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Rh He has his foibles; so has the Baron. Both gentlemen have been known to tarry over the wine-cup or the punch-bowl at the Rochester inn, or in the change-house of Tully Veolan. The amount of alcoholic beverages consumed in Pickwick is undeniably startling. That our grandfathers were so often drunk is incredible, but convivial intoxication was still regarded as a thing humorous in itself, as it obviously was by Burns and his contemporaries. That we have reached a more civilised view is owing chiefly, perhaps, to cigarettes; partly to the Temperance movement, of which, as exhibited in Brick Lane, Dickens was not an admirer. His nature was convivial, not intemperate, and his eternal punch and brandy and water ("hot," "cold without," or "luke") is a mere symbol of conviviality. The intoxication is a phrase, a tradition of mistaken humour, handed on from the hard drinkers of the eighteenth century. It is, besides, a mechanial device for getting Mr. Pickwick into otherwise impossible quandaries. The great man himself is a study of the humours of mastership and discipleship. He reminds us now of Socrates, now of Dr. Johnson (who at one time, like Socrates, could take his liquor like a hero); now, if one may say so, of the late Master of Balliol. Wise in counsel (as to Mr. Peter Magnus) even in matters on which he had only reflected as a disinterested student of life, Mr. Pickwick can administer a firm snub on occasion. Yet (as in the adventure of the Girls' School) Mr. Pickwick's warmth of heart overcomes the dictates of his speculative reason. Where he sees wrong, or distress, or meanness, Mr. Pickwick has the prompt feelings of a child—is "as one of these." About his early experiences we are left in doubt. Had Mr. Pickwick loved? It is natural to believe it, but he had never proposed—"never!" His heart, however bruised, was neither broken nor embittered. Thus, in the


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488 CHAPTER XXVIII. "The newly married couple had retired from the scene."

There was, it seems, no wedding tour; and manners, so far, in Mr. Wardle's station, were what they had been when the Bride of Lammermuir was bedded. Mrs. Trundle, by an oversight, is spoken of as the daughter of the Old Lady.

It is an inevitable reflection that the Goblins and Gabriel Grub are a Dickens Christmas Book in embryo. Punch, philanthropy, and a fantastic supernaturalism are all in the blend.

PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, LIMITED, LONDON AND BECCLES.


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Rh "Bill Stumps His Mark."

Modern archæologists are not always wiser than Mr. Pickwick or Monkbarns with his A.D.L.L. The Bath inscription on a leaden plate has been read in ways infinitely funny. The Brough Stone was de ciphered as Runic, before it was discovered to be Greek; and, even after that discovery, part of it was interpreted, "Oh, Boy, none regretted thee more than they who prematurely buried thee!" as if a natural mistake had been made in the case of the Fat Boy.

The Election.

The Corrupt Practice Bill has taken a good deal of fun out of elections. Bribery is now collective: constituencies are "nursed;" and candidates, in place of standing drinks at their own expense, promise to enrich the voters at the expense of other people. "Progress," in this direction, is very gratifying.

The Ghost.

Dickens's attitude towards what are generally known as "ghosts" was much like Sir Walter Scott's, as described by Lockhart. He was interested, and, like Scott, he probably did not care to lay down any hard-and-fast line, beyond which he would not go. There are curious anecdotes in Mr. Forster's Life of Dickens (vol. ii. 286; the Charles Dickens Edition). Thus, in All the Year Round, No. 125, Dickens published Mr. Heaphy's ghost story, as related by Lord Lytton. Mr. Heaphy then sent in his own version (compare No. 125 and No. 127). Dickens had inserted a date at random in the first version, namely, September 13th, and though Mr. Heaphy had never told the date of his adventure, Dickens had hit on it. By a similar coincidence, he "spotted" on the card the winners of the first three races at a Doncaster meeting (Op. cit. ii. 138), knowing nothing of the merits of the horses. He also records a pre-cognitive dream of a lady in a red shawl, who called herself " Miss Napier." Next day he was introduced to her, red shawl and all. "But for the strong restraining power of his common sense, he might have fallen into the follies of spiritualism," says Mr. Forster. Dickens, of course, was contemporary with the enigmatic David Dunglas Home, whose spiritualistic theory is difficile à croire, but whose performances are not easy to explain. In its proper place, a curious unpublished anecdote of a Dickensian ghost will be given.

"The Marquis of Granby."

The most interesting account of this hero's prowess is in Mr. Carlyle's Frederick the Great, in the description of the Battle of Minden. As Lord George Sackville, the marquis's superior in command, declined to order and lead a cavalry charge, the marquis's conduct shone by comparison. In Scotland, after Culloden, the name of Sackville was reckoned only too appropriate.


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486

"Can you one?" That is, "Have you an honour?" Mr. Pickwick was playing Long Whist, a pastime suited to the Age of Leisure.

The Cricket Match.

Dickens knew nothing of cricket. One bowler cannot be chosen to bowl against Dumkins, while another "is selected to do the same kind office for the hitherto unconquered Podder." Podder could hardly be like that member of the M.C.C. in the Straits Settlements, about whom a friend wrote home, "He has never been out since he came to the Colony."

The leap-frog attitude in fielding has long been abandoned, if it ever was practised, but old cricketers remember the bowler's application of the ball to his eye: the bowling, of course, was fast underhand. Luffey opened with a straght full-pitch not a good beginning. Why Podder "missed the bad ones" is a mystery; also, why he hit the good ones "to all parts of the field." As to Dingley Dell giving in "at an early period of the winning game," this perhaps means, if its means anything, that Muggleton won by seven or eight wickets.

Single wicket matches, like that of Mr. Jungle and Sir Thomas Blazo, have long been obsolete, but of old were freely betted upon. Only one umpire, of course, is stationed behind the wicket the bowler's wicket. Buss's original design shows a bat, eccentric even among the heavy bats of our ancestors. It is curious that a young man, and a close observer like Dickens, had so entirely failed to observe Miss Mitford's favourite game.

"The White Hart."

This old sign was borrowed from the cognizance of Richard II.

The amiable Mr. Warren, of boot-blacking renown. The famous Warren was Robert, in 30, Strand. Dickens, as a boy, was in the service of Jonathan Warren, 30, Hungerford Stairs, Strand, or rather in that of James Lamert, who bought the business.

"George Barnwell."

Now best known from Thackeray's burlesque of Bulwer Lytton.

"Belle Sauvage."

Doubtless named after the famous Pocahontas.

"An ancient nail."

Cobham Hall, the seat of the Earl of Darnley. The wooden châlet, in which Dickens used to write, is extant in the grounds. The Leather Bottle is still a very picturesque old change-house, and the church contains gauntlets of the Middle Ages.


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Author talk:David Maldwyn Ellis

Biographical sources
- AdamBMorgan (talk) 00:23, 2 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Hamilton College memorial tribute

title: Author talk:David Maldwyn Ellis


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User talk:Sky285011243

Wikisource is not a place for copyrighted works. Please don't upload works from the web here without ascertaining that they are free of copyright first.--Prosfilaes (talk) 00:38, 2 April 2012 (UTC)

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84 "Here we are at last!" said Werner, gay and curious, when the vehicle stopped; and he leaped lightly to the ground. Not so with Yanson, who resisted, without saying a word, very lazily it seemed, and who refused to descend. He clung to the handle of the door; the gendarme loosened his weak fingers, and grasped his arm. Ivan caught at the corner, at the door, at the high wheel, but yielded at every intervention of the gendarme. He adhered to things rather than gripped them. And it was not necessary to use much force to loosen his grasp. In short, they prevailed over him.

As always at night, the station was dark, deserted, and inanimate. The passenger trains had already passed, and for the train that was waiting on the track for the prisoners there was no need of light or activity. Werner was seized with ennui. He was not afraid, he was not in distress, but he was bored; an immense, heavy, fatiguing ennui filled him with a desire to go away no matter where, lie down, and close his eyes. He stretched himself, and yawned repeatedly.

"If only they did these things more quickly!" said he, wearily.

Yanson said nothing, and shuddered.

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Rh understood only the word "lamp"; the rest of the phrase was lost in a weary and prolonged yawn.

"What did you say?" asked Werner, yawning also.

"The reflector . . . the lamp of the reflector is smoking," said Sergey.

Werner turned around. It was true; the glass shades were already black.

"Yes, it is smoking!"

Suddenly he thought: "What matters it to me whether the lamp is smoking, when . . .?" Sergey undoubtedly had the same idea. He threw a quick glance at Werner, and turned away his head. But both stopped yawning.

All walked to the train without difficulty; Yanson alone had to be led. At first he stiffened his legs, and glued the soles of his feet to the platform; then he bent his knees. The entire weight of his body fell upon the arms of the policemen; his legs dragged like those of a drunken man; and the toes of his boots ground against the wooden platform. With a thousand difficulties, but in silence, they lifted him into the railway-carriage.

Vasily Kashirin himself walked unsupported; unconsciously he imitated the movements of his comrades. After mounting the steps of the carriage, he drew back; a policeman took him by the elbow to sustain him. Then Vasily began to tremble violently and uttered a piercing cry, pushing away the policeman!

"Aie!"

"Vasily, what is the matter with you?" asked Werner rushing toward him.


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86 Vasily kept silence, shivering the while. The policeman, vexed and even chagrined, explained:

"I wanted to sustain him, and he—he . . ."

"Come, Vasily, I will sustain you," said Werner.

He tried to take his comrade's arm. But the latter repulsed him, and cried louder than ever.

"Vasily, it is I, Werner!"

"I know! Don't touch me! I want to walk alone!"

And, still trembling, he entered the carriage and sat down in a corner. Werner leaned toward Musya, and asked in a low voice, designating Vasily with his eyes:

"Well, how are things with him?"

"Badly!" answered Musya, in a whisper. "He is already dead. Tell me, Werner, does death really exist?"

"I don't know, Musya; but I think not!" answered Werner in a serious and thoughtful tone.

"That is what I thought! And he? I suffered on his account during the whole ride; it seemed to me that I was travelling beside a dead man."

"I don't know, Musya. Perhaps death still exists for some. Later it will not exist at all. For me, for instance, death has existed, but now it exists no more."

The slightly pallid cheeks of Musya reddened.

"It has existed for you, Werner? For you?"

"Yes, but no more. As for you!"

They heard a sound at the door of the railway carriage; Michka the Tzigane entered spitting, breathing noisily, and making a racket with his boot-heels. He glanced about him, and stopped short.


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 MALTBY, WILLIAM (1763–1854), bibliographer, born in London on 17 Jan. 1763, was youngest of the ten children of Brough Maltby, a wholesale draper, of Mansion House Street. Edward Maltby [q. v.], the bishop of Durham, was his cousin. He was educated under the Rev. James Pickbourne at Hackney, and there formed a life-long acquaintance with Samuel Rogers, a fellow-pupil. He was the youthful companion of Rogers in his assault upon Dr. Johnson's knocker in Bolt Court, and shared his terror-stricken flight before the great man's door could he opened. He proceeded to Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, but, being a dissenter, did not take a degree. He practised law as a solicitor for several years in connection with his elder brother, Rowland Maltby, formerly clerk to the Fishmongers' Company. On 23 June 1787 he was called to the bar at Gray's Inn. His tastes were, however, literary, and on the death of Professor Porson in 1808 he succeeded him as principal librarian of the London Institution on 1 Feb. 1809. Here he was the means of making large additions to the library, more especially in the bibliographical department. He had an extraordinary memory, knowledge of books, and facility of quotation from classical and English literature. He twice superintended the removal of the books and twice directed their rearrangement — in 1811 from Sir Robert Clayton's house in the Old Jewry to King's Arms Yard, Coleman Street, and in 1818 to 11 Finsbury Circus. He assisted in the compilation of the original catalogue, as well as in the first volume of a new edition. In 1834 he was superannuated from active duty, but was allowed the use of his apartments. He died at the London Institution on 5 Jan. 1854, and was buried at Norwood cemetery, where a tablet was erected to his memory by his old friend Rogers. Maltby contributed to 'Recollections of the Table Talk of Samuel Rogers,' by the Rev. A. Dyce, 1866, an appendix entitled 'Porsoniana,' pp. 295–334.


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 was powerfully impressed, and became a quaker. On 6 May 1662 he married Hannah, daughter of Edward Prince, ironmonger, of Bristol. She also became a zealous quaker, and in 1664 they were both committed to prison for attending quaker meetings (, i. 51).

Marshall is variously styled 'chymist,' 'apothocary,' and 'medical practitioner.' Croese calls him a 'noted physician.' About 1668 he settled at Tytherton, Wiltshire, and published about 1681 'A Plain and Candid of the Nature, Uses, and Doses of experienced. Medicines. Truly prepared by U. M. To which is added some General Rules to Preserve Health. Published for the good of mankind.' A curious letter, dated Bristol, 3 Oct. 1681, in recommendation of certain medicines prepared by him, beginning 'Dear Friends all unto whom these may come,' and subscribed by Richard Snead and others, with a few lines by William Penn [q.v.], and a further recommendation from Friends of London, was printed as a broadside in 1681.

In 1670 Marshall says (Journal) he 'faithfully gave up liberty, estate, and relations,' mail commenced preaching. In August that Tear, while at prayer in a meeting at Claverham, Somerset, he was violently dragged by the justices through the gallery-rail and much injured. He was also fined 2l. a month for non-attendance at church. He 'received a commission to travel through the nation,' and between September 1670 and October 1672 he held four hundred meetings. He returned home only on two occasions. On one he lay ill and his life was despaired of for two months, on the other a favourite child died.

After his return to Bristol, Marshall worked hard to counteract the divisions made by John Story [q. v.] and John Wilkinson, who had called the new discipline of the society forms and idols. He took part with Fox in a great meeting at Bristol in 1677 at the house of Rogers, another separatist. He lost much property by distraints for tithes, and in 1682 was prosecuted by Townshend, vicar of Tytherton, and committed to the Fleet, where he remained two years. He wrote while there 'A Tender Visitation in the Love of God to towns and villages,' London, 1684. When released, Marshall settled in Winchester Street, London, and continued his labours. His last journey was to Bristol at the being of 1698. On his return he fell ill, and was moved to the house of John Padley, 'near the river-side' (Southwark), where, after four months, he died of consumption, 15 Nov. 1698. He was buried in Bunhill Fields.

Besides the children who died young, he left two sons. To Beulah, the elder, he bequeathed the proceeds of his medicines in Bristol and his estates in Pennsylvania; to Charles, his shares of mines in Cumberland; his property at Tytherton and Bromhill to his wife. Two of his daughters were married before his death.

Marshall is described as a man of meekness and charity, a promoter of peace and healer of discords, whose practice agreed with his preaching. He gave medical treatment to the poor for nothing.

Marshall chiefly wrote epistles. Twenty-six are included in his 'Works,' published under the title of 'Sion's Travellers comforted,' London, 1704, with preface by Penn, and testimonies by his wife and other friends. It contains, besides his Journal, 'The Way of Life revealed, and the Way of Death discovered,' Bristol, 1674, reprinted three times, and translated into Welsh by J. Lewis, Carmarthen, 1773; 'A Message to the People inhabiting Upper and Nether Germany,' translated by Benjamin Furly [q. v.] into Dutch, Rotterdam, 1674, another translation, 1675; and 'The Trumpet of the Lord,' 1675. Marshall's Journal was republished in the 'Friends' Library' (vol. iv.), Philadelphia, 1837. &c. It was also edited by Thomas Chalk, London, 1844. A sermon reached by Marshall at Gracechurch Street, 11 March 1693, and taken down in shorthand, is printed in 'The Concurrence and Unanimity of the People called Quakers,' London, 1694.

 MARSHALL, CHARLES (1806–1890), scene-painter, son of Nathan and Mary Marshall, was born on 31 Dec. 1806. He studied oil painting under John Wilson, and at the age of eighteen received a gold medal from the Society of Arts. He became a pupil of Marinari, the architectural scenic artist at Drury Lane Theatre, and subsequently developed into one of the most prominent and most successful scene-painters of the day. Marshall was employed by Elliston and by Osbaldiston at the Surrey Theatre, and by many other managers of theatres; but his chief successes were under the management of Macready at Covent Garden and Drury


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 was confirmed in the rank 13 June 1815. This was his last service afloat. In 1816 he left England, with his old messmate in the Narcissus, [q. v.], on what proved to be a lengthened tour on the continent, and extended to Egypt, Syria, and Asia Minor, Their descriptive letters were privately printed in 1823, and were published as a volume of Murray's 'Home and Colonial Library' in 1844. Mangles was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1825, and in 1830 was one of the first fellows and members of council of the Royal Geographical Society. He was also the author of 'The Floral Calendar,' 1839, 12mo, a little book urging the beauty and possibility of window and town gardening; 'Synopsis of a Complete Dictionary ... of the Illustrated Geographically and Hydrography of England and Wales, Scotland and Ireland,' 1848, 12mo; 'Papers and Despatches relating to the Arctic Searching Expeditions of 1850-1-2,' 1852, 8vo; and 'The Thames Estuary, a Guide to the Navigation of the Thames Mouth,' 1853, 4to. He died at Fairfield, Exeter, on 18 Nov. 1867, aged 81.

MANGNALL, RICHMAL (1709–1820), schoolmistress, daughter of James Mangnall of Hollinhurst, Lancashire, and London, and Mary, daughter of John Kay of Manchester, was born on 7 March 1769, probably at Manchester, but the evidence on this point is inconclusive. On the death of her parents she was adopted by her uncle, John Kay, solicitor, of Manchester, and was educated at Mrs. Wilson's school at Crofton Hall, near Wakefield, Yorkshire, She remained there as a teacher, and eventually, on the retirement of Mrs. Wilson, took the school into her own hands, conducting it most successfully until her death on 1 May 1820. She was buried in Crofton churchyard.

Her 'Historical and Miscellaneous Questions for the use of Young People' was first published anonymously at Stockport in 1800, but she afterwards sold the copyright for a hundred guineas to Longmans, who for many years issued edition after edition of the book. It has also been published by different firms down to the present time, with additions and alterations by Cobbin, Pinnock, Wright, Guy, and others. Miss Mangnall also wrote a 'Compendium of Geography' in 1816, of which a second edition was published in 1832, and a third in 1829; and 'Half an Hour's Lounge, or Poems' (Stockport, 1805, 12mo, pp. 80). Her portrait in oils still exists, and an engraving of it appears in some modern editions of the 'Questions' ( in Journal of Education, 1889).

MANING, FREDERICK EDWARD (1812–1883), the Pākĕhā Maori, born 5 July 1813, was son of Frederick Maning of Johnville, co. Dublin, and grandson of Archibald Maning, a wealthy Dublin citizen. His father emigrated in 1824 to Van Diemen's Land. In 1833, attracted by love of adventure, Maning went off on a small trading schooner to New Zealand, which was not a British colony until 1841, and was then hardly open even to traders, though he found one or two other white men before him. His great stature, strength, and audacity, combined with good humour and vivacity, won the hearts of the Maoris, who soon installed him as a Pākĕhā Maori, i.e. to all intents a naturalised stranger. He acquired land of the Ngapuhi tribe at Hokianga, and settled at Onaki, where he won the entire confidence of the natives. He married a Maori wife and adopted to a great extent the customs of the tribe, seeking, however, to set an example of greater humanity. He was thus enabled to render considerable services to both sides in the wars of 1845 and 1861.

On 15 Nov. 1866, when the native lands court was established for settling questions regarding the title of lands as between Maoris under their own customs and traditions, Maning was appointed one of the judges, and took a prominent part in the proceedings of the court. Many of his judgments give a graphic account of the customs of the Maoris.

In 1881 he was compelled by painful disease to relinquish his judicial duties, and returned to Great Britain in the hope of a cure, but died in London 25 July 1883. His body was by his own desire taken out to New Zealand for burial. His bust stands over the door of the Institute Library at Auckland.

Maning was the author of:
 * 1) 'Old New Zealand,' the best extant record of Maori life, 2nd edit. 1863.
 * 2) 'The History of the War in the North with Heke in 1845.' Both were republished in 1876. with a preface by the Earl of Pembroke.

MANINI, ANTONY (1750–1786), violinist, belonged, it has been conjectured, to the Norfolk family of Mann, and italianised


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90 likely to perish of starvation and exposure. Your line of march can be traced by the lurid light of burning houses, and in more than one household there is an agony far more bitter than death.

"The Indian scalped his victim, regardless of age or sex, but with all his barbarity, he always respected the person of his female captives. Your soldiers, more savage than the Indian, insult those whose natural protectors are absent."

3 Great Civil War, 601.

But whilst no one will dispute the fact that Sherman has a clear title to the distinction we have accorded him in this report, yet, unfortunately for the people of the South, he had other willing and efficient aids in his work of devastation, destruction and vandalism; and we must now take up, for a time, the work of his "close second," General Philip H. Sheridan. This officer is reputed to have said that the true principles for conducting war are—

"First. Deal as hard blows to the enemy's soldiers as possible, and then cause so much suffering to the inhabitants of the country that they will long for peace and press their government to make it." "Nothing" (he says) "should he left to the people but eyes to lament the war."

He certainly acted on the last of these principles in his dealings with the people of the beautiful Valley of Virginia, which by his vandalism was converted from one of the most fertile and beautiful portions of our land, into a veritable "valley of the shadow of death." He actually boasted that he had so desolated it, that "a crow flying over would have to carry his own rations."

In Sheridan's letter to Grant, dated Woodstock, October 7, 1864, he says of his work:

"In moving back to this point the whole country, from the Blue Ridge to the North Mountain, has been made untenable for the rebel army.

"I have destroyed over 3,000 barns filled with wheat and hay and farming implements; over 70 mills filled with flour and wheat; have driven in front of the army over 4,000 head of stock, and have


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 Rh killed and issued to the troops not less than 3,000 sheep. This destruction embraces the Luray Valley and Little Fort Valley, as well as the main valley.

"A large number of horses have been obtained, a proper estimate of which I cannot now make.

"Lieutenant John R. Meigs, my engineer officer, was murdered beyond Harrisonburg, near Dayton. For this atrocious act all the houses within an area of five miles were burned."

It is not generally known, we believe, that this policy of devastation on the part of Sheridan was directly inspired and ordered by General Grant, who, in his Memoirs, writes with great satisfaction and levity of the outrages committed by Sherman, before referred to, and which he, of course, understood would be committed, from the terms of Sherman's telegram to him, and which he, at the least, asquiesced in.

On the 5th of August, 1864, he (Grant) wrote to General David Hunter, who preceded Sheridan in command of the Valley, as follows, viz.:

"In pushing up the Shenandoah Valley, where it is expected you will have to go first or last, it is desirable that nothing should he left to invite the enemy to return. Take all provisions, forage and stock wanted for the use of your command; such as cannot be consumed destroy." * *

And says Mr. Horace Greely:

"This order, Sheridan, in returning down the Valley, executed to the letter. Whatever of grain and forage had escaped appropriation by one or another of the armies which had so frequently chased each other up and down this narrow but fertile and productive vale, was now given to the torch."

2 Am. Conflict, 610-11. 2 Grant's Memoirs, 581, 364-5.

The facts about the alleged murder of Lieutenant Meigs, for which Sheridan says he burned all the houses in an area of five miles, are these: Three of our cavalry scouts, in uniform, and with their arms, got within Sheridan's lines, and encountered Lieutenant Meigs, with two Federal soldiers. These parties came on each other suddenly. Meigs was ordered to surrender by one of


text: Spectropia

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  with regard to the health of the troops in the West Indies, laid before parliament in 1836, caused a complete revolution in the treatment of soldiers in Jamaica, which, till the appearance of the report, had been simply a military charnel-house. In 1847 he received the honorary title of Doctor in Medicine from the university of New York, the first instance in which the honour was conferred. He died at Edinburgh on 5 May 1851, after a long and painful illness. In 1832, when he was fifty-six years of age, he married Anne, eldest daughter of James Wingate of Westshiels, Roxburghshire.

Marshall, who was an indefatigable writer, was the first to prove the value of military medical statistics.

His works include: 1. ‘A Description of the Laurus Cinnamomum’ in ‘The Annals of Philosophy,’ 1817. 2. ‘Notes on the Medical Topography of the Interior of Ceylon,’ London, 1821, 8vo. 3. ‘Hints to young Medical Officers of the Army on the examination of Recruits and the Feigned Disabilities of Soldiers,’ London, 1828, 8vo. 4. ‘On the Enlisting, the Discharging, and the Pensioning of Soldiers,’ London, 1832, 8vo; 2nd edit. 1839. 5. ‘Military Miscellany; comprehending a History of the Recruiting of the Army …,’ London, 1846, 8vo. 6. ‘Ceylon. A General Description of the Island. … With an Historical Sketch of the Conquest of the Colony by the English,’ London, 1846, 12mo. 7. ‘Suggestions for the Advancement of Military Medical Literature,’ n.p., n.d. [1849], 8vo. In addition to these works Marshall contributed numerous papers to the ‘London Medical and Physical Journal,’ the ‘Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal,’ and the ‘United Service Journal.’

 MARSHALL, JAMES (1796–1855), divine, born at Rothesay, Bute, on 23 Feb. 1796, was son of a doctor, on whose death in 1806 the family removed to Paisley. James was educated at Paisley grammar school, and subsequently at the universities of both Glasgow and Edinburgh. On 2 Sept. 1818 he was licensed to preach by the presbytery of Glasgow, and after assisting his mother's friend, Dr. Robert Balfour, at the Outer High Church, Glasgow, succeeded to Balfour's charge at his death in 1819. In 1828 he was appointed by the Edinburgh town council to the Tolbooth Church, Edinburgh. Although for some years he generally sympathised with the opponents of the establishment in the controversy which led to the disruption, he disliked the extremities to which his party seemed to be committing itself, and ultimately, embracing episcopacy, which he had convinced himself was the only scriptural form of church government, he severed his connection with the Scottish church. He sent in his resignation to the presbytery of Edinburgh on 29 Sept. 1841, and, after being confirmed by the Bishop of Edinburgh, was ordained by the Bishop of Durham as curate to Canon Gilly at Norham (19 Dec.). He took priest's orders on 6 Feb. 1842, and was appointed to the rectory of St. Mary-le-Port, Bristol. In 1845 Marshall became secretary to the newly founded Lay Readers' Association, which he carried on with great vigour for many years. In May 1847 he was appointed by the Simeon trustees to the living of Christ Church, Clifton, which he held till his death. After three years' ill-health he died on 29 Aug. 1855 at his house, Vyvyan Terrace, Clifton, and was buried on 4 Sept. in the Clifton parish church burial-ground. He married in 1822 Catherine Mary, daughter of Legh Richmond, rector of Turvey, Bedfordshire.

Marshall was an effective preacher, and as a young man he attracted the favourable notice of Dr. Chalmers in that capacity. His calm demeanour in the pulpit strikingly contrasted with the vehemence commonly characteristic of the Scottish clergy.

Marshall published, besides sermons and addresses, ‘Inward Revival, or Motives and Hindrances to Advancement in Holiness,’ 8vo, Edinburgh, 1840, and ‘Early Piety illustrated in the Life and Death of a Young Parishioner,’ 12mo, both of which had a large circulation. He also edited the letters of his aunt, ‘the late Mrs. Isabella Graham of New York,’ London, 1839, 12mo. A copy is in the Edinburgh Advocates' Library.

 MARSHALL, JAMES (1829–1889), colonial judge, son of James Marshall, sometime vicar of Christ Church, Clifton, was born at Edinburgh on 19 Dec. 1829. He was prevented from entering the army by the loss of his right arm through a gun


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 . Graduating from Exeter College, Oxford, in 1854, he took holy orders almost immediately, and for two years held a curacy. In November 1857 he joined the church of Rome, and as his physical defect debarred him from being a priest, he became procurator and precentor in the church at Bayswater, a post for which his musical talent fitted him. Later he was for a time a private tutor, and in 1863 became classical master at Birmingham Oratory School, where he won the friendship of Cardinal Newman. In 1866 he was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn, and joined the northern circuit, eventually settling at Manchester. In May 1873 Marshall was appointed chief magistrate of the Gold Coast and assessor to the native chiefs. On the breaking out of the Ashanti war in 1874, he secured the chiefs' assent to the impressment of their tribesmen, and was of great use throughout the campaign in raising levies. He received the special thanks of the secretary of state, and later the Ashanti medal. In 1875 he was stationed at Lagos. In November 1876 he was promoted to be senior puisne judge of the supreme court of the Gold Coast. In 1879 he became chief justice, and on his retirement in 1883 he was knighted. In 1879 he was executive commissioner for the West African colonies at the Colonial and Indian Exhibition, and received the decoration of the C.M.G. In 1887, at the urgent request of Lord Aberdare, governor of the company, he once more went abroad to Africa for a few months as chief justice of the territories of the Royal Niger Company. He died at Margate on 9 Aug. 1889.

Marshall married, in October 1877, Alice, daughter of C. Guillym Young of Corby, Lincolnshire.

 MARSHALL or MARISHALL, JANE (fl. 1765), novelist and dramatist, was employed by the publisher John Newbery [q. v.] as a writer for the young. She published in October 1765 a sentimental novel entitled 'The History of Miss Clarinda Cathcart and Miss Fanny Kenton.' It is dedicated to Queen Charlotte, and is in epistolary form. A second addition appeared in 1760, and a third in 1767. In 1767 also appeared 'The History of Alicia Montagu, by the Author of Clarinda Cathcart,' 2 vols. 12mo. Both met with a favourable reception. She afterwards wrote a comedy in prose called 'Sir Harry Gaylove,' and sent the manuscript to Lord Chesterfield and to Lord Lyttleton, who damned it with faint praise. It also went the round of the leading theatrical managers. Garrick refused to read it; Colman did not think the plot interesting enough for the stage, but allowed that the play had merit; Foote, the manager of the Edinburgh Theatre, seems to have accepted it, but he delayed its production so long that Jane Marshall determined to publish it by subscription. It appeared in 1772 as 'Sir Harry Gaylove, or Comedy in Embryo,' printed in Edinburgh, with a prologue by the blind poet, Dr. Blacklock, and an epilogue by Dr. Downman, and a preface by herself. Among the subscribers was James Boswell. It is a poor and amateurish piece, written like her novels under the influence of Richardson.

In 1788 appeared from her pen 'A Series of Letters for the Improvement of Youth.'

 MARSHALL, JOHN (1534–1597), catholic divine. [See ]

 MARSHALL, JOHN (1757–1825), village pedagogue, son of John Marshall, a timber merchant, was born in 1757 at Newcastle-on-Tyne, and received a good classical education at the grammar school there, under the Rev. Hugh Moises [q. v.] After the early death of his parents he lost both money and friends in some disastrous commercial ventures; adopted, but soon tired of a seafaring life; and, in August 1804, set out from his native town with the intention of seeking a post as a village schoolmaster in the lake district. Through a friend named Crossthwaite, proprietor of 'the Museum of Natural and Artificial Curiosities' at Keswick, he obtained a post in the neighbouring hamlet of Newlands, and began teaching in the chapel vestry at a salary of 10l., with board and lodging, 'at which,' he says, 'I was as much elated as if I had been appointed a teller of the exchequer.' In 1805 he filled a vacancy in the school at Lowes water, with a slightly increased salary. There, 'in the neat cottage of Mary of Buttermere' notorious on account of her unfortunate marriage to 'that accomplished villain, 'Colonel' Hope [see ]), he describes himself as spending the evenings after a convivial fashion in the company of a friendly curate. In 1817 he opened a school at Newburn; in 1819 he sought shelter in the Westgate Hospital, and in January 1821 was appointed governor (or head almoner) of the Jesus or Freeman's Hospital in the Manor Chare, Newcastle. There he died, on 19 Aug. 1825. He is said


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 his name, as in the case of Coperario; but the register at Yarmouth, with which place he is associated, contains no notice of his birth, and an Italian composer named Manini was living in Rome in 1733 (Dict. of Musicians, 2nd edit. 1827).

Manini is first traceable in 1770, when at a performance for the benefit of 'Signior Manini,' the New Hall in Great Yarmouth, he played solos by Giardini and Chabran. He led the band in the same year at the opening of Christian's new Concert Room in Norwich, and performed at Beccles. In 1772 he was teaching 'ladies the Guittar and gentlemen the Violin' at Yarmouth.

In 1777 he appeared for the first time in Cambridge, as leading violinist at Miss Marshall's concert at St. John's College Hall, His programme containing music by Paradies, Boccherini, and Abel. In order to benefit by his instruction, [q. v.] settled in Cambridge in 1779. This and the following year Manini played first violin at Scarborough's annual concert at St. Ives, Huntingdonshire; while in 1780 two concerts, for his own benefit, were given in Trinity College Hall. In 1781 a similar concert was given in Emmanuel College, near where be was then living. In 1782 he was leading violinist at Peterborough, Huntingdon, and Stamford, and he received another benefit in the hall of Trinity College. In 1783 he was principal violinist at Mrs. Pratt's benefit concert in Caius College Hall; in Trinity Collt^e Hall for his own benefit, on which occasion 'Master Cramer' performed; and at Peterhouse for the benefit of Reinagle. In 1784 he started three subscription concerts on three successive days (July 1-3) in the halls of King's and St. John's; played first violin at Huntingdon, young Hague appearing in the vocal part; and later played there again for Leoni's benefit. He also gave Leoni a benefit concert in King's College Hall; Leoni and Hague singing, Hague and Manini playing the violin. In 1785, the year in which Madame Mara [q. v.] caused much stir at the Oxford Commemoration (, Sammlung musikal. Vorträge), she sang, for Manini's benefit, in the hall of Trinity College. In November, for the benefit of 'Master [William] Crotch' [q. v.], then aged ten, a concert was given in King's College Hall, at which the two future university professors (Crotch and Hague) sang, and Hague and Manini played. Manini also performed at the Earl of Sandwich's musical entertainments at Hinchingbrooke, dying at Huntingdon, soon after one of them, on 8 Jan. 1786. He was buried in the parish of St. Andrew's the Great in Cambridge. Manini shares some characteristics of his contemporary [q. v.] He was spoken of at his death in terms of the utmost praise, both as a musician and as a man.

The British Museum contains the only copy known of his 'Six Divertimentos for two Violins.' Each consists of two parts only.

 MANISTY, HENRY (1808–1890), judge, second son of James Manisty, B.D., vicar of Edlingham, Northumberland, by his wife Eleanor, only daughter of Francis Foster of Seaton Barn Hall, Northumberland, was born 13 Dec. 1808. He was educated at Durham Cathedral grammar school, and was articled when still a boy in the offices of Thorpe & Dickson, attorneys, of Alnwick, Northumberland. He was afterwards admitted a solicitor in 1830, and practised for twelve years as a member of the firm of Meggison, Pringle, & Manisty, of 3 King's (now Theobald's) Road, near Bedford Row, London. On 20 April 1812 he became a student of Gray's Inn, and was called to the bar 23 April 1816. He became a bencher there in 1859, and treasurer in 1861. He joined the northern circuit, and soon obtained an important if not a leading practice. He was made a queen's counsel 7 July 1857, and appeared principally in mercantile and circuit cases. His opinions on points of law were always held in especial esteem. At length, but somewhat late, in November 1876, when Lord Blackburn quitted the high court, he was made a judge, and was knighted. Among his most important decisions were his judgments in Regina v. Bishop of Oxford (1879), Belt v. Lawes (1881), Adams v. Coleridge (1891), and O'Brien v. Lord Salisbury (1889). He was seized with paralysis in court 31 Jan. 1890, died 30 Jan. at 24 Bryanston Square, London, and was buried, 5 Feb., at Kensal Green cemetery. In August 1831 he married Constantia, fifth daughter of Patrick Dickson, solicitor, of Berwick-on-Tweed, who died 9 Aug. 1836, and in May 1838 Mary Ann, third daughter of Robert Stevenson, surgeon, of Berwick-on-Tweed, by whom he had four sons and three daughters.

 MANLEY, MARY DE LA RIVIERE (1672?–1724), author of the 'New Atalantis,' daughter of Sir Roger Manley [q. v.], was born about 1672 in Jersey, or,


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 ccording to another version, at sea between Jersey and Guernsey. She lost her mother while she was young, and her father, who had literary tastes, does not appear to have taken much care of her. On his death in 1688 he left her 200l. and a share in the residue of the estate. About this time she was drawn into a false marriage by her cousin, John Manley of Truro, whose wife was then living. This cousin was probably the John Manley who was M.P. for Bossiney borough, Cornwell, from 1701 to 1708 and 1710 to 1714, and for Camelford from 1708 to 1710. He died in 1714, and Luttrell mentions a duel he fought with another member (see Key to Mrs. Manley's History, 1725). When he deserted her, Mrs. Manley went to live with the Duchess of Cleveland, who, however, soon quarrelled with her on the pretence that she had intrigued with her son. After two years of retirement, during which she travelled to Exeter and other places, a volume of 'Letters written by Mrs. Manley' was published in 1696. The dedication spoke of the eager contention between the managers of the theatres as to who should first bring her upon the stage, and accordingly we find two plays produced in the same year. The first, a comedy called 'The Lost Lover, or the Jealous Husband.' which was written in seven days and acted at Drury Lane, was not a success: but the second, 'The Royal Mischief,' a tragedy, brought out by Betterton at Lincoln's Inn Field, was more fortunate. Intrigues followed with Sir Thomas Skipworth, of Drury Lane Theatre, and John Tilly, warden of the Fleet; and in 1705 she was concerned with Mary Thompson, a woman of bad character, in an attempt to obtain money from the estate of a man named Pheasant. In order to support the claim, a forged entry of marriage was made in the church register (, Correspondence, ed. Nichols. 1809, ii. 501-2).

'The Secret History of Queen Zarah and the Zararians,' 1705, if it is, as seems probable, properly attributed to her, is the first of her series of volumes dealing with politics and personal scandal in the form of a romance. The species of composition, though new in this precise form to England, had been for some years familiar in France. The book was reprinted, with a second part, 1711, and a French version, with a key, was published at Oxford in 1712. 'Almyna, the Arabian Vow,' a play founded on the beginning of the 'Arabian Nights' Entertainments,' was acted at the Haymarket Theatre on 16 Dec. 1706, and soon afterwards printed, with the date 1707 on the title-page. On 26 May 1709 (Daily Courant) appeared Mrs. Manley's most famous book. 'Secret Memoirs and Manners of Several Persons of Quality, of both Sexes, From the New Atalantis,' and a followed in the same year. This work passed through seven editions, besides a French version printed at the Hague, 1713-16. Swift said of Mrs. Manley's writing that it seemed 'as if she had about two thousand epithets and fine words packed up in a bag, and that she pulled them out by handfuls, and strewed them on her paper, where about once in five hundred times they happen to be right' (Swift to Addison. 22 Aug. 1710). In the 'New Atalantis' Mrs. Manley fully exhibited her taste for intrigue, and impudently slandered many persons of note, especially those of whiggish proclivities. The result was that on 29 Oct. 1709 she was arrested, together with the publishers and printer of the book (, Brief Relation, 1857, vi. 505-8, 508, 546). According to another account she acknowledged herself to be the author in order to shield the others. The printer and publishers were released on 1 Nov., and Mrs. Manley was admitted to bail on 5 Nov. The Earl of Sunderland, then secretary of state, endeavoured without success to ascertain from her where she had obtained some of her information; but she said that if there were indeed reflections on particular characters, it must have been by inspiration. She was finally discharged by the court of queen's bench on 13 Feb, 1710. The only reference to the case that can be traced in the Record Office is a memorandum dated 28 Oct. 1709 of the issue of a warrant for the arrest of John Morphew and John Woodward for publishing certain scandalous books, especially the 'New Atalantis' (State Papers, Dom., Anne, 1709, bundle 17, No. 39).

In May 1710 (Tatler, No. 177, 27 May) Mrs. Manley published 'Memoirs of Europe towards the close of the Eighth Century. Written by Eginardus, secretary and favourite to Charlemagne; and done into English by the translator of the "New Atlantis."' This and a second volume which soon followed were afterwards reprinted as the third and fourth volumes of the 'New Atalantis.' The 'Memoirs of Europe' were dedicated to Isaac Bickerstaff, i.e. Richard Steele, whom Mrs. Manley had attacked in the 'New Atalantis.' She in her turn had been attacked by Swift in the 'Tatler' (No. 63), and Steele, when taxed with the authorship, denied that he had written the paper, and acknowledged that he had been indebted to Mrs. Manley in former days. This letter Mrs. Manley now printed, with alterations, and accompanied by fresh charges. In


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92 our men, and he replied by shooting and wounding this man, who, in turn, fired and killed Meigs. One of the men with Meigs was captured and the other escaped. It was for this perfectly justifiable conduct in war that Sheridan says he ordered all the houses of private citizens within an area of five miles to be burned.

(See proof of facts of this occurrence, to the satisfaction of Lieutenant Meigs' father, 9th South. His. Society Papers, page 77.)

Butler's infamous order No. 28, directing that any lady of New Orleans who should "by word, gesture or movement insult or show contempt for any officer or soldier of the United States, she shall be regarded and treated as a woman of the town, plying her avocation," not only infuriated the people of the South and caused the author to be "outlawed" by our government, and denominated the "beast," but Lord Palmerson, in the British House of Commons, "took occasion to be astonished to blush and to proclaim his deepest indignation at the tenor of that order."

(2 Greely, p.100.)

But we are sick of these recitals, and must conclude our report, already longer than we intended it should be. We therefore only allude to the orders found on the person of Dahlgren, to burn, sack and destroy the city of Eichmond, to "kill Jeff. Davis and his Cabinet on the spot," &c.

The infamous deeds of General Edward A. Wild, both in Virginia and Georgia, and that of Colonel John McNiel in Missouri, some of which can be found set forth in the first volume of the Southern Historical Papers, at pages 326 and 232, are shocking and disgraceful beyond description.

Now contrast with all these orders and all this conduct on the part of the Federal officers and soldiers, the address of General Early to the people of York, Pa., when our army invaded that State in the Gettysburg campaign; or, better still, the order of General Robert E. Lee to his army on that march. We will let that order speak for itself. Here it is:


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 Rh "Headquarters A. N. V., "Chambersburg, Pa., June 27, 1863.

"G O No. 73.

"The commanding general has marked with satisfaction the conduct of the troops on the march and confidently anticipates results commensurate with the high spirit they have manifested. No troops could have displayed greater fortitude or better performed the arduous marches of the first ten days. Their conduct in other respects has, with few exceptions, been in keeping with their character as soldiers, and entitles them to approbation and praise.

"There have, however, been instances of forgetfulness on the part of some, that they have in keeping the yet unsullied reputation of the army, and the duties exacted of us by civilization and Christianity are not less obligatory in the country of the enemy than in our own. The commanding general considers that no greater disgrace could befall the army, and through it to our whole people, than the perpetration of the barbarous outrages upon the innocent and defenceless and the wanton destruction of private property, that have marked the course of the enemy in our own country. Such proceedings not only disgrace the perpetrators and all connected with them, but are subversive of the discipline and efficiency of the army and destructive of the ends of our present movements. It must be remembered that we make war only on armed men, and that we cannot take vengeance for the wrongs our people have suffered without lowering ourselves in the eyes of all whose abhorrence has been excited by the atrocities of our enemy, and offending against Him to whom vengeance belongeth, without whose favor and support our efforts must all prove in vain. The commanding general therefore earnestly exhorts the troops to abstain, with most scrupulous care, from unnecessary or wanton injury to private property; and to enjoin upon all officers to arrest and bring to summary punishment all who shall in any way offend against the orders on this subject.

"R. E. L, General"


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94 The London Times commented most favorably on this order, and its American correspondent said of it and of the conduct of our troops:

"The greatest surprise has been expressed to me by officers from the Austrian, Prussian and English armies, each of which have representatives here, that volunteer troops, provoked by nearly twenty-seven months of unparalleled ruthlessness and wantonness, of which their country has been the scene, should be under such control, and should be willing to act in harmony with the long suffering and forbearance of President Davis and General Lee."

To show how faithfully that order was carried out, the same writer tells how he saw, with his own eyes, General Lee and a surgeon of his command repairing a farmer's fence that had been damaged by the army. Indeed, we might rest our whole case on the impartial judgment of a distinguished foreigner, who, writing in 1864, drew this vivid picture and striking contrast between the way the war was conducted on our part and on that of the Federals.

He says:

"This contest has been signalized by the exhibition of some of the best and some of the worst qualities that war has ever brought out. It has produced a recklessness of human life, a contempt of principles, a disregard of engagements, * * the headlong adoption of the most lawless measures, the public faith scandalously violated, both towards friends and enemies; the liberty of the citizen at the hands of arbitrary power; the liberty of the press abolished; the suspension df the habeas corpus act; illegal imprisonments; midnight arrests; punishments inflicted without trial; the courts of law controlled by satellites of government; elections carried on under military supervision; a ruffianism, both of word and action, eating deep into the country* * *; the must brutal inhumanity in the conduct of the war itself; outrages upon the defenceless, upon women, children and prisoners; plunder, rapine, devastation, murder—all the old horrors of barbarous warfare which Europe is beginning to be ashamed of, and new refinements of cruelty thereto added, by way of illustrating the advance of knowledge."

He further says:


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Rh "It has also produced qualities and phenomena the opposite of these. Ardour and devotedness of patriotism, which might alone make us proud of the century to which we belong; a unanimity such as was probably never witnessed before; a wisdom in legislation, a stainless good faith under extremely difficult circumstances, a clear apprehension of danger, coupled with a determination to face it to the uttermost; a resolute abnegation of power in favor of leaders in whom those who selected them could trust; with an equally resolute determination to reserve the liberty of criticism, and not to allow those trusted leaders to go one inch beyond their legal powers; a heroism in the field and behind the defences of besieged cities, which can match anything that history has to show; a wonderful helpfulness in supplying needs and creating fresh resources; a chivalrous and romantic daring, which recalls the middle ages; a most scrupulous regard for the rights of hostile property; a tender consideration for the vanquished and the weak. * * *

And the remarkable circumstance is, that all the good qualities have been on the one side and all the bad ones on the other."

In other words, he says that all the good qualities have been on the side of the South, and all the bad ones on the side of the North. (See Confederate Secession, by the Marquis of Lothian, p. 183.)

And all this was written prior to the conduct of the armies under Sherman and Sheridan, some of which we have herein set forth. How could the learned Marquis find words to portray those things?

We could cite other authorities to, substantially, the same effect; but surely this arraignment from this high source ought to be sufficient. If any one thinks this distinguished writer has over-drawn the picture, especially in regard to illegal arrests and imprisonments and brutal conduct towards women and children, and the defenceless generally, let them read a little book entitled, "The Old Capital and its Inmates," which has inscribed on its cover what Mr. Seward boastingly said to Lord Lyons, the British Minister at Washington, on September 14, 1861, viz.:

"My Lord" (he says), "I can touch a bell on my right hand and order the arrest of a citizen of Ohio. I can touch a bell again


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(　xiii　) and growth in grace," and as often as not "with the Devil's blessing." These confidences were usually attached as addenda to Cleghorn's letters by way of advance copies for behoof of the rollicking company of Fencibles at their next meeting. This is the explanation of the "postscripts" which Byron could not possibly understand, and which, being set down without note or comment, led to his utter bewilderment and erroneous impression of their origin. The quotation he gives is from one of Burns's letters to Cleghorn (Oct. 25th, 1793), which, by the way, is a signal illustration of Burns himself being the leading—frequently the only—witness for his own prosecution. The "Allen" referred to by Byron was librarian to Lord Holland, and one of Byron's intimate friends. How Cleghorn's letters came to be in his possession is thus accounted for. Cleghorn married a widow named Mrs Allen, who had a son, John, by her first husband. This John Allen, of Holland House, was therefore Cleghorn's stepson, who inherited his stepfather's estate and personal effects, amongst the latter being the letters in question. The Byronic evidence consequently resolves itself into a violation of the privacy of the confidential communications which passed between Burns and Cleghorn—an eventuality never dreamed of by Burns, for he repeatedly cautioned Cleghorn and other correspondents under similar circumstances to exercise the utmost care in preserving the privacy of such communications. But all evidence of the sort is entirely beside the question of the authorship of the printed volume which so offended the susceptibilities of Gilfillan, and which, by implication, he asserted to be typed from Burns's manuscript. It need not be pointed out what a large demand this assertion

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(　xiv　) makes upon our credulity in the absence of the slightest attempt at proof. Gilfillan had but scant knowledge of the subject, and his laboured effort to substitute the Cleghorn letters for the manuscript volume is a typical example of the purblind and unscrupulous methods he adopted when dealing with the character of the National Poet. Regarding this manuscript, the characteristic candour of Burns's own testimony leaves little for others to say. In a letter to John M'Murdo, of date December, 1793, occurs the following passage:—

"'I think I once mentioned something of a collection of Scots songs I have for some years been making; I send you a perusal of what I have got together. I could not conveniently spare them above five or six days, and five or six glances of them will probably more than suffice you. A very few of them are my own. When you are tired of them please leave them with Mr. Clint of the King's Arms. There is not another copy of the collection in the world, and I should be sorry that any unfortunate negligence should deprive me of what has cost me a good deal of pains.'"

This speaks for itself, and that right eloquently. The postscript to Thomson's letter of January 20th, 1793, by the Hon. Andrew Erskine, throws such a strong sidelight on the environment of Burns and one phase of the social life of his period, as to confer upon it a special title to quotation:—

"'You kindly promised me, about a year ago, a collection of your unpublished productions, religious and amorous. I know from experiment how irksome it is to copy. If you will get any trusty person in Dumfries to write them over fair, I will give Peter Hill whatever he asks for his trouble, and I certainly shall not betray your confidence.'"

To this the obliging Poet replied, almost by return of post:—

"'My most respectful compliments to the honourable gentleman who favoured me with a postscript in your last. He shall hear from me and receive his MSS soon.'"

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 twenty pound, Gugins, Eeles, Crabs, Creuises, and divers other small fish excellent good, and some oysters also (though in truth they com out of the Sea) wherof in times past great store were taken in this River, but within this 25 or thirtie yeares, the extreame colds and Frosts, have caused them to retire into the deapth of the Sea, possibly they may returne againe, but in the meane time, every month that hath R. in it, Oysters are brought out of England.

Haa, neere to Terrrouanne, hath his fountaine, and taking his course towards the North, passeth by S. Omer, and at Gravellinghe entereth into the Sea.

Ems in Latine Amasius, riseth in Westphalia, and at Emden entereth the Sea.

Moselle riseth in Lorraine and at Confluens entereth the Rhine. From this River of Moselle in the time of Nero the Emperour, Lucius vetus a Romaine Captaine determined to have cut a large Channell, which at ten leagues end should have entered the River of Soane, by means wher of he would have conveyed the Roman Army from the Levant Seas into the Rhosne, thense into the Soane, and so through this Channell into the Moselle, and from thense by the Rhine into the Ocean Sea. But Helius Gracilis envying this noble invention, overthrew his enterprise.

La Lise riseth by Lisburg in Artoys, whereof it taketh the name. At Gant it entereth into the


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Again, welcome! Beeswaxcandle (talk) 06:28, 2 April 2012 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Joule36e5. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Joule36e5~enwikisource that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name.

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Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:28, 17 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 06:45, 21 April 2015 (UTC)

Undo rename
I am the owner of both the Wikisource Joule36e5 account that was renamed to Joule36e5~enwikisource, and also the Wikipedia Joule36e5 account. Joule36e5 (talk) 22:43, 22 April 2015 (UTC)
 * This is not something that can be amended here. You will need to use one of the links in the posts above this to request SUL merging. Beeswaxcandle (talk) 07:13, 23 April 2015 (UTC)
 * Confirming common ownership. Joule36e5~enwikisource (talk) 17:18, 23 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Joule36e5


text:
User talk:Cereece

Welcome
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Hello, Cereece, and welcome to Wikisource! Thank you for. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
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Again, welcome! Beeswaxcandle (talk) 06:29, 2 April 2012 (UTC)

title: User talk:Cereece


text:
User talk:122.179.88.198

Welcome
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Hello, and welcome to Wikisource! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:

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In any case, I hope you enjoy donating your time to grow the Wikisource library that is free for everyone to use! In discussions, please sign your comments using four tildes ( ~ ); this will automatically produce your IP address (or username if you're logged in) and the date. If you need help, ask me on my talk page, or ask your question here (click  [ edit] ) and place  before your question. Again, welcome! Beeswaxcandle (talk) 06:31, 2 April 2012 (UTC)

title: User talk:122.179.88.198


text:
Page:Ludovico Guicciardini - Description of the Low Countries.djvu/24

 Schelde.

The Sambre in Latine Sabis, riseth by Novion in Hainault, and not farre from Namurs entreth into the Meuse.

Dele riseth in Brabant, neere to Tile, it passeth by Louvaine, and Malines, and a great league from thense, it meeteth with the river Nethe, at a village caled Rumpst, where both of them losing their own names, and taking the name of Rupele two leagues thense: namly, at Rupelmonde, they enter joyntlie into the Schelde.

Seine, or Sine, riseth by Soigny in Haynault, and a little from Malines entereth into Dele.

Deize riseth by Per, in the Contrey of Liege, a League from Bolduc, it entreth into the Meuse.

Demere riseth by Tongres, in the Contrey of Liege, not farre from Arschot, it entereth Dele.

Neth riseth by Rethi, At Rumst it joineth with Dele, and both losing their names are called Rupel, and at Rupelmonde enter the Schelde.

Rueur, riseth by Bulinghe in Liegeland, and at Ruermonde entereth Meuse.

Berkel riseth by Coesfelt in Westphalia, and at Zutphen entereth Issel.

Niers, riseth neere to S. Anthonies in Liegeland, and a little from Genappe, entreth the Meuse.

Vidre, riseth in Westphalia, and entereth Zuiderzee. In Dutch it is called Veghte.

Scarpe hath two fountaines in Artoys, one riseth out of Mont S. Eloy, and the other not far


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Page:Richard Nixon's presidential daily calendar - 1969.djvu/1812

 APPENDIX "A"

HELICOPTER PASSENGER MANIFEST - NOVEMBER 22, 1969

President Nixon

The First Lady

Mr. Roger Johnson

Mrs. Roger Johnson

Bruce Whelihan

Lt. Col Vernon C. Coffey

Dr. William Lukash

William L. Duncan S/S

Dennis McCarthy


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Page:Richard Nixon's presidential daily calendar - 1969.djvu/1813

 * }


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Page:Merry Muses of Caledonia.djvu/106

(　100　) ACT SEDERUNT OF THE COURT OF SESSION.

—"O'er the Muir amang the Heather."

In Embro' town they've made a law, In Embro' at the Court o' Session, That standin' p——s are fautor's a', And guilty o' a high transgression.

Decreet o' the Court o' Session, Act Sederunt o' the Session, That standin' p——s are fautor's a', And guilty o' a high transgression.

And they've provided dungeons deep, Ilk lass has ane in her possession, Until the fautors wail and weep, There they shall lie for their transgression.

Decreet o' the Court o' Session, Act Sederunt o' the Session. The rogues in pouring tears shall weep, By Act Sederunt o' the Session.

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Page:Atharva-Veda samhita.djvu/316

iv. 2-

2. He who by his greatness became sole king of the breathing, winking animal creation (jágat); of whom immortality (amṛ́tam), of whom death [is] the shadow—to what god may we pay worship with oblation?

3. He whom the (two) spheres (krándasī) favor when fixed; whom the terrified firmaments (rodasī) called upon; whose is yon road, traverser of the welkin (rájas)—to what god may we pay worship with oblation?

4. [By the greatness] of whom the wide heaven and the great earth, [by the greatness] of whom yon wide atmosphere, by the greatness of whom yon sun [is] extended—to what god may we pay worship with oblation?

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147 5. Whose [are] all the snowy mountains by [his] greatness; whose, verily, they call Rasā in the ocean; and of whom these directions are the (two) arms—to what god may we pay worship with oblation?

6. The waters in the beginning favored (av) the all, assuming an embryo, they the immortal, order-knowing ones, over whom, divine ones, the god was—to what god may we pay worship with oblation?

7. The golden embryo was evolved (sam-vṛt) in the beginning; it was, when born, the sole lord of existence (bhūtá); it maintained earth and heaven—to what god may we pay worship with oblation?

8. The waters, generating a young (vatsá), set in motion (sam-īray) in the beginning an embryo; and of that, when born, the fœtal envelop (úlba) was of gold—to what god may we pay worship with oblation?

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Page:Confederate Cause and Conduct.djvu/118

96 and order the arrest of a citizen of New York. Can the Queen of England in her dominions do as much?"

The late Judge Jeremiah S. Black, of Pennsylvania, at one time President of the Supreme Court of that State, and afterwards Attorney-General of the United States under Mr. Buchanan, one of the most distinguished lawyers and writers of his day, thus writes of Mr. Seward and his little bell:

"Now as to the little bell. The same Higher Law which gave the Federal Government power to legislate against the States, in defiance of the Constitution, would logically justify any executive outrage that might be desired for party purposes, on the life, liberty and property of individuals. Such was Mr. Seward's theory, and such was the practice of himself and his subordinates, and some of his colleagues."

He says further to Mr. Charles Frances Adams (to whom he was writing):

"I will not pain you by a recital of the wanton cruelties they inflicted upon unoffending citizens. I have neither space nor skill nor time to paint them. A life-size picture of them would cover more canvas than there is on the earth." * * * " Since the fall of Robespierre " (he says) " nothing has occurred to cast so much disrepute on republican institutions. When Mr. Seward went into the State Department he took a little bell to his office, in place of the statute book, and this piece of sounding brass came to be a symbol of the Higher Law. When he desired to kidnap a free citizen, to banish him, to despoil him of his property, or to kill him after the mockery of a military trial, he rang his little bell, and the deed was done."

(See Black's Essays, page 153.)

In speaking of the murder of Mrs. Surratt, he says:

"In 1865, months after the peace, at the political capital of the nation, in full sight of the Executive mansion, the Capitol and the City Hall, where the courts were in session, a perfectly innocent and most respectable woman was lawlessly dragged from her family and brutally put to death, without judge or jury, upon the mere order of certain military officers convoked for that purpose. It was,


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Page:Confederate Cause and Conduct.djvu/119

Rh take it all in all, as foul a murder as ever blackened the face of God's sky. But it was done in strict accordance with Higher Law, and the Law Department of the United States approved it."

Now this is what a Northern man, living in Washington at the time, a profound lawyer and statesman, has to say of these things.

As a matter of course, the North will attempt to reply (about the only reply they can offer with any apparent justification): Well, they will ask, was not Chamhersburg burnt by General Early's order? Yes, it was; but under circumstances which show that that act was no justification whatever for the outrages we have set forth in this paper, and was only resorted to by General Early by way of retaliation, and to try, if possible, to stop the outrages then being committed. It was only resorted to, too, after full warning and an offer to the municipal authorities of Chambersburg to prevent the conflagration by paying for certain private property just previously destroyed by General Hunter. But this offer these authorities refused to accede to, saying "they were not afraid of having their town burned, and that a Federal force was approaching." General Early says in his report:

"I desired to give the people of Chambersburg an opportunity of saving their town by making compensation for part of the injury done, and hoped that the payment of such a sum (one hundred thousand dollars in gold, or five hundred thousand in greenbacks) would have the desired effect, and open the eyes of the people of other towns at the North to the necessity of urging upon their government the adoption of a different policy."

(See Early's Memoirs, where the full report of this occurrence is given.)

Among the private property destroyed by Hunter, for which this sum was demanded by General Early, were the private residences of Andrew Hunter, Esq. (then a member of the Senate of Virginia, who had prosecuted John Brown as Commonwealth's Attorney of Jefferson county, Va.); of Alexander E. Boteler, Esq. (an ex-member of the Confederate and United States Congresses), and of Edmund J. Lee, Esq. (a relative of General Lee), with their


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Rh (1) (As Mr. Davis states it) "From the reports of the United States War Department, that though we had sixty thousand more Federal prisoners than they had of Confederates, six thousand more Confederates died in ISTorthern prisons than died of Federals in Southern prisons."

(2) That the laws of the Confederate Congress, the regulations of our Surgeon-General, the orders of our generals in the field, and those who had the immediate charge of prisoners, all provided that they should be kindly treated, supplied with the same rations that our soldiers had, and cared for when sick in hospitals and placed on precisely the same footing as Confederate soldiers.

(3) If these regulations were violated by subordinates in individual instances, it was done without the knowledge or consent of the Confederate authorities, which promptly rebuked and punished any case reported.

(4) If any prisoners failed to get full rations, or had those of inferior quality, the Confederate soldiers suffered the same privations, and these were the necessary consequences of the mode of carrying on the war on the part of the North, which brought desolation and ruin on the South, and these conditions were necessarily reflected on their prisoners in our hands.

(5) That the mortality in Southern prisons resulted from causes beyond our control, but these could have been greatly alleviated had not medicines been declared by the Federal Government as "contraband of war," and had not the Federal authorities refused the offer of our Agent of Exchange, the late Judge Ould, that each Government should send its own surgeons and medicines to relieve the sufferings of their respective soldiers in prisons—refused to accept our offer to let them send medicines, &c., to relieve their own prisoners, without any such privilege being accorded by them to us—refused to allow the Confederate Government to buy medicines for gold, tobacco, or cotton, &c., which it offered to pledge its honor should only be used for their prisoners in our hands—refused to exchange sick and wounded, and neglected from August to December, 1864, to accede to our Agent's proposition to send transportation to Savannah and receive without any


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 Rh from ten to fifteen thousand Federal prisoners, although, the offer was accompanied with the statement of our Agent of Exchange (Judge Ould), showing the monthly mortality at Andersonville, and that we were utterly unable to care for these prisoners as they should be cared for, and that Judge Ould again and again urged compliance with this humane proposal on our part.

(6) That the sufferings of Confederates in Northern prisons were terrible, almost beyond description; that they were starved in a land of plenty; that they were allowed to freeze where clothing and fuel were plentiful; that they suffered for hospital stores, medicines and proper attention when sick; that they were shot by sentinels, beaten by officers, and subjected to the most cruel punishments upon the slightest pretexts; that friends at the North were, in many instances, refused the privilege of clothing their nakedness or feeding them when they were starving; and that these outrages were often perpetrated not only with the knowledge, but by the orders of E. M. Stanton, Secretary of War of the United States.

And (7) That the sufferings of prisoners on both sides were caused by the failure to carry out the terms of the Cartel for exchange, and for this failure the Federal authorities were alone responsible.

These propositions are stated substantially in the language employed by Dr. Jones, and although twenty-five years have since elapsed, they have never been controverted in any essential particular, as far as we have heard or known. Our people owe Dr. Jones a debt of gratitude for this able and effective vindication of their course in this important matter, which they can never repay.

As to the treatment of Mr. Davis whilst a prisoner:

Captain Charles M.[Minor] Blackford of Lynchburg, Va., in an article read before the Virginia Bar Association at its meeting at Old Point, in 1900 (the facts of which article were taken entirely from the official records of the Federal Government), showed in a masterly manner that this treatment was the refinement of cruelty and cowardice on the part of the Federal authorities, and such as should bring the blush of shame to the cheek of every


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Page:Merry Muses of Caledonia.djvu/21

(　xv　) It would appear, however, that he had become aware of the peculiar tastes of this class of correspondent as early as 1787. On November 6th of that year, he writes to James Hoy, Gordon Castle, in the following terms:—

"'Johnson sends the books by the fly, as directed, and begs me to enclose his most grateful thanks. My return I intended should have been one or two poetic bagatelles, which the world have (sic) not seen, or, perhaps, for obvious reasons, cannot see. These I shall send you before I leave Edinburgh. They may make you laugh a little, which, on the whole, is the best way of spending one's precious hours and still more precious breath; at any rate they will be, though a small, yet a very sincere mark of my respectful esteem for a gentleman whose further acquaintance I should look upon as a peculiar obligation.'"

The effusions forwarded to his boon companions of the Crochallan Club were more of the nature of replies to solicitations than voluntary offerings on his part; besides, the membership of that Club ought to be studied before the application of individual strictures. In 1793 he thus writes to Cleghorn: —

"For you I make a present of the following new edition of an old Cloaciniad song, a species of composition which I have heard you admire, and a kind of song which I knew you wanted much. It is sung to an old tune something like 'Tak' your auld cloak about ye.'"

God speed the plough, and send a good seedtime. Amen! farewell!"

That is the beginning and end of this "old Cloaciniad," for we can find no trace of it in any of the collections we have examined. That he did not scatter these "bagatelles," as he calls them, broadcast with

title: Page:Merry Muses of Caledonia.djvu/21


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Page:Merry Muses of Caledonia.djvu/22

(　xvi　) careless hand, is apparent from another letter to Cleghorn, dated 21st August, 1795.

"'Inclosed you have Clarke's 'Gaffer Gray.' I have not time to copy it, so when you have taken a copy for yourself please return me the original. I need not caution you against giving copies to any other person. 'Peggy Ramsay' I shall expect to find in 'Gaffer Gray's' company when he returns to Dumfries.'"

His own dispassionate opinion of these jeux d'esprit will be found in detached notes scattered through his correspondence, but a sufficient idea of the inner workings of his mind when the shadow of death was upon him can be gathered from his letter to Thomson of 18th May, 1796:—

"'When your Publication is finished I intend publishing a collection, on a cheap plan, of all the songs I have written for you—the Museum, &c.—at least, of all the songs of which I wish to be called the author. I do not propose this so much in the way of emolument, as to do justice to my Muse, lest I should be blamed for trash I never saw, or be defrauded by other claimants of what is justly my own.'"

Two months afterwards the grave closed over him, and he left his papers, as he left himself, in naked honesty to the world, without a shred of canting deceit or unctuous pretence to conceal the flaws of that defaced image which is the common heritage of humanity. When "curst necessity" compelled him to implore the loan of five pounds, we have it on the authority of Professor Wilson that "a miscreant, aware of his poverty, made him an offer of fifty pounds for a collection"—this self-same manuscript collection—" which he repelled with horror." How, then, did it come to pass that the "horror" was re-enacted over his grave?

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Page:Confederate Cause and Conduct.djvu/127

 Rh Yes, our comrades, let them call us "rebels," if they will; we are proud of the title, and with good reason. More than a hundred years ago, when, as Pitt said, "even the chimney sweeps in London streets talked boastingly of their subjects in America." Rebel was the uniform title of those despised subjects (and as our own eloquent Keily once said):

"This sneer was the substitute for argument, which Camden and Chatham met in the Lords, and Burke and Barre in the Commons, as their eloquent voices were raised for justice to the Americans of the last century. 'Disperse Rebels' was the opening gun at Lexington. 'Rebels' was the sneer of General Gage addressed to the brave lads of Boston Commons. It was the title by which Dunmore attempted to stigmatize the Burgesses of Virginia, and Sir Henry Clinton passionately denounced the patriotic women of New York. At the base of every statue which gratitude has erected to patriotism in America you will find 'Rebel' written. The springing shaft at Bunker Hill, the modest shaft which tells where Warren fell, * * * the fortresses which line our coasts, the name of our Country's Capital, the very streets of our cities—all proclaim America's boundless debt to rebels; not only to rebels who, like Hamilton and Warren, gave their first love and service to the young Republic, but rebels who, like Franklin and Washington, broke their oath of allegiance to become rebels."

And so we say, let them call us what they may, the justice of our cause precludes fear on our part as to the final verdict of history. We can commit the principles for which we fought; we can confide the story of our deeds; we can consign the heritage of heroism we have bequeathed the world to posterity with the confident expectation of justice at the hands of the coming historian.

Yes, truly.

"The triumphs of might are transient—they pass and are


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106 — the sufferings of right are graven deepest in the chronicle of nations."

We have nothing to add to what has been stated in our former reports about the histories now used in our schools, since, as has been stated, we think they are the best now obtainable.

We are glad to note that the Rev. J. William Jones, D. D., has had issued a new edition of his school history of the United States, which is a great improvement on the first edition, and that he is now preparing an edition for use in High Schools and Colleges. We are also informed that the Rev. Henry Alexander White, D. D., of Washington and Lee University, has in press a history of the United States. Judging from Dr. White's Life of General Lee, we shall be disappointed if his book is not a good one.

We hail the advent of these works by Southern authors with the greatest interest and pleasure, and we feel satisfied that they are the natural and logical outcome of the efforts made by these Confederate Camps to have the Truth taught to our children. As we said in our last report, so we repeat here: We ask for nothing more, and will be satisfied with nothing less.

G L. C, Chairman.


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User talk:Uberega

— billinghurst  sDrewth  13:47, 2 April 2012 (UTC)

title: User talk:Uberega


text: Index:The Condition and Resources of New South Wales.djvu


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Author:Christopher Rolleston

Works

 * The Condition and Resources of New South Wales (lecture, 1867)

title: Author:Christopher Rolleston


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Page:The Condition and Resources of New South Wales.djvu/3

 A LECTURE DELIVERED AT SYDNEY,

12, 1866.


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Page:The Condition and Resources of New South Wales.djvu/5

 NEW SOUTH WALES.

CONDITION AND RESOURCES OF NEW SOUTH WALES.

a time when we are suffering from a depression which has paralyzed trade and destroyed confidence, it may not be inopportune to review our position, and to endeavour, by means of ascertained facts, to reassure ourselves as to the solidity of our resources.

We are enabled to do this by means of the data supplied in the Statistical Register for the year 1805, lately presented to Parliament. I think, if we carefully look at the results which that volume places before us, we shall find reason to acknowledge that the panic which has seized the community (let people attribute it to what cause they may) is not justified by the failure of any one of our main sources of wealth. I do not purpose to 2