text:
Talk:Lutheranism

Lutheran view on God the Father
There is no section on Lutheran views on God the Father. Could one or two of you guys please write something roughly the same size as the Catholic/Orthodox/Mormonism/etc. sections there. I could try to do it, but you guys will probably get it right. Thanks. History2007 (talk) 19:25, 29 April 2012 (UTC)

Germany
"Lutheranism is a main Protestant denomination in Germany (where it forms about 40% of the country's Protestant population)...". Definitely 40% of the OVERALL population, not of the protestant population!--Severino (talk) 15:15, 2 November 2012 (UTC)
 * Looking at a subpage to the article it says "Approximately 40% of German Protestants are members of churches belonging to the "Vereinigte Evangelisch-Lutherische Kirche Deutschlands" (VELK). The majority of Protestants belonging to Union Churches of Germany are also members of parishes which are traditionally Lutheran. In Germany there also exists the Independent Evangelical-Lutheran Church (SELK), which formed from those opposed to the forced Union with Reformed churches in Prussia. The SELK is a member of the International Lutheran Council (ILC). The SELK is separate from the state churches and has 35,642 baptized members as of 2008." So I believe the 40 % is referring to the 40 % of Protestants who belong to VELK. But there are other Lutherans too, so it´s a somewhat misleading number. Protestants currently make up about 30 % of the total population in Germany. w/r Iselilja (talk) 17:02, 2 November 2012 (UTC)
 * Lutherans make up the overwhelming majority of Protestants in Germany. These numbers seem to be correct: Evangelical Church in Germany (abbreviated EKD in German) 23.9 mio members out of 25 mio Protestants in Germany (which make about 30% of Germans as you wrote correctly, about the same amount as Catholics). The 40% are definitely a misleading number. I don't know if SELK & VELK are sub-organizations of the EKD.--Severino (talk) 18:31, 2 November 2012 (UTC)
 * As I understand from the article about EKD it isn´t per definition Lutheran. Here is what is said about the name: "The German term evangelisch here more accurately corresponds to the broad English term Protestant rather than to the narrower evangelical." I have always believed that a vast majority of Protestants in Germany were Lutherans, but I haven´t found a source for it while searching now. If you have something, you may of course add it to the article if you like. I removed the 40% claim and instead inserted 30% Protestants in Germany which would be the upper limit of Lutherans. w/r Iselilja (talk) 18:54, 2 November 2012 (UTC)
 * The EKD comprises lutheran and calvinist churches. The confusion comes from the fact that "evangelisch" in german is equivalent to "lutheran". But, "evangelisch" is usually translated as "evangelical" in English although Lutherans are only in exceptional cases "Evangelicals" (which is "evangelikal" in german).--Severino (talk) 19:08, 2 November 2012 (UTC)
 * To further clarify, indeed the EKD (a federation of regional German protestant churches) comprises lutheran, calvinist (Reformierte) and united (Unierte) churches. The united churches are united lutheran-calvinist. Without having done exact numbers, roughly 50% lutheran, 45% united and 5% calvinist. The exact percentages for "lutherans among German protestants" would depend on whether you count the lutheran-calvinist-united churches as lutheran or not. Note that for most normal Germans (outside the clergy) there is hardly a noticeable difference between the different protestant churches, hence the confusion amongst Germans as well. 2A0A:EF40:205:E301:2457:E66C:BE05:56C1 (talk) 13:19, 17 November 2023 (UTC)

talk page Luther got saved from Catholicism
It is unlikely that Luther considered himself a Catholic after he nailed his thesis to the door! The edict of worms 1521 or 'the excommunication' was just Catholicism by Catholic priests because in Luther's eyes he was already an ex-Catholic. Marking the statement as dubious.
 * Since there is a citation, you should check the source. I'm pretty sure Luther considered himself a Catholic long after the 95 Theses, which he intended to be the beginning of a debate on how to reform the Church from within. --JFHutson (talk) 17:39, 17 December 2012 (UTC)

What about the clergy?
I think there should be a section on Lutheran clergy. Are there priests? Nuns? Brothers? Monks? Different orders of clergy? What are they clergy called? Pastors? Rectors? Anything else? Could someone with knowledge start such a section, please? 201.191.106.162 (talk) 21:19, 16 May 2015 (UTC)

Lutheranism by country
For some reason, the map used in this article, omits some Lutheran churches in e.g. African countries. Unfortunatly, I do not know how to compile maps for wikipedia. Should we discontinue using the maps until it is corrected? Or does someone have an explanation for the map being as it is? --Periegetes (talk) 11:26, 16 April 2016 (UTC)
 * The map has now been replaced with a new one containing all LWF membership data. --Periegetes (talk) 14:34, 1 May 2016 (UTC)
 * First of all, it is clearly stated in the file's description that it uses LWF membership data. I suppose these African Lutheran churches you're talking about do not belong to LWF. Feel free to replace that map with a map counting all Lutherans all over the world (really hard to get a reliable source for this)-that's why we use LWF estimates as it contains the vast majority of Lutherans (not all of them!!!). Secondly, that map with circles makes it impossible to really determine a country with lots of Lutherans. For example Germany, the big circle inside Europe. One can suppose it refers to Germany, but it is not CLEAR as in that color map I've placed before.Ernio48 (talk) 20:17, 13 October 2016 (UTC)
 * Shouldn't you Ernio48 find out about things before you start reversing justified edits by others? Unlike in the old map, the map shows all countries in the LWF membership statistic (including e.g. Ethiopia). If you do not believe that you are free the check it from the original source. Obviously, your knowledge concerning Lutheran churches around the world is too limited for you make some judgements. Please learn more and come back then. Equally, Ernio48 does not have a clue about basic rules of thematic cartography that can be read from any cartography textbook: Absolute figures (like number of people), must always be presented on proporational symbol maps, which will then give a clear and easy visual impression about the actual volume. The Choropleth map is suitable for displaying proportional data such as percentages. If we want to display countries "with lots of Lutherans", we would need to make a choropleth map showing the percentage of Lutherans. I rest my case. I do not engage in edit-warring. It up to others to consider if an erroneous map should really be used. --Periegetes (talk) 15:42, 14 October 2016 (UTC)
 * Feel free to edit the old map. I think we all agree that map with circles does not really show anything to an outsider that came to read the article.Ernio48 (talk) 17:15, 14 October 2016 (UTC)
 * Ernio48: Just talk about yourself, do not generalize on the basis of your own assumptions. --Periegetes (talk) 19:08, 14 October 2016 (UTC)
 * Well doesn't that sound reasonable to you. Nvm.Ernio48 (talk) 19:43, 14 October 2016 (UTC)

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Too many images sandwiching text
Please see MOS:SANDWICH. Sandy Georgia (Talk)  13:35, 15 April 2019 (UTC)
 * Issue seems to be resolved by now.--Epiphyllumlover (talk) 16:02, 25 April 2019 (UTC)

Comparison among Protestants
I could've swore there was a table here at one point with the various differences. Either way, just the one-liner of "Protestants vary on salvation" makes the section effectively useless. Maybe bring back the table or remove the section? Vypr (talk) 22:49, 25 April 2019 (UTC)

 * The table is still there, but it's in a collapsed state by default. If you click on the box labeled "Protestant beliefs about salvation", you'll see it. Indyguy (talk) 00:42, 26 April 2019 (UTC)

 * Oh, thank you. I didn't even see it in the corner there, I'll look into the template it's using and see why it's in that spot. Vypr (talk) 06:20, 28 April 2019 (UTC)

Western Hemisphere and Australia
Section labelled with Australia conspicuously missing anything to do with Australia or in turn the LCA. 211.30.189.7 (talk) 07:04, 2 September 2020 (UTC)

Can you make this page semi protected, thank you
 * I added the Lutheran Church of Australia to the Western Hemisphere and Australia section. As for semi-protection, this page receives a fair amount of vandalism but for now I do not support ongoing page protection. There are not a great deal of active editors covering Lutheran topics. Protecting this page would turn more new editors away.--Epiphyllumlover (talk) 21:49, 26 September 2020 (UTC)

unacceptable
STOP making these articles! shorten all this and merge with Martin Luther, or refer to actual churches (they certainly don't call themselves Lutheran in Germany, rather evangelical, and only luther-ish in opposition to more radical sects) 2601:588:8100:E3C0:540B:D123:51BB:2174 (talk) 01:22, 21 July 2021 (UTC)
 * In the English speaking world, Lutheran is still commonly used. "Lutheran" is not used so much in Germany today, I agree with you about that. The Reformed and Lutheran Churches were forcibly merged during the Nazi era; the new term for the landskirche in general became "Evangelical" because both the Reformed and Lutheran churches had historically used the term Evangelical.--Epiphyllumlover (talk) 00:26, 26 January 2022 (UTC)

History
The history section does detail the history of the modern, massive spread of Lutheranism across the globe. It only addresses failed revival movements which is confusing contrasted with the statistics later in the article. 2603:6010:11F0:3C0:F192:503E:F2A5:B6F2 (talk) 02:01, 19 October 2022 (UTC)

Bias
I've modified multiple statements in this entry that present specific Lutheran viewpoints as facts grammatically. My unnecessary good faith edit was removed by the wonderful editor who helped me, and I've reviewed the article to try to limit it to edits that are actually relevant for the clarification of an objective presentation of Lutheranism. Feel free to modify or remove my edits, all you more experienced editors. I am a historical theologian rather than an experienced editor, so I appreciate your patience as I attempt to improve on this page and other related pages. Ysys9 (talk) 16:14, 4 February 2023 (UTC)
 * The article is on my watchlist for now so I'll keep tabs on your changes. Unfortunately, the population of expert editors in the Lutheran area isn't what it used to be. Please let me know if you need help finding any details! ~ Pbritti (talk) 16:42, 4 February 2023 (UTC)

Thank you very much. I am aquatinted with Lutheran ministers of various opinions and Luther scholars, so please let me know if I can also be of assistance to your efforts. Ysys9 (talk) 16:45, 4 February 2023 (UTC)

I should note as potentially relevant that I am not a Lutheran, and as such I do not have any bias towards any particular strand of Lutheranism. I am merely aquatinted with many ministers of various religions through my academic endeavors. Thank you again for your assistance and generous offer of help. Ysys9 (talk) 16:48, 4 February 2023 (UTC)

Emmanuel Lutheran in the USA
I’m not sure if Emmanuel Lutheran is big enough to be on the Wiki, but there are a lot of Emmanuel Lutherans in my area. I feel like it should be at least added on to something but I am not sure what exactly. Ohhellothere1 (talk) 01:42, 14 February 2023 (UTC)

Article issues and classification

 * This article has failed the B-class criteria since having been marked as having unsourced statements in 2017. Reassess to C-class. The "Further reading" section has a laundry list of primary sources that appear complicated with a lot of Perspectives. These include the American Lutheran Church (ALC), Church of the Lutheran Confession (CLC), Evangelical Lutherans in Mission (ELIM) - forerunner of the AELC. The Lutheran Council in the United States of America, a coordinating advisory organization for the LCMS, ALC, and LCA, the Lutheran Church in America (LCA), which supposedly ceased to exist in 1988 after merging with the Association of Evangelical Lutheran Churches (AELC) forming the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America (ELCA) comprising 65 synods in nine regional offices. There is the Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod (LCMS) considered a denomination, and the Lutheran Churches of the Reformation (LCR) an association of Lutheran congregations. There is also the English District of the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod (non-geographical) and the Lutheran Congregations in Mission for Christ (LCMC). I am not sure how badly I may have messed this up, but then again, it is complicated. Not complicated is LCMC is reportedly the fourth largest Lutheran group in the United States, after the ELCA, the LCMS, and the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod (WELS). There is also the Norwegian Synod and the Slovak Synod.
 * I think merging some of these articles would allow better flow and ease of reading. -- Otr500 (talk) 08:33, 21 February 2023 (UTC)
 * Not sure what exactly you think needs to be done. All of the linked articles you refer to are for specific historical or current Lutheran denominations or organizations that are more or less independent of each other; and some of these are quite small. Lutheranism does not have a single head like the Catholic Church has with the pope. As far as the Further reading section is concerned, I would agree that way too many "perspectives" are included for someone reading such a high-level article as this, especially those of the very small groups such as the LCR. Indyguy (talk) 15:39, 21 February 2023 (UTC)
 * Having had 2,085 editors and 616 watchers I thought a regular editor to the article might happen along. There really is no cause for there to be 28 links with 19 being "Perspectives". I am not familiar with the subject enough and would just choose around 15 of those that include "perspective" from the bottom up and delete them. Also, the two big maps in the "Distribution" subsection could use a review. -- Otr500 (talk) 08:13, 24 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lutheranism


text:
Talk:Site-Specific

 * Why is this an adjectival title? Surely it should be "Site-specific art"? It seems very odd when most (ok, not all) of our articles are nouns or noun phrases of some kind, and somehow seems more like a dictionary thing to do than an encyclopedia. Or am I missing the point? Nevilley 09:13, 18 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * I agree. I put on a merge with Site specific art Clubmarx

 * I have moved the Site specific art article to Site-specific art, and changed the merge notices to reflect this. --taestell 04:49, Jun 27, 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Site-Specific


text:
Social Democratic Party of Russia (2001)

The Social Democratic Party of Russia (SDPR; Социал-демократическая партия России; СДПР; Sotsial-demokraticheskaya partiya Rossii, SDPR) was a political party founded in Russia by Mikhail Gorbachev on November 26, 2001. The first name of the party was Social Democratic Party of Russia (United).

History
The Social Democratic Party of Russia was a coalition of several social democratic parties, had approximately 12,000 members, but had no seats in the Russian State Duma. Gorbachev resigned as party leader in May 2004 over a disagreement with party chairman Konstantin Titov who had insisted, over Gorbachev's opposition, on a deal with the pro-Kremlin United Russia Party in the previous year's general election.

Konstantin Titov, in turn, announced his resignation at the 3rd convention of the party held September 4, 2004. The convention elected the new chairman, Vladimir Kishenin, leader of the Party of Social Justice, who was favoured by Titov.

Presenting himself, Kishenin mentioned that he studied in a KGB college in 1972-1975. When asked why he was a trusted representative for Vladimir Putin during the last presidential election, Kishenin explained that this was done at the request of Vladislav Surkov, deputy director of the President's Administration.

On April 13, 2007, the party lost its official status due to its small membership. The vast majority of the party's base has regrouped under the banner of Union of Social-Democrats, a new party organized and led by Mikhail Gorbachev, founded on October 20, 2007.

Youth organization
Youth organization of Social Democratic Party of Russia is Russian Social-Democratic Union of Youth (RSDUY, Russian: Российский социал-демократический союз молодёжи). RSDUY was founded in 2000 and have official status. RSDUY is an observer of International Union of Socialist Youth.


text:
Talk:Betty Boop

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 01:51, 16 May 2022 (UTC)
 * Betty Boop's Birthday Party (1933).webm
 * Deleted GenQuest  "scribble"

Race/ethnicity of Betty Boop
This article does not mention that Betty Boop is cast as African American in the new musical. There is some discussion of her ethnicity as possibly Jewish -- and a question here in the talk section about whether she's African American; however David Foster must have had some reason to cast her that way. Skysong263 (talk) 03:11, 7 December 2023 (UTC)

 * Betty Boop was based on Helen Kane. However, the Fleischers and Mae Questel added large parts of their own personalities to her. So, Betty is definitely Jewish, and is portrayed as such in multiple cartoons. As for why Foster cast an African-American woman...it's part of a trend of trying to rewrite History. Portraying British Queens as Black, Isaac Newton as South Asian, Cleopatra as Black. And, it all is in one direction. Nobody casts Daniel Radcliffe as Malcolm X. Anyone trying to claim Betty Boop was "originally Black", or "based, even indirectly, on an African-American performer" is lying, plain and simple. Betty Boop came out of Vaudeville, not Jazz. She couldn't be more obvious if she had a hook nose. Yet, this "Baby Esther" stupidity keeps coming up, like a turd that won't flush. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 197.89.10.57 (talk) 09:00, 8 December 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Betty Boop


text:
Talk:Evar Saar

Notability?
I think this is a vanity page. Besides, I think Evar Saar doesn't lack merit as he as collected over 50,000 local names. It could be written a couple of sentences on him. But I am not sure he is important enough. Andres 09:30, 18 Mar 2004 (UTC)
 * 2004 he got national award Order of the White Star (V class). So automatically notable?--Estopedist1 (talk) 07:00, 3 April 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Evar Saar


text:
Talk:Ed Wood

Featured Article?
I think this qualifies for a nomination for Featured Article, no? --CancerOfJuly

Barnstar?
Someone award Angry Candy a barnstar for the work done on this article. Best Ed Wood content on the web.

 * I'm not going to argue with that. I'm great and I deserve it. :D (Rob 10:14, 7 June 2007 (UTC))

NPOV
On the one hand, the article as it is doesn't really seem to be NPOV, blatantly calling his movies "awful" and his abilities "lousy". On the other hand, these opinions are almost universally held. But you can't take a POV expression and tack on a word or two before it to make it NPOV. What to do? --Furrykef 09:32, 18 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * It'd probably be sufficiently fair to list what makes them thought of this way, and to note that they are generally considered so - David Gerard 11:30, Mar 18, 2004 (UTC)

 * I have been working on the NPOV problem, as have various bots and Wikipedians with an eye to NPOV errors. I think it's okay now, but peer review on this matter is very much encouraged. Angry Candy 13:21, July 28, 2005 (GMT)

Racism
I have a question/issue regarding the un-attributed statement, "Wood's dark side emerges in such sexual shockers as Raped in the Grass or The Perverts and in short stories such as "Toni: Black Tigress", which preyed on common racist fears. One might argue that Wood was writing for a specific market and that the content of these books are not personal opinion, but it is nonetheless true that most of his books did derive from Wood's own vices and views." (Emphasis mine.) This seems to be rather a bold thing to say, without any obvious evidence or attribution. In fact it seems to border on defamation, since it makes an absolutely factual claim: there's no uncertainty in how it's written, it flat-out calls Wood a racist. I think it should be toned down, or some sort of attribution should be added to justify the claim that he was, in fact, racist. I am going to comment out the above-bolded phrase in the article; if anyone can attribute the claim and wants to put it back in, it's fine with me. I have no love for the man, but I think the article is inappropriate currently. -- Kadin2048 18:40, 27 January 2006 (UTC)

NPOV in "Cult Status"
Re: section about pornography based on Wood's films. I believe there are word-choice problems with calling the porn films "paradoxical" (there is no paradox) and possibly with "ironic". The NPOV problem is with the phrase "sex scenes worked in around what little plot was in the original". Wood's films don't demonstrate a lack of plot in practice or reputation, and value judgment is implicit. In defense, it can easily be argued that Plan 9 and Bride of the Monster suffer from an excess of convoluted plot, and Glen or Glenda is as dense as any character study. These issues should be cleaned up, unless they can be defended. "Paradoxically", however, I am removing.--Chris Stangl

Critical Discourse on Wood
I understand this is a touchy page for NPOV, as Wood's reputation has been built on the popular belittlement of his films, and his place in history cemented by earning the Worst Director of All Time title by popular vote. An encyclopedia entry would be remiss not to acknowledge this, and I think the preamble amiably notes ("zeal and honest love of movies") other possible reactions to the films, but as early as Danny Peary's Cult Movies books, the films were being discussed as intentionally subversive, critical of government and social and gender constructs. Rudy Grey's biography is fairly impassive, but in interview has for years been exonerating Wood's talent. These minor anomalies don't need to be in the body of the article, but as it stands the article goes out of its way to say "his talent... so far not undergone any kind of critical re-appraisal", which is unequivocal. "Reappraisal", for that matter, needs no hyphen. Chris Stangl

Titles and formatting
Placing titles in two sets of single-quotes is wikimarkup for producing italics. Please stop switching titles to double quotes and/ or inserting punctuation into the marks. I know it looks proper on the editing screen, but it produces incorrect formatting in the article. Chris Stangl 18:06, 25 April 2006 (UTC)

Does the title "Wood Pulp:..." seem unusual to anyone else?

Re Baptist Funding and Name of Plan 9 from Outer Space
Specifically: "They also changed the name of the movie from Grave Robbers from Outer Space... ". Both the Wiki entries for Plan 9 from Outer Space and Ed Wood (biopic) state that, unlike what is shown in the Tim Burton biopic, the Baptist funders did NOT force Eddie to change the title from Grave Robbers... to Plan 9. Which ever is correct it should at least be consistent across the various Wiki entries.

I agree. From the page, "in this case, the Baptists required a member of their church to have a lead role in the film and demanded that all castmembers (including Vampira, Tor, 'Bunny' and Criswell) be baptised prior to filming. They also changed the name of the movie from Grave Robbers from Outer Space and removed lines from the script which they considered profane." This is contradicted in "The Haunted World of Edward D. Wood, Jr." wherein the Reverend explicitly states that Wood was the one who suggested his cast be baptised, and that no one in the congregation was aware that the name of the movie had been changed. Ormaybemidgets 15:57, 6 September 2007 (UTC)

He was a notorious womanizer in his younger days, but in later life he respected women
This says more about the author's attitude to "womanizers" that it does about Ed Wood. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.152.67.113 (talk) 09:18, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

Question regarding Wood's funding
You know, what I have often wondered is just how he was able to make so many movies, since they were artistic and commercial flops right from the first. How did he get the money for the later ones?

 * His funding came from all manner of unconventional places. In Plan 9, for instance, he basically tricked money out of a bunch of Baptists and for other big films such as Bride he sweet-talked it out of various wealthy people who were naive to the ways of film production or were unfamiliar with his name and work. Much of his pornographic work was above board (since production companies weren't too bothered about quality in that sector) and people like George Weiss were able to produce things in the early days. Ed didn't have to drum up too much money don't forget - he was a master of economy! --Angry Candy 16:18, 16 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Question regarding early footage
''Ed was given his first movie camera on his 17th birthday: a Kodak 'City Special'. One of the first pieces of footage he shot was of a German plane crashing to the ground in his neighborhood, a piece he was endlessly proud of.''

 * There were German planes making it to New York during World War II? I thought the USA shores were never compromised?

 * (Guess this is a long-winded way of saying 'source?') Vodex 10:42, Jan 9, 2005 (UTC)

 * The source of the German plane nugget was actually Nightmare of Ecstasy by Rudolph Grey. Admittedly, the book is almost completely anecdotal and filled with personal subjectivities (being part of the book's beauty). Grey's researh is pretty comprehensive though and he'd have mentioned it in the book if he doubted the information's validity. He also has a lot of original and rare Wood footage so he may even have a copy of said Kodak footage. --Angry Candy

Know it's kinda late to chime in, but it wasn't a German Plane, Ed Wood (supposedly) caught footage of the Hindenburg crashing.70.242.12.23 02:34, 11 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Impossible, the Hindenburg crashed May 6, 1937. Ed Wood turned 17 October 10, 1941. If somebody has the actual text from Nightmare of Ecstasy, it would make more sense to use the words from the book. It's possible Ed Wood may have had a copy of the Hindenburg crash, but it's quite outlandish to suggest he was there with a camera at age twelve. --Barrel-rider 08:47, 3 July 2006 (UTC)

 * How does that make it impossible? If he was 17 in October of 1941, 17-4=13, and the Hindenburg crashed in May, the year of Wood's 13th birthday. The math adds up.209.169.114.213 04:32, 27 July 2006 (UTC)

If by some miracle he did have Hindenburg footage, shot by himself at age twelve, his name would be in every article about the Hindenburg. Barrel-rider 07:20, 22 January 2007 (UTC)

 * This should probably be cleaned up. Now it says that Ed, at age 12, filmed the crash of the Hindenburg with a camera that he got for his 17th birthday. Lordz (talk) 12:08, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

I changed the date that he received his first camera to age 12 for now, because it is the only way possible he could have filmed the Hindenburg, also he does not show up in articles related to the Hindenburg because he filmed it before it crashed, but not the actually crash itself. Several hundred people filmed the Hindenburg moments before the crash. I could not find any verification for his age at the time so I am going to the library today to get the book: Grey, Rudolph Nightmare of Ecstasy. 1994. Feral House. ISBN-13: 978-0922915248. and check the age because I think it is most likly that originally it might have been misread as 17 instead of 12, or simply wrong in the book. There is also the third posibility that he did not record it with his camera. David Weatherspoon out.

Name
I think this article should go by either "Ed Wood" (no 'Jr.') or "Edward D. Wood, Jr.", as these are the names by which he is best known. "Ed Wood, Jr." is not commonly used and Ed himself mostly used it on novels.Rhindle The Red 01:31, 6 July 2006 (UTC)

 * This seems to have been resolved. Title of page now conforms to your latter suggestion. (Rob 10:18, 7 June 2007 (UTC))

RE: Transvestism
Dear editors,

Through this article, it states that Ed Woods was a transvestite. I am wondering if you have any clear citations of him saying so? I acknowledge that the quote RE Glen or Glenda is fairly indicative, but that too is uncited.

Am asking in reference to Mr. Wood's appearence on List of transgender people, which is currently being cleaned and cited. Cheers!  Lauren  ♫/∆ 07:15, 4 April 2007 (UTC)

considered for walk of fame
i know hes like the worst director ever but a min ago i found something about him being considered for the walk of fame. im just going to find the thing right now. DeadWood 16:43, 26 August 2007 (UTC) Found it!!! http://www.brixhamheritage.org.uk/services/data10.htm its near the bottom page. DeadWood 16:46, 26 August 2007 (UTC)

Movies
The "Movies" section has gotten overlong and filled with information best found on the Edward D. Wood, Jr. filmography. It needs to be condensed and focused on Ed's filming methods and/or Ed's relevant involvement. Less trivia. Rhindle The Red (talk) 19:20, 28 November 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for File:Glenda.jpg
File:Glenda.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 14:44, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

Shooting speed
The article says "While most directors film only one scene per day (or just a fraction of one in more contemporary pictures), Wood might complete up to 30 scenes." How many scenes are filmed per day is generally an issue of how much luxury you have to film the movie. Roger Corman is notorious for not being as leisurely as Ed Wood on some of his movies (see The Little Shop of Horrors), and I suspect anyone shooting on that budget shoots quite a few scenes a day. It's not most directors vs. Wood, it's people with large shooting budgets vs. people with tiny shooting budgets.--Prosfilaes (talk) 11:33, 27 May 2008 (UTC)

Revered as the worst director of all time
The article currently says
 * Among connoisseurs of kitsch and bad cinema, Ed Wood is revered as the ultimate "bad" director of all time.

Apparently, we have some editors who want to amend it to say

 * Among connoisseurs of kitsch and bad cinema, Ed Wood is revered as the ultimate "bad" director of all time, even though that distinction is now held by Aaron Seltzer, Jason Friedberg and Uwe Boll.

The first sentence needs to be cited and clarified; there's no one director who gets the unquestioned claim of "ultimate "bad" director of all time". The second sentence deserves nothing more than the trash; Wood is not comparable to those directors, in any meaningful sense at all. Without cites, it completely violates WP:NPOV as well as WP:V and WP:NOBADJOKES.--Prosfilaes (talk) 06:06, 15 August 2008 (UTC)

Marriage Status
Surely Ed Wood remained legally married to his first wife until death, did he not? If so the second "Mrs Wood" ought not to be referred to as his wife.

Comments? —Preceding unsigned comment added by FilmLawyer48 (talk • contribs) 11:02, 29 October 2009 (UTC)

What makes you think he and his first wife never divorced? Kathy Wood's obituary refers to her as his widow, which means SHE was his wife when he died. If you are disputing that, tell us why... where did you hear otherwise? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 192.54.250.11 (talk) 18:34, 29 November 2011 (UTC)

Really in the marines?
There is a claim in the article that he was in the marines 42-46 but no link, no source. Shouldn't be too hard to ensure that he was there, plenty of official papers from that time still around. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.95.109.196 (talk) 22:19, 13 May 2010 (UTC)

Hello, Ancestry.com has put up the WWII USMC rosters online, an Edward D Wood Jr has 26 entries from 1942 through 1946 which seems to match the info that was already included in the paragraph. He is the only Edward D Wood Jr listed on the Rosters. I've included that info in reedited Marine paragraph including his service number and major units assigned to. I plan to order his service record from St Louis which should include a service photo of Wood in uniform. One item to note is that Ancestry also includes the US Navy, Marines and Coast Guard casualties and Ed Wood Jr is NOT listed on the roster which means he was not injured in combat although he could have been injured in other ways not related to combat. The Roster does note that he was at a hospital in late 1945 but not sure if he was a patient or a military assignment. Thank You Leonardo Flores — Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.162.37.194 (talk) 17:06, 23 August 2012 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: Not moved. Jafeluv (talk) 09:44, 1 February 2010 (UTC)

Ed Wood → Ed Wood (someapproriatelabelhere) — To make way for a dab page. The current one at Edward Wood (disambiguation) is not good enough. -- Alan Liefting (talk) - 00:44, 25 January 2010 (UTC)

Survey

 * Feel free to state your position on the renaming proposal by beginning a new line in this section with  or  , then sign your comment with  . Since polling is not a substitute for discussion, please explain your reasons, taking into account Wikipedia's naming conventions.

 * Oppose The dab page contains this Ed Wood, a movie about him, and various other things which are either (like the lst Earl of Halifax, or the footballer Jackie Wood) never called "Ed Wood", or (like the leader of the Alberta Mormons) else hardly ever mentioned at all. The present arrangement is how we deal with such cases. Septentrionalis PMAnderson 07:36, 25 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Agreed. — V = I * R (talk to Ohms law) 16:40, 25 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Oppose This is by far the most well-known Ed Wood. faithless   (speak)  04:49, 26 January 2010 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

NPOV
The line "Wood's other vices included soft drugs, alcohol, and sex" smacks of conservative tut-tutting; I propose replacing it with a more neutral line.

"Summing-Up" --> "Inspirations" ?
I feel titling the final section in the 'Movies' area as "Summing-Up" is sort of clunky. I'd propose renaming it "Inspirations" since it talks explicitly about two main muses, of sorts, for Wood -- Welles and Lugosi. Thoughts? Evixir (talk) 02:16, 26 September 2010 (UTC)

Request for source regarding Lugosi and "Bride of the Monster"
The article currently states "In the finale, the frail, elderly Lugosi was reduced to thrashing about in the mud with a large rubber octopus when the motor needed to turn it into a flailing beast could not be located." I believe part of this may be mistaken. The scene where the doctor is caught by the octopus at the end of the film clearly uses the stunt double, not Lugosi himself. While the book Nightmare of Ecstasy does indicate Lugosi shot one scene in the water, it doesn't specify which scene. Burton's biopic "Ed Wood" made the connection between the octopus scene and the scene referenced in NoE, but I can't find any specific confirmation. If someone has a source to back up the claim that it was Lugosi and not the stunt double, that would be a lot of help here, and thanks. Clockster (talk) 10:11, 10 December 2010 (UTC)

question: daughter Kathleen Emily Wood
No citation for the claim that he had a daughter -- has this been verified?Maejenn (talk) 06:18, 3 March 2017 (UTC)

Wording-->What he wore under his uniform
"Wood usually wore a women's bra and panties under his uniform throughout his years of service." Did he? Did he ever say so? 69.158.140.110 (talk) 01:37, 28 April 2013 (UTC)

deleting B.S.
I had a web conversation with Adam Parfrey of Feral House regarding this paragraph:

"In a December 2010 published article at Mondo Film & Video Guide, indie print publisher Feral House, who in the last few years had re-printed dozens of Wood's novels, ended sales on all Wood titles when Wood's estate requested a cease and desist due to uncertainty about whether Wood wrote all the novels published under his name or not."

I doubt very much that an entity that can be called "Ed Wood's estate" even exists at this point.

Adam Parfrey: "I never printed a book written by Wood, and never received a cease and desist order from anybody... crazy shit."

documentation, peep this: https://scontent-b-sjc.xx.fbcdn.net/hphotos-prn2/1395982_10201120043376377_1558230710_n.jpg

And scouring the web finds no trace of these "dozens" of nonexistent Ed Wood titles.

Bustter (talk) 03:22, 12 October 2013 (UTC)

Further on this, I emailed the folks at Ramble House, a publisher that did have several Ed Wood reprints available...and learned that there was, in fact, static coming from the Ed Wood estate. Fender Tucker, high muck-a-muck at Ramble House writes, "What I heard from Bob Weinberg* is that there is dissension among the heirs and that it would cost $$$$$ in lawyer fees to get them to agree."

Of course, this is OR, so good luck finding an accurate RS.

Bob Weinberg is the entertainment lawyer who repped Kathy Wood to Disney for the Burton film, Someone might wish to work that tidbit into the article. Here's a source [which also offers some details about Kathy Wood] -- http://www.interviewmagazine.com/film/bob-blackburn-ed-wood Bustter (talk) 20:30, 16 October 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Ed Wood. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20100328140056/http://www.cinemainsomnia.com:80/lobo.php to http://www.cinemainsomnia.com/lobo.php

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers. —cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 02:53, 26 August 2015 (UTC)

Posthumous Golden Turkey during his lifetime?
The introductory paragraphs say that Wood died in 1978 and received a posthumous Golden Turkey award in 1975. Please fix this. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 209.159.232.121 (talk) 03:21, 31 July 2017 (UTC)

False claim?
...and was shot several times in the leg by a machine gunner (shown false in The Unknown War of Edward D. Wood Jr.: 1942–1946 by James Pontolillo).
 * Strange wording. If the claim was 'shown false', it probably ought to be left out of the story altogether. Valetude (talk) 14:03, 21 January 2019 (UTC)

Long term relationship?
"Wood had a long-term relationship with actress and songwriter Dolores Fuller, whom he met in late 1952... The couple broke up in 1955".

What does it mean "long-term" if they are 3 years?

82.113.26.235 (talk) 18:04, 7 February 2019 (UTC)

It means they lived together for three years like a married couple. That's long-term compared to a one-night stand.

Rewriting content reverted
I copy edited this article the other day only to have my edits largely reverted and labeled “vandalism” by user HerbLightfoot despite leaving an edit summary. I didn’t add or change the meaning of any information in the “Personal life” section, so claims that I added “unsourced” content is patently untrue. The sources are already there. I reworded much of the already sourced content in that section because it was informally and frankly poorly written. There were many usages of subject’s first names, inexplicable bolding of names and archaic wording. Much of it read like a tabloid. I have reverted back |to the version I edited because my edit was legit and not unexplained/unsourced vandalism. If anyone disagrees with my edits, it should be hashed out here and not wholesale reverted and falsely labeled vandalism. Thank you. 2600:387:A:3:0:0:0:72 (talk) 07:09, 11 January 2022 (UTC)

 * You needlessly moved sentences around for no apparent reason and also changed Wood's daughter's name from Kathy to Kathleen a number of times without a reference source to back it up. When you change people's names in the article it obviously requires reference sources. By your own admission, you added nothing of value to the article other than messing up his daughter's name. If you see a fact that is incorrect, change it but don't erase everything that's been added to the page since last week. And please put a reference source next to the sentence you change? That's very important. — Preceding unsigned comment added by HerbLightman (talk • contribs)
 * Yeah, I’ve reinstated the changes I made. The issues you claim to have with the changes have been corrected. I did in fact use “Kathleen” when the source only states her name being Kathy. Every other change is still verifiable in the source given. I will repeat myself - None of the changes I made are unsourced. They are ALL supported by the citations given in the article. I find it a little funny that you’re so concerned about sourcing when it’s clear there’s basically one source - using one page - to source the section I’ve edited. It’s almost like sourcing isn’t the issue. Also, the claim that “McCarty” was inexplicably changed to “McCarthy” isn’t entirely true. I found one instance of that being so due to autocorrect. That has been fixed. That said, it’s become quite clear that the real issue with the changes I’ve made isn’t that they were “unsourced”. It was that changes were made at all. Your wholesale reverts re-added things to the article that do not belong. Names should not be bolded in the article body. There was also many instances of incorrect punctuation (mostly a clear lack of understanding on how commas and parenthesis work), repeated usage of subjects’ first name, needless trivia (why is it important that Wood’s drinking buddy was mistaken for dead?) and unencyclopedic wording (calling someone’s home “cheap” is an opinion). This is the second time I’ve pointed out these issues. They shouldn’t be in the article at all. For any reason. If you still feel compelled to revert my changes, I’d like to know why you can’t be bothered to fix those things. Is this article not held to the same guidelines and standards as the rest of the article on Wikipedia are? Please explain why. Lastly, I’ve left this lengthy explanation for one reason - to show that I have repeatedly attempted to fix the article and make it more readable, explained my actions only to be reverted by one person who seems to think they own this page. Anyone can edit Wikipedia. If you don’t want “your” work tampered with, don’t release it. If these changes are reverted again, I’ll gladly open a dispute resolution to deal with it as I have through the proper steps already. There should not be this much pushback from one individual over legitimate edits on a fairly obscure article. One person doesn’t get to dictate what goes into an article and that seems to be what’s happening here.2600:387:A:7:0:0:0:63 (talk) 05:12, 2 March 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ed Wood


text:
User:Sj/Listoflistsoflists

Right now, just a list of the lists themselves; soon this will become unmanagable, and I will add links to List of reference tables and its many counterparts.

title: User:Sj/Listoflistsoflists


text:
Century City

Century City is a 176-acre (71.2 ha) neighborhood and business district in Los Angeles, California, United States. Located on the Westside to the south of Santa Monica Boulevard around 10 miles (16 km) west of Downtown Los Angeles, Century City is one of the most prominent employment centers in the Los Angeles metropolitan area, and its skyscrapers form a distinctive skyline on the city's westside.

The district was developed on the former backlot of film studio 20th Century Studios, and its first building was opened in 1963. Important to the economy are the Westfield Century City shopping center, business towers, and the Fox Studio Lot.

History
The land of Century City belonged to cowboy actor Tom Mix (1880-1940), who used it as a ranch. It later became a backlot of the former 20th Century Fox, which has since divided to become 20th Century Studios, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company, and Fox Corporation, which has its headquarters just to the southwest. The area is named for 20th Century Pictures, which merged with Fox Film Corporation, in 1935.

In 1956, Spyros Skouras (1893-1971), who served as the President of the former 20th Century Fox from 1942 until 1962, and his nephew-in-law Edmond Herrscher (died 1983), an attorney sometimes known as "the father of Century City", decided to repurpose the land for real estate development. The following year, in 1957, they commissioned a master-plan development from Welton Becket Associates, which was unveiled at a major press event on the "western" backlot later that year.

In 1961, after Fox suffered a string of expensive flops, culminating with the financial strain put on the studio by the very expensive production of Cleopatra, the film studio sold about 180 acre to developer William Zeckendorf and Aluminum Co. of America, also known as Alcoa, for US$54 million (US$533 million in 2023 money) who had plans for a $300 million (3 billion 2023) development. Herrscher had encouraged his uncle-in-law to borrow money instead, but once Skouras refused, he was out of the picture.

The new owners conceived Century City as "a city within a city". In 1963, the first building, Gateway West Building, was completed. The next year, in 1964, Minoru Yamasaki designed the Century Plaza Hotel. Five years later, in 1969, architects Anthony J. Lumsden and César Pelli designed the Century City Medical Plaza.

Geography
According to the City of Los Angeles Department of City Planning, Century City constitutes census tract 2679.01.

Century City is generally bounded by Santa Monica Boulevard to the north, the city of Beverly Hills to the east, Pico Boulevard to the south, and Century Park West to the west (including the west side of Century Park West between Santa Monica Boulevard and Constellation Boulevard). These boundaries correspond with those recognized by the Century City Business Improvement District Association.

Neighboring Century City are Beverly Hills to the east, Cheviot Hills to the south, West Los Angeles to the west, and Westwood to the north.

Mapping L.A.
The Mapping L.A. project of the Los Angeles Times extends Century City's western boundary to Beverly Glen Boulevard. However, this more expansive definition is not consistent with other L.A. Times reports: a 1999 article sets Century Park West as Century City's western boundary, and a 2017 article refers to the neighborhood to the west of Century City (between Century Park West and Beverly Glen Boulevard) as distinct from it.

Demographics
Century City makes up census tract 2679.01, which is 0.4 square miles. The 2000 U.S. Census counted 2,428 residents and 1,812 housing units, for an average of 1.34 persons per household.

The 2017 American Community Survey estimated a population of 2,235 in Century City, or 5,170.1 people per square mile, and 1,929 housing units. Per capita income was $148,638 and median household income was $123,889.

Mapping L.A. data
The following data apply to Century City within the boundaries set by Mapping L.A.:

In 2008, the median age for residents was 46, older than average for the city and the county. The percentage of residents aged 65 and older (26.4%) was the highest for any neighborhood in Los Angeles County. The percentages of widowed men and women and of divorced men were among the county's highest. Military veterans accounted for 11.9% of the population, a high rate for the city and the county.

The neighborhood was considered "not especially diverse" ethnically, with a high percentage of white residents. The breakdown was whites, 82.5%; Asians, 8.6%; Latinos, 4.4%; blacks, 1.4%; and others, 3,0%. Iran (21.2%) and Canada (6.1%) were the most common places of birth for the 25.5% of the residents who were born abroad—a low percentage, compared to the city at large.

The median yearly income in 2014 was $95,135, a high figure for Los Angeles. The percentage of households that earned $125,000 and up was high for Los Angeles County. The average household size of 1.8 people was low for Los Angeles. Renters occupied 39.6% of the housing stock and apartment owners held 60.4%.

Economy
Westfield Century City and Fox Studios occupy important acreage in the neighborhood. Westfield Century City underwent an $800 million renovation and expansion aiming to maintain the center's status as one of the Westside's premier shopping and entertainment destinations.

One tower, Constellation Place (formerly the MGM Tower), has the headquarters of Houlihan Lokey, ICM Partners, and International Lease Finance Corporation. Crystal Cruises is also headquartered in Century City along with haircare manufacturer, John Paul Mitchell Systems.

Government and infrastructure
The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services SPA 5 West Area Health Office serves Century City.

Los Angeles Fire Department Station 92 is the assigned fire station for the district. The Los Angeles Police Department operates the West Los Angeles Community Police Station at 1663 Butler Avenue, 90025, serving the neighborhood.

Santa Monica Airport is nearby. Major roads including Santa Monica Boulevard, Pico Boulevard, the Santa Monica Freeway (I-10), and the San Diego Freeway (I-405) are all located next to Century City. Olympic Boulevard goes through Century City.

Phase II of the D Line Extension, set to open in 2025, will add a subway stop (Century City/Constellation) on the D Line at the intersection of Avenue of the Stars and Constellation Boulevard, in the heart of Century City.

Education
Fifty-five percent of Century City residents aged 25 or over had earned a four-year degree by 2000, a high figure for Los Angeles.

Los Angeles Unified School District is the school district of Century City.

Three private schools are located in or near Century City — VINCI Academy Daycare & Preschool, at 1940 Century Park East; Lycée Français de Los Angeles, at 10361 Pico Boulevard; and Temple Isaiah Preschool and Kindergarten, at 10345 West Pico Boulevard.

There are also two public schools located near Century City in Westwood- Westwood Charter Elementary School and Emerson Community Charter Middle School. These are both schools part of the Los Angeles Unified School District.

title: Century City


text:
Ma and Pa Kettle

Ma and Pa Kettle are comic film characters of the successful film series of the same name, produced by Universal Studios, in the late 1940s and 1950s. “The hillbilly duo have their hands full with a ramshackle farm and a brood of rambunctious children. When the future comes a-callin' in the form of modern houses, exotic locales, and newfangled ideas, Ma and Pa must learn how to make the best of it with luck, pluck, and a little country charm.”

Originally based on real-life farming neighbors in Washington state, United States, Ma and Pa Kettle were composite characters created by Betty MacDonald in whose 1945 best-selling, semi-fictional memoir, The Egg and I, they appeared. The success of the novel spawned the 1947 film The Egg and I starring Claudette Colbert and Fred MacMurray, also co-starring Marjorie Main and Percy Kilbride as Ma and Pa Kettle. Main was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role.

After the audiences' positive reaction to the Kettles in the film, Universal Studios produced nine more films, with Marjorie Main reprising her role in all and Percy Kilbride reprising his in seven. The films grossed an estimated $35 million altogether at the box office and are said to have saved Universal from bankruptcy.

Premise

 * Phoebe "Ma" Kettle (played by Marjorie Main in all 10 films) is a raucous, hardworking country woman with a robust figure. She is smarter than Pa, but not by much, and can easily be fooled. (In the book, she is earthier and more profane. When she was a newly immigrated Baltic teenager, she married Pa under the impression that since he owned a farm, he was a solid prospect.) Ma is content with her role as mother to 15 rambunctious, mischievous children on their ramshackle farm in rural Cape Flattery, Washington. Because she has so many children, Ma sometimes gets their names confused. A misspelled sign "Be-ware of childrun" is posted in front of the farmhouse to warn unwanted visitors of hurled rocks, projectiles from slingshots and pea shooters, and other missiles launched by the rowdy and unpredictable Kettle brood.
 * Franklin "Pa" Kettle (played by Percy Kilbride in the first eight films and by Parker Fennelly in the 10th and last film) is a gentle, slow-speaking, slow-thinking, and lazy man. His only talents appear to be avoiding work and winning contests. In the second film of the series, the family moves into a modern home with numerous electronic gadgets won by Pa in a tobacco slogan-writing contest. As the series continued, various reasons were devised to have the family relocate to the "old place", sometimes for extended periods of time. Much of the comedy is cornball humor arising from preposterous situations, such as Pa masquerading as a wealthy industrialist ("P.A. Kettle" in Ma and Pa Kettle at Waikiki, 1955) or being jailed after he accidentally causes racehorses to eat feed laced with concrete (Ma and Pa Kettle at the Fair, 1952). He has a younger brother, Sedgewick Kettle (played by Arthur Hunnicutt in the ninth film), who owns their parents' farm in Mournful Hollow, Arkansas.

Recurring characters in the series

 * Thomas "Tom" Kettle is the eldest of the Kettle children and is portrayed by Richard Long in the first four films. Tom works hard and goes to college at Washington State University, studying animal husbandry. He designs an improved chicken incubator. He meets his future wife, Kim, in a train ride back to Cape Flattery, but due to work issues, the two relocate to New York City.
 * Kimberly "Kim" Kettle (née Parker) is the wife of Tom Kettle and is portrayed by Meg Randall in three films. She was the reporter for a popular Seattle magazine and came to Cape Flattery to write a series of articles on the Kettles and their new model home. Kim is very fond of the Kettles.
 * Birdie Hicks is the Kettles' aging, cantankerous archenemy and is portrayed by Esther Dale in four films. She usually rides around in either her Model T car or her horse-drawn buggy with her elderly mother, lamenting Pa's laziness and the family's lack of organization. Birdie frequently competes with Ma whenever there is a quilting or jam contest at the county fair. In a rare act of kindness, she gives Ma and Pa the prize money she won at a horse race so Rosie can go to college. Apparently, her mother, Mrs. Hicks or Mother Hicks (played by Isabel O'Madigan in two films and by Hallene Hill in one), sympathizes with the Kettles.
 * Billy Reed is the town's local merchant, portrayed by Billy House in the first film (1947), and then by Emory Parnell in four films (1949–1954). Billy has a general store in downtown Cape Flattery where his motto is written: "If there's anything you need, just come in and see Billy Reed." He often stops at the Kettle place to visit or deliver merchandise.
 * Rosie Kettle is the Kettles' second-eldest daughter portrayed by Gloria Moore in one and Lori Nelson in two films. She desires to go to Sheraton College, but is unable to do so because of the family's economic instability. She is later learned to be working in Seattle. Rosie travels to Waikiki with Ma and Pa to help with cousin Rodney's pineapple enterprise.
 * Jonathan and Elizabeth Parker are Kim Kettle's parents portrayed by Ray Collins and Barbara Brown in two films. They travel from Boston to see Tom and Kim's newborn baby in the fourth film. Elizabeth does not get along with the Kettles at first, but over time, realizes her mistake; Jonathan enjoys being with them from the start. The Parkers invite Ma and Pa to a trip to Paris in the sixth film.
 * Geoduck (Oliver Blake) and Crowbar (Teddy Hart or Stan Ross) are Pa's Native American friends and usually act as his handymen, doing various tasks around the house under Pa's "supervision." Geoduck, pronounced "jaw-duck" in The Egg and I and then standardized as "gear-duck", is the chief of their tribe.

Kettle Kids
Ma and Pa Kettle and Ma and Pa Kettle Go to Town mention 15 kids (including Thomas and Rosie above), although inconsistency arises in the names

Animals on the Kettles' farm
Bossie is the Kettles' red and white milk cow, which provides Ma, Pa, and their family with plenty of milk. Most of the time, the older Kettle boys or even Pa's Indian friends, Geoduck and Crowbar, milk her. In "Ma and Pa Kettle Go to Town" (1950), Pa is seen milking Bossie while listening to the music playing on the radio.

The chickens are a flock of nearly 100 chickens kept by the Kettles on their broken-down farm, which provide them with many eggs each day. Sometimes, one or two of the hens cause mischief towards the Kettles or other characters in the films. In Ma and Pa Kettle at Home (1954), Ma Kettle's prized speckled hen is seen a few times laying eggs on Mannering's head or in his bowler hat.

Pa Kettle's team includes an old, retired trotting horse, named Emma, and a white donkey wearing a straw hat, which together pull Pa's wagon around the county. In Ma and Pa Kettle at the Fair (1952), Pa buys Emma originally to win a horse race at the county fair.

Nick is the Kettles' prized black bull. He spends most of his time living on the Kettles' farm, which is his main home, but in Ma and Pa Kettle at Home, he sneaks out of the farm and lumbers towards the Maddocks' farm to visit one of John Maddocks' prize cows, Bessie. He is often seen wearing a derby hat on his head, similar to the hat worn by Pa Kettle.

The goats are herd of four white Saanen goats that live on the Kettles' farm. In Ma and Pa Kettle at Home, their original owner, John Maddocks, sells them to Pa Kettle for $100. The goats spend most of their time grazing around the farm, but the largest of them, a large billy with massive, curved horns, often causes everyone trouble. In Ma and Pa Kettle at Home, he butts Ma, then Mannering, and lastly Pa, after they turn their backs to him. In Ma and Pa Kettle Back on the Farm, he starts chewing on several sticks of dynamite which Pa bought to make a new well for Ma, but Pa keeps snatching them from him.

Agnes is the Kettles' family Bluetick Coonhound, which also lives on the farm. She is often seen wearing a sweater that Ma Kettle made for her. In Ma and Pa Kettle at Home, she produces a litter of puppies for the Kettles and their friends at their Christmas Eve party.

Kettle farm set
The Kettle Farm (also known as Gausman Ranch, playfully named for set decorator Russell A. Gausman) was a movie ranch in Universal Studios, where most of the Ma and Pa Kettle features were filmed. The set was redressed several times to resemble a cluttered farmhouse with dilapidating farm buildings. The Kettles' farmhouse did not appear in Ma and Pa Kettle on Vacation and Ma and Pa Kettle at Waikiki. The farm buildings were restored and painted for Ma and Pa Kettle at Home. The entire farm set was modified for The Kettles in the Ozarks, where it was reused as Uncle Sedge's farm in Arkansas. The remodeled farmhouse was also used for The Kettles on Old MacDonald's Farm. Prior to the Kettle Farm area being demolished in 1969 to begin construction on the Gibson Amphitheatre, it was significantly altered for the filming of Spartacus. Today, this site is The Wizarding World of Harry Potter.

The movie ranch appeared in other films and television series, including:

 * The Thing That Couldn't Die (1958)
 * The Deputy (1959–1961)
 * Alfred Hitchcock Presents (9th season episode "The Jar")
 * Adam-12 (1968–1975)

Films
The ten Kettle films are:
 * 1) The Egg and I (1947)
 * 2) Ma and Pa Kettle (1949) or The Further Adventures of Ma and Pa Kettle
 * 3) Ma and Pa Kettle Go to Town (1950)
 * 4) Ma and Pa Kettle Back on the Farm (1951)
 * 5) Ma and Pa Kettle at the Fair (1952)
 * 6) Ma and Pa Kettle on Vacation (1953)
 * 7) Ma and Pa Kettle at Home (1954)
 * 8) Ma and Pa Kettle at Waikiki (1955)
 * 9) The Kettles in the Ozarks (1956)
 * 10) The Kettles on Old MacDonald's Farm (1957)

The Egg and I
Ma and Pa Kettle first appeared in supporting roles as neighbors in The Egg and I, starring Fred MacMurray and Claudette Colbert as a refined city couple who move to a rural chicken farm. Marjorie Main, a veteran character actress, played a hardy country woman in dozens of films, so was a natural for the role of Ma Kettle. Main was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.

Ma and Pa Kettle series
After the success of The Egg and I, Marjorie Main and Percy Kilbride starred in their own series of Ma and Pa Kettle movies, which became box-office bonanzas for Universal Pictures, having earned an estimated $35 million for the entire series.

Universal insisted on releasing only one Kettle picture annually, during the spring months. Consequently there was a backlog of completed but unreleased films. Ma and Pa Kettle Go to Paris was ultimately released as Ma and Pa Kettle on Vacation; Ma and Pa Kettle Hit the Road Home became Ma and Pa Kettle at Home. Kilbride retired after the latter film in 1953, primarily from boredom with the character, as well as health concerns. Kilbride's farewell film was Ma and Pa Kettle at Waikiki, filmed in February 1952 but finally released in 1955.

The Kettles films
In 1954 Universal assigned the Kettle producer, director, and writer to make a new rustic comedy with Main but without Kilbride, Ricochet Romance, while trying to persuade Kilbride to return to the series. When Kilbride refused, the studio kept the franchise going by dropping "Pa Kettle" from the film titles and referring to the series as "The Kettles."

Arthur Hunnicutt played Pa's brother Sedge Kettle in The Kettles in the Ozarks (1956). The next film brought back Pa Kettle in the person of Parker Fennelly, who had played homespun, laconic types on radio; The Kettles on Old MacDonald's Farm (1957) was not successful enough to prolong the series, but Universal kept the older films playing in theaters into the 1960s.

Box office rankings
At the height of the popularity of the series, exhibitors polled by Quigley Publishing voted Kilbride and Main among the most popular stars in the US:
 * 1951 - Marjorie Main alone 15th-most popular star
 * 1952 - Main and Kilbride 25th-most popular
 * 1953 - Main and Kilbride 13th-most popular
 * 1954 - Main and Kilbride 15th-most popular
 * 1955 - Main and Kilbride 25th-most popular

Adaptations and revivals
Betty MacDonald's characters Ma and Pa Kettle also appeared in television's first comedy serial, The Egg and I, which aired on CBS (September 3, 1951 – August 1, 1952). Each episode was only 15 minutes long. Ma Kettle was played by Doris Rich and Pa Kettle was played by Frank Twedell. Betty Lynn (better known as Barney Fife's girlfriend Thelma Lou from The Andy Griffith Show) played Betty MacDonald in some episodes, including "Pa Turns Over a New Leaf" (which aired on May 21, 1952). The role was usually played by Pat Kirkland. Another episode, "The Purloined Jacket", starred Mary Perry as Cammy, Richard Carlyle as Joe Kettle, and William A. Lee as Ed Peabody.

Animator Walter Lantz produced a short-lived cartoon series for Universal Pictures called "Maw and Paw", although only four cartoons were released between 1953 and 1955. The characters Maw and Paw (voiced by Grace Stafford and Dal McKennon, respectively) were based on the characters of Ma and Pa Kettle. The spellings of Maw and Paw Kettle appeared in the book The Egg and I (1945). Another Walter Lantz cartoon, "The Ostrich Egg And I" (1956), from the Maggie & Sam series, was a spoof of The Egg and I, with Maggie voiced by Grace Stafford and Sam voiced by Daws Butler.

In The Munsters season-one episode "Family Portrait" (S01 E13, 1964-12-17), a magazine writer makes a reference to the Kettles when he sees the Munster home, which he implies resembles the Kettle farmhouse: "Let's see if Ma and Pa Kettle are home."

In several Warner Bros. cartoons of the 1950s and 1960s, prolific voice artist June Foray imitates Marjorie Main's voice whenever a big, aggressive female character appears in the cartoon. Many boomer kids became familiar with Foray's version of Main's voice before they discovered Marjorie Main as the source of Foray's imitation.

The satirical film Loose Shoes (1980), which starred Bill Murray, included a sketch called "A Visit With Ma and Pa", where Ma Kettle was played by Ysabel MacCloskey and Pa Kettle was played by Walker Edmiston.

DVD releases
The Adventures of Ma and Pa Kettle Volume 1

as the first part of Universal's Franchise Collection series.
 * The Egg and I
 * Ma and Pa Kettle
 * Ma and Pa Kettle Go to Town
 * Ma and Pa Kettle Back on the Farm

The Adventures of Ma and Pa Kettle Volume 2

as the second part of Universal's Franchise Collection series.
 * Ma and Pa Kettle at the Fair
 * Ma and Pa Kettle on Vacation
 * Ma and Pa Kettle at Home
 * Ma and Pa Kettle at Waikiki

The Further Adventures of the Kettles

as a TCM Vault Collection presented by Universal Studios:
 * The Kettles in the Ozarks
 * The Kettles in Old MacDonald's Farm

The Ma and Pa Kettle Complete Comedy Collection

as a TCM Vault Collection presented by Universal Studios:
 * The Egg and I
 * Ma and Pa Kettle
 * Ma and Pa Kettle Go to Town
 * Ma and Pa Kettle Back on the Farm
 * Ma and Pa Kettle at the Fair
 * Ma and Pa Kettle on Vacation
 * Ma and Pa Kettle at Home
 * Ma and Pa Kettle at Waikiki
 * The Kettles in the Ozarks
 * The Kettles in Old MacDonald's Farm

title: Ma and Pa Kettle


text:
Talk:Lira

Maltese Lira was changed to Euro in 2008 not 2002
Maltese Lira was changed to Euro in 2008 not 2002 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.188.47.25 (talk) 08:15, 28 January 2013 (UTC)

Removed Cyprus Pound
I removed the reference to the Cyprus pound from Current Uses as it has been abolished as of Jan. 1/08. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 149.99.247.70 (talk) 15:12, 1 January 2008 (UTC)

Photos of Coins
The two photos appear to be lit from different angles which is quite confusing - any replacement photos available?

Help required
I uploaded a picture of a 20,000,000 Lira note, but I can't seem to make the thing appear on the article page. I note that a kind person removed the blank grey bit that showed up after I was done. Thanks for that. It did look bad. If you can manage to make the picture show that'd be great. I've scanned it up twice to no avail.

(Yes I have scanned pictures and uploaded them before, as you can see with the 1000 Lira and Ottoman 100 Lira that are already visible. Thanks to those people who formatted them to fit the page too. That 100 Lira scan was huge!)

 * I've done as you asked; the problem was that you were trying to add "20Million.jpg" when the file you uploaded is actually "20million.JPG". File names are case sensitive, so the former doesn't actually exist.

 * I also re-aligned and cropped the large area of white space out of the picture. I didn't actually remove any of the note itself; it still looks a bit off kilter, but better than it was (I think?). Hope it's okay. -- Hadal 10:20, 18 Mar 2004 (UTC)

You're a legend! Thanks very much for that. It was driving me insane! never you non losers with multi talents —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.110.54.170 (talk) 21:58, 24 October 2010 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:1lira1863front.jpg
Image:1lira1863front.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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Fair use rationale for Image:1lira1863front.jpg
Image:1lira1863front.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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Fair use rationale for Image:1lira1863front.jpg
Image:1lira1863front.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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Fair use rationale for Image:1lira1863front.jpg
Image:1lira1863front.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 03:57, 4 June 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:1lira1863front.jpg
Image:1lira1863front.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in Wikipedia articles constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

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missing official code TRY of Turkish Lira
The article should mention, in addition to obsolete abbreviations, the official (uni)code of the (new) Turkish Lira which is TRY. (And maybe along other abbreviations also the (uni)code "DMG" for the Syrian pound / Lira.) — MFH:Talk 02:01, 18 August 2022 (UTC)
 * Currency codes are nothing to do with Unicode (unlike currency symbols, which are), it is the ISO standard ISO 4217 that defines them. But yes, go right ahead, it seems to be a pretty uncontroversial addition. --John Maynard Friedman (talk) 16:34, 18 August 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lira


text:
User:Seherr

See the same pseudo on the french Wikipédia.

User:Seherr/test
 * sub-page :

File:Himmelstalundshallen i Norrköping, den 24 april 2007 cropped.jpg
 * speedy deletion requested :

title: User:Seherr


text:
Beaton Tulk

Beaton Tulk (May 22, 1944 – May 23, 2019) was a Canadian educator, civil servant and politician. He served as the seventh premier of Newfoundland from 2000 to 2001 as a member of the Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador. To date, he is the last premier of the province to be born in the British dependent territory of Newfoundland, before its accession to Canada as a province.

Early life
Born in Ladle Cove, Newfoundland, Tulk was the youngest son of Sadie and Japhet Tulk. He graduated from Memorial University with BA, B.Ed, and Master of Educational Administration degrees. He also later obtained a Canadian Securities Investment Diploma. An educator prior to politics, he was a supervising principal for the Carmanville school system from 1974 to 1979.

Political career
Tulk was first elected to the Newfoundland House of Assembly in 1979 as the Liberal Party of Newfoundland (later Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador) member for Fogo, and was re-elected in 1982 and 1985. He was defeated in the 1989 election, and in 1990 became the Assistant Deputy Minister of Children and Youth Services for the Newfoundland government. He was returned to the House of Assembly for Fogo in 1993. He was then elected in the newly redistributed riding of Bonavista North in 1996, and re-elected in 1999.

Tulk was appointed Minister of Forest Resources and Agrifoods in May 1997 and Minister of Development and Rural Renewal in July 1997. In December 1998, he stepped down from cabinet when he was the subject of allegations of wrongdoing by the owner of a private college. He was cleared of any wrongdoing by the police and by a commissioner's report, and returned to the cabinet in April 1999. He was appointed Deputy Premier in August 2000 and Premier of Newfoundland in October 2000 when his predecessor, Brian Tobin, returned to federal politics. He was not a candidate in the race to succeed Tobin as Liberal leader and returned to the position of Deputy Premier in February 2001 when Roger Grimes was elected Liberal leader and sworn in as Premier.

In 2002, Tulk resigned his provincial seat to run unsuccessfully for the federal Liberals for the House of Commons of Canada seat of Gander—Grand Falls in a by-election after George Baker was appointed to the Senate, but was defeated by Rex Barnes. Tulk then tried to return to provincial politics, running in the provincial by-election resulting from his own resignation, but was defeated by Harry Harding.

On December 16, 2002, Tulk was appointed by the federal government of Jean Chrétien to the Canadian Transportation Agency.

Later life
In 2018, Flanker Press released his autobiography, A Man of My Word, co-written by Laurie Blackwood Pike. He lived in Musgravetown with his wife Dora during his final years.

Tulk died from prostate cancer on May 23, 2019, one day after his 75th birthday. He was diagnosed with the illness fifteen years prior to his death. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau praised Tulk's career of "putting people first" citing his death as a "loss of a great Canadian and a great Liberal".

title: Beaton Tulk