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Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama

Tsuzuki-ku (都筑区) is one of the 18 wards of the city of Yokohama in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 2010, the ward had an estimated population of 199,258 and a density of 7,130 persons per km2. The total area was 27.93 km2.

Geography
Tsuzuki Ward is located in eastern Kanagawa Prefecture, and north of the geographic center of the city of Yokohama.

Surrounding municipalities

 * Kōhoku Ward
 * Midori Ward
 * Aoba Ward

History
The area around present-day Tsuzuki Ward was formerly part of Tsutsuki District in Musashi Province. During the Edo period, it was a rural region classified as tenryō territory controlled directly by the Tokugawa shogunate, but administered through various hatamoto. After the Meiji Restoration, the area became part of the new Kanagawa Prefecture. In the cadastral reform of April 1, 1889, the area was divided into numerous villages. In April 1939, the area was annexed by the neighboring city of Yokohama, becoming part of Kōhoku Ward. In a major administrative reorganization of October 1, 1969, Kōhoku was divided, with parts of the present-day area of Tsuzuki becoming part of the new Midori-ku. On November 6, 1994, Kōhoku and Midori were recombined, and then re-divided into four Wards (Kōhoku, Midori, Tsuzuki and Aoba). The division and re-division of Wards has much to do with the development of northern Yokohama by railroad companies. The opening of the Tōkyū Den-en-toshi Line and associated "Tama Den-en-toshi" (東急多摩田園都市) residential communities led to the rapid suburban development in this region. This was followed by the Kōhoku New Town (港北ニュータウン) project in the 1980s and early 1990s. The core of the Kōhoku New Town became a significant commercial centre once the subway line extension between Shin-Yokohama and Azamino was completed in 1993. The influx of new population resulted in the entire “Kōhoku New Town” being re-organized into the new Tsuzuki Ward.

Economy
Tsuzuki Ward is primarily a regional commercial center and bedroom community for central Yokohama, Kawasaki and Tokyo. There is some light manufacturing and residual agriculture. Prior to World War II, the area was known for its production of chrysanthemums. Car Make T&E and Weld X Overdose Techniques Factory are headquartered in Tsuzuki Ward.

Railroads

 * Yokohama City Transportation Bureau – Blue Line
 * Nakagawa – Center-Kita – Center-Minami – Nakamachidai
 * Yokohama City Transportation Bureau – Green Line
 * Kawawachō - Tsuzuki-Fureai-no-Oka - Center-Minami - Center-Kita - Kita-Yamata - Higashi-Yamata

Highways

 * Daisan Keihin
 * Japan National Route 246

Education
Kanagawa Prefectural Board of Education operates public high schools. Public high schools:
 * Kawawa High School
 * Eda High School
 * Shin-ei High School

Yokohama Municipal Board of Education operates public elementary and junior high schools.

Public junior high schools:

 * Chigasaki (茅ケ崎)
 * Edaminami (荏田南)
 * Hayabuchi (早渕)
 * Higashi-yamata (東山田)
 * Kawawa (川和)
 * Nakagawa (中川)
 * Nakagawa-nishi (中川西)
 * Tsuda (都田)

Public elementary schools:

 * Chigasaki (茅ケ崎)
 * Chigasakidai (茅ケ崎台)
 * Chigasaki-higashi (茅ケ崎東)
 * Eda (荏田)
 * Edahigashi-Dai-ichi (荏田東第一)
 * Edaminami (荏田南)
 * Higashi-yamata (東山田)
 * Kachida (勝田)
 * Kawawa (川和)
 * Kawawa-higashi (川和東)
 * Kita-yamata (北山田)
 * Minami-yamata (南山田)
 * Nakagawa (中川)
 * Nakagawa-nishi (中川西)
 * Orimoto (折本)
 * Sumiregaoka (すみれが丘)
 * Tsuda (都田)
 * Tsuda-nishi (都田西)
 * Tsuzuki (都筑)
 * Tsuzuki-no-oka (つづきの丘)
 * Ushikubo (牛久保)
 * Yamata (山田)

Additionally, Higashiichigao Elementary (ケ尾小学校), Kamoi Elementary (鴨居小学校), and Shinyoshida Daini Elementary (新吉田第二小学校), which have their campuses outside of Tsuzuki-ku, have zones that include portions of Tsuzuki-ku.

Private international schools:
 * German School Tokyo Yokohama

Post-secondary institutions:
 * Musashi Institute of Technology
 * Tokyo City University

Local attractions

 * Yokohama History Museum

Noted people from Tsuzuki

 * Reiko Nakamura, Olympic swimmer
 * Yuya Tegoshi, musician

title: Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama


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Larry Sengstock

Larry Sengstock (born 4 March 1960) is an Australian retired basketball player and was the CEO of Basketball Australia and the NBL until April 2012.

Career
Larry was born in Maryborough Qld. He was a champion swimmer but was lured to the sport of basketball by his primary school teacher Ray Alloway. Larry was a tall boy for his age and Ray Alloway thought he would be a great asset to the game of basketball. Larry was taught the fundamentals of the game by his school teacher, which led them both to succeed together in Regional, State and Australian Championships. Becoming the First Queensland team to win at an Australian Championship in 1975. Larry completed his senior year at Aldridge State High School in Maryborough. Many visiting teams from the US made offers for him to move to the US, but he stayed in Australia. He has always accredited his first coach/School teacher, Ray Alloway for giving him a solid grounding in the fundamentals of the game. Larry played for Lang Park Basketball club as a junior. He was one of the star players in the early years of Australia's fledgling National Basketball League (NBL). Sengstock played 456 NBL games over 18 seasons, starting with the St. Kilda Saints and later playing for the Brisbane Bullets, Gold Coast Rollers and North Melbourne Giants.

Sengstock won five NBL championship rings, his first coming in 1979 with St Kilda. He was named Most Valuable Player in the 1979 Grand Final; twenty years later, the Grand Final MVP award would be renamed the Larry Sengstock Medal in his honour.

Sengstock would also win an NBL championship in 1980, again with St. Kilda. That year he was also named to the Australian Olympic team for the first time and played for the Boomers in 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, Russia. He also represented Australia at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles (USA), 1988 (Seoul, South Korea) and 1992 in Barcelona, Spain, and at four FIBA World Championship tournaments (1978, 1982, 1986 and 1990).

As a member of the Brisbane Bullets he won two more NBL titles in 1985 and 1987, and won his last title as a North Melbourne Giant in 1994.

Sengstock scored 5,466 career points (11.9 ppg) and recorded 3,221 rebounds (7.0 rpg); He is tenth on the NBL's all-time rebounding list entering the 2003/04 season.

Accolades
He was named to the All-NBL First Team in 1982, and was a unanimous selection for the NBL's Hall of Fame in 2001.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Larry Sengstock


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Aiko

Aiko (あいこ, アイコ) is a feminine Japanese given name.

Aikō (愛甲) is a Japanese surname, also romanized as Aikoh or Aiko.

Aiko or Ayko is also a traditional male given name in Scandinavia and especially northern Germany. In Germany it is considered one of the old "gentry names". It is a variation of the name Ekke or Eike. Ekke translates to "blade".

Possible meanings
The meaning varies depending on the kanji used to write it. Several written forms include:
 * 愛子 — Love, child, child of love
 * 愛幸 — Love fortune.
 * 葵子 — Hollyhock and child; the same kanji can be used to write Riko and Kiko as well as the more similar Aoko, Aoiko, and Ako.
 * 藍子- Indigo, child.

Notable people with this name

 * Aiko (Czech singer), a Czech singer-songwriter
 * Aiko (Japanese singer) (愛子), a Japanese singer-songwriter
 * Aiko, Princess Toshi (愛子内親王), a Japanese princess
 * Aiko Anzai (安西愛子), a vocalist and politician
 * Aiko Asano (浅野愛子), an actress and singer
 * Aiko Dinale (愛子), a Japanese Italian Robot scientist
 * Aiko Doden (道傳愛子), a news presenter
 * Aiko Fukumorida (福盛田藍子), a manga artist
 * Aiko Gibo (宜保愛子), an occultist
 * Aiko Hayashi (林 愛子), Japanese synchronized swimmer
 * Aiko Iguchi (井口愛子), a pianist
 * Aiko Ikuta (幾田愛子), a singer
 * Aiko Itō (いとうあいこ), an actress
 * Aiko Kaito (皆藤愛子), an announcer
 * Aiko Kayō (嘉陽愛子), a pop singer
 * Aiko Kitahara (novelist) (北原亞以子), a novelist
 * Aiko Kitahara (singer) (北原愛子), a singer
 * Aiko Klostermann, a German computer scientist
 * Aiko Melendez, popular actress in the Philippines
 * Aiko Mimasu (三益愛子), an actress
 * Aiko Miyake (三宅愛子), a freestyle swimmer
 * Aiko Miyamura (宮村 愛子), Japanese badminton player
 * Aiko Miyawaki (宮脇 愛子), Japanese sculptor
 * Aiko Moriyama (森山愛子), a singer
 * Aiko Nakagawa, a street artist also known as Lady Aiko
 * Aiko Nakamura (中村藍子), a professional tennis player
 * Aiko Okumura (奥村愛子), a singer
 * Aiko Onozawa (ja:小野沢 愛子), a Japanese former volleyball player
 * Aiko Saito (齋藤 愛子), Japanese sailor
 * Aiko Satō (writer) (佐藤 愛子), Japanese writer
 * Aiko Sato (actress) (佐藤 藍子), Japanese actress
 * Aiko Sato (judoka) (佐藤 愛子), Japanese judoka
 * Aiko Sarwosri Isra (born 1989), Indonesian model, chef, radio broadcaster and celebrity
 * Aiko Shimajiri (島尻あい子), a politician
 * Aiko Takahama (高浜愛子, born 1984), women's professional shogi player
 * Aiko Uemura (上村愛子), a mogul skier
 * Jhené Aiko, an American singer/songwriter

Fictional characters

 * Aiko, an anime-style 3D figure created by DAZ3D
 * Aiko Senoo (妹尾 あいこ) (Mirabelle Haywood), a character in the shōjo anime Ojamajo Doremi
 * Aiko Miyazaki (Honey Lemon), a Marvel Comics superhero associated with Big Hero 6, a Japanese team
 * Aiko Tanaka (田中 愛子), a character and the primary love interest of the slice of life manga Oyasumi Punpun
 * Aiko Takada, a character from the fantasy manga Elfen Lied
 * Aiko Yumi, a Japanese college professor and a dateable character in the dating simulation videogame HuniePop

title: Aiko


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Yunokawa Onsen (Hokkaido)

The Yunokawa Onsen (湯の川温泉) is a well known onsen in Japan on the northern island of Hokkaidō. It is located on the outskirts of Hakodate city close to Hakodate Airport.

History
In the Ainu language, the meaning of Yunokawa is a hot spring river.

This onsen is considered by Japanese to be one of the three major hot springs in Hokkaidō. Its origins are said to date back to 1653 when a lord of the Matsumae clan was healed of an incurable illness by bathing in its waters. Legend says that Seiryoin (清涼院), the 9th Lord of Matsumae Domain's mother, had him bathe for medical purposes in the Yunokawa Onsen in 1653. Having recovered from illness, and she had the Yakushido (薬師堂) rebuilt to honor his recovery and it was dedicated to Wniguchi (鰐口).

Water profile
The hot spring water contains various minerals including sodium, calcium chloride and sulphur.

Most of the slightly reddish hot spring water from this Onsen contains sodium, calcium, and chloride. It is believed the water can treat nerve and joint pains, fatigue, sprains, women’s diseases, among other health problems.

Features
In the nearby Hakodate city area there is a tropical botanical garden where a population of Japanese snow monkeys live. In colder months, the monkeys frequently use the hot springs on the garden grounds.

title: Yunokawa Onsen (Hokkaido)


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Paradise Kiss

Paradise Kiss, also abbreviated to ParaKiss, is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Ai Yazawa. It appeared as a serial in Shodensha's v|fashion magazine Zipper (magzine), with its chapters collected in five volumes. The series has also been adapted into a 12-episode anime series, produced by Aniplex and Studio Madhouse, and aired in Japan on Fuji TV's Noitamina programming block.

The comic and the anime have become popular both domestically and internationally. The English version was published by Vertical, Inc.

Paradise Kiss occurs in the same universe as Yazawa's previous work, Neighborhood Story. However, Paradise Kiss is a stand-alone story, as only three supporting characters from Neighborhood Story have major roles.

Characters

 * Yukari "Caroline" Hayasaka (早坂紫)
 * Portrayed by: Keiko Kitagawa, Sea Kumada (childhood)
 * Yukari is a beautiful but arrogant high school senior that studies dutifully for her university entrance exams. She cannot find meaning in her straight-laced life of exams and feels that she has not actually lived at all. As a student at a prestigious high school, she begins with a snobbish attitude towards the fashion design students, looking down on them for being so radically different from her own path. After she witnesses the hard work that the ParaKiss members pour into their clothing line, her attitude towards them begins to change to one of admiration for their passion and courage to pursue their dreams. Her intense relationship with George also pushes her to pursue her own identity, encouraging her to assert herself despite the fact that she feels he is a cold and manipulative man. Yukari tries her best to be the kind of woman that she thinks George wants. The members of ParaKiss support her as she discovers new depths to her own ambitions by embarking on a professional modelling career, including the experience of being represented by an agency. She is often inexplicably referred to as "Caroline" or "Carrie" by the members of Paradise Kiss. In the manga, she eventually marries Hiroyuki after George leaves to pursue fashion design in Paris. In the anime, she marries an unnamed boyfriend assumed to be Hiroyuki. In the live-action film, she rejects Hiroyuki and finds George again while on a modelling job in New York.
 * Yukari is a beautiful but arrogant high school senior that studies dutifully for her university entrance exams. She cannot find meaning in her straight-laced life of exams and feels that she has not actually lived at all. As a student at a prestigious high school, she begins with a snobbish attitude towards the fashion design students, looking down on them for being so radically different from her own path. After she witnesses the hard work that the ParaKiss members pour into their clothing line, her attitude towards them begins to change to one of admiration for their passion and courage to pursue their dreams. Her intense relationship with George also pushes her to pursue her own identity, encouraging her to assert herself despite the fact that she feels he is a cold and manipulative man. Yukari tries her best to be the kind of woman that she thinks George wants. The members of ParaKiss support her as she discovers new depths to her own ambitions by embarking on a professional modelling career, including the experience of being represented by an agency. She is often inexplicably referred to as "Caroline" or "Carrie" by the members of Paradise Kiss. In the manga, she eventually marries Hiroyuki after George leaves to pursue fashion design in Paris. In the anime, she marries an unnamed boyfriend assumed to be Hiroyuki. In the live-action film, she rejects Hiroyuki and finds George again while on a modelling job in New York.

 * Jōji "George" Koizumi (小泉譲二)
 * Portrayed by: Osamu Mukai
 * George is a senior at Yazagaku fashion school with a gift for fashion design, particularly in haute couture. Although his personality can appear cold, he lives like a hedonist and has extravagant ideas on everything, most of which are not accepted by the mainstream. George is bisexual, describing himself as an "equal opportunity lover". He refers to Yukari as both his muse and a tease. He explains his manipulative behavior as his desire for her to become an independent woman that makes her own decisions and takes responsibility for them. George's appearance is loosely based on Brian Slade of Velvet Goldmine. Yukari humorously questions if he is actually an alien because of his distinctive blue hair and eyes. George is alternately cold and warm to Yukari, confusing her and causing intense fights between the two of them. The lifestyle that he lives is that of a wealthy young bachelor with a high-end loft apartment and a vintage Jaguar. George's wealthy father pays for his living arrangements and tuition at Yazagaku, though he rarely sees him because his mother was only a mistress. His mother, a former fashion model, often complains that he looks and acts just like his father despite his intense disdain for him. In the end, after Paradise Kiss fails to sell a single dress, he goes with Isabella to Paris to pursue fashion design. He mails Yukari a key to the storage unit that stores all of the clothing that he's designed, including the fashion show dress. In the anime and manga, George sends Yukari and her husband a ticket to a broadway show where he served as costume designer. In the live action movie, it's revealed that he's kept the magazines that Yukari has modelled in, and they kiss when she finds his studio again.
 * George is a senior at Yazagaku fashion school with a gift for fashion design, particularly in haute couture. Although his personality can appear cold, he lives like a hedonist and has extravagant ideas on everything, most of which are not accepted by the mainstream. George is bisexual, describing himself as an "equal opportunity lover". He refers to Yukari as both his muse and a tease. He explains his manipulative behavior as his desire for her to become an independent woman that makes her own decisions and takes responsibility for them. George's appearance is loosely based on Brian Slade of Velvet Goldmine. Yukari humorously questions if he is actually an alien because of his distinctive blue hair and eyes. George is alternately cold and warm to Yukari, confusing her and causing intense fights between the two of them. The lifestyle that he lives is that of a wealthy young bachelor with a high-end loft apartment and a vintage Jaguar. George's wealthy father pays for his living arrangements and tuition at Yazagaku, though he rarely sees him because his mother was only a mistress. His mother, a former fashion model, often complains that he looks and acts just like his father despite his intense disdain for him. In the end, after Paradise Kiss fails to sell a single dress, he goes with Isabella to Paris to pursue fashion design. He mails Yukari a key to the storage unit that stores all of the clothing that he's designed, including the fashion show dress. In the anime and manga, George sends Yukari and her husband a ticket to a broadway show where he served as costume designer. In the live action movie, it's revealed that he's kept the magazines that Yukari has modelled in, and they kiss when she finds his studio again.

 * Miwako Sakurada (櫻田実和子)
 * Portrayed by: Aya Omasa
 * Miwako is the bubbly, pink-haired student of Yazagaku who works with George to run their brand, Paradise Kiss. She is the younger sister of the Happy Berry brand's creator/president, Mikako Kouda, who is the protagonist in Ai Yazawa's Gokinjo Monogatari work, and feels pressure to live up to her success. Miwako tends to act in a rather childlike manner, both in her Lolita style dress and unique vocabulary. She carries around a jar of konpeito candy that makes her feel better by reminding her of how she is loved. Because of her cute personality, she is adored by many of the characters and becomes Yukari's closest friend, even offering her a place to stay when she needs it. Unbeknownst to Yukari, Miwako was a childhood friend of Hiroyuki and his first love.
 * Miwako is the bubbly, pink-haired student of Yazagaku who works with George to run their brand, Paradise Kiss. She is the younger sister of the Happy Berry brand's creator/president, Mikako Kouda, who is the protagonist in Ai Yazawa's Gokinjo Monogatari work, and feels pressure to live up to her success. Miwako tends to act in a rather childlike manner, both in her Lolita style dress and unique vocabulary. She carries around a jar of konpeito candy that makes her feel better by reminding her of how she is loved. Because of her cute personality, she is adored by many of the characters and becomes Yukari's closest friend, even offering her a place to stay when she needs it. Unbeknownst to Yukari, Miwako was a childhood friend of Hiroyuki and his first love.

 * Arashi Nagase (永瀬嵐)
 * Portrayed by: Kento Kaku
 * Arashi is a student of Yazagaku with a taste for punk style and alternative music. With his distressed jeans and safety pin piercings, Yukari flees when he tries to scout her in the streets of Tokyo. George enjoys harassing the serious-minded punk. Miwako reassures her that though Arashi looks intimidating, he is very kind. He is Miwako's childhood friend turned boyfriend, and this was the cause of the split in friendship between Miwako and Hiroyuki, having told Miwako that she could no longer see him anymore. Arashi despises being compared to Hiroyuki for any reason as he secretly believes himself to be inferior to the clean-cut prodigy. He even breaks Miwako's phone when he realizes she is texting Hiroyuki. By the end of the manga, Hiroyuki and Miwako help him to get over his inferiority complex, and the three childhood friends attend a New Year's celebration together. When the members of ParaKiss engage in outrageous behavior, Arashi is usually the voice of reason. He is the one that talks most directly to Yukari about her decision to drop out of school. He is the son of a musician, Risa Kanzaki, who is a good friend of Mikako Kouda. (Both characters appear in Gokinjo Monogatari.) Arashi and Miwako eventually marry and have a daughter who looks much like Arashi (whom Hiroyuki believes would look cuter if she had looked like Miwako instead).
 * Arashi is a student of Yazagaku with a taste for punk style and alternative music. With his distressed jeans and safety pin piercings, Yukari flees when he tries to scout her in the streets of Tokyo. George enjoys harassing the serious-minded punk. Miwako reassures her that though Arashi looks intimidating, he is very kind. He is Miwako's childhood friend turned boyfriend, and this was the cause of the split in friendship between Miwako and Hiroyuki, having told Miwako that she could no longer see him anymore. Arashi despises being compared to Hiroyuki for any reason as he secretly believes himself to be inferior to the clean-cut prodigy. He even breaks Miwako's phone when he realizes she is texting Hiroyuki. By the end of the manga, Hiroyuki and Miwako help him to get over his inferiority complex, and the three childhood friends attend a New Year's celebration together. When the members of ParaKiss engage in outrageous behavior, Arashi is usually the voice of reason. He is the one that talks most directly to Yukari about her decision to drop out of school. He is the son of a musician, Risa Kanzaki, who is a good friend of Mikako Kouda. (Both characters appear in Gokinjo Monogatari.) Arashi and Miwako eventually marry and have a daughter who looks much like Arashi (whom Hiroyuki believes would look cuter if she had looked like Miwako instead).

 * Isabella Yamamoto (山本イサベラ)
 * Portrayed by: Shunji Igarashi
 * Isabella is the mother figure to the members of ParaKiss. This tall Yazagaku student is the epitome of high class and femininity. Isabella was born into a wealthy family and was the inspiration for George's very first dress during childhood, becoming his first client. She often had the habit of taking every piece of clothing that he finished. As a child, she had always wanted gorgeous dresses, and George was the one that fulfilled her wish. Isabella provides a source of support to Yukari when she needs it the most, whether it be regarding her relationship with George or choice to abandon her studies. Isabella is a transgender woman and she is mortified when anyone refers to her as her birth name.
 * Isabella is the mother figure to the members of ParaKiss. This tall Yazagaku student is the epitome of high class and femininity. Isabella was born into a wealthy family and was the inspiration for George's very first dress during childhood, becoming his first client. She often had the habit of taking every piece of clothing that he finished. As a child, she had always wanted gorgeous dresses, and George was the one that fulfilled her wish. Isabella provides a source of support to Yukari when she needs it the most, whether it be regarding her relationship with George or choice to abandon her studies. Isabella is a transgender woman and she is mortified when anyone refers to her as her birth name.

 * Hiroyuki Tokumori (徳森浩行)
 * Portrayed by: Yusuke Yamamoto
 * Yukari's classmate, an intelligent and handsome prodigy who is the object of Yukari's affections at the beginning of the story. Hiroyuki was once in love with Miwako, but Arashi forbade her from seeing him. He gives advice to Arashi on how to come to terms with his feelings for Miwako and his past actions and soon after the three of them mend their friendship. Hiroyuki is at the top of his class and aspires to become a physician. He eventually falls for Yukari, and foolishly assumed that a girl like her would never show interest in him. In the manga, Hiroyuki expresses his frustration at always being second-best in anything but academics, referring to Miwako choosing Arashi and to Yukari being in love with George, stating that he loves studying just because he can control the outcome. Son of Gokinjo Monogatari character, Hiroaki Tokumori ("Toku-chan").
 * Yukari's classmate, an intelligent and handsome prodigy who is the object of Yukari's affections at the beginning of the story. Hiroyuki was once in love with Miwako, but Arashi forbade her from seeing him. He gives advice to Arashi on how to come to terms with his feelings for Miwako and his past actions and soon after the three of them mend their friendship. Hiroyuki is at the top of his class and aspires to become a physician. He eventually falls for Yukari, and foolishly assumed that a girl like her would never show interest in him. In the manga, Hiroyuki expresses his frustration at always being second-best in anything but academics, referring to Miwako choosing Arashi and to Yukari being in love with George, stating that he loves studying just because he can control the outcome. Son of Gokinjo Monogatari character, Hiroaki Tokumori ("Toku-chan").

 * Kaori Asō (麻生香)
 * Portrayed by: Natsuki Kato
 * A former Yazagaku student who is now studying abroad on a scholarship received as the previous winner of the junior Grand Prize. She is noted for her talent and incredible determination. She has romantic feelings for her old friend George, but knows that he is not the type to make a woman happy. According to George's conversation with Yukari, Kaori is the only woman George cannot court and it is hinted that he harbors unique feelings toward her, whether merely those of admiration or romance.
 * A former Yazagaku student who is now studying abroad on a scholarship received as the previous winner of the junior Grand Prize. She is noted for her talent and incredible determination. She has romantic feelings for her old friend George, but knows that he is not the type to make a woman happy. According to George's conversation with Yukari, Kaori is the only woman George cannot court and it is hinted that he harbors unique feelings toward her, whether merely those of admiration or romance.

 * Alice Yamaguchi (山口アリス)
 * Miwako's niece. She is in third grade, and just as perky as Miwako. In the anime, she only makes a brief appearance. Alice has the same eyes as Tsutomu.
 * Miwako's niece. She is in third grade, and just as perky as Miwako. In the anime, she only makes a brief appearance. Alice has the same eyes as Tsutomu.

Manga
Written and illustrated by Ai Yazawa, Paradise Kiss was serialized in Shodensha's fashion magazine Zipper (magazine) from March 23, 1999, to March 22, 2003. Shodensha collected its chapters in five wideban volumes, released from March 31, 2000, to August 23, 2003.

Tokyopop licensed Paradise Kiss for an English-language release in North America and serialized it in its manga magazine Smile. The five volumes were released from May 21, 2002, to March 9, 2004. After Tokyopop's dissolving in 2011, New York based publishers Vertical acquired the rights to the property with plans on releasing the series in a three-volume A5 sized set with new covers, color plates and newly commissioned translation from September 2012 to March 2013. They re-released the series in a single omnibus volume as the "20th Anniversary Edition" on December 3, 2019. Madman Entertainment distributed the series in Australia and New Zealand.

The series has also been licensed in Italy, Germany and Mexico by Panini Comics;  Argentina, Spain, and Finland by Editorial Ivrea;   in France by Kana; in Poland by Waneko; in Russia by Comics Factory; and in Taiwan by Sharp Point Press. In Brazil, it was first licensed by Conrad Editora, but was later re-licensed by Panini Comics.

Volumes

 * Japanese release/First English release

 * Second English release

Anime
Produced by Fuji TV, Aniplex, Dentsu, Shodensha and Madhouse, the Paradise Kiss anime series began airing on October 10, 2005. It was directed by Osamu Kobayashi, who also wrote the series scripts. Nobuteru Yūki served as character designer and chief animation director, while noted fashion creator Atsurō Tayama designed the outfits and THE BABYS and Narasaki (of Coaltar of the Deepers) composed the music. The anime was licensed for release in North America by Geneon Entertainment. On July 3, 2008, Geneon and Funimation Entertainment announced an agreement to distribute select titles in North America. While Geneon retained the license, Funimation Entertainment assumed exclusive rights to the manufacturing, marketing, sales and distribution of select titles. Paradise Kiss was one of several titles involved in the deal. Funimation let the license expire in 2011.

The opening theme song is "Lonely in Gorgeous" by Tomoko Kawase (as alter ego Tommy february6). The ending theme features Franz Ferdinand's hit song "Do You Want To". Both songs appear on the Paradise Kiss Original Soundtrack released on December 21, 2005.

Production
In an interview in the January, 2007 issue of Newtype USA, director Kobayashi revealed many of the personal decisions which went into restructuring the manga into a television series. Wanting to avoid straying too far from the source material without approval, Kobayashi worked closely with Ai Yazawa on the new interpretations of the characters. In many instances, Yazawa was concerned that taking the original material straight would distract casual viewers or worse drive them away. Chief among these concerns was the handling of George's bisexual nature and interest in sadomasochism. Yazawa agreed that the dialogue should reflect this, but that actual onscreen depictions (as can be found in the original manga) were to be avoided. However, Kobayashi felt this was not being entirely true to the character, so he included a few hints of this side of George in the final episode. In another instance of modification, this time brought by Kobayashi, the character design of Arashi was modified to suit a scruffier, less slick appearance. "I wanted to make him look like Lupin the 3rd... sort of slouching and walking around with his hands in his pockets," Kobayashi explained. In agreement with the director, Yazawa went for the change.

One area Yazawa and Kobayashi did not agree on was the casting of Shunsuke Mizutani as Arashi. The fact that he was not a professional voice actor, but rather a musician, was the cause of this debate. Kobayashi had wanted a more natural performance that did not sound like the typical voice acting found in anime. "Yazawa and I even had a few rows because of that," Kobayashi explains. "But after she'd seen about three episodes, she finally admitted that Mizutani's voice is a great match, and I was able to relax."

In relation to the clothing design, despite Tayama's involvement with all of George's outfits, most of the clothing was left largely as originally depicted in the manga. Director Kobayashi had specifically requested a real designer to work on the project, and Tayama's role on the production had originally been conceived as reworking the designs to fit better with the real world, but much to everyone's surprise, the original manga designs by Ai Yazawa were already quite good. So, Tayama mostly was involved in updating the clothes to suit the very latest hot trends, and touching up the designs to make them look and behave realistically when animated. He also provided cloth samples and photographs with all of his illustrations to aid the animators with getting the textures right. Besides George's outfits, the majority of clothing for the other characters was designed by art director and stylist Asami Kiyokawa. After the rough designs were completed, texture artist Yoshikazu Suehiro drew all of the textures and lace by hand, and then scanned them into the computer and digitally applied them as textures during the animation coloring process.

Live-action film
Together with the Japanese production company IMJ, Fox International produced a live-action, Japanese-language film based on Paradise Kiss; The film has an estimated budget of US$3–4 million.

The live-action film features Keiko Kitagawa as Yukari Hayasaka and Osamu Mukai as George. Other cast members are Natsuki Katō as Kaori Aso, Aya Ōmasa as Miwako Sakurada, Kento Kaku as Arashi Nagase, Shunji Igarashi as Isabella Yamamoto, and Yūsuke Yamamoto as Tokumori Hiroyuki.

The film was released in Japan in June 2011. It featured the songs 'HELLO' and 'YOU' by YUI.

Reception
Melissa Sternenberg of THEM Anime Reviews called the character designs and animation "fresh and appealing" with the closing and opening sequences "some of the best of the Fall 2005 season," and praised the animation and artwork, especially the fashion designs. However, she felt the series went wrong in cramming the story into 12 episodes, saying 26 episodes would have been better, and said that she disliked the main characters. However, she said that the sentimentality of ParaKiss seems to "accurately reflect the real fashion world".

Carl Kimlinger of Anime News Network had a more positive view, saying that apart from the established characters, the show's true star is the "costume design" which is shown in much detail, with a "delicate balancing of realism with drama." He says that the treatment of this series is "unusually thoughtful," and says the series is "about being young...having dreams...[and] romance," telling the reality of those processes, saying the series will subtly change you. He called the series a "refreshingly mature story" but said it is not for "those in search of reassuring escapism".

title: Paradise Kiss


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Every Little Thing (band)

Every Little Thing (also known as ELT by their fans) is a pop/soft rock duo from Japan who debuted in August 1996 with the release of their first single called "Feel My Heart". Their name is usually written in English, and only rarely in katakana. They gained massive popularity in the late 1990s and early 2000s. As of 2013, Every Little Thing has sold over 23 million copies of singles and albums throughout Japan. Their second studio album, Time to Destination, is the best-selling album of the band with over 3.5 million copies sold, and became the 10th best-selling album of all time in Japan.

Every Little Thing was originally a trio but became a duo in 2000 with Kaori Mochida as the singer and Ichiro Ito as the guitarist. Mitsuru Igarashi left ELT following the release of their third original album, Eternity.

Early careers
Ito began playing guitar in local bands around the US Yokota Air Base in Fussa, Tokyo, performing cover versions of songs by rock acts like Van Halen to local sailors. He initially intended to play drums.

Mochida made her debut as a baby in an advertisement for diapers as her mom hoped she would enter the entertainment business. In 1991, at the age of 13, she joined the eight-member girl group The Kuro Buta All-Stars. Though not successful, the experience convinced her to record a two track demo, featuring the two songs, "Mouichido" (The Kuro Buta All-Stars) and a cover song from 1970s/1980s singer-songwriter Mariya Takeuchi.

She sent the demo to Avex Trax, where Mitsuru Igarashi was a producer looking for a girl for a new duo with him as the keyboardist. Impressed by her strong yet sweet voice, Igarashi asked her to join as a duo, and then asked his guitarist friend Ichiro Ito, then working as a studio receptionist, to help on the first single "Feel My Heart", created by Igarashi. Ito, over ten years Mochida's senior, has said that when first meeting the young Mochida wearing gyaru style thick platform boots, he didn't even know how to strike up conversation.

Debut and success
The band released their debut single "Feel My Heart" on August 7, 1996. The single peaked at number 24 on the Oricon charts. Their first studio album, called Everlasting was a big success, selling nearly two million copies in Japan, and marking ELT as a popular group with a bright future. The band reached number 1 at the Oricon charts for the first time with their fourth single, "For the Moment."

Their second studio album, entitled Time to Destination, was released on April 15, 1998, and it became one of the best-selling albums of that year, with over 3.5 million copies sold. The album ended up being the band's best-selling album, as well as the 10th best-selling album of all time in Japan. This album also included their best-selling single, "Time Goes By", which reached nearly 1.15 million copies sold.

Departure of Igarashi and change in sound
Upon the release of the third studio album, Eternity, released in March 2000, Mitsuru Igarashi suddenly decided to leave the band. Ito later said that the decision was dropped on them without warning, right before a tour, and it forced them to change their sound. The remaining duo decided to tour acoustically for the next two years in order to find their feet, but also enjoyed more creative freedom over the songs. The single "Rescue me" was the last that Igarashi participated in and with the release of their 16th single, "Ai no Kakera" in October 2000, ELT transitioned their style from Igarashi's signature synthesized pop-rock sound to a more acoustic soft-rock sound. Their single "Fragile" released on New Year's Day 2001 became ELT's second biggest hit ever, vindicating their new direction, selling approximately 829,580 copies; its c/w song "Jirenma" was one of the ending songs for the anime movie Initial D Third Stage. their fourth album and first as a duo, 4 Force, was released on March 22, 2001. The album was their first not to top the Japanese Oricon charts, but still managed to sell more than a million copies and was awarded as "Album of the Year" at the Japan Gold Disc Awards.

In 2003 the band released their fifth album, Many Pieces, which topped the Oricon charts. The album had five promotional singles prior to its release, including "Jump", the first attempt of Mochida in music composing, Untitled: 4 Ballads, their number one EP which got platinum status in Japan, and also "Grip!", which was used as an opening theme of anime television series InuYasha.

In November 2004 the duo released their single "Koibumi" that was a surprise for many, because it performed comparatively well on the charts, selling more than many of their previous singles. In 2005 they released only one single, the soft rock song "Kimi no Te", and the acoustic compilation album Acoustic : Latte.

During Every Little Thing's 2004–2005 Commonplace Tour, Mochida suffered from bronchitis which further affected her singing style during the tour as well as on their 7th album, Crispy Park, released on August 9, 2006 (their 10th anniversary day). Mochida’s singing style has changed slightly on every album, going from a clear, soothing voice to a high and cuter voice. A 2006–2007 concert tour followed their tenth anniversary album release. Their 31st single, "Swimmy", theme song for the drama series Kekkon Dekinai Otoko, was released in October 2006.

Tenth anniversary and solo endeavours
For celebrating their tenth anniversary, Every Little Thing held a two-day special live at the Nippon Budokan on March 6 and 7, 2006. Their 2008 album Door released on March 5, 2008 peaked at number 2 on the Oricon charts. Mochida has said of the album, that "I used to sing without thinking. But now I convey thoughts that are hard to explain when I communicate with people in my daily life. It's harder than before; but we reap much more joy."

On November 20, 2008, it was announced that Mochida would be starting a solo career in 2009, but both she and Itoh would continue as a duo. In this period both members released solo material. Mochida released her first solo album, Moka on August 12, 2009, and also participated briefly in the special unit Caocao, along with Takao Tajima, member of Original Love. On August 5, 2009, Ito released a mini-album on his own titled Diversity, which featured vocals of Idoling!!!, Ayuse Kozue, and others.

In 2009, after nine years of departed ways, Every Little Thing began working again with former band member Mitsuru Igarashi. Igarashi composed and produced several songs on the band's ninth album Change, released in March 2010, including its three promotional singles: "Dream Goes On", "Tsumetai Ame" and the album title song.

In July, 2011, the band released their 41st single "Sora/Koe". Both songs were used as theme songs of the 2011 Pokémon movie. On September 21, 2011, the band released their tenth album, Ordinary, which debuted at number 2 on the Oricon charts.

As of 2013 they are on tour promoting their On N On single which portrays a timeline of their current performance history. Concert information and dates available at Avex trex official site, https://web.archive.org/web/20121224083337/http://www.avexnet.or.jp/elt/live.html

Current members

 * Kaori Mochida - vocalist, songwriter
 * Ichiro Ito - guitarist, composer, arranger

Former member

 * Mitsuru Igarashi - keyboardist, producer, songwriter (1996–2000)

Support members

 * Genya Kuwajima - keyboardist (1996–2001)
 * Keiichi "K-1" Kodo - drummer (1996–2001)
 * Takeshi Asada - bassist (1996–2001)
 * Kaoru Kato - guitarist (1996–2007)
 * Tsunehiko Yashiro - keyboardist (2000–2001)
 * Masafumi "Massy" Hayashi - keyboardist (2001–2014)
 * Taka Yamaguchi - drummer (2001–2012)
 * Tanahashi "UNA" Nobuhito - band manipulation, live arrangement (2001–2004)
 * Satoshi "Anthony" Yamada - bassist (2002–2005)
 * Yasunari "Nam-Nam" Nakamura - band manipulation, live arrangement (2004–2011)
 * Naoki Kasahara - bassist (2005-current)
 * Tomoji Sogawa - band manipulation, live arrangement (2011–2014)
 * Koji Matsukawa - drummer (2013–2014)
 * Taisei Iwasaki - keyboardist, guitarist, live arrangement (2015-current)
 * Makoto Tanaka - keyboardist (2015-current)
 * Ken Higeshiro - drummer (2015-current)
 * Megumi Yamaguchi - Chorus (2015-current)
 * Fire Horns - Wind (2015-current)

Discography

 * Everlasting (1997)
 * Time to Destination (1998)
 * Eternity (2000)
 * 4 Force (2001)
 * Many Pieces (2003)
 * Commonplace (2004)
 * Crispy Park (2006)
 * Door (2008)
 * Change (2010)
 * Ordinary (2011)
 * Fun-Fare (2014)
 * ''Tabitabi (2015)

Concerts and tours

 * May 31, 1998 - August 4, 1998: Concert Tour'98 Time to Destination
 * April 1, 2000 - June 3, 2000: Concert Tour Spirit 2000
 * May 19, 2001 - July 22, 2001: Concert Tour 2001 4 Force
 * December 30–31, 2001: Count Down Live 2001-2002 HORSE
 * December 19, 2002: 2002 Christmas Special Concert
 * May 10, 2003 - July 8, 2003: 2003 Tour Many Pieces
 * December 23–24, 2003: X'mas Acoustic Live 2003
 * October 17, 2004 - April 8, 2005: Commonplace Tour 2004 - 2005
 * X'mas Acoustic Live at Urakami Tenshudō(Urakami Cathedral) ~Ai no Uta~ (浦上天主堂〜愛の謳〜)
 * October 7, 2006 - January 25, 2007: Concert Tour 2006 - 2007 Crispy Park
 * March 6–7, 2007: Every Little Thing 10th Anniversary Special Live at Nippon Budokan
 * April 12, 2008 - June 15, 2008: Concert Tour 2008 Door
 * December 7–8&11, 2008: Every Little Thing X'mas Concert 2008
 * December 23–24, 2009: Every Little Thing Premium Christmas Concert 2009
 * October 22, 2009 - March 28, 2010: Concert Tour 2009 - 2010 Meet
 * December 7, 2010 - December 23, 2010: Premium Christmas Concert Tour 2010
 * October 1, 2011 - April 1, 2012: Every Little Thing 15th Anniversary Concert Tour 2011 - 2012 "Ordinary"
 * February 18–19, 2012: Every Little Thing 15th Anniversary Premium 2 days ~naEverLasTing 2012~
 * January 26, 2013 - June 15, 2013: Every Little Thing Concert Tour 2013 -On And On-
 * February 22, 2014 - July 6, 2014: Every Little Thing Concert Tour 2014 -Fun Fare-
 * October 17, 2015 - April 2, 2016: Every Little Thing 20th Anniversary Best Hit Tour 2015 - 2016 ~Tabitabi~

title: Every Little Thing (band)


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Jugemu

Jugemu (寿限無/じゅげむ) is a famous story, a form of Japanese spoken entertainment. It has a simple story, with the most humorous part being the repetition of a ridiculously long name. It is often used in training for entertainers.

Plot
A couple could not think of a suitable name for their newborn son. The father went to the local temple and asked the chief priest to think of an auspicious name. The priest suggested "Jugemu" (寿限無), and several other names. The father could not decide which name he preferred, and therefore, gave the baby all of the names.

Jugemu's full name is:

Jugemu Jugemu (寿限無 寿限無) Gokō-no Surikire (五劫の擦り切れ) Kaijarisuigyo-no (海砂利水魚の) Suigyōmatsu Unraimatsu Fūraimatsu (水行末 雲来末 風来末) Kuunerutokoro-ni Sumutokoro (食う寝る処に住む処) Yaburakōji-no Burakōji (やぶら柑子のぶら柑子) Paipopaipo Paipo-no Shūringan (パイポパイポ パイポのシューリンガン) Shūringan-no Gūrindai (シューリンガンのグーリンダイ) Gūrindai-no Ponpokopī-no Ponpokonā-no (グーリンダイのポンポコピーのポンポコナーの) Chōkyūmei-no Chōsuke (長久命の長助) (the NHK version, partially replaced with kanji)

In one version of the tale, Jugemu got into a fight with a friend one day, and the friend suffered a large bump on his head. In protest, he went crying to Jugemu's parents. However, due to the amount of time it took to recite his name, by the time he finished, the bump on his head had already healed.

Another version states that Jugemu fell into a well and drowned; everyone who had to pass along the news spent a lot of time reciting his entire name. In yet another variant, Jugemu fell into a lake, and his parents barely arrived in time to save him.

Interpretation of Jugemu's name
Each part of Jugemu's name that the priest had suggested has an auspicious meaning:

 * Jugemu
 * "limitless life".

 * Gokō-no Surikire
 * "five of rubbing off (the rock)". In Japanese Buddhist lore, a heavenly maiden would visit the human world once in every three thousand years, leaving friction marks on a huge rock with her dress. Eventually, the rock would wear down to nothing in the span of one, or 4 billion ($4$) years. The priest thus blesses the child to live at least 20 billion ($2$) years, essentially for eternity.

 * Kaijarisuigyo
 * "gravel in the sea and fish in water". The amount of gravel and number of fish in the world is meant to represent the degree of the child's luck and fortune.

 * Suigyōmatsu
 * "where water eventually goes". Because water is free to go anywhere, the child is blessed with boundless well-being wherever he goes.

 * Unraimatsu
 * "where clouds originally come". Because clouds come from anywhere, this is similar to the above.

 * Fūraimatsu
 * "where wind originally comes". Similar to the above.

 * Kuunerutokoro
 * "places to eat and sleep". It is fortunate to have both food and shelter at any time.

 * Sumutokoro
 * "places to live". Same as above.

 * Yaburakōji-no burakōji
 * "Ardisia japonica (marlberry) bushes in Yabura Trail". The plant's modern Japanese name is, and it is considered to be imbued with energy year-round. has no inherent meaning, but is inferred to be  with the pluralizing  suffix.

 * Paipo, Shūringan, Gūrindai, Ponpokopī, Ponpokonā
 * These are invented names of a kingdom and royal family in Ancient China. Paipo was a rich and peaceful kingdom, where King Shūringan and Queen Gūrindai reigned. They gave birth to Princess Ponpokopī and Princess Ponpokonā, and all of them enjoyed longevity.

 * Chōkyūmei
 * "long and lasting life".

 * Chōsuke
 * "blessed for a long time".

History
Japanese folklore studies classify "Jugemu" as a variant of tale type The Child with a Long Name. In the English speaking world, children's literature of this type is known by the titles "Tikki Tikki Tembo" and "Nicki Nicki Tembo".

An early version of this type is "" ('Sunk down the waters for greed'), in a book of jokes published in 1703, created by comedian Yonezawa Hikohachi. In it, a stepmother renames her sons. The stepson whom she hates is given a short name, and her precious own son given a long. One day, falls into a river, but people swiftly rescue him. Another day, the mother's own son is swept by the river. She cries "Somebody, please! is drowning!", but the boy is lost to the river as no-one comes to save him due to the time it takes her to say his name. Both names are garbled forms of phrases taken from Sino-Japanese readings of Chinese Buddhist sutras. The punchline is a Japanese pun involving the word.

A book of horror stories published in 1805 contains "" ('A tale of a man who named his son with a strange name, and regretted it'). In it, a man wishes to name his first son with a unique and long name. He consults a Confucian scholar, who recommends the name. A tutor of Japanese poetry sneers at this, opposing such use of foreign language to name a Japanese's son. The tutor proposes, a traditional poem of good fortune. The scholar and the tutor starts quarrelling, so the father decides to make the name by himself. He solemnly declares it will be.

One day, the boy falls into a well. People panic to rescue the boy, but for every message they recite the long name. The boy dies, "blue and swollen".

The name by the Confucian is taken from a translated Chinese Confucian textbook about Great Learning. The poem that the tutor referred to, in its original form, is a palindrome of Japanese morae (similar to syllables). The story gives no explanation of the origin or meanings of "Tekitekini". The book was written by a storywriter and storyteller with pen name Tozuisha.

The name "Jugemu" appears in a 1884 magazine article, and the full story in a 1912 book. Another 1912 document suggests that the story of "Jugemu" may have existed by the mid-19th century.Biography of a rakugo performer Hayashiya Shōzō the Fifth (ja:林家正蔵). Published as a serial (literature) on a Japanese newspaper.
 * excerpts: Hayashiya Shōdō is now 89 years old. He recently changed his stage-name from Shōzō to Shōdō.
 * excerpts: When he was 18 years old (in East Asian age reckoning), he entered apprenticeship to rakugo master Hayashiya Shōzō the Second (ja:林家正蔵).
 * excerpts: He received a stage-name Shōkyō. His "Jigemu Jigemu" performance was good. Master Hayashiya Shōzō (the Second) was impressed, so adopted Shōkyō as a son.
 * excerpts: But Shōkyō became arrogant. When he was 22 years old (in East Asian age reckoning), during around the Ansei era, he ran away from Master.
 * excerpts: Years later, when Shōkyō came back, he found that Master Hayashiya Shōzō had already died in Ansei 5.
 * Notes (not in the text):
 * The article describes that Shōkyō runaway was in Ansei era, approximately 1855–1860 CE. However, this does not match with his age "22", which is calculated to be roughly around 1845 (1912 CE - 89 years old + 22 years old =1845 CE). But in either case, the article is suggesting that "Jigemu Jigemu" existed before 1860.
 * No information about the storyline of the said "Jigemu Jigemu".
 * Notes (not in the text):
 * The article describes that Shōkyō runaway was in Ansei era, approximately 1855–1860 CE. However, this does not match with his age "22", which is calculated to be roughly around 1845 (1912 CE - 89 years old + 22 years old =1845 CE). But in either case, the article is suggesting that "Jigemu Jigemu" existed before 1860.
 * No information about the storyline of the said "Jigemu Jigemu".

According to a memoire published in 1927, there was another performed around the 1880s. In it, the first child is named by a Shinto priest, but dies in infancy; the parents ask a Buddhist priest to name their second child. The name is  The name is taken from a dharani (Buddhist chants in Sanskrit) in Lotus Sutra chapter 26. One day the child falls into a well and drowns; the punchline is a black humor relating Buddhist chants to Japanese funerals. This version is titled "Nagana (長名)". By the mid-20th century, it was no longer performed.

"Jugemu" is performed not only in ( theaters), but also to other audiences and on mass media, especially for children.

"Jugemu" was on a 1926 newspaper's radio broadcast program, with the full name printed. There was another broadcast in 1932, this time for children, and the name printed on newspaper again. The story is told in children's magazines from as early as 1926. Even a prominent Japanese dictionary describes the full name, since its 1991 edition. Television stations broadcast it also in children's programs. In 2003, NHK children's TV program ("Let's play with Japanese language") featured a game of reciting the name from memory. The program proved popular. There were schools that make all pupils memorize and recite it.

Since 2005, several elementary school textbooks include "Jugemu".

Cultural references
Lakitu, the cloud-riding turtle-dropping enemy character of the Super Mario Bros. video game series is called 'Jugemu' in Japanese versions of the game. In a similar reference, the eggs Lakitu drop, which turn into Spinies, are referred to as 'Paipo' in Japan, despite only being referred to as "Spiny's Eggs" or "Spiny Eggs" in English. The spiked balls thrown by Spikes and blown in the air by Ptooies are called in another reference. Additionally, two Lakitus by the name of Lakilester and Lakilulu are named 'Pokopī' and 'Pokona' in the Japanese version of Paper Mario.

Jugemu's full name is quoted in the song "Jousha Hissui No Kotowari, Okotowari" (盛者必衰の理、お断り) by Japanese rock band KANA-BOON.

Jugemu (#40) is a colossal underground monster appearing to be only a tiny twig with a single leaf on the surface in the video game Star Ocean: Blue Sphere.

"Jugemu-jugemu gokōnosurikire sammy-davis broilerchicken" is the chant Sasami uses to turn into Pretty Sammy in the Japanese anime Magical Girl Pretty Sammy.

In a short included as a DVD extra for the Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood anime series, the character known only by the mononym "Scar" reveals he shares his name with Jugemu; the character King Bradley (who is known to have adopted the name Bradley, originally bearing only the moniker "Wrath") then reveals that it happens to be his real name as well (though Bradley's voice actor repeatedly misses the third "Paipo"). They continue saying it while preparing for battle, until Scar, in reciting the name, accidentally bites his tongue.

Gintama has a monkey whose full name also starts with "Jugemu Jugemu", known for his vulgar habits. Trying to find a middle ground, the main characters have adopted a very long name which included insults regarding feces, certain species of fish and squid, as well as references to Final Fantasy IV and the Japanese rock duo B'z.

Jugemu's full name is recited in the lyrics of, the ending theme to , a manga and anime about a troupe of female performers.

Lucy from Servant x Service also shares the similar fate as Jugemu (having a long name with a similar origin) and when she first reveals her name her co-workers remark that she is a "modern day Jugemu Jugemu".

In Capcom's Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney - Spirit of Justice (2016), case 4, "Turnabout Storyteller", contains multiple references to different, including Jugemu. At the beginning of the trial, the prosecutor Nahyuta Sahdmadhi is questioned about his knowledge on, and in response offers to read Jugemu, and begins the story, before being cut off by Athena Cykes in order to return focus to the trial at hand. A character appearing in the case, Geiru Toneido, also has a dog called Jugemu, named after the story. Later in the game, it is revealed that one of the game's antagonists, Inga Karkhuul Khura'in, in reality has a Jugemu-esque name: Inga Karkhuul Haw'kohd Dis'nahm Bi'ahni Lawga Ormo Pohmpus Da'nit Ar'edi Iz Khura'in III; his middle names are pronounced as "How could this name be any longer or more pompous than it already is?"

Jugemu's name is featured prominently in an episode of. Two of the main characters perform it for a kindergarten their son attends.

In Hatsune Miku: Project DIVA Arcade, Miku Flick/02, and Hatsune Miku: Project DIVA Future Tone, a Vocaloid producer named "Vocaliod-P" made a song named "Jugemu Sequencer" which was inspired by Jugemu. This song has reached the Hall of Fame.

In episode 21 of Kamen Rider Fourze, the club can be heard practicing Jugemu when JK and Ryusei come to speak to one of the members.

In episode 33 of Tropical-Rouge! Pretty Cure, the five main characters come up with new attack names. Instead of choosing one, they combine them all into a really long attack name with several words from Jugemu's full name being a part of it.

In Overlord, many members of the Goblin Troop are named after Jugemu Jugemu, such as "Gokou", "Unlai", and "Yaburo".

In the manga series Akane-banashi, the protagonist Akane, a trainee Rakugo performer, is challenged to win a Rakugo competition by performing the Jugemu story.

title: Jugemu


text:
Tokio (band)

Tokio is a Japanese rock/pop band formed by Johnny & Associates that debuted in 1994. It is made up of three men who were signed with Sony Music Entertainment from 1994 to 2001, with Universal Music Japan from 2001 to 2008, and are now signed under J Storm, a label owned by Johnny & Associates. In addition to their activities as a band, the members of Tokio also act in dozens of dramas and host variety programmes, both as a group and individually.

The group's name "Tokio" was the old English romanization for Japan's capital Tokyo, and remains the current transliteration in several European languages. Unlike most other bands under Johnny & Associates, where all of the band members are usually only vocalists, Tokio only has one main vocalist, a drummer, a guitarist, a bassist, and a keyboardist. Bassist Tatsuya Yamaguchi was kicked out of the band in May 2018 following a sexual harassment scandal involving a high-school-aged girl. Subsequently, less choreography is used in concerts and promotional videos, and their music is often more rock-centric.

Since their debut in 1994, they have sold about 9 million copies.

1989–1993: Formation
Like the members of SMAP, the members of Tokio performed as background dancers for the idol group Hikaru Genji mainly in the form of the back-dancing group Heikeha, which also involved members of the band V6. In 1989, guitarist Shigeru Joshima and bassist Tatsuya Yamaguchi discovered they both played instruments in their own bands and decided to form their own, practicing in private and unknown to the company, calling themselves Joshima Band, or "Joh Band" for short. At one point, they also called themselves 'JURIA', combining their names using Joshima's "J", "URI" from the melon-shape of Yamaguchi's face, and rhythm-guitarist member Takehito Asakura's "A". Eventually, Johnny accepted them as a band, giving them the name "Tokio Band". At this point, members included Joshima, Yamaguchi, and new support member, rhythm guitarist Kazuhisa Watanabe.

In 1990, the original Tokio was formed when Joshima was put together with drummer Masahiro Matsuoka and keyboardist Taichi Kokubun, both of whom had also joined Joshima and Yamaguchi in a few of their practices in the past. Rhythm guitarist and vocalist Hiromu Kojima joined the group soon after this. During this time, Joshima underwent negotiations with Johnny Kitagawa himself into allowing Yamaguchi to join the band, and soon he became an official member as well. Tomoya Nagase, another Junior vocalist who had been making more and more headlines, began appearing with the newly formed Tokio on occasion as a support member, which created a bit of odd tension as the group appeared in magazines and on the radio with five members, but on TV and live performances with six members. One of their first live tours included one with the band SAY・S and included all six members.

1994–1999: Debut and onward
In 1994, just before the release of the band's debut single, "Love You Only", founding member Hiromu Kojima was succeeded by Nagase following Kojima's departure. Their debut single was released on September 21, 1994. Two months later, on November 21, 1994, their debut and self-titled album, Tokio was released. Their very first performance after their debut was held on New Year's Eve at the 1994 NHK Kouhakutagassen.

Soon after the release of Tokio, the band's first remix album was released in 1995, titled Tokio Remix. In 1996, the band recorded the song "7 O'Clock News" to be used as the theme song for the anime version of Kodocha. Due to licensing issues however, the song was not used as the theme song for the North American release of the series. Also in 1996, the band's first compilation album was released, titled Best E.P Selection of Tokio.

Throughout the rest of the decade, Tokio released 18 more singles and four more studio albums: Bad Boys Bound, Blowing, Wild & Mild, and Graffiti. From 1997 and onwards, some of the band's singles were used as theme songs in television shows, usually drama shows. In 1997, "Furarete Genki" was used as the theme song to Psychometrer Eiji a drama Matsuoka starred in, and "Julia" was used as the theme song for Seiji No Mikata, a drama that starred Taichi Kokubun. In 1999, "Love & Peace" was used as the theme song to Love and Peace, another drama that Matsuoka starred in, and "Ai no Arashi" was used as the theme song for Psychometrer Eiji 2.

2000–2004: Rise in popularity
In early 2000, Tokio released the album Yesterday & Today. Following the release of the single "Doitsu Mo Koitsu Mo" in early 2001, Tokio switch recording labels from Sony Music Entertainment to UMG. From the following single, "Oh!Heaven" was the theme song for Tengoku ni Ichiban Chikai Otoko, a drama that starred Matsuoka, and "Hitoribotchino haburashi" was the theme song for Mukodono!, a drama starring Tomoya Nagase. From then on, the majority of subsequently released singles would be used as theme songs for dramas starring members of Tokio. In December 2001, the first album under Universal Music, 5 Ahead, was released.

In May 2001, Tokio released their second compilation album, titled Best EP Selection of Tokio II. Since the release of the single "Ding Dong / Glider" in late 2002, the promotional videos for Tokio songs are directed by Masahiro Matsuoka. 2003 saw the release of the seventh studio album, Glider in February. In 2003, "Ambitious Japan!" was used as the theme song for JR Central's Nozomi train services on the Tōkaidō & San'yō Shinkansen lines.

In 2004, Taichi Kokubun took a leave from Tokio to form the temporary music unit Toraji Haiji with KinKi Kids member Tsuyoshi Domoto. Together they recorded the theme song for the movie Fantastipo, in which they starred in. To commemorate the tenth anniversary of their debut, Tokio released their first cover album, TOK10 in September 2004. It became the band's first number-one album.

2005–2017: Established band
In February 2005, the tenth full-length album (not including compilation albums), Act II was released. They released the single "Ashita o Mezashite!" on December 7, 2005. Tomoya Nagase composed and co-arranged the single with his lyrics, making it their first single composed by a member of the group. In 2005, Tokio was selected to be the host for the Johnny's Countdown 2005-2006 concert, a yearly event that counts down to the New Year. In 2006, Tokio released the single "Sorafune", which sold over 400,000 copies and charted for over four months, making it their most successful single. The Tokio single "Get Your Dream" was used as the theme song in Japan for the 2006 FIFA World Cup. Later in 2006, the group released their longest studio album to date, Harvest, containing seventeen tracks and two remix tracks.

In 2008, Tokio's shortest album was released, titled Sugar. The seven-track album contains the three singles released in 2007. Also in 2008, the band changed recording labels for the second time, switching to J Storm, a label owned by Johnny & Associates. Subsequently, all albums, singles, and other releases previously released under Universal Music were re-released on June 24, 2009.

Their first release under the new label was the four-track single "Amagasa/Akireru Kurai Bokura wa Negaō" on September 3, 2008. "Amagasa" was composed by Ringo Shiina with her lyrics and was arranged by Tokyo Jihen. Tokio released another four-track single titled "Taiyō to Sabaku no Bara/Subeki Koto" on August 19, 2009. After releasing the single "Advance/Mata Asa ga Kuru" on February 3, 2010, they released the single "Haruka" on June 16, 2010. "Haruka" went on to become their first number-one since December 2007. On 11 August 2010, they released the single "NaNaNa (Taiyo Nante Irane)", written by Kōji Tamaki and arranged by Anzen Chitai. Next they released the single "Miageta Ryūsei", which was used as the theme song for Kōkōsei Restaurant, a drama starring Matsuoka. Ahead of the Plus tour, which ran from March to May 2011, Tokio released their first digital single, "Plus", on dwango.jp for a limited time.

On 22 August 2012, Tokio released their twelfth studio album titled 17, their first full-length album in six years. To support the album, the band embarked on the 1718 tour, which ran until September. Tokio's third compilation album, Heart, was released in July 2014. It included two new songs, "Heart" and "Kokoro", written by Nagase and Joshima. Heart went on to become the band's second number-one album. Tokio's final single, "Kumo", was released on 30 August 2017.

2018–present: Music hiatus
On 25 April 2018, news broke that Yamaguchi had been referred to prosecutors for allegedly kissing a girl against her will at his home in February 2018. On 6 May 2018, Johnny & Associates announced that they had terminated their contract with Yamaguchi. As a result of the scandal, Tokio indefinitely suspended all music activities.

In July 2020, Nagase announced that he was to leave the band to pursue his own endeavors. On 31 March 2021, he withdrew from Tokio and retired from the entertainment industry.

On 1 April 2021, the 3 remaining members established a new company called Tokio Co., Ltd., an affiliate to Johnny & Associates. Joshima was made the president of the company, while Kokubun and Matsuoka became the vice presidents. On 2 October 2023, it was informed that Joshima would become plenipotentiary president and CEO of the company, taking over the role held by Julie K. Fujishima. This was informed in the company's official site. Kokubun and Matsuoka remain as vicepresidents.

Band members

 * Current members
 * Shigeru Joshima (城島 茂) is the guitarist, vocalist and leader of Tokio. He was the original member, having founded the band in 1989.
 * Masahiro Matsuoka (松岡 昌宏) is the drummer and vocalist for the band, having joined in 1990.
 * Taichi Kokubun (国分 太一) is the keyboardist, pianist and vocalist. He joined in 1990.

 * Former members
 * Hiromu Kojima (小島 啓), like most of the other band members, joined in 1990, but left the band in 1994, just prior to their debut. He was the rhythm guitarist and lead vocalist, and was replaced by Tomoya Nagase.
 * Tatsuya Yamaguchi (山口 達也) was the bassist and vocalist for Tokio, who also joined in 1989. He left the band in 2018.
 * Tomoya Nagase (長瀬 智也) is the lead vocalist and guitarist. He is occasionally known for being the youngest member of the band. He is also an actor and has starred in numerous dramas, such as My Boss My Hero. Nagase was the last member to join Tokio, joining in 1994, but having made appearances with them before that. He was fifteen years old when the band debuted. He has announced in July 2020, that he was to leave the band to pursue his own endeavors.

Discography
Studio albums
 * Tokio (1994)
 * Bad Boys Bound (1995)
 * Blowing (1996)
 * Wild & Mild (1997)
 * Graffiti (1998)
 * Yesterday & Today (2000)
 * 5 Ahead (2001)
 * Glider (2003)
 * Act II (2005)
 * Harvest (2006)
 * Sugar (2008)
 * 17 (2012)

Compilation albums
 * Best E.P Selection of Tokio (1996)
 * Best EP Selection of Tokio II (2004)
 * Heart (2014)

Variety
Tokio hosted TOKIO Kakeru (TOKIOカケル) (October 2012-September 2023), Mentore G (メントレG) (1999–2008) and 5LDK (2008–2012), and currently TokiTabi (トキタビ) (which replaced Kakeru in October 2023), all variety shows. On March 4, 2024, it was announced that TokiTabi would end its run due to the network's spring schedule reorganization. Tokio members have also performed in other variety shows both as a group, such as on Tetsuwan Dash (ザ!鉄腕!DASH!!), as well as individually. Below is a list of individual performances:
 * Brain Power Expedition Quiz! Homunculus (脳力探険クイズ! ホムクル) – Taichi Kokubun (with regular guest Shigeru Joshima)
 * Love Apron (愛のエプロン) – Shigeru Joshima
 * Leaders's How To Book (リーダー'S ハウ トゥ Book) – Shigeru Joshima
 * OneeMANS (おネエMANS) – Tatsuya Yamaguchi
 * R30 – Taichi Kokubun
 * The Shounen Club Premium (ザ少年倶楽部プレミアム) – Taichi Kokubun
 * Kaitai-Shin Show (解体新ショー) – Taichi Kokubun
 * Aura no Izumi (オーラの泉) – Taichi Kokubun
 * Ninkimono de Ikou! (人気者でいこう！) – Shigeru Joshima

Commercials
As of November 2013, Tokio is involved in a nationwide advertising campaign promoting rice from Fukushima Prefecture.

title: Tokio (band)