text:
Module:my-pron

local export = {} local gsub = mw.ustring.gsub local sub = mw.ustring.sub local match = mw.ustring.match

local system_list = { { 1, ["type"] = "phonetic",		["name"] = "IPA" }, { 2, ["type"] = "orthographic",	["name"] = "MLCTS" }, { 3, ["type"] = "orthographic",	["name"] = "ALA-LC" }, { 4, ["type"] = "phonetic",		["name"] = "BGN/PCGN" }, { 5, ["type"] = "phonetic",		["name"] = "Okell" }, }

local initial_table = { ["က"]	=	{ "k", "k", "k", "k", "k" }, ["ကျ"]	=	{ "t͡ɕ", "ky", "ky", "ky", "c" }, ["ကြ"]	=	{ "t͡ɕ", "kr", "kr", "ky", "c" }, ["ကျွ"]	=	{ "t͡ɕw", "kyw", "kyv", "kyw", "cw" }, ["ကြွ"]	=	{ "t͡ɕw", "krw", "krv", "kyw", "cw" }, ["ကွ"]	=	{ "kw", "kw", "kv", "kw", "kw" }, ["ခ"]	=	{ "kʰ", "hk", "kh", "hk", "hk" }, ["ချ"]	=	{ "t͡ɕʰ", "hky", "khy", "ch", "hc" }, ["ခြ"]	=	{ "t͡ɕʰ", "hkr", "khr", "ch", "hc" }, ["ချွ"]	=	{ "t͡ɕʰw", "hkyw", "khyv", "chw", "hcw" }, ["ခြွ"]	=	{ "t͡ɕʰw", "hkrw", "khrv", "chw", "hcw" }, ["ခွ"]	=	{ "kʰw", "hkw", "khv", "hkw", "hkw" }, ["ဂ"]	=	{ "ɡ", "g", "g", "g", "g" }, ["ဂျ"]	=	{ "d͡ʑ", "gy", "gy", "gy", "j" }, ["ဂြ"]	=	{ "d͡ʑ", "gr", "gr", "gy", "j" }, ["ဂျွ"]	=	{ "d͡ʑw", "gyw", "gyv", "gyw", "jw" }, ["ဂွ"]	=	{ "ɡw", "gw", "gv", "gw", "gw" }, ["ဃ"]	=	{ "ɡ", "gh", "gh", "g", "g" }, ["င"]	=	{ "ŋ", "ng", "ṅ", "ng", "ng" }, ["ငှ"]	=	{ "ŋ̊", "hng", "ṅh", "hng", "hng" }, ["ငြ"]	=	{ "ɲ", "ngr", "ṅr", "ny", "ny" }, ["ငြှ"]	=	{ "ɲ̊", "hngr", "ṅrh", "hny", "hny" }, ["ငွ"]	=	{ "ŋw", "ngw", "ṅv", "ngw", "ngw" }, ["ငွှ"]	=	{ "ŋ̊w", "hngw", "ṅvh", "hngw", "hngw" }, ["စ"]	=	{ "s", "c", "c", "s", "s" }, ["စွ"]	=	{ "sw", "cw", "cv", "sw", "sw" }, ["ဆ"]	=	{ "sʰ", "hc", "ch", "hs", "hs" }, ["ဆွ"]	=	{ "sʰw", "hcw", "chv", "hsw", "hsw" }, ["ဇ"]	=	{ "z", "j", "j", "z", "z" }, ["ဇွ"]	=	{ "zw", "jw", "jv", "zw", "zw" }, ["ဈ"]	=	{ "z", "jh", "jh", "z", "z" }, ["ဉ"]	=	{ "ɲ", "ny", "ñ", "ny", "ny" }, ["ည"]	=	{ "ɲ", "ny", "ññ", "ny", "ny" }, ["ဉှ"]	=	{ "ɲ̊", "hny", "ñh", "hny", "hny" }, ["ညှ"]	=	{ "ɲ̊", "hny", "ññh", "hny", "hny" }, ["ညွ"]	=	{ "ɲw", "nyw", "ñv", "nyw", "nyw" }, ["ညွှ"]	=	{ "ɲ̊w", "hnyw", "ñvh", "hnyw", "hnyw" }, ["ဋ"]	=	{ "t", "t", "ṭ", "t", "t" }, ["ဌ"]	=	{ "tʰ", "ht", "ṭh", "ht", "ht" }, ["ဍ"]	=	{ "d", "d", "ḍ", "d", "d" }, ["ဎ"]	=	{ "d", "dh", "ḍh", "d", "d" }, ["ဏ"]	=	{ "n", "n", "ṇ", "n", "n" }, ["ဏှ"]	=	{ "n̥", "hn", "ṇh", "hn", "hn" }, ["တ"]	=	{ "t", "t", "t", "t", "t" }, ["တျ"]	=	{ "tj", "ty", "ty", "ty", "ty" }, ["တြ"]	=	{ "tɹ", "tr", "tr", "tr", "tr" }, ["တွ"]	=	{ "tw", "tw", "tv", "tw", "tw" }, ["ထ"]	=	{ "tʰ", "ht", "th", "ht", "ht" }, ["ထွ"]	=	{ "tʰw", "htw", "thv", "htw", "htw" }, ["ဒ"]	=	{ "d", "d", "d", "d", "d" }, ["ဒျ"]	=	{ "dj", "dy", "dy", "dy", "dy" }, ["ဒြ"]	=	{ "dɹ", "dr", "dr", "dr", "dr" }, ["ဒွ"]	=	{ "dw", "dw", "dv", "dw", "dw" }, ["ဓ"]	=	{ "d", "dh", "dh", "d", "d" }, ["န"]	=	{ "n", "n", "n", "n", "n" }, ["နှ"]	=	{ "n̥", "hn", "nh", "hn", "hn" }, ["နျ"]	=	{ "nj", "ny", "ny", "ny", "ny" }, ["နွ"]	=	{ "nw", "nw", "nv", "nw", "nw" }, ["နွှ"]	=	{ "n̥w", "hnw", "nvh", "hnw", "hnw" }, ["ပ"]	=	{ "p", "p", "p", "p", "p" }, ["ပျ"]	=	{ "pj", "py", "py", "py", "py" }, ["ပြ"]	=	{ "pj", "pr", "pr", "py", "py" }, ["ပြွ"]	=	{ "pw", "prw", "prv", "pw", "pw" }, ["ပွ"]	=	{ "pw", "pw", "pv", "pw", "pw" }, ["ဖ"]	=	{ "pʰ", "hp", "ph", "hp", "hp" }, ["ဖျ"]	=	{ "pʰj", "hpy", "phy", "hpy", "hpy" }, ["ဖြ"]	=	{ "pʰj", "hpr", "phr", "hpy", "hpy" }, ["ဖွ"]	=	{ "pʰw", "hpw", "phv", "hpw", "hpw" }, ["ဗ"]	=	{ "b", "b", "b", "b", "b" }, ["ဗျ"]	=	{ "bj", "by", "by", "by", "by" }, ["ဗြ"]	=	{ "bj", "br", "br", "by", "by" }, ["ဗွ"]	=	{ "bw", "bw", "bv", "bw", "bw" }, ["ဘ"]	=	{ "b", "bh", "bh", "b", "b" }, ["-ဘ"]	=	{ "pʰ", "bh", "bh", "hp", "hp" }, ["ဘွ"]	=	{ "bw", "bhw", "bhv", "bw", "bw" }, ["-ဘွ"]	=	{ "pʰw", "bhw", "bhw", "hpw", "hpw" }, ["မ"]	=	{ "m", "m", "m", "m", "m" }, ["မှ"]	=	{ "m̥", "hm", "mh", "hm", "hm" }, ["မျ"]	=	{ "mj", "my", "my", "my", "my" }, ["မျှ"]	=	{ "m̥j", "hmy", "myh", "hmy", "hmy" }, ["မြ"]	=	{ "mj", "mr", "mr", "my", "my" }, ["မြှ"]	=	{ "m̥j", "hmr", "mrh", "hmy", "hmy" }, ["မြွ"]	=	{ "mjw", "mrw", "mrv", "myw", "myw" }, ["မြွှ"]	=	{ "m̥w", "hmrw", "mrvh", "hmw", "hmw" }, ["မွ"]	=	{ "mw", "mw", "mv", "mw", "mw" }, ["မွှ"]	=	{ "m̥w", "hmw", "mvh", "hmw", "hmw" }, ["ယ"]	=	{ "j", "y", "y", "y", "y" }, ["ယှ"]	=	{ "ʃ", "hy", "yh", "sh", "hy" }, ["သျှ"] = { "ʃ", "hsy", "syh", "sh", "hy" }, ["ယွ"]	=	{ "jw", "yw", "yv", "yw", "yw" }, ["ရ"]	=	{ "j", "r", "r", "y", "y" }, ["*ရ"]	=	{ "ɹ", "r", "r", "r", "r" }, ["ရှ"]	=	{ "ʃ", "hr", "rh", "sh", "hy" }, ["ရွ"]	=	{ "jw", "rw", "rv", "yw", "yw" }, ["ရွှ"]	=	{ "ʃw", "hrw", "rvh", "shw", "hyw" }, ["လ"]	=	{ "l", "l", "l", "l", "l" }, ["လှ"]	=	{ "l̥", "hl", "lh", "hl", "hl" }, ["လျ"]	=	{ "j", "ly", "ly", "y", "y" }, ["+သျှ"] = { "j", "hsy", "syh", "y", "y" }, ["*လျ"]	=	{ "lj", "ly", "ly", "ly", "ly" }, ["လျှ"]	=	{ "ʃ", "hly", "lyh", "sh", "hy" }, ["*လျှ"]	=	{ "l̥j", "hly", "lyh", "hly", "hly" }, ["လွ"]	=	{ "lw", "lw", "lv", "lw", "lw" }, ["လွှ"]	=	{ "l̥w", "hlw", "lvh", "hlw", "hlw" }, ["ဝ"]	=	{ "w", "w", "v", "w", "w" }, ["ဝှ"]	=	{ "ʍ", "hw", "vh", "hw", "hw" }, ["သ"]	=	{ "θ", "s", "s", "th", "th" }, ["+သ"]	=	{ "ð", "s", "s", "dh", "th" }, ["သွ"]	=	{ "θw", "sw", "sv", "thw", "thw" }, ["+သွ"]	=	{ "ðw", "sw", "sw", "dhw", "thw" }, ["ဟ"]	=	{ "h", "h", "h", "h", "h" }, ["ဟွ"]	=	{ "hw", "hw", "hv", "hw", "hw" }, ["ဠ"]	=	{ "l", "l", "ḷ", "l", "l" }, ["အ"]	=	{ "ʔ", "", "ʼ", "", "" }, -- only appears after a vowel in the same word ["ဿ"]	=	{ "ʔθ", "ss", "ss", "tth", "ʔth" }, [""]	=	{ "ʔ", "", "", "", "" }, ["-"]	=	{ "", "", "", "", "" },	["ျ"]	=	{ nil, "y", "y", nil, nil }, ["ြ"]	=	{ nil, "r", "r", nil, nil }, ["ွ"]	=	{ nil, "w", "w", nil, nil }, }

local initial_voicing = { ["+က"]	=	"ဂ", ["+ခ"]	=	"ဂ", ["+စ"]	=	"ဇ", ["+ဆ"]	=	"ဇ", ["+ဋ"]	=	"ဍ", ["+ဌ"]	=	"ဍ", ["+တ"]	=	"ဒ", ["+ထ"]	=	"ဒ", ["+ပ"]	=	"ဗ", ["+ဖ"]	=	"ဗ", ["-ဘ"]	=	"ဖ", }

local final_table = { [""]	=	{ "a̰", "a.", "a", "a.", "á" }, ["က်"]	=	{ "ɛʔ", "ak", "akʻ", "et", "eʔ" }, ["င်"]	=	{ "ɪ̀ɴ", "ang", "aṅʻ", "in", "iñ" }, ["စ်"]	=	{ "ɪʔ", "ac", "acʻ", "it", "iʔ" }, ["ည်"]	=	{ "ì", "any", "aññʻ", "i", "i" }, ["ည်2"]	=	{ "è", "any", "aññʻ", "e", "ei" }, ["ည်3"]	=	{ "ɛ̀", "any", "aññʻ", "è", "e" }, ["ဉ်"]	=	{ "ɪ̀ɴ", "any", "añʻ", "in", "iñ" }, ["တ်"]	=	{ "aʔ", "at", "atʻ", "at", "aʔ" }, ["န်"]	=	{ "àɴ", "an", "anʻ", "an", "añ" }, ["ပ်"]	=	{ "aʔ", "ap", "apʻ", "at", "aʔ" }, ["မ်"]	=	{ "àɴ", "am", "amʻ", "an", "añ" }, ["ယ်"]	=	{ "ɛ̀", "ai", "ayʻ", "è", "e" }, ["ံ"]	=	{ "àɴ", "am", "aṃ", "an", "añ" }, ["ာ"]	=	{ "à", "a", "ā", "a", "a" }, ["ါ"]	=	{ "à", "a", "ā", "a", "a" }, ["ိ"]	=	{ "ḭ", "i.", "i", "i.", "í" }, ["ိတ်"]	=	{ "eɪʔ", "it", "itʻ", "eik", "eiʔ" }, ["ိန်"]	=	{ "èɪɴ", "in", "inʻ", "ein", "eiñ" }, ["ိပ်"]	=	{ "eɪʔ", "ip", "ipʻ", "eik", "eiʔ" }, ["ိမ်"]	=	{ "èɪɴ", "im", "imʻ", "ein", "eiñ" }, ["ိံ"]	=	{ "èɪɴ", "im", "iṃ", "ein", "eiñ" }, ["ီ"]	=	{ "ì", "i", "ī", "i", "i" }, ["ု"]	=	{ "ṵ", "u.", "u", "u.", "ú" }, ["ုတ်"]	=	{ "oʊʔ", "ut", "utʻ", "ok", "ouʔ" }, ["ုန်"]	=	{ "òʊɴ", "un", "unʻ", "on", "ouñ" }, ["ုပ်"]	=	{ "oʊʔ", "up", "upʻ", "ok", "ouʔ" }, ["ုမ်"]	=	{ "òʊɴ", "um", "umʻ", "on", "ouñ" }, ["ုံ"]	=	{ "òʊɴ", "um", "uṃ", "on", "ouñ" }, ["ူ"]	=	{ "ù", "u", "ū", "u", "u" }, ["ေ"]	=	{ "è", "e", "e", "e", "ei" }, ["ဲ"]	=	{ "ɛ́", "ai:", "ai", "è:", "è" }, ["ော"]	=	{ "ɔ́", "au:", "o", "aw:", "ò" }, ["ောက်"]	=	{ "aʊʔ", "auk", "okʻ", "auk", "auʔ" }, ["ောင်"]	=	{ "àʊɴ", "aung", "oṅʻ", "aung", "auñ" }, ["ော်"]	=	{ "ɔ̀", "au", "oʻ", "aw", "o" }, ["ို"]	=	{ "ò", "ui", "ui", "o", "ou" }, ["ိုက်"]	=	{ "aɪʔ", "uik", "uikʻ", "aik", "aiʔ" }, ["ိုင်"]	=	{ "àɪɴ", "uing", "uiṅʻ", "aing", "aiñ" }, ["ွတ်"]	=	{ "ʊʔ", "wat", "vatʻ", "ut", "uʔ" }, ["ွန်"]	=	{ "ʊ̀ɴ", "wan", "vanʻ", "un", "uñ" }, ["ွပ်"]	=	{ "ʊʔ", "wap", "vapʻ", "ut", "uʔ" }, ["ွမ်"]	=	{ "ʊ̀ɴ", "wam", "vamʻ", "un", "uñ" }, ["ွံ"]	=	{ "ʊ̀ɴ", "wam", "vaṃ", "un", "uñ" }, ["'"]	=	{ "ə", "a", "a", "ă", "ă" }, ["်"]	=	{ "", "", "ʻ", "", "" }, }

local nucleus_table = { [""]	=	{ "à", "a", "a", "a", "a" }, ["ိ"]	=	{ "ì", "i", "i", "i", "i" }, ["ု"]	=	{ "ù", "u", "u", "u", "u" }, ["ော"]	=	{ "ɔ̀", "au", "o", "aw", "o" }, ["ေါ"]	=	{ "ɔ̀", "au", "o", "aw", "o" }, ["ွ"]	=	{ "ʊ̀", "wa", "va", "u", "u" }, }

local indep_letter_table = { ["ဣ"]	=	{ "ḭ", "i.", "i", "i.", "í" }, ["ဤ"]	=	{ "ì", "i", "ī", "i", "i" }, ["ဥ"]	=	{ "ṵ", "u.", "u", "u.", "ú" }, ["ဦ"]	=	{ "ù", "u", "ū", "u", "u" }, ["ဧ"]	=	{ "è", "e", "e", "e", "ei" }, ["၏"]	=	{ "ɛ̰", "e", "e*", "è.", "é" }, ["ဩ"]	=	{ "ɔ́", "au:", "o", "aw:", "ò" }, ["ဪ"]	=	{ "ɔ̀", "au", "oʻ", "aw", "o" }, ["၌"]	=	{ "n̥aɪʔ", "hnai.", "n*", "hnaik", "hnaiʔ" }, ["၍"]	=	{ "jwḛ", "rwe", "r*", "ywe.", "yweí" }, }

local tone_table = { ["း"] = { "́", ":", "ʺ", ":", "̀" }, ["့"] = { "̰", ".", "ʹ", ".", "́" }, }

local ambig_intersyl = { [1] = {	},

[2] = {		["ky"] = 1, ["kr"] = 1, ["kw"] = 1, ["gy"] = 1, ["gr"] = 1, ["gw"] = 1, ["ng"] = 1, ["ny"] = 1, ["cw"] = 1, ["tw"] = 1, ["nw"] = 1, ["py"] = 1, ["pr"] = 1, ["pw"] = 1, ["my"] = 1, ["mr"] = 1, ["mw"] = 1, },

[3] = {	},

[4] = {		["ky"] = 1, ["kr"] = 1, ["kw"] = 1, ["gy"] = 1, ["gr"] = 1, ["gw"] = 1, ["ng"] = 1, ["ny"] = 1, ["cw"] = 1, ["tw"] = 1, ["nw"] = 1, ["tr"] = 1, ["tw"] = 1, ["py"] = 1, ["pr"] = 1, ["pw"] = 1, ["my"] = 1, ["mr"] = 1, ["mw"] = 1, },

[5] = {		["ou"] = 1, }, }

local reverse_table = { ["hm"] = "မှ", ["m"] = "မ", ["hn"] = "နှ", ["n"] = "န", ["hny"] = "ညှ", ["ny"] = "ည", ["hng"] = "ငှ", ["ng"] = "င", ["p"] = "ပ", ["hp"] = "ဖ", ["b"] = "ဗ", ["t"] = "တ", ["ht"] = "ထ", ["d"] = "ဒ", ["c"] = "ကျ", ["hc"] = "ချ", ["j"] = "ဂျ", ["k"] = "က", ["hk"] = "ခ", ["g"] = "ဂ", [""] = "အ", ["th"] = "သ", ["+th"] = "+သ", ["s"] = "စ", ["hs"] = "ဆ", ["z"] = "ဇ", ["hy"] = "ရှ", ["h"] = "ဟ", ["r"] = "*ရ", ["y"] = "ယ", ["hw"] = "ဝှ", ["w"] = "ဝ", ["hl"] = "လှ", ["l"] = "လ", ["hmw"] = "မွှ", ["mw"] = "မွ", ["hmy"] = "မျှ", ["my"] = "မျ", ["hnw"] = "နွှ", ["nw"] = "နွ", ["hnyw"] = "ညွှ", ["nyw"] = "ညွ", ["hngw"] = "ငွှ", ["ngw"] = "ငွ", ["pw"] = "ပွ", ["hpw"] = "ဖွ", ["bw"] = "ဗွ", ["py"] = "ပျ", ["hpy"] = "ဖျ", ["by"] = "ဗျ", ["tw"] = "တွ", ["htw"] = "ထွ", ["dw"] = "ဒွ", ["cw"] = "ကျွ", ["hcw"] = "ချွ", ["jw"] = "ဂျွ", ["kw"] = "ကွ", ["hkw"] = "ခွ", ["gw"] = "ဂွ", ["thw"] = "သွ", ["sw"] = "စွ", ["hsw"] = "ဆွ", ["zw"] = "ဇွ", ["hyw"] = "ရွှ", ["hw"] = "ဟွ", ["yw"] = "ယွ", ["hlw"] = "လွှ", ["lw"] = "လွ", ["hly"] = "*လျှ", ["ly"] = "*လျ", ["i"] = "ီ", ["i\\"] = "ီး", ["i/"] = "ိ", ["i?"] = "စ်", ["i~"] = "င်", ["i\\~"] = "င်း", ["i/~"] = "င့်", ["ei"] = "ေ", ["ei\\"] = "ေး", ["ei/"] = "ေ့", ["ei?"] = "ိတ်", ["ei~"] = "ိန်", ["ei\\~"] = "ိန်း", ["ei/~"] = "ိန့်", ["e"] = "ယ်", ["e\\"] = "ဲ", ["e/"] = "ယ့်", ["e?"] = "က်", ["ai~"] = "ိုင်", ["ai\\~"] = "ိုင်း", ["ai/~"] = "ိုင့်", ["ai?"] = "ိုက်", ["a"] = "ာ", ["a\\"] = "ား", ["a/"] = "", ["a?"] = "တ်", ["a~"] = "န်", ["a\\~"] = "န်း", ["a/~"] = "န့်", ["o"] = "ော်", ["o\\"] = "ော", ["o/"] = "ော့", ["au?"] = "ောက်", ["au~"] = "ောင်", ["au\\~"] = "ောင်း", ["au/~"] = "ောင့်", ["ou"] = "ို", ["ou\\"] = "ိုး", ["ou/"] = "ို့", ["ou?"] = "ုပ်", ["ou~"] = "ုန်", ["ou\\~"] = "ုန်း", ["ou/~"] = "ုန့်", ["u"] = "ူ", ["u\\"] = "ူး", ["u/"] = "ု", ["u?"] = "ွတ်", ["u~"] = "ွန်", ["u\\~"] = "ွန်း", ["u/~"] = "ွန့်", ["a'"] = "'", }

local repl_string = "([ကခဂဃငစဆဇဈဉညဋဌဍဎဏတထဒဓနပဖဗဘမယရလဝသဟဠအဿ][ျြွှ]*[ံ့းွာါါိီုူေဲ]*)([ကခဂဃငစဆဇဈဉညဋဌဍဎဏတထဒဓနပဖဗဘမယရလဝသဟဠအဿ][့]?[^့်္])"

local function syllabify(text) text = gsub(text, "('?)([%+%-%*]*)", function(a, b)		if a .. b ~= "" then return a .. " " .. b end		end) text = gsub(text, "([ဣဤဥဦဧဩဪ၏၌၍][့း်]?)(.?)(.?)", function(a, b, c)		return (c == "္" and " "..a..b.." "..c or (c == "်" and " "..a..b..c or " "..a.." "..b..c))		end) .. " "	text = gsub(text, "(်း?'?)", "%1 ") text = gsub(text, "([း့])([ကခဂဃငစဆဇဈဉညဋဌဍဎဏတထဒဓနပဖဗဘမယရလဝသဟဠအ]်)", "%2%1") while match(text, repl_string) do		text = gsub(text, repl_string, "%1 %2") end text = gsub(text, "္", ", ") text = gsub(text, " +", " ") text = gsub(text, "^ ?(.*[^ ]) ?$", "%1") text = gsub(text, ", ", " ") text = gsub(text, " ([23])", "%1") return text end

local function initial_by_char(initial_string, system_index, ref_table) local initial_set = {} for character in mw.text.gsplit(initial_string, "") do		local temp_initial = ref_table[character] or error("Initial data not found.") table.insert(initial_set, temp_initial[system_index] or temp_initial) end return table.concat(initial_set) end

local function generate_respelling(text) text = gsub(text, " ", " 　 ") text = gsub(text, "ါ", "ာ") if match(text, "[က-႟ꩠ-ꩻ]") then return text end text = gsub(text, "(%+?)([^%?%+'/\\~aeiou　]*)(/?)([%?'/\\~aeiou]+)", function(voicing_mark, latin_initial, opt_sep, latin_final)		return 			voicing_mark .. 			(reverse_table[latin_initial] or initial_by_char(latin_initial, nil, reverse_table)) .. 			opt_sep ..			reverse_table[latin_final]	end) return text end

local function process(initial, final, tone, schwa, system, system_index) if match(initial .. final, "ွှ?[တနပမံ]") and system["type"] == "phonetic" then initial = gsub(initial, "[ွ/]", "") final = "ွ" .. final else initial = gsub(initial, "/", "") end initial_new = system["type"] == "phonetic" and gsub(initial, "%+.", initial_voicing) or initial if indep_letter_table[initial_new] then initial_new = match(initial_new, "[၌၍]") and "-" or "" final = initial .. final end if initial_new == "မြွ" then require('Module:debug').track('my-pron/mrw') end

initial_data = initial_table[initial_new] or initial_table[gsub(initial_new, "[%+%-%*]", "")] or (system["type"] == "orthographic" 			and initial_by_char(initial_new, system_index, initial_table)			or error("Initial data not found.")) initial_value = initial_data[system_index] or initial_data

if match(initial, "^%+") and system_index == 5 then initial_value = initial_table[gsub(initial, "%+", "")][system_index] initial_value = gsub(initial_value, "^([^rwy]+)", " %1 ") end

final_data = final_table[system["type"] .. schwa == "phonetic'" and schwa or final] or (system["type"] == "phonetic" 			and (final_table[final .. "်"] or indep_letter_table[final]) 			or indep_letter_table[final]) or gsub(final, "^([^်]*)([^်])(်?)$", function(first, second, third) 			first_data = nucleus_table[first] or final_table[first] or indep_letter_table[first] or first			second_data = initial_table[second] or second			first = first_data ~= first and first_data[system_index] or first			second = second_data ~= second				and second_data[system_index] .. ((system_index == 3 and third ~= "") and "ʻ" or "")				or second			return (gsub(first .. second, "([%.:])(.*)", "%2"))			end) final_value = type(final_data) == "table" and final_data[system_index] or final_data final_value = mw.ustring.toNFD(final_value) if tone == "" then tone_value = "" else if system_index ~= 4 then final_value = gsub(final_value, "̀", "") end final_value = gsub(final_value, "[́:%.]", "") if system["type"] .. schwa == "phonetic'" then tone_value = "" else tone_data = tone_table[tone] or error("Tone data not found.") tone_value = tone_data[system_index] end end

if system_index == 1 then final_value = gsub(final_value, "^([aeəɛiɪoɔuʊ])", "%1" .. tone_value) elseif system_index == 5 then final_value = gsub(final_value, "([aeiou])([^aeiou]*)$", "%1" .. tone_value .. "%2") else final_value = final_value .. tone_value end return mw.ustring.toNFC(initial_value .. final_value) end

local function remove_wide_space(text) return (gsub(text, "　", "")) end

local function concatenate(set, system_index) if system_index == 1 then return remove_wide_space(table.concat(set)) end result_text = remove_wide_space(table.concat(set, " ")) for count = 1, 3 do		result_text = gsub(result_text, "(.) (.)([^ ]?)",			function(previous, next, after_next)				if ambig_intersyl[system_index][previous .. next] 				or ((system_index == 2 or system_index == 4) and (match(previous .. " " .. next, "[ptkgmngy] [aeiou]")					or (match(previous .. next .. after_next, "[aeiou][ptkmn][rwyg]") and not match(after_next, "[aeiou]")))) then						return previous .. "-" .. next .. after_next				else					return previous .. next .. after_next				end			end) end return result_text end

function export.get_romanisation(word, pronunciations, system, system_index, mode) local sentences = {} word = gsub(word, " ", "|") if system["type"] == "phonetic" then word = gsub(word, "ဿ", "တ်သ") end word = syllabify(word) word = gsub(word, "ါ", "ာ") if system["type"] == "phonetic" then word = gsub(word, "ဝ([တနပမံ])", "ဝွ%1") end for phrase in mw.text.gsplit(word, "|", true) do		local temp = {} local syllable = mw.text.split(phrase, " ", true) for syllable_index = 1, #syllable do			syllable[syllable_index] = gsub(syllable[syllable_index], "([း့])(်)", "%2%1") temp[syllable_index] = gsub(				syllable[syllable_index], 				"^([%+%-%*]*[ကခဂဃငစဆဇဈဉညဋဌဍဎဏတထဒဓနပဖဗဘမယရလဝသဟဠအဣဤဥဦဧဩဪ၏၌၍ဿ][ျြ]?ွ?ှ?/?)([^း့']*)([း့]?)('?)$",				function(initial, final, tone, schwa)					return process(initial, final, tone, schwa, system, system_index)				end) end table.insert(sentences, concatenate(temp, system_index)) end if mode == "translit_module" then return table.concat(sentences, " ") end table.insert(pronunciations[system_index], table.concat(sentences, " ")) return pronunciations[system_index] end

local function respelling_format(phonetic, page_title) local page_title_set = mw.text.split(syllabify(page_title), " ") local new_respellings = {} for _, respelling in ipairs(phonetic) do		local respelling_set = mw.text.split(syllabify(respelling), " ") if gsub(table.concat(respelling_set), "[%+%-%*']", "") == (gsub(table.concat(page_title_set), "ါ", "ာ")) then for index, element in ipairs(respelling_set) do				if element ~= page_title_set[index] then respelling_set[index] = ' ' .. element .. ' '				end end end table.insert(new_respellings, table.concat(respelling_set)) end text = table.concat(new_respellings, ", ") text = remove_wide_space(text) text = gsub(text, "[%+%-].", initial_voicing) text = gsub(text, "([ခဂငဒပဝ]ေ?)ာ", "%1ါ") return text end

function export.generate_tests(word, respelling) respelling, word = generate_respelling(respelling), generate_respelling(word) local pronunciations = { [1] = {},		[2] = {},		[3] = {},		[4] = {},		[5] = {},	}	local p, result = { ["orthographic"] = word, ["phonetic"] = respelling or word }, {} table.sort(system_list, function(first, second) return first[1] < second[1] end) for system_index, system in ipairs(system_list) do		pronunciations[system_index] = export.get_romanisation(p[system["type"]], pronunciations, system, system_index) end for system_index = 1, 5 do		table.insert(result, table.concat(pronunciations[system_index])) end return (gsub(gsub(table.concat(result, " | "), " ", "("), " ", ")")) end

function export.make(frame) local args = frame:getParent.args local page_title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle.text local title = generate_respelling(args["word"] or page_title) local p, result = { ["orthographic"] = { title }, ["phonetic"] = {} }, {} local pronunciations = { [1] = {},		[2] = {},		[3] = {},		[4] = {},		[5] = {},	}

if not args[1] then args = { title } end for index, item in ipairs(args) do		table.insert(p["phonetic"], (item ~= "") and generate_respelling(item) or nil) end table.sort(system_list, function(first, second) return first[1] < second[1] end) for system_index, system in ipairs(system_list) do		for _, word in ipairs(p[system["type"]]) do		 	pronunciations[system_index] = export.get_romanisation(word, pronunciations, system, system_index) end end if title ~= table.concat(args) then table.insert(result, 			"* Phonetic respelling" .. (#p["phonetic"] > 1 and "s" or "") .. ": " ..			tostring( mw.html.create( "span" ) :attr( "lang", "my" ) :attr( "class", "Mymr" ) :wikitext( respelling_format( p["phonetic"], page_title ))) .. "\n" ) end

table.insert(result,		'* IPA' ..		'(key): ' ..		(tostring( mw.html.create( "span" )			:attr( "class", "IPA" )			:wikitext( "/" .. gsub(table.concat(pronunciations[1], "/, /"), "ʔʔ", "ʔ.ʔ") .. "/" ))) ..		'\n* Romanization: ') for system_index = 2, 5 do		table.insert(result, 			(system_index ~= 2 and " • " or "") ..			"" .. system_list[system_index]["name"] .. ": " .. 			table.concat(pronunciations[system_index], "/")) end return table.concat(result) end

return export

title: Module:my-pron


text:
Module:my-pron/documentation

Burmese pronunciation and romanisation module. See.

Testcases
See Module:my-pron/testcases.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Module:my-pron/documentation


text:
Template talk:my-IPA

New template
I created this template for Burmese. Most results seem to be correct, although I haven't checked it thoroughly. I'm sure there's plenty of room for improvement (such as voicing in Okell). It would be great if you could take a look at this template and kindly provide your thoughts. Thanks! Wyang (talk) 11:39, 31 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks, Wyang! One thing that would make it easier to use is if it could take a Latin-alphabet (ASCII characters) transcription as the phonetic respelling (probably in addition to, not instead of, the Burmese-alphabet respelling). —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 12:46, 31 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks! You've actually fulfilled my wishes! (Remember how I just casually asked you about creating a module?) – AWESOME meeos ！ *  (chōmtī hao /t͡ɕoːm˩˧.tiː˩˧ haw˦˥/) 12:49, 31 January 2017 (UTC)

 * What does the  parameter do? Is it ever anything besides the pagename? —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 12:51, 31 January 2017 (UTC)
 * In hsibouñ̀ and ouñ̀zi, the grave accent needs to be over the u, not the ñ. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 12:53, 31 January 2017 (UTC)

Thanks for the comments. I added a bit of documentation to the template page, and corrected some of the errors (voicing in Okell, accent before nasal ending in Okell, -wu- rhymes, glottal stop, and lua logic). Auxiliary Latin-alphabet respelling is a good suggestion; I wasn't sure what the Latin respelling should look like but I created a Burmese-alphabet respelling table, and I will work on the Latin respelling if we can have a ASCII transcription system parallel to the Burmese one.

only represents the page title, so it shouldn't be used outside of this documentation page. I think I've fixed everything I can fix at the moment. Please let me know if there are more suggestions or comments. Thanks! Wyang (talk) 08:25, 1 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Just like the manual transcriptions, do a transcription, based on the  one, where further subsitution rules should be made to render the phonemic version – AWESOME meeos ！  *  (chōmtī hao /t͡ɕoːm˩˧.tiː˩˧ haw˦˥/) 08:31, 1 February 2017 (UTC)
 * For an ASCII-based respelling, we could use Okell's transcription with the following changes (for example, these can obviously be tweaked):

 * I picked  for ă since you're already using the apostrophe to mark minor syllables in the Burmese respelling; likewise I used + for voicing since you're already using it in the Burmese respelling. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 10:06, 1 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Congratulations on another accomplishment, Frank! I have acquired a few books on Burmese but haven't actively started learning it. I am very glad there is now a way to generate a pronunciation and some more phonetic transliterations based on phonetic respellings just like Thai. Pity, it's not available in other dictionaries for look-up. I find the Burmese script and reading rules the hardest in the region (after Tibetan). Burmese is on my to-do-list, anyway, but I'm not sure I'll be able to assist much at this stage, we'll see. I will learn from you guys (Wyang and Angr). --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 11:35, 1 February 2017 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the suggestions. I incorporated the ASCII respelling as well, and added a few cases using ASCII respellings as input. There are some multiple-to-one MLCTS-Okell mappings (such as ky / kr -- c) and I think we should try to make sure the MLCTS and ALA transliterations are correct when using ASCII respellings. Please kindly review this again. Do you think this could replace and be placed in the Pronunciations section if it is mature enough?
 * The MLCTS and ALA transliterations can be taken directly from the pagename, can't they? They shouldn't need access to the respelling at all. I do think the ASCII respelling shouldn't be displayed, though; it's just for ease of input. Can you display the Burmese-alphabet respelling even when the ASCII is entered? I do hope that this can replace my-roman at some point. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 11:58, 1 February 2017 (UTC)
 * There are some uncommon cases where MLCTS cannot be generated from page title, such as . I'm not sure what's the best way here - perhaps using . I've changed the respelling display to the Burmese-alphabet one, when the input is ASCII. Also added a few more difficult cases, and corrected some of the errors in the code. Wyang (talk) 10:18, 2 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Even  doesn't seem to work at . It generates the wrong MLCTS and ALA-LC. This is such a bizarre spelling that basically breaks all the rules of Burmese spelling. Another suggestion: without changing the respelling input, maybe the respelling display could replace "+" with the voiced letter, i.e. when   is input, ဆီဗုံး would be displayed. The same trick could also replace   with ဖ in the display. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 15:00, 2 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Oh, one more thing: wouldn't it be more usual to have all the testcases at Module:my-pron/testcases instead of on the template documentation page? —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 15:17, 2 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks, I added the +/-... conversions. The +သ respelling is still visible though, since there is no letter for its voiced equivalent. I felt that putting the examples here helps template users choose the correct template parameters, and also because I'm not very familiar with how to produce testcases in different formats. Wyang (talk) 05:53, 3 February 2017 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the encouragement Anatoli! I find that Burmese is much more phonetic than Thai, but the relative lack of resources is indeed a disadvantage. Hopefully this template can make entry creation and maintenance a lot easier for Burmese. Wyang (talk) 11:53, 1 February 2017 (UTC)
 * I also find Thai reading rules much harder than Burmese, but to some extent I suppose it depends on what you're used to. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 11:58, 1 February 2017 (UTC)
 * I guess my passive interest in Thai is much older. It's good that Burmese is not not as hard as it seems. I also find Thai pronunciation much clearer than Burmese but it may also to do with the actual resources I use or are available, have better (clearer) speakers. I seem to be almost OK with Thai tones, at least with words I know. I still have to tackle Burmese tones. :) --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 12:05, 1 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Burmese tones are harder to distinguish for me too, especially the high and creaky tones. Wyang (talk) 10:26, 2 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Yeah, these tones are hard. You are probably OK with the Vietnamese pronunciation. Vietnamese tones are even harder (for me), especially "low falling constricted" and the variety of vowels is daunting. I gave up with the intention to master this later - but I hated the recordings I had at hand then - too fast and no tone drills like I used when learning Mandarin - slow, clear, tones combinations, plenty of examples. Teachers and book publishers (with recordings) of tonal languages should have more efficient methods. Current Chinese Mandarin resources are just great, e.g. New Practical Chinese Reader is all you need to become good with Mandarin tones. Even electronic dictionaries have decent text-to-speech engines, which can be used. Well, these nations are not as rich as China. ;) I have to admit that with all tonal languages I worked with, I have only some confidence with the Mandarin pronunciation in terms of reading out loud. Getting there with Thai - the tones makes sense but I often forget tone rules and exceptions without the translit. All others - I know a bit, haven't got enough exposure to the accents and pronunciation yet, even when I managed to read some simple texts in Vietnamese (with horrible tones I can imagine) - I realised that I'm not learning the right accent and stopped, as I said before. We should have Babel tables for pronunciation, he-he. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 11:00, 2 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Haha, this isn't surprising if we look at the diagrams in . I think you are pretty good with Mandarin tones, but Mandarin tones are relatively simple (contour-based) compared to Burmese and Vietnamese, which also involve registers (creaky voice, breathy voice, etc.). I have trouble with these tones as well. Wyang (talk) 11:24, 2 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Here is my point of view on these languages: I don't necessarily think that Burmese has the hardest pronunciation rules; they are simply unpredictable rules. Thai, on the other hand, has lots of silent letters, added vowels, and a way more complicated tone than Burmese. Tibetan may also be irregular, but just as irregular as Burmese. Just don't criticize their spellings—it's part of their culture anyway – AWESOME meeos ！ *  (chōmtī hao /t͡ɕoːm˩˧.tiː˩˧ haw˦˥/) 04:58, 2 February 2017 (UTC)

Testing
I'm testing the template on two pages where respelling is unnecessary: ပျား and ပြား. So far, so good. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 15:32, 2 February 2017 (UTC)

ဖြည်းဖြည်း
What is the "2" doing in the ဖြည်းဖြည်း example? That isn't explained in the documentation. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 07:28, 3 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Sorry I omitted this. It is used after ည် to indicate that it is pronounced . Wyang (talk) 11:12, 3 February 2017 (UTC)
 * OK, thanks! That's another one where the respelling displayed could use the "normal" spelling (i.e. ီ for /ì/, ေ for /è/, and ယ် for /ɛ̀/). —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 12:59, 3 February 2017 (UTC)
 * : I really think ည် shouldn't appear in phonetic respellings at all; there are simply too many ways it can be pronounced. I don't think people are likely to guess what the "2" and "3" mean, and anyway, adding the numerals before the ့ and း characters is difficult. I'd much rather that the display only shows ီ for /ì/, ေ for /è/, ယ် for /ɛ̀/; ိ for /ḭ/, ေ့ for /ḛ/, ယ့် for /ɛ̰/; and ီး for /í/, ေး for /é/, and ဲ for /ɛ́/. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 18:48, 19 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Agreed. If Awesomemeeos agrees too, I will change the display to using a reduced number of representations for different vowels. Wyang (talk) 10:26, 20 February 2017 (UTC)

Stacked consonants?
It seems the module can't deal with stacked consonants. At any rate, it fails on ကမ္ဘာ, both with and without a respelling parameter. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 23:37, 3 February 2017 (UTC)
 * It can't deal with the "+" sign at ကမ်းခြေ, either. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 23:42, 3 February 2017 (UTC)

 * I created Module:my-pron/testcases to make it easier to track these. I think both cases are now fixed. Wyang (talk) 04:42, 4 February 2017 (UTC)

Tall ā

 * Could you arrange it so that +ကာ displays as ဂါ (not ဂာ) and +တာ and +ထာ display as ဒါ (not ဒာ)? Likewise +ကော, +တော/+ထော, +ကော်, +တော်/+ထော် should display as ဂေါ, ဒေါ, ဂေါ်, ဒေါ်. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 14:19, 4 February 2017 (UTC)

 * Fixed (e.g. တံတား). Also thanks a lot for adding failed cases to Module:my-pron/testcases - they are all fixed as well. Wyang (talk) 23:08, 4 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Thanks for your help! နေပြည်တော် is still using the "short" version instead of the "tall" version. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 16:18, 5 February 2017 (UTC)

 * My bad, sorry! Fixed it now. Wyang (talk) 08:24, 6 February 2017 (UTC)

 * I hadn't thought of this before, but the ā needs to be tall even in cases where the consonant letter hasn't changed due to voicing. For example, the respell of အဏ္ဏဝါ should be "အန်န'ဝါ" (with tall ā after ဝ; not "အန်န'ဝာ"), just as it is in the page name. The letters that always take tall ā are ခ ဂ င ဒ ပ ဝ. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 09:12, 13 February 2017 (UTC)

 * Sure thing, I changed it now. Wyang (talk) 09:36, 13 February 2017 (UTC)

သွင်သွင်
The plus sign for voicing syllables doesn't seem to be working for. --Lo Ximiendo (talk) 11:27, 10 February 2017 (UTC)
 * I added it to Module:my-pron/testcases. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 14:40, 10 February 2017 (UTC)

Add spaces
Hi, I reckon you should bring back the spaces when rendering the romanisations as well as the IPA. i.e. when when doing phrases where there is more than one word, spaces occur to show the word boundaries. Ta – AWESOME meeos ！  *  (chōmtī hao /t͡ɕoːm˩˧.tiː˩˧ haw˦˥/) 04:42, 18 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Sure, added. Wyang (talk) 04:58, 18 February 2017 (UTC)

ကြိယာ
Hi, what trick should I use to make က to be read with the inherent vowel, not part of the cluster? --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 03:55, 22 February 2017 (UTC)
 * Hi Anatoli. should work there. Wyang (talk) 06:24, 22 February 2017 (UTC)

my-IPA
Is it better idea to move my-IPA to my-pron? --Octahedron80 (talk) 06:15, 7 June 2017 (UTC)
 * No. All (or almost all?) of the automatically generated pronunciation templates are named xx-IPA. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 06:37, 7 June 2017 (UTC)
 * Yes, all new IPA templates use or should use xx-IPA. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 06:43, 7 June 2017 (UTC)
 * My related templates are th-pron shn-pron and khb-pron that are the same title as modules. Does it ever have policy/consensus about this? --Octahedron80 (talk) 06:50, 7 June 2017 (UTC)

Adapt my-IPA for Rakhine / Arakanese language?
Hi there! I'm wondering if you would be able to adapt this template to the Arakanese language (ISO code rki). There are general rules at play in converting between Burmese and Arakanese pronunciations (i.e., the Burmese rhymes generally map to corresponding Rakhine rhymes), which are already laid out in the article's phonology section (I could also supply additional guidance, as I have access to native Arakanese speakers). Perhaps this could be accomodated similar to how Template:vi-pron handles multiple Vietnamese dialects. Just wanted to hear your thoughts. Thanks for your time.

Vowel conversion (simple) [my → rki]:
 * လေ (air) : /lè/ → /lì/
 * သွေး (blood) : /θwé/ → /θwí/

Merged vowels (simple) [my → rki]:
 * စစ် (war) : /sɪʔ/ → /saɪʔ/
 * ပစ် (throw) : /tɪʔ/ → taɪʔ/

Nasal finals (more complex) [my → rki]
 * လည်ပင်း (neck) : /lɛ̀bɪ́ɴ/ → /làɪɴbɪ́ɴ/
 * စဉ်းစား (to think) /sɪ́ɴzá/ → /sáɪɴzá/

This article also provides additional rhyme mapping between Written Burmese and Arakanese (pp. 7-8). --Hintha (talk) 05:15, 27 June 2018 (UTC)

 * It's an interesting suggestion. I remember reading Arakanese language and thinking whether it is feasible and worthwhile to automate this. The feasibility side seems clear, although it is apparent that an additional parameter  or   would be needed to supply a respelling for Arakanese, in cases where the Arakanese pronunciation is unpredictable from the respelling for Standard Burmese. There are some irregularities that may complicate this, and automatically generated Arakanese pronunciations may be incorrect for certain words that correspond irregularly to Standard Burmese (respelling) or the Written Burmese form (e.g. pg 14 in Okell). What is your opinion on this? Should the display of the Arakanese pronunciation be suppressed by default, and allowed only after it is checked? Are there dictionaries or other resources where we could verify Arakanese pronunciations of individual words? Wyang (talk) 06:09, 27 June 2018 (UTC)

Module errors
Three entries have the module error "Initial data not found" in :, ,. Could someone familiar with Burmese fix this or remove the templates from the entries? — Eru·tuon 21:56, 4 April 2019 (UTC)
 * There is an ongoing discussion at Module talk:my-pron. If it's a big issue and is not resolved soon, please replace with . --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 22:29, 4 April 2019 (UTC)
 * I guess I was being a bit too hasty. Thanks to everyone for fixing it. — Eru·tuon 20:45, 5 April 2019 (UTC)

title: Template talk:my-IPA


text: stridar

title: stridar


text: stridane

title: stridane


text:
Talk:عندما

lexicographic information
Could any further information be added, such as its morphology? Thanks in advance. --Backinstadiums (talk) 11:46, 31 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:عندما


text: Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/edla

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/edla


text:
mannefall

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) great loss of human life

title: mannefall


text: せぐろジャッカル

title: せぐろジャッカル


text: 横条ジャッカル

title: 横条ジャッカル


text: Category:Japanese terms spelled with 条 read as すじ


text: vunne

title: vunne


text: よこすじジャッカル

title: よこすじジャッカル


text:
キット狐

Etymology
Borrowing from +, a.

Noun

 * 1) a kit fox

title: キット狐


text:
スイフト狐

Etymology
From +,.

Noun

 * 1) a swift fox

title: スイフト狐


text:
neiyen

Verb

 * 1) to ,

title: neiyen


text:
мәшәҡәт

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) trouble, nuisance, bother, unpleasant problem
 * 2) small daily jobs that keep a person busy; hassle, ado, fuss and bother

title: мәшәҡәт


text:
ケープ狐

Etymology
,.

Noun

 * 1) a Cape fox

title: ケープ狐


text:
preien

Etymology
Borrowed from, from , from , from , from , from , from.

Verb

 * 1) to pray, ask earnestly

title: preien


text: Category:Middle English terms derived from Proto-Italic


text: やぶいぬ

title: やぶいぬ


text:
ブッシュドッグ

Etymology
Borrowed from.

title: ブッシュドッグ


text: røyne

title: røyne


text: 三极管

title: 三极管


text:
argumentum ad feminam

Noun

 * 1)  A faulty argument that simply attacks the woman making a point.

title: argumentum ad feminam


text:
røyna

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to experience, be exposed to

title: røyna


text:
dientazo

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) bitemark

title: dientazo


text: røyner

title: røyner


text: røynde

title: røynde


text:
Saccorhytus

Etymology
Genus novum Han, Shu, Ou and Conway Morris, 2017, from +  in reference to the bag-like, wrinkled body of species.

Proper noun
†

 * 1) . It is actually an ecdysozoan, a type of protostome.

Hypernyms

 * - superkingdom; Animalia - kingdom; Bilateria - subkingdom; Deuterostomia - infrakingdom; † - phylum

Hyponyms

 * - sole known species

title: Saccorhytus


text: røynt

title: røynt


text: røynande

title: røynande


text: røyn

title: røyn


text:
カニクイイヌ

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) a crab-eating fox

title: カニクイイヌ


text:
omverden

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) outside world

title: omverden


text:
タテガミオオカミ

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) a maned wolf

title: タテガミオオカミ


text:
大耳狐

Noun

 * 1) bat-eared fox

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) bat-eared fox

title: 大耳狐


text: omverdenen

title: omverdenen


text: Zhū Bājiè

title: Zhū Bājiè


text: Zhū Wùnéng

title: Zhū Wùnéng


text:
灰色狐

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) a gray fox

title: 灰色狐


text: yántú

title: yántú


text: yán'àn

title: yán'àn


text:
stab wound

Noun

 * 1) A wound caused by stabbing.

Translations

 * Galician: coitelada, puñalada
 * Hungarian: szúrt seb
 * Spanish: ,

title: stab wound


text:
尾白砂狐

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * a

title: 尾白砂狐


text:
ένοπλος

Etymology
From. Morphologically.

Adjective

 * 1)  under arms, armed
 * 2) armed
 * 1) armed

title: ένοπλος


text:
チベットスナギツネ

Etymology
From,.

Noun

 * 1) a Tibetan sand fox

title: チベットスナギツネ


text:
User talk:193.204.59.24

Hello
Why are you doing this? --Vahag (talk) 13:27, 31 January 2017 (UTC)

 * Hi thanks for asking your question! The thing is that often in Wiktionary qualifiers are used without being recognized as such. zero-grade should be distinguished from other words, in the same way as other qualifiers (or key words) are, e.g. borrowing, back form, clipping, etc, (for which we have a templates). These kinds of key words create problems when extracting data automatically from Wiktionary as they are not recognized as such. In particular I am using java to extract etymological relationships from the English wiktionary (see my project: http://tools.wmflabs.org/etytree ). I though using a qualifier would not husrt much. Hope you agree. Otherwise maybe you could give me a suggestion that is more efficient.We could have a chat if what I am writing is not clear. Epantaleo (talk) 15:04, 31 January 2017 (UTC)

 * is meant to be used with list items. Please read its documentation and do not use it in etymologies. You will not be able to automatize the analysis of the etymology sections. They are meant to be written and read by humans. They will always have unstructured text. --Vahag (talk) 15:57, 31 January 2017 (UTC)

 * Ok, I will fix this soon. Sorry if this caused problems. Please check my project at http://tools.wmflabs.org/etytree/etymology/resources/html/index.html . It actually works, mostly. The English Wiktionary is actually written in a very standardized way.  Some things are missing and one of them is a template for qualifiers in etymology sections. Maybe we could extend this conversation to other people that are interested in etymologies and maybe have some ideas on how to do this. Or if you have other ideas, they are very welcome Epantaleo (talk) 18:42, 1 February 2017 (UTC)

 * , you can bring up the question of parsability at WT:GP. --Vahag (talk) 06:12, 2 February 2017 (UTC)

title: User talk:193.204.59.24


text:
congradulations

Etymology 1
.

title: congradulations


text:
Թրամփ

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Proper noun

 * 1) Trump

title: Թրամփ


text: Barlinja

title: Barlinja


text:
under arms

Adjective

 * 1)  Equipped with weapons (of a country, army etc.); in a state of armed, military readiness.
 * 2)  Carrying a weapon (chiefly of a criminal); of a crime, committed using a weapon or weapons.
 * 1)  Carrying a weapon (chiefly of a criminal); of a crime, committed using a weapon or weapons.
 * 1)  Carrying a weapon (chiefly of a criminal); of a crime, committed using a weapon or weapons.

Translations

 * Finnish: aseissa, aseistautuneena, taisteluvalmina
 * Greek:

title: under arms


text:
underdeterrence

Noun

 * 1) inadequate deterrence

title: underdeterrence


text:
underdeterrent

Adjective

 * 1) Serving as an inadequate deterrent.

title: underdeterrent


text:
overdeterrent

Adjective

 * 1) Serving as an excessive deterrent.

title: overdeterrent


text:
ベンガル狐

Etymology
🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) a Bengal fox

title: ベンガル狐


text:
ブランフォード狐

Etymology
,.

Noun

 * 1) Blanford's fox

title: ブランフォード狐


text:
Ζῆλος

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1)  Zelus

title: Ζῆλος


text:
ดิกชันนารี

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  dictionary

title: ดิกชันนารี


text:
помлад водник

Etymology
From +.

Noun

 * 1) junior sergeant

title: помлад водник


text:
постар водник

Etymology
From +.

Noun

 * 1) staff sergeant

title: постар водник


text:
𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃

Etymology
From. The verb (from 🇨🇬) is attested in prefixed form as.

Noun

 * 1)  blasphemy

title: 𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃


text: 𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌽𐍃

title: 𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌹𐌽𐍃


text:
главен наредник

Etymology
From +.

Noun

 * 1) sergeant major

title: главен наредник


text: 𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐍃

title: 𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐍃


text:
Mandelmilch

Noun

 * 1) almond milk

title: Mandelmilch


text: naiteins

title: naiteins


text:
𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃

Etymology
From. .

Noun

 * 1) salvation

Declension
A variant form is attested.

title: 𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃


text: 𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽

title: 𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽


text: 𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃

title: 𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃


text: 𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹

title: 𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹


text:
потпоручник

Etymology
From, with assimilation.

Noun

 * 1) second lieutenant

title: потпоручник


text:
𐌽𐌹𐌿𐌷𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃

Etymology
From. The verb is attested in prefixed form as.

Noun

 * 1) visitation, inspection

title: 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐌷𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃


text: niuhseins

title: niuhseins


text: 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐌷𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃

title: 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐌷𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃


text: Category:Thesaurus:Hygiene

title: Category:Thesaurus:Hygiene


text:
𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) destruction, ruination

title: 𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃


text: 𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹

title: 𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹


text: qisteins

title: qisteins


text:
потполковник

Etymology
From, with assimilation.

Noun

 * 1) lieutenant colonel

title: потполковник


text:
𐍃𐍉𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃

Etymology
From. .

Noun

 * 1) a search, investigation

title: 𐍃𐍉𐌺𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃


text:
бригаден генерал

Noun

 * 1) brigadier general

title: бригаден генерал


text:
генерал мајор

Etymology
From +.

Noun

 * 1) major general

title: генерал мајор


text:
𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃

Etymology
From. It should be noted that each of the apparent attestations of this word (all in the accusative singular) could also be forms of, which is attested unambiguously elsewhere (in the nominative singular) and is thus confirmed to exist. However, at least the three attestations in the Skeireins fragments do seem in their context to be meant to be interpreted as purification rather than purity, which would point to the existence of this word as separate from the aforementioned.

Noun

 * 1) purification

title: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃


text: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌽

title: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌽


text: swikneins

title: swikneins


text:
𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐌴𐌹

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) purity, innocence

title: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐌴𐌹


text:
𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐍃

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) innocent, pure

title: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐍃


text: swikns

title: swikns


text: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐌰

title: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐌰


text: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽

title: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽


text: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌰

title: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌰


text: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐍉𐍃

title: 𐍃𐍅𐌹𐌺𐌽𐍉𐍃


text: prairiales

title: prairiales


text: prairiale

title: prairiale


text:
𐍄𐌰𐌻𐌶𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) instruction

title: 𐍄𐌰𐌻𐌶𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃


text: talzeins

title: talzeins


text: 𐍄𐌰𐌻𐌶𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹

title: 𐍄𐌰𐌻𐌶𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹


text: 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃

title: 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃


text:
𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) goodness
 * 2) blessing

title: 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃


text: 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹

title: 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐌸𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹


text: þiuþeins

title: þiuþeins


text:
Talk:shortcode

Emoji sense
Possibly not CFI-attestable, but also used on the Web to describe codes that get turned into an emoji when typed (for people whose keyboards can't otherwise produce them). For example, something like :smiley: could be a shortcode that produces a face. Equinox ◑ 15:23, 31 January 2017 (UTC)

 * The CMS also uses this term for bits of code that expand into plugin content etc., though that's just one CMS so too specific for us. Equinox ◑ 18:07, 4 October 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:shortcode


text:
𐍄𐌹𐌼𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) edification

title: 𐍄𐌹𐌼𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃


text: timreins

title: timreins


text: 𐍄𐌹𐌼𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃

title: 𐍄𐌹𐌼𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹𐍃


text: 𐍄𐌹𐌼𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹

title: 𐍄𐌹𐌼𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹


text: preyen

title: preyen


text:
𐍄𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍆𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) disputation, doubting, hesitation

title: 𐍄𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍆𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃


text:
fulfillen

Etymology
From ; equivalent to.

Verb

 * 1) To perform or do a deed:
 * 2) To fulfil a task or duty.
 * 3) To fulfil a prophecy or prediction.
 * 4) To fill; to make something full:
 * 5)  To suffuse or instill; to fill with.
 * 6) To satisfy; to make happy or satiated.
 * 7) To finish or end; to become or make complete:
 * 8)  To pass or end.
 * 9)  To live for a specified time
 * 10) To replace or supply; to be substituted for.
 * 11) To be full of; to spread throughout.
 * 12)  To hold a position.
 * 13)  To cause or accomplish.

title: fulfillen


text: 𐍄𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍆𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽

title: 𐍄𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍆𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽


text: 𐍄𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍆𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹

title: 𐍄𐍅𐌴𐌹𐍆𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌹


text: tweifleins

title: tweifleins


text:
fjalosem

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) I talk about, converse

title: fjalosem


text:
whidir

Etymology
From.

title: whidir


text:
𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃

Etymology
From. The unattested verb is a prefixed variant of. Compare also 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) disobedience

title: 𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃


text: ufarhauseins

title: ufarhauseins


text: 𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉

title: 𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉


text:
comaunden

Etymology
From, from , variant of ;.

Verb

 * 1) To command; to order someone to do something
 * 2) To demand; to order something should be done
 * 3) To dominate; to exercise power over.
 * 4) To grant or consign to someone.
 * 5)  To need; to be required.
 * 1)  To need; to be required.

title: comaunden


text:
wondren

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to

title: wondren


text:
𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃

Etymology
From, a.

Noun

 * 1) inscription, superscription

title: 𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌼𐌴𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃


text:
hidir

Etymology
From.

title: hidir


text:
deisolate

Verb

 * 1)  To make no longer isolated; to integrate.

title: deisolate


text:
deisolation

Noun

 * 1) The process of deisolating.

title: deisolation


text: deisolated

title: deisolated


text: deisolates

title: deisolates


text: deisolating

title: deisolating


text:
góršy

Etymology
From.

title: góršy


text: nejgóršy

title: nejgóršy


text: SWERFs

title: SWERFs


text:
έντονα

Adverb

 * 1) intensely, heavily

title: έντονα


text: Chósta Ríce

title: Chósta Ríce


text:
έξαλλος

Adjective

 * 1) frantic, frenzied, very angry

title: έξαλλος


text:
qepallë

Etymology
From an earlier *kepala, from Proto-Indo-European.

Noun

 * 1) eyelid

title: qepallë


text:
έσοδο

Etymology
From, with change of gender.

Noun

 * 1)  revenue, income
 * 2)  turnover
 * 1)  turnover

title: έσοδο


text: freedome

title: freedome


text: Parlyament

title: Parlyament


text: εσόδου

title: εσόδου


text: εσόδων

title: εσόδων


text: έσοδα

title: έσοδα


text:
Khosrow

Etymology
Borrowed from ; see it for more.

Proper noun

 * , used as a transliteration of names of various rulers

title: Khosrow


text: declareing

title: declareing


text: setleing

title: setleing


text: writeing

title: writeing


text:
ήμερος

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) domesticated, domestic
 * 2) tame, placid

title: ήμερος


text: issueing

title: issueing


text: dureing

title: dureing


text:
Talk:räkä

Voi räkä!
Apparently this is the Google Chrome "Aw snap!" error message in Finnish. Does it mean we need a new sense here, or a separate entry for that phrase? Equinox ◑ 16:49, 31 January 2017 (UTC)
 * This is merely one of many possible variants of a + (expletive) construction; a usage note that räkä can be used as a mild expletive might suffice.
 * …But then again, what cannot? You can find hits for expletive phrases such as "Aw " or "Oh my ", but I don't suppose that means that "pants" or "pancreas" should be recognized as having an expletive sense all by themselves. Same deal here. --Tropylium (talk) 19:40, 31 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:räkä


text: freedomes

title: freedomes


text: Messidors

title: Messidors


text: causeing

title: causeing


text: comeing

title: comeing


text: takeing

title: takeing


text: preserveing

title: preserveing


text: αντιδράω

title: αντιδράω


text:
απορρυπαντικό

Noun

 * 1) detergent

title: απορρυπαντικό


text: bøygde

title: bøygde


text:
periudhë

Etymology
From. One could say this is a reanalysis of Ancient Greek.

Noun

 * 1) age
 * 2) period

title: periudhë


text: bøygd

title: bøygd


text: bøygt

title: bøygt


text: bøyande

title: bøyande


text: Template:R:zkt:Yingzhe and Janhunen

title: Template:R:zkt:Yingzhe and Janhunen


text: Category:Khitan reference templates

title: Category:Khitan reference templates


text: Crowne

title: Crowne


text: Category:Khitan templates

title: Category:Khitan templates


text: illegall

title: illegall


text: criminall

title: criminall


text: hereticall

title: hereticall


text: juryes

title: juryes


text: Template:R:zkt:Kane

title: Template:R:zkt:Kane


text:
ryggja

Etymology
From the noun.

Verb

 * 1) to back, reverse
 * 2) to go / move backwards

title: ryggja


text: ryggje

title: ryggje


text: ryggjer

title: ryggjer


text: rygde

title: rygde


text: unqualifyed

title: unqualifyed


text: rygt

title: rygt


text: rygd

title: rygd


text: ryggjande

title: ryggjande


text: benefitt

title: benefitt


text:
Tityus

Proper noun

 * 1)  that flows into the Adriatic Sea, now the Krka

title: Tityus


text:
Mentores

Proper noun

 * 1) A tribe of Liburnia mentioned by Pliny

title: Mentores


text:
Bulini

Proper noun

 * 1) A tribe of Liburnia mentioned by Pliny

title: Bulini


text:
Scardona

Etymology
From.

Proper noun

 * 1)  situated near the course of the Tityus, now Skradin

title: Scardona


text:
Lobster Thermidor

Etymology
Named after the play  (1891), itself named for the eleventh month of the French Republican Calendar.

Noun

 * A, mixture of cooked  meat, egg yolks, and  or , stuffed into a lobster shell, and optionally served with an -browned cheese crust.

title: Lobster Thermidor


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/ab-

Etymology
Tentatively connected with 🇨🇬, a hapax legomena, by Yingzhe and Janhunen.

Verb

 * 1) to take

Descendants

 * Mongolian:
 * Classical:
 * Ordos: /ab-/
 * Monguor:
 * Bonan:
 * Gansu: ,
 * Qinghai: ,
 * ?Dongxiang:
 * Ordos: /ab-/
 * Monguor:
 * Bonan:
 * Gansu: ,
 * Qinghai: ,
 * ?Dongxiang:
 * Monguor:
 * Bonan:
 * Gansu: ,
 * Qinghai: ,
 * ?Dongxiang:
 * Qinghai: ,
 * ?Dongxiang:
 * ?Dongxiang:

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/ab-


text:
Tarsatica

Proper noun

 * 1) a city of Liburnia situated on the shore of the Adriatic Sea, now Trsat near Rijeka

title: Tarsatica


text:
application logic

Noun

 * 1)  The logic governing what a computer program is trying to accomplish; domain logic.

title: application logic


text:
Anicius

Etymology
From the gens, , of uncertain origin but likely.

Proper noun

 * 1) a Roman nomen gentile, gens or "family name" famously held by:
 * , a Roman poet and senator

title: Anicius


text: Category:East Yugur terms with IPA pronunciation


text:
folwen

Etymology
From, from , from.

Verb

 * 1) to follow

title: folwen


text: Category:East Yugur entry maintenance

title: Category:East Yugur entry maintenance


text:
allosemitism

Noun

 * 1) The belief or attitude that Jewish people are significantly different from the mainstream and should therefore be treated differently.

title: allosemitism


text: rides roughshod over

title: rides roughshod over


text: riding roughshod over

title: riding roughshod over


text: rode roughshod over

title: rode roughshod over


text: ridden roughshod over

title: ridden roughshod over


text: runs roughshod over

title: runs roughshod over


text: running roughshod over

title: running roughshod over


text: ran roughshod over

title: ran roughshod over


text: binoms

title: binoms


text:
User talk:Ginny Granger

Hello! Welcome to my talk page. Please leave all messages at the bottom, and sign your username with four tildes ( ~ ). Ginny Granger (talk) 18:53, 31 January 2017 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ginny Granger


text:
αδρομισθία

Noun

 * 1) exceptionally large wage, salary or fee

title: αδρομισθία


text: αδρομισθίας

title: αδρομισθίας


text: αδρομισθιών

title: αδρομισθιών


text: αδρομισθίες

title: αδρομισθίες


text:
αδρόμισθος

Adjective

 * 1) exceptionally well paid

title: αδρόμισθος


text:
fouleur

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) fuller (profession)

title: fouleur


text:
mononom

Noun

 * 1)  A word composed of a single stem that cannot be broken down into constituent morphs.

Usage notes
The linguistic term is used primarily by linguists studying Asian languages, where binoms are very common.

title: mononom


text:
kidole gumba

Noun

 * 1) thumb

title: kidole gumba


text:
αδροπληρώνω

Verb

 * 1) to overpay, pay handsomely

title: αδροπληρώνω


text: mononoms

title: mononoms


text:
αδρόσιστος

Adjective

 * 1) unrefreshed
 * 2)  unhappy

title: αδρόσιστος


text:
άδροσος

Adjective

 * 1) unrefreshed

title: άδροσος


text:
αδρότητα

Etymology
From, equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) vigour, vigor , strength, ruggedness

title: αδρότητα


text: αδρότητας

title: αδρότητας


text: αδροτήτων

title: αδροτήτων


text: αδρότητες

title: αδρότητες


text: γιασεμιού

title: γιασεμιού


text: γιασεμιών

title: γιασεμιών


text: γιασεμιά

title: γιασεμιά


text: γιάρδας

title: γιάρδας


text: γιαρδών

title: γιαρδών


text: γιάρδες

title: γιάρδες


text: γιατρικού

title: γιατρικού


text: γιατρικών

title: γιατρικών


text: γιατρικά

title: γιατρικά


text: Template:R:xgn:Sanzheev 1953

title: Template:R:xgn:Sanzheev 1953


text: Template:R:xgn:Poppe 1955

title: Template:R:xgn:Poppe 1955


text:
Reconstruction talk:Proto-Germanic/jakkōną

Dubious etymology
The combination Hyh₂ would appear in Germanic as ī, not ja. —CodeCat 20:04, 31 January 2017 (UTC)


text:
atsooskʼid

Noun

 * 1)  thigh

title: atsooskʼid


text:
化雨

Noun

 * 1)  timely rain which nourishes all things
 * 2)  enlightenment; skilful and systematic guidance

title: 化雨


text: Category:Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *yeh₂-


text:
頂風

Verb

 * 1) to go against the wind; to face into the wind
 * 2)  to openly go against the law; to flagrantly flout a regulation or law that is being vigorously implemented

Noun

 * 1) headwind

title: 頂風


text: 顶风

title: 顶风


text:
門風

Noun

 * 1) family principles; moral standing of a family; family traditions
 * 2)  face; dignity

title: 門風


text: 门风

title: 门风


text:
áláyáázh

Noun

 * 1)  little finger

title: áláyáázh


text: neadracha

title: neadracha


text: neadacha

title: neadacha


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/-ku

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬,,.

Descendants

 * Mongolian: ,
 * Phags-pa, ,
 * Arabic: ,
 * Mongolian:
 * Classical: ,
 * Ordos: /-xu/, /-kxʉ/
 * Monguor:
 * Mongghul:
 * Mangghuer:
 * Monguor:
 * Mongghul:
 * Mangghuer:
 * Monguor:
 * Mongghul:
 * Mangghuer:
 * Mangghuer:

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Mongolic/-ku


text: inspectori

title: inspectori


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ad

Etymology
From.

Preposition

 * 1) toward, to, on, up to, for

Descendants

 * Osco-Umbrian:
 * Osco-Umbrian:

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/ad


text:
inspectoare

Etymology
From.

title: inspectoare


text:
Talk:جميع

(with following genitive)
Hi, it's misleading; technically, اضافة is the correct description. --Backinstadiums (talk) 20:43, 31 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:جميع


text:
Talk:-gyettiđ

Language code mismatch. DTLHS (talk) 20:55, 31 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Also nellj, лӯсс, puõiddi. DTLHS (talk) 20:56, 31 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:-gyettiđ


text: Fructidors

title: Fructidors


text: fructidors

title: fructidors


text:
ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵢⵢⵉ

Noun

 * 1) meat

title: ⵜⵉⴼⵉⵢⵢⵉ


text: nóchad

title: nóchad


text: nóchaidí

title: nóchaidí


text:
Talk:dźowka

Can you resolve the language name here (upper / lower)? DTLHS (talk) 21:05, 31 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Definitely Upper; dź became ź in Lower Sorbian. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 21:38, 31 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:dźowka


text:
ⴰⴽⵙⵓⵎ

Etymology
From from, with metathesis. Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  meat, flesh
 * 2) skin
 * 3) hide
 * 1) hide

title: ⴰⴽⵙⵓⵎ


text:
phonetic erosion

Noun

 * 1)  The loss of phonemes from a spoken word (or of words in a phrase) over time, sometimes as a result of grammaticalization.

Translations

 * Finnish: äänteellinen kuluminen, äänneasun kuluminen
 * French: érosion phonétique

title: phonetic erosion


text:
piltavla

Noun

 * 1) a dartboard (board used as a target for throwing darts)

title: piltavla


text: debudebu

title: debudebu


text:
ดิก

Etymology
Shortened from

Noun

 * 1)  dictionary

title: ดิก


text: Wiktionary:Foreign Word of the Day/2017/February 1


text:
iridico

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  iridic

title: iridico


text:
Talk:acción programada

RFD discussion: September 2016–January 2017
Can't see how this is NISOP...--Q9ui5ckflash (talk) 16:39, 28 September 2016 (UTC)
 * So why are you nominating it? Renard Migrant (talk) 18:01, 29 September 2016 (UTC)
 * I meant to say I can't see how this isn't NISOP --Q9ui5ckflash (talk) 07:31, 30 September 2016 (UTC)

 * I concur. RFD failed. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 06:08, 23 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:acción programada


text:
Talk:read on

RFD discussion: November 2016–January 2017
Very typical use of "on", similar to "I paused, then walked on", or "I stopped the car at the traffic lights, then drove on". Equinox ◑ 10:09, 18 November 2016 (UTC)

 * Delete as SoP. Adverb sense 2 at on, "Along, forwards (continuing an action)" should cover it. If felt not to cover it adequately then that definition should be enhanced rather than having a separate entry for "read on". Mihia (talk) 18:49, 21 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Delete per above. DCDuring TALK 19:03, 21 November 2016 (UTC)

 * This seems comparable to move on or go on; at the very least, it can be used as an imperative, e.g., 2008, M. Robert North, Jodi, p. 216: "What a temper," Emil whispered to himself. "What?" She asked, "Nothing. Just read on." bd2412 T 05:15, 24 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Re: imperative: So what? Read further is a synonym in all moods, tenses, and aspects. Does that warrant an entry? DCDuring TALK 02:01, 26 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Is go further a synonym to go on? These seem to be comparable. bd2412 T 02:27, 26 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Sense 3.
 * What does that have to do with the matter at hand?
 * In read on, on assumes one of its adverb senses: "Along, forwards (continuing an action)."
 * I still don't understand the so-what for the imperative. DCDuring TALK 03:18, 26 December 2016 (UTC)
 * I propose that in numerous uses such as 2013, Timothy L. Warner, Hacking Raspberry Pi, p. 171: "Finally, how do you combine multiple pieces of dynamic data? Read on, friend... read on", the phrase "read on" is idiomatic, and does not retain the same "truths will be revealed" sense if substituted with "read further". If this means that our existing definition needs to be improved, so be it. bd2412 T 03:45, 26 December 2016 (UTC)
 * "Read further" sounds a bit stilted and formal, but I think e.g. "keep reading" would be totally synonymous in your example. Equinox ◑ 04:57, 26 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Is that any different from "keep going" being synonymous with "go on"? They still seem one-to-one comparable to me. bd2412 T 15:07, 26 December 2016 (UTC)
 * After e/c:

 * Now I remember, in Shakespeare: "read on, Macduff".
 * But seriously, folks, there would seem to be more justification for including the allusive erstwhile cliche "lead on, Macduff" (an alteration of the Shakepearean "Lay on, Macduff".
 * In the case of the citation above, the implication that more would be revealed seems to be derived from the context and not from the collocation. Also, the imperative form may be more memorable but the collocation has the same meaning in other moods/tenses/aspects: "If you will just read on, you will find ", "As he read on, he learned ", etc. DCDuring TALK 15:19, 26 December 2016 (UTC)

Deleted. bd2412 T 03:49, 24 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:read on


text:
Talk:Aztec pyramid

RFD discussion: November 2016–January 2017
The definition is literally "A pyramid built by the Aztecs". Not even Wikipedia has an article on this so it really can't be idiomatic. -- Pedrianaplant (talk) 21:13, 17 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Delete. Wikipedia does have an article on, but that phrase isn't idiomatic either. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 22:27, 17 November 2016 (UTC)
 * And yet we do also have an entry for Mesoamerican pyramid, not to mention ancient pyramid, Egyptian pyramid (which survived RFD once), and Mayan pyramid. I'm not convinced any of these are idiomatic. Delete 'em all. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 22:32, 17 November 2016 (UTC)
 * I would keep Mesoamerican pyramid and Egyptian pyramid, but improve the definitions to capture their characteristics. If you built two pyramids in the middle of Nebraska, one with straight lines and the other with terraces, a knowledgeable person might say, "I see you built one Egyptian pyramid and one Mesoamerican pyramid". bd2412 T 04:43, 18 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Nebraskan pyramids? Nebraska would become famous. But if there's a difference in style, it may be a tentative keep. DonnanZ (talk) 18:10, 18 November 2016 (UTC)
 * I am no archeologist but I cannot tell the difference between an Aztec pyramid and a Mayan pyramid. They both look just about the same. I doubt such a difference is reflected in texts and if it is, it would need to be attested as such rather than just meaning "a pyramid built by the Aztecs/Mayans". -- Pedrianaplant (talk) 22:03, 18 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Yes, Mesoamerican pyramids are different from Egyptian pyramids, but I'm sure Mesoamerican pottery, textiles and weapons are also different from their counterparts in Egypt. The fact that two different things are called by the same name doesn't mean that any phrase based on the name that applies to one, but not the other is idiomatic. For instance, a rubber means something completely different to someone from England as opposed to someone from the United States. That doesn't mean we should have an entry for "American rubber" and English rubber".
 * Are "American rubber" and "English rubber" attested with these meanings? bd2412 T 02:56, 19 November 2016 (UTC)

Delete, and ancient pyramid by the same token. --Hekaheka (talk) 09:30, 3 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Note, I have improved the definition of Mesoamerican pyramid to note that it is "typically a step pyramid with a temple at the top". bd2412 T 16:10, 20 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Delete, personally – I never understood why these pyramid terms so famously survived RFD. Am open to being convinced otherwise though. Ƿidsiþ 13:36, 23 November 2016 (UTC)

Deleted, as to Aztec pyramid. I think other variations would require a separate discussion. bd2412 T 18:48, 22 January 2017 (UTC)

RFD discussion: January–June 2017
RFDing the pyramids separately, per BD's suggestion. The original discussion was at WT:RFD (to be archived at Talk:Aztec pyramid). —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 05:59, 23 January 2017 (UTC)

Egyptian pyramid
This one survived RFD quite a long time ago (Talk:Egyptian pyramid). —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 06:01, 23 January 2017 (UTC)

 * Some people don't give up. I don't see any real harm in keeping any of them. DonnanZ (talk) 14:16, 23 January 2017 (UTC)

 * Delete. These are of course pyramids of distinct regional styles (except the very obviously SOP ancient pyramid), but then again, that doesn't mean they should be included. We don't include Hellenistic bronze, do we? Or Roman mosaic? — Kleio (t · c) 14:35, 23 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Keep all but ancient which is SoP. The use and basic design is different and requires prior knowledge.--Dmol (talk) 05:41, 25 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Indeed -- the kind of knowledge which one would go to an encyclopedia for (like, for example, Wikipedia), not a dictionary. — Kleio (t · c) 00:10, 26 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom and KIeio. DCDuring TALK 00:16, 26 January 2017 (UTC)

 * Delete all. Ƿidsiþ 12:50, 8 February 2017 (UTC)

 * Delete them all per KIeio. The stated rationale for them is poor: "Terms that imply certain social knowledge that could not be derived from any of the constituents, nor from their combination. For instance, an Egyptian pyramid has a different shape to an Aztec pyramid." Well, a Japanese sword has a different design than a Roman sword, but they're still SOP... - -sche (discuss) 08:39, 18 March 2017 (UTC)

 * Delete All sub-classes of a noun, they are not individual words. Khu'hamgaba Kitapᐅᖃᕐᕕᐅᔪᖅ - talk 17:35, 1 April 2017 (UTC)

 * Keep Egyptian pyramid.

 * 1947, Leslie V. Grinsell, Egyptian Pyramids
 * An Egyptian pyramid may be defined as a sepulchral or religious edifice of stone or brick with  a ...

 * Delete - I've always felt Egyptian pyramid was SOP (like boiled egg and car door). I created all or most of those other pyramid entries when the original RFD failed since those terms met all the same requirements as Egyptian pyramid — hippietrail (talk) 06:00, 10 June 2017 (UTC)

Deleted, as to all. bd2412 T 12:54, 27 June 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Aztec pyramid


text:
Talk:dans un temps donné

RFD discussion: October 2016–January 2017
For the same reason that at a given time is a redlink. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 05:32, 15 October 2016 (UTC)
 * Is the meaning right? in this sense is 'during' not 'at' (I have imported that meaning from fr:dans) so it ought to mean during a given time. Renard Migrant (talk) 11:09, 15 October 2016 (UTC)
 * You may well be right, but wouldn't it still be SOP in that case? —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 05:07, 24 October 2016 (UTC)
 * delete nothing special about this. --Fsojic (talk) 09:46, 24 October 2016 (UTC)

 * RFD failed. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 06:06, 23 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:dans un temps donné


text:
Talk:emotionally stunted

RFD discussion: November 2016–January 2017
Sum of parts. Needs formatting properly if OK. SemperBlotto (talk) 22:17, 28 November 2016 (UTC)

 * Against deletion: It's thorough, but could maybe do with a nip/tuck.

 * Delete. What a load of rubbish. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 00:42, 22 December 2016 (UTC)

Deleted. bd2412 T 18:49, 22 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:emotionally stunted


text:
Talk:work together

RFD discussion: December 2016–January 2017
SOP. Nibiko (talk) 14:15, 2 December 2016 (UTC)
 * I would keep and add a sense for people, parts, or materials that function in combination to achieve a result. There are two distinct things going on here. If two people work for the same company, they "work together" even if they do completely unrelated tasks and the work of each is unaffected by that of the other. If two people must combine their efforts to achieve a result, they "work together" even if they do not share an employer (and even if they do not directly interact with each other at all). In other words, it is possible for people to "work together" even if they do not "work together". Moreover, the second sense also applies to, e.g., parts of a machine. The gas tank and the engine "work together" to make the car move, though they are not "workers" as in the first sense. bd2412 T 16:29, 2 December 2016 (UTC)

 * Cf. sleep together, maybe. Equinox ◑ 07:39, 3 December 2016 (UTC)

 * Delete existing sense. If a non-SoP sense is added, then should accommodate the existing SoP definition and other meaning that arise from combining the various senses of the two words. DCDuring TALK  18:06, 2 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Keep, a synonym of collaborate as well. DonnanZ (talk) 10:34, 3 December 2016 (UTC)
 * So is "work on the same thing with another person". Chuck Entz (talk) 17:36, 3 December 2016 (UTC)
 * I have added senses. There are three distinct ways that this phrase is used as a set phrase; one where people interact because they have a common employer (even if their tasks and goals are unrelated), the second is where people collaborate, even if they do not share an employer, and the third is where things function as parts of a whole, such as where two chemicals, once mixed, have an effect. bd2412 T 23:49, 3 December 2016 (UTC)

No consensus. bd2412 T 18:50, 22 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:work together


text:
Talk:family guy

RFD discussion: December 2016–January 2017
Not idiomatic? I don't think this could be used in the same context as "family man". DTLHS (talk) 03:11, 4 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Google ngram viewer has hits from the 1940s (well before the animated series). I've made it a synonym of . SemperBlotto (talk) 06:56, 4 December 2016 (UTC)

No consensus. bd2412 T 03:50, 24 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:family guy


text:
Talk:be silent

RFD discussion: December 2016–January 2017
Someone said we should not have this entry. But to me, this is an excellent example of translation target, per existence of single-word non-compound translations into a variety of languages, including schweigen, zwijgen, taire, taceo,, mlčet, callarse, etc.

Keep as a translation target. --Dan Polansky (talk) 06:15, 3 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Interestingly, "be silent" is in User:Dan_Polansky/Roget_MICRA/Class_IV._Words_Relating_to_the_Intellectual_Faculties, in 585. Taciturnity. --Dan Polansky (talk) 07:15, 3 December 2016 (UTC)

 * Keep this as an obvious translation target. I'm often surprised at the opposition to "translation target" entries. Over the years I have found Wiktionary to be especially valuable as an online substitute for bilingual translation dictionaries, and translation target entries are part of making Wiktionary useful for this purpose. A translation dictionary would never omit a term that is idiomatic in the other language just because it is not idiomatic in English; so, in order to be a properly useful multilingual dictionary, we should make an effort to include these entries. To do otherwise is to make the translation dictionary aspect of Wiktionary seem arbitrary and frustrating for our readers. This, that and the other (talk) 06:45, 3 December 2016 (UTC)

 * Keep. Perhaps we should just have on the definition line for such terms. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 07:39, 3 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Like day after tomorrow. Equinox ◑ 07:50, 3 December 2016 (UTC)
 * I don't like translation only, but if a this is a preference of a majority, it is better than deletion. For the particular case of "be silent", the particular sense with the translations is more specific, referring to refraining to speaking as opposed to refraining from making noises, and this should be made explicit at least in the head of the translation table. --Dan Polansky (talk) 07:56, 3 December 2016 (UTC)
 * I'll go with the flow, keep. A lot of "be" terms are translation targets, but aren't entered. DonnanZ (talk) 11:22, 3 December 2016 (UTC)

 * Comment Is be silent here equivalent to the imperative ? --หมวดซาโต้ (talk) 11:42, 3 December 2016 (UTC)
 * No, it's not limited to the imperative. Equinox ◑ 11:45, 3 December 2016 (UTC)
 * (after e/c): Not really. The lemma is for the verb, like "They were all silent; no one was speaking." --Dan Polansky (talk) 11:47, 3 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Delete as transparently SoP in English (this is English Wiktionary, after all). If you think a translation target rationale to be sufficient, you might see which Wiktionaries use such a rationale for inclusion and use that to propose for vote a policy change in favor of translation targets. DCDuring TALK 12:13, 3 December 2016 (UTC)
 * WT:CFI says: "In rare cases, a phrase that is arguably unidiomatic may be included by the consensus of the community, based on the determination of editors that inclusion of the term is likely to be useful to readers." How this got there is another matter, but it seems to reflect the consensus of editors although objective evidence for that consensus is missing, AFAIK. German Wiktionary allows translations in non-German entries so they do not need German translation targets/translation hubs. A draft of CFI expansion is at User talk:Dan_Polansky/2015. A rationale is at User talk:Dan_Polansky/2015, at the bottom of the thread. --Dan Polansky (talk) 04:44, 4 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Why do we need "translation targets" in the first place? I see no problem with writing "# to be silent" as the definition line of the Finnish verb . --Hekaheka (talk) 22:57, 3 December 2016 (UTC)
 * You're thinking about the Finnish-English, not English-Finnish dictionary. I want to be able to say how to say in Finnish and other languages but the English Wiktionary won't have an entry for it if it's deleted. I would need to go to the German Wiktionary to check e.g. if  has a translation into Finnish or French  but they don't. So, there's no way to translate some even very common words in other languages into a third language if the English entry is missing. It's a bridge between "молчать" (Russian), "vaieta" (Finnish), "schweigen" (German), etc.--Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 23:37, 3 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Got it. "Translation hub" would describe this function better. --Hekaheka (talk) 02:58, 4 December 2016 (UTC)
 * "Translation hub" or "Translation target", not sure what is best. How do you vote - keep, delete, abstain? Now, to translate the Finnish "vaieta" into Estonian (vaikima), next time you go to Tallinn, you don't need to look for a Finnish-Estonian dictionary. It's a problem for me to find certain translations of words, when the English term is not idiomatic or too ambiguous, as in this case. I have to use Russian-other language dictionaries, if they exist. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 03:40, 5 December 2016 (UTC)
 * I like that description - a "translation hub" is exactly what makes sense where there are multiple single-word foreign translations. bd2412 T 03:06, 4 December 2016 (UTC)

 * Delete per DCD. —msh210℠ (talk) 19:28, 4 December 2016 (UTC)
 * I can't recall how we've handled translation targets in the past, but I vote keep on the condition that the definition consist of "See be and silent" (rather than actually being defined as it now is) with a notice at the top of the entry stating that this is a translation hub of an SOP term, if this is not already how we treat such entries. The translation table should retain the current gloss. Andrew Sheedy (talk) 05:22, 5 December 2016 (UTC)
 * @Andrew Sheedy: Why not like this:
 * (translation hub) To refrain from speaking; to say nothing.
 * And the label could link to Wiktionary glossary explaining what a translation hub is. --Dan Polansky (talk) 15:24, 10 December 2016 (UTC)
 * I'm not a fan of that, mainly for the reason that "translation hub" isn't an actual contextual label. I envision something more like the banner on phrasebook entries (which, come to think of it, do include a definition of the word, so maybe I wouldn't oppose retaining a gloss definition). I just think it should be fairly clearly noted that the term is SOP and exists entirely for the sake of translations. Andrew Sheedy (talk) 16:30, 10 December 2016 (UTC)
 * I think that translations of "be silent" should go under "silent", suitably labelled. Who would guess that a separate entry "be silent" existed, or think to look there? Mihia (talk) 21:52, 6 December 2016 (UTC)
 * @Mihia: It would be anyone who arrived at be silent from schweigen, with the intent to land at the Spanish term for schweigen, which they learn to be callarse. --Dan Polansky (talk) 12:42, 10 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Abstain until we have a policy on so-called "translation targets" that has been agreed by consensus. — SMUconlaw (talk) 07:51, 7 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Delete. I don't think anyone would look this up and, though the way English handles this idea is not unidiomatic, the copula + adjective construction is too common to work as a lemma IMO. Probably a better way of handling this is by having more flexible translations at – so the French translation might say ; cf. . Ƿidsiþ 08:17, 7 December 2016 (UTC)
 * The question is whether this approach would work for all so-called "translation targets". I have a feeling it would not, but can't come up with any examples... This, that and the other (talk) 10:53, 8 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Keep unless there's consensus to have this table separately at silent, with a header along the lines of Verbs meaning "be silent". I don't know whether this solution would work for all SOP translation targets, but it would work for this one. —Aɴɢʀ (talk) 11:44, 8 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Delete. I'm surprised so many people support a keep on this. There are thousands of be + adjective forms which could be one term in a given language, it would be impossible to include all of these on Wiktionary. Surely having the relevant sense at silent is good enough, and indeed that is where most users would look. ---> Tooironic (talk) 02:28, 9 December 2016 (UTC)
 * What is another example from these thousands "be adjective" terms that is supported by the translation target/translation hub rationale? --Dan Polansky (talk) 12:42, 10 December 2016 (UTC)
 * I can only think of [[be born]] (participle, not adjective), which should be kept for the same reason. We don't need to have an entry for to [[be asleep]], since we have an entry for [[sleep] (verb) but modern English lacks a verb for "not to speak", even if Old and Middle English had a word for it and all Germanic languages do. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 13:30, 10 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Keep as "transliation hub" per above. —Enosh (talk) 21:51, 10 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Abstain. This matter really needs a conclusive vote. Personally I'd be in favour of something similar to for translation hubs, with the translations listed, but it the users being pointed to the individual entries that constitute the English SoP term. Either way, it'd be a shame to lose all those translations. They're a valuable resource. — Kleio (t · c) 21:58, 10 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Delete per Tooironic. In some languages, it's very common for a stative verb with the meaning "be x" to take the place of an adjective meaning "x". It would be a great disservice to our users to not list these under the translations of x. In fact, they should be listed under the adjective sense, so that if a language happens to have both an adjective and a verb, they should be listed together. For example, for Dutch:, . This way, the verb is offered as a possibility for the user, and they can then themselves decide which fits their use better. —CodeCat 23:14, 10 December 2016 (UTC)
 * @CodeCat: Can you please give some examples of these stative verbs? On another note, this discussion is not necessarily about removing schweigen from silent; schweigen is already there, wrongly placed in the first translation table. Removing duplication at any and all costs leads to poor usability. --Dan Polansky (talk) 06:45, 11 December 2016 (UTC)
 * It seems some schweigen words were first added to the translation table in silent in, in April 2012. I for one would not think to look there to find verb translations for "be silent". If "be silent" were to be deleted, it would be best I think to create a separate translation table in silent with the heading "refrain from speaking; not speak" or the like. --Dan Polansky (talk) 06:52, 11 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Yes, simply separating translations for different parts of speech by commas won't do any good and would confuse the hell out of users. At least a separate translation gloss is required for the static verb sense ("to be silent, to refrain from speaking" (or similar). --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 08:21, 11 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Delete per DCD and Tooironic. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 23:19, 10 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Then again, in relation to what Tooironic said: What are some of those "thousands of be + adjective forms" supported by the translation target/translation hub rationale? --Dan Polansky (talk) 07:22, 11 December 2016 (UTC)
 * be green, be blue, be red, be good, be bad, and many others. These adjectives must be translated as verbs in dozens of Bantu languages, for example. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 08:06, 11 December 2016 (UTC)
 * @Μετάknowledge: Thank you. I am interested in these Bantu terms, above all. If Bantu languages would spoil the translation hub rationale, we would have to refine the rationale to require that the supporting terms are from multiple language families, e.g. at least one Germanic and one Slavic. --Dan Polansky (talk) 08:10, 11 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Many Amerindian families have similar behaviour. Note that Germanic and Slavic are both Indo-European, and thus belong to the same language family. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 08:12, 11 December 2016 (UTC)
 * The idea and reasoning of a "translation target" (hub) is misunderstood. It's understandable because it's not defined. We don't create thousands of "be + adjective" entries to cater for Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc., etc. translations. Adjectives have verb meanings and usage in a great number of languages. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 08:18, 11 December 2016 (UTC)
 * My bad with "language family". If certain language groups such as Bantu and Amerindian would spoil the translation hub rationale, they need to be excluded from the operationalized criteria used for that rationale. In User talk:Dan_Polansky/2015, we have "A translation does not qualify to support the English term if it is [...] a phrase in a language that does not use spaces to separate words"; I don't know whether that would help here. --Dan Polansky (talk) 08:27, 11 December 2016 (UTC)
 * "be silent" has the further distinction that an ancestor language of English itself has a single word for it, as pointed out above. --Dan Polansky (talk) 08:29, 11 December 2016 (UTC)
 * I didn't mean the use of spaces. I meant that in a large number of languages an adjective (by default) is normally also a verb. There are many other similar cases (e.g. German and Dutch adjectives are also adverbs). We don't need to cater for that. "be silent" is a case when it's different from normal. Even languages where adjectives are not verbs at the same time have a separate verb for this sense and there's a big number of these languages. English actually stands out as an odd one here. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 08:42, 11 December 2016 (UTC)
 * There seems to be an interesting principle here: the support for "be silent" can be obtained from languages that do not support a great number of "be adjective" terms, and therefore, taking these languages into consideration does not open the floodgates. Let us therefore, in each translation hub deliberation, exclude those languages from the consideration whose inclusion in it would lead to an overflood. --Dan Polansky (talk) 11:24, 11 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Yes, agreed. This is the status quo, anyway. Consider some example languages where adjective=verb: Chinese, Thai , Vietnamese , they don't require any special translation targets, which would, of course, cause an overflood for each adjective.
 * The Thai sentence literally means "you" + "(to be) beautiful", no copula is needed with adjectives. The adjective is also the verb.
 * You can this add this consideration into a future vote on translation targets if you're ever planning to go ahead with this. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 11:49, 11 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Keep as translation target. Matthias Buchmeier (talk) 11:53, 11 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Comment. If we keep this, we'll have to start creating some more, like be shy (it's a verb in Chinese, 害羞), be patient (耐心), be happy (開心), be stuck (卡), etc. I also note we currently have entries for be born and be like, among others. ---> Tooironic (talk) 15:49, 13 December 2016 (UTC)
 * We will avoid the overflood of "be + adjective" entries. See mine and D. Polansky's comments above. "Be silent" and "be born" are special cases to house translations into Indo-European languages including Old English and not claiming idiomaticity. It's interesting that you make so many SoP or borderline entries and are worried about this one. ;) --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 20:37, 13 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Haha, I knew you'd say that. :P For the record, for the thousands of entries I've created, only a handful have been found SoP and deleted. I just find it strange one of Wiktionary's basic rules of avoiding SoP can be bypassed simply because a collocation happens to be translated into one word in a particular language family. It screams of slippery slope to me. ---> Tooironic (talk) 00:59, 14 December 2016 (UTC)
 * What about "be afraid". It has single-word equivalents in many European languages. --Hekaheka (talk) 12:55, 17 December 2016 (UTC)
 * "To be afraid" has at least an idiomatic synonym - to "fear". --14:27, 17 December 2016 (UTC)
 * @Tooironic: Per User talk:Dan_Polansky/2015, Chinese does not count toward translation hub rationale since it does not use spaces to separate words. --Dan Polansky (talk) 11:02, 24 December 2016 (UTC)

 * The comment @ "4:27, 17 December 2016" above was mine, I stuffed up my signature.
 * If I remember correctly, in some instances User:Tooironic voted to keep entries because they had idiomatic translations in Chinese but I can't find such examples right now. I disagree that languages using  should be treated very differently but they need an extra clause in our CFI - because determining word boundaries and defining "word" is more complex with such languages. We do have active editors with most languages in these categories - Chinese (all varieties), Japanese, Thai, Lao, Khmer, Burmese, Tibetan. Vietnamese has also a similar challenge, even if it's not a scriptio continua language (spaces are inserted after every syllable in 99% of cases, making it more difficult to determine multi-syllabic word boundaries).
 * In fact, many Asian languages, which are also scriptio continua have idiomatic terms for SoP's like older brother. The Chinese term or Thai  are definitely idiomatic and I don't see why they can't be used for "translation target/hub" rationale. As I said, just the CFI for these languages need to be addressed. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 00:31, 28 December 2016 (UTC)

Delete. There is no reason a translation target needs to be a single word. Kiwima (talk) 20:13, 13 December 2016 (UTC)
 * I don't know what your comment means ("there is no reason a translation target needs to be a single word") but you comment was inserted in the middle of someone else's. I have moved it down. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 22:24, 13 December 2016 (UTC)

 * I am curious as to whether advocates of keeping this would also favor keeping, say, grow silent, fall silent, keep silent, stay silent (≈ remain silent), or the less common become silent, seem silent, appear silent. Are there no languages that have inchoatives (grow s., fall s., become s.) distinct from statives? Are there no languages that have single words for seem s., appear s. ("seemingly silent, but perhaps not actually so")? What about keep s., which indicates active self-restraint or restraint by others? What about the continuative aspect stay s, keep s.? I also recall reading about a language which incorporates the equivalent of the English as far as I know or last time I looked into verbs to express the epistemic state of the proposition from the speaker's point of view.
 * Is there a principled basis for limiting the translation-target rationale in any way? Based on the discussions we've had, it seems that our "principle" is simply majority rule of the active interested. DCDuring TALK 14:30, 17 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Re the first question: I wouldn't, even if there are some idiomatic terms in Slavic languages for "to fall silence". As for the principle for limiting translation-target rationale, I don't see a majority rule applied here. The rationale is not defined yet but it's just for making easier to find translations between languages for very common terms, which exist in many languages. E.g. there's no way to find a Kyrgyz translation using an English-Kyrgyz dictionary, you have to use a different language, e.g. use a a Russian term: . --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 06:38, 18 December 2016 (UTC)
 * To clarify: it's fall silent, as in "When the skater fell, the crown fell silent".
 * Obviously, it is majority rule in the RfD process, with a bias toward keeping any existing entry ("No consensus to delete"), as if we had a shortage of good entries. DCDuring TALK 13:58, 18 December 2016 (UTC)

Comment. We list swie as English. We can move all these translations there: voilà, a translation hub. I think that takes care of all the keep-voters' arguments, so even they'd agree to delete. Right? —msh210℠ (talk) 00:11, 19 December 2016 (UTC)
 * My position has been that rare English terms should not be used as translation targets/translation hubs. That position is captured in the criteria draft: User talk:Dan_Polansky/2015. For instance, I want Czech anglistika to be in English studies rather than Anglistics. For swie to serve as a translation hub, swie would have to be in the definition lines of the non-English terms, which I submit would be awkward. --Dan Polansky (talk) 10:23, 24 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Thinking of swie, there is another tentative inclusion principle that I like: a high-frequency multi-word sum-of-parts term should be included if it has at least one single-word synonym and all its single-word synonyms are rare. --Dan Polansky (talk) 10:29, 24 December 2016 (UTC)

It seems that the main argument for keeping this is "translation target". As far as I know in most languages you can say be+silent by combining be+silent in that particular language. French: être silencieux; Spanish: estar silencioso; German leise sein, Swedish: vara tyst, Finnish: olla hiljaa... --Hekaheka (talk) 18:21, 25 December 2016 (UTC)

 * . The gloss is specific for "refrain from speaking". can be added to the bottom. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 00:31, 28 December 2016 (UTC)
 * My concern is mainly what should be done with languages that have no adjective for (or any other) and express such a meaning exclusively with a stative verb. If we have no translation at  and expect users to know to look at  it would be very cumbersome to our users for no real reason. An example I can think of is the Zulu word for "open", which is expressed exclusively with one of two stative verbs  and, both meaning "be open". These should be placed at our entry ; to have no translation there at all, merely because the Zulu word is not an adjective, would be ridiculous. —CodeCat 00:37, 28 December 2016 (UTC)

 * Zulu seems not very different from many East Asian languages where adjective=verb (almost). See my post @11:49, 11 December 2016 above. You can just add Zulu translations in silent and open (the adjective sense). is very convenient in directing users to correct places for translations, e.g. . --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 01:05, 28 December 2016 (UTC)

No consensus after extensive discussion. The votes to keep or delete are roughly even. bd2412 T 18:55, 22 January 2017 (UTC)

Redirect to keep quiet?
If we have an entry of the same meaning which is not a translation hub, why have this translation hub? Korn [kʰũːɘ̃n] (talk) 17:19, 19 June 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:be silent


text:
Talk:sexual role

RFD discussion: December 2016–January 2017
SoP. No Wikipedia article. Equinox ◑ 12:06, 4 December 2016 (UTC)

 * Delete. I would understand gender role (OneLook), but sexual role is just not common (OneLook). Nibiko (talk) 12:34, 4 December 2016 (UTC)

Deleted. bd2412 T 18:51, 22 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:sexual role


text:
Talk:Internet predator

RFD discussion: December 2016–January 2017
SoP, I think. The entry gives a sexual definition, but it can really be any predator on the Internet, e.g. (2005, Tom Antion, The ultimate guide to electronic marketing for small business) "To best serve your customers, you should know about Internet scams to help protect them from falling prey to financial Internet predators." Equinox ◑ 20:31, 7 December 2016 (UTC)
 * But there might be a language that needs this as a translation target. DCDuring TALK 21:42, 7 December 2016 (UTC)
 * There will always be a language. We'll soon have to add every conceivable sentence. Delete. --Hekaheka (talk) 22:43, 7 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Unless someone presents specific examples of languages to support the translation target/translation hub rationale, I don't think this rationale can be sincerely applied. Above, it looks rather like sarcasm, an unpleasant form of communication all too often arousing negative emotions in the intended recipients, replacing strength of argument with something else, suggesting that strong argument is lacking. I hope these cheap shots at translation target/translation hub rationale will have no or little effect, but you never know. --Dan Polansky (talk) 14:47, 10 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Don't be silly, Dan; we would never use sarcasm to make fun of your non-CFI-based rationales for keeping entries. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 05:54, 23 January 2017 (UTC)

 * RFD failed. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 05:54, 23 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Internet predator


text:
Talk:พระบรมราช

RFD discussion: December 2016–January 2017
Deletion reason given by User:Octahedron80: "it must be พระ and พระบรม. ราช is the part of lemma"

Keep The term alone is a lemma and is not created erroneously. Its usage is governed by established rules, as stated in general websites about the royal terms, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, including the Ministry of Culture website (2016-01-19), which contains the full list of the royal headwords and their usage. --iudexvivorum (talk) 09:56, 12 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Keep I've added a reference into the entry. It's a standard published by the Thai government. --YURi (talk) 15:25, 12 December 2016 (UTC)
 * RFD passed, as it looks that you guys have worked it out. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 05:49, 23 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:พระบรมราช


text:
Talk:ドラゴンボール

RFD discussion: December 2016–January 2017
"". —suzukaze (t・c) 02:08, 12 December 2016 (UTC)

If Pokemon and Final Fantasy can't exist, this can't exist either. --Octahedron80 (talk) 03:45, 18 January 2017 (UTC)
 * RFD failed. No consensus to include names of works like this seems to exist. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 05:51, 23 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:ドラゴンボール


text:
Talk:法律用語

RFD discussion: December 2016–January 2017
法律 + 用語. —suzukaze (t・c) 00:53, 25 December 2016 (UTC)
 * More SOP. Delete.  ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │Tala við mig 02:32, 27 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Deleted. — SMUconlaw (talk) 07:42, 22 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:法律用語


text:
Talk:มีวิวัฒนาการ

RFD discussion: December 2016–January 2017
SOP --หมวดซาโต้ (talk) 07:29, 24 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Delete --Octahedron80 (talk) 03:43, 18 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Deleted. — SMUconlaw (talk) 07:42, 22 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:มีวิวัฒนาการ


text:
Talk:テレヸジョン

RFD discussion: December 2016–January 2017
These entries are made up. This spellings are not used. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 11:01, 25 December 2016 (UTC)
 * finds three hits: one is this RFD page, the other two are dupes of a 2chan feed making fun of this pronunciation. Delete.  ‑‑ Eiríkr Útlendi │Tala við mig 02:46, 27 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Deleted. — SMUconlaw (talk) 07:42, 22 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:テレヸジョン


text:
Talk:Lost numbers

RFD discussion: December 2016–January 2017
Set of numbers from TV show Lost. Similar construction to Star Trek episode or X-Files actress. Equinox ◑ 05:35, 31 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Delete as SoP. — SMUconlaw (talk) 17:33, 31 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Delete DCDuring TALK 21:04, 31 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Delete per nom. Encyclopedic; no lexical value. bd2412 T 22:53, 31 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Deleted. — SMUconlaw (talk) 07:34, 22 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lost numbers


text:
Talk:เริ่มทำ

RFD discussion: December 2016–January 2017
SOP --หมวดซาโต้ (talk) 11:41, 26 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Delete --Octahedron80 (talk) 03:42, 18 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Deleted. — SMUconlaw (talk) 07:37, 22 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:เริ่มทำ


text:
Talk:Aztec gold

RFD discussion: December 2016–January 2017
Seems a bit self-evident really, the gold of the Aztecs. Equinox ◑ 11:14, 30 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Delete. Andrew Sheedy (talk) 01:25, 22 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Deleted. — SMUconlaw (talk) 17:16, 22 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Aztec gold


text:
Talk:ยามเช้า

RFD discussion: December 2016–January 2017
SOP --หมวดซาโต้ (talk) 09:24, 28 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Delete --Octahedron80 (talk) 03:41, 18 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Deleted. — SMUconlaw (talk) 07:35, 22 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:ยามเช้า


text:
Talk:หล้ง

RFD discussion: January 2017
Typo of --หมวดซาโต้ (talk) 01:49, 11 January 2017 (UTC)

 * Delete Not a common misspelling. --YURi (talk) 02:50, 13 January 2017 (UTC)

 * Delete --Octahedron80 (talk) 03:40, 18 January 2017 (UTC)

 * Deleted. — SMUconlaw (talk) 07:33, 22 January 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:หล้ง


text: iridiche

title: iridiche


text: iridici

title: iridici


text: iridica

title: iridica


text:
tumbérgia

Noun

 * 1) thunbergia any member of the genus of flowering plants

title: tumbérgia


text:
ghudal

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) lie

title: ghudal


text:
Bidpai

Etymology
From, possibly a corruption of.

Proper noun

 * 1)  A wise philosopher in traditional fables.

Translations

 * Arabic: بيدبا

title: Bidpai


text: Citations:Bionade Bourgeoisie

title: Citations:Bionade Bourgeoisie


text:
erva gigante

Noun

 * 1) bear's breech
 * 1) bear's breech

title: erva gigante


text:
margarida-amarela

Noun

 * 1) black eyed susan, a flowering plant of North America

title: margarida-amarela


text:
wygiöd

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) comfort

title: wygiöd