text:
Talk:yr euog a ffy heb neb yn ei erlid

Pronunciation of ei and eu

 * For the pronunciation of, see e.g. Gareth King, Modern Welsh: A Comprehensive Grammar (Routledge 1993), p. 82: "These words [ and ], despite their spelling, have always been pronounced as [i]. Pronunciations that follow the spelling (giving these words the same sound as in or ), although increasingly heard on the media and at formal occasions, are very affected and should not be imitated. It is much safer always to sound  and  as if they were written ." Indeed, in Middle Welsh they were spelled  or , and I read somewhere that the spelling  started being used because it was misunderstood as being derived from 🇨🇬. For the phonemic value of ⟨ei⟩ in other words, see the references at , especially Jones 1984. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 19:45, 16 January 2017 (UTC)

 * @Aɴɢʀ: I repeat that that is absolutely contrary to my experience and that the and  pronunciations are certainly not “very affected”; however, you sourced your assertion, so I won't revert you. (Maybe things have changed since King wrote that. I was six at the time, so I am unlikely to have had any memory of a hypercorrect pronunciation beginning to displace an older, more colloquial one.) Re  in  representing the phonemic, whether or not that's the case, it's phonetically realised ; why choose the schwa for the phonemic representation, given the non-existence (or at least extreme rarity) of :  in Welsh? — I.S.M.E.T.A. 20:04, 16 January 2017 (UTC)

 * It is entirely possible that things have changed; it's also possible that your dialect is different from the dialects described in the sources I know of. Jones 1984 (listed at the WP article; and if you were 6 in 1993, you weren't born yet in 1984) says that South Welsh /əi̯/ "begins with a slightly fronted central vowel between the half-open and half-close positions and moves in the direction of a close front vowel", which I guess could be transcribed [ə̟i̯]. He (Glyn is a man's name, right?) goes on to say, "Some speakers occasionally realize this glide [by which he means diphthong] with a closer more fronted element having the quality of a centralized half-close [ë]". Maybe that realization is more common now than it was 33 years ago, or more common in your dialect than in the one he's describing. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 20:18, 16 January 2017 (UTC)

 * @Aɴɢʀ: Apologies for the long delay in my response. Yes, Glyn is a man's name. To explain my background: I was born in Cardiff, where I lived until I was nine; I then moved to Gwynedd, where I've lived since, apart from about five years spent in Ceredigion. I speak/spoke Welsh frequently in all those places. Accordingly, I am pretty familiar with many of the dialects of those areas. I don't remember hearing realised as  or  by anyone, anywhere. I have heard  realised as  and  realised as, but I've always taken them for colloquial/dialectal pronunciations;  realised as  and  realised as  are definitely the standard and are more common. I appreciate, since I'm not citing an authority, that my statements lack exactly that; are you persuaded by my playing the native-speaker card? BTW, I rather doubt that the Middle Welsh  was respelt in Modern Welsh as  because of its mistaken derivation from the Latin ; analogical alteration after  and  seems more likely to me, but what do I know? — I.S.M.E.T.A. 14:54, 9 April 2017 (UTC)

 * The trouble with that theory is that King also says that ein and eich are traditionally pronounced /ən/ and /əχ/, so they're not spelled the way they're pronounced either; and in Middle Welsh they were spelled and . So if anything, they got their spelling under the influence of ei, not the other way round. As for playing the native speaker card, I don't always trust it, because people tend to hear what they expect to hear and forget or not notice when they hear things that deviate from their expectations. I don't even trust my own native-speaker abilities for American English pronunciations, at least not exclusively, but I rely on what dictionaries and phonology reference books have to say. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 15:02, 9 April 2017 (UTC)

 * @Aɴɢʀ: Well, isn't that funny? 'Cause I've only ever heard and  pronounced  and, respectively. I think the popular belief that Welsh spelling is almost perfectly phonetic guided the change from the historical pronunciations to the spelling pronunciations. Still, I concede that I have no published evidence to present, so I defer to you on this. — I.S.M.E.T.A. 16:00, 9 April 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:yr euog a ffy heb neb yn ei erlid


text: Category:ja:New York City

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:ja:New York City


text:
popularizační

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) popularization

title: popularizační


text: pariston

title: pariston


text: paristojen

title: paristojen


text:
çıkış

Etymology
From, from. Equivalent to. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) act or way of going out of, getting out of, or leaving (a place), exit, egress; act or way of coming out or emerging, emergence
 * 2) act or way of climbing
 * 3) exit, egress, place of exit, outlet
 * 4) scolding, bawling out
 * 5) slope, incline, ascent, (a) way up, rising

Adjective

 * 1) starting

title: çıkış


text:
popularizace

Noun

 * 1) popularization

title: popularizace


text:
popularizovat

Verb

 * 1) to popularize

title: popularizovat


text: Category:Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pent-


text:
precís

Etymology
.

Adjective

 * 1) precise, exact

title: precís


text:
akkuhappo

Noun

 * 1) battery acid

title: akkuhappo


text: entomologe

title: entomologe


text:
Citations:characteristical

 * 1741, Edward Young, Love of fame, the universal passion: In seven characteristical satires.., page 52
 * In seven characteristical satires.. Edward Young. What numbers are there, which at once pursue Praise, and the glory to contemn it, too ? Vincenna knows self- praise betrays to Jhame, 'And therefore lays a stratagem for Fame ; Makes his ...
 * 1800, William SMELLIE (Member of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.), Literary and characteristical lives of J. Gregory, M.D., Henry Home, Lord Kames, David Hume, and Adam Smith, LL.D. To which are added a dissertation on public spirit, and three essays
 * LITERARY AND CHARACTERISTICAL LIVES OF JOHN GREGORY, m. p. DAVID HUME, zsQ \\ HENRY HOME, LORD AND ' KAMES. ADAM SMITH, L. "1., D_ TO  WUXCB ARI ADDED A DISSERTATION ON PUBLIC SPIRIT; ,AND THREE ...
 * 1714, Ames Angier, Timothy Green, Spiritual Anatomizing: Or, A Few Characteristical Notes of a Godly State Offer'd,: Under Ten Heads of Tryal for Our Fullest Resolution & Decision; with a Brief Introduction Thereto
 * 1998, Review Bulletin of the Calcutta Mathematical Society
 * After characterizing the 4-dimensional Rieman- nian manifolds of point- wise constant characteristical coefficients of the operator k^s, let us apply the results  obtained in both Section 6 and Section 7 to the studying of some 4-dimensional ...
 * 1814, George Francis Grand, Narrative of the Life of a Gentleman Long Resident in India: Comprehending a Period the Most Eventful in the History of that Country, with Regard to the Revolutions Occasioned by European Interference, and Interspersed with Interesting Anecdotes and Traits Characteristical of Those Eminent Persons who Distinguished Themselves at that Juncture
 * Comprehending a Period the Most Eventful in the History of that Country, with Regard to the Revolutions Occasioned by European Interference, and  Interspersed with Interesting Anecdotes and Traits Characteristical of Those  Eminent Persons ...

title: Citations:characteristical


text: Atkins diets

title: Atkins diets


text:
Citations:supernumerousness

 * 1899, Frank Charles Smith, Lucien Brock Proctor, Heman Gerald Chapin, Richard Selden Harvey, The American Lawyer
 * ... to emphasize that those who have charge of our public affairs should meet the greater part of the obligation, since they by their supernumerousness and their  mountain high salaries are expelling millions from the income of the Government,  ...

title: Citations:supernumerousness


text:
ヨークシャー・テリア

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) a Yorkshire Terrier

title: ヨークシャー・テリア


text: kediseverler

title: kediseverler


text: Category:ja:Terriers

title: Category:ja:Terriers


text:
genetician

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) geneticist

title: genetician


text: Category:ja:Toy dogs

title: Category:ja:Toy dogs


text: kediseveri

title: kediseveri


text:
Citations:unnumerous

 * 1846, Alicia Moore, Historical pictures of the Middle ages, in black and white, made on the spot by a wandering artist [A. Moore]., page 208
 * days, Theodolinde had been elected after the death of Authoris ; some deemed a fresh sovereign, unfettered by all previous bands, whether of friendship or of hate, essential to permanent tranquillity; whilst a not unnumerous body, weary of ...
 * 1832, Jean Froissart, Biographical notice of Froissart. The court of Gaston de Foix. Historical notice of the Companions. Aymergot Marcel. Historical notice of the border-feuds between England and Scotland. The battle of Otterbourne, page 245
 * ... history or interests, I confine myself to those who remained on the North of the Alps. These were by no means unnumerous ; for the ransom and negotiation of  the Pope and of the Marquis of Montferrat had served only to scotch the evil— not  ...
 * 1772, William Shakespeare, Mr. Theobald (Lewis), The Works of Shakespeare in Twelve Volumes: Collated with the Oldest Copies and Corrected: with Notes Explanatory and Critical, page 127
 * Many of the veises in this truly fine passage are dismounted, unnumerous, and impersect: and the last is no less than two foot and a half too long. For this reason  I have ventured to transpose them to their measure; and the sense, 'tis plain, has  ...
 * 2009, The Virtuous Virtuosa: Women at the Pianoforte in England, 1780--1820, ProQuest ISBN 9781109238631, page 95
 * ... if only she had not been a performer on the violin; but Jack belonged to that not unnumerous class of men who hate the women who (as he expressed it) "make  noises" - that is to say, who are proficient in either vocal or instrumental music.
 * 1997, Sten Asbirk, Population Sizes and Trends of Birds in the Nordic Countries: 1978-1994, Nordic Council of Ministers ISBN 9789289301305, page 30
 * The Nordic countries should feel the highest responsibility for the northern and eastern species which belong to the native fauna of the taiga, peatlands,  oligotrophic lakes and arctic ecosystems, and which are considerably more  unnumerous ...
 * 1841, Giovanni Battista CASTI, Montagu MONTAGU, The Three Groats ... A New Edition. With Numismatic Notes. By M. Montagu
 * ... of this charming little Poem (we trust no unnumerous class) with one or two not unacceptable specimens. It only remains to speak of our Translation, for which  G. B. CASTI. 'XXV.

title: Citations:unnumerous


text: köşeği

title: köşeği


text: geneticieni

title: geneticieni


text: köşekler

title: köşekler


text: bæri

title: bæri


text: kirsebæri

title: kirsebæri


text:
geneticiană

Etymology
From.

title: geneticiană


text: geneticiene

title: geneticiene


text: Category:French contranyms

title: Category:French contranyms


text: haliurunnas

title: haliurunnas


text:
erpetolog

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) herpetologist

title: erpetolog


text:
erpetologă

Etymology
From.

title: erpetologă


text: erpetologe

title: erpetologe


text:
Citations:cinqfoil

 * 1999, Philippe de Beaumanoir, Barbara Nelson Sargent-Baur, Alison Stones, Roger Middleton, Le Roman de la Manekine, Rodopi ISBN 9789042006140
 * Examples of the cinqfoil charge in the rolls of arms can be found in Leon Jequier, "Tables de dix-neuf armoriaux," Cahiers d'heraldique 1, XXXVI-XLII, 1-143, at  112-13 under "quintefeuille et rose," with various tinctures listed. None of these ...
 * 2003, Leonard Sowerby, Carey David Balaban, Jonathan Erlen, Richard Siderits, The Ladies' Dispensatory, Psychology Press ISBN 9780415935333, page 228
 * ... juice of" Centaury, juice of Small” Chelidony [probably Great Celendine, Chelidonia, Gerard (p. 1070) states that juice sharpens vision], juice of"  Cinquefoile (Cinkfoil, Cinqfoil, Five finger grass, Pentaphyllum), juice ofop  Cinquefoile ...
 * 1873, John Ruskin, Pt. 6-9 of leaf beauty. of cloud beauty. of ideas of relation, page 20
 * 9; four-leaved, Figs. 13 to 16; and five-leaved, Fig. 8. Or, in wellknown terms, trefoil, quatrefoil, cinqfoil. And these are essential classes, more complicated  forms being usually, it seems to me, resolvable into these, but these not into each  other.
 * 1836, Collectanea topographica et genealogica, Collectanea topographica et genealogica, page 62
 * S'k W. Perpoynte. Barry of four, Purpure semee of cinq- foils Or, and Argent semee of cinqfoils Gules; on a wreath a lion's paw erect and erased Sable,  charged with two Bezants, and grasping a cinqfoil Gules. The device a lion  passant Sable, ...
 * 2012, George S. Cuhaj, Thomas Michael, Standard Catalog of World Coins - 1801-1900, Krause Publications ISBN 9781440230851, page 637
 * Bahawalpur Y# 4.2 RUPEE Silver Obv: Date in rectangle or cinqfoil Rev: Date in rectangle or cinqfoil Note: Weight varies: 10.40-10.50 grams. Y# 4.3 RUPEE Date  Mintage Good VG F VF XF AH1270 — 10.00 20.00 33.50 55.00 80.00 AH1272 ...
 * 2016, John Ruskin, Proserpina, John Ruskin ISBN 9786050486995
 * The Myrtillæ and Auroræ are both Cinqfoil; but the Myrtillæ are symmetrical in their blossom, and the Auroræ unsymmetrical. Farther, the Myrtillæ are not  absolutely determinate in the number of their foils, (this being essentially a  characteristic ...
 * 1895, Edmund Jennings Lee, Lee of Virginia, 1642-1892: Biographical and Genealogical Sketches of the Descendants of Colonel Richard Lee, Genealogical Publishing Com ISBN 9780806306049, page 24
 * Quarterings : Langley branch : Astley, azure a cinqfoil pierced erm. within a bordure engr. of the second. Burnell, az. a lion ramp, guard, arg. guttee de sang,  crowned or. Peshall, arg. a cross fleury sa. on a canton gu. a lion's head erased  of the ...
 * 1903, The Ancestor: A Quarterly Review of County and Family History, Heraldry and Antiquities
 * Ermine a cinqfoil gules. The army: of LEYCESTER. Azure a cheveron gold with three escallops gules and a chief gules with a lion passant silver. ' Ermyne a  cinqfoil ermyne.' The army: of NOTYNGHAM. Party gules and silver with a dance  ...

title: Citations:cinqfoil


text:
Citations:prime mover

 * 1994, Theodore Scaltsas, Substances and Universals in Aristotle's Metaphysics, Cornell University Press ISBN 9780801430039, page 124
 * If a first cause of eternal movement is composed of matter and form, then it is possible for it to suffer substantial transformation: the matter loses the form of the  Prime Mover and acquires a different form. If the Prime Mover is composed of  matter ...

title: Citations:prime mover


text: faunaen

title: faunaen


text: imunologi

title: imunologi


text: earth-pig

title: earth-pig


text:
Template talk:la-num-card

When num=C, an incorrect form is produced in the feminine form generated: I think there is one too few "{" in } in the template. The unsightly result is visible on all pages with the value num=C, e.g. . I'd fix it myself but apparently the template is protected, so, since you're an admin, could you fix it? — Kleio (t · c) 20:29, 16 January 2017 (UTC)
 * One better, I'll nom you to be a template editor. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 00:53, 17 January 2017 (UTC)
 * That works too, though I'm honestly not that brilliant with templates (but thanks for the confidence!). I suppose I wouldn't end up needing the added privileges all that often, as I rarely feel a need to touch very important templates. Just the occasional fix, like this one. — Kleio (t · c) 01:02, 17 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Template talk:la-num-card


text: earth-pigs

title: earth-pigs


text:
imunologă

Etymology
From.

title: imunologă


text: doúla

title: doúla


text: imunologe

title: imunologe


text: prescriptivisms

title: prescriptivisms


text: Category:ro:Ichthyology

title: Category:ro:Ichthyology


text: ihtiologi

title: ihtiologi


text:
ihtiologă

Etymology
From.

title: ihtiologă


text: ihtiologe

title: ihtiologe


text: springarar

title: springarar


text: springarane

title: springarane


text: thioguanines

title: thioguanines


text:
lepidopterolog

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) lepidopterist, lepidopterologist

title: lepidopterolog


text:
størstepart

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) the bulk, the majority, the greatest part

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) the bulk, the majority, the greatest part

title: størstepart


text: lepidopterologi

title: lepidopterologi


text:
lepidopterologă

Etymology
From.

title: lepidopterologă


text: lepidopterologe

title: lepidopterologe


text:
Nixon in China

Etymology
A reference to U.S. President 's 1972 establishment of direct diplomatic relations with, and personal visit to, the. Nixon's unyielding opposition to Communism had been well-known.

title: Nixon in China


text: Nixon to China

title: Nixon to China


text: Nixon goes to China

title: Nixon goes to China


text: størsteparten

title: størsteparten


text:
microbiolog

Etymology
or from.

Noun

 * 1) microbiologist

title: microbiolog


text: Category:ro:Microbiology

title: Category:ro:Microbiology


text: it took Nixon to go to China

title: it took Nixon to go to China


text:
voltooibaar

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) completable

title: voltooibaar


text:
microbiologă

Etymology
From.

title: microbiologă


text:
onvoltooibaar

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) incompletable

title: onvoltooibaar


text: microbiologe

title: microbiologe


text:
Citations:only Nixon could go to China

 * 2013, Joan Beaumont, Matthew Jordan, Australia and the World: A Festschrift for Neville Meaney ISBN 9781743320006, page 303
 * 10 Subsequently, the phrase 'only Nixon could go to China' has become political folklore to describe a moment when a political leader defies expectations by  taking actions that would anger their supporters if taken by someone on the ...
 * 2001, Jesse Helms, Empire for Liberty: A Sovereign America and Her Moral Mission, Jesse Helms Center ISBN 9780895261687, page 24
 * Speaking on the Senate floor after the agreement, Senator Biden delivered a remarkable tribute to Senator Helms, declaring, "Just as only Nixon could go to  China, only Helms could fix the UN." MR. BOUTROS-GHALI HAS TO CHANGE  HIS ...
 * 2007, David D. Perlmutter, Picturing China in the American Press: The Visual Portrayal of Sino-American Relations in Time Magazine, Lexington Books ISBN 9780739158869, page 237
 * John Kerry, on the campaign trail, stated, “Remember how only Nixon could go to China? . . . only John Edwards and John Kerry can get tort reform done in  America, in a way that's fair.” See: www.nixonlibrary.orgintci041018akerry.shtml.  96.
 * 2015, Ken Hughes, Fatal Politics: The Nixon Tapes, the Vietnam War, and the Casualties of Reelection, University of Virginia Press ISBN 9780813938035
 * As Nixon was the first to point out, only Nixon could go to China. He made sure Kissinger told reporters. “Incidentally, I hope you've mentioned the fact no  Democrat could have done it,” said Nixon. “Oh, yes,” said Kissinger. “I have done  it ...
 * 2015, Andrew L. Johns, A Companion to Ronald Reagan, John Wiley & Sons ISBN 9781118607923, page 317
 * There is an old saying that “only Nixon could go to China,” suggesting that only someone with Nixon's anticommunist credentials could have successfully made  an overture to communist China. Perhaps to this we should add, “only Reagan ...

title: Citations:only Nixon could go to China


text:
nainstalovat

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to install

title: nainstalovat


text:
Citations:it took Nixon to go to China

 * 2014, Megan McArdle, 10 Ways to Bounce Back in Business and Life, Head of Zeus ISBN 9781781859490
 * “It took Nixon to go to China,” says Breiner, “and it took a hardass former prosecutor to do HOPE. If he'd been a public defender, people would say 'no, this  is just an extension of your mission as a PD.'” When Alm started on the bench in  2002, ...
 * 2015, Neophytos Loizides, The Politics of Majority Nationalism: Framing Peace, Stalemates, and Crises, Stanford University Press ISBN 9780804794084, page 100
 * But we must admit that it took Nixon to go to China, and it took Sadat to go to Jerusalem. History will remember their courage and vision.” (Ibid.) This reframing  was not merely unfounded flattery, however. Although Papandreou played the ...
 * 2002, Steven Hill, Fixing Elections: The Failure of America's Winner Take All Politics, Psychology Press ISBN 9780415931946, page 221
 * If it took Nixon to go to China, it took Clinton to sneak significant chunks of a conservative agenda past liberal guardians. But that wasn't enough for certain  Republicans. For the logic of Winner Take All dictates a singular ambition: that  you beat ...
 * 1988, New York Magazine, page 44
 * ... going to have to be done about Medicare," says one, "but it will take a Democrat to do it, just like it took Nixon to go to China or Reagan to get the INF  treaty." This is a frequent, frustrated refrain. A Bush administration, unlike its  predecessor, ...
 * year unknown, Case Studies in US Trade Negotiation, Volume 2: Resolving Disputes, Peterson Institute ISBN 9780881325287, page 219
 * “After all, it took Nixon to go to China,” says Peder Maarbjerg, legislative director for Representative Peter Visclosky. “It took Clinton to reform welfare. Bush  already had all the business people on his side.”34 Rockefeller's aide Doneski  adds, ...
 * 1996, The Economist
 * But it took Mr Clinton to deliver enough Democratic votes for these measures, much as it took Nixon to go to China. The third, the budget battle of 1993, Mr  Clinton won by the thinnest possible mar- ?m against unified Republican  opposition.
 * 2003, Margaret Carlson, Anyone Can Grow Up: How George Bush and I Made it to the White House, Simon and Schuster
 * Just as it took Nixon to go to China, it took a lawyer (she graduated from Harvard) and philosopher (she has a Ph.D.) to legitimize housework. Mendelson once  believed that only chumps did not order in, contract out or let it go as they  pursued ...
 * 1983, Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the ... Congress
 * “It takes the Democrats to address entitlements, as it took Nixon to go to China.” Summing up the past decade of party differences, Rep. Paul Simon of Illinois,  author of “The Once and Future Democrats,” concedes the need for change. “ There ...

title: Citations:it took Nixon to go to China


text:
Citations:Nixon goes to China

 * 2015, Douglas Schoen, The Nixon Effect: How His Presidency Has Changed American Politics, Encounter Books ISBN 9781594038006
 * “Nixon goes to China” has become a political metaphor referring to times when a politician with a staunch reputation in one area does something seemingly out of  character with, and even in opposition to, his or her long-held principles—but ...
 * 2009, Ralph Keyes, I Love It When You Talk Retro: Hoochie Coochie, Double Whammy, Drop a Dime, and the Forgotten Origins of American Speech, Macmillan ISBN 9781429952477
 * Ever since then Nixon-goes-to-China has been the go-to allusion for a public figure who is best equipped to take a controversial step because of previous  opposition to that step. When hawkish, pro-settlement Israeli prime minister Ariel  Sharon ...
 * 2007, Jochen Clasen, Nico A. Siegel, Investigating Welfare State Change: The 'dependent Variable Problem' in Comparative Analysis, Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN 9781847206916, page 48
 * ... would implement even more severe cutbacks (Armingeon et al., 2001). According to this 'Nixon-goes-to-China logic' social-democratic governments  should be in a better position to implement cutbacks than any parties to their right . However ...
 * 2004, Martin A. Levin, Martin Shapiro, Transatlantic Policymaking in an Age of Austerity: Diversity and Drift, Georgetown University Press ISBN 9781589014763, page 105
 * The principal drawback of Schroeder's Nixon-goes-to-China approach is that many of the leftist faithful have been hurt by his reforms. Both Schroeder's  pension and tax reforms had regressive consequences and, in a reversal of roles, it was ...
 * 2004, Maurizio Ferrera, Elisabetta Gualmini, Rescued by Europe?: Social and Labour Market Reforms in Italy from Maastricht to Berlusconi, Amsterdam University Press ISBN 9789053566510, page 137
 * Thus, both Dini and Prodi had the possibility of passing reforms that were unpopular in the eyes of the trade unions. It is a syndrome known within the  literature on welfare as 'Nixon goes to China'. Just as it took a hyper-  conservative politician ...
 * 2006, John W. Garver, China and Iran: Ancient Partners in a Post-Imperial World, University of Washington Press ISBN 9780295801216, page 99
 * ... forge the close Sino-Iranian relation of the 1990s, it is also the case that Qian Qichen, client of hard-liner Li Peng, played a key role in distancing Beijing from  Tehran circa 1997–98.6 This may be a “Nixon goes to China” phenomenon.
 * 2013, Giuliano Bonoli, The Origins of Active Social Policy: Labour Market and Childcare Policies in a Comparative Perspective, OUP Oxford ISBN 9780191648533, page 174
 * This mechanism is akin to the Nixon-goes-to-China explanation of why Social Democrats have often been more successful at retrenching welfare states than  right-wing parties (Ross 2000; Green-Pedersen 2002).3 The British trajectory in ...
 * 2011, T. Fleckenstein, Institutions, Ideas and Learning in Welfare State Change: Labour Market Reforms in Germany, Springer ISBN 9780230299344, page 5
 * For this reason, the electorate is expected to be more likely to believe that there is no alternative to retrenchment, if introduced by social democrats (the so-called ' Nixon goes to China' thesis). Moreover, conservative parties can be assumed to ...
 * 2007, Barry Eichengreen, Dieter Stiefel, Michael Landesmann, The European Economy in an American Mirror, Routledge ISBN 9781135982478, page 295
 * The principal drawback of Schroeder's Nixon-goes-to-China approach is that it hurt low-income and vulnerable groups. Both Schroeder's pension and tax  reforms had regressive consequences and, in a reversal of roles, it was the  centre-right ...

title: Citations:Nixon goes to China


text:
ropný

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  oil, petroleum

title: ropný


text:
naftový

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  petroleum

title: naftový


text:
wildlife park

Noun

 * 1) A type of zoo with spacious enclosures that approximate the natural habitat of the exhibits.

title: wildlife park


text: wildlife parks

title: wildlife parks


text:
Swarfega

Etymology
Trade name. The company states that it derives from, an old Derbyshire engineering term for oil and grease, and a variation of , i.e. eager to clean.

Noun

 * 1)  A heavy-duty gelatinous, thixotropic substance used to clean grease and oil, etc. from the skin.

title: Swarfega


text:
馬打

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  police; police officer

title: 馬打


text: 马打

title: 马打


text:
गोलीबारी

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) shootout, shooting firing of guns

title: गोलीबारी


text:
बंदूकधारी

Noun

 * 1) gunman, shooter

title: बंदूकधारी


text:
बहुरंगी

Adjective

 * 1) multicolored

title: बहुरंगी


text:
sammenvevd

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) interwoven

title: sammenvevd


text: sammenvevde

title: sammenvevde


text:
Talk:bidirectionally

Can it mean "in two directions" rather than "in opposite directions": e.g. both east and north, say? Equinox ◑ 22:31, 16 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:bidirectionally


text:
stend

Etymology
Corruption of.

Verb

 * 1)  To rear or leap.
 * 2)  To walk with long strides.

Noun

 * 1)  A leap.

title: stend


text:
eigenspectral

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to an eigenspectrum.

title: eigenspectral


text: standande

title: standande


text:
ankarasanainen

Etymology
🇰🇲

Adjective

 * 1) strictly worded

title: ankarasanainen


text:
Nixonite

Noun

 * 1) A supporter of  (1913–1994), 37th president of the United States.

title: Nixonite


text: Nixonites

title: Nixonites


text:
ankaruus

Noun

 * 1) strictness, harshness, austerity characteristic

title: ankaruus


text:
Boxhorn

Proper noun

 * 1) A village in the commune of Wincrange in northern Luxembourg.

title: Boxhorn


text:
uovertruffen

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) unequalled, unsurpassed

title: uovertruffen


text:
antifa

Etymology
.

title: antifa


text: uovertruffent

title: uovertruffent


text: uovertrufne

title: uovertrufne


text: Category:tr:Eyewear

title: Category:tr:Eyewear


text:
User talk:Barytonesis/2017

clad
I don't think clad is a suffix. It's already a word of its own. Certainly something like "snow-clad" is not a confix but a compound. Equinox ◑ 23:41, 16 January 2017 (UTC)

 * I'd suggest a "Derived terms" section at the entry. Unfortunately, I don't think there's a way to make it automatically update to include new future terms, when they are only compounds. This seems to be something that happens for prefixes and suffixes only. Equinox ◑ 02:54, 17 January 2017 (UTC)

Previous account
Hi. As, this isn't your first account. Why do you no longer use that account? Were you perma-banned? --Victar (talk) 20:43, 27 May 2017 (UTC)
 * is there a way to contact you privately? --Barytonesis (talk) 20:49, 27 May 2017 (UTC)

Your edit
Why would you make this edit to the "Related"section ? — Salt  marsh. 04:11, 25 June 2017 (UTC)
 * Because I don't see the point of keeping the source word there when it has been moved to the etymology, which explains how the two words are "related". However, I reinstated the gloss "nation", which I shouldn't have removed. I prefer having a tidy list of "derived terms". --Barytonesis (talk) 11:54, 25 June 2017 (UTC)
 * Please leave the link to "έθνος". — Salt  marsh . 04:00, 26 June 2017 (UTC)

grc-ipa-rows to grc-IPA
Hi, when you convert grc-ipa-rows to grc-IPA, please remember to add a positional parameter indicating the length of alphas, iotas, and upsilons if the word contains them. (It isn't needed in the case of alpha with iota subscript or when any of those vowels has the circumflex, because then they're unambiguously long.) Thanks! —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 11:56, 26 June 2017 (UTC)
 * sorry, I'm often too lazy to be bothered... Although I just noticed the breve and the macron are readily available in the editing panel, so I don't have a good excuse! Do you reckon it would be possible to add all the diacritic combinations as well? --Barytonesis (talk) 12:24, 26 June 2017 (UTC)
 * Which ones aren't there? —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 12:32, 26 June 2017 (UTC)
 * ᾰ̓, ᾰ́, the iota of ἵππος with a breve, and the like. --Barytonesis (talk) 12:48, 26 June 2017 (UTC)
 * For grc-IPA you don't need those; you can use the spacing breve and macron in the editing panel under "For grc-IPA". For other purposes, it's easiest to use chars. For example, grc gets you ᾰ̓ and grc gets you ῐ̔́. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 13:11, 26 June 2017 (UTC)

Broken declensions
Thanks for creating and, but please do not leave broken templates behind. It's an ongoing issue that nouns in do not function correctly, but it will take some work by  and me to fix it. — JohnC5 05:06, 28 June 2017 (UTC)
 * All right. I thought it was better to do it that way so we wouldn't have to change the template later on, but it sure is detrimental to the reader. --Barytonesis (talk) 14:23, 28 June 2017 (UTC)
 * As soon as we get that bug fixed, we'll switch them all over. — JohnC5 14:42, 28 June 2017 (UTC)

Babel box
It would be helpful to the community if you added to your user page a Babel box or similar indication of your familiarity with the languages you work with. No pressure, but it would be helpful. Thanks. --WikiTiki89 15:40, 6 July 2017 (UTC)
 * I prefer not to right now. --Barytonesis (talk) 13:12, 8 July 2017 (UTC)

Chandeleur
Hi! Why did you think my change to the entry was incorrect? Thanks! Ester Epantaleo (talk) 21:07, 20 July 2017 (UTC)
 * You were right that having the link to twice was useless. However you removed the closing bracket in the process. --Barytonesis (talk) 21:36, 20 July 2017 (UTC)

humilis
Hi! I edited the entry because generally etymologies are written as follows: From wordA, from wordB, from wordC, etc. See also [...]. Cognates include [...]. This kind of structure makes it easier for readers to quickly understand the text, especially for foreign speakers like me. Would you be happy with a modification like so?

From, from. See also. Cognate with Ancient Greek, Phrygian.

I am developing a tool that automatically parses etymologies. For this tool, a standard structure helps recognizing ancestors, descendants, and cognates. I would be happy to discuss different possibilities :). Thanks, Ester Epantaleo (talk) 21:14, 20 July 2017 (UTC)
 * I understand, but the result was inelegant. --Barytonesis (talk) 21:36, 20 July 2017 (UTC)

User page
By all means create a user page - but with something useful on it, ideally Babel information. SemperBlotto (talk) 04:51, 23 July 2017 (UTC)

je te dis merde
It's a real phrase. Please restore it how it was. Equinox ◑ 18:08, 13 September 2017 (UTC)
 * I don't really agree, but as you will., what do you think? --Barytonesis (talk) 18:12, 13 September 2017 (UTC)

Verb phrases with "to"
"bring oneself to", "wish to", etc. Note that the "to" is the infinitive of the verb that follows, so often such entries are not suitable, in the same way we wouldn't have "desire to". Equinox ◑ 13:28, 15 September 2017 (UTC)

Pontic Greek Reply
I know not how to respond to a commentary on my user page, so I shall inscribe it here:

''"== Pontic Greek ==

Hello. I know nothing about Pontic Greek, but some entries you've created make me wonder:
 * and look like accusatives, are you sure they're lemmas? There's another entry  which looks more like a standard masculine nominative, so maybe  should be moved to ?
 * , and  are even stranger. Where do these nu come from? And has the -ma, -matos paradigm been completely lost? "''

It is from a song written in Pontic dialect. Dialects of Pontic vary considerably by geographical area of dialectal origin; grammar, vocabulary and other changes may occur.

"On another note, as you had it originally was plain wrong: you cannot have two pitch/stress markers on the same word (save for cases of enclisis). Maybe it was just a typo, but it should have been blindingly obvious. Are you sure your Babel "el-3" isn't an overestimation? --Barytonesis (talk) 20:01, 22 September 2017 (UTC)"

I know not the intricacies of Polytonic Greek script, neither do I understand how to create efficaciously nor perfectly an Ancient Greek page- hence it was not blindingly obvious to me the typo in pitch and stress. I added it to assist a Coptic etymology.

As for my knowledge of Greek? I can read, speak, and write, not perfectly, rather sufficiently. I assumed that "el-3" referred to Modern Greek and not of its progenitor, Ancient Greek, to which the extent of my knowledge reaches to that of the Koine in the Greek bible translation.

Moreover- I find it pretentious to cast doubt on one's abilities- I view it as demeaning.

Quick reminder about templates
—Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 18:25, 29 September 2017 (UTC)
 * I haven't actually forgotten; I do that on purpose when I'm lazy and don't want to bother with the plurals. To me, libre arbitre is essentially uncountable, but you probably could find instances of libres arbitres. --Barytonesis (talk) 21:13, 29 September 2017 (UTC)
 * You should never do that on purpose; templates exist for a reason. Maybe it should have a way to show usually uncountable, though. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 22:29, 29 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Point taken. Yes, that would be nice. --Barytonesis (talk) 12:26, 30 September 2017 (UTC)

fantastique
Glad to see you're undoing you own edits. I should post some of your fantastic edits.
 * Be my guest. --Barytonesis (talk) 09:08, 2 October 2017 (UTC)
 * see "fantastique". You posted a Greek etymology, as appropriate. Good boy. Keep up the good work. You'll learn something.
 * Thank you daddy. --Barytonesis (talk) 09:23, 2 October 2017 (UTC)
 * any time

lol, this is a great way to handle (what appears to be) a vandal. —Aryaman (मुझसे बात करो) 01:24, 17 October 2017 (UTC)

Socks
Your habit of creating extra accounts is annoying. Not only does it make it unnecessarily difficult to track your edits and for casual editors to recognise your identity, it gives admins a lot of extra work in patrolling your edits (yes, every edit made by a new user must be patrolled unless that user is specifically agreed as being trustworthy). Please do not make any more socks, and list the ones that you have made on your user page or talk page. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 01:22, 5 October 2017 (UTC)
 * All right, I've drawn up that list. Also, as I'd like to help in fighting off vandalism, would you be so kind as to answer to that post? --Barytonesis (talk) 08:10, 5 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks, they are now all autopatrolled accounts. As for rollbacker rights, that is nominated by one admin and approved by another, like autopatrolling. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 16:50, 5 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks, and sorry for the inconvenience. --Barytonesis (talk) 18:24, 6 October 2017 (UTC)

 * I wouldn't worry too much about creating socks. You wouldn't be the first. --P5Nd2 (talk) 20:44, 16 October 2017 (UTC)
 * The difference is that I would feel a twinge of regret before blocking Barytonesis. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 22:23, 16 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Out of interest, why do you have so many accounts? What are they for? Equinox ◑ 23:43, 16 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Nothing in particular; I just like the ring of those I've created. Also I like to see whether I'm treated differently as a new user than when I'm using my main account. --Barytonesis (talk) 10:11, 17 October 2017 (UTC)

 * And if you want to add your sock page to Category:Wiktionary users with various usernames, that'd be just fine. User:AryamanA/Wonderfool too. I'm a n00b so can't edit userpages yet. --Gente como tú (talk) 16:43, 16 December 2017 (UTC)

Please use request templates in the entry
When you RfDed [[academic institution]] you apparently did so directly on the relevant RFD page. If you had inserted (or ) and click on the little "+" you would have accomplished some things beyond the mere posting of the RfD:
 * 1) providing a warning about the entry to (passive) users
 * 2) providing an indication of a discussion in progress to active users.
 * 3) facilitating going back and forth between and entry and such discussion.

The same applies to RfVs, RfMs, and RfCs. DCDuring (talk) 15:28, 8 October 2017 (UTC)
 * sorry about that, thanks for the reminder. --Barytonesis (talk) 18:24, 12 October 2017 (UTC)

Etymology of "evil eye"
Please explain your reversion of my edit. The Anglo-Saxon words "evil" and "eye" have no relation to the Latin words "oculus" and "malus" that doesn't predate the divergence of Proto-Indo-European. If this expression is a calque, i.e. a direct translation of a Latin phrase, then the etymology should reflect that. As it stands, it implies a genetic relationship among the components, which is false on its face. sopholatre (talk) 18:39, 23 October 2017 (UTC)
 * (or ?) you're of course right to point out that "evil" and "eye" don't literally come out from the Latin words "malus" and "oculus"; but you'll notice that I haven't simply reverted you: I added that it's a calque. Or are you suggesting that it isn't a calque either, but a totally independent formation? --Barytonesis (talk) 18:55, 23 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Sorry. WP listed it as a revert, so I jumped to conclusions w/o re-reading the page. I retract the question. Thanks for clearing that up. sopholatre (talk) 20:35, 23 October 2017 (UTC)
 * IDK why "sopholatre" still shows up in my .sig; I had a name change approved on my account years ago. It shows up correctly on WikiPedia, tho. Is there someone here I should talk to about that? sopholatre (talk) 16:02, 24 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Try Special:Preferences. Maybe you have different prefs here and on WP. Equinox ◑ 16:17, 24 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Aha! That did it. Thanks! Texas Dervish (talk) 17:48, 24 October 2017 (UTC)

Etym templates
v in απατεώνας
 * : "This template is intended for terms that have an unbroken chain of inheritance from the source term in question"
 * "This template is a "catch-all" that is used when neither nor  is applicable".

Surely was the correct one :) — Salt marsh . 06:31, 31 October 2017 (UTC)
 * well, technically no: should theoretically be used only for words that are the direct phonetic outcome (through sound laws) of another word. As it says on the documentation page: "This template should not be used for terms that were reformed morphologically during their history. A morphological change breaks the chain of inheritance."
 * That's what happened here: the "-ας" ending has been added to regularise the declension pattern. And since there has been extensive analogical levelling of that sort from Ancient Greek to Modern Greek, very few words can actually be considered "inherited" if we stick strictly to what the template says (and we should IMO, although I'm still unsure of the way to go with this.) --Barytonesis (talk) 08:19, 31 October 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks - I know nearly nothing about linguistics, and often have difficulty in interpreting a dictionary etymology - so it will nearly always be safer say "derived". Would you say that "inherited is safe with ὁδός > οδός and βαθύς > βαθύς ? — Salt marsh . 16:22, 31 October 2017 (UTC)
 * I think they could be inherited, but I'm not sure. says these are scientific terms ("λόγ." = ); that means they were probably not part of the "common stock" of words used by ordinary people, so they might have been reborrowed from Ancient Greek. But that's hard to tell, because the history of the Greek language has been so continuous and unitary... And Greek has remained much closer to Ancient Greek than French to Latin for example, where it's usually fairly to distinguish between inherited words and borrowings. All in all I think the distinction is less relevant, useful and wieldy in Greek than for other languages. --Barytonesis (talk) 10:36, 1 November 2017 (UTC)

About the recent addition to Wiktionary:Wanted entries
You misspelled for which we already have an article. (The error is understandable, since native speakers also sometimes misspell it: a person who is cursing is not necessarily paying attention to the finer points of grammar and orthography.) Tetromino (talk) 13:25, 1 November 2017 (UTC)
 * I found it, actually. --Barytonesis (talk) 13:27, 1 November 2017 (UTC)

Mycenaean font
Mycenaean appears as blank squares on my PC (Windows 10). While I only have a peripheral interest - is there a source of a suitable font, and do you recommend my getting it? — Salt marsh. 15:57, 9 November 2017 (UTC)
 * sorry for the belated answer. I'm sorry, I don't know how to add fonts; I'm just happy it works here without my having to do anything. Perhaps you can ask ? --Barytonesis (talk) 11:38, 14 November 2017 (UTC)
 * There's a free font called Aegean that's available here; it includes Mycenaean characters. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 12:20, 14 November 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks - here goes! — success, thanks again — Salt marsh . 15:27, 14 November 2017 (UTC)

"Citations" with links to dictionaries
Don't you think those would be more useful in a References section? DTLHS (talk) 23:25, 18 November 2017 (UTC)
 * done. --Barytonesis (talk) 23:32, 18 November 2017 (UTC)

Greek entries
Are there any other points you would like to raise with the format of Greek entries? — Salt marsh. 12:29, 20 November 2017 (UTC)
 * Yes, but I'm already spending too much time on Wiktionary so I don't want to get too invested in that. Furthermore, I have neither the computing skills nor the linguistic knowledge required to get us where I'd like to. That said, I'll try and give a few ideas.

 * 1) The Greek infrastructure doesn't rely enough on the common infrastructure and the cross-linguistic templates. This sometimes causes redundancies:  vs. ;  vs.  (cf. );  can be replaced by  and, etc.
 * 2) Another thing I find objectionable are the various templates  such as, , , which in my view give off a rather "tinselly" impression. Also, I still think we could do without , but I don't want to press the point too much.
 * Sorry, that sounded harsher than I wanted to; I have trouble writing in an agreeable way, as you've already noticed :p. Rest assured that I appreciate all the work you're doing! I just think the infrastructure needs a little brush-up/clean-up, and that we have to keep the wikicode and the appearance as simple and uncluttered as possible.
 * P. S.: I've noticed that, , , and  are unused. --Barytonesis (talk) 22:22, 20 November 2017 (UTC)

 * No need to apologise, it is easy with this mode of communication to take and give offence. I'll work through your comments (merci bien) over the next week or two. I am afraid that my democratic principles are often overridden by arachistic tendencies! But agree with much of what you say. In no particular order:
 * 1) The frequency templates have gone. Created years ago - and no-longer added to new entries, although I still think it useful for users to have some idea of frequencies.
 * 2) The remaining templates in your PS are used/useful in the one page where they appear.
 * 3) was created long before . And  streamlines  it was created in ignorance of  etc. These new templates can now be used.
 * 4) I think that serves a useful purpose. It satisfies the obligation, under our rules, to show transcriptions, and is used where horizontal space is limited.
 * — Salt marsh . 07:31, 21 November 2017 (UTC)

To all
I'll be away for some time. --Barytonesis (talk) 20:40, 21 November 2017 (UTC)

Add

 * ask to User:Sagir Ahmed Msa to add the Bengali script at jalfrezi --Barytonesis (talk) 16:00, 29 November 2017 (UTC)
 * undo the last edit at sourdre
 * anitergium
 * Ἀρίσταιχμος
 * Πολύαινος
 * Καρνεάδης
 * déréliction
 * épanalepse
 * petite nature
 * à la con
 * à la noix
 * gros comme une maison
 * mentir comme un arracheur de dents
 * se battre comme des chiffonniers
 * mensonge officieux
 * heure du crime
 * tortionnaire and contorsion to the list of related terms at tordre
 * ancêtre–antécesseur as doublets
 * pigment–piment as doublets
 * vœu–vote as doublets
 * grotte–crypte as doublets
 * votif to the list of related terms at vœu
 *
 * անմեղ–մեղավոր as antonyms
 * դասական–քանակական as antonyms
 * որակական–քանակական as antonyms
 * մսակեր–խոտակեր as antonyms
 * ποσοτικός–ποιοτικός as antonyms
 * աննուաճ, անյաղթելի
 * քնաշրջիկ, լուսնոտ
 * απόλυτος–τακτικός (as in απόλυτο αριθμητικό–τακτικό αριθμητικό) as antonyms
 * etymology at sanglant–sanguinolent

 * . --Barytonesis (talk) 23:44, 26 November 2017 (UTC)
 * stegognathous: στέγω + γνάθος + -ous
 * degmacyte: δῆγμα (indeed from δάκνω + -μα)

Delete

 * propre comme un sou neufs, erroneous plural.

Swadesh lists

 * : I'd be interested in working on this with you, but it would have to wait. --Barytonesis (talk) 22:26, 21 November 2017 (UTC)
 * add Appendix:Pali Swadesh list and Appendix:Romani Swadesh list to the list at Appendix:Indo-Aryan Swadesh lists

Inflected forms

 * for Ancient Greek: just by clicking a red link in inflection tables, have an entire entry already prepared: complete morphological description, IPA pronunciation (hence the importance of documenting vowel lengths in inflection tables as well), etc. The only thing left to the editor would be a cursory check. Wouldn't be as fast as a bot, but much more reliable. (problem: what if a single form covers different items of a paradigm?)
 * To do this, we need Ancient Greek rules in User:Conrad.Irwin/creationrules.js, which is used by MediaWiki:Gadget-AcceleratedFormCreation.js. — Eru·tuon 07:15, 2 December 2017 (UTC)

Others

 * remove the "here for translation purposes only" entries from CAT:English lemmas, and have them all in a category of their own.
 * make a list of articles that belong here rather than on Wikipedia. An example: Liste d'idiotismes corporels français
 * make a list of entries that I wish were deleted but won't be according to our current criteria
 * : a great many, many a --Barytonesis (talk) 18:10, 28 November 2017 (UTC)
 * : about dignus: there's this, though. --Barytonesis (talk) 17:07, 29 November 2017 (UTC)
 * That does, on the whole, support the short vowel. And are you really in Belarus? —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 17:30, 29 November 2017 (UTC)
 * Huh? Why do you think that? --Barytonesis (talk) 18:17, 29 November 2017 (UTC)
 * be is the country code of Belgium :p --Barytonesis (talk) 18:20, 29 November 2017 (UTC)
 * Heh, that's funny. I have hundreds of ISO language codes memorised for Wiktionarying, but I can never remember the damn country codes. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 19:09, 29 November 2017 (UTC)

wot?
I thought you self-blocked to get other, non-addictive things done, but you're still chugging along. Can't we just unblock you? Equinox ◑ 20:37, 27 November 2017 (UTC)
 * Don't encourage him ;-) He needs to focus on stuff outside Wiktionary, for a while anyway. --Robbie SWE (talk) 20:51, 27 November 2017 (UTC)

 * I've unblocked you. This is a farce; if you want to get away from Wiktionary, you can do that yourself, but putting up requests is really not efficient for any of us. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 19:11, 30 November 2017 (UTC)
 * Meh. --Barytonesis (talk) 19:57, 30 November 2017 (UTC)

 * I gave you IP block exemption rights, hopefully that works. —AryamanA (मुझसे बात करें • योगदान) 21:04, 2 December 2017 (UTC)
 * it doesn't :3 --Barytonesis (talk) 21:51, 2 December 2017 (UTC)
 * actually, maybe it does, but I dare not log in a blocked account again just to check. Thank you! --Barytonesis (talk) 11:31, 4 December 2017 (UTC)

arénuleux
Hi there. In the definition of this word on the French Wiktionary, what do they mean by the word "menu"? SemperBlotto (talk) 11:04, 11 January 2018 (UTC) (I have guessed at a translation of the word)
 * Hi. I think it means "fine sand" ( is the old-fashioned adjective, not the noun), but it would be archaic/obsolete (the usual term is simply ). See this where it's opposed to "gros sable"/"gravier". --Per utramque cavernam (talk) 11:46, 11 January 2018 (UTC)

A derivative is...
Sorry for misplacing the assimilation expressions. (I checked various help pages and I still cannot get it in my head.) In greek, it goes like this: shopping, shopper = derivative (παράγωγο-root+some affix). shopkeeper = compound (σύνθετο) & toy shop = expression... a νόθο σύνθετο which never realized. That is my excuse. Finally, I presume that the english call 'related' the greek ομόρριζα (same root). Would be great to have a list of terms greek-latin-eng-fre-...etc. There are slight differences e.g.parasyntheto and παρασύνθετο are not the same... very confusing. Thank you for placing them correctly. sarri.greek (talk) 14:15, 23 January 2018 (UTC)
 * There's has been a discussion recently about this:
 * The consensus is to use "derived" in a broad sense, and consider compounds as derived terms. Personally, I like to add expressions as well. I prefer to use "related terms" when it's only really necessary, i.e. when there's no obvious way to derive one word from the other, and the relationship is too distant. For example, see 🇨🇬: I've put as a related term, because there's no way in French to get from tordre to tourment simply with composition or affixation.
 * Yes, maybe we should have a comparative table of linguistic terms. For now, I'm trying to build up the CAT:el:Linguistics, CAT:el:Phonology and CAT:el:Phonetics; these are really interesting words.
 * By the way, thanks for ; I don't know why I put as a translation. --Per utramque cavernam (talk) 17:36, 23 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Owww it was you? About the splitting of compounds: Pleeease vote for compounds separate. Alone. They are SO MANY. Never mind the linguistic arguments. It is aesthetically awful all this crowding. See el:μάτι? how nice? Thanks X. sarri.greek (talk) 17:44, 23 January 2018 (UTC)

title: User talk:Barytonesis/2017


text:
barytonesis

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  The shift of accent from the last syllable of a stem or word to a preceding syllable.

Usage notes
Barytonesis occurred in, a dialect of , in which words that originally had accent on the last syllable (ultima) have developed recessive accent (accent as far back from the last syllable as the rules for accent allow). The Attic dialect retains the accent on the last syllable.
 * Aeolic, Attic

Related terms

 * barytone

title: barytonesis


text:
wheel about

Verb

 * 1)  To change direction quickly, turn, pivot, whirl about.
 * 2)  To transport someone or something to various locations by pushing a wheeled transporter such as a wheelchair, wheelbarrow or trolley.
 * 1)  To transport someone or something to various locations by pushing a wheeled transporter such as a wheelchair, wheelbarrow or trolley.
 * 1)  To transport someone or something to various locations by pushing a wheeled transporter such as a wheelchair, wheelbarrow or trolley.
 * 1)  To transport someone or something to various locations by pushing a wheeled transporter such as a wheelchair, wheelbarrow or trolley.
 * 1)  To transport someone or something to various locations by pushing a wheeled transporter such as a wheelchair, wheelbarrow or trolley.

title: wheel about


text:
annoksittain

Adverb

 * 1) by the portion

title: annoksittain


text:
-annoksinen

Adjective

 * 1)  (existing, dispensed, administered etc.) in certain type of portions or doses

title: -annoksinen


text:
dobbelthet

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) duality

title: dobbelthet


text: κοιμηθώ

title: κοιμηθώ


text: dobbeltheta

title: dobbeltheta


text: dobbeltheten

title: dobbeltheten


text: dobbeltheter

title: dobbeltheter


text: dobbelthetene

title: dobbelthetene


text:
laikyti

Etymology
From. See also.

Verb

 * 1)  to, to keep
 * 2)  to store

Derived terms

title: laikyti


text:
連れ来たる

Etymology
Compound of.

Verb

 * 1)  bring (someone to a person/place)

title: 連れ来たる


text:
trustis

Etymology
Borrowed from, from.

Noun

 * 1)  antrustion, royal retainers
 * 2)  military campaign
 * 3)  military service
 * 4)  an armed escort

title: trustis


text:
en placer une

Verb

 * 1)  to get a word in edgewise, to get a word in edgeways

title: en placer une


text:
Citations:exceive

 * 1843, The United Service Magazine and Naval and Military Journal, part 1, page 308:
 * "en"

- I have understood that the column under Major-General M’Caskill has experienced some loss, but I have not, as yet, exceived a report from that officer.

title: Citations:exceive


text: posting houses

title: posting houses


text: targetter

title: targetter


text: targetters

title: targetters


text:
Euromanga

Noun

 * 1) Comics created in Europe in the style of Japanese comics (manga).

Coordinate terms

 * Amerimanga

title: Euromanga


text:
zebuine

Adjective

 * 1) Pertaining to zebus

Noun

 * 1) A zebu or related cattle

title: zebuine


text:
toilet vinegar

Noun

 * 1)  A moisturizer made with vinegar.

title: toilet vinegar


text: toilet vinegars

title: toilet vinegars


text: marine climates

title: marine climates


text:
zajalesque

Alternative forms

 * zejelesque

Adjective

 * 1) Characteristic of or similar to a zajal.

title: zajalesque


text: zejelesque

title: zejelesque


text: axle boxes

title: axle boxes


text: egophonies

title: egophonies


text: missing trader frauds

title: missing trader frauds


text: jǐngyuán

title: jǐngyuán


text:
Cheju

Usage notes

 * Standard spelling until 2000, since then it has become depreciated.

title: Cheju


text: carousel frauds

title: carousel frauds


text:
錘子與鐮刀

Noun

 * 1)  hammer and sickle

title: 錘子與鐮刀


text: chuízi yǔ liándāo

title: chuízi yǔ liándāo


text: 锤子与镰刀

title: 锤子与镰刀


text: chuízi

title: chuízi


text:
ړوند

Etymology
From, from , from. Related to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) blind

title: ړوند


text:
contra-trading

Noun

 * 1)  A form of carousel fraud that evades detection by using two "carousels" of traded goods, where one carousel is legitimate and the other is not, and thus the input and output VATs neutralize each other to conceal the fraud.

title: contra-trading


text:
woof-woof

Etymology
Onomatopoeic. Reduplication of woof.

Interjection

 * 1) Representing the sound of a large dog barking.

Noun

 * 1)  A dog.

title: woof-woof


text: チェジュ

title: チェジュ


text:
contra-trader

Noun

 * 1) One who engages in contra-trading, a form of tax fraud.

title: contra-trader


text: contra-traders

title: contra-traders


text: shǎolái

title: shǎolái


text:
盡職

Verb

 * 1) to discharge one's duties; to be conscientious

title: 盡職


text: 尽职

title: 尽职


text: jìnzhí

title: jìnzhí


text: yǔwénxué

title: yǔwénxué


text: wénzìxué

title: wénzìxué


text: shǒugǎo

title: shǒugǎo


text: yuángǎo

title: yuángǎo


text:
大爆炸

Proper noun

 * 1)  Big Bang

title: 大爆炸


text:
大霹靂理論

Proper noun

 * 1)  Big Bang theory

title: 大霹靂理論


text: Dàbàozhà

title: Dàbàozhà


text: 大霹雳理论

title: 大霹雳理论


text: Dàpīlì Lǐlùn

title: Dàpīlì Lǐlùn


text: Category:grc:Human migration

title: Category:grc:Human migration


text: héngxīngxì

title: héngxīngxì


text: nìxíng

title: nìxíng


text: zǐwēi

title: zǐwēi


text: zǐwéi

title: zǐwéi


text: xīngxì

title: xīngxì


text: rìpiānshí

title: rìpiānshí


text: yuèpiānshí

title: yuèpiānshí


text:
鮮榨

Adjective

 * 1)  freshly squeezed

title: 鮮榨


text: 鲜榨

title: 鲜榨


text: xiānzhà

title: xiānzhà


text: woof-woofs

title: woof-woofs


text:
つれてくる

Verb

 * 1)  bring (someone to a person/place).

title: つれてくる


text:
เม่น

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬

Noun

 * 1) porcupine.

title: เม่น


text:
連れて来る

Verb

 * 1) bring (someone to a person/place)

title: 連れて来る


text: ονειρευτώ

title: ονειρευτώ


text: feasts for the eyes

title: feasts for the eyes


title: bui5


text:
麥西熱甫

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1)  a traditional Uyghur gathering

title: 麥西熱甫


text: 麦西热甫

title: 麦西热甫


text:
Template:serial semicolon

;

title: Template:serial semicolon


text: 羯胡人

title: 羯胡人


text:
Template:serial semicolon/documentation

This template generates a serial semicolon, for lists that contain three or more items separated by semicolons. (Often used because one of the items contains a comma.)

The template should be used as ;. It was moved from to  because of a server issue that sometimes prevents access to titles ending with a semicolon.

This works the same as the serial comma, except that it inserts a semicolon instead a comma. For details, see the serial comma template.

title: Template:serial semicolon/documentation


text: 纯律

title: 纯律


text:
純律

Noun

 * 1)  just intonation

title: 純律


text: 粤胡

title: 粤胡


text: 粵胡

title: 粵胡


text: 連れきたる

title: 連れきたる


text: sponsoresses

title: sponsoresses


text: scopy

title: scopy


text:
bread wheat

Etymology
From its use in making bread.

title: bread wheat


text:
common wheat

Noun

 * , a widely cultivated wheat species.

Synonyms

 * bread wheat

Translations

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 普通小麦
 * French: ,
 * Spanish: candial

title: common wheat


text:
wood tar

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) Tar produced by destructive distillation of wood.

title: wood tar


text: wood tars

title: wood tars


text: personal rules

title: personal rules


text:
mountain clouded yellow

Noun

 * , a pierid butterfly found in various mountain ranges.

Translations

 * Hungarian: hegyi kéneslepke
 * Russian: желту́шка зеленова́тая

title: mountain clouded yellow


text: mountain clouded yellows

title: mountain clouded yellows


text:
dặm

Noun

 * 1) mile
 * 2) league

title: dặm


text: Category:Proto-Slavic singularia tantum

title: Category:Proto-Slavic singularia tantum


text:
deadlockable

Adjective

 * 1)  Capable of entering a state of deadlock.
 * a deadlockable algorithm

title: deadlockable


text:
だいおういか

Noun

 * 1)  a giant squid

title: だいおういか


text:
multigranular

Adjective

 * 1)  Offering multiple levels of granularity.

title: multigranular


text:
multigranularly

Adverb

 * 1) In a multigranular manner.

title: multigranularly


text:
multigranularity

Noun

 * 1)  The property of being multigranular.

title: multigranularity


text:
optical glass

Etymology
from being the type of glass used for optics

Noun

 * 1) A class of glass used to create optical lenses, such as that for spectacles or spyglasses

Hyponyms

 * "glass" (not plastic) lens glass for eyeglasses
 * "glass" (not plastic) lens glass for eyeglasses
 * "glass" (not plastic) lens glass for eyeglasses

title: optical glass


text:
Tartessos

Alternative forms

 * Tartessus

Etymology
From.

Alternative forms

 * Tartessus

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1) * Carteia, Tartessos a Graecis dicta. (Plinius, Naturalis Historia, III)
 * 1) * Carteia, Tartessos a Graecis dicta. (Plinius, Naturalis Historia, III)

title: Tartessos


text:
Talk:moto-

motoneuron
That's an odd one, isn't it? Clearly not about motorcycles, but appears to use the prefix. Equinox ◑ 04:35, 17 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:moto-


text:
Talk:唄

Hello I want to know which reference say 唄 read as bui6 in Cantonese? --Octahedron80 (talk) 04:39, 17 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Sources superior to the sketchy reference known as the Unihan Database. —suzukaze (t・c) 04:41, 17 January 2017 (UTC)
 * I didn't only refer to Unihan. I checked at CKC and it says as seen. But thanks for more reference. --Octahedron80 (talk) 04:44, 17 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:唄


text:
Talk:唪

Hello I want to know which reference say 唪 read as baang6 in Cantonese? --Octahedron80 (talk) 04:40, 17 January 2017 (UTC)
 * (answered at Talk:唄) — justin(r)leung { (t...) 04:46, 17 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:唪


text:
Gentleman Jim

Etymology
Possibly from the nickname of champion American boxer (1866–1933) or American country music singer  (1923-1964).

Noun

 * 1)  A man, especially one named James, whose behavior shows him to have a polite, courteous, and respectable nature.

title: Gentleman Jim


text: patrilects

title: patrilects


text:
離愁

Noun

 * 1) parting sorrow; pain of separation

title: 離愁


text: 离愁

title: 离愁


text: líchóu

title: líchóu


text:
หมาต๋า

Etymology
Probably from  and  /  , from. Additionally, has negative connotations when used in Thai.

Noun

 * 1)  police

title: หมาต๋า


text:
Module:sla-noun/data

local declensions = {}

local com = require("Module:sla-common") local m_table_tools = require("Module:table tools") local lang = require("Module:languages").getByCode("sla-pro")

local u = mw.ustring.char local rfind = mw.ustring.find local rsubn = mw.ustring.gsub local rmatch = mw.ustring.match local rsplit = mw.text.split local ulower = mw.ustring.lower local uupper = mw.ustring.upper local usub = mw.ustring.sub local ulen = mw.ustring.len local ugmatch = mw.ustring.gmatch

local GRAVE = u(0x0300) -- grave = ̀ local TILDE = u(0x0303) -- tilde = ̃ local INVBREVE = u(0x0311) -- inverse breve = ̑ local MACRON = u(0x0304) -- macron = ̄ local UNK = "-" -- unknown accent (placeholder; existing accents removed) local LEAVE = nil -- leave the accent alone

local contract_across_j_note = "The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian)." local a_stem_loc_pl_note = "-asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ." local hard_o_stem_ins_sg_note = "-ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic." local soft_o_stem_ins_sg_note = "-ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic." local cons_stem_alt_pl_note = "-ьmъ/etc. are the original consonant-stem endings, while -amъ/etc. are later Common Slavic endings formed by analogy with a-stems."

local function combine_stem_ending(stem, endinfo) if endinfo.override then return endinfo.override end local accent = endinfo[1] local ending = endinfo[2] if endinfo.pal1 then stem = com.first_palatalization(stem) elseif endinfo.pal2 then stem = com.second_palatalization(stem) elseif endinfo.iotate then stem = com.iotate(stem) end if accent then stem = com.set_accent(stem, accent) end return stem .. ending end

local next_notesym_table = { ["*"]="**",	["**"]="***",	["***"]="†",	["†"]="††",	["††"]="†††",	["†††"]="‡",	["‡"]="‡‡",	["‡‡"]="‡‡",	["‡‡‡"]="1" }

local function get_next_notesym(sym) return next_notesym_table[sym] or sym + 1 end -- Value is either a single string (substitute that exact string), -- an "ending table" or a list of ending tables. An ending table is -- a table of one item (a string, substitute that exact string) or -- two items (the accent to apply to the stem, and the ending). -- Either form can have optional named values attached. In both -- forms, 'footnote' can be used to specify a footnote; in the -- two-item form, 'pal1', 'pal2', and 'iotate' can additionally be -- given to cause the appropriate modification to the end of the -- stem. local function add_form(data, stem, endinfo) if type(endinfo) ~= "table" then endinfo = {endinfo} end if type(endinfo[1]) ~= "table" then endinfo = {endinfo} end local retval = {} for _, endi in ipairs(endinfo) do		local form if endi[2] then form = combine_stem_ending(stem, endi) else form = endi[1] end if endi.footnote then local notesym = data.footnote_to_sym[endi.footnote] if not notesym then notesym = data.next_notesym data.next_notesym = get_next_notesym(notesym) data.footnote_to_sym[endi.footnote] = notesym table.insert(data.footnotes, m_table_tools.superscript_notes(notesym) .. " " .. endi.footnote) end table.insert(retval, {form, notesym=notesym}) else table.insert(retval, form) end end return retval end -- Add a full set of forms to the forms in FORMS for a given stem and the -- ending specs for all endings. The value of SG, DU and PL is a table of -- ending specs, containing entries for individual cases (n=nominative, -- a=accusative, g=genitive, l=locative, d=dative, i=instrumental, v=vocative). -- All seven values should be provided for the singular; all but vocative -- should be provided for the plural (vocative plural is always the same as -- nominative plural); for the dual, only nominative, genitive and dative -- should be provided (accusative and vocative are the same as nominative, -- locative is the same as genitive, and instrumental is the same as dative). -- -- Each ending spec is either a string (use that exact string for the entire -- case form) or a table SPEC indicating how to construct the case form, or -- a list of such table SPECS if there are multiple possibilities. SPEC should -- be either a list containing a single string (use that exact string for the -- entire case form), or a list containing two strings and optional additional -- flags. In the latter case, where SPEC[1] is the accent to place on the -- stem (or an empty string to remove any stressed accent but leave macrons, -- or the value UNK [for "unknown"] to remove all accents, or the value -- LEAVE to leave any existing accents), SPEC[2] is the ending to add to the -- stem, optional SPEC.pal1 causes the stem to have the first palatalization -- applied, optional SPEC.pal2 causes the stem to have the second palatalization -- applied, optional SPEC.iotate causes the stem to have iotation applied. local function add_forms(data, forms, stem, sg, du, pl) forms.nom = { s = add_form(data, stem, sg.n), d = add_form(data, stem, du.n), p = add_form(data, stem, pl.n), }	forms.acc = { s = add_form(data, stem, sg.a), d = forms.nom.d,		p = add_form(data, stem, pl.a), }	forms.gen = { s = add_form(data, stem, sg.g), d = add_form(data, stem, du.g), p = add_form(data, stem, pl.g), }	forms.loc = { s = add_form(data, stem, sg.l), d = forms.gen.d,		p = add_form(data, stem, pl.l), }	forms.dat = { s = add_form(data, stem, sg.d), d = add_form(data, stem, du.d), p = add_form(data, stem, pl.d), }	forms.ins = { s = add_form(data, stem, sg.i), d = forms.dat.d,		p = add_form(data, stem, pl.i), }	forms.voc = { s = add_form(data, stem, sg.v), d = forms.nom.d,		p = forms.nom.p,	} end

-- All consonant stems (ū, r, masc/neut n, s, nt) behave very similarly so -- we merge their functionality. All such stems have an infix composed of -- a vowel (V) + a consonant (C), which occurs between the stem and ending in -- all cases but the nominative/vocative (and accusative singular of neuters). -- DOPAL should be true if the stem should be first-palatalized before the -- infix, and ALTFEMPL is true if alternative endings in -am* should be given -- as well (used for v-stems). local function handle_consonant_stem(data, v, c, g, dopal, altfempl) local forms = {} local palstem = dopal and com.first_palatalization(data.stem) or data.stem local nonsyll = com.is_nonsyllabic(palstem) local ap = data.ap -- FIXME! Don't know the actual accents of *dьnь (pattern c), -- so treat as if unknown. if nonsyll and g == "m" then ap = nil end if ap == "a" or ap == "b" then add_forms(data, forms, palstem .. v .. (data.ap == "b" and GRAVE or "") .. c,			-- FIXME! Need to check voc, need accents for dual			-- FIXME! Formerly had ьmi for inst pl of all genders			{n=data.nom_sg, a=g == "n" and data.nom_sg or {GRAVE, "ь"}, g={GRAVE, "e"}, l={GRAVE, "e"}, d={GRAVE, "i"}, i=g == "f" and {{GRAVE, "ьjǫ"}, {GRAVE, "ǭ", iotate=true, footnote=contract_across_j_note}} or {GRAVE, "ьmь"}, v=data.nom_sg},			{n={GRAVE, "i"}, g={GRAVE, "u"},				d=altfempl and {{GRAVE, "ьma"}, {GRAVE, "ama", footnote=cons_stem_alt_pl_note}} or {GRAVE, "ьma"}},			{n={GRAVE, g == "m" and "e" or g == "f" and "i" or "ā"}, a={GRAVE, g == "n" and "ā" or "i"}, g={GRAVE, "ъ"},				l=altfempl and {{GRAVE, "ьxъ"}, {GRAVE, "axъ", footnote=cons_stem_alt_pl_note}} or {GRAVE, "ьxъ"},				d=altfempl and {{GRAVE, "ьmъ"}, {GRAVE, "amъ", footnote=cons_stem_alt_pl_note}} or {GRAVE, "ьmъ"},				i=altfempl and {{GRAVE, "ьmī"}, {GRAVE, "amī", footnote=cons_stem_alt_pl_note}} or {GRAVE, g == "n" and "ȳ" or "ьmī"} }		)	elseif ap == "c" then		local ldac = nonsyll and INVBREVE or TILDE		add_forms(data, forms, palstem .. v .. c, -- FIXME! Need to check voc -- FIXME! Formerly had ьmi for inst pl of all genders {n=data.nom_sg, a=g == "n" and data.nom_sg or {INVBREVE, "ь"}, g={INVBREVE, "e"}, l={INVBREVE, "e"}, d={INVBREVE, "i"}, i=g == "f" and {"", "ьjǫ́"} or {INVBREVE, "ьmь"}, v=data.nom_sg}, {n={INVBREVE, "i"}, g={"", "ù"}, d=altfempl and {{"", "ьmà"}, {"", "àma", footnote=cons_stem_alt_pl_note}} or {"", "ьmà"}}, {n=g == "n" and {"", "à"} or g == "m" and {INVBREVE, "e"} or {INVBREVE, "i"}, a=g == "n" and {"", "à"} or {INVBREVE, "i"}, g={TILDE, "ъ"}, l=altfempl and {{ldac, "ьxъ"}, {ldac, "axъ", footnote=cons_stem_alt_pl_note}} or {ldac, "ьxъ"}, d=altfempl and {{ldac, "ьmъ"}, {ldac, "amъ", footnote=cons_stem_alt_pl_note}} or {ldac, "ьmъ"}, i=altfempl and {{"", "ьmì"}, {"", "amì", footnote=cons_stem_alt_pl_note}} or {"", g == "n" and "ý" or "ьmì"} }		)	else		add_forms(data, forms, palstem .. v .. c, -- FIXME! Need to check voc, need accents for dual -- FIXME! Formerly had ьmi for inst pl of all genders {n=data.nom_sg, a=g == "n" and data.nom_sg or {UNK, "ь"}, g={UNK, "e"}, l={UNK, "e"}, d={UNK, "i"}, i=g == "f" and {{UNK, "ьjǫ"}, {UNK, "ǫ", iotate=true, footnote=contract_across_j_note}} or {UNK, "ьmь"}, v=nonsyll and g == "m" and {UNK, "y"} or data.nom_sg}, {n={UNK, "i"}, g={UNK, "u"}, d=altfempl and {{UNK, "ьma"}, {UNK, "ama", footnote=cons_stem_alt_pl_note}} or {UNK, "ьma"}}, {n={UNK, g == "m" and "e" or g == "f" and "i" or "a"}, a={UNK, g == "n" and "a" or "i"}, g={UNK, "ъ"}, l=altfempl and {{UNK, "ьxъ"}, {UNK, "axъ", footnote=cons_stem_alt_pl_note}} or {UNK, "ьxъ"}, d=altfempl and {{UNK, "ьmъ"}, {UNK, "amъ", footnote=cons_stem_alt_pl_note}} or {UNK, "ьmъ"}, i=altfempl and {{UNK, "ьmi"}, {UNK, "ami", footnote=cons_stem_alt_pl_note}} or {UNK, g == "n" and "y" or "ьmi"} }		)	end	return forms end

declensions["v-stem"] = function(data) local forms

local y_type = data.desinence == "y" local i_type = data.desinence == "i"

if not(y_type or i_type) then error("v-stem nouns must end in -y or -i") end if i_type then forms = handle_consonant_stem(data, "ь", "v", "f", false, "altfempl") else forms = handle_consonant_stem(data, "ъ", "v", "f", false, "altfempl") end if i_type then return forms, "soft v-stem" else return forms, "hard v-stem" end end

declensions["s-stem"] = function(data) if data.desinence ~= "e" and data.desinence ~= "o" then error("s-stem nouns must end in -e or -o") end

return handle_consonant_stem(data, "e", "s", "n", "palatalize"), "s-stem" end

declensions["r-stem"] = function(data) if (data.unom_sg ~= "mati") and (data.unom_sg ~= "dъťi") then error("Must be used only for nouns *mati and *dъťi") end

return handle_consonant_stem(data, "e", "r", "f", "palatalize"), "r-stem" end

declensions["nt-stem"] = function(data) if data.desinence ~= "ę" then error("nt-stem nouns must end in -ę") end

return handle_consonant_stem(data, "ę", "t", "n", "palatalize"), "nt-stem" end

declensions["n-stem"] = function(data) local forms

-- masculine nouns have desinence end in -nь or -y, neuters in -ę local y_type = data.desinence == "y" local ni_type = data.desinence == "ь" local e_type = data.desinence == "ę"

if not(y_type or ni_type or e_type) then error("Wrong ending for an n-stem noun") end

if ni_type then if data.ustem ~= "dьn" then error("n-stem noun ending in -ь must be *dьnь") end data.stem = "d" data.ustem = "d" forms = handle_consonant_stem(data, "", "", "m", "palatalize") else forms = handle_consonant_stem(data, "e", "n", y_type and "m" or "n", "palatalize") end

return forms, "n-stem", e_type and {"neuter n-stem nouns"} or {"masculine n-stem nouns"} end

-- Masculine and feminine i-stems differ only in the instrumental singular and -- nominative plural so handle them together. local function handle_i_stem(data, masc) local forms = {}

if data.ap == "a" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			-- FIXME! Need accents for voc, dual			{n=data.nom_sg, a=data.nom_sg, g={GRAVE, "ī"}, l={GRAVE, "ī"}, d={GRAVE, "i"}, i=masc and {GRAVE, "ьmь"} or {{GRAVE, "ьjǫ"}, {GRAVE, "ǭ", iotate=true, footnote=contract_across_j_note}}, v={UNK, "i"}},			{n={GRAVE, "i"}, g={{GRAVE, "ьju"}, {GRAVE, "u", iotate=true, footnote=contract_across_j_note}}, d={GRAVE, "ьma"}},			{n=masc and {{GRAVE, "ьjē"}, {GRAVE, "ē", iotate=true, footnote=contract_across_j_note}} or {GRAVE, "i"}, a={GRAVE, "i"}, g={{GRAVE, "ьjь"}, {GRAVE, "ī", footnote=contract_across_j_note}}, l={GRAVE, "ьxъ"}, d={GRAVE, "ьmъ"}, i={GRAVE, "ьmī"}}		) elseif data.ap == "b" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			-- FIXME! Need accents for voc, dual			{n={TILDE, "ь"}, a={TILDE, "ь"}, g={TILDE, "i"}, l={TILDE, "i"}, d={MACRON, "ì"}, i=masc and {MACRON, "ь̀mь"} or {{TILDE, "ьjǫ"}, {TILDE, "ǫ", iotate=true, footnote=contract_across_j_note}}, v={UNK, "i"}},			{n={MACRON, "ì"}, g={{TILDE, "ьju"}, {UNK, "u", iotate=true, footnote=contract_across_j_note}}, d={TILDE, "ьma"}},			{n=masc and {{TILDE, "ьjē"}, {TILDE, "ē", iotate=true, footnote=contract_across_j_note}} or {MACRON, "ì"}, a={MACRON, "ì"}, g={{MACRON, "ь̀jь"}, {TILDE, "i", footnote=contract_across_j_note}}, l={MACRON, "ь̀xъ"}, d={MACRON, "ь̀mъ"}, i={TILDE, "ьmī"}}		) elseif data.ap == "c" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			-- FIXME! Need accents for voc			{n={INVBREVE, "ь"}, a={INVBREVE, "ь"}, g={"", "í"}, l={"", "í"}, d={INVBREVE, "i"}, i=masc and {INVBREVE, "ьmь"} or {"", "ьjǫ́"}, v={UNK, "i"}},			{n={INVBREVE, "i"}, g={{"", "ьjù"}, {UNK, "u", iotate=true, footnote=contract_across_j_note}}, d={"", "ьmà"}},			{n=masc and {{INVBREVE, "ьjē"}, {INVBREVE, "ē", iotate=true, footnote=contract_across_j_note}} or {INVBREVE, "i"}, a={INVBREVE, "i"}, g={"", "ь̀jь"}, l={INVBREVE, "ьxъ"}, d={INVBREVE, "ьmъ"}, i={"", "ьmì"}}		) else add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			{n=data.nom_sg, a=data.nom_sg, g={UNK, "i"}, l={UNK, "i"}, d={UNK, "i"}, i=masc and {UNK, "ьmь"} or {{UNK, "ьjǫ"}, {UNK, "ǫ", iotate=true, footnote=contract_across_j_note}}, v={UNK, "i"}},			{n={UNK, "i"}, g={{UNK, "ьju"}, {UNK, "u", iotate=true, footnote=contract_across_j_note}}, d={UNK, "ьma"}},			{n=masc and {{UNK, "ьje"}, {UNK, "e", iotate=true, footnote=contract_across_j_note}} or {UNK, "i"}, a={UNK, "i"}, g={{UNK, "ьjь"}, {UNK, "i", footnote=contract_across_j_note}}, l={UNK, "ьxъ"}, d={UNK, "ьmъ"}, i={UNK, "ьmi"}}		) end

return forms, "i-stem", masc and {"masculine i-stem nouns"} or {"feminine i-stem nouns"} end

declensions["feminine i-stem"] = function(data) return handle_i_stem(data, false) end

declensions["masculine i-stem"] = function(data) return handle_i_stem(data, "masc") end

declensions["u-stem"] = function(data) local forms = {}

if data.desinence ~= "ъ" then error("u-stem nouns must end in -ъ") end if data.ap == "a" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			-- FIXME! Need accents for voc, dual			{n=data.nom_sg, a=data.nom_sg, g={GRAVE, "u"}, l={GRAVE, "ū"}, d={GRAVE, "ovi"}, i={GRAVE, "ъmь"}, v={GRAVE, "u"}},			{n={GRAVE, "y"}, g={GRAVE, "ovu"}, d={GRAVE, "ъma"}},			{n={GRAVE, "ove"}, a={GRAVE, "y"}, g={GRAVE, "ovъ"}, l={GRAVE, "ъxъ"}, d={GRAVE, "ъmъ"}, i={GRAVE, "ъmī"}}		) elseif data.ap == "b" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			-- FIXME! Need accents for voc			{n={TILDE, "ъ"}, a={TILDE, "ъ"}, g={MACRON, "ù"}, l={TILDE, "u"}, d={MACRON, "òvi"}, i={MACRON, "ъ̀mь"}, v={UNK, "u"}},			{n={MACRON, "ỳ"}, g={MACRON, "òvu"}, d={TILDE, "ъma"}},			{n={MACRON, "òve"}, a={MACRON, "ỳ"}, g={MACRON, "òvъ"}, l={MACRON, "ъ̀xъ"}, d={MACRON, "ъ̀mъ"}, i={TILDE, "ъmī"}}		) elseif data.ap == "c" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			-- FIXME! Need accents for voc			{n={INVBREVE, "ъ"}, a={INVBREVE, "ъ"}, g={INVBREVE, "u"}, l={"", "ú"}, d={INVBREVE, "ovi"}, i={INVBREVE, "ъmь"}, v={UNK, "u"}},			{n={INVBREVE, "y"}, g={"", "ovù"}, d={"", "ъmà"}},			{n={INVBREVE, "ove"}, a={INVBREVE, "y"}, g={"", "òvъ"}, l={INVBREVE, "ъxъ"}, d={INVBREVE, "ъmъ"}, i={"", "ъmì"}}		) else add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			{n=data.nom_sg, a=data.nom_sg, g={UNK, "u"}, l={UNK, "u"}, d={UNK, "ovi"}, i={UNK, "ъmь"}, v={UNK, "u"}},			{n={UNK, "y"}, g={UNK, "ovu"}, d={UNK, "ъma"}},			{n={UNK, "ove"}, a={UNK, "y"}, g={UNK, "ovъ"}, l={UNK, "ъxъ"}, d={UNK, "ъmъ"}, i={UNK, "ъmi"}}		) end

return forms, "u-stem" end

declensions["hard a-stem"] = function(data) local forms = {}

if data.ap == "a" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			{n=data.nom_sg, a={GRAVE, "ǫ"}, g={GRAVE, "y"}, l={GRAVE, "ě", pal2=true}, d={GRAVE, "ě", pal2=true}, i={{GRAVE, "ojǫ"}, {GRAVE, "ǭ", footnote=contract_across_j_note}}, v={GRAVE, "o"}},			{n={GRAVE, "ě", pal2=true}, g={GRAVE, "u"}, d={GRAVE, "ama"}},			{n={GRAVE, "y"}, a={GRAVE, "y"}, g={GRAVE, "ъ"}, l={{GRAVE, "asъ"}, {GRAVE, "axъ", footnote=a_stem_loc_pl_note}}, d={GRAVE, "amъ"}, i={GRAVE, "amī"}}		) elseif data.ap == "b" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			-- FIXME! Need accents for voc			{n={MACRON, "à"}, a={MACRON, "ǫ̀"}, g={MACRON, "ỳ"}, l={MACRON, "ě̀", pal2=true}, d={MACRON, "ě̀", pal2=true}, i={{MACRON, "òjǫ"}, {TILDE, "ǫ", footnote=contract_across_j_note}}, v={UNK, "o"}},			{n={TILDE, "ě", pal2=true}, g={MACRON, "ù"}, d={MACRON, "àma"}},			{n={MACRON, "ỳ"}, a={MACRON, "ỳ"}, g={TILDE, "ъ"}, l={{MACRON, "àsъ"}, {MACRON, "àxъ", footnote=a_stem_loc_pl_note}}, d={MACRON, "àmъ"}, i={MACRON, "àmī"}}		) elseif data.ap == "c" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			-- FIXME! Need accents for voc			{n={"", "à"}, a={INVBREVE, "ǫ"}, g={"", "ý"}, l={INVBREVE, "ě", pal2=true}, d={"", "ě̀", pal2=true}, i={"", "ojǫ́"}, v={UNK, "o"}},			{n={INVBREVE, "ě", pal2=true}, g={"", "ù"}, d={"", "àma"}},			{n={INVBREVE, "y"}, a={INVBREVE, "y"}, g={TILDE, "ъ"}, l={{"", "àsъ"}, {"", "àxъ", footnote=a_stem_loc_pl_note}}, d={"", "àmъ"}, i={"", "àmi"}}		) else add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			{n=data.nom_sg, a={UNK, "ǫ"}, g={UNK, "y"}, l={UNK, "ě", pal2=true}, d={UNK, "ě", pal2=true}, i={{UNK, "ojǫ"}, {UNK, "ǫ", footnote=contract_across_j_note}}, v={LEAVE, "o"}},			{n={UNK, "ě", pal2=true}, g={UNK, "u"}, d={UNK, "ama"}},			{n={UNK, "y"}, a={UNK, "y"}, g={UNK, "ъ"}, l={{UNK, "asъ"}, {UNK, "axъ", footnote=a_stem_loc_pl_note}}, d={UNK, "amъ"}, i={UNK, "ami"}}		) end

return forms, "hard a-stem" end

declensions["soft a-stem"] = function(data) local forms = {} local stem = data.ustem local title -- ī-stems share the same endings as soft a-stems in all cases except for the nominative singular, so they are handled as a	-- special case of them. -- for genuine ī-stems that are not preceded by a soft, palatal consonant (e.g. olni) we add "j" everywhere except in nom_sg if data.desinence == "i" then title = "ī-stem" stem = com.iotate(stem) else if not rfind(stem, "[cčďjľňřšťž]$") and not rfind(stem, "dz$") then error("Soft a-stem must end in a soft consonant (given: " .. stem .. ")")		end title = "soft a-stem" end if data.ap == "a" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			{n=data.nom_sg, a={GRAVE, "ǫ"}, g={GRAVE, "ę̇"}, l={GRAVE, "ī"}, d={GRAVE, "ī"}, i={{GRAVE, "ējǫ"}, {GRAVE, "ǭ", footnote=contract_across_j_note}}, v={GRAVE, "e"}},			{n={GRAVE, "i"}, g={GRAVE, "u"}, d={GRAVE, "ama"}},			{n={GRAVE, "ę̇"}, a={GRAVE, "ę̇"}, g={GRAVE, "ь"}, l={GRAVE, "āsъ"}, d={GRAVE, "āmъ"}, i={GRAVE, "āmī"}}		) elseif data.ap == "b" then -- Some accent-b ja-stem nouns behave more like a-stem nouns (e.g.		-- *svě̄ťà), while others take the standard form with neoacute accent -- (vòlja). Remember that data.nom_sg and data.stem are decomposed. if rfind(data.nom_sg, "a" .. GRAVE .. "$") then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,				-- FIXME! Need accents for voc				{n={MACRON, "à"}, a={MACRON, "ǫ̀"}, g={MACRON, "ę̇̀"}, l={MACRON, "ì"}, d={MACRON, "ì"}, i={{MACRON, "èjǫ"}, {TILDE, "ǫ", footnote=contract_across_j_note}}, v={UNK, "e"}},				{n={TILDE, "i"}, g={MACRON, "ù"}, d={MACRON, "àma"}},				{n={MACRON, "ę̇̀"}, a={MACRON, "ę̇̀"}, g={TILDE, "ь"}, l={{MACRON, "àsъ"}, {MACRON, "àxъ", footnote=a_stem_loc_pl_note}}, d={MACRON, "àmъ"}, i={MACRON, "àmī"}}			) else add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,				-- FIXME! Need accents for voc				{n={TILDE, "a"}, a={TILDE, "ǫ"}, g={TILDE, "ę̇"}, l={TILDE, "i"}, d={TILDE, "i"}, i={{TILDE, "ejǫ"}, {TILDE, "ǫ", footnote=contract_across_j_note}}, v={UNK, "e"}},				{n={TILDE, "i"}, g={TILDE, "u"}, d={TILDE, "ama"}},				{n={TILDE, "ę̇"}, a={TILDE, "ę̇"}, g={TILDE, "ь"}, l={{TILDE, "asъ"}, {TILDE, "axъ", footnote=a_stem_loc_pl_note}}, d={TILDE, "amъ"}, i={TILDE, "amī"}}			) end elseif data.ap == "c" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			-- FIXME! Need accents for voc			{n={"", "à"}, a={INVBREVE, "ǫ"}, g={"", "ę̇́"}, l={INVBREVE, "ī"}, d={"", "ì"}, i={"", "ejǫ́"}, v={UNK, "e"}},			{n={INVBREVE, "i"}, g={"", "ù"}, d={"", "àma"}},			{n={INVBREVE, "ę̇"}, a={INVBREVE, "ę̇"}, g={TILDE, "ь"}, l={{"", "àsъ"}, {"", "àxъ", footnote=a_stem_loc_pl_note}}, d={"", "àmъ"}, i={"", "àmi"}}		) else add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			{n=data.nom_sg, a={UNK, "ǫ"}, g={UNK, "ę̇"}, l={UNK, "i"}, d={UNK, "i"}, i={{UNK, "ejǫ"}, {UNK, "ǫ", footnote=contract_across_j_note}}, v={LEAVE, "e"}},			{n={UNK, "i"}, g={UNK, "u"}, d={UNK, "ama"}},			{n={UNK, "ę̇"}, a={UNK, "ę̇"}, g={UNK, "ь"}, l={{UNK, "asъ"}, {UNK, "axъ", footnote=a_stem_loc_pl_note}}, d={UNK, "amъ"}, i={UNK, "ami"}}		) end

return forms, title end

declensions["soft neuter o-stem"] = function(data) local forms = {}

-- FIXME! No forms given for ap=a in Verweij if data.ap == "b" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			-- FIXME! Need accents for dual			{n={MACRON, "è"}, a={MACRON, "è"}, g={MACRON, "à"}, l={MACRON, "ì"}, d={MACRON, "ù"}, i={{MACRON, "ь̀mь"}, {MACRON, "èmь", footnote=soft_o_stem_ins_sg_note}}, v={MACRON, "è"}},			{n={TILDE, "i"}, g={UNK, "u"}, d={UNK, "ema"}}, -- The plural has neoacute throughout. Does the dual have this also?			{n={TILDE, "a"}, a={TILDE, "a"}, g={TILDE, "ь"}, l={TILDE, "ixъ"}, d={TILDE, "emъ"}, i={TILDE, "i"}}		) elseif data.ap == "c" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			{n={INVBREVE, "e"}, a={INVBREVE, "e"}, g={INVBREVE, "a"}, l={INVBREVE, "i"}, d={INVBREVE, "u"}, i={{INVBREVE, "ьmь"}, {INVBREVE, "emь", footnote=soft_o_stem_ins_sg_note}}, v={INVBREVE, "e"}},			{n={INVBREVE, "i"}, g={"", "ù"}, d={"", "emà"}},			{n={"", "à"}, a={"", "à"}, g={TILDE, "ь"}, l={"", "íxъ"}, d={"", "émъ"}, i={"", "í"}}		) else add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			{n=data.nom_sg, a=data.nom_sg, g={UNK, "a"}, l={UNK, "i"}, d={UNK, "u"}, i={{UNK, "ьmь"}, {UNK, "emь", footnote=soft_o_stem_ins_sg_note}}, v=data.nom_sg},			{n={UNK, "i"}, g={UNK, "u"}, d={UNK, "ema"}},			{n={UNK, "a"}, a={UNK, "a"}, g={UNK, "ь"}, l={UNK, "ixъ"}, d={UNK, "emъ"}, i={UNK, "i"}}		) end

return forms, "soft o-stem", {"soft neuter o-stem nouns"} end

declensions["hard neuter o-stem"] = function(data) local forms = {}

if data.ap == "a" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			{n=data.nom_sg, a=data.nom_sg, g={GRAVE, "a"}, l={GRAVE, "ě", pal2=true}, d={GRAVE, "u"}, i={{GRAVE, "ъmь"}, {GRAVE, "omь", footnote=hard_o_stem_ins_sg_note}}, v=data.nom_sg},			{n={GRAVE, "ě", pal2=true}, g={GRAVE, "u"}, d={GRAVE, "oma"}},			{n={GRAVE, "a"}, a={GRAVE, "a"}, g={GRAVE, "ъ"}, l={GRAVE, "ě̄xъ", pal2=true}, d={GRAVE, "omъ"}, i={GRAVE, "ȳ"}}		) elseif data.ap == "b" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			{n={MACRON, "ò"}, a={MACRON, "ò"}, g={MACRON, "à"}, l={MACRON, "ě̀", pal2=true}, d={MACRON, "ù"}, i={{MACRON, "ъ̀mь"}, {MACRON, "òmь", footnote=hard_o_stem_ins_sg_note}}, v={MACRON, "ò"}},			{n={TILDE, "ě", pal2=true}, g={MACRON, "ù"}, d={MACRON, "òma"}},			{n={MACRON, "à"}, a={MACRON, "à"}, g={TILDE, "ъ"}, l={TILDE, "ěxъ", pal2=true}, d={MACRON, "òmъ"}, i={TILDE, "y"}}		) elseif data.ap == "c" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			{n={INVBREVE, "o"}, a={INVBREVE, "o"}, g={INVBREVE, "a"}, l={INVBREVE, "ě", pal2=true}, d={INVBREVE, "u"}, i={{INVBREVE, "ъmь"}, {INVBREVE, "omь", footnote=hard_o_stem_ins_sg_note}}, v=data.nom_sg},			{n={INVBREVE, "ě", pal2=true}, g={"", "ù"}, d={"", "omà"}},			{n={"", "à"}, a={"", "à"}, g={TILDE, "ъ"}, l={"", "ě̃xъ", pal2=true}, d={"", "òmъ"}, i={"", "ý"}}		) else add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			{n=data.nom_sg, a=data.nom_sg, g={UNK, "a"}, l={UNK, "ě", pal2=true}, d={UNK, "u"}, i={{UNK, "ъmь"}, {UNK, "omь", footnote=hard_o_stem_ins_sg_note}}, v=data.nom_sg},			{n={UNK, "ě", pal2=true}, g={UNK, "u"}, d={UNK, "oma"}},			{n={UNK, "a"}, a={UNK, "a"}, g={UNK, "ъ"}, l={UNK, "ěxъ", pal2=true}, d={UNK, "omъ"}, i={UNK, "y"}}		) end

return forms, "hard o-stem", {"hard neuter o-stem nouns"} end

declensions["hard masculine o-stem"] = function(data) local forms = {}

if data.ap == "a" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			{n=data.nom_sg, a=data.nom_sg, g={GRAVE, "a"}, l={GRAVE, "ě", pal2=true}, d={GRAVE, "u"}, i={{GRAVE, "ъmь"}, {GRAVE, "omь", footnote=hard_o_stem_ins_sg_note}}, v={GRAVE, "e", pal1=true}},			{n={GRAVE, "a"}, g={GRAVE, "u"}, d={GRAVE, "oma"}},			{n={GRAVE, "i", pal2=true}, a={GRAVE, "y"}, g={GRAVE, "ъ"}, l={GRAVE, "ě̄xъ", pal2=true}, d={GRAVE, "omъ"}, i={GRAVE, "ȳ"}}		) elseif data.ap == "b" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			-- FIXME! Need accents for vocative sg			{n={TILDE, "ъ"}, a={TILDE, "ъ"}, g={MACRON, "à"}, l={MACRON, "ě̀", pal2=true}, d={MACRON, "ù"}, i={{MACRON, "ъ̀mь"}, {MACRON, "òmь", footnote=hard_o_stem_ins_sg_note}}, v={UNK, "e", pal1=true}},			{n={MACRON, "à"}, g={MACRON, "ù"}, d={MACRON, "òma"}},			{n={MACRON, "ì", pal2=true}, a={MACRON, "ỳ"}, g={TILDE, "ъ"}, l={TILDE, "ěxъ", pal2=true}, d={MACRON, "òmъ"}, i={TILDE, "y"}}		) elseif data.ap == "c" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			-- FIXME! Need accents for vocative sg			{n={INVBREVE, "ъ"}, a={INVBREVE, "ъ"}, g={INVBREVE, "a"}, l={INVBREVE, "ě", pal2=true}, d={INVBREVE, "u"}, i={{INVBREVE, "ъmь"}, {INVBREVE, "omь", footnote=hard_o_stem_ins_sg_note}}, v={UNK, "e", pal1=true}},			{n={INVBREVE, "a"}, g={"", "ù"}, d={"", "omà"}},			{n={INVBREVE, "i", pal2=true}, a={INVBREVE, "y"}, g={TILDE, "ъ"}, l={"", "ě̃xъ", pal2=true}, d={"", "òmъ"}, i={"", "ý"}}		) else add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			{n=data.nom_sg, a=data.nom_sg, g={UNK, "a"}, l={UNK, "ě", pal2=true}, d={UNK, "u"}, i={{UNK, "ъmь"}, {UNK, "omь", footnote=hard_o_stem_ins_sg_note}}, v={UNK, "e", pal1=true}},			{n={UNK, "a"}, g={UNK, "u"}, d={UNK, "oma"}},			{n={UNK, "i", pal2=true}, a={UNK, "y"}, g={UNK, "ъ"}, l={UNK, "ěxъ", pal2=true}, d={UNK, "omъ"}, i={UNK, "y"}}		) end

return forms, "hard o-stem", {"hard masculine o-stem nouns"} end

declensions["soft masculine o-stem"] = function(data) local forms = {}

local voc_e = rfind(data.stem, "c$") or rfind(data.stem, "dz$") or		rfind(data.stem, "sc$") or rfind(data.stem, "zdz$")

if data.ap == "a" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			{n=data.nom_sg, a=data.nom_sg, g={GRAVE, "a"}, l={GRAVE, "i"}, d={GRAVE, "u"}, i={{GRAVE, "ьmь"}, {GRAVE, "emь", footnote=soft_o_stem_ins_sg_note}}, v={GRAVE, voc_e and "e" or "u", pal1=true}},			{n={GRAVE, "a"}, g={GRAVE, "u"}, d={GRAVE, "ema"}},			{n={GRAVE, "i"}, a={GRAVE, "ę̇"}, g={GRAVE, "ь"}, l={GRAVE, "īxъ"}, d={GRAVE, "ēmъ"}, i={GRAVE, "ī"}}		) elseif data.ap == "b" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			-- FIXME! Need accents for vocative sg			{n={TILDE, "ь"}, a={TILDE, "ь"}, g={MACRON, "à"}, l={MACRON, "ì"}, d={MACRON, "ù"}, i={{MACRON, "ь̀mь"}, {MACRON, "èmь", footnote=soft_o_stem_ins_sg_note}}, v={UNK, voc_e and "e" or "u", pal1=true}},			{n={MACRON, "à"}, g={MACRON, "ù"}, d={MACRON, "èma"}},			{n={MACRON, "ì"}, a={MACRON, "ę̇̀"}, g={TILDE, "ь"}, l={TILDE, "ixъ"}, d={TILDE, "emъ"}, i={TILDE, "i"}}		) elseif data.ap == "c" then add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			-- FIXME! Need accents for vocative sg			{n={INVBREVE, "ь"}, a={INVBREVE, "ь"}, g={INVBREVE, "a"}, l={INVBREVE, "i"}, d={INVBREVE, "u"}, i={{INVBREVE, "ьmь"}, {INVBREVE, "emь", footnote=soft_o_stem_ins_sg_note}}, v={UNK, voc_e and "e" or "u", pal1=true}},			{n={INVBREVE, "a"}, g={"", "ù"}, d={"", "emà"}},			{n={INVBREVE, "i"}, a={INVBREVE, "ę̇"}, g={TILDE, "ь"}, l={"", "ĩxъ"}, d={"", "èmъ"}, i={"", "í"}}		) else add_forms(data, forms, data.stem,			{n=data.nom_sg, a=data.nom_sg, g={UNK, "a"}, l={UNK, "i"}, d={UNK, "u"}, i={{UNK, "ьmь"}, {UNK, "emь", footnote=soft_o_stem_ins_sg_note}}, v={UNK, voc_e and "e" or "u", pal1=true}},			{n={UNK, "a"}, g={UNK, "u"}, d={UNK, "ema"}},			{n={UNK, "i"}, a={UNK, "ę̇"}, g={UNK, "ь"}, l={UNK, "ixъ"}, d={UNK, "emъ"}, i={UNK, "i"}}		) end

return forms, "soft o-stem", {"soft masculine o-stem nouns"} end

return declensions

title: Module:sla-noun/data


text:
hyper-injunction

Etymology
By analogy with.

Noun

 * 1) (in English law) An injunction which appears to go further than a  by preventing a matter being discussed with a individual's Member of Parliament or lawyer.

title: hyper-injunction


text: hyper-injunctions

title: hyper-injunctions


text:
χάντρα

Noun

 * 1) bead

title: χάντρα


text: χαντρών

title: χαντρών


text: χάντρες

title: χάντρες


text: χάντρας

title: χάντρας


text:
reproportion

Verb

 * 1)  To modify to have different proportions.

title: reproportion


text: reproportions

title: reproportions


text: reproportioning

title: reproportioning


text:
gentleman's gentleman

Noun

 * 1)  A valet or a man's personal manservant.

title: gentleman's gentleman


text: ānquán qìnáng

title: ānquán qìnáng


text: qìnáng

title: qìnáng


text:
Template:glossary/documentation

This template provides a shorter way to link to the definitions of terms in Appendix:Glossary.

Links to nonexistent anchors are tracked by Module:glossary and can be found in Category:Pages linking to anchors not found in Appendix:Glossary.

Parameters

 * 1
 * The anchor in Appendix:Glossary to link to, and the link text if 2 is not supplied. The template will automatically convert the word to lowercase, as glossary anchors are not capitalized.

 * 2
 * Link text, if different from the anchor.

title: Template:glossary/documentation


text:
z-average

Etymology
From the first letter of the German word Zentrifuge (centrifuge), because this measurement was first used with centrifugation data.

Noun

 * 1) A weighted average where the value for each component is weighted by the square of its mass or volume.

Usage notes
The term z-average is used primarily in the context of light scattering or centrifugation measurements.

title: z-average


text: z-averages

title: z-averages


text: wikipedia

title: wikipedia


text: wikipedias

title: wikipedias


text:
持って来る

Verb

 * 1) bring (something to a person/place)

title: 持って来る


text:
anortosiitti

Etymology
(see 🇨🇬). Contains the suffix.

Noun

 * 1) anorthosite type of rock

title: anortosiitti


text:
hellruna

Etymology
From, equivalent to. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) one skilled in the mysteries of hell; a sorcerer; necromancer

title: hellruna


text: helruna

title: helruna


text: sàngshī

title: sàngshī


text:
anomaalisesti

Adverb

 * 1) anomalously

title: anomaalisesti


text:
anomaalisuus

Noun

 * 1) anomalousness

title: anomaalisuus


text:
hellrun

Etymology
Presumably from. A possible cognate of 🇨🇬 (mentioned in a Latin text in the form of ); see the Latin entry for details. More at.

Noun

 * 1) a sorceress; one who has a spirit of divination

title: hellrun


text:
anomuskaavake

Noun

 * 1) application form

title: anomuskaavake


text:
anomuslomake

Noun

 * 1) application form

title: anomuslomake


text:
anonyymihautaus

Noun

 * 1) anonymous burial

title: anonyymihautaus


text: anonyyminen

title: anonyyminen


text:
anonyymiys

Noun

 * 1) anonymity

title: anonyymiys


text: anonyymius

title: anonyymius


text:
αερολόγος

Noun

 * 1) windbag, chatterbox

title: αερολόγος


text:
πολυλογού

Noun

 * 1) chatterbox

title: πολυλογού


text:
helrynegu

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) sorceress, witch

title: helrynegu


text: αερολόγου

title: αερολόγου


text: αερολόγο

title: αερολόγο


text: αερολόγε

title: αερολόγε


text: αερολόγων

title: αερολόγων


text: αερολόγους

title: αερολόγους


text: αερολόγοι

title: αερολόγοι


text:
anoppimuori

Noun

 * 1) mother-in-law

title: anoppimuori


text:
anomuskirjelmä

Noun

 * 1) application letter

title: anomuskirjelmä


text:
anonta

Noun

 * 1)  act of applying.

title: anonta


text:
αερόλουτρο

Noun

 * 1) air bath

title: αερόλουτρο


text: αερόλουτρου

title: αερόλουτρου


text: αερόλουτρων

title: αερόλουτρων


text: αερόλουτρα

title: αερόλουτρα


text: Category:Armenian adjective-forming suffixes


text:
αερομαχώ

Verb

 * 1)  to take part in air combat

title: αερομαχώ


text:
レーストラック

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) a racetrack

title: レーストラック


text:
αερομεταφορά

Noun

 * 1)  air transport

title: αερομεταφορά


text:
Appendix:Gikun Usage in Meiji Version of Japanese Bible/携きたり

Etymology
Gikun word derived by applying Chinese-derived spelling, to native Japanese verb , a compound of 連れ (tsure, “taking someone, accompanying someone”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 連れる tsureru) + 来たる (kitaru, “to come to a person or place”).

Verb
(tsurekitari, inflection of つれきたる, tsurekitaru) → ,

 * 1) bring (someone to a person/place)


text:
masyarakat

Noun

 * 1) society

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) society

Etymology
Ultimately from.

Noun

 * 1) society

title: masyarakat


text:
失迎

Verb

 * 1)  to fail to meet a guest personally

title: 失迎


text:
熱銷

Verb

 * 1) to sell well; to do well in sales; to sell like hot cakes

title: 熱銷


text: 热销

title: 热销


text:
孱弱

Adjective

 * 1)  frail; delicate
 * 2)  weak and incompetent
 * 3)  insubstantial; weak

title: 孱弱


text: 硬笔

title: 硬笔


text:
硬筆

Noun

 * 1) hard-tipped writing utensil

title: 硬筆


text:
分攤

Verb

 * 1) to share ; to apportion

title: 分攤


text:
目測

Verb

 * 1) to estimate (the distance, the size of something) with one's eyes

title: 目測


text: 分摊

title: 分摊


text: 目测

title: 目测


text:
Ashoka

Alternative forms

 * Asoka

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1)  An ancient Indian emperor of the  who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from c. 268 to 232.
 * 2)  The charioteer of Bhima in the epic Mahabharata.

Translations

 * Arabic: أَشُوكَا
 * Armenian: Աշոկա
 * Assamese: অশোক
 * Bengali:
 * Bihari: अशोक
 * Bishnupriya Manipuri: অশোক
 * Burmese: အသောကမင်း, အသောက
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, 阿輸柯, 阿輸迦
 * Czech: Ašóka
 * Danish: Ashoka
 * Dutch: Asoka
 * Estonian: Ašoka
 * Finnish: Ašoka, Asoka
 * French: Ashoka
 * Georgian: აშოკა
 * German: Ashoka
 * Greek:
 * Gujarati: અશોક
 * Hebrew: אשוקה
 * Hindi:
 * Icelandic: Ashoka
 * Indonesian: Asoka
 * Irish: Ashoka
 * Japanese: アショーカ, 阿育王
 * Kannada:
 * Kashmiri: اَشوک
 * Khmer:
 * Korean: ^아소카, ^아육왕
 * Macedonian: Ашока
 * Maithili: अशोक
 * Malayalam: അശോകചക്രവർത്തി
 * Maltese:
 * Marathi: अशोक
 * Nepali:
 * Newar: अशोक
 * Odia: ଅଶୋକ
 * Persian: آشوکا
 * Polish: Aśoka
 * Portuguese: Asoka, Ashoka
 * Prakrit:
 * Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀅𑀲𑁄𑀓
 * Punjabi:
 * Russian: Ашо́ка
 * Sanskrit:
 * Scottish Gaelic:
 * Serbo-Croatian: Ашока
 * Sindhi: اشوڪا
 * Sinhalese: අශෝක
 * Spanish: Aśoka
 * Tagalog: Ashoka
 * Tamil: அசோகர்
 * Telugu:
 * Thai:
 * Tibetan: མྱ་ངན་མེད
 * Turkish: Asoka
 * Ukrainian: Ашо́ка
 * Urdu: اشوک
 * Uyghur: ئاسوكا
 * Vietnamese: A-dục, A-dục vương
 * Welsh: Asoka
 * Western Panjabi: اشوک
 * Zhuang: Ayuzvuengz

 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Finnish: Ašoka
 * Marathi: अशोक
 * Portuguese:

title: Ashoka


text:
切換

Verb

 * 1) to cut ; to switch
 * 2) to change; to transform; to convert

title: 切換


text: 切换

title: 切换


text: Asoka

title: Asoka


text:
氣炸

Verb

 * 1) to be so infuriated that one's lungs are going to explode

Etymology 2
.

Verb

 * 1) to air-fry

title: 氣炸


text: 气炸

title: 气炸


text:
乾飯

Noun

 * 1) cooked rice dry, without rice water

title: 乾飯


text: 干饭

title: 干饭


text:
擋路

Verb

 * 1) to obstruct the road; to be in the way

title: 擋路


text: 挡路

title: 挡路


text:
孔雀王朝

Proper noun

 * 1) Maurya Empire of India

title: 孔雀王朝


text:
負載

Verb

 * 1) to carry; to shoulder responsibilities, hope, etc.

Noun

 * 1)  electrical load
 * 2)  load; workload; burden

title: 負載


text: 负载

title: 负载


text: Kǒngquè Wángcháo

title: Kǒngquè Wángcháo


text:
租客

Noun

 * 1) tenant; leaseholder; occupant

title: 租客


text:
Appendix:Gikun Usage in Meiji Version of Japanese Bible/熟く

Etymology
Gikun word derived by applying Chinese-derived spelling, to native Japanese adjective.

Adjective
(fuka.ku, inflected form of ふか.い, fuka.i) →  (fuka.i)

 * 1) deeply


text:
打飯

Verb

 * 1) to get food (in a canteen)

title: 打飯


text: 打饭

title: 打饭


text:
班車

Noun

 * 1) regular bus (service), such as a company bus (for daily commute of its personnel), or a long-distance coach

title: 班車


text: 班车

title: 班车


text:
測繪

Verb

 * 1) to map out; to survey and draw

title: 測繪


text:
軍歌

Noun

 * 1) army song; war song

Noun

 * 1) army song; war song

title: 軍歌


text: 测绘

title: 测绘


text: 军歌

title: 军歌


text:
南亞次大陸

Proper noun

 * 1) South Asian Subcontinent

title: 南亞次大陸


text:
次大陸

Noun

 * 1) subcontinent

title: 次大陸


text: Nányà Cìdàlù

title: Nányà Cìdàlù


text: Nányǎ Cìdàlù

title: Nányǎ Cìdàlù


text: 南亚次大陆

title: 南亚次大陆


text: Nányǎ

title: Nányǎ