text:
Talk:History of South America

RfC: The immediate future of this article

 * The following discussion is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

I have made a considerable number of edits on this article and am not finished yet. I've expanded the existing sections and have added a lot of new references.

However, it is another user's opinion that this article should be 'nuked' and started again.

I disagree with this opinion and believe that with more editors collaborating on the article, it could be very good.

I realise that it WP:TNT is not practical here, but substantial rewriting can be done.still needs a lot of work, but by repeatedly stating 'nuke the article' (,, , & ) other editors could be dissuaded from contributing.

(Previous discussion: I have already given some explanations to this article's criticisms on my talk page.)

For this reason I am inviting comments. How do we go forward?

Kind regards -- Marek . 69    talk  02:11, 1 April 2016 (UTC)

 * Clarification to some of the other text in this RfC: I'm going to try to roll back for now from the current version to the latest pre-expansion version  pending consensus for change, so any comments before April 11 may be talking about a completely different version of the article than the current one. Rolf H Nelson (talk) 05:27, 12 April 2016 (UTC)

 * I plan to soon start writing a new article altogether for this subject, but I am not against attempts at making this current giant into a readable one. At this point, I doubt this article can leave a reader with anything other than an impression of the grand magnitude of South American history. While that in and of itself is not wrong, it is not the point of an encyclopedic article that seeks to make the information easy to process for anyone. Simply put, I consider that Wikipedia should not only be "the encyclopedia that anyone can edit," but rather also (and most importantly) "the encyclopedia that anyone can read."
 * There really is nothing tricky about creating a good history article of South America. As Maunus pointed out, the Cambridge History of Latin America already has taken that challenge and done a good job at it. We really only need to follow their format, in a less specialized manner, directing readers in the right direction if they want to learn more about a particular subject (instead of jamming it down their throat like, for example, the present emphasis on indigenous Pre-Columbian civilizations).
 * I hope this helps. Thank you for doing your best in improving this article.-- MarshalN20 T al k 02:38, 1 April 2016 (UTC)

 * 3O request Marek, I noticed you posted a third opinion request. That process actually applies only to disputes with two editors, where no other dispute resolution process is current, neither of which is true here; but since you have begun an RfC, here's my thoughts on that.

 * After skimming this article, I do not believe that WP:TNT applies here. The article is far too large, poorly structured, and frequently poorly sourced; but there is enough decent stuff here worth saving. The section on European diseases seems useful, as does some of the prehistory section. It seems like everybody on this page is in agreement that the article is too long; surely you could discuss what should be trimmed, and focus on that? The sections on indigenous people are clearly too long, and the sections on wars of independence too, possibly. Regards, Vanamonde93 (talk) 03:35, 1 April 2016 (UTC)
 * I agree with above. WP:TNT is too much work and for no good reason. Think of all the people that edited the article for all these years, all of that would go to waste. Let's focus on what needs to be done. I'd love to help. Best, FoCuS  contribs ;  talk to me!  22:35, 3 April 2016 (UTC)

PS: Reverting to before the expansion, and starting with that to compress any material from mid-March earlier that was also just copy-paste dumping, so it's a WP:SUMMARY treatment instead of duplication is probably the way to go, and then see what needs to be covered that isn't.  — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  14:30, 14 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Comment: WP:TNT is not practical here, but substantial rewriting can be done. I find that it's generally best to do this in a sandbox page (e.g. Talk:History of South America/sandbox), and to keep track of intervening edits and integrate them during the process, then propose replacing the original with the redrafted page (again keeping new constructive material in the interim).  It can be extremely challenging to redraft a complex article "live", because if every intermediate step in the process is not itself an obvious improvement, it's apt to be reverted.  That said, the sandbox process can also fail, if one attempts to remove sourced material, introduce a PoV, or otherwise not actually improve the original.  If you elect to take the in situ approach, I find that the best strategy is to restructure/re-outline the material with as few content changes as possible, implement the new structure, then start improving it section-by-section in as orderly a fashion as possible. Hope that helps, and good luck. :-)  And, yes, for an article of this scope rely heavily on WP:SUMMARY and WP:SPINOFF. This article should not attempt to be a history book on South America in every detail from the dawn of time, but a kind of "portal" page to our whole collection of more specific articles on south America, woven into an overview summary, a general timeline.  — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  08:44, 6 April 2016 (UTC)

 * Strongly against Marek's expansion. There's nothing that violates Wikipedia policy in Marek's added text (pending added citations), but IMHO organizationally the text doesn't belong in this article. IMHO the topic is too naturally diffuse for Marek's level of detail, and should instead follow the other "History of continent X" articles. I think some of the other commenters here might not realize the expansion never got WP:CONSENSUS, and so the onus is on anyone who wants to keep the expansion to establish that it's a good idea. Rolf H Nelson (talk) 05:27, 12 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Comment - I'm not sure what consensus has to do with whether or not someone should expand things. This article needed expanding from what I looked at, and in comparing it to the Africa, Asia, and Europe articles, etc... But the expansion was not done well either and that's why we find ourselves here. The article was just reverted back to it's original woeful state from an expanded woeful state. I like SMcCandlish's idea of moving a copy of the article to Talk:History of South America/sandbox and working on it from there. We need to look at the other continent history articles to see what framework works best and decide on all or most of the headings. Get those sections nailed down and work on it section by section. The more people editing, the more sections can be done at the same time. But as an individual editor, try and stay focused on getting one section done well. If that section gets a thumbs up, then add it to the main article. If another country article tells it well and in detail, then summarize, link, and move on. But source source source. Other than the lead, if you see three sentences in row with no outside sources, warning lights should be going off. Anyways, just a comment. Fyunck(click) (talk) 06:45, 14 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Starting over from scratch would be the best way to improve the article since most of the content is both poorly written and off-topic, and badly organized. However probably noone is going to do that, because it would take a lot of reading and a lot of writing. The question then is whether it would be better to have a stub article with almost no content or to have the article in its current state. I think a stub would be better, because by its sheer length people will be discouraged from trying to substantially improving it - both because the length makes it look like it is well-developed and because most people will simply be copyediting the problematic text instead of starting with the larger content problems. This to me is why this is one of the cases where a sloppy expansion is actually worse than no work at all.·maunus · snunɐɯ· 11:30, 14 April 2016 (UTC)
 * I don't believe WP:TNT would be a good way to proceed here. The article is too long (way too long), sure, but it's not something a bit of trimming by an interested, dedicated editor can't fix. There is plenty of good material in the text; it would be a waste to discard everything and start over, especially with an article covering such a significant subject. Replacing everything with a stub is simply counter-productive; for one, I'd imagine our readers would rather sift through redundant material than be left with a meaningless stub, and then there is a question of subsequent expansion. What's to prevent that stub to grow into an even worse mess than it is perceived to be today?—Ëzhiki (Igels Hérissonovich Ïzhakoff-Amursky) • (yo?); April 14, 2016 ; 13:35 (UTC)
 * The length is not the problem. The problem is that the content (before the recent reversion) was mostly unorganized off-topic copypaste dump from other articles. "it might get even worse next time" is a really poor argument for not removing problematic content.·maunus · snunɐɯ· 13:57, 14 April 2016 (UTC)

 * Which is why you develop a replacement in a sandbox. There's not need to start the live page at the stub state.  — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  14:28, 14 April 2016 (UTC)

 * asked me about this on my user page ... I'm not sure why, since I don't think I've edited this and don't know much about it. I glanced briefly over both versions and see that they both are packed with information, but both have kind of a random structure.  I think the root of problems with revising and splitting articles is almost always in bad structure, and the key here is to come up with a top level design.  My feeling is that when you start off with pre-Columbian tribes, you're already on the wrong foot when you don't stratify them by date.  Because then there's no flow.  The tribes also seem treated like they're ancient history, even as we have lots of photos of very living people.  So what you should do, I think, is go through the major events in history from before colonization in chronological order, and continue that after colonization.  Say when cultures rose and fell, using their rise as a chance to explain a little bit (not too much) about them - deferring any leftover content to the more relevant article.  Then go through the European contact the same way, explaining plagues, attacks, and other events in chronological order also.  In the end, apart from "necessary background", this should feel a bit like a timeline.  And that way the large amount of content can be split out conservatively by having separate articles about pieces of the timeline that are summarized here. Wnt (talk) 04:14, 15 April 2016 (UTC)

 * (Also pinged on my talk page) I agree with SMcCandlish, in general. A broad "history of" article like this ought to be so pared-down it's effectively an index rather than an article, and consist of very brief summaries and heavy use of the main template, otherwise it becomes unmanageably large. Remember, a lot of people are reading these things on four-inch phone screens. ‑ Iridescent 12:00, 16 April 2016 (UTC)
 * (Also pinged on my talk page for no reason that is clear to me) Overall, I think Marek's expansion is good. The article was woefully short, Marek's expanded version does not look too long to me. If there are NPOV issues or some content is removed without explanation, we can discuss the specific sections, but the argument that the new (Marek's) article is too long or badly structured doesn't hold much water with me - looking at it seems to me better (more comprehensive, about as organized and not too long) compared to . --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| reply here  03:39, 17 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Hi Piotrus, thank you for the feedback. To be fair, both articles (mainspace and sandbox) have been edited and changed considerably since this RfC discussion started. The reason I pinged numerous users was that there wasn't much response from the original Legobot RfC notification, so I notified people who had expressed opinions on RfC's before, those registered on Feedback request service and persons who had edited this article historically. I deliberately chose a selection of random active Wikipedia editors, rather than constructing a list from people I know, or know to have similar opinions to me, which would not have been useful here at all. My only interest is improving this article, I have no POV or agenda to push. Kind regards -- Marek . 69    talk  14:41, 17 April 2016 (UTC)
 * All is cool, I was mildly curious why I was chosen, but I think it was a good choice - as in, the two of us have no close ties, and I am interested in history and in helping with such discussions. Good luck with the expansion. --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| reply here 05:01, 18 April 2016 (UTC)

 * The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

Suggestions on what should be trimmed
I am still trimming/improving this article. Its current size (text only) is 92 kB (14738 words) "readable prose size" (calculated by User:Dr pda/prosesize.js)

Please list constructive suggestions on where this article needs to be trimmed and I shall endeavour to do so -- Marek . 69    talk  04:45, 1 April 2016 (UTC)

I've taken your advice and created Talk:History of South America/sandbox. Maybe editors could make trims/edits there. -- Marek . 69    talk  20:54, 8 April 2016 (UTC)
 * The more I look at it, the more it looks like so much detail can be merged to other, more specific articles. This is also true of History of Europe (180 K) and History of Africa (171 K). History of North America is 37 K, and much more readable, though it only covers three modern countries.  The approach taken at History of Asia (aside from someone replacing the map image with something random) is probably the right model for all of these; it is 61 K, but covers the world's largest, most populous, and most country-divided continent.  — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  22:25, 8 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Except that after the Medieval period the article only covers Chinese history. That would be equivalent to reducing the post colonial history of Latin America to only the history of Brazil.·maunus · snunɐɯ· 14:03, 14 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Well, so it might end up 70K or so.  — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  14:23, 14 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Really the bitsize is irrelevant, the article clearly has scope to be as large as our largest articles. But this is only the case if someone actually write the article with an eye to how different aspects of content should be weighted and not simply builds it as a patchwork of copypaste scraps from random articles about South America. The problem is the quality. If quality is low we dont want a lot of it. If quality is high then we want more.·maunus · snunɐɯ· 14:30, 14 April 2016 (UTC)
 * I removed a few parts that did not pertain to South America. I would suggest that the prehistory should be reduced/split and that the native South American Peoples section be split off.  The historical material may warrant duplication, but a lot of it is contemporary.
 * AS the comment in the lead says, several articles have here been merged, perhaps not appropriately.
 * All the best: Rich Farmbrough, 11:59, 9 April 2016 (UTC).

 * Content cant be merged or split to those articles because almost all of the content is directly copypasted from those articles in the first place.·maunus · snunɐɯ· 14:01, 14 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Which is no way to summarize. I agree with the big revert below.  The article should be expanded in coverage properly per WP:SUMMARY style, which means densely abstracting, not duplicating.  — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  14:25, 14 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Yep.·maunus · snunɐɯ· 14:35, 14 April 2016 (UTC)

My first observations, on reading through both the March edit that is the current version, and Marek's sandbox:

(1) Most of the 'Native American people' section should go: it's better split into general areas (Andean highlands, Amazon basin, etc.) and to concentrate on where the people lived, and their agriculture, customs and archaeology. Splitting it into countries which didn't exist at the time doesn't make a lot of sense, especially as many of the cultures were spread over more than one modern-day country, and anyway a lot of what is contained in each section is statistics on current population numbers and percentage of the overall population... that isn't history and is better off staying in the relevant 'Demographics of (country)' articles.

(2) Likewise, the independence section should be a general overview of the conditions that led to revolution rather than a country by country basis – again, as many of the countries didn't exist before independence it doesn't make sense to write about it on a country by country basis... for example, it would be better to talk about Simón Bolívar and the independence battles in the north-west of the continent and the eventual creation of Nueva Granada/Gran Colombia, rather than Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador and Panama separately. By the way, Marek, you have duplicated the paragraph on the independence of Colombia for the independence of Peru as well... I assume that was just a copy and paste error.

(3) Various sections concentrate on Brazil at the expense of the rest of the continent, e.g. slavery, which obviously was not confined to the Portuguese colonisers. I understand that it may be easier to find sources regarding Brazil's slavery issues than other countries, but then this section should be shortened and generalised, with Brazil as an example.

(4) The short 'Politics' section' at the end is superfluous: most of it is already covered in the previous two paragraphs 'A turn to the left' and 'The "pink tide"', and it could easily be merged. Richard3120 (talk) 16:15, 14 April 2016 (UTC)

 * Hi, thank you for the feedback. I have further trimmed the article (in the sandbox), which now stands at:
 * Prose size (text only): 64 kB (10156 words) "readable prose size" (according to User:Dr_pda/prosesize.js, as of 00:50 UTC 16 April 2016)
 * Kind regards -- Marek . 69    talk  23:57, 15 April 2016 (UTC)

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 * ✅ Richard3120 (talk) 21:12, 10 July 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:History of South America


text:
Attica (village), New York

Attica is a village in Wyoming and Genesee counties, New York, United States. The population was 2,547 at the 2010 census.

The village is on the northern border of Wyoming County. The village lies mostly within the town of Attica, but the northern part of the village is within the adjacent town of Alexander in Genesee County.

History
In 1802, Zerah Phelps became the first European-American landowner in the Attica area, which had for centuries been part of territory of the Seneca Nation, one of the Five Nations of the Iroquois Confederacy. As allies of the British, they were mostly forced out of New York after the American Revolution, when the Crown ceded control of its territory to the new United States.

He built and owned a gristmill, and was also the first business owner in Attica. By 1810 the settlement had grown into a town., Malaria and plague drove the settlers to higher ground. During the War of 1812, many people fled to this area from Buffalo, which was vulnerable to British attack from the Great Lakes.

In 1837, Phelps' Settlement was incorporated, becoming the village of Attica. The village is named after a region in Greece.

In 1854, Dr. Orin Davis established a health institute to which people from around the country traveled for treatment. In 1883, Eugene Norton created what became known as the Pineapple Cheese Factory. In 1918 the company's molds and patents were sold to the Kraft Cheese Company. The Stevens family has bred and raised thoroughbred livestock. One of their horses took first prize at the World's Fair. Agriculture remains an important element of community culture and economy.

As New York State began to expand its penal system, a group of citizens worked to get a state prison in the town of Attica, as employment opportunities were limited in the rural area. In March 1929, roughly 700 acre south of the village were acquired for the prison, and construction began in October. After two years the first inmates were transferred to Attica.

Geography
The village of Attica is located in the northern part of the town of Attica in Wyoming County at 42.865°N, -78.27694°W (42.865138, -78.276885). The village limits extend north into the town of Alexander in Genesee County. According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 4.4 sqkm, all land.

Tonawanda Creek, a tributary of the Niagara River, flows northward through the center of the village. New York State Route 98 passes through the village along the west side of Tonawanda Creek, leading north 11 mi to Batavia and south 27 mi to Arcade. New York State Route 238 (Main Street) passes through the center of Attica, leading southeast 13 mi to Warsaw and northwest 4 mi to U.S. Route 20 in Darien. New York State Route 354 (West Main Street) leads west from Attica 33 mi to Buffalo.

Climate
The warmest temperatures in Attica typically occur in July and August. The highest temperature recorded near Attica is 103 °F in July 1936. The lowest ever recorded was -28 °F in February 1934. Snowfall is typically from November through March. The highest recorded snowfall amount is 23 inches in January 1966. In December 2012, the area experienced heavy snowfall as part of the late December 2012 North American storm complex. During this time, approximately 15 to 17 inches of snow was dropped in record time.

Demographics
As of the census of 2000, there were 2,597 people, 1,072 households, and 709 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,542.8 PD/sqmi. There were 1,158 housing units at an average density of 687.9 /sqmi. The racial makeup of the village was 98.81% White, 0.15% African American, 0.35% Native American, 0.15% Asian, 0.12% from other races, and 0.42% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.62% of the population.

There were 1,072 households, out of which 33.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.3% were married couples living together, 13.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.8% were non-families. 29.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.42 and the average family size was 3.00.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 25.8% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 29.8% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $40,234, and the median income for a family was $47,049. Males had a median income of $35,729 versus $22,007 for females. The per capita income for the village was $18,732. About 6.9% of families and 9.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.4% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those age 65 or over.

Annual cultural events
In 1957, the Attica Rodeo and Show Association was formed. Every year a rodeo is held at the grounds in Attica, and it has been voted best rodeo by the American Professional Rodeo Association.

Tourism
The Exchange Street Historic District, Augustus A. Smith House and U.S. Post Office are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Education
The Attica Central School District (ACSD) serves the village. The physical campuses of the ACSD include Attica Senior High School, Attica Junior High School, and Prospect Elementary, Sheldon Elementary is no longer in use.

Higher education in the area is available at Genesee Community College, with its main campus located just north of Attica in nearby Batavia. Additional colleges and universities nearby include Monroe Community College, State University of New York at Brockport, University at Buffalo, and University of Rochester.

State institutions
Attica Correctional Facility and Wyoming Correctional Facility are located south of the village in the Town of Attica.

Notable people

 * Parmenio Adams (1776–1832), U.S. congressman from New York, lived here
 * Charles B. Benedict (1828–1901), congressman from New York, lived here
 * George Gilbert Hoskins (1824–1893), congressman from New York and lieutenant governor of New York, lived here
 * Harold C. Ostertag (1896–1985), congressman from New York, born here
 * James O. Putnam (1793–1855), U.S. congressman from New York and New York state senator, lived here
 * James Edward Quigley (1854–1915), Bishop of Buffalo and Archbishop of Chicago, lived here
 * Leo Richard Smith (1905–1963), Bishop of Ogdensburg, born here
 * Frederick C. Stevens (1856–1916), New York state senator, born here
 * Robert S. Stevens (1824–1893), congressman from New York, born here

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Attica (village), New York


text:
Chapel Hill

Chapel Hill or Chapelhill may refer to:

Antarctica

 * Chapel Hill (Antarctica)

Australia

 * Chapel Hill, Queensland, a suburb of Brisbane
 * Chapel Hill, South Australia, in the Mount Barker council area

Canada

 * Chapel Hill, Ottawa, a neighbourhood of Ottawa

Ireland

 * Chapelhill (townland), in County Laois

United Kingdom

 * Chapel Hill, Lincolnshire, England
 * Chapel Hill, Monmouthshire, Wales
 * Chapel Hill, North Yorkshire, England

United States

 * Chapel Hill, Alabama (disambiguation)
 * Chapel Hills Mall, Colorado Springs, Colorado
 * Chapel Hill, Indiana
 * Chapel Hill, Indianapolis, a neighborhood on the west side of Indianapolis, Indiana
 * Chapel Hill Historic District (Cumberland, Maryland), listed on the NRHP in Allegany County
 * Chapel Hill, New Jersey, an unincorporated community
 * Chapel Hill Bible Church, Marlboro, New York, listed on the NRHP in Ulster County
 * Chapel Hill, North Carolina, a town
 * Chapel Hill Historic District (Chapel Hill, North Carolina), listed on the NRHP in Orange County
 * Chapel Hill Town Hall, listed on the NRHP in Orange County, North Carolina
 * Old Chapel Hill Cemetery, listed on the NRHP in Orange County, North Carolina
 * University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, a university within the town
 * West Chapel Hill Historic District, North Carolina
 * Chapel Hill, a neighborhood centered on Chapel Hill Mall in Akron, Ohio
 * Chapel Hill, Tennessee, a town
 * Chapel Hill Cumberland Presbyterian Church, Chapel Hill, Tennessee, listed on the NRHP in Marshall County
 * Chapel Hill (Berryville, Virginia), listed on the NRHP in Clarke County
 * Chapel Hill (Lexington, Virginia), listed on the NRHP in Rockbridge County
 * Chapel Hill (Mint Spring, Virginia), listed on the NRHP in Augusta County

Music

 * "Chapel Hill", a song by John Craigie from the album October is the Kindest Month
 * "Chapel Hill", a song by Sonic Youth from the album Dirty

title: Chapel Hill


text:
Princes Highway

Princes Highway is a major road in Australia, extending from Sydney via Melbourne to Adelaide through the states of New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia. It has a length of 1941 km (along Highway 1) or 1898 km via the former alignments of the highway, although these routes are slower and connections to the bypassed sections of the original route are poor in many cases.

The highway follows the coastline for most of its length, and thus takes quite an indirect and lengthy route. For example, it is 1040 km from Sydney to Melbourne on Highway 1 as opposed to 870 km on the more direct Hume Highway (National Highway 31), and 915 km from Melbourne to Adelaide compared to 730 km on the Western and Dukes Highways (National Highway 8). Because of the rural nature and lower traffic volumes over much of its length, Princes Highway is a more scenic and leisurely route than the main highways between these major cities.

New South Wales
Princes Highway starts at the junction of Broadway (Great Western Highway) and City Road in the Sydney suburb of Chippendale. City Road in fact forms the first section of the highway, and becomes King Street, Newtown, also part of Princes Highway. Where King Street ends at Sydney Park Road, Princes Highway continues in its own right.

The highway in this section is constructed as a six-lane divided carriageway, other than along King Street (four-lane undivided) and along the western edge of the Royal National Park, where it is built as four-lane dual carriageway.

The only major engineering structures along its route are the twin Tom Uglys Bridge across Georges River. The northbound bridge is of steel truss construction, opened in 1929, whilst the southbound bridge is of prestressed concrete girders, opened in 1987.

It runs through Sydney's southern suburbs (the St George area and Sutherland Shire), via Kogarah, Sutherland and Engadine to the village of Waterfall.

South of Waterfall the highway is paralleled by the 55 km Princes Motorway (national route M1) to the top of Bulli Pass outside the city of Wollongong, which carries the majority of traffic. The Princes Highway then enters the northern suburbs of Wollongong and the Illawarra region via the Bulli Pass, whilst Mount Ousley Road, which is designated as part of national route 1, bypasses Wollongong's northern suburbs to meet the Princes Highway at, and carries inter-city traffic. Where Mount Ousley Road enters Wollongong, the Princes Motorway branches off Mount Ousley Road, and parallels the highway through the suburbs of Wollongong to.

The Mount Ousley Road-Princes Motorway route is the inter-city and main urban arterial through Wollongong's southern suburbs, whereas the Princes Highway acts as a local arterial.

From the interchange with the Princes Motorway at Yallah, the Princes Highway continues through the bypassed Albion Park Rail before reaching the southern terminus of the motorway at the Oak Flats interchange. From Oak Flats, the Princes Highway is dual carriageway, mostly of freeway standard, with the exception of the Kiama bends at Kiama Heights.

The highway then travels along the upgraded sections through Gerringong and Foxground before bypassing the town of Berry, where the highway follows larger gradients, compared to the flat terrain the Illawarra railway line follows immediately to the east.

Beyond Mullers Lane, Berry, the highway is a single two lane carriageway to Cambewarra Road,. Construction is underway for the duplication of the highway from Mullers Lane to Cambewarra Road and is expected to be completed in 2022.

From Cambewarra Road the highway is four lane divided through Bomaderry and to near the junction with Warra Warra Road in South Nowra. Duplication to dual carriageway standard of a 6 km length south from here to Forest Road was scheduled for completion in early 2014, following a three-month cessation of work while measures were put in place to protect a hitherto unknown area of habitat of the endangered green and golden bell frog. Beyond this section is 4 km of four lane single carriageway from Forest Road to the junction with Jervis Bay Road.

From Jervis Bay Road southward the highway is mostly single two lane carriageway along the NSW South Coast, passing through Ulladulla, Batemans Bay (where the 1 km town centre bypass is built as dual carriageway), Moruya, Narooma, then bypassing Bega and Merimbula and passing through Eden, before crossing the border at the Black-Allen Line into Victoria, 550 km from Sydney and 515 km from Melbourne.

A substandard alignment at Victoria Creek 13 km south of was upgraded in 2012–13, as well as the 3.5 km Bega bypass. Realignments with associated new bridges are also proposed at Termeil Creek, some 30 km south of Ulladulla, and Dignams Creek, some 20 km south of Narooma. Current identified future projects are a bypass of Nowra-Bomaderry (definite route identified only for section south of Shoalhaven River), and a bypass of Ulladulla-Milton.

In 2007 the NRMA claimed Princes Highway was a dangerous road with ten fatalities and 729 people injured on the highway between Sydney and the state border in 2006.

Victoria
In Victoria, Princes Highway follows a very long and complex route. The route within metropolitan Melbourne carries the original individual names of sections of Princes Highway on signage. Each road section has Princes Highway labelled in bold and the individual name in brackets, such as Dandenong Road or Geelong Road.

Apart from the routes Alt National Route 1, C101 and C109 (in the outer metropolitan areas – such as Berwick and Werribee), the M1 Freeway route intersects (Monash Freeway/CityLink/West Gate Freeway/Princes Freeway) and this carries the much higher volume of traffic, including congestion in the peak periods, serving as the major, most direct and quickest route for Route 1 in Australia.

In Victoria the length from the South Australian border to the New South Wales border is 955 km. The highway passes (from east to west) through Orbost, Bairnsdale and Sale in the Gippsland region. The highway then passes through the Latrobe Valley, bypassing Morwell, Warragul and Pakenham to Dandenong and into the south-eastern suburbs of Melbourne. Most of this section is freeway standard, with the main outstanding work being a freeway bypass of Traralgon, although the highway through Traralgon has already been built to urban dual carriageway standard.

Through much of Melbourne and its suburbs, the designation of National Route 1 is not along Princes Highway, but rather Monash Freeway, which intersects the Princes Highway on the eastern outskirts of Melbourne, then the southern link of the CityLink tollway, and then West Gate Freeway which bypasses central Melbourne. This avoids the confusing and congested arrangement of roads that is the Princes Highway in central Melbourne. The M1 include an advanced freeway management system for its entire 75 km urban length, between Narre Warren and Werribee. Along with freeway sensors and associated data stations, overhead lane use management system (LUMS) gantries that show speed and lane availability, electronic message boards, real-time drive time signs and arterial road real-time Information signs (before the on-ramps); there are the 64+ ramp signal and metering sites. Hence, the majority of the on-ramps are traffic light controlled, depending on the density and speed of the traffic.

Heading towards Geelong in a south-west direction, the West Gate Freeway and Geelong Road join and become the Princes Freeway. Which, unusually for an Australian inter-city freeway, carries enough traffic to merit four to three lanes in either direction (often still being congested in the morning and afternoon peaks). On the northern outskirts of Geelong, the highway reverts from freeway to three lane dual carriageway through Geelong and its suburbs, with traffic light-controlled at-grade intersections. Through Geelong the highway is often heavily congested.

With the completion of the freeway standard Geelong Ring Road during 2008–9, the M1 route follows the freeway-standard road from Winchelsea to Traralgon, without encountering any traffic lights (with the exception of Yarragon and Trafalgar, which are yet to be bypassed). The ring road rejoins the original highway at Waurn Ponds on the western edge of Geelong.

Within Geelong, Princes Highway starts at the junction of Princes Freeway in the northern Geelong suburb of Corio, and runs through Geelong's northern and southern suburbs via an inner-city western bypass of the Geelong City Centre, to the current Highway 1 segment of the Princes Highway at Waurn Ponds in Geelong's southern suburbs. The highway is six lane dual carriageway from Corio to Latrobe Terrace, continuing as a four-lane dual carriageway to Waurn Ponds. The 1989 re-alignment of Princes Highway (along La Trobe Terrace) provides a dual carriageway, four-lane limited access road to replace the original route along Moorabool Street in South Geelong and High Street in Belmont. Upon the completion of the final section of the Geelong Ring Road, another section of the Princes Highway was superseded in 2013 at Waurn Ponds.

After Geelong the highway heads in a generally western direction, continuing with the 'M1' designation as a dual carriageway road to Winchelsea (opened 2015). West of Winchelsea, the road is presently being reconstructed to dual carriageway standard, passing through Colac, before reaching Camperdown - ultimately reaching the port of Warrnambool. The section from Geelong to Warrnambool runs inland, and so avoids the slower, but scenic Great Ocean Road. From here, Princes Highway passes through Portland before crossing the border into South Australia. At this point the highway is 1530 km from Sydney, 465 km from Melbourne and 510 km from Adelaide.

South Australia
At Mount Gambier the highway takes a more northward tack as the coast curves to the northwest, passing the Coorong National Park. After Kingston SE, it turns inland (north) to avoid the lakes at the mouth of the River Murray. Shortly before Tailem Bend it is joined by Dukes Highway, part of the main route between Melbourne and Adelaide. The highway then turns north-west and becomes South Eastern Freeway, crosses the Murray River, bypasses Murray Bridge and continues to Glen Osmond on Adelaide's southeastern outskirts.

At this point, Princes Highway is 6 km from Adelaide and 2055 km from Sydney. It continues north-west via Glen Osmond Road to eventually terminate just south of the Adelaide city centre.

History
The section of Princes Highway between West Helensburgh and Bulli Tops was the original coastal route between Sydney and Wollongong, first used in 1843. From Bulli Tops this route continued south along today's Mount Ousley Road as far south as Mount Keira Road, and then followed Mount Keira Road around the west of Mount Keira. This route replaced the inland route from Sydney via to Bulli Tops.

As a named route, the highway came into being when pre-existing roads were renamed Prince's Highway after the planned visit to Australia by the Prince of Wales (later to become king Edward VIII and, after abdicating, the Duke of Windsor) in 1920. The original submissions in January 1920 were in order for the Prince to have the opportunity during his visit to make the trip from Melbourne to Sydney overland along the route. Different routes were considered, including the inland route via. That idea never came to fruition, due partly to the limited amount of time and the cost of upgrading the road to a suitable standard for him to undertake the trip. The Prince did, however, give his permission for the naming.

The highway had opening ceremonies in both New South Wales and Victoria during 1920. The first section of road from Melbourne was opened on 10 August in Warragul. The road from Sydney was opened in Bulli on 19 October, by the NSW Minister for Local Government, Thomas Mutch.

Within Victoria, the passing of the Country Roads Act of 1912 through the Parliament of Victoria provided for the establishment of the Country Roads Board (later VicRoads) and their ability to declare Main Roads, taking responsibility for the management, construction and care of the state's major roads from local municipalities. (Main) Gippsland Road was declared a Main Road over a period of months, from 10 November 1913 (Longwarry through Drouin to Warragul), 1 December 1913 (Mulgrave through Dandenong and Pakenham to Longwarry, and Warragul through Moe, Morwell and Traralgon to Rosedale), 2 February 1914 (Rosedale through Sale and Stratford to Bairnsdale), to 23 March 1914 (Prahran through Oakleigh and Mulgrave to Clayton); Orbost-Genoa Road from Orbost via Cann River to Genoa, and Swan Reach-Cunninghame Road from Bairnsdale via Swan Reach to Lakes Entrance, were declared Main Roads on 23 March 1914; and lastly, Genoa-Eden Road from Genoa to the interstate border with New South Wales and Eden beyond, was declared a Main Road on 7 September 1914; all were renamed in August 1920. {Melbourne-) Geelong Road was declared a Main Road from Footscray via Werribee and Little River to Corio on 30 December 1913; Geelong-Colac Road from Geelong to Waurn Ponds, Geelong-Warrnambool Road from Waurn Ponds via Colac and Terang to Warnambool, Warrnambool-Port Fairy Road from Warrnambool to Port Fairy, were declared Main Roads on 16 March 1914, and Port Fairy-Portland Road from Port Fairy to Portland was declared a Main Road on 16 November 1914; before approval was given by the Victorian executive in January 1922 to extend Princes Highway west from Melbourne through Geelong, Camperdown, Warrnambool and Portland to the South Australian border. The passing of the Highways and Vehicles Act of 1924 provided for the declaration of State Highways, roads two-thirds financed by the State government through the Country Roads Board. Prince's Highway was declared a State Highway on 1 July 1925, traversing the whole length of the state from its western boundary near Mount Gambier in South Australia, through Port Fairy, Warrnambool, Geelong to Melbourne, through Dandenong, Warragul, Sale, Bairnsdale and Orbost to the eastern boundary of the state towards Eden in New South Wales (for a total of 540 miles), subsuming the original declarations of (Main) Gippsland Road, Swan Reach-Cunninghame Road, Orbost-Genoa Road, Genoa-Eden Road, {Melbourne-) Geelong Road, Geelong-Colac Road, Geelong-Warrnambool Road, Warrnambool-Port Fairy Road and Port Fairy-Portland Road as Main Roads.

Within New South Wales, the passing of the Main Roads Act of 1924 through the Parliament of New South Wales provided for the declaration of Main Roads, roads partially funded by the State government through the Main Roads Board (later the Department of Main Roads, and eventually Transport for NSW). Main Road No. 1 was declared along Prince's Highway on 8 August 1928, heading south from the City of Sydney through Sutherland, Wollongong, Nowra, Bateman's Bay and Eden to the southern boundary of the state towards Genoa in Victoria (for a total of 351.5 miles). With the passing of the Main Roads (Amendment) Act of 1929 to provide for additional declarations of State Highways and Trunk Roads, this was amended to State Highway 1 on 8 April 1929. Before the adoption of the "Prince's Highway" name in 1920, the road between Sydney and the border was referred to as the Coast Road.

Within South Australia, roads from Adelaide to the South Australian border with Victoria were renamed by the State government in February 1922. At that time, the route from Adelaide was via Aldgate, Mylor, Macclesfield, Strathalbyn, and Langhorne Creek, crossing the Murray River at Wellington, then continuing along the present towns of Meningie, Kingston SE, Robe, Beachport, Millicent and Gambier Town (Mount Gambier). By 1928, the route went through Mount Barker and Wistow to Langhorne Creek. By 1935, the Princes Highway passed through Nairne and Kanmantoo, Murray Bridge and Tailem Bend (now known as the Old Princes Highway). That road was superseded by the South Eastern Freeway (Crafers-Murray Bridge in stages 1967–1979), Swanport Bridge (1979), finally extended from Crafers to Glen Osmond (2000). The section between Kingston SE and Millicent has also been replaced by a more direct inland route. The coastal route through Robe and Beachport is now route B101, the Southern Ports Highway.

In 1942, as part of wartime defence measures, a road was built from Mount Keira Road to. This route forms part of Mount Ousley Road.

The passing of the Roads Act of 1993 through the Parliament of New South Wales updated road classifications and the way they could be declared within New South Wales. Under this act, Princes Highway today retains its declaration as Highway 1, from the intersection with Broadway in Chippendale in Sydney, to the state border with Victoria.

The passing of the Road Management Act 2004 through the Parliament of Victoria granted the responsibility of overall management and development of Victoria's major arterial roads to VicRoads: VicRoads re-declared the road in 2010 as Princes Highway West (Arterial #6500), beginning at the state border with South Australia to Geelong, then from Altona North to Parkville; and in 2007 as Princes Highway East (Arterial #6510), beginning at the Melbourne CBD to Narre Warren, then from Yarragon to Trafalgar, then from Morwell to the state border with New South Wales.

In August 2011, the stretch of the highway in South Australia between Adelaide and Port Augusta (commonly referred to as "Highway 1") was renamed Port Wakefield Highway (between Adelaide and Port Wakefield) and Augusta Highway (between Port Wakefield and Port Augusta) as part of a process to standardise the rural property addressing system across the state.

Route allocation
Princes Highway was signed National Route 1 across its entire length in 1955. The Whitlam government introduced the federal National Roads Act 1974, where roads declared as a National Highway were still the responsibility of the states for road construction and maintenance, but were fully compensated by the Federal government for money spent on approved projects. As an important interstate link between the capitals of South Australia and Victoria, the parts of Princes Highway not already replaced by South Eastern Freeway between Adelaide and Tailem Bend were declared a National Highway in 1974. With all three states' conversion to their newer alphanumeric systems between the late 1990s to the early 2010s, its former route number for the most part was updated to A1 for the highway within Victoria (in 1997), South Australia (in 1998), and eventually the New South Wales section (in 2013), but with many exceptions: see below.

Due to its history of bypasses, many sections of Princes Highway today have different route allocations. These allocations, from its northern terminus in Sydney to its western terminus in Adelaide, are:
 * The gap between the two stages of Princes Freeway are taken up by either a series of unrelatedly named motorways namely Monash Freeway, or largely by Princes Highway.

Former routes
Within New South Wales, Princes Highway formerly entered Wollongong as State Route 60 down the Bulli Pass and ran a largely separate route from and  through to the southern suburbs from the parallel Princes Motorway, the latter of which today is designated part of route M1. The gazetted route of Princes Highway today differs from the route of State Route 60 (and from that shown on road signs). The gazetted route was designated State Route 60 (now part of route B65, Memorial Drive) for its length, but deviated from the road that is signposted as Princes Highway between and.

East

 * }

West

 * }

title: Princes Highway


text:
Wikipedia talk:Selected anniversaries/April 2

This is a good entry for de León, but his article is still a stub.
 * 1513 - Juan Ponce de León first European to enter Florida.

--mav 04:18, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Oops. Juan Ponce de León was already featured last week for sighting Florida. -- PFHLai 07:19, 2005 Mar 30 (UTC)

Candidates

 * 1801 - Napoleonic Wars: Battle of Copenhagen - The British destroy the Danish fleet.
 * 1865 - American Civil War: Confederate President Jefferson Davis and most of his Cabinet flee the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia.
 * 1902 - "Electric Theatre", the first movie theater in the United States , opens in Los Angeles, California.
 * 1982 - Falklands War: Argentina invades the British-owned Falkland Islands starting the war.
 * 1993 - Doom alpha version 0.4 is finished.
 * 2002 - Israeli forces surrounded the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem which has around 200 Palestinians inside. A siege ensues.

2012 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 10:10, 1 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Moved to Ineligible: As the World Turns (maintenance)
 * Omitted: Battle of Copenhagen; Liberal Movement (Australia); Siege of the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem
 * Included: Suvarnadurg (first appearance); 1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands (6th appearance, last in 2010); April 2, 2006 Central United States tornado outbreak
 * Repeats: Juan Ponce de León (4th consecutive appearance, 5 total); Census in Australia (2nd consecutive appearance, 2 total)
 * For future updates, do consider the opening of the National Convention of New Sudan. --Soman (talk) 04:15, 2 November 2012 (UTC)
 * Sorry, that article is too short. — howcheng  {chat} 04:38, 1 April 2013 (UTC)

2013 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 06:41, 1 April 2013 (UTC)
 * Moved to Ineligible: Siege of the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem (maintenance)
 * Omitted: Suvarnadurg; Census in Australia; April 2, 2006 Central United States tornado outbreak
 * Included: Battle of Copenhagen (9th appearance, last in 2011); Frog Lake Massacre (first appearance); LexisNexis (first appearance)
 * Repeats: Juan Ponce de León (5th consecutive appearance, 6 total; 500th anniversary); 1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands (2nd consecutive appearance, 7 total)

2014 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 07:24, 1 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Omitted: Juan Ponce de León; LexisNexis
 * Included: Suvarnadurg (2nd appearance, last in 2012); Liberal Movement (Australia) (2nd appearance, last in 2011)
 * Repeats: Battle of Copenhagen (2nd consecutive appearance, 10 total); Frog Lake Massacre (2nd consecutive appearance, 2 total); 1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands (3rd consecutive appearance, 8 total)

2015 notes

 * New articles (unused): Third Battle of Petersburg (normally would be included for its 150th anniversary, but Battle of Five Forks was just used on April 1)
 * Omitted: World Autism Awareness Day (ineligible—stub); Battle of Copenhagen (1801) (ineligible—maintenance); Liberal Movement (Australia); 1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands
 * Included: Census in Australia (3rd appearance, last in 2012); Rakesh Sharma (2nd appearance, last in 2008; rescued from Ineligible); Oikos University shooting (first appearance)
 * Repeats: Suvarnadurg (2nd consecutive appearance, 3 total); Frog Lake Massacre (3rd consecutive appearance, 3 total)

2016 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 07:35, 31 March 2016 (UTC)
 * New articles (ineligible): Onbashira (maintenance)
 * Omitted: Suvarnadurg; Frog Lake Massacre; Rakesh Sharma; Oikos University shooting;
 * Included: World Autism Awareness Day (rescued from Ineligible); Juan Ponce de León (7th appearance, last in 2013); Third Battle of Petersburg (first appearance); 1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands (9th appearance, last in 2014); April 2, 2006 tornado outbreak (2nd appearance, last in 2012; 10th anniversary)
 * Repeats: Census in Australia (2nd consecutive appearance, 4 total)

2017 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 07:57, 2 April 2017 (UTC)
 * Moved to Ineligible: Rakesh Sharma (maintenance)
 * Omitted: Juan Ponce de León; Third Battle of Petersburg; 1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands; April 2, 2006 tornado outbreak
 * Included: Suvarnadurg (4th appearance, last in 2015); Frog Lake Massacre (4th appearance, last in 2015); Bijeljina massacre (first appearance; 25th anniversary); Garissa University College attack (first appearance); Prince George of Denmark (first appearance); Max Ernst (first appearance); Elizabeth Catlett (first appearance)
 * Repeats: Census in Australia (3rd consecutive appearance, 5 total)

2018 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 16:24, 2 April 2018 (UTC)
 * Rescued from Ineligible (unused): John Gotti
 * New articles (unused): Sverdlovsk anthrax leak
 * Omitted: World Autism Awareness Day (ineligible—maintenance); Suvarnadurg (ineligible—maintenance); Frog Lake Massacre (ineligible—maintenance); Census in Australia (ineligible—maintenance); Garissa University College attack; Prince George of Denmark; Max Ernst (ineligible—maintenance); Elizabeth Catlett
 * Included: Juan Ponce de León (8th appearance, last in 2016); Southern bread riots (first appearance); Liberal Movement (Australia) (3rd appearance, last in 2014); Siege of the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem (4th appearance, last in 2011; rescued from Ineligible); Maria Sibylla Merian (first appearance); Clément Ader (first appearance); Ranjitsinhji (first appearance)
 * Repeats: Bijeljina massacre (2nd consecutive appearance, 2 total)

2019 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 15:36, 3 April 2019 (UTC)
 * Moved to Ineligible: LexisNexis (maintenance)
 * Omitted: Liberal Movement (Australia); Bijeljina massacre; Siege of the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem; Maria Sibylla Merian; Clément Ader; Ranjitsinhji
 * Included: World Autism Awareness Day (rescued from Ineligible); Norodom Sihanouk (7th appearance, last in 2017; moved from April 4); Sverdlovsk anthrax leak (first appearance; 40th anniversary); Hatton Garden safe deposit burglary (first appearance); Wilhelmine Reichard (first appearance); Sir James Montgomery, 1st Baronet (first appearance); Juanito (footballer, born 1954) (first appearance)
 * Repeats: Juan Ponce de León (2nd consecutive appearance, 9 total); Southern bread riots (2nd consecutive appearance, 2 total)

2020 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 16:59, 3 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Moved to Ineligible: 1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands (maintenance)
 * Omitted: Southern bread riots; Norodom Sihanouk; Sverdlovsk anthrax leak; Hatton Garden safe deposit burglary; Wilhelmine Reichard; Sir James Montgomery, 1st Baronet; Juanito (footballer, born 1954)
 * Included: Malvinas Day (rescued from Ineligible); Third Battle of Petersburg (2nd appearance, last in 2016); Liberal Movement (Australia) (4th appearance, last in 2018); Rakesh Sharma (3rd appearance, last in 2015; rescued from Ineligible); Siege of the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem (5th appearance, last in 2018); Muflih al-Turki (first appearance); Arthur, Prince of Wales (first appearance); Lise Thibault (first appearance)
 * Repeats: Juan Ponce de León (3rd consecutive appearance, 10 total)

2021 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 18:04, 3 April 2021 (UTC)
 * Moved to Ineligible: Southern bread riots (maintenance); Norodom Sihanouk (date not certain)
 * New articles (ineligible): Giacomo Casanova (maintenance)
 * New articles (unused): Charlemagne; Paškal Buconjić
 * Omitted: Malvinas Day (ineligible—maintenance); Juan Ponce de León; Liberal Movement (Australia); Rakesh Sharma; Siege of the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem; Muflih al-Turki; Arthur, Prince of Wales; Lise Thibault
 * Included: 1911 Australian census (first appearance; blurb previously featured Census in Australia and its making its 5th appearance, last in 2017); Sverdlovsk anthrax leak (2nd appearance, last in 2019); Bijeljina massacre (3rd appearance, last in 2018); Hatton Garden safe deposit burglary (2nd appearance, last in 2019); Maria Sibylla Merian (2nd appearance, last in 2018); Albert Pike (first appearance); Sue Townsend (first appearance; 75th birthday)
 * Repeats: Third Battle of Petersburg (2nd consecutive appearance, 3 total)

2022 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 07:35, 3 April 2022 (UTC)
 * New articles (unused): Arthur Kopit
 * Omitted: Third Battle of Petersburg; 1911 Australian census; Sverdlovsk anthrax leak; Bijeljina massacre; Hatton Garden safe deposit burglary; Maria Sibylla Merian; Albert Pike; Sue Townsend
 * Included: Malvinas Day (rescued from Ineligible); Treaty of Constantinople (1800) (first appearance); Southern bread riots (3rd appearance, last in 2019; rescued from Ineligible); 1982 invasion of the Falkland Islands (6th appearance, last in 2016; 40th anniversary); John Gotti (10th appearance, last in 2009; 30th anniversary); Siege of the Church of the Nativity (first appearance); Charlemagne (7th appearance, last in 2009; previously appeared on December 25); Paškal Buconjić (first appearance); Juanito (footballer, born 1954) (2nd appearance, last in 2019; 30th anniversary)


text:
Talk:Princes Highway

Name of article
Is this the Princes Highway, by any chance? Who calls it "Highway 1"? Dysprosia 04:19, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC)

The National Highway is a lot more than the Princes Highway - National Highway is nationwide, the Princes Highway is a subsection of the National Highway/Highway 1, in SA/Vic only (from memory) --Chuq 04:25, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Princes Highway is in NSW too. I believe it extends up QLD and in WA too, but I'd have to dig up an old road map to be 100% sure. Dysprosia 04:25, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Ok.. haven't driven that far recently ;) In any case they are certainly not the same thing.  However 'National Highway' is certainly a better name than 'Highway 1', so I will rename the page to that.--Chuq 04:27, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC)

I think it should be left at Princes Highway, since this is the most well known name - if I would have read "National Highway" I would have gone "...huh?". Why are they not the same thing? (I think I need to dig up that map...) Dysprosia 04:30, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC)

It seems the name and article 'National Highway (Australia)' already exists, with a lot more information that what I could write about it! Regarding Princes Hwy being different - See here - http://www.dotars.gov.au/transprog/road/nat_hwy/state.htm --Chuq 04:32, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC)

No no, you're right, I just checked, the Princes Hwy extends to about Adelaide and changes name from there. It needs to be merged with the preexisting National Highway (Australia)... Dysprosia 04:35, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Article development
Added a drive though. Needs stats on length etc. Needs comments on road conditions, Needs history. Needs photos. - Gaz 14:46, 17 Mar 2004 (UTC)

History
I have added a bit of history but am having a little bit of trouble reconciling. For example http://www.slsa.sa.gov.au/manning/pn/p/p8.htm#princesH doesn't reconcile with http://www.abc.net.au/archives/timeline/1920s.htm which mentions the Warragul opening.--User:AYArktos | Talk 20:02, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

Melbourne & Sydney but there's a lot in the middle
It seems a bit unbalanced at the moment. There seems to be too much emphasis on the Melbourne and Sydney bits - not enough in the middle.--Arktos talk 10:52, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

Route number missing
Can someone insert Alphanumeric State Route C109.

It currently runs in the Werribee region (western Melbourne), and needs an image uploaded. Alternatively tell me how I can create an Alphanumeric Route number.

Thanks Rom rulz424 talk 04:49, 9 July 2007 (UTC)

Port Augusta?
According to the infobox the Princes highway stops at Adelaide, however according to most maps, including google maps, the highway continues on all the way to Port Augusta where it meets the Stuart highway. Am I missing something? Saebhiar Adishatz 04:51, 30 January 2010 (UTC)

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Princess Highway
I don't know how to work this into the article, but this highway seems to have been victim of misspelling twice.

The article says it was named the "Prince's Highway" after the Prince of Wales in 1920. Without explanation, this article and every signpost I've ever seen then calls it "Princes Highway", i.e. the plural of the word instead of the genitive singular. Next, the majority of the time this thing is referred to in Melbourne, people say and write "Princess Highway". Just this morning, Victoria Police put out a warning on Facebook about part of "Princess Way" (the Princes Way is a little diversion from the Princes Highway near Warragul) being washed away by floods. Pretty much every time someone mentions this highway, I have a little quarrel with them about what it's actually called. I am an inch away from just accepting that it is called Princess Highway... or else adding an apostrophe to all those signs!

So, over the course of a century we have an evolution: Prince's Highway → Princes Highway → Princess Highway. There is actually even a brand of women's clothes that uses that latter name as a little joke. Correctrix (talk) 22:28, 5 February 2017 (UTC)

Hi Correctrix! Perhaps to give you some explanation as to why the signposts changed, in 1966 the Geographical Names Board of Australia made a decision that for the sake of consistency, all Australian street names would not include apostrophes. One article about this is here: http://www.apostrophes.com.au/?p=408

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The following Wikimedia Commons files used on this page or its Wikidata item have been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussions at the nomination pages linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 03:32, 8 November 2020 (UTC)
 * AUS Alphanumeric Route A25.svg (discussion)
 * AUS Alphanumeric Route A34.svg (discussion)
 * AUS Alphanumeric Route A36.svg (discussion)
 * AUS Alphanumeric Route A37.svg (discussion)
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 * AUS Alphanumeric Route A49.svg (discussion)
 * AUS Alphanumeric Route B58.svg (discussion)
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 * AUS Alphanumeric Route B60.svg (discussion)
 * AUS Alphanumeric Route B69.svg (discussion)
 * AUS Alphanumeric Route M12.svg (discussion)

Commons files used on this page or its Wikidata item have been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons files used on this page or its Wikidata item have been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussions at the nomination pages linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 05:05, 8 November 2020 (UTC)
 * AUS Alphanumeric Route B76.svg (discussion)
 * AUS Alphanumeric Route B87.svg (discussion)
 * AUS Alphanumeric Route B94.svg (discussion)
 * AUS Alphanumeric Route B95.svg (discussion)

Left out the following routes
Hi, I have noticed the following alignments are not mentioned in the table, even though the loop routes in Sydney are mentioned Also it gets confusing when is mentioned elsewhere as I have to manually interpret the article to find it. If this article could mention route numbers in the route better would be nice.
 * Glen Osmond to Port Augusta, SA is technically part of the highway and has the route numbers, R1 and
 * Berwick to Laverton North, VIC
 * is technically not part of the highway as it goes under different names, West Gate Freeway, CityLink/Domain Tunnel and Monash Freeway
 * has a series of loop routes with the route numbers, and

Jordf32123 (talk) 10:21, 26 October 2021 (UTC)

 * Done most of the the loop routes myself now, but still confused why half the article does not recognise the Adelaide/Virginia alignment of the highway as part of the highway Jordf32123 (talk) 03:27, 21 November 2021 (UTC)
 * I'm finding it difficult to find historical details to document the Princes Highway actually went any further than Adelaide (and judging by previous comments, not the only one). Probably because of this, previous editors have been careful of assuming if it does.....well, besides the map and existing text already in the article! If we could find references to explicitly say the Princes Highway ran all the way to Port Augusta, brilliant: we can also use that to improve the existing Port Wakefield Road and Augusta Highway articles too. Google Maps isn't a reliable source: it gets things wrong all the time, so no point trusting that. Otherwise, I'd adhere to the rule of cautious editing: DPTI states the Princes Highway officially ends just east of Murray Bridge where it meets Old Princes Highway and South Eastern Freeway and goes no further east, apart from an old alignment between Callington and Mount Barker declared "Old Princes Highway"; and the roads north of Adelaide from North Adelaide to Port Augusta are officially declared by DPTI as Main North Road, Port Wakefield Road, Port Wakefield Highway, and Augusta Highway respectively....so if it once was Princes Highway, it is no longer. Probably another reason nothing else past Adelaide has been documented. Lordstorm (talk) 12:57, 21 November 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Princes Highway


text:
The Gray Race

The Gray Race is the ninth full-length album of the punk rock band Bad Religion, which was released in 1996. It was the follow-up to the band's highly successful 1994 album Stranger Than Fiction.

This was the band's first album not recorded with original guitarist Brett Gurewitz (since the 1985 EP Back to the Known) and is their first release with Brian Baker, who replaced him during the Stranger Than Fiction tour.

Some songs on the album are considered fan favorites, such as, "Them And Us", "A Walk", "Punk Rock Song", "Spirit Shine", "Ten in 2010", "Come Join Us", and "Cease".

Although not as successful as Stranger Than Fiction, The Gray Race achieved modest success when MTV ran a commercial for the album during its release. The album was re-released by Epitaph Records on September 15, 2008.

Production and marketing
After the 10-month Stranger Than Fiction tour, frontman Graffin soon began writing songs for Stranger Than Fiction's follow-up. The band recorded it at Electric Lady Studios, New York City with producer Ric Ocasek (of the Cars, Bad Brains and Weezer fame). The recording lasted throughout much of October and November 1995.

Reception
The Gray Race was released on February 27, 1996, and peaked at #56 on the Billboard 200 album chart. It spawned the moderately successful single "A Walk" in the United States. In Europe, the album also reached the German charts at #6 as well as earn the group a gold record for sales in Scandinavia. Then-former and now current guitarist Brett Gurewitz disliked the album, however, and commented that it was "BR's worst-selling record to date" and described it as "uninspired." He has since taken that back. Author Dave Thompson, in his book Alternative Rock (2000), wrote that Baker "not only brings new blood to the band, but also some superior guitar work. Gritty classics, tougher than recent offerings, dance on an edge not visited since the days of Generator."

Personnel
Adapted from the album liner notes.

 * Bad Religion
 * Greg Graffin – lead vocals, backing vocals
 * Greg Hetson – guitar
 * Brian Baker – guitar, backing vocals
 * Jay Bentley – bass, backing vocals
 * Bobby Schayer – drums, backing vocals
 * Technical
 * Ric Ocasek – production
 * Bad Religion – production
 * Bruce Calder – engineer
 * Andy Salas – assistant engineer
 * George Marino – mastering
 * Frank Gargiulo – art direction, design
 * STAIN – design
 * Ryan J. McGuiness – design assistance
 * Richard Burbridge – photography (portraits)
 * Frank Ockenfels 3 – photography (band)

Notes and trivia

 * Due to Gurewitz's departure a year before the album was recorded, all tracks for this album were written by Greg Graffin, though guitarist Brian Baker co-wrote 4 out of 15 of the songs.
 * The track "Cease" was later re-recorded for Greg Graffin's 1997 solo album, American Lesion, this time as a piano and vocal arrangement. This version was played by Graffin on their 2006 DVD Live at the Palladium.
 * The album liner contains ten portraits of faces in black and white. Different versions exist, with different pictures as the front cover.
 * The album would earn Bad Religion a gold record for sales in Scandinavia and reach # 6 on the German charts for the single "Punk Rock Song".
 * The songs "Them and Us" and "Ten in 2010" were featured in the 1999 game Crazy Taxi.
 * The album was re-released by Epitaph Records on September 15, 2008.

title: The Gray Race


text:
Morehead Planetarium and Science Center

Morehead Planetarium and Science Center is located on the campus of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. As a unit of the university, Morehead receives about one-third of its funding through state sources, one-third through ticket and gift sales, and one-third through gifts and grants.

First opened in 1949, the dome theater in planetarium was used to train astronauts from the Gemini, Apollo, Mercury, Skylab, and Apollo-Soyuz missions in celestial navigation. Eleven of the twelve astronauts who walked on the Moon trained at Morehead Planetarium. Until the late 1990s, it contained one of the largest working Copernican orreries in the world. The facility was donated to the university by alumnus John Motley Morehead III who invested more than $3 million in the facility.

History
Morehead Planetarium opened on May 10, 1949 after seventeen months of construction. The first planetarium in the South, it was the eight to be built in the United States. The planetarium was the first built on a university campus worldwide. Designed by Eggers & Higgins, the same architects who planned the Jefferson Memorial, the $3 million cost of its construction (approximately $ million in today's dollars) made it the most-expensive building in North Carolina at the time. Morehead Planetarium was officially dedicated during a ceremony held on May 10, 1949. Since Zeiss, the German firm that produced planetarium projectors, had lost most of its factories during World War II, there were very few projectors available at the time. Morehead had to travel to Sweden, where he had previously served as American ambassador, to purchase a Zeiss Model II to serve as the heart of North Carolina's new planetarium.

Let There Be Light was the planetarium's first show.

NASA
From 1959 through 1975 every astronaut in the Mercury, Gemini, Apollo, Skylab, and Apollo–Soyuz Test Project programs spent hours in celestial navigation training at the planetarium. Morehead technicians developed simplified replicas of flight modules and tools for use in the training, often from plywood or cardboard. A mockup simulating key parts of the Gemini capsule was constructed from plywood and mounted on a barber chair to enable changes in pitch and yaw. Several of these items are on display at the planetarium. That training may have helped save astronauts' lives on occasion. Astronauts aboard Apollo 12 called upon that training after their Saturn V rocket was hit by lightning twice during ascent, knocking spacecraft systems offline and requiring them to configure navigation systems based on fixes taken manually. Gordon Cooper used his training to make the most-accurate landing of Project Mercury after a power failure affected navigational systems. Astronauts enjoyed soft drinks, cookies and other snacks during their intense hours-long training session, leading planetarium employees to create the code name "cookie time" to refer to the training sessions. Occasionally, word of the sessions leaked out and noted clothing designer and Chapel Hill native Alexander Julian recalls meeting Mercury Astronauts during a visit to the planetarium while in junior high.

The first astronaut to train at Morehead, in March 1964, was Neil Armstrong. Armstrong visited again only months before the 1969 launch of Apollo 11, spending a total of 20 days at Morehead over 11 training sessions, more than any other astronaut. Astronauts commented that the "large dome" was "highly realistic", calling the facility "superb".

In all, the astronauts who trained at the planetarium were Buzz Aldrin, Joseph P. Allen, William Anders, Neil Armstrong, Charles Bassett, Alan Bean, Frank Borman, Vance D. Brand, John S. Bull, Scott Carpenter, Gerald P. Carr, Eugene Cernan, Roger B. Chaffee, Philip K. Chapman, Michael Collins, Pete Conrad, Gordon Cooper, Walter Cunningham, Charles Duke, Donn F. Eisele, Anthony W. England, Joe Engle, Ronald E. Evans, Theodore Freeman, Edward Givens, John Glenn, Richard F. Gordon Jr., Gus Grissom, Fred Haise, Karl Gordon Henize, James Irwin, Joseph P. Kerwin, William B. Lenoir, Don L. Lind, Anthony Llewellyn, Jack R. Lousma, Jim Lovell, Ken Mattingly, Bruce McCandless II, James McDivitt, Curt Michel, Edgar Mitchell, Story Musgrave, Brian O'Leary, Robert A. Parker, William R. Pogue, Stuart Roosa, Wally Schirra, Rusty Schweickart, David Scott, Elliot See, Alan Shepard, Deke Slayton, Thomas P. Stafford, Jack Swigert, William E. Thornton, Paul J. Weitz, Ed White, Clifton Williams, Alfred M. Worden, and John Young.

Fulldome planetarium
Morehead's planetarium seats about 240 people, with a dome that is 68 ft in diameter and 44 ft tall. It currently has two different projection systems.

In February 2010, Morehead introduced its new fulldome digital video (FDV) projection system, the largest FDV installation in the southeastern United States. Funding for the new system was provided by GlaxoSmithKline, and the planetarium's star theater is now named the GlaxoSmithKline Fulldome Theater.

Morehead's historic star projector, a Carl Zeiss Model VI, was installed in 1969 and remained in limited use as of April 2011, primarily for field trip groups. This projector displays about 8,900 different stars on the dome overhead. The analog planetarium shows are a combined effort of the Zeiss projector, slide projectors and video projectors working together to form a multimedia experience. Planetarium officials hope to display at least a portion of the projector somewhere in the center. The projector was removed in August 2011.

Exhibits
On February 23, 2007, Morehead opened its first interactive exhibit, Zoom In: Science at the Extremes. It features current science at the extremes of size and scale, including research done by UNC scientists.

The Ancient Carolinians opened on November 17, 2007. This exhibit explores the lives of the first people to live on the land now known as North Carolina, interpreting the use of 10,000-year-old artifacts from the Hardaway archaeological site. This exhibit is supported in part by the Alcoa Foundation, which donated the artifacts to the university. After January 1, 2009, the exhibit installation was removed so that The Ancient Carolinians could become Morehead's first traveling exhibit.

Science stage
Morehead Planetarium and Science Center offers live, educator-led programs in its Science Stage. Science LIVE! shows present the foundations of science, on a variety of topics, through experiments and demonstrations that often involve volunteers from the audience.

External programs
The DESTINY Traveling Science Learning Program, which was founded by UNC in 2000, became part of Morehead in 2006.

The PLANETS Portable Planetarium Program brings the fulldome planetarium experience to elementary schools that are too far from Morehead to plan a field trip to the center.

Jupiter Fellowship
Each year, the Jupiter Committee (a volunteer group that assists in planning the Jupiter Ball fundraising gala for Morehead) awards the Jupiter Fellowship. This award goes to the student employee(s) who submits the best proposal for a Morehead program, activity or innovation. The fellowship funds the implementation of the proposal.

Morehead Observatory
Morehead Observatory, located on the east end of the top floor of the Morehead building, houses a 24 in Perkin-Elmer reflecting telescope operated by the UNC Physics and Astronomy Department. Faint object observing is still possible with narrow wavelength filters to block the city lights of Chapel Hill. The observatory supports research programs in bright star spectroscopy and optical counterparts of Gamma Ray Bursts.

title: Morehead Planetarium and Science Center


text:
Highway 1 (Australia)

Australia's Highway 1 is a network of highways that circumnavigate the country, joining all mainland capital cities except the national capital of Canberra. At a total length of approximately 14500 km it is the longest national highway in the world, surpassing the Trans-Siberian Highway (over 11000 km) and the Trans-Canada Highway (8030 km). Over a million people traverse some part of the highway network every day. It is the longest continuing highway in the world as the Pan-American Highway is separated by the Darién Gap and AH1 is separated by the Sea of Japan.

History
Highway 1 was created as part of the National Route Numbering system, adopted in 1955. The route was compiled from an existing network of state and local roads and tracks. Highway 1 is the only route to reach across all Australian states, plus the Northern Territory. Many of the other national routes are tributaries of Highway 1.

Under the original Highway 1 scheme, certain major traffic routes that ran parallel to the main route were designated National Route Alternative 1. Most of these route designations have been replaced by either a state route designation, or an alpha-numeric route designation, depending on which state the section is in. An example of the Alternative 1 designation remaining is on the old Princes Highway route from Dandenong to South Melbourne in Victoria.

Route markers
The entirety of Highway 1 was originally marked with a National Route 1 shield (black number on a white shield). In 1974, the segments of the route that were declared part of the National Highway network were updated to use the National Highway shield (gold number on a green shield).

Since that time, all states and territories except for Western Australia have adopted (or are in the process of adopting) alphanumeric route numbers. As a consequence, much of Highway 1 is now marked with a M1, A1 or B1 route marker (depending on the route's quality and importance). A notable exception is in Tasmania, which was the first state to adopt alphanumeric route numbers but Highway 1 is still marked with a National Highway 1 shield.

In South Australia, sections of Highway 1 which were once part of the National Highway were marked as "National Highway A1" or "National Highway M1" but have since been replaced by the standard "A1" and "M1" shield markers

Track
Large sections of Highway 1 are shared with the Australian National Highway, though the two are not synonymous. Where they diverge, Highway 1 follows a coastal route, such as the Princes Highway from Sydney to Melbourne, whereas the National Highway follows an inland (and generally more direct) route between major cities, such as the Hume Highway and Freeway from Sydney to Melbourne.

From Sydney, it heads southwards to Melbourne and onwards toward Adelaide. This section mostly follows the Princes Highway, except sections where that highway has been bypassed by freeways. It leaves the Sydney central business district via the Eastern Distributor, and continues southward through the Sydney metropolitan area via Southern Cross Drive, General Holmes Drive, The Grand Parade, President Avenue, and the Princes Highway (NSW). From Sydney's southern outskirts, it proceeds to Wollongong via the Princes Motorway, which bypasses the parallel section of the Princes Highway. Highway 1 returns to the Princes Highway south of Wollongong, from which it traverses the length of the NSW South Coast and into Victoria. East of Melbourne, Highway 1/Princes Highway turns into the eastern section of the Princes Freeway. Within Melbourne, this freeway turns into the Monash Freeway, and then into CityLink, which passes just south of the Melbourne central business district.

Highway 1 exits Melbourne to the west via the West Gate Freeway and the western section of the Princes Freeway towards Geelong, which it bypasses via the Geelong Ring Road. It then proceeds west following the Princes Highway to Warrnambool, into South Australia to Mount Gambier, and then to Adelaide.

From there it runs to Perth via Port Wakefield Road, Augusta Highway, Eyre Highway, Coolgardie-Esperance Highway, South Coast Highway and South Western Highway.

It then heads to Darwin via Brand Highway, North West Coastal Highway, Great Northern Highway, Victoria Highway, and Stuart Highway.

From Darwin, Highway 1 follows the Stuart Highway to Daly Waters, and thereafter the Carpentaria Highway to Borroloola. The Savannah Way is the largely unsignposted route for Highway 1 between the QLD/NT border, east of Borroloola, and Normanton, Queensland. From there, it follows the Gulf Developmental Road and Kennedy Highway to Cairns and southwards via the Bruce Highway to Brisbane.

It then returns to Sydney via the Queensland/northern NSW section of the Pacific Motorway (QLD/NSW), the Pacific Highway (NSW), and the Sydney–Newcastle section of the Pacific Motorway. The motorway ends in Sydney's northern suburbs, and Highway 1 follows the Pacific Highway through Sydney's upper north shore, before turning onto the Gore Hill Freeway, Warringah Freeway. It crosses beneath Sydney Harbour in the Sydney Harbour Tunnel, and follows the Cahill Expressway for a short stretch before joining the Eastern Distributor.

In Tasmania, Highway 1 starts at the Brooker Highway in Hobart and heads towards Launceston via the Midland Highway. At Launceston it becomes the Bass Highway to Burnie. Highway 1 ends at Burnie; the Bass Highway continues to Marrawah on the west coast as Highway A2.

The Savannah Way section
The 715 km section from the eastern end of the Carpentaria Highway at Borroloola in the Northern Territory to the western end of the Gulf Developmental Road near Normanton in Queensland is part of the Savannah Way but has no highway name/s. Wollogorang Road runs from Borroloola to the NT/QLD border, and Westmoreland Road runs from there to Doomadgee. From there Doomadgee Road runs to Burketown, and Nardoo Burketown Road then runs to the Leichhardt River. Burketown Normanton Road runs from the river to the Burke Developmental Road near Normanton. National Highway 1 follows this south for 1.8 km to the Gulf Developmental Road.

Road conditions
With such a vast length, road conditions vary greatly; from multi-lane freeways in populous urban and rural areas, to sealed two-laners in remote areas, such as the Nullarbor Plain, to single lane roads, such as in northern Queensland.

Some stretches are very isolated, such as the Eyre Highway, which crosses the Nullarbor Plain, and the Great Northern Highway, which runs close to the north-western coastline. Isolated roadhouses serving the small amount of passing traffic are often the only signs of human activity for hundreds of kilometres.

Highway 1 has been described as a "death trap", particularly two-lane sections in northern Queensland, due to driver fatigue. The vast distances between destinations and limited rest areas, especially those suitable to trucks, contribute to the problem.

Sights
Highway 1 covers practically every major inhabited part of Australia. Large capital cities, busy holiday resorts, dramatic coastlines, forests ranging from tropical to temperate gum forests, giant karri stands, scrubland, deserts, and huge tropical swamps are some of the variety of landscapes that can be found along the route.

Stretches of Highway 1 are very popular with interstate and overseas tourists. A drive around Highway 1 with a major detour to Uluru and back again practically covers most of Australia. The number 1 shield became part of the bush landscape to many travellers, truckers/truckies, and country people.

Record
On 18 June 2017 team Highway 1 to Hell set a new record for a complete lap of Australia. While there have been previous attempts (notably Motor Magazine's 2004 record of 6 days, 8 hours and 52 minutes ) which skipped inland direct to Mt Isa, the Highway 1 to Hell team travelled the route of Highway 1 skipping Tasmania's stretch of road (equaling 14,280 km) in 5 days, 13 hours and 43 minutes.

title: Highway 1 (Australia)


text:
Talk:Highway 1 (Australia)

Discussion
Reliable sources are required for the route of Highway 1 between the QLD/NT Border and Normanton, QLD. I have edited the text to remove the unreferenced assertion, however the map also requires editing. I'm happy for these to be reinstated if reliable sources can be found to back up the claim. 61.88.20.56 (talk) 07:37, 12 October 2011 (UTC)

Shouldn't there be a map on this page? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Gopats92 (talk • contribs) 14:58, 8 August 2009 (UTC)

Should the Australian highway go under Highway 1 (Australia), Australian Highway 1, or what? --Brion

 * Nobody I know takes any notice of highway/route numbers. I live in Australia and have never heard the National Highway referred to as "Highway 1" or anything like that. We just refer to highways by their names, such as Great Eastern Highway and Albany Highway. Mark Ryan 06:14, 17 Nov 2003 (UTC)

 * I beleive in Sydney the road numbers particularly for the motorways are used commonly. Its certainly not the case in Melbourne (atleast not when I used to live there ~3yrs ago) or Canberra. 202.161.22.188
 * Well maybe, but the motorways near Sydney which are part of Highway 1,  are the F3 and the F6,  and people who like numbers will call them that,  not "Highway 1".  Eregli bob (talk) 01:40, 23 September 2012 (UTC)

Have just changed the article from a redirect to National Highway (Australia) to be a an article in its own right. It appears (from Mark's comments) that in West Aussie the "Highway 1" tag is not used. I've lived up and down the east coast, and over here the various highways that make up our section of Highway 1 (the Bruce, Pacific and Princes) are sometimes (admittedly not all that often) referred to as "Highway 1".

 * Having driven From Perth to Melbourne 3 times since 2002 and Perth to Darwin 30 return trips between 1992 and 1995. Twice to Port Hedland from Perth since 2003 rest assured that the little number 1 is there to be followed. What Mark is referring to is that when talking about journeys we use the road names. ie say going from Peth to Geraldton we would give the following directions of go great eastern hwy onto the bypass then roe hwy thru midland then turn right onto the great northern hwy follow that until muchea then turn left onto the brand hwy. as opposed to saying follow hwy 1. I'll have go check but I think the bypass and Roe hwy both carry the ALT 1 tag Gnangarra 16:39, 9 February 2006 (UTC)
 * I checked(drove) an hour ago that section shows national 94 and 95 not alt 1. The HWY 1 is clearly posted on Great Northern Highway along with national HWY 95 and Tourist 203 Gnangarra 05:31, 10 February 2006 (UTC)
 * More than likely this phenomenon in Perth is due to metropolitan Perth not having route numbers at all (apart from 1, 94 and 95) until 1986. I remember being on a school bus in year 3 when I saw these fresh new weird looking shield signs everywhere. Orderinchaos78 (t 12:16, 1 November 2006 (UTC)
 * In Western Australia, the main direct route between Norseman and Perth is not Highway 1.  Highway 1 follows the longer "scenic route" around the south coast.Eregli bob (talk) 01:43, 23 September 2012 (UTC)

All that being said, it matters little how they are called by the great unwashed, the little No. 1 shield is seen on the highway from Cairns to Adelaide. I believe that the Eyre Highway stretching through South Aussie also bears the No. 1. moniker. Accordingly, I'm set to treat National Highway (Australia) and Highway 1 (Australia) as two separate and distinct articles.

I have also changed this Talk page form a redirect to Talk:Princes Highway. - Gaz 14:00, 17 Mar 2004 (UTC)

-

Even after the new renumbering in Vic and SA, I still hope they maintain the number 1 shield for heritage purposes.

 * As the article says, they are marked as M1 still (indeed, better than before if my limited memory's a guide), but I don't get the 'heritage purposes'. No-one calls them by numbers here. (Well, occasionally the Monash Fwy is called the M1 because it's had so many names even in my short life: the South Eastern Arterial, the South Eastern Freeway, and now half of it's the M1 part of Citylink and the other half's the Monash.) But once it gets out of the city, it's the Princes Fwy/Hwy as appropriate. This accords with what Mark Ryan said above, and I suspect it's safe to say that it, like many things, is the direct result of the predominance of Aussie rules football. — Felix the Cassowary 09:23, 6 August 2005 (UTC)

If you're old enough to experience the 1970's, that Number One shield would take you a long way. Princes Hwy or not, many country road signs then do not indicate highway names like Princes Highway as such. Certain junctions appeared to have the same priority... That Number One shield is the only indication... In fact its the only sign that "takes ya 'round 'stralia"...

-

It would be nice if there was a map showing the route over all of Australia :)
 * Aye, twood, someone want to draw one in pencil and scan it in for us? --60.228.33.249 12:45, 1 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Isn't there maps of the Australian highways elsewhere in Wikipedia? Maybe we should post one here or ask the orignal poster to mod it to highlight Hwy 1.  202.161.22.188 07:06, 8 April 2007 (UTC)

The article seems to imply that highway 1 is a 4WD unsealed track in NW Aust. I think the road is now sealed in its entirety. --Inas66 11:19, 31 May 2007 (UTC)

The longest national highway
I don't know what's behind the claim, but the Google Books unequivocally awards the honour to the Trans-Canada Highway. --Ghirla-трёп- 09:15, 15 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Well there is no doubt that the the Australian highway 1 is longer than the Trans-Canada Highway. So, it isn't really length we are discussing, but classification.  If the Australian Highway 1 is a National Highway and the Trans-Canada Highway is a National Highway, then it is clearly a longer National Highway.
 * The previous change was to term Highway 1 a "highway network", rather than a "highway". I'm not sure how these two terms are defined, but I can't think of a definition that would make the Australian Highway 1 a "network", and the trans-canada highway not one.
 * There are sources out there which seem to award each highway this honour. Not really surprising with such a arbitrary classification.  --Inas66 (talk) 22:33, 12 October 2011 (UTC)

Infobox discussion
There is a discussion regarding this article's infobox at WT:AURD - Evad37 (talk) 14:09, 5 August 2013 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Highway 1 (Australia)


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User:Spicyjack

Wiki entry for Brian Manning.

Let's see. I do things with computers, I take pictures, I have a couple of cats. You can see some of my projects at http://www.antlinux.com.

Some of my favorite links in general:
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Some of my favorite Wikipedia links:
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title: User:Spicyjack


text:
Talk:Attica (town), New York

I hope this clears up the confusion a bit. Tmesipt 2.29.04.

title: Talk:Attica (town), New York