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1922 Encyclopædia Britannica/Round, John Horace

ROUND, JOHN HORACE (1854 –), English historian, only son of John Round, lord of the manor of West Bergholt in Essex, and through his mother grandson of Horace Smith, author of Rejected Addresses, was born at Brighton on Feb. 22 1854. He was educated privately, afterwards going to Balliol College, Oxford, where he took a first-class in modern history. The teaching of Dr. Stubbs, then Regius Professor of History, greatly stimulated the young student, whose independent and critical genius had already begun to revolt against the superficial methods of historical study traditional in the English schools, and after a few years he devoted himself to historical research. His own aim as a historian, as stated by himself, was “to add to or correct our knowledge of facts” (preface to Feudal England), and from the first he insisted that students of mediaeval history must go to the records in order to find evidence to supplement and check the chroniclers on whom historians of the type of Freeman had too exclusively relied. In 1883 he published in the Antiquary a criticism of Brewer's introduction to the Book of Howth (Rolls Series), in which he proved that the author was “strangely at fault” in his views on its authorship, its origin and its contents; and three years later, in his Early Life of Anne Boleyn, he again pointed out errors “on the simplest matters of fact” made by the same eminent scholar. In 1884-5 he published in a magazine articles on “The Origins of the House of Lords” (reprinted in Peerage and Pedigree, 1910), in which he argued for “that feudal origin of the House which, in view of the teaching of Freeman and Stubbs, it was, at that time, heresy to assert.” In 1888 appeared his edition of Ancient Charters, Royal and Private, prior to 1200 (Pipe Roll Soc. vol. x.), in the preface to which he pointed out their use for genealogy, topography, legal and ecclesiastical antiquities, etc. In 1891 appeared his Introduction of Knight-service into England (privately printed, reprinted in Feudal England, 1895), in which he proved the entirely Norman and feudal origin of this institution (see the article by Round in the E.B. ).

In 1892 he published in the Quarterly Review (vol. 175, No. 349) his famous attack on Freeman's historical method. He accused him of working as a historian “not from manuscripts, but from printed books,” and pointed out “the danger to our national school of history in the wide-spread and almost superstitious belief in his unimpeachable authority.” This authority he proceeded to assail, centring his attack on that “palisade” of solid timber which, in his Norman Conquest, Freeman had imaginatively built round the English host at “Senlac,” and proving that this palisade had as little existence as “Senlac” itself (see E.B. note). Round had begun openly to attack Freeman as early as 1882, but the fact that the Quarterly article, though written before Freeman's death, did not appear till afterwards excited unjust comment, and blinded the dead historian's friends to the convincing force of the criticism itself. The long and bitter controversy that followed was summed up by Round in “Mr. Freeman and the Battle of Hastings” in Feudal England. In 1892 also appeared Geoffrey de Mandeville, a study of the anarchy under Stephen, which established the author's reputation as a constructive historian. In Feudal England, which appeared in 1895, Round published in collected form some of the results of his researches into the history of the 11th and 12th centuries, the first part of the book setting forth views as revolutionary on the Domesday side and the whole system of land

assessment as on the actual introduction of the feudal system into England. In 1899 was published his Calendar of Documents preserved in France illustrative of the history of Great Britain and Ireland, vol. i., pp. 918-1206, and also another collected series of studies under the title of The Commune of London. In the following year he published his Studies in Peerage and Family History, and at the Congress of Archaeological Studies he read a paper (subsequently published) on “the systematic study of our English place-names,” in which he again pointed out the impossibility of accomplishing any scientific work in the department of research until the place-names of England had been classified and traced to their origins.

Round's vast and detailed knowledge of the periods which he had made his own led to his opinion being sought by successive law officers of the Crown charged with the conduct of peerage cases brought before the House of Lords. His attention was thus drawn to peerage law, and he soon discovered that there “was room for its treatment on fresh and historical lines.” In 1910 he published Peerage and Pedigree, containing studies on peerage law and its problems, in which incidentally he attacked “the muddle of the law,” pointing out that the lawyer, whose vision is bounded by his “books,” is still in the Middle Ages, while the historian is a man of science. Although the labour involved in these peerage cases was immense, Round refused to accept any remuneration; in 1912, however, his services were publicly recognized by the creation in his favour of the new office of Honorary Adviser to the Crown in Peerage Cases. His passion for historic truth led him to wage ruthless war on the “pedigree-mongers,” whom he attacked with mordant wit (see, e.g. in Peerage and Pedigree, “Some 'Saxon' Houses,” “The Great Carington Imposture”), and on those who were attempting to give a false value to the possession of coats-of-arms (ibid. “Heraldry and the Gent”). Occasionally he extended the range of his attacks, falling, for instance, upon those who, consciously or unconsciously, falsified history in the interests of particular political or religious opinions (e.g. “The Elizabethan Religion, in correction of Mr. George Russell,” Nineteenth Century, vol. xli., p. 191).

History on a large scale Round never attempted. His books are all collections of particular studies, and they represent but a tithe of his published work. He edited, with prefaces, a whole series of the Pipe Rolls; he was a frequent contributor to the English Historical Review; he helped to edit the Ancestor, for which he also wrote; and innumerable papers by him are scattered in various historical and archaeological journals and reviews. In 1913 he had begun to prepare a catalogue of these scattered works, but in 1921 this had not yet been published. Round's historical method—reaching conclusions by induction from isolated facts whose connexion he had in turn to prove— prevented his becoming a popular writer; but his style is always luminously clear, and the articles contributed by him to this Encyclopaedia (,, , , , , , the families of and , etc.) are excellent examples of his capacity for concise statement.


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1896. along the centres of Carntyne Boad and Duke Street to High Street; thence southwards along the centre of High Street to the Cross of Glasgow, the point first described.

The area within a line beginning at a point in the centre of Buchanan Street opposite the centre of Cathedral Street, and thence proceeding eastwards along the centre of Cathedral Street to John Street; thence southwards along the centre of John Street to Bottenrow; thence eastwards along the centre of Bottenrow to the centre of the line of High Street and Castle Street; thence southwards along the centre of High Street to Duke Street, thence eastwards along the centre of Duke Street to Carntyne Road, and continuing eastwards along the centre of Carntyne Bead till it is intersected by the parliamentary boundary of the city; thence north-westwards, northwards, westwards, and north-westwards along said parliamentary boundary till it joins the boundary of the Ancient Royalty, near Garngad Road; thence northwards and westwards along that boundary till it intersects Saracen Street; thence southwards along the centres of Saracen Street and Craighall Road to the canal at a point in the centre of same opposite the northern end of Ann Street; thence eastwards along the centre of the canal to a point opposite the stair leading from canal bank to Port Dundas Road; then southwards along the centre of said stair and along the centres of Port Dundas Boad and Buchanan Street to the point first described.

The area within a line beginning at a point in the centre of the River Clyde immediately opposite the centre of the River Kelvin, and thence proceeding eastwards along the centre of the River Clyde to the centre line of Victoria Bridge; thence northwards along the centre of the said bridge, Stockwell Street, and Glassford Street, to the centre of Ingram Street; thence eastwards along the centre of Ingram Street to a point opposite the centre of John Street; thence northwards along the centre of John Street to the centre of Cathedral Street; thence westwards along the centre of Cathedral Street to the centre of Buchanan Street; thence northwards along the centre of Buchanan Street to a point opposite the centre of Renfrew Street; thence westwards along the centre of Renfrew Street to the centre of Scott Street; thence southwards along the centre of Scott Street to the centre of Sauchiehall Street: thence westwards along the centre of Sauchiehall Street to the centre of Kelvingrove Street; thence southwards along the centre of Kelvingrove Street to the centre of Dumbarton Road; thence westwards along the centre of Dumbarton Road to the municipal boundary line of the city in the centre of the bridge over the River Kelvin; thence southwards along the centre of that river to the centre of the River Clyde at the point first described.

The area within a line beginning at the centre of the bridge over the River Kelvin on the New Dumbarton Boad, where the same intersects the centre of that river, and thence proceeding eastwards along the centre of said bridge and Dumbarton Boad to a point opposite the centre of Kelvingrove Street; thence northwards along the centre of Kelvingrove Street to

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256 the centre of Sauchiehall Street; thence eastwards along the centre of Sauchiehall Street to the centre of Scott Street; thence northwards along the centre of Scott Street to the centre of Renfrew Street; thence eastwards along the centre of Renfrew Street to the centre of Buchanan Street; thence northwards along the centres of Buchanan Street, Port Dundas Road, and the stair leading from Port Dundas Road to the canal; thence westwards along the centre of said canal to a point in the centre of the bridge across the canal opposite the northern end of Ann Street; thence northwards along the centre of said bridge, Craighall Road, and Saracen Street, till it reaches the parliamentary boundary of the city; thence westwards along the parliamentary boundary till it reaches the canal; thence northwards, westwards, southwards, westwards, southwards, and south-eastwards along the parliamentary boundary till it reaches the point in the centre of the River Kelvin first described.

The area within a line beginning at a point in the centre of the River Clyde immediately opposite the centreline of Thistle Street, and proceeding thence southwards along the centre of Thistle Street to the centre line of Caledonia Road; thence eastwards along the centre of Caledonia Road to the centre line of Crown Street; thence southwards along the centre of Crown Street and Cathcart Boad to a point where the said road is intersected by the southern parliamentary boundary of the city; thence following the said boundary line in a westerly, southerly, westerly, south-westerly, westerly, northerly, and north-westerly direction until it reaches the centre of the River Clyde; thence eastwards along the centre of that river till it reaches the point therein first described.

In the first place, the area within a line beginning at a point in the centre of Albert Bridge, where the same intersects the centre of the Biver Clyde, northwards along the centre of that bridge, Saltmarket and High Street, to a point opposite the centre of Rottenrow; thence westwards along the centre of Rottenrow to the centre of John Street; thence southwards along the centre of John Street to the centre of Ingram Street; thence westwards along the centre of Ingram Street to a point opposite the centre of Glassford Street; thence southwards along the centres of Glassford Street, Stockwell Street, and the line of Victoria Bridge to a point where the same intersects the centre of the River Clyde; thence eastwards along the centre of the River Clyde to the centre of the line of Albert Bridge, the point first described. And, in the second place, the area within a line beginning at a point in the centre of the River Clyde immediately opposite the centre line of Thistle Street; southwards along the centre of Thistle Street to the centre of Caledonia Road; thence eastwards along the centre of Caledonia Road to the centre of Crown Street; thence southwards along the centres of Crown Street and Cathcart Road to a point where the said road is intersected by the southern parliamentary boundary of the city; thence following the said boundary in an easterly, westerly, and northerly direction till it reaches the centre of the River Clyde; thence along the centre of the River Clyde in a westerly, northerly, and westerly direction, until it reaches the point therein opposite the centre of Thistle Street first described.


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1896.

An Act to amend the Fisheries Acts relating to Norfolk and Suffolk. [20th July 1896.]

E it enacted by the Queen's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:

1.—(1.) The Board of Trade may, if they think fit, by certificate into any fishery district or districts, or add to any existing or future district, all or any part of the River Great Ouse and its Norfolk and tributaries, and of the rivers and streams which flow into the sea north of Landguard Point and south of the coastguard station of Covehithe, both in the county of Suffolk, together with such waters, estuaries, and portions of the coast and sea as may be declared by any such certificate to belong to any district formed or enlarged thereby, and may by any such certificate fix the number of conservators to be appointed as a board, and the number of members of the board to be appointed by each county in the district, and make such other arrangements as may seem to the Board of Trade necessary or proper in connexion with the formation or enlargement of the district.

(2.) On the issue of a certificate under this section, the provisions of the and of section eight of the, shall cease to apply within the district formed or enlarged by the certificate, and the provisions of the Salmon and Freshwater Fisheries Acts, 1861 to 1892, shall apply therein as if no part of the district were included in the counties of Norfolk and Suffolk, and the district so formed or enlarged shall for all purposes be deemed to be a district formed under the provisions of the said Salmon and Freshwater Fisheries Acts.

(3.) On the issue of a certificate under this section the certificate of the formation of the Norfolk and Suffolk Fishery District, dated the twenty-seventh day of October, one thousand eight hundred and eighty-seven, shall cease to have effect within the area to which the new certificate applies, so, however, that nothing in this section shall affect the validity of anything done or suffered under the certificate, and that all proceedings under the certificate and pending at the date of the issue of the new certificate may be carried on and completed as if the old certificate were in force.

(4.) Any byelaws made under the Salmon and Freshwater Fisheries Acts, 1861 to 1892, or any of them, or under the Norfolk and Suffolk Fisheries Act, 1877, and in force within any area formed into or added to a fishery district by any such certificate at the date of the issue thereof, shall, notwithstanding any limitation of time for the continuance of any such byelaw, continue to be in force within that area until repealed by the board of conservators of the district so formed or enlarged, and that board may, if it thinks fit, repeal any such byelaws in manner provided for the repeal of byelaws made under the


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1901 supplement/Andrews, Thomas


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1901 supplement/Angas, George French


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258 2. This Act shall be read with the Salmon and Freshwater Fisheries Acts, 1861 to 1892.

3. This Act may be cited as the Fisheries (Norfolk and Suftolk) Act, 1896.

An Act to make further Provision with respect to Epidemic, Eudemic, and Infectious Diseases, and to repeal the Acts relating to Quarantine. [7th August 1896.]

E it enacted by the Queen's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows :

1.—(1.) Regulations of the Local Governmment Board made in pursuance of section one hundred and thirty or section one hundred and thirty-four of the Public Health Act, 1875, or in pursuance of either of those sections, as extended to London by the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, may provide for such regulations being enforced and executed by the officers of Customs and the officers and men employed in the Coastguard as well as by other authorities and officers, and without prejudice to the generality of the powers conferred by those sections may provide for —

(a) the signals to be hoisted by vessels having any case of epidemic, endemic, or infectious disease on board ; and

(b) the questions to be answered by masters, pilots, and other persons on board any vessel as to cases of such disease on board during the voyage or on the arrival of the vessel ; and

(c) the detention of vessels and of persons on board vessels; and

(d) the duties to be performed in cases of such disease by masters, pilots, and other persons on board vessels.

(2.) Provided that the regulations shall be subject to the consent —

(a) so far as they apply to the officers of Customs, of the Commissioners of Her Majesty's Customs ; and

(b) so far ns they apply to officers or men employed in the Coastguard, of the Admiralty ; and

(c) so far as they apply to signals, of the Board of Trade.

(3.) If any person wilfully neglects or refuses to obey or carry out, or obstructs the execution of, any regulation made under section one hundred and thirty or section one hundred and thirty-four of the Public Health Act, 1875, or in pursuance of either of those sections as extended to London by the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, and as amended by this Act, he shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding one hundred pounds, and in the case of a continuing offence to a further penalty not exceeding fifty pounds


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1901 supplement/Anning, Mary


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1896.  for every day during which the offence continues ; and any such penalty, if not recovered under the provisions of the Acts relating to public health, shall be recoverable by action on behalf of the Crown in the High Court

2: The powers exercisable by Her Majesty in Council or any two of the Lords of Her Majesty's Privy Council under section two hundred and thirty-four of the Customs Consolidation Act, 1876, shall be exercisable by the Local Government Board, and accordingly in that section the words " the Local Government Board " shall be substituted for the words " Her Majesty in Council or any two Lords of Her Majesty's Privy Council."

3—(1.) This Act shall apply to Scotland with the following modifications:-

(a.) References to the Local Government Board shall be construed as references to the Local Government Board, for Scotland, and references to the High Court as references to the Court of Session ;

(b.) References to sections one hundred and thirty and one hundred and thirty-four of the Public Health Act, 1876, shall be construed as references to this section.

(2.) Whenever any part of the United Kingdom appears to be threatened with or is affected by any epidemic, endemic, or infectious disease, the Local Government Board for Scotland shall, without the issue of an order by the Secretary for Scotland, have the powers set forth in section thirty-two of the Public Health (Scotland) Act, 1867, and power to issue regulations under section thirty-three of that Act ; and any such regulations shall, for the purposes of sections thirty-seven and thirty-eight of that Act, have the same effect as the Orders of Council referred to in those sections.

4. In the application of this Act to Ireland —

(a.) References to the Local Government Board shall be construed as references to the Local Government Board for Ireland ; (b.) References to sections one hundred and thirty and one hundred and thirty-four of the Public Health Act, 1875, shall be construed as references to sections one hundred and forty-eight and one hundred and forty-nine of the Public Health (Ireland) Act, 1878.

5. In the making of the regulations referred to in this Act Regulations regard shall be had to the expediency of uniform regulations throughout the whole of the United Kingdom.

6. The enactments relating to quarantine mentioned in the schedule to this Act, and the other enactments therein mentioned, shall be repealed, as to the whole of the British Islands, to the extent appearing in the third column of that schedule.

7.This Act shall come into operation on the expiration of three months from the passing thereof.

8. This Act may be cited as the Public Health Act, 1896.


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260


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1896.

  An Act to amend the Public Health Act with respect to the Powers of Port Sanitary Authorities. [7th August 1896.]

E it enacted by the Queen's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:

1. The Local Government Board may by order assign to any port sanitary authority any powers, rights, duties, capacities, and obligations under the Infectious Disease Prevention Act, 1890 {{RL sidenote|53 & 54 Vict. c. 34., with the necessary modifications.

{{RL sidenote|Short title and construction.}}2. This Act may be cited as the Public Health (Ports) Act, 1896, and shall be construed an one with the Public Health Act, 1875.

 {{c|{{x-larger|CHAPTER 21.}}}} {{larger|An Act to amend the Procedure of the Liverpool Court of Passage.}} {{right|{{larger|[7th August 1896.]}}}}

{{di|W}}HEREAS it is expedient that suitors in the Court of Passage in the city of Liverpool should be enabled to appeal from orders made, and decisions and directions given, by the registrar, notwithstanding the absence of the presiding judge of that  {{sidenotes end}}


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262 Court; and that further provisions should be made with regard to the jurisdiction of the Court :

Be it therefore enacted by the Queen's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows :

1. This Act may be cited as the Liverpool Court of Passage Act, 1896.

2.If and whenever, at any time after the passing of this Act, the presiding judge of the Court of Passage shall, with the sanction of the authority for the time being empowered to make Rules for the Supreme Court, adopt and apply to the Court of Passage any of the Rules of the Supreme Court, an appeal from any orders made and decisions and directions given by the registrar of the Court under such rules shall be to the presiding judge, and the said authority may by rule provide, in such cases as they may think fit, that, if the presiding judge at the time when such appeal is ready for hearing shall not then be holding a court in the city of Liverpool, the appeal shall be to a judge of the High Court at Chambers, sitting either in London or Liverpool, and such appeal shall be subject to the same rules, regulations, and provisions, as are applicable to an appeal from a district registrar of the Supreme Court.

3.Where any action shall be brought in the Court of Passage which could have been brought in a county court, whereby a less sum than ten pounds is recovered, the plaintiff shall not recover from the defendant a greater amount of costs than he would have been allowed if the action had been brought in a county court.

4.Where in any action of contract brought in the Court of Passage the claim endorsed on the writ is for a less sum than ten pounds, or where such claim, though it originally exceeded ten pounds, is reduced by payment, an admitted set-off, or otherwise, to a less sum than ten pounds, it shall be lawful for either party to the action, if the whole or part of the demand of the plaintiff be contested, to apply to the presiding judge or registrar of the Court at Chambers to order such action to be tried in any county court in which the action might have been tried, and on the hearing of the application the presiding judge or registrar shall order such action to be tried accordingly, and thereupon the plaintiff shall lodge the original writ and the order with the registrar of the county court mentioned in the order, who shall appoint a day for the trial of the action, notice whereof shall be sent by post or otherwise by the registrar of the county court to both parties or their solicitors, and the action and all proceedings therein shall be tried and taken in such county court as if the action had been originally commenced therein.


text: Dictionary of National Biography, 1901 supplement/Gladstone, William Ewart


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1896.

An Act to exempt certain Chairmen of District Councils who have already taken the Oath from again taking the Oath before acting as Justices of the Peace. [7th August 1896.]

E it enacted by the Queen's mast Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:

1. A chairman of a district council who has been re-elected to that office on the expiration or other determination of a previous term of office may continue to act as a justice of the peace without again taking the oaths mentioned in section twenty-two of the Local Government Act, 1894.

2. This Act may be cited as the Chairmen of District Councils Act, 1896.

An Act for the acquisition of a Site for Public Offices in Westminster, and for purposes connected therewith. [7th August 1896.]

HEREAS it is expedient to provide a site for new public offices in Westminster, and to improve the approaches to the Houses of Parliament:

And whereas for that purpose it is expedient that the Commissioners of Works (in this Act called the Commissioners) should be empowered to acquire certain land and buildings situated in the parish of St. Margaret, Westminster, in the county of London:

And whereas these lands and buildings cannot be acquired without the authority of Parliament:

And whereas duplicate plans (in this Act referred to as the deposited plans) describing the situation of the land proposed to be acquired, with the houses and buildings thereon, with a book of reference thereto (in this Act referred to as the deposited book of Reference), containing the names of the owners and lessees, or reputed owners and lessees, and of the occupiers thereof, have been deposited with the clerk of the London County Council:

Be it therefore enacted by the Queen's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:

1. The Commissioners may purchase and acquire for the purposes of this Act all or any of the lands delineated on the deposited plans and described in the deposited book of reference.

2.—(1.) For the purpose of the purchase and acquisition of land under this Act the Lands Clauses Acts shall, subject to the


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{{rh|264|{{sc|Ch.}} 23.|Public Offices {Westminster) Site Act, 1896||59 &60 {{sc|Vict}}}}{{sidenotes begin}} provisions of this Act, be incorporated with this Act, with the following exceptions and modifications: —

(a.) The provisions relating to the sale of superfluous land and access to the special Act and section one hundred and thirty-three of the Lands Clauses Consolidation Act, 1845 (relating to land tax and poor rate) shall not be incorporated with this Act:

(b.) In the construction of this Act, and of the incorporated Acts, this Act shall be deemed to be the "special Act," and the Commissioners shall be deemed to be the " promoters of the undertaking:"

(c.) The bond required by section eighty-five of the Lands Clauses Consolidation Act, 1845, shall be under the common seal of the Commissioners, and shall be sufficient without the addition of the sureties mentioned in that section:

(d.) All claims for compensation made upon the Commissioners under this Act, or any Act incorporated herewith, shall, if the person claiming has no greater interest in the land in respect of which compensation is claimed, than as tenant from year to year, or as a leaseholder for any term of which not more than eighteen months remain unexpired at the time at which the claim is made, be determined in manner provided by section one hundred and twenty-one of the Lands Clauses Consolidation Act, 1845.

(2.) The powers of the Commissioners for the compulsory purchase of land under this Act shall cease after the expiration of three years from the passing of this Act.

3. So much of the land delineated on the deposited plans and described in the deposited book of reference as is at the passing of this Act vested in the Commissioners for the purposes of the Westminster Bridge Act, 1853, and shall be required by the Commissioners for the purposes of this Act, shall by virtue of this Act, vest in the Commissioners for the purposes of this Act.

4. Any of the land acquired by or vested in the Commissioners under this Act which is subject to land tax at the time it is acquired or vested shall continue so subject.

Provided that if the Commissioners redeem the land tax on land which is acquired or vested under this Act and is made a highway repairable by the inhabitants at large, no sum shall be assessed or charged in respect of land tax on any land which is acquired or vested under this Act, and is at the time of the acquisition or vesting a highway so repairable.

5.—(1.) All rights of way, rights of laying down or of continuing any pipes, sewers, or drains, on, through, or under any of the land acquired by or vested in the Commissioners under the provisions of this Act, and all other rights and easements in or relating to that land, shall be extinguished, and all the soil of those ways, and the property in the pipes, sewers, and drains, shall vest in the Commissioners.


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1896. (2.) Provided that any persons may recover from the Commissioners such compensation (if any) as they may be entitled to under any of the provisions of the Lands Clauses Acts for any rights or property of which they may be deprived in pursuance of this section, and the amount of that compensation shall be determined in manner provided by the Lands Clauses Acts as modified for the purpose of their incorporation with this Act.

6. Nothing in this Act shall affect any rights or jurisdiction for the London County Council in relation to any sewers, drains, or watercourses.

7.The Commissioners and their surveyors, officers, and workmen may at ail reasonable time in the daytime, on giving twenty-four hours notice in writing, enter on any of the land which the Commissioners are authorised to acquire under this Act for the purpose of surveying or valuing the land.

8. The Commissioners may erect all such buildings, execute all such works, and do all such other things as may in their opinion be necessary or proper for the purpose of providing new public offices on the land acquired or vested in them under this Act, or of improving the approaches to the Houses of Parliament, and appropriating any such land for any of those purposes.

9. The London County Council and the Vestry of St. Margaret and St. John Westminster may agree with the Commissioners to undertake the execution of anything authorised to be done by the Council and Commissioners under this Act, or to contribute towards the expense thereof, and any money required for any expenses incurred in pursuance of any such agreement may be raised (if necessary by of works, borrowing) in the case of the London County Council provided by the Local Government Act, 1888, and any Act amending that Act, and in the case of the Vestry in manner provided by the Metropolis Management Acts, 1855 to 1890.

10.—(1.) Where, in the removal or pulling down of any buildings or in raising or lowering the ground of any street or way for the purpose of this Act, it is necessary to raise, sink, or otherwise electricity alter the position relatively to the surface of the ground of any companies pipe, wire, or other apparatus laid down or used by any gas, water, or electricity company, or connected with any house or building for the supply of gas, water, or electricity,

(a) one month's notice shall be given t«> the company previously to the commencement of any such work ; and

(b) the work shall be executed to the reasonable satisfaction of the engineer of the company, or in case of difference of an engineer to be selected by the Board of Trade ; and

(c) every such work shall be so executed as to cause as little inconvenience as circumstances will admit to the company ; and

(d) the Commissioners shall make compensation to the company for all loss or damage, if any, which may be occasioned by the, execution of any of the works authorised by this Act.


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266 (2.) For the purposes of this section the expression "gas, water, or electricity company" includes any person or body of persons supplying gas, water, or electricity.

11. Any building erected by the Commissioners under the powers of this Act opposite the back of the building of the Institution of Civil Engineers shall be distant at least fifty feet from such building, and shall not exceed eighty feet in height from the ground level, and shall be faced with glazed bricks of a colour to be approved by the Institution of Civil Engineers. Access to Boar's Head Yard from Delahay Street for pedestrians and vehicles shall be preserved by the Commissioners.

12.—(1.) All expenses incurred by the Commissioners under this Act shall be defrayed out of money provided by Parliament.

(2.) The provisions of the Commissioners of Works Act, 1852, and any Act amending that Act, shall apply in the case of the acquisition of land by the Commissioners under this Act in like manner as in the case of a purchase under that Act, and any notice, summons, writ, or other document required to be given, issued, or signed, by or on behalf of the Commissioners may be given, issued, or signed by the secretary or assistant secretary of the Commissioners and need not be under their common seal.

13. If any person wilfully obstructs any person acting under the authority of the Commissioners in the lawful exercise of the powers vested in them under this Act, he shall for each offence be liable, on summary conviction, to a fine not exceeding five pounds.

14. This Act may be cited as the Public Offices (Westminster) Site Act, 1896.

  An Act for the Acquisition of Property for the Extension of the General Beglster House at Edinburgh. [7th August 1896.]

HEREAS it is expedient to provide further accommodation for the business of the Sasine Office and other public departments carried on at the General Register House situate at Princes Street in the city of Edinburgh:

And whereas for that purpose it is expedient that the Commissioners of Works should be empowered to acquire certain land and buildings situated in the city parish of the said city of Edinburgh:

And whereas those lands and buildings cannot be acquired without the authority of Parliament:

And whereas duplicate plans (in this Act referred to as the deposited plans) describing the situation of the land proposed to be acquired, with the houses and buildings thereon, with a book of reference thereto containing the names of the owners and lessees or reputed owners and lessees, and of the occupiers thereof, have been deposited with the principal sheriff clerk of the county of


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1896. Midlothian, and also with the principal sheriff clerk of the county of the city of Edinburgh:

Be it therefore enacted by the Queen's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:

1. The Commissioners may purchase and acquire for the purposes Power to of this Act all or any of the lands delineated on the deposited plans purchase land, and described in the deposited books of reference.

2.—(1.) For the purpose of the purchase and acquisition of land Incorporation under this Act the Lands Clauses Acts shall, subject to the provisions of this Act, be incorporated with this Act with the following exceptions and modifications:—

(a.) The provisions relating to the sale of superfluous land and access to the special Act shall not be incorporated with this Act: (b.) In the construction of this Act, and of the incorporated Acts, this Act shall be deemed to be the "special Act," and the Commissioners shall be deemed to be the " promoters of the undertaking ":

(c.) The bond required by section eighty-four of the Lands Clauses Consolidation (Scotland) Act, 1845, shall be under the common seal of the Commissioners, and shall be sufficient without the addition of the securities mentioned in that section:

(d.) All claims for compensation made upon the Commissioners under this Act, or any Act incorporated herewith, shall, if the person claiming has no greater interest in the land in respect of which compensation is claimed, than as tenant from year to year, or as a leaseholder for any term of which not more than eighteen months remain unexpired at the time at which the claim is made, be determined in manner provided by section one hundred and fourteen of the Lands Clauses Consolidation (Scotland) Act, 1845

(2.) The powers of the Commissioners for the compulsory purchase of land under this Act shall cease after the expiration of three years from the passing of this Act.

3. All rights of way, rights of laying down or of continuing Extinction of any pipes, sewers, or drains, on, through, or under any of the lands acquired by or vested in the Commissioners under the provisions of this Act, and all other rights and servitude in or relating to such lands shall be extinguished, and all the soil of such ways, and the property in the pipes, sewers, and drains shall vest in the Commissioners:

Provided that any person may recover from the Commissioners such compensation (if any) as they may be entitled to under any of the provisions of the Lands Clauses Acts for any rights or property of which they may be deprived in pursuance of this section, and the amount of that compensation shall be determined in manner


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268 provided by the Lands Clauses Acts as modified for the purpose of their incorporation with this Act:

Provided also, that with respect to any pipes, sewers, drains, or electric lighting distributing mains or service lines belonging to the Corporation of Edinburgh, the Edinburgh and District Water Trustees, and the Edinburgh and Leith Corporations Gas Commissioners respectively, within any such lands, the Commissioners shall, before they interfere with any such pipes, sewers, drains, mains, or lines, or interrupt the flow of sewage, water, gas, or electricity therein, as the case may be, give at least one month's previous written notice of their intention to the town clerk of Edinburgh, the clerk to the said Water Trustees, and the clerk to the said Gas Commissioners respectively, and the owners respectively of the said pipes, sewers, drains, mains, and lines may, at the expense of the Commissioners, remove the same and provide such new pipes, sewers, drains, mains, and lines as they may respectively consider necessary, or otherwise do everything they may deem requisite for protecting the flow of sewage, water, gas, or electricity, as the case may be.

4. The Commissioners and their surveyors, officers, and workmen may at all reasonable time in the daytime, on giving twenty-four hours notice in writing, enter on any of the land which the Commissioners are authorised to acquire under this Act for the purpose of surveying or valuing the same.

5. The Commissioners, after they have obtained possession of any land which they are authorised to acquire under this Act, may erect all such buildings, execute all such works, and do all such other things, as may in their opinion be necessary or proper for the purpose of providing accommodation for the business of the Sasine Office and other public departments, and appropriating any such land for that accommodation*

6.—}(1-) All expenses incurred by the Commissioners shall be defrayed out of money provided by Parliament.

(2.) The provisions of the Commissioners of Works Act, 1852, and any Act amending that Act shall apply in the case of the acquisition of land by the Commissioners under this Act in like manner as in the case of a purchase under that Act, and any land acquired by the Commissioners under this Act, or acquired by them before the passing of this Act for the extension of the General Register House at Edinburgh, shall be held by the Commissioners for the public service in like manner as if those lands had been purchased under the Commissioners of Works Act, 1852.

7. Any notice, summons, writ, or other document required to be notices. given, issued, or signed by or on behalf of the Commissioners may be given, issued, or signed by the secretary or assistant secretary of the Commissioners and need not be under their common seal

8. This Act may be cited as the Edinburgh General Register House Act, 1896.


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1896 An Act to consolidate the Law relating to Friendly and other Societies. [7th August 1896.]

E it enacted by the Queen's most Excellent Majesty, by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority of the same, as follows:

1.—(1.) There shall continue to be a chief registrar of friendly societies (in this Act called "the chief registrar"), and one or more assistant registrars of friendly societies for England (in this Act called "assistant registrars for England"), and the chief registrar and assistant registrars for England shall continue to constitute the central office of the registry of friendly societies.

(2.) There shall continue to be an assistant registrar of friendly societies for Scotland (in this Act called assistant registrar for Scotland"), and an assistant registrar of friendly societies for Ireland (in this Act called "assistant registrar for Ireland").

(3.) Every chief registrar and assistant registrar shall be Appointed by and shall hold his office during the pleasure of the Treasury.

(4.) The chief registrar shall be a barrister of not less than twelve years standing, and one at least of the assistant registrars for England, and the assistant registrar for Ireland, shall be a barrister or solicitor of not less than seven years standing, and the assistant registrar for Scotland shall be an advocate, writer to the signet, or solicitor of not less than seven years standing.

(5.) The central office may, with the approval of the Treasury, have attached to it such assistants skilled in the business of an actuary and an accountant as may be required for discharging the duties imposed on the office by this Act.

2.—(1.) The central office shall continue to exercise the functions Functions of and powers formerly vested—

(a) as respects trade unions, in the registrar of friendly societies in England; and

(b) as respects building societies, in the registrar of building societies in England; and

(c) as respects unincorporated benefit building societies, loan societies, and societies instituted for purposes of science literature or the fine arts, in the barristers appointed to certify the rules of savings banks or friendly societies,

and shall be entitled to receive all fees payable to those registrars and barristers; and all enactments relating to those registrars and


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270 barristers shall, so far as respects trade unions and such societies as aforesaid, be construed as applying t6 the central office.

(2.) The central office shall, with the approval of the Treasury—

(a) prepare and cause to be circulated, for the use of societies, model forms of accounts, balance sheets, and valuations; and

(b) collect from the returns under this Act and from other sources, and publish and circulate, either generally, or in any particular district, or otherwise make known, such information on the subject of the statistics of life and sickness, and the application thereof to the business of friendly societies, and such particulars of their returns and valuations, and such other information useful to the members of or to persons interested in societies registered or capable of being registered under this Act, as the chief registrar may think fit; and

(c) cause to be constructed and published tables for the payment of sums of money on death, in sickness, or old Age, or on any other contingency forming the subject of an assurance authorised under this Act which may appear to be calculable: Provided that the adoption of the tables by a society shall be optional.

3.—(1.) The assistant registrars shall, except as in this Act provided, be subordinate to the chief registrar.

(2.) They shall, within the parts of the United Kingdom for which they are respectively appointed, exercise all functions and powers by this Act given to the registrar, and may also by the written authority of the chief registrar, exercise such of the functions and powers by this Act given to the chief registrar as he may delegate to them.

4—(1.) Subject to any regulations to be made under this Act, the assistant registrars for Scotland and Ireland respectively shall continue to exercise the functions and powers formerly vested—

(a) as respects trade unions, in the registrar of friendly societies in Scotland and Ireland; and

(b) as respects building societies, in the registrars of building societies in Scotland and Ireland; and

(c) as respects benefit building societies and societies instituted for purposes of science literature or the fine arts, in Scotland, in the Lord Advocate or his deputes appointed to certify the rules of any such societies, and, in Ireland, in any barristers appointed for the like purpose;

and shall be entitled to receive all fees payable to those registrars, the Lord Advocate or his deputes, and those barristers respectively; and all provisions in any Acts of Parliament relating to those persons respectively shall be construed as applying to those assistant registrars.

(2.) Subject as aforesaid, the assistant registrars for Scotland and Ireland shall—

(a) send to the central office copies of all such documents registered or recorded by them as the chief registrar may direct: and


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1896. (b) record such documents and matters as may be sent to them for record from the central office, and such other documents and matters as are in this Act required to be recorded: and

(c) circulate and publish, or transmit to or from societies registered in Scotland or Ireland respectively, from or to the central office, such information and documents relating to the purposes of this Act as the chief registrar may, with the approval of the Treasury, direct: and

(d) report their proceedings to the chief registrar as he may direct

(3.) An assistant registrar for Scotland or Ireland shall not refuse to record any rules or amendments of rules which have been registered by the central office.

5. The Treasury shall, out of money to be. provided by Parliament, pay to the chief and assistant registrars such salaries or expenses, other remunerations, and such sums of money for defraying the expenses of office rent, salaries of assistants, clerks, and servants, remuneration for actuaries, accountants, and inspectors, computation of tables, publication of documents, diffusion of information, expenses of prosecutions, travelling expenses and other allowances of the chief or any assistant registrar, and other expenses which may be incurred for carrying out the purposes of this Act, as the Treasury may allow.

6. The chief registrar shall every year make a report of his Report of the proceedings and of those of the assistant registrars, and of the principal matters transacted by him and them and of the valuations returned to or caused to be made by the registrar during the year preceding, and that report shall be laid before Parliament.

7. All documents by this Act required to be sent to the registrar shall be deposited with the rules of the societies to which the documents respectively relate, and shall be registered or recorded by the registrar, with such observations thereon, if any, as the chief registrar may direct.

8. The following societies may be registered under this Act: —

(1.) Societies (in this Act called friendly societies) for the purpose of providing by voluntary subscriptions of the members thereof with or without the aid of donations, for—

(a) the relief or maintenance of the members, their husbands, wives, children, fathers, mothers, brothers; or sisters, nephews or nieces, or wards being orphans, during sickness or other infirmity, whether bodily or mental, in old age (which shall mean any age after fifty) or in widowhood, or for the relief or maintenance of the orphan children, of members daring minority; or

(b) insuring money to be paid on the birth of a member's child, or on the death of a member, or for the funeral expenses of the husband, wife, or child of a member, or


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272 of the widow of a deceased member, or, as respects persons of the Jewish persuasion, for the payment of a sum of money during the period of confined mourning; or

(c) the relief or maintenance of the members when on travel in search of employment, or when in distressed circumstances, or in case of shipwreck, or loss or damage of or to boats or nets; or

(d) the endowment of members or nominees of members at any age; or

(e) the insurance against fire, to any amount not exceeding fifteen pounds, of the tools or implements of the trade or calling of the members.

Provided that a friendly society which contracts with any person for the assurance of an annuity exceeding fifty pounds per annum, or of a gross sum exceeding two hundred pounds, shall not be registered under this Act:

(2.) Societies (in this Act called cattle insurance societies) for the purpose of insurance to any amount against loss of neat cattle, sheep, lambs, swine, horses, and other animals by death from disease or otherwise:

(3.) Societies (in this Act called benevolent societies) for any benevolent or charitable purpose:

(4.) Societies (in this Act called working-men's clubs) for purposes of social intercourse, mutual helpfulness, mental and moral improvement, and rational recreation:

(5.) Societies (in this Act called specially authorised societies) for any purpose which the Treasury may authorise as a purpose to which the provisions of this Act, or such of them as are specified in the authority, ought to be extended.

Provided that where any provisions of this Act are so specified, those provisions only shall be so extended.

9.—(1.) A society shall not be registered under this Act unless registration, it consists of seven persons at least.

(2.) For the purpose of registry there shall be sent to the registrar an application to register the society, signed by seven members and the secretary, and copies of the rules, together with a list of the names of the secretary and of every trustee or other officer intended to be authorised to sue and be sued on behalf of the society.

(3.) The rules of the society so sent shall, according to the class in which the society is to be registered, contain provisions in respect of the several matters mentioned in the First Schedule to this Act

(4.) If the list is signed by the secretary and every trustee and other officer named therein, it shall on the registry of the society be evidence that the persons so named have been duly appointed.

10. A society shall not be registered under a name identical with that under which any other existing society is registered, or so nearly resembling that name as to be likely, or in any name


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1896. likely, in the opinion of the registrar, to deceive the members or the public as to its nature or its identity.

11. The registrar, on being satisfied that a society has complied with the provisions of this Act as to registry, shall issue to that society an acknowledgment of registry specifying the designation of the society, according to the classification set forth in this Act, and this acknowledgment shall be conclusive evidence that the society therein mentioned is duly registered, unless it is proved that the registry of the society has been suspended or cancelled.

12.—(1.) From a refusal to register a society an appeal shall lie Appeals from as follows:—

(a) if the assistant registrar for Scotland or for Ireland refuses to register, the society may appeal to the chief registrar, and if he refuses, to the Court of Session in Scotland, or to the High Court in Ireland:

(b) if the central office refuse, the society may appeal to the High Court in England.

(2.) If the refusal to register is overruled on appeal, the registrar shall give an acknowledgment of registry to the society.

13.—(1.) An amendment of a rule made by a registered society shall not be valid until the amendment has been registered under this Act, for which purpose copies of the amendment, signed by three members and the secretary, shall be sent to the registrar.

(2.) The registrar shall, on being satisfied that any amendment of a rule is not contrary to the provisions of this Act, issue to the society an acknowledgment of registry of the amendment, and that acknowledgment shall be conclusive evidence that the amendment duly registered.

(3.) The provisions of this Act as to appeals from a refusal to register a society shall apply to a refusal to register an amendment of a rule.

14.—(1.) A society carrying or intending to carry on business in more than one part of the United Kingdom shall be registered in the part in which its registered office is situate; but the rules and registered amendments of rules of any such society shall be more than one recorded by the registrars of the other parts, and for that purpose copies of the rules and amendments shall be sent to those registrars.

(2.) Until the rules are so recorded the society shall not be entitled to any of the privileges of this Act in the part of the United Kingdom in which the rules have not been recorded, and until the amendments of rules are recorded they shall not take effect in that part.

15. A society (other than a benevolent society or working-men's shall not be disentitled to registry by reason of any rule for or practice of dividing any part of the funds thereof if the rules of the society contain distinct provision for meeting all claims upon the society existing at the time of division before any such division takes place.


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274 16.A society assuring a certain annuity shall not be entitled to registry, unless the tables of contributions for the assurance, certified by the actuary to the National Debt Commissioners, or by some actuary approved by the Treasury, who has exercised the profession of actuary for at least five years, are sent to the registrar with the application for registry.

17.—(1.) Where a society has branches, the application for registry shall be accompanied with—

(a) a list of all the branches, and notice of the place where the registered office of each branch is situate; and

(b) if any branch is to have trustees or officers authorised to sue and be sued on its behalf, other than the trustees or officers authorised to sue and be sued on behalf of the society, a list of the names of all such trustees or officers, distinguishing the branches for which they are authorised to sue and be sued; and

(c) if the rules of all the branches (in this Act called branch rules) are or are intended to be identical, a statement to that effect, and copies of those rules; and

(d) if the branch rules are not or are not intended to be identical, a statement to that effect, and copies of all branch rules.

(2.) A society having a fund under the control of a central body to which every branch is bound to contribute may be registered as a single society, and where any such society has branches in more than one part of the United Kingdom the provision of this Act as to the registry of societies doing business in more than one such part shall apply to that society.

18.—(1.) There shall be sent under the hand of the -secretary of a registered society to the registrar —

(a) notice of the establishment of every new branch of the society; and

(b) notice of the place where the registered office of the branch is situate; and

(c) if the branch is to have trustees or officers authorised to sue and be sued on its behalf other than the trustees or officers authorised to sue and be sued on behalf of the society, a list of the names of such trustees or officers; and

(d) a statement whether or not the rules of the branch are identical with those of the other branches of the society, and, if not so, a copy of the rules of the branch.

(2.) Where the rules of the new branch are not. identical with those of the other branches of the society, the society shall not be entitled to any of the privileges of this Act in respect of that branch until that branch has been registered in the part, of the. United Kingdom, in which the registered office of the branch is to be situate.

19. The provisions of this Act as to —

(a) the acknowledgement of registry of societies and amendments of rules; and


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1896.
 * 2 Geo. 3. c. 27.
 * An Act the title of which begins with the words " An Act for enabling the Judges" and ends with the words "not exceeding Twenty Days."
 * 3 Geo. 3. c. 15.
 * An Act to prevent occasional Freemen from voting at Elections of Members to serve in Parliament for Cities and Boroughs.
 * 4 Geo. 3. c. 10.
 * An Act for the more easy Discharge of Recognizances estreated into His Majesty's Court of Exchequer.
 * 5 Geo. 3. c. 17.
 * An Act the title of which begins with the words "An Act to confirm all Leasee ", and ends with the words " and in arrear on Leases for Life or Lives.".
 * 5 Geo. 3. c. 26.
 * An Act the title of which begins with the words "An Act for carrying into execution" and ends with the words " therein particularly mentioned."
 * 5 Geo. 3. c. 49.
 * An Act to prevent the inconveniences arising from the present Method of issuing Notes and Bills by the Banks, Banking Companies, and Bankers, in that part of Great Britain called Scotland.
 * 6 Geo. 3. c. 12.
 * An Act for the letter securing the Dependency of His Majesty's Dominions in America upon the Crown and Parliament of Great Britain.
 * 6 Geo. 3. c. 58.
 * An Act the title of which begins with the words "An Act for altering the" Oath "and ends with the words "High Treason or Misprision of Treason."
 * 7 Geo. 3. c. 9.
 * An Act the title of which begins with the words "An Act for obviating Doubts" and ends with the words new Commission of the Peace."
 * 7 Geo. 3. c. 21.
 * An Act the title of which begins with the words "An Act to obviate Inconveniences" and ends with the words "qualified to act within the same."
 * }
 * 5 Geo. 3. c. 49.
 * An Act to prevent the inconveniences arising from the present Method of issuing Notes and Bills by the Banks, Banking Companies, and Bankers, in that part of Great Britain called Scotland.
 * 6 Geo. 3. c. 12.
 * An Act for the letter securing the Dependency of His Majesty's Dominions in America upon the Crown and Parliament of Great Britain.
 * 6 Geo. 3. c. 58.
 * An Act the title of which begins with the words "An Act for altering the" Oath "and ends with the words "High Treason or Misprision of Treason."
 * 7 Geo. 3. c. 9.
 * An Act the title of which begins with the words "An Act for obviating Doubts" and ends with the words new Commission of the Peace."
 * 7 Geo. 3. c. 21.
 * An Act the title of which begins with the words "An Act to obviate Inconveniences" and ends with the words "qualified to act within the same."
 * }
 * 7 Geo. 3. c. 9.
 * An Act the title of which begins with the words "An Act for obviating Doubts" and ends with the words new Commission of the Peace."
 * 7 Geo. 3. c. 21.
 * An Act the title of which begins with the words "An Act to obviate Inconveniences" and ends with the words "qualified to act within the same."
 * }
 * 7 Geo. 3. c. 21.
 * An Act the title of which begins with the words "An Act to obviate Inconveniences" and ends with the words "qualified to act within the same."
 * }
 * }


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1896. (b) appeals from refusals to register societies and amendments of rules and the result thereof; and

(c) the registry of amendments of rules; and

(d) evidence of registry and of the appointment of trustees and officers

shall apply to branches and amendments of branch rules.

20.—(1.) A body which has been registered as a branch of a Requisites for society shall not be registered as a society except on production to the registrar of a certificate under the hand of the chief secretary societies or other principal officer of the society of which it was a branch, that the body has wholly seceded or has been expelled from the society.

(2.) An appeal shall lie from the refusal of the chief secretary or other principal officer of the society, or his omission after three months from the receipt of a request in writing made on behalf of the body to grant a certificate, to the High Court in England or Ireland or to the Court of Session in Scotland.

21. A body which, having been a branch of a society, has wholly or been expelled from that society shall not thereafter use the name of that society or any name implying that it is a branch branch thereof, or the number by which it was designated as such branch.

22.—(1.) A registered society or branch may contribute to the Contributions funds and take part by delegates or otherwise in the government of any other registered society or registered branch of a society, as another, provided in the rules of that first-named society or branch, without becoming a branch under this Act of that other society or branch.

(2.) This section shall in respect of contributing to the funds and taking part in the government of a medical society, that is to say, a society for the purpose of relief in sickness by providing medical attendance and medicine, extend to any registered trade union or branch of a registered trade union.

(3.) A registered society or trade union or branch shall not withdraw from contributing to the funds of any such medical society except on three months notice to the society and on payment of all contributions accrued or accruing due to the date of the expiration of the notice.

23. Save as provided by section thirty-one of this Act, the subscription of a person being or having been a member of a registered society or branch shall not be recoverable at law.

24.—(1.) Every registered society and branch shall have a Registered registered office to which all communications and notices addressed, and shall send to the. registrar notice of the situation of that office, and of every change therein.

(2.) In the case of a branch the notice shall be sent to the registarar through an officer appointed in that behalf by the society of which the branch forms part.


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276 25.—(1.) Every registered society and branch shall have one or more trustees.

(2.) The trustees shall be appointed at a meeting of the society or branch, and by a resolution of a majority of the members present and entitled to vote thereat.

(3.) The society or branch shall send to the registrar a copy of every resolution appointing a trustee, signed by the trustee so appointed, and by the secretary of the society or branch.

(4.) The same person shall not be secretary or treasurer of a registered society or branch, and a trustee of that society or branch.

(5.) In the case of a branch the copy of the resolution shall be sent to the registrar through an officer appointed in that behalf by the society of which the branch forms part.

26.—(1.) Every registered society and branch shall once at least in every year submit its accounts for audit either to one of the public auditors appointed as in this Act mentioned, or to two or more persons appointed as the rules of the society or branch provide.

(2.) The auditors shall have access to all the books and accounts of the society or branch, and shall examine the annual return mentioned in this Act, and verify the annual return "with the accounts and vouchers relating thereto, and shall either sign the annual return as found by them to be correct, duly vouched, and in accordance with law, or specially report to the society or branch in what respects they find it incorrect, unvouched, or not in accordance with law.

27.—(1.) Every registered society and branch shall once in every year, not later than the thirty-first day of May, send to the registrar a return (in this Act called the annual return) of the receipts and expenditure, funds, and effects of the society or branch as audited.

(2.) The annual return must —

(a) show separately the expenditure in respect of the several objects of the society or branch; and

(b) be made out to the thirty-first day of December then last inclusively; and

(c) state whether the audit has been conducted by a public auditor appointed as by this Act provided, and by whom, and, if by persons other than a public auditor, state the name, address, and calling or profession of every such person, and the manner in which, and the authority under which, he is appointed.

(3.) The society or branch shall, together with the annual return, send a copy of any special report of the auditors.

(4.) In the case of a branch the annual return shall be sent to the registrar through an officer appointed in that behalf by the society of which the branch forms part.


text: A Book of the Pyrenees/Chapter 8

title: A Book of the Pyrenees/Chapter 8


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32
 * 7 Geo. 3. c. 38.
 * An Act to amend and render more effectual an Act made in the Eighth Year of the Reign of King George the Second, for Encouragement of the Arte of Designing, Engraving, and Etching Historical and other Prints . . . ..
 * 7 Geo. 3. c. 48.
 * An Act the title of which begins with the words "An Act for regulating" and ends with the words "in their respective General Courts."
 * 9 Geo. 3. c. 16.
 * An Act to amend and render more effectual an Act made in the Twenty-first Tear of the Reign of King James the First, intituled " An Act for the general Quiet of the Subjects against all Pretences of Concealment " whatsoever."
 * 9 Geo. 3. c. 37.
 * An Act .... for preventing Parish Poor being paid in base or counterfeit Coin.
 * 10 Geo. 3. c. 47.
 * An Act for better regulating Persons employed in the Service of the East India Company, and for other Purposes therein mentioned.
 * 10 Geo. 3. c. 50.
 * An Act for the further preventing Delays of Justice by reason of Privilege of Parliament.
 * 10 Geo. 3. c. 51.
 * An Act to encourage the Improvement of Land by Tenements, and Hereditaments in that Part of Great Britain called Scotland held under Settlements of strict Entail.
 * 11 Geo. 3. c. 31.
 * An Act for the Encouragement of the White Herring Fishery.
 * 12 Geo. 3. c. 53.
 * An Act for widening the Highways in that part of Great Britain called Scotland.
 * 12 Geo. 3. c. 11.
 * An Act for the better regulating the future Marriages of the Royal Family.
 * }
 * 10 Geo. 3. c. 50.
 * An Act for the further preventing Delays of Justice by reason of Privilege of Parliament.
 * 10 Geo. 3. c. 51.
 * An Act to encourage the Improvement of Land by Tenements, and Hereditaments in that Part of Great Britain called Scotland held under Settlements of strict Entail.
 * 11 Geo. 3. c. 31.
 * An Act for the Encouragement of the White Herring Fishery.
 * 12 Geo. 3. c. 53.
 * An Act for widening the Highways in that part of Great Britain called Scotland.
 * 12 Geo. 3. c. 11.
 * An Act for the better regulating the future Marriages of the Royal Family.
 * }
 * 12 Geo. 3. c. 53.
 * An Act for widening the Highways in that part of Great Britain called Scotland.
 * 12 Geo. 3. c. 11.
 * An Act for the better regulating the future Marriages of the Royal Family.
 * }
 * 12 Geo. 3. c. 11.
 * An Act for the better regulating the future Marriages of the Royal Family.
 * }
 * }


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466 The music made a deep impression on my sensibilities. At times it seemed like the gentlest breathings from a reed instrument; then it would mellow down to mere sighing sounds, like whisperings from an Æolian harp. It was mournful, pathetic, imploring, and was the language of the soul in quaint, almost unearthly sounds. These weird strains were wafted to my ear on the calm morning air, and the invocation inspired me with the same sad and dependent thoughts and feelings so deeply rooted in the hearts of the dusky chanters of the dirge-like melody.

Mrs. Helen Hunt Jackson, in Ramona, makes mention of the observance of this beautiful custom by the Mexicans in the early days of California.

We were shown that remarkable grass known as raiz zacaton, from which whisk-brooms and stout brushes for heavier uses are manufactured. The top is a luxuriant green, several inches in height, but no use is made of it, only the root being profitable. The peons employed to gather this fibrous substance call to their aid powerful mechanical appliances to remove it from the soil, so deep does it extend below the surface, and so tough are its myriad tendrils. It is exported all over the world and constitutes one of the most important products of the haciendas in this section of the country.

This hacienda, like all others, has its administrador, and an important office is his. While in many respects his duties are similar to those of an overseer, yet he differs very materially from that functionary. In the present instance the young gentleman who fills this position is a college graduate, speaking several languages, a bachelor of arts, and a justice of the peace. His accomplishments do not in the least militate against his efficiency as administrador, for he manages the estate most admirably, enjoying the utmost confidence of the family. He preferred his assured salary of twelve hundred dollars a year to the uncertain returns of the practice of his profession.

During this visit I obtained a better insight into the life of the peons than I had before known. From their evident contentment, I concluded that their condition was not, after all, so lamentable as I


text:
Page:Public General Statutes 1896.djvu/297

1896. 28.—(1.) Every registered society and branch shall, except as in this section provided, once at least in every five years either—

(a) cause its assets and liabilities to be valued by a valuer to be appointed by the society or branch and send to the registrar a report on the condition of the society or branch; or

(b) send to the registrar a return of the benefits assured and contributions receivable from all the members of the society or branch, and of all its funds and effects, debts and credits, accompanied by such evidence in support thereof as the chief registrar prescribes.

(2.) If the society or branch sends to the registrar such report as aforesaid, the report must —

(a) be signed by the valuer; and

(b) state the address and calling or profession of the valuer; and

(c) contain an abstract to be made by the valuer of the results of his valuation, together with a statement containing such information with respect to the benefits assured and the contributions receivable by the society or branch, and of its funds and effects, debts and credits, as the registrar may require.

(3.) If the society or branch sends to the registrar such return as aforesaid he shall cause the assets and liabilities of the society or branch to be valued and reported on by some actuary, and shall send to the society or branch a copy of the report and an abstract of the results of the valuation.

(4.) Provided that this section shall not apply to —

(a) a benevolent society, working-men's club, cattle insurance society or branch thereof; or

(b) a specially authorised society or branch unless it is so directed in the authority for registering that society or branch.

(5.) Provided also that the chief registrar may, with the approval of the Treasury, dispense with the provisions of this section in respect of societies or branches to whose purposes or to the nature of whose operations he may deem those provisions inapplicable.

29. Every registered society and branch shall keep a copy of the last annual balance sheet, and of the last quinquennial valuation, together with any special report of the auditors, always hung up in a conspicuous place at the registered office of the society or branch.

30.—(1.) For the purpose of audits and valuations to be made under this Act the Treasury may appoint public auditors and valuers and may determine the rates of remuneration to be paid by societies and branches for the services of those auditors and valuers; but the employment of those auditors and valuers shall not be compulsory.

(2.) The Treasury may out of money to be provided by Parliament pay to the public auditors and valuers such remuneration (if any) as the Treasury may allow.

31.—(1.) The rules of a registered cattle insurance society or branch, and of such specially authorised societies or branches thereof as the Treasury may allow to take the benefit of this section, shall


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Page:Face to Face With the Mexicans.djvu/318

 312 to itself. We never tired of exploring the historic places which have from its founding been objects of unfailing interest to all visitors and travelers. Calle Real was an especial source of pleasure as we viewed it from the Plaza of the Martyrs, upon the corner of which stands the monument erected to Morelos. Watching the itinerant venders from our shady retreat, and the idlers who added their statuette-like figures to the monument, the whole resting tranquilly under the motionless trees above them, we could but feel that the hapless poor have an aptitude for posing, and in lending themselves to this occasion the scene was at once thoroughly harmonious and national.

One gets strong ideas of imperialism in the decorations and furnishings of the municipal buildings and halls of congress. A city of twelve or fifteen thousand inhabitants has the mayor's ofifice fitted up as if that functionary were a representative of royalty. The legislative halls have an appearance of regal magnificence with their immense, lofty apartments, gayly frescoed and lined with portraits of the governors of the State; mirrors, chandeliers, and carpets of richest texture; and the dais with its canopied chair for the executive. For me, all this splendor, while it suggested the influence of the viceroys, found a suitable solution in the national love of bright colors and display.

Two lines of chairs facing each other extend from the dais to the further extremity of the hall, where another official occupied his elevated seat, but without the canopy.

The legislature was then in session, and having letters to Governor Jimenez, then newly installed, we were courteously invited by him to visit the palace. We gladly accepted and had the additional pleasure of seeing that august body in session in this the Virginia of Mexico. If Morelia has gained that name, it is not alone because of her many distinguished sons, who have long since passed from these living scenes, but, without intending or wishing to detract from the men of any other part of the Republic, the members of the legislature of Michoacan were the most commanding in appearance of


text: A Book of the Pyrenees/Chapter 9

title: A Book of the Pyrenees/Chapter 9


text: A Book of the Pyrenees/Chapter 10

title: A Book of the Pyrenees/Chapter 10


text:
Page:Public General Statutes 1896.djvu/298

278 bind the society or branch and the members thereof; and all persons claiming through them respectively, to the same extent as if each member had subscribed his name and affixed his seal thereto, and there were in the rules contained a covenant on the part of himself, his heirs, executors, and administrators, to conform to the rules subject to the provisions of this Act

(2.) All sums of money payable by a member to such society or branch as aforesaid shall be deemed to be a debt due from the member to the society or branch, and shall be recoverable as such in the county court of the district in which the member resides.

32.—(1.) A registered society or branch or a meeting of a registered society or branch shall not be affected by any of the provisions of the Unlawful Societies Act, 1799, or of the Seditious Meetings Act, 1817, if in the society or branch or at the meeting no business is transacted other than that which directly and immediately relates to the objects of the society or branch as declared in the rules thereof; but the society or branch, and all officers thereof shall, on request in writing by two justices of the peace, give to such justices full information of the nature, objects proceedings and practices of the society or branch.

(2.) If the society or branch when so required fails to give such information as aforesaid, the provisions of those Acts shall, so far as applicable, be in force in respect of the society or branch.

33.Stamp duty shall not be chargeable upon any of the following documents:—

(a.) Draft or order or receipt given by or to a registered society or branch in respect of money payable by virtue of its rules or of this Act:

(b.) Letter or power of attorney granted by any person as trustee for the transfer of any money of a registered society or branch invested in his name in the public funds:

(c.) Bond given to or on account of a registered society or branch or by the treasurer or other officer thereof:

(d. ) Policy of insurance or appointment or revocation of appointment of agent or other document required or authorised by this Act or by the rules of a registered society or branch.

34 .—(1.) In any of the following cases, namely:—

(i.) where a person being or having been a trustee of a registered society or branch, and whether appointed before or after the registry thereof, in whose name any stock belonging to that society or branch transferable at the Bank of England or Bank of Ireland is standing, either jointly with another or others, or solely

(a) is absent from the British Islands; or

(b) becomes bankrupt or files any petition or executes any deed for liquidation of his affairs by assignment or arrangement, or for composition with his creditors; or


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Page:Face to Face With the Mexicans.djvu/320

314 charming descriptions of the people, appeared in the Century Magazine for 1881-82. She says: "I had fallen into that helpless attitude toward the outer world which is like a spell over the women of the country. The return of the engineers and the discussion of plans for our homeward journey on horseback broke up the dream—one last drive on the paseo in the splendor of the low sunset light, then a bustle of packing, and talk of saddles and horses, servants for the road, and of steamer days and telegrams, last calls and a sense of multiplied obligations, which fate might never permit us fitly to recognize. When the railroad is completed, and the tides of travel ebb to and fro, if our friends of Casa G—— are among those northward bound, may they find as gracious and courteous a welcome as they gave the strangers within their gates."

The closing wish finds a hearty echo in the breasts of two other American women who gratefully add their heartfelt testimony to the kindness and hospitality of the dwellers in that historic city. Just four years after Mrs. Foote's visit, Madame de C—— and myself bade our entertainers there a warm, and sad adios.

Our two weeks' vacation had drawn to a close. At the hour when the mellow chimes of the grand cathedral were calling to matins, when the sound of bells far away in Indian villages fell softly on the newly awakened senses, the military responding with drum and bugle-call, we bade adieu to this delightful mediæval city and its interesting inhabitants, and returned with mental and physical energies renewed to our complex nineteenth century life and its manifold duties.


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Page:Public General Statutes 1896.djvu/299

1896. (c) becomes lunatic or is dead; or

(d) has been removed from his office of trustee; or

(ii.) if it is unknown whether such person is living or dead, the chief registrar may, on application in writing from the secretary and three members of the society or branch, and on proof satisfactory to him, direct the transfer of the stock into the names of any other persons as trustees for the society or branch.

(2.) The transfer shall be made by the surviving or continuing trustees, or if there is no such trustee, or if the trustees refuse or are unable to make the transfer, and the chief registrar so directs, then by the Accountant General or Deputy or Assistant Accountant General of the Bank of England or Bank of Ireland, as the case may be.

(3.) The Bank of England and the Bank of Ireland are hereby indemnified for anything done by them or any of their officers in pursuance of this section against any claim or demand of any person injuriously affected thereby.

35.—(1.) In the following cases, namely —

(a) upon the death or bankruptcy of any officer of a registered society or branch having in his possession by virtue of his office any money or property belonging to the society or branch; or

(b) if any execution, attachment, or other process is issued, or action or diligence raised against any such officer or against his property, his heirs, executors, or administrators, or trustee in bankruptcy, or the sheriff or other person executing the process, or the party using the action or diligence respectively shall, upon demand in writing of the trustees the society or branch, or of any two of them, or of any person authorised by the society or branch, or by the committee thereof, to make the demand, pay the money, and deliver over the property to the trustees of the society or branch in preference to any other debt or claim against the estate of the officer.

(2.) In this section the expression "bankruptcy" shall include liquidation of a debtor's affairs by arrangement in England, cessio bonorum of a debtor in Scotland, and a petition for arrangement with creditors in Ireland; and the expression "trustee in bankruptcy" shall include a judicial factor in Scotland, and an assignee in Ireland.

36.—(1.) The rules of a registered society or branch may provide for the admission of a person under twenty one years of age but above one year of age as a member.

(2.) Any such member may, if he is over sixteen years of age by himself, and if he is under that age by his parent or guardian, execute all instruments and give all acquaintances necessary to be executed or given under the rules, bot shall not be a member of the committee or a trustee, manager, or treasurer of the society or branch.

37. A registered society or branch may subscribe out of its funds to any hospital, infirmary, charitable or provident institution, any hospitals, annual or other sum which may be necessary to secure to members


text:
The New Mars

 * Coates, Florence Earle (1915), "The New Mars" in The Athenaeum (May? 1915).
 * Coates, Florence Earle (1916), "The New Mars" in Poems II.

title: The New Mars


text:
Page:Face to Face With the Mexicans.djvu/319

 Rh any assemblage that I saw in the country. The dark, Indian type prevailed, with large, well-shaped heads, eyes of unusual brilliancy, broad, square shoulders, erect figure, and graceful bearing.

In one of her admirable descriptive letters Mme. de C. thus mentions the hospitality of the citizens of Morelia: "The tropical banana and many creeping vines with gorgeous blossoms, among them the Bougamvilla, hanging in great clusters of pink, crimson, and purple, such as we do not see elsewhere, beautify the patios of the hospitable Morelianos, who, when the stranger stops to admire the luxuriant growth and wonderful coloring of the flowers, cordially invite him to enter and examine at leisure." Of the hospitality of the Morelianos to us, she says: " I wish there were time and space to tell of their kindly reception of two foreigners; of the simple yet elegant manner in which the family of the intelligent young editor of the Gazeta Oficial (Official State Paper), Señor Ojeda, entertained them at an afternoon tea, and of the gracious goodness of which the honored visitors were the grateful recipients from other kind acquaintances, to whom letters of introduction were presented."

My personal tribute is, that in all my travels in Mexico no place has left upon my mind more pleasing or lasting impressions. Though so conservative, the hospitality of its people is pure and genuine.

Our own distinguished countrywoman, Mrs. Mary Halleck Foote, like Madame Calderon, made the journey from Morelia to the capital on horseback. Her admirable illustrations of the scenes in and about that quaint old city, together with her


text:
Page:Public General Statutes 1896.djvu/300

280 of the society or branch and their families the benefits of the hospital, infirmary, or other institution, according to its roles.

38. Every registered society and branch shall deliver to every person on demand, on payment of a sum not exceeding one shilling, a copy of the rules of the society or branch.

39. Every registered society and branch shall supply gratuitously of copies of to every member or person interested in its funds, on his application, either

(a) a copy of the last annual return of the society or branch; or

(b) a balance sheet or other document duly audited containing the same particulars as to the receipts and expenditiure, funds, and effects, of the society or branch as are contained in the annual return.

40. A member or person having an interest in the funds of a registered society or branch may inspect the books at all reasonable hours at the Registered office of the society or branch, or at any place where the books are kept, except that the member or person shall not, unless he is an officer of the society or branch, or is specially authorised by a resolution of the society or branch to do so, have the right to inspect the loan account of any other member without the written consent of that member.

41.—(1.) A member, or person claiming through a member, of a registered friendly society or branch, shall not be entitled to receive more than two hundred pounds by way of gross sum, together with any bonuses or additions declared upon assurances not exceeding that amount, or (except as provided by this Act) fifty pounds a year by way of annuity, from any one or more such societies or branches.

(2.) Any such society or branch may require a member, or person claiming through a member, to make and sign a statutory declaration that the total amount to which that member or person is entitled from one or more such societies or branches does not exceed the sums aforesaid

42. The rules of a registered society or branch may provide for accumulating at interest, for the use of any member, any surplus of his contributions to the funds of the society or branch which may remain after providing for any assurance in respect of which they are paid and for the withdrawal of the accumulations.

43.—(1.) A person shall not, by reason of his enrolment or service in the militia or as a naval coast volunteer, Royal Naval volunteer, naval artillery volunteer, or in any corps of yeomanry or volunteers whatsoever, lose or forfeit any interest in a friendly society or branch whether registered or unregistered which he possesses at the time of his being so enrolled or serving, or be fined for absence from or non-attendance at any meeting of the society or branch, if his absence or non-attendance is occasioned by the discharge of his military or naval duty as certified by his commanding officer, any rules of the society or branch to the contrary notwithstanding.


text:
Rheims

 * Rheims, a poem by Margaret Steele Anderson
 * Rheims, a poem by Florence Earle Coates

title: Rheims


text:
A Russian's Prayer for his Horse, before going into Battle

 * Coates, Florence Earle (1915), "A Russian's Prayer for his Horse, before going into Battle" in Friends' Intelligencer (25 December 1915).
 * Coates, Florence Earle (1916), "A Russian's Prayer for his Horse, before going into Battle" in Poems II.


text:
A Round (Coates)

 * Coates, Florence Earle (1914), "A Round" in The Bellman (15 August 1914)
 * Coates, Florence Earle (1916), "A Round" in Poems II.

title: A Round (Coates)


text:
Nothing that can die

 * Coates, Florence Earle (1914), "Nothing that can die" in Harper's Magazine (July 1914).
 * Coates, Florence Earle (1916), "Nothing that can die" in Poems II.

title: Nothing that can die


text:
You

 * Coates, Florence Earle (1915), "You" in The Athenaeum (? 1915).
 * Coates, Florence Earle (1916), "You" in Poems II.

title: You


text: Author talk:Joseph Campbell

title: Author talk:Joseph Campbell


text:
Author:Joseph Campbell

Works

 * Simple Tests for Minerals, or Everyman His Own Analyst. (1885)
 * Gold, and How to Get it. (1894)

title: Author:Joseph Campbell


text:
Author:William Adam Dixon

Works

 * Note on Huan Island Guano. (1879)
 * On the Inorganic Constitutents of the Coals of New South Wales. (1880)
 * The Plants of New South Wales: An Analytical Key to the Flowering Plants (except Grasses and Rushes) and Ferns of the State, with a list of native plants discovered since 1893. (1906)

title: Author:William Adam Dixon


text: Author talk:William Adam Dixon

title: Author talk:William Adam Dixon


text:
Page:While the Billy Boils, 1913.djvu/387

 SIMPLE TESTS FOR MINERALS.

"This is an excellent little work, and should be in the hands of every scientific and practical miner."

"Should be in every prospector's kit. It enables any intelligent man to ascertain for himself whether any mineral he may discover has a commercial value."

"The book is a thoroughly practical one."

"Now it will be possible for miners and prospectors to test any mineral which has a commercial value."

THE PLANTS OF NEW SOUTH WALES:

"A handy little book providing a compact guide for naming flowers in the field."

"A valuable contribution to the botanic literature of Australia."

IRRIGATION WITH SURFACE AND SUBTERRANEAN WATERS, AND LAND DRAINAGE.

"The most valuable contribution to the literature on the subjects dealt with that has yet appeared in Australia."


text:
Page:Public General Statutes 1896.djvu/504

484


text:
Author:Walter Gibbons Cox

Works

 * Irrigation with Surface and Subterranean Waters, and Land Drainage. (1906)

title: Author:Walter Gibbons Cox


text:
Page:Public General Statutes 1896.djvu/505

485


text:
Why Did You Go (Coates)

 * "Why Did You Go?" (1912), in The Unconquered Air, and Other Poems (1912).
 * "Why Did You Go?" (1916), in Poems I.

title: Why Did You Go (Coates)