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216 For the past half hour the boy's thoughts had been similar to those of his down-east friend. Everything about the warship pleased him, and to behold the glorious stars and stripes floating over such a well-trained body of American tars filled his heart with patriotism. Then, too, he remembered what his brothers had written, that if war came, one intended to enter the navy and the other the army. Here was his chance to jump into active duty for his beloved country. Should he let such a chance slip by?

"I, too, will remain on board, if you will have me," he said, his clear eyes gazing fully into those which were turned upon him as if to read his very thoughts. " I have two brothers in the States who said they would go into service if there was a call to arms. I have never been on a man-o'-war before, but I am willing to learn my duty, and I'll fight for all I am worth, if I'm called on to do it."

"Good! That's the kind of talk I like to hear, Russell. The man who is willing to do his whole duty—to do exactly as he is told to do—is the man we are after. To be sure, you are rather young for regular service, but, considering the manner in which you came on board, we'll not let that count

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Rh against you. I suppose you would like to remain with Striker."

"Yes, sir—everybody else on board being a stranger."

"We'll try to fix it up. And that being settled, we'll not be on the lookout for any ship to take you to Hong Kong for the present." The commodore raised his voice and called the guard at the companionway "Ask Captain Gridley to step in," he continued.

The word was passed, and soon the captain of the Olympia appeared, and the situation was explained to him. Being short of a few men, as Commodore Dewey had said, he gladly accepted Larry and Striker, and added their names to the muster-roll, to serve until discharged or until the end of the trip. This finished, the pair were turned over to the officer of the deck, who in his turn passed them to the chief of the gunners.

"Well, you're a full-fledged son o' Uncle Sam now, Larry," remarked Striker, after the pair had been assigned to their positions at one of the side guns, and been put through a strict drill lasting over an hour. "How do you feel?"

"I feel a good deal like the cat that strayed in a strange garret," laughed the boy, just a bit

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218, for the sight of such big guns, and so much powder and shell awed him. "Not much woodwork around here."

"Woodwork wouldn't do, if it came to a real battle," answered the Yankee, "for a good shot would fill every man around with splinters. When we clear the ship for action, you'll see 'most everything that's made of wood and movable heaved overboard. Even the men's ditty boxes will have to go, and then they'll be no richer than we are," he added; the ditty boxes being, let me add, the chests in which the tars keep their odds-and-ends of belongings.

Larry was tired, but scarcely hungry again when the call sounded for supper. Yet he and Striker joined the gunners' mess, to which they received a warm welcome, for Uncle Sam's Jack Tars are at all times a "hail-and-well-met" sort of men.

Even "mess gear," as it is termed, was a good deal of a revelation to Larry, so different was it from the eating hour on a merchantman. He learned that all the meals from that of the commodore down were cooked in the one big galley, presided over by a dozen or more cooks, but that separate messes were numerous, the commodore and the captain being entitled by rule to dine alone, and the senior

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Rh and junior officers also dining separately, in the ward-room. Of the others on the warship, the boatswain, gunners, carpenters, and sail-makers had an apartment to themselves, and so had the marines and the firemen and engineers.

The queerest part of the proceedings, to the boy, was the fact that the jackies furnished most of their own eatables and chose their own cook, sometimes one of their own number. Uncle Sam allowed them the sum of thirty cents per day for food, and this amount had been put to the best possible use through money advanced before leaving port. In the American navy even an admiral pays for his own meals, although, to be sure, his salary is such that he can well afford to do so.

Larry found his mess-room on the Olympia a long, narrow place, ventilated as freely as the construction of the warship allowed. The table had been swung to the ceiling, but was now let down, and a "striker," that is, a cook's helper, attached the benches. The boy was furnished with a porcelain plate and cup, and an iron fork, knife, and spoon. For supper that evening the bill of fare was coffee, bread and butter, stewed fruit, and a bit of fresh meat.

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220 "It's a mistake to think the jackies don't live well," observed Striker, when they were finishing up and some of the men had already drawn their pipes, for the hour after the last meal of the day was "smoking lamp" time. "The lads know how to make their allowance go as far as anybody, and they make the cooks do the best possible with all victuals as comes aboard. To be sure, on a long trip we'll git salt hoss and pilot crackers putty often, but that can't be helped on any ship, as ye know."

The "smoking lamp" just mentioned is a peculiarity of the navy. On account of the explosives aboard it is strictly prohibited to carry matches. So to light their pipes during the time they are allowed to smoke the men have a covered lamp lit for them, the cover having a small hole in it through which pipes can be lit.

Usually, the time after supper belongs to the men, to do with as they please. Some read, if they are fortunate enough to have any literature with them, others play banjos and accordions, some dance jigs, and not a few gather in groups to talk and spin yarns. At half-past seven "hammocks" is sounded, and then the men can retire if they desire. If they wish to remain up, they can do so for two hours longer,

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 THE PARTY SYSTEM


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Rh when "pipe down" echoes through the warship, all the lights excepting those which must be kept lit are turned off, and the official day comes to an end.

But this night was Thursday, and the Olympia was the flagship of the fleet, carrying the marine band of about twenty pieces. Thursday had always been concert night, and now, to put his men in good spirits. Commodore Dewey ordered the bandmaster to give them nothing but patriotic airs, and this Bandmaster Valifuoco did, starting with those songs which were particularly popular during the Civil War, and ending up with Yankee Doodle and the Star-Spangled Banner. As the latter song rolled out upon the balmy evening air, the men could not resist the temptation to join in with their lusty and deep voices, and the sound wafted across the sea to the other ships, until the sailors everywhere were singing as never before.

"That's the song of all songs," cried Larry, when it was all over. "I never heard anything so grand before. Why, that ought to make a brave man of the worst coward on board! Hurrah for Old Glory!"

Utterly worn out with all that had occurred, Larry and Striker sought the hammocks assigned to them immediately after the concert was over and slept "like logs," to use the lad's way of expressing it.

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222 So tired was the boy that he did not even dream, nor hear the many noises around him, such as the pounding of the water against the warship's prow as she kept steadily on her course, or the rattle of the heavy chains as the Olympia rose and fell on the long swells.

On deck there was a busy time among the petty officers, for a signal-light and a search-light drill were in progress. The great search-light flashed hither and thither over the dark green waters and over the other ships of the squadron. A sharp lookout was kept for the possible appearance of the enemy, the men in the tops having their night glasses continually in use. But the Spanish fleet did not show itself, and for the time being all went well.

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 THE SCIENCE OF SOCIOLOGY


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, toot! Toot, toot! Toot, toot-a-root toot!

It was the loud blare of a bugle which aroused Larry at exactly five o'clock on the following morning. For the moment on awakening he opened his eyes and stared around him. Where was he? Surely not on the deserted island, nor even in the dingy forecastle of the Columbia.

"Lively, lad!" shouted Striker, leaping from his hammock. "Lively, I say, or you'll hear from the master-at-arms! You've got jest six minutes in which to dress yourself, roll up your hammock, and stow it away in the netting."

"All right, Luke, I'm with you!" answered the youth, now wide awake. With a turn he was out on the floor. "Dressing won't take me long, with nothing but a shirt and a pair of trousers to take care of. My, but I feel quite like myself again, don't you?"

"Aye, aye, Larry; the sleep did us both a power

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Page:Scientific American - Series 1 - Volume 002 - Issue 52.pdf/1

 THE ADVOCATE OF INDUSTRY, AND JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC, MECHANICAL AND OTHER IMPROVEMENTS.

VOL. 2. NEW YORK, SEPTEMBR 18. 1847. NO. 52.

SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN: TERMS .-$2 At 128 Fulton 13 The Principal Office being at 1Ie .... York. PUBLISHED WEEKLY.

"By

Street, New York (Snn Building,) C o u rt Street, Boslon, Mass. TH.E

WA'llI'S' A'rMOSPHERIC ENGINE. s

Munn a

the re:malnder In 6 :months.

&:1-See Advertisement

There's much in the TllY

There's Gluch we shall ne'er understand And let the world do as it will.

Why

The

poor wretch who walks upo n erutches, May oi ten be envied far more Than he who in s pl e ndi d apparel This duty re mains to ful fil ; But try to be honest and happy, Can shut on the hegg ar his door; He cares not for claret and sherry;

For those who are fretful and p eev ish ,

And

Virtue sh o uld live in a Poor-hol!u, Vice on the fat of the land. BE HONEST AND

TO

ycaJ--$l on

& Company.

In advance, au

I !

I

I !

y

OFFICE, the week ending Sept. 11th, 1847. To M. W Ob en chain, of Sprin g field, OhiO, f<Dr improvement in machinery for Spi nnin g. LIST 01" PATENTS IS:-lTfED FRO:I THE UNITED STATES PATJi:NT

______

la.t page. o u._. __

POETRY.

BY G. LINNAEUS BANKS.

.HAPPY.

for im prove ment in R anging carriage bodies. Patented Sept. 11, 1847. pro v ement sels. Patented Sept. 11,1847.

FOI'

To Charles J. Woolson, of Springfield, Ohio, Ante-dated Marcia

Sept. 1 1, 1847. in

w orld that is doubtful,

ment Sept.

To John D o nle vy,of New York, for improTe

To Ziba Parkhurst,

Of luxuries he has not hi s fillAnd let's the world do as it will.

He He

Yet dares to be honest and hap py ,

He ruins no har d - w orki n g tr ad es man, Who gets but a c'lrse for his bill ; No livery at table to wait; To cheat his friend sooner or late; maketh no hollow pr o fe s sions But tries to be hone s t and happy,

boasts no lordly posse ssi on s,

The man wh o

Too much m ay overburden ana sink you,

Too little oft kept you from ill ; Then try to be ho n est and happy, And let the world do as it will.

)h, who th e n w ould grumble at fortun, Though sorrow and toil ing be tide ! And let's the world do as it will. M ight be virtuous were it denied!

with wealth is a villain,

, M. Anis said, an Im pro ved method of railway travelling by means 0: compressed air, and we have lately seen it r ec om mended through the columns (i the London Mining J oumal, to adopt atmosph er i c pressure for mining purposes. We I think that where fuel is cheap no advantage cons tr u ct a railroad in the island of Ceylon,

attention.

tem, th e same as ado pted in England. also effected, it

the East Indies, upon Clarke and Varley's sys-

I

draud of Patis, has

Atmospheric pressure is 1I0W e ngagi ng much

It is proposed, we perceive, to

in

I would describe an imagi nary circle

To John O. Kelsey, of Newburyp ort, Mass. for i mprov ement in tbe con struction ot chim in contact with the plate, it must hold on, and n eys. P aten ted Sept. 11, 1847. a power ac ting so as to tu rn wheel I in the di To Phi lip Zeiber,Patrick S. Devlan, of Read rection of arro w s W, would cause it to move in g, and John Hancock, of Phil adel phia, Penn. roun d on the circumference of the pl ate in di for improvements in combinations for lubri rect ion of arows 4. The ex tre mity of the c ating ma c hin ery. P a t e nted Sept. 11,1847. To Moses F. Hoit, of Livingston, Alabama, P ate nted lever, corresponding with the centre of wh eel,

z

tented Se pt. 11, 18'! 7. Se pt. 11, 1847.

for improvement in Fountain Pens.

for imp r o vem en t in catches fol' c la sps. To James Brigh am, of Philadelphia, Patented Sept 11,1847.

for improvement in steeri r g apparatusforves

11, 1847. Ante-dated March 11, 1847. To I saac L. Blanc h ard, of W eymouth, Masa. Lithographic Presses. Patented

of New York, for im in Buning m achines. Patented

11, 1847.

Penn. , Pa

can be gained by an atmospheric pressure engine, but

j ect, well knowing that a great saving is y et to be effected in the economy ma-

to ask for his name ; But he who, th ough humble, is upright, Shall live in the an n als of fame. Hath little The vi ci ous may m ock at his mem'ry, But ages will think on him still, as it will.

The man who with plenty is ho nest ,

assiduously fail yet to

e r ing some new improvement, w hich cannot the itlYentor of the en gin e represented Mr, B. Watts, of New Bedford, Mass. eter, hav ing represent anotJer w heel,

chi nes.

ab ov e e ngravin g, has been de v o ting himself

we would call a tten tion to this subof prop elling

I

circumference of wheel the edge

I

I wb eel

Let A r e pres ent a whe el

be

to the subject and is daily <liscov12 inches in diama stati o na ry axis passi ng throu gh a general benefit.

m the

vel' revolves, the wheel revolves also. the po w ers, we will now show ery revoluti o n

1847. To J ames Warren, Jr. of New York, for E, is made io aVer er o f 40 pounds on lever imrrovement in preparing materials for lem come the 40 on le ver F. T he lever E, is fas onade. Patented Sept. 11,1847. Having described the machine, and applied

C, by the lev e r 1< Attached t o wheels Patented Sept. 11, 1847. I and C, are two drums, of the same diameter To John M. Stafford, of Pike, New York, as the wheels, ever which passes the band X. S. The

kept at the same distance from the centre of

of the pl ate, as its

I, !Flust al way s touch centre is always

11, 1i47 ..

prove m ent III Smut machines.

To Jacob Benner,of LIberty, P enn. , for im

Patented Sept.

Then strive to be honest and happy,

And let the world do

It lends the day 'a new deli gh t : Or thousan;s gained a year. 'Tis virtue's for emoH shield,

THE TEMPER. " There's not a chea? er thing 011 earth, N or yet one half so dear; 'Tis worth more than distinguished birt h, be,

I

it r evolv es.

in the form of a circle, and an inch in t hi c k the centre B, round which it revolves.

ter, havi ng also a"l>;(atlOoary axis, rou nd which D, is a stationary plate of m eta l

CIrcumference.

1 h ose ot the wheel A, viz. same diameter ald ness. It is placed wheel C,

levers, on which the two frames are a pplied ,

And adds more beauty to the nigbt Good te mper-nothi ng m ore.

the fulcrulll of E being at the centre of wheel A, and the f u lcru m of F being at th e centre of wheel C. Th e l ength of level' E i s equal to C, passes t hrough the extremity of le T er F, and the other extrem ity BU p ports the axis of wheel I. The wheel I, i s of the same dimensions as w heel C, there fore the circum t he radius of wh eel A-6 in ches.

and t h e axis of the wheel C passes E alld F, are two through the centre of it.

Its dimensions cor r e spo nd exactly with

6

inch es

in dia meLet C

either by frictio n

p a ral lel with the

of the circumferences, or cogs, in di rection of arrows 2, and at every revolution of C, J revolves, by means of the band, in di re cti on of arr ows W, wit h the same force, 40 p ou nd s. It is easy to pe r cei ve thata force of 40 po unds is exerted on t h e extremi ty of lever F, in the d ire ction of Z, f or as the pomt of the circumference of wheel I, in contact with the circumference of vlate, as at J, tened to wheel A, cons e qu e n tly when the Ie. At ev holds on, that point evidently be comes a ful crum of a lever, the the p oi nt

the wheel C evidently revolves twice, cau sed

of A, ( in

G,j rection of arrows 1,)

how the pow

for improvement in machines for hoe ing land.

TQ Moses Spofford, of G eorgeto w n, Mass.,

for iIr. provement in Horoe Rakes. Se pt. 11,

Patented

for Desig n for Sto ve. To James

Patented Sept 11, 1847. H. C onk lin, of Peeksk ill, New York, for Design for Stoves. Patente d Sept. DESIGNS.

New Y9rk, for two designs for Spoons,

Than all the stars may yield.

This axis

of wheel

of lever F. The radius of plat e That woman homeward brings, D, is 6 inches, radius of whee l I, is 3 inches, An d can the poor est peasant lilt whole (j incheB, lengt h of l e ve r F. Let a pow-. To bliss unknown to kings ." er of 40 pounds be applied to the extremity of lev er E, in the direction of H, and the -'e;'--. . other power (having two a s first stated,) be A fa shIOnable young gentleman, who has . I ap rIed on I ev e r F, In th e d'Il'e t lO n 0f K � Th e ' been in Paris, fainted away, last week, at Sa- I . . pomt J, on the lever be tng (j mches from the faloga, on heal'l ng that h' b 1'0til er h ad b een I IS . cent. e, would be the place to apply the poween III neY__at an utl fash' nahie penod. lO . k er, as two equal powers to prod uce the same , _ _ A despairin g swain, in a fit of desperation I esul't, must act on levers of equal length. recently declared to his u n r e lenti ng lady, that The circumference of wheel is brought close it was his full d etermi na tion to drown himself I to the e dge of the plate; on llil cll'cumference are friction teeth, so that whatever part cornell or perish in the at te mpt! This char m, this bright divinity? With power unheard before ference of wheel I, and the 'circumference of the plate, coming together, it is easy to calcu Good temper! 'tis the choicest gill

" What may this wondrous spirit

late the l engt h

power of which acts on sig n for p r inting on Woolens. Patented Sept. U, in direction of arrows 3. So the 1 1,1847. power of 40 p ou n d ac ting ')n a lever of 6 i n ches, is tr an s fer red to a lever of I) inches. At INVENTORS' CLA.IIlIS. one revolution of wheel A, wheel I makes Plano Forte. two r ev olu t i ons, and conoequently mo ves en Invented b} T im othy Gilbert, of Boston, tirely round the plate, being just one h al f the Mass. P ate nted 7th A llgust, 1841. What he circumference of the p lat e, The 40 pounds c laims as his i n vention is the combinatio!l of a pp lied atJ, acts, by the law of the lever, at the s p ring with the lever and the hammer in H.e centre of I, in the direct iol of Y, with a such lllanner as fo n e arly or entirely remove force of only about 26 pounds. oonsequently the weight of them, or e ith e r of tf,em fr om t he we have a po wer of 14 pounds, minus fric key lever, or top of t he jack t h ere o f, whereby ti on, acting on a h,ver of 9 inches. It will be he is enablecl to operate or de pres s the front sign for Stoves, (hav ing assigned his right to Johnson & Cox, Troy,

Nathaniel Hayden, of Forks, &c. Patented Sept. 11, 1847. To Ezra Ripley, of Troy, New York, tor de 11, 1847.

To Roswell Bush, of Rochester, New Y ork ,

To William Gale and

11, 1847. To George W. Wigh t, of New Y ork, for de

N. Y.)

Patented Sept.

observe d that the power al ways acts in a direc tion parallel with lever

taken i t because easier illuitrated.

II

I

key lever and jack to be readily removed in� has dependently of the r est of the action. He al used pressure of atmosphere for power, which so claims the combination or arrangement ot acts equally in all directions, hence the neces the spring with the lever, da mper lever, and sity of two powers, acting oppositel y. The key level', by which the spring is made to an powers are applied to the machine in a simple swer the double PUI pose of causing the return manner. of the key leyer a n d damper after each blow on the string, alw ay s acts as the center to the power. The above, the mo

d ified ir. a hundred different w ay s, but he has He

end of the key lever, with s ca.r c ely any coun F, and that the fulcrum, teracting force other than what may be suffi the p oint J, as t hin gs now sta nd, is always in cient to da m pen the string, and by so doing the same relative p ositio n, and that the weight make the action both very light to the touch

inventor says, may be

of I, p e r p en dicdar and

combination of the lever, wit h the back catch and key lever, for the purp ose of enabling the

p oweriul in executio n. He also claims the

� 1847 SCIENTIFIC AMERICIAN, INC


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224 of good, I guess. Watch me put my hammock up, and you'll have the trick in a jiffy. Now, then, there you are. Now roll up your trousers, for washing down decks on a man-o'-war is no play-work."

The officer of the deck was on hand, himself in bare feet like the men, and now the word was passed to the boatswain's mate that all was ready. The word travelled to the engineer below, and presently the pumps began to work, sending heavy streams of sea-water through the various stretches of hose lying about, and then commenced the daily task of washing down.

Had it not been for Striker, Larry would have been bewildered, but the tall Yankee knew exactly where to take hold, and made Larry go with him. "Everything is divided up," said Striker. "We'll have to attend to our corner of the ship and nothing else. It's jest like you had an apartment in one of them big flat houses ashore. Don't bother your neighbor, an' don't let him bother you, and you'll get along fust-rate."

The washing-down process lasted an hour, and by that time the Olympia was as clean as a whistle from stem to stern. After this, half an hour was allowed in which to prepare for breakfast.

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Rh "You can spruce up now, or after you have had your grub," said Striker. "I'd rather spruce up afterwards, for you might have an accident at the table if the Olympia should happen to give an extra heavy roll, and you want to keep that new suit mighty clean, or the division officer will be after you, especially on a ship that is carryin' Commodore Dewey. You can go it a bit slack on some other craft, but it won't do on a flagship—which is the model for all."

It was nearly nine o'clock when quarters sounded throughout the big ship. Again Larry looked at Striker inquiringly.

"Roll call, my lad—what I told you to spruce up for. Come ahead," and with this reply Striker led the way to the main deck, where sailors, gunners, marines, and others were arranging themselves in long lines, to answer to their names, and to pass inspection by their captain, while Commodore Dewey stood on the bridge above, looking on.

After quarters had reached an end, and while Larry was wondering what would come next, it was announced that a gun drill would be had, and for nearly two hours they were kept at it below decks, working the monster to which they had been

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226 attached, going through the motions of loading, sighting, and firing. Larry went through all these movements with the rest; for although it was not likely that he would be called on to sight the piece, a delicate operation, or to fire it, yet it was deemed necessary that he should know something of how these things were done, in case those on the gun who were his superiors should be killed or disabled.

"Gracious, but it's hot work!" exclaimed Larry, when the arduous drill had come to an end. "It seems to me the gunners get the worst of it."

"We don't get any more of a dose than do the other men, lad," returned Striker. "Away down under us, where it's hotter twice over nor here, the engineers are a-workin' over their boilers to keep up steam, and the firemen and coal-heavers are workin' harder than ever you dreamed on, shovellin' coal and rakin' down the fires, and if you'll take a peep on deck you'll find the marines hard at it, with their monkey drill, or sword exercise, or something like that. It's one of the rules aboard a warship to keep Jack a-going, and the rule gets broken precious seldom."

"But how can they keep us going all the time, if there is no fight on?" persisted Larry.

"You're green, lad, even if ye have sailed in a

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Rh merchantman and know all the ropes from the foreroyal-stay to the topping-lift," answered the downeast sailor, with a good-natured laugh, for with the deck of a warship once more beneath him he was in his element. "There are drills enough alone to keep a man hustling from sunrise to sunset, as you'll find out if you remain on the Olympia long enough. Fust comes the drills on the guns, big and little—one of which we have just had. Then comes the sinking ship drill, with closing up the water-tight compartments, and afterwards provisioning the small boats and leaving the ship in a big haste but in perfect order. Another drill is the fire drill, with the hose and the hooked poles and sech; and another the 'repel boarders,' though they don't have boarders to repel like they use to; and another is the target practice with pistols and rifles; and then there is hospital work, and learning how to tie knots as they are tied in the navy, and a lot more which I can't remember jest now, but which will drift along some day or another when you least expect it."

"Well, it's certainly a wonderful life,—a good deal different from what I expected, Luke. The Olympia doesn't seem like a ship to me; she is more of a floating fort."

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228 "And that is what all naval vessels are now, lad—floating forts, or fighting machines, as some call 'em. They don't float because they have the wood to keep 'em up, but because their metal sides keep out jest so much water. Make a good hole in a warship's side, and she'll drop to Davy Jones' locker as quick as a lump o' lead—that is, unless some of the water-tight compartments that are closed keep her afloat."

Striker was right; there was plenty to do, even with no enemy in sight, and as the fleet swept on straight for the island of Luzon, Larry found the time passing swiftly. He was one, as we know, to make friends quickly, and soon he was on the best of terms with half a dozen members of the gun crews.

"You'll get into it, my boy, and make a good one," said Barrow, the head gunner of the piece to which he and Striker had been assigned. "I can see it by the cut of your jib. You're no land-lubber, even if you are a bit green around here." And he willingly gave both Striker and Larry "points" about the gun, which was as new to the down-east tar as it was to the boy, for guns are being improved constantly, and the present piece was of a different pattern from that which Striker had helped to manage on the Pensacola.

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Rh By the talk of several petty officers Larry learned that it was expected they would sight the western coast of Luzon inside of the next twenty-four hours, and one of the officers added, that, if the Spanish fleet was where it was supposed to be, there would be hot fighting before the week was out.

"I imagine it will be rather hot fighting," said the boy to Striker. "Phew! the thermometer must be over a hundred in the shade, already!"

"We've struck a calm, and that is what makes it so uncomfortable," answered the down-easter. "We're sure to have smooth weather after sech a lot o' hurricanes as we had afore we were picked up.

It was indeed hot, and during the middle of the day the men were permitted to take it rather more easily than usual. After the drill at the guns Larry took the chance to bathe and felt much better for it.

The remainder of the day passed without special incident, although it was easy to observe as the warship drew closer to the land under the flag of the enemy that the officers and some of the men were under a strong mental tension. Heretofore the vessels had been sailing somewhat far apart, but as night came on they bunched up, and a closer watch than ever was kept.

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230 "You see," explained Striker, when he and Larry were discussing the closing up of the squadron, "we haven't but one small boat—the Petrel—to do the scouting for us, and it may be the Spaniards are on the watch for us, and if they catch sight of us, they may send out a torpedo boat after dark to blow one of our vessels sky-high. A torpedo boat is a pesky little thing that is hard to spot in the dark and still harder to get out of the way of. The only thing to do is to spot it in time and give it a few good, heavy shots."

It was on Saturday morning that land was sighted dead ahead—a long, low coast line, backed up by an indefinite series of hills. At once the fleet was signalled to halt, and each vessel began the preparations for that battle which every man felt was bound to come sooner or later. To a landsman the preparations would have looked very much like the frantic efforts of a lot of crazy men. Everything in the way of a possible detriment during a battle was pitched overboard. The articles thus disposed of consisted of mess tables and benches, wooden partitions and rails, heavy chests and ditty boxes, and a hundred and one other things of value—all went sailing upon the rolling waters of the China Sea.

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Rh "It's like cleaning out a house on fire," remarked Larry. "By the time the sailors get done throwing their things away I reckon we'll be as rich as any of them and no mistake."

"Well, they can't be too careful," answered Striker. "Splinters are awful things. I've heard tell that during the times they used to fight in nothing but wooden ships the men were worse wounded by flying bits of woodwork than they were by the shots themselves. If this stuff floats ashore, what a harvest them natives will reap!"

The woodwork disposed of, strong nettings of rope were stretched under the small boats on deck, also to keep possible splinters off, and then the deck was cleared of everything movable. The heavy chain cables were likewise coiled around the ammunition hoists, to give them additional protection, for a coiled chain cable will ward off a shot or shell just as well as will a moderately thick sheet of armor plate.

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" you know much about this island of Luzon?" asked Larry of Striker, after the two had been at the gun again, seeing that everything was oiled and in perfect order, and after Larry had taken an additional lesson in handling the stout canvas bags containing fifty and a hundred pounds of brown prismatic powder.

"Well, I know a little," answered the tall down-easter, as he took a long look ashore, for now the coast line loomed up quite plainly to his trained eye. "The island is by far the largest of the Philippines, and is one of the most northern. Away to the south of the group is Mindanao, and, as you know, there are any quantity of islands, big an' little, betwixt the two. I once heard say that Luzon was about the size of all of our down-east states combined."

"It's larger then than I thought it was," cried Larry, somewhat astonished. "And what about the cities?"

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Rh "The biggest city is Manila, on the east shore of Manila Bay, a big harbor shaped like a camel's head, with the opening at the neck of the animal, and Manila sittin' like a wart on the critter's nose. Years an' years ago the city was only a Spanish military post, but it grew an' grew, until I reckon there are several hundred thousand folks—Chinese and Japanese and all—in and around Manila. A good many of the people are what they call Tagals, a branch of the Malay race—a good enough set if the Spanish would only treat 'em half decently."

"Something was said about their being in rebellion," went on the boy. "I wonder if they are fighting now."

"To be sure they are fighting," put in Barrow, the gunner. "I heard the lieutenant say, and I guess he got it straight from headquarters, that there are between thirty and forty thousand Tagals and others in revolt, under General Emilio Aguinaldo and other leaders. Oh, they'll make it as hot on land in these quarters as we'll make it on the sea, if we can catch sight of those will-o-the-wisp Dons."

There had been a vigorous signalling going on between the vessels of the squadron, and now all but the Concord and the Boston slowed up. The two

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234 craft mentioned put on extra steam, and in a short while were lost to sight in the distance.

"They are out on a scout," announced Striker. "Nothing like being careful, you know. There's a bay ahead, and they are no doubt under orders to search it."

Striker's surmise was correct. The opening ahead was that of Subic Bay, a number of miles west of the bay of Manila. The Boston and Concord were to examine every corner and shelter of it carefully, and hurry back at the first sign of the enemy. Later on the Baltimore joined her two sister ships.

"If the Spanish fleet is in Subic Bay, we'll have some fun getting at them," Larry heard one of the sailors say. "The water there is mighty shallow in spots, and rocks are there a-plenty."

"Yes, and it's likely if the Dons are there they'll plant some shore batteries, and give us the hottest kind of a plunging fire," added another. "Splice the anchor chain, but I hate a plunging fire," was added with a growl. All sailors hate such a fire, coming from an elevated battery capable of throwing shot and shell directly down upon a vessel's deck.

The hours passed slowly, until, towards evening,

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Rh the three warships sent out on the scout were seen coming back "empty handed," as Striker expressed it. No vessels but a few fishing and merchant craft had been seen.

The warships were now called closer together, and the various commanders were summoned by Commodore Dewey to the flagship, to hold a council of war. The coming of so many small boats to the Olympia was an event of interest to Larry, and he viewed each captain with combined curiosity and respect. The council of war was held in the after-cabin of the flagship, and, of course, the sailors heard nothing of what was going on. But we will take a peep behind the curtain.

Having satisfied himself that Admiral Montojo's ships were not in Subic Bay, Commodore Dewey was strongly of the impression that the Spanish officer had taken his fleet into Manila Bay. There were a number of reasons for this, the principal one of which was that it seemed likely that the admiral would think it his duty to remain close to Manila, to protect it both from American attack and from the fiercer and fiercer attacks of the insurgents.

The whole question was, then, Should the American warships risk a run into Manila Bay? That

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236 was a question to be carefully considered, and why my young readers will soon learn.

As Striker had mentioned, the bay was shaped somewhat like the head of a camel, with the neck of the animal forming the entrance to the waters. Manila was situated twenty-nine miles from this entrance, and eight miles out from the city was a long, low neck of land, at the extremity of which stood Fort Cavite, an old but massive stronghold, mounting sufficient pieces to cover the shipping in front of Manila proper.

Almost in the centre of the entrance to Manila Bay lay Corregidor Island, with a smaller island beside it. Corregidor Island was also fortified, with guns well able to sweep the channels on both sides. More than this, it was reported that the entrance to the bay was strongly mined by what are known as contact mines; that is, mines which will explode the moment a ship comes into contact with them. What a marine mine can do has already been only too well illustrated in the case of the ill-fated Maine.

The question then was, Should the squadron risk an attempt to slip into the bay, past Corregidor Island, and past the hidden mines? It took brave men to decide to do this, but the commodore and his

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Rh captains voted to a man that this should be done, and furthermore, that the attempt should be made that very night.

In less than half an hour after the council of war broke up, what was proposed to be done under cover of darkness was known to every one on the warships. Perhaps some of the jackies turned pale at the news, but if so they "were lost among the numbers of those who gave their commodore and their captains "three times three " with a will. Your true American man-o'-war's man would rather fight than cruise around, any day.

In order not to appear off the entrance to Manila Bay while it was yet light, the squadron steamed slowly southeastward, keeping a good distance from shore. The extreme heat almost made eating out of the question, yet supper was served at the usual time,—the last meal to be had for some hours to come.

The sun went down as in a veritable sea of molten lead, and as the night drew on, the pale southern moon came up, accompanied by hundreds of twinkling stars. Perhaps those in command would have preferred greater darkness, yet

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238 it was necessary to have some light, that the channel might be seen without the aid of search or other lights.

As it grew darker each warship put out a single hooded light, showing from behind only; this precaution being taken to keep one vessel from running up into that before her. All the other exposed lights were cut off, and officers and men were alike warned that no noise that was not absolutely necessary should be made. If it was possible, Commodore Dewey intended to run by the batteries on Corregidor Island, and any other batteries in the vicinity, without being discovered. In naval warfare, and in military warfare, too, for the matter of that, to come upon the enemy when he leasts expects it, and thus throw him into more or less confusion, often constitutes a large element of success.

On and on went the squadron, looking like dim phantoms of the night, moving in an irregular line, the Olympia in the lead, and the tiny Petrel and despatch boat McCulloch bringing up together in the rear. Corregidor Island was not yet visible, yet the men knew it might appear in the dim distance at any moment.

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Rh "Clear ship for action!"

The command was given quietly, and instead of blowing their bugles and whistles, and ringing their bells, the under-officers passed the commands along by word of mouth. Silently the men obeyed, but what a rushing around ensued! To an outsider the men might have appeared in helpless confusion, yet nothing could have been more orderly.

As mentioned before, all unnecessary woodwork had already been disposed of, but now the decks were cleared of even the ventilator pipes wherever they interfered with the range of the big guns, and chains were run out, to help work guns from the outside as well as from the inside. Added to this, a gangway that had been kept until the last minute was slid into the sea, and then the various hatchways were fitted with steel covers, to protect those below from the explosion of a stray shell or the plunging fire of small arms.

In the bowels of the warships the engineers and others had also been busy, coupling the various engines so that they might work one for another, attaching the power to the machinery that worked the big guns and to the electric circuit, for my

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240 young readers must remember that many modern guns are fired by electricity. The pumping-engines were also connected with the fire-hose, which was laid in every part of the ship, and final tests were made of the appliances designed to flood with water any magazine that was in danger of explosion.

Firemen and stokers were at the fires, bringing the heat up to the highest possible point, and putting tons and tons of coal where it would be handiest, and also testing the forced draughts and blowers. They knew only too well that while in action a modern battleship must keep moving lively, or the enemy will blow her up as soon as guns can be properly pointed. And they knew, too, that if the battle went the wrong way, it would be steam alone that might save them from capture.

And while this was going on, Larry, Striker, and those working with them had not been idle. The magazines had been opened and the work of delivering powder and projectiles to the various guns started. Ammunition, too, had been sent to the men in the fighting tops. Each gun was carefully swabbed out and loaded, and the range-finders tested by the head gunners. The actual loading

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Rh of the big gun to which he had been assigned filled Larry with interest. He wondered how it would sound when the charge went off, and if they would hit anything on the first trial.

In the conning tower, a round, steel structure, stood Captain Gridley, ready to do or die, as the occasion might require. The captain was not well, but had begged to be allowed to take charge of his vessel upon this trip, confident that he should come out of any contest with colors flying. Close behind the captain was the man at the wheel, and half a dozen others, on duty at the speaking-tubes and ready to carry commands to any portion of the warship.

The commodore was on the bridge, that curious structure set sidewise above the deck of every modern battleship. With him, too, were petty officers, to carry his commands or send them to the other vessels by the use of night signals. And all was as silent as death, even the big engines doing their work with nothing more than an indefinite rumble, and the big fires blazing away without a spark soaring skyward.

A bit of land came out of the distance. Slowly but surely the Olympia crept closer to it, keeping

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242 it upon the port side. It was Corregidor Island. Soon appeared the small island of Pulo Caballo. They were approaching the entrance to the harbor at last. Would they be able to pass into the waters beyond in safety?

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title: Under Dewey at Manila/Chapter 24


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day Kipps set out upon his newly-mastered bicycle to New Romney to break the news of his engagement to his Uncle and Aunt—this time positively. He was now a finished cyclist, but as yet an unseasoned one; the southwest wind, even in its summer guise, as one meets it in the Marsh, is the equivalent of a reasonable hill, and ever and again he got off and refreshed himself by a spell of walking. He was walking just outside New Romney preparatory to his triumphal entry (one hand off) when abruptly he came upon Ann Pornick.

It chanced he was thinking about her at the time. He had been thinking curious things; whether, after all, the atmosphere of New Romney and the Marsh had not some difference, some faint impalpable quality that was missing in the great and fashionable world of Folkestone behind there on the hill. Here there was a homeliness, a familiarity. He had noted as he passed that old Mr. Cliffordown's gate had been

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CH. VI mended with a fresh piece of string. In Folkestone he didn't take notice and he didn't care if they built three hundred houses. Come to think of it, that was odd. It was fine and grand to have twelve hundred a year; it was fine to go about on trams and omnibuses and think not a person aboard was as rich as oneself; it was fine to buy and order this and that and never have any work to do and to be engaged to a girl distantly related to the Earl of Beaupres, but yet there had been a zest in the old time out here, a rare zest in the holidays, in sunlight, on the sea beach and in the High Street, that failed from these new things. He thought of those bright windows of holiday that had seemed so glorious to him in the retrospect from his apprentice days. It was strange that now, amidst his present splendours, they were glorious still!

All those things were over now—perhaps that was it! Something had happened to the world and the old light had been turned out. He himself was changed, and Sid was changed, terribly changed, and Ann no doubt was changed.

He thought of her with the hair blown about her flushed cheeks as they stood together after their race.…

Certainly she must be changed, and all the magic she had been fraught with to the very hem of her short petticoats gone no doubt for ever. And as he thought that, or before and while he thought it, for he came to all these things in his own vague and stumbling way, he looked up, and there was Ann!

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284 She was seven years older and greatly altered; yet for the moment it seemed to him that she had not changed at all. "Ann!" he said, and she, with a lifting note, "It's Art Kipps!"

Then he became aware of changes—improvements. She was as pretty as she had promised to be, her blue eyes as dark as his memory of them, and with a quick, high colour, but now Kipps by several inches was the taller again. She was dressed in a simple grey dress that showed her very clearly as a straight and healthy little woman, and her hat was Sundayfied with pink flowers. She looked soft and warm and welcoming. Her face was alight to Kipps with her artless gladness at their encounter.

"It's Art Kipps!" she said.

"Rather," said Kipps.

"You got your holidays?"

It flashed upon Kipps that Sid had not told her of his great fortune. Much regretful meditation upon Sid's behaviour had convinced him that he himself was to blame for exasperating boastfulness in that affair, and this time he took care not to err in that direction. He erred in the other.

"I'm taking a bit of a 'oliday," he said.

"So'm I," said Ann.

"You been for a walk?" asked Kipps.

Ann showed him a bunch of wayside flowers.

"It's a long time since I seen you, Ann. Why, 'ow long must it be? Seven—eight years nearly."

"It don't do to count," said Ann.

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CH. VI "It don't look like it," said Kipps, with the slightest emphasis.

"You got a moustache," said Ann, smelling her flowers and looking at him over them, not without admiration.

Kipps blushed.…

Presently they came to the bifurcation of the roads.

"I'm going down this way to mother's cottage," said Ann.

"I'll come a bit your way if I may."

In New Romney social distinctions that are primary realities in Folkestone are absolutely non-existent, and it seemed quite permissible for him to walk with Ann, for all that she was no more than a servant. They talked with remarkable ease to one another, they slipped into a vein of intimate reminiscence in the easiest manner. In a little while Kipps was amazed to find Ann and himself at this:

"You r'ember that half sixpence? What you cut for me?"

"Yes."

"I got it still."

She hesitated. "Funny, wasn't it?" she said, and then, "you got yours, Artie?"

"Rather," said Kipps. "What do you think?" and wondered in his heart of hearts why he had never looked at that sixpence for so long.

Ann smiled at him frankly.

"I didn't expect you'd keep it," she said. "I

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286 thought often—it was silly to keep mine. Besides," she reflected, "it didn't mean anything really."

She glanced at him as she spoke and met his eye.

"Oh, didn't it!" said Kipps, a little late with his response, and realising his infidelity to Helen even as he spoke.

"It didn't mean much anyhow," said Ann. "You still in the drapery?"

"I'm living at Folkestone," began Kipps and decided that that sufficed. "Didn't Sid tell you he met me?"

"No! Here?"

"Yes. The other day. 'Bout a week or more ago."

"That was before I came."

"Ah! that was it," said Kipps.

"'E's got on," said Ann. "Got 'is own shop now, Artie."

"'E tole me."

They found themselves outside Muggett's cottages. "You going in?" said Kipps.

"I s'pose so," said Ann.

They both hung upon the pause. Ann took a plunge.

"D'you often come to New Romney?" she said.

"I ride over a bit at times," said Kipps.

Another pause. Ann held out her hand.

"I'm glad I seen you," she said.

Extraordinary impulses arose in neglected parts of Kipps' being. "Ann," he said and stopped.

"Yes," said she, and was bright to him.

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CH. VI They looked at one another.

All and more than all of those first emotions of his adolescence had come back to him. Her presence banished a multitude of countervaling considerations. It was Ann more than ever. She stood breathing close to him, with her soft-looking lips a little apart and gladness in her eyes.

"I'm awful glad to see you again," he said; "it brings back old times."

"Doesn't it?"

Another pause. He would have liked to have had a long talk to her, to have gone for a walk with her or something, to have drawn nearer to her in any conceivable way, and, above all, to have had some more of the appreciation that shone in her eyes, but a vestige of Folkestone still clinging to him told him it "wouldn't do." "Well," he said, "I must be getting on," and turned away reluctantly, with a will under compulsion.…

When he looked back from the corner she was still at the gate. She was perhaps a little disconcerted by his retreat. He felt that. He hesitated for a moment, half turned, stood and suddenly did great things with his hat. That hat! The wonderful hat of our civilisation! …

In another minute he was engaged in a singularly absent-minded conversation with his Uncle about the usual topics.

His Uncle was very anxious to buy him a few upright clocks as an investment for subsequent sale. And

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288 there were also some very nice globes, one terrestrial and the other celestial, in a shop at Lydd that would look well in a drawing-room and inevitably increase in value.… Kipps either did or did not agree to this purchase; he was unable to recollect.

The southwest wind perhaps helped him back, at any rate he found himself through Dymchurch without having noticed the place. There came an odd effect as he drew near Hythe. The hills on the left and the trees on the right seemed to draw together and close in upon him until his way was straight and narrow. He could not turn around on that treacherous, half-tamed machine, but he knew that behind him, he knew so well, spread the wide, vast flatness of the Marsh shining under the afternoon sky. In some way this was material to his thoughts. And as he rode through Hythe he came upon the idea that there was a considerable amount of incompatibility between the existence of one who was practically a gentleman and of Ann.

In the neighbourhood of Seabrook he began to think he had, in some subtle way, lowered himself by walking along by the side of Ann.… After all, she was only a servant.

Ann!

She called out all the least gentlemanly instincts of his nature. There had been a moment in their conversation when he had quite distinctly thought it would really be an extremely nice thing for someone to kiss her lips.… There was something

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CH. VI warming about Ann—at least for Kipps. She impressed him as having somewhen during their vast interval of separation contrived to make herself in some distinctive way his.

Fancy keeping that half sixpence all this time!

It was the most flattering thing that had ever happened to Kipps.

He found himself presently sitting over "The Art of Conversing," lost in the strangest musings. He got up, walked about, became stagnant at the window for a space, roused himself and by way of something lighter tried "Sesame and Lilies." From that, too, his attention wondered. He sat back. Anon he smiled, anon sighed. He arose, pulled his keys from his pocket, looked at them, decided and went upstairs. He opened the little yellow box that had been the nucleus of all his possessions in the world, and took out a small "Escritoire," the very humblest sort of present, and opened it—kneeling. And there, in the corner, was a little packet of paper, sealed as a last defence against any prying invader, with red sealing wax. It had gone untouched for years. He held this little packet between finger and thumb for a moment, regarding it, and then put down the escritoire and broke the seal.…

As he was getting into bed that night he remembered something for the first time!

"Dash it!" he said. "Dashed if I told 'em this

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290 time.… Well! I shall 'ave to go over to New Romney again!"

He got into bed and remained sitting pensively on the pillow for a space.

"It's a rum world," he reflected after a vast interval.

Then he recalled that she had noticed his moustache and embarked upon a sea of egotistical musings.

He imagined himself telling Ann how rich he was. What a surprise that would be for her!

Finally he sighed profoundly, blew out his candle and snuggled down, and in a little while he was asleep.…

But the next morning and at intervals afterwards he found himself thinking of Ann—Ann, the bright, the desirable, the welcoming, and with an extraordinary streakiness he wanted quite badly to go and then as badly not to go over to New Romney again.

Sitting on the Leas in the afternoon, he had an idea. "I ought to 'ave told 'er, I suppose, about my being engaged.

"Ann!"

All sorts of dreams and impressions that had gone clean out of his mental existence came back to him, changed and brought up to date to fit her altered presence. He thought of how he had gone back to New Romney for his Christmas holidays, determined to kiss her, and of the awful blankness of the discovery that she had gone away.

It seemed incredible now, and yet not wholly

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CH. VI, that he had cried real tears for her—how many years was it ago?

Daily I should thank my Maker that He did not appoint me Censor of the world of men. I should temper a fierce injustice with a spasmodic indecision that would prolong rather than mitigate the bitterness of the Day. For human dignity, for all conscious human superiority I should lack the beginnings of charity, for bishops, prosperous schoolmasters, judges and all large respect-pampered souls. And more especially bishops, towards whom I bear an atavistic, Viking grudge, dreaming not infrequently and with invariable zest of galleys and landings and well known living ornaments of the episcopal bench sprinting inland on twinkling gaiters before my thirsty blade—all these people, I say, should treat below their deserts, but, on the other hand, for such as Kipps. There the exasperating indecisions would come in. The Judgment would be arrested at Kipps. Everyone and everything would wait. You would wait. The balance would sway and sway, and whenever it heeled towards an adverse decision, my finger would set it swaying again. Kings, warriors, statesmen, brilliant women of our first families, personalities, gallants, panting with indignation, headline humanity in general, would stand undamned, unheeded, or be damned in the most casual manner for their importunity, while my eye went about for anything possible that could be said on behalf of Kipps.…

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292 Albeit I fear nothing can save him from condemnation upon this present score, that within two days he was talking to Ann again.

One seeks excuses. Overnight there had been an encounter of Chitterlow and young Walshingham in his presence, that had certainly warped his standards. They had called within a few minutes of each other, and the two swayed by virile attentions to Old Methuselah Four Stars, had talked against each other, over and at the hospitable presence of Kipps. Walshingham had seemed to win at the beginning, but finally Chitterlow had made a magnificent display of vociferation and swept him out of existence. At the beginning Chitterlow had opened upon the great profits of playwrights and young Walshingham had capped him at once with a cynical, but impressive, display of knowledge of the High Finance. If Chitterlow boasted his thousands, young Walshingham boasted his hundreds of thousands, and was for a space left in sole possession of the stage, juggling with the wealth of nations. He was going on by way of Financial Politics to the Overman, before Chitterlow recovered from his first check, and came back to victory. "Talking of Women," said Chitterlow, coming in abruptly upon some things not generally known, beyond Walshingham's more immediate circle, about a recently departed Empire-builder; "Talking of Women and the way they Get at a man"

[Though as a matter of fact they had been talking of the Corruption of Society by Speculation.]

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CH. VI Upon this new topic Chitterlow was soon manifestly invincible. He knew so much, he had known so many. Young Walshingham did his best with epigrams and reservations, but even to Kipps it was evident that this was a book-learned depravity. One felt Walshingham had never known the inner realities of passion. But Chitterlow convinced and amazed. He had run away with girls, he had been run away with by girls, he had been in love with several at a time—"not counting Bessie"—he had loved and lost, he had loved and refrained, and he had loved and failed. He threw remarkable lights upon the moral state of America—in which country he had toured with great success. He set his talk to the tune of one of Mr. Kipling's best known songs. He told an incident of simple, romantic passion, a delirious dream of love and beauty in a Saturday to Monday steamboat trip up the Hudson, and tagged his end with, "I learnt about women from 'er!" After that he adopted the refrain and then lapsed into the praises of Kipling. "Little Kipling," said Chitterlow, with the familiarity of affection, "he knows," and broke into quotation:

(These things, I say, affect the moral standards of the best of us.)

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294 "I'd have liked to have written that," said Chitterlow. "That's Life, that is! But go and put it on the Stage, put even a bit of the Realities of Life on the Stage, and see what they'll do to you! Only Kipling could venture on a job like that. That Poem me! I don't say Kipling hasn't knocked me before and since, but that was a Fair Knock Out. And yet—you know—there's one thing in it … this:

Well. In my case anyhow—I don't know how much that proves, seeing I'm exceptional in so many things and there's no good denying it—but so far as I'm concerned—I tell you two, but of course you needn't let it go any farther—I've been perfectly faithful to Muriel ever since I married her—ever since.… Not once. Not even by accident have I ever said or done anything in the slightest." His little, brown eye became pensive after this flattering intimacy and the gorgeous draperies of his abundant voice fell into graver folds. "I learnt about women from 'er," he said impressively.

"Yes," said Walshingham, getting into the hinder spaces of that splendid pause, "a man must know about women. And the only sound way of learning is the experimental method."

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CH. VI "If you want to know about the experimental method, my boy," said Chitterlow, resuming.…

So they talked. Ex pede Herculem, as Coote, that cultivated polyglot, would have put it. And in the small hours Kipps went to bed, with his brain whirling with words and whiskey, and sat for an unconscionable time upon his bed edge, musing sadly upon the unmanly monogamy of soul that had cast its shadow upon his career, musing with his thoughts pointing around more and more certainly to the possibility of at least duplicity with Ann.

For some days he had been refraining with some insistence from going off to New Romney again…

I do not know if this may count in palliation of his misconduct. Men, real Strong-Souled, Healthy Men, should be, I suppose, impervious to conversational atmospheres, but I have never claimed for Kipps a place at these high levels. The unquenchable fact remains that the next day he spent the afternoon with Ann and found no scruple in displaying himself a budding lover.

He had met her in the High Street, had stopped her, and almost on the spur of the moment had boldly proposed a walk, "for the sake of old times."

"I don't mind," said Ann.

Her consent almost frightened Kipps. His imagination had not carried him to that. "It would be a

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296 lark," said Kipps, and looked up the street and down. "Now?" he said.

"I don't mind a bit, Artie. I was just going for a walk along towards St. Mary's."

"Let's go that way be'ind the church," said Kipps, and presently they found themselves drifting seaward in a mood of pleasant commonplace. For a while they talked of Sid. It went clean out of Kipps' head at that early stage even that Ann was a "girl" according to the exposition of Chitterlow, and for a time he remembered only that she was Ann. But afterwards, with the reek of that talk in his head, he lapsed a little from that personal relation. They came out upon the beach and sat down in a tumbled, pebbly place, where a meagre grass and patches of sea poppy were growing, and Kipps reclined on his elbow and tossed pebbles in his hand, and Ann sat up, sunlit, regarding him. They talked in fragments. They exhausted Sid, they exhausted Ann, and Kipps was chary of his riches.

He declined to a faint love-making. "I got that 'arf sixpence still," he said.

"Reely?"

That changed the key. "I always kept mine, some'ow," said Ann, and there was a pause.

They spoke of how often they had thought of each other during those intervening years. Kipps may have been untruthful, but Ann perhaps was not. "I met people here and there," said Ann; "but I never met anyone quite like you, Artie."

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CH. VI "It'is jolly our meeting again, anyhow," said Kipps. "Look at that ship out there. She's pretty close in.…"

He had a dull period, became indeed almost pensive, and then he was enterprising for a while. He tossed up his pebbles so that as if by accident they fell on Ann's hand. Then, very penitently, he stroked the place. That would have led to all sorts of coquetries on the part of Flo Banks, for example, but it disconcerted and checked Kipps to find Ann made no objection, smiled pleasantly down on him, with eyes half shut because of the sun. She was taking things very much for granted.

He began to talk, and Chitterlow standards resuming possession of him he said he had never forgotten her.

"I never forgotten you either, Artie," she said. "Funny, isn't it?"

It impressed Kipps also as funny. He became reminiscent, and suddenly a warm summer's evening came back to him. "Remember them cockchafers, Ann?" he said. But the reality of the evening he recalled was not the chase of cockchafers. The great reality that had suddenly arisen between them was that he had never kissed Ann in his life. He looked up and there were her lips.

He had wanted to very badly, and his memory leaped and annihilated an interval. That old resolution came back to him and all sorts of new resolutions passed out of mind. And he had learnt something

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298 since those boyish days. This time he did not ask. He went on talking, his nerves began very faintly to quiver and his mind grew bright.

Presently, having satisfied himself that there was no one to see, he sat up beside her and remarked upon the clearness of the air, and how close Dungeness seemed to them. Then they came upon a pause again.

"Ann," he whispered, and put an arm that quivered about her.

She was mute and unresisting, and, as he was to remember, solemn.

He turned her face towards him, and kissed her lips, and she kissed him back again—kisses frank and tender as a child's.

It was curious that in the retrospect he did not find nearly the satisfaction in this infidelity he had imagined was there. It was no doubt desperately doggish, doggish to an almost Chitterlowesque degree to recline on the beach at Littlestone with a "girl," to make love to her and to achieve the triumph of kissing her, when he was engaged to another "girl" at Folkestone, but somehow these two people were not "girls," they were Ann and Helen. Particularly Helen declined to be considered as a "girl." And there was something in Ann's quietly friendly eyes, in her frank smile, in the naïve pressure of her hand, there was something undefended and welcomeing [sic] that imparted a flavour to the business upon which he had

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CH. VI not counted. He had learnt about women from her. That refrain ran through his mind and deflected his thoughts, but as a matter of fact he had learnt about nothing but himself.

He wanted very much to see Ann some more and explain. He did not clearly know what it was he wanted to explain.

He did not clearly know anything. It is the last achievement of the intelligence to get all of one's life into one coherent scheme, and Kipps was only in a measure more aware of himself as a whole than is a tree. His existence was an affair of dissolving and recurring moods. When he thought of Helen or Ann or any of his friends, he thought sometimes of this aspect and sometimes of that—and often one aspect was finally incongruous with another. He loved Helen, he revered Helen. He was also beginning to hate her with some intensity. When he thought of that expedition to Lympne, profound, vague, beautiful emotions flooded his being; when he thought of paying calls with her perforce, or of her latest comment on his bearing, he found himself rebelliously composing fierce and pungent insults, couched in the vernacular. But Ann, whom he had seen so much less of, was a simpler memory. She was pretty, she was almost softly feminine, and she was possible to his imagination just exactly where Helen was impossible. More than anything else, she carried the charm of respect for him, the slightest glance of her eyes was balm for his perpetually wounded self-conceit.

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300 Chance suggestions it was set the tune of his thoughts, and his state of health and repletion gave the colour. Yet somehow he had this at least almost clear in his mind, that to have gone to see Ann a second time, to have implied that she had been in possession of his thoughts through all this interval, and, above all, to have kissed her, was shabby and wrong. Only unhappily this much of lucidity had come now just a few hours after it was needed.

Four days after this it was that Kipps got up so late. He got up late, cut his chin while shaving, kicked a slipper into his sponge bath and said, "Desh!"

Perhaps you know those intolerable mornings, dear Reader, when you seem to have neither the heart nor the strength to rise, and your nervous adjustments are all wrong and your fingers thumbs, and you hate the very birds for singing. You feel inadequate to any demand whatever. Often such awakenings follow a poor night's rest, and commonly they mean indiscriminate eating, or those subtle mental influences old Kipps ascribed to "Foozle Ile" in the system, or worry. And with Kipps—albeit Chitterlow had again been his guest overnight—assuredly worry had played a leading rôle. Troubles had been gathering upon him for days, there had been a sort of concentration of these hosts of Midian overnight, and in the grey small hours Kipps had held his review.

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CH. VI The predominating trouble marched under this banner:

a banner that was the fac-simile of a card upon his looking glass in the room below. And in relation to this terribly significant document things had come to a pass with Helen that he could only describe in his own expressive idiom as "words."

It had long been a smouldering issue between them that Kipps was not availing himself with any energy or freedom of the opportunities he had of social exercises, much less was he seeking additional opportunities. He had, it was evident, a peculiar dread of that universal afternoon enjoyment, the Call, and Helen made it unambiguously evident that this dread was "silly" and had to be overcome. His first display of this unmanly weakness occurred at the Coote's on the day before he kissed Ann. They were all there, chatting very pleasantly, when the little servant with the big cap announced the younger Miss Wace.

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302 Whereupon Kipps manifested a lively horror and rose partially from his chair. "O Gum!" he protested. "Carn't I go upstairs?"

Then he sank back, for it was too late. Very probably the younger Miss Wace had heard him as she came in.

Helen said nothing of that, though her manner may have shown her surprise, but afterwards she told Kipps he must get used to seeing people, and suggested that he should pay a series of calls with Mrs. Walshingham and herself. Kipps gave a reluctant assent at the time and afterwards displayed a talent for evasion that she had not suspected in him. At last she did succeed in securing him for a call upon Miss Punchafer, of Radnor Park—a particularly easy call because Miss Punchafer being so deaf one could say practically what one liked—and then outside the gate he shirked again. "I can't go in," he said in a faded voice.

"You must," said Helen, beautiful as ever, but even more than a little hard and forbidding.

"I can't."

He produced his handkerchief hastily, thrust it to his face, and regarded her over it with rounded, hostile eyes.

"'Possible," he said in a hoarse, strange voice out of the handkerchief. "Nozzez bleedin'."

But that was the end of his power of resistance, and when the rally for the Anagram Tea occurred she bore down his feeble protests altogether. She insisted.

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CH. VI She said frankly, "I am going to give you a good talking to about this," and she did.…

From Coote he gathered something of the nature of Anagrams and Anagram parties. An anagram, Coote explained, was a word spelt the same way as another, only differently arranged, as, for instance, T. O. C. O. E. would be an anagram for his own name, Coote.

"T. O. C. O. E.," repeated Kipps very carefully.

"Or T. O. E. C. O.," said Coote.

"Or T. O. E. C. O., said Kipps, assisting his poor head by nodding it at each letter.

"Toe Company like," he said in his efforts to comprehend.

When Kipps was clear what an anagram meant, Coote came to the second heading, the Tea. Kipps gathered there might be from thirty to sixty people present, and that each one would have an anagram pinned on. "They give you a card to put your guesses on, rather like a dance programme, and then, you know, you go around and guess," said Coote. "It's rather good fun."

"Oo rather!" said Kipps, with simulated gusto.

"It shakes everybody up together," said Coote.

Kipps smiled and nodded.…

In the small hours all his painful meditations were threaded by the vision of that Anagram Tea; it kept marching to and fro and in and out of all his other troubles, from thirty to sixty people, mostly ladies and callers, and a great number of the letters of the

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304 alphabet, and more particularly P. I. K. P. S. and T. O. E. C. O., and he was trying to make one word out of the whole interminable procession.…

This word, as he finally gave it with some emphasis to the silence of the night, was "Demn!"

Then, wreathed as it were in this lettered procession, was the figure of Helen as she had appeared at the moment of "words"; her face a little hard, a little irritated, a little disappointed. He imagined himself going around and guessing under her eye.…

He tried to think of other things, without lapsing upon a still deeper uneasiness that was wreathed with yellow sea poppies, and the figures of Buggins, Pierce and Carshot, three murdered Friendships, rose reproachfully in the stillness and changed horrible apprehensions into unspeakable remorse. Last night had been their customary night for the banjo, and Kipps, with a certain tremulous uncertainty had put old Methuselah amidst a retinue of glasses on the table and opened a box of choice cigars. In vain. They were in no need, it seemed, of his society. But instead Chitterlow had come, anxious to know if it was all right about that syndicate plan. He had declined anything but a very weak whiskey and soda, "just to drink," at least until business was settled, and had then opened the whole affair with an effect of great orderliness to Kipps. Soon he was taking another whiskey by sheer inadvertency, and the complex fabric of his conversation was running more easily from the broad loom of his mind. Into that pattern

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CH. VI had interwoven a narrative of extensive alterations in the Pestered Butterfly—the neck and beetle business was to be restored—the story of a grave difference of opinion with Mrs. Chitterlow, where and how to live after the play had succeeded, the reasons why the Hon. Thomas Norgate had never financed a syndicate, and much matter also about the syndicate now under discussion. But if the current of their conversation had been vortical and crowded, the outcome was perfectly clear. Kipps was to be the chief participator in the syndicate, and his contribution was to be two thousand pounds. Kipps groaned and rolled over and found Helen, as it were, on the other side. "Promise me," she had said, "you won't do anything without consulting me."

Kipps at once rolled back to his former position, and for a space lay quite still. He felt like a very young rabbit in a trap.

Then suddenly, with extraordinary distinctness, his heart cried out for Ann, and he saw her as he had seen her at New Romney, sitting amidst the yellow sea poppies with the sunlight on her face. His heart called out for her in the darkness as one calls for rescue. He knew, as though he had known it always, that he loved Helen no more. He wanted Ann, he wanted to hold her and be held by her, to kiss her again and again, to turn his barkback [sic] forever on all these other things.…

He rose late, but this terrible discovery was still there, undispelled by cockcrow or the day. He rose

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306 in a shattered condition, and he cut himself while shaving, but at last he got into his dining-room and could pull the bell for the hot constituents of his multifarious breakfast. And then he turned to his letters. There were two real letters in addition to the customary electric belt advertisement, continental lottery circular and betting tout's card. One was in a slight mourning envelope and addressed in an unfamiliar hand. This he opened first and discovered a note:

With a hasty movement Kipps turned his mind to the second letter. It was an unusually long one from his Uncle, and ran as follows:

":

"We are considerably startled by your letter though expecting something of the sort and disposed to hope for the best. If the young lady is a relation to the Earl of Beauprés well and good but take care you are not being imposed upon for there are many who will be glad enough to snap you up now your

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CH. VI circumstances are altered—I waited on the old Earl once while in service and he was remarkably close with his tips and suffered from corns. A hasty old gent and hard to please—I daresay he has forgotten me altogether—and anyhow there is no need to rake up bygones. Tomorrow is bus day and as you say the young lady is living near by we shall shut up shop for there is really nothing doing now what with all the visitors bringing everything with them down to their very children's pails and say how de do to her and give her a bit of a kiss and encouragement if we think her suitable—she will be pleased to see your old uncle—We wish we could have had a look at her first but still there is not much mischief done and hoping that all will turn out well yet I am
 * "Your affectionate Uncle

"My heartburn still very bad. I shall bring over a few bits of rhubub I picked up, a sort you won't get in Folkestone and if possible a good bunch of flowers for the young lady."

"Comin' over to-day," said Kipps, standing helplessly with the letter in his hand.

"'Ow, the Juice?

"I carn't.

"Kiss 'er!"

"I carn't even face 'er!"

A terrible anticipation of that gathering framed inself [sic] in his mind—a hideous, impossible disaster.

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308 His voice went up to a note of despair, "And it's too late to telegrarf and stop 'em!"

About twenty minutes after this, an outporter in Castle Hill Avenue was accosted by a young man, with a pale, desperate face, an exquisitely rolled umbrella and a heavy Gladstone bag.

"Carry this to the station, will you?" said the young man. "I want to ketch the nex' train to London.… You'll 'ave to look sharp—I 'aven't very much time."

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 courteous, but also resolute and conscientious. He died, 4 May 1862, from the effects of a fall downstairs in his own house, No. 14 Trinity Square, Tower Hill. He left a widow and several children in straitened circumstances. His writings, besides those already noticed and contributions to medical and other journals, are:
 * 1) 'Remarks on Dr. Gilbert King's Report on the Fever at Boa Vista,' 1848.
 * 2) 'Exposition of the Case of the Assistant-Surgeons of the Royal Navy,' 3rd edit. 1850.
 * 3) 'Further Observations on that portion of Second Report on Quarantine by General Board of Health which relates to Yellow Fever Epidemic on board H.M.S. Eclair, and at Boa Vista,' 1852.
 * 4) 'On the Health of Merchant Seamen' (reprinted from 'Transactions of Social Science Association,' 1862).

 MADAN, MARTIN (1726–1790), author of ‘Thelyphthora,’ born in 1726, was the elder son of Colonel Martin Madan, M.P., of Hertingfordbury, and Judith, daughter of Judge Spencer Cowper, aunt of the poet Cowper, and herself a writer of verses. [q. v.] was Martin's younger brother. Educated at Westminster School, he, on 9 Feb. 1742–3, matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford, graduating B.A. on 9 Nov. 1746. In 1748 he was called to the bar, and while in London became a member of a recklessly convivial club (see Notes and Queries, 7th ser. ii. 123, 14 Aug. 1886). It is related (Life of the Countess of Huntingdon, chap. x.) that he was commissioned by the club to attend Wesley's preaching in order that his manner and discourse might be caricatured for the entertainment of the company. But the sermon, on the text ‘Prepare to meet thy God,’ impressed Madan so deeply that when he returned to the club and was asked whether he had ‘taken the Old Methodist off,’ he replied, ‘No, gentlemen, but he has taken me off,’ and, at once abandoning his former associates, ‘from being of a very gay and volatile turn, [he] took orders’ (Brit. Mus. Add. MS. 5832, fol. 84, a paper by William Cole, 1760). The same authorities state that the change was confirmed by his friendship with two methodist clergymen, (1735–1810) [q. v.] and [q. v.] Owing to his new methodist views he had difficulty in obtaining ordination, but Lady Huntingdon's personal efforts on his behalf were successful. Some curiosity was aroused in London to hear the ‘lawyer turned divine,’ even at his first sermon, preached at Allhallows, Lombard Street, 1750; and when appointed chaplain to the Lock Hospital, near Hyde Park Corner, his preaching, which at first took place in the parlour of the institution, rapidly acquired such reputation that a new chapel was built for him in the hospital, and opened on 28 March 1762. In 1760 he issued the first edition of the popular ‘Collection of Psalms and Hymns,’ which was sold at the hospital; and to his pen we are indebted for parts of the modern forms of ‘Lo, He comes,’ and ‘Hark, the herald angels sing.’ From 1750 Madan was in close connection with Lady Huntingdon, and from about 1756 in correspondence with John Wesley. At various times between 1750 and 1780 he is mentioned as ‘itinerating’ and preaching as a Calvinistic methodist at London, Bristol, Brighton (where he preached at the opening of the first chapel in 1761 and at its enlargement in 1767), Oathall, Everton and the neighbourhood, Lewes, Cheltenham, Tunbridge Wells (from 1763), Bath (from 1765), Norwich, Painswick, and other places. He was commonly known at this time as the ‘Counsellor’ (an allusion to his legal training), and is described as being tall in stature, and of a robust constitution, and as so devoted to music that every year an oratorio was performed at the Lock chapel, on which occasions Lady Huntingdon and Charles Wesley were often present. His preaching was both popular and impressive, but free from the extravagances which marked many of the early methodists. In 1768 he was stigmatised by the new Wesleyans as one of the ‘genteel methodists’ of Lady Huntingdon's connexion. His intercourse with his first cousin, Cowper, the poet, was slight, but about 1763, at a time when the latter was greatly depressed in mind, they conversed on religious subjects. Calvinism, however, made too many preliminary claims of belief as a basis of the hope of salvation for Cowper to profit by the interviews. When ‘Thelyphthora’ was published, Cowper prepared, anonymously, his first separate publication, to ridicule the author.

In 1767 Madan's conduct in the matter of the rectory of Aldwinkle in Northamptonshire was the subject of much public dispute. The patron, Mr. J. Kimpton, had wished in 1764 to sell the advowson of the living, which was on the point of becoming vacant, but failing to negotiate a sale he presented a person recommended by Madan, [q. v.], an assistant-chaplain at the Lock Hospital. After three years,


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Rh when in very reduced circumstances, he obtained an offer of 1,000l. for the advowson, and at once tried to induce Thomas Haweis [q. v.] to resign, declaring that he had been presented with some such reservation. Haweis, fortified by Madan's advice, refused to do so. An acrimonious attack was, in consequence, made on Madan, and accusations of simony, methodist principles, and misrepresentation were freely bandied about. In the end Lady Huntingdon herself purchased the advowson from Kimpton for 1,000l. on 8 March 1768, and Haweis continued vicar. A qualified apology, which Lady Huntingdon wished Madan to make, was rejected by the latter, and not insisted on, and that his conduct in this matter did not forfeit the confidence of his friends may be gathered from the action of Lord Apsley, afterwards Lord Bathurst [q. v.], in appointing him soon after his domestic chaplain, but Lady Huntingdon and others certainly considered that he held to a narrow and legal view of the circumstances, in opposition to considerations of equity.

In 1780 Madan published a work entitled ‘Thelyphthora,’ in which he advocated polygamy, taking his stand on the Mosaic law, and elaborately arguing that it is in accordance with Christianity, properly understood. These principles, it may be noted, are said to have been previously held by Lord-chancellor Cowper, Madan's great-uncle, and by Westley Hall [q. v.], brother-in-law of John Wesley. Even before the appearance of the book Lady Huntingdon expressed to the author her readiness to send him a petition against it signed by three thousand persons, and when it was actually published it raised a storm of indignation, criticism, and opposition. Madan consequently resigned his chaplaincy of the Lock Hospital, and retired into private life at Epsom. He occupied his leisure in translating Juvenal and Persius, and other literary and theological work, and on 2 May 1790 died at Epsom, at the age of sixty-four, and was buried at Kensington.

In 1751 Madan married Jane (d. 15 June 1794 at Epsom), daughter of Sir Bernard Hale [q. v.], by whom he had two sons, Martin, of Bushey, Hertfordshire (d. 1809), and William (d. 1769), and three daughters, Sarah, Anna, and Maria. He was possessed of private means, and, after his father's death in 1756, of a considerable fortune. Activity, zeal, gentleness of temper, love of study, always distinguished him, and the directness and earnestness of his sermons, rather than rhetorical display, attracted the crowds who thronged the rooms of the hospital. The obloquy heaped on him in 1767 and 1780 did not sour his mind, but diverted it to quieter pursuits. No impartial reader of the two controversies can fail to acquit him of the charges of insincerity and of self-seeking.

The following is believed to be a complete list of his publications, anonymous books being distinguished by an asterisk: 1. *‘Seasonable Animadversions upon the Rev. Mr. Forster's Sermon (on John iii. 7). By a Member of the Church of England,’ London, 1759. 2. ‘A Collection of Psalms and Hymns extracted … and published by the Reverend Mr. Madan,’ London, 1760 (2nd edit. 1763, 4th 1765, 5th 1767, 6th 1769, 7th 1771, 8th 1774, 11th 1788, 12th 1787 (sic), 13th 1794). 3. ‘Justification by Works … a Sermon on James ii. 24, at St. Vedast's, Foster Lane, 8 Feb. 1761,’ London, 1761 (an Oxford University sermon on James ii. 14, by John Allen, preached and printed in 1761, contains strictures on the above sermon). 4. ‘A Treatise on Christian Faith, by H. Wits, translated by the Rev. Mr. Madan,’ London, 1761. 5. ‘Every Man our Neighbour, a Sermon on Luke x. 29, at the Opening of the Chapel of the Lock Hospital, 28 March 1762,’ London (1762). 6. ‘A Funeral Sermon on the Death of the Rev. Mr. Thomas Jones, by the Reverend Mr. Madan,’ London (1762). 7. ‘An Answer to the Capital Errors in the Writings of the Rev. William Law,’ London, 1763. 8. *‘A Scriptural Account of the Doctrine of Perfection, by a Professor of Christianity,’ London, 1763. 9. ‘An Account of the Death of F. S., a Converted Prostitute,’ London, reprinted at Boston in 1763. 10. ‘Justification in Christ's Name, by Bishop Andrewes, republished by Mr. Madan,’ London, 1765. 11. ‘An Answer to a Faithful Narrative of Facts relative to the late Presentation of Mr. H——s to the Rectory of Al—w—le,’ London, 1767 [occasioned by John Kimpton's ‘Faithful Narrative,’ 1767, and followed by *‘Strictures upon Modern Simony,’ 1767; *‘Remarks on the Answer by a Bystander,’ 1767; *‘Aldwinckle. A Candid Examination,’ 1767; ‘A Letter to the Rev. Mr. Madan, by M. Fleetwood,’ 1767; ‘An Exact Copy of an Epistolary Correspondence between the Rev. Mr. M—and S—B—(Brewer),’ 1768; ‘A Supplement, or the Second Part of an Epistolary Correspondence,’ 1768]. 12. ‘A Compassionate Address to the Christian World … for the use of the Lock Hospital,’ London, 1767. 13. *‘Elegy occasioned by the Loss of my sweet William’ (his son, d. 1769). 14. ‘A Conversation between Richard Hill, Mr. Madan, and Father Walsh … relative to … John Wesley,’ London, 1771, 1772. 15. ‘A Scriptural Comment on the Thirty-nine Articles,’ London, 1772


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Rh (2nd edit. same year: answered by *‘Real Scriptural Predestination … by Philadelphos,’ 1772). 16. ‘The Book of Martyrs, by John Fox, now revis'd by the Rev. Mr. Madan,’ London, 1776. 17. ‘A Sermon (on 2 Cor. viii. 9) for the Benefit of the Lock-Hospital, 25 Feb. 1777,’ London, 1777. 18. ‘Thelyphthora, or a Treatise on Female Ruin,’ 2 vols., London, 1780 (2nd edit. enlarged, 2 vols., London, 1781), vol. iii., London, 1781; in Dutch, Amsterdam, 1782. Besides many articles in magazines, notably some by Samuel Badcock in the ‘Monthly Review,’ the following works were occasioned by the foregoing book: *‘A Letter to the Rev. Mr. Madan, by a Layman,’ 1780; ‘Polygamy Indefensible, two Sermons by John Smith of Nantwich,’ 1780; ‘Polygamy Unscriptural, or two Dialogues, by John Towers,’ 1780 (2nd edit. 1781); ‘The Unlawfulness of Polygamy evinced, by H. W.,’ 1780; *‘An Heroic Epistle to the Rev. Martin M—d—n,’ 1780; ‘Whispers for the Ear of the Author of “Thelyphthora,” by E. B. Greene,’ 1781; ‘A Scriptural Refutation of the Arguments for Polygamy, by T. Haweis,’ 1781; ‘The Blessings of Polygamy displayed, by (Sir) Richard Hill,’ 1781; ‘The Cobler's Letter to the Author of Thelyphthora, by (Sir) R. Hill,’ 1781; ‘Remarks on Polygamy, by T. Wills,’ 1781 (written at the request of Lady Huntingdon); *‘Anti-Thelyphthora, a Tale in Verse’ (by William Cowper), 1781, &c.; *‘A Word to Mr. Madan’ (by Henry Moore), 1781 (2nd edit. same year); *‘A Poetical Epistle to the Reverend Mr. Madan,’ 1781; ‘An Examination of Thelyphthora, by John Palmer,’ 1781; ‘Remarks on Thelyphthora by James Penn’ (1781); ‘Thelyphthora, a Farce, by Frederick Pilon,’ 1781 (not printed); *‘Political Priest, a Satire, dedicated to a Reverend Polygamist,’ 1781; ‘Thoughts on Polygamy, by J. Cookson,’ 1782; *‘Polygamy, or Mahomet the Prophet to Madan the Evangelist, an Heroic Poem’ (in ‘Originals and Collections’). The author's only replies were: 19. ‘Letters on “Thelyphthora” by the Author,’ 1782; and 20. ‘Five Letters addressed to Abraham Rees, Editor of Chambers's Cyclopedia’ (on a notice of ‘Thelyphthora’), London, 1783. 21. ‘Poemata, partim reddita, partim scripta,’ 1784. 22. *‘Thoughts on Executive Justice,’ London, 1785 [2nd edit. same year; it occasioned (Sir Samuel Romilly's) *‘Observations on “Thoughts on Executive Justice,”’ London, 1786]. 23. ‘Letters to Joseph Priestley,’ London, 1787. 24. ‘A New and Literal Translation of Juvenal and Persius, with copious Explanatory Notes, by the Rev. M. Madan,’ 2 vols., London, 1789 [also, with or without the Latin text, Oxford, 1807; Dublin, 1813; London, 1822; Oxford, 1839; (Persius only) Dublin, 1795, &c.].

There are engravings of Madan in the ‘Gospel Magazine,’ 1774, and by R. Manwaring.

 MADAN, SPENCER (1729–1813), bishop successively of Bristol and Peterborough. younger brother of Martin Madan [q. v.] Born in 1729, he was sent to Westminster School in 1742, whence in 1746 he passed to Trinity College, Cambridge. In 1749 he graduated B.A. as third wrangler, M.A. 1753, D.D. 1756. He was at first intended for the bar, like his elder brother, but shortly after took holy orders. In 1753 he was elected to a fellowship at his college, but after short residence became vicar of Haxhay with the rectory of West Halton, both in Lincolnshire. In 1761 he was appointed chaplain in ordinary to the king, a position which he held till 1787, being also from 1770 to 1794 prebendary of Peterborough, and at the same time rector of Castor in Northamptonshire. In 1776 he was appointed to the sinecure rectory of Ashley in Berkshire, and in 1793 was promoted to the see of Bristol, where he was consecrated bishop on 3 June. Early in 1794, on the death of John Hinchliffe [q. v.], he was translated to Peterborough, where he remained till his death, at the age of eighty-four, on 8 Nov. 1811. He was buried in Peterborough Cathedal, and his tomb bears the well-known lines:

In sacred sleep the pious bishop lies: Say not in death—a good man never dies.

Madan was distinguished from his Cambridge days to the end of his life by simple and even austere habits. It was his custom to rise early and light his own fire, in order to pursue the study of the Scriptures in the original Hebrew and Greek, before the general work of the day began. It is recorded by those who knew him personally that he was a man of unobtrusive and primitive piety, passionately fond of music, and deeply read


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Madan, Martin