text:
Talk:Corporeal

Untitled
Shouldn't this be in Wiktionary? -- User:JimD

Yes, it should. It's a dictionary entry not an encyclopedia entry. -- Derek Ross

Agreed and marked. -- User:Atomiktoaster

So... this was transwikied ages ago, but we never did anything to this article. I proposed it for deletion, but an anonymous user objected. What should we do with it? As it stands it's really not an encyclopedia article.--Colindownes 15:18, 23 April 2006 (UTC)

Whatever, to the AfD it goes.--Colindownes 14:38, 28 April 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Corporeal


text:
Barbary Coast

The Barbary Coast (also Barbary, Berbery or Berber Coast) was the name given to the coastal regions of central and western North Africa or more specifically the Maghreb and the Ottoman borderlands consisting of the regencies in Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli, as well as the Sultanate of Morocco from the 16th to 19th centuries. The term originates from an exonym for the Berbers.

History

Barbary was not always a unified political entity. From the 16th century onwards, it was divided into the political entities of the Regency of Algiers, Tripolitania, Regency of Tunis, and Sharifan Empire. Major rulers and petty monarchs during the times of the Barbary States' plundering parties included the dey of Algiers, pasha of Tripoli, bey of Tunis, and the sultan of Morocco.

In 1625, the pirate fleet of Algiers, by far the largest, numbered 100 ships of various sizes,carrying 8,000 to 10,000 men. The corsair industry alone accounted for 25 percent of the workforce of the city, not counting other activities of the port. The fleet only averaged 25 ships in the 1680s, but these were larger vessels than had been used since the 1620s, so the fleet still employed  some 7,000 men. In addition 2,500 men manned the pirate fleet of Tripoli, 3,000 in Tunis, and several thousand more in the various minor pirate bases such as Bona, Susa, Bizerta, and Salé. The corsairs were not solely natives of the cities where they were based; while many were Arabs and Berbers, there were also Turks, Greeks, Albanians, Syrians, and renegade Italians, especially Corsicans, among their number.

The first military land action overseas of the United States was executed by the US Marines and the US Navy in 1805 at the Battle of Derna, at Tripoli, a coastal city now in eastern Libya, in April 1805. It was part of an effort to destroy the Barbary pirates and end piracy between warring tribes by the Barbary states, which were themselves member states of the Ottoman Empire. The opening line of the Marines' Hymn refers to this action: "From the halls of Montezuma to the shores of Tripoli...".

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Barbary Coast


text:
User talk:Zizonus

Posting to my own User talk page to see how it works. Dr. Z 03:21, 6 Mar 2004 (UTC)

File permission problem with File:Phal hybrid1.jpg
Thanks for uploading File:Phal hybrid1.jpg, which you've sourced to Permission parameter says: (c) John Azelvandre 2002, GFDL licensed. and no EXIF data. I noticed that while you provided a valid copyright licensing tag, there is no proof that the creator of the file agreed to license it under the given license.

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If you believe the media meets the criteria at Non-free content, use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at File copyright tags, and add a rationale justifying the file's use on the article or articles where it is included. See File copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

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ArbCom elections are now open!
Hi, You appear to be eligible to vote in the current Arbitration Committee election. The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to enact binding solutions for disputes between editors, primarily related to serious behavioural issues that the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the ability to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail. If you wish to participate, you are welcome to review the candidates' statements and submit your choices on the voting page. For the Election committee, MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 22:14, 30 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Zizonus


text:
Daniel Moore (poet)

Daniel Abdal-Hayy Moore (July 30, 1940, Oakland, California – April 18, 2016, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) was a U.S. poet, essayist and librettist. In 1970 he converted to the Sufi tradition of Islam and changed his name to Abdal-Hayy (eventually merging it with his birth-name). He then created works such as Ramadan Sonnets (1996) and The Blind Beekeeper (2002), most works being self-published. In early adulthood Moore traveled widely, living in Morocco, Spain, Algeria, and Nigeria as well as in Santa Barbara in the United States.

Poetic works

 * Dawn Visions (City Lights Books, San Francisco, 1964)
 * This Body of Black Light (Fred Stone, Cambridge, 1965)
 * Burnt Heart (City Lights Books, San Francisco, 1971)
 * The Desert is the Only Way Out (Zilzal Press, Santa Barbara, 1985)
 * The Chronicles of Akhira (Zilzal Press, Santa Barbara, 1986)
 * Halley's Comet (Zilzal Press, Santa Barbara, 1986)
 * Atomic Dance (am here books, Santa Barbara, 1988)
 * Awake As Never Before (Zilzal Press, Philadelphia, 1993)
 * The Quest for Beauty —illustrated by Sara Steele (Zilzal Press, Philadelphia, 1994)
 * Roses, A Selection of Poems (Zilzal Press, Philadelphia, 1994)
 * Maulood, a poem in praise of The Prophet Muhammad (Zilzal Press, Philadelphia, 1995)
 * Mecca/Medina Time-Warp (Zilzal Press, Philadelphia, 1996)
 * The Ramadan Sonnets (Kitab/City Lights Books, Bethesda/San Francisco, 1996)
 * The Blind Beekeeper (Zilzal Press Chapbook, Philadelphia, 1999)
 * The Blind Beekeeper, Poems (Jusoor/Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, 2001)
 * Mars & Beyond (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2005)
 * Salt Prayers (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2005)
 * Laughing Buddha Weeping Sufi (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2005)
 * Ramadan Sonnets (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2005)
 * Psalms for the Brokenhearted (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2006)
 * I Imagine a Lion (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2006)
 * Coattails of the Saint (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2006)
 * Love is a Letter Burning in a High Wind (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2006)
 * Abdallah Jones and the Disappearing-Dust Caper (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2006)
 * The Flame of Transformation Turns to Light/Ninety-Nine Ghazals Written in English (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2007)
 * Underwater Galaxies (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2007)
 * The Music Space (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2007)
 * Cooked Oranges (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2007)
 * Through Rose Colored Glasses (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2008)
 * Like When You Wave at a Train and the Train Hoots Back at You/Farid's Book (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2008)
 * In the Realm of Neither (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2008)
 * The Fire Eater's Lunchbreak (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2008)
 * Millennial Prognostications (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2008)
 * You Open a Door and It's a Starry Night (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2009)
 * Where Death Goes (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2009)
 * Shaking the Quicksilver Pool (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2009)
 * The Perfect Orchestra (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2009)
 * Sparrow on the Prophet's Tomb (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2009)
 * A Maddening Disregard for the Passage of Time (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2009)
 * Stretched Out on Amethysts (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2010)
 * Invention of the Wheel (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2010)
 * Chants for the Beauty Feast (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2011)
 * In Constant Incandescence (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2011)
 * Holiday from the Perfect Crime (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2011)
 * The Caged Bear Spies the Angel (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2011)
 * The Puzzle (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2011)
 * Ramadan is Burnished Sunlight (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2011)
 * Ala-udeen & The Magic Lamp (with illustrations by the author) (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2011)
 * The Crown of Creation (with illustrations by the author) (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2012)
 * Blood Songs (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2012), 2013 American Book Award
 * Down at the Deep End The Ecstatic Exchange, 2012)
 * Next Life (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2013)
 * A Hundred Little 3D Pictures (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2013)
 * Miracle Songs for the Millennium (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2014)
 * He Comes Running, A Turkish Sojourn, and Myths We Never Knew (The Ecstatic Exchange, 2014)

The Floating Lotus Magic Opera Company

 * The Walls are Running Blood (1968)
 * Bliss Apocalypse (1970)
 * Bliss Apocalypse Contemporaries: 28 New American Poets (Viking Press, New York 1972)

Bawa Muhaiyaddeen Fellowship plays

 * Tayyad Sultan (1994)
 * Mr Richman and The Shaykh (1995)
 * The City of Sokku (1996)
 * Meeting in Mecca (1997)

The Floating Lotus Magic Puppet Theater

 * The Mystical Romance of Layla & Majnun (2000)

Songs, musical texts, and libretti

 * Rainforest [commissioned text], an oratorio by Henry Brant (1989)
 * Pilgrimage [Memoirs of a Dying Parachutist], chamber piece for baritone and chamber orchestra by Roscoe Mitchell (1995)
 * Links [Links], piece for sextet and baritone by Henry Threadgill (1999)
 * A Piece of Coal [Piece of Coal], for piano and baritone by Stephen Dickman (2001)
 * The Blind Beekeeper [The Blind Beekeeper], setting for piano and baritone by W. A. Mathieu (2003)
 * From: A Hundred Little 3D Pictures, for piano and baritone, by J.B. Floyd (2003)
 * In Crossing the Busy Street, for piano and baritone, by J.B. Floyd (2009)

Commissioned works (poetry/prose)

 * The Zen Rock Garden, A Way of Seeing with boxed miniature rock garden (Running Press, Philadelphia, 1992)
 * Warrior Wisdom (Running Press, Philadelphia, 1993)
 * The New York Ramayana —poetry narration (Lotus Music & Dance Studios, New York 2000)
 * The Little Box of Zen (Larry Teacher Books, 2001)
 * The Eagle Dance: A Tribute to the Mohawk High-Steel Workers —scenario, poetry text, direction and narration (Lotus Music & Dance Studios, New York 2001)

Editorial works

 * The Adam of Two Edens: The Poems of Mahmoud Darwish, as editor of various translators (Jusoor/Syracuse University Press 2001)
 * State of Siege by Mahmoud Darwish, editor of the translation by Munir Akash (2004)

Anthologized works

 * Mark in Time: Portraits & Poetry (Glide Publications, San Francisco 1971)
 * Contemporaries: 28 New American Poets (The Viking Press 1972)
 * San Francisco Oracle (Facsimile Edition 1995)
 * Haight Ashbury in the 60's! (CD Rom, Rockument 1996)

Works for children

 * The Story of Noah, illustrations by Malika Moore (Iqra Books, Texas 1979)
 * The Cage-bird's Escape, illustrations by the author (Zahra Publications, Texas 1981)
 * Sulayman and the Throne of Bilqis, illustrations by Malika Moore (Zahra Publications, 1983)
 * Abdallah Jones and the Disappearing-Dust Caper (The Ecstatic Exchange/Crescent Series, 2006)

Critical mention

 * Saturday Review of Books, Kenneth Rexroth on American Poetry (1965)
 * Rolling Stone, "Floating Lotus" (San Francisco 1969)
 * Festival—The Book of American Musical Celebrations, segment on “Floating Lotus Magic Opera Company.“ (Collier Books, New York 1970)
 * Mug Shots: Who's Who in the New Earth, article and biography. (Meridian, World Publishing 1972)
 * Literary San Francisco, Lawrence Ferlinghetti & Nancy Peters. (City Lights Books/Harper & Row, San Francisco 1980)
 * Saudi Gazette, "A Lone Voice," Julia Simpson’s article on the poet. (March 16, 1988)
 * Ellipses Magazine, "Return of a Sufi." (Princeton, Vol V No 5 1996-97)
 * The Temple, Karl Kempton’s review of The Ramadan Sonnets. (Vol 3 No 3 Summer 1999)

title: Daniel Moore (poet)


text:
Jamie Murphy (footballer, born 1973)

James Murphy (born 25 February 1973) is an English physiotherapist and former professional footballer. He played as a left-back.

Manchester-born Murphy began his career at Blackpool in 1990, where he was mainly a deputy to Mitch Cook. In five years at Bloomfield Road, the defender made 77 league appearances and scored four goals. He appeared as a substitute for Mike Davies in Blackpool's Division Four play-off final victory against Scunthorpe United on 23 May 1992 at Wembley.

In 1995, Murphy was released by Seasiders ' manager Sam Allardyce. He joined Doncaster Rovers, with whom he remained for two years.

His next stop was Cambridge United. He signed a rolling contract with the U's, but left the club after only three months.

In November 1997 Murphy signed for Halifax Town. He made 83 appearances and scored four goals for the Shaymen in three years.

Murphy returned to Lancashire in 2000 to join Morecambe, where he played alongside ex-Blackpool teammate Steve McIlhargey. He left the Shrimps in 2004 and finished his career with neighbours Lancaster City.

Murphy then went on to do his physiotherapy degree and gained a First class honours at the University of Salford and worked for Bolton Wanderers from 2004 until 2007. He then joined Newcastle United, where he worked as a fitness coach and/or physio.

Murphy was later to return to his hometown of Manchester. He became a Manchester City physio during the time of Mark Hughes' management and later became head physio; however, during the second season of Roberto Mancini's management he stopped being seen acting on match days with the first-team players, although the club later denied he had been demoted or forced to work with the club's Academy players. The club confirmed that he was never asked or took any duties within the academy. On 17 February he left the club by mutual consent. It was reported that he received a £250,000 pay-off from the club.

After resigning from his post as head of sports medicine and sports science at Manchester City, he joined Major League Soccer team New York Red Bulls. He currently works as the team's performance director.

Honours
Blackpool
 * Division Four play-off winner: 1991-92

title: Jamie Murphy (footballer, born 1973)


text:
Talk:Mauritius

Chagos Archipelago section
The section on the Chagos Archipelago is far too long for this article. Everything other than the first paragraph and maybe a second paragraph summarizing the all other Chagos Archipelago dispute content should be moved to their own respective articles and removed from this article. This article is on the country of Mauritius after all, not the Chagos Archipelago dispute which only forms a a part of that country's biography.--Discott (talk) 09:59, 9 March 2019 (UTC)
 * Yes, you are right, i will try to clean it up. Regards --Kingroyos (talk) 15:15, 5 April 2019 (UTC)

Thank you ! That's exactly what I have been saying to for months !

Manish2542 (talk) 19:55, 18 August 2019 (UTC)

Dear, needful was already done in April 2019, we are already in August now. You had been removing content in the intro and not in the Chagos Archipelago section. Kingroyos (talk) 05:06, 25 August 2019 (UTC)

"The UK has restricted access to" has an ambiguous meaning and should be changed. It should I think say "The UK has imposed a restricted access to". Right now, it might mean that the UK cannot access it, itself. --User:theredsprite — Preceding undated comment added 22:00, 9 October 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 23 February 2022
Typo in the introduction: change "country African country" to "African country". WikiFouf (talk) 06:44, 23 February 2022 (UTC)
 * ✅ Cannolis (talk) 06:50, 23 February 2022 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 15:12, 23 March 2023 (UTC)
 * Mauritius Product Exports (2019).svg

1914–1919: World War I prosperity
The one and only source cited in the section "1914–1919: World War I prosperity" contains no mention of WW1, nor of the period 1914-18. 80.3.183.104 (talk) 05:04, 6 April 2023 (UTC)

The mention of homosexuality in the legal system section
To elaborate on what I'd written in my edit summary, I removed the sentence There are no legal restrictions against homosexuality in Mauritius. because, in a general article on Mauritius, in a general section about its legal system, listing that one particular thing is not illegal, out of all the things that are not illegal in that country, or that are legal there, gives that one thing WP:UNDUE emphasis. The entire legal system doesn't exactly revolve around that one non-prohibition, yet the positioning of that sentence in the place in an otherwise general section gives the impression that that is the height of everything that has ever happened in the Mauritian legal system. Its insertion there as though it were of supreme significance in the overall context of the Mauritian legal system is an WP:NPOV violation.

Varoon2542's alternative explanation for my edit, as though the above weren't a valid argument was that it was out of "low-key homophobia". As I've already noted in my edit summary response, I'm gay and have advocated for gay rights for 45 years. This isn't the first time somebody has resorted to attributing hatred of some sort to me as a reason for an edit I made. I (Jewish as well as gay) have been accused here of both homophobia and anti-Semitism for making legitimate edits. Let this be a lesson: hate is sometimes but usually not the reason that people do things you disagree with, so you'd better know what you're talking about before making accusations.

It's worth noting that the language was added in this edit. The full text had been Mauritius is often described as Africa's most developed country. There are no legal restrictions against homosexuality in Mauritius. This was clearly POV, with the second sentence intended to support the first in implying that a lack of legal restrictions on homosexuality is a centerpiece of a developed country. I mean, I think it isbut that's my POV, it doesn't belong in an article. Later, someone removed the first sentence, so that sentence about homosexuality was left dangling without even the original context it had been brought in to support.

The language has now been added and removed twice, so beware of edit warring. Please discuss before restoring it. Largoplazo (talk) 11:41, 29 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mauritius


text:
No symbol

The general prohibition sign, also known informally as the no symbol, 'do not' sign, circle-backslash symbol, nay, interdictory circle, prohibited symbol, don't do it symbol, or universal no, is a red circle with a 45-degree diagonal line inside the circle from upper-left to lower-right. It is typically overlaid on a pictogram to warn that an activity is not permitted, or has accompanying text to describe what is prohibited.

Appearance
According to the ISO standard (and also under a UK Statutory Instrument), the red area must take up at least 35 percent of the total area of the sign within the outer circumference of the "prohibition sign". Under the UK rules the width of a "no symbol" is 80 percent the height of the printed area.

For computer display and printing, the symbol is supported in Unicode by combining elements rather than with individual code points (see below).

Motor vehicle traffic signage
The "prohibition" symbol is used on traffic signs, so that drivers can interpret traffic laws quickly while driving. For example:

 * No Left Turn sign.svg No left turn or MUTCD R3-1.svg No right turn
 * No U Turn sign.svg No U-turn
 * MUTCD R8-3.svg No parking (English) or Mexico road sign SR-22 (2023).svg No estacionarse (Spanish)
 * Japan road sign 302.svg Road closed to vehicles (Japan), Zeichen 250 - Verbot für Fahrzeuge aller Art, StVO 1970.svg Road closed to vehicles (Germany, but typical in Europe)

Non-motor traffic
The symbol's use is not limited to informing drivers of motorized vehicles, and is commonly used for other forms of traffic:
 * Denmark road sign C26.1.svg, Vorschriftszeichen 14a.svg, No horse-riding
 * MUTCD R5-6.svg, France road sign B9b.svg, No bicycles
 * MUTCD R9-3.svg, UK traffic sign 625.1.svg, No pedestrians
 * CA-QC road sign P-140-1.svg,Luxembourg road sign C,13aa.svg, No overtaking

General prohibitions and warnings
The symbol is used for non-traffic purposes to warn or prohibit certain activities:

 * No smoking symbol.svg No smoking (with symbol of a lit cigarette).
 * No littering.svg or Ontario Rc-4.svg No littering (with symbol of person littering or of litter)
 * Badenverbot.svg No swimming (with symbol of swimmer in water underneath)

Packaging and products
It is also used on packages sent through the mail and sealed boxes of merchandise that are sold in stores. Using a graphical symbol is useful to convey important warnings regardless of language. For example:

 * Breakable; do not drop
 * Keep away from magnetic fields

In product documentation, the symbol may be accompanied by drawings of the product being threatened by the prohibited items: for instance, a cartoon of a floppy disk being menaced by horseshoe magnets.

It is also used on clothing, linens, and other household products to indicate the care, treatment or cleaning of the item. For example:

 * Do not iron

Promotional and advertising
Some companies use the "prohibition sign" when describing the services they offer, e.g. an insect deterrent spray brand symbol showing the "prohibition sign" over a mosquito. The Ghostbusters logo is a fictional example of this, although it uses a mirror image of the symbol with the slash going from upper right down to lower left.

International standards
The official prohibition sign design characteristics are governed by regional and international standards. The symbol's canonical definition comes from the International Organization for Standardization which published ISO 3864-1 in 2002, a revision of a standard first published in 1984. The current version was published in 2011.

ISO 3864-1 sets the rules for the color, shape, and dimensions of safety signage. The regulations include the incorporation of text and pictograms, with reference to materials used, sign size, and viewing conditions. The introduction includes language on the need for using as few words as possible to convey information.

Design specifics
The 3864 standard defines the color and design for the prohibition symbol. The verbal definition reads "circle with diagonal bar" with a red safety color, a white contrast color, and black for the graphical symbol (i.e. the pictogram).

Dimensions per 3864-1
The symbol is defined as a circle, with the circular band having a thickness of 10% of the outer diameter of the circle. The inner diagonal line has a thickness of 8% of the outer diameter of the circle (i.e. 80% of the circle's line width). The diagonal is centered in the circle and at a 45-degree angle going from upper left to lower right. It is recommended to have a white outside border that is 2.5% to 5% of the outer diameter of the circle.

The circle and line are red, the background is white, and the pictogram or descriptive text is black.

Color red per 3864-1
The standard defines the range of CIE x,y chromacity coordinates for the color red to be used, relative to the CIE 1931 2° standard observer. They also list equivalent colors for various common color systems such as Munsell, defining red as Munsell 7,5R 4/14.

Relative to CSS colors for the web and sRGB, and assuming a white background of, the red color should be no lighter than  , and no darker than  , with   being a useful choice in terms of good contrast and color.

Non-conforming designs
Despite the fact that the ISO standard is freely available, it is not uncommon for graphic artists to improvise on the particular color and dimensions. As a result, there is a wide variation of the symbol in common use, for instance using a lower-contrast red than specified in the standard or using the same width for the diagonal line as the circle (the standard specifies the diagonal width is 80% as wide as the circle).

For example, compare (a non-conforming example) with  (drawn using the ISO standard).

Alternate or regional design differences
Circles with red borders and no slanted or diagonal line are used under the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals to indicate "No entry to vehicles with the following characteristics" (often defined on a plate beneath) such as height, width, mass, or speed. The European Vienna Convention prohibits a diagonal line in the symbol for any sign other than no turning signs. An alternative use for red bordered circles is as a Mandatory Action Symbol type B.

In many jurisdictions (such as Germany), 'no entry' is indicated by a solid red disc with white horizontal bar. See the general article on Prohibitory traffic signs.

A blue filled circle with an illustration or legend means that a lane is restricted to a particular class of users (such as buses, cyclists, pedestrians) as shown, and no other traffic may use it. In contrast, a blue filled circle without a diagonal line through it is used as a Mandatory Action Symbol, indicating that the activity represented inside the circle is mandatory and must be executed.

Unicode combining character
The Unicode code point for the prohibition sign is. It is a combining character, which means that it appears on top of the character immediately before it.

Example: Putting  will display the letter W inside the prohibition sign: W⃠ (if the user's system handles it correctly, which is not always the case).

Emoji and other unicode versions
There are also several prohibition sign emojis and related unicode characters:

 * (Japanese sign meaning "prohibited")
 * (Japanese sign meaning "prohibited")
 * (Japanese sign meaning "prohibited")
 * (Japanese sign meaning "prohibited")

In fonts
The symbol appears in a number of different fonts, such as Arial Unicode MS, and in dingbat fonts such Webdings and Wingdings 2. These are not necessarily "combining characters." In the case of Webdings and Wingdings 2, the character encoding does not match the Unicode standard, so if these fonts are not present on the user's system, the symbol may not render correctly. This is particularly an issue in webpages. If the page designer wishes to use Webdings for instance, it is important to provide the font resource via the CSS @import font-face command.

Similar-appearing symbols
There are Unicode code points for other glyphs that look very similar to the 'prohibited' symbol, but which may be available in more font repertoires:
 * , which is difficult to distinguish from the 'prohibited' symbol.

Other glyphs exist but are incorrectly oriented, for example

All of these are spacing characters, which means that they cannot readily be used in combination with a symbol for the action to be prohibited.

title: No symbol


text: Talk:Zoran Đinđić

title: Talk:Zoran Đinđić


text:
Cairo Trilogy

The Cairo Trilogy (الثلاثية ath-thulathia ('The Trilogy') or ثلاثية القاهرة thulathia al-Qahra) is a trilogy of novels written by the Egyptian novelist and Nobel Prize winner Naguib Mahfouz, and one of the prime works of his literary career.

The three novels are Palace Walk (بين القصرين, Bayn al-Qasrayn), first Arabic publication 1956; Palace of Desire (قصر الشوق, Qasr al-Shawq), 1957; and Sugar Street (السكرية, Al-Sukkariyya), 1957.

Titles
The three novels' Arabic titles are taken from the names of actual streets in Cairo, the city of Mahfouz's childhood and youth. The first novel, Bayn al-Qasrayn, is named after the medieval Cairo street in the Gamaliya district where the strict socially conservative protagonist, Ahmad 'Abd al-Jawad, and his family live. The second novel, Qasr al-Shawq, is named after the street where his eldest son Yasin and his family live, and the third, Al-Sukkariyya, is named after the street where his daughter Khadijah and her family live.

Narrative
The trilogy follows the life of the Cairene patriarch Al-Sayyid (Mr.) Ahmad 'Abd al-Jawad and his family across three generations, from 1919 – the year of Egyptian Revolution against the British colonizers ruling Egypt – to almost the end of the Second World War in 1944. The three novels represent three eras of Cairene socio-political life, a microcosm of early 20th century Egypt, through the life of one well-off Cairo merchant, his children and his grandchildren.

To Kamal, 'Abd al-Jawad's youngest son, Mahfouz admits that he gives him some features of himself, as they both got a BA in philosophy from what is now the University of Cairo and have problems with profound contradictions they discern between religious principles and the scientific discoveries of the West.

Seen as a child in the first novel, a university student in the second, and a teacher, not married, in the third, Kamal loses his faith in religion, in love, and in traditions and lives in the second and third novels as an outsider in his own society. He keeps searching for meaning of his life until the last scene, in which Kamal's attitude to life changes to the positive as he starts to see himself as 'idealistic' teacher, future husband and revolutionary man.

Mahfouz sees the development of society as an important influence on the role of women. He represents the traditional, obedient women who do not go to school such as Amina, 'Abd al-Jawad's wife, and her daughters in the first novel; women as students in the university such as Aida, Kamal's beloved, in the second novel; and women as students in the university, members of the Marxist party and editors of the journal of the party in the third novel.

Throughout the trilogy, Mahfouz develops his theme: social progress will be the inevitable result of the evolutionary spirit of humankind. Time is the major leitmotif in all three books, and its passage is marked in literal and symbolic ways, from the daily pounding of bread dough in the morning, which serves as an alarm clock for the family, to the hourly calls for prayers that ring out from the minarets of Cairo. In the first novel time moves slowly; this story belongs to Kamal, still a child. The permanence of childhood is pronounced, and the minutes often tick by like hours. And yet inevitable changes occur: sisters get married, babies are born, grandparents die, life goes on. The passage of time quickens in the following book, and doubles yet again in the third. By the time the trilogy concludes whole years seem to fly by to the middle-aged Kamal.

Translations
The Cairo Trilogy was first translated into Hebrew between 1981 and 1987. Mahfouz was very satisfied by this and saw it as another proof that the Israeli-Egyptian peace treaty of 1979 should be supported. The English translation was published by Doubleday in the early 1990s. The translators were:
 * Palace Walk - William M. Hutchins and Olive Kenny
 * Palace of Desire - Hutchins, Olive Kenny and Lorne Kenny
 * Sugar Street - Hutchins, Olive Kenny and Angele Botros Samaan

The translation was overseen by Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, an editor at Doubleday at the time, and Martha Levin.

title: Cairo Trilogy


text:
Ballet for a Girl in Buchannon

"Ballet for a Girl in Buchannon" [sic], also known as "The Ballet" and "Make Me Smile Medley", is a nearly thirteen-minute mini-rock opera/song cycle/suite from Chicago's 1970 album Chicago (also called Chicago II). It was the group's first attempt at a long-format multi-part work.

It was composed by James Pankow, who got the inspiration to write the "Ballet" from his love of long classical music song cycles. According to a May 2018 interview with the Charleston Gazette-Mail, the songs were written in an attempt to win back his ex-fiancee, Terrie Heisler, who was at the time attending West Virginia Wesleyan College in Buckhannon, West Virginia.

"Ballet" takes up most of side two of Chicago and consists of seven tracks, three of which are instrumentals:
 * "Make Me Smile" (Lead vocal by Terry Kath)
 * "So Much to Say, So Much to Give" (Lead vocal by Robert Lamm)
 * "Anxiety's Moment" (Instrumental)
 * "West Virginia Fantasies" (Instrumental)
 * "Colour My World" (Lead vocal by Terry Kath)
 * "To Be Free" (Instrumental)
 * "Now More Than Ever" (Lead vocal by Terry Kath)

The final track, "Now More Than Ever," is a single-verse reprise of the suite's opening song, "Make Me Smile." The vocal songs within the suite can be viewed as telling the story of a man searching for a far away lost love and attempting to rekindle the love they had shared. Two of these songs reached the top ten on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100: a single edit of "Make Me Smile (/Now More Than Ever)" (#9, 1970) and "Colour My World" (#7, 1971).

The instrumental movement "West Virginia Fantasies" incorporates instrumental counterpoint extensively between the horns, guitar, and keyboards, exemplifying Chicago's skill at composing and arranging complex pieces.

The suite was recorded as a single track, titled "The Ballet," on their album Chicago XXVI: Live in Concert in 1999. The version on the 2005 DVD Chicago & Earth, Wind & Fire — Live at the Greek Theatre is called "Make Me Smile Medley," named after the suite's opening song.

title: Ballet for a Girl in Buchannon


text:
Carl Diem

Carl Diem (24 June 1882 – 17 December 1962) was a German sports administrator, and as Secretary General of the Organizing Committee of the Berlin Olympic Games, the chief organizer of the 1936 Olympic Summer Games.

He created the tradition of the Olympic torch relay when he organised the 1936 build-up event, and was an influential historian of sport, particularly the Olympic games.

Biography
Born into an upper-middle-class family, Diem was a middle- and long-distance runner as a teenager - unusual in a country where gymnastic-style athletics was fashionable, rather than what were known as "anglo-saxon" athletics. He showed an early gift for organizing, founding his first athletic club, called Marcomannia, in 1899. As a young man, Diem originally pursued a career in sales, but also began to write articles for sporting newspapers. At the age of twenty, he was hired by the German Sports Authority for Athletics (the Deutsche Sportbehörde für Athletik, or DSBfA), and a year later was elected to its board of directors. Diem was an ardent believer in the heroic Olympian ideal, and in the contributions that international sport could foster harmony between nations. In this regard (and others) he was a fervent disciple of Pierre de Coubertin, the founder of the International Olympic Committee and father of the modern international Olympiad.

In 1906, Diem began his Olympic career, leading the German contingent of athletes to the Athens games (for reasons that are not entirely clear, the German delegation entered the stadium first in the parade of athletes). In 1909, the games for the summer of 1912 were awarded to Stockholm, but the IOC made it clear that Diem and his fellow organizers could expect to hold the 1916 games in Berlin. In 1912 he initiated the award of the German Sports Badge, following the example of a Swedish award encountered during the Stockholm Olympics.

Diem threw himself into preparations for the 1916 games. His principal partner in this and most of his Olympic endeavors was Theodor Lewald, who was for many years chairman of the German Olympic Committee. In the summer of 1914, Diem and Lewald were planning their spectacular 1916 Olympiad when World War I erupted, and the Berlin games were subsequently cancelled. Diem enlisted in the German army and served in Belgium and France. He was wounded at Saint-Quentin, recovered, and fought at both Champagne and the Argonne.

After the war, Olympic officials penalized Germany by excluding them from the 1920 and 1924 games. Diem and Lewald, who had returned to their sports-organizing duties, lobbied successfully to win permission for a German team to compete in the 1928 games in Amsterdam. With support from the state, Diem also founded the Deutsche Hochschule für Leibesübungen, a school dedicated to the study of the science of sport. He was a great admirer of American athletic programs, and in 1929 toured the US for five weeks with Lewald. During this trip he formed a friendship with Avery Brundage, an American Olympic official who would play a major role in the controversy over the 1936 Olympics (and in Olympic history for decades to come). In 1938, Diem was elected as a Corresponding Fellow in the prestigious American Academy of Physical Education (now known as the National Academy of Kinesiology). In 1955, his wife, Liselott Diem, was also elected into the Academy as a Corresponding Fellow.

Olympics in Berlin
Carl Diem became the secretary of the all-German sports organization Deutscher Reichsausschuss für Leibesübungen (DRL), the forerunner of the Nationalsozialistischer Reichsbund für Leibesübungen (NSRL), the Sports Organ of the Third Reich.

In April 1931, again largely due to the reputation and lobbying efforts of Diem and Lewald, Berlin was selected to host the 1936 summer games, and Diem was named Secretary General of the Organizing Committee. He attended the 1932 games in Los Angeles, carefully observing the host city's preparations and facilities, committed to meeting or outdoing the American accomplishment in Berlin four years later.

Dr. Theodor Lewald, Diem's boss as President of the Olympic Committee and IOC Member, set up an Organizing Committee for the Olympic games, five days before the elections that resulted in Hitler being elected the new chancellor. The rise of Adolf Hitler to power in 1933 once again threatened Diem's dream of a Berlin Olympiad: Nazism did not embrace international sport, and Hitler himself had dismissed the Olympics as a project of "Jews and Freemasons."

Five days after the swearing-in of the new Ministers, Theodor Lewald had an appointment with Joseph Goebbels, the new Minister of Propaganda. Lewald, a former Under-secretary of state was well connected inside the whole administration and able to get an appointment. He convinced Goebbels that this was a once in a lifetime propaganda opportunity. Goebbels convinced Hitler, who informed Diem and Lewald that he would support the Games. Six months later, after touring the construction sites for the sporting arenas, he told Diem that the German state would pay the bills.

Instead of a balanced budget, which Diem had proposed in late 1932, new sporting facilities were built, the underground train extended to the stadium site. The amount of money provided by the government was about twenty times higher than the original budget. Diem used the opportunity to quadruple his own salary.

The Nazis embraced the Olympic Games not only because they promised to be a unique opportunity to extol the virtues of their "reborn" state; as a celebration of physical prowess, the games also dovetailed neatly with the Nazi idealization of youth, fitness and athleticism. Further, according to Nazi racial theories, their own Aryan "superiorities" were descended from the great achievements of ancient Greece.

Despite the official Nazi support for the games, Diem's position as organizer was at risk, mostly because his Hochschule employed Jewish teachers and because Diem's wife, Liselott, came from a Jewish family. He himself was classified, for these reasons, as a "white Jew", but even so, Diem managed to hold on to his job and solidify his position with his Nazi patrons. His boss Theodor Lewald, who had given up his post as President of the German Sports Body in 1933 before the Nazis could remove him, clung to the newly created position of President of the Organizing Committee. (Lewald's father was a prominent lawyer who was Jewish. Lewald had to arrange himself with Hans von Tschammer und Osten, the new President of the National Olympic Committee, but even more so with Interior Minister Wilhelm Frick (whose Ministry had been in charge of elite sport since 1914.)

American IOC Member Gen. Charles Sherrill had a one-hour interview with Hitler in which Sherrill not only asked Hitler for an autograph, but demanded the participation of at least one token Jew on the German teams for the Winter and Summer Games – or the Games would be cancelled. Hitler strongly rejected this "friendly" advice, shouting that if the worst came to the worst, the Olympic games would be staged for Germans only. The Nazi establishment went out of their way to assure the world that "non-Aryan" participants were being allowed to compete – and kept Jewish Olympic hopefuls in national training camps.

The American Olympic Association remained sceptical about the Nazis' openness to non-Aryan competitors, and a movement to boycott the Berlin games began to gather steam among U.S. Olympic officials. Diem's old friend Avery Brundage, president of the American Olympic Committee, was dispatched to appraise the facts; in Berlin, Diem convinced Brundage that Jews were not being excluded, though he likely knew otherwise. Brundage returned to the U.S. and, defeating the boycott's supporters, helped to ensure that a full American athletic delegation would attend the games in Berlin. With the first edition of the Nuremberg Laws (September 1935), excluding Jews from public life, "Half-Jews" (no more than two of the four grandparents racially of Jewish descent) were still permitted in public life but not in the civil service. This gave Lewald the opportunity to preside over the Opening Ceremony next to Hitler, allowed Rudi Ball to play hockey in the Winter games, and permitted Helene Mayer to fence (and win a silver medal) in the Summer Games. Jewish Germans were, however, excluded.

Diem held high posts in the Third Reich's sports organization even after the Olympics, becoming the leader of the Foreign Department of the National Socialist Sports Office (the aforementioned NSRL) in 1939. As such he was responsible for the management of German athletes in foreign countries, as well as for the international affairs of the NSRL. With his good relations with the IOC, Diem succeeded in having the 1940 Winter Olympics scheduled for Garmisch-Partenkirchen, despite the fact that the previous Winter Olympics had been held there, and that Germany had already invaded Czechoslovakia at the time the decision was made. The 1940 Winter Olympics were cancelled following Germany's invasion of Poland.

Torch Relay
There is a controversy as to who invented the Olympic torch relay. According to the "Official Report", a Mr Haeggert, administrator of the Propaganda Minister on the Propaganda Committee of the Summer Games, invented the propaganda stunt to raise public awareness in the last weeks prior to the games, and Diem was merely told to work out the details. On the other hand, Diem himself claimed that it was his idea all along. On a visit to Greece for an Olympic conference in 1934, Diem and Lewald imagined a new symbolic pageant that would cloak the German games with the ancient Greek mantle: the transit of a lit Olympic flame from Greece to Berlin by a relay of torch-bearing runners. While the relay is sometimes believed to be an ancient tradition, it was in fact the wholly modern creation of Lewald and Diem; the ancient games included a ritual flame commemorating the theft of fire from the gods by Prometheus, but not a torch relay. Diem had been organizing long-distance road relays ever since 1910.

On 30 June 1936, the first torch-flame was kindled in Olympia, Greece, in the ruins of the Temple of Hera, by 15 robed "virgins," using a concave mirror focusing the sun's rays, all under the supervision of a "high priestess." It was carried to the Acropolis in Athens for a special invocation, and then relayed along the 3,422-kilometer distance to the Olympic stadium in Berlin by an equal number of young Aryan-looking runners, each of whom took the flame a single kilometer.

On its way, the flame passed through Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Austria and Czechoslovakia; those countries, and Greece itself, would all be under Nazi domination within ten years. The event was filmed by Hitler's favorite director, Leni Riefenstahl, and branded with the giants of German industry: the lighting-mirrors were made by the Zeiss corporation, and the torches themselves, fueled with magnesium to prevent them from going out in bad weather, were constructed by Krupp, the huge steel and munitions conglomerate that armed Germany for both world wars.

The final leg of the relay was completed on 1 August by Fritz Schilgen, a German electrical engineer and national champion runner, who ran into the stadium and lit the Olympic cauldron to open the games. Schilgen was not actually competing; he was selected by officials, including Riefenstahl, for the grace and aesthetic appeal of his running style. Diem was in Hitler's party as the Fuehrer presided over the ceremony; when Hitler strode across the stadium to his official box, a five-year-old girl presented him with a bouquet of flowers. The child was Diem's daughter, Gudrun.

The tradition of a torch relay from Greece to the host country of the Olympic games has been continued at every Olympiad since then. Even the ritual kindling of the flame with a mirror on the grounds of the Temple of Hera remains virtually intact as the official method of starting the relay.

Legacy
In March 1945, as the Red Army was closing in on Berlin in the final weeks of the Second World War, Diem staged another event in the city's Olympic stadium. Addressing a rally of thousands of teenage Hitler Youth, Diem exhorted them to defend the capital to the death, in the spirit of the ancient Spartans. Some two thousand of the young men assembled there did exactly that, sacrificing themselves before Berlin finally fell in May.

After the conclusion of the war, Diem was quickly rehabilitated into the mainstream of the newly democratic Federal Republic of Germany. He was acting Director of the Berlin University Physical Education Department. When Bernhard Zimmermann, who had emigrated to Scotland in 1938, declined to become the Rector of a new National Sport College in the British Zone (Cologne), Diem received the job. He returned to his career as a historian of German sport and the Olympic games. In 1960, he published an authoritative general history of sport. At his death in 1962 in Cologne, he was once again a respected national figure. The Carl Diem Institute at the German Sports University was created in his honor, and run by his wife, Liselott, until 1989. After her death in 1992, the institute was renamed the Carl and Liselott Diem Archive. Diem remains the most influential historian of sports in Germany.

The full nature of Diem's relations with the Nazi apparatus is complex. His career in national sport preceded the Nazi regime by decades, and he was appointed to organize the 1936 games years before Hitler decided to put his own indelible mark on the Berlin competition. But like many career professionals who chose to accept Nazi patronage, Diem's legacy was irreversibly tarnished by proximity to his masters. His earlier writings did occasionally embrace popular ideas about racial superiority; he clung to his prominent national positions during the Nazi period, and he took part in war propaganda, including the Berlin rally near the war's end. Richard Mandell, author of the 1971 book The Nazi Olympics, was critical of Diem; in a reprint of the book, he defended his position, writing: "Recently, some careful German researchers have uncovered documents showing that Carl Diem's complicity with the Nazis went beyond his confessed use of them to promote sport. With his Nazi connections he settled brutally some old scores, and he stayed with the Nazis on ideological grounds long after their savagery was exposed and after their coming defeat was apparent to all." And yet even Mandell did not dispute that Diem was "the greatest sports historian and most profound theorist of sport education" of the 20th century.

During Diem's final years, there was open controversy about his Nazi connections. For example, in 1954 the French ministry of Education postponed a display of gymnastics before a delegation headed by Diem (then head of the Sportschule at Cologne), after students claimed that Diem had been a "Nazi general." Two days later, the students recanted, and admitted that there was no "formal proof" of the allegation. In the 1990s, a public debate erupted in Germany over his legacy, and whether streets named in his honor should be renamed because of the taint of the Nazi years. In 1948, when Diem attempted to become an IOC Member (Lewald had died in 1947), the IOC rejected him. By the IOC standards of the time he was not considered a "gentleman"; he had worked only for hire and never in an honorary function.

title: Carl Diem


text:
Talk:St. Francis Dam

Collapse and flood wave
Subject could not have called a California Highway Patrol officer (CHP), as they were not formed until August, 19293 67.0.67.40 (talk) 01:38, 4 May 2022 (UTC)

I found some sources so I changed it to "Motorcycle Officer with the State Motor Division." They claim this was a precursor to the CHP. Maybe someone can find better sources. Fettlemap (talk) 04:00, 4 May 2022 (UTC)

Dynamite
In the "Sabotage" section, the first paragraph says the dam was dynamited several times, and the second paragraph says there was one dynamite threat and fortunately the dam was never dynamited. Which is it? Tempshill 05:25, 12 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * The dam was never dynamited while in use. There was one threat to dynamite the dam.  On the first paragraph in the Sabotage section, please read again - the Los Angeles Aqueduct was dynamited in 1927, not St. Francis Dam.  I've revised Prelude to failure to reflect that dynamiting was done for the new road on the east side, not to make or improve the dam itself.  Hope I've been helpful.  Any questions, please ask me at my talk page.  Thanks!  --avnative 21:24, Sep 2, 2004 (UTC)

Geology
Geology was most certainly not a new science in 1928, it was already very old when Agricola published De Re Metallica in 1556. User:Herdrick Sep 29, 2004.

 * The text doesn't say the science of geology was new, just that it was not as advanced as it is today, which is certainly plausible. Moreover, this really concerns geologic engineering, which is a distinct though related discipline.  I'd like to see much more detail here.  Unfortunately, my county library doesn't have any of the cited books.  (I think that with some work this article could be a featured article.)  --Kbh3rd 14:16, 30 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Right, it doesn't say that now because I fixed it. I guess I should've just fixed it and not commented.  Be Bold and all that.  User:Herdrick Jan 27, 2005.

 * The book by the Mulholland daughter is supposed to be great - I've only read the reviews. Regarding developing into a Featured Article: The story of the motorcycle cop is quite compelling. And the Mulholland story could be developed slightly - his admission of guilt and retirement in disgrace. I bet there's a few more PD pictures we could add, and a map of the drainage. Yes, this could be a great little article. -Willmcw 09:01, 27 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Musical reference
FWIW Frank Black has a song titled the st. francis dam disaster which chronicles the events.

Failure
On the failiure section, is there such a thing as a, "Paleomegalandslide"? I think its a typo, just makin' sure- The Mischief Man 11-1-05

 * Good question. Anytime I see something like that I wonder too. I did a Google search and found this article, dated 2001, which uses the term. . So if it's a neologism, at least we're not responsible for making it up. Seeing as it is a redlink, we might go put in a request for an article. In fact, I just did so here: Requested articles/Natural Sciences -Willmcw 02:07, 2 November 2005 (UTC)

Copyright?
While searching for the term paleomegalandslide, I came across this page, which seems to be exactly the same: 205.208.239.153 23:16, 8 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes, it is the same. It even says so: "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." It is one of the mirrors. Part of being a free encyclopedia is that we allow anyone to copy our info, so long as they give credit. Thanks for caring. Cheers, -Will Beback 23:30, 8 February 2006 (UTC)
 * I see. I will revert what has been changed.  I missed the "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." line below the title. 205.208.239.153 03:28, 9 February 2006 (UTC)

Map
Hello. I like this article. I wonder if we can find a map of the dam site and the flooded area. I'm not familiar enough with LA geography to know where are all the places mentioned. Keep up the good work, Wile E. Heresiarch 02:44, 3 April 2006 (UTC)

 * It should be easy enough to find or produce a PD map of the site and the area. I might do that, though I may not have the time for a week or two.  I've seen somewhere on the Internet (maybe by following those links in the article?) some engineering maps that show the extent of the flooded area.  Those would not be available for use in Wikipedia unless they're by a government that places its work into the public domain by statute, such as the federal U.S. government.  (I don't know about California's government.)  Note also that work for a government by an outside contractor, rather than by the government, is not necessarily in the public domain.  --Kbh3rd talk  20:37, 3 April 2006 (UTC)

In the article about William Mulholland Wikipedia states that 450 was the final count of those who died. In this article, 600 is noted. Hmmm?

"Paleomegalandslide"?
The word "paleomegalandslide" found in this section of the article sounds like something someone made up in school one day. Can anyone confirm the existence of this word? Thanks, 69.108.97.121 (talk) 17:21, 18 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Probably half of the scientific and technical words we use were made up. For a reference on this one, see, quoting "Man Made Disaster at an Old Landslide Dam Site: A Day in the Field with Thomas Dibblee and J. David Rogers, St. Francis Dam area, May 17, 1997." Rogers is presumably this geologist: . It all looks proper. ·:· Will Beback  ·:· 19:36, 18 April 2008 (UTC)

I searched for the word and found that this word is used only in relation to this dam disaster. It should be a made up word. It is also a meaningless word in this context. Paleo-old/ancient what can ancient megalandslide do in a dam? — Preceding unsigned comment added by DrHaroonAshraf (talk • contribs) 18:38, 29 November 2011 (UTC)

 * A word which appears in Rock mechanics: proceedings of the 35th U.S. Symposium is clearly a legitimate scientific word, describing a situation quite relevant to the dam's failure. Beyond My Ken (talk) 01:11, 30 November 2011 (UTC)

Death toll?
The intro to this article states without references that more than 600 people died in this disaster....it needs a citation or it should be deleted

This reference "Remembering the St. Francis Dam - 80 Years Later" states it was 450 with 42 children killed...as noted in the William Mulholland article.

The top of the article has the ref tag but what this page really needs is a motivated editor to remove what is unverifiable, contradictory or wrong. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.130.123.118 (talk) 19:50, 29 July 2009 (UTC)

 * In a recent documentary, mention was made of the lack of verified casualties of the dam failure. The chief reasons given were the number of (undocumented?) migrant workers who were in the area subjected to the effects of the failure, and the failure to locate many of the casualties.  It suggested that the total number of people who lost their lives was more than a thousand, and likely very much higher.  Despite a great deal of research since then, and efforts made to locate missing people, it's likely that the exact total will never be known because of the floodwaters and what they carried from the dam as far as the ocean. 2600:1700:EA01:1090:84DD:E037:4818:5300 (talk) 06:01, 4 May 2022 (UTC)

Shouldn't this be the third-largest loss of life in California history? The Great Flood of 1862 is believed to have killed about 4,000 Californians. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 12.40.109.170 (talk) 21:30, 12 August 2022 (UTC)

Incomplete section
The Investigation of the failure section ends with: "With most of the basic questions as to the cause seemingly answered, the experts turned their attention toward speculating on the sequence of events as the dam failed with its reservoir filled. This turned out to be another area were they had handicapped themselves without the important information which would later be brought to light at the Coroner's Inquest." This naturally raises the question of what was wrong with their speculation that the inquest later corrected, which is unanswered. — howcheng  {chat} 16:23, 11 March 2013 (UTC) _______________________________________________________________

You are correct and thank you for pointing that out, I will remove that. Imveracious (talk) 20:23, 13 March 2013 (UTC)

Removal of unsupported material added to sourced content
In the section Planning and design, the paragraph as written at present [The surprising part of this early geologic exploration is that Mulholland either misjudged or ignored the perilous nature of the schist on the eastern side of the canyon and the crumbliness of the reddish sandstone conglomerate on the western side. Not that he was not well aware of it, as he wrote of its treacherous characteristics in his report to the Board of Public Works in 1911] contains unsupported content. This content being, "and the crumbliness of the reddish sandstone conglomerate on the western side." This was added after the paragraph was placed and referenced. Although the editor provided a citation, the supporting section of that citation is what he has written as a note in the References. Nowhere is a mention of this "crumbliness of the reddish sandstone conglomerate on the western side" there or is any be found on the page number which is written. I propose that either a citation which supports the addition be added or removal of the unsupported material and non-supporting citation. Imveracious (talk) 16:13, 13 October 2013 (UTC)
 * The editor above wishes to WP:OWN this article, and regularly removes content that he has not added. The source of the material I add, the book Water and Power, is a standard work on the history of the LA Department of Water and Power, and is an extremely reliable source.  The supporting material is directly quoted in the citation, and shows that it is correctly placed and integrated into the section. Beyond My Ken (talk) 16:19, 13 October 2013 (UTC)

 * While it may be a reliable resource elsewhere, where is there any mention of "and the crumbliness of the reddish sandstone conglomerate on the western side? Imveracious (talk) 16:36, 13 October 2013 (UTC)

 * Please indent your comments - you've been around long enough to know that. The material stands on its own as sourced by two reliable sources. Beyond My Ken (talk) 16:46, 13 October 2013 (UTC)

 * Please leave your false accusations, condescending attitude and remarks off the talk page. Simply because you have a 'reliable source' is not enough. It does not address the statement of a FACT to which you attribute it. Imveracious (talk) 17:08, 13 October 2013 (UTC)

I'm looking at that page and it says what you wrote in notes but I don't see anything about the redish sandstone or west side. Maybe it's on a different page? Shyncat (talk) 18:18, 13 October 2013 (UTC)
 * The source I added said that the redstone was crumbly. It was the source that Imveracious added that said that the redstone was on the west side.  This is why that statement is cited to both sources. Beyond My Ken (talk) 18:54, 13 October 2013 (UTC)
 * You've got me confused you took 2 statemnts and made 1 out of it or? I can tell you for sure I don't see anything about crumbly rock or redstone on the page and I'm looking at it right now. I even looked at the notes on the page where it says 1911 and that says to see a report. Shyncat (talk) 19:30, 13 October 2013 (UTC)
 * Well, it appears that I was confused as well, and that I was mistaken about the crumbliness of the redstone conglomerate being part of the quote from Water and Power. My apologies to Imveracious.  I am going into the article now to correct my error and move the W&P information to its proper place. Beyond My Ken (talk) 20:15, 13 October 2013 (UTC)
 * It's ok, it happens to all of us every so often. Thank You Shyncat (talk) 20:25, 13 October 2013 (UTC)

Moonrise on March 12, 1928 was when dam failed
My following observation may not add anything of great scientific value to the article, but the coincidence IS interesting to ponder. Tides are caused by the moon's gravitational pull on the earth, and "earth tides", as opposed to ocean tides, are a known phenomenon associated with earthquakes and other localized disturbances of the earth, such as landslides. According to the United States Naval Observatory website for determining sun and moon data http://aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/RS_OneDay.php the time of moonrise on March 12, 1928 at Newhall, California, is given as 11:59 PM, more or less the same time as the estimated dam failure. The maximum gravitational pull exerted by the moon at that exact location occurred five hours later at 5:07 AM (the time of moon transit), but if an earth tide contributed to when the dam failed, that failure happening at moonrise may not be a coincidence. Linstrum (talk) 03:11, 15 February 2014 (UTC)

Two motorcycle police officers who awakened those in harm's way
There is a memorial in Santa Paula, California, to the two motorcycle police officers who gave the alarm that the floodwaters from the failed Saint Francis Dam were coming. California State Highway Department police officer Thornton Edwards and Santa Paula City police officer Stanley Baker saved hundreds of lives by giving the early morning alarm to awaken those who were in the path of the approaching flood. I have several jpg format photos of the memorial sculpture I personally took if anyone wants to add a section about what they did to save lives. Linstrum (talk) 03:58, 15 February 2014 (UTC)
 * They are mentioned in the paragraph which begins with-"Santa Clara River Valley telephone operator Louise Gipe---" You could upload the pictures to Wiki Commons St. Francis Dam

Thanks Imveracious (talk) 15:59, 15 February 2014 (UTC)

St. Francis Dam
Not sure why this section was in the article; though the aqueduct is certainly related to Owens Valley, what bearing does the Owens Valley economic collapse have on the St. Francis Dam? --jpgordon:==( o ) 15:15, 16 June 2014 (UTC)
 * OK, stuck the stuff about the Owens Valley economic collapse back into the article. What does that have to do with the St. Francis Dam (some 150 miles away) other than it's on the same aqueduct? --jpgordon:==( o ) 17:03, 16 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Not all of it but what I did ties in the information before, why the dynamiting stopped and acts as a lead to the next section about the dam as the reservoir level rose again "although not without incident." As it was the section seemed flat and lost the continuity that it had. Shyncat (talk) 17:36, 16 June 2014 (UTC)
 * Yeah...perhaps just the first and last paragraphs are needed there, since the details of the Inyo County Bank connection are well spelled out in California Water Wars. --jpgordon:==( o ) 18:31, 16 June 2014 (UTC)

Grunsky NPOV issue
The last paragraph of the "Investigation of the failure" section, beginning with "As insightful and informative as was their investigation..." has some serious problems. Besides being poorly written and difficult to understand, it is giving opinions about Grunsky's investigation in Wikipedia's voice. If this is indeed the accepted opinion that is one thing, but usually this sort of thing is attributed in article otherwise it is a breach of WP:NPOV. This also does not really seem to belong in this section, it is more concerned with "Analysis" under which section Grunsky's report is already discussed. I suggest the material should be merged in there. SpinningSpark 17:39, 11 November 2014 (UTC)
 * I do not believe it to be NPOV, it is there so as to serve as a comparison in keeping with that it was a differing opinion of the time. Imveracious (talk) 18:42, 11 November 2014 (UTC)
 * It isn't neutral because you have not just stated Grunsky's differing opinion, you have also given a critique of Grunsky's report as if that is Wikipedia's opinion. It should be worded like "modern expert X believes Grunsky's claim Y is wrong because of Z" or something along those lines.  We should not be saying ourselves that Grunsky was wrong. Grunsky's report belongs in this section, but any modern critique of Grunsky belongs in the Analysis section. SpinningSpark 19:14, 11 November 2014 (UTC)
 * What is written is neither my opinions or a critique, this entire matter is contained within the reference given. Thanks Imveracious (talk) 19:38, 11 November 2014 (UTC)
 * Of course it is a critique. Comments like "their theory...becomes much less probable" and "It is also questionable..." are passing comment on Grunsky, not just presenting his views, thus it is a critique.  It is the presentation of this in Wikipedia's voice as if it were undisputed fact that is the problem here, not so much that it is in the article per se. SpinningSpark 21:32, 11 November 2014 (UTC)

Should the following paragraph be allowed to remain in the article to serve as a fair comparison or should it be deleted as POV in Wikipedia's voice. SpinningSpark 16:56, 17 November 2014 (UTC)

 * "Although this investigation was insightful and informative the theory, as do others which hypothesized an appreciably increasing amount of seepage just prior to the failure, becomes less likely when it is compared against the eyewitness accounts of the conditions in the canyon and near the dam during the last thirty minutes before its collapse. Added to this as Grunsky hypothesized, though failed to explain, is the action of the dam tilting as he described. This action would have the dam in motion as a singular unit while conversely, testimony given at the Coroner's Inquest indicates that the dam was fractured transversely in at least four places. Furthermore the two cracks, which bordered each side of the standing center section, would have served as hinges to prevent this."

 * Remove. The opinions given here are taken from the book of the author Outland but are given in Wikipedia's voice without establishing that this is the generally accepted view. Further, they are inappropriately in the section on the contemporary investigation whereas Outland is a modern author.  Outland's views are already discussed in the analysis section and are there properly attributed to him so we don't need this as well. SpinningSpark 16:56, 17 November 2014 (UTC)

 * Retain It adds to the balance of the section and helps to clarify the differing ideas. Niki Goss (talk) 20:31, 17 November 2014 (UTC)

 * Retain This is the accepted view and this is not already discussed in the Analysis section. Outland's views mentioned only concern a possible eastern abutment failure scenario Imveracious (talk) 22:41, 17 November 2014 (UTC)

 * Retain It could use some rewriting to sound less like OR, but it shouldn't be removed. Chris Troutman  ( talk ) 01:58, 18 November 2014 (UTC)

 * Retain I don't find any problems with it or any need to remove it. Shyncat (talk) 15:40, 18 November 2014 (UTC)

 * Retain but cite the sources... 'according to the coroner' and at the very least "...though failed to explain according to Outland". I do see how it seems like OR in its current form. Overall, the section adds balance.--NortyNort (Holla) 21:14, 18 November 2014 (UTC)

 * Retain. The bot sent me. Keep the material, but rewrite it to cite the sources, as Norty suggests. "According to witness accounts. . ." and "According to the coroner. . ." etc. In this way it's the sources doing the talking and alleviates any suggestion of OR. SW3 5DL (talk) 19:16, 25 November 2014 (UTC)
 * Remove. I dunno whether it is due weight, but it at least needs to be rewritten to avoid the original research.  Insightful and informative?  That's completely unwarranted editorializing.  In fact, I'd probably just remove it.  If someone wants to write a version that complies with Wikipedia's policies, then they can attempt to do so.  The current version is unacceptable. NinjaRobotPirate (talk) 00:19, 30 November 2014 (UTC)

 * Retain I don't see how it seems like OR in it's current form but a little rework maybe. Overall, I think the section adds balance. DavidCarson73 (talk) 16:30, 30 November 2014 (UTC)
 * Comment. Here's the issue I've got, I would happily rework the material myself if I had access to the source, but I don't, so I have no way of knowing if that is what Outland truly said. This dispute began with me just tagging the problematic passage, but the tag was edit warred out.  If the user won't even accept a tag, they are not likely to accept reworking in any case, which is why I am calling for it to be removed (at least in its present form). SpinningSpark 17:33, 1 December 2014 (UTC)

 * Comment The problem is as user Spinningspark wrote, though properly cited from the beginning, this user can not/will not take the time to find the reference and read it for himself. This would end this in a flash if this person would just take the time to do so. In not having this reference to properly access what an editor has written and attributed such to, for myself, I believe the the best thing would have been to do nothing until I did. How can anyone challenge what they themselves do not know? Spinningspark, your tag was "According to whom" ; one editor removed it, leaving a comment. You undid that edit, I tried to rewrite it and you then removed the entire paragraph, including the citation and changed your objection to "POV in Wikipedia's voice." There is no OR here or any other voice than that of the referenced material. I, as many, have the book and have read it and believe that the paragraph reflects well what the author has written. I have no problem with improvement of what is stated though you have asked for a consensus for it to be removed, I believe you see the results.  Imveracious (talk) 16:42, 2 December 2014 (UTC)

 * Retain and rewrite I believe that the text is necessary but it can be rewritten with less biased and opinionated language. -_Rsrikanth05 (talk) 07:12, 12 December 2014 (UTC)

Soucre
Here is a new source for the article: Human Factors in Dam Failures by Ifab A. Alvi. Mattise135 (talk) 16:16, 31 May 2017 (UTC)

Anonymous account reverting others' edits
There is an anonymous account that is getting logged as only IP addresses that seems to be reverting many additions to this article. Please, if you are going to remove the work others put into this article, have the courtesy to create an account so a discussion can be had on the content you are removing. Epolk (talk) 09:16, 8 September 2017 (UTC)

precision
Why does someone think we need to convert the precise-to-one-signficant-figure number of 10,000 tons, to the far too precise 9,071,847 kg? --jpgordon𝄢𝄆 𝄐𝄇 20:12, 18 November 2017 (UTC)
 * No need to press the point, your edit summary was enough to convince me. Beyond My Ken (talk) 20:33, 18 November 2017 (UTC)
 * The generic problem is broader, though -- we do have a lot of automated conversions from imprecise approximations to overly precise conversions. This one just seemed sillier than most. --jpgordon𝄢𝄆 𝄐𝄇
 * No disagreement here, once you pointed it out to me. Beyond My Ken (talk) 22:39, 18 November 2017 (UTC)

Units: liters and cubic meters
With the metric system prefixes are used to reduce "the length of numbers". Using prefixes also makes numbers easier to read. Liters most often don't follow this rule as liters are seldom expressed with a prefix. Liters are most often expressed as cubic meters for larger numbers. Beyond My Ken reverted an edit and asked for my reasons - I hope my (very late) reply clears the fog from this issue. Baerentp (talk) 19:15, 06 June 2018 (UTC)

Please define visual balance
There are no other images in the sections surrounding the images inconsistent with MOS:IM. Simply being a guideline is not a reason to ignore it. No guideline suggests whatever you're implying by "visual balance". Conforming with the direction to have images below the second-level header within the relevant section would be visual balance. No text is being sandwiched between images. There is no excess of images on either the left or right sides or sitting on top of each other. Reywas92Talk 00:21, 19 February 2019 (UTC)

the speed of the flood wave
Under the heading "Collapse and flood wave", and beginning with the 6th paragraph, some strange claims are made about the speed of the wave. "Five minutes after the collapse, the then 120-foot-high (37 m) flood wave had traveled one and one-half miles (2.4 km) at an average speed of 18 miles per hour (29 km/h)...The flood entered the Santa Clarita valley at 12 mph (19 km/h)...The flood heavily damaged the towns of Fillmore, Bardsdale, and Santa Paula, before emptying both victims and debris into the Pacific Ocean 54 miles (87 km) downstream south of Ventura at what is now the West Montalvo Oil Field around 5:30 a.m., at which point the wave was almost two miles (3 km) wide and still traveling at 6mph (9.7 km/h)." (emphases added) These figures seem to defy physics, as a wave 120 feet tall could not move at the exceptionally slow pace of 18 mph (approximately the speed of a bicyclist in the city), much less at 12 or even 6 mph. No sources are cited for these specific statements. The Draupner wave, for example, was estimated to be 85 feet (26 m) above calm water level, and traveling at 45 mph (72 kph). From a little research into typical speeds of surfing waves in the 40-50 foot high range, it seems that 35-40 mph is typical. A wave more than twice as tall as that, could not travel slowly, as gravity would pull the crest down and flatten it, resulting in a swell rather than a wave. And when one considers the facts that the wave from the St. Francis Dam was moving downhill, in a channel, with millions of gallons of pent-up water behind it, it's an easy inference that it must be traveling much faster than 18 mph. Can anyone find accurate speeds for this wave, or explain how it could possibly be moving at a slow jog (6 mph)? Bricology (talk) 07:38, 30 December 2020 (UTC)

 * As to the timing and speed of the flood wave, much is in time and distance known of the travel and arrival times. No, they do not defy physics anymore so than the collapse itself. Much is still in question. I would not use the "Rouge wave" as an example given what it is known of hydraulics, especially in light of the phenomenon known as a "hydraulic jump" as well as the typography within the canyon. I will be happy to expand on this subject if you wish.Imveracity (talk) 01:04, 30 October 2022 (UTC)

Another Musical Reference
Musician Tim Griffin won the 2019 Pegasus Award for Best Song with the song "Lucy On The Line" about the Santa Clara River Valley telephone operators who called the homes of those in the path of the flood to warn them of the danger73.71.158.239 (talk) 22:15, 19 October 2021 (UTC)

Analysis
No original research on this -popularized- scenario has been performed since it's postulation by Dr. Willis. If we were to take the preponderance of informed -possibilities- than we would have to write it was -believed- to have began with a West abutment first failure given the number of prominent engineers and geologists who subscribed to this. Given, as is known, there were no eyewitnesses to the collapse, however it began, all theories are a best no more than a guess. To -speculate- is far more correctly descriptive. Imveracity (talk) 01:38, 8 November 2022 (UTC)
 * A belief which is the result of no information is speculation. A belief which is the result of analysis is just that, a belief, not a speculation. The article does not say with any positivity what happened, just what is believed to have happened. That belief could -- of course -- be incorrect, but it is nevertheless what is believed, as you concede. Beyond My Ken (talk) 02:32, 8 November 2022 (UTC)
 * The definition of -believed- is to -accept as true; feel sure of the truth of something- and as this section is written does lead the casual reader to this conclusion. You and I may distinguish the difference although, as an editor, the reader need be considered. You bring up -analysis- but we have little and worse yet only by one person. May we consider something which is mutually acceptable yet is more understandable to the reader that this is 'not' fact? Thanks, Imveracity (talk) 03:34, 8 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Absolutely. Any ideas?  "Popularly believed"? Something along that line? Beyond My Ken (talk) 03:48, 8 November 2022 (UTC)
 * One problem with going in this direction is that the more specific we get, the more it becomes necessary to have a RS to support it. Beyond My Ken (talk) 03:50, 8 November 2022 (UTC)
 * -At present, the popular hypothesis is that collapse may have begun with the eastern abutment of the dam giving way, possibly due to a landslide.- I believe that this would convey the idea in the most appropriate form. How do you feel towards this sir? Thanks, Imveracity (talk) 03:37, 17 November 2022 (UTC)
 * That works for me. Beyond My Ken (talk) 04:03, 17 November 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:St. Francis Dam


text:
Talk:Moscow Peace Treaty

Old talk
Abolisj Finalands' democracy - this ia POV statement.In fact to conquer all Finland captures it.If you really want to put it, you may try, abolish Finland's socialist government. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Drgarga (talk • contribs) 22:01, 12 March 2006 (UTC)
 * But unfortunately that wouldn't be factual: Neither Kallio (agrarian), Cajander (moderate right) or Ryti (liberal) were socialist. It was up to the end of January Soviet intention to replace Finland's democratically elected government with Soviet installed puppet government (Terijoki government).--Whiskey 22:29, 12 March 2006 (UTC)

You can't revert perfectly valid information in favor of less information and a POV statement like "abolish Finland's democracy". Add back what you removed in your own way, or I'll revert it back myself. Everyking 19:36, 12 Mar 2004 (UTC)

But, but, but... That's what I'm doing.

Remember, this is the article about the Peace Treaty and the steps toward that. Perfectly valid information may not be as relevant.

The important first step was when Stalin gave up the idea of overtrowing the system of government. He was clearly not at all confident with Socialists in charge of government, which showed many times both before and after. Many times the Soviet Union actually favored non-Socialsts for Socialists when interfering in Finland's political struggles.

The Terijoki puppet government doesn't belong in this article, but in the Winter War article. As long as Stalin held on to the Terijoki government, there was no need for peace negotiations. Its continued existence after Stalin's peace offer was pointless and irrelevant.

It's also clearly disputable if "turning Finland into a Soviet Republic" was any important aim, and in particular if that kind of ambitions were connected to reasons for the war or the peace.

Stalin wanted control of the territory, likely the destruction of the sturdy nation of Finns – in any case, their detatchment from their cultural heritage and connection to (democratic) Western Europe. For the Finns, notably Socialist Finns, the threat against the Finnish nation aswell as against the Finnish democracy were of gravest importance for their stance in the war and their disappointing Stalin's hope for being greated as a liberator.

This also had obvious bearings on the stance taken in Paris, London and most notably in Stockholm. Stalin's peace-feeler changed the odds for international intervention. Before, it had been Finland's strugle on life and death. After, it was merely about a piece of Finland's territory.

Best and friendliest regards! --Ruhrjung 20:03, 12 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * You evidentally want to include the statement "abolish Finland's democracy" in the article, regarding Soviet intentions. I feel this is POV and I tried to replace it with a more factual statement of what the Soviets hoped to do. If you want to remove your version of this from the article, I won't insist on mine, but I do think it deserves a mention. Everyking 20:07, 12 Mar 2004 (UTC)

That's what changed it all, i.e. when he gave up that ambition, for the Finns and for the powers who considered intervention – and to some degree also for the Nazis. Berlin and Stockholm could urge Finland to seek peace, and Paris and London lost a strong reason (alternatively: disguise) for military support.

It is not only factual, but central.

Could you please explain which/whose POV you feel this to be representing? --Ruhrjung 20:24, 12 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * I don't understand what you are getting at. You are making this dispute something that it is not. I say "abolish Finland's democracy" should be replaced by the more NPOV "establish a Soviet-style socialist government." In order to defend your revert, you need to explain how your version of that is better than mine. Everyking 20:32, 12 Mar 2004 (UTC)

But what's not neutral with the mentioning of Soviet accepting Finland to keep its ties to the West, its sovereignty and its system of government being the critical step commencing the peace process?

Being a democratic country, including being the first to introduce universal suffrage, in a time when one European democracy after the other had gone under for authoritharianism and fascism, was important to the Finns' self-picture, for their ties to (democratic) Western Europe, for their hopes for military help from those akin democracies. Similarly it was important for the countries considering giving military help. When Stalin had signalled he could live with and independent democratic Finland on Russia's side, then the whole situation was changed - the peace process was commenced.

I do not realize how your wording should be more NPOV, and I've explained how it is of lesser relevance for the scope of this very article. Although it's not false or incorrect in any way. --Ruhrjung 21:01, 12 Mar 2004 (UTC)

It is more NPOV because A) We should give information as positives as well as negatives whenever possible (This is what he wanted, and this is what he didn't want -- or if we're only going to say one of the two, it should be the first, because it is more exact) and B) because it is plain that Stalin would've liked a Soviet-style socialist government in power, but it sounds like a propaganda piece to say that this would've meant the abolition of Finnish democracy, and I think we should avoid that kind of wording for the sake of neutrality. Everyking 21:11, 12 Mar 2004 (UTC)

So, if the truth sounds as a pice of propaganda, then say something else? --Ruhrjung 21:17, 12 Mar 2004 (UTC)

No, but say it in a NPOV manner befitting an encyclopedia. Everyking 21:26, 12 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Ruhrjung asked me to give an opinion on this dispute and although I am certainly not an expert in these matters, I think that it may be possible to find a compromise here. So let's have a look: the Red Army had fought to occupy all of Finland and abolish Finland's democracy looks factual, but perhaps slightly off the mark, as the thrust of the Soviet invasion was probably rather to abolish the Finnish government, with democracy as a secondary victim. However, I don't think that, historically, any Eastern European country has ever desired to have a Stalinist puppet regime installed, so the need of abolishing (or at least significantly posioning) democracy first seems evident. While and establish a Soviet-style socialist government is also factual, this may be an overly neutral way of expressing things, precisely because the opposition of the Finnish people merits mentioning. So why not describe the sequence of events from the Soviet perspective: first invade, then subdue authority of Finnish institutions, then try to establish a Soviet-style government. I guess that may be the most neutral way to describe the situation. One might argue that this means ascribing motives instead of decribing facts, but this argument would hold only if there were no sufficient documentary evidence about the Soviet intentions to consider them historic facts. Hope that helps, Kosebamse 05:53, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Ok, I think this wording or something similar would be fine: "...sought to replace Finland's democracy with a Soviet-style socialist system." Everyking 06:06, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC)

How about "sought to replace Finland's parliamentary democracy with a Soviet-style socialist system"? While few people now would argue that a Soviet-style socialist system is particularly democratic (to say the least), certainly there were arguments at the time (which some might still make) that a Soviet-style socialist system is the only truly democratic form of government. I don't believe that, but I'm not sure we should be privileging liberal parliamentarism as "true" democracy, either. john 09:03, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Or maybe: "sought to replace Finland's Western-type democracy"? I think this, at least, mirrors the Finnish feeling of being at the border between West and East (for a millenium on the border of Eastern and Western Christianity), now again threatened to become digested by "the East" (this time in the guise of Communism). It conveys the incentive for popular support in the West, including public debate in particularly Sweden, France and Britain over sending regulary military units to Finland. Since the sentence discussed is one of the first in the section, and indeed in the article as a whole, it's good to have it brief and concentrated; but it can easily be expanded on in a following paragraph. --Ruhrjung 10:15, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * As someone who should care, as I happen to be a native Finn, let me say that this whole thing is much ado about nothing. All the formulations I have read, are A-Okay by me. I think we can trust our readers to put two and two together, and figure out that installing a Soviet-style government in Finland would have some obvious repercussions to the government in place previously. All I can say, is that let the wiser man yield. -- J-V Heiskanen 18:16, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC)

western-type is fine with me, although I don't think it should be capitalized. john 18:51, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Moscow Peace Treaty


text:
Alley Cat (video game)

Alley Cat is a video game created by Bill Williams and published by Synapse Software for Atari 8-bit computers in 1983. The player controls Freddy the Cat, who enters people's homes through open windows to perform various tasks in order to reach his love, Felicia. A port for the IBM PC as a self-booting disk and the IBM PCjr were published in 1984 by IBM. These use four-color CGA graphics.

Alley Cat was based on a one-screen prototype by John Harris. Harris had become unhappy with the direction of the game and handed it over to Williams who expanded the concept into a finished game.

Gameplay
In the main screen, which is the alley, the player is presented with a tall fence in front of an apartment building with several windows. Each window periodically opens to throw out random objects (a phone, shoe, etc.). Every once in a while a dog may come running along the bottom edge of the screen. If the cat touches this dog, they get into a fight and one life is taken away.

By jumping and climbing trash cans, the fence, and clotheslines, the cat can enter various rooms through the open windows. Each room contains one of several challenges:

 * In one room there's a table with a birdcage on it in the middle of the room. Here the objective is to push the birdcage off the table and then catch the bird which escapes from the broken cage.
 * In another room, there's a fishbowl which the cat can enter and must eat all the fish while dodging electric eels and repeatedly coming up for air to avoid drowning.
 * Another room contains a huge chunk of cheese with a number of holes. In each hole mice appear randomly, which the cat must catch.
 * The cat may also find itself in a room with a number of sleeping dogs, some of which have feeding dishes in front of them. The cat must empty each dish without waking up any of the dogs.
 * In another challenge, the cat must collect three ferns from the top of a bookshelf while avoiding a disproportionately large spider that may lower itself upon the cat from above.

Most rooms have a broomstick that constantly moves around the screen. The cat can keep the broom busy by making footprints on the ground (at the bottom edge of the screen). When there are no footprints, the broom will constantly chase after the cat.

The broom is harmless in the sense that it never kills the cat, but it pushes the cat around, enough to make it more difficult if it is not kept busy. In particular, the broom might often throw the cat right at the above-mentioned dog or spider, or throw it right back out of the window.

Successful completion of the challenge is awarded with a number of points proportional to the time taken to complete it. The player then returns to the alley where open windows now show a female cat calling him.

Upon entering such a window, the player encounters a room in which there are several platforms (a bit like shelves) made out of valentine hearts on which other cats walk left and right. The object is to reach the cat at the top while maneuvering around the other cats, which cause the player to fall a level if touched.

Each platform has areas the player can stand on as well as areas where they fall through (the other cats, however, never fall through). These areas are hearts which switch between normal and broken as they are touched by heart-shaped arrows that are constantly shot diagonally across the screen by cherubs on either side of the screen. These arrows also cause the player to fall down a level.

There are also gifts on the bottom row that can be used to eliminate an unfriendly cat for a short period of time. If the player falls from the bottom row, they fail and must return to the alley and complete another task.

If the cat manages to kiss the female cat in the special room, the level advances by one and the player gains an extra life. The game's difficulty level continues to increase until the multiplier reaches level 30, at which point it stays the same. Gameplay at this level can continue indefinitely, but running out of lives means game over.

Reception
Describing Alley Cat as "a challenging and interesting game with something of a storybook quality to it", Antic in 1985 praised its "really superb" graphics. The magazine concluded that it "is simply a lot of fun to play!".

Legacy
In 2006, the first fan remake Alley Cat 2 made its debut. An unofficial fan remake entitled Alley Cat Remeow Edition was freely released in 2018.

title: Alley Cat (video game)


text:
Playdium

Playdium is a family entertainment centre chain owned by Cineplex Entertainment. It consists of three locations.

The chain first launched on September 7, 1996, opening its first location in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada as Sega City @ Playdium. It was located near the Square One Shopping Centre and served as the chain's flagship location. The 11 acre centre cost CA$17 million to build and included an arcade, batting cages, go-karts and mini-golf. A partnership with Sega GameWorks, it featured many arcade games from that company such as Daytona USA, and eight-player racing setups for Indy 500 (as Virtua Indy) and Manx TT Super Bike. Indy 500 remains available today. In 1999, the centre was renamed to Playdium. The company opened up two more locations in Brampton and Whitby in late 2019.

The main building is 40000 sqft and included over 200 attractions. Some arcade games include Mario Kart Arcade GP DX, Luigi's Mansion Arcade, Pac-Man's Arcade Party and two Pump It Up machines (Pump It Up 2017 Prime 2 and Pump It Up 2015 Prime). The arcade was previously curated into themed "communities" such as Contact, Music, Speed and Sports, but this is no longer the case. Play credit and tickets for games are loaded on a digital game card and can be purchased in units to use at any time or in time blocks of two hours. While all games require credit, redemption games cannot use time blocks and may also award digital tickets to successful players. A few other machines also cannot use time blocks. Cards from Player One brands are not interchangeable. For example, a Playdium card cannot be used at Xscape, or vice versa.

A baseball dome, formerly with a Toronto Blue Jays partnership, operates year-round and has nine variable-speed batting cages. There is also a Megabytes fast food restaurant on the gaming floor and a full-service mezzanine diner. Megabytes now features marketing similar to Cineplex concession stands and OutTakes restaurants, though at lower prices, while also incorporating a selection of Pizza Pizza and Starbucks menu items. Past cross-promotional partners included HMV Canada, the Toronto Blue Jays (indoor batting cages, baseball camps, and coupons on Blue Jays tickets), the Molson Indy Toronto (the 1.2 mi outdoor go-kart track was formerly known as the Mario Andretti Racetrack), and Roots (the lounge was formerly known as the Roots Treehouse). The outdoors also include an 18-hole miniature golf, and Water Wars.

The company operated four Playdium locations at its peak: Mississauga (next to the Square One Shopping Centre), Toronto (next to Scotiabank Theatre Toronto), Edmonton (inside the West Edmonton Mall) and Burnaby (inside Metropolis at Metrotown and host of official Dance Dance Revolution tournaments in 2000 and 2001). Though the Playdium brand did exist in smaller arcades that are now known as Cinescape or Xscape. The Rec Room is a spiritual successor to Playdium near the former Toronto location and at the former West Edmonton Mall location. A new Rec Room location took over the former Target at Square One Shopping Centre in 2019. Despite this, future plans regarding the nearby Playdium location have yet to be announced. The company also operates The Playdium Store, which retails arcade games and various other home entertainment solutions. On October 15, 2020, it was announced that Playdium would permanently close on November 1 in Mississauga due to redevelopment of the area however its locations in Brampton and Whitby will remain open. On February 20, 2021, Playdium opened its location in Dartmouth Nova Scotia.

Playdium Movie Magic was a DVD video rental shop that operated using automated retail kiosks. It launched in early 2011 and closed in late 2016. Competitors included Le SuperClub Vidéotron, Redbox and Zip.ca kiosks. Contrary to these, Playdium rentals were location-specific and could only be returned at the original kiosk where the DVD was rented.

title: Playdium


text:
Talk:Rehoboth

Namibia mention

 * , and originally stands for a place in Namibia

This is either a highly outré claim about the Bible, or refers to something else. Either way it deserves some explanation. - Montrealais

title: Talk:Rehoboth