text:
Page:VCH Buckinghamshire 1.djvu/336

Rh In [Clifton (Reynes)] Roger of Olnei [Olney] holds 1 hide and half a virgate. There is land for 1 plough, but it is not there. There are 2 bordars, meadow (sufficient) for 1 plough (team), and woodland (to feed) 10 swine. It is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 10 shillings. This land 2 thegns, men of Alric son of Coding, held and could sell.

In the same (vill) Nigel holds of the countess 1½ hides. There is land for 2 ploughs, and these are there with 2 villeins and 4 bordars. There is i serf, and a moiety of a mill (dim' molin' ) worth (de) 11 shillings, meadow (sufficient) for 2 plough (teams), and woodland (to feed) 20 swine. From a fishery (come) 125 eels. It is and was worth 30 shillings ; T.R.E. 40 shillings. This manor Alvric, a man of Bishop Wlwi, held and could sell.

In [Emberton] Roger holds of the countess 3 hides as one manor. There is land for 3 ploughs. On the demesne are 2 ; and 6 villeins with 3 bordars have 1 plough. There is meadow (sufficient) for 2 plough (teams) and woodland (to feed) 60 swine. It is worth 60 shillings ; when received 40 shil- lings ; T.R.E. 60 shillings. This manor Alric man of Bishop Wlwi held.

In [Hardmead] Morcar holds 1 hide and 1 virgate of the countess. There is land for 1 plough, and this is there with 3 villeins and 1 bordar. Meadow is there (suffi- cient) for 1 plough (team), woodland (to feed) 50 swine. It is and was worth 10 shil- lings ; T.R.E. 2O shillings. The same man held it T.R.E. and could sell it without the permission (licentia) of his lord.

In [Broughton ] Morcar holds of the countess 1 hide as one manor. There is land for 1 plough, and it is there with 1 villein and 1 bordar. Meadow is there (sufficient) for 1 plough (team). It is and was worth 10 shillings ; T.R.E. 20 shillings. The same man held it T.R.E. and could sell (it). fo. 153 Azelina wife of Ralf Tailgebosch holds of the king half a hide in [Soulbury]. There is land for 1 plough and it is there. Meadow is there (sufficient) for 1 plough (team). It is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 10 shillings. Two Englishmen hold it, and they held it T.R.E.

M. Alric the cook holds of the king [(Steeple) Claydon]. It is assessed at 20 hides. There is land for 24 ploughs. In the demesne are 5 hides, and on it are 5 ploughs ; and 50 villeins with 3 bordars have 19 ploughs. There are 7 serfs, meadow (suffi- cient) for 4 plough (teams), woodland (to feed) 1OO swine. In all (totis valentiis) it is worth 16 pounds ; when received 11 pounds ; and as much T.R.E. This manor Queen Eddid held.

M. Alsi holds of the king in [Chesham] 4 hides. There is land for 9 ploughs. In the demesne are 1 hides, and on it are 2 ploughs, and 10 villeins with 5 bordars have 7 ploughs. There are 6 serfs, and meadow (sufficient) for 2 plough (teams), woodland (to feed) 800 swine, and i mill worth (de) 6 shillings and 8 pence. It is and was worth 4 pounds ; T.R.E. 100 shil- lings. This manor Queen Eddid held and gave to the same Alsi after the coming of King William.

In [ ] Alsi holds 4 hides as one manor. There is land for 6 ploughs. In the demesne are 2 hides, and on it are 2 ploughs ; and 5 villeins with 4 bordars have 3 ploughs. There are 2 serfs, meadow (suffi- cient) for 2 plough (teams), woodland (to feed)

title: Page:VCH Buckinghamshire 1.djvu/336


text: McClenachan v. McCarty

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: McClenachan v. McCarty


text: Penrose v. Hart

title: Penrose v. Hart


text: Oniel v. Chew

title: Oniel v. Chew


text: Elliot v. Elliot

title: Elliot v. Elliot


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1901 supplement/Newton, Charles Thomas


text:
Page:Tracks of McKinlay and party across Australia.djvu/237

 is covered. Seven or eight dark houris camped close to us by themselves, in a "mia mia," but no one knew anything of it till the following morning—rather cool that; the morning watch thought he discovered something in the bush, and sure enough there they were, all curled up together. Their intentions were evidently friendly to us poor forlorn travellers of the desert. Native name of this creek is "Watti-widulo." As soon as we arrived here we were beset by natives—young men and maidens, old men and children, and some of the most hideous old crones among them ever seen; they were nearly all to be decorated with beads, and Mr. McKinlay sat down and hung round their jet necks necklaces, and round the arms of the young girls he placed bracelets of multifarious colours. The tribe here is legion. Most of the elderly people have their four front teeth knocked out in the upper jaw; in the younger portion of the community you do not see it so often.

Killed a sheep to be jerked for the coming journey to the east, but all were too fat, and we were obliged to pick out the poorest for the purpose; but they were all fat, fatter, fattest, and not a poor one to be found; however, we picked out the leanest, and soon had him cut up and hung out to dry; the sun being very hot will soon jerk it. The little sheep are holding out well, you


text:
Page:VCH Buckinghamshire 1.djvu/337

Rh 400 swine. In all (in totis valentiis) it is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 3 pounds. This manor Wlward a man of Queen Eddid held T.R.E., and she gave it to this Alsi with Wlward's daughter.

In [Shipton (Lee) ] Alsi holds 2 hides of the king. There is land for 1 plough. Half a plough is there and there could be (another) half. Meadow is there (sufficient) or 1 plough (team). It is and was worth 10 shillings ; T.R.E. 20 shillings. And this land (also) he received (sumpsit) with his wife.

Lewin of Neuham [Nuneham (Courtenay ) ], holds of the king in [Salden ] 2 hides and 3½ virgates as one manor. There is land for 3 ploughs. On the demesne is 1 plough ; and 6 villeins with 3 bordars have 2 ploughs. There are 2 serfs, and meadow (sufficient) for 3 plough (teams). It is and was worth 30 shillings ; when received 40 shillings. This manor the same man (istemet) held T.R.E. and could sell.

In [Mursley] Lewin holds 4 hides. There is land for 3 ploughs. On it are 2 and there could be a third. There are 4 villeins with 2 bordars, and meadow (sufficient) for I plough (team). It is and was worth 20 shillings ; T.R.E. 30 shillings. This manor the same man (istemet) held T.R.E. and could sell.

In [(Maids) Moreton] Lewin holds 5 hides as one manor. There is land for 5 ploughs. In the demesne are 2 hides. There is half a plough on it and there could be 1½ ploughs (more). There 3 villeins with 2 bor- dars have 1½ ploughs and there could be half a plough (more). There are 5 serfs, and I mill worth (de) 10 shillings, and meadow (sufficient) for 2 plough (teams). In all (totis valentiis) it is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 40 shillings. This manor the same man (istemet) held T.R.E. and could sell.

In [Beachampton] Lewin holds 4 hides as one manor. There is land for 4 ploughs. In the demesne is 1 hide, and on it are 2 ploughs ; and 5 villeins with 6 bor- dars have 2 ploughs. There are 2 serfs, and meadow (sufficient) for 3 plough (teams). It is and was worth 40 shillings ; T.R.E. 50 shillings. This manor the same Lewin held T.R.E. and could sell.

In [Wavendon] Goduin the priest holds of Lewin 1 virgate. There is land for 4 oxen to (plough). There are 3 bordars, and meadow (sufficient) for 4 oxen. It is and was worth 2 shillings ; T.R.E. 5 shillings. The same man (istemet) held it T.R.E. and could sell (it).

A certain bandyleg (loripes) holds in almoin (elemosina) of the king [Evershaw ] as 1 hide. There is land for 2 ploughs, and these are there with 2 villeins. It is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 20 shillings. The same man (istemet) held it T.R.E.

Hugh son of Gozer holds in [Dodford ] of the king 2 hides in almoin (elemosina). There is land for 4 ploughs. One is there and there could be 3 (more). There are 3 bordars, meadow (sufficient) for 4 plough (teams), woodland (to feed) 200 swine. It is and was worth 2O shillings ; T.R.E. 40 shillings. This land 2 thegns held, Ravai and Ulward, and could sell.

Lewin Chava holds of the king 1 hide in [Wavendon]. There is land for 1 plough, and it is there with 3 villeins and 5 bordars. There is 1 serf, and meadow (sufficient) for 1 plough (team), and woodland (to feed) 50 swine. It is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 10 shillings. This land the same Lewin, bailiff (prefectus) of the king, held and could sell.

title: Page:VCH Buckinghamshire 1.djvu/337


text: Weaver v. Lawrence 1788

title: Weaver v. Lawrence 1788


text:
Page:VCH Buckinghamshire 1.djvu/338

Rh Lewin Oaura holds of the king 1 hide and 1 virgate in [Simpson], There is land for 1 plough, and it is there with 2 villeins and 2 bordars. Meadow is there (sufficient) for 1 plough (team). It is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 10 shillings. The same man held it T.R.E. and could sell.

Lewin holds of the king half a hide in [?Wendover Dean]. There is land for 1 plough. Half a plough is there and there could be (another) half. There is I bordar. Woodland is there (to feed) 30 swine and yielding 10 shillings (besides). It is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 10 shillings. The same man (Istemet) held it T.R.E. and could sell (it). This land Ralf attached to (apposutt in) Wandovre [Wendover] but it did not belong to it (non fuit ibi) T.R.E.

In [Wendover] 3 men hold 1 hide of the king. There is land for 1 plough, and it is there with 1 bordar. It is and was worth 20 shillings ; T.R.E. 40 shillings. The same men (Istimet) held it T.R.E. and could sell (it). Now they are in the ' ferm ' of the king (in firma regis) in Wandovre [Wendover] in which (ubi) they were not T.R.E.

Chetel holds of the king half a hide in [Lavendon]. There is land for half a plough, and it is there with 1 bordar. Meadow is there (sufficient) for 1 plough (team), woodland (to feed) 10 swine. It is and was worth 7 shillings ; T.R.E. 10 shil- ings. The same man (Istemet) held it T.R.E. and could sell (it).

Godric Cratel holds of the king 8½ hides as one manor in [Milton (Keynes)]. There is land for 10 ploughs. On the de- mesne are 2½, and there could be (another) half a plough. There 1 8 villeins with 6 bordars have 8 ploughs. There are 6 serfs, and I mill worth (de) 6 shillings and 8 pence, and meadow (sufficient) for 8 plough (teams). In all it is and was worth 100 shillings; T.R.E. 8 pounds. This manor Queen Eddid held.

Harding holds of the king 1½ hides in [Horsenden]. There is land for plough, and it is there with 2 bordars. It is and was worth 10 shillings ; T.R.E. 20 shillings. This land Ulvured held and could sell.

Suarting and Herding hold of the king [Bradenham] as 2 hides. There is land for 2 ploughs, and these are therewith villeins. It is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 20 shillings. Two brothers, men of King Edward, held it and could sell (it).

In [Cheddington] Suerting holds of the king 2 hides and 1 virgate. There is land for 1 plough, and it is there with 1 villein and 2 serfs. Meadow is there (suffi- cient) for 1 plough (team). It is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 20 shillings. Fin the Dane held it and could sell (it).

In CALDECOTE [Caldecot] Suerting holds 2½ hides. There is land for 1 plough. One is there and there could be another. In the demesne are 1 hides. There are 2 bordars, and meadow (sufficient) for 1 plough (team). It is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 20 shillings. This land Gonni a man of Alvric son of Coding held and could sell.

title: Page:VCH Buckinghamshire 1.djvu/338


text:
Page:Second Geological Survey of Pennsylvania Report of Progress PPP.djvu/30

16 PPP The three species in question also illustrate in a very satis- satisfactory manner the sucessive appearance of higher types in the same genus. Beginning-with T.bicarinata at the base of the Uheinung group as exposed at Warren. Pennsylva- nia, we have a species exhibiting but two strong longitu- tlinal ridges on each valve. Ascending in the series of rocks at the same locality, and near the uppermost beds of the Chemung group. is found T. interrupta, the valves of whit-h are eavh ornamentetl with front four to live strong rarime and several shorter intermediate ridges. Three hun- dered and fifty feet higher in the series, in sandstones of the Waverly group. occur the examples of T. allernata, which slum' a still farther increase in the number of longitudinal ridges on the carapace. and with a still greater variation from their alternating size and ornamentation.

The species of this genus are conspicuously different from in their more elongate valves, the strong ridges of the carapace, and in the absence of spines or nodes on the abdomen, which is also probably composed of fewer segments.

elongate. senii-elliptical obliquely truncated behind. Dorsal line extending nearly the entire length of the valves. Valves quite convex transversely; length from two and one-half to three times tl1e width. In mature in- dividuals. the greatest width is across the center of the length of the valves. Anterior end pointed. Margins reg- ularly curving from the anterior extremity of the hinge. to the lower posterior end. thence rapidly curving inwards, and extending concave and slightly oblique, to the ex- tremity of the hinge-line. The margins are strengthened by a thickening of the test, forming a rounded striated ridge, which extends the entire circumference of the valves.

Cephalic region occupying about one-fourth the area of the carpace, indicated by a slight change in the convexity of the valves and by several low, obscure elevations. The valves are each ornamented with two strong, longitudinal


text:
Page:Tracks of McKinlay and party across Australia.djvu/238

 will say, and the country not so very bad, when they are too fat to jerk.

29th. Remained at Watti-widulo. Weather sultry and uncomfortable in the extreme. A black fellow from our last camp arrived to-day with the news that a party of white fellows, some six or eight, had arrived at Lake Buchanan, and were coming on our tracks to overtake us. Mr. McKinlay and all of us wondered who and what they could be. The only conjecture we could come to was that the Government had heard the same report that our detachment did at Blanchewater, that we had all who were left behind been killed and eaten by the natives. McKinlay does not put much faith in any party being out at all; however, we shall soon see, as we shall remain here some days, and they can be with us in a day or two. If they have come out on account of the story told, they will all be rejoiced to find us both well in body and spirits. It may be also only some ruse of the blacks, as they, in common with most savages, are well up in deceit.

Busy jerking for McKinlay and party to-morrow. Hot wind, and the sand blowing in all directions. Pity the thermometer is gone, as we should have noted day by day the changes in the temperature, which are very great and sudden out here.

30th. McKinlay and party started this


text:
Page:Tracks of McKinlay and party across Australia.djvu/239

 to explore the lakes talked of by the natives. Wind very high from south-west. Middleton, Hodgkinson, and Wylde accompanied the leader in this expedition, and a native calling himself Dilbilly. It is very odd that Sturt did not discover these lakes, as he went within a few miles of them. McKinlay takes with him two camels and horses, with a week's provisions.

31st. Sky heavy, and looking very much for rain. Remained in camp, certainly the most uncomfortable one we have had; no green to shelter us, and not much grass or other green to counteract the fierce glare from the white sand. We all hope the party will soon return, so that we may escape out of this. Mr. McKinlay left orders to see that the wants of the white men, should they arrive, were properly attended to; and they shall be if they can be satisfied with roast mutton, bread, rice, and a pot of good tea out in the desert. A feed like this makes you forget weariness, and instills [sic] new life into you. This afternoon as we were cleaning our arms, etc., a whirlwind took our tent completely away, leaving it a wreck some yards off. The other tent, some fifty yards away, was not touched.

We shall see the old year out, and bid him farewell with one hand, while with the other we welcome the new face of his successor. Farewell then, 1861! Could we but recall thee, and just


text: Pleasants v. Meng

title: Pleasants v. Meng


text: Farrel v. McClea

title: Farrel v. McClea


text: Page:The Clipper Ship Era.djvu/362

title: Page:The Clipper Ship Era.djvu/362


text: Page:The Clipper Ship Era.djvu/320

title: Page:The Clipper Ship Era.djvu/320


text:
Page:Tracks of McKinlay and party across Australia.djvu/240

 look over the days and nights we have spent and wasted thoughtlessly, we might, perhaps, like to blot out the remembrance! but it is idle regretting. This wont bring back the days gone by; but we may, by "overhauling" a little our faults and failings, benefit somewhat, and render a better account at the close of 1862, by avoiding the follies of the past year.

Jan. 1st, 1862. All hail to the new year! May we have a more jolly and a happier one than the last, and may it also prove more profitable to us all than the last! This year opens bright and fair—the sky without a cloud, and millions of stars out. I sit at 1 ruminating on the past, and hoping for the future, for it is my sentry from 12 to 2.

The blacks had annoyed us much during the first part of the night, numerous fire-sticks being seen in various parts, through the bushes and scrub, which kept us on the alert, in case they had intended anything in a hostile way. I believe they had some notion that way, as our black came into camp, and slept by the fire all night. Nothing happened, and the others turned in at 12 o'clock, having fired once or twice into the bushes at the sight of the fire-sticks. Nothing, however, was seen between 12 and 2, not a stick. Another very significant thing occurred. The fair deceivers decamped from their domicile, where they had been


text: Page:The Clipper Ship Era.djvu/326

title: Page:The Clipper Ship Era.djvu/326


text:
Page:Second Geological Survey of Pennsylvania Report of Progress PPP.djvu/55

Reports have been issued by the Board of Commissioners, and the prices thereof fixed in accordance with the law authorizing their publication, as follows:

A. By Franklin Platt, Assisstant Geologist, with a chapter on the. By John Price Wetherill, Mining Engineer. Illustrated by 35 figures of mining operations, a on the Girad Easte, and a, scale 800 feet to 1 inch,ths of nature, illustrating the  By Chas A. Ashburner, Assistant Geologist, 1881 8 vo., pp. 134. Price,$1 10; postage $0 12.

AC. used in the Anthracite Coal fields. By H.M Chance: with an atlAs of 25 plates; 54 plates and 60 illustrations in the text. Price,$1 40: postage,$0 25.

AC. Coal Mining plates I to XXV. By H.M. Chance. Price, $1 40; postage $0 12.

AA.', with a description of the Geology of the Panther Creek Basin, or Eastern End of the Southern Field. by Chas. A. Ashburner, Geologist in Charge; with an atlas of 13 sheets of maps and sections; 6 pages plates, and 2 folded plates in the Report. Appendix A: Determination of the latitude and longitude of Wilkes Barre and Pottsville. By Prof. C. L. Doolittle. Appendix B: Theory of Stadia Measurements, with tables. By Arthur Winslow, assistant.1883, 8 vo., pp. xlvii and 407. Price $0 58; postage $0 18.

AA to accompany First Report of Progress AA ,1882. Contains 13 Sheets, as follows: 3 mine sheets, 3 cross section sheets, 3 columnar section sheets, 1 topographical sheet, and 1 coal bed area sheet, all relating to ; also 1 miscellaneous sheet "General Preliminary Map, Anthracite Coal Fields," and 1 miscellaneous sheet containing chart, showing total annual production of Anthracite since 1829. Chas. A. Ashburner, Geologist in Charge and A.W. Sheafer and Frank A. Hill, Assistant Geologists. Price $1 50; postage $0 12.

AA. , Part 1,1884. Contains 11 sheets, as follows: 4 mine sheets between Delano and Locust Dale, 3topographical sheets between quakake Junctions and Mount Carmel, and


text:
Page:Tracks of McKinlay and party across Australia.djvu/241

 since our arrival, and did not return till the next morning early.

2nd. Two of our men going out for the horses were told by the native to "take their saddles with them" (we always carried revolvers, so did not require any other aids), and it was a long time before they would; but he was so urgent that they eventually did. They caught the two first horses, and got on them, to go quickly after the others, and head them, when to their astonishment, they disturbed a hundred or more of these black brutes, armed for war, with boomerangs and spears, etc., cowering and hiding in the bushes. They appeared not to notice them, but went after their other horses. At last they began to move, when the horsemen gave chase, and drove them across the creek. Poole and I, who were superintending the jerking of some mutton, were surprised to see some black fellows running from a sand hill, seemingly in a great hurry, and appearing to show us by their gestures that the whites were coming round the lake. The women also joined them, and it was evident that they had some plan in their heads to surprise the camp, and rob it, if not murder us, as well. We did not see the force of their arrangements, so did not move. They wanted us away, and the fellows that Bell and Ned drove across the creek would have come down and done for the few in camp,


text:
Page:Second Geological Survey of Pennsylvania Report of Progress PPP.djvu/31

TROPIDOCARIS. ridges extending nearly their entire length. The ridge nearer the dorsal line commences near the apex of the valve, following adjacent and parallel to the dorsal line to the base of the Cephalic area, and then diverging, extends almost to the posterior end of the valve, at about one-third the width of the valve from the hinge. The lower ridge also starts from the apex of the valve and is slightly carved, convex to the lower margin. This latter ridge is much more elevated and stronger, than the upper one, a11d is situated midway between it and the lower margin of the valve. The optic node is at the posterior extremity of a small Carina, between the two prominent ridges, extending to the base of the cephalic area.

Surface of the carapace marked by fine sharp irregular striæ. which are more conspicuous over the cephalic area and margins of the valves than on the thoracic portion.

cylindrical, gradually tapering to the posterior end. But two segments are known, of which the anterior has a length equal to its transverse diameter; and in the posterior segment the length is twice the diameter. Lower edges thickened, anterior margins furnished with a rim for articulation with the adjacent segment. Surface marked by curved strife, which meet along the dorsal side.

short and strong, produced into a spine of which the entire length is not known. Lateral spines not observed.

Test comparatively strong on the margins of the valves. the ridges of the carapace, and the ends of the abdominal segments.

The largest valves observed have a length of 39 mm., and a width of 14 mm. A small valve has a length of 15 mm., with a breadth of about 6 mm. Two segments of an abdomen measure respectively 3.5 and 6 mm. in length.

This species is distingushed from T. interrupta and T. alternata, by having only two prominent ridges on each valve. The apices of the valves in T. interrupta mucronate, and in T. alternata ridge is stronger and and crenulated along its summit, none of which characters appear in the present species.

The description of the abdomen is taken front a specimen 2 PPP.


text:
Page:Second Geological Survey of Pennsylvania Report of Progress PPP.djvu/32

18 PPP. which, although not found attached to a carapace, is referred to this species on account of the similarity in sur- face ornamentation and from its association with specimens of the carapace of this species.

Formation and locality. In shales at the base of the Chemung group, as exposed at Warren, Pa.

{{c|{{smaller|Plate II, Fig. 6.}}

{{sc|Carapace}} semi-oval in outline, obliquely truncated be- hind. slightly mucronate in front. Dorsal line straight, somewhat shorter than the greatest length of the valves. Valves regularly convex, widest in the middle, length more than twice the greatest breadth. Lower and anterior mar- gins regularly curving to the lower posterior end of the valve, which is abruptly rounded, and from whence the margin is concave to the extremity of the hinge.

Cephalic area marked by a slightly greater convexity than the remainder of the valve, and showing two or three obscure rounded elevations. Optic spots indicated by a swelling or tubercle on one of the short ridges extending from the apex of the valves. Valves ornamented with three strong ridges which extend the entire length, and by three or four similar ridges extending more than one half the length of the valves. Also on the cephalic region there are from four to five smaller carinæ which extend less than half the length of the valve. Abdomen, telson and append- ages unknown.

Test thin, slightly thickened around the margins of the valves.

The right valve described has a greatest length of 23 mm., a width across the middle of about 10 mm., and the dorsal line measures 21 mm.

The carapace of this species somewhat resembles that of T alternata, but in that species the ridges regularly alter- nate in size and the stronger ones are ornamented with a double series of minute pits along their summits. The greater number of carinae on the valves readily distinguishes it from T bicarinala. {{nop}}


text:
Page:Tracks of McKinlay and party across Australia.djvu/242

 and murdered us in detail; pleasant, kind creatures, certainly! I confess I should not like to be eaten by very ugly savages. The idea is not agreeable; bad enough if you were sure two or three pretty young females of the wild tribes had the picking of your bones; and even then, living a little longer is preferable; and "so said all of us." So they were frustrated this time. Had they come in for a good fight, I should have more to write about. They have a wholesome dislike and dread of fire-arms; moreover, essentially cowards. If they can catch you "on the hop," well and good; but for anything like a fair stand-up fight, they don't believe in it.

Washing clothes to-day—a job which everybody detests, though it must be done. Cutting down and burning scrub behind our camp, as it affords too good an ambush for our sable friends; and it is not worth while giving them a chance of surprising us, which they might have done easily from behind. About 5 Mr. McKinlay and party returned from the eastward, having ascertained that there are lakes there, for which you will search his journal; or, rather, the following extract: —

"'Dec. 30th. Sky very much overcast and very sultry; wind from north-east. Started at 8·10 with two camels and five horses, and a week's provisions. At four and a half miles got to Appam-barra, near old camp, at the"


text:
Page:The Clipper Ship Era.djvu/183

Rh launched with her three skysail yards across and colors flying, which attracted a multitude of people. They rather expected to see her capsize, and were no doubt highly delighted to find that nothing unusual happened as she glided swiftly down the ways, or at that critical instant when her hull was still partly supported on the land and partly on the waves, or when she swung to her anchors on even keel, with the beautiful skyline of Boston of half a century ago outlined in the distance.

Mr. Hall was a master ship-builder and had figured the weights, displacement, and stability of his ship with the same exactness with which an astronomer foretells the transit of a planet; yet with all the anxiety incident to experiments of this kind, he had found time for plans of a less serious nature. He had a pavilion erected in order that the mothers, wives, sisters, and daughters of the men who had built this beautiful ship might look with comfort upon the crowning scene of their kinsmen's labors, and after the ship was safely afloat, all were invited to a luxurious lunch served upon long tables in the mould loft, which was gaily decorated with flags. There the master foreman of the yard presided, while Mr. Hall entertained personal friends, whom he had asked to see the launch, at his own hospitable home.

The Surprise measured: length 190 feet, breadth 39 feet, depth 22 feet with 30 inches dead-rise at half floor. Her main-yard was 78 feet long from boom-iron to boom-iron, and her mainmast was 84 feet from heel to cap, with other spars in proportion. She was beautifully fitted throughout, was

title: Page:The Clipper Ship Era.djvu/183


text: Camp v. Lockwood

title: Camp v. Lockwood


text:
Page:Tracks of McKinlay and party across Australia.djvu/243

 dray crossing. At 8·45 arrived at about one mile west of dry lake Toondow-low-annie; centre bearing of lake, north and south, three miles, by a width, east and west, of one and a half miles; well grassed. At ten and a quarter miles passed south end of lake, and travelled on flooded ground on west side of CarideiTO Creek, in which there is water, to where we cut the Cariderro Creek, about sixteen miles, at a place in the creek where a large creek branches off east, and fills a large lake, now dry; abundance of feed. Lake called Mar-courgannie, and found water in creek—a short distance south, from which quarter it appears to come. It is a splendid gum creek, from 80 to 100 yards wide, and fifteen to twenty feet deep, and flows a northward course. Started after spelling a time, and went one and a quarter mile, on bearing of 239° to Appa-dar-annie, now a dry lake with abundance of good feed in its bed; then went south by east, eight miles, along the Cariderro Creek. It is a splendid one, and well lined with fine gum trees; and as far as we went, I may say, was one continuous sheet of water, and with not less than from 200 to 300 natives. I have named it Browne Creek, after "W. H. Browne, Esq. Many of the natives have, apparently, quite white hair and beards; they were particularly anxious that we should encamp with them; they were the first tribe that we fell in with so fully armed, every man with a shield and a lot of boomerangs, and some with spears. I thought it better not to camp there, as they had a good deal of sneaking, and concealing themselves from bush to bush, and might have brought about a disturbance, which I did not desire. Took some water in air bags, and started out from the creek, one and a quarter mile; then on a bearing of 5' for Appacal-ra-dillie Lake, seven miles fully. Crossed, and camped on east corner of dry lake Mar-cour-gannie, and on the margin of the dry lake Merrada-booda-boo; the bulk of this last lake bearing north from this, and splendidly grassed.

"31st. Started at 6·30 to Appacal-ra-dillie Lake, through side of Lake Merrada-booda-boo; passed several flooded flats proceeding east from last-named dry lake—the first of which was an extensive one, passing on our


text: Pinchin v. Fry

title: Pinchin v. Fry


text:
Page:Second Geological Survey of Pennsylvania Report of Progress PPP.djvu/33

Rh In its geological position this species occurs about two hundred and fifty feet higher in the Chetnung series than the beds carrying T. bicarinata, and about three hundred and fifty feet below the beds in the Waverly group. in which are found T alternata. These beds of the Chemung and Waverly groups at Warren are conformable and in uninterrupted succession.

Formatin and locality.—In soft shales belonging to the Chemung group as exposed at an elevation of three hundred feet above the Alleghany river at Warren, Pa.

This species is represented in the present collections by two imperfect left valves_which do not admit of an extended description. The carapace is elongate, at least twice as long as wide. and quite convex. The cephalic region is marked by two broad, rounded elevations on the lower anterior end of the valve, and by a prominent node produced by a swell~ ing and elevation of one of the secondary ridges. which cur- ries the optic spot.

Valves furnished with seven or more very prominent, longitudinal ridges, alternating in size, and continuing the Whole length of the thoracic portion of the carapace. On the line separating the cephalic :iron these ridges are more or less interrupted. but again appear and continue appar- ently to the apex of the valve. The stronger ridges are or- namented along their summits with a double row of minute pits, while the intermediate one are simple and sharp. Ab- domen and telson unknown.

Distinguished from T. interrupta by the alternating char- acter of the longditudinal ridges of the the carapace. One of the specimens figured shows the imprint of the plates of an echinoderm which was bedded with it.

Formation and locality.—In the sztndstones of the Wa- verly group at Warren, Pennsylvania, associated with nu- merous species of brachiopda, lamnellibranchiata, gastero- poda, and other fossils.


text:
Page:EB1911 - Volume 02.djvu/390

 with the dimensions of spheres, cones, “solid rhombi” and cylinders, all demonstrated in a strictly geometrical method. The first book contains forty-four propositions, and those in which the most important results are finally obtained are: 13 (surface of right cylinder), 14, 15 (surface of right cone), 33 (surface of sphere), 34 (volume of sphere and its relation to that of circumscribing cylinder), 42, 43 (surface of segment of sphere), 44 (volume of sector of sphere). The second book is in nine propositions, eight of which deal with segments of spheres and include the problems of cutting a given sphere by a plane so that (a) the surfaces, (b) the volumes, of the segments are in a given ratio (Props. 3, 4), and of constructing a segment of a sphere similar to one given segment and having (a) its volume, (b) its surface, equal to that of another (5, 6).

(2) The Measurement of the Circle ( ) is a short book of three propositions, the main result being obtained in Prop. 2, which shows that the circumference of a circle is less than 3$1⁄7$ and greater than 3$10⁄71$ times its diameter. Inscribing in and circumscribing about a circle two polygons, each of ninety-six sides, and assuming that the perimeter of the circle lay between those of the polygons, he obtained the limits he has assigned by sheer calculation, starting from two close approximations to the value of √3, which he assumes as known (265/153 < √3 < 1351/780).

(3) On Conoids and Spheroids ( ) is a treatise in thirty-two propositions, on the solids generated by the revolution of the conic sections about their axes, the main results being the comparisons of the volume of any segment cut off by a plane with that of a cone having the same base and axis (Props. 21, 22 for the paraboloid, 25, 26 for the hyperboloid, and 27-32 for the spheroid).

(4) On Spirals ( ) is a book of twenty-eight propositions. Propositions 1-11 are preliminary, 13-20 contain tangential properties of the curve now known as the spiral of Archimedes, and 21-28 show how to express the area included between any portion of the curve and the radii vectores to its extremities.

(5) On the Equilibrium of Planes or Centres of Gravity of Planes ( ). This consists of two books, and may be called the foundation of theoretical mechanics, for the previous contributions of Aristotle were comparatively vague and unscientific. In the first book there are fifteen propositions, with seven postulates; and demonstrations are given, much the same as those still employed, of the centres of gravity (1) of any two weights, (2) of any parallelogram, (3) of any triangle, (4) of any trapezium. The second book in ten propositions is devoted to the finding the centres of gravity (1) of a parabolic segment, (2) of the area included between any two parallel chords and the portions of the curve intercepted by them.

(6) The Quadrature of the Parabola ( ) is a book in twenty-four propositions, containing two demonstrations that the area of any segment of a parabola is 4/3 of the triangle which has the same base as the segment and equal height. The first (a mechanical proof) begins, after some preliminary propositions on the parabola, in Prop. 6, ending with an integration in Prop. 16. The second (a geometrical proof) is expounded in Props. 17-24.

(7) On Floating Bodies ( ) is a treatise in two books, the first of which establishes the general principles of hydrostatics, and the second discusses with the greatest completeness the positions of rest and stability of a right segment of a paraboloid of revolution floating in a fluid.

(8) The Psammites (, Lat. Arenarius, or sand reckoner), a small treatise, addressed to Gelo, the eldest son of Hiero, expounding, as applied to reckoning the number of grains of sand that could be contained in a sphere of the size of our “universe,” a system of naming large numbers according to “orders” and “periods” which would enable any number to be expressed up to that which we should write with 1 followed by 80,000 ciphers!

(9) A Collection of Lemmas, consisting of fifteen propositions in plane geometry. This has come down to us through a Latin version of an Arabic manuscript; it cannot, however, have been written by Archimedes in its present form, as his name is quoted in it more than once.

Lastly, Archimedes is credited with the famous Cattle-Problem, enunciated in the epigram edited by G. E. Lessing in 1773, which purports to have been sent by Archimedes to the mathematicians at Alexandria in a letter to Eratosthenes. Of lost works by Archimedes we can identify the following: (1) investigations on polyhedra mentioned by Pappus; (2) , Principles, a book addressed to Zeuxippus and dealing with the naming of numbers on the system explained in the Sand Reckoner; (3)  , On balances or levers; (4)  , On centres of gravity; (5)  , an optical work from which Theon of Alexandria quotes a remark about refraction; (6)  , a Method, mentioned by Suidas; (7)  , On Sphere-making, in which Archimedes explained the construction of the sphere which he made to imitate the motions of the sun, the moon and the five planets in the heavens. Cicero actually saw this contrivance and describes it (De Rep. i. c. 14, §§ 21-22).

.—The editio princeps of the works of Archimedes, with the commentary of Eutocius, is that printed at Basel, in 1544, in Greek and Latin, by Hervagius. D. Rivault’s edition (Paris, 1615) gave the enunciations in Greek and the proofs in Latin somewhat retouched. A Latin version of them was published by Isaac Barrow in 1675 (London, 4to); Nicolas Tartaglia published in Latin the treatises on Centres of Gravity, on the Quadrature of the Parabola, on the Measurement of the Circle, and on Floating Bodies, i. (Venice, 1543); Trojanus Curtius published the two books on Floating Bodies in 1565 after Tartaglia’s death; Frederic Commandine edited the Aldine edition of 1558, 4to, which contains Circuli Dimensio, De Lineis Spiralibus, Quadratura Paraboles, De Conoidibus et Spheroidibus, and De numero Arenae; and in 1565 the same mathematician published the two books De iis quae vehuntur in aqua. J. Torelli’s monumental edition of the works with the commentaries of Eutocius, published at Oxford in 1792, folio, remained the best Greek text until the definitive text edited, with Eutocius’ commentaries, Latin translation, &c., by J. L. Heiberg (Leipzig, 1880-1881) superseded it. The Arenarius and Dimensio Circuli, with Eutocius’ commentary on the latter, were edited by Wallis with Latin translation and notes in 1678 (Oxford), and the Arenarius was also published in English by George Anderson (London, 1784), with useful notes and illustrations. The first modern translation of the works is the French edition published by F. Peyrard (Paris, 1808, 2 vols. 8vo.). A valuable German translation with notes, by E. Nizze, was published at Stralsund in 1824. There is a complete edition in modern notation by T. L. Heath (The Works of Archimedes, Cambridge, 1897). On Archimedes himself, see Plutarch’s Life of Marcellus.

ARCHIMEDES, SCREW OF, a machine for raising water, said to have been invented by Archimedes, for the purpose of removing water from the hold of a large ship that had been built by King Hiero II. of Syracuse. It consists of a water-tight cylinder, enclosing a chamber walled off by spiral divisions running from end to end, inclined to the horizon, with its lower open end placed in the water to be raised. The water, while occupying the lowest portion in each successive division of the spiral chamber, is lifted mechanically by the turning of the machine. Other forms have the spiral revolving free in a fixed cylinder, or consist simply of a tube wound spirally about a cylindrical axis. The same principle is sometimes used in machines for handling wheat, &c. (see ). ARCHIPELAGO, a name now applied to any island-studded sea, but originally the distinctive designation of what is now generally known as the Aegean Sea ( ), its ancient name having been revived. Several etymologies have been proposed: e.g. (1) it is a corruption of the ancient name, Egeopelago; (2) it is from the modern Greek, , the Holy Sea; (3) it arose at the time of the Latin empire, and means the Sea of the Kingdom (Archè); (4) it is a translation of the Turkish name, Ak Denghiz, Argon Pelagos, the White Sea; (5) it is simply Archipelagus, Italian, arcipelago, the chief sea. For the Grecian Archipelago see. Other archipelagoes are described in their respective places. ARCHIPPUS, an Athenian poet of the Old Comedy, who flourished towards the end of the 5th century His most famous play was the Fishes, in which he satirized the fondness of the Athenian epicures for fish. The Alexandrian critics attributed to him the authorship of four plays previously assigned to Aristophanes. Archippus was ridiculed by his contemporaries for his fondness for playing upon words (Schol. on Aristophanes, Wasps, 481).

Titles and fragments of six plays are preserved, for which see T. Kock, Comicorum Atticorum Fragmenta, i. (1880); or A. Meineke, Poetarum Comicorum Graecorum Fragmenta (1855).

ARCHITECTURE (Lat. architectura, from the Gr. <span title="architéktōn">, a master-builder), the art of building in such a way as to accord with principles determined, not merely by the ends the edifice is intended to serve, but by high considerations of beauty and harmony (see ). It cannot be defined as the art of building simply, or even of building well. So far as mere excellence of construction is concerned, see and its allied articles. The end of building as such is convenience, use, irrespective of appearance; and the employment of materials to this end is regulated by the mechanical principles of the constructive art. The end of architecture as an art, on the other hand, is so to arrange the plan, masses and enrichments of a structure as to impart to it interest, beauty, grandeur, unity, power. Architecture thus necessitates the possession by the builder of gifts of imagination as well as of technical skill, and

title: Page:EB1911 - Volume 02.djvu/390


text: Halhead v. Ross

title: Halhead v. Ross


text: Calvert v. Pitt

title: Calvert v. Pitt


text:
Page:Second Geological Survey of Pennsylvania Report of Progress PPP.djvu/34

20 PPP


text:
Page:The Clipper Ship Era.djvu/184

138 painted black from the water-line up, and carried a finely carved and gilded flying eagle for a figurehead, while her stern was ornamented with the arms of New York. She was manned by a crew of 30 able seamen, 6 ordinary seamen, 4 boys, 2 boatswains, a carpenter, a sailmaker, 2 cooks, a steward, and 4 mates, and was commanded by Captain Philip Dumaresq, who had gained a high reputation while in command of the Antelope, Akbar, and Great Britain.

Captain Dumaresq was born at Swan Island, near Richmond, on the Kennebec River. His father had settled there on an estate which came to him through his mother, who before her marriage was the beautiful Rebecca Gardiner, of Gardiner, Maine, and a daughter of the Rev. John Sylvester Gardiner, the first rector of Trinity Church, Boston. Unlike most American boys, who used to go to sea, young Dumaresq had no special desire for a life upon the ocean, but was sent on a voyage to China by his parents, under the advice of a physician, on account of his delicate health. He soon grew robust, and at the age of twenty-two took command of a vessel, afterwards becoming one of the most celebrated and widely known of all the American clipper ship captains.

When the Surprise arrived at New York to load for San Francisco, the New York Herald declared that she was the handsomest ship ever seen in the port, and a large number of persons gathered to see her placed at her loading berth by the steamer R. B. Forbes, which had towed her round from Boston.

title: Page:The Clipper Ship Era.djvu/184


text:
Page:Second Geological Survey of Pennsylvania Report of Progress PPP.djvu/35

Rh


text: Johnson v. Hocker

title: Johnson v. Hocker


text: Steele v. Steele

title: Steele v. Steele


text:
Page:Tracks of McKinlay and party across Australia.djvu/244

 course from left round to the right, and apparently round to south as far as visible, then over alternate and indifferent flats and large sand hills—a considerable deal of flooded land to the westward. At fifteen miles, arrived on top of a very prominent sand hill, which I have named Mount MacDonnell, from which hill opens out to our view two beautiful lakes, which, in honour of her ladyship and his Excellency the present governor of South Australia, I have named respectively Lake Blanche and Lake Sir Richard, separated by a small sandy rise, through which passes a small channel that connects them, and which I have named New Year's Straits.

"Jan. 1st, 1862. Started at 6·45 round the first lake, Blanche (Lady MacDonnell), to where the creek passes through a low sand hill and connects it with the other lake, Sir Richard (his Excellency the Governor). The first-named of these lakes is, where it was tried, between five and six feet deep, and seven and three-quarter miles in circumference, nearly circular, bare of timber, and tens of thousands of pelicans on it, one solitary swan, with innumerable other birds, gulls and ducks of various kinds (one new and one dark-brown large winged), cormorants, avocats, white spoonbills, crows, kites, pigeons and magpies of various kinds, and plenty of fish. The other lake immediately adjoins, and its south-east end is more to the eastward than Lake Blanche, it is nearly circular, and is six and three-quarter miles in circumference, but when casually tried was not quite five feet deep; pelicans, birds of all kinds, fish, etc., as the other. Between forty and fifty men (natives) came to meet us as we were passing round the lakes at the creek, which they had all to swim; and from the appearance of the camp, some short distance off, there could not have been less than about 150, all apparently friendly. Started from north-west end of Lake Sir Richard, and went along the course of the creek that fills these lakes on a bearing of 305°; then south-south-west half a mile, to a fine basin of water in the valley of the creek, three-quarters of a mile wide and more than that in length, and opening again and contracting alternately up to Lake Blanche, which in honour of the veteran explorer I have


text: 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Archippus

title: 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Archippus


text:
Page:The Clipper Ship Era.djvu/185

Rh The R. B. Forbes at that time, so to speak, was a well-known character about Massachusetts Bay, and no marine function seemed quite complete without her presence. She was generally on hand at launches, regattas, and Fourth of July celebrations, with a jolly party of Boston underwriters and their friends on board, accompanied by a band of music and well-filled hampers of refreshments. Her hull was painted a brilliant red up to the bulwarks, which were black, while the deck fittings, houses, and the inside of the bulwarks were a bright green. Altogether, with a rainbow of bunting over her mastheads, the brass band in full blast, and champagne corks flying about her deck, she contributed liberally to the gayety of many festive occasions. She was also usually the first to introduce a new-born ship to the end of a manila hawser, and for several years she towed most of the eastern-built clippers to their loading berths at Boston or New York.

But these were only the odd jobs at which she put in her time when not engaged in her more serious work of salvage operations, for she was the best equipped and most powerful wrecking steamer on the Atlantic coast, and saved much valuable property abandoned to the Boston Underwriters, for whom she was built by Otis Tafts at East Boston in 1845. She was 300 tons register, and was one of the few vessels at that date constructed of iron and fitted with a screw propeller, her engines and boilers being designed by the renowned Ericsson. Her commander. Captain Morris, not only was a very able wreck master, but

title: Page:The Clipper Ship Era.djvu/185


text: Smith v. Davids

title: Smith v. Davids


text: Robbins v. Whitman

title: Robbins v. Whitman


text:
Page:Second Geological Survey of Pennsylvania Report of Progress PPP.djvu/36

22 PPP.


text:
Page:The Clipper Ship Era.djvu/186

140 did a great deal by experiment and observation to solve the intricate problems relating to the deviation of the magnetic needle on board of iron vessels, and was one of the few reliable authorities of his day upon this important subject. At the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, the R. B. Forbes was purchased by the United States Government, but before the end of the war she was wrecked and became a total loss near Hatteras Inlet. It is hardly necessary to mention that this vessel was named in honor of that noble seaman. Captain Robert Bennett Forbes, whose acts of kindness and humanity were so many that a book might well be devoted to a record of them.

The Witchcraft was a very beautiful ship, and was commanded by Captain William C. Rogers, a son of one of the owners, for whom she was built. Captain Rogers was born at Salem in 1823 and had made several voyages as supercargo on board of different ships to Calcutta and Canton. He was a man of unusual ability, and although he never sailed before the mast, or as officer of a ship, he had acquired a knowledge of seamanship and navigation which enabled him to become one of the most famous among the younger clipper ship captains. He was a rare example of a gentleman who went to sea for the pure love of it, who enjoyed dealing with the useful realities of life, and liked a real ship with real sailors on board of her, and a real voyage of commerce profitable to mankind, in preference to an aimless life of luxury and pleasure.

During the Civil War Captain Rogers was one

title: Page:The Clipper Ship Era.djvu/186


text:
Page:Tracks of McKinlay and party across Australia.djvu/245

 "named Sturt's Ponds; abundance of fish and fowls. From this point, course 308° up the creek for four miles; at two miles a creek went off to the right through a flooded flat, thence on a course varying from 224° to 239° principally through what was recently a large lake—now a splendidly-grassed plain of vast extent, and at the latter part a few small sand hills. Distance to-day, thirty-six miles.'"

3rd. Shift camp to-day from this side of the lake to the north-east side. Mr. McKinlay goes out to-day with two camels, five horses, and the same party as before, Middleton, Hodgkinson, Wylde, and black fellows, to see some lakes reported to be to the south-west, but returned soon after we had finished the sheepfold and pitched tents. They found a fine creek with deep water, well timbered, with plenty of fish. Also they came on the lake to the south, called "Wattigaroony," which Mr. McKinlay has called Lake Strangways, after the Hon. the Commissioner of Crown Lands. It is a fine deep one, but not well timbered.

We keep New Year's Day to-day with plum-pudding and roast mutton, as we were not all together yesterday. I sat in the water yesterday for a long time with only my shirt on, and the consequence is my legs, from the intense heat of the sun, are so burnt I cannot wear any trousers, and feel very unwell. Applied glycerine and they got better. The lake literally covered with waterfowl.

4th. Very monotonous to-day. Shoeing horses, repairing pack-bags, jerking mutton, etc.


text: Schlosser v. Lesher 1789

title: Schlosser v. Lesher 1789


text:
Page:U.S. Department of the Interior Annual Report 1873.djvu/47

Rh upon the unsold lands now included within the limits of the late Sioux Indian reservation in the State of Minnesota, shall be allowed until the first day of March, anno Domini eighteen hundred and seventy-four, in which to make proof and payment for their claims.

The set approved May 11, 1872 to carry out certain provisions of the Cherokee treaty of 1866, and for the relief of settlers on the Cherokee lands in the State, of Kansas, recognized settlements existing at the date of said act, and such as should be made within one year thereafter; One year from the date of the approval by the Secretary of the Interior of the acceptance of the provisions of the act by the Cherokee national counc11,or a duly authorized delegation therefrom, was given for payment to settlers at the date of the act, and one year from date of settlement when the same was made subsequent to the approval of the act. By instructions from this Office three months from notice mi settlement were allowed each claimant to file his declaratory statement. The period in which settlement was thus authorized expired May' 11, 1873, and the time allowed for filing declaratory statements on the latest settlements ended August 11, 1873. Under said act there had been entered at the Independence and Wichita land offices prior to September 1, 1873, 83,732.27 acres. There had been 1,416 declaratory statements filed at said offices August 11, 1873. The area of land embraced in said filings is not known. If each filing represents 160-acres, the total area filed for would be 226,560 acres. Inasmuch, however, as very many claims embraced less than 160 acres, the area actually covered by declaratory statements will doubtless be much less than said amount. The area which will be entered under the aforesaid provisions cannot be known prior to the receipt of the district landofficers returns for May, 1874; But one town-site entry, that of Coffeyville, has been made on said lands.

No entries have been made under the not of June 5, 1872, entitled "An act to provide for the removal of the Flathead and other Indians from the Bitter Root Valley, in- the Territory of Montana."

By the terms of the act, Indians who at its passage were actually residing upon and cultivating any portion of said lands were allowed to remain in said valley and preempt without cost the land so occupied to the extent of 160 acres. The superintendent of Indian affairs in Montana not having furnished a list of said Indians so entitled, and whose claims must be ascertained before a disposition of lands to other claimants, the execution of the act is necessarily suspended.

The land has been surveyed, instructions furnished to the district land-officers, and nothing which this Office can do in the premises is wanting to carry the law into effect.

The demand for lands by actual settlers under the homestead law continues very large.

During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1373, 31,246 preliminary entries were made, covering an. area of 3,752,3417.26 acres. The number of final entries was 9,894, being an increase in final entries of 4,115 over the preneding fiscal year.

This law, with some slight amendments, would meet all the


text:
Page:The Clipper Ship Era.djvu/187

Rh of the twelve naval commanders appointed by Act of Congress, and he commanded the U. S. clipper barque William G. Anderson, which mounted six thirty-two pounders and a long rifled gun amidships, and carried a crew of one hundred and ten men. While in command of this vessel, Captain Rogers captured the Confederate privateer Beauregard, Captain Gilbert Hays, one hundred miles east-northeast of Abaco in the Bahamas, November 12, 1861. He also commanded the U. S. gunboat Iuka, and in her rendered valuable service to his country during the remainder of the war. He subsequently married a granddaughter of Nathaniel Bowditch, the illustrious navigator.

The John Bertram was an extremely sharp ship, and was the pioneer of Glidden & Williams's line of San Francisco clippers. She was named for Captain Bertram, one of Salem's most famous seamen and merchants, and was for several years commanded by Captain Landholm.

The Sea Serpent was the first clipper ship built by Mr. Raynes, and was a slender, rakish, handsome-looking craft, comparing favorably with the New York and Boston clippers of that year. She was commanded by Captain Williams Howland, a seaman of experience and ability, who was born at New Bedford in 1804. In 1833 he took command of the Horatio, then a new ship and afterwards famous, on her first voyage from New York to China, and remained in her for about ten years. He subsequently commanded the packet ships Ashburton, Henry Clay, Cornelius Grinnell, and the Constantine. Captain Howland was a gentleman of much

title: Page:The Clipper Ship Era.djvu/187


text:
Page:Tracks of McKinlay and party across Australia.djvu/246

 5th. Mr. McKinlay took a ride out to the north to-day, accompanied by Poole and black fellows. He returned in the evening.

The following is an extract from his journal of this excursion:—

"Jan. 4th. Camp, Lake Hodgkinson. Shoeing horses, repairing pack-bags, etc.

"Sunday, 5th. I, with Poole and a black, went out north to see what the country was like. On bearing 360°, over sand hills, arrived at and found lake dry; four and a half miles of stones around it, same as in Stony Desert; went through the middle of it, it sweeps round from north-east to south-west; passed through it where it was two miles broad, it is fed from Lake Goonalcarae (now dry); the lake passed through has not had a supply of water for years apparently; lots of dead mussels and crayfish in its bed. At two and a half miles further (nine miles in all), over sand hills, changed course to 16° for a large sand hill in the distance, the country to the north being rather low. At two and a half miles on this course came upon a succession of flooded basins, some of great extent, Gnatowullie, and slightly lined with stunted box, some as high up the sides of the sand hills as forty-five to fifty feet, entirely supplied by the rains, but have not had a supply for some time, as there was neither water nor vegetation; which flooded basins continued till I went nine miles on this last course, and from the top of the hill could distinctly see the "beds of innumerable others of the same kind. From west round to north-east and east some dark-peaked sand hills, north-east of last course, as far as I could discern with the aid of a glass; turned back on course of 200° to where I saw some shady box trees about two and a half miles, and turned out horses to rest, and went to camp direct. On bearing of 187° at five and a half miles, came to the water-course that supplies the dry lake Marroboothana from Goonalcarae, which I have named the Ellar, and the creek that fills it, in which there is at present water, Ellar's Creek."


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 A terrible row with the horses and bullocks. They went off in scores to-night, either driven off by the natives, or frightened in some manner by them. Several of the party went after them, and a nice night's walk they had of it, as they could not head them for a long time. They did at last, and turned them. Saw no natives about the horses. They were very wild after they were brought in, and must have been terrified by something or other. Still very busy jerking mutton.


text:
Page:Tracks of McKinlay and party across Australia.djvu/248

 LAKE HODGKINSON TO THE STONY DESERT.

expedition spends nearly four months in this remarkable region of lakes and grass. Mr. McKinlay having procured an additional supply of provisions, has been enabled to devote so much time to the exploration of this particular district, the object of his search being mainly to ascertain if there are creeks and lakes of such depth of water as to give reliance that they may prove permanent under all contingencies of climate. But during the last weeks of this protracted stay, the party had been detained waiting for rain, to enable them to get safely through the "Stony Desert." This very different and not less


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 tract of country lay to the north, quite close to the lake and its neighbourhood where they had been encamped. We have already alluded more than once to "the Desert." We now know that there is no great central desert, properly speaking. The interior is interspersed with patches of poor soil and of sterile sand and stones, alternating with better country. In the region the party were about to enter, these sterile patches were the prevailing feature, and there seems to be a considerable belt of continuous stony desert sufficiently noticeable to maintain against this particular part, and a good deal of the neighbourhood tinged with its inhospitalities, the title of the Stony Desert. The name has descended from Sturt, but the area of "the enemy" and his terrible associations, have been very much cut down.

But, however circumscribed, the desert must not be despised. McKinlay, while waiting the much desired rain that the passing clouds often promised and as often refused, takes an excursion into this desert. Its hard features, he finds, have not been at all overstated. Stony plains in one direction, bare sand hills in another, water nowhere. Even the hardy and courageous spinifex has disappeared, or is very sparsely limited to the shady side of an occasional sand hill. And yet, with true Australian diversity, "a heavy timbered creek" is seen at some miles distance to come


text:
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728 and necessities of actual settlers, and I again respectfully renew my recommendation for a complete consolidation of all statutes respecting settlement rights into a general homestead law. A bill for that purpose met with favorable action from both Houses of the last Congress, but owing to a slight amendment, as to the time when it should take effect, by the House, on the last day of the session, in which the Senate had not time to concur, it failed to become a law.

Since my last annual report Congress has passed the following act, confirming entries made under the not of August 4, 1854, graduating the price of public lands:

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representanives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That all entries of public lands under the act to graduate and reduce the price of the public lands subject to entry to actual settlers and cultivators approved the fourth day of August, eighteen hundred and fifty-four, made prior to the passage of this act, in which the purchaser has made the affidavit and paid or tendered the purchase-money as required by said act, and the instructions issued and in force and in the hands of the register at the time of making said entry, are hereby legalized, and patents shall issue to the parties, respectively, provided that in case of tender the money shall be paid, excepting those entries under said act which the Commissioner of the General Land Office may ascertain to have been fraudulently or evasively made: Provided, That this act shall not be so construed as to confirm any of said entries which have heretofore been annulled and vacated by said Commissioner on account of fraud, evasion of law, or other special cause: And provided further, That nothing herein contained shall be so construed as to deprive any actual settler and cultivator of his right to any land on which he resided at the time of on entry by another person under the act to which this is an amendment.

Approved February 17. 1873.

Under this confirmatory act a large number of entries previously suspended, because of the failure of parties to make the required proof of settlement and cultivation, have been relieved from suspension, and patents are being delivered upon application in proper form.

The act of Congress of February 24, 1871, provided for the disposition of the lands embraced in certain military reservations abandoned by the War Department, viz: Fort Lane, Oreg., estimated area 640 acres; Fort Walla-NVa11a, Wash., 1,920 acres; Fort Jesup, La., 6,400 acres; Fort Sabine, La., 18,200 acres; Fort Smith, Ark., 306 acres; Fort Wayne, Ark., 11,680 acres; Fort Zarah, Kaus., 3,068 acres; Fort Abercrombie, Minn., 6,993 acres; Camp McGarry, Nev., 75 square miles; Fort Sumner, N. Mex., 21§- square miles; and so much of Fort Bridger, Wyo., as might be no longer required for military purposes.

At the date of my last annual report, proceedings under said act were suspended for want of an appropriation to meet the necessary expenses. The necessary appropriation having been made by act of Congress approved March 3, 1873, proper measures have been taken to bring the lands embraced in said reservations into market, with the exception of Fort Walla-Walla, Wash., which has again passed under the jurisdiction of the War Department, it having been found necessary to resume the use of it as a military post.

During the last fiscal year public offerings of valuable timber lands in the State of Minnesota were made, pursuant to proclamation of the


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 in upon the desert, the timber, however, ceasing as the creek emerges upon the dry open plain, But this pleasant oasis did not run in the right direction for the travellers. After four days' excursion the party return, greatly fatigued, and not less convinced that they must depend upon the clouds for a practicable passage through this considerable desert region. This waiting for rain to make some arid tract passable to the traveller is no uncommon incident of Australian travel. Leichhardt alludes to the vast waterless plains which a timely rain enabled him to get over. The bold explorer must push on, taking the providence of the hour. We may thus in imagination make a good shower into a safe ferry-boat, or a plank thrown across an impassable gorge, without whose aid the traveller must only remain where he is.

As this excursion was in the middle of summer—23rd to 26th January—the desert was certainly seen to all advantage after its own sort. How different the rain made it we shall see in the next chapter. The rain did at length come. On the 8th of February there was "splendid rain and steady," as Mr. McKinlay notes, and forthwith the party prepare to march. The natives, who were hereabouts even more numerous than before, were watching the clouds as well as our travellers, for the rain has a providence for them too. As soon as it began to pour down in earnest, they


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Rh President, at Saint Cloud, embracing the public lands in 113 townships, at Taylor's Falls, embracing the public lands in 10 townships; at Litchfield, embracing the public lands in 105 townships; and at Duluth, embracing the public lands in 49 townships.

The selections certified for common schools during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1873, amounted to 76,909.17 acres, an for seminaries 320 acres. The selections certified for agricultural colleges amounted to 15,976.21. The locations of agricultural college scrip by assignees of the States to which the same was issued, reported during the year cover an area of 653,446.41. Since my last annual report agricultural college scrip representing 240,000 acres has been issued to the States of Arkansas and Florida. This exhausts the amount which Congress authorized.

In administering the laws for disposing of the public lands, the depredations committed on the timber growing thereon has received attention. It is. held that the United States, as owner of the lands, has all the legal means of protecting the timber which individuals enjoy in like cases. The act of Congress of March 2, 1831, as construed by the Supreme Court makes the depredating on such timber a criminal offense, punishable with line and imprisonment. The extent of the evil at an early period induced special efforts by the executive authority for its correction. In 1855 the matter was placed in charge of this Office for its supervision. The duty was imposed on the registers and receivers of the district land-offices to act as timber agents, without additional compensation, in their respective land-districts. When reliable information reaches them that spoliation of public timber is committed, their instructions require them to investigate the matter, to seize all timber found to have been cut without authority on the public land, to sell the same to the highest bidder at public auction, and deposit the proceeds in the Treasury. They are to bring the offense committed to the attention of the proper officers that the perpetrator may be arrested and held to answer as usual in criminal cases. In these proceedings, however, the purpose in view being merely to protect the rights of the Government, and not to indulge in vindictive prosecutions, due regard is had to the circumstances of each case; and, when these justify so doing, the district officers are authorized to compromise with the parties, on their paying any costs incurred and a reasonable stumpage for the timber, which is then released, and prosecution waived. By this course, although depredations continue, yet they are checked to some extent, and that without cost, it being made a rule that the expenses incurred shall not be permitted to exceed the money realized for the Treasury from the sales of timber seized, and stumpage paid in compromised cases.

In the adjustment of land-grants for railroad purposes considerable progress has been made. In July 1872, a division was organized to which all questions growing out of, the adjustment of railroad grants are referred for examination. Prior to that time these questions had


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 were off in all directions to the sand hills to catch the lizards and other animals that instinctively make for these higher grounds to avoid the succeeding flood. These natives had already become angry and impatient at the long stay of the expedition in their neighbourhood, and they were fain to get rid of their visitors some days before the rain had begun, by getting up a premature alarm about the coming flood. They seemed to revel in plenty of food. With nets of their own fabricating they dragged the creeks for fish, procuring large quantities. The rains seem to have been most timely for all parties and the country alike, as the waters were fast disappearing. One small lake near the camp was already emitting an unsavoury odour, which it was suspected was the cause of some bad health amongst the party, and the pretty Lake Jeannie, when revisited, was found to be fast drying up, its waters already of unpleasant taste, and giving promise to be quite unfit for use in another month unless restored by fresh rain.

Jan. 6th. We started from Lake Hodgkinson this morning at 6·30 after marking a tree, under which McKinlay had placed some documents for any one of the parties who might come this way. On to lakes "Blanche" and "Sir Richard," twenty-three miles hence. The cart started first, with our little sheep also. We arrived at the lake


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 about 3·30 through some very unprofitable looking country; we shall spell here to-morrow. About one hundred and fifty niggers round the lake. Another very cheerless camp, but there is fine bathing in the creek that rims into the lake. The water is quite clear, with a delightful taste, and makes most excellent tea.

7th. Remain at Lake Blanche. Mr. McKinlay and Hodgkinson, with black, went out to the north. Not the slightest shelter here; the sun scorching and the wind like the blast from a furnace. Mr. McKinlay returned early to-day, and soon after there was a decided attempt to drive off the bullocks by themselves. Some of us were soon in the saddle and after them, but the wily blacks were nowhere to be seen. Got the animals all safe after having been driven nearly round the lake. The bullocks broke from natives once, and they tried ineffectually to turn them, after following them some three miles. When they saw us they instantly took to flight, and easily hid themselves in the bush. Brought bullocks into camp and hobbled them short for to-night, so that they could not very well bolt again. It would be a serious thing if we lost them, or indeed any of them, as if the grub runs out they would stand to us in good stead, and you cannot depend on your gun, as anything like good game is very scarce, in fact I never saw so little in any country I have been in. Strict watch.


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 Mr. McKinlay thus describes in his journal the employments, although not the enjoyments, of this warm region of the world:—

"'Jan. 7th. At Lake Blanche; went out north with Mr. Hodgkinson and native to examine the creek alluded to, but to my disappointment found that it only formed a large valley, and, at some distance on, a dry lake, Millie Millie, to the eastward of Lake Sir Richard, over some high sand hills; returned very much chagrined, and have made up my mind to stay here a short time, although very poor shelter from the excessive heat of the sun (to-day even it blows as if from a furnace), and endeavour, with the camels, to ascertain the description of country first to the east, and probably also from here, if the camels will stand it, to the north. From tho appearance of the country about here I do not expect any water, at least for some distance; the land low, hills between the two lakes, and running northward for some five or six miles, have just the appearance of dirty drift snow heaps with heath bushes protruding; whereas those round to north-east, east, south, and south-east are a glaring red, with coarse grass and shrubs. Shortly after my return to-day a number of natives got the bullocks on the east side of the creek New Year Straits, about two and a half miles from camp, and raced them round Lake Blanche from us in sight; on seeing which, five of the party got mounted and armed, and went after them; they had taken the bullocks two-thirds of the way round the lake, and by some means they broke back from them; they did their best to overtake and turn them again for about two or three miles; when they observed the horsemen, they immediately took to flight, and where shelter was so abundant, of course were immediately out of reach and sight of the horsemen. What their intentions were was difficult to say, but it looked rather suspicious; took the bullocks to camp late and hobbled most of them. The evening before leaving Lake Hodgkinson, about 8·30, they took both horses and bullocks and raced them round from us"


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730 been adjusted in connection with other branches of business. This resulted in complications and delays which are obviated by the new arrangement.

The examination of settlers' claims in conflict with those of railroad companies forms a. large part of the business of the new division. Under the ruling of the Department made in 1871, known as the Boyd decision, this class of claims is largely increased.

By the former practice of treating all reversions of alternate sections within railroad limits as inuring to railroads, the only question relating to settlement likely to arise was determined lay the date of its inception. If the settlement was made prior to withdrawl, and the requirements of the preemption law had been complied with, the claimant was permitted to acquire title. Upon his abandonment, at any period, of his right, the land passed to the use of the grant.

But since that decision the adjustment is no longer narrowed to the question of the right of the first settler or homestead claimant, to consummate title. The time when the right of the railroad attached must be ascertained and the right of the parties is to be determined by the exact status of the land at that time. If the party originating the claim still holds the right to consummate title, he is permitted to make an entry. If, however, he abandoned his claim prior to the time the railroad right attached, the lands are awarded to the railroad when it fully complies with the conditions of the grant. If the abandonment was subsequent to such time the land reverts to the United States and is again subject to appropriation under the preemption and homestead awe.

Hearings for the investigation of these conflicting claims have accordirgly been ordered, and trials are in constant progress before district officers for their settlement. Upward of eleven hundred cases of conflict have been entered upon the dockets of this Office, of which about one-half have been decided during the year, and about one hundred have been examined and remanded for further hearing, the testimony not being sufficiently explicit to justify an award.

The Supreme Court of the United States, at the late December term, decided, in the case of the Kansas Pacific Railway Company vs. John H. Prescott, that the requirement of the act of July 2, 1864, providing for the payment of the costs of survey, extends to the lands granted by act of July 1, 1862, within ten miles of the Pacific Railroad and branches. Modified instructions to meet this construction of the law have been issued.

During the fiscal year ending June 30, 1873, 6,083,536 acres of land have been certified for railroad purposes, an increase over the amount certified the previous year of 2,528,649 acres.

The records of the Office show an aggregate construction of two thousand two hundred and seventy-eight miles of road, distributed as follows: in Michigan, one hundred and eighty-six miles; Wisconsin eighty-nine miles; Iowa, fifty miles; Minnesota, seven-hundred and twelve miles; Missouri, ninety-seven miles; Kansas, four hundred and sixty-four miles; Arkansas, two hundred and forty miles; California, forty miles; Colorado, two hundred and forty-five miles; Indian Territory, one hundred and fifty five miles; total as above, two thousand two hundred and seventy-eight miles.

Portions of the roads included in the foregoing report of construction were actually completed prior to the commencement of the last fiscal year. This report will be understood as referring more particularly to the official record of construction, and to the acceptance by the proper


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 "for about three miles, but were pursued on foot by three of the party, who succeeded in getting all the bullocks and horses, after having broken three-fourths of their chains, and were in a very excited state, nor could the horses be quieted for more than two hours afterwards, but the wary savage was nowhere to be seen.'"

8th. Moved our camp this morning three-quarters of a mile to a little wood, and pitched. The wind fearfully hot, and the white sand distressing to the eyes. We were obliged to adopt this plan, as in the other place there was not a stick to boil or bake with. All we got was from the grave of some poor defunct native. They always pile wood over the native graves. The heat is insufferable. We shall surely get baked or cooked somehow alive, if this goes on much longer. McKinlay and party preparing to start for the east for the purpose of finding water, if he can, in that direction. The four camels to go and no horses, that is the arrangement at the present.

9th. Camp, Lake Blanche. It looks as if we should have a terrible storm, but as usual I suppose it will blow over. A heavy gale last night demolished the tents and made us all very uncomfortable; it would be all the better for us if these blows would come in the daytime, when we could see what we were about; but no, these accidents seem generally to happen in the night, when it is more difficult to get to rights again. Plenty


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 of thunder and lightning. The gale lasted two hours or more.

10th. We had hoped that the tempest would have cooled the air a little, but it is clear we are to be cooked. All done up. No energy left hardly. The animals are all under what little shade there is; poor things, they feel the weather greatly. There is plenty of fish here, with lots of "adoo." The sunset to-night was magnificent.

11th. My legs very painful from the effects of the sun. Heat fearful.

12th. Thunder and lightning; no rain. Heat not abated one iota. If it does not get cooler soon and we don't have some rain, some of us will be getting ill I fear.

13th. A little cooler to-day than it has been. Mr. McKinlay going out to-morrow; the heat had hitherto prevented him; he goes eastward to prospect the country generally.

14th. Mr. McKinlay starts this morning, and takes three horses part of the way; Ned brings them back. The reason why they go is that Mr, McKinlay wishes to put as little on the camels today as possible. Bell taken very ill with cramp in the stomach. We thought he was going to die right off. He was quite doubled up and could not speak. I gave him some medicine which restored him in a short time. At one time we really thought it was all up with him.


text: Kennedy v. Nedrow

title: Kennedy v. Nedrow


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 15th. Bell and I very ill from dysentery. Found some dogs dead from poisoned baits placed for the purpose. They are very numerous here, and from the small quantity of wood we could not get enough to build a good yard for the sheep, and we feared they might be getting at them.

Ned with the horses returned last night about 11·30 The heat did not contribute to our recovery. The sun comes through these American drill tents (I was about to say "like") without winking.

16th. We are still very ill, and yesterday another of the party, Maitland the cook, was taken with the same disease. He suffered very much at first. It must be the weather, or the water, or perhaps both combined. Mr. McKinlay and party returned about 1, and found us on our beam ends. The sooner we are out of this nasty hot and sickly camp the better.

Mr. McKinlay, upon another of his excursions, remarks in his journal:—

"'Jan. 14th. Eastward to-day, over undulations, sand hills, clay pans, and flats, for nineteen miles, till we reached a very prominent high hill, which I have called Mount Wylde. A considerable range is visible to east, and south of east. Went on for seven miles further, over sand ridges, covered with spinifex, successive box-covered flooded flats, formed by heavy rains, through which were innumerable small creeks, no doubt, in heavy rains, forming source or tributaries to Cooper's Creek. Took the horses out this morning to make the work lighter for the camels on the march. Sent the horses back again this afternoon; gave the camels from three to four"


text: Zantzinger v. Pole

title: Zantzinger v. Pole


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 gallons of water each—they appeared as if they could have drunk all that we possessed. Distance travelled to-day about twenty-six miles. East, in the far distance, I can trace the continuance of the range.

"15th. Every appearance of a hot day. Followed over hard sand undulations, well-grassed, with some little spinifex intermixed, with a creek on our left, and crossed it at eight miles, going south-east, then apparently south—gum and box on creek, and a sandy bed. We then passed over some good grassed country, with stony flats, and latterly a stony sand hill, the ascent difficult for the camels on account of the sharp stones for ten miles; distance, making in all eighteen miles. Low hills about six or seven miles ahead, running north and south; nothing very marked about them. The heat fearful; camels not doing so well as I could wish, so will give them all the water that is to spare, and proceed toward camp this evening in the cool; they won't feed, nor stay without constant watching. Started back at 8·30 Went first to the south of west, to avoid a stony hill by going round a valley, then went on for about fifteen miles.

"16th. Started at 6, then bore for Mount Wylde. The greater portion of last night's and to-day's journey was over spinifex country. Passed, immediately after starting, a couple of creeks; drainage to the north—whether they continued that course, and gradually swerved to the east and joined a larger one under the main range to east, and formed one, and passed on to the southward to Cooper's Creek, or formed rain water lakes (vast numbers of them here, and well timbered, and often visited by natives), I cannot pretend to say. From Mount Wylde came in, on the lakes, on our outward track, and arrived at camp at 2 Found some of the party, viz., Bell, Davis, and Maitland, laid up with dysentery, the former seriously. Have made up my mind to leave this, after one day's spell for the camels, and go back to different water, as this must contain some medicinal properties that I am ignorant of, and affects all of us more or less—no doubt the weather has a good deal to do with it; the heat is fearful."


text: Patton v. Caldwell

title: Patton v. Caldwell


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 17th. Intensely hot and oppressive, with the wind east of north. Not very good for the sick fellows. I (Davis) am better, but the others are not. It is the general opinion that there must be something in the water that makes us all so unwell. Thank goodness we leave this lake tomorrow for Ellar's Creek, which has been represented by Hodgkinson to have some fine water in it, distance about fifteen miles. The native name of this place is "Appocoldarinnie." Prepare for a start to-morrow, as we none of us like this place. Hurrah!

18th. We are off from this infernal sickly hole. The cart preceding the cavalry and camel corps as usual. Very sultry, with tempest last night, and about 2·30 this morning we arrived at the creek. The country passed through much as usual, sandy and unprofitable; and just fancy our disappointment, more especially the poor fellows who were so ill, finding that instead of camping under the fine shade, and their day's work being done, they had to leave it and go on some ten miles further to Lake Hodgkinson, as the water was so very bad that neither man nor horse could touch it.

This was a dreadful blow for the poor fellows, but those who go out on expeditions of this sort ought not to know how to spell "grumble" for who can tell what will occur, or what sort of


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Rh required at the present time for the accommodation of instructors who have young and growing families, and who are compelled to submit to arrangements involving considerable inconvenience both to them and to the institution.

All of which is respectfully submitted by order of the board of direct- EDWARD M. GALLAUDET, President.

Hon.

Secretary of the Interior.

Near Washington, D. C., October 31, 1S73.

honor to submit the eighteenth annual report of the" condition and wants of the institution."
 * In behalf of the Board of Visitors the undersigned have the

The number of patients remaining under treatment on the 30th day of June, 1872, was—

The number of patients admitted during the year ending June 30, 1873, was—


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 country they shall see next, or whether they will find water at the camping place, even if they tried till 12 o'clock at night? Yes, such is the lot of an explorer, and a hard life and a jolly one, no care for the morrow, no duns to fear and no debts incurred. It is a primitive life, but as before said a jolly one; but there is one thing wanting, it is the smile and solace of gentle woman!

After that I must take a cooler before dinner.

This would have been a pleasant, cool, and pretty camp, but fate and bad water conspired against us, so now after stopping a short time to rest, proceed to Lake Hodgkinson. The water had gone bad since it was visited by Hodgkinson. Very sultry, and looking like rain. I hope we shall not be disappointed. On our way to the creek we passed a fine lake, and to every appearance with water in it. The natives who were with us were even deceived, and McKinlay has called it "Deception Lake," for all of us were regularly sold by its appearance.

We arrived at Lake Hodgkinson, and found it much dried up, and the water quite bitter; so we


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 have now to go on to Hayward's Creek, which flows into this lake, and there we find excellent water, fine feed—in fact, everything that men in our position require, beautiful shelter, almost a necessary in this latitude. The dray did not camp with us, but at the east end of the lake. We had to dig to get water for drinking purposes. A short distance from the edge of the lake, after only about four feet sinking, they found beautifully clear water and well tasted. There is splendid bathing here, the water up to your chin. This luxury will soon drive our illness away. We shall remain here till some change in the weather takes place, and also to recruit the sick. It is too hot at present for a dip, so we must wait patiently till it is cooler. A few friendly natives come into camp. The animals suffering much from the heat, and we were nearly baked in our saddles, but rewarded at last after our disappointments by everything that could gladden our eyes.

19th. Dray came in about noon to-day. Last night heavy rain, and we had to turn out and secure the perishable articles with tarpauling. Lots of rain to north-north-east, indications of more. We bathed to-day. Found crawfish here. As there is plenty of material for the purpose, we begin tomorrow to build "whirlies" with a fine bushy shrub which abounds here. Bell still ill. Bathing will soon set us all right. Many natives higher up the


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 creek. We still keep two "black guards" with us, and very useful we find them.

20th. Hayward Creek Camp. There being a great quantity of light rushes on the creek side of our camp, we cut them down to-day to prevent a surprise, and very good beds they make. Rain to the north-north-east.

21st. Mr. McKinlay gave our two natives a sheep to have a jollification with their friends higher up the creek. A novelty to them I should imagine.

22nd. The sick slowly improving. We cut down trees to make a "good" yard for the sheep, so we shall be here some time; also plenty of a small bushy shrub, "whillaroo," to build a house over McKinlay's tent, and improve our own domiciles. We can follow the bent of "our own glad wills," for there is no one here to say anything against it; in fact, the natives absolutely come and ask permission to fish in their own waters! McKinlay goes out for a short journey to-morrow to see what effect the late rains have had on the country towards the north.

23rd. McKinlay leaves to-day, accompanied by Wylde, Hodgkinson, and the two natives. They started about 12, and took with them plenty of provisions; McKinlay says he may be away three weeks, at all events they have taken with them supplies for that time, but I don't think he


text: Hamilton v. Callender’s Executors

title: Hamilton v. Callender’s Executors


text: De Haven v. Henderson

title: De Haven v. Henderson


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 will be out so long, as the rain has fallen so partially. We were building yesterday, and are still at work at the McKinlay bower, and very comfortable it will be. This is about the nicest camp we ever had, and the bathing, don't mention it. Bell is better, but he has had a stiff time of it. Only about 600 lb. of flour left, no great shakes you will say; we shall soon have reduced rations again; never mind, half a loaf is better than no bread.

24th. The day broke magnificently, and continued so fine that it put me in mind of a spring day in the old country. If we go on as we are, the governor will have a fairy kind of palace instead of a bower, so deliciously cool, the wind finding its way through the boughs. It is to be hoped that he won't get too comfortable, and so remain here longer than he intended, although a good spell will be of vast service to the sick and weak, for it is a frightful thing to be on a march, under a broiling sun, feeling as though you could hardly move, and nothing to look forward to in camping but the usual tea, and no chance of a "wet" just to revive you; although tea is a great drink, and I believe never enjoyed by any one of the party so much in their lives, though there is not a man who would not give a quart of it for a "pint o' beer." Some of the men shoeing horses; very cold on the morning watch, and greatcoats called out for


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 active service; the bathing has done us a power of good; the sheep, too, are as fat as possible, and they have turned out little trumps for travelling; they know the voice of old Kirby who has the care of them as well as possible, and well he does take care of them, and no mistake.

25th. Another fine day, and cool, we could never have better; what a blessing for us who are so busy overhauling and repairing tents; large flight of ducks and teal, too high to bag any for the pot, going north-east; do they smell water after the heavy rains in that quarter? Bell much better; a "header" into cold water three times a day has worked wonders with us all; but talk about fish, they knock up against your legs as you are swimming, and one absolutely jumped out of the water and hit Wylde in the eye; he did not black it certainly, but the eye looked rather fishy. Very cold again during the night.

Sunday, 26th. Kept to-day holy, it being Sunday, and read the Bible aloud, just to put us in mind that we were, or ought to be, Christians, though in a heathen land.

2 McKinlay and party returned, having failed to cross the Stony Desert for want of water, the horses looking very badly on that account, having hardly had a drink since they left this on Thursday; the men, too, did not look well, having had very little themselves.


text: Thompson’s Lessee v. White

title: Thompson’s Lessee v. White


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 We here give from McKinlay's journal the account of his excursion into the Stony Desert.

"23rd. Started out at 11·30 ; got to the top of a sand hill on north side of Lake Hodgkinson, about six miles from camp; camp bearing about 175°; passed (dry) Lake Marraboothana; then through flats and basins, a large one cutting our course. Changed course, and came to a dry creek, called Pantyh-wurladgie; then, on a bearing of 284°, over stony desert, for a large sand hill; a little water back about two miles, from whence we shall have to send for it, amongst the stones. Total distance travelled about thirty-three miles; to the north-east and south all stones, but sand hills bound the two latter quarters; beyond the termination of large sand hill there is nothing visible. To the west is a succession of sand hills, running north and south; and terminating in desert and stony plains. Round to 348° in the distance are to be seen some terminations of inconsiderable sand hills.

"24th. The country being short of water, I merely go out to-day to return to-morrow; leaving here all the rations I intended for our journey northward, which, for the present I had abandoned, with the intention, at a more suitable time, to try it. Natives are with me, but they declare it to be all dry; but I cannot rely on their statements at all times. The water: our supply for to-day, is about two miles off in the desert; our journey being over a succession of very high sand hills, and stony flooded flats; skirting, for the first three-quarters of an hour, the desert, to this spot, with a large, red-topped sand hill on our right, which terminates close by; have not seen a drop of water during the day, and camp without it. I return tomorrow early for the last water, which will be nearly dried up by the time I reach it. Distance travelled to-day twenty-four miles. Tops of all the hills to north-east and east are very red, quite free from vegetation on tops, and some with spinifix [sic] on their sides. To north, termination of sand hills with stony flats; north-west, unbroken horizon; from west-north-west round towards south-west, a sand hill in the distance;


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 a dreary spot. A heavy timbered creek comes in from south-west into the desert, and appears in the distance to have a tributary from east-south-east; the timber ceases as it comes on to the open desert plain, between four and five miles from this. Quite an unbroken horizon to the west of north-west for some distance. The sand hills that are in view are small and detached.

"25th. Started back, and got to water just in time to give the horses about half as much as they could drink, and a little for ourselves; rapid evaporation has taken place since we left yesterday, for then there was enough for a hundred horses, now there is not half enough for our eight, so must make for one of the permanent waters south of this to-morrow; have to close-hobble our horses and tie their heads down to them to prevent them straying too far; strong breeze from the southward.

"Sunday, 26th. Started at 7 for Coonhadie, a rain-water watering-place in desert, but found it quite dry; start for camp, Hayward's Creek, and arrived at 1 ; distance about twenty-nine and a quarter miles direct from place to place, but we made it more, being obliged to go round to avoid sand hills and rounding Lake Hodgkinson. The horses stood much in need of water, and seemed to enjoy it much from quantity they drank, and the time they took about it. It was fortunate for us that the weather was cool for the season of the year. Wind south and east; found all right at the camp, and the men that were ailing much improved. The water in the creek is diminishing gradually, about three-quarters of an inch per day."

27th. Still at Hayward's Creek; we are employed to-day, merely to keep us in working order, in putting up a verandah to McKinlay's palace. Nice work, very, with thermometer 120° or 130°. A great argument at dinner to-day, Middleton and Palmer v. Wylde, as to distance to a certain spot;