text:
User talk:Bird/Brain and stuff

Welcome to the Bird-brain affair page. It deals with User:Bird and his behavoir, starting with edits to Brain. When Bird complained about this discussion taking place on his talk page, I thought he would be more amenable to discussion if moved its content here, so I did. Now, it seems to serve as a page referencing the relevant facts of this case, as well as archiving the first bit of discussion. I have also reorganized the headers and separation of certain comments so that they are easier to follow. -- Fennec 04:24, 11 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Relevant pages
For additional relevant comments see:
 * User:David Newton/Bird Dispute (has unaltered talk page discussion)
 * User talk:David Newton/Bird Dispute
 * Content on Talk:Brain
 * User talk:Lexor
 * Notes and accusation from Bird on User talk:Fennec
 * Chatter on Wikipedia talk:Schools FAQ
 * A comment User talk:Quinwound accuses that user of "playing childish games"
 * A list of articles edited by Bird is on User:Sannse/List of Bird articles
 * Expand this list as necessary

Other names of Bird
Bird seems to be a resourceful guy. He possesses a flock of sock puppets and a gaggle of anonymous IP addresses. -- Fennec 04:24, 11 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Admitted Names
Bird has more or less admitted that the following accounts are his:
 * User:Accuracy dispute (talk) is another login for Bird, as he indicated on Wikipedia talk:Schools FAQ.
 * A talk page history item for User:SoCal indicates that this is also a login for Bird. It has since been blanked.
 * User:Raptor is also Bird.
 * User:Love over Money is Bird - references to "editing ones own work" in edit summaries.
 * User:Make it real is Bird
 * 172.195.36.107 is also bird. Hmm... so are quite a few other IPs. See the bottom of this page.

Likely Names
It is speculated and seems likely that
 * User:Bad faith is also Bird
 * Edits and vandalism at the the Community portal (history) may be related to Bird as well.
 * User:Your love is hollow is probably Bird - see his reply on a talk page on the matter (which has since been reverted) and no other contributions.
 * User:Your love is EMPTY with all of one contribution is almost definitely Bird
 * User:172.198.46.33 is Bird. Contribs
 * User:B.ird is also Bird.

Likely IPs, Edit Summaries
It now seems that Bird is going on a vandalism rampage, "seizing" pages under a plethora of widely disparate IPs.
 * In general, any edits or edit summaries similar to the following are possibly and probably Bird, using a proxy of some sort.
 * "this page has been seized to protest censorship of comments that encouraged contributors to speak freely when discussing Wikipedia with the news media."
 * "This page was locked by vigilante to censor discussion of risks wikipedia poses to children"
 * "This campaign will continue until the themes are appreciated in every major media market in the nations that use this web site."
 * "editing ones own work is not vandalism. Concern for children's safety is not vandalism"
 * (someone's name here) "is part of a vigilante group attempting to prevent discussion of the accuracy of articles"
 * "If this post is deleted, read what is really going on in this conversation in the page history. A mob of wikiracists is trying to delete the only accurate public domain account of tribal sovereignty"
 * "Fennec's request that people "please see" the view of Fennec's work is POIINT OF VIEW, and Fennec violates conventions by placing new personal POV at the top of a talk page, preceding earlier comments" [sic]
 * Other comments about racism including:
 * "stop the racist domination games, ed"
 * "this writer is more than qualified to play your game, ed"
 * "many people of non-Christian cultures consider the King James version of the Bible to be a blueprint for Anglo racist world domination. King James was alligned with the racist Jacobite kings" [sic]
 * Attempting to close down the page of User:Raul654 and attacks at the Village Pump :
 * "People go away because you drive them away Raul and you are proud of it, then you whine about it. FUCK YOU!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! /POINT /GAME /MATCH"
 * "THIS PROJECT IS NOTHING BUT A TOOL FOR FORCING SUBJECTION TO THE LIKES OF YOU AND YOUR FELLOW UPPER MIDDLE CLASS CHILDREN OF PRIVILAGE AND WE THE WORLD ARE HERE TO TAKE YOU DOWN TO SIZE"
 * "This project is a technocrat tool of oppression. Page closed. Reason: CENSORSHIP"
 * "Give all your money, time, property and knowledge to the cause of redistributing wealth and property now."
 * Assorted edits at the Village Pump:
 * "FOR THE PEOPLE > \/ < WHOSE HEARTS YOU CANNOT STEAL AND PUBLISH IN YOUR GOD'S DAMNED BOOK"
 * "RISE UP AND RESIST PEOPLE TEAR THIS PROJECT DOWN NOW IT IS A TOOL OF CAPITALIST OPPRESSION"
 * "THIS PROJECT IS NOTHING BUT A TOOL FOR TRAINING PEOPLE TO SUBMIT TO THE LIKES OF YOU AND YOUR FELLOW UPPER MIDDLE CLASS CHILDREN OF PRIVILAGE///page closed///reason:CENSORSHIP"
 * "time to start learning some new ways to communicate, because that is never going to fly in the face of someone who has no reputation to preserve"
 * "misinformation corrected by guerilla warrior BIRD \o/ "

Other

 * This page was blanked earlier, with a message directing users to the page history if they wanted to view it, accusing it of being a "war trophy" of sorts. Fennec 13:44, 9 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * Your Cold Hard Fact Here!

Reversion of Talk Page
Please do not revert my user talk page. I am telling you and I will continue to report to the pages where I have contributed that I have no confidence in the information I contributed. You may revert pages to the condition they were before I edited them and I will have nothing to say about my contributions.

Further, after more research, my opinion about the copyright of images I contributed changed. I now know them to be copyrighted image that cannot be used on Wikipedia.

 * If they are US govt, then it's OK, they are public domain, unless they come from a third-party source. Could you specify where?

 * No, i don't care to further help you find images for your project. I'm telling you I posted them then later discovered them to be copyrighted. Period.

 * It would be great if you could just tell me exactly what it was that caused you to do this, then perhaps we can all take a deep breath and figure what's going on. Yours in good faith. --Lexor|Talk 16:17, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Why no confidence?
Hi there Bird. :) Can you tell me why you suddenly have no confidence in what you've written?  It looks great to me.  What sources did you rely on?  If you've based your articles on your understanding of a subject which you've read a lot about, there's no need to delete what you wrote.  If you've made mistakes (and I doubt that you have) then they will be corrected over time.  Nothing in wikipedia is instant - wikipedia evolves.  I'd be very sad to see you leave, you seem like just the kind of contributor we value most.  :)  fabiform | talk 16:14, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * you seem like just the kind of contributor we value most
 * That is because I fabricated a user identity with the intention of creating oen that is favorable to group think her. Nobody here knows me and it is apparent that when my real values show, I require more than some want to put out. the show is over "bird"

 * but what do you require? I still don't know what you mean. it sounds like this whole thing was an experiment in testing the community, but if so, for what purpose? --Lexor|Talk 16:23, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * What I meant by that was that you care about the content you're adding. Contributors who care are contributors who are valued.  Nobody here knows me either, but I believe that I add useful things to this project in my own small way.  fabiform | talk 16:25, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Hi, Bird: you know, this is a wikiwiki, not a peer-reviewed journal. We strive for accurate content and we need educated people (like you seem to be) on every subject. If there are mistakes, we hope they will be sooner or later mended, but -in my opinion- a slightly wrong article is better than nothing. Pfortuny 16:21, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Blanking brain
OK, you've blanked the brain article within the last hour, claiming that its factual accuracy was questionable and that the images were violations of copyright.

I don't see indications on the copyvio page as to where the images are copies from so that it can be checked as to whether they are really that. You are thus not following standard Wikipedia behaviors which is highly objectionable. You seem to have been here for a bit, so you should have been aware of the ettiquette. Also, disputes as to the accuracy of the article are NOT grounds for blanking the article.

So far as I can tell, this is just a one-off incident, but I will look into it. If I find that you have been blanking without due cause in other places I will take the appropriate steps necessary to start the arbitration process or whichever strand if appropriate towards getting you watched a lot more closely. Your apparent vandalism has been noted and you have been warned about it. David Newton 16:52, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * The history is longer than it looks like, David, I for this time would not call it vandalism. Pfortuny 17:00, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * David, you might want to look into Talk:Brain to see the source of this issue. Bird is reverting his edits to the state before he started working on them.  It appears s/he may have been ticked off about the focus on image trivialites and felt that not enough attention was being paid to factual accuracy and/or peer review (and in fact was perhaps deliberately putting in a few false facts to test the community).  We would have to look over the edits carefully to see what was actually done.  It's all very strange and vexing, but it appears the reverts have stopped and perhaps Bird has logged off.  I suggest waiting a while to see if Bird returns or not, and then doing whatever repairs are necessary. --Lexor|Talk 17:03, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Yes, but blanking an entire article and putting a line of text saying that its accuracy is disputed it NOT the way to go about that. I was just looking at the Recent Changes and happened to see the rather suspicious subject line of bird's last edit of the brain article. I then saw it had been blanked and started to investigate. I called it apparent vandalism, not just straight vandalism. However, given that I have come across several other articles that have been largely blanked over the past few edits, I am more inclined to say it is vandalism. It is a strange type of vandalism, but it is vandalism I am forced to conclude. I am leaning towards putting this on the vandalism in progress page so that other sysops can have a look at and fix some more of the problems and also keep an eye on things if/when bird logs on again. David Newton 17:09, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * That's 27 articles I count that were either completely or mostly blanked or had rather odd things done to them. Even the Community Portal had a FAQ link removed for no apparent reason. I have reverted most of those articles that others hadn't found, and I have noted what is going on on the vandalism in progress page. Blanking or nearly blanking over 20 articles is certainly vandalism so far as I am concerned, regardless of whether the person wrote the articles as well. David Newton 17:31, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * With regards to the FAQ, I hear tell that he wrote the School FAQ which extolled some of the features of Wikipedia and indicated that it could be used as a resource in schools. However, some of his comments indicate that earlier (check the history of this page, methinks) indicated that he was withdrawing any such support and reccomendation. Fennec 18:27, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * I agree. It's just very strange, because we had a good contributor who felt that there was not enough attention to peer review being done (and too much attention on image formatting), and then disappears in a huff, blanking his/her pages as s/he goes (and not reverting them to the pre-Bird state as s/he had indicated s/he was going to do on Talk:Brain.  But it could be even stranger, have a look at Bird's comments on User talk:Fennec to see what I mean.  I'm not sure if this entirely premediated, or whether Bird was being ironic.  All very odd. --Lexor|Talk 17:32, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * David, you are right, but as I followed the case in real time, I noticed it more as someone becoming mad and trying to destroy his/her own work than as vandalism. But I am not trying to defend these acts. Pfortuny 18:40, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Please use VFD
Hello Bird,

If you think articles should be deleted, list them on Votes for Deletion, rather than blanking them. Please see that page for procedures. -- The Anome 17:22, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Having reviewed content I contributed, I now realize it all to be ridden with errors and plagiarism. I am removing information I contributed which I know to be innacurate. If somebody wants to do the research to contribute accurate information, fine. Otherwise, back off before I begin recalling errors i made while using other information. '''It is wrong. I am fixing the errors.''' Don't try me. Not a bird

Where's it plagarized from?
Before deleting anything for plagiarism we'd better know where it has been plagiarized from. Otherwise, your claims are void. Pfortuny 19:00, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * How about I tell you i made up everything I posted and what I didnt' make up I copied. And how about I make press releases citing many other articles I made up with no research besides an old textbook. In some cases I even OCR'ed the text directly into wikipedia. Don't cross me. This site lacks the resources do anything by cry and wish it had not lost the integrity I contributed. There is nothing you can do to restore integrity to anything written under this user name and I will make a career of assuring that the work bears a record of my testimony to the inaccuracy of my work. Go ahead, poke me with a stick some more....

 * Oh, no. I insist, this is a wikiwiki, not the Annals of Mathematics. So nobody should take WP as a definitive source for anything. Just a starter. Pfortuny 19:13, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Hello again Bird. The correct way to deal with copyright violations on Wikipedia is to list the relevant articles on Possible copyright infringements. Just blanking pages is against policy and will likely be reverted. If you have added copyvio to Wikipedia, then it should be deleted not blanked. Only administrators have the power to delete. What you're doing achieves nothing as everything you've ever written on Wikipedia is stored in page histories. If you carry on breaking Wikipedia policies by mass blankings etc you aren't likely to have the chance to "make a career of assuring that the work bears a record of [your] testimony to the inaccuracy of [your] work" as you will be seen as a vandal and banned. fabiform | talk 19:15, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Use whatever euphemism you want to shape the situation to conform with your personal reality. I am a writer who realized after the fact that I had contributed unreliable information. I will make every effort to assure that anyone who attempts to read the false, innaccurate, copied information I submitted knows that it is in fact unreliable. If you want to spend the next six months playing vigilante, ignore the subject matter and continue to go after thye person. The best thing for you to do would be shut up and quit trying to control my actions. Leave the articles the way they were without my contributions and there will be no reason for me to expose the errors in the articles. There is no correct way. The correct way is to acknowledge you have learned nothing from me and that I will not allow you to consider anything I have written or copied to the site as credible. It seems folks here are much better at fighting vandals and moving around pictures than they are at discussion biological phsycology. If that's the arena you want to play in - fighting vandals, have at it. On the other hand, if you have an interest in biological psychology, go read the 20 blank talk pages where nobody had nay interest in the subject matter. Of course the pages maintain history logs. That is where I am addressign these comments, so that anyone who studies these articles can review the history pages and realize the author fabricated or plagiarized the content. Get over it and start over.

"so-called bird"

There is no copyvio!
The image blatted from the deleted version of Human brain is in the public domain. I made it myself as described on the image page. Accusations of plagiarism should not be bandied around lightly. Especially when wrong. Washington irving 19:18, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Make no mistake, I do not bandy lightly. My approach is forceful. If you created an image and would like to place it on a page, do so. If you would like to compile a list of regions in the human brain, do so. But if you want to create an encyclopedia based on what you think you learned from this username, you can rest assured the accuracy and plagiarism challenges will endure as long as anything sourced from this writer returns to the pages in its original form.

The list of human brain regions is based on nothing but my fancy and speculation. The image I posted there was copyrighted. If you want to start over, find some time and do so, based on your own research, and compile it in such a way that it does not mirror text I have repeatedly stated now is copied right out of a book. . "so-called bird"

Maybe I shouldn't reply, but I feel that I should repeat (forcefully) that the image currently shown on Human brain and List of regions in the human brain are in the public domain. The content I added to these and other pages is not plagiarized. I take the accusation of plagiarism very seriously. It is insulting and wrong. I think this will be my last comment on this page. I'm sorry you chose the important topic of the Brain to make an example of. Many honest and creative people have been contributing to these pages in good faith. Washington irving 19:37, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Protection of Vandalised Pages
OK, this has now escalated rather seriously. Your persistent failure to follow the established ways of doing things has meant that I've protected a whole slew of pages that have been involved in your reversion attempts. I have also added disputed accuracy notices to most of them, so they should be fact checked as well. Any further vandalism will result in protection of those pages as well, and yes we know about Accuracy dispute your sock puppet.

You are going the right way about being banned completely from the Wikipedia. That is now a long process, but it can happen. So, here's what's going to happen:

 * 1) You will refrain from any more reversions or blankings of pages that you have edited.
 * 2) You will go about things in the correct manner for the Wikipedia (within the limits that page protection imposes). That means that if you want a page deleted you will list it on votes for deletion. You can't actually follow the copyright violation policy of the Wikipedia now that the pages are protected, so as a substitute I would suggest putting a message on the relevant talk page giving a reference as to where the copyright violation comes from. It can then be checked.

 * Note Removed: Bird left a note here but per hard-ban policy it has been removed. - Fennec 03:48, 12 Mar 2004 (UTC)

So far you have made one solid point in one of your reversions, claiming that a page was copied from a particular book. That can be checked, but your other edit summaries have been useless in that respect, as well as being the wrong way to do things.

It would also help immensely if you would sign your posts. To do so please use to sign without a date and ~ to sign with a date and timestamp.David Newton 20:44, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Well, well, well. It's now reached the stage where the vandalism has reached the user's own talk page. Bird makes the completely false claim that he/she is being blocked from editing this page. It has not been locked down. It has had blankings reversed. After this message, I am going to retrieve the blanked messages. After that, I am going to start the process of getting the username banned. David Newton 21:24, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Messages that have been reverted
"How about all of you middle class pigs mind your own business and stop trying to play dictator. Nobody had any interest in this contributor until they smelled blood in the water, and now out of the woodwork crawls a dozen cockroaches clamoring to say how things should be.

There is a real simple way to get respect out of whoever created this former user name. If you have something to add, add it. If this user name reverts copy that it wrote, for whatever reason, accept it and come up with something to replace it. Otherwise, this is not an encyclopedia it is a game environment for people whose life is built around dictating the behavior of others.

My testimony is that the site is not designed to attract contributors, but rather to attract humans with serotonin oriented systems for the dopamine governed power elite who rule the site, as I so adroitly explained in the article on HPA_axis but which I later refused to validate as original or accurate because nobody cares enough to go out and bother to find out if the information that is coming over the transmom is accurate. When the information was preseneted as article, it was all good. But when it becomes a reality in your power game, I am certain one of the first replies will be to imply that I am incoherrent and that attempting to understand my reasoning before rebutting me is irrational because I offer no reason.

Lexor is so wrong to chime in with the projection that my concern is attachment to articles. I have produced far more and affected more action in this world that I will ever be able to attach to. That is the fundament of this users approach, which I stated and which Lexor failed to acknowledge - that I resent being asked to use a user name, and did so only as a concession to dominant factions in a group. The material I submit should be reviewed for accuracy, not for my reputation. I assure you, i will not allow this group to establish a sense of credibiltiy around any user name I create. This is a very intentional effort to destroy any credibility associated with this handle.

This site attempts to identify and type casting people. Editors are allowed to contribute unaltered text based on their reputation among the dopamine crowd here, not because other editors knowledgable in the field have reviewed and checked the work. I will not allow credibility to attach to the bilines of articles I write here, no matter how profound my contributions. The bottom line is none of you have the skills to work with me and you lost me in part. I will do my work from some other approach, and will advocate the same causes in whatever I do here."

"Yeh, ask a person to talk, reject what they say, lock them out of the dialogue. I can see a few Wikipedians are having a real big day in their careers here, finally with some conflict into which they can inject their confident demands."

"This page edit was made by USER:BIRD who was blocked from managing this user page. My preference is to archive all discussion so far and that is the status to which I am setting this page. If anyone tampers with it by reverting, they are not only vandalizing my creative work, they are committing an act of aggression toward me. I encourage all of you to forget about this user except that if this user announces a lack of confidence in something this user created, you go back to where the work started and pick up from there."

These were reverted, once by me, once by User:Jwrosenzweig and once by User:Ahoerstemeier. The talk page was blanked in each case and replaced by the message in question.

This is now a replacement for a page blanked, presumably by Bird. David Newton 21:28, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

No, I'm reverting the TALK page
No, I am NOT reverting your user page. I am reverting your TALK page. Those are two entirely different things. Your talk page has not been protected, although you are actually tempting me sorely to do so. However, that would be contrary to Wikipedia policy, since I am now involved rather heavily in this situation and also because it is bad form to protect someone else's talk page. David Newton 21:31, 8 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Netblock
Just tracking the netblock for 210.177.229.13:

inetnum:     210.177.128.0 - 210.177.255.255 netname:     PCCW-BIA descr:       PCCW Business Internet Access country:     HK admin-c:      TA66-AP tech-c:      TA66-AP mnt-by:      MAINT-HK-PCCW-BIA mnt-lower:   MAINT-HK-PCCW-BIA-CS changed:     jacky.sm.lam@pccw.com 20020815 status:      ALLOCATED PORTABLE source:      APNIC

role:        TECHNICAL ADMINISTRATORS address:     Pacific Century Cyberworks address:     Room 280, 2/F Telecom House, address:     3 Gloucester Road, address:     Wanchai, Hong Kong. country:     HK e-mail:       noc@imsbiz.com admin-c:     NOC18-AP admin-c:     JL1059-AP admin-c:     DL430-AP tech-c:      NOC18-AP tech-c:      JL1059-AP tech-c:      DL430-AP nic-hdl:     TA66-AP notify:      noc@imsbiz.com mnt-by:      MAINT-HK-PCCW-BIA changed:     jacky.sm.lam@pccw.com 20020606 source:      APNIC

from Vandalism in progress
From Vandalism in Progress:

Again:
 * (User:61.218.217.246 | talk | contributions)
 * Vandalism of user pages - he told me to block him, so I am. - Texture 20:19, 9 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * Must be another bird reincarnation. andy 20:25, 9 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * Interesting. A little digging shows this appears to be an hinet.net ADSL line in Taiwan, in the block 61.218.217.240 - 61.218.217.247, netname HUNG-MING-INDUST-TN-TW. This is consistent with the previous presumed Pacific Century Cyberworks IP for another apparent incarnation. -- The Anome 23:18, 9 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * 168.243.73.3 appears to be a Bird sound-alike, but IP address resolves to Universidad Centroamericana Jose Simeon Canas in San Salvador (???).
 * Fascinating. This Bird appears to have be quite resourceful with regards to finding IP addresses, and it's not impossible that this is him. - Fennec 04:26, 10 Mar 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Bird/Brain and stuff


text:
Talk:Managing the news

The New Lead and re-write
A very good start and off on the right track. I've put it on watch and will help with it. Calicocat 3 July 2005 18:02 (UTC)

Original research & lead disputs
This page is mostly a bunch of political prejudice. It is raw material for formulating aspersions toward people whose professional life requires that they explain public business to the public via the news industry. It is no more covert to explain an agencies point of view to the media than it is to explain to one's family matters that might affect them. Using the term "spin" is usually a set-up for other euphemistic attacks on the credibility of people who participate in mass communication. These euphemistic attacks are invariably launched for a countervailing interest.

I would carefully monitor who ever created and contributed to this page to see what other political propaganda they have infiltrated into this ostensibly educational document. Bad faith

 * It appears this propaganda piece is entirely the work of a single writer. He no doubt has fans, but I see no refences here to any scholarly sources. This appears to be an effort to commandeer language for political purposes.

The reference is to a paper by Ivor Gaber, 1999. I'm sorry you people have decided to victimize me. Washington irving 07:28, 9 Mar 2004 (UTC)

That is one paper from the UK describing an idiosyncratic definition of the term, one which is mostly used by liberal political interests. The term otherwise has a dominant meaning relevant to students world wide, which is to describe a profession they might feel inspired to join. This article is one person's effort to hijack the Wikipedia namespace so that anyone who browses in here looking for information on what training they will need to succeed in the profession of news management will be inculcated with values that inure them to disrespect official sources and to turn to advocates for analysis. In doing so, this slanders the public right to join together to form governments that represent our interests. It is also part of a Wikipedia link chain leading to Democrat fundraising and propaganda sites.

To hide that reality from the readers is to deceive readers, likely for a political motivation. Claiming to be a victim when someone has checked your work is not an effective way of collaborating. Your work has been reviewed and found to reflect a political bias. If you don't want your work to be criticized and collated with the knowledge of the rest of the world, perhaps Wikipedia is not the best forum for your point of view. Reality check

 * People don't seem to be dating comments here, and Reality Check and Bad Faith no longer appear to be around (the links to their user pages are red, anyhow). If anyone has a problem with NPOV on this page, the best thing to do is edit it to improve it, not whinge about it on the comment page.  "News management" is a legitimate encyclopedia entry to my mind.  PaulHammond 16:40, 28 Jan 2005 (UTC)

I'm sorry, but this whole article -- in fact, this whole line of articles -- seems to be hopelessly POV. I find myself agreeing with the some of the comments here. I dispute the premise of the artcile and think it's a very cynical presentation of some rather obvious and long established public relations techniques and pratices. On the other hand, it misses the mark on being an article which explains and treats various news and editoral issues -- censorship, manipulation, publicity, attribution of sources -- could be given some treatment under the broad headings of journalism and media. I don't think this article lends the Wikipedia project a sound entry for dealing with the subject matter attempted within. (Nothing personal against the editors.) Calicocat 3 July 2005 09:56 (UTC)

Revision and renaming
I find fault with the article also. I plan to shorten and revise it and rename it "Managing the news" unless someone has a better title. Maurreen 3 July 2005 16:22 (UTC)

 * Good job, I've added new comments toward the top, regarding the lead revisions. Calicocat 3 July 2005 18:02 (UTC)

 * Jonathon Green's 1984 slang dictionary Newspeak discusses this topic under the heading of "managed news", so it's not some new term made up for Wikipedia. 2A00:23C5:FE0C:2100:8D5A:C860:73F5:2504 (talk) 02:55, 6 February 2021 (UTC)

Incomplete sentence
"In the United Kingdom, the report was given early to certain officials."

The sentence sounds incomplete. I expected it to continue: so that.... OR in order to avoid.... OR something similar.S. Valkemirer (talk) 10:02, 31 December 2022 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Managing the news


text:
Chi Psi

Chi Psi (ΧΨ) is a fraternity consisting of active chapters at 34 American colleges and universities. Chi Psi was founded in 1841 at Union College in Schenectady, New York. It was the first Greek-letter organization to be founded on the grounds of fraternal bonds, rather than the literary characteristics of the seven then-existing fraternities.

Chi Psi was the first fraternity in the nation to establish a fraternity house. This was a building at the University of Michigan, which was said to resemble a hunting lodge; hence, Chi Psi now refers to all its houses as lodges.

History
Chi Psi was founded on May 20, 1841, by ten students at Union College. The founding members were Philip Spencer, Robert Heyward McFaddin, Jacob Henry Farrell, John Brush Jr., Samuel Titus Taber, James Lafayette Witherspoon, William Force Terhune, Alexander Peter Berthoud, James Chatham Duane, and Patrick Upshaw Major.

Chi Psi was founded as a brotherhood that embraces related values that were adopted at its founding in 1841. A revision of the values was adopted at 122nd National Convention in 1963. Chi Psi also embraces the idea of being a true gentleman, by following the definition of a gentleman as put forward by John Walter Wayland's "The True Gentleman":

The True Gentleman is the man whose conduct proceeds from goodwill and an acute sense of propriety and whose self-control is equal to all emergencies; who does not make the poor man conscious of his poverty, the obscure man of his obscurity, or any man of his inferiority or deformity; who is himself humbled if necessity compels him to humble another; who does not flatter wealth, cringe before power, or boast of his own possessions or achievements; who speaks with frankness but always with sincerity and sympathy; whose deed follows his word; who thinks of the rights and feelings of others rather than his own; and who appears well in any company; a man with whom honor is sacred and virtue safe. In 1846, Chi Psi was the first fraternity in the nation to establish a fraternity house. This was a building at the University of Michigan, which was said to resemble a hunting lodge; hence, Chi Psi now refers to all its chapter houses as lodges. The Chi Psi newsletter, The Purple & Gold, was first published in November 1883, and was named for the fraternity's official colors. The fraternity's national headquarters is in Nashville, Tennessee.

Activities
The Chi Psi Educational Trust has funded the Program for Excellence, consisting of workshops that instill the fraternity's members with a respect for themselves, the people they are around, and their community.

Chapters
Chi Psi refers to its chapters as Alphas.

President
The President of Chi Psi is known as the #7. The first #7 was elected in 1879, thirty-eight years after the founding of Chi Psi. The #7's are:

Executive Director
The executive director of Chi Psi is known as the #23. The first #23 was appointed in 1921. The #23's are:

Chapter or member misconduct
A pledge named Gordie Bailey died of an alcohol overdose at University of Colorado Boulder in 2004. He was found face down on the floor of the Chi Psi house, where members had drawn slurs all over his body while he was passed out. The Chi Psi chapter was temporarily suspended. A 2017 USA Today article used Bailey's death to illustrate that fraternity chapters frequently continue operations with little interruption after a death.

In 1971, Chi Psi at the University of Virginia conducted a staged lynching with a group of black-hooded students with rifles surrounding a black-faced mannequin swinging from a tree. A photograph of the spectacle was published in the university's yearbook, where it was rediscovered by journalists at The Cavalier Daily in 2019. The Frank Zappa quote, "You know I'm not black, but there's a whole lot of times I wish'd I wasn't white", was displayed on the opposing page and was part of the Chi Psi yearbook entry. So, the objectionable photo, combined with the quote, appears to have been a poorly executed attempt at condemnation of racism and violence against blacks.

title: Chi Psi


text:
Ahmed Rashid

Ahmed Rashid (Urdu:; born 1948 in Rawalpindi) is a Pakistani journalist and best-selling foreign policy author of several books about Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Central Asia.

Life and career
Rashid was born in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. He attended Malvern College, England, Government College Lahore, and Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge at Cambridge University in the late 1960s.

After graduating, Rashid spent ten years in the hills of Balochistan, attempting to organise an uprising against the Pakistani military dictatorships of Ayub Khan and Yahya Khan. He ended his guerrilla fighting days frustrated and defeated and turned his attention to writing about his homeland. He has been the Pakistan, Afghanistan and Central Asia Correspondent for The Daily Telegraph for more than 20 years  and a correspondent for Far Eastern Economic Review. He also writes for The Wall Street Journal, The Nation, Daily Times (Pakistan) and academic journals. He appears regularly on international TV channels and radio networks such as CNN, BBC World and many Pakistani TV channels. Rashid is often sought after for advice by diplomats in Islamabad and Kabul, and by policy makers in NATO capitals and Washington."

He is a well known and vocal critic of the Bush administration in relation to the Iraq war and its alleged neglect of the Taliban issue. Rashid's 2000 book, Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil and Fundamentalism in Central Asia, was a New York Times bestseller for five weeks, translated into 22 languages, and has sold 1.5 million copies since the September 11, 2001 attacks, "an astonishing number for an academic press." The book was used extensively by American analysts in the wake of the 9/11 attacks. Rashid charged that former President George W. Bush plagiarized his work in writing his memoirs.

His commentary also appears in The Washington Post's Post Global segment. "Rashid is a regular columnist for leading national and international publications and a frequent guest on NPR's (National Public Radio) Fresh Air."

"An expert on the Taliban -- until 9/11 he knew them better than almost any outsider -- Mr. Rashid has over the decades turned out to be something of a prophet in the region, though mostly of the Cassandra type, issuing repeated warnings that are ignored by policy makers."

Ahmed Rashid is married with two children and lives in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.

Selected works

 * The Resurgence of Central Asia: Islam or Nationalism?, St. Martin's Press (May 1994), ISBN 1-85649-131-5.
 * Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil and Fundamentalism in Central Asia, Yale University Press (March 2000) ISBN 0-300-08340-8.
 * Jihad: The Rise of Militant Islam in Central Asia, Yale University Press (January 25, 2002) ISBN 0-300-09345-4. (Hyderabad: Orient Longman, 2002)
 * Descent into Chaos: The United States and the Failure of Nation Building in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Central Asia, Viking, 2008, ISBN 978-0-670-01970-0.
 * Taliban: The Power of Militant Islam in Afghanistan and Beyond, 2nd ed, I.B.Tauris (April 2010), ISBN 978-1-84885-446-8
 * Pakistan on the Brink: The Future of America, Pakistan, and Afghanistan, Viking Adult (March 15, 2012), ISBN 978-0-670-02346-2.

title: Ahmed Rashid


text:
User talk:P.T. Aufrette/archive1

Hello, welcome to Wikipedia. Here's some tips:
 * You can introduce yourself on the new users page
 * If you made any edits before you got an account, you might be interested in assigning those to your username.
 * You can sign your name using three tildes, like . If you use four, you can add a datestamp too.
 * Remember to use the show preview button before you save a page.
 * If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page.

Other useful pages are: how to edit, how to write a great article, naming conventions, manual of style and the Wikipedia policies.

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Angela. 03:47, Mar 9, 2004 (UTC)

Beau petit jeu de mot dans ton nom... Y'en a combien qui la pogne du côté anglais d'après toi? :-) Mathieugp 20:00, 9 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * :-) P.T. Aufrette 22:00, 9 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Constitutional debate of Canada
As-tu eu la chance de voir cette page de discussion?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Constitutional_debate_of_Canada

Il y a beaucoup de travail à faire et j'hésite encore à proposer une structure pour l'article. Cette page était directement à même Politics of Canada avant ça.

Mathieugp 18:48, 11 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Pour l'instant j'ai beaucoup de pain sur la planche, je crée des pages sur les anciens hommes politiques québécois. Vas-y et fais des modifications comme bon te semble.  J'ai ajouté cette page à mon watchlist, je vais peut-être pouvoir contribuer plus tard. P.T. Aufrette 19:46, 12 Mar 2004 (UTC)

-- Do you know anything about the Quebec Liberal Party between confederation and the 1950s? That's the major gap in the Quebec Liberal Party article. Formeruser-83 23:34, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * OK, I filled in some details at Quebec Liberal Party. P.T. Aufrette 03:42, 16 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Message
Oi, remember to wikify dates, particularly years. Thanks GrazingshipIV 09:06, Apr 7, 2004 (UTC)

 * Actually, I didn't create that particular page, just created a new redirect to it.

Re: the Concordia University vandal, I've added the page to my watchlist and have since reverted that user's most recent vandalism of the page. Darkcore 06:01, 7 May 2004 (UTC)

 * OK, great. Obviously, I'm watching it myself, but the more people on it the better.  P.T. Aufrette 18:17, 7 May 2004 (UTC)

in response to you comments on my talk page:

Hmm, well I didn't come up with the template, and I'm not very good with html. The only reason why I can see it being a bad idea would be because it would stretch out the year column rows. However, I plan on adding more years, so that might be a solution. Anyways, I'm not that good with html, and it has been very frustrating, but you may change it if you feel it necessary. Earl Andrew 19:03, 15 May 2004 (UTC)

 * Since the Eastern Townships text is very verbose, I'll leave it extra small for the moment, but maybe it should change later. -- P.T. Aufrette 19:30, 15 May 2004 (UTC)

You have moved all of the Canadian election pages to "Canadian federal election, ####". A few months consensus was reached at Talk:Canadian federal election for the "#### Canadian election" format. Why do you think the grammatically awkward "Canadian federal election, ####" format is better? - SimonP 02:34, 3 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Invitation
Salut. D'abord, en complétant la catégorie Quebec general elections que j'ai créée, j'ai remarqué combien ton travail est impressionnant sur les pages d'élections québécoises et j'amierais t'en remercier, comme pour le reste de ton travail sur la Wiki. Ensuite, je souhaite t'inviter à ajouter ton nom à la nouvelle communauté Wikipedians/Quebec et à en parler aux autres Québécois Wikipédiens (ou liés au Québec, comme les expatriés ou les Franco-Américains, par exemple) que tu connais. Merci! --Liberlogos 09:53, 4 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Article Licensing
Hi, I've started a drive to get users to multi-license all of their contributions that they've made to either (1) all U.S. state, county, and city articles or (2) all articles, using the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC-by-sa) v1.0 and v2.0 Licenses or into the public domain if they prefer. The CC-by-sa license is a true free documentation license that is similar to Wikipedia's license, the GFDL, but it allows other projects, such as WikiTravel, to use our articles. Since you are among the top 1000 Wikipedians by edits, I was wondering if you would be willing to multi-license all of your contributions or at minimum those on the geographic articles. Over 90% of people asked have agreed. For More Information:
 * Multi-Licensing FAQ - Lots of questions answered
 * Multi-Licensing Guide
 * Free the Rambot Articles Project

To allow us to track those users who muli-license their contributions, many users copy and paste the " " template into their user page, but there are other options at Template messages/User namespace. The following examples could also copied and pasted into your user page:

 * Option 1
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions, with the exception of my user pages, as described below:

OR
 * Option 2
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions to any U.S. state, county, or city article as described below:

Or if you wanted to place your work into the public domain, you could replace " " with "  ". If you only prefer using the GFDL, I would like to know that too. Please let me know what you think at my talk page. It's important to know either way so no one keeps asking. -- Ram-Man (comment| talk)

Federal elections charts
I’d like to get some consensus on what to do about colours in the elections charts, but I don’t want to get into a revert war, so I’m asking people to express their opinions here before any changes are made. Since you have contributed to these pages, I’m inviting your comments. I am initiating this discussion because some of the colours that are currently being used are too dark for some monitors so that it is difficult to read the text. The point of adding colours to the charts is to make it easier for readers to derive information from the charts. This goal is foiled by using colours dark enough to obscure the text. The Wikipedia style guide is clear on the issue:
 * Use colour sparingly. Computers and browsers vary: you cannot know how much colour is presented on the recipient's machine if any. Wikipedia is international: colours have different meaning in different cultures. Too many colours on one page make them look cluttered and unencyclopedic. Use the colour red only for alerts and warnings.

So let’s choose some colours that are light enough that red Wilkilinked text and blue Wikilinked text are both easy to read through.

Please join the discussion at: Talk:Canadian federal election results since 1867. Thanks, Kevintoronto 17:30, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Possibly unfree Image:Sherbrooke.jpg
An image that you uploaded or altered, Image:Sherbrooke.jpg, has been listed at Possibly unfree images because its copyright status is disputed. If the image's copyright status cannot be verified, it may be deleted. Please go to its page for more information if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. Jkelly 02:18, 30 August 2006 (UTC)

Speedy deletion of Template:Canadian politics/party colours/PLQ/colhead
A tag has been placed on Template:Canadian politics/party colours/PLQ/colhead requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section T3 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because it is a deprecated or orphaned template. After seven days, if it is still unused and the speedy deletion tag has not been removed, the template will be deleted.

If the template is intended to be substituted, please feel free to remove the speedy deletion tag and please consider putting a note on the template's page indicating that it is substituted so as to avoid any future mistakes (<noinclude>{{transclusionless}}</noinclude>).

Thanks. --MZMcBride (talk) 16:01, 12 September 2008 (UTC)

Template
A template you created, Template:Canadian politics/party colours/PLQ/colhead, has been marked for deletion as a deprecated and orphaned template. If, after 14 days, there has been no objection, the template will be deleted. If you wish to object to its deletion, please list your objection here and feel free to remove the tag from the template. If you feel the deletion is appropriate, no further action is necessary. Thanks for your attention. R'n'B (call me Russ) 18:19, 22 June 2009 (UTC)

AfD nomination of Lampshade hanging
An editor has nominated one or more articles which you have created or worked on, for deletion. The nominated article is Lampshade hanging. We appreciate your contributions, but the nominator doesn't believe that the article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion and has explained why in his/her nomination (see also Notability and "What Wikipedia is not").

Your opinions on whether the article meets inclusion criteria and what should be done with the article are welcome; please participate in the discussion(s) by adding your comments to Articles for deletion/Lampshade hanging (2nd nomination). Please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes ( ~ ).

You may also edit the article during the discussion to improve it but should not remove the articles for deletion template from the top of the article; such removal will not end the deletion debate.

Please note: This is an automatic notification by a bot. I have nothing to do with this article or the deletion nomination, and can't do anything about it. --Erwin85Bot (talk) 01:18, 31 December 2009 (UTC)

DYK for James Stirling (judge)
M AN d ARAX •  XAЯA b ИA M  23:45, 18 February 2011 (UTC)

High Sheriff of Leicestershire 1882
William Winterton took the oath in 1882. See http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=056-qs_4&cid=1-17-133&kw=robert%20rosbottom#1-17-133 Plucas58 (talk) 22:03, 18 March 2011 (UTC)

All resolved - It was William Winterton. The original candidate copped out for some reason (not death - he died in 1889). Thanks for pointing out the problem. Regards Plucas58 (talk) 23:01, 18 March 2011 (UTC)

File:Alphonse Desjardins politician 2067.jpg missing description details
Dear uploader: The media file you uploaded as File:Alphonse Desjardins politician 2067.jpg is missing a description and/or other details on its image description page. If possible, please add this information. This will help other editors to make better use of the image, and it will be more informative for readers.

If the information is not provided, the image may eventually be proposed for deletion, a situation which is not desirable, and which can easily be avoided.

If you have any questions please see Help:Image page. Thank you. Sfan00 IMG (talk) 17:12, 7 April 2011 (UTC)

 * OK, fixed. -- P.T. Aufrette (talk) 06:13, 8 April 2011 (UTC)

Horseshoe orbit
Thanks for improving the Horseshoe orbit article. You seem to be pretty knowledgeable, so I have a question for you. What does "there is no repeated looping" refer to? It would be great if you could clarify that in the article. — Sebastian 17:11, 18 April 2011 (UTC)

It appears that that refers to "The loop is not closed but will drift forward or backward slightly each time, so that the point it circles will appear to move smoothly along Earth's orbit over a long period of time." However, that is unclear to me, too. What is "the point it circles"? Wouldn't that be the sun? Or does it mean L3 (as the 'center' between L4 and L5)? — Sebastian 17:15, 18 April 2011 (UTC)

 * It looks like that wording has been there since the article was created, and I find it confusing too. Unfortunately, I'm not really qualified to do the rewording or rewrite here. :( -- P.T. Aufrette (talk) 05:52, 19 April 2011 (UTC)

 * No problem; I'll as at the article talk page. Thanks! — Sebastian 07:05, 19 April 2011 (UTC)

title: User talk:P.T. Aufrette/archive1


text:
Giant kangaroo rat

The giant kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ingens) is an endangered species of heteromyid rodent endemic to California.

Description
The giant kangaroo rat, is the largest of over 20 species of kangaroo rats, which are small members of the rodent family, measuring about 15 cm in length, not including its long, tufted tail. It is tan or brown in color. Like other kangaroo rats it has a large head, large eyes, and long, strong hind legs which helps it hop quickly.

The giant kangaroo rat lives on dry, sandy grasslands and digs burrows in loose soil. It lives in colonies, and the individuals communicate with each other by drumming their feet on the ground. These foot thumping signals range from single, short thumps to long, drawn out “footrolls” that can average over 100 drums at 18 drums per second. These audible signals serve both as a warning of approaching danger, as a territorial communication, and to communicate mating status.

Kangaroo rats are primarily seed eaters, but also eat green plants and insects. Most giant kangaroo rats gather seeds when they are available and store them for consumption later. The seeds are put into small pits on the surface of the soil and scattered over the home range of the individual. The small pits only hold the content of the two cheek pouches.

In the spring and summer, individuals generally spend less than two hours of the night foraging above ground. They are very territorial and never leave their den for more than 15 minutes per day. The giant kangaroo rat then stores the seeds in a larder for later eating and gives birth to a litter of 1 to 8 babies, with an average of 3 per litter. It communicates with potential mates by sand-bathing, where the giant kangaroo rat rubs its sides in sand, leaving behind a scent to attract mates. They live for only 2–4 years.

The mating of the giant kangaroo rat is seasonal. During the summer, male rats go out of their normal territories and mate with neighboring female rats. During the winter, the males stay in their original burrow.

Conservation
In 1987, United States Fish and Wildlife classified the kangaroo rat as an endangered species, chiefly due to habitat loss. This species was declared endangered on both the federal and California state levels in the 1980s. It inhabits less than a mere 2% of its original range and can now be found only in isolated areas west of the San Joaquin Valley, including the Carrizo Plain, the Elkhorn Plain, and the Kettleman Hills. The giant kangaroo rat, like many other rodent species, lost much of its habitat as the Central Valley fell under agricultural use. Much information still needs to be obtained regarding their basic biology and compatibility with various land uses before clear directives can be made. Besides some projects currently underway in the Carrizo Plain National Monument, studies need to be conducted on populations whose range overlaps with private lands. Recovery of the giant kangaroo rat can be achieved when the three largest populations in eastern Kern County, Carrizo Plain Natural Area, and the Panoche Region along with the populations in the Kettleman Hills, San Juan Creek Valley and Cuyama Valley are protected and managed appropriately. In a unique case, a giant kangaroo rat population was found during the construction of the second track at Buttonwillow Raceway Park. The track design was modified and a protected habitat was created in the middle of the new track.

Endangered Dipodomys ingens populations have become more dispersed and less numerous over time. This can have major side effects to the genetic diversity of the species. D. ingens populations only cover about 3% of the territory they historically occupied. Agricultural development has severely impacted the habitats of this rodent, and restricted it to several small isolated areas. Because of this, D. ingens is at risk for genetic drift and inbreeding within smaller populations. D. ingens lives in metapopulation structures due to their habitats being taken over by humans. They are divided into several small remnant populations that are unable to disperse over larger areas because of topographical limitations. This is a larger problem for northern subpopulations of than those in the south. D. ingens is believed to be polygynous (one male, multiple females) but a common ratio between male and female partners has not yet been found. The study showed that translocation was a successful method for increasing diversity and population size of D. ingens.

In early 2013, a collaboration was set up between the Bitter Creek National Wildlife Refuge, CSU Stanislaus's Endangered Species Recovery Program, and the Endangered Species Recovery Program. This recovery plan established the Small Mammal Monitoring Project, focusing on adaptive management and promoting the growth of grasslands with low vegetation.

In 2017, a combination of trapping and satellite imaging was used to determine habitat suitability and conduct and index of presence in the San Joaquin Desert. Since burrow mounds are fairly large, typically inhabited by one rat, and uniformly spaced apart, this made it possible to use aerial surveys and Google Earth satellite imagery. This study highlighted high-quality habitat areas to focus on for future management decisions.

title: Giant kangaroo rat


text:
List of subcamps of Natzweiler-Struthof

The following is a list of subcamps of the Natzweiler-Struthof complex of Nazi concentration camps, and work kommandos from the main camp.

These subordinated camps were located on both sides of the German-French border. There were about 50 subcamps in the Natzweiler-Struthof camp system, located in Alsace and Lorraine as well as in the adjacent German provinces of Baden and Württemberg. By the fall of 1944, there were about 7,000 prisoners in the main camp and more than 20,000 in subcamps.

 * 1) Asbach, today part of Obrigheim
 * 2) Auerbach, today part of Bensheim
 * 3) Bad Rappenau
 * 4) Baden-Baden
 * 5) Balingen
 * 6) Bernhausen
 * 7) Binau, seat of administration for subcamps in the area of Neckarelz, not a Concentration Camp
 * 8) Bisingen
 * 9) Bruttig-Treis (also called Treis-Bruttig), today Treis-Karden and Bruttig-Fankel, near Cochem
 * 10) Calw
 * 11) Cernay, Haut-Rhin
 * 12) Colmar
 * 13) Darmstadt
 * 14) Daudenzell, today part of Aglasterhausen
 * 15) Dautmergen
 * 16) Echterdingen
 * 17) Ellwangen
 * 18) Erzingen, today part of Balingen
 * 19) Frankfurt/Main, located within the Adler factory
 * 20) Frommern, today part of Balingen
 * 21) Geisenheim
 * 22) Geislingen an der Steige
 * 23) Fort Goeben within the city of Metz
 * 24) Gross-Sachsenheim
 * Guttenbach, today part of Neckargerach, part of the administration moved into the town hall after they abandoned the main camp, not a Concentration Camp
 * 1) Hailfingen-Tailfingen
 * 2) Haslach
 * 3) Heilbronn
 * 4) Heppenheim
 * Hessenthal, today part of Schwäbisch Hall
 * 1) Iffezheim
 * 2) Kaisheim
 * 3) Kochendorf
 * 4) Leonberg, in the Engelberg Tunnel
 * 5) Mosbach
 * 6) Neckarbischofsheim
 * 7) Neckarelz I and II
 * 8) Neckargerach
 * 9) Neckargartach, today part of Heilbronn
 * 10) Neunkirchen
 * 11) Oberehnheim, today Obernai
 * 12) Oberschefflenz, today part of Schefflenz
 * 13) Obrigheim
 * 14) Offenburg
 * 15) Peltre
 * 16) Plattenwald, today part of Bad Friedrichshall
 * 17) Rothau
 * 18) Saint-Die
 * 19) Sainte Marie aux Mines
 * 20) Sandhofen
 * 21) Schirmeck
 * 22) Schömberg
 * 23) Schörzingen, today part of Schömberg
 * 24) Schwäbisch Hall
 * 25) Schwarzacher Hof, today part of Schwarzach
 * 26) Spaichingen
 * 27) Thil
 * 28) Unterriexingen, today part of Markgröningen
 * 29) Wiesengrund at Vaihingen an der Enz
 * 30) Walldorf, today part of Mörfelden-Walldorf
 * 31) Wasseralfingen, today part of Aalen
 * 32) Weckrieden, today part of Schwäbisch Hall
 * 33) Wesserling, today Husseren-Wesserling
 * 34) Zuffenhausen

Literature

 * Stegemann, Robert: Das Konzentrationslager Natzweiler-Struthof und seine Außenkommandos an Rhein und Neckar 1941–1945. Metropol, Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-940938-58-9.

title: List of subcamps of Natzweiler-Struthof


text:
Rees (surname)

Rees is a very common Welsh name that traces back to the ancient Celts known as the Britons. The surname was first recorded in Carmarthenshire, and is derived from the personal name Rhys. Rhys is very common in Wales, and some parts of England. Rees is also a German surname.

Notable individuals named Rees include the following:

 * Abraham Rees (1743–1825), compiler of Rees's Cyclopaedia and a botanist
 * Alan Rees, British Formula One driver
 * Albert E. Rees (1921–1992) American economist, presidential adviser, and Princeton provost.
 * Albert E. Rees (actor) 19th-century comic opera actor
 * Aneurin Rees (1858–1932), Wales rugby union international
 * Angharad Rees (1949–2012), British actress
 * Billy Rees (1924–1996), Welsh international footballer
 * Brinley Rees (1919–2004), British classicist
 * Celia Rees, British author
 * Clive Rees, Wales and British Lions rugby union international
 * Conway Rees (1870–1932), Welsh rugby union international
 * Coralie Clarke Rees (1908–1972), an Australian author
 * Dai Rees (1913–1983), Welsh golfer
 * Dai Rees (scientist) (1936–2021), British biochemist and science administrator
 * Dan Rees (rugby), Welsh international rugby player
 * David Rees (disambiguation), several people
 * Don Rees, warden of Hugh Stewart Hall in the University of Nottingham for 29 years
 * Eberhard Rees (1908-1998), rocketry pioneer and the second director of NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center
 * Eleri Rees (born 1953), Welsh judge
 * Elgan Rees, Wales and British Lions rugby union international
 * Elmer Rees, British geometer
 * Fernando Rees (born 1985), Brazilian auto racing driver
 * Gareth Rees (disambiguation), multiple people, including:
 * Gareth Rees (cricketer) (born 1985), Welsh cricketer
 * Gareth Rees (motorsport commentator) (born 1969), Welsh motorsport commentator
 * Gareth Rees (rugby union) (born 1967), former Canadian rugby player
 * Gavin Rees (born 1980), Welsh professional boxer
 * Geraint Rees, British neurologist and neuroscientist
 * Goronwy Rees (1909–1979), Welsh journalist, academician, memoirist, and Soviet spy
 * Grover J. Rees III (born 1951), American judge and diplomat
 * Jason Rees, Welsh footballer
 * Jean Rees (1914–2004), British artist
 * Jeremy Rees (1937–2003), British arts administrator
 * Jerry Rees, U.S. animator and film director
 * John Rees (disambiguation), multiple people, including:
 * John Rees (activist) (born 1957), British political musician
 * John Rees (journalist), American journalist
 * Sir John David Rees (1854–1922), colonial administrator in British India and Member of Parliament
 * John Rees (musician) (1857–1949), Welsh musician
 * John Rawlings Rees (1890–1969), British psychiatrist
 * Idwal Rees (1910–1991), Wales rugby union captain
 * Ivor Rees (1893–1967), Welsh soldier and recipient of the Victoria Cross
 * Katie Rees, a former American beauty queen
 * Laurence Rees, (born 1957), British historian, author and documentary filmmaker
 * Leighton Rees (1940–2003), Welsh darts player
 * Lionel Wilmot Brabazon Rees (1884–1955), Welsh World War I flying ace
 * Lloyd Rees (1895–1988), Australian landscape painter
 * Martin Rees, Baron Rees of Ludlow (born 1942), British Astronomer Royal
 * Matt Rees, (born 1967) Welsh novelist
 * Matthew Rees, Wales and British Lions rugby union international
 * Merlyn Rees (1920–2006), British Labour party politician and minister
 * Milsom Rees (1866–1952), Welsh surgeon
 * Nathan Rees, (born 1968) Australian politician with the Labor Party, and Premier of New South Wales
 * Nigel Rees (born 1944), English writer and broadcaster
 * Nigel Rees (footballer) (born 1953), Welsh footballer
 * Norman J. Rees (c. 1906 – 1976), double agent for USSR and FBI
 * Peter Rees (1926–2008), British Conservative party politician
 * Paul Rees (born 1986), British racing driver
 * Robert Rees (disambiguation), several people
 * Ronnie Rees, Welsh international footballer
 * Roger Rees (1944–2015), Welsh actor
 * Ronnie Rees (born 1944), Welsh footballer
 * Stuart Rees, director of the Sydney Peace Foundation
 * Thomas Rees (disambiguation), multiple people, including:
 * Thomas Rees (Unitarian minister) (1777–1864), Welsh Unitarian minister and scholar
 * Thomas Rees (Twm Carnabwth) (c. 1806–1876; also known as Twm Carnabwth), Welsh leader of the Rebecca Riots
 * Thomas Rees (Congregational minister) (1815–1885), Welsh Congregationalist minister
 * Thomas Ifor Rees (1890–1977), Welsh diplomat and translator
 * Tom Rees (rugby union) (born 1984), English rugby union player
 * Tommy Rees (1904–1968), Welsh dual-code rugby player
 * Thomas Wynford Rees (1898–1959), British soldier in the British Indian Army
 * William Rees (disambiguation), several people

title: Rees (surname)


text:
List of subcamps of Neuengamme

Below is an incomplete list of SS subcamps of Neuengamme camp system operating from 1938 until 1945. The Neuengamme concentration camp established by the SS in Hamburg, Germany, became a massive Nazi concentration camp complex using prisoner forced labour for production purposes in World War II. Some 99 SS subcamps were part of the Neuengamme camp system, with up to 106,000 inmates. The number of prisoners per location ranged from more than 5,000 to only a dozen at a work site. Beginning in 1942, inmates of Neuengamme were also transported to the camp Arbeitsdorf. "Toward the ends of the war three times more prisoners were in satellite camps than in the main camp" wrote Dr. Garbe of the Neuengamme Memorial Museum. Several of the subcamps have memorials or plaques installed, but as of 2000, there was nothing at 28 locations.

The inmates were forced to work under grueling conditions in various locations across northern Germany; often transported between subcamps and specific job sites. Due to subsequent demolition of the Neuengamme camp system by the SS in 1945 including its records, the historical work is difficult and still incomplete. For example, in 1967, the German Federal Ministry of Justice suggested that the camp operated from 1 September 1938 until 5 May 1945 and became part of the Sachsenhausen in June 1940. The Neuengamme Memorial organization (German: KZ-Gedenkstätte Neuengamme), an establishment of the Hamburg Ministry of Culture, Sports and Media, stated in 2008 that the empty camp was explored by British forces on 2 May 1945 and the last inmates were liberated in Flensburg on 10 May 1945. According to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, the camp was established on 13 December 1938 and liberated on 4 May 1945. Throughout World War II, millions of prisoners died in Nazi labour camps through mistreatment, disease, starvation and overwork, or were executed as unfit for labour. At Neuengamme, 1,700 people died each month in winter of 1944-1945, more than 50,000 in total.

At the main camp

 * 1) Canalize of the Dove Elbe, a branch of the Elbe river: Elbekommando
 * 2) Klinkerwerk (brick factory) of the DEST
 * 3) Lagergärtnerei (camp plant nursery)
 * 4) Tongruben (clay cavities)
 * 5) Manufacturing plant of the Walther-Werke
 * 6) Armament factories of Messap and Jastram

In Hamburg
Subcamps and working locations in Hamburg proper sorted by name.

Outside of Hamburg
Subcamps of Neuengamme in alphabetical order. Using the political division of Germany of the year 2000, there were at least 34 subcamps in Lower Saxony, 9 in Bremen, 9 in Schleswig-Holstein, 6 in North Rhine-Westphalia, 5 in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, 3 in Saxony-Anhalt, and 1 in Brandenburg. Also, four subcamps were located in Alderney, occupied Channel Islands, British Commonwealth.

Construction labor brigades
Inmates of concentration camps were centralized in construction labor brigades (German:Baubrigaden), organized by the SS, to clean up after air raids, remove unexploded ordnance devices and bombs, or recover corpses. Some of the brigades worked also at the Friesenwall—part of the Atlantic Wall at the German North Sea coast—and fortifications in German cities e.g. antitank obstacles. Other brigades were placing or repairing rails or railway stations.

Further names
Names found in some lists, probably mistake in writing or double-listings:

title: List of subcamps of Neuengamme


text:
List of subcamps of Ravensbrück

The following, is the list of subcamps of the Ravensbrück concentration camp complex built and run by Nazi Germany during World War II. By 1944 Ravensbrück consisted of a system of between 31, and 40, and up to 70 subcamps, spread out from Austria to the Baltic Sea, with over 70,000 predominantly female prisoners. It was the only major Nazi camp for women.

Selected locations and firms

 * 1) Altdorf Lake, for Heinkel-Flugzeugwerke
 * 2) Altenburg (over 1,000 prisoners; became a subcamp of Buchenwald in 1944)
 * 3) Ansbach
 * 4) Barth (over 1,000 prisoners), for Heinkel-Flugzeugwerke
 * 5) Belzig (became a subcamp of Sachsenhausen in 1944), for Kopp and Co.
 * 6) Berlin (over ten camps)
 * 7) Born
 * 8) Dabelow
 * 9) Dahmshöhe
 * 10) Dresden Universelle
 * 11) Eberswalde
 * 12) Feldberg (Mecklenburg)
 * 13) Fürstenberg/Havel
 * 14) Genthin (became a subcamp of Sachsenhausen in 1944)
 * 15) Grüneberg (at Löwenberger Land; over 1,000 prisoners, up to 1,710) for Metall-Poltekonzern, Munitionsfabrik
 * 16) Gut Hartzwalde
 * 17) Hagenow
 * 18) Hausham (became a subcamp of Dachau in 1944)
 * 19) Helmbrechts (became a subcamp of Flossenbürg in 1944)
 * 20) Hennigsdorf
 * 21) Hohenlychen
 * 22) Holýšov (became a subcamp of Flossenbürg)
 * 23) Kalisz Pomorski
 * 24) Karlshagen (over 1,000 prisoners)
 * 25) Klützow
 * 26) Königsberg in der Neumark (in Chojna) for Flughafen GmbH
 * 27) Kraslice (became a subcamp of Flossenbürg in 1944)
 * 28) Leipzig-Schönefeld (over 1,000 prisoners; became a subcamp of Buchenwald in 1944)
 * 29) Magdeburg (over 1,000 prisoners; became a subcamp of Buchenwald in 1944)
 * 30) Malchow (over 1,000 prisoners, up to 4,196)
 * 31) Mildenburg
 * 32) Munich, for Lebensborn e.V.
 * 33) Neubrandenburg (over 1,000 prisoners, up to 4,343)
 * 34) Neustadt-Glewe (over 1,000 prisoners, up to 4,220)
 * 35) Nová Role (became a subcamp of Flossenbürg in 1944)
 * 36) Peenemünde
 * 37) Prenzlau
 * 38) Rechlin
 * 39) Retzow
 * 40) Rostock, for Heinkel-Flugzeugwerke
 * 41) Rostock-Marienehe
 * 42) Rostock-Schwarzenforst
 * 43) Sassnitz
 * 44) Schlieben (became a subcamp of Buchenwald in 1944)
 * 45) Schoenefeld, Krs. Teltow (later became a subcamp of Sachsenhausen)
 * 46) Security Police School Drögen (was a subcamp of Sachsenhausen until 1942)
 * 47) Stargard (in Stargard Szczeciński), for Gerätewerk Pommern GmbH
 * 48) Steinhöring
 * 49) Svatava (became a subcamp of Flossenbürg in 1944)
 * 50) Uckermark
 * 51) Velten (became a subcamp of Sachsenhausen in 1944)
 * 52) Wiesbaden
 * 53) Wolfen (became a subcamp of Buchenwald in 1944)
 * 54) Zichow

title: List of subcamps of Ravensbrück


text:
Talk:Mount Whitney

Geographical and Geological Information
... missing. This should be item #1 in an encyclopedian article.

Assessment
the class of this article is not yet B since it lacks sufficient breadth, eg ecology and history.

Several issues: --hike395 07:38, 9 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * 1) The elevation of Mount Whitney differs between sources. A possibly out-of- date USGS map is not necessarily the best, although I'm sticking with this elevation for now, until we have more data. The canonical data source for elevations of benchmarks is the National Geodetic Survey http://www.ngs.noaa.gov .. The benchmark on top of Mount Whitney has ID GT1811. I tried to look it up in the database, but it was down. The Sierra Club peak baggers captured the 1999 data for that benchmark, and it said 14,505' (!!) http://www.peakbagging.com/SPS%20BM/GT1811.txt .. I think we should use whatever the NGS says is the latest value.
 * 2) Owens Valley, being a non-point geographic feature, does not have one elevation. Therefore, giving a precise (down to the foot) elevation difference is extremely misleading.
 * 3) I'm not sure of the licensing of topozone .. I removed the link, but we can put it back if someone checks to see if they don't mind deep linking.
 * 4) Let's keep discussion on this page, rather than mucking up the article.

So I think it's time to go with the number that the majority of sources quote: 14,494 feet, and 4418 meters. I won't go willy nilly editing the page, though, respecting the comments, above. Additional discussion about the height of this mountain can be found at Talk:California. --GraemeMcRae 16:01, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Further discussion at Talk:California. -- hike395 06:12, 14 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks for addig the summary, hike395. -Willmcw 20:53, 15 October 2005 (UTC)

 * A better paragraph I have never read. Thank you, hike395. --GraemeMcRae 02:06, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

Monsoon season?
"Common advice is to be off of the peak by noon during the summer monsoon season." does california really have a monsoon season? Dandube 13:20, 12 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Yes, though folks who aren't climbing tall peaks may not notice it. -Will Beback 16:25, 12 July 2006 (UTC)

Badwater Ultramarathon
Does this really need to be in the summary? As it's really not important to the article, I think it should be moved lower, maybe into the Popular Culture heading as an anecdote. toki 06:47, 19 October 2006 (UTC)

Removed links
I removed the following links from the External links section, per WP:EL. I invite opinions about whether to put any of them back in. My main reasons: there were a lot of links for what is still a short article, and most of these are personal trip reports or commercial pages. The TierraWiki link is a link to a new, unstable wiki, which is deprecated by WP:EL, although I could see going against that guideline. Comments? -- Spireguy 05:00, 11 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Mt. Whitney overnight backpacking trip report & photos
 * The Mt. Whitney Day Hike and Backpacking Page
 * Mount Whitney on TierraWiki.org
 * Whitney portal store
 * Mt Whitney Photos,Climbing and Hiking Information
 * Mount Whitney pictures and trip report
 * Hiking Mount Whitney from OutdoorDB.org
 * Trip report and photos from AboutLakeTahoe.com

 * I'd argue that the Portal Store is virtually an "official" link and should be retained. Tierrawiki may be a useful site as well. The rest seem to be trip reports and photos, about which I'm indifferent. -Will Beback · † · 21:14, 11 December 2006 (UTC)
 * PS: I just noticed that Tierrawiki put the marker for the summit in the wrong location. Maybe it's not as relialbe as it should be. -Will Beback · † · 21:17, 11 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Oops, they do miss the summit a bit. Yes, leave 'em out, one official website for Whitney Portal should be fine, leaving in or out Will Beback's desired links, doesn't matter.  Thanks for the clean-up. KP Botany 21:40, 11 December 2006 (UTC)

I removed this external link because it is strictly commercial although the picture is great. Read it and see what you think. --DRoll (talk) 07:32, 10 April 2008 (UTC)
 * The Mt. Whitney Day Hike & Backpacking Page

Hiking section getting long
The hiking section is getting long, with some stuff that seems less than encyclopedic. I changed the way it was written, but maybe we should actually remove some of the Wikitravel-type details. Any comments?

 * I moved most of it to its own article: Mount Whitney trail, because it really has more to do with the trail than the mountain itself. We can edit it over there, if you like. I also tried to add more about geology, based on the complaint of the anon editor. hike395 06:19, 13 August 2007 (UTC)

Distance to Badwater Basin
Maps show nearer to 84.5 miles, going by the lat/long given in these articles. ?? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.148.255.247 (talk) 23:37, 18 October 2009 (UTC)

Parent peak?
There was a question asked about the parent peak for Mount Whitney and the status of peakbagger.com. The editor removed the text before I could reply. The question was: "Why is Pico de Orizaba listed as the parent peak? Aren't there higher peaks in Canada & Alaska that would qualify? The reference for this is peakbagger.com (which came up as a dead link). While dedicated to getting to the top of peaks, are the proponents of peakbagger a WP:RS?" My reply was: I don't think the peakbagger.com page is cited as the source for the parent peak. It is true that the peakbagger.com server is currently down. See this archived page. I have used the site as a reference hundreds of times and have frequently checked it's data against other sources and I have always found it to be very reliable. I'm hoping that the current condition is temporary. I'm not a big fan of parent peak. The term can be ambiguous. The ListsofJohn.com site says the line parent is Nevado de Toluca-Mexico. The idea of parentage is related to prominence which follows the highest ridge leading away from a given peak. This is more widely studied on the British Isles.  – droll  [chat]  00:05, 5 August 2011 (UTC)
 * A glance at a globe shows that Mount Whitney is closer to the high volcanoes of central Mexico than it is to the only two North American peaks taller than Pico de Orizaba, namely Denali in Alaska and Mount Logan in the Yukon. Accordingly, a Mexican peak must be Whitney's parent peak.  There are five peaks in Mexico taller than Mount Whitney, and I think that Nevado de Toluca is probably the best candidate among them, since it is significantly west of Pico de Orizaba, and therefore closer to Mount Whitney.  Calculating the exact distances would be original research, but I think the source Droll provided above appears solid.  Cullen 328   Let's discuss it  01:48, 5 August 2011 (UTC)

I'm the original poster of the question, which I withdrew simply because I did not think it was poised in an intelligent fashion. But let me have another stab at this. Part of the problem (if there is a problem) is in defining parent peak. Yes, I see the material -- but it is a bit abstruse. Cullen's remark makes it more difficult for me to understand because I understand the parent peak concept as dealing strictly with elevations within a continental area and not lat/long. The fact that peakbagger.com is not available complicates matters. Does it give us a listing of parent peaks (and the children)? Is there another secondary source that explains or lists parent peaks, etc? --S. Rich (talk) 04:00, 5 August 2011 (UTC)

 * I thought it was good question. Peakbagger is back up. The Peakbagger page does not mention a parent peak. Indeed, the subject is abstruse. Parentage can have a number of meanings. Try reading this, and especially this, at Peaklist.org. The site claims that Mount Whitney's prominence parent is Pico de Orizaba, in Mexico. Pico de Orizaba's prominence parent is Mount Logan, in Canada. Prominence parentage is not the same a line parentage and distance in irrelevant. See this. Other terms used are encirclement  parentage, topographic parentage; and source parentage, some of which are synonymous. Also, most of this is totally irrelevant to the overwhelming majority of readers. This is, according to the webmaster of Peaklist.org the science of Orometry, which is such an obscure science that it is not defined on Wiktionary. – droll   [chat]  05:08, 5 August 2011 (UTC)

Drainage
I removed the following markup:

Water that falls to the west of the crest flows into the Pacific Ocean, while that to the east flows into the Great Basin. }}

The western slopes drain in to the Kern River and "since the late 19th century the Kern has been almost entirely diverted for irrigation", according to the Kern River article. The eastern slopes historically drained into the Owens River which emptied into the endorheic Owens Lake. Indeed, the Owens Valley is on the western edge of the Great Basin. Currently, most of this water is captured by the Los Angeles Aqueduct and might end up in the Pacific Ocean. – droll  [chat]

 * You are correct.  Cullen 328  Let's discuss it  03:57, 15 August 2011 (UTC)

Elevation measurement
With elavation measurement of Whitney being changed from 14,494 to 14,505 (+11 ft), have any of the other nearby mountains been recaluculated? I'm thinking, in particular, of Mt Barnard which used to be listed as a 14,000'er but was later revised to 13,990+ making it the highest 13,000'er in California. I have seen an elevation for Mt. Barnard given as 13,996 so a gain of a few feet would relist Barnard as 14,000+.

Yes, I was a peakbagger many years ago, but I never was on top of Mt. Baranrd so I have no personal gain in this. Seki1949 (talk) 03:19, 30 July 2012 (UTC)

 * There is no NGS data sheet for Barnard. Given a NGVD29 height of 4264 m, the VERTCON calculator produces a height of 4265.85 m, so poor Barnard is still a thirteener. —hike395 (talk) 04:24, 30 July 2012 (UTC)

Separately, I think there were more elevation estimate changes than the article currently lists. For example, High_Sierra_(film) states the height at 14,501 feet, a number which isn't mentioned in the article. I can't tell whether that was the standard height estimate in 1941, or based on some apocryphal estimate at the time, or just chosen because it sounds good. --Thomas B♘ talk 03:15, 18 November 2014 (UTC)

Tumanguya
On August 18, an IP editor added the information that the Native American name for Mount Whitney is "Tumanguya", which was later cited to an online women's magazine called Bustle, I do not think that this magazine is a reliable source for Native American names of mountains. I have climbed Mount Whitney and read about it extensively, and have never heard that name. I have checked three books in my own library, and none mentions "Tumanguya".

The Geographic Names Information System is very thorough in listing variant names of mountains. For example, they list 24 variants for Mount Shasta, six variants for Mount Rainier and 48 variants for Denali. Most of these variants are Native American names. However the GNIS listing for Mount Whitney includes only two real variants, one 19th century (Fisherman's Peak) and the second 20th century (Mount Churchill), neither Native American. The lack of Native American variants for Mount Whitney is not surprising. The three other peaks mentioned stand well apart from surrounding peaks, can be seen for hundreds of miles, and are memorable sights. Mount Whitney is just the highest point along an 11 mile high mountain ridge, surrounded by many other peaks nearly as high. From the Owens Valley, it does not seem to be the highest peak at all. I am unaware that Native Americans named individual peaks of the High Sierra, but I could be wrong.

California Place Names: A Geographical Dictionary is an excellent source for such information. For example, the word "Shasta" appears 86 times in that book. The word "Tumanguya" does not appear at all. Another excellent source is Place Names of the High Sierra which also does not mention "Tumanguya". As a matter of fact, the word "Tumanguya" does not appear anywhere in Google Books, Google Scholar or JSTOR searches, and only seems to appear on the internet at all in recent weeks.

Accordingly, I am removing "Tumanguya" from the article. I will not object to adding the information back into the article if it can be cited to a better quality source.I will not object to adding the information back into the article if it can be cited to a better quality source. Cullen328  Let's discuss it  22:20, 10 September 2015 (UTC)

I added a section with documentation from one of the first parties to climb the mountain, Judge William B. Wallace of Visalia. He gives the Native American (Paiute) name as "Too-man-i-goo-yah". Judge Wallace was active in the Mt. Whitney Club which was instrumental in advocating for park protection for the Whitney area. I have not yet been able to find a copy of California Senator John Miller's Senate Bill 463 which was the first proposal put forth for park protection. (Pixpixpix (talk) 01:05, 5 October 2015 (UTC))

To avoid confusion I renamed the subheading as "Native American Name". I see that for many peaks there is a distinct "Names" section near the top of the entry, an edit that might be appropriate at some time, consolidating all the name history. (Pixpixpix (talk) 19:29, 5 October 2015 (UTC))

Tumanguya variations
One of the reasons why cullen328 has found it difficult to locate the above particular spelling is because the Paiute term is transliterated in about a dozen ways. The reason why I think it is preferable to list the Tumanguya spelling is because it corresponds to the standard English writing system that typically does not insert commas and spaces in a pronouns or words. However the fact that these variations exist is evidence enough that a variant int he native american language exists. Kleinebeesjes (talk) 10:35, 5 October 2015 (UTC)

There are some problems with the recent edits.
 * "the term Tumanguya is a pronoun referring to a spirit believed to dwell within the mountain who looks over the peoples of the Owens Valley" . The reference to Francis P. Farquhar's 1926 book is incorrect. There are no Native American names for Mt.Whitney mentioned in the book
 * a form of address is a proper noun not a pronoun
 * You mention a dozen transliterations for the name. What is your source? I can only find two so far, "Too-man-i-goo-yah," from the 1902 Mount Whitney Club report and "Too-man-go-yah" first mentioned in 1998
 * There is no evidence of the transliteration "Tumanguya" before August 31, 2015. It may be that the author of the Bustle article made it up. We should be careful about promulgated newly invented terms

(Pixpixpix (talk) 18:11, 5 October 2015 (UTC))
 * I commend for finding the information about "Too-man-i-goo-yah". I share that editor's concern about "Tumanguya", and do not consider the Bustle source reliable for this information. Cullen328   Let's discuss it  19:04, 5 October 2015 (UTC)

Thanks Jim. I emailed the author of the Bustle article to ask what her sources were. (Pixpixpix (talk)) —Preceding undated comment added 19:10, 5 October 2015 (UTC)

 * Hi! I've received some messages about this in the past. I did not make this word up, but it would be wise to take down the article. 155.247.134.189 (talk) 21:52, 23 January 2024 (UTC)
 * I've removed it. --jpgordon𝄢𝄆𝄐𝄇 23:03, 23 January 2024 (UTC)

Elevation (Again)
According to a LENGTHY article available at the website for the Angeles Chapter of the Sierra Club, actual elevation is 14,500.3', based upon the best available marker under the old NGVD29 datum, as converted to the NAVD88 datum. See: http://angeles.sierraclub.org/news/blog/2012/10/climb_highest_mountain_how_high_mt_whitney Doug (talk) 05:01, 3 September 2017 (UTC)

 * That was written in 2012. The most recent authoritative measurements give 14505 ft; see https://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/ds_mark.prl?PidBox=GT1811. Looie496 (talk) 15:07, 3 September 2017 (UTC)

 * The lengthy article is a blog, which would fail WP:RS. If those NGS experts were to publish a peer-reviewed paper, then we would update. —hike395 (talk) 01:07, 4 September 2017 (UTC)

External links modified (February 2018)
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Name
Hi, I'm trying to clear up misinformation and remove citation 29. I keep getting violation warnings from the editor. I wrote the original article and I don't think it should be included as a reference. 155.247.134.189 (talk) 22:54, 23 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mount Whitney


text:
Alvan Graham Clark

Alvan Graham Clark (July 10, 1832 – June 9, 1897) was an American astronomer and telescope-maker.

Biography
Alvan Graham Clark was born in Fall River, Massachusetts, the son of Alvan Clark, founder of Alvan Clark & Sons.

On January 31, 1862, while testing a new 18.5 in aperture great refractor telescope in Cambridgeport, Massachusetts, Clark made the first ever observation of a white dwarf star. This discovery of Sirius B, or affectionately "the Pup", proved an earlier hypotheses (Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel in 1844) that Sirius, the brightest star in the night sky with an apparent magnitude of −1.46, had an unseen companion disturbing its motion. Clark used the largest refracting telescope lens in existence at the time, and the largest telescope in the United States, to observe the magnitude 8 companion.

Clark's 18.5 inch refracting telescope was then delivered to his customer, the landmark Dearborn Observatory of Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, where it is still being used today.

Alvan Graham Clark died in Cambridge, Massachusetts on June 9, 1897.

title: Alvan Graham Clark


text:
Alvan Clark

Alvan Clark (March 8, 1804 – August 19, 1887), born in Ashfield, Massachusetts, was an American astronomer and telescope maker.

Biography
He started as a portrait painter and engraver (c.1830s–1850s), and at the age of 40 became involved in telescope making. Using glass blanks made by Chance Brothers of Birmingham, England, and Feil-Mantois of Paris, France, his firm Alvan Clark & Sons ground lenses for refracting telescopes. Their lenses included the largest in the world at the time: the 18.5 in at Dearborn Observatory at the Old University of Chicago (the lens originally intended for Ole Miss); also the two 26 in telescopes at the United States Naval Observatory and McCormick Observatory, the 30 in at Pulkovo Observatory, which was destroyed in the Siege of Leningrad (only the lens survives), the 36 in telescope at Lick Observatory (still the third-largest), and later the 40 in at Yerkes Observatory, which remains the largest successful refracting telescope in the world.

Although not specifically searching for double stars, he did make a number of discoveries while testing his completed telescope objectives, including Mu Herculis, 8 Sextantis, and 95 Ceti. One of Clark's sons, Alvan Graham Clark, discovered the dim companion of Sirius. Two craters bear Clark Sr.'s name. The crater Clark on the Moon is jointly named for him and his son, Alvan Graham Clark, and one on Mars is named in his honour. His other son was George Bassett Clark; both sons were partners in the firm.

Clark was also competitive in target shooting and received a patent for his device to allow bullets to be seated into a muzzle-loading rifle without damage to either the bullet or the rifle's muzzle. Exclusive license to this patent (1,565 of April 24, 1840) was made to Edwin Wesson, brother of Daniel B. Wesson.

In 1880, Clark was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society.

Image gallery

 * Portraits by Clark

title: Alvan Clark


text:
USS Long

USS Long (DD-209/DMS-12), named for John Davis Long (1838–1915), Secretary of the Navy from 1897 to 1902, was a Clemson-class destroyer of the United States Navy.

Construction and commissioning
Long was laid down by the William Cramp & Sons at Philadelphia on 23 September 1918, launched on 26 April 1919 by Mrs. Arnold Knapp (née Julia James Long) and commissioned on 20 October 1919.

Service history
After shakedown along the United States East Coast, Long sailed late in the year for the Mediterranean. Assigned to Destroyer Division 26, she patrolled the Adriatic and Mediterranean and served as station ship before steaming to the Philippines early in 1921 for duty with Asiatic station. Based at Cavite, Luzon, she patrolled the South China Sea until July 1922 when she was ordered to the United States. Long decommissioned at San Diego, California, 30 December 1922.

Long recommissioned at San Diego 29 March 1930. Operating out of San Diego during the next decade, Long cruised primarily in the Pacific off North and Central America for division exercises and screen and plane guard duty. Between 1933 and 1935 she twice entered the rotating Reserve as part of Destroyer Squadron 20.

In 1940, she was converted to destroyer minesweeper, and reclassified DMS-12 on 19 November 1940.

World War II
Long operated along the United States West Coast and in Hawaiian waters with Mine Squadron 2. On 5 December 1941, she departed Pearl Harbor in the screen for USS Indianapolis (CA-35). Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor two days later, she returned there 9 December and began antisubmarine patrols. She also escorted ships among the Hawaiian Islands and between March and June 1942, made escort runs to Midway, Palmyra, and Canton.

Long left Pearl Harbor 30 June for patrol and escort duty in Alaskan waters. After colliding with USS Monaghan (DD-354) in heavy fog 27 July, she repaired at San Francisco, California, returning to Kodiak on 27 September for screen and antisubmarine patrols. During the Arctic winter, she patrolled the approaches to Adak and guarded convoys as American forces sought to defeat Japanese garrisons in the western Aleutians.

Alaska
Long took part in the unopposed occupation of Amchitka 12 January 1943, and while patrolling along the Island, helped repel Japanese air attacks 31 January and 1 February. Thence, she joined Rear Admiral Francis W. Rockwell's TF 51 on 3 May for the Invasion of Attu. Steaming through the heavy spring seas and blanketing fog of the Bering Sea, she closed on Attu on 11 May and swept for mines prior to the successful landings later that day.

Long continued escort and patrol operations for the occupations of Attu and Kiska through the summer, returning to Pearl Harbor on 16 September to escort merchantmen to San Francisco where she overhauled. After patrol in Hawaiian waters from 15 November to 22 January 1944, she escorted reinforcements to Roi and Namur in the Marshalls on 2 February, then joined TF 76 on 28 February in New Guinea waters. She served as an escort and swept mines in the conquest of the Admiralties early in March, then escorted convoys to and from Milne Bay, Guadalcanal, and Espiritu Santo from Cape Sudest.

Hollandia and Marianas
On 18 April, Long sailed for the invasion of the Hollandia (currently known as Jayapura) area; she entered Humboldt Bay 22 April, made an exploratory sweep, and then fired a close-in preinvasion bombardment. Long arrived at Guadalcanal early in May to prepare for the Marianas assault, for which she sailed 4 June. Arriving Saipan 13 June for preinvasion sweeps west of the island, Long served as radar picket and guard ship until 24 June, then after a voyage to the Marshalls, screened the battleship USS Pennsylvania (BB-38) during preinvasion bombardment of Guam beginning 12 July. After antisubmarine and convoy escort duty, Long joined TG 32.5 at Guadalcanal 16 August.

Palaus
Long sortied for the assault on the Palaus on 6 September, cleared mines off Peleliu and Angaur, and in Kossol Passage from 12 to 16 September, then had escort and patrol duty between the Palaus and Admiralties until joining the 7th Fleet on 4 October for the invasion of the Philippines.

Philippines
Leaving Seeadler Harbor 10 October with Minesweeping Unit 1, Long entered Leyte Gulf on 17 October. Spearheading the invasion, she cleared mines off Dinagat and Hibuson Islands, and in the Dulag-Tacloban approach channel. After sweeping Surigao Strait, she patrolled and served as smokescreen ship in Leyte Gulf until 23 October, when the destroyer joined the transport screen and steamed in convoy for Manus, arriving on 29 October.

Sunk by kamikazes at Lingayen Gulf
After repairs and training at Manus, Long departed 23 December to sweep for the landings at Lingayen Gulf, Luzon; her group was attacked 2 January 1945 in the Mindanao Sea in the first of the frequent air raids with which the Japanese attempted to repel the invasion of Luzon. Long began mine sweeps in Lingayen Gulf 6 January, evading and firing upon Japanese aircraft as she carried out her intricate mission. Shortly after noon, beginning her second run, Long spotted two Mitsubishi A6M Zeros heading for her.

Long went to 25 knots and opened fire, but a kamikaze crashed into her portside below the bridge about 1 foot above the waterline. With fires and explosions amidships, Long lost power and internal communications, and was unable to fight fires forward. Her commanding officer, Lieutenant Stanley Caplan, fearing an explosion in the forward magazine, gave permission for men trapped on the forecastle to leave the ship, but through a misunderstanding, the crew aft abandoned ship. All were quickly rescued by USS Hovey (DD-208) standing by to aid the burning but still seaworthy ship, in fact a total of 149 of Long's crew were picked up by the Hovey.

Lieutenant Caplan prepared to lead a salvage party and board Long from USS Apache (ATF-67), but continuing heavy air attacks prevented firefighting and salvage attempts. Later that afternoon a second plane attacked Long and exploded at the same spot, destroying the bridge and breaking the ship's back. Long capsized and sank the following morning, January 7. Around eighteen of the survivors rescued from the Long by Hovey perished when Hovey herself received an aerial torpedo to her aft engine room on January 7 around 450. Most of Hovey's survivors were rescued by the USS Chandler.

Awards
Long received nine battle stars for World War II service.

title: USS Long