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Rh Lésang, smooth and slippery, as the hair on a cat's back; without any asperities. Slip- per j, as the surface of anything. Slippery and smooth but not oily or greasy which is expressed by Lĕu-ĕur.

Lĕslĕsan, running away and disappearing, sneaking off; creeping out of the way.

Lésot, let go, parted hold, relinquished.

Lésotĕkĕn, to let go, to loose your hold, to relinquish.

Lĕsu, languid, a feeling of aversion to exert one self. (Jav. Mai. Batav. idem.)

Létah, the tongue. Goreng Iétah na, his tongue is bad; as we would say- foul- mouthed, fond of talking evil. (Jav. Mai. Lidah, which T. Roorda wants to derive from Scr. Lidha licked.)

Létah badak, Rhinoceros tongue, Opuntia, Cactus for feeding Cochenille tforms.

Létak, to lick with the tongue.

Létakan, to lick. Uching ngalétakan manéh, a cat licking itself.

Lĕubĕut, having abundance of fruit; fruit hanging in abundance on a tree. Mangga na Lĕubĕut tahun iyo, the mangoes have an abundant crop this year.

Leuchir, smooth and fair, pretty; free from asperities. Budak bikang Lĕcir, a fair young woman. Lĕuchir bĕunang aing ngabresihan, it is smooth now that I have made it clean.

Lĕu-ĕur, slippery, without friction, possessing oliagenous properties, greasy. Jalan na Lĕu-ĕur, the road is slippery. Kulit na Lĕu-ĕur bĕunang ngaminyakan, his skin was slip- pery from having had oil rubbed on it.

Lĕugĕut, gum, bird-lime, any clammy exudation from a tree. Manuk bĕunang ngalĕu-gĕutan, a bird caught with bird lime.

Lĕuhang, hot water containing astringents or some medicinal herb for a bath, prescribed in some diseases.

Lĕukĕunan, to stare at, to look with a vacant stare. To look on with indifference. To hadé di lĕukēunan. It w'ont do to look on with indifference.

Lĕukrah, scattered about; loose and disconnected. Tulang bĕdul gĕus lĕukrah, the bones of the hog are separated, scattered about.

Lĕuksa, a creeper in the jungle, with pretty pinkish campanulate flower.

Lĕulĕu-ĕur, any application made to make a thing slippery. Any oily or greasy matter rubbed on to anything to make it work easy, to destroy friction. (See Lĕu-ĕur.)

Lĕulĕus, soft and pliant, flexible, not stiff; the reverse of Jĕgĕr which see. Hoih lĕu-lĕus, the flexible rattan, a variety in great request for splitting and using in number- less ways. Called also Hoih lilin, the waxy rattan. Is of the thickness of a man's lit- tle finger.

Lĕulĕuyi, slack as water, without current; slowly moving, sluggish.

Lĕumĕung, common rice, not Kĕtan, cooked in a joint of bambu stuck in the fire. The same as lului only that in the latter instance the rice is Kĕtan.

Lĕumpang, to walk, to go away, to proceed on a journey. To bisa lĕumpang, he cannot walk. Gĕus lĕumpang, he has gone away. Gĕus lĕumpang munggah haji, he has pro- ceeded on the journey to become a Haji.


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Works

 * Mencius

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 III. Letter from Dr. ^M. Jean xxM.xx Gale. 1210 Ogden St., Denver, Colo. Judge Junius Henderson.
 * Dear Sir:

......The few times I had the pleasure of accompanying my father on any of his trips I was especially struck with his untiring patience in searching out the habits and nesting places of his feathered friends. In some way they seemed to recognize that he was their friend, going over the same locality year after year as he did. Many of the trees were provided with an aperture which was covered at times, but which he could uncover and observe the birds or eggs as the case might be without in the least disturbing them. His success in the finding of Clarke's crows' nests was obtained only by weeks and even months of careful obser-vation of the knowing birds before the nest was even con-structed. Notwithstanding the large numbers of eggs taken and prepared by him, not one was taken ruthlessly or where the nest could not be refilled the same season. It was a labor of love from his first youthful efforts until the more enduring ones/ in Colorado were finished. It seemed eminently fitting that as he was quietly laid to rest the air should be filled with low, soft twitterings of a host of feathered harbingers of spring--his friends until the last.
 * Yours Sincerely,

M. Jean Gale.


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504 Trisula, a trident, a three pronged spear. Trisula, C. 251, a trident, a three pointed spear, borne in the hand of Kattargamdeviyo, as the emblem of his character, he being the God of war. It is one of the distinguishing marks of Siwa.

Tropong, the shuttle of the native loom. It is made of a joint of the Awi tamiang and holds the Kérékan whilst passing between the threads of the web. A spyglass, a telescope.

Trubuk, roes of fish, preserved with salt, imported from the straits of Malacca.

Trus, through, from one side to the other. Right through. Throughout, straight forward, keep on. Gone through, pierced through.

Trus měněrus, going through every thing. Making your way through the jungle. Passing along unbeaten tracts.

Trusi, green vitriol, verdigrease. Copperas.

Trusnawati, generally called Dayang Trusnawati, the Damsel Trusnawati. A female personage in the old mythology of Java, of whom an account is given in the Manek Maya in Appendix H of Raffles' Java, where she is called Trésna Wati. An account is there given of a wonderful Chupu or basket which contained the gem Retna Dumila, and which were changed, the former into a Bali Simarakata, the latter into a virgin, to whom Sang Yang Guru gave the name of Trésna Wati, and who continued to remain in the Bali Simarakata till she grew up. Sang Yang Guru afterwards taking a fancy to the virgin, wished to make her his wife. She consented on condition of his giving her such proof as she required of his divinity and power, and that was by his supplying her with three things, viz, 1st a suit of elegant apparel, which would last her for ever, without being in the least tarnished,—2dly a meal which would cause her never to feel hunger more,—3dly a musical instrument called Gatoplak, of the most melodious sound. Trisnäwa, C. 251, desire, wish, anxious longing, lust. Wati, C. 618, a woman of property; a female possessing great wealth. Thus literally—Dayang Trusnawati the damsel who was desirable from her wealth. The second gift of Sang Yang Guru to the damsel has been assumed to be rice, and in Jampé used at paddy planting, the name of the Dayang Trusnawati frequently occurs.

Tua, the short for Tuba, which see. A matter used to intoxicate fish.

Tua-bangka, an expression used to designate an old good-for-nothing chap, who is always full of some mischief.

Tuah, sin, crime, offence. The agency or means of doing something wrong, mischief, misdeed. Saha nu bogah tuah, who has done it, whose crime is it? Tuah batur, the misdeed of a neighbour. To tuah, to dosa, neither the mischief nor crime is mine,—I had no share in the transaction.

Tuan, a gentleman. Sir! Mr. A term applied to natives of high birth or rank, to all European men, and to Arabs. It serves as the pronoun you, when addressing a person of importance, a European or a superior. Derived from Tua, old in Malay, with the suffix an = an elder, age commanding respect, and in a primative state of society,


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 instituted by Archbishop Longley in 1867, and known as the  (q.v.), though even for the  Anglican communion they have not the authority of an ecumenical synod, and their decisions are rather of the nature of counsels than commands, have done much to promote the harmony and co-operation of the various branches of the Church. An even more imposing manifestation of this common life was given by the great pan-Anglican congress held in London between the 12th and 24th of June 1908, which preceded the Lambeth conference opened on the 5th of July. The idea of this originated with Bishop Montgomery, secretary to the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, and was endorsed by a resolution of the United Boards of Mission in 1903. As the result of negotiations and preparations extending over five years, 250 bishops, together with delegates, clerical and lay, from every diocese in the Anglican communion, met in London, the opening service of intercession being held in Westminster Abbey. In its general character, the meeting was but a Church congress on an enlarged scale, and the subjects discussed, e.g. the attitude of churchmen towards the question of the marriage laws or that of socialism, followed much the same lines. The congress, of course, had no power to decide or to legislate for the Church, its main value being in drawing its scattered members closer together, in bringing the newer and more isolated branches into consciousness of their contact with the parent stem, and in opening the eyes of the Church of England to the point of view and the peculiar problems of the daughter-churches.

The Anglican communion consists of the following:—(1) The Church of England, 2 provinces, Canterbury and York, with 24 and 11 dioceses respectively. (2) The Church of Ireland, 2 provinces, Armagh and Dublin, with 7 and 6 dioceses respectively. (3) The Scottish Episcopal Church, with 7 dioceses. (4) The Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States, with 89 dioceses and missionary jurisdictions, including North Tokyo, Kyoto, Shanghai, Cape Palmas, and the independent dioceses of Hayti and Brazil. (5) The Canadian Church, consisting of (a) the province of Canada, with 10 dioceses; (b) the province of Rupert’s Land, with 8 dioceses. (6) The Church in India and Ceylon, 1 province of 11 dioceses. (7) The Church of the West Indies, 1 province of 8 dioceses, of which Barbados and the Windward Islands are at present united. (8) The Australian Church, consisting of (a) the province of New South Wales, with 10 dioceses; (b) the province of Queensland, with 5 dioceses; (c) the province of Victoria, with 5 dioceses. (9) The Church of New Zealand, 1 province of 7 dioceses, together with the missionary jurisdiction of Melanesia. (10) The South African Church, 1 province of 10 dioceses, with the 2 missionary jurisdictions of Mashonaland and Lebombo. (11) Nearly 30 isolated dioceses and missionary jurisdictions holding mission from the see of Canterbury.

ANGLING, the art or practice of the sport of catching fish by means of a baited hook or “angle” (from the Indo-European root ank-, meaning “bend”). It is among the most ancient of human activities, and may be said to date from the time when man was in the infancy of the Stone Age, eking out a precarious existence by the slaughter of any living thing which he could reach with the rude weapons at his command. It is probable that attack on fishes was at first much the same as attack on animals, a matter of force rather than of guile, and conducted by means of a rude spear with a flint head. It is probable, too, that the primitive harpooners were not signally successful in their efforts, and so set their wits to work to devise other means of getting at the abundant food which waited for them in every piece of water near their caves. Observation would soon show them that fish fed greedily on each other and on other inhabitants of the water or living things that fell into it, and so, no doubt, arose the idea of entangling the prey by means of its appetite. Hence came the notion of the first hook, which, it seems certain, was not a hook at all but a “gorge,” a piece of flint or stone which the fish could swallow with the bait but which it could not eject afterwards. From remains found in cave-dwellings and their neighbourhood in different parts of the world it is obvious that these gorges varied in shape, but in general the idea was the same, a narrow strip of stone or flake of flint, either straight or slightly curved at the ends, with a groove in the middle round which the line could be fastened. Buried in the bait it would be swallowed end first; then the tightening of the line would fix it cross-wise in the quarry’s stomach or gullet and so the capture would be assured. The device still lingers in France and in a few remote parts of England in the method of catching eels which is known as “sniggling.” In this a needle buried in a worm plays the part of the prehistoric gorge.

The evolution of the fish-hook from the slightly curved gorge is easily intelligible. The ends became more and more curved, until eventually an object not unlike a double hook was attained. This development would be materially assisted by man’s discovery of the uses of bronze and its adaptability to his requirements. The single hook, of the pattern more or less familiar to us, was possibly a concession of the lake-dweller to what may even then have been a problem—the “education” of fish, and to a recognition of the fact that sport with the crude old methods was falling off. But it is also not improbable that in some parts of the world the single hook developed pari passu with the double, and that, on the sea-shore for instance, where man was able to employ so adaptable a substance as shell, the first hook was a curved fragment of shell lashed with fibre to a piece of wood or bone, in such a way that the shell formed the bend of the hook while the wood or bone formed the shank. Both early remains and recent hooks from the Fiji Islands bear out this supposition. It is also likely that flint, horn and bone were pressed into service in a similar manner. The nature of the line or the rod that may have been used with these early hooks is largely a matter of conjecture. The first line was perhaps the tendril of a plant, the first rod possibly a sapling tree. But it is fairly obvious that the rod must have been suggested by the necessity of getting the bait out over obstacles which lay between the fisherman and the water, and that it was a device for increasing both the reach of the arm and the length of the line. It seems not improbable that the rod very early formed a part of the fisherman’s equipment.

Literary History.— From prehistoric times down to comparatively late in the days of chronicles, angling appears to have remained a practice; its development into an art or sport is a modern idea. In the earliest literature references to angling are not very numerous, but there are passages in the Old Testament which show that fish-taking with hook as well as net was one of the common industries in the East, and that fish, where it was obtainable, formed an important article of diet. In Numbers (xi. 5) the children of Israel mourn for the fish which they “did eat in Egypt freely.” So much too is proved by the monuments of Egypt; indeed more, for the figures found in some of the Egyptian fishing pictures using short rods and stout lines are sometimes attired after the manner of those who were great in the land. This indicates that angling had already, in a highly civilized country, taken its place among the methods of diversion at the disposal of the wealthy, though from the uncompromising nature of the tackle depicted and the apparent simplicity of the fish it would scarcely be safe to assume that in Egypt angling arrived at the dignity of becoming an “art.” In Europe it took very much longer for the taking of fish to be regarded even as an

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Rh the elders having been the chiefs. Tuan Děmang, Tuan Adipati, Tuan taněuh, a Lord of the manor, a landholder. Tuan Resident.—Tuan daik ka mana, where are you going, Sir? Di béré ku tuan, the gentleman gave it me.

Tuan Bězar, Malay: the Great Gentleman. The name by which the Governor General of Java is known.

Tuang, to pour out a molten metal. To make castings of metal.

Tuang-kuring, your very humble servant, your obedient slave. A very submissive designation of self by a man speaking to his superior. Kuring is already a very humble designation of self, and Tuang is perhaps the same as Tuang or Tuwang, to pour out molten metal, to make castings, and if this is correct, Tuang kuring will imply: your obedient slave, whom you can pour out into any shape you please.

Tuar, to cut down, to fell as a tree. Figuratively to undermine, to bring into disgrace with any one in authority. Di tuar děungan, I have been felled by other folks, I have been injured by intrigue. Tangal éta kudu di tuar, that tree must be cut down.

Tuba or Tuwa, name of a climbing plant grown in the humahs. The stringy roots of this plant contain a white milky juice used for intoxicating fish. The roots are pounded well in a small pool which is then discharged into the stream, and the fish soon become intoxicated, coming up to the surface for air, half dead, when they can be easily secured. This is called Tuba běněr, real tuba, to distinguish it from Tuba songgom, which latter word see. Tuba sa kěurěung, a packet of the tuba roots, as they are put up in when carried about.

Tuban, name of a chief place and district in the eastern part of the Residency of Rembang.

Tubruk, to pounce upon, to catch by flinging oneself upon the object to be caught. Di tubruk maung, he was pounced upon by a tiger. Embé di chěkěl di tubruk bai, he caught the goat by flinging himself upon it.

Tuduhkěn, to point out, to show, to cause, to see. To explain, to instruct. Tuduhkěn jalan, to show the way. Kudu di tuduhkěn gawé na, you must explain the use of it.

Tugu, a boundary mark of stone (not a wooden post). Tugus are found all throughout the country, and are by no means always boundary marks, at least at the present day. These Tugus are supposed to mark the spots where the ritis of former superstition were observed, in times previous to the introduction of mahomedanism, and as ancient marks are still always respected when they have obtained the sanctity of such a name, though this Tugu mostly consists of nothing more than one or more rough, unhewn trachyte blocks. Tugula C. 236, lotus. May the old Hindus have introduced the custom of placing the sacred lotus at such places, or as consecrating the place, when, from that circumstance, any boundary mark was called Tugu.

Tugur, a kěmit or watchman who is constantly employed, and not changed every day. A permanent watchman.

Tuguran, to keep permanent watch. To be always on the look-out.


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506 Tuhan, Lord, as Tuhan Allah, the Lord God. It is the word Tuan aspirated when applied to God.

Tuhu, right, right-hand. Ka tuhu, to the right. Lěungun ti tuhu, the right hand.

Tuhur, dry, desiccated, not wet. Jalan na tuhur, the road is dry.

Tuhurěun, sun-dry, dried up. Sung'ut tukurěun, my mouth is dry.

Tuhurkěn, to make dry; to put out in the sun to dry.

Tuil, to drive down, or drive in, by placing a bit of round wood or a brad iron upon the object to be driven, and then striking that iron pin, so as to drive in the object further than could be got at with the hammer alone. To pick the teeth. To tease out any matter adhering between the teeth with a tooth-pick.

Tujah, to throw any pointed instrument; to hurl as a lance. Said of the act of a buffaloe which annoys other buffaloes by goring them about the body, but not coming to a stand-up fight, head to head.

Tuju, to aim, to send at, to direct to, to give course to. Tujukěn surat, to send a letter to any one; to give course to a letter, so that it reaches any person. To aim at, to direct one's course towards. Sasari na liang téngah nu di tuju, usually it is the middle hole which we aim at.

Tujuh, seven, the number seven. This word may be derived from To, not, and Uju, heard in Tuju, and in the Malay Měnuju, to direct towards. To-uju = not tallying, not being in the direction,—as when the native had counted his fingers up to five, which he called Lima, a hand, and then made an addition from the other hand to make six, Gěnap, completeness, and had folded down two of the fingers of that same other hand to represent 8 and 9 (see Dalapan and Salapan) two fingers remained sticking out which have to represent seven. But they are two and not one and thus do not tally, měunju from Tuju, to point against, or To-uju, do not coincide. The uju, in the sense of coincidence is heard in the word Mujur, lucky, fortunate, lying lengthwise with, and not athwart. The natives have thus counted upwards to six, but in mean time they had also counted backwards to eight by folding down two of the fingers of one hand, or two fingers from the whole ten, which had been named Sapuluh, one collection. This left two fingers to represent One number, the intermediate seven. Now supposing the index finger of the second hand to count for Seven, we have still the middle finger left in jeopardy without a use. May this have given rise to the expression in Malay of Jari-antu, the middle finger, literally the ghost-finger, the goblin-finger; or Jari mati, the dead finger, see Crawfurds Malay dictionary Page 58. The name for Seven in Javanese and many other Polynesian tongues is Pitu, which may be an abbreviation of the Javanese Pituduh, a pointer, an index, that which shows the way. And Tujuh may then be derived from the same word by dropping the initial Pi and converting the D into J, as Jěrami in Sunda, paddy straw, becomes Dami in Malay, and Dhami in Javanese. Japit or Jěpit in Malay, to squeeze, to jam together, becomes Dapit in Sunda. In the language of


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206 Kasmaran, a Jampé so called, the tendency of which is that no one will take offence at us. Also a Jampé by which one person is made to fall in love with another. This is derived from Kama the god of love who is also called Sang Hyang Smara. Bat. Trans: Vol. 22 Page 42. A philtre, a love charm.
 * Samāra, C. 710, having the passions unsubdued. See Asmara.
 * Samara, C. 709, a name of Kama, the deity of love; with the Polynesian prefix ka, and suffix an = Kasmaran.

Kaso, called in Malay, Glaga, Saccharum glaga; a reed which grows very luxuriantly, and to the height of tenor a dozen feet, forming almost impenetrable bushes. Though a variety of the sugarcane, the Kaso contains no saccharine matter, and is not thicker than a man's finger, Kasa, C. 122, a kind of reed or long grass (Saccharum Spontaneum).

Kasongkét, an arěui or liane with a thick stem from which project a series of small pedicles $1 1⁄2$ à 2 inches long, which are covered with small flowerlets.

Kasongket, is also the name of a tall reedy grass, with long terminal hairy or feathery spike which is white and looks like a hairy cats tail.

Kasturi, musk, such as procured from animals—from the civetcat. Kasturu and Kasturyya, C. 116. musk, civet. (Skr. Kastûrî, Kastûrikâ and Kasturikâ, musk, the animal perfume so called. Wilson.)

Kasugihan, riches, wealth, opulence. (Sugih, Jav. Balin. Rich, opulent.)

Kasuhur, renowned, celebrated, famous. Arabic Mashur, Marsden P. 324. (مَشْهُوْرٌ Mashhûr; our word is rather derived from the substantive شُهْرَةٌ Shuhrat, divulgation, fame, with the Polynesian Prefix ka. Fr.)

Kasumba, and also kasumba-jawa, safflower. Carthamus tinctorius. Kasumbha, C. 134 Carthamus tinctorius (Scr. Kusumbha. Wilson.)

Kasungka, name of a liane in the jungle which gives an edible bean. Gnetum latifolium.

Kasur, a mattress, a bed made of cloth stuffed with cotton. (Jav. Mal. id.)

Kasura, to get a small spine or thorn stuck in the foot. Wounded in the foot by any small sharp thing.

Kasurupan, to become impregnated with to be possessed of; absorbed, sunk into; set as the sun. Kasurupan dědéwan, to be possessed of a supernatural spirit, of some evil genius. Kasurupan mata poi di jalan, the sun set while I was yet on the road. (Surup Jav. To get into, to get through; to go under, said of the sun.)

Kasusahan, in trouble, in difficulties, perplexed, down cast, afflicted. (From Susah.)

Kasut, embroidered slippers, such as worn by Chinese women of note.

Katagian, to have an involuntary longing for anything to which we are accustomed, and which we cannot resist, as the longing of a drunkard for liquor, of an opium smoker for opium, and the like. Derived from the word Tagi to dun, to bother for payment or performance of any duty. (Jav. Nagih, from Tagih with the same meaning as here Tagi. Katagian is used at Batavia, Fr.)


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248 Lědug. muddy, when said of water; turbid. Thick dust flying about.

Lé-ěh, melted, softened with heat; to become liquid.

Lěg, the idiomatic expression of swallowing, of bolting down the throat. Lěg bai di těurěui and he gulped it down his throat.

Lěgah, broad, roomy, extensive, wide. Sawah lěgah, an extensive sawah; Enggon na lěgah, its hole is wide.

Légé, a cockchafer, melolontha vulgaris. The beetle, shape of the onggrét grub, which see.

Lěgědu, dirty, muddy.

Légér, a leager. The Dutch word legger; a water cask.

Lěgět, a property of well boiled rice. Adhering together when squeezed in the hand and still not clammy: nearly the same as Pulěn. which see.

Lěgěuděut, to move in mass, to slip down in a heap, as the side of a hill when saturated with rain. To move as a crowd of men or an army.

Lěglěgan, to swallow, to gulp up.

Lěgok, hollow, having a cavity. A hole in the ground. A depression on the surface. A deep narrow valley.

Lěgon, a small bay or inlet of the sea. Quere? is the English word lagoon this word adopted?

Lěguk, a draught of anything to drink, a gulp of water.

Lého, snot, mucous matter coming from the nose.

Léjét, a variety of gourd. The outer skin or shell is thick, hard and firm, and when the soft contents are extracted, the shell is in very general use for a drinking vessel or for holding drinking water. Cucurbita idolatrica.

Léko-léko, the bends and recesses of a winding river.

Lěkoh, strong of ingredients, as tea or coffee made too strong. Said of a flood or inundation which comes down in the shape of very muddy water.

Lėla, a long and thin native brass cannon, generally turning on a pivot.

Léla, pleased, content, satisfied, as the natives say, but it is apparently arabic to correspond with Lahir and Batin, and may thus mean- events or times which are gone by. Occurs in the expression Léla, lahir, batin, an expression which conveys the idea of full and unreserved consent and approval. Léla, approved of; or what has occurred in former times; Lahir, what is seen, or the present; Batin, what is yet in futurity, and thus not known. As if a man gave his consent regarding all that which had gone before, what now exists, or may exist hereafter. Past- present and future. (Scr. Lîlâ, play, sport, pastime. Much used in Kawi.)

Lělah, weary, faint, tired from exertion, exhausted.

Lélang, an auction, a public outcry. Leylam or Leilao, Portugeese, a public sale. Surat lélang, a newspaper, literally a written paper about auctions.

Lélé, a fish found in swamps or stagnant pools, and also in rivers. It is provided with sharp spikes at the end of the fins, near the head, which give painful wounds. Clarias punctatus.


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 The estimate given me by the Chinese Consul-General at Singapore, a Kwangtung man, as to the proportion of the whole population speaking some form of Mandarin, was about three hundred millions out of a possible three hundred and sixty millions, and this agrees with other statements that I have seen. If this be so, then the enormous majority of the people have the bond of a common tongue. And more than that, all the educated—a small proportion, of course, although many more know a few symbols—have a common written language.

But as Confucius said thousands of years ago, "not all words are in books, nor all thoughts in words," and the traditions of nature worship, Taoism, Buddhism, of Confucius himself, have all put their stamp upon the Chinese, whether of the North or South, and the journeying coolie (and it must be remembered he is a great wanderer), no matter where he goes in China, will find himself among men who recognize the same obligations, cringe under the same superstitious fears, and strive toward the same goal of material well-being as himself. Fundamental differences do certainly exist; North and South China are divided in speech, and the people are unlike, physically and mentally, but I wonder if the separation is really deeper than that between the Northern and the Southern States in America to-day.

We talk of China as in decay, of the Chinese as

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Rh Bima, by way of exception to the otherwise almost universal Pitu, this word assumes the shape of Pidu, which has no doubt been formed by dropping the middle syllable of Pituduh, instead of the final syllable.

Tujuh-blas, seventeen.

Tujuh-puluh, seventy.

Tujuh, a disease, sickness. Tujuh kuliling, a disease in which either man or beast, most frequently the latter, keeps twisting and turning in a circle.

Tukang, an artificer, a man skilled in any department of knowledge, especially manual; an artist, a wright, a craftsman, a manufacturer; an adept. The word is always prefixed to the trade of which he is designated as the exerciser. See following examples.

Tukang arit, a grass-cutter.

Tukang batu, a mason, a bricklayer, a stone-cutter.

Tukang béa, a toll-collector, a tax-gatherer. A collector of customs.

Tukang běusi, a blacksmith, a worker in iron.

Tukang bohong, a liar, a man who always tells lies.

Tukang chai, a water-carrier. A person who has charge of water-works.

Tukang chat, a painter.

Tukang chuké, a tax-gatherer. A person employed to look after and collect a land-owner's share of the crop as it comes off the ground.

Tukang chukur, a barber. A person who shaves.

Tukang érétan, a ferry-man.

Tukang giling, a miller, a man who grinds.

Tukang hukur, a land-surveyor. A man who measures.

Tukang humah, a man who makes a human rice-field.

Tukang jagal, a butcher.

Tukang jalan, a man who is always wandering about.

Tukang kapal, a man who earns his lively hood by doing something at ships; a sailor; a shipwright.

Tukang kayu, a carpenter.

Tukang kěbon, a gardener.

Tukang kuda, a stable-boy, a horse-keeper.

Tukang kulit, a man who collects the hides of the government hide-farm. A currier.

Tukang kuris, a vaccinator.

Tukang maling, a robber, an adept at thieving.

Tukang maryěm, a cannonier, a gunner.

Tukang mas, a goldsmith, also a silversmith.

Tukang masak, a cook, a person who prepares anything by boiling, as a sugar boiler or the like, though masak alone is not used in Sunda.

Tukang méja, a table-servant, a butler, a person in charge of the pantry.

Tukang muluku, a ploughman.


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 aged, and the country as exhausted. It is true the soil has been man-handled for ages, like the soil of India, but over great areas it constantly renews its fertility, and, anyway, most of China's resources are underground, untouched. The Government of last year was rotten to the core; it had outlived its day. But the Government was not the people, and the Chinese are neither worn out nor unsound.

I think it must be because everything seems finished in China that people talk about her decay. The whole thing impresses you as having been made and completed, after a fashion, a long time ago. Nowhere, save where the touch of the West has been felt, do you see things being tried for the first time. Everything has been done in China so many, many times, for so many centuries, and the results have spread abroad all over the empire; everywhere, in the remotest corners, you find the same ingeniously contrived commercial system, the same symmetrical and complicated social order. Being a very clever and resourceful people that has lived a long time, the Chinese have found out a great many things for themselves, and as there was no other clever and resourceful people at hand to incite them to other and better ways of doing some things, they went on as they were, neither spending their strength nor sharpening their wits in trying experiments. Indeed, experimenting stopped centuries ago; each natural

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 difficulty, every social and economic problem had been met and answered in some sort of way, and so the people lived year after year, doing things just as their fathers had done them. And now they impress one as very experienced, though old-fashioned; but not aged,—no, not at all.

On the contrary, face to face with the Chinese at home, one is overwhelmed by an impression of power,—actual power, potential power, power of the individual, power of the group, power well used, power misspent. The impression is almost stunning. You seem to be watching a community of ants, persistent, untiring, organized, only the ant-hill is a town, and the ants are men physically strong, gluttons for work, resourceful, adaptable, cheerful. Then multiply such ant-hills by thousands and you have China. For not merely is the Chinese the best worker in the world, but he also leads in organization. No Chinese stands alone; behind him is the family, the clan, the guild. He does not confront life naked and solitary, he is one of a group; that gives him confidence, and keeps him under control. It makes it both easier and more difficult to deal with him. Treat him unjustly, and you are fighting, not a man but a group. But if he wrongs you, you have a hold upon him, you can call him to account through his group.

And the power of organization smooths greatly the daily machinery of living in China. As I leaned over

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 the side of the steamer in Singapore Harbour, watching the seven hundred coolies come aboard that we were taking home to Kwangtung province, the chief officer remarked to me, "A thousand Chinese make us less trouble than one Indian"; and he went on to explain, "When we enter here, half a dozen Chinese boarding-house keepers come on board and ask how much deck-room we have. They agree on what they want, and then each stakes out his claim, as it were, with bits of red paper emblazoned with Chinese characters. A little later coolies come, bringing the luggage of the home-going Chinese, each thing marked with a piece of red paper with the same black lettering. They ask no questions, but look about until they have found the corresponding marks on the deck, and there they unload. And later the Kwangtung men arrive, each with a red ticket, and they too ask no questions, but just hunt up their things all properly marked, and then proceed to make themselves comfortable. And no one is bothered."

Or to turn to larger things, what was it but this same power of organization that made ready a great revolutionary movement, permeating a population of three hundred odd millions, and spreading over an area of a million and a half square miles, and all so well and secretly done that, though suspected, it could not be discovered? The Turkish Revolution seemed a triumph of secret preparation, but there

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 the task was to convert an organization already made; here it was necessary both to arouse and to organize.

But then China has ages of experience, both in organizing and in rebelling, back of to-day. Establishing a Republic, however, is something new; the Chinese have never before tried their hand at that, but if they will only bring into play now all their undoubted power of organization, of resource, of moderation, they will certainly make a success of their new experiment in government. Given time, and they will do it. Perhaps my view of China's future is rose-coloured. But the thing seen and felt is of tremendous force, and the impression of power that the Chinese made upon me was rather overwhelming. And, anyway, a friendly opinion may be pardoned in one who, during months of solitary travel in China, never met anything but courtesy and consideration from all, whether coolie on the road, villager or innkeeper, official or priest.

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Rh patut, what is proper-proper, fit. R. van Eysinga's Javanese Dictionary 1835. Janghâ C. 208. The calf of the leg.

Kangjěng Sinuhun, a title addressed to an Emperor or king, and may be translated. "Your royal feet which are besought", or in general terms. "Your illustrious Highness".

Kangkaréng, a variety of Buceros bird.

Kangkong, a kind of frog or toad which makes a great noise in wet weather. Rather smaller than the Bangkong.

Kangkowak, any seed or fruit which has sprouted, but only as yet got seedling leaves.

Kangkung, Ipomaea reptans, a variety of Boléd, only it is smaller in both leaf and potatoe. It has a similar root. It can be dug in 4 or 5 months, whereas Boléd riquires much longer time to come to perfection.

Kangkurahan, to rince, to clean with water, especially a bottle. (Jav. Kurah, to rince the mouth. Also Kěkurah).

Kanigara, viz Kěbo Kanigara, a chief of Pajang, second son of Andaya ning rat, by one of the daughters of Browijaya and the princess of Champa. Khani, 158 the sun. Agāra, C. 61, a house. The house or abode of the sun.

Kaniki or Chikaniki, a river flowing from the Gunung Kendang over the Jambu Estate into Chidani river. The word Kaniki is not Sunda, but may be Sanscrit and the feminine of Kanika Clough 103 very small. Mr. Friederich supplies me with the Sanscrit word Kanika, a small particle. In the feminine, an atom, small, minute. The Chikaniki is only small in comparison with the Chidani into which it flows. Or the name may have originally attached to some of the upland branches of the stream The Chikaniki flows in front of the Passir Koléangkak on which is still found a rock fast in the earth bearing a Sanscrit inscription. Clough Page 158 gives Khanika from Khana, to dig, a miner, and also a rat, a house breaker; perhaps made Khaniki in the feminine for a river, and may have indicated the propensity of the river to undermine its banks, as nothing in the shape of a mine is known here. It may allude to the river having cut a deep bed in a narrow valley, as is the case in the upper part of its course. See voce Chikaniki.

Kanta, signs, gestures, such as a dumb man makes.

Kantéh, thread spun from cotton, twist, thread for weaving. Probably derived from Katinawa C. 99 to spin as thread.

Kantong, a pouch, a small bag of cloth which rolls up and in which are carried the Sěurěuh apparatus, a few doits or other trifles. The Kantong is worn stuk in the belt or Běuběur. (Bat. idem.)

Kantor, a government office. The Dutch word kantoor office; a place where public business is transacted.

Kanugrahan, in easy circumstances, in affluence, pleasant and easy. Anugraha, C. 29, favour, help, assistance, conferring benefits by promoting good and preventing ill.

Kanya, a virgin, occurs in the formation of some proper names in ancient history. Kanya, C. 104 a virgin, also one of the signs of the Zodiac-Virgo.


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 drove. It was an early spring day in the South. The fields and woods were heavy from the soaking rains. The horses dragged the carriage slowly over the long road, sticky with brown clay and rough with masses of stones thrown here and there to be broken and trodden into place by passing teams. Over and through the soaking earth was the feathery new spring growth of little flowers, of young leaves and of ferns. The tree tops were all bright with reds and yellows, with brilliant gleaming whites and gorgeous greens. All the lower air was full of the damp haze rising from heavy soaking water on the earth, mingled with a warm and pleasant smell from the blue smoke of the spring fires in all the open fields. And above all this was the clear, upper air, and the songs of birds and the joy of sunshine and of lengthening days.

The languor and the stir, the warmth and weight and the strong feel of life from the deep centres of the earth that comes always with the early, soaking spring, when it is not answered with an active fervent joy, gives always anger, irritation and unrest.

To Anna alone there in the carriage, drawing always nearer to the struggle with her mistress, the warmth, the slowness, the jolting over stones, the steaming from the horses, the cries of men and animals and birds, and the new life all round about were simply maddening. "Baby! if you don't lie still, I think I kill you. I can't stand it any more like this."

At this time Anna, about twenty-seven years of age, was not yet all thin and worn. The sharp bony edges and corners of her head and face were still rounded out with flesh, but already the temper and the humor showed sharply in her clean blue eyes, and the thinning was begun about the lower jaw, that was so often strained with the upward pressure of resolve.

To-day, alone there in the carriage, she was all stiff and yet all trembling with the sore effort of decision and revolt.

As the carriage turned into the Wadsmith gate, little Jane ran out to see. She just looked at Anna's face; she did not say a word about blue dressings.

Anna got down from the carriage with little Baby in her


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 arms. She took out all the goods that she had brought and the carriage drove away. Anna left everything on the porch, and went in to where Miss Mary Wadsmith was sitting by the fire.

Miss Mary was sitting in a large armchair by the fire. All the nooks and crannies of the chair were filled full of her soft and spreading body. She was dressed in a black satin morning gown, the sleeves, great monster things, were heavy with the mass of her soft flesh. She sat there always, large, helpless, gentle. She had a fair, soft, regular, good-looking face, with pleasant, empty, grey-blue eyes, and heavy sleepy lids.

Behind Miss Mary was the little Jane, nervous and jerky with excitement as she saw Anna come into the room. "Miss Mary," Anna began. She had stopped just within the door, her body and her face stiff with repression, her teeth closed hard and the white lights flashing sharply in the pale, clean blue of her eyes. Her bearing was full of the strange coquetry of anger and of fear, the stiffness, the bridling, the suggestive movement underneath the rigidness of forced control, all the queer ways the passions have to show themselves all one.

"Miss Mary," the words came slowly with thick utterance and with jerks, but always firm and strong. "Miss Mary, I can't stand it any more like this. When you tell me anything to do, I do it.  I do everything I can and you know I work myself sick for you.  The blue dressings in your room makes too much work to have for summer.  Miss Jane don't know what work is.  If you want to do things like that I go away."

Anna stopped still. Her words had not the strength of meaning they were meant to have, but the power in the mood of Anna's soul frightened and awed Miss Mary through and through.

Like in all large and helpless women, Miss Mary's heart beat weakly in the soft and helpless mass it had to govern. Little Jane's excitements had already tried her strength. Now she grew pale and fainted quite away.

"Miss Mary!" cried Anna running to her mistress and supporting all her helpless weight back in the chair.


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 Little Jane, distracted, flew about as Anna ordered, bringing smelling salts and brandy and vinegar and water and chafing poor Miss Mary's wrists.

Miss Mary slowly opened her mild eyes. Anna sent the weeping little Jane out of the room. She herself managed to get Miss Mary quiet on the couch.

There was never a word more said about blue dressings.

Anna had conquered, and a few days later little Jane gave her a green parrot to make peace.

For six more years little Jane and Anna lived in the same house. They were careful and respectful to each other to the end.

Anna liked the parrot very well. She was fond of cats too and of horses, but best of all animals she loved the dog and best of all dogs, little Baby, the first gift from her friend, the widow Mrs. Lehntman.

The widow Mrs. Lehntman was the romance in Anna's life.

Anna met her first at the house of her half brother, the baker, who had known the late Mr. Lehntman, a small grocer, very well.

Mrs. Lehntman had been for many years a midwife. Since her husband's death she had herself and two young children to support.

Mrs. Lehntman was a good looking woman. She had a plump well rounded body, clear olive skin, bright dark eyes and crisp black curling hair. She was pleasant, magnetic, efficient and good. She was very attractive, very generous and very amiable.

She was a few years older than our good Anna, who was soon entirely subdued by her magnetic, sympathetic charm.

Mrs. Lehntman in her work loved best to deliver young girls who were in trouble. She would take these into her own house and care for them in secret, till they could guiltlessly go home or back to work, and then slowly pay her the money for their care. And so through this new friend


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Rh. Its native country appears to be the Moluccos, but it is now plentifully planted about the European towns in Java, and used for shading the public roads.

Kanas, a Pine apple. Name derived from the European word Ananas. It grows now very abundantly every where, but has always been planted by man. Bromelia Ananas.

Kanchana, golden, gold. Kāchana, C. 118, turmeric; also the name of several plants and trees, which they bear in consequence of the yellow colour of their flowers, as the Champaka &c. (Kȧnchana Skr. Means gold; it is very common word in Kawi; the Javanese called formerly the southern part of Borneo Nusa Kanchana, the island of gold. Fr.)

Kanchara, name of the largest and best fish of the mountain rivers. Called in Malay Tambra. (Perhaps called Tambra from the copper-colour of one species Fr.)

Kanchěuh, fallen ill again in sickness; having got a relapse.

Kanching, a button; a bolt, a peg of wood or iron driven in to hold same other object fast. (Jav. Mal. idem.)

Kanchingan, to fasten with a Kanching; to bolt, to bar, to button. To fasten by driving in a peg.

Kancholah, a Braggadocio, a swaggerer. Said of a man who wants to carry every thing with a high hand.

Kanchur, the metal of a cast iron pan worked up for an inferior kind of steel.

Kandang, a pen, a fold, inclosure, shed for cattle. (Mal. Jav. idem ).

Kandang Wěsi, Iron cage. A place so called in ancient Javanese history, and most probably in Jampang of the Prianger Regencies.

Kandar, to drag, to pull along, to haul.

Kandas, aground, ashore, grounded. Cleaned out, all gone to the last article. Said of any article which was being distributed, but is now done.

Kandayan, part of the native weaving apparatus. The frame for holding the Kėrékans, when the pattern is given to the cloth, and then would round the Pihanéan.

Kandayang Tani, a female character. A sort of goddess presiding over agriculture. Kānana, C 118, a forest, a grove, and Dayang, vide voce. Tani in Sunda, industrious. Thus the „Forest-damsel who is industrious”. Agriculture began by felling the forest and making humahs.


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Rh of stick with a fibrous point used by painters. Tuli, C 240, a fibrous stick or brush, used by weavers for cleaning the threads of the woof; a painters brush, a fibrous stick used for that purpose. Again at page 6 of Clough we find Akshara-tulika, from Aksara, a letter, and Tulika, a brush = a pen. The final S is the only difficulty in the case, and Tulis no doubt means a method of writing, by painting on the letters, derived from India, which would supersede the Gurat and Surat, cr characters scratched on bambu. See Surat. There is a word in Singhalese which Clough appears to have omitted, but it is given at page 50 of Lambricks Singhalese Vocabulary, viz Lissanawa, to slip, to slide. Perhaps the crude part of this word, which would be Lis, has been joined to Tuli= Tuli-lis, elided into Tulis, as indicating the gliding motion of the brush. The lis in the sense of slipping or missing is heard in the word Pasalisihan, Salisih, which see.

Tulisan, a writing, a delineation. Predestination, appointed hour. Dalang ka tulisan nana, his hour has come. His registered fate has arrived.

Tulugtug, a stake, to stick into the ground. A thick stick sharpened and set into the ground.

Tulung, Tulungan, to help, to assist. Aid, assistance, support.

Tulus, done, accomplished, perfected. To come about, to happen. Tulus ayĕunah sugi, it now takes place that he becomes rich. Tulus lĕumpang ? is it to take. place that you set out Tulus di jadikĕa, It has now come to pass that it is made. Hanto tulus, it does not take place.

Tuluskĕn, to bring to pass, to cause, to take place. To execute.

Tuma, a flea or vermin that infests dirty clothing, and changes colour with the cloth.

Tumagung or Tumunggung, derived from Tua old, and Agung , chief, — comprising thus a combination of qualities held in high respect by the natives , viz age and high birth. The um put between the two words implies: similarity to, possessing the qualities of, — and in some cases continuity or repetition. Thus also in the Sunda language the word Jumarum, means like a needle, from Jarum, a needle; and Tumumbak, like a spear or Tumbak, two designations applied to sprouting paddy. On Timor the village chiefs are called Tumagung. Tijdsehrift voor Ned. Indie, 1 jaargang, deel 1, page 393. In Java Tumagung is a title for a native chief next below Adipati.

Tuman, accustomed, in the habit of doing anything. Ti tutur datang ka tuman, from habit becoming accustomed.

Tumanihna, when at liberty, when you have time, at your convenience. The word is also sometimes heard as Tumaninah. Eŭkĕur tumaninah, I have now leisure. Tumbak, a spear, a weapon of defence, a lance. A land measure of 12 Rhineland feet of each 12,357 English inches; see Kaki. A rood. Most probably derived from tĕuwĕuk, to stab, the peculiar um being introduced, and the w converted into b, and thus an object with which to stab. It is supposed that originally the word Tumbak was taken for a land-measure from the length of a chiefs spear, which is borne as a mark of dignity before him ,and was thus always handy for reference.


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 a boundary question between the province and Burma. A boycott of British goods had been started which would have been more effective if there had been more goods to boycott, but it indicated the feeling of the people, and the viceroy, Li Ching Hsi, was winning golden opinions for the stand he took in the matter, which, however, did not save him from ignominious deportation by the Revolutionary party only a few months later.

But whatever the feeling towards foreigners in the mass, the individual foreigner seemed to meet with no unfriendliness on the part of the people in Yunnan-fu, and apparently official relations were on a cordial footing. I found the Bureau of Foreign Affairs ready to do all it could to smooth my way across Yunnan, but perhaps that was due in part to the fact that the chief of the bureau had been for several years consul in New York. By arrangement I called one afternoon, in company with a missionary lady, upon his wife. Threading our way through narrow, winding streets, our chairs turned in at an inconspicuous doorway and we found ourselves in a large compound, containing not so much one house as a number of houses set down among gay gardens. The building in which we were received consisted apparently of two rooms, an anteroom and a reception room. The latter was furnished in the usual style (invariable, it seems to me, from country inn to prince's palace), heavy high

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Rh Tinunan, the object wove, the web.

Tipagut, to get a wound or hurt on upper part of body. See Titajong.

Tipar, dry land ploughed up to plant paddy in the same way as corn is planted in Europe. Contradistinguished from Sawah and Humah, which see.

Tipatĕr, stuck fast in mud or mire. See Patĕran.

Tiplĕk, a long narrow basket with a spring door to close it, set in rivers to catch fish and especially eels. When the fish has got well in he pulls at a bait, whereby be closes the door behind him.

Tiporos, said of the foot slipping into a narrow hole. Said of the foot of either man or beast which sinks down either into the earth or through a rotten bridge or the like.

Tipu, to deceive by art, to impose upon. Deceit, wile, stratagem.

Tipung, flour, meal. Tipung tarigo, wheaten flour. Béas di tipung, the rice was made into flour.

Tiram, oysters, ostrea.

Tiris, having the sensation of cold on the body. Shivering with cold.

Tirta, a word occurring in the composition of proper names, meaning water. Raffles gives Tirta for water in his Vocabulary of Kawi words supplied by the Panambahan of Sumenap. Raffles' Java, Appendix.

Tirta-yasa, name of one of the former Sultans of Bantam, who cut a canal from the Chidurian into the Under-Andir river. The canal is also known by the same name, or as the Sultan's canal, and means: Tirta, in Kawi, water, and Yasa, C. 572, fame, glory, celebrity = the famous water. This canal is also known by the name of Daro.

Tiru, to imitate, to mock another man's ways and manners. Tiruwā, C. 233, a fool, a simpleton. Perhaps confounded by the Polynesians with mocking, imitating, from a man making a fool of himself by mocking others.

Tiruk, to insert a needle in and out of cloth several times when sewing, and then drawing the thread through. To herring-bone.

Tisaradat, fallen in consequence of slipping on the ground.

Tisuk, name of a tree. Hibiscus Spathaceus.

Titah, to command, to order, to direct. To issue a mandate. Di tilah kadiyo, I have ordered him to come here. Titah mĕuli paré, order him to buy paddy. Di titah undur, they have ordered them to go backwards, — to return.

Titahan, to give an order. Order given. A person sent on an errand.

Titajong, to knock the foot against anything. To get a wound in the foot. See Tipagut.

Titi, due respect to great men.

Titinchak, anything to step on. A stepping-stone in a river. A lit of wood or bambu set anywhere to stand upon.

Titip and Titipan, to consign or give over into the care of another. To entrust. Njatu gula titipan, to eat sugar which has been given us in trust: to violate a trust, not able to resist the sweets although entrusted to pur honour. (An almost universal


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498 Timur-kidul, south-east.

Timur, name of a large island in the south-east part of the Archipelago, famous for good horses and bees-wax.

Tinchak and Tinchakan, to tread upon, to set foot upon. This word is formed from the particle Ti, which see, and Inchak, which in Malay is Injak, to tread or to trample.

Tindak, and Tindak-tanduk, due respect to great men.

Tindakkěn, to cause to start; to start off any one. See Nindak.

Tindih, di tindih, to bore the ears for earrings. See Tundukan.

Tindih, to lie upon, to be superincumbent. To overlay, to press one upon another. To put a person under some necessity or obligation to do something.

Tindihkĕn, to place or fling upon. To put under an obligation. Lauk kěbo harga sapuluh rupiyah di tindihkěn ka lumbur itu, buffalo-flesh to the value of ten rupees was sent to that village (to be divided among the people, who must pay for it). Kěbo bějad ai tindihkěn ka bujang, to distribute the flesh of a worked up buffalo among a lot of paid labourers (who have to pay for what they get).

Ting, an idiomatic expression difficult to translate but approaches nearest to: being, were, — from to be, and generally precedes words made plural. Ting nararangtung bai, they were all standing up. Ting hararadé, they were all good. Ting gararěblěg, they were a parcel of fools. Ting pororondok těněpi, being all so short they would not reach across.

Tingali and Tingalian, to view, to inspect, to behold, to examine.

Ting'as, to cut a piece of wood or bambu at their end with a slope or inclination, not sharp off.

Tin'gat, to remember, to call to memory. Recollected.

Tinggal, Hoih tinggal, a handsome variety of mottled rattan, in request for walking sticks. It is found only about Java Head and on Princes Island.

Tinggal, to remain over, to be left, to be as a remainder. Tinggal tilu děui, three remain over, — only three are left. To be left behind; to die, to decease.

Tinggalkěn, to leave behind, to desert, to abandon. Di tinggalkěn di lěuwěung, we left him in the forest. Sawah di tinggalkěn, we abandoned our sawahs.

Tinggalung, rails for the verandah of a house. Neatly cut upright rails.

Tinggang, to hit, to strike, to touch, to come in contact with.

Tinggang, a variety of turmeric with unpleasant smell.

Tingka, airs, assumed importance; department, behavior. Tanka, 216, pride, arrogance.

Tinjĕl, a small cocoa-nut growing on the south coast of Bantam, said to be very rich in oil. Pulo Tinjĕl, a small island off the south coast of Bantam, said to have many of these cocoa-nuts.

Tinun, to weave, to weave cloth. In composition often heard as Ninun, which is perhaps indicative of the motion of the shuttle passing backwards and forwards through the web: Nin-nun.


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Rh Tilĕm, to dive, to disappear under water.

Tilĕp, to fold together any broad, flat substance, as a piece of cloth or the like. See Tikel. Eta injuk tilĕpken ka jĕro, fold that injuk inwards.

Tilĕung, squinting, cock-eyed.

Tilil, name of a bird, a sort of water-wagtail.

Tilok, never, never by chance. Compounded of To, the negative no, not, and Ilok, sometimes.

Tilu, three, also sometimes Talu, and Tolu, which see.

Tilu-blas, or Tilu-wĕlas, thirteen.

Tilu-puluh, thirty.

Timah, tin, lead. The former distinguished as Timah putih, white tin, and the latter as Timah hidĕung, black tin.

Timah-sari, spelter, much used for making brass. Sari, see voce; thus the flower of tin or lead, or the metal which gives beauty (to copper).

Timba, a small bucket used for dipping water out of a well. This timba is often made of light materials, as the young leaves of some palm-tree, matted together, or of upik.

Timbang, to weigh; to put in scales or on a steelyard to weigh. To take into consideration, to ponder, to balance in the mind. To estimate. To make levels with square and plummet. To balance or trim a boat, or any other conveyance or object on which we rest.

Timbangan, scales. Any contrivance for weighing. Balance, counterpoise, consideration, adjustment, fairness.

Timbul, to rise to the surface. To appear by rising. To float upward. To spring or shoot up as seeds; to germinate. To arise, to emerge. To appear after absence. The etymon of the word is Bul, rising up, which see.

Timbulkĕn, to cause to appear, to bring to light.

Timburuan, jealous. Instigated by jealousy.

Timpa, to strike by falling on. To smite, to beat. To forge with a hammer. To stamp, to impress with some machine.

Timpug, to fling with violence upon. To throw anything with violence down upon another. Di timpug ku batu, he smashed down stones upon him. A way of taking fish is called Timpug. Upon a stone, under which fish are supposed to be concealed, another heavy stone is flung, whereby said fish are stunned, and can be easily taken in the hand.

Timu, to find, to search and get. To comprehend. Timu di jalan, found it on the road. To timu rasiyah na, I do not comprehend that secret. To timu kaharti na, I do not comprehend its meaning.

Timur, the east, eastern. The word appears to be derived front the sun rising into view in the morning. See Ur, with the Ti as a preposition, and the intervention of m for euphony.

Timur-kalér, north-east.


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496 :impose, as a share of work, of a tax, or of any contribution to be made. Pipajĕgĕun to mahi, nibahkĕn dĕui ka batur, we had not got enough to pay the tax, so we apportioned further upon the companions (people). Bĕdul di nu lĕgok di tibahkĕn ku batu, there was a pig in a hollow, and we flung stones upon it. Tibahkĕn binih, to scatter out seed for growing.

Tibalik, turned upside down, inverted.

Tiban, an expression in the opium farm. That certain and fixed quantity of opium which the farmer must take monthly form Government at a certain rate.

Tidagor, hit, struck, injured by a thump, bumped.

Tidékos, put out of joint. Said of a limb which is injured.

Tindinyo, from that, from that very spot. Thence.

Tiĕup, to blow. Di tiĕup angin, it was blown by the wind. Tiĕup sĕunĕuh, to blow the fire,— means to light a fire.

Tiguling, to roll over and over; to roll down a hill.

Tihang, a post, a pillar, a long pole. A mast.

Tihang bandéra, a flag staff.

Tihang layar, literally a post for a sail; a mast. The upright piece in a Chinese plough.

Ti-is, cold, cool. Chi ti-is, cold water. Ti-is lĕungĕun, cold handed, which means a person in whose hands matters prosper, in contradistinction to Panas lĕungĕun, which is the reverse.

Tiké, a sort of grass growing on the sea shore.

Tikĕ1, to fold or bend together any narrow or stringy substance, as a rope, a string, piece of plant, straw, grass, etc. See Tilep. Probably derived from Ikal, curly as the hair, as if bent and twisted.

Tikĕl-balung, literally bent- bones. Name of a plant with thin, narrow stem like bits of string, which yield a white juice. A variety of Euphorbia Tirucalli.

Tikĕskĕn, to snap a tender plant so that it hangs downwards.

Tikiwari, at the this present moment. See Kiwari. Sometimes Tikiwari is from this moment.

Tikoro, the throat, the gullet. The passage from the mouth to the stomach.

Tikukur, Columba tigrina, the turtle-dove, which is so often heard cooing about houses or the haunts of man. See Kukuruyuk. In Malay Kukur is a turtle-dove; Marsden, 275.

Tikusuruk, to fall in running and scrub oneself along the ground. To fall from a height, as from a tree, scrubbing the body along the object during the fall.

Tilam, anything spread out under another, as a cloth on a table (under the dishes), a carpet, carpetting, bedding, a mat to sit on, leaves spread out to support anything and keep it clean. Imah di tilaman samak, the house was lined (on the floor) with mats.

Tilas, to cut anything which is not very thick or hard, as small sticks, bambus, sugar-cane, vegetables in a garden or the like. To cut such objects as may be cut at one moderate stroke.


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196 Kandé, a scrip, a wallet, a small bag slung over the shoulder and carried about by a man wherever he goes, containing Sěurěuh and many other small objects. Ngaitkěn kandé to hang up the bag- means to take up your quarters with any one; make yourself at home and allowed to hang up your bag. Or in some sense to be admitted as a courtier or lover, and thus to familiarly divest yourself of the bag. (Jav. Kandi, a bag. )

Kanděl, thick- not as liquids but as solid substances- liquids when thick are called Kimpěl. Kayu nu kanděl, a piece of thick wood- Kanděl biwir na, thick lipped- telling arrant lies. Kuda éta kanděl awak na, that horse has a thick body, is stoutly built. (Kěntěl in Javanese and Batav. means thick, stiff, just when speaking of liquids. Kanděl  Jav. has the same meaning as in Sundanese. Fr.)

Kandung, to carry anything on the back wrapped up in a cloth, or more generally in the folds of the Samping; to carry a child on the back so wrapped up. (Mal. idem.)

Kanduruan, a petty title of distinction, lower than a Rangga, in use about Buitenzorg and in the Prianger Regencies. The kanduruans have charge of the bridges and roads, and look after the watchmen. This word may perhaps be derived from Duruwa, Clough 278, a child, an infant with the Polynesian pre- and suffixes Ka and an, meaning thereby, young lads, the children of chiefs, employed to bring over the orders of such chiefs, by way of starting them in some useful employment. This however leaves the n between ka and Duruwa to be inserted Euphoniæ gratiȃ.

Kang, with, by, to; as Kang aing, with or by me, meaning I will take it. It is perhaps in this sense only the preposition Ka with ng suffixed before a vowel.

Kang, a familiar expression for Kaka, elder brother. A term of politeness addressed to a stranger, who is older than the speaker.

Kanjěng, is a title applied to high personages, invested with power, and is used when speaking as well of native chiefs on Java and Bali, as of the high European authorities, as the Governor General, or even the Residents. The etymon of the word may probably be found in the word Jěng which in a vocabulary of Kawi words in Raffles vol 2 appendix Page 169 is given as the Foot, in the same way as Paduka has the same meaning, and also applied to people of high rank; as if the speaker was unworthy to look higher or mention a more honourable part of the chief whom he adresses. It may in general terms be translated- illustrious. The Kang prefixed to Jěng is probably the Javanese Kang, who, which, that which, and placed before an active verb converts it into a substantive shape, as Kang nguchap, who speaks, the speaker. Kang


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Rh Tĕundĕun, to put, to place. To stow away, to lay by. To put away for future use.

Tĕundĕut, and Tĕundĕutkĕn, to ram in, to cause, to pierce, to stab. Péso tĕundĕut, a dagger, a knife for stabbing.

Tĕunĕung, daring, fearless, bold.

Tĕunggĕul, to strike, to lick, to wallop, to thrash. Tĕupa, to work iron, to work as a blacksmith.

Tĕurak, to take effect, to make an impression, to leave a mark, to hit. Ku gobang aing mohal to tĕurak, with my weapon you may be sure it will cut. Batu di tĕurakkĕn ka kĕbo, stones so thrown that they hit buffaloes. To nĕurak, it did not hit.

Tĕurap, to belch, to eructate wind from the throat. Tĕurĕui, to swallow, to gulp down.

Tĕurĕup, name of a tree, Artocarpus Elastica. The bark is very stringy, and makes tough durable rope. The leaf is large and deeply indented, especially when the tree is young.

Tĕurĕup arĕui, name of a tree, Ficus Depressa.

Tĕuwĕl, a diminutive black bee with white face. It makes its nest in any small holes about woodwork or in walls and has honey. Sting trifling.

Tĕuwĕuk, or Tĕwĕk, to stab, to run a weapon or instrument endways into any object.

Tĕuyn, in excessive degree, very, too. Panjang tĕuyn, too long. Pondok tĕuyn, too short. Haliwu tĕuyn, very much disturbance. Tĕuyn éta ma, that is too bad; that is in quite an excessive degree. Ku tĕuyn, I cannot endure it; it is too bad. Also too good, surprisingly good. In an excessive degree.

Téwak, to seize, to catch hold of. To catch, to snatch at. Néwak kotok, to catch a fowl. Di téwak ĕukĕur hibĕr, he caught it as it flew past. Ti, from. Ti mana, from where, where do you come from? Ti imah, from home. Ti jauh, from a distance. Ti is extensively used in the formation of some compound words, of which examples may be seen below, though the crude root, from which such words are derived, it not always manifest, or may have become obsolete. It often indicates a verbal active form, as Guling, rolling in a heap, laid at length, Tiguling, to roll, to run off by rolling. Vide Tinchak.

Tiap, every, each. Mostly used in the duplicated form, ''Tiap-tiap. Tiap-tiap poi'', every day. Tiap-tiap jélĕma, each individual man. Tiba, if only; if by way of exception; if by chance. Tiba siji hadé, di ala, if there was but one good, I would take it. Tiba mĕunang nu gĕdé, if by chance we could get a large one.

Tibah, to fall upon, to drop from a height and hit. Buah kadu ragrag, tibah ka hulu jélĕma, a durian-fruit dropped and fell upon the head of a man. This word would appear to be derived from Ti, which see, and Baha, C. 466, placed, fixed, put, settled.

Tibahkĕn, to fling out, to scatter. To fling upon, to impose upon, to apportion. To


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 more the French on the south, peering with greedy eyes and clutching hands over the border. In the last fifteen years commissions of the one and the other have scoured the province with scarcely so much as "by your leave," investigating the mineral resources and planning out practicable railway routes. Within the capital city the French seem entrenched. A French post-office, a French hospital, French shops, hotels, missions, and above all the huge consulate, are there like advance posts of a greater invasion. There is an ominous look to these pretentious establishments holding strategic points in this or that debatable territory. Take the French consulates, here in Yunnan-fu and in Hoi-hou, or the Russian in Urga, the North Mongolian capital, they have more the aspect of a fortified outpost in a hostile country than the residence of the peaceful representative of a friendly power.

And Yunnan is beginning to move. For some time past the Government has been considering seriously the project of a railway across the province on the east to the Si Kiang and Canton, and just before I arrived in Yunnan-fu two engineers (significantly enough Americans) started northwards to make the preliminary surveys for a line connecting the capital with the Yangtse. If these two schemes can be carried through under Chinese control, good-by to the hopes of the French. Just at the time that I was in Yunnan there was much excitement over the Pien-ma matter,

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494 Tĕrĕka, to accuse. To lay to a man's charge.

Tĕrĕlĕng, a variety of bambu, small and hard in wood, like Atĕr and like it much used for boathooks.

Tĕrĕtĕs, name of a variety of rattan. Calamus Oblongus. Lasts well in water.

Térong, the egg-plant. This word is properly Malay, but is nevertheless sometimes used. It is properly Chokrom in Sunda. Solanum Melongena. In Cochin Chinese Trung is an egg.

Téros, narrow or thin towards one end, such as a bambu, or any other object which is narrower at one end than at the other.

Tés, the idiomatic expression indicative of the fall or drop of water. Tahang na iris tés bai chai na ragragan, the cask is leaky and the water keeps falling out by drops. See Tétés.

Tésbong, a weed in the mountain humahs, called also Emboh and Sayaga.

Tési, a Chinese earthenware spoon.

Tĕtapi, but, howbeit, same as Tapi.

Tĕtĕb, two hatĕups bound upon each other, one a little in rear of the other, with the tag ends cut off, and which are tied on, at the eaves of a house to give a firm edging.

Tĕtébéng, to hide oneself by holding up something before the person.

Tĕtĕg, firm, fixed, not shaking. Compact.

Tétéh, elder sister. Vide Achĕuk.

Tĕtĕng'ĕr, from Tĕng'ĕr, which see. Anything used as a mark or sign, and put upon any object, whereby it may be recognized.

Tĕténjo-an, a distant view. What is seen from a distance.

Tĕtĕp, secure, unmolested; firm; contented, confident.

Tĕtĕpkĕn, to cause assurance, to establish, to secure.

Tĕtĕpokan, the round of the rump, especially of beasts. The sirloin. See Tĕpok. It thus means literally that part which you slap or pat with the hand.

Tétés, what comes out by drop; leakings, drippings. A drop. Gula tétés, mollasses; the sugar-water which comes out of the laus, drop by drop, whilst sugar is being clayed. See Tés.

Tĕtĕundĕunan, something put away; something secreted.

Tĕto-élan, same as To-él, which see; to poke at a person in fun, especially at a woman.

Tĕu-as, hard, firm. Kayu na tĕu-as, the wood is hard. Tĕu-as kabina-bina, excessively hard.

Tĕu-ĕul, and Tĕu-ĕulkĕn, to press upon, to press down.

Tĕula, said of soil which is stiff and will not break fine when worked up. Tanĕuh tĕula, stiff adhesive clay, bad soil.

Tĕulĕui, directly, straightways, forthwith.

Tĕulĕum, to dive, to go down in water. To dye, to dip in dye. Sellam, Marsden, 178 to dive, dip, plunge.


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Rh Tépa, and Tépakĕn, infected. To convey a disease to another person by coming in contact with him. Kuris di tépakĕn ka batur, the small pox was transferred by infection to the neighbours.

Tĕpak, to clap with the hand. Di tĕpak, to pat, to caress by patting with the hand.

Tĕpak-tĕpuk, to keep patting with the hand. To fondle by patting.

Tĕpas, that part of a native house, which is reached after descending a little from the main body of the house, which is called the gagajah. It is thus a kind of side-gallery or hall to the house, and is either pager-ed or fenced within the compass of the main house or left open to view from without. The tĕpas is under that part of the roof which has another and less rapid slope, than that over the gagajah. Tapas, in Malay, Marsden, page 77: place, quarter, side.

Tĕpi, see Nĕpi, reaching to, extending as far as. Up to, at. Ari tĕpi ka Batawi, on getting to Batavia. Awi nu tĕpi ka sabrang, a bambu which will reach across the river.

Téplok, to fling mud, clay, or any soft watery substance against a wall or other place, so that it may adhere.

Téplos, name of a small black ant found on the ground. The bite is very painful for a moment but soon goes off. Tép, the sensation of pain; los, going away, — as the ant nips and then immediately goes off, does not remain biting.

Tĕpok and tĕpuk, in a larger and deeper toned degree what Tĕpak is in a smaller degree. Di tĕpak tĕpok, to pat and slap (in play or to evince pleasure). Said especially when patting buffaloes. See.

Tĕpung, up with, even up with. Reaching to another object so as to touch it; in close contact; in juxtaposition. Kayu na hanto tĕpung ka sabrang, the wood does not reach to the opposite side of the river. Tĕpung ka imah, being in contact with the house. Having reached home. Tĕpung ka Batawi, on arriving at Batavia.

Tĕpus, a scitameneous plant, Geanthus Coccineus.

Tĕrap, to take into your head; to be of inclination; wilfully disposed. Ari tĕrap to suka, if he takes it into his head not to be pleased.

Tĕrapkĕn, to put together, as carpentry or any other materials. To set up in order. To secure in their proper places.

Tĕras, to splice a carrying- stick. To tie on an extra piece of stick to strengthen it.

Téré, the relationships that result from the marriages of those who already have children. The word Téré answers in this sense to Step in English. Bapa téré, step-father. Indung téré, step-mother. Anak téré, step-child. It may perhaps be the same as téréh, quick, hasty, form the relationships immediately taking place on marriage.

Tĕrĕbang, a tambourine; a large shallow drum instrument used in marriage processions and on other occasions of festivity, called in Malay Rabana.

Téréh, quick, speedy, in haste. Hayang téréh, I wish to have it done speedily. Téréh amat, very quick; how quick it is? Téréh datang, will soon come.


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Rh Témpang, heavy at one end, as in carrying anything on a Pananggung. Weight not evenly distributed or adjusted.

Témpangan, to trim a boat by removing part of the goods or passengers to prevent it remaining lop-sided, and bring it on an even keel. To make a counterpoise, to ounterbalance.

Tĕmpas, struck or hit without intention.

Témpél, to cause to adhere. To plaster or stick on. To fix on with paste, gum, glue or the like. Adjoining. Daluang dua lambar ari di témpél jadi siji, two sheets of paper, when plastered together, become one. Surat na gĕus di témpél di pasar, the writing has been stuck up in the market.

Témpélan, any small space, thing or bit added to something larger, and in this sense is often applied to a bit of Chégér or Humah when made in addition to a sawah.

Témpo, Portuguese. In Malay it means — „in the time of” — „during” — for which Alam is used in Sunda, whereas they apply to Témpo the meaning of: the time has come, the emergency is upon us, all's up. In which sense they also use the derivative word Rarémpo, which see. Jélĕma éta gĕus tĕmpo, that man's time is come, it's all up with him.

Témpong, to shove off a boat with a pole or boat-hook. To use a pole to keep a boat from running against anything.

Tĕmpuh, to attack, to fall upon, to set upon. Musuh di tĕmpuh ĕukĕur njabrang, the enemy were attacked whilst crossing the river.

Těmpuhkěn, to lay to the charge of. To accuse. To bring to account of. To hold liable. To cause to pay or make good any injury. Kĕbo lĕungit di tĕmpuhkĕn ka orang jaga, the buffaloes were lost and the watchman was made to pay for them.

Tĕmu, a variety of scitameneous plants, useful in a variety of ways, either economically or medicinally. More usually called Konéng, which see.

Tĕmu kunchi, a plant like Chikur.

Tĕnang, a small variety of Chokrom, which creeps along tho ground and has a very small fruit.

Tĕnang, or Pasang těnang, the water-course which in Bantam leads out of the Danu or Lake, to the sea between Anjir and Chiringin. Ténang, Marsden, 87, still, stagnant, smooth, calm; — as it is little above the sea, perhaps when the tide rises, the waters in this course becomes stagnant.

Tĕndas, the head, the head of any object, — said rather disparagingly. Tĕndas na tah sia, you blockhead, you perverse chap.

Tĕnĕpi, an abbreviation of To nĕpi, not long enough, not reaching across. Insufficient. See Nĕpi, and Tĕpi.

Téng'ah, half; the middle. Sa téng'ah, one half. Téng'ah modar, half dead. Di téng'ah chai in the middle of the river. Di téng'ah-téng'ah, in the very middle, in the midst.

Téng'áh jalan, midway, half-way.


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490 Crawfurd, in his Dissertation to his Malay Dictionary, at page 49, says, that Barbosa describes the Javanese as trading at Malacca in the beginning of the 15$th$ century, before the Portuguese conquest. They had, he says, no clothing form the waist upwards, and no covering to the head, but dressed their hair in a peculiar fashion.

Tĕlik, to look at attentively or wistfully. To gaze, to espy, to watch.

Tĕl-tĕl, expressive of laying hold of branches, and swinging form one to another, as the monkeys do in the forest.

Tĕluh, magic. Poisoned by the artifices of incantation. Whenever a person gets unaccountably ill, anything out of the common, they say: Gĕus di tĕluh dĕungan, he has been magically poisoned by some one not of his family.

Tĕluk, a bend in a river. A bay or bend in the coast. An inlet. Etymon, Luk, which see. Tĕluk Bĕtung, the Lampung Bay in the straits of Anjir.

Tĕlur, the testicles.

Témbak, to shoot with a gun. To fire at, to aim at. The acceptation of firing at must be modern, since the knowledge of fire-arms, but might have applied formerly to shooting with bows and arrows. The m in this and some following words, seems of same force as the Um used with words beginning with Tum, and Témbak may thus be derived from Téwak, to seize, to catch, to lay hold of, and Témbak may thus be: to shoot at with a view of seizing. The w being changed into b after the m for the sake of euphony.

Témbangan, the air of a song, the tune. Measure of intonation.

Tĕmbĕk, to dam up the course of a stream of water, so as to form a pond or lake. See Tambakan. To stop the course of water.

Tĕmbing, steep, precipitous, with an acclivity. Probably derived from Nawing, perpendicular, in same manner as Témbak from Téwak.

Témbok, a wall. A wall of brick or stone and mortar. Seems to have a parity of origin with Tĕmbĕk, to dam up. In Malay, Marsden, 82, Timbuk, an embankment, dyke, rampart. A wall.

Témbong, visible, in sight, perceived. To see. Po-ék, to témbong, it is dark and I cannot see. Témbong ti luhur kayu, sighted from the top of a tree.

Témbongkĕn, to cause to see. To make visible. Ulah di témbongkĕn, do not let it be seen.

Tĕmboro, name of a mountain in Sumbawa, from which proceeded, in 1815, the greatest volcanic eruption on record.

Tĕmĕgong, the same as Tumagung or Tumunggung.

Tĕmĕn, in earnest. To mean it. Intentional. Tĕmĕn di gawé, to work in earnest. Tĕmĕn sia daik ngabĕdah, do you mean it that you will open out new sawahs. Lain tĕmĕn, it was not intentional.

Tĕmĕnan, to work in earnest. To press eagerly for some accomplishment. To bring a man to his bearings. To take up in earnest.


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The image is flipped horizontally, seems to be an error in the original (as wikimedia page says, the signature of the artist is flipped). Should this page stay as-is or should it keep the error of the original? Juxtap (talk) 05:43, 6 July 2012 (UTC)

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Rh Tékad, faith, acknowledgment.

Tĕka-tĕka, the diamond beetle. Avery handsome variety of beetle, called also Sambĕr-ilén.

Téké, a small quantity of prepared opium mixed with tobacco or other leaves shred fine, and ready for putting into the pipe to smoke. Enough of prepared opium for one smoke.

Tĕkĕbur, Arabic, arrogant, proud, haughty.

Tĕkĕdir, Arabic, fate, inevitable decree, predestination. The divine will.

Tékho, Chinese, a Chinese agriculturist. A Chinaman who cultivates the ground.

Tĕki, name of a grass which springs up very pertinaceously after being cut away, should a particle of root remain in the ground.

Tĕktĕk, to cut moderately without any great exertion. To chop. Eukĕur nĕktĕkan suluh, he was in the act of chopping fire-wood, Iyo awi tĕktĕk lobah dyo, cut this bambu through hereabouts.

Tĕktĕk, a stick, a stem, a pole; a piece of some vegetable matter; something that has great length in proportion to thickness. Any object which has been cut or is fit for cutting. Awi tilu tĕktĕk, three lengths of bambu, three sticks of bambu. Chagak sa tĕktĕk, one stem of wood with a fork to it. Tiwu sa tĕktĕk, a length of sugar-cane. Eŭnaya tilu tĕktĕk, there are only three lengths.

Tékték, sĕurĕuh leaves neatly folded up into a size fit for sticking into the mouth, all ready prepared with the necessary lime and gambir. Such quids are carried about in the Sĕlĕpa.

Tĕkuk, bent down roughly; bent in creases. To fold. Sinking together, as a man unable to stand. An injury sustained at a joint, as the ankle or the wrist by giving way from weakness.

Tĕla, a variety of bambu which yields the best tasted Iwung or bambu sprouts, but is not fit for any other use.

Télam, another way of pronouncing Talam, a salver, a tray.

Tĕlang, name of a beautiful dark blue flower of pea-flower shape, growing upon liane. Clitoria Tinctoria.

Tĕlĕb, Arabic, to ask, to demand, to petition, to pray for. To seek.

Tĕlĕb, to compress; to press upon so as to make solid, or more united.

Tĕlĕb, heavy, weigthy. A great weight in a small compass.

Tĕléktékapi, a kind of parsley planted in the humahs.

Tĕlĕkung, a handkerchief worn on the head, — in the way peculiar to Malays and other inhabitants of the Asiatic Archipelago. Kung in Malay, Marsden, page 274, is the rainbow. The word Kung implies in a circle, in a fillet, and the tie is often put on in a round fillet with the crown of the head bare. See Ikat, Kungkung, and Kungkuwung. Originally this article of apparel may have been a bit of bark of the Artocarpus, or Tĕurĕup, twisted round the head to keep the hair bound together.


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Page:A dictionary of the Sunda language of Java.djvu/509

488 must be looked after. Mandor na kudu di téang, the mandor must be fetched. Humah na rusak ku bĕdul, kudu di téang, his humah is spoiled by the pigs, and must be examined. Di téang ku bĕdil, to go after with a gun.

Tĕbal, to begin, to commence, to make a beginning. To take any work in hand. See also.

Tĕbar, to sow seeds broadcast. To scatter seed over land prepared for that purpose, as a tipar (not a humah, where planting is called ). To sow sawah-paddy as seed in the Pabinihan, to be subsequently transplanted.

Tĕbĕng, a method of taking small fish or minnows. A calabash pierced with small holes and baited with bran is set fast in the water among a lot of stones. Small fish, especially jĕlér, find their way into the calabash for the sake of the bran and are then caught and removed through a valve at the top.

Tĕblok, to cut at resolutely. To cut with a will and at random. To cut with pachul, rimbas or axe, either the ground or a piece of wood, so that large pieces come away at each stroke. See.

Tĕbok, to patch as wood-work. To put a small piece of wood so as to fill up a hole and make all smooth.

Tĕbus, to redeem, to ransom. To take out of pawn. Sawah na gĕus di tĕbusan, he has redeemed his sawahs.

Tĕdah, to entreat, to ask as a favour. To ask reverently. To mĕunang di tĕdah, you can't get it by entreaty.

Tĕdak, appearance, shape, form, fashion. Tĕdak anyar, a new fashion.

Tĕgar, hard, bad to cut. Tough.

Tĕgĕp, sure-hold, firm hold. Firm, sound, strong, stout.

Tĕgĕr, said of a person who conducts himself properly, or according to our wish. Well behaved: trust-worthy.

Tĕgĕr, a piece of wood or bambu tied horizontally against a bambu pagĕr to keep it firm in its place. A small stick or a bambu placed horizontally in a bambu building to prevent some part from collapsing. A small bambu beam. The same as Pangparang.

Tĕgĕs, rightly, truly, properly. Eŭn siji nu tĕgĕs hadé, there is only one which is really good. Jyo tĕgĕs panjang, this is rightly long.

Tĕgor, to strike, to thwack, to thump.

Téh, Chinese of Canton, tea.

Téh-kwan, Chinese, a tea-pot.

Téja, the rainbow when seen in the West. Any supernatural or unusual brilliancy in the skies. Téja, C. 243, splendour, enlightening, effulgence.

Tĕka, it now turns out; the upshot is. Tĕka sia ayĕunah to daikkĕn, and it now turns out that you are unwilling. Tĕka burung, and it now turns out that you are a worthless fellow.


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Page:A dictionary of the Sunda language of Java.djvu/508

Rh Tatumpĕngan, the rice pile. Like a pile of rice when steamed, as it comes from the hasĕupan. This is the name of a shellfish in the sea. A variety of Patella.

Tau, to bale out water; to throw water out of any place with a bucket or other contrivance for lifting it out.

Tauwan, to bale water out of a hole. To bale out water.

Tauwĕran, the droppings of rain from the eaves of a house.

Tawa, to mutter a prayer or invocation over a pot or bambu of water or over a few sĕurĕuh-leaves, which thereby obtain supernatural virtue for curing disease. See Tawé. The word Tawa may perhaps be the same as the Singhalese Tawa, C. 225, an ascetic, or the state of an ascetic or Tapasaya. In many words the w is substituded for p, according to a rule of Eloo grammar; see Clough—, page 226, voce Tawas.

Tawar, to bid money, to treat for. To make an offer to buy.

Tawar, to apply medicine accompanied with a charm or incantation; hence Panawar, a remedy, which see. The process of applying charms.

Tawar, tasteless, insipid; wanting ingredients which give flavour. Defective in savour or taste. Fresh, not salt. Chai na tawar, pure, simple river or spring water, as contradistinguished from sea- or salt water. Endog tawar, a fresh egg, — not salted.

Tawas, alum.

Tawas, shape, appearance, form.

Tawé, cured by water, or sĕurĕuh-leaves prepared with Tawa, which see. The evil gone. This word is not heard in every-day parlance, but occurs in some Jampés.

Tawé, dry sĕurĕuh-lime, which has lost its moisture.

Tawu, master of a feast; master of the house: the host.

Tawur, and Tawuran, to pay for. To redeem. To obtain some advantage by making a payment. To pay for another. Kumaha anak to di tawuran, how can I not pay for my child! Bogah hutang kudu di tawuran, if you have debt, you must redeem it. Giliran gawé kudu di tawuran, you must pay for your turn to work.

Tayĕuh, to all appearance; apparently; likely; if we may guess. Tayĕuh na bai mohal mĕunang, apparently he will not get it. To nayĕuh, it does not look likely. Tayĕuh hadé, to all appearance it is good.

Té, a particle of interjection, expressive of something not being right, or answering expectation.

Téa, a demonstrative word implying: that which, that particular one. It is also used to express a feeling of disappointment, when a person neglects, or will not fulfil some arrangement, and may in that sense be translated provokingly. Nu panjang téa, that one which is a long. Mĕunang nu hadé téa, I have got that particular one which is good. Mandor téa to daik datang, the mandor provokingly would not come. Tuan téa to daik méré, the gentleman provokingly would not give any.

Téang, to look for, to go in search of. To call. To fetch. To go and investigate. To go and examine. Kĕbo owoh, kudu di téang, the buffaloes have gone away, they


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text: User:Gunawan yunus

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text:
Page:A dictionary of the Sunda language of Java.djvu/551

530 Wargu, a variety of dwarf palm. Raphis Pumila.

Waringin, a handsome and ornamental tree, growing to a great size and affording a dense shade impervious to the sun. This tree is always planted on the Alun-alun or open space in front of the dwelling of a native chief, and is a mark of authority. It is the Ficus Benjamina. Waris, Persian, a heir, inheritor, legatee.

Warisan, anything left by a deceased person. Inheritance, legacy.

Warna, colour, hue, description, kind, sort, shape. Warnna, C. 625, to paint; colour, hue, tint, quality, property; form, figure, sort, kind. Loba warna na, there are many varieties. Aya sabraha warna, how many kinds are there. Warna na běurěum, the colour of it was red. Warna těuyn, how many colours, how many shades! we should say, what it means: you do not know your own mind, can't you say what you mean. Wat warna! don't tell me your nonsense.

Warta, tradition; report of old men. Wartata, C. 639, tidings, intelligence. Kula nimu warta, I have heard (literally got or found) a tradition.

Waru, name of a very common tree, which grows every where very readily from cuttings, or stakes stuck into the ground. It bears large yellow flowers in plenty, but appears never to bring any seed to perfection, and such a thing as a seedling waru-plant is unknown. It is not found wild in primeval forest. Called in Malay Baru, Marsden, page 31, Hibiscus Similis.

Waru-laut, the sea-waru. A variety growing near the sea-shore. Hibiscus Tiliaceus.

Warung, a shop, a stall or booth for selling articles of food or of dress, or any other goods. A market which has not the privileges of a regular pasar, but where the people meet once a week for the purposes of petty trade. Marsden gives, at page 31, Barong, a stall, booth, little shop.

Wasajan, fair, impartial. Neither leaning to one party nor the other.

Wasayat, Arabic, testament, last will, precept, mandate. Disposal of property before death.

Waswis, officious, wanting to do every thing. Said of a man who officiously pokes himself forward.

Wat, a particle extensively used but difficult to translate, and has some affinity to the Singhalse Wat, C. 618, which is a particle of opinion and doubt, or, either: whether; but in Sunda always precedes the word with which it is connected, whilst in Singhalese it is suffixed. Wat naha, how comes that! how can that be? Ari di titah wat ngaliyěuk bai, and when he is ordered he only stares about him. Wat to peupeuli ka kami, he really did not tell me. Wat panjang iyo ma, hello this one is long.

Watang, the beam of a pair of scales. A balance beam. The shaft of a spear. Any straight pole applied to any use.

Watara, probably, to judge from appearances, apparently. Watara na bai, hanto daik méré, to judge from appearances he does not intend to give any. Watara hadé děui


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Page:A Wayfarer in China.djvu/42

 connecting Yunnan-fu and the West River valley would cut the ground out from under their feet. For the moment, the Revolution has stopped the enterprise, but it is certain to be taken up again, as there are no insuperable engineering obstacles in the way, and every economic and political reason for giving Yunnan an outlet to the sea through Chinese territory.

On leaving Hanoi in the early morning light we struck across a wide fertile plain, beautifully cultivated; fields of rice alternating with maize stretched away to a wall of feathery bamboo broken by stately palms and glossy mangoes. After a little the country became more broken, rolling near by, mountainous in the distance. The vegetation, dense and tropical, hemmed in the line on both sides, but here and there charming trails led away through the jungle to villages on higher land; a delightful region to pass through, perhaps to live in if one were a duck, but for human beings the steamy heat must be very depressing. At Yun Bay the valley narrowed, and we drew nearer the mountains, but there was no change in the atmosphere, and had not the sky been cloudy, we should have suffered greatly from the heat.

My fellow travellers were chiefly officials of the civil administration or connected with the railway, who chatted or slept or quietly drank away the weary hours; for them there was no novelty in the trip to dull the feeling of discomfort. At one small station a

title: Page:A Wayfarer in China.djvu/42