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Q-Tip (musician)

Kamaal Ibn John Fareed (born Jonathan William Davis, April 10, 1970), better known by his stage name Q-Tip, is an American rapper, record producer, singer, and DJ. Nicknamed the Abstract, he is noted for his innovative jazz-influenced style of hip hop production and his philosophical, esoteric and introspective lyrical themes. He embarked on his music career in the late 1980s, as an MC and main producer of the influential alternative hip hop group A Tribe Called Quest. In the mid-1990s, he co-founded the production team The Ummah, followed by the release of his gold-certified solo debut Amplified in 1999. In the following decade, he released the Grammy Award-nominated album The Renaissance (2008) and the experimental album Kamaal the Abstract (2009).

As an actor, Q-Tip has appeared in various films, such as Poetic Justice, She Hate Me, and Prison Song, the latter of which he co-wrote and played the lead role. As a DJ, he has hosted the Apple Music 1 radio show Abstract Radio since 2015. In 2016, Q-Tip was named the artistic director for hip hop culture at the Kennedy Center, and in 2018, he became the instructor of a jazz and hip hop course at New York University's Clive Davis Institute of Recorded Music.

Q-Tip is one of the most acclaimed figures in hip hop. AllMusic states that he "led a jazz-based hip-hop revolution during the '90s", calling him "the best rapper/producer in hip-hop history". Several publications have ranked him as one the greatest rappers and hip hop producers of all time, with The Source ranking him the 20th greatest rap lyricist, and Billboard ranking him the sixth greatest hip hop producer. In 2024, Q-Tip was selected for induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, as a member of A Tribe Called Quest.

Early life
Q-Tip was born Jonathan William Davis on April 10, 1970, in Harlem, New York City. His father, Jonathan Davis II, emigrated from the Caribbean island of Montserrat and was raised in Cleveland. His mother is an African American from Alabama. When he was a child, his family settled in St. Albans, Queens, New York City. He first met his friend Phife Dawg at church when they were both two years old. At age nine, he began rapping after being encouraged by Phife Dawg; shortly before that, they both heard "Rapper's Delight" by The Sugarhill Gang for the first time. He was also inspired by his father's extensive jazz record collection, and at age 12, he began to DJ and make pause tape beats.

Q-Tip attended Murry Bergtraum High School in Manhattan, where he first befriended Ali Shaheed Muhammad, Afrika Baby Bam and Mike Gee, with the latter two forming the hip-hop group Jungle Brothers. In high school, he participated in rap battles and went by the stage names J Nice and MC Love Child. In 1985, he and Muhammad formed an MC and DJ duo, and using recording equipment provided by Muhammad's uncle, they began making demos. They were later joined by Phife Dawg, who also rapped, and neighborhood friend Jarobi White; collectively, they were known as Quest.

When Q-Tip was 16 years old, his father died of emphysema.

1988–1993: Early success with A Tribe Called Quest
Afrika Baby Bam gave him the nickname "Q-Tip", which became popular in high school, eventually becoming his stage name. In 1988, Q-Tip was featured on Jungle Brothers' songs "The Promo", which he helped produce, and "Black Is Black", in which he renamed his group A Tribe Called Quest, a name that was given by Afrika Baby Bam. Both songs appeared on Jungle Brothers' debut album, Straight out the Jungle. That year, the two groups met the like-minded group De La Soul, with the three groups forming the core of the Native Tongues collective, known for their Afrocentrism, positivity and eclectic sampling.

In 1989, A Tribe Called Quest signed with Jive Records after being rejected by several labels, due to their unconventional image and sound. After recording several demos, they began working on their debut album, with Q-Tip serving as the group's main producer. During this period, Q-Tip began using the E-mu SP-1200 and Akai S950 samplers. The album, People's Instinctive Travels and the Paths of Rhythm, was released in early 1990 and established Q-Tip as a highly skilled lyricist. Later that year, he made a guest appearance on the house single "Groove Is in the Heart" by Deee-Lite, which became a worldwide hit.

In 1991, A Tribe Called Quest released their second album, The Low End Theory. Wanting the group to "step it up in general", Q-Tip encouraged Phife Dawg, who had recently become diabetic, to stay with the group and increase his participation. The result was the "smoothest" rapping "of any rap record ever heard", due to the duo's strong chemistry. The group also garnered acclaim for Q-Tip's jazzy minimalist production.

The following year, Q-Tip was involved in a fight with new jack swing group Wreckx-n-Effect, over Phife Dawg's lyrics on the single "Jazz (We've Got)". As a result, it is believed that the ski mask that Q-Tip wore, in A Tribe Called Quest's video for the single "Hot Sex", was covering up his injuries.

By 1993, Q-Tip became known for his outside production work, producing the hit single "Gangsta Bitch" by Apache, among other songs. The song's chorus was performed by Tupac Shakur in the film Poetic Justice, in which Q-Tip made his acting debut as Janet Jackson's love interest. Later that year, A Tribe Called Quest released their third album, Midnight Marauders, which was hailed as the group's most complete work. Along with his "practically telepathic" lyrical interplay with Phife Dawg, the album introduced Q-Tip's gritty style of production.

1994–1995: Production work and formation of the Ummah
After two critically acclaimed platinum-selling albums with his group, Q-Tip began focusing on outside production. In 1994, he produced the single "One Love" from Nas's debut album Illmatic and performed the song's chorus. He also remixed the Nas single "The World Is Yours", as well as Craig Mack's single "Get Down", in which he contributed a guest verse. He made an additional guest appearance on the song "Get It Together" by Beastie Boys, from their album Ill Communication.

Film director Spike Lee asked Q-Tip to produce the single "Crooklyn" for the soundtrack to his 1994 film of the same name. Q-Tip helped Lee recruit three Brooklyn MCs for the song: Special Ed, Masta Ace and Buckshot, who formed the group Crooklyn Dodgers.

During that year's Lollapalooza, keyboardist Amp Fiddler introduced Q-Tip to young Detroit producer Jay Dee, who gave Q-Tip a demo tape of his group Slum Village. After being impressed by Jay Dee's beats, Q-Tip suggested that the two work together. By 1995, Q-Tip, Jay Dee and Muhammad formed a production team, known as The Ummah, in which each member produced songs individually and received a songwriting credit for their work. He and Muhammad also created a label, Museum Music, with Vinia Mojica becoming their first artist.

Queens duo Mobb Deep, whom Q-Tip discovered in the early 1990s, enlisted him as a mixing engineer and producer for their 1995 album The Infamous. He also contributed a verse to the song "Drink Away the Pain (Situations)".

1996–1998: Declining group chemistry to breakup
In 1996, The Ummah's production first appeared on Busta Rhymes's debut album, The Coming, with Q-Tip producing and rapping on the song "Ill Vibe", while Jay Dee produced the other two Ummah productions on the album. That summer, A Tribe Called Quest released their fourth album, Beats, Rhymes and Life, which was produced by The Ummah. Although Q-Tip was involved in the album's production, he considered the album a "showcase" for Jay Dee, who produced both of the singles, "1nce Again" and "Stressed Out", along with three other songs. Q-Tip also added his younger cousin Consequence as a guest rapper on six songs. Much of the album's lyrical themes were inspired by Q-Tip's recent conversion to Islam; however, his relationship with Phife Dawg became strained, negatively affecting their lyrical chemistry. Q-Tip also became an A&R for Motown Records and signed Consequence to Museum Music.

The following year, he made a guest appearance on Janet Jackson's single "Got 'til It's Gone" and co-produced Mariah Carey's single "Honey", both of which became worldwide hits. In early 1998, a fire completely destroyed Q-Tip's home recording studio; among the items destroyed in the blaze were his entire record collection, consisting of nearly 20,000 vinyl records, and a computer containing many unreleased songs. The fire delayed the release of A Tribe Called Quest's fifth album, The Love Movement, pushing the release date from May to September of that year. Produced by The Ummah, the album explored the lyrical theme of love; however, A Tribe Called Quest disbanded a month before the album's release.

1999–2000: Amplified and solo success
After the breakup of his group, Q-Tip began pursuing a solo career in 1999. He collaborated with R&B singer Raphael Saadiq and released the hit single "Get Involved". Later that year, he signed with Arista Records and released his solo debut, Amplified, which he produced with Jay Dee. The album was promoted by the hit singles "Vivrant Thing" and "Breathe and Stop", which were more pop-oriented than his previous work with A Tribe Called Quest. However, other songs on the album maintained the ethos of the group and it received mostly positive reviews from critics. In January 2000, it was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America and "Vivrant Thing" was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Rap Solo Performance, presented a month later at the 42nd Grammy Awards.

Q-Tip described his house fire as "symbolic", because he was left with no records to sample, but still had the desire to make music. In late 1999, he began seeking musicians for a live band, taking drum lessons from Omar Hakim, studying bel canto, and taking piano lessons from Weldon Irvine, whom he sampled for A Tribe Called Quest's "Award Tour" single. He also became a member of the Soulquarians collective during this period.

2001–2007: Label issues and collaborations
In 2001, Q-Tip starred in the film Prison Song, which he co-wrote with the film's director, Darnell Martin. He also contributed to the film score, producing four songs. That year, he completed his follow-up album Kamaal the Abstract, which was recorded with a live band and featured Q-Tip singing the majority of its songs. Originally slated for release in October 2001, the release date was pushed to April 2002, before Arista record executives decided not to release it, doubting its commercial potential. Q-Tip explained his label situation during this period:

"Well, after I put out Amplified, I was talking to Clive Davis [at Arista] about doing this album with the band. I started recording an album, which went on to become Kamaal the Abstract. And Clive's regime was up [in 2000], and [Def Jam heads] Lyor Cohen and Russell [Simmons] told me I should stay at Arista. So I did that, and I gave [the album] to L.A. Reid, who wound up taking over. And he heard the album, really liked it, whatever. We started servicing it to press — and then he just got cold feet about it. He was saying it was really left for him or something. So I then got a release from Arista, and I went over to DreamWorks and recorded an album called Open. And then DreamWorks got bought out [in 2003], so the whole label fell apart. Then I wound up on Interscope for like a month or two. I had like one conversation with Jimmy Iovine. It was a good conversation. And then I wound up at Geffen for like a year and a half."

During this period, between album releases, Q-Tip recorded about 500 songs, about 300 of which were instrumentals. His 2002 guest appearance on Large Professor's song "In the Sun" earned him "Rhyme of the Month" in The Source. In 2003, he co-produced Heartcore, an album by jazz guitarist Kurt Rosenwinkel. In 2005, he released the single "For the Nasty" on the Motown label, featuring Busta Rhymes, and was featured on The Chemical Brothers' hit single "Galvanize", from their album Push the Button. The following year, "Galvanize" won the Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording, earning Q-Tip his first Grammy Award.

Jay Dee, who later went by the name J Dilla, died of the blood disease TTP in February 2006, with Q-Tip serving as a pallbearer at his funeral. The two had planned to work on a collaborative album, Buddy Lee, before his death. That year, A Tribe Called Quest reunited for a tour across North America. In 2007, Q-Tip signed with Universal Motown Records and released the single "Work It Out".

2008–2009: The Renaissance and Kamaal the Abstract
His second official album, The Renaissance, was released in late 2008, through Universal Motown, and included reworked songs from his shelved Open album. It spawned the singles "Gettin' Up" and "Move", which was produced by J Dilla. The album garnered widespread acclaim from critics, who praised it as a return to his A Tribe Called Quest roots. It became his highest-charting album on the Billboard 200, at number 11, and was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Rap Album, presented at the 52nd Grammy Awards in 2010.

After being shelved for seven years, Kamaal the Abstract was finally released in September 2009, through Battery Records. The album received mostly positive reviews from critics, including reviews from its initial press run in 2002.

2010–2016: Production work and final group album
Q-Tip was among a group of producers who were brought to work on Kanye West's 2010 album, My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy. In 2011, his production eventually appeared on West and Jay-Z's collaborative album Watch the Throne, contributing to the songs "Lift Off" and "That's My Bitch". The following year, Q-Tip signed to West's GOOD Music label, through Def Jam, and prepared the release of his new album, The Last Zulu.

In 2013, Q-Tip announced that A Tribe Called Quest would perform their last show, as an opening act for West's Yeezus Tour, and the following year, he produced the song "Meteorite" for Mariah Carey and co-wrote "Ain't That Easy" and "Sugah Daddy" from D'Angelo's Black Messiah album. However, in 2015, the group performed live on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon to commemorate the 25th anniversary of People's Instinctive Travels and the Paths of Rhythm. That year, Q-Tip began hosting the radio show Abstract Radio on Apple Music 1, explaining that his intent was "rather than just follow any sort of current, what's popular...to try [instead] to figure out how to bridge many gaps and bring it all into one singular voice of good music."

In March 2016, Q-Tip was appointed as the Kennedy Center's first artistic director for hip-hop culture, curating a series of hip-hop programs for the performing arts center. Later that month, Phife Dawg died of complications relating to diabetes. That October, Q-Tip revealed that A Tribe Called Quest secretly began working on a new album shortly after their Tonight Show appearance, completing the album after Phife Dawg's death. The following month, the group released their final album, We Got It from Here... Thank You 4 Your Service, which received widespread acclaim from critics.

2017–present: The Last Zulu, AlGoRhythms, and Riotdiaries
In 2018, he recorded a cover version of Elton John and Kiki Dee's song "Don't Go Breaking My Heart" with Demi Lovato. He also announced that his delayed album The Last Zulu would be released soon. Later that year, he joined the faculty of New York University's Clive Davis Institute of Recorded Music, where he began teaching a course that explores the connection between jazz and hip hop. In an October 2018 interview, he claimed that he would never retire or cease production work, stating, "I will do this to my death."

In 2019, Q-Tip revealed that he was working on three solo albums (The Last Zulu, AlGoRhythms, and Riotdiaries), as well as projects by Mary J. Blige and Danny Brown. He served as executive producer of Brown's album U Know What I'm Sayin?, released in October 2019. Later that year, he also appeared on the song "Hit Man" from Gang Starr's album One of the Best Yet. Q-Tip performed the chorus on the song "Yah Yah" from Eminem's 2020 album, Music to Be Murdered By. He also performed the chorus on the track "More Life", which he co-produced, from Cordae's 2021 EP, Just Until... Q-Tip is the producer of LL Cool J's upcoming solo album, The FORCE.

Jack White's 2022 album Fear of the Dawn features Q-Tip on the single "Hi-De-Ho".

Production
As a producer, Q-Tip is a self-proclaimed "perfectionist-at-work" and is known for his innovative and experimental production, which "led a jazz-based hip-hop revolution during the '90s". In particular, he is noted for his ability to layer programmed drums, giving the drums a grittier sound; his unconventional use of three-bar loops; and his frequent use of rests (or "space"), which was inspired by Miles Davis.

Pharrell Williams has stated that Q-Tip "picks the best loops ... he'd pick like the illest chord, bassline and all that." Williams asserted that "we're all [Q-Tip's] sons", referring to himself, J Dilla and Kanye West, further stating that "we wouldn't be here man, if it wasn't for Tribe albums." 9th Wonder credits him for starting the trend of jazz sampling in hip hop:

"Q-Tip started the whole idea of 'Okay, we beat up every James Brown record that we could. We exasperated every P-Funk record that we could.' So Q-Tip took the idea of 'some of this Cal Tjader record' or 'what's up with Lou Donaldson?' or 'What's up with Cannonball [Adderley]?' or 'What's up with Grant Green?' or 'What's up with Grover Washington? Why are we not using those?'"

Q-Tip's recent production is a mix of live instrumentation and sampled music. Two decades after his house fire, he has since rebuilt his record collection; as of 2016, it consists of about 9,000 vinyl records.

Lyricism and rapping technique
As an MC, Q-Tip is noted for his philosophical, esoteric and introspective lyricism, often putting socially conscious messages in his lyrics. He writes his lyrics to the beat, allowing the music to help serve as inspiration for his songwriting. Q-Tip's flow is commonly described as "mellow" and "smooth". When rapping, he treats his voice "like an instrument" in the music and is noted for his "flexible" rhyme schemes.

Personal life
Q-Tip converted to Islam in the mid-1990s, changing his name to Kamaal Ibn John Fareed. He also follows a vegetarian diet and practices Transcendental Meditation.

He has been romantically linked to Janet Jackson, Mariah Carey, Angie Martinez and Nicole Kidman. He is also a longtime friend of actor Leonardo DiCaprio and comedian Dave Chappelle.

According to a DNA analysis he took in 2012, Q-Tip is descended, mainly, from the Jola people of Guinea-Bissau.

As of 2016, he has lived in Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, and in nearby Edgewater.

Discography

 * Studio albums
 * Amplified (Arista, 1999)
 * The Renaissance (Universal Motown, 2008)
 * Kamaal the Abstract (Battery, 2009)
 * The Last Zulu (TBA)
 * AlGoRhythms (TBA)
 * Riotdiaries (TBA)

 * with A Tribe Called Quest
 * People's Instinctive Travels and the Paths of Rhythm (Jive, 1990)
 * The Low End Theory (Jive, 1991)
 * Midnight Marauders (Jive, 1993)
 * Beats, Rhymes and Life (Jive, 1996)
 * The Love Movement (Jive, 1998)
 * We Got It from Here... Thank You 4 Your Service (Epic, 2016)

BET Hip Hop Awards

 * rowspan="2"|2009
 * The Renaissance
 * Album of the Year
 * Nominated
 * Nominated

Grammy Awards

 * rowspan="2"|1997
 * Beats, Rhymes and Life (A Tribe Called Quest)
 * Best Rap Album
 * Nominated
 * "1nce Again" (A Tribe Called Quest)
 * Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group
 * Nominated
 * 1998
 * "Honey" (as songwriter)
 * Best R&B Song
 * Nominated
 * 1999
 * The Love Movement (A Tribe Called Quest)
 * Best Rap Album
 * Nominated
 * 2000
 * "Vivrant Thing"
 * Best Rap Solo Performance
 * Nominated
 * 2006
 * "Galvanize" (with The Chemical Brothers)
 * Best Dance Recording
 * Won
 * 2010
 * The Renaissance
 * Best Rap Album
 * Nominated
 * 2012
 * Beats, Rhymes & Life: The Travels of A Tribe Called Quest (A Tribe Called Quest)
 * Best Long Form Music Video
 * Nominated
 * 2014
 * "Nakamarra" (with Hiatus Kaiyote)
 * Best R&B Performance
 * Nominated
 * 2016
 * "Go" (with The Chemical Brothers)
 * Best Dance Recording
 * Nominated
 * 2014
 * "Nakamarra" (with Hiatus Kaiyote)
 * Best R&B Performance
 * Nominated
 * 2016
 * "Go" (with The Chemical Brothers)
 * Best Dance Recording
 * Nominated
 * Best Dance Recording
 * Nominated

MTV Video Music Awards

 * rowspan="2"|2000
 * "Vivrant Thing"
 * Best Hip-Hop Video
 * Nominated
 * Nominated

Soul Train Music Awards

 * rowspan="2"|2000
 * "Vivrant Thing"
 * rowspan="2"|Best R&B/Soul or Rap Music Video
 * Nominated
 * "Hot Boyz" (with Missy Elliott, Lil' Mo, Nas and Eve)
 * Nominated
 * "Hot Boyz" (with Missy Elliott, Lil' Mo, Nas and Eve)
 * Nominated

title: Q-Tip (musician)


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Talk:Duklja

Why is Duklja said to be South Slavic state, when it is clearly stated in the Wiki article that it was Serbian? https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vojislavljevi%C4%87_dynasty Is it a crime to write the truth or some kind of conspiracy to delete as much of Serbian name from the Balkans as you can?

Extended-confirmed-protected edit request on 23 August 2021
Why is Duklja said to be south Slavic state and not Serbian, when even in the Wiki article about Duklja founding and rulling dinasty it is clearly stated that it was Serbian? https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vojislavljevi%C4%87_dynasty Also, by the time that Duklja was formed as a state, ethnicities in that part of the Balkans were already formed and there was no South Slavic ethnicity. Is it a crime to say the truth or it is some kind of conspiracy to remove as much of Serbian name from Balkans history as you can, something that I've been noticing a lot lately? 109.93.105.223 (talk) 05:14, 23 August 2021 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 09:11, 24 August 2021 (UTC)
 * That's interesting because, for the longest time, this article used to clearly state the fact that Duklja was a Serbian medieval state, until it was changed in 2021, and with zero citations. Not sure what kind of kangaroo encyclopedia you're trying to run, but it would be a good idea to at least abide by your own rules. So, what you should ask is who and why changed the article from its original form and why they have locked it afterward to prevent anyone from correcting their change, which, again, has no citation. Never mind the fact that the OP is completely right in telling you that "south Slavic" is nor was it ever an ethnicity. So I think you know exactly what's going on here and are just acting the ignoramus. 178.221.64.252 (talk) 02:02, 14 June 2022 (UTC)
 * At the very least, you should just remove the "south Slavic" part and have it say "...was a medieval state," for now, until the article is returned to its original, correct form. In it's current state the article just looks ridiculous and clearly implies that whoever changed it had an agenda or just a general aversion to the word "Serbian." 178.221.64.252 (talk) 02:07, 14 June 2022 (UTC)

The map provided for the Wikipedia page.
The current map is generally terrible. It's a known fact that Kotor was ceded to Duklja by Tsar Samuel who lived way before this. And there's no evidence to suggest that the Soli region was Byzantine. It is more likely that it was ruled by Duklja, as the Byzantines could realistically be unable to maintain the region. Petarrc13 (talk) 17:54, 16 August 2022 (UTC)

Replying to this again. Are there going to be any changes made? Because the borders of this map are highly inaccurate. Petarrc13 (talk) 07:33, 14 February 2023 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Duklja


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Great Ape Project

The Great Ape Project (GAP), founded in 1993, is an international organization of primatologists, anthropologists, ethicists, and others who advocate a United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Great Apes that would confer basic legal rights on non-human great apes: bonobos, chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans.

The rights suggested are the right to life, the protection of individual liberty, and the prohibition of torture. The organization also monitors individual great ape activity in the United States through a census program. Once rights are established, GAP would demand the release of great apes from captivity; currently 3,100 are held in the U.S., including 1,280 in biomedical research facilities.

The Great Ape Project (book)
The 1994 book The Great Ape Project: Equality Beyond Humanity, edited by philosophers Paola Cavalieri and Peter Singer, features contributions from thirty-four authors, including Jane Goodall and Richard Dawkins, who have submitted articles voicing their support for the project. The authors write that human beings are intelligent animals with a varied social, emotional, and cognitive life. If great apes also display such attributes, the authors argue, they deserve the same consideration humans extend to members of their own species.

The book highlights findings that support the capacity of great apes to possess rationality and self-consciousness, and the ability to be aware of themselves as distinct entities with a past and future. Documented conversations (in sign languages) with individual great apes are the basis for these findings. Other subjects addressed within the book include the division placed between humans and great apes, great apes as persons, progress in gaining rights for the severely intellectually disabled (once an overlooked minority), and the situation of great apes in the world today.

World Declaration on Great Apes
The Great Ape Project is campaigning to have the United Nations endorse a World Declaration on Great Apes. This would extend what the project calls the "community of equals" to include chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans. The declaration seeks to extend to non-human great apes the protection of three basic interests: the right to life, the protection of individual liberty, and the prohibition of torture.

Right to life
The declaration states that members of the community of equals, which includes humans, have an essential right to life and may not be killed except in certain strictly defined circumstances such as self-defense.

Protection of individual liberty
The declaration states that members of the community of equals are not to be deprived of their liberty, and are entitled to immediate release where there has been no form of due process. Under the proposed declaration, the detention of great apes who have not been convicted of any crime or who are not criminally liable should be permitted only where it can be shown that the detention is in their own interests or is necessary to protect the public. The declaration says there must be a right of appeal, either directly or through an advocate, to a judicial tribunal.

Prohibition of torture
The declaration prohibits the torture, defined as the deliberate infliction of severe pain, on any great ape, whether wantonly or because of a perceived benefit to others. Under International Human Rights Law this is a jus cogens principle and under all major human rights documents it cannot at any time be derogated by any State.

Opposition
Professor Colin Blakemore, head of the Medical Research Council in the United Kingdom from 2003–2007, is opposed to granting rights to non-human apes, stating "I can see no current necessity for the use of great apes, and I'm pleased that they're not being used and that every effort is being made to reduce the use of other primates. But I worry about the principle of where the moral boundaries lie. There is only one very secure definition that can be made, and that is between our species and others." Blakemore suggests that it would be necessary to perform research on great apes if humans were threatened by a pandemic virus that afflicted only humans and other great apes. The British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection described Blakemore's stance as "backward-looking".

United States
A study commissioned by the National Institute of Health (NIH) and conducted by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) concluded in a report (see report brief ) released on 15 December 2011 that "while the chimpanzee has been a valuable animal model in past research, most current use of chimpanzees for biomedical research is unnecessary". The primary recommendation is that the use of chimpanzees in research be guided by a set of principles and criteria, in effect to greatly limit government-funded research using chimpanzees. Falling short of calling for the out-right ban of using chimpanzees for research, the report acknowledged that new emerging, or re-emerging diseases may require the use of chimpanzees, echoing Professor Colin Blakemore's concern.

Francis Collins, Director of NIH announced on the same day the report was released that he accepted the recommendations and will develop the implementation plan which includes the forming of an expert committee to review all submitted grant applications and projects already underway involving the use of chimpanzees. Furthermore, no new grant applications using chimpanzees will be reviewed until further notice.

On 21 September 2012, NIH announced that 110 chimpanzees owned by the government will be retired. NIH owns about 500 chimpanzees for research, this move signifies the first step to wind down NIH's investment in chimpanzee research, according to Francis Collins. Currently housed at the New Iberia Research Center in Louisiana, 10 of the retired chimpanzees will go to the chimpanzee sanctuary Chimp Haven while the rest will go to Texas Biomedical Research Institute in San Antonio. However concerns over the chimpanzee's status in the Texas Biomedical Research Institute as "research ineligible" rather than "retired" prompted NIH to reconsider the plan and it announced on 17 October 2012 that as many chimpanzees as possible will be relocated to Chimp Haven by August 2013 and eventually all 110 will move there.

On 22 January 2013, a NIH task force released a report calling for the government to retire most of the chimpanzees the U.S. government support. The panel concluded that the animals provide little benefit in biomedical discoveries except in a few disease cases which can be supported by a small population of 50 primates for future research. Other approaches such as genetically altered mice should be developed and refined.

On 13 November 2013, the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate passed The Chimpanzee Health Improvement, Maintenance and Protection Act, approving the funding to expand the capacity of Chimp Haven and other chimpanzee sanctuaries, thus allowing the transfer of almost all of the apes owned by the federal government to live in a more natural and group environment than in the laboratory. The transfer is expected to take five years when all but 50 chimpanzees, which will remain with the NIH, will be "retired".

Germany
The Great Ape Project achieved many of its goals in its early years: New Zealand completely banned invasive experiments on great apes in 1999, as did the Balearic Islands (an autonomous region of the monarchy of Spain) in 2007, deciding to implement certain fundamental rights for great apes in their code of law. However, the project entered a long period of political stagnation in Europe. All hopes that the achievements on the Balearic Islands would spark off further steps on the mainland of Spain and from there to other European countries proved to be futile. Efforts in Spain were largely curtailed due to the influence of the Catholic Church, obstructing the project's goals. In 2011, however, the project was given an official relaunch in Germany, supported by the Germany-based Giordano-Bruno-Stiftung.

Great Ape Project Germany filed an official law initiative in spring of 2014, to have the aforesaid fundamental rights for great apes implemented into the constitutional law of  the Federal Republic of Germany. The goal was (and still is) to have the animal welfare law extended to specifically grant the great apes the rights needed, to give them the chance, to have legal guardians representing their interests. In analogy to infants or of people suffering from dementia or Alzheimer disease, who cannot speak for themselves, legal guardians could file lawsuits against anyone violating the fundamental rights of the apes. Right now there are only animal protection laws, giving the animals no active legitimization.

title: Great Ape Project


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Talk:Benjamin Harrison V

While the reverts of your edits appear to be warranted, I encourage you to use this talk page to raise and discuss your suggestions.Hoppyh (talk) 14:44, 4 July 2020 (UTC)

We seem have an edit war going here; I do believe that Meanmemescorrecting being reverted is appropriate. Of course the slavery issue is ripe for this circumstance, so I’m inviting discussion, but to no avail. Thanks for your help.Hoppyh (talk) 16:23, 4 July 2020 (UTC)

Changes to the lead
@Hoppyh: The most notable fact regarding Harrison is that he is a Founding Father. Thus, IMO, the article should lead with this. The next most important fact is related, his signing of the Declaration of Independence.

As it stood, the use of "as well as" for a connector with the Continental Association is a poor choice because the Declaration comes off as an after-thought, as less important - as, oh, by they way - when it is the primary reason Harrison qualifies for "founderhood".

Finally, mentioning his being Founding Father at the end struck me as putting the horse well after the cart. On that note, being a colonial legislator and having a tradition of namesakes are trivialities, at best of secondary interest.

That's my "say". I would appreciate hearing yours. Thanks. Allreet (talk) 02:56, 23 September 2022 (UTC)

 * I appreciate your thoughts and understand your take on the emphasis. I do believe the tradition of legislative work in the family is important. If you’d like to make changes to the lead, by all means feel free. Hoppyh (talk) 12:02, 23 September 2022 (UTC)
 * What is important is that he was a member of a political dynasty, and that he was socially well-connected. I find the status of a "Founding Father" to be marginally significant trivia, as most Founding Fathers were obscure figures. Dimadick (talk) 13:08, 23 September 2022 (UTC)
 * @Hoppyh and @Dimadick: I'll try another revision keeping both your points in mind. If I go astray, edit accordingly, though my hope is to avoid another revert. Thanks for the feedback Allreet (talk) 01:41, 24 September 2022 (UTC)

Col. Benjamin Harrison V’s date of birth (5 Apr 1726) was incorrectly written as 13 Dec 1730 on Memorial created in 1972
The Virginia Society Daughters of the American Colonists erected a memorial in 1972 with Col. Benjamin Harrison V’s date of birth as incorrectly written as 13 Dec 1730, which was actually the date of birth of his wife, Elizabeth Bassett. His date of birth in all historical records is 24 April 1726. Amseeberg (talk) 02:28, 14 January 2024 (UTC)

 * Typo, his date of birth was 5 April 1726. Sorry, my fingers slipped typing. Amseeberg (talk) 02:31, 14 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Benjamin Harrison V


text:
User:Dricci

Dricci is a cool guy. He has a Wikipedia user info page and doesn't afraid of anything.

title: User:Dricci


text:
The Rising (album)

The Rising is the twelfth studio album by the American singer-songwriter Bruce Springsteen, released on July 30, 2002, on Columbia Records. The album is based in large part on Springsteen's reflections in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks the year before. The album was a critical and commercial success, representing Springsteen's first album to top the US Billboard 200 since Tunnel of Love in 1987.

Hailed as a triumphant return to form for Springsteen, the album won two Grammy Awards and marked the start of a successful collaboration with producer Brendan O'Brien. The Rising came seven years after The Ghost of Tom Joad (1995), the longest interlude between studio albums for the artist, and was his first in almost two decades with the E Street Band, with whom he had recently completed a highly successful reunion tour.

Background and recording
Springsteen felt compelled to record the album when, in the aftermath of the attacks on September 11, 2001, a stranger in an adjacent vehicle rolled down his window and said: "We need you now". A few of the songs were written before the attacks. The title track tells the story of a firefighter going up the World Trade Center as survivors flee, and evokes the image of peoples' spirits rising up like angels with a "dream of life". "My City of Ruins" was originally performed in, and written about, Asbury Park.

After Springsteen performed it on a post-September 11 America: A Tribute to Heroes telethon, the song achieved a particular resonance. "Further On (Up the Road)" was performed live in Madison Square Garden at the end of the Springsteen–E Street Reunion Tour, and was professionally recorded, although it was not included in the HBO, DVD, or CD versions of Bruce Springsteen & the E Street Band: Live in New York City. "Waitin' on a Sunny Day" was originally written in the 1990s and played during a soundcheck on the Reunion Tour. Springsteen has commented that "Nothing Man" was originally completed in 1994, but re-recorded for this album. "Worlds Apart," the most experimental song on the album, features a heavy Middle Eastern influence along with Qawwali singers in the introduction. "The Fuse," another experimental track, features a subtle hip hop beat and vocal looping. A re-recorded version of the song, with an orchestral backing, features in the Spike Lee-directed film 25th Hour. "Mary's Place" is directly inspired by Sam Cooke's "Meet Me at Mary's Place"; The gospel-like "My City of Ruins" is organized around the melody line of Curtis Mayfield's "People Get Ready".

Release
Following the biggest pre-release promotion of Springsteen's career and a tour, The Rising became Springsteen's sixth No. 1 album on the US Billboard 200, and topped the charts in six other countries, including the UK.

Critical reception
The Rising received widespread acclaim from critics. Metacritic gave it an aggregate score of 82 / 100, based on 21 reviews. In Rolling Stone, Kurt Loder lauded it as a triumphant and cohesive album that possesses a "bold thematic concentration and penetrating emotional focus". Thom Jurek of AllMusic called it "one of the very best examples... of how popular art can evoke a time period and all of its confusing and often contradictory notions, feelings and impulses." David Browne, writing in Entertainment Weekly, felt that Springsteen's message had a renewed relevance, while his occasionally overburdened lyrics were saved by lively and vivid music. Keith Phipps of The A.V. Club wrote that the musically confident album showcased Springsteen's strength as an empathic songwriter. Uncut magazine called The Rising "a brave and beautiful album of humanity, hurt and hope from the songwriter best qualified to speak to and for his country ... A towering achievement."

In a mixed review for The Guardian, Alexis Petridis found the music to be awkwardly old-fashioned, with the best songs featuring strong melodies, as he judged the lyrics to be simplistic and unambiguous. Keith Harris of The Village Voice criticised it as being vague and unworldly, and lacking in real-life characters "responding in their idiosyncratic ways." Robert Christgau cited "Paradise", "Nothing Man", "The Rising", and "My City of Ruins" as "choice cuts", but concluded that the album "isn't worth your time or money". He felt that a marked patriotism "dragged down" the album with "overburdened emotions and conceptual commonplaces".

The Rising was voted the sixth-best album of 2002 in the Pazz & Jop. Christgau, the poll's creator and supervisor, ranked the title track as the year's tenth best single. Kludge included it on their best albums of 2002. In 2011, Rolling Stone named it the fifteenth best album of the 2000s. The album was also included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die. It won the Grammy Award for Best Rock Album in 2003; although nominated for the Album of the Year award as well, it was beaten by Norah Jones's debut album Come Away with Me. The title song "The Rising" was also a Grammy recipient.

Legacy
Although The Rising was a response to 9/11, many see it as a more universal anthem of resilience and hope. On the tenth anniversary of 9/11, Dan DeLuca of the Philadelphia Inquirer said: "The songs make contextual sense in the aftermath of 9/11, but the specific details that give them power are allusive. 'Lonesome Day,' 'You're Missing,' and 'My City of Ruins' are about the hollowing devastation of that day, but the language is universal, so the sentiments are by no means frozen in time." The song "My City of Ruins" has been used in response to tragedies other than 9/11, such as the devastation of Hurricane Katrina and the 2011 Christchurch earthquake. In 2006, while on tour supporting his We Shall Overcome: The Seeger Sessions album, Springsteen performed the song at the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival. The song received an emotional response from the crowd given its refrain of "Come on rise up!" "The Rising", given its message of hope in the face of adversity, was featured prominently at the 2020 Democratic National Convention.

Track listing
This album was released as a vinyl double LP. Tracks 1 - 4 = Side 1; 5 - 8 = Side 2; 9 - 11 = Side 3; 12 - 15 = Side 4.

Tour edition bonus DVD

 * 1) "The Rising" [live, 2002 MTV Video Music Awards performance]
 * 2) "Waitin' on a Sunny Day" [live, The Rising Tour, Barcelona, Spain, 2002]
 * 3) "Lonesome Day" [music video]
 * 4) "Mary's Place" [The Rising Tour, Barcelona, Spain, 2002]
 * 5) "Dancing in the Dark" [The Rising Tour, Barcelona, Spain, 2002]

Personnel
Adapted from the liner notes: Additional musicians
 * Bruce Springsteen – lead guitar, vocals, acoustic guitar, baritone guitar, harmonica
 * Roy Bittan – keyboards, piano, mellotron, Kurzweil, pump organ, Korg M1, crumar
 * Clarence Clemons – saxophone, background vocals
 * Danny Federici – Hammond B3, Vox Continental, Farfisa
 * Nils Lofgren – electric guitar, Dobro, slide guitar, banjo, background vocals
 * Patti Scialfa – vocals
 * Garry Tallent – bass guitar
 * Steven Van Zandt – electric guitar, background vocals, mandolin
 * Max Weinberg – drums
 * Soozie Tyrell – violin (tracks 1-3, 7, 8, 10-13, 15), background vocals (tracks 1-3, 8, 10-13, 15)
 * Brendan O'Brien – hurdy-gurdy (tracks 2, 6), glockenspiel (tracks 2, 3) , orchestra bells (track 3)
 * Larry Lemaster – cello (tracks 1, 12)
 * Jere Flint – cello (tracks 1, 12)
 * Jane Scarpantoni – cello (tracks 2, 11, 13, 15)
 * Nashville String Machine (tracks 5, 12) :
 * Carl Gorodetzky – contractor, concert master, violin
 * Pam Sixfin, Lee Larrison, Conni Ellisor, Alan Umstead, Dave Davidson, Mary Kathryn Vanosdale, David Angell – violins
 * Kris Wilkinson, Gary Vanosdale, Jim Grosjean, Monisa Angell – viola
 * Bob Mason, Carol Rabinowitz, Julie Tanner, Lynn Peithman – celli
 * Ricky Keller – strings arrangement, conductor
 * Asif Ali Khan and group – vocal guests (track 7) :
 * Asif Ali Khan – lead singer
 * Karamat Ali Asad – harmonium
 * Haji Nazir Afridi – tabla
 * Manzoor Hussain Shibli, Sarfraz Hussain, Raza Hussain, Imtiaz Shibli, Shahnawaz Hussain Khan, Bakhat Fayyaz Hussain, Omerdaz Hussain Aftab, Waheed Hussain Mumtaz
 * Alliance Singers (tracks 8, 11) :
 * Carinda Carford – contractor, choir
 * Michelle Moore – choir solo
 * Tiffeny Andrews, Antionette Moore, Antonio Lawrence, Jesse Moorer – choir
 * The Miami Horns (track 11):
 * Mark Pender – trumpet
 * Mike Spengler – trumpet
 * Rich Rosenberg – trombone
 * Jerry Vivino – tenor sax
 * Ed Manion – baritone sax

Technical

 * Brendan O'Brien – production, mixing
 * Nick Didia – engineering
 * Karl Egsieker – second engineering
 * Billy Bowers – additional engineering
 * Toby Scott – additional engineering (track 8)
 * Melissa Mattey – second engineering for Nashville String Machine (track 5)
 * Chuck Plotkin – recording engineering for Asif Ali Khan and Group (track 7)
 * Dave Reed – engineering for Asif Ali Khan and Group (track 7)
 * Bryan Humphrey – second engineering for Asif Ali Khan and Group (track 7)
 * Bob Ludwig – mastering
 * Laurie Flannery – digital editing
 * Chris Austopchuk – art direction
 * Dave Bett – art direction, design
 * Michelle Holme – design
 * Danny Clinch – photography

title: The Rising (album)


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User talk:Gelu Ignisque

Hello there Gelu Ignisque, welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you ever need editing help visit How does one edit a page or how to format them visit our manual of style. Experiment at Sandbox. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump, or post a message on my talk page.

The question you put on the reference desk actually belongs more on the village pump but that's ok, many people get confused about that. To edit your preferences, look for your name in the top right corner. Right underneath that should be a link to your preferences. Hope this helps! moink 02:36, 20 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Hi, I've popped an answer to your question on the reference desk. I'm not an expert, but it seems to me that that is a far more relevant place than village pump to ask this sort of question. Spellbinder 22:41, 26 May 2004 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:RioatNight.png
Thanks for uploading Image:RioatNight.png. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images on Wikipedia is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. You can get help on image copyright tagging from Wikipedia talk:Image copyright tags. -- Carnildo 04:03, 2 February 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:RioatNight2.png
Thanks for uploading Image:RioatNight2.png. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator.

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. If you have questions about copyright tagging of images, post on Wikipedia talk:Image copyright tags or User talk:Carnildo/images. 13:52, 12 March 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Gelu Ignisque


text:
Publicis Sapient

Publicis Sapient is a global digital transformation consulting company and the digital business transformation hub of Publicis Groupe with 20,000 people and over 50 offices worldwide. It was originally established as Sapient in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1990. In 2015, Sapient became an independent subsidiary of French multinational advertising firm Publicis, following a deal worth US$3.7 billion. It remains headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts, and, the leadership is retained.

In 2016, the company merged two of its divisions, SapientNitro and Razorfish, to form SapientRazorfish, which was led by Alan Wexler. A few years later, in 2019, SapientRazorfish and Sapient Consulting were consolidated into one brand, Publicis Sapient, under the leadership of CEO Nigel Vaz.

History
The company Sapient was founded on November 6, 1990, by Jerry Greenberg and J. Stuart Moore in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The company was established as a digital consulting firm and adopted a fixed-term, fixed-price model for IT consulting projects instead of charging on a time and materials basis.

Sapient embraced internet-based technology early on and by 1999, internet-based work accounted for over 70% of its revenue. From 1992 to 2000, the company saw rapid growth, with revenue increasing from $950,000 to $503 million.

Following the dot-com bubble burst in the early 2000s, Sapient looked to expand internationally to drive growth. The company implemented a strategy called "Global Distributed Delivery" which leveraged the rapidly growing tech market in India to grow its software development capabilities.

Throughout its history, Sapient has made several acquisitions, starting with Planning Group International in 2006. Other notable acquisitions include DCG Group in 2008, which enhanced its capital markets offerings, and The Nitro Group in 2009, which added 300 employees.

Corporate affairs
In 1996, Sapient made its initial public offering with a share price of $21. In the next four years, the technology sector saw an increase in share prices, leading to an increase in Sapient's shares to a split-adjusted price of $550. However, during the dot-com bust of 2000, Sapient's shares dropped to a low of $0.75 per share. The shares reached a peak of $17.95 in 2014.

title: Publicis Sapient


text:
User talk:Miguel~enwiki/Madrid

Moved from User Talk:Miguel on March 19, 2004.

Madrid
Estás haciendo un gran trabajo con el artículo del atentado. Siento no ayudar mucho, pero ni mi ingés es lo mejor que hay ni me siento con demasiadas fuerzas para editar últimamente. Suerte y muchas gracias.

Y suerte también con tu Doctorado (yo soy Doctor en Matemáticas y tengo una ligera idea de lo que se pasa) y con tu post-doc cuando llegue. Pfortuny 18:06, 11 Mar 2004 (UTC)

¡Madre mía! You are really working hard at it! Do go on with it, we need it here. Thanks. Pfortuny 18:27, 13 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Miguel, esa energía que tienes para editar el artículo en inglés podrías también utilizarla para editar el artículo en español :) -- Cantus 03:27, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Hi Miguel, you're doing great work on the Madrid article. Could you just try to put a few words in the edit summary each time please? If you look at the page history, it's very hard to figure out what you and Cantus are working on. Cheers, fabiform | talk 05:47, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC) :)

There's a discussion about splitting the article in its talk page. I really think Adam Carr can do a great job. Would you mind giving your opinion? Thanks. Pfortuny 11:07, 14 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Bueno, tienes razón. El caso es que no sólo fue la discusión en la talk page sino en el IRC y ayer estaba bastante caliente. Pero es mejor irse una tarde que no montar un pollo ¿no?. Gracias. Pfortuny 08:08, 15 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Miguel, I do not know you I think, so that is the opportunity to say hi. Pfortuny just pointed out to me that you were spanish, so I just wanted to say that I was with you in heart. FirmLittleFluffyThing

title: User talk:Miguel~enwiki/Madrid


text:
Alfons Flisykowski

Alfons Flisykowski (22 September 1902 – 5 October 1939) was a Polish worker of the Polish Post Office in the Free City of Danzig in the years 1923–1939 and a second commander (after Konrad Guderski) of the defence of the Post Office from the invading Nazi German forces when World War II started on 1 September 1939.

Background
Flisykowski was captured by the Germans on 2 September 1939 and handed over to the Gestapo. Denied the legitimate status of POW, he was put on trial (which was later found to be illegal), together with the other 37 captured post-office workers. Designated as a "bandit" by a paramilitary court (and therefore not protected by the Geneva Convention), he was sentenced to death and executed by firing squad in Danzig-Saspe on 5 October 1939.

Flisykowski's grave was discovered in 1991. In the same year the families of the killed postmen founded an association called Circle of the Families of the Former Workers of Gdańsk Post Office (Koło Rodzin Byłych Pracowników Poczty Gdańskiej) with a goal to repeal the verdict qualifying the postmen as bandits. With the help of Dieter Schenk, a former worker of Interpol and the author of a book on the subject, the case was put into a verification trial.

As a result of these actions the Land Court in Lübeck made a decision, on 30 December 1996, that the previous verdict of 1939 sentencing Flisykowski to death was illegal.

He was awarded the Cross of Valour posthumously on 1 September 1990.

title: Alfons Flisykowski


text:
Vasilis Leventis

Vasileios "Vasilis" Leventis (Βασίλειος "Βασίλης" Λεβέντης, ; born 2 November 1951) is a Greek politician, leader of the Greek centrist party Union of Centrists (Ένωση Κεντρώων) since 1992, and a Member of Parliament from 2015 to 2019.

Early life
Vassilis Leventis is the fourth child of Apostolos and Gregoria Leventis, who were originally from Korakovouni, a small village in Arcadia. The Leventis family moved to Piraeus, where Vassilis Leventis attended high school. In 1969 Leventis graduated from school and was admitted as the 6th highest-ranking candidate to the Civil Engineering department of the National Technical University of Athens. During the '70s he ventured into discography, funding and producing a one time record.

His first involvement with politics occurred in 1975 when, as an assistant of the then dean of Athens Polytechnic University, Kyprianos Biris, he contributed to the composition of articles 21 and 24 of the Greek Constitution.

He is fluent in German and has an adequate understanding of the English language.

Political career
Vassilis Leventis began his political career in 1974 as a founding father of the PASOK, representing the party as a parliamentary candidate. In 1981, he expressed many disagreements with the party, blaming it for a divergence from its original views, and left it that year. In 1982, he was a candidate for mayor of Piraeus.

In 1984, he founded the first ecological party in Greece, which he named Eleftheroi ("Free"). This party participated in the European Parliamentary Elections of that year, gaining only 0.15% of the vote. In 1986, he stood for the office of mayor of Athens, gaining 0.57% of the vote.

In the national legislative election of 1989, Leventis was a candidate for New Democracy, but with 5,212 preference votes he ranked only 29th out of 31 candidates and was not elected. He moved on to establish the Ecologists Pacifists Greens in 1990, participating in the Greek parliamentary elections that same year, but again failed to be elected.

In 1992, Leventis collaborated with the Center-Democratic Party of Greece to form the Union of Centrists, which aimed to become "the political continuance of the centrist expression in Greece". Leventis sought to embrace the legacy of several great politicians of the past, such as Georgios Papandreou and Eleftherios Venizelos. Until 2015 the party's influence was marginal, with 1.79% of the total vote in the January 2015 legislative election being its highest share, which failed to secure it entry to parliament. In the September 2015 legislative election, however, the party cleared the 3% threshold in the Greek parliament for the first time after it won 186,457 votes (3.43%), electing 9 MPs.

Television career
In 1990, Leventis founded the television channel Channel 67, which was renamed in 1993 to Channel 40: Social and Ecological Television of Greece due to transfer of the channel's frequency to 40 UHF. The channel was sold in late 2000 to publisher George Kouris, and was renamed Extra Channel on January 8, 2001; it was later sold again to entrepreneur Phillip Vriones and was renamed Extra Channel 3 in August 2003. Leventis himself hosted a political show on the channel from 2000 to 2016, titled Politikos Marathonis, which was broadcast on a weekly basis.

Political views
Vasilis Leventis expresses his political opinion through his Antidiaplokí (Αντιδιαπλοκή, anti-corruption) quarterly newspaper and his TV show that has been hosted on several stations so far, such as PellaTV and Extra Channel.

His views are placed in the center of the political spectrum, with particular emphasis on policies that are "rational", transparent, opposed to corruption, in favor of weaker social groups (workers, pensioners, farmers, single parents, etc.), hostile to the concentration of power in the hands of only a few individuals, and supportive of reform of Greek political life.

Leventis himself is unreservedly and often polemically critical of mainstream Greek political parties and their leaders. He asserts that Greek politicians are in league with big business interests who control the mainstream media, and as a result of this criticism he claims he has been deliberately excluded from publicity, which (in his opinion) is the factor that has caused his party to exist only at the margins of Greek politics. His frequent use of expletives and his animated style of speaking have led him to be the subject of jokes at his expense, but have also elevated some snippets of his TV shows to cult status.

Leventis proposes cutting double and triple pensions, cutting the pensions of those who have an income of 3,000 euro from other sources, firing 1,500 officials from Parliament, and sacking public workers who do not do their jobs.

Leventis's general public profile rose in 2014 and 2015 due to a viral video montage detailing his so-called "prophecies", which are said to have accurately predicted Greece's current financial crisis from as far back as 1993.

title: Vasilis Leventis


text:
Talk:Yottabyte

Icosebyte is equal to 1,024 domegemegrottebytes

Untitled
Discussion about centralization took place at Talk:Binary prefix.

Needs work
"In 2010, it was estimated that storing a yottabyte on terabyte-size disk drives would require one million city block-size data-centers, as big as the states of Delaware and Rhode Island combined" - needs to be changed to the US states. I also would prefer an actual size rather than a metaphor.

Also: "The total amount of data that could be stored in the observable universe using each of the 1078 to 1082 atoms as single bits of information (using their spin for example) is between 1.25×1053 to 1.25×1057 yottabytes.[5] It would take up to 1.47×1064 years (over one million trillion trillion trillion trillion times the current age of the universe) for a single Samsung 970 pro SSD to write such an amount of data.[6]" - the examples section should be edited for an encyclopaedic format + proper grammar and punctuation.

By AWwikipedia - Sydney, NSW - I like pineapples. (talk) 23:09, 17 March 2019 (UTC)

Binary vs Decimal
Why does the binary approximation need citation? The suffix may not be in common usage at this point, but it doesn't seem hard to imagine that future computers manufactured and described will have exactly that amount (1024^8) of addressable memory. Once we have that amount, considering precedent, common terminology will unlikely match the unambiguous SI term. This may be a bit crystal ball, but I don't think the world is likely to change that much between now, and when a yottabyte is feasibly and usefully attainable. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.231.183.2 (talk) 01:18, 21 July 2008 (UTC)
 * You said it yourself. The article is not about how the term might be used in the future, but about how the term is used now, in July 2008.  Can you cite any uses in the binary sense? Thunderbird2 (talk) 08:52, 21 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Thank you. I now understand a bit more about the wiki project (and I like that they used the term "crystal ball" :)  The 2nd sub-paragraph shows exactly why my reasoning was incorrect.  So, yes, this needs to have a citation.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.231.183.2 (talk) 04:02, 24 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Comments below (in a different section) show that IEC 60027 has something to say about this. I don't know enough about that standard to comment, but could someone who does know comment on a) whether that standard suggests that it is acceptable to use yottabyte to refer to 1024^8 and b) whether this counts as a significant citation.  Maybe the article should be changed to refer to yobibyte, and simply state that there isn't precedent to say that yottabyte and yobibyte can be synonyms in common usage.  The yobibyte article seems also to make the assertion that they are synonyms, so it should also have a needs-citation flag.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.231.183.2 (talk) 04:13, 24 July 2008 (UTC)

 * IEC makes it clear that (according to their definitions) a yottabyte is exactly 1000^8 bytes, whereas a yobibyte is exactly 1024^8 bytes. The yobibyte article cites the IEC standard and therefore doesn't need the flag. To my knowledge there is no standards body that defines the yottabyte as 1024^8 bytes - for me that is the key difference.  Thunderbird2 (talk) 10:25, 24 July 2008 (UTC)

Vandalism
Recent "you suck" and derogatory comments were integrated into the article.... I blanked and then reverted the page, therefore removing the offending comments. ---Your friendly neighborhood 24.238.177.246-

"The term "macabtyte" refers to a storage unit used on Apple computers. It appears larger, is in fact smaller but considerably more expensive than the equivalent PC storage unit. Macabytes have a glowing Apple printed on each byte." -- based on some google searching there is no such thing. This looks better fit for uncyclopedia than wikipedia. I am gonna remove it. - 96-35-10-239.dhcp.stls.mo.charter.com July 7 2009 —Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.35.10.239 (talk) 02:31, 8 July 2009 (UTC)

Dude, Google isn't always right, you Apple biggot. (You had to GOOGLE that? What a lamer.  How's the pocket protector?) (talk) 02:31, 8 July 2009 (UTC)

Obvious vandalism occurring, I suggest that the page gets locked. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.35.10.239 (talk) 02:40, 8 July 2009 (UTC)

AFD
Why does someone want this page on the "Votes for deletion" page?? --Anon

 * My mistake. I withdrew it. --Dpbsmith 04:09, 21 Mar 2004 (UTC)

"A mole of bytes"
I removed the statement:
 * "A yottabyte (280 bytes) is about 2.01 moles of bytes."

Unless I'm greatly mistaken, this is nonsense. A mole is a gram-molecular weight, and bytes do not have a molecular weight. The article on mole says:

 * "[a mole] is defined as the amount of substance of a system that contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon-12. This is known as Avogadro's constant and is approximately 6.02 × 1023."

Bytes are not a substance. It is not meaningful to speak of "a mole of bytes." Even if it were, it is not at all clear to me how one can derive the stated figure.

If someone wants to reinsert the above statement I request that they give an explanation on this talk page of the meaning of the phrase "a mole of bytes" and that they summarize the calculation that shows that a yottabyte = 2.01 moles. --Dpbsmith 04:09, 21 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * I suppose they're trying to say that there's as many bytes in a yottabyte as there are moles in 0.012 kg of C-12? --Dysprosia 04:10, 21 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * The out-of-context use of mole comes unexpected, but is essentially correct. This is a typical form of humor. Someone is being dense here, and innumerate besides. Dysprosia's comment is meant humorously too, one might hope…
 * —Herbee 00:00, 2004 Apr 3 (UTC)

 * My first chemistry teacher, Mrs. Murray of sainted memory, illustrated the size of a mole by writing Avogadro's number on the board, then placing a dollar sign in front of it. We then computed how much of various commodities this much money could purchase, how many times a "mole of money" could buy and sell Bill Gates, etc.  It may have been an abuse of terminology, but it was certainly educational. --Anville 18:45, 13 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * According to http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=mole it would be correct to talk about a mole of bytes. It says Merriam-Webster defines the word as:

 * Main Entry: 3mole
 * Variant: also mol /'mOl/
 * Function: noun
 * the base unit in the International System of Units for the amount of pure substance that contains the same number of elementary entities as there are atoms in exactly 12 grams of the isotope carbon 12

 * Under this definition, "mole" is a measure of the number of objects in a collection (like "dozen" or "gross") not a measure of mass (like "kilogram" or "pound"). A mole of photons is just a collection of 6.02×1023 photons.  It doesn't matter that light is not a "substance".  It doesn't matter what masses the photons have.  All that matters is that there are 6.02×1023 elementary objects in the collection.  So a mole of bytes would be a collection of 6.02×1023 bytes.

 * That same URL also gives the definition from the American Heritage Dictionary. That dictionary gives two very different definitions of the term:

 * mole5 or mol   ( P )  Pronunciation Key  (ml) n.

 * 1. The amount of a substance that contains as many atoms, molecules, ions, or other elementary units as the number of atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon 12. The number is 6.0225 × 1023, or Avogadro's number. Also called gram molecule.

 * 2. The mass in grams of this amount of a substance, numerically equal to the molecular weight of the substance. Also called gram-molecular weight. See table at measurement.

 * Definition 1 is a count, and definition 2 is a mass. A mole(def 1) of bytes is meaningful, but a mole(def 2) of bytes is not.  Just as it's meaningful to talk about a dozen bytes, but not about a kilogram of bytes.  The number of yottabytes in a mole(def 1) of bytes is calculated by dividing Avagadro's number by 280, which is approximately 2.01.

 * That ignores the part of all four definitions which say that a mole only has meaning with respect to the "amount of a substance." Bytes are not a substance. I've been trying to figure out any way to reword this, but it is just plain wrong to speak of "a mole of bytes." What is right is to say that it is a pleasant numerical coincidence that Avogadro's number express in binary is approximately the "round" number 279. I'm going to see if I can wordsmith this in some way that preserves the amusing coincidence without saying something incorrect. --Dpbsmith (talk) 22:23, 9 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Are a group of photons a substance? No.  Yet the first dictionary definition gave as one example of a proper use of the word "mole".  Many universities and scientists use the phrase "mole of photons" (http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&q=%22mole+of+photons%22) even though it's clearly not a substance.  The dictionary used "substance" for want of a better word, but the example showed they intended it to mean any collection of "elementary units" that can be counted.  There was no intent to limit it.

 * But, of course photons are a substance! In fact, photons and atoms are interchangeable; each can be converted into the other. They are basically equivalent; matter is simply a form of (very highly condensed) energy, and photons (i.e., energy) is merely an incorporeal form of matter... what, did you forget E=MC^2? LOL! [TheGrandRascal] — Preceding unsigned comment added by TheGrandRascal (talk • contribs) 05:03, 16 February 2020 (UTC)

 * Are a group of electrons a substance? No.  Yet the current mole article gives electrons as an example of something you can have a mole of, as does the NIST site defining SI units http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/current.html).  You wouldn't normally call a group of electrons a "substance".  We wouldn't say that more "substance" was poured into a capacitor as it charged.

 * Also note that NIST and the article don't just say "amount of substance". They say "amount of substance of a system".  If a collection of information is a system, then the bytes will make up the substance of that system.  The substance of this argument is that "substance" needn't be limited to chemicals.

 * Both NIST and the dictionary use the word "substance" as a convenient word for "a bunch of stuff" (especially since it's most often used in chemistry), but the example shows that they didn't intend to limit it to what we'd normally call "substances". Why bother to impose such a limitation?  Google searches on "mole of" in quotes turns up in the first few pages many hits on schools and information sites (e.g. chemistry.about.com) that say "mole" can be applied to anything you can count. Common usage appears to be consistent with both NIST and the dictionary.  In this case the system is memory, and the elementary unit of the substance of that system is a byte, so a yottabyte is about 2 moles of bytes.
 * I was interested in if a yottabyte could in principle be carried around in a notebook in the future. For that I calculated the moles of atoms needed if one atom could store one bit of information. Obviously you need 16 moles for that if you mean yobibytes as in this discussion: 280 * 8 / Avogadro constant (for a real yottabyte: 1024 * 8 / Avogadro constant = 13). If one could use hydrogen this would mean 16 grams. No problem. But silicium with an atomic weight of 28.086 would become problematic: 451 g. Let alone a worst case element like the hypothetical ununoctium with an atomic weight of 294: 4.7 kg. So a mole is a useful unit to get an idea about what a yottabyte or yobibyte means.
 * —WimOckham (talk) 15:57, 17 December 2011 (UTC)

Brontobyte
Please provide a reference for Brontobyte. See Talk:SI prefix. --Ian Cairns 23:05, 20 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Brontobyte
What is a brontobyte?? (A link to this word was added to this article.) --66.245.99.179 23:12, 20 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * It's what happens to time-travellers who discover that brontosaurus was not really a herbivore. The article on bronto would have you believe otherwise though. — Trilobite (Talk) 06:57, 20 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Brontobyte is covered in Non-SI unit prefix. — Omegatron 22:51, 22 March 2007 (UTC) What on the face of earth is a Brontobyte anyway?Albertgenii12 (talk) 23:38, 11 November 2008 (UTC)

I think a Brontobyte is just another big but undefined unit, just like a zillion for numbers. Wikiecam (talk) 23:16, 10 October 2011 (UTC)

Brontobyte is 1024 yottabytes, but not (yet) official terminology... Go google for further links and information... 80.4.63.73 (talk) — Preceding undated comment added 12:40, 11 May 2014 (UTC)

H2O
I thought that the human body was 70% water. If this is true how can there be more oxygen than hydrogen?

 * The human body is made up of 65% oxygen by molecular weight, not by number of atoms. Water is mostly hydrogen, although most of its weight comes from oxygen since oxygen is much heavier. — oo64eva (Alex) (U @ June 28, 2005 06:14 (UTC)

 * Not all the oxygen in the body is from water, nor is all the hydrogen. Hydrogen is a component of virtually every molecule in the body, and oxygen is only slightly less prevalent. There are certainly more hydrogen atoms in the body, but because they are only 1/16th the weight of an oxygen atom, there would have to be 16 times as many hydrogen atoms as oxygen in order to have an equal weight, which there isn't. ---ray- 22:14, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

The number of bytes
This article shows a yottabyte as a nice, even number. But for smaller measurements, it doesn't work out that way. A kilobyte is 1,024 bytes, a megabyte is 1,048,576 bytes, a gigabyte is 1,073,741,824 bytes, and following that system, a yottabyte should be 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 bytes. I don't know if that's used for such big, theoretical numbers, though, so I didn't change anything. On a side note, what's the accepted way on Wikipedia to write large numbers? Is it 1,048,576 or 1 048 576? I personally prefer the first, but I'm not going to argue with the SI standard, or whoever determines that. --Twilight Realm 03:28, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Well, kilobyte actually means either 1000 or 1024, depending on context. I'm not sure if the powers of two corruption extends up into these very large prefixes.  There's no official IEC equivalent, but it would probably be "yotbibyte" or something.
 * In the Wikipedia we use commas instead of the SI standard spaces. See Manual of Style (dates and numbers)  — Omegatron 14:01, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Actually, a kilobyte is only 1024 bytes, but a kilogram, for example, is 1000 grams. The byte originated with (and so far as I know is used exclusively in relation to) computers, which are based on the binary number system, so it is always used in powers of 2. (The byte itself is 23 bits) This would be true no matter how far you take it, so a yottabyte would be 280 bytes, but a yottagram, for example, would be 1024 grams. (The moon's mass is about 74 Yg.) This difference is programmed into Google's Calculator. Note the difference between a "1 yottagram in grams" search and a "1 yottabyte in bytes" search. ---ray- 22:14, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

 * The table in the manual of style indicates that according to IEC 60027, a yottabyte is either 1024 or  280, but a  yobibyte is always  280. -Walter Siegmund (talk) 22:31, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

 * A kilobyte is 1000 bytes. A Kibibyte is 1024 bytes (IEC standard). Wynler 15:15, 21 January 2006 (UTC)

100 bytes per atom?
I seriously doubt the entire state of an atom can be described in just 100 bytes. That number strikes me as beingr several orders of magnitude too low... of course with the uncertainty principle the state of an atom can never be fully described so the point is moot. Still it is an oddball arbitrary constant that makes the metaphor a little weird. Maybe it would be worthwhile to find a data structure that can be well-described. Asteron [[User_talk:Asteron|&#12494;&#12524;&#12484;&#12449;]] 03:56, 19 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, you could describe the possibilities of state with quantum mechanics, but even then, 100 bytes would not be enough for this.

Yatta
Any actul reason for the link to Yatta at the bottom of the page? That's just totally unrelated, right? 68.40.186.248 05:50, 19 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks for pointing this out. I deleted it. BTW, do you want to join the project? Anyone can edit, but there are advantages to creating an account if you want to contribute regularly. To join, create an account and then introduce yourself to the community at the new user log. Best wishes, Walter Siegmund (talk) 16:46, 19 December 2005 (UTC)

Human complexity
Why is the bit about how many yottabytes it would take to store a human relevant whatsoever? It seems like a bit of useless trivia. Nothing wrong with trivia, but there is absolutely no logical connection whatsoever between yottabytes and human complexity. MOF 09:01, 19 December 2005 (UTC)
 * The Yottabyte is such an astoundingly large number, that for most people, its shear size is hard to grasp. By using the molecular scale, this analogy is an attempt to frame the size of the yottabyte in a more practical sense. — oo64eva (Alex) (U @ 05:33, 18 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Sorry about that, I didn't mean to click the save page button. I went ahead and reverted it back. 8.10.128.50 21:59, 27 January 2006 (UTC)
 * It also adds a bit of flavor to an otherwise bland article. Flame0001 21:02, 11 April 2006 (UTC)
 * It adds a bit of useless and dubious trivia to an otherwise accurate article, you mean. — Omegatron 21:10, 11 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Nothing wrong with a little trivia. AllStarZ 23:19, 11 July 2006 (UTC)
 * Can whatever-it-was be put back please? Jackiespeel 17:43, 16 October 2006 (UTC)
 * i'm for it remaining and as that make five votes for it remaining against two for removing it i'm putting it back.J.L.Main 10:18, 7 December 2006 (UTC)

In his 1995 book 'Physics of Star Trek', Prof Lawrence M Krauss looked at the difficulties involved in transporting a person in the manner suggested by Star Trek. He pointed out that the human body contained a Yottabyte of data to be transported. Writing in 1995 he also pointed out that to store this amount of data in 1995 would involve a pile of hard drives that "From Earth, you'd have to stack 100-gigabyte hard drives a third of the way to the center of the Milky Way or so to hold it all. And at current information transfer rates, it would take longer than the age of the universe to transmit that much data. " http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/star-trek-movie-science/ Star Trek is of interest to a lot of people so I suggest this connection is hardly trivia. I'd also suggest that from a real world technological view, the example above shows just how data has condensed in the last twenty years and how it is likely to continue to do so. I've seen references to 1TB memory cards so suggest the example of Giza be reduced accordingly.--Robata (talk) 18:42, 9 December 2014 (UTC)

Is this possible
Is there any super computers in a world that have atleast a yottabyte? I think that that would be a good thing to add to this article if there is. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Ncusa367 (talk • contribs) 19:17, 10 December 2006 (UTC).
 * There's not. Useight 22:56, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

It will be possible after, probably 50 years, when satellites have computers strong enough to transmitt stuff from Jupiter.Albertgenii12 (talk) 23:39, 11 November 2008 (UTC)

Everything in the universe
I removed the statement "It has been theorized that everything in the entire universe could be stored in one yottabyte of data."

For one thing, who is it that theorizes this? The user who put this in here? A scientist? A school teacher? Also, this statement has no meaning. A Yottabyte is a unit of binary storage, not matter. Assuming that the user meant that the entire universe could be described with one yottabyte of data, that user would have to be more specific. If one wants to digitally render a 3D environment of the entire universe, it would take a lot more than 1 yottabyte... a hell of a lot more. If one wanted a 1 kb description of every single atom in the universe then again, this would take up orders of magnitude more than a yottabyte. If however someone wanted a small description of every body in the universe larger than 4 grams, then perhaps a yottabyte would be adequate. It all depends. — oo64eva (Alex) (U @ 06:00, 20 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Oops! I forgot to remove that when I removed a link to a personal website that had that "theory" on it. Thanks for catching it. Seraphimblade Talk to me Please review me! 06:01, 20 February 2007 (UTC)

Ten year prediction
Utah Governor Herbert on June 11, 2012 told the annual meeting of the National Governors' Association that the NSA's 1,500,000 square foot data center being built outside Salt Lake City will be the first facility to house a yottabyte of data. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.247.128.78 (talk) 20:58, 12 June 2012 (UTC)

First reference predicts 1 Zettabyte of data by 2010. The second reference claims to predict 1 Yottabyte of data by 2010. Since the second reference is incomplete, conflicts with the first and looks like an error, I removed it. — Shinhan  <  talk  > 11:43, 31 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Some re-added this. I agree with your original assessment and have re-removed the second statement. 137.148.142.199 (talk) 18:38, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

 * And I have re-added it again, but I put the quotation in the reference. Two sources making different projections isn't a valid a reason to remove sourced content, just because the two projections happen to disagree. Both are valid. If anything, the text in the article could be rephrased to say that the projection by 2010 ranges between a zettabyte and a yottabyte, depending on the study. ~Amatulić (talk) 20:24, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

I'm removing the claim. To reach a zettabyte by 2010 is feasible, a yottabyte is not, as it is way too much. Think about it, if all 1.5 billion Internet users had a 1 Terrabyte drive with all the disk space used up then that is only 1.5 zettabytes, WAY OFF the scale of a yottabyte. It may happen in 20 years however.--70.65.245.94 (talk) 01:52, 29 May 2009 (UTC)

'Practical' application of the yottabyte
This article says "[a yottabyte] holds enough memory to record a [=one] humans entire life conversation" but the article on exabyte says that "Mark Liberman calculated the storage requirements for all human speech [i.e. "all words ever spoken by human beings"] at 42 zettabytes, if digitized as 16 kHz 16-bit audio" and that "a project at the UC Berkeley School of Information" calculated it at 5 exabytes, probably (says Liberman) "thinking of text". As the claim in this article is unsourced, I'm removing it altogether until someone finds a more credible and sourced estimate.84.53.74.196 08:41, 5 November 2007 (UTC)

 * A number of articles suggest that the U.S. government is working towards achieving yottabyte capability. In fact, a number of them suggest it just for the NSA's $2B Utah storage facility alone. Combined with a number of well-argued articles that suggest various departments of the gov't (including merely the NSA spies) desire things such as the (headline:) "'Total Information Awareness' Data Mining Program" and even complete data storage (including all video and (including telephone) audio. Some of the department heads have in fact admitted pretty close to wanting (or having) exactly that, despite being cancelled by Congress.  Suggest that arena (storage of all human electronic communication) be looked at when looking for potential 'practical' applications (or comparisons) for the yottabyte. See also the NSA discussion below. --68.127.92.76 (talk) 19:43, 6 July 2013 (UTC)Doug bashford

Merge request, plus criticism
I'm of the opinion that practically all of the descriptions of the separate measurement units ought to be folded under one or a few articles describing the measurement system as a whole. As in "Le Système International d'Unités"/"International System of Units", and perhaps an article on "Metric Prefixes" in addition. The separate concepts should perhaps be kept as redirections to the relevant article, or WikiMedia's search functionality should be augmented to with some sort of extra-topic tagging functionality to redirect searches for such terms into their proper location in the relevant page. Anyway, it seems to me pretty weird and unencyclopaedic to list terms such as this one as a separate article.

Secondly, even if nothing of the above sort is ever undertaken, I think it's plainly wrong to say that the binary suffixes have simply been "suggested". After all, following the links even now present in this very article, it's easy to see that IEEE -- one of the foremost standardisers in the world, in charge of standards like FireWire and Ethernet -- has formally, by ballot, accepted such suffixes as recognized nomenclature. Granted, IEEE does not have a UN mandate like ISO/IEC/ITU and the lot do. But nevertheless, it should be recognized as much in the computer science and electrical engineering field as, say ITU-T -- in actual fact the latter body's standardisation efforts tend to lead to technical practice that is theoretical, as opposed to its widely practical counterpart in IETF and IEEE practice.

Decoy (talk) 22:37, 15 August 2008 (UTC)

 * There is already such an article: Binary prefix.
 * I don't see "suggested" on the page, but please do feel free to replace it with whatever is appropriate. Be bold :) shreevatsa (talk) 00:02, 16 August 2008 (UTC)

NSA Article
Here is an article about a potential NSA data center with storage at the yottabyte level. Might be worth having in the article. http://www.nybooks.com/articles/23231 —NMajdan •talk 03:30, 2 November 2009 (UTC)
 * I also think this should be added, especially since the article is very misleading, in that it claims no storage system or network is even close to one thousandth of a yottabyte. More recent articles about NSA might be helpful as well. http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2012/03/ff_nsadatacenter/all/1 66.44.26.250 (talk) 21:48, 3 April 2012 (UTC)

Another reference is in the 4/24/12 Network World issue article BackSpin by Mark Gibbs http://www.networkworld.com/columnists/2012/042312-backspin.htmlGorilla 70 (talk) 16:45, 25 April 2012 (UTC)

I think the statement about the Utah Data Center should be removed or significantly toned down. The articles do not state a concrete plan for the data center to store or even process a yottabyte. Further discussion http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Utah_Data_Center#Yottabytes.3F JedKBrown (talk) 14:57, 16 June 2013 (UTC)

Section should be removed entirely, as it's patently ridiculous to even entertain the notion of a single yottabyte data center, much less one that can supposedly store multiple yottabytes. Buying enough hard drives to store that much information would both: bankrupt the entire world and take up, at minimum, if you used 4 terabyte hard drives stacked end to end and not including cabling, 120 square miles of space.

 * I disagree. So the government's super-secret development scientists from the "new Manhattan Project," inspired by the 9-11 hysteria at the "Multiprogram Research Facility, Oak Ridge, Tennessee [where] Some 300 scientists and computer engineers with top security clearance toil away here, building..." 4 TB HDs like those at Costco perhaps!? Quote: "Section should be removed entirely, as it's patently ridiculous to even entertain the notion..." Oh brother. Thank goodness Wiki frowns on dogmatic absolutist Orwellian mind-censorship such as that. Remove even the discussion!? Remove the freedom to think!? How Dark Ages!

"See Manual of Style (lead section) quote: The lead should be able to stand alone as a concise overview of the article. It should define the topic, establish context, explain why the subject is interesting or notable, and summarize the most important points—including any prominent controversies. -end quote."

 * Given the growing interest in NSA & gov't spying on Americans, and growing of number of "yottabyte" articles on just the Utah storage facility, and it is scheduled to come online in 2 months, one can only predict greater public interest. (Bluffdale Utah, + others are for storage, and NSA HQ + others are for processing it, ...at least 10 super-linked data centers.)

"quote: The magnitude of the agency's data storage reserves at Bluffdale all but defy comprehension. And it appears even that capacity will meet only part of the NSA's needs.' '...As a result of this “expanding array of theater airborne and other sensor networks,” as a 2007 Department of Defense report puts it, the Pentagon is attempting to expand its worldwide communications network, known as the Global Information Grid, to handle yottabytes of data.' denverpost.com See also at examiner.com: 'NSA $2 billion Utah-based facility can process yottabytes of information'  and another quote: 'Oak Ridge is home to the Department of Energy’s Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and it’s engaged in a new secret war. But this time, instead of a bomb of almost unimaginable power, the weapon is a computer of almost unimaginable speed.'  ...and many other articles that address the various impossibility arguments presented here."

 * Just the storage facility at Utah has an electrical power plant TODAY that could power 40,000 homes. That's worthy of slow contemplation as well as intelligent rhetorical manipulation (comparisons/description). Please no more Costco-like or 1 TB thumb-drive-comparison arguments. No more poor man's rhetoric such as "ridiculous." We are talking Oak Ridge just for starters, and when that calculation is done, then factor in Moore's Law on steroids. This is not rocket science, yet an intelligent discussion is not yet to be found on a silver platter as far as I can tell. Yet Wiki policy suggests it be covered. --68.127.92.76 (talk) 18:50, 6 July 2013 (UTC)Doug Bashford

"Please no more Costco-like or 1 TB thumb-drive-comparison arguments." <- It's not a comparison just for comparison's sake, dude. It's literally what it would take to build one yottabyte of storage, given today's technology. Even if we give the government a little credit and say that they're working with 40 terabyte hard drives, which is ten times the storage available to the public on one hard drive, then they would still need 25 billion hard drives to store that much information. This isn't a case of "let's entertain the notion for argument's sake." This is a case of "there is no way to set up and manage a facility of that size with today's technology. Period. No arguments." A discussion of the data center itself isn't a problem, but discussing its supposed ability to store an amount of data that isn't feasible with current technology contributes absolutely nothing to said discussion.

Also, if you want more evidence of how ridiculous such an idea is, consider power consumption. You said the facility can give enough power to juice up 40,000 homes just by itself. Well let's just try some calculations here. A 4 terabyte, 7200 RPM drive from Hitachi draws 7.3 watts while idling. Multiply this by the 250 billion hard drives you would need in order to get 1 yottabyte, and that comes out to an average power draw while idle of 1,825,000,000,000 watts. If we convert this into more familiar units, then we get 1,825,000 megawatts. Now, there are 8,765 hours in a year. If we multiply this by our power draw, we get the total power draw for the drives if we were to run them 24/7/365, as they would be run in a data center. When we do this, we get 15,996,125,000 megawatt-hours in one year. For comparison's sake, the total annual electricity draw of the entire United States is only 3.88 billion MW-hrs/year. The entire world is 19.3 billion MW-hrs/year. Now do you see how patently ridiculous this whole thing is? The energy requirements fall a little bit short of what it takes to power "40,000 homes." To power *just the hard drives,* not including any cooling equipment, lights, anything else in the facility, would require 3/4s of the annual energy output of the entire world! And then some places want to scale that up to 2+ yottabytes? Do you see the problem here?

What is the next order of magnitude
It seems interesting to me that ALL the xxxxabyte articles were created WAY back in 2001 when a Yottabyte must have seemed infeasible; yet now in 2010 it still exists but there is nothing beyond it. By now there should be names allocated for at LEAST two more orders higher, that is, to be proportional to what we had in 2001. I'm surprised this was never deleted. Daniel Christensen (talk) 07:17, 24 February 2010 (UTC)

 * What are you talking about?--Spectatorbot13 (talk) 22:38, 14 March 2010 (UTC)

 * We haven't yet found a use for words describing higher orders of magnitude. If you read some of the other comments on this page, you'll see we're quite far away from creating storage media capable of containing anywhere close to one yottabyte.
 * Edit: I looked into it further and found this site. It claims that the next two are "brontobyte" and "geopbyte".-Nick Klose (T/C) 20:36, 19 May 2010 (UTC)
 * These should then be added to WP accordingly, and added to the orders of magnitude scale as well. As I'm sure I haven't been the only one coming to WP looking for more info about sizes bigger than Yottabyte, regardless of their presumed massive size, if they exist then they should appear here. Jimthing (talk) 21:44, 4 April 2013 (UTC)

misleading table entry
The "binary usage" column of the table gives the impression that 1 YB = 2^80 bytes. No reference is cited for this use either in the template or in the yottabyte article. Indeed the yottabyte article does not even mention this use. The template needs to be edited to avoid giving this misleading impression. Dondervogel 2 (talk) 11:29, 29 December 2010 (UTC)

 * This reference says "exabyte EB s60 bytes. This reference lists yottabyte, exabyte, zettabyte, gigabyte etc all with power of two values. I must remind you that you have been told not to push your PoV about binary prefixes on Wikipedia. Glider87 (talk) 06:25, 3 January 2011 (UTC)

Edit request on 17 December 2011
Could a link to the Dutch version be added?: Yottabyte

WimOckham (talk) 14:20, 17 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done --Jnorton7558 (talk) 22:06, 17 December 2011 (UTC)

What percentage of the internet is porn? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 199.209.144.93 (talk) 20:49, 24 April 2012 (UTC)

Etymology?
Is there any information available on who named this unit and when? Does "yotta" come from "yotta,yotta, yotta," meaning blah,blah,blah? Or from iota? Or?211.225.33.104 (talk) 05:16, 16 April 2014 (UTC)
 * The prefix was named in 1991. See Yotta. It is unlikely that the word came from "blah, blah" since science is not colloquial business. Nevertheless, the etymology for yotta should go on the yotta page. Piguy101 (talk) 23:54, 29 April 2014 (UTC)
 * It appears that the prefix comes from the Greek οκτώ (októ), meaning eight, because it is equal to 1000^8. Piguy101 (talk) 00:00, 30 April 2014 (UTC)
 * You mean yada yada which could be translated as fuck fuck. --92.214.160.127 (talk) 13:36, 26 September 2014 (UTC)

Xenottabyte? Shilentnobyte? Domegemegrottebyte?
What comes next after Yottabyte?

Are these candidates for next after Yottabyte real? Are there other names?

Xenottabyte              (1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 bytes)

Shilentnobyte            (1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 bytes)

Domegemegrottebyte (1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 bytes)

http://highscalability.com/blog/2012/9/11/how-big-is-a-petabyte-exabyte-zettabyte-or-a-yottabyte.html

 * They are indeed all real and there are terms for two higher orders of magnitude above a Domegemegrottobyte as well.

Icosebyte = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 bytes

Monoicosebyte = 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 bytes.

https://twitter.com/verizonnews/status/553944360308719617?lang=en (That was the highest unit of data in use in 2015. Note, however, that he refers to not only the terms you used but also the two I mentioned. All 5 terms are real, but there is no named terms for anything more than a Monoicosebyte (Such as 1000/1024 Monoicosebytes).24.127.197.176 (talk) 04:27, 8 June 2018 (UTC)

 * The article uses SI approved units. So far, yottabyte is the largest (and was adopted in 1991). Until larger scales are officially adopted, the infobox won't be changed. All of these other terms have simply been suggested by various people, but they aren't universal or official in any way. Coinmanj (talk) 18:46, 29 July 2018 (UTC)

Tape Storage?
What about tape storage. This article mentions Terabyte drives and microSD cards. How about how many data tapes would it take to make up one Yottabyte? Sure enough this bit of trivia would be useful for this article. As the hard drive and SD card analogy made it here. 66.188.81.70 (talk) 21:41, 2 May 2015 (UTC)

Update the Area Required to Store Yottabyte
"In 2010, it was estimated that storing a yottabyte on terabyte-size hard drives would require one million city block size data-centers, as big as the states of Delaware and Rhode Island combined.[1] If 200 GB microSDXC cards (the most compact data storage medium available to the public as of early 2015) were used instead, the total volume would be approximately 800000 cubic meters, or the volume of 32 percent of the Great Pyramid of Giza."

Please can someone keep an eye on this section and update it as memory becomes more compressed? If they are Micros SDXC then it appears from

http://www.picstop.co.uk/memory-cards/sdxc-memory-card?page=3

and http://www.amazon.co.uk/SanDisk-Extreme-512GB-Memory-SDSDXPA-512G-G46/dp/B010510SEQ/ref=sr_1_2?s=electronics&ie=UTF8&qid=1435359174&sr=1-2&keywords=sdxc-cards+512

that the capacity of publically available memory chips has doubled to 512GB. I presume that reduces the volume of space required to one sixth of the Great Pyramid?Robata (talk) 22:54, 26 June 2015 (UTC)

I've found another link to 512GB https://www.sandisk.com/home/memory-cards/sd-cards/extremepro-sd-uhs-i. I've taken the liberty of reducing the size reference. Robata — Preceding unsigned comment added by Robata (talk • contribs) 21:31, 5 January 2017 (UTC) My edit appears to have been removed. I have revised the paragraph to make the reason for its inclusion clearer, which is that the move from 1YB taking up an area the size of the Great Pyramid to that of mobile structures such as the Hindenburg (or twice the Titanic's footprint, or less than the largest cruise ships (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS_Oasis_of_the_Seas) indicate that this previously unfathomably large amount of memory can in modern times be practically stored and used. If you want to make that point clearer, fine. But I think it needs making.Robata (talk) 22:30, 20 January 2017 (UTC)

Decimal vs binary meanings of 'terabyte'
There is a discussion of the decimal and binary meanings of 'terabyte' at Talk:Terabyte. The discussion has possible implications for this page. If you wish to comment, please do so on the terabyte talk page. Dondervogel 2 (talk) 10:54, 29 July 2015 (UTC)

Comparisons
Delaware and Rhode Island are flat surfaces, and the Hindenburg was a three dimensional object - so not a direct comparison - and what proportion of people (particularly those living outside the US) would know the geographical areas or the volume. How many double-decker London buses' floor surfaces would the two figures equate to? 82.44.143.26 (talk) 17:26, 19 June 2019 (UTC)

Gamerbyte
On most (all?) of the SI data unit pages there is a reference to a Gamerbyte in the top right "multiples of bytes" table which is listed as "100,000,000,000,000,000 yobibyte" (commas added for clarity. I am not familiar with this SI / IEC term and a quick google confirms this is not a valid unit of measurement.  Should this edit be deleted?

title: Talk:Yottabyte