulder-strap, swung it into the cab, got in himself and hauled the dog after him.

'You can drive me somewhere where I can leave my swag and dog while I get some decent clothes to see a tailor in,' he said to the cabman. 'My old dog ain't used to cabs, you see.'

Then he added, reflectively: 'I drove a cab myself, once, for five years in Sydney.'


text: While the Billy Boils/Stiffner and Jim (Thirdly, Bill)


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 and gently press it by degrees in a cyder-press, till the liquor is sufficiently drained out; provide a new cask, well seasoned, and aired with a lighted rag dipped in brimstone, till it becomes dry, pour the liquor in through a sieve funnel to stop the dregs, and let it stand with only a pebble stone lightly laid on the bung-hole to ferment, and refine itself, ten or twelve days; then draw it gently off into another cask, well seasoned, that the lees or dregs may remain in the first cask, and stop it no other way then before till it has quite passed over its ferment, which you may know by it coolness and pleasant taste, and thus of ordinary white grapes you may make a good sort of white wine; of the red grapes claret; and if it should want colour, heighten it with a little brazil, boiled in about a quart of it, and strained very clear. The white grapes not too ripe give a good rhenish taste,and are wonderfully cooling.

There is a sort of muscadel grapes, growing in many parts of England, which may be brought, by he help of a little loaf sugar to feed on, to produce a curious sweet wine, little differing from Canary, and altogether as wholesome and pleasant.

If the wine requires racking, the best time to do it is when the wind is in the north, and the weather temperate and clear; in the increase of the moon, and when she is underneath the earth, and not in her full height.

If the wine ropes, take a coarse linen cloth, and when you have set the cask a broach, set it before the bore, then put in the linen, and rack


text: While the Billy Boils/When the Sun Went Down


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Drew sat on the edge of the shaft, with his foot in the loop and one hand on the rope, ready to descend. His elder brother, Tom, stood at one end of the windlass and the third mate at the other. Jack paused before swinging off, looked up at his brother, and impulsively held out his hand:

'You ain't going to let the sun go down, are you, Tom?'

But Tom kept both hands on the windlass-handle and said nothing.

'Lower away!'

They lowered him to the bottom, and Tom shouldered his pick in silence and walked off to the tent. He found the tin-plate, pint-pot, and things set ready for him on the rough slab table under the bush shed. The tea was made, the cabbage and potatoes strained and placed in a billy near the fire. He found the fried bacon and steak between two plates in the camp-oven. He sat down to the table but he could not eat. He felt mean. The inexperience and hasty temper of his brother had caused the quarrel between them that morning; but then Jack admitted that, and apologised when he first tried to make it up.

28


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Rh rack it in a dry cask; put in five or six ounces of alum in powder, and shake them so that they may mix well. On settling, it will be fined down, and become very clear and pleasant wine.

Take gooseberries just beginning to turn ripe, not those that are quite ripe; bruise them as well as you did the grapes, but not so as to break their stones, then pour to every eight pounds of pulp a gallon of clear spring water, or rather their own distilled water, made in a cold still, and let them stand in the vessel covered, in a cool place, twenty-four hours; then put them into a strong canvas or hair bag, and press out all the juice that will run from them, and to every quart of it put twelve ounces of loaf or other fine sugar, stirring it till it be thoroughly melted; then put it into a well seasoned cask, and set it in a cool place; when it has purged and settled about twenty or thirty days, fill the vessel full, and bung it down close, that as little air as possible may come at it. When it is well wrought and settled, then is your time to draw it off into smaller casks or bottles, keeping them in cool places, for there is nothing damages any sort of wines more than heat.

When the weather is dry, gather your gooseberries about the time they are half ripe; pick them clean, and put the quantity of a peck in a convenient vessel, and bruise them with a piece of wood, taking as much care as possible to keep the


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 Tom moved round uneasily and tried to smoke: he could not get Jack's last appeal out of his ears―'You ain't going to let the sun go down, Tom?'

Tom found himself glancing at the sun. It was less than two hours from sunset. He thought of the words of the old Hebrew―or Chinese―poet; he wasn't religious, and the authorship didn't matter. The old poet's words began to haunt him: 'Let not the sun go down upon your wrath―Let not the sun go down upon your wrath.'

The line contains good, sound advice; for quick-tempered men are often the most sensitive, and when they let the sun go down on the aforesaid wrath that quality is likely to get them down and worry them during the night.

Tom started to go to the claim, but checked himself, and sat down and tried to draw comfort from his pipe. He understood his brother thoroughly, but his brother never understood him―that was where the trouble was. Presently he got thinking how Jack would worry about the quarrel and have no heart for his work. Perhaps he was fretting over it now, all alone by himself, down at the end of the damp, dark drive. Tom had a lot of the old woman about him, in spite of his unsociable ways and brooding temper.

He had almost made up his mind to go below again, on some excuse, when his mate shouted from the top of the shaft:

'Tom! Tom! For Christ's sake come here!'

'Tom's heart gave a great thump, and he ran like a kangaroo to the shaft. All the diggers within hearing were soon on the spot. They saw at a glance what


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 had happened. It was madness to sink without timber in such treacherous ground. The sides of the shaft were closing in. Tom sprang forward and shouted through the crevice:

'To the face, Jack! To the face, for your life!'

'The old workings!' he cried, turning to the diggers. 'Bring a fan and tools. We'll dig him out.'

A few minutes later a fan was rigged over a deserted shaft close by, where fortunately the windlass had been left for bailing purposes, and men were down in the old drive. Tom knew that he and his mates had driven very close to the old workings.

He knelt in the damp clay before the face and Worked like a madman; he refused to take turn about, and only dropped the pick to seize a shovel in his strong hands, and snatch back the loose clay from under his feet; he reckoned that he had six or, perhaps, eight feet to drive, and he knew that the air could not last long in the new drive―even if that had not already fallen in and crushed his brother. Great drops of perspiration stood out on Tom's forehead, and his breath began to come in choking sobs, but he still struck strong, savage blows into the clay before him, and the drive lengthened quickly. Once he paused a moment to listen, and then distinctly heard a sound as of a tool or stone being struck against the end of the new drive. Jack was safe!

Tom dug on until the clay suddenly fell away from his pick and left a hole, about the size of a plate, in the 'face' before him. 'Thank God!' said a hoarse, strained voice at the other side.


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 the seeds whole; when you have done this, put the pulp into a canvas of hair bag, and press out all the juice; add to every gallon of gooseberries and about three pounds of fine loaf sugar; mix it all together by stirring it with a stick, and as soon as the sugar is quite dissolved, pour it into a convenient cask, that will hold it exactly; and according to the quantity let it stand, viz if about eight or nine gallons, it will take a fortnight; if twenty gallons, forty days, and so in proportion; taking care the place you set it in be cool: after standing the proper time, draw it off from the lees, and put it into another sweet, vessel of equal size, or into the same, after pouring the lees out, making it clean; let a cask of ten or twelve gallons stand about three months, and twenty gallons five months; after which will be fit for bottling off.

It is a cooling drink taken with great success in all hot disease, as fevers, small-pox, and the hot fit of the ague; it stops laxation, is good in the bloody-flux, cools the heat of the liver and stomach, stops bleeding, and mitigates inflammations; it wonderfully, abates flushings and redness of the face, after hard drinking or the like; provokes urine, and is good against the stone; but those that are of a very phlegmatic constitution should not make use of it.

Take four gallons of cooling spring or conduit water, let it gently simmer over a moderate fire, scum it well, and stir into it eight pounds of the best virgin-honey; when that is thoroughly solved,