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 ADVERTISEMENT.

Ferrara, in the Library, are preserved the original MSS. of Tasso's Gierusalemme and of Guarini's Pastor Fido, with letters of Tasso, one from Titian to Ariosto, and the inkstand and chair, the tomb and the house, of the latter. But, as misfortune has a greater interest for posterity, and little or none for the cotemporary, the cell where Tasso was confined in the hospital of St. Anna attracts a more fixed attention than the residence or the monument of Ariosto—at least it had this effect on me. There are two inscriptions, one on the outer gate, the second over the cell itself, inviting, unnecessarily, the wonder and the indignation of the spectator. Ferrara is much decayed and depopulated: the castle still exists entire; and I saw the court where Parisina and Hugo were beheaded, according to the annal of Gibbon.


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 ADVERTISEMENT.

qui remplissait alors cette place était un gentilhomme Polonais, nommé Mazeppa, né dans le palatinat de Podolie: il avait été élevé page de Jean Casimir, et avait pris à sa cour quelque teinture des belles-lettres. Une intrigue qu'il eut dans sa jeunesse avec la femme d'un gentilhomme Polonais ayant été découverte, le mari le fit lier tout nu sur un cheval farouche, et le laissa aller en cet état. Le cheval, qui était du pays de l'Ukraine, y retourna, et y porta Mazeppa, demi-mort de fatigue et de faim. Quelques paysans le secoururent: il resta longtems parmi eux, et se signala dans plusieurs courses contre les Tartares. La supériorité de ses lumières lui donna une grande considération parmi les Cosaques: sa réputation s'augmentant de jour en jour, obligea le Czar à le faire Prince de l'Ukraine."—, Hist. de Charles XII., 1772, p. 205.

"Le roi, fuyant et poursuivi, eut son cheval tué sous lui; le Colonel Gieta, blessé, et perdant tout son sang, lui donna le sien. Ainsi on remit deux fois à cheval, dans la fuite, ce conquérant qui n'avait pu y monter pendant la bataille."—P. 222.

"Le roi alla par un autre chemin avec quelques cavaliers. Le carrosse, où il était, rompit dans la marche; on le remit à cheval. Pour comble de disgrâce, il s'égara pendant la nuit dans un bois; là, son courage ne pouvant plus suppléer, à ses forces épuisées, les douleurs de sa

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 ADVERTISEMENT.

Morgante Maggiore, of the first canto of which this translation is offered, divides with the Orlando Innamorato the honour of having formed and suggested the style and story of Ariosto. The great defects of Boiardo were his treating too seriously the narratives of chivalry, and his harsh style. Ariosto, in his continuation, by a judicious mixture of the gaiety of Pulci, has avoided the one; and Berni, in his reformation of Boiardo's poem, has corrected the other. Pulci may be considered as the precursor and model of Berni altogether, as he has partly been to Ariosto, however inferior to both his copyists. He is no less the founder of a new style of poetry very lately sprung up in England. I allude to that of the ingenious Whistlecraft. The serious poems on Roncesvalles in the same language, and more particularly the excellent one of Mr. Merivale, are to be traced to the same source. It has never yet been decided entirely whether Pulci's intention was or was not to deride the religion which is one of his favourite topics. It appears to me, that such an intention would have been no less hazardous to the poet than to the priest, particularly in that age and country; and the permission to publish the poem, and its reception among the classics of Italy, prove


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 DEDICATION.


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CLEVELAND, O. Publishing House of the Reformed Church, 1134—1138 Pearl Street.

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the course of a visit to the city of Ravenna in the summer of 1819, it was suggested to the author that having composed something on the subject of Tasso's confinement, he should do the same on Dante's exile,—the tomb of the poet forming one of the principal objects of interest in that city, both to the native and to the stranger.

"On this hint I spake," and the result has been the following four cantos, in terza rima, now offered to the reader. If they are understood and approved, it is my purpose to continue the poem in various other cantos to its natural conclusion in the present age. The reader is requested to suppose that Dante addresses him in the interval between the conclusion of the Divina Commedia and his death, and shortly before the latter event, foretelling the fortunes of Italy in general in the ensuing centuries. In adopting this plan I have had in my mind the Cassandra of Lycophron, and the Prophecy of Nereus


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 PREFACE.

conspiracy of the Doge Marino Faliero is one of the mos remarhbleevents in theannalsofthe mon singular government, city, and people of modern history. It occurred in the year 1355. Every thing about Venice is, or was, extraordinary-her asped. is like a dream, and her history is like a romance. The story of this Doge is to be foimd in all her Chronicles, and par- ticularly demiled in the “ Lives of the Doges," by Mnrin Sanum, which is given in the Appendix. It is simply and clearly related, and is perhaps more dramatic in itself than any scenes which mn be founded upon the subject. Marino Faliero appears to have been a man of talents and of courage. I find him commander-in-chief of the land forces at the siege of Z-rra.,’ where he beat the King of Hungary and his army of eighty thousand rn, killing eight thousand men, and keeping the besieged at the same time in check; an exploit to which I know none similar in history, except that of Casar at A1esia,’ and ofPrince EugeneatBelgrade. Hewasafterwardscom- rnander of the Beet in the same war. He took Capo r. [Marin Falierowusnotincommand ofthelnnd foreesnxtheaiege ol Zen in 1346. According to eontemponry documents. he held n naval eommnud under Cirfnn. who_wu ln_ charge_ol' the len. Byrzon was misled by nn error in  llnlnm version of!he_ Ckfunua mdraqn? .mr k|.rte;yrQ’o6.;{;ux|.r Jadrrc, pbxi. 1¢lu1n;/hlum avanh ' Dqada. in Lufarlno. low nhrr/|a` ` Va|d¢,;893. vol. vJn. i. p. T,  _ _ z[I"orthe|iege Als1n(l|se|n edOr),wh|chruull.edinl.he defeat of the Gluls and the sunende' of Vercmgetorix, lee Dr Bella Gallim, vli. 68-go. Belgrade fell tn Prlncc Eugene, August ri, r7r7.]


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obliged for the followins excellent translation of the o\dChron|cle!o Mr.F.Cohen, towhomlhereaderwill find himself indebted for 1 vu-sion that I could nm myself- tbough alia mmy yuan' intercovuxse with Italian-have given by my means so purely and so Laithfully. Sron ol Mums Fuxuo. Doc: XLIX. loocuv.' 0n\heale1emhd.|yn!Sep1.emba'.inlheyenrofo\|rLurd,x354, M\rlnoF|llemwuelec\edmdahmenmbe!heDukeoftheCommon- vlalthol'Veniee. He\vuCoumofV|1dmm'ina,ln¢heMu\:huof 'l`nviso,md| Knighnmdnwenlthymhnloboot. Aasocnutln elaalonwuu;l;pvl:\ed.itwuresolvedmlheG|u.tCoum§l.¢hug depuulkmofl sl\ouldbed5palchcdloM¢|'inoF|li¢rotheD\|||e, whowulhenonhlswayfromkome; $orwhenhe\nschosen,he\n.| " 1. Mr. Frmd: Cuban. lf\H'Wllil Sir Francis Palgnva (x788~x86x), lhesu|horof\haR€x|ndPf¢1.u|ftlcEs{li¢kCvuJilut|an,Hi:fvr7 ¢'tAaA»ylo-Sa:o»u,em.etc. Aa. [In tha editi:‘|\s (xhxixw Francis  ppendix .ispreend mu' ve-:inn ' .Jann Sinctly from Munmi-'l‘a   of Marin SenudnPFe:'|71 hi Dgi (Rn-am ltalkarvu S¢~ri)tvr¢.|.1733.uii.6a8-635). 'l`hg|wove1ion| nnhynomsnlidenliul Col\en'1"lnnsl.|tinn"iA.prmmabIy,|n nmnnmermdainglof Smu/da's ull, md muu have been mad: eithe-  S.otfrom |\.\1nsu'i$°|entfrvmIu1ymEngland. Muntorh ulim ls nrifuhwuo ol' orl|i|ul, which has hem Pmpenama penom plmeuudunged, '| enetiun dinl¢clgives°‘plmemMm\mri’|l\alian,nndnotawhldS¢n\|dn|dd¢d inchewny  inmelexz. lntheLQkaf|lz111|loFahb|,°E.x99,_moof originzllextue umlned,|nd|pu|ugefromm duomn-.l¢.whi|:hSumuio 'venuh nmmilmndelolwsrpartoflhe " nlrnlivn (Sesgdacelo L:   'livin Sendo. G. llomieolmlgoozllarllu Falien, La Calpum. by V. hnnrim; Nun Avdivub Van-lv, x897, voLlii1.pLl.p.l5.1w!¢x.)]


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 Forasmuch as ye know that ye were not redeemed with corruptible things, as silver and gold, from your vain conversation received by tradition from your fathers; But with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish and without spot. 1 Pet. 1, 18. 19.

Who are kept by the power of God through faith unto salvation, ready to be revealed in the last time. 1 Pet. 1, 5.

And we know that all things work together for good, to them that love God, to them who are the called according to His purpose. Rom. 8, 28.

Tit. 2, 14. Hebr. 2, 14. 15. Matth. 10, 29. 30. 1 John 4, 13. Ezek. 36, 27.

Three things: First, the greatness of my sin and misery. Second, how I am redeemed from all my sins and misery. Third, how I am to be thankful to God for such redemption.

O wretched man that I am! who shall deliver me from the body of this death? I thank God, through Jesus Christ our Lord. Rom. 7, 24. 25.

4

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724 3. The southern boundary of Wyoming.—The survey of this line is being prosecuted in the field, but no returns have been received.

4. The western boundary of Wyoming.—Under the appropriation of $13,800, made by act of Congress approved March 3, 1873, the contract for the survey of this land has been let to Alonzo V. Richards.

5. The western boundary of Kansas.— The survey of this line has been completed, and the returns made and approved.

6. The northern boundary of Nebraska.—The contract for the survey of this line has been let, but owing to a fear on the part of the Indian Office that the prosecution of the work would excite the Indians and lead to difficulties operations in the field have been delayed.

7. The Washington and Idaho boundary line.—The contract for the survey of this line was let on the 2d day of June, 1873, but no report of progress made by the contractors has been received.

8. The northern part of the eastern boundary of New Mexico and the eastern part of the southern boundary of Colorado.—Under the appropriation made by act of Congress approved March 3, 1873, the contract for the survey of these lines has been let to John J. Major, but returns have not been received.

The general pre-enption laws of September 4, 1841, March 3, 1843, March 3, 1853, and March 27, 1854, remain in force. The following act, entitled "An act for the relief of settlers on the late Sioux Indian reservation in the State of Minnesota," was approved February 24, 1873:

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That all actual settlers who have duly filed their declaratory statements under the pre-emption laws, with the register of the proper local land-office, upon the unsold lands now included within the limits of the late Sioux Indian reservation in the State of Minnesota, shall he allowed until the first day of March, anno Domini eighteen hundred and seventy-four, in which to make proof and payment for their claims.

March 3, 1873, "An act authorizing joint entry by pre-emption settlers, and for other purposes," was approved, and March 31 the following circular to the district land-office containing the law and instructions for its execution was issued by this Office:

General Land-Office, Washington, D.C., March 31, 1873.

To Registers and Receivers:
 * Your attention is hereby called to the following note of Congress,:approved March 3,1873, and entitled "An act authorizing joint entry by pre-emption settlers, and for other purposes."

"Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That when settlements have been made upon agricultural public lands of the United States prior to the survey thereof, and it has been or shall be ascertained, after the public surveys have been extended over such lands, that two or more settlers have improvements upon the same legal subdivision, it shall be Lawful for such settlers To make joint entry of their lands at the local land-office or for either of said settlers to enter into contract with his co-settlers to convey to them their portion of said lands after a patent is issued to him, and after making said contract, to file declaratory statements in his own name, and prove up and pay for said land, and proof of joint occupation by himself and others, and of such contract with them made shall be equivalent to Proof of sole occupation and pre-emption by the applicant: Provided, That in no case the amount patented under this not exceed one hundred and sixty acres, nor shall this act apply to lands not subject to homestead or pre-emption entry.

" 2. That effect shall be given to this act by regulations to be prescribed by the Commissioner of the General Land-Office.

"Approved March 3, 1873."


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Out of the Law of God.

Therefore by the deeds of the law, there shall no flesh be justified in His sight: for by the law is the knowledge of sin. Rom. 3, 20.

Rom. 7, 7.

This Christ teaches us in sum, Matth. 22: Thou shalt love the Lord, thy God with all thy heart and with thy soul, and with all thy mind, and with all thy strength. This is the first and great commandment; and the second is like unto it: Thou shalt love thy

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Rh The number of patients who died in the course of the year, was

The number of patients remaining under treatment on the 30th day of June, 1873, was

The use of the word "discharged" in the preceding tables designates persons formerly in the military or naval service of the country, and admitted by authority of the act of July 13, 1866; and those designated as "civilian" are civil employes of the Army admitted by order of the Secretary of War, under authority of the same act.

The recoveries this year were 68+ per cent. of the discharges, 46+ per cent. of the discharges and deaths together, 33- per cent. of the admissions, and 9- per cent. of the whole number of patients under treatment. The ratio of recoveries to discharges was somewhat higher,and that of the deaths to the whole number under treatment slightly lower than the average of several preceding years, and both are more favorable, perhaps, than they are likely to be in the years that are to come. As, under the original organic act and that of July 13, 1866, all cases of mental disease, of whatever duration or complication, that arise, or have arisen, in the Army and Navy, and in the District of Columbia, may be, as the most of them, in fact, are, sent to this institution, in which, when once legally within its walls, the chronic cases find a home for the remainder of their lives; and as the reception of all cases of insanity, recent and chronic, entitled to treatment in this hospital,


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126 Shelley, as Swinburne said of William Blake, was born into the church of rebels; he was born, also, gentle, loving, and fearless. The dangers to which such a natural endowment would inevitably expose him were aggravated by a misguided education, and by the temper of that feverish and ill-regulated age in which modern reform began. He was in early years first of all a revolter; he would do only what seemed to him best, and in the way which seemed to him best; he took nothing upon authority, he acknowledged no validity in the customs and beliefs which past experience had bequeathed to men; he must examine every conclusion anew, and accept or reject it by the light of his own limited thought and observation; he carried the Protestant spirit to its ultimate extreme all legal and intellectual results embodied in institutions or in accepted beliefs must show cause to him why they should exist. He was, moreover, in haste; he could not rest in a doubt, he could not suspend his judgment, he could not wait for fuller knowledge. Finding only incomplete or incompetent answers to his questioning, he leaped to the conclusion that there was no answer. Had he been


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Rh contented with allowing this spirit to influence only his own private creed and conduct, mischief enough was sure to be wrought for him, error and suffering were in store for him in no common degree. But he was not merely building an ideal of life and formulating a rule of living for himself; he had, as he afterward confessed, a passion for reforming the world. He was early in print, and aspired to teach the world before he was well out of his teens,—took in his hands, indeed, the regeneration of Ireland through pamphlets, and public eloquence, and personal agitation and supervision. It is easy to dismiss this as the foolish conceit of a boy of talent much given to dreaming. It is easy, too, to dismiss his exile from his home and his expulsion from Oxford as childish obstinacy, disobedience, ingratitude, and presumption; but if there was anything of these faults in him there was also much more made evident in these first trials of his character: there was the capacity for sacrifice, the resolution to be faithful to the truth as he saw it. The beginning of manhood found him in the full sway of immature conviction, and already suffering the penalty. It is not necessary to follow out in detail


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128 the development of a life so entered upon. It led him to attack Christianity and to disregard the law of marriage, and this is the sum and substance of his offense. Yet no sign, perhaps, is so indicative of the increased liberality of religion in our time as the attempt which has been made to show that Shelley was essentially Christian, an attempt so common and vigorous that Trelawney felt called upon to protest against it. In this spirit Mr. Symonds writes from one extreme: "It is certain that as Christianity passes beyond its mediæval phase, and casts aside the husk of outworn dogmas, it will more and more approximate to Shelley's exposition. Here, and here only, is a vital faith adapted to the conditions of modern thought, indestructible because essential, and fitted to unite instead of separating minds of divers quality"; and Rev. F. W. Robertson, from the other extreme, writes: "I cannot help feeling that there was a spirit in poor Shelley's mind which might have assimilated with the spirit of his Redeemer, nay, which I will dare to say was kindred with that spirit, if only his Redeemer had been differently imaged to him.... I will not say that a man who by his


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Rh opposition to God means opposition to a demon, to whom the name of God in his mind is appended, is an enemy of God;... change the name and I will bid that character defiance with you!" A candid examination must show, however, that Trelawney is right; there is no doubt that Shelley rejected altogether what is properly known as Christianity, in youth violently and with hatred, while in later years he came to care less about it. At the same time it is to be remembered that he had seen Christianity only in those forms whose most prominent characteristic is defect in charity and love, which Shelley believed to be the central virtues. Probably he never dissociated the Christian God from the Jewish Jehovah, and his feeling towards him is well illustrated in the terrible indictment he makes against him in reference to Milton's delineation of Satan as one "who, in the cold security of undoubted triumph, inflicts upon his fallen enemy the most horrible punishment, not from any mistaken hope of thereby reforming him, but with the avowed purpose of exasperating him to deserve new torments." It is, therefore, impossible to deny Shelley's atheism; the most that can be


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130 for is that in natural piety, in purity of life and motive, in conscientious and unselfish action, Shelley was exceptionally conspicuous.

It is here that the second charge against Shelley has its place. How, it is indignantly asked, was he unselfish, loving, and conscientious, when he left his youthful wife to circumstances which resulted in her suicide, and transferred his devotion to another? Nothing more can be done than to point out the fact that Shelley acted in harmony with his convictions of social duty; that the first marriage was the result of knight-errantry rather than affection, and had become destitute of any pleasure; that Shelley did not desert his wife in such a way as to make her suicide chargeable to him. These considerations do not, it is true, relieve him of condemnation, or remove the really great defect in his moral perception of the responsibility which rested upon him in consequence of a thoughtless and foolish marriage. Yet it is not doubtful that in his life he atoned for his error, if suffering is atonement; from that time a shadow fell upon him which never was removed. It is hard to find heart for reproach when one, whose whole gospel


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782 Seven patients were admitted a second time in the course of the year. There were, therefore, seven less persons than cases under treatment.

The whole number of patients under treatment in the course of the year 1872-'73, was—

The number of patients discharged in the course of the year, was-


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Rh was love, is so cruelly entangled in the unforeseen consequences of his acts that he seems to have wrought the work of hatred.

What, then, under this presentation of the case, remains to be said for that ideal character which those who love Shelley believe to have been his possession? That, beginning life with a theory which left every desire and impulse free course, which imposed no restrictions except those of his own honor and self-respect, which acknowledged no command not proceeding from his own reason, he yet served the truth he saw with entire loyalty and sincerity of heart; that, making many errors throughout a darkened life, he did not strive by lightness of heart or logical sophistication to avoid their penalties of misery and remorse, but kept them in memory and bore his burden of sorrow courageously; that by intense thought and bitter experience he came at last to find the laws of life and to obey them. He found how impossible it is for the individual to solve the problems put before him, so that he himself grew content to leave many of these in doubt; found how ignorant it was in him to make his own experience the measure of the conditions of general human


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132 life, and attempt to reform the world's motives and standards by reference to that experience alone; found how little the individual counts for in life, so that the youth, who with fervid hope took up the regeneration of a whole nation in confidence, came to doubt whether it was worth while for him to write at all, and rated himself far below his friend Byron. These characteristics are the evidence of his strength, sincerity, and rightness of purpose; and through these he worked out an ideal of life and rule of living, which differed much from those of his early days. No ideal intrinsically more powerful in influence or more exalted in virtue has been worked out by men who, like himself, found the old familiar standards rationally inadequate and morally weak. These are the essential elements in Shelley's career, and to them his personal qualities and his daily life give form and color. This, too, is the work of a man framed for self-destruction, against whom circumstances did their worst throughout. The marvel is, not that his life was so broken in private happiness, and his public work so unequal in the worth of its results, but, taking all into account, that he saved so much of his life and


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Rh pulpit and reading desk were similarly furnished ; the oaken kneeling desks at the two ends of the altar, as well as the Bible and two prayer books which lay upon it, were also covered with red velvet. In Lent a ' suit of violet cloth ' was substituted for the ' crimson furniture.' A handsome silver almsdish and flagon, engraved with the sacred monogram and emblems of the Passion, were also among the gifts of the Willis family.

It is probable that in very few churches was anything more ornate than this attempted. Cole gives this description with very evident pride and satisfaction, and adds, after commenting upon his patron's generosity, ' May he live to see the communion table decked with an embroidered covering, and the pulpit with a cushion and cloth of the same kind ! ' as if that would leave nothing further to be desired. He does not seem to have even dreamed of such things as crosses, candle- sticks or flower vases, although he gladly ' patched up ' an old crucifix in the glass of the eastern window. Moreover, the returns of Bishops Wake and Gibson show that four, or at the outside six, celebrations in the year were all that could be attained at Bletchley during the first part of the eighteenth century. It seems indeed that the High Church- men of that period belonged to a type which is now extinct. There is really no party within the Church of to-day which can fairly claim to represent them. They justified the Reformation, while yet they despised the vandalism which it often produced ; they hated Dissenters as no Churchman of to-day would think it proper to do ; they were sincere lovers of the English Church, and yet they seemed content with so small a share in Church privileges. They had lost, too, all the old bitterness against Rome — it is indeed a little startling to hear Cole speak of the 'pretended Powder plot' of 1605, and of ' Foxe's Book of Martyrs, as it is called ' — and yet they were in no way attracted by her modern methods.

The parish church of Gayhurst was rebuilt in 1728 at the expense of a certain Mr. Wright, patron at that time of the living ; he was doubtless a man of real generosity, though not a Churchman of the same type as Browne Willis. The old chapel of St. Giles at Stony Stratford was also rebuilt in 1757. There was destructive work done too during

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text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Meek, James


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Meeke, Mary


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Meen, Henry


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Meeson, Alfred


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Meetkerke, Edward


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Meggot, Richard


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Meidel, Christopher


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Meikle, Andrew


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Meikle, James


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Meilan, Mark Anthony


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Meilyr Brydydd


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Mel


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Melbancke, Brian


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Meldola, Raphael


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Meldrum, George


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Meldrum, John


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Melia, Pius


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Meliton, William of


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Mellis, Hugh


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Mellish, George


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Mellitus


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Mellon, Alfred


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Mellon, Harriot


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Mellor, John


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Melmoth, William (1666-1743)


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Melmoth, William (1710-1799)


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Melton, John


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Melton, William de (d.1340)


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Melton, William de (d.1528)


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Melvill, Thomas


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Melville, Andrew (1545-1622)


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Melville, Andrew (1624-1706)


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Melville, David


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Melville, George


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Rh Concerning your duties in the administration of the aforesaid act I have to advise you as follows, to wit:

When the survey in the field finds two or more settlers with improvements on the same legal subdivision, o joint entry thereof will be allowed as heretofore:

If they so elect, however they may contract by and between themselves only that one of them may file for and enter the whole of such tract, and, after a patent is issued therefor to him, convey to the others their portion of sold land.

Under the last-named provision it is necessary that the said contract be made first, and that the tiling and entry shall both be made in pursuance thereof.

This contract must be made in signed by all parties thereto, attested by two disinterested witnesses, and acknowledged before some officer authorized to take acknowledgments of deeds within and for the State where the land is situated. The character and authority of the officer must be verified by the seal of a court of record. You will make no reference to the contract until the party seeks to make actual entry, when you will require the original paper if the same as been placed upon the records of the county, a duly certified copy thereof under seal will he sufficient.

You will require such proof of occupation by settlement,residence, and improvement, by each and every party to said contract, as would be sufficient under the former practice to justify a joint entry. Their good faith and compliance with law must be fully proven.

The proviso to section one is held to mean that not more than one hundred and sixty acres or a technical quarter-section, as allowed under the pre-emption laws, shall be ingluded in any one entry. An inconsiderable excess, when the tract is bounded by regular quater-section lines, will be permitted.

The act does not specify what improvements a settler must have on a legal subdivision, partly occupied by another, to entitle him to a joint entry, It is held, however, that each must have improvements of value, an dnot merely of a nominal character or ex, warrant a proceeding under this act.

The pre-emption affadavit as written on page 17 in circular of August 30, 1872, will be amended, in cases where entry is made under this act, by inserting utter the word "whomsoever," in the ninth (9th) line, the words "save under the act of March 3, 1873, and as specified in the contract herewith submitted in pursuance thereof."

You will in each case forward, with the entry papers, to this Office said original contract, or the certified copy from record as aforesaid.

You will perceive that the set refers only to pre-emptors on agricultural lands; and the word "homestead" in the last line of the proviso to the lint section is used only in a descriptive sense. You will also observe that where either or any of the parties settle "after" survey no joint entry or proceeding under this act can be had. Respectfully,

Commissioner.

Prior to said act, when two or more settlers were found, on survey in the field, with valuable improvements on the some smallest legal subdivision of forty acres, they were allowed, under rulings of the Department, to make joint entry of such tracts when such a course constituted the only equitable method of adjustment. Under this act settlers may unquestionably proceed with more certainty and avoid litigation, after issue of patent, in the matter of a division of the land so jointly entered.

An act entitled "An act to authorize pro-emptors or settlers upon homesteads on the public land to alienate portions of their pre-emptions or homesteads for certain public purposes," was approved March 3, 1873, and is as follows, to wit:

Be it enacted, &c., That any person who has already settled or hereafter may settle on the public lands of the United States, either by premption or by virtue of the homestead law or any amendments thereto, shell have the right to transfer by warranty, against his or her own acts, any portion of his or her said pre-emption or homestead for church, cemetery, or school purposes, or for the right of way of railroads across such pre-emption or homestead, an the transfer for such public purposes shall in no way vitate the right to complete and perfect the title to their pre-emptions or home-steads.

The periods within which settlers under the pre-eruption laws must file their declaratory statements and make final proof and payment for their claims remain the some as at date of my lost report.

The district land-officers are instructed to permit no pre-emption entry


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Rh the same period. Since the complete dismantling of the abbey church at Biddlesden in 1569, the parishioners of that village had attended a little chapel dedicated to the honour of St. Margaret ; but this also was pulled down in 1713 by the lord of the manor, and the only place for many years available for services was a large room under the same roof as the stables of the manor house. The tower of the disused church of Filgrave was pulled down about 1758 to repair a mill, because it was thought that old stones which had stood the weather so long would be more trustworthy than new ; and the very foundations were dug up shortly after by the rector, who was desirous to repair and fit up his parsonage 'in a very handsome manner.' It is also written of Sir William Stanhope, successor of the Dormers at Eythrope, that in 1738 he ' wickedly, sacrilegiously and impiously demolished ' the remains of the ancient chapel there to repair a bridge. Such acts were unhappily only too common at the time ; it was much if the parish churches still in use were kept in decent repair. A real effort of reform in this direction was made by Archdeacon Ibbetson of St. Albans in 1757, which affected four churches now in the archdeaconry of Buckingham : Grandborough, Little Horwood, Winslow and Aston Abbots. The first two needed a complete repair of the whole fabric of the chancel, besides whitewashing, glazing, etc. ; at Aston Abbots the pavement and the flooring of the seats were out of order, and a new carpet was needed for the altar ; at Winslow the pavement and pews wanted repair, and a new west door had to be provided. The directions, often repeated during this visitation, that there should be a napkin provided to cover the sacred vessels at the time of celebration, and that the surplice belonging to the church should be washed at least four times a year, point to a general slovenliness in the services of the Church at this time. Yet there are indications here and there of a higher standard ; one in particular connected with the church of Bledlow is of great interest and deserves special notice.

An inventory referring to this church and dated 1785 is still in existence, and shows that it was better furnished than we should naturally expect during this period. It is evident that the Holy Eucharist was celebrated with much reverence and care, though we do not know how frequently ; the bread and wine were placed before the service not on the altar but on a ' sideboard ' or credence covered with linen ; water and cambric towels were provided for the cleansing of the sacred vessels ; and the celebrant was vested in an alb. It seems probable too that he said the consecration prayer at any rate before the altar. There is a similarly careful and reverent provision of all things needful for occasional services : a litany desk stood in

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726 to be consummated until three months from and after the date of filing the township plat of survey in the district office shall have expired. Said period of three months is given pre-emptors who settle prior to the filing of the township plat, by statute, in which to file their declaratory statements.

The seventh section of the act of July 23, 1868 "An act to quiet landtitles in California," has received new and more liberal construction by the Department proper. Said section provides—

That where persons in good faith and for a valuable consideration have purchased lands of Mexican grantees or assigns, which grants have subsequently been rejected, or where the lands so purchased have been excluded from the final survey of any Mexican grant, and have used, improved and continued in the actual possession of the same as according to the lines of the original purchase, and where no valid adverse right or title (except of the United States) exists, such purchasers may purchase the same, after having such lands surveyed under existing laws, at the minimum price establish by law, &c

In case of Sanford E. Wilson's application to purchase certain lands under said section, the Hon. Secretary of the Interior decided in substance—following the doctrine laid down by the Supreme Court of the United States in case of Myers vs. Croft, (113 Wallace, 291)—that the right of purchase secured thereby is alienable and descends to the heirs upon the death of the purchaser: Prior to said decision the contrary doctrine prevailed.

In case of L. H. Buscom vs. Moses Davis, in which Davis is a claimant under said seventh section, the Hon. Secretary of the Interior decides, in substance, that when parties bring themselves in other respects within the law, but fail to show use, improvement, and possession of all the land as according to the lines of their original purchase they may purchase from the Government such portion of their original purchase as they have had in actual possession. These decisions constitute the precedents on which similar cases will hereafter be adjudicated.

Pursuant to my former recommendations, a bill for the repeal of the preemption laws received favorable action from both Houses of Congress of the last session, but at so late n date in the House of Representatives that the Senate was unable to act upon some slight amendments by the House, and it therefore foiled to become a law.

The many frauds which occur under the preemption laws, almost universally in the interest of speculators; the fact that most liberal terms are provided under the homestead laws for such as desire to obtain title to the public lands in good faith for purposes of actual settlement and cultivation; that actual inhabitancy and improvement are worth more to the country than the excess of revenue derived from the sole to preemptors; that the policy of the Government is that these lands should be occupied, improved, and made to augment the productions of the country, and that under the pre-emption laws this object is substantially defeated, impel me, in view of the magnitude of the interests involved, to again urge the repeal of the several pre-emption acts, so that those who wish to obtain title to the public lands us actual settlers may be required to do so under the homestead laws.

The following act, entitled "An act for the relief of settlers on the into Sioux Indian reservation in the State of Minnesota," was approved February 24, 1873:

Be it enacted &c., That all actual settlers who have duly filed their declaratory statements under the pre-emption laws with the register of the proper local land-office


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Rh the church, with a covering of silk, a stool and a cushion ; there was a burying pall kept safely in a long oaken box, a short surplice for funerals, a sleeveless surplice for the clerk. And here again we may notice that in a specially well-furnished church there is no mention of cross or candlesticks ; only the altar-piece of mahogany, which con- tained a picture of the Deposition, was surmounted by a pediment ' furnished with three sham tapers in candlesticks carved and gilt.'

The interesting point in connection with this inventory is that it was made in the time of a rector, Dr. John Davey, who had no reputa- tion for singularity, and who afterwards, as Master of Balliol, was in no way distinguished from his predecessors. The previous rector, from whom he probably inherited some of the unusual ornaments, was equally insignificant. And yet it is difficult to believe in the face of the evidence given by such a keen observer as Cole of Bletchley that such cases were common, at any rate in this part of the country.

The Methodists secured several centres of influence in this county towards the close of the century. Wesley himself made a preaching excursion to Beaconsfield and High Wycombe in 1757, and the latter became the chief scene of his labours and those of his followers from that time forward. The county of Buckingham was soon made part of a ' circuit ' embracing also Berkshire, Oxfordshire, and Wiltshire. It was under the influence of Wesley that Hannah Ball began her Sunday School at High Wycombe in 1769, fourteen years before the similar effort made by Robert Raikes at Gloucester : it was in connection with the parish church, and she was careful to take the children there after their lessons. In 1777 a Methodist Chapel was first built at High Wycombe, and Wesley came to preach there ; it was on this occasion that he was unable to proceed with his sermon because a drummer had been hired to play just outside the window. At Aylesbury there were Methodists also, though for some time they preached in the Baptists' meeting-house. In 1768 Thomas Grove, one of the six students expelled from St. Edmund's Hall for holding private prayer-meetings, came back to his father's house near Wooburn and began to preach and hold religious exercises there : a congregation was formed which afterwards built a chapel at Core's End. The Methodist influence also affected

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Rh several of the clergy of this county : Cole tells us of Barton Burton, curate of Ravenstone, that he had a ' strong Methodistical turn ' which had ' near shattered a weak understanding ' ; Thomas Scott, afterwards curate of the same place and later of Olney, whose commentaries on Holy Scripture were largely read even by Church people about fifty years ago, was one of the same school. The most famous Methodist of this county, however, was John Newton, curate of Olney from 1764 to 1779 : two new galleries had to be built in the parish church to accommodate those who flocked to hear his preaching. Newton's own account of the reflections which led him to seek episcopal ordination shows that he had no idea whatever of any intrinsic superiority of the Church over the sects, or of the necessity of apostolic succession : he only became and remained a churchman, like many others of his time, because the holding of a benefice within the establishment secured to him a larger influence. The effects of such an attitude, maintained by many popular preachers, remained in the Church long after the main body of the Methodists had separated from her, and the strength of the movement had spent itself. The same party within the Church, while rightly insisting on the necessity of personal religion, tended to dis- courage reverence for its external forms and for the ordinary means of grace in an age which already valued them little enough. It is probable that to this period, the close of the eighteenth and beginning of the nineteenth centuries, we owe the loss of many ancient Church customs and relics of mediaeval devotion which had survived even the ravages of the Commonwealth. Many of the churches lapsed again into a condition not unlike that described in the visitation of 1637. In Aylesbury Church before 1848 there was scarcely a wall or pillar which had not gone out of the perpendicular. At the time when Lipscomb wrote his History of Buckinghamshire the sky was visible through the roof of the chapel at Tattenhoe ; and the church at Stowe was a ' small mean structure,' with a decayed vicarage in which no one had lived for nearly a century. The same want of reverence which did not care to keep the churches in repair caused them sometimes to be put to strange uses. Aylesbury Church was turned into a powder magazine at

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Rh the beginning of the century during the French wars. Not very long after the south transept was a receptacle for all the apparatus belonging to the Fire Brigade—three engines, drags, buckets and helmets ; and beside these lay the sexton's tools, the hearse with its trestles, and a great wooden hut used for funerals in bad weather.

The reaction commonly known as the Oxford Movement began to be felt in this county about the year 1850. During the next twenty years a great work of restoration was going on in every direction. It was carried out perhaps here as in other parts of the kingdom some- times with more zeal than knowledge ; but those who have followed the history of the county through its course will scarcely find it in their hearts to regret the trifling losses involved in so great a gain. During the last half century also several of the larger parishes, such as High Wycombe, Chesham, Wolverton, Burnham, Great Marlow, have been subdivided, and new churches have been built to meet the needs of the increased population around those and other centres. These changes are necessarily less extensive and less marked in a county chiefly agricultural than they are in the great manufacturing districts. But the census of 1 901 returned for Buckinghamshire a total of 286 clergymen of the Estab- lished Church, over against 10 Roman Catholic priests and 74 ministers of various sects. It is obvious that after all the vicissitudes of the past the Church of England still holds a point of vantage even in this county —and still has hope, if she use her opportunity aright, to win back many of her lost and strayed children to a truer appreciation of her privileges.

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HE original churches of Buckinghamshire were in all probability subject at first to the West Saxon bishops of Dorchester (afterwards of Winchester) : and when the con- quests of Offa in the eighth century transferred this district to the Mercian kingdom, Dorchester again became its ecclesiastical centre. The boundaries of this new Mercian diocese varied no doubt a good deal during the period of Danish invasion ; but it would always have included at least the counties of Buckingham and Oxford : and when after the Conquest the ' bishop's stool ' was transferred to Lincoln, these two counties suffered no change of jurisdiction.

It was proposed at the dissolution of monasteries to make a new diocese, including Bed- fordshire and Buckinghamshire, but as a matter of fact both remained a part of the diocese of Lincoln till 1837, when the latter was transferred to Oxford.

It is generally agreed that the archdeaconries were first divided during the episcopate of Rmy ; that is to say, towards the close of the eleventh century ; but the further sub- division into rural deaneries is more difficult to date. It seems not improbable that the rural deans were in existence as recognized officials some time before their territorial limits were fixed. We hear of a dean of Thornborough in the twelfth century ; but this place does not appear among the names of deaneries mentioned in the Taxatio of Pope Nicholas IV. These are Buckingham, Newport, Wendover, Burnham, Wycombe, Mursley, Risborough and Waddes- don, eight in all. They contained one hundred and eighty-six parishes. The same number of deaneries existed in 1535, and very nearly the same number of parishes, but there are some changes in the distribution of the latter. The two prebendal churches of Buckingham and Aylesbury, which in the Taxatio are placed after the churches in the Burnham deanery, are givan in the Valor Ecclesiasticus to the deaneries of Buckingham and Wendover respectively. The four churches belonging to the abbey of St. Albans, not mentioned at all in the Taxatio, are set by themselves in the Valor as ' within the jurisdiction of the Abbot of St. Albans.' These four Winslow, Grandborough, Aston Abbots and Little Horwood—remained in the archdeaconry of St. Albans until the redistribution in 1837.

At the revival of the rural deaneries in the last century the old divisions were retained, with the exception of the deanery of Risborough ; its two churches, Monks Risborough and Halton, being assigned to Wendover. At this time the deanery of Buckingham contained 27 parishes, that of Burnham 26, Mursley 28, Newport 44, Waddesdon 26, Wendover 25, Wy- combe 17 ; 193 in all. There were a few minor changes in 1853, of which the most impor- tant was the removal of the chapels of Hornton and Horley, so long connected with the prebend of Sutton-cum-Buckingham, altogether out of the jurisdiction of this archdeaconry. In 1855 there was a reconstruction of the rural deaneries, which were made thirteen in number.

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Rh {|}}
 * Burnham
 * containing 17 parishes
 * North Mursley
 * " 15 "
 * South Mursley
 * " 15 "
 * Newport (first division)
 * " 21 "
 * Newport (second division)
 * " 16 "
 * Stony Stratford
 * " 16 "
 * Waddesdon
 * " 13 "
 * Wendover (first division)
 * " 14 "
 * Wendover (second division)
 * " 12 "
 * Wycombe
 * " 19 "
 * }
 * Wendover (first division)
 * " 14 "
 * Wendover (second division)
 * " 12 "
 * Wycombe
 * " 19 "
 * }
 * " 19 "
 * }
 * }

In 1865 there were further changes. To the deanery of Amersham two parishes were added ; one of long standing, viz. High Wycombe, another quite new, Gerrard's Cross. To the deanery of Burnham six parishes were added (Dropmore being a new subdivision of the parish of Burnham), and one was taken away from it. The deaneries of Stony Stratford, Wycombe and Wendover (first division) were altogether abolished, and their parishes redis- tributed ; Buckingham was divided into two parts. The new deaneries formed in their place were as follows :

In 1874 there were several minor changes, nineteen parishes being redistributed among the various deaneries. The greater changes were (i) the combining of the two parts of Buck- ingham deanery into one ; (2) the revival of Wycombe deanery, containing 18 parishes ; (3) the formation of two new deaneries Bletchley, from the second portion of Newport, and Ivinghoe from the second portion of Mursley. The last change of importance was the re- division of Buckingham deanery into two parts in 1897, and in the same year the parish of Christ Church was severed from the ancient parish of High Wycombe. I

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Rh

William son of Marine holds in [Ludgershall] 2 hides. There is land for 2 ploughs. In the demesne are 1 hide and 1 virgate, and on it is 1 plough; and 3 villeins have 1 plough. Meadow is there (sufficient) for 1 plough (team). It is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 20 shillings. This manor Alvric the chamberlain of King Edward held and could sell.

Turstin son of Rolf holds [Little Kimble] and Albert holds of him. It is assessed at 10 hides. There is land for 10 ploughs. On the demesne are 2 and there could be other 2. There 10 villeins with 1 bordar have 3 ploughs and there could be 3 others. There are 2 serfs, and 1 mill worth (de) 16 shillings, and meadow (sufficient) for 10 plough (teams). In all (totis valentiis) it is and was worth 100 shillings; T.R.E. 6 pounds. This manor Brictric, a thegn of King Edward, held.

M. In [Hardwick] Turstin holds 19 hides. There is land for 19 ploughs. In the demesne are 9½ hides, and on it are 3 ploughs and there could be a fourth. There 24 villeins with 4 bordars have 14½ ploughs, and there could be another half a plough. There are 8 serfs, and meadow (sufficient) for 10 plough (teams). In all (totis valentiis) it is worth 15 pounds; when received 10 pounds; T.R.E. 16 pounds. This manor Saxi a thegn of King Edward held.

(An entry about Bricstoch follows, crossed out and also marked O )

fo. 151b

Turstin Mantel holds half a hide in [(Little) Missenden ]. There is land for 2 ploughs. On the demesne is 1; and 2 villeins with 1 bordar have 1 plough. Meadow is there (sufficient) for 2 plough (teams), wood- land (to feed) 30 swine. It is and was worth 20 shillings; T.R.E. 30 shillings. This land Seric a man of Sired held and could sell.

In [Amersham] Turstin holds half a hide. There is land for 2 ploughs. There is 1 plough and there could be another. There are 2 villeins with 1 bordar, meadow (sufficient) for 2 plough (teams), woodland (to feed) 30 swine. It is and was worth 13 shillings and 4 pence; T.R.E. 20 shillings. This land Turchil, a man of King Edward, held and could sell.

[Chesham] Turstin holds half a hide. There is land for 1 plough, but it has been laid waste. It is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 5 shillings. This land Epy, a man of Brictric, held and could sell.

M. Ralf de Felgeres holds [Twyford]. It is assessed at 17 hides. There is land for 18 ploughs. In the demesne are 6 hides, and on it are 3 ploughs and there could be 2 more. There 15 villeins with 10 bordars have n ploughs and there could be 2 more. There are 9 serfs, meadow (sufficient) for 3 plough (teams), woodland (to feed) 1OO swine. In all (totis valentiis) it is worth 10 pounds; when received 8 pounds; T.R.E. 12 pounds. This manor Countess Goda held, 8 and there a certain man of Earl Harold had 3 hides as one manor and could sell.

M. Ralf himself holds [Charndon ]. It is assessed at 10 hides. There is land for 10 ploughs. In the demesne are 2 hides, and on it are 2 ploughs; and 18 villeins with 11 bordars have 8 ploughs. There are 4 serfs, and meadow (sufficient) for 2

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Rh plough (teams). In all it is and was worth 8 pounds ; T.R.E. 9 pounds. This manor Eingar, a man of Earl Harold, held and could sell.

M. Bertran de Verdun holds [Farnham (Royal)]. It is assessed at 10 hides. There is land for 8 ploughs. In the demesne are 5 hides, and on it are 2 ploughs ; and 5 villeins with 3 bordars have 4 ploughs and there could be 2 more. There are 2 serfs, meadow (sufficient) for 2 plough (teams) and woodland (to feed) 600 swine. In all it is worth 100 shillings ; when received 4 pounds ; and the same T.R.E. This manor Countess Goda held. Half a hide of this manor Geoffrey de Mannevile holds in Elmode- sham [Amersham] of which he dispossessed (desaisivit) the aforesaid Bertran whilst he was over sea in the service of the king, ac- cording to the testimony of the Hundred court) ; and Ralf Tailgebosc set up (fecit] on Bertran's land a mill which was not there T.R.E., as the Hundred (court) testifies.

M. Nigel de Albingi holds [Turville]. It is assessed at 5 hides. There is land for 11 ploughs. On the demesne are 3 ; and 13 villeins with 1 bordar have 7 ploughs and there could be an eighth. There is woodland (to feed) 20 swine. In all it is worth 7 pounds ; when received 100 shil- lings ; T.R.E. 7 pounds. This manor Turbert a man of Earl Algar held and could sell.

M. In [Kingsey and Towersey] Nigel (de)Wast holds of Nigel 9 hides and 1 virgate. There is land for 7 ploughs. On the de- mesne are 3; and 10 villeins have 4 ploughs. There are 4 serfs, and meadow (sufficient) for 7 plough (teams). In all (totis valentiis) it is worth 7 pounds; when received 100 shill- ings; T. R. E. 8 pounds. This manor 7 thegns,men of King Edward, held and could sell.

Nigel de Berevile holds in [Drayton (Parslow)] 2 hides and 1 virgate as one manor. There is land for 8 ploughs. On the demesne is 1 and there could be 2 more. There 8 villeins with 2 bordars have 4½ ploughs and there could be another half a plough. There are 3 serfs, and meadow (suffi- cient) for 8 plough (teams). It is worth 40 shillings ; when received 100 shillings, and the same T.R.E. This manor Lewin de Neuham [Nuneham (Courtenay)] held of the king, and afterwards, T.R.W., Ralf Passa- quam held it of the same Lewin and found 2 men with hauberks (loricatos) for the guard of (in custodio de) Windesores [Windsor]. This Ralf the Bishop of Coutances dispos- sessed (desaisivit) and put the above-mentioned Nigel into possession.

Roger de Iveri holds [ ] and Picot holds of him. It is assessed at 2 hides. There is land for 4 ploughs. On the de- mesne are 2 ; and 4 villeins with 2 bor- dars have 2 ploughs. There are 2 serfs, meadow (sufficient) for I plough (team), wood- land (to feed) 200 swine. In all (totis valentiis) it is worth 40 shillings ; when received 30 shillings ; T.R.E. 50 shillings. This manor Azor son of Toti, a man of Queen Eddid, held and could sell.

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text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ogden, Samuel (1626?-1697)


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ogden, Samuel (1716-1778)


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ogilby, John


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Rh

In [Westbury (by Shenley) ] Payn holds of Roger 2½ hides as one manor. There is land for 7 ploughs. On the de- mesne are 2½ ploughs ; and 8 villeins with 2 bordars have 4½ ploughs. There is 1 serf, and there are 2 mills worth (de) 18 shillings, and meadow (sufficient) for 5 plough (teams), and woodland (to feed) 250 swine. In all (totis valentiis) it is worth 60 shillings; when received 50 shillings ; T.R.E. 60 shillings. This manor Alwin brother of Bishop Wlwi held and could sell.

In [Dodford ] Haimard holds of Roger 2 hides as one manor. There is land for 4 ploughs. There is I, and there could be 3 more. There are 4 bordars and i serf, meadow (sufficient) for 4 plough (teams), and woodland (to feed) 2OO swine. In all it is and was worth 20 shillings ; T.R.E. 30 shillings. This manor Lewin a man of Burgered held and could assign (dare) and sell.

M. Fulco holds of Roger [Radclive]. It is assessed at 5 hides. There is land for 8 ploughs. On the demesne are 3 ; and 6 villeins with 4 bordars have 3 ploughs and there could be 2 more. There are serfs, and 1 mill worth (de) 5 shillings, and meadow (sufficient) for 8 plough (teams). In all it is worth 100 shillings ; when received pounds ; T.R.E. 6 pounds. This manor Azor son of Toti held and could sell.

In [Beachampton] Lewin holds of Roger I hide. There is land for 1 plough, and it is there with 2 villeins. Mea- dow is there (sufficient) for I plough (team). It is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 10 shillings. This land Levric a man of Azor held and could sell.

M. Godfrey holds of Roger [Thornton]. It is assessed at 8 hides. There is land for 10 ploughs. On the demesne are 3, and there could be a fourth. There 12 villeins with 5 bordars have 5 ploughs and there could be a sixth. There are 3 serfs, and 1 mill worth (de) 10 'ores,' and meadow (sufficient) for 6 plough (teams). In all (totis valentiis) it is and was worth 6 pounds ; T.R.E. 8 pounds. This manor Azor son of Toti held and could sell.

Fulco holds of Roger [ ] as 1 hide. There is land for ij ploughs. There is there 1 plough and there could be a half plough (more). There are 1 bordar and 1 serf, and meadow (sufficient) for 1 plough (teams). It is and was worth 30 shillings ; T.R.E. 40 shillings. This manor Thori, a man of King Edward, held and could sell.

Richard Ingania holds in [Shen- ley ] 1 hides as one manor. There is land for 2 ploughs, and these are there with 8 villeins and 2 serfs. Meadow is there (sufficient) for 2 plough (teams), woodland (to feed) 50 swine. It is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 40 shillings. This manor Wlward, a thegn of King Edward, held.

M. Maigno the Breton holds in [Ellesborough] 14½ hides. There is land for 11 ploughs. In the demesne are 5 hides, and on it are 3 ploughs ; and 8 villeins with 10 bordars have 8 ploughs. There are 4 serfs, meadow (sufficient) for 3 plough (teams), woodland (to feed) 100 swine. In all (totis valentiis) it is worth 6 pounds ; when received 4 pounds ; T.R.E. 10 pounds. This manor Levenot, a man of King Edward, held.

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Rh In [Chalfont (St. Giles) ] Maigno holds 4 hides and 3 virgates. There island for 15 ploughs. In the demesne is 1 hide, and on it

fo. 152

are 3 ploughs; and 13 villeins and 8 bordars have 12 ploughs. There are 4 serfs, and 3 mills, one paying 5 'ores ' and two others paying nothing, meadow (sufficient) for 1 plough (team), woodland (to feed) 600 swine, and in the same wood is a falcon eyry (Area acipitris). In all (totis valentiis) it is worth 6 pounds and 10 shillings; when received 100 shillings ; T.R.E. 6 pounds and 10 shillings. This manor Tovi, a thegn of King Edward, held, and there Alward his man had half a hide and could sell (it).

In [Aston (Sandford) ] Odo holds of Maigno 4 ½ hides. There is land for 4½ ploughs. On the demesne are 3 ; and 3 vil- leins with 4 bordars have 1½ ploughs. There are 6 serfs, and meadow (sufficient) for 2 plough (teams). In all it is worth 100 shil- lings ; when received 4 pounds ; T.R.E. loo shillings. This manor Sotinz, a man of Earl Tosti, held and could sell.

In [Elstrop ] Helgot holds of Maigno 4 hides and 1 virgate as one manor. There is land for 3 ploughs. On the de- mesne are 2 ploughs; and 2 villeins (are there) with 1 plough. There are 2 serfs and meadow (sufficient) for 3 plough (teams). It is worth 40 shillings; when received 20 shillings; T.R.E. 4 pounds. This manor 4 thegns held ; one was a man of Earl Lewin, another a man of Wlwen, the third a man of Lewin of Mentemore [Mentmore], the fourth a man of Brictric ; all could sell (their land).

In DRAITONE [Drayton (Beauchamp)] Helgot holds of Maigno 6 hides and 3 virgates as one manor, and 3 acres. There is land for 4 ploughs. On the demesne is 1 ; and 13 vil- leins have 3 ploughs. There are 2 serfs meadow (sufficient) for 3 plough (teams), wood- land (to feed) 200 swine. In all it is and was worth 4 pounds ; T.R.E. 100 shillings This manor Alvric, a thegn of King Edward, held and could sell.

In [Lamport] Girard holds of Maigno 2½ hides. There is land for 3 ploughs. On the demesne is 1 ; and 1 villein with 3 bordars have 1 plough and there could be another. There is 1 serf. Meadow is there (sufficient) for 1 plough (team), wood- land (to feed) 40 swine. In all it is worth 30 shillings ; when received 16 shillings T.R.E. 30 shillings. This land Rawen a man of Bishop Wlwi held and could sell.

In TORNEBERGE [Thorn borough] Berner holds of Maigno 14 hides and i virgate as one manor. There is land for 1 1 ploughs. On the demesne are 3 ; and 14 villeins with 8 bordars have 8 ploughs. There are 3 serfs, and 1 mill worth (de) 20 shillings, and meadow (sufficient) for 4 plough (teams). In all (totis valentits) it is worth 8 pounds ; when re- ceived 6 pounds ; T.R.E. 8 pounds. This manor Thori, a thegn of King Edward, held.

M. Maigno himself holds [Pad- bury]. It is assessed at 20 hides. There is land for 14 ploughs. On the demesne are ? and there could be a fourth. There 15 vil- leins with 6 bordars have 8 ploughs and there could be 3 more. There are 8 serfs, and 1 mill worth (de) 15 shillings, and wood- land (to feed) 30 swine. In all (totis valentiis) it is worth 12 pounds; when received 7 pounds; T.R.E. 12 pounds.

M. Maigno himself holds [Stoke (Hammond)]. It is assessed at 10 hides. There is land for 10 ploughs. In the demesne are 3 hides, and on it are 3 ploughs; and 12 vil- leins with 4 bordars have 6 ploughs and there could be a seventh. There are 6 serfs, and 1 mill worth (de) 8 shillings, and meadow (sufficient) for 6 plough (teams). In all (totis

title: Page:VCH Buckinghamshire 1.djvu/332


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ogilvie, James


text:
Page:VCH Buckinghamshire 1.djvu/333

Rh valentiis) it is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 10 pounds. This manor 8 thegns held ; one of these held 6 hides less half a virgate as one manor, and he and all the other 7 could sell their land to whom they wished.

In [Loughton] 2 knights (milites) hold of Maigno 5 hides as one manor. There is land for 5 ploughs. On the de- mesne are 2 ; and 6 villeins with 2 bor- dars have 1½ ploughs and there could be a half plough (more). There is 1 serf. Mea- dow is there (sufficient) for 5 plough (teams). In all (totis valentiis) it is and was worth 3 pounds ; T.R.E. 4 pounds. This manor Alvric, a thegn of King Edward, held and could sell.

M. Maigno himself holds [Wolverton ]. It is assessed at 20 hides. There is land for 20 ploughs. In the de- mesne are 9 hides, and on it are 5 ploughs ; and 32 villeins with 8 bordars have 10 ploughs and there could be 5 more. There are 10 serfs, and 2 mills worth (de) 32 shillings and 8 pence, and meadow (sufficient) for 9 plough (teams). In all (totis valentiis) it is worth 20 pounds ; when received 15 pounds ; T.R.E. 20 pounds. This manor 3 thegns held ; one of these, Goduin, a man of Earl Harold, had 10 hides, another, Tori, a house- carl of King Edward, had 7½ hides, and the third, Alvric, a man of Queen Eddid, 2½ hides. These all could sell (their land) to whom they wished.

M. Gozelin the Breton holds in [Amersham] half a hide. There is land for 1 plough, and this is there with 5 bordars and 1 mill worth (de) 4 shillings. Meadow is there (sufficient) for 1 plough (team). It is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 20 shillings. This land Alvric, a man of Godric the sheriff, held and could sell.

{{c|{{sc|In Coteslai [Cottesloe] Hundret }}

In {{sc|Soleberie}} [Soulbury] Gozelin holds 1½ hides and the third part of 1 virgate as one manor. There is land for 4 ploughs. In the demesne is half a hide, and on it is 1 plough ; and 4 villeins with 2 bordars have 3 ploughs. There are 3 serfs, and 1 mill worth (de) 16 shillings, and meadow (sufficient) for 1 plough (team). It is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 40 shillings. This manor Alwin, a man of Eddeva the Fair, held and could sell.

M. Gozelin himself holds {{sc|Coblincote}} [Cublington]. It is assessed at 10 hides. There is land for 9 ploughs. In the demesne are 6 hides, and on it are 4 ploughs ; and 8 villeins with 8 bordars have 5 ploughs. There are 5 serfs, and meadow (sufficient) for 4 plough (teams). In all it is worth 6 pounds; when received 3 pounds ; T.R.E. 6 pounds. This manor two men of King Edward held as 2 manors—Goduin 2 hides and Torchil 8 hides—and could sell (their land).

In {{sc|Langrave}} [Grove ] Robert holds of Gozelin 2½ hides. There is land for 2 ploughs. On the demesne is 1 ; and 2 villeins have another plough. It is and was worth 20 shillings; T.R.E. 27 shillings. This manor two brothers held and could sell.

{{c|{{sc|In Erlai [Yardley] Hundret}} }

Ralf holds of Gozelin 1½ hides. There is land for 1 plough, and it is there with 1 vil- lein and 2 bordars, and meadow (sufficient) for i plough (team). It is and was worth 15 shil- lings ; T.R.E. 20 shillings. This land Alwin, a man of Eddeva the Fair, held and could sell.

{{c|XLV. THE LAND OF URSE DE BERBERS}} {{c|{{sc|In Muselai [Mursley] Hundret}} }} Urse de Berseres holds in {{sc|Senelai}} [Shenley] 2½ hides as one manor. There is land for 2 ploughs. In the demesne are 1½ hides, and on it is 1 plough ; and the villeins have 1 plough. There is woodland (to feed) 50 swine. It is and was worth 30 shillings ; T.R.E. 40 shillings. This manor Morcar, a man of Earl Harold, held and could sell. {{nop}} {{smallrefs}} {{c|271}}

title: Page:VCH Buckinghamshire 1.djvu/333


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ogilvie, John (1580?-1615)


text:
Page:VCH Buckinghamshire 1.djvu/334

Rh

M. Winemar holds [Hans- lope]. It is assessed at 10 hides. There is land for 26 ploughs. In the demesne are 5 hides, and, besides these, 5 carucates of land, and on it are 2 ploughs and there could be 4 more. There 36 villeins with 11 bordars have 18 ploughs and there could be 2 more. There are 8 serfs, and 1 mill worth (de) 12 shillings, meadow (sufficient) for 1 1 plough (teams), and woodland (to feed) 1,000 swine. In all (totis valentiis) it is worth 24 pounds ; when received 20 pounds; T.R.E. 24 pounds. This manor Aldene, a housecarl of King Edward, held and could sell.

Martin holds in [Woughton on the Green] 5½ hides as one manor. There is land for 5 ploughs. On the demesne are

fo. 152b

1½, and there could be half a plough more. There 6 villeins with 3 bordars have 3 ploughs. There is meadow (sufficient) for 2 plough (teams). There are 4 serfs. In all it is and was worth 100 shillings; T.R.E. 6 pounds. This manor Azor son of Toti, a thegn of King Edward, held, and another thegn, his man, held I hide and could sell (it).

Hervey the legate (legatus) holds in [Ibstone ] 2 hides of the king. There is land for 5 ploughs. In the demesne is half a hide, and on it are 2 ploughs ; and 7 villeins have 2 ploughs and there could be a third. There is I smith, and there are 4 serfs, and woodland (to feed) 100 swine. In all (totis valentiis) it is and was worth 4 pounds ; T.R.E. 100 shillings. This manor Tovi, a thegn of King Edward, held and could sell.

Haiscoit Musard holds in CHENTONE [Quainton] 2½ hides as one manor, and Eudo holds of him. There is land for 4 ploughs. On the demesne are 2 ploughs ; and 4 villeins with 3 bordars have i plough and there could be another. There are 2 serfs, meadow (sufficient) for 2 plough (teams), and woodland (to feed) 100 swine. In all it is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 50 shillings. This manor Azor son of Toti, a housecarl of King Edward, held and could sell.

Gunfrid de Cioches holds in [Wingrave] 6 hides as one manor, and Wibald holds of him. There is land for 5 ploughs. On the demesne are 3 ; and 8 villeins and (cum) 3 bordars have 2 ploughs. There is 1 serf, and meadow (sufficient) for 5 plough (teams). In all (totis valentiis) it is and was worth 100 shillings ; T.R.E. 6 pounds. This manor Suen, a thegn of King Edward, held and could sell.

Gilo brother of Ansculf holds DACETA [Datchet] as 13½ hides. There is land for 12 ploughs. In the demesne are 5 hides, and 1 plough is on it and there could be 4 (more). There 16 villeins with 6 bordars have 7 ploughs. There are 3 serfs, meadow (sufficient) for 5 plough (teams), woodland (to feed) 300 swine, and 2 fisheries (worth) 2,000 eels. In all (totis valentiis) it is and was worth 6 pounds ; T.R.E. 12 pounds. Six hides and 3 virgates of this manor Seulf, a man of Earl Lewin,held as 1 manor, and Siward his brother, a man of Earl Harold, 6 hides and 3 virgates ; these could sell (their land).

title: Page:VCH Buckinghamshire 1.djvu/334


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ogilvie, John (1733-1813)


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ogilvie, John (1797-1867)


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ogilvie, William


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ogilvy, Alexander (d.1456)


text:
Page:VCH Buckinghamshire 1.djvu/21

 {|

and the late {{sc|Charles G. Barret, F.E.S.}} {{smallrefs}} {{c|xv}}
 * || |||PAGE
 * Dedication
 * v
 * The Advisory Council of the Victoria History
 * vii
 * General Advertisement
 * vii
 * The Buckinghamshire County Committee
 * xiii
 * Contents
 * xv
 * List of Illustrations
 * xvii
 * Table of Abbreviations
 * xix
 * Preface
 * xxiii
 * Natural History
 *  Geology
 * By {{sc|H. B. Woodward, F.R.S., F.G.S.
 * 1
 *  Palaeontology
 * By {{sc|R. Lydekker, F.R.S., F.G.S., F.L.S.}}
 * 25
 *  Botany
 * By {{sc|G. C. Druce}}, Hon. M.A. Oxon., F.L.S.
 * 27
 *  Zoology
 *   Molluscs
 * By {{sc|B. B. Woodward, F.G.S., F.R.M.S.}}
 * 69
 *   Insects
 * By the Rev. Canon {{sc|Fowler, M.A., F.L.S.}},
 * xxiii
 * Natural History
 *  Geology
 * By {{sc|H. B. Woodward, F.R.S., F.G.S.
 * 1
 *  Palaeontology
 * By {{sc|R. Lydekker, F.R.S., F.G.S., F.L.S.}}
 * 25
 *  Botany
 * By {{sc|G. C. Druce}}, Hon. M.A. Oxon., F.L.S.
 * 27
 *  Zoology
 *   Molluscs
 * By {{sc|B. B. Woodward, F.G.S., F.R.M.S.}}
 * 69
 *   Insects
 * By the Rev. Canon {{sc|Fowler, M.A., F.L.S.}},
 *  Zoology
 *   Molluscs
 * By {{sc|B. B. Woodward, F.G.S., F.R.M.S.}}
 * 69
 *   Insects
 * By the Rev. Canon {{sc|Fowler, M.A., F.L.S.}},
 * By {{sc|B. B. Woodward, F.G.S., F.R.M.S.}}
 * 69
 *   Insects
 * By the Rev. Canon {{sc|Fowler, M.A., F.L.S.}},
 * By the Rev. Canon {{sc|Fowler, M.A., F.L.S.}},
 * 71
 *   Spiders
 * By the late {{sc|F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, M.A.}}
 * 107
 *   Crustaceans
 * By the Rev. {{sc|T. R. R. Stebbing, M.A., F.R.S., F.Z.S}}
 * 110
 *   Fishes
 * By {{sc|C. H. Cook
 * 120
 *   Reptiles and Batrachians
 * By {{sc|A. E. Gibbs, F.L.S.
 * {{ts|ar}}|125
 *   Birds
 * By {{sc|Ernst Hartert}}, assisted by the Hon. {{sc|Walter Rothschild
 * {{ts|ar}}|128
 *   Mammals
 * By {{sc|A. Heneage Cocks, M.A., F.S.A.}}
 * {{ts|ar}}|153
 * Early Man
 * By {{sc|George Clinch, F.G.S.}}
 * {{ts|ar}}|177
 * Anglo-Saxon Remains
 * By {{sc|Reginald A. Smith, B.A., F.S.A.}}
 * {{ts|ar}}|195
 * Introduction to the Buckinghamshire Domesday
 * By {{sc|J. Horace Round, M.A., LL.D.}}
 * {{ts|ar}}|207
 * Text of the Buckinghamshire Domesday
 * By the Rev. {{sc|F. W. Ragg, M.A.}}
 * {{ts|ar}}|230
 * Ecclesiastical History
 * By the {{sc|Sister Elspeth}} of the Community of All Saints
 * {{ts|ar}}|279
 *  Religious Houses
 * " {{gap|4em}}" {{gap|4em}}" {{gap|4em}}" {{gap|4em}}"
 *   Introduction
 * {{ts|ar}}|346
 *   Priory of Luffield
 * {{ts|ar}}|347
 *   {{ditto|Priory}} {{ditto|of}} Bradwell
 * {{ts|ar}}|350
 *   {{ditto|Priory}} {{ditto|of}} Snelshall
 * {{ts|ar}}|352
 *   {{ditto|Priory}} {{ditto|of}} Ivinghoe
 * {{ts|ar}}|353
 *   {{ditto|Priory}} {{ditto|of}} Ankerwick
 * {{ts|ar}}|355
 *   {{ditto|Priory}} {{ditto|of}} Little Marlow
 * {{ts|ar}}|357
 *   {{ditto|Priory}} {{ditto|of}} Tickford or Newport Pagnel
 * {{ts|ar}}|3
 * }
 *   Priory of Luffield
 * {{ts|ar}}|347
 *   {{ditto|Priory}} {{ditto|of}} Bradwell
 * {{ts|ar}}|350
 *   {{ditto|Priory}} {{ditto|of}} Snelshall
 * {{ts|ar}}|352
 *   {{ditto|Priory}} {{ditto|of}} Ivinghoe
 * {{ts|ar}}|353
 *   {{ditto|Priory}} {{ditto|of}} Ankerwick
 * {{ts|ar}}|355
 *   {{ditto|Priory}} {{ditto|of}} Little Marlow
 * {{ts|ar}}|357
 *   {{ditto|Priory}} {{ditto|of}} Tickford or Newport Pagnel
 * {{ts|ar}}|3
 * }
 * {{ts|ar}}|353
 *   {{ditto|Priory}} {{ditto|of}} Ankerwick
 * {{ts|ar}}|355
 *   {{ditto|Priory}} {{ditto|of}} Little Marlow
 * {{ts|ar}}|357
 *   {{ditto|Priory}} {{ditto|of}} Tickford or Newport Pagnel
 * {{ts|ar}}|3
 * }
 * {{ts|ar}}|357
 *   {{ditto|Priory}} {{ditto|of}} Tickford or Newport Pagnel
 * {{ts|ar}}|3
 * }
 * {{ts|ar}}|3
 * }

title: Page:VCH Buckinghamshire 1.djvu/21


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ogilvy, Alexander (d.1727)


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900/Ogilvy, David


text:
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Rh

title: Page:VCH Buckinghamshire 1.djvu/22


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 cry of a 'Merry Christmas and a happy new year to all.'"

"NEWS OF THE DAY.

"As some of our female correspondents, including many ladies of the haut ton, having expressed a desire to learn the costume worn on state occasions by the grand hereditary Albeena of Cudgeecudgeena, the Lady Kinbella, we re-insert the following:— "Coiffure à la Centrale Australie; bust, au naturel; arms, bracelet pure ; neck, necklace a la Birmingham, the whole forming a very novel tout ensemble, and extremely adapted for hot weather."


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Several more literary efforts might be added, but perhaps the above will be sufficient.

18th. Two black fellows came into camp last night, one our own "Friday," (Milmilly), the other a stranger, who was ordered off the premises; ours remained and slept in camp, and we kept a strict watch over him during the night. Orders this morning for Wylde and Davis to go to the cart with water on two camels. Bell is cook to-day,


text:
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 the cook being left behind with Kirby and Ned to take care of the cart. We left for the cart at 8, Wylde to remain to strengthen the detachment. I return by myself with some things from the cart, Ned and Hodgkinson found the bullocks that had strayed this morning, and brought them into camp about 3·30 They will proceed to the cart this afternoon with the stick that it may be fitted; we shall wait here till it comes.

19th. Remained in camp all day. Cut "MK., Dec. 17th, 18th, 19th, 1861," on a tree under which we camped. A native dog came into camp last night, and tried to get at the sheep in the fold (for at every camp we have to build a brush fold), but was shot by our native "Frank." The natives in the encampment close by, already mentioned, took fright at the report, and cleared out sharp, and not one was to be heard a quarter of an hour after. With them Bullenjani—he was a useful fellow in his way; I don't suppose we shall see him again. One of them returned in the morning. Temperature during the afternoon, 145°—very hot; indeed, no air hardly. The cart arrived all right; the men worked all night at it by the light of a fire, and, consequently, came up some hours before they were expected—too late for a start, but to-morrow we shall be on the road again.

20th. Up very early, and left "Gunani" Creek


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 at 8 ; passed over some fearful country, the horses and camels up to their knees in the rotten flats, over which our course lay, the horses quite in a lather; the camels even sweated, the first time they ever did so during the journey; it was awful work for the bullocks; the cart, when we passed it, was up to the naves of the wheels in the rotten earth, and the bullocks up to their knees. I don't know when they will get into camp to-night.

One of the finest bullocks died from the heat of the sun to-day; he was very fat, and it is a pity we could not save any of the meat, as it would have helped out our sheep considerably; Mr. McKinlay did not know anything of it till the cart came in the evening, too late to send out.

On our journey to-day, after passing these rotten flats, we came to a small creek, where we spelled for a short time, and crossed this creek to a lake, where we camped on the north-east shore at about 1, where the water seemed deepest. Mr. Hodgkinson went out to try the depth, and found at some 300 yards from the shore 10½ feet. It is certainly the deepest lake we have yet come to. This lake I should say is permanent, and from its depth must be a great resort of the natives far and near in great droughts. The native name of it is "Goonaidranganni," but called after our worthy leader, "Lake McKinlay." Splendid bathing in this lake, the water being so


text:
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 deep enabled those who could swim to indulge in that healthy exercise.

Orders to-night for three of the party to go after the dead bullock and get his hide, it being so very useful for hobbles or ropes; and in the event of being very hard up for grub, what can be better than bullock's hide well boiled!

A good deal of thunder, with indications of rain; hope it may come and cool the air. Hot wind blowing to-day, and very disagreeable. McKinlay found Frank, the native, asleep on his watch last night, for which he got severely reprimanded. He became impudent and sulky. It would have served him right had the governor given him a good tanning for his insolence. He said he would go no further, so McKinlay discharged him, giving him an order on the Commissioner of Crown Lands for his money. He has gone back to Perigundi, where is a young female, rejoicing in the name "Kintullah" (Anglice, "shedog") with whom this fellow had fallen deeply in love, as he told us some time before at Lake Buchanan. He said that he should when he returned marry this Kintullah—a nice name for a man's wife. I expect that she is the chief cause of his leaving; so wishing him a happy honeymoon, if they have moons of that description here, we will leave him to his own devices. Only a few drops of rain after all our expectations.


text: Walton v. Willis (Pa. 1788)

title: Walton v. Willis (Pa. 1788)


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 21st. This morning three started off about 4 to skin the dead ox and bring in his hide; they returned at 8·30  The bullocks were left unhobbled last night, as they were very much distressed; consequently, they rambled away, and were not found till 11  We started about 1  This was a day indeed; the horses before they were packed were in a perfect lather, and the perspiration pouring off us like water; the camels also suffered much, the loading and saddling the beasts was quite a task from the intense heat. We were nearly done up before we started; in fact, it was a mercy none of us had a sun-stroke. We arrived after a start at 3, at Moolionboorrana, hot, tired, and nothing to eat, the cart, as usual, not having arrived. We had a great loss to-day, the thermometer got broken, so from this time we shall be unable to record the temperature.

Passed over flooded flats and sandhills, then made the bed of a dry lake, with splendid grass, looking very park-like and pretty. All the rest of the way was over low sandhills and flats. We arrived with the horses and camels about 3·30 Not a tree hardly to be seen at Lake Moolionboorrana, so we had to camp without the slightest shade; reflection from the water and sand very trying, the latter burning the feet as we walked. The cart and sheep not up to time. Wylde and Bell went in search of the missing party with a


text: Respublica v. Campbell

title: Respublica v. Campbell


text:
Page:Tracks of McKinlay and party across Australia.djvu/229

 pack-horse to bring some food, if the dray could not come on; it became so dark, however, they could not follow the tracks, and returned unsuccessful at 10 Innumerable pelicans, ducks, gulls, waders, cormorants, and pigeons, plenty of fish also. Small quantities of rain in the claypans. A little flour and water mixed, on the coals, and to bed.

22nd. We remained at this camp all day, awfully hot, no covering, the pegs of the tents having no hold in the sand, so we had to make a sort of an impromptu one with blankets, pack-bags, and camel saddles; water very brackish, and containing soda. Hodgkinson, Bell, and a native were off very early to see what had become of the cart. It appeared that it got turned over crossing a sand hill; sheep all right, and nothing the matter. The men with the sheep and cart had to be up all night to watch the natives, they being numerous, and moving about close by all the time. This lake is about three miles long by two wide. The bullocks very much jaded to-day from the last two days' work, and persist in remaining in the water, sometimes lying at full length in it; they are all off their feed.

23rd. We left this morning with no regret, and came to a creek about seven miles off. The water shocking, so bad that neither horses nor camels would touch it, quite bitter—the name of it


text: Ross v. Clarke

title: Ross v. Clarke


text:
Page:Tracks of McKinlay and party across Australia.djvu/230

 ; fortunately, we had a little in the canteens, or we should have felt the heat more. We, with the horses and camels, came up to Mr. McKinlay, who was waiting for us here. He started, after getting a drink of water, very much disappointed, as he intended to stop here to give the bullocks a short stage. We soon followed on his track to a second creek, "Watthie-gurkie," which fills Lake Abberangainie. This is quite dry, and the water in the creek salt and bad, so had to go on to Lake Cann-boog-o-nannie; passed two or three salt lakes on our way, also another quite dry, well timbered, with lots of feed. We arrived at this fine lake, Cann-boog-o-nannie, at about 4 ; splendid feed and water.

This is a fine lake, but not so deep by any means as Lake McKinlay. Pelican, ducks, and fish here. We shall spend Christmas-day here, so that the bullocks will have a rest; they will not arrive here till to-morrow, as they will not be able to travel this long stage (twenty-five miles) to-day, in this fearful heat, after the last two hard days' work. This lake is some nine or ten miles round, perhaps more. We passed through some of the best country for grazing to-day since we left Adelaide. The female camel gave us some trouble to-day; she did not seem to like the long day's march, and kept breaking her nose-string. We arrived here rather tired, but the cart, as usual, not


text: Hart v. James

title: Hart v. James


text: Starrett’s Case

title: Starrett’s Case


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 being up with the pots, kettles, and meat, we were obliged to sup off scons baked on the coals, and a pot of tea without sugar. The natives came round, as many were old friends who had also visited us at Lake Buchanan. They brought lots of women with them, and among them the only pretty face we have seen, and she is really very pretty, her features regular, and her figure faultless. They provided us with an ample supply of fish. Some of those who had been with us before baked some "adoo" for us, but we did not touch it, having seen the process of the manufacture, which certainly was anything but tempting. They grind it between two stones, then winnow it, put it into a wooden trough, and mix it thus—they don't pour water on it as we should, but take a mouthful at a time, and squirt over this flour, if it may bear that name, until they have kneaded it into a paste, which they make into thin cakes, and bake in the ashes, in fact an "adoo" damper. One of our men got some from one of the natives, and made it into a small cake; it had a strong astringent taste, and leaves a hot sensation in the throat. They also brought us water for cooking, wood, etc., and were highly delighted we had come. Not loss than 200 or 300 were round us at one time.

Mr. McKinlay has called this "Lake Jeannie,"


text: Respublica v. Sparhawk

title: Respublica v. Sparhawk


text:
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 after Miss Jane Pile, of Grawler. We called it Lake Christmas, and did not know that he had named it otherwise till we saw it in his journal in Adelaide. Cart only got as far as the last bitter water-hole we passed.

24th. Christmas-eve, We spelled to-day; many natives. Mr. McKinlay started Hodgkinson this morning to the cart with a pack-horse and two large canteens of water for the men, and to find a firmer place to cross the creek than where we did, as it was rather boggy. Any quantity of pelicans, showing that fish is plentiful; in fact, we saw the natives with large strings of fish going to their whirlies; they brought us plenty also. Cart arrived at 12·30 ; they found a little good water last night. Kirby with the sheep got astray to-day, but was found during the afternoon not far from the camp, but going quite past it, by Bell and Wylde. This part of the country is very fine; magnificent feed, indeed, all round about here.

The natives were kicking up a great disturbance in their camp last night, when the governor ordered a rocket to be sent up, when, as if by magic, the noise ceased, and was heard no more this night. What their ideas may be of fireworks I don't know; perhaps they think us some superior beings, making stars and coloured fires in the clouds. It is a pity that we can understand them so little; their ideas on different subjects would be


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 very original and amusing. We made a night of it—singing, throwing weights, etc.—but no grog, or perhaps we should not have gone to bed at all; first time I was ever without it—maybe it is all the better for us.

25th. Christmas-day: a sober and very quiet one it was, but we had a first-rate dinner off roast mutton and plum-pudding, and we made it as jolly as circumstances would allow; we had no cares or Christmas bills. This is, I suspect, the first English plum-pudding made and eaten on this lake, and I shall long remember this day. I have spent Christmas-day in many parts of the world, but this is the quietest I ever did see. I spent one coming down the Red Sea, and I thought that was bad enough, but I find there are worse places in the world to eat your Christmas dinner in than on board a fine Peninsular and Oriental steamer. It does not seem like Christmas, it is so hot, the wind quite a hot blast, and endless myriads of ants and flies teasing us to death—may we never spend another like it, say I. We roused the echoes a bit with songs, and many a cheer for absent friends and the girls we left behind us, drinking their healths in cold tea (if ever it did get cold), and so ended with us Christmas of 1861. Where shall we all be this time next year?

Any number of natives prowling about all round our camp; strict watch kept all night.


text: Kunckle v. Kunckle

title: Kunckle v. Kunckle


text: Gorgerat v. McCarty

title: Gorgerat v. McCarty


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 26th. This morning broke fine and clear. Mr. McKinlay deposited documents under a tree, against which our tent was pitched—the tree being marked —

Started about 8 Going to the north end of lake. We, with the camels, took a short cut, and came on to the cart crossing a creek. McKinlay had gone in a straight course for another lake, and we followed on his tracks, and came up to the cart in a very short time. The horses were long after us. Had they followed us they would have been all right. There are lots of natives on and about this creek; its name, "Appam-barra." Got here about 11 Plenty of water in the creek, which abounds with fish. We camped on a small tributary of this creek. Feed not very good. Any quantity of crawfish here also.

Country looks very hard and bare; no vegetation to speak of, great numbers of salt, polygonum, samphire, and other kinds of bushes. The natives are a fine, healthy race of men, the women as usual rather small and insipid-looking; they always accompany the men when they visit us. Mr. McKinlay distributed a quantity of necklaces and bracelets to them all. They are as


text: Waters v. Millar

title: Waters v. Millar


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 friendly as any one could wish, doing almost anything that is required of them. Their bringing up their lubras is a sign of faith and good will to the "white fellow." They all smell awfully of fish, living as they do principally on the scaly denizens of the lakes about here; you can positively scent them some distance from you.

27th. On sending for the horses this morning up the creek, it was found they had vanished, showing by their tracks that they had gone in the direction of our last camp, on Lake Cann-boog-o-nannie, so some of us had to go after them on two or three that had not wandered. We found them right on the lake. They seem to like the feed there better than on the creek. We did not get back till 4·30, so were obliged to remain here all night. McKinlay set us to work to clear the polygonum bushes on the side of the creek, to prevent a surprise. It was terribly hot work, but he likes to see the men usefully employed, and quite right too. Had he not found work for us at the different camps we remained at, some would certainly have had the blue-devils. Nothing like employment; at any rate, it keeps the men out of mischief. Something must have frightened the horses, as many of the hobbles were broken; consequently we lost the chains attached to them, which is a serious matter.

From the number of natives here, there will


text:
Page:VCH Buckinghamshire 1.djvu/335

Rh In [Boveney] Girard holds of Gilo 3 hides. There is land for 2½ ploughs. Half a plough is there and there could be 2 ploughs (more). Meadow is there (sufficient) for 2 plough (teams), woodland (to feed) 60 swine. It is and was worth 2O shillings ; T.R.E. 60 shillings. This manor Siward, a man of Earl Harold, held and could sell.

Alvered of Tame [Thame ] holds of Gilo 1 hide and 3 virgates. There is land for 2 ploughs, and these are there with 2 villeins and 1 serf. There is meadow (sufficient) for 2 plough (teams). It is worth 30 shillings; when received 10 shillings ; T.R.E. 40 shillings. This manor Seulf, a man of Earl Ralf, held and could sell.

M. Queen Matilda held (ten') MERLAUE [Marlow]. It is assessed at 15 hides. There is land for 26 ploughs. In the demesne are 5 hides, and on it are 2 ploughs; and 35 villeins with 23 bordars have 24 ploughs. There is 1 serf, and 1 mill worth (de) 2O shillings, meadow (sufficient) for 26 plough (teams), woodland (to feed) 1,000 swine, and from I fishery (come) 1,000 eels. In all (totis valentiis) it is worth 25 pounds ; when received 10 pounds ; and as much T.R.E. This manor Earl Algar held.

M. The queen herself held (ten') [Hambleden]. It is assessed at 20 hides. There is land for 30 ploughs. In the de- mesne are 5 (hides), and on it are 3 ploughs ; and 50 villeins with 9 bordars have 27 ploughs. There are 9 serfs, and 1 mill worth (de) 20 shillings, and from a fishery (come) 1,000 eels ; meadow is there (sufficient) for 8 plough (teams), woodland (to feed) 700 swine. In all (In totis redditionibus) it pays yearly 35 pounds ; and by tale when the queen was living (it paid) 15 pounds ; T.R.E. 1 6 pounds. This manor Earl Algar held.

The Countess Judith holds in [Hollingdon] 1 hide and 3½ virgates. Torchil holds of her. There is land for 2 ploughs. On the demesne is 1 ; and 1 villein with 3 bordars have 1 plough. It is and was worth 2O shillings ; T.R.E. 30 shillings. The same man held it T.R.E. and could sell (it).

In [Weston (Underwood)] Anschitil holds of the Countess Judith 3 virgates. There is land for half a plough, and it is there. Meadow is there (sufficient) for 4 oxen ; woodland (to feed) 20 swine. It is and was worth 10 shillings ; T.R.E. 20 shil- lings. This land Ulvric a man of Earl Wallef held and could sell.

In [Lavendon] Roger holds of the countess 2 hides and 1 virgate and the fourth part of 1 virgate. There is land for 2 ploughs. On the demesne is 1 ; and 3 villeins with 2 bordars have 1 plough. Meadow is there (sufficient) for 2 plough (teams), wood- land (to feed) 30 swine. It is worth 30 shil- lings ; when received 10 shillings; T.R.E. 40 shillings. This manor Humman a man of Alii held and could sell.

In the same vill Gilbert de Blossevile holds of the countess 2 hides and 1 virgate. There is land for 3 ploughs but they are not there, and only 4 bordars (sed nan sunt ibi nisi iiii bordarii). Meadow is there (sufficient) for 3 plough (teams), woodland (to feed) 20 swine. It is and was worth T.R.E. and after (valuit semper) 20 shillings. This manor Alii, a housecarl of King Edward, held and could sell.

In the same vill Ralf holds of the countess 1 hide. There is land for 1 ploughs. There are 1 villein and 3 bordars, meadow (sufficient) for 1 plough (teams) and woodland (to feed) 15 swine. It is and was worth 10 shillings ; T.R.E. 2O shillings. This manor Turbert, a man of the Countess Goda, held and could sell. I

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 be a strict watch kept. There was a slight row in the evening, so McKinlay, Bell, and Davis started off. McKinlay fired his revolver, but no natives could we see, so returned to camp, and went to bed with our arms by our sides. We lost a ewe in lamb in the scrub: how she got away is a mystery to us all.

28th. Left the camp about 9 There was not a breath of wind to stir a leaf, consequently very hot. After a short journey of about five miles struck a most magnificent lake, which Mr. McKinlay has named after Mr. Hodgkinson; in fact it may be called two lakes, as there are two fine sheets of water joined by a narrow strait. We shall remain here a few days, I expect, as Mr. McKinlay is going to look for some more lakes, said to be east and south of our present camp.

More necklaces for the natives, who were highly delighted with their presents; they are all a fine, sleek, fat-looking race: they must live principally on fish, in fact there seems little else for them to eat, unless they can catch the gulls and ducks sailing about the broad and beautiful lake, or bring down some of the pigeons and cockatoos of all kinds that abound here. Occasionally a black may be seen with a solitary bird, but not often.

This is a fearful camp, sand everywhere, gets into all your things, and every mouthful you take


text: Gibbs v. Gibbs

title: Gibbs v. Gibbs