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the Letter I have confined myself to authority to prove the right interpretation of Lev. xviii. 18; but it may be well here to add briefly the reasons why the marginal translation must be rejected as incorrect, and the version in the text of our Authorized Bible received as the only correct translation of the Hebrew words.

I. The translation, "Neither shalt thou take one wife to another," is contrary to the usage of the Hebrew language. When the words, "a woman to her sister," or in the masculine form, "a man to his brother," are used idiomatically to signify "one to another," they always have a plural antecedent of the things or persons spoken of. Here is no such antecedent; consequently, here they cannot be so translated.Professor Robinson gives this reason at length, in these words:—"The phrase, 'a woman to her sister,' does indeed occur no less than eight times elsewhere in the Hebrew Bible, in the general meaning, 'one to another,' but only of inanimate objects in the feminine gender—viz., of the curtains, loops, and tenons of the tabernacle.—Exod. xxvi. 3, bis, 5, 6, 17; and of the wings of the living creatures, Ezek. i. 9, 23; iii. 13. The like phrase, 'a man to his brother,' occurs in all about twenty times; mostly of men, but also in a few instances of inanimate objects or insects, as Exod. xxv. 20; Joel ii. 8. But it is to be remarked, that in every such instance, this phrase, whether masculine or feminine, has a reciprocal distributive power—that is, a number of persons or things are said to do, or be so, one to another. A plural nominative invariably precedes, connected with a plural verb; and then the action or relation of this verb is by this phrase marked as reciprocal and mutual among the individuals comprised in the plural nominative. Thus: 'The children of Israel said one to another.' Exod. xiv. 15, and often. So Abraham and Lot 'separated themselves one from the other.' Gen. xiii. 11; Neh. iv. 19; Isa. ix. 19. In the Hebrew: 'They shall not spare one another.' Hag. ii. 22: 'And the horses and their riders shall come down, each by the sword of the other'—i.e., they shall destroy one another. So of the other examples. The only apparent exception as to form is Ezek. xxxviii. 21, 'Every man's sword shall be against his brother;' but here, too, the idea of multitude and of reciprocal and mutual action among the individuals is fully preserved. This, then, is the idiom; and to this idiom the passage in Lev. xviii. 18 has no relation. There is nothing distributive nor reciprocal implied in it. The phrase here refers only to the object of the verb; upon which object no


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what occurred at the election of Proctors for the Archdeaconry of London, you will not be surprised to learn that I have been led to reconsider the opinion then expressed respecting the lawfulness of marriage with a deceased wife's sister. Until then I had been satisfied with the knowledge that our Authorized Version of Leviticus xviii. 18 was correct, and that the marginal translation was inconsistent with Hebrew idiom and the context. But the strong feeling manifested by some of the clergy on that occasion has compelled me to look more seriously and attentively into the matter, and to you, as my interrogator, I now address the results of my inquiry.

On some points, I think, we agree; as, for instance, that the final appeal in questions relating to marriage must be to the Word of God. "What saith the Scripture?" must be the question uppermost in the minds of Christian men. I rejoice, therefore, to see that recent writers against the proposed change in the marriage-law take their stand upon Scripture. One learned and respected author says:—"I begin by asserting that Leviticus xviii. contains an enunciation of precepts of the moral law, not merely of precepts to the Jewish nation. . . . . Until near the end of the fifteenth century,

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Rh person. This was accomplished by Captain Bright at a good deal of risk. General Barton informed him he had been entirely misinformed as to the strength of the place, and that he pronounced the work as too strong to attack, and that he had made no advance and did not intend to, and that he had sent out twice his cavalry to cut the railroad and they returned without accomplishing it.

Captain Bright then, by my direction, ordered him to join me. General Barton said he would try to cross at Pollocksville, but would be unable to cross that night (the 2d), and expressed some doubt as to whether he could cross at all at that point; should he fail there, he would be compelled to go much higher up the river. Thus the earliest possible moment at which he could have joined me, would have been on the evening of the 3d instant. I could not thus have attacked before the 4th instant. General Barton afterwards informed me, verbally, that he could, positively, have done nothing on his side of the river.

General Barton had orders from me, in case he found it impracticable to perform his part of the work, which was the most important, to at once cross to me, and let me try a "coup de main." I could, however, hear nothing from him for some time, and when I did, it was the unsatisfactory note I have alluded to.

On the night of the 1st instant, Commander Wood gallantly attacked and took the six-gun steamer "Underwriter," but was compelled to burn her, thus losing us her invaluable services. The enemy having had ample time to reinforce, both by water and railroad, the trains running in constantly, night and day, from Morehead City, and in fact, the whole plan by which the place was to be reduced having failed, I deemed it prudent, after consulting with my officers, to withdraw, which we did at our leisure.

The result may be summed up as follows, viz: Killed and wounded, about one hundred; captured thirteen officers, two hundred and eighty-four privates, fourteen negroes, two rifle pieces and caissons, three hundred stand of small arms, four ambulances, three wagons, one hundred and three animals, a quantity of clothing and garrison equipage, and two flags.

Commander Wood, Confederate States Navy, captured and destroyed United States gunboat "Underwriter." Our loss about forty-five killed and wounded. A correct list will be forwarded.

I found the ground in my front swept by half a dozen forts, one of them mounting seven rifle guns, with which they fired at pleasure over and into our line of battle. Had I have had the whole force in hand,


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RCHIE inserted a fresh cigarette in his long holder and began to smoke a little moodily. It was about a week after his disturbing adventures in J. B. Wheeler's studio, and life had ceased for the moment to be a thing of careless enjoyment. Mr. Wheeler, mourning over his lost home-brew and refusing, like Niobe, to be comforted, has suspended the sittings for the magazine cover, thus robbing Archie of his life-work. Mr. Brewster had not been, in genial mood of late. And, in addition to all this, Lucille was away on a visit to a school-friend. And when Lucille went away, she took with her the sunshine. Archie was not surprised at her being popular and in demand among her friends, but that did not help him to become reconciled to her absence.

He gazed rather wistfully across the table at his friend, Roscoe Sherriff, the Press-agent, another of his Pen-and-Ink Club acquaintances. They had just finished lunch, and during the meal Sherriff, who, like most men of action, was fond of hearing the sound of his own voice and liked exercising it on the subject of himself, had been telling Archie a few anecdotes about his professional past. From these the latter had conceived a picture of Roscoe Sherriff's life as a prismatic thing of energy and adventure and well-paid withal—just the sort of life, in fact,

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56 which he would have enjoyed leading himself. He wished that he, too, like the Press-agent, could go about the place "slipping things over" and "putting things across." Daniel Brewster, he felt, would have beamed upon a son-in-law like Roscoe Sherriff.

"The more I see of America," sighed Archie, "the more it amazes me. All you birds seem to have been doing things from the cradle upwards. I wish I could do things!"

"Well, why don't you?"

Archie flicked the ash from his cigarette into the fingerbowl.

"Oh, I don't know, you know," he said. "Somehow, none of our family ever have. I don't know why it is, but whenever a Moffam starts out to do things he infallibly makes a bloomer. There was a Moffam in the Middle Ages who had a sudden spasm of energy and set out to make a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, dressed as a wandering friar. Rum ideas they had in those days."

"Did he get there?"

"Absolutely not! Just as he was leaving the front door his favourite hound mistook him for a tramp—or a varlet, or a scurvy knave, or whatever they used to call them at that time—and bit him in the fleshy part of the leg."

"Well, at least he started."

"Enough to make a chappie start, what?"

Roscoe Sherriff sipped his coffee thoughtfully. He was an apostle of Energy, and it seemed to him that he could make a convert of Archie and incidentally do himself a bit of good. For several days he had been looking for someone like Archie to help him in a small matter which he had in mind.

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Rh "If you're really keen on doing things," he said, "there's something you can do for me right away."

Archie beamed. Action was what his soul demanded.

"Anything, dear boy, anything! State your case!"

"Would you have any objection to putting up a snake for me?"

"Putting up a snake?"

"Just for a day or two."

"But how do you mean, old soul? Put him up where?"

"Wherever you live. Where do you live? The Cosmopolis, isn't it? Of course! You married old Brewster's daughter. I remember reading about it."

"But, I say, laddie, I don't want to spoil your day and disappoint you and so forth, but my jolly old father-in-law would never let me keep a snake. Why, it's as much as I can do to make him let me stop on in the place."

"He wouldn't know."

"There's not much that goes on in the hotel that he doesn't know," said Archie, doubtfully.

"He mustn't know. The whole point of the thing is that it must be a dead secret."

Archie flicked some more ash into the finger-bowl.

"I don't seem absolutely to have grasped the affair in all its aspects, if you know what I mean," he said. "I mean to say—in the first place—why would it brighten your young existence if I entertained this snake of yours?"

"It's not mine. It belongs to Mme. Brudowska. You've heard of her, of course?"

"Oh yes. She's some sort of performing snake female in vaudeville or something, isn't she, or something of that species or order?"

"You're near it, but not quite right. She is the

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58 exponent of high-brow tragedy on any stage in the civilized world."

"Absolutely! I remember now. My wife lugged me to see her perform one night. It all comes back to me. She had me wedged in an orchestra-stall before I knew what I was up against, and then it was too late. I remember reading in some journal or other that she had a pet snake, given her by some Russian prince or other, what?"

"That," said Sherriff, "was the impression I intended to convey when I sent the story to the papers. I'm her Press-agent. As a matter of fact, I bought Peter—its name's Peter—myself down on the East Side. I always believe in animals for Press-agent stunts. I've nearly always had good results. But with Her Nibs I'm handicapped. Shackled, so to speak. You might almost say my genius is stifled. Or strangled, if you prefer it."

"Anything you say," agreed Archie, courteously, "But how? Why is your what-d'you-call-it what's-its-named?"

"She keeps me on a leash. She won't let me do anything with a kick in it. If I've suggested one rip-snorting stunt, I've suggested twenty, and every time she turns them down on the ground that that sort of thing is beneath the dignity of an artist in her position. It doesn't give a fellow a chance. So now I've made up my mind to do her good by stealth. I'm going to steal her snake."

"Steal it? Pinch it, as it were?"

"Yes. Big story for the papers, you see. She's grown very much attached to Peter. He's her mascot. I believe she's practically kidded herself into believing that Russian prince story. If I can sneak it away and keep it away for a day or two, she'll do the rest. She'll make such a fuss that the papers will be full of it."

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Rh "I see."

"Now, any ordinary woman would work in with me. But not Her Nibs. She would call it cheap and degrading and a lot of other things. It's got to be a genuine steal, and, if I'm caught at it, I lose my job. So that's where you come in."

"But where am I to keep the jolly old reptile?"

"Oh, anywhere. Punch a few holes in a hat-box, and make it up a shake-down inside. It'll be company for you."

"Something in that. My wife's away just now and it's a bit lonely in the evenings."

"You'll never be lonely with Peter around. He's a great scout. Always merry and bright."

"He doesn't bite, I suppose, or sting or what-not?"

"He may what-not occasionally. It depends on the weather. But, outside of that, he's as harmless as a canary."

"Dashed dangerous things, canaries," said Archie, thoughtfully. "They peck at you."

"Don't weaken!" pleaded the Press-agent.

"Oh, all right. I'll take him. By the way, touching the matter of browsing and sluicing. What do I feed him on?"

"Oh, anything. Bread-and-milk or fruit or soft-boiled egg or dog-biscuit or ants'-eggs. You know—anything you have yourself. Well, I'm much obliged for your hospitality. I'll do the same for you another time. Now I must be getting along to see to the practical end of the thing. By the way. Her Nibs lives at the Cosmopolis, too. Very convenient. Well, so long. See you later."

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 Archie, left alone, began for the first time to have serious doubts. He had allowed himself to be swayed by Mr. Sherriff's magnetic personality, but now that the other had removed himself he began to wonder if he had been entirely wise to lend his sympathy and co-operation to the scheme. He had never had intimate dealings with a snake before, but he had kept silkworms as a child, and there had been the deuce of a lot of fuss and unpleasantness over them. Getting into the salad and what-not. Something seemed to tell him that he was asking for trouble with a loud voice, but he had given his word and he supposed he would have to go through with it.

He lit another cigarette and wandered out into Fifth Avenue. His usually smooth brow was ruffled with care. Despite the eulogies which Sherriff had uttered concerning Peter, he found his doubts increasing. Peter might, as the Press-agent had stated, be a great scout, but was his little Garden of Eden on the fifth floor of the Cosmopolis Hotel likely to be improved by the advent of even the most amiable and winsome of serpents? However

"Moffam! My dear fellow!"

The voice, speaking suddenly in his ear from behind, roused Archie from his reflections. Indeed, it roused him so effectually that he jumped a clear inch off the ground and bit his tongue. Revolving on his axis, he found himself confronting a middle-aged man with a face like a horse. The man was dressed in something of an old-world style. His clothes had an English cut. He had a drooping grey moustache. He also wore a grey bowler hat flattened at the crown—but who are we to judge him?

"Archie Moffam! I have been trying to find you all the morning."

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 Archie had placed him now. He had not seen General Mannister for several years—not, indeed, since the days when he used to meet him at the home of young Lord Seacliff, his nephew. Archie had been at Eton and Oxford with Seacliff, and had often visited him in the Long Vacation.

"Halloa, General! What ho, what ho! What on earth are you doing over here?"

"Let's get out of this crush, my boy." General Mannister steered Archie into a side-street. "That's better." He cleared his throat once or twice, as if embarrassed. "I've brought Seacliff over," he said, finally.

"Dear old Squiffy here? Oh, I say! Great work!"

General Mannister did not seem to share his enthusiasm. He looked like a horse with a secret sorrow. He coughed three times, like a horse who, in addition to a secret sorrow, had contracted asthma.

"You will find Seacliff changed," he said. "Let me see, how long is it since you and he met?"

Archie reflected.

"I was demobbed just about a year ago. I saw him in Paris about a year before that. The old egg got a bit of shrapnel in his foot or something, didn't he? Anyhow, I remember he was sent home."

"His foot is perfectly well again now. But, unfortunately, the enforced inaction led to disastrous results. You recollect, no doubt, that Seacliff always had a—a tendency—a—a weakness—it was a family failing"

"Mopping it up, do you mean? Shifting it? Looking on the jolly old stuff when it was red and what-not, what?"

"Exactly."

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62 Archie nodded.

"Dear old Squiffy was always rather a lad for the wassail-bowl. When I met him in Paris, I remember he was quite tolerably blotto."

"Precisely. And the failing has, I regret to say, grown on him since he returned from the war. My poor sister was extremely worried. In fact, to cut a long story short, I induced him to accompany me to America. I am attached to the British Legation in Washington now, you know."

"Oh, really?"

"I wished Seacliff to come with me to Washington, but he insists on remaining in New York. He stated specifically that the thought of living in Washington gave him the—what was the expression he used?"

"The pip?"

"The pip. Precisely."

"But what was the idea of bringing him to America?"

"This admirable Prohibition enactment has rendered America—to my mind—the ideal place for a young man of his views." The General looked at his watch. "It is most fortunate that I happened to run into you, my dear fellow. My train for Washington leaves in another hour, and I have packing to do. I want to leave poor Seacliff in your charge while I am gone."

"Oh, I say! What!"

"You can look after him. I am credibly informed that even now there are places in New York where a determined young man may obtain the—er—stuff, and I should be infinitely obliged—and my poor sister would be infinitely grateful—if you would keep an eye on him." He hailed a taxi-cab. "I am sending Seacliff round to the

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Rh Cosmopolis to-night. I am sure you will do everything you can. Good-bye, my boy, good-bye."

Archie continued his walk. This, he felt, was beginning to be a bit thick. He smiled a bitter, mirthless smile as he recalled the fact that less than half an hour had elapsed since he had expressed a regret that he did not belong to the ranks of those who do things. Fate since then had certainly supplied him with jobs with a lavish hand. By bed-time he would be an active accomplice to a theft, valet and companion to a snake he had never met, and—as far as could gather the scope of his duties—a combination of nursemaid and private detective to dear old Squiffy.

It was past four o'clock when he returned to the Cosmopolis. Roscoe Sherriff was pacing the lobby of the hotel nervously, carrying a small hand-bag.

"Here you are at last! Good heavens, man, I've been waiting two hours."

"Sorry, old bean. I was musing a bit and lost track of the time."

The Press-agent looked cautiously round. There was nobody within earshot.

"Here he is!" he said.

"Who?"

"Peter."

"Where?" said Archie, staring blankly.

"In this bag. Did you expect to find him strolling arm-in-arm with me round the lobby? Here you are! Take him!"

He was gone. And Archie, holding the bag, made his way to the lift The bag squirmed gently in his grip.

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64 woman of foreign appearance, dressed in a way that made Archie feel that she must be somebody or she couldn't look like that. Her face, too, seemed vaguely familiar. She entered the lift at the second floor where the tea-room is, and she had the contented expression of one who had tea'd to her satisfaction. She got off at the same floor as Archie, and walked swiftly, in a lithe, pantherish way, round the bend in the corridor. Archie followed more slowly. When he reached the door of his room, the passage was empty. He inserted the key in his door, turned it, pushed the door open, and pocketed the key. He was about to enter when the bag again squirmed gently in his grip.

From the days of Pandora, through the epoch of Bluebeard's wife, down to the present time, one of the chief failings of humanity has been the disposition to open things that were better closed. It would have been simple for Archie to have taken another step and put a door between himself and the world, but there came to him the irresistible desire to peep into the bag now—not three seconds later, but now. All the way up in the lift he had been battling with the temptation, and now he succumbed.

The bag was one of those simple bags with a thingummy which you press. Archie pressed it. And, as it opened, out popped the head of Peter. His eyes met Archie's. Over his head there seemed to be an invisible mark of interrogation. His gaze was curious, but kindly. He appeared to be saying to himself, "Have I found a friend?"

Serpents, or Snakes, says the Encyclopædia, are reptiles of the saurian class Ophidia, characterised by an elongated, cylindrical, limbless, scaly form, and distinguished from lizards by the fact that the halves (rami) of

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Rh the lower jaw are not solidly united at the chin, but movably connected by an elastic ligament. The vertebræ are very numerous, gastrocentrous, and procœlous. And, of course, when they put it like that, you can see at once that a man might spend hours with combined entertainment and profit just looking at a snake.

Archie would no doubt have done this; but long before he had time really to inspect the halves (rami) of his new friend's lower jaw and to admire its elastic fittings, and long before the gastrocentrous and procœlous character of the other's vertebræ had made any real impression on him, a piercing scream almost at his elbow startled him out of his scientific reverie. A door opposite had opened, and the woman of the elevator was standing staring at him with an expression of horror and fury that went through him like a knife. It was the expression which, more than anything else, had made Mme. Brudowska what she was professionally. Combined with a deep voice and a sinuous walk, it enabled her to draw down a matter of a thousand dollars per week.

Indeed, though the fact gave him little pleasure, Archie, as a matter of fact, was at this moment getting about—including war-tax—two dollars and seventy-five cents worth of the great emotional star for nothing. For, having treated him gratis to the look of horror and fury, she now moved towards him with the sinuous walk and spoke in the tone which she seldom permitted herself to use before the curtain of act two, unless there was a whale of a situation that called for it in act one.

"Thief!"

It was the way she said it.

Archie staggered backwards as though he had been hit

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66 between the eyes, fell through the open door of his room, kicked it to with a flying foot, and collapsed on the bed. Peter, the snake, who had fallen on the floor with a squashy sound, looked surprised and pained for a moment; then, being a philosopher at heart, cheered up and began hunting for flies under the bureau.

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 world, there is yet danger, lest that light itself should be obscured. Yet the remedy for this, under blessing, is not to be sought in rescuing or concentrating some scattered rays of that Church, while the Church itself is abandoned to the world. The Ordinances of the Church itself afford the means of its own restoration. Not to speak of those ulterior and fearful powers, committed to it, (and which other communions exercise,) of ejecting from its bosom "the wicked person," the observance of its own other institutions would virtually eject them. Not indeed at once, (as indeed Himself has thought fit to allow even His own Blessed Spirit but gradually to leaven our corrupted mass,) not at once, for at present, long continuance in opposed habits would prevent many from receiving the Ordinances of the Church, but yet, one should trust, steadily and increasingly; the mists which now encircle the Church, would disperse, and its glorious elevation on Zion's hill would more effectually be seen. Those, whom the easy Service of the Lord's Day repels not, who would fain serve on the seventh day, and Mammon on the remaining six, would be brought to some test of what spirit they were; and if the Church, like Him, who is its Head, and because joined to that Head, becomes a stone of stumbling, if some shall more openly fall back unto perdition, still it will have performed its office; many, one may be sure, (for our assurance rests on  Word,) would also be awakened from their lethargy of death; and if it be to some a savor of death, it will, by  mercy, be to many more a savor of life, unto life. Yet the result of any system, built upon Word, belongs not to us. Were the consequences of more Apostolic practice a great apparent defection and desolation, we dare not hesitate. "It must be made manifest that they are not all of us." Meanwhile a beacon will be held out to those, who would wish to see their path: the plea, that every shew of religion, which the world tolerates not, is the mere excess and badge of a party, could no longer be held; those, who shrink from what might seem a voluntary or ostentatious forwardness, would no longer be deterred from uniting in observances, which, if authorized, they would love; and there might again be no separation but between those who serve and those who serve Him not. The world has seen that its own principles are leading to its own destruction; it acknowledges that its increased laxity has fearfully increased


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 its corruption; offences, which even it abhors, are multiplied; vices, which disturb even its peace, stalk more openly; yet while it reaps the bitter fruits of its own ways, it dares not strike the root.

The Fasts, appointed by our Church, appear eminently calculated, not in truth as a panacea of all evil, but as one decided protest against the "corruption which is in the world by lust,: as one testimony to the conviction of men of the reality of things eternal.

Men may "fast for strife and to smite with the fist of wickedness," as they may also "for pretence make long prayers;" yet will not men, in general, submit to inconvenience and privation, except for a real and substantial object; the world has easier paths for its followers: he, who suffers hardship for an unseen reward, at least gives evidence to the world of the sincerity and rootedness of his own conviction; he attests that he is a pilgrim journeying to a better country, and however men may for a while neglect his testimony, it cannot be silenced.

Such are some of the advantages, which a recurrence to the system of our Church in respect of Fasting might, in dependance upon blessing, tend to realize: a more uniform, namely, and regular observance of an injunction of our Blessed ; a deeper humiliation, and a more chastened spirit in carrying on His will; a more thorough insight into ourselves, and a closer communion with our ; a more resolute and consistent practice of self-denying charity; a more lively realizing of things spiritual; a warning to the world of  truth and its own peril. I have spoken with reference to prevailing habits and general character only, partly because they are these habits which the regulations of a Church must mainly contemplate; in part also, because, in whatever degree, they will probably form a portion of our own. The evil or defective character of any period is not formed by, nor will it exist in, those only who are evil; it encompasses us, is within us; we also contribute in our degree to foster and promote it; nay, it is from us probably that it receives its main countenance and support. Our own standard is insensibly lowered by the evil, with which we are environed. A self-indulgent age is not a favourable atmosphere for the growth


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 of self-denial; nor an age of busy and self-dependant activity for that of a calm and abiding practical recognition, that every thing is in hands; nor a period absorbed in the things of sense for thoughtful meditation on things eternal. The predominant evils will indeed appear in the Christian in a subdued form; yet whether the temptation be to an unconscious compliance with them, or unwittingly to oppose evil with evil, the danger lies nearer here than in any other part of duty. And if the salt in any wise lose its savour, wherewith shall the self-corrupting world be preserved? wherewith the salt itself be salted?

The benefits above named are such as depend on the encreased degree of Fasting, exercised in compliance with the directions of the Church, independantly of the consideration of the days or seasons selected for that purpose. The results to be anticipated from a more general adherence to these rules appear, however, to be heightened by that selection. The general objects of the Church were, 1. to impress upon the mind and life the memory of her sufferings; 2. to prepare the mind for different solemn occasions, which recur in her yearly service. The first, or the Friday Fast, as above stated, was universally adopted in the early Church, and in all probability was coeval with the Apostles; it was continued uninterruptedly, alike in the Eastern and the "Western Church, and preserved in our own, through the respect which she bore to primitive antiquity, and the experience of the elder Church. It was perhaps at the first adopted, as the natural expression of sorrow for the loss of their and for His bitter sufferings. With this would soon connect itself, almost to the exclusion of the former, sorrow for the sins, which caused those sufferings. "We do not fast," says Chrysostom, "for the Passion or the Cross, but for our sins;—the Passion is not the occasion of fasting or mourning, but of joy and exultation.—We mourn not for that,  forbid, but for our sins, and therefore we fast." As then the Lord's day was the weekly festival of their  resurrection, a weekly memorial of our rising again, in Him and through Him, to a new and real life; so was the Friday's fast a


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 weekly memorial of the death to sin, which all Christians had in their died, and which, if they would live with Him, they must continually die. Thus each revolving week was a sort of representation of that great week, in which man's redemption was completed; the Church never lost sight of her sufferings; each week was hallowed by a return of the "good Friday." One need scarcely insist upon the tendency of such a system deeply to impress on men's hearts the doctrine of the Atonement, by thus incorporating it into their ordinary lives, and making them by their actions confess this truth. In the early Church its efficacy was probably increased by the accession of the Fast of the Wednesday, or fourth day of the week; so that no portion of the week was without some memorial of the Saviour of the Church. There is however another object, which, although not originally contemplated, was in fact attained by this institution, the holier celebration, namely, of our most solemn day, that of our death. Most Christians, probably, who have endeavoured to realize to themselves the events of that day, have been painfully disappointed in so doing; instead of it has been to them an oppressive day; its tremendous truths overwhelmed rather than consoled; it was so unlike all other days, that the mind was confounded by its very greatness; it seemed unnatural to do any thing, which one would do even on any other holy day, and the heart was equally unsatisfied with what it did or did not do. Something of this kind has taken place in very many minds; and the reason probably was, that the solemnity of that day was too insulated; that, (if one may use the expression,)


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 it was out of keeping with the religious habits of the rest of the year. This then the weekly Fast and solemn recollection recommended by the Church are calculated to remedy; as indeed, had they been observed, these feelings would never have found place. In whatever degree its advice is adhered to, Good Friday becomes a day of more chastened, and yet, probably, of intenser feeling; it is connected with a train of the like emotions, affections, and resolves; insulated no longer, but the holiest only among the holy. "Neither in moral or religious, more than in physical and civil matters," says a very acute observer of human nature, "do people willingly do any thing suddenly or upon the instant; they need a succession of the like actions, whereby a habit may be formed; the things which they are to love, or to perform, they cannot conceive as insulated and detached: whatever we are to repeat with satisfaction, must not have become foreign to us." Goethe aus meinem Leben, tom. ii. p. 179. The author is there lamenting "the nakedness which, Jeremy Taylor says, the excellent men of our sister Churches complained to be among themselves," and which our own happily avoided. In the contrast there drawn, it is not a little remarkable to see, that the doctrine of Apostolical Succession which has of late been by some regarded as cold and unpractical, is put forward as that which gives to the Romish Sacraments a warmth, which the Lutheran Church does not possess. He sums up thus; "All these spiritual miracles spring not, like other fruits, from the natural soil; there can they neither be sown, nor planted, nor nurtured. One must obtain them by prayer from another country; and this cannot every one do, nor at all times. Here then we are met by the highest of these symbols derived from an old venerable tradition. We hear that one man can be favoured, blessed, consecrated from above more than others. Yet, in order that this may appear no mere natural gift, this high favour, united as it is with a weight of duty, must be transmitted from one commissioned individual to another; and the greatest good which man can attain, and yet cannot possess himself of by any exertions or power of his own, must be preserved and perpetuated upon earth by a spiritual inheritance. Nay, in the consecration of the Priest, every thing is united, which is necessary for effectually joining in those other holy ordinances, whereby the mass of Believers is benefitted, without their having any other active share therein, than that of Faith and unconditional confidence. And thus the Priest is enrolled in the succession of those who have preceded or shall come after him, and in the circle of those anointed to the same office, to represent Him, from whom all blessings flow; and that the more gloriously, because it is not Himself whom we respect, but His office; it is not before His bidding that we bow the knee, but before the benediction which he imparts, and which seems the more sacred, the more immediately derived from Heaven, because the earthly instrument cannot, by any sinfulness or viciousness of his own, weaken it, or render it powerless." The author manifestly speaks of the value of the Sacraments, with the feelings with which a spectator might be inspired, but still as one, in whom great powers of observation could supply every thing but the warmth of actual experience. The


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 колонне. During the demonstration we walked in the same group.

колос (P колосья, -сьев, -сьям) ear of grain.

колоссальный colossal.

колоть (колю, колет) to chop. Он сейчас колет дрова. He's chopping wood now. • to break. Лёд можно колоть этим ножом. You can break the ice with this knife. • to sting. Ветер и снег мне щёки колют. The wind and snow are stinging my cheeks. □ У меня в боку колет. I've got a stitch in my side. • *Правда глаза колет. The truth hurts.

колхоз (коллективное хозяйство) kolkhoz. Наш колхоз получил премию за качество своей свёклы. Our kolkhoz received a prize for its beets. (A kolkhoz is a farm owned and worked collectively.)

колхозник kolkhoznik. Колхозник повёз на базар молоко. The collective farmer drove to the market with some milk. (A kolkhoznik is a collective farmer, a member of a collective farm.)

колхозница collective farmer F.

колхозный kolkhoz. □ колхозные ясли kolkhoz nursery. колхозный базар kolkhoz market.

кольцо (P кольца) ring. Он подарил ей кольцо. He gave her a ring. • flying ring. Мы делаем гимнастические упражнения на кольцах. We're exercising on the flying rings.

ком (P комья, -мьев, -мьям) lump. Комья грязи облепили нашу машину. Lumps of dirt stuck all over our car. — У меня подступил ком к горлу. I had a lump in my throat.

ком (/l of кто/).

команда team. Наша команда получила приз на весеннем состязании. Our team won a prize in the spring meet. • command. Он принял команду над полком. He took over command of the regiment. • brigade. В тушении пожара принимали участие две пожарных команды. Two fire brigades took part in putting out the fire. □ футбольная команда soccer team.

командир commander. У нас был замечательный командир. We had a wonderful commander. □ Тоже ещё командир нашёлся! Who are you to give orders?

командировать to assign. Его командируют на новую работу. They're assigning him to a new job. • send on an assignment. Меня командируют на север на три месяца. They're sending me on an assignment to the North for three months.

командировка mission, assignment. Я прибыл сюда в командировку. I've come here on an assignment.

командовать to command. Он командовал моим полком. He commanded my regiment. • to order around. Вы здесь, пожалуйста, не командуйте. Stop ordering everybody around.

комар (-а) mosquito.

комбайн harvester-combine.

комбайнер harvester-combine-operator.

комбинат government-owned vertical trust (USSR).

комбинация combination. Это очень странная комбинация. It's a very strange combination. • scheme. Комбинация красок особенно удались художнику в этой картине. The color scheme in this picture is very successful. • slip. У неё видна комбинация. Her slip is showing.

комбинезон overalls. Он надел комбинезон и принялся за починку трубы. He put on his overalls and began to repair the pipe.

комедия comedy. Вы видели эту комедию в Малом театре? Did you see the comedy at the "Maly" theatre? • farce. Ну и комедия получилась! It certainly turned out to be a farce. • act. Не разыгрывайте комедии! Stop putting on an act!

комиссар commissar. □ народный комиссар people's commissar. Народный комиссар просвещения The People's Commissar for Education. Совет народных комиссаров (совнарком) Council of People's Commissars.

комиссариат commissariat. □ Народный комиссариат иностранных дел People's Commissariat for Foreign Affairs.

комиссия committee. Ревизионная комиссия утвердила годовой отчёт правления завода. The investigating committee approved the annual report of the plant management. • commission. Для расследования этого дела была назначена специальная комиссия. A special commission has been appointed to investigate this affair. □ Комиссия советского контроля Soviet Control Committee.

комитет committee. Он член центрального комитета (коммунистической) партии. He's a member of the central committee of the (communist) party. □ исполнительный комитет (исполком) executive committee.

коммунальный □ Отдел коммунального хозяйства местного совета Public Utilities Section of the local soviet. □ В этом месяце у нас большой счёт за коммунальные услуги. We have a large gas, electric and water bill this month.

коммунизм communism.

коммунист communist.

коммунистический communist. Он подошёл к вопросу с коммунистической точки зрения. He argued from the communist point of view. □ коммунистическая партия (See also ВКП (б), Appendix 9) Communist party.

коммунистка communist F.

комната room. У нас есть для вас комната. We have a room for you. — Вам комнату для одного? Do you want a single room? — Я ищу комнату для двоих. I'm looking for a double room. — У нас есть только большая комната с двумя кроватями. We have only a large room with twin beds. — Ваша комната на втором этаже. Your room is on the second floor. — Дайте мне комнату с окном на улицу. I'd like a room with a window facing on the street. □ меблированная комната furnished room.

комод chest of drawers.

компания crowd. Я лучше пойду туда, где будет наша компания. I'd rather go where our crowd goes. • company. Он тебе не компания! He's no company for you! — Ну, ещё рюмочку за компанию! Well, one more for company's sake. □ поддержать компанию to be a good sport. Поддержите


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 is of important application in the whole range of our duties; nor could it be too often repeated, in warning, "that what is not practised frequently, can never be performed with delight." We are sensible of the value of habits in moral action, and are not surprised that one, who makes only desultory efforts, should never succeed in acquiring any habit; we feel it in some degree in our public worship of, and think it natural that one who does not diligently avail himself of all his opportunities of attending it, should join in it but coldly and lifelessly; it is strange to him, and therefore at best a stiff and austere service: and yet, in other matters, we act in defiance of this maxim; we have allowed our Fasts to become rare, and therefore it has come to pass, that so many never fast at all; our holy days have passed for the most part into neglect, and therefore the few that remain excite but little comparative feeling; our daily service is well nigh disused, and therefore our weekly is so much neglected; we have diminished the frequency of our communions, and therefore so many are strangers to the Table, so many formal partakers. Not so the Apostles, nor the Primitive Church, nor our own in its Principles, or in its most Apostolic days: they knew human nature better; or, rather, acting from their own experience and self-knowledge, they ordained what was healthful for men of like nature with themselves; what was a duty at any period of the year, must needs be performed throughout; each portion had its Festivals and its Fasts, and the varying circle formed one harmonious whole of Christian humiliation and Christian joy.

The Church was in those days consistent; its ministers derived their commission not of man, but of, who called them inwardly by His Spirit, and outwardly through those to whom, through his Apostles, He had delegated this high office. The admission into Holy Orders was no mere outward consecration or ceremony, but an imparting of Spirit to those who were separated to this work through the prayers of the congregation, and the delegated authority of the Bishop. Christian edification was not left to each man's private judgment, but each was taught by


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 компанию, поедем с нами. Be a good sport; come on with us. □ Давайте пойдём туда всей компанией. Come on, the bunch of us will go there.

компас compass. Местность незнакомая — придётся идти по компасу. This place is not familiar. We'll have to use the compass.

компот stewed fruit.

компресс compress. Положите ему на голову холодный компресс. Put a cold compress on his head. — Положите себе на горло согревающий компресс. Put a warm compress on your throat.

комсомол (See also ВЛКСМ, Appendix 9) komsomol (Young Communist League).

комсомолец (-льца) member of the komsomol.

комсомолка member of the komsomol F.

комсомольский komsomol. Честное комсомольское слово, я вас не подведу. I give you my word as a komsomol member, I won't let you down.

комсостав (командный состав) commanding personnel.

кому (d of кто).

конверт envelope. Дайте мне пачку конвертов. Give me a pack of envelopes.

конгресс congress. Это правда, что он член Конгресса Соединённых Штатов? Is it true that he's a member of Congress? • convention. Международный конгресс архитекторов назначен на май этого года. The International Convention of Architects is set for May of this year.

кондитерская (A F) pastry shop.

кондуктор conductor. Кондуктор уже проверял билеты? Has the conductor taken the tickets yet? — Спросите у кондуктора, где вам сходить. Ask the conductor where to get off.

конёк (-нька) small horse. Славный у вас конёк. That's a nice small horse you have. • skate. Мне подарили гоночные коньки. I was given a pair of racing skates. □ кататься на коньках to skate. Вы умеете кататься на коньках? Do you know how to skate? □ Ну, теперь он сел на своего конька — его не остановишь. Well, now that you're discussing his field, there's no stopping him.

конец (-нца) end. Возьмитесь за другой конец верёвки. Take hold of the other end of the rope. — Поезжайте до конца этой улицы и там сверните налево. Go to the end of the street and turn left there. — Они живут на другом конце города. They live at the other end of town. — Прочтите это с начала до конца. Read this from beginning to end. — До конца своих дней он мечтал о возвращении на родину. Until the end of his days he dreamed of returning to his homeland. — Вот и конец дороги, сейчас приедем. There's the end of the road; we'll be arriving very soon. — К концу дня мы с ног валимся от усталости. We are just dead on our feet at the end of the day. — Мы еле сводим концы с концами. We can just about make ends meet. • trip. Извозчик хочет три рубля в оба конца. The coachman wants three rubles for the round trip. □ без конца endlessly. Она говорит без конца! She talks endlessly! в конец completely. Он меня в конец замучил своими расспросами. He wore me out completely with his questioning. в конце концов after all. Мне, в конце концов, всё равно. After all, it makes no difference to me. на худой конец if worst comes to worst. На худой конец, мы сможем повести его в кино. If worst comes to worst, we can always take him to a movie. под конец toward the end. Под конец у меня лопнуло терпение. I lost my patience toward the end. □ Удрал — и концы в воду. He disappeared and left a tangle of loose ends behind. • Дайте мне договорить до конца! Let me finish telling it. • Такого конца никто не ожидал. Nobody expected it to end that way. • Он получает письма со всех концов света. He gets letters from all over the world. • Отдайте ему эти деньги — и дело с концом! Give him the money and end the whole matter.

конечный last. Вам надо сойти на конечной станции. You have to get off at the last station. □ конечно [-šn-] of course. "Я надеюсь, что вы не обиделись?" "Конечно, нет!" "I hope you're not offended." "Why, of course not!" — Да, конечно! Вы правы. Yes, of course; you're right. • certainly. "Можно закурить?" "Конечно". "May I smoke?" "Certainly."

конница cavalry.

консервативный conservative.

консерватор conservative.

консерватория conservatory of music. Она учится в консерватории. She's studying at a conservatory of music.

консервы (-рвов P) canned food.

конституция constitution.

конструктор constructor.

консул consul. Когда консул принимает? What are the consul's office hours?

консульство consulate. Консульство открыто каждый день, кроме субботы и воскресенья. The Consulate is open every day except Saturday and Sunday.

контора office. У нашего треста есть контора в Москве. Our trust has an office in Moscow. — Позвоните в контору завода. Call up the factory office. — В государственной нотариальной конторе вам заверят копию вашего свидетельства. They'll certify the copy of your certificate at the government notary office.

контрабанда contraband.

контракт contract.

контраст contrast.

контролёр ticket inspector. Он работает трамвайным контролёром. He's a ticket inspector on the trolleys. • inspector. Подготовьте отчётность для контролёра. Prepare the books for the inspector.

контроль (M) inspection. Контроль обнаружил большие недочёты в работе завода. The inspection revealed big defects in the work of the factory. • supervision. Эти цеха работают под непрерывным контролем главного инженера. These shops work under constant supervision of the chief engineer. • check. Санитарная инспекция производит контроль свинины. There's a sanitary health inspection as a check on pork. □ государственный контроль state inspection committee. □ Контроль билетов производили уже несколько раз. The tickets have already been inspected several times.

контрразведка military intelligence.

контрреволюционный counter-revolutionary.

конференция conference. Я был на заводской конференции.


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 I was at the conference of the factory personnel. — Это решение партийной конференции. This is the decision of the party conference.

конфета candy.

концерт concert. Я хочу пригласить вас на концерт. I'd like to invite you to the concert.

кончать (dur of кончить) to finish. Ну, пора кончить! Well, it's time to finish. • to quit. Когда у вас кончают работу? What time do they quit work at your place?

кончить (pct of кончать) to finish. Она уже кончила эту книгу. She has already finished that book. • to be through. Как только кончим работу, будем чай пить. As soon as we're through with the work we'll have tea. • to end up. Я кончу тем, что сбегу отсюда. I'll end up running away from here. — Боюсь, что он плохо кончит. I'm afraid he'll end up badly. — Он и не думал, что кончит переводчиком. He never thought he'd end up as a translator. □ кончить (учебное заведение) to graduate. Вы кончили университет? Have you graduated from college?

конь (коня, P кони, коней M) horse.

коньки (-ньков P) skates.

конюшня (gp -шен) stable.

кооператив cooperative store.

кооперация cooperative movement.

копать to dig. Земля промёрзла, копать очень трудно. The earth is frozen solid; it's very difficult to dig.

копейка kopek. Яблоки — по шести копеек штука. Apples are six kopeks each. □ Всё сошлось — копейка в копейку. Everything balanced, penny for penny.

копировать (/pct: с-/) to copy. Она копирует рисунок. She's copying the drawing.

копия copy. Пожалуйста, снимите копию с этого документа. Please make a copy of this document. — Это только плохая копия знаменитой картины. This is just a poor copy of a famous picture. • carbon. Машинистка принесла вам оригинал и три копии. The typist brought you an original and three carbons. • carbon copy. Он совершенная копия своего отца. He's a carbon copy of his old man.

копна (P копны, копён, копнам) rick. Нужно сгрести сено в копны. The hay has to be raked into ricks. • shock. Ну вам, с вашей копной, такой гребешок не годится. You can't get along with such a small comb with your shock of hair.

копоть (F) soot.

копчёный smoked. Дайте мне копчёной ветчины. Give me some smoked ham.

копыто hoof.

корабль (-бля M) ship.

корень (-рня, P корни, корней) root. У этого сорняка такие длинные корни, его полоть трудно. These weeds have such long roots that it's hard to pull them up. — Зубной врач вырвал мне два корня. The dentist pulled out the roots of two of my teeth. — Она покраснела до корней волос. She blushed to the roots of her hair. — В чём же, в конце концов, корень зла? Actually, what's the root of the trouble? □ в корне basically. Беда в том, что у вас в корне неправильный подход к делу. The trouble is that basically you have a wrong approach to this matter. вырвать с корнем to uproot. Буря вырвала с корнем наши липы. The storm uprooted our linden trees. квадратный корень square root. А вы ещё не забыли правила извлечения квадратного корня? You haven't forgotten how to find the square root, have you? пустить корни to take root. Пересаженные кусты уже пустили корни. The transplanted bushes have already taken root. — *Эти американцы приехали давно и пустили здесь корни. Those Americans arrived a long time ago and have taken root here. □ Хлеба у нас ещё на корню. The grain hasn't been reaped yet.

корзина basket. Мы купили полную корзину персиков. We bought a whole basket of peaches. • straw trunk. Сдайте корзину в багаж, а чемодан возьмите в вагон. Check your straw trunk, and take the suitcase along with you in the car.

корзинка basket. Корзинка для бумаги под столом. The wastepaper basket is under the table. • (small) basket. Купите земляники, четвертак корзинка. Buy some strawberries: only a quarter a basket.

коридор corridor.

коричневый ([-šnj-]) brown. Отдайте ему мой коричневый костюм. Give him my brown suit. • tan. Он совсем коричневый от загара. He's all tan from the sun.

корка crust. Корка хлеба подгорела. The bread crust has been burned. • peel. Кто это тут набросал апельсинных корок? Who threw orange peels around here? □ *Пусть придёт, я его разругаю на все корки. If he comes I'll curse him out.

корм (P кормы or корма, кормов/g -у; на корму/) fodder. Задали корму лошадям? Have you given the horses fodder?

корма (P кормы) stern. Он сидел на корме лодки. He was sitting in the stern of the boat.

кормить (кормлю, кормит/pct: на-/) to feed. Она кормит ребёнка грудью. She feeds the baby from the breast. — Чем вы кормите собак? What do you feed your dogs? — Он долго кормил всю семью. He fed the whole family for a long time. • to give a living. Разве эта профессия кого-нибудь кормит? Does this occupation give anybody a living? □ В этом ресторане хорошо кормят. You can get some good food in this restaurant. • *Её хлебом не корми, только дай ей поболтать. She'd rather talk than eat.

коробка box.

корова cow.

королева queen.

король (-ля M) king.

коронка crown. Мне сегодня поставили золотую коронку. I had a gold crown put on my tooth today.

короткий (sh короток, -тка, коротко, коротки; cp короче) short. Напишите ему хоть короткое письмо. Write him at least a short letter. — Рукава слишком коротки, их надо удлинить. The sleeves are too short; they'll have to be lengthened. — Произошло короткое замыкание и все пробки перегорели. There was a short circuit and all the fuses burned out. □ коротко briefly. Он ответил коротко и сухо. He answered briefly and dryly. • close. Мы с ним коротко знакомы. We are on close terms with him.


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114 prolong or exasperate them. It has rather for its objects to set forth some of the features in the contest which should not be overlooked—to explore some of the causes of the result which may furnish lessons of wisdom or of courage—to estimate carefully the real Aveight of the decision against us, and to cast, as sagaciously as may be, the horoscope of our future fortunes.

The great political contests, hitherto, for tlie possession and control of the general government, by whatever names significant of their principles the parties therein may have been designated, have been, in fact and in profession, carried on between the Administration and Opposition; and from these relations the combatants have drawn much towards their organization and their strength. It was a remarkable feature in the late election, that from a most peculiar concurrence in political events, and an equally peculiar combination of political influences, this element was so modified in its operation, as to produce most singular and, to the Whig party, most disastrous results. The existing administration, elected by the Whigs, had been controlled by their principles and had carried out their measures only to a very limited extent, and for a very brief period. Long before the marshalling of the array for the decisive struggle, it had alienated itself from our principles and been driven with scorn from our confidence; and, after a feeble experiment upon its capacity of standing alone, it had finally transferred its favor and its patronage, its means for, and its material of, corruption, its whole disposable mercenary force, into the hands of our opponents.

The history of previous national elections shows, that the active force of the party in power, necessarily incident to its position, combined with the natural vis inertiæ, when the eople have been at all closely divided in political opinions, has not only served as an important makeweight in the scale, but has generally proved decisive in turning it. The same history also teaches that when the party in power, in despite of the advantages of its position, has been in fact supplanted by its rival, it has been overborne as much by its own misdeeds and the accession of negative strength, which they gave to the opposition, as by the proper vigor derived by the latter from its own positive principles. Besides, the opposition has always relied much upon the lust of change, ever an effective element in all popular movements—much more upon the selfish arguments which the prospect of new political arrangements always offers to the large and apparently increasing body of voters who make politics a trade. These influences compensate somewhat for the capital of the actual possession of power, in which the administration, of course, have the advantage. The "Outs" have a vast speculative capital, upon which they can issue abundant promises, to be redeemed when success shall have furnished the means. The "Ins" have exhausted their resources in the satisfaction of past services; they can alarm with the fear of losing, but can afford no stimulus to the hope of gain.

The application of these remarks to the position of the two great parties, relatively to Mr. Tyler's administration, will exhibit the remarkable influence which the latter, so utterly feeble and insignificant in every moral point of view, was enabled to exert and did exert, under the novel circumstances of the case. Neither the Whigs nor the Democrats could properly be called the Administration party; neither, the Opposition. But mark how unequally the qualities of these antagonist positions, so important for the battle which we were approaching as to have often alone decided the field, were divided between the two parties. The Democrats had all the power of administration, all the prestige of opposition; the Whigs, all the burdens of administration—all the obstacles of opposition. If John Tyler could have thrust upon our opponents all the imbecilities, all the ineffable perfidies and scarce imaginable meannesses which compose the history of his dynasty, by the same transfer which conveyed to them the whole resources of government influence and patronage, we should have been for once his debtors. No strength which he could have imparted with all his accidental power, would have sufficed to bear up the load of inbred and accumulated sins which would thus have devolved upon his luckless legatees. His political testament did not so equitably provide; he left to us all his monstrous debts, to others all the substantial value which he had to bequeath. Of his ragged army, the impedimenta, the vile baggage, fell to our share — the armory and military chest were betrayed to our enemies. This position of things was entirely unparalleled


text: Studies of a Biographer/Wordsworth's Youth


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 коротко говоря in short. Коротко говори, мне это не нравится. In short, I don't like it. короче shorter. А какой путь короче? Which is the shorter road? покороче very short. Подстригите меня покороче. Cut my hair very short. □ Коротко и ясно: не разрешается! In a nutshell — it's forbidden! • *У меня разговор короткий! Я его просто выброшу вон. I won't waste time talking to him! I'll just throw him out! • *Он ничего вам не сделает — руки коротки. Don't worry, he can't do a thing to you.

короче (/cp of короткий/).

корпус (P -а, -ов) building. Красильный цех находится в другом корпусе. The dyeing shop is in the other building. □ дипломатический корпус diplomatic corps. Вчера на приёме в посольстве присутствовал весь дипломатический корпус. The diplomatic corps were present at the embassy reception yesterday. кадетский корпус military high school. □ Он наклонился всем корпусом. He bent way over.

корреспонденция mail. Приём заказной корреспонденции. Registered Mail Accepted Here. • correspondence. Я изучал коммерческую корреспонденцию — и английскую, и русскую. I studied both English and Russian business correspondence. • report. Сегодня в газете очень интересная корреспонденция из Нью Иорка. There is a very interesting report in the paper today from New York.

корыто trough.

корь (F) measles.

коса (a косу, P косы) scythe. У вас косы отточены? Are your scythes sharpened? • pigtail. Будешь знать, как девчонок за косы драть! That'll teach you to pull girls' pigtails again! • braid. Я никогда не носила косы. I never wore braids.

косарь (-ря M) one who mows.

косвенный indirect.

косилка mowing machine.

косить (кошу, косит /pct: с-/) to mow. Когда у вас начинают косить? When do you start mowing here?

косить to be cross-eyed. По-моему, ваш ребёнок косит. I believe your child is cross-eyed.

коснуться (pct of касаться) to touch upon. Разговор коснулся современной музыки. The conversation touched upon contemporary music.

косовица mowing. С косовицей мы в этом году задержались. There's been a delay in our mowing this year.

косой (sh кос, коса, косо, -ы) slant. У неё косой разрез глаз. She's got slant eyes. □ косо crooked. Картина висит косо. The picture is hanging crooked. □ На это здесь косо смотрят. They frown on things like that here.

костёр (-стра) campfire.

кость (P кости, костей/в кости/F) bone. Мы боялись, что у него перелом кости. We were afraid that he had a fractured bone. — Он подавился рыбьей костью. He choked on a fish bone. □ слоновая кость ivory. Я потерял мундштук из слоновой кости. I lost an ivory cigarette holder. □ *Опять всё выболтала — вот язык без костей! She gave the secret away again. She sure has a loose tongue.

костюм suit. Я бы хотел костюм с двумя парами брюк. I'd like a suit with two pairs of trousers. — У моего костюма жакетка ещё хороша, а юбка уже износилась. The jacket of my suit is still in good condition but the skirt is all worn out. • costume. Обратите внимание на костюмы в этом балете. Be sure to notice the costumes in this ballet.

кот (-а) tomcat. Нам кота надо — мышей ловить. We need a tomcat to catch the mice. □ *Денег у нас — кот наплакал. We have no money to speak of.

котёл (-тла) kettle. Картофель лучше варить в этом большом котле. It's better to boil potatoes in this big kettle. □ общий котёл common pool. Участники экспедиции сдавали в общий котёл всё, что получали из дому. All members of the expedition threw everything they got from home into a common pool. паровой котёл steam boiler.

котелок (-лка) kettle. На столе стоял котелок с борщом. A kettle of borscht was on the table. • derby. Этот человек в котелке, вероятно, иностранец. That man wearing the derby is probably a foreigner.

котлета □ отбивная котлета chop. Дайте мне отбивную телячью котлету с жареным картофелем. Give me a veal chop with fried potatoes. рубленая котлета hamburger, chopped steak.

который what. В котором часу идёт поезд? What time does the train leave? • that. Моё тёплое пальто осталось в том чемодане, который идёт багажом. My warm coat is in the suitcase that's been checked. • who. Это тот человек, который тут был вчера? Is this the man who was here yesterday? □ Это та девушка, о которой я вам говорил. That's the girl I spoke to you about. • Вы который в очереди? Where's your place in line?

кофе (indecl M) coffee. Дайте мне чашку крепкого чёрного кофе. Give me a cup of strong, black coffee. — Вам кофе с молоком или со сливками? Do you want your coffee with milk or cream? — Дайте мне кило молотого кофе. Give me a kilogram of ground coffee.

кофейник coffeepot.

кофта woman's blouse. □ вязаная кофта cardigan.

кочегар fireman. Я пять лет проездил на паровозе кочегаром. I worked for five years as a fireman on a locomotive.

кошелёк (-лька) purse. Я нашёл кошелёк с деньгами. I found a purse with money in it. — Мой кошелёк из чёрной кожи среднего размера. My purse is medium size and made of black leather.

кошка cat. Они живут как кошка с собакой. They fight like cats and dogs. □ *Между нами пробежала чёрная кошка. They're not on good terms now.

кошу See косить.

краду See красть.

краевой regional.

кража theft. Его судили за кражу. He was tried for theft.

край (P края, краёв /g -ю; на краю/) edge. Наш дом на самом краю города. Our house is at the very edge of town. • brim. Осторожно, стакан полон до краёв. Be careful, the glass is filled to the brim. • verge. Он на краю могилы. He's on the verge of death. • country. Вы бывали в


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 чужих краях? Have you ever been in any foreign country? □ Это где-то на краю света. That's in some God-forsaken place. • С тобой хоть на край света! I'd even go to the ends of the earth with you! • Работе тут конца краю нет. There's no end to the work here. • Давно вы в наших краях? Have you been in our neck of the woods long? • Я что-то об этом слышал краем уха. I heard something about it. • Ну, знаете, это вы уже через край хватили. Well, you know, this is a little too much!

крайний last. У нас места в крайней ложе третьего яруса. Our seats are in the last box on the third tier. • lowest. Это наша крайняя цена. That's the lowest we can go. • complete. Он дошёл до крайнего истощения. He was in a state of complete exhaustion. • drastic. Ну, это уж будет самая крайняя мора. This will be a most drastic measure. □ крайний срок deadline. А какой крайний срок подачи заявлений? What's the deadline for applications? по крайней мере at least. Сделайте по крайней мере половину. Do at least half. крайне very. Он произвёл на нас крайне неприятное впечатление. He made a very unfavorable impression on us. • extremely. Он крайне осторожен. He's extremely careful. • highly. Это крайне важно. That's highly important. • badly. Мне деньги крайне необходимы. I need money badly. □ В крайнем случае позовите меня. Call me, if there's no other way out. • В этом нет крайней необходимости. It's not absolutely necessary. • В самом крайнем случае придётся отказаться от поездки. If it comes to the worst we'll have to give up the idea of the trip.

крал See красть.

кран faucet. Умойтесь в кухне под краном. Wash yourself under the faucet in the kitchen. □ подъёмный кран derrick, crane.

красавица beauty. Ах, какая красавица! Lord, what a beauty!

красивый beautiful. Она очень красивая женщина. She's a very beautiful woman. • pretty. Это был с его стороны только красивый жест. It was only a pretty gesture on his part. □ красиво beautifully. Он красиво говорит. He speaks beautifully.

красить to paint. Маляры пришли красить квартиру. The painters came to paint the apartment. • to dye. На этой фабрике красят шерсть. They dye wool in this factory. — Она красит волосы. She dyes her hair.

краска paint. Свежая краска! Wet Paint. • dye. Какую краску вы употребляете для шёлка? What dyes do you use for silks? □ Вы рисуете это в слишком мрачных красках. You're painting the situation too dark.

краснеть to turn red. У меня на морозе всегда краснеет нос. My nose turns red when it's cold. • to blush. Он врёт и не краснеет! He lies without blushing. □ Что это там краснеет среди кустов? What's that reddish thing in the bushes?

красноармеец (-мейца) Red-Army soldier.

краснофлотец (-тца) Red-Navy sailor.

красный (sh -сна) red. Дайте мне, пожалуйста, красный карандаш. Give me a red pencil, please. — Мы заказали бутылку красного вина. We ordered a bottle of red wine. — У вас руки совсем красные от холода. Your hands are all red from the cold. □ Красная армия Red army. красная строка paragraph. Красная строка! Start a new paragraph. Красный крест Red Cross. красный уголок recreation room, reading room. Красный флот Red Navy.

красота (P красоты) beauty. Красота этого острова просто неописуема. The beauty of this island is simply indescribable. — Это он прибавил для красота слога. He added this for its beauty of style. □ Красотой они не блещет. She wouldn't win first prize at a beauty contest.

красть (краду, -дёт; p крал /pct: у-/) to steal.

краткий (sh -тка; cp кратче; кратчайший) short. В газете есть краткий отчёт о вчерашнем происшествии. There's a short report about yesterday's incident in the newspaper. □ кратко briefly. Говорите кратко! Speak briefly!

кратковременный short-lived. Их дружба была кратковременна. Their friendship was short-lived. • short-term. Это кратковременная работа. This is short-term work.

крахмал starch.

крахмалить (/pct: на-/)

крашу See красить.

кредит credit. В кредит здесь не продают. They don't sell on credit here.

крем cream. Какой крем для лица вы употребляете? What kind of face cream do you use? — Он меня просил купить ему крем для бритья. He asked me to buy him some shaving cream.

кремень (-мня M) flint. У меня выпал кремень из зажигалки. I've lost the flint from my lighter. □ Ну и характер! Кремень! What a tough son-of-a-gun he is!

Кремль (-мла M) Kremlin.

крепкий (sh -пка; cp крепче) strong. Мне нужна, очень крепкая верёвка. I need a very strong rope. — Подмётки ещё совсем крепкие, а верх порвался. The soles are still quite strong, but the uppers are torn. — Вы пьёте крепкий чай? Do you like your tea strong? • steady. У вас, как я погляжу, очень крепкие нервы. I see you have very steady nerves. • sound. Он тяжело заболел, но его крепкий организм выдержал. He became seriously ill but his sound constitution saw him through. □ крепкие напитки hard liquor. Он крепких напитков в рот не берёт. He doesn't touch hard liquor.

крепко seriously. Об этом надо крепко подумать. We have to think it over seriously. крепко жму руку warmest regards (friendly closing in letters). крепко спать to sleep soundly. Он всегда спит так крепко? Does he always sleep so soundly? целую крепко love and kisses. □ Они крепко любили друг друга. They loved each other dearly.

крепче See крепкий.

кресло armchair, easy chair. Возьмите кресло поудобнее. Take a comfortable armchair. □ кресла orchestra. Есть еще места в креслах на завтра вечером? Do you still have seats in the orchestra for tomorrow evening?


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Friday, the 31st of August, 1809—that being the day of the drawing of the lottery for finishing and furnishing the new Episcopal church—at about ten o'clock in the morning, there might have been seen hobbling slowly along the streets, in the direction of the public square, a little lad by the name of David. He was idle and lonesome, not wholly through his fault. If there had been white bootblacks in those days, he might now have been busy around a tavern door polishing the noble toes of some old Revolutionary soldier; or if there had been newsboys, he might have been selling the Gazette or the Reporter—the two papers which the town afforded at that time. But there were enough negro slaves to polish all the boots in the town for nothing when the boots got polished at all, as was often not the case; and if people wanted to buy a newspaper, they went to the office of the editor and publisher, laid the silver down on the counter, and received a copy from the hands of that great man himself.

The lad was not even out on a joyous summer vacation, for as yet there was not a public school in the town, and his mother was too poor to send him to a private one, teaching him as best she could at home. This home was one of the rudest of the log-cabins of the town, built by his father, who had been killed a few years before in a tavern brawl. His mother earned a scant livelihood, sometimes by taking in coarse sewing


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 for the hands of the hemp factory, sometimes by her loom, on which with rare skill she wove the finest fabrics of the time.

As he hobbled on towards the public square, he came to an elm-tree which cast a thick cooling shade on the sidewalk, and sitting down, he laid his rickety crutch beside him, and drew out of the pocket of his home-made tow breeches a tangled mass of articles—pieces of violin strings, all of which had plainly seen service under the bow at many a dance; three old screws, belonging in their times to different violin heads; two lumps of resin, one a rather large lump of dark color and common quality, the other a small lump of transparent amber wrapped sacredly to itself in a little brown paper bag labelled "Cucumber Seed;" a pair of epaulets, the brass fringes of which were tarnished and torn; and further miscellany.

These treasures he laid out one by one, first brushing the dirt off the sidewalk with the palm of one dirty hand, and then putting his mouth close down to blow away any loose particles that might remain to soil them; and when they were all displayed, he propped himself on one elbow, and stretched his figure caressingly beside them.

A pretty picture the lad made as he lay there dreaming over his earthly possessions—a pretty picture in the shade of the great elm, that sultry morning of August, three-quarters of a century ago! The presence of the crutch showed there was something sad about it; and so there was; for if you had glanced at the little bare brown foot, set toes upward on the curb-stone, you would have discovered that the fellow to it was missing—cut off about two inches above the ankle. And if this


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 had caused you to throw a look of sympathy at his face, something yet sadder must long have held your attention. Set jauntily on the back of his head was a weather-beaten dark blue cloth cap, the patent-leather frontlet of which was gone; and beneath the ragged edge of this there fell down over his forehead and temples and ears a tangled mass of soft yellow hair, slightly curling. His eyes were large, and of a blue to match the depths of the calm sky above the tree-tops; the long lashes which curtained them were brown; his lips were red, his nose delicate and fine, and his cheeks tanned to the color of ripe peaches. It was a singularly winning face, intelligent, frank, not describable. On it now rested a smile, half joyous, half sad, as though his mind was full of bright hopes, the realization of which was far away. From his neck fell the wide collar of a white cotton shirt, clean but frayed at the elbows, and open and buttonless down his bosom. Over this he wore an old-fashioned satin waistcoat of a man, also frayed and buttonless. His dress was completed by a pair of baggy tow breeches, held up by a single tow suspender fastened to big brown horn buttons.

After a while he sat up, letting his foot hang down over the curb-stone, and uncoiling the longest of the treble strings, he put one end between his shining teeth, and stretched it tight by holding the other end off between his thumb and forefinger. Then, waving in the air in his other hand an imaginary bow, with his head resting a little on one side, his eyelids drooping, his mind in a state of dreamy delight, the little musician began to play—began to play the violin that he had long been working for, and hoped would some day become his own.


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 It was nothing to him now that his whole performance consisted of one broken string. It was nothing to him, as his body rocked gently to and fro, that he could not hear the music which ravished his soul. So real was that music to him that at intervals, with a little frown of vexation as though things were not going perfectly, he would stop, take up the small lump of costly resin, and pretend to rub it vigorously on the hair of the fancied bow. Then he would awake that delicious music again, playing more ecstatically, more passionately than before.

At that moment there appeared in the street, about a hundred yards off, the Reverend James Moore, who was also moving in the direction of the public square, his face more cool and white than usual, although the morning was never more sultry.

He had arisen with an all but overwhelming sense of the importance of that day. Fifteen years are an immense period in a brief human life, especially fifteen years of spiritual toil, hardships, and discouragements, rebuffs, weaknesses, and burdens, and for fifteen such years he had spent himself for his Episcopalians, some of whom read too freely Tom Paine and Rousseau, some loved too well the taverns of the town, some wrangled too fiercely over their land suits. What wonder if this day, which, despite all drawbacks, was to witness the raising of money for equipping the first brick church, was a proud and happy one to his meek but victorious spirit! What wonder if, as he had gotten out of bed that morning, he had prayed with unusual fervor that for this day in especial his faculties, from the least to the greatest, and from the weakest to the strongest, might discharge their functions perfectly,


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 and that the drawing of the lottery might come off decently and in good order; and that—yes, this too was in the parson's prayer—that if it were the will of Heaven and just to the other holders of tickets, the right one of the vestry-men might draw the thousand-dollar prize; for he felt very sure that otherwise there would be little peace in the church for many a day to come, and that for him personally the path-way of life would be more slippery and thorny.

So that now as he hurried down the street he was happy; but he was anxious; and being excited for both reasons, the way was already prepared for him to lose that many-handed self-control which he had prayed so hard to retain.

He passed within the shade of the great elm, and then suddenly came to a full stop. A few yards in front of him the boy was performing his imaginary violin solo on a broken string, and the sight went straight to the heart of that musical faculty whose shy divinity was the flute. For a few moments he stood looking on in silence, with all the sympathy of a musician for a comrade in poverty and distress.

Other ties also bound him to the boy. If the divine voice had said to the Reverend James Moore: "Among all the people of this town, it will be allowed you to save but one soul. Choose you which that shall be," he would have replied: "Lord, this is a hard saying, for I wish to save them all. But if I must choose, let it be the soul of this lad."

The boy's father and he had been boyhood friends in Virginia, room-mates and classmates in college, and together they had come to Kentucky. Summoned to the tavern on the night of the fatal brawl, he had reached


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 the scene only in time to lay his old playfellow's head on his bosom, and hear his last words:

"Be kind to my boy! . . . Be a better father to him than I have been! . . . Watch over him and help him! . . . Guard him from temptation! . . . Be kind to him in his little weaknesses! . . . Win his heart, and you can do everything with him! . . . Promise me this!"

"So help me Heaven, all that I can do for him I will do!"

From that moment he had taken upon his conscience, already toiling beneath its load of cares, the burden of this sacred responsibility. During the three years of his guardianship that had elapsed, this burden had not grown lighter; for apparently he had failed to acquire


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 any influence over the lad, or to establish the least friendship with him. It was a difficult nature that had been bequeathed him to master—sensitive, emotional, delicate, wayward, gay, rebellious of restraint, loving freedom like the poet and the artist. The Reverend James Moore, sitting in the chair of logic, moral philosophy, metaphysics, and belles-lettres; lecturing daily to young men on all the powers and operations of the human mind, taking it to pieces and putting it together and understanding it so perfectly, knowing by name every possible form of fallacy and root of evil—the Reverend James Moore, when he came to study the living mind of this boy, confessed to himself that he was as great a dunce as the greatest in his classes. But he loved the boy, nevertheless, with the lonely resources of his nature, and he never lost hope that he would turn to him in the end.

How long he might have stood now looking on and absorbed with the scene, it is impossible to say; for the lad, happening to look up and see him, instantly, with a sidelong scoop of his hand, the treasures on the sidewalk disappeared in a cavernous pocket, and the next moment he had seized his crutch, and was busy fumbling at a loosened nail.

"Why, good-morning, David," cried the parson, cheerily, but with some embarrassment, stepping briskly forward, and looking down upon the little figure now hanging its head with guilt. "You've got the coolest seat in town," he continued, "and I wish I had time to sit down and enjoy it with you; but the drawing comes off at the lottery this morning, and I must hurry down to see who gets the capital prize." A shade of anxiety settled on his face as he said this. "But here's the


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User talk:Thefort~enwikisource

Malacañang Residence of the President of the Philippines Manila

BY PRESIDENT OF THE PHILIPPINES PROCLAMATION NO. 423

RESERVING FOR MILITARY PURPOSES CERTAIN PARCELS OF THE PUBLIC DOMAIN SITUATED IN THE MUNICIPALITIES OF PASIG, TAGUIG, PARANAQUE, PROVINCE OF RIZAL AND PASAY CITY.

Upon the recommnedation of the Secretary of Agriculture and Natural Resources and pursuant to the authority vested in me by law, I CARLOS P. GARCIA, President of the Philippines, do hereby withdrew from sale of settlement and reserve for Military purposes, under the administration of the Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, subject to private rights, if any there be, and other conditions stated hereunder the following parcels of the public domain, situated in the Municipalities of Pasig, Taguig, Paranaque, Province of Rizal and Pasay City, Island of Luzon, and more particularly described as follows:

PARCEL NO. 2 (Portion)

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Page:Flute and Violin and Other Kentucky Tales and Romances.djvu/47

 morning paper," he added, drawing out of his coat-pocket the coveted sheet of the weekly Reporter, which he was in the habit of sending to the lad's mother, knowing that her silver was picked up with the point of her needle. "Take it to your mother, and tell her she must be sure to go to see the wax figures." What a persuasive smile overspread his face as he said this! "And you must be certain to go too! They'll be fine. Good-bye."

He let one hand rest gently on the lad's blue cloth cap, and looked down into the upturned face with an expression that could scarcely have been more tender.

"He looks feverish," he said to himself as he walked away, and then his thoughts turned to the lottery.

"Good-bye," replied the boy, in a low voice, lifting his dark blue eyes slowly to the patient gray ones. "I'm glad he's gone!" he added to himself; but he nevertheless gazed after the disappearing figure with shy fondness. Then he also began to think of the lottery.

If Mr. Leuba should draw the prize, he might give Tom Leuba a new violin; and if he gave Tom a new violin, then he had promised to give him Tom's old one. It had been nearly a year since Mr. Leuba had said to him, laughing, in his dry, hard little fashion:

"Now, David, you must be smart and run my errands while Tom's at school of mornings; and some of these days, when I get rich enough, I'll give Tom a new violin and I'll give you his old one."

"Oh, Mr. Leuba!" David had cried, his voice quivering with excitement, and his whole countenance beaming with delight, "I'll wait on you forever, if you'll give me Tom's old violin."

Yes, nearly a whole year had passed since then—a lifetime of waiting and disappointment. Many an


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 errand he had run for Mr. Leuba. Many a bit of a thing Mr. Leuba had given him: pieces of violin strings, odd worn-out screws, bits of resin, old epaulets, and a few fourpences; but the day had never come when he had given him Tom's violin.

Now if Mr. Leuba would only draw the prize! As he lay on his back on the sidewalk, with the footless stump of a leg crossed over the other, he held the newspaper between his eyes and the green limbs of the elm overhead, and eagerly read for the last time the advertisement of the lottery. Then, as he finished reading it, his eyes were suddenly riveted upon a remarkable notice printed just beneath.

This notice stated that Messrs. Ollendorf and Mason respectfully acquainted the ladies and gentlemen of Lexington that they had opened at the Kentucky Hotel a new and elegant collection of wax figures, judged by connoisseurs to be equal, if not superior, to any exhibited in America. Among which are the following characters: An excellent representation of General George Washington giving orders to the Marquis de la Fayette, his aid. In another scene the General is represented as a fallen victim to death, and the tears of America, represented by a beautiful female weeping over him—which makes it a most interesting scene. His Excellency Thomas Jefferson. General Buonaparte in marshal action. General Hamilton and Colonel Burr. In this interesting scene the Colonel is represented in the attitude of firing, while the General stands at his distance waiting the result of the first fire: both accurate likenesses. The death of General Braddock, who fell in Braddock's Defeat. An Indian is represented as scalping the General, while one of his men, in an


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 attempt to rescue him out of the hands of the Indians, was overtaken by another Indian, who is ready to split him with his tomahawk. Mrs. Jerome Buonaparte, formerly Miss Patterson. The Sleeping Beauty. Eliza Wharton, or the American coquette, with her favorite gallant and her intimate friend Miss Julia Granby. The Museum will be open from ten o'clock in the morning 'til nine in the evening. Admittance fifty cents for grown persons; children half price. Profiles taken with accuracy at the Museum.

The greatest attraction of the whole Museum will be a large magnificent painting of Christ in the Garden of Gethsemane.

All this for a quarter! The newspaper suddenly dropped from his hands into the dirt of the street—he had no quarter! For a moment he sat as immovable as if the thought had turned him into stone; but the next moment he had sprung from the sidewalk and was speeding home to his mother. Never before had the stub of the little crutch been plied so nimbly among the stones of the rough sidewalk. Never before had he made a prettier picture, with the blue cap pushed far back from his forehead, his yellow hair blowing about his face, the old black satin waistcoat flopping like a pair of disjointed wings against his sides, the open newspaper streaming backward from his hand, and his face alive with hope.

Two hours later he issued from the house, and set his face in the direction of the museum—a face full of excitement still, but full also of pain, because he had no


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 money, and saw no chance of getting any. It was a dull time of the year for his mother's work. Only the day before she had been paid a month's earnings, and already the money had been laid out for the frugal expenses of the household. It would be a long time before any more would come in, and in the mean time the exhibition of wax figures would have been moved to some other town. When he had told her that the parson had said that she must go to see them, she had smiled fondly at him from beside her loom, and quietly shaken her head with inward resignation; but when he told her the parson had said he must be sure to go too, the smile had faded into an expression of fixed sadness.

On his way down town he passed the little music store of Mr. Leuba, which was one block this side of the Kentucky Hotel. He was all eagerness to reach the museum, but his ear caught the sounds of the violin, and he forgot everything else in his desire to go in and speak with Tom, for Tom was his lord and master.

"Tom, are you going to see the wax figures?" he cried, with trembling haste, curling himself on top of the keg of nails in his accustomed corner of the little lumber-room. But Tom paid no attention to the question or the questioner, being absorbed in executing an intricate passage of "O Thou Fount of every Blessing!" For the moment David forgot his question himself, absorbed likewise in witnessing this envied performance.

When Tom had finished, he laid the violin across his knees and wiped his brow with his shirt-sleeves. "Don't you know that you oughtn't to talk to me when I'm performing?" he said, loftily, still not deigning to look at his offending auditor. "Don't you know that it disturbs a fiddler to be spoken to when he's performing?"


text: User:Blue-Haired Lawyer/Sandbox

title: User:Blue-Haired Lawyer/Sandbox


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1845.] in the course of political contests in our country: we fervently pray that it may never occur again. The defunct carcass of Tylerism bred a political pestilence, congenial to the vitality of Locofocoism, and it throve upon it—fatal to healthier organs, and we were enfeebled by the malaria. The facts of this case transcend the wisdom of the apologue—the dead ass has here triumphed over the living lion.

The precise weight in the determination of the conflict, which this novel and unhappy influence was enabled to exert, we cannot pretend to estimate; but we say with confidence, that, all other things remaining as they were, this disturbing cause rendered the fight any thing but a fair one, and would alone have accounted for a vastly more unfavorable result than we now have occasion to deplore.

But there is another characteristic of the late cau'paign, so deeply branded with infamy, so full of woful menace to the very existence of free institutions, that nothing but the clearest evidence could have proved its prevalence to ourselves, nothing but a stern sense of duty lead us to expose its deformity to our readers. We regard the presence, activity, and vigilance of great political parties, in this country, as alike essential to the permanence of liberty and the best security for the virtual and beneficent dominion of constitutional government. Faction and cabal are very different agents in a political system, and fraught with far other tendencies. A party is an organized union upon the basis of a principle or a system of principles, and proposes the good of the country; opposing parties differ in their principles, and of course in their measures, but agree in their object—the common weal. A faction confines its aims and objects within itself; "its be all and its end all," is self-aggrandizement. Factions, then, are as much the foes of popular governments, as parties are their ministers and defenders. The generous spirit of party, vehement though it be, invigorates and warms, cherishes and sustains, the whole fabric of the State; the gnawing tooth of faction corrodes every prop, and its insatiate thirst exhausts every spring of public prosperity. Little parties, operating within narrow circles, dealing with small interests, and, of necessity, confounding somewhat personal and public concerns, are constantly in danger of sinking into factions. But the dignity, amplitude, and diversity of the elements which make up the character and the substance, the soul and the body, of a great national party, have hitherto been supposed to present sufficient obstacles to a general degradation of its objects, and an universal profligacy in its means and measures. Such a general degradation and such an universal profligacy, when they once thoroughly obtain in a powerful party of an empire or a state, augur a decay of public virtue in the leading minds of a people, and a coldness of patriotism in its common mass, which, unchecked, must precipitate its ruin.

With these opinions, and in spite of our sincere desire to avoid a conclusion so painful to our national vanity, and so pregnant with ill omens for our national well-being, a candid examination of all the points of the case cannot spare us the conviction, that the late Presidential election was a struggle between a party and a faction—that our opponents, deliberately and systematically, abandoned every man, renounced every measure, and abjured every principle, to which they had been, however sacredly, committed; and this too, with a carelessness of disguise, a scorn of dissimulation, and a contempt of the decencies of knavery, which laugh at description and defy exaggeration. They adapted the motto of kingly pride—"L' Etat, c'est Moi"—to the purposes of democratic humility. "The Republic—it is our party"; and this great postulate gained, they strode with hasty logic through the necessary deductions, and with a shrewd practical philosophy, expressed the results of their "pure reason" in most definite and forcible action. Some guilty mind, capacious of such things, suggested the bold experiment of setting up for the suffrages of a free and enlightened people Democracy in the abstract, not embodied in any system of principles, nor yet shaped into any project of measures, not even incarnate in the form of any man. The omnipotence of the "popular element" was to be illustrated and established beyond all cavil, for out of nothing it should create something:—the right and the capacity of the people to choose their own rulers were to be vindicated by the extremest test—requiring them to vote for nobody knew whom, for nobody knew what, and as nobody knew why.

The first great step in reducing this novel plan to practice, was the summary disposition which was made of Mr Van Buren by the Nominating Convention,