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User talk:Richard Myers/Archive 1

Columbine Mine Massacre
I see you've copied material from http://www.rebelgraphics.org/columbinestory.html into the Columbine Mine Massacre article. The name of the article's author and your name are the same, so I assume you are the same person, and therefore are granting Wikipedia the copyright to release this information under the GFDL copyright. If this is so, could you please explicity say so on the article's Talk page? If you don't the stuff you added will have to be deleted as a copyright violation. RickK 20:17, 18 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * Columbine Mine Massacre talk page updated.
 * Columbine Mine Massacre talk page updated.

 * Richard Myers

Welcome Fellow Worker
Welcome to Wikipedia, fellow worker.

I just noticed an edit (Labor history) that you made a few days ago, and came across your personal page and saw you are a Wobbly. I am not an official red-card-carrying Wobbly, although I have gone to the local meetings, am on the local mailing list and work with them from time to time on labor solidarity. I'm actually headed out right now to my shift at a local infoshop/bookstore where three of the four people in the collective running it are Wobblies.

Anyhow, Wikipedia can use you since I feel there's a cabal of anti-union, right-wing people running the show here at Wikipedia to some extent. Many of them are admins, some of them are just regular users. Having some experience, I would give you the advice of starting out slow and learning the ropes before getting into fights with them. Take the high road and follow the rules even when they don't. Make the best efforts to come to an agreement as Wikietiquette suggests even when you know they have no desire to. You'll get to see which admins are biased (and which users), along with which of the handful of admins are on your side (and which users). Anyhow, avoid fights before learning the ropes and the rules and the various techniques and tactics people use, and present a cooperative, positive attitude even when they're being negative, antagonistic and breaking the rules. Once we have a group of like-minded people, we'll be more able to deal with this here. Avoid handing them ammunition.

Ultimately, I think the solution is who owns and controls the servers. Currently it's Jimbo Wales, who makes money from porn sites and who has stated over and over how he is an Ayn Rand fan. He usually avoids overt favoritism, except perhaps when it comes to Israel, which he supports. There are wikis limited to certain topics like Disinfopedia which I feel are friendlier, although their scope is limited. I was happy to see Recyclopedia pop up, but it seems to be up and down. Ultimately I hope to see a wiki spring up that is run by volunteers and donors who share a progressive point of view. It's too bad I no longer have a free colocated box or I'd just put one up myself. -- Paso del Ebro 17:36, 20 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * The above isnt really a fair characterization, but thats OK - the independent Wiki governance plan is well underway. I have some similar concerns, but if you (PdE) complain about a social order influencing material on Wikipedia - then you really dont understand how an open encyclopedia really works. Asking JW to enforce a POV more inline with yours is just as elitist as the opposite. -IOH|taq 18:28, 20 Apr 2004 (UTC)

RM - Nice work on Labor history and labor movement - greatlyappreciated - I started to fill in some of the related articles, and made the Mediawiki:labor sidebar for inclusion in related articles. Question: what does labor movement fall under? Social struggle? It's got to fit into a more general category - the sidebar on a general category should be more generalized. regards, -IOH|taq 18:28, 20 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the comments. Much to think about here, hopefully i'll have more time to explore these issues later.
 * Thanks for the comments. Much to think about here, hopefully i'll have more time to explore these issues later.

 * Richard Myers

Hi, this is a new Wiki you might be interested in -

http://www.infoshop.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page

It's just getting started. It's focus will be on topics like the IWW,and that sort of thing. -- J00zus 23:07, 15 Jun 2004 (UTC)

POV check
Thank you for contacting me. I used the template instead of the  because I did not necessarily believe the article to be biased. I do not have enough knowledge of the event to determine this fully on my own, so I put the notice there to give someone else the opportunity to look it over and make a decision. A few lines in particular struck me as somewhat unencyclopedic and possibly biased, such as "This morning men with guns would serve up something different," and "It was a chill November morning in Serene, Colorado, home of the Columbine mine that was nestled peacefully on a rolling Colorado hillside." Some of these lines seemed to be sympathetic toward one side. If you feel differently, please feel free to remove the POV check message from the article. Neutral point of view contains some information on POV issues.

Again, I'm not familiar with the Columbine Mine Massacre. I may just be confusing the novel-esque (I'm sure there's a better word for this) writing style with an underlying bias. There may be a page, such as Pages needing attention, that the article could be listed on to attract some other viewpoints. - MattTM 08:23, Oct 2, 2004 (UTC)

Ludlow
Very moving history, one of the best wikipedia pages out there. I assume you were also the anonymous contributor who overhauled it way back when. Italo Svevo 02:32, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Flaming Milka
A couple of people deleted a page that i had created about Amelia Milka Sablich. The page was "Flaming Milka"

I researched this woman over a period of fifteen years. There is now a book in print about Milka, which i edited and helped to write.

There are probably a hundred newspaper articles about Milka, many of them available online through services like Ancestry.com.

What is the reason people destroy other people's work?

Flaming Milka deletion
Richard:

I nominated "Flaming Milka" for deletion (however I did not actually delete it, since I don't have that authority) because I was unable to find any collaborating information with a Google or JSTOR search. If you believe that the page should not have been deleted, then you may follow the "articles for undeletion" procedure (I'm not exactly sure how it works but I assume it its fairly straightforward. Please do not create the page again without following the procedure.) If you would like the article undeleted, it would help to make information available establishing both accuracy and notability. If both of these criteria are met, chances are the article will be restored. If the criteria for inclusion are met, I will vote to undelete the article (although the title should probably be different, as nicknames usually shouldn't be in a page name.) Please note that ancestry.com charges for access to most of its material, and is not a valid reference unless the material is otherwise made available.

As far as contacting you, there is no obligation to contact a page's creator when nominating a page for deletion; I expected that you would have found out immediately through your watchlist (assuming that, as the article's creator, you would have had a "watch" on the page.)

Please keep in mind that I have no desire to "destroy" anyone's work, only to maintain the integrity of Wikipedia, and please do not take a deletion of your article personally. The only instance in which I nominate an article for deletion is if it is warranted by WP standards and never because of the article's content or creator.

Best, Paul Paul 22:41, 17 October 2005 (UTC)

Deletion
Richard, please do not think of deletion as a penalty; it is not. It is in no way a reflection upon you, it simply means that the article did not meet certain criteria. Also, please don't think of it as "destroying" someone's work; just because certain information does not fit into Wikipedia does not mean it has been "destroyed." Paul 02:53, 18 October 2005 (UTC)

References in articles.
I just read your comments about sources for Flaming Milka (at least that was the guess of another reader) on the village pump. I saw the article, which seems to have been reinstated, but realised that the sources aren't given. Please could you add the sources to the article. There are various ways (see WP:CITE), for example you could consider Footnote3 footnotes with references. This very much helps with verification in future. Mozzerati 15:34, 23 October 2005 (UTC)

Proposed WikiProject – Organized Labour
Hi Richard, I found your name by looking at who created Labour movement. I was hoping to interest you in a WikiProject I would like to start. You can find it at Proposed WikiProject – Organized Labour. I'd like to find people with experience (like yourself) who are interested in contributing, or even just providing project input. Thanks. --Bookandcoffee 02:33, 29 December 2005 (UTC)

Sago mine
Read your pieces at progressnow. Seems to me the previous safety violations need to be beefed up. Would you be willing to help out there. All of the gazette pieces are now archived for free at http://www.wvgazette.com/section/Series/The+Sago+Mine+Disaster

Maybe some folks at your yahoo group could help, too. Signed up but the one time I tried to post the computer at the library shut itself off and I lost everything. After I'm off deadline, I'll try again. Do you know yahoo also has a group Mine Rescue you may find of interest.

--Beth Wellington 02:20, 30 January 2006 (UTC)

Don't let the POV warriors push you around
I just stumbled onto: Columbine Mine massacre, and restored most of your work. Don't let the POV warriors push you around. The guy had no right to delete the entire article. I will be closely monitoring the article from now on, and I wont allow people to do what they did to the article before. Travb (talk) 11:07, 26 July 2006 (UTC)

My take on Coal Strike of 1902
Since you requested help, I went through the article and listed the problems I found with it on the discussion page. Hope this helps.

I can only say that, since you seem to actually know something about this issue, God help you here. Nice to see a self-identified laborite here. +ILike2BeAnonymous 03:48, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

American Labor Union stub
A tag has been placed on American Labor Union, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under the criteria for speedy deletion, because it is a very short article providing little or no context to the reader. Please see Wikipedia:Stub for our minimum information standards for short articles. Also please note that articles must be on notable subjects and should provide references to reliable sources that verify their content.

Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself. If you plan to expand the article, you can request that administrators wait a while for you to add contextual material. To do this, affix the template  to the page and state your intention on the article's talk page. Feel free to leave a note on my talk page if you have any questions about this. Ksbrown talk 19:15, 8 February 2007 (UTC)

Bill Haywood article
Hey, just wanted to personally thank you for your work on the Bill Haywood article. I put a lot of work into it, but just couldn't get anyone else involved. I've been on a Wikipedia hiatus, so I was quite pleased to come back and see the work that has been done. Excellent job! Perhaps we should soon think about putting it up for featured status... --JerryOrr 13:34, 9 February 2007 (UTC)

Vandalism isn't cool. Stop it.
Stop vandalizing pages. It's stupid.

 * False accusation.

 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Noam_Chomsky#Vandalism_to_Noam_Chomsky_article

 * Richard Myers 16:27, 13 February 2007 (UTC)

Panhandlers Union
Just noticed you added the IWW tag to the Panhandlers Union article, and wanted to give you a heads-up. I'm Andrew Nellis, the organizer mentioned in the article. There used to be a Wikipedia article on me, personally, but it was destroyed by an organized cabal of anti-union, right-wing goons who happen to know me personally, aided and abetted by Wikipedia admin. It was an annoyance because I know that media have used the article about me in preparing for interviews, which gave us a chance to prime them. Given that my own Wikipedia article was not only deleted but salted to prevent it ever being created again, I've had to organize our local IWW branch to keep an eye on the Panhandlers Union article to make sure it, too, isn't sabotaged. I'd be much obliged if you could add it to your watch list and look in on it occasionally in case we need a hand.

In solidarity for the OBU. SmashTheState 20:17, 14 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Done. I have had sufficient idealogical battles over historical articles on Wikipedia that i'm convinced we need to work together on all such matters. If anyone forms a group for such a purpose, i'll join it. Richard Myers 20:38, 14 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Looks like we've both had run-ins with Mr Christopher over the Starbucks article too. Mr Christopher certainly seems to have an anti-union agenda.  He reverted the details I added to the section on the Starbucks Workers Union. SmashTheState 03:26, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

 * It's not an anti-union agenda, it's a trying to keep the Starbucks article about Starbucks agenda while keeping the union piece a reasonable length there. There is nothing sinister or agenda driven about trying to keep the focus of the Starbucks article about Starbucks and not the starbucks union.  At the Starbucks article, you, (State Smasher), noted that the 50 store picket was a significant item and belongs there yet it appears it was so significant that no one added it where it actually belongs, on the starbucks union articlle.  Instead you push that on the Starbucks one with not even a mention of it on the union article and you want to question my agenda?  A long term solution is warranted for the Starbucks article to keep it from becoming the blog/diary of the union where everything else in the article will be dwarfed by the union activities.   I'll be making some suggestions on how we can accomplish that soon.  Mr Christopher 17:48, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

GA Nomination for Bill Haywood article
I'm working to get the Bill Haywood article passed as a Good Article, and I think I need some help from you. The reviewer liked the article, but asked for more inline citations. I did what I could with the sources I had available, but I think the Industrial Unionism section is probably going to need more inline citations before they pass it. Specifically, the first two paragraphs need some citations for Haywood's opinions on the AFL-CIO, the Haymarket Riot, Gompers, and the advanatages of Industrial Unionism vs Craft Unionism. I think you got that information from two of the books you've been citing.

When you have a chance, do you think you could add these inline citations? If so, I think it'll pass Good Article... then we can look into pursuing Featured status. I think that would be a big boost for Organized Labor coverage on Wikipedia. --JerryOrr 22:39, 16 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Yes, i can do that. It may take a day or so. Richard Myers 22:45, 16 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks! --JerryOrr 23:33, 16 February 2007 (UTC)

Please stop making personal attacks
As you did here and here. It is unprofessional, uncivil and does not contribute anything positive. I made comments about improving the article and you attacked me personally. Please stop. Mr Christopher 22:14, 21 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Please find some other playground. Richard Myers 22:32, 21 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure what you mean. I am requesting that you refrain from attacking me.  Mr Christopher 22:37, 21 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Richard, please read WP:CIVIL and WP:NPA carefully. If you have concerns about another editor, Resolving disputes gives guidance on how to proceed: making personal attacks on a talk page is not an acceptable way to behave. ... dave souza, talk 00:39, 23 February 2007 (UTC)

Haymarket
I responded over on the article talk page. You might want to consider starting a separate article on the deaths at the reaper factory. Gwen Gale 07:20, 24 February 2007 (UTC)

Anna Lo Pezza DRV
Hi,

I have just closed this. Pursuant to its consensus, I will move the userfied draft of yours to the mainspace. This will cause your userpage to appear to be deleted. Don't worry -- its content and history will merely be moved to Anna Lo Pezza. Best wishes, Xoloz 19:19, 24 February 2007 (UTC)

I just ran into you
at that IWW name vote and thought I'd say "Hi". The "red card" (never heard it called that) in the IWW piece is mine and I added the monument pictures at the Ludlow massacre article. I live in NM and pass throught there every now and again. Carptrash 04:20, 28 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Hi, thanks for the shout. I checked out your page a few days ago, after your comment. You might enjoy this page on my website:

 * http://www.rebelgraphics.org/ludlow.html

 * Especially check out the monument was unveiled link.

 * best wishes, Richard Myers 05:35, 28 February 2007 (UTC)

union categories
Hi, Richard. I've started a new section at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Organized Labour, to hopefully get input centralized instead of across the many CFDs and user talk pages. Please feel free to weigh in there. — coe l acan — 22:49, 4 March 2007 (UTC)

song book
Fair enough. I have a copy. If I get around to it, I'll scan it in soon. -- TheMightyQuill 21:03, 24 March 2007 (UTC)

Hello
You do great work here, brother. Keep it up. ANON 2 Apr. 2007

Union busting article
I just want to say great job on the Union busting article. That article has been on my to-do list for some time, and I'd never gotten around to doing it. I'm glad someone's doing it, and you've added a lot of great stuff. SchuminWeb (Talk) 04:51, 4 April 2007 (UTC)

Stratton's Independence Mine and Mill
Thanks for your contributions to Stratton's Independence Mine and Mill. I'm working in fits and starts on Colorado's registered historic places and really appreciate it when an editor that really knows a particular topic contributes their knowledge. --Oddharmonic 03:36, 14 April 2007 (UTC)

Spamming from another employer-funded anti-union website?
I saw that as well. This quote from the website caught my eye. "Bring dignity and the promise of freedom back to Workers and Employers ending the tyranny of the Unions by protecting Business growth and Employee rights." I'm not the most neutral voice, but I would say it isn't a coincidence that Business growth is listed before Employee rights. :)

BTW, you're making an amazing contribution to WP with all your work. Praise can be a bit thin and far-between on this site - so I thought I'd add my voice to the barnstar you have farther up the page here. Cheers.--Bookandcoffee 22:03, 18 April 2007 (UTC)

Molly Maguires
I have placed the inuse template on the article for a specific reason, as I am sorting out the referencing which is a lengthy process. Please do not edit the article while this is ongoing, thanks. One Night In Hackney 303 18:53, 28 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Sounds good, i need a break from editing the article anyway. I'll check for the template when i return. best wishes, Richard Myers 19:08, 28 April 2007 (UTC)

 * I've had to temporarily remove the edit you just made, but I'm working on putting it back now. Thanks. One Night In Hackney 303 19:15, 28 April 2007 (UTC)

 * All fixed. What I've done is merge the duplicate references together, as it saves the references section getting too long. Don't worry if you're adding new references from the same books, I'll be happy to merge them afterwards if necessary. Thanks. One Night In Hackney 303 19:24, 28 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Wheeeee! I see you two have had fun! (especially Richard). Be bold indeed. I've got the page on my watch list in case a storm of disruptive edits start, but, given the talk page consensus, I'm confident these can be quashed. What's there should stand, for general review and comment by other editors, and not be pulled down and denied review, because some editors think it is telling the "revisionist" story (whatever that is). It's better. Not perfect, but a basis for improvement.

 * Critical comment: running long and wordy in places. particulary the history passages leading up to the executions. Some of it feels more like a labor history of the region and I lose track of the Mollies (I start nodding off). I think it can be terser there. Perhaps some of this material can support the history section of the Coal Region, which the Molly article can reference. Rhodes: I would prefer citing Rhodes, rather than blockquoting him. He characterizes the accepted view that rooted in the late 19th century, which is part of the "gentrified view" story. That historical view can and should be paraphrased, rather than quoting one author at length, and Rhodes, McCabe (1877) and some contemporary newspaper editorials can serve as a reference base for such paraphrasing. I could undertake such, but it would be a few weeks from now. Richard seems to be moving faster than that.
 * One inconsistency: maybe others. The aftermath notes that the Mollies were forced to disband after thirty years (1847 - 1877) but the lead paragraph suggests a much more limited time span. I think this stems from the media spash that the hangings created in the summer of 1877; two or three years is about right for the attention span the media of the era gave to the group. In the article, the distinction is not clear. Hope you feel good about this, Richard; it represents a lot of effort. Thank you. — Gosgood 19:42, 29 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Hi, thanks. I feel good about the article, but am not yet satisfied. I'm hoping to find time to order more sources, to double-check the history that i've put up. There are at least a few single-sourced points that ought to be verified further. And, i expect there are available sources which are even more focused on the specific history.

 * Also, the trials and executions sections are not yet finished, i have more complete information to add.

 * The noted inconsistency is between text from the previous article, and new material. I think we don't know which is more accurate, and i believe we could probably find authoritative sources from one extreme to the other. But this represents some of the uncertainty even between historians.

 * In any case, i do like an article that cites specific information, rather than the generalities of the Rhodes insert. I would not mind seeing more additions that support the Rhodes' point of view, if they add to the details of the historical tale, and not just to the broad, sweeping allegations. best wishes, Richard Myers 20:03, 29 April 2007 (UTC)

Ott-Out IWW
The Ottawa-Outaouais IWW GMB is putting together a website and we need material. You sprang instantly to my mind. Do you happen to have any relevant material which we could put on the site? If so, I can put you in contact with our web development person and perhaps our archivist. SmashTheState 16:41, 29 April 2007 (UTC)

 * What sort of material? Richard Myers 16:48, 29 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Background on the IWW, militant labour struggle in general, and anything which will make the site a little less awful than all the other IWW GMB websites we've been looking at. We could pull material from the main IWW.org site, but we'd rather have some unique material.  We're engaged in active organizing here, and it would be nice if we had a site we could point prospective job shops to which featured pro-union material emphasizing the dramatic and effective history of radical unionism. SmashTheState 19:03, 29 April 2007 (UTC)

 * I'm currently quite focused upon other areas, particularly the Western Federation of Miners' struggle in Colorado, the Molly Maguires, and more general topics such as union busting, labor spies, and early federation efforts. I anticipate that i'll begin focusing on the IWW in a few months. Most of my writing will appear on Wikipedia, but of course what i write here is certainly available for other uses. best wishes, Richard Myers 19:21, 29 April 2007 (UTC)

Union dues
Is there a mechanism for deleting pages that do not come up to any acceptable standard? Having a well researched article that you don't agree with is one thing - but rubbish is something else. - Dave Smith

 * There is a policy page at Deletion policy. However, the Union dues page could easily be improved rather than deleted, in my view. best wishes, Richard Myers 22:57, 7 May 2007 (UTC)

IWW
I laughed when I read your edit summary. I looked at the page about an hour ago, and I'll confess that I thought "No, I bet someone else will have something to say about that." Cheers. --Bookandcoffee 09:33, 18 June 2007 (UTC)

AfD nomination of The Left and war
An article that you have been involved in editing, The Left and war, has been listed for deletion. If you are interested in the deletion discussion, please participate by adding your comments at Articles for deletion/The Left and war. Thank you. --  Jreferee  (Talk) 19:21, 14 August 2007 (UTC)

Centralia Massacre
Phi Alpha Theta buff 09:19, 16 September 2007 (UTC) .... Mr. Myers, I was able to get scanned images of 1919 & 1920 era source documentation and am starting to make updates and add references to the Centralia Massacre article. Enjoy!! Sincerely, Phi Alpha Theta buff

Panhandlers' Union
The union article is under attack, and we could use your assistance. This is, we believe, part of an organized campaign which began as a result of the introduction of our Copwatch program. Posters appeared on the streets here which featured me with a gun pointed in my mouth, my Internet account was hacked, my blog vandalized, my email deleted, and now, less than a week later, someone who clearly has an axe to grind has nominated the Ottawa Panhandlers Union article for deletion. The usual wolfpack has formed and it's clear they don't much care how many media references we produce, nothing will convince them the union is notable. Any insight you can contribute to the discussion would be appreciated. Maybe you could let some folks at the Labour portal know about this too? SmashTheState 01:53, 27 October 2007 (UTC)

First Convention of the Industrial Workers of the World
AFL-CIO and IWW member at once? Not always the happiest of friends. In any case, you cited the Brissenden book The I.W.W. which... I know there was a printing of the second edition in 1920 which I have seen but your date was 1919 so... could you add publisher information (city, publisher, edition info, etc.) on either the page or my userpage. gren グレン 23:02, 26 February 2008 (UTC)

Union busting
Hi Richard, I made some style changes to your this article, which I think you've worked very hard on. I hope they're an improvement. I removed those tags - I think there may have been something about the quote farm thing though. Maybe I could suggest integrating some of the opinions of the former union buster and Dr Logan could be integrated more into the text? Otherwise it looks like an endorsement, when they aren't talking about specific events or cases. But great work!  Wik idea  20:57, 21 April 2008 (UTC)

RE:Coeur d'Alene miners' dispute -- stub?
I used a computer program to rate the article for WikiProject Idaho. It gave it a "Stub" rating because other projects had given it a stub rating. I will go back and rate the article by hand. Sorry for the inconvenience! --Andrew Kelly (talk) 04:24, 13 November 2008 (UTC)

Re: Query about the possible return of a sock puppet
Matching accounts and IP's is done at WP:Requests for Checkuser, but that's used when there is a possible violation. (You'd want to start with WP:Suspected sock puppets anyway, since that page judges by behavior.) People are generally allowed to have that kind of information kept private unless there's reason to believe rules are being broken. Cheers, JeremyMcCracken (talk) (contribs) 21:22, 16 January 2009 (UTC)

 * Per what is posted at that talk page, 64.81.85.165 is definitely user:Rgcroc. Based upon the edit summaries at The Burke Group, I think User:jbowersox probably is a sock. I don't think, however, that this person is related to the sock report I'd filed a while back, which appeared to be people from the company. The info I'd given you before became outdated right after I sent it; SSP and RFCU are now merged into WP:Sockpuppet investigations. I'm not sure if a RFCU would be granted in this instance, but if not, the behavioral evidence alone is pretty clear. JeremyMcCracken (talk) (contribs) 15:38, 22 January 2009 (UTC)

 * Ah, I see. It would probably be a good idea then to file the sock report as "Oppo212 (2nd)", since that was the master I used in the first case, and list the IP and two user names as suspected socks. I'm not sure about checkuser, especially seeing as the IP from the old case isn't the same ISP as the new one (though sockpuppet operators often switch ISPs). Bottom line, whether or not they're the same person as the first group, they're almost certainly related to each other, which is disruptive by itself. JeremyMcCracken (talk) (contribs) 05:24, 23 January 2009 (UTC)

 * Jbowersox is denying the connection, but I'm not convinced. I noticed these diffs: rgcroc removed a chunk of content with their last edit to Burke Group, Jbowersox started editing right after; the rgcroc text was reinstated, and Jbowersox reverted. The edit summary summary on that last diff sure looks like someone from the company as well. Additionally, both exhibit the same unique behavior, adding formatted links to articles to the external links section:   I'm looking at Oppo212's contributions, and the writing style sure looks the same. In fact, looking through Burke Group, I may have found another sock,, who edited before rgcroc and has made one recent edit. I'll leave it up to you, since you raised the issue, but I think a report at WP:SPI is definitely warranted. JeremyMcCracken (talk) (contribs) 17:30, 24 January 2009 (UTC)

History of Union Busting
I created this page from your material from the Union Busting article. Because this had been your baby for so long, I just thought that you'd like to know.

I did this for a couple of reasons. Firstly, there is enough there to make a good article. But also, the current union busting article is too long, and there seems to be a push to include more international stuff on there too. For that reason, I believe that the "history of" section of the Union Busting article should be and will be much shorter in the near future.

Anyway, I will try and make the new article nice, and I assume you'd like to make your grandchild better.LedRush (talk) 21:59, 19 January 2009 (UTC)

 * Excellent, thank you. Richard Myers (talk) 00:19, 20 January 2009 (UTC)

Burke Group socks
I just filed a report about the accounts we'd talked about; the report is here: Sockpuppet investigations/Oppo212. Some new users have been trying to clean it up, and I figured it would help to ensure this user didn't interfere. JeremyMcCracken (talk) (contribs) 19:36, 11 February 2009 (UTC)

 * Okay, they've already been blocked. JeremyMcCracken (talk) (contribs) 19:48, 11 February 2009 (UTC)

 * Yes he is; I already filed a sock report for the first, which is blocked already: WP:Sockpuppet investigations/Oppo212. appears to be another, but that account has only posted to the talk as yet, so I'll wait until they start mangling the article before I send it to SPI. JeremyMcCracken (talk) (contribs) 16:36, 22 February 2009 (UTC)

 * Unfortunately, not much that can be done about an IP. It could be blocked, but it's probably a dynamic IP, so they could reset their gateway and get another one. I wouldn't want to request semi-protection because we had a good-faith IP user there, plus THF is going to block any attempt to stop Burke from editing the article, as he's been doing with the socks. (As I posted at the talk, he's almost certainly working for them, but he's covering his tracks too well to nail him on it.) JeremyMcCracken (talk) (contribs) 01:29, 13 March 2009 (UTC)

--kelapstick (talk) 22:03, 23 February 2009 (UTC)

November 1987 Proclamation
Do you mean November 1897? Porturology (talk) 06:53, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

 * Sheesh, that's what i get for editing while tired. Thanks! Richard Myers (talk) 06:57, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

Idaho labor history edits
No complaints, but please don't post unreferenced information; just wait until you can post the references and the information. Nyttend (talk) 13:02, 16 March 2009 (UTC)

Re: Concerning Message from the UK
I can't really say I'm surprised. I see a new user magically popping up there, repeating the same comments. What they're saying is too new to tell, but I suspect with some more messages they'll start to look an awful lot like Oppo212 again. JeremyMcCracken (talk) (contribs) 19:46, 19 March 2009 (UTC)

I just visited your website. Very nice. Let me restructure the uneducated comment. It pertains only to UK issues for which you and your friend above are editing and does not represent the Gestalt. Please note you pushed first, I merely pushed back because, to this non editor observer, you were hostile. --Carrick44 (talk) 08:31, 24 March 2009 (UTC)

 * Not hostile. You're just another sock puppet of the same old puppet master. End of story.

 * Please don't edit my talk page again. Richard Myers (talk) 08:59, 24 March 2009 (UTC)

Recent discussions at WikiProject Mining
Hi, there are some discussions you may want to weigh in on at Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Mining about: Cheers, --kelapstick (talk) 16:25, 23 March 2009 (UTC)--kelapstick (talk) 16:25, 23 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Naming conventions for multiple mines with the same name
 * Using "Categorty:Metal mine in Country" in community/company articles
 * Capitalizing the word "mine" in article titles

Some terrible news
Hi Richard,

Apologies if you already know this, but Zango is no more. Just thought you'd like to know :-) Adrian J. Hunter(talk•contribs) 10:45, 10 July 2009 (UTC)

Comments on Move Proposal for Ludlow Massacre
This is a bit after the fact, but I wanted to say that I found your comments here in response to my proposal to move Ludlow Massacre hurtful and unhelpful. The reason I've done work on the article (and will continue to, as soon as I have more time) is that I think more people ought to know about what happened there. But you'll notice that the article has attracted controversy before. For this reason, I think it's important to frame editorial discussions in a neutral, respectful tone. That way, the article is more likely to be improved rather than mired in disputes. In my opinion, this will ultimately serve the memory of the victims better than name-calling on the talk page. At any rate, I'm glad you feel strongly about this issue and look forward to collaborating with you on this article in the future. --Ori.livneh (talk) 03:05, 18 May 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Richard Myers/Archive 1


text:
Primary care

Primary care is a model of care that supports first-contact, accessible, continuous, comprehensive and coordinated person-focused care. It aims to optimise population health and reduce disparities across the population by ensuring that subgroups have equal access to services.

Primary care is the day-to-day healthcare given by a health care provider. Typically this provider acts as the first contact and principal point of continuing care for patients within a healthcare system, and coordinates other care the patient may need. Patients commonly receive primary care from professionals such as a primary care physician (general practitioner or family physician), a physician assistant, a physical therapist, or a nurse practitioner. In some localities, such a professional may be a registered nurse, a pharmacist, a clinical officer (as in parts of Africa), or an Ayurvedic or other traditional medicine professional (as in parts of Asia). Depending on the nature of the health condition, patients may then be referred for secondary or tertiary care.

Background
The World Health Organization attributes the provision of essential primary care as an integral component of an inclusive primary healthcare strategy. Primary care involves the widest scope of healthcare, including all ages of patients, patients of all socioeconomic and geographic origins, patients seeking to maintain optimal health, and patients with all manner of acute and chronic physical, mental and social health issues, including multiple chronic diseases. Consequently, a primary care practitioner must possess a wide breadth of knowledge in many areas. Continuity is a key characteristic of primary care, as patients usually prefer to consult the same practitioner for routine check-ups and preventive care, health education, and every time they require an initial consultation about a new health problem. Collaboration among providers is a desirable characteristic of primary care.

The International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC) is a standardized tool for understanding and analyzing information on interventions in primary care by the reason for the patient visit. Common chronic illnesses usually treated in primary care may include, for example: hypertension, angina, diabetes, asthma, COPD, depression and anxiety, back pain, arthritis or thyroid dysfunction. Primary care also includes many basic maternal and child health care services, such as family planning services and vaccinations.

In context of global population ageing, with increasing numbers of older adults at greater risk of chronic non-communicable diseases, rapidly increasing demand for primary care services is expected around the world, in both developed and developing countries.

Funding for primary care varies a great deal between different countries: general taxation, national insurance systems, private insurance and direct payment by patients are all used, sometimes in combination. The payment system for primary care physicians also varies. Some are paid by fee-for-service and some by capitation for a list of registered patients.

Canada
In Canada, access to primary and other healthcare services is guaranteed for all citizens through the Canada Health Act.

Hong Kong
The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government's 2016 Policy Address recommended strengthening the development of primary care and establishing an electronic database of the "Primary Care Guide" to facilitate public consultation. The Department of Health developed reference profiles for preventive care for some chronic diseases.

In 2017, the policy address recommended the establishment of a primary health care development steering committee to comprehensively review the planning of primary health care services and provide community medical services through regional medical and social cooperation.

The 2018 policy address proposed the establishment of the first district health centre and promoted the establishment of district centre in other districts.

The Hong Kong Food and Health Bureau established the Primary Healthcare Office on March 1, 2019, to monitor and supervise the development of primary health care services. In the process of developing the district health centers, regional health stations will be set up in various districts as transitional units offering the public with primary care services.

Nigeria
In Nigeria, healthcare is a concurrent responsibility of three tiers of government. Local governments focus on the delivery of primary care (e.g. through a system of dispensaries), state governments manage the various general hospitals (secondary care), while the federal government's role is mostly limited to coordinating the affairs of the Federal Medical Centres and university teaching hospitals (tertiary care).general medical

Poland
Basic Primary care, (Podstawowa Opieka Zdrowotna, POZ) is a basic, common element of the health care system in Poland.

The basic health care unit (formerly: health care facility) is a medical entity that provides comprehensive care for people who have declared their willingness to use the services of a family doctor or another doctor who has the right to create an active list of patients. This means treatment and prevention of diseases, rehabilitation, as well as adjudication on the state of health. For a health care center to become a primary care provider, it must also provide care for its health visitor and midwife.

Since 2007, only General Practitioners, doctors undergoing specialization in family medicine, and doctors who have previously acquired the right to create an active list due to seniority in POZ before 2007 can be doctors creating active primary care lists. The currently pending proposals of the Ministry of Health, granting the right to create an active list to internists and pediatricians without experience of working in primary care, met with severe criticism of all family medicine organizations.

In organizational terms, POZ can act as:
 * non-public healthcare facility (NZOZ) - private company
 * independent public health care institution (SPZOZ) - a state unit or subordinate to local government
 * individual medical practice - private medical or nursing practice
 * group medical practice - a group of private medical or nursing practices
 * group / individual practice of community and family nurses
 * group / individual practice of community midwives.

The Act of October 27, 2017 on basic health care (Journal of Laws of 2020, item 172) has been in force since 2017.

POZ clinics are independent companies (except SPZOZ), however, the services they provide are free for insured persons when POZ has a contract with the National Health Fund.

Russia
Primary health care (Первичная медико-санитарная помощь) in the Russian Federation is free (as part of territorial compulsory health insurance programs).

Primary health care includes measures for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment of diseases and conditions, medical rehabilitation, monitoring the course of pregnancy, the formation of a healthy lifestyle, including reducing the level of risk factors for diseases, and sanitary and hygienic education. Primary health care is provided to citizens on an outpatient basis and in an inpatient setting, in planned and emergency forms.

Types of primary health care:
 * primary pre-medical health care
 * primary medical care
 * primary specialized health care
 * Primary pre-medical health care is provided by paramedics, obstetricians and other medical workers with secondary medical education.

Primary medical health care is provided by general practitioners, district general practitioners, pediatricians, district general pediatricians and general practitioners (family doctors). Primary specialized health care is provided by specialist doctors, including medical specialists from medical organizations that provide specialized, including high-tech, medical care.

United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, patients can access primary care services through their local general practice, community pharmacy, optometrist, dental surgery and community hearing care providers. Services are generally provided free-at-the-point-contact through the National Health Service. In the UK, unlike many other countries, patients do not normally have direct access to hospital consultants and the GP controls access to secondary care. This practice is referred to as "gatekeeping"; the future of this role has been questioned by researchers who conclude "Gatekeeping policies should be revisited to accommodate the government's aim to modernise the NHS in terms of giving patients more choice and facilitate more collaborative work between GPs and specialists. At the same time, any relaxation of gatekeeping should be carefully evaluated to ensure the clinical and non-clinical benefits outweigh the costs".

United States
As of 2012, there were about six primary care professional societies in the United States, including American College of Physicians, American Academy of Family Physicians, the Society of General Internal Medicine, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Osteopathic Association, and the American Geriatrics Society.

A 2009 report by the New England Healthcare Institute determined that increased demand for primary care by older, sicker patients and decreased supply of primary care practitioners has led to a crisis in primary care delivery. The research identified a set of innovations that could enhance the quality, efficiency, and effectiveness of primary care in the United States.

On March 23, 2010, President Obama signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) into law. The law is estimated to have expanded health insurance coverage by 20 million people by early 2016 and is expected to expand health care to 34 million people by 2021. The success of the expansion of health insurance under the ACA in large measure depends on the availability of primary care physicians. The ACA has drastically exacerbated the projected deficit of primary care physicians needed to ensure care for insured Americans. According to the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), without the ACA, the United States would have been short roughly 64,000 physicians by 2020; with the implementation of the ACA, it will be 91,000 physicians short. According to the AAMC's November 2009 physician work force report, nationally, the rate of physicians providing primary care is 79.4 physicians per 100,000 residents.

Primary healthcare results in better health outcomes, reduced health disparities, and lower spending, including on avoidable emergency department visits and hospital care. That said, primary care physicians are an important component in ensuring that the healthcare system as a whole is sustainable. However, despite their importance to the healthcare system, the primary care position has suffered in terms of its prestige in part due to the differences in salary compared to doctors that decide to specialize. A 2010 national study of physician wages conducted by the UC Davis Health System found that specialists are paid as much as 52 percent more than primary care physicians, even though primary care physicians see far more patients.

In 2005, primary care physicians earned $60.48 per hour; specialists, on average earned $88.34. A follow-up study conducted by the UC Davis Health System found that earnings throughout the careers of primary care physicians averaged as much as $2.8 million less than the earnings of their specialist colleagues. This discrepancy in pay has potentially made primary care a less attractive choice for medical school graduates. In 2015, almost 19,000 doctors graduated from American medical schools, and only 7 percent of graduates chose a career in primary care. The average age of a primary care physician in the United States is 47 years old, and one-quarter of all primary care physicians are nearing retirement. Fifty years ago, roughly half of the physicians in America practiced primary care; today, fewer than one-third of them do.

Projections show that by the year 2033, the population of individuals 65 and older will increase by 45.1%, creating a demand for primary care physicians that is greater than the supply.

The medical home model is intended to help coordinate care with the primary care provider at the center of the patient's healthcare.

Strategies to address the primary care shortage
The Patient Protection Affordable Care Act contains several provisions to increase primary care capacity. These provisions are directed towards medical school graduates and include payment reform, student loan forgiveness programs, and increased primary care residency positions The PPACA also provides funding and mandates to increase the role of mid-level practitioners like physician assistants and nurse practitioners to enhance the primary care workforce. The PPACA is projected to increase patient demand for primary care services. By adopting new patient care delivery models that include physicians working in tandem with physician assistants and nurse practitioners, the demand for future primary care services could be met. Consumer surveys have found the American public to be open to a greater role for physician extenders in the primary care setting. Policies and laws, primarily at the state level, would need to redefine and reallocate the roles and responsibilities for non-physician licensed providers to optimize these new models of care.

According to a FAIR Health analysis, 29 percent of patients who received medical care in the US between 2016 and 2022 did not see a primary care doctor.

Involving older patients
There is currently limited evidence to form a robust conclusion that involving older patients with multiple long-term conditions in decision-making during primary care consultations has benefits. Examples of patient involvement in decision-making about their health care include patient workshops and coaching, individual patient coaching. Further research in this developing area is needed.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Primary care


text:
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text:
David Wheeler (computer scientist)

David John Wheeler (9 February 1927 – 13 December 2004)   was a computer scientist and professor of computer science at the University of Cambridge.

Education
Wheeler was born in Birmingham, England, the second of the three children of (Agnes) Marjorie, née Gudgeon, and Arthur Wheeler, a press tool maker, engineer, and proprietor of a small shopfitting firm. He was educated at a local primary school in Birmingham and then went on to King Edward VI Camp Hill School after winning a scholarship in 1938. His education was disrupted by World War II, and he completed his sixth form studies at Hanley High School. In 1945 he gained a scholarship to study the Cambridge Mathematical Tripos at Trinity College, Cambridge, graduating in 1948. He was awarded the world's first PhD in computer science in 1951.

Career
Wheeler's contributions to the field included work on the Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator (EDSAC) in the 1950s and the Burrows–Wheeler transform (published 1994). Along with Maurice Wilkes and Stanley Gill, he is credited with the invention around 1951 of the subroutine (which they referred to as the closed subroutine), and gave the first explanation of how to design software libraries; as a result, the jump to subroutine instruction was often called a Wheeler Jump. Wilkes published a paper in 1953 discussing relative addressing to facilitate the use of subroutines. (However, Turing had discussed subroutines in a paper of 1945 on design proposals for the NPL ACE, going so far as to invent the concept of a return address stack. )

He was responsible for the implementation of the CAP computer, the first to be based on security capabilities. In cryptography, he was the designer of WAKE and the co-designer of the TEA and XTEA encryption algorithms together with Roger Needham. In 1950, with Maurice Wilkes, he used EDSAC to solve a differential equation relating to gene frequencies in a paper by Ronald Fisher. This represents the first use of a computer for a problem in the field of biology.

He became a Fellow of Darwin College, Cambridge in 1964 and formally retired in 1994, although he continued to be an active member of the University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory until his death.

Personal life
On 24 August 1957 Wheeler married astrophysics research student Joyce Margaret Blackler, who had used EDSAC for her own mathematical investigations as a research student from 1955. Together they had two daughters and a son.

Wheeler died of a heart attack on 13 December 2004 while cycling home from the Computer Laboratory.

Recognition and legacy
Wheeler:
 * In 1981 was elected a fellow of the Royal Society
 * In 1985 received a Computer Pioneer Award for his contributions to assembly language programming
 * In 1994 was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery
 * In 2003 was named a Computer History Museum Fellow Award recipient "for his invention of the closed subroutine, and for his architectural contributions to ILLIAC, the Cambridge Ring, and computer testing"

The Computer Laboratory at the University of Cambridge annually holds the "Wheeler Lecture", a series of distinguished lectures named after him.

Quotes
Wheeler is often quoted as saying "All problems in computer science can be solved by another level of indirection." or "All problems in computer science can be solved by another level of indirection, except for the problem of too many layers of indirection." This has been called the fundamental theorem of software engineering.

Another quotation attributed to him is "Compatibility means deliberately repeating other people's mistakes."

title: David Wheeler (computer scientist)


text:
User:Sj/questionsofdata

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title: User:Sj/questionsofdata


text:
International Tennis Hall of Fame

The International Tennis Hall of Fame is located in Newport, Rhode Island, United States. It honors both players and other contributors to the sport of tennis. The complex, the former Newport Casino, includes a museum, 13 grass tennis courts, an indoor tennis facility with three courts, three outdoor hard courts, one green clay court, a court tennis facility, and a theatre. The International Tennis Hall of Fame is a non-profit organization with the goal of preserving, celebrating, and inspiring the sport of tennis around the world.

History
The hall of fame and museum are located in the Newport Casino, which was commissioned in 1879 by James Gordon Bennett Jr. as part of an exclusive resort for wealthy Newport summer residents. It was designed by Charles McKim along with Stanford White, who did the interiors. It is an example of Victorian Shingle Style architecture. In 1881, the Real Tennis Court (housing the National Tennis Club) and the Casino Theatre were constructed at the east end of the campus. The club was opened on July 1, 1880, after a six-month construction period and quickly became a fashionable venue for Newport summer residents.

The United States Lawn Tennis Association held its first championships at the Newport Casino in 1881. The event was held annually through 1914, by which time tennis had become the key attraction at the resort. The championship was suspended during World War I.

But by the 1950s, the retreat was struggling financially, as tourism preferences changed. It was at risk of being demolished for redevelopment of modern retail space, but the building was purchased and saved by Jimmy and Candy Van Alen, wealthy Newport summer residents. A sportsman himself, in 1954, Jimmy Van Alen established the National Tennis Hall of Fame and Museum in the Casino. The combination of tennis matches and the museum allowed the building to be saved. Van Alen intended the facility to be "a shrine to the ideals of the game", and was elected president of the hall in 1957. The International Tennis Hall of Fame was officially sanctioned by the United States Tennis Association at its foundation in 1954. In 1975, with the induction of England's Fred Perry, the organization officially became the International Tennis Hall of Fame. It was recognized by the International Tennis Federation in 1986. The first Hall of Fame members were inducted in 1955; as of 2023, a total of 262 inductees from 27 countries have been recognized.

In 2015, Martina Hingis was appointed as the first Global Ambassador for the International Tennis Hall of Fame. In 2016, Guga Kuerten was appointed a Global Ambassador, and in 2017 Michael Chang was appointed a Global Ambassador.

The current Board of Governors includes former professional tennis players Kim Clijsters (Honorary President), Patrick McEnroe (President), Gigi Fernández, Katrina Adams, and Vijay Amritraj.

Museum
The museum chronicles the history of the sport from the 12th century through the modern day. The museum's permanent collection contains approximately 30,000 objects, including modern and historic tennis equipment, fine art, decorative arts, artifacts from Hall of Famers and other significant figures within the sport, trophies, textiles and clothing, ephemera, and furnishings. The mseum's Information Research Center (IRC) houses 5,000 books, 3,000+ audio-visual materials, 1 million plus photographic images, and a comprehensive collection of magazines, programs, periodicals, blueprints and archival materials. The collection is displayed year-round in the museum's 13000 sqft of exhibit space. The museum also offers several digital exhibits.

The museum reopened in May 2015 following a nearly complete renovation of its exhibition spaces. The redesigned and reinterpreted galleries encompass more than 12,000 square feet of interactive exhibits, videos, and approximately 2,000 artifacts related to tennis' history and champions past and present.

The museum was initially accredited by the American Alliance of Museums in 2013, and subsequently reaccredited in 2022.

The museum became a Smithsonian Affiliate in 2017.

The museum is also a partner of the Google Arts & Culture initiative.

Awards
For a description of each award and a list of its recipients, see footnote
 * Chairman's Award
 * Davis Cup Award of Excellence
 * Eugene L. Scott Award
 * Fed Cup Award of Excellence
 * Golden Achievement Award
 * Joseph F. Cullman 3rd Award
 * Samuel Hardy Award
 * Tennis Educational Merit Award

Infosys Hall of Fame Open
The Hall of Fame hosts several tournaments, including the Infosys Hall of Fame Open in July. The Infosys Hall of Fame Open is a part of the US Open Series, as well as being part of the men's ATP World Tour, the tournament is the only grass court event in North America. Top male players come to Newport directly from Wimbledon to compete for the Van Alen Cup at the International Tennis Hall of Fame. Past champions include Americans John Isner (4× Hall of Fame Open Champion) and Mardy Fish, two-time champion Fabrice Santoro of France, and Australia's Lleyton Hewitt. During the tournament, Tennis Hall of Famers are officially inducted in front of family, friends, fans, and fellow members of the Tennis Hall of Fame.

Members
Being inducted into the Tennis Hall of Fame is the ultimate honor in tennis. It represents the sum of one's achievements and contributions as being among the most important and transformative in tennis history. There is a seven-step process to be inducted into the Tennis Hall of Fame. A player or contributor must be nominated to be inducted, and then the national enshrinement committee reviews their eligibility. Once it is decided if they are eligible, the committee reviews if the nominee will be considered by voters. After review, the voting begins; both group and fan voting takes place. A nominee must receive at least 75% from the Official Voting Group result or a combined total of 75% or more from the Official Voting Group result and any bonus percentage points they earn through the Fan Vote. Votes are tallied by an independent accounting firm. The class induction is announced in January, and the new class is inducted into the Tennis Hall of Fame in July at the International Tennis Hall of Fame.

 * For further details, see footnote
 * For a list of inductees—alphabetically, by country, and by year of induction—see footnote
 * Note: Inductees are listed below in two categories (Player category and Contributor category).''

Player category
{{legend|#ffebcd|Men's player}} {{legend|#afeeee|Women's player}}

*note - Bob Hewitt of South Africa was inducted into the Tennis Hall of Fame in 1992, but he was suspended indefinitely in 2012 and expelled from the Hall in 2016 after being convicted of child sexual offences.

title: International Tennis Hall of Fame


text:
Got Milk?

Got Milk? (often stylized as got milk?) is an American advertising campaign on television and YouTube encouraging the consumption of milk and dairy products. Created by the advertising agency Goodby Silverstein & Partners for the California Milk Processor Board in 1993, it was later licensed for use by milk processors and dairy farmers. It was launched in 1993 by the "Aaron Burr" television commercial, directed by Michael Bay. The national campaign, run by MilkPEP (Milk Processor Education Program) began to add the "got milk?" logo to its "Milk Mustache" ads in 1995.

In January 2014, MilkPEP discontinued its Milk Mustache and "got milk?" advertisements, launching a new campaign with the tagline "Milk Life". The campaign continued in California and the "got milk?" trademark is licensed to food and merchandise companies for U.S. and international sales. The campaign has led to increased milk sales in California, although not nationwide.

History
The initial Got Milk? phrase was created by the American advertising agency Goodby Silverstein & Partners. In an interview in Art & Copy, a 2009 documentary that focused on the origins of famous advertising slogans, Jeff Goodby and Rich Silverstein said that the phrase almost didn't turn into an advertising campaign. According to The New York Times, people at Goodby Silverstein "thought it was lazy, not to mention grammatically incorrect".

The advertisements would typically feature people in various situations involving dry or sticky foods and treats such as cakes and cookies. The people then would find themselves in an uncomfortable situation due to a full mouth and no milk to wash it down. These include a commercial of a cruel businessman getting hit by a truck seconds after insulting someone over the phone and seemingly going to Heaven, only to find out it is actually Hell where he finds a huge plate of cookies and an endless supply of completely empty milk cartons; as well as a commercial of an airplane pilot intentionally putting his plane into a dangerously steep nosedive in order to obtain a bottle of milk from a flight attendant's cart out of his reach, only for the cart to crash into a man who gets out of the bathroom right in front of the cart and the bottle to tip over. At the end of the commercial, the character would look directly to the camera sadly and then boldly displayed would be the words "Got Milk?" The print advertisements would feature food such as a sandwich, cookies, or cupcakes with a bite taken out of them or cats, and children demanding milk.

The first Got Milk? advertisement aired nationwide on October 29, 1993, which featured a historian (played by Sean Whalen) receiving a call to answer a radio station's $10,000 trivia question (voiced by Rob Paulsen), "Who shot Alexander Hamilton in that famous duel?" (referring to the Burr–Hamilton duel). The man is shown to have an entire museum solely for the duel itself, packed with all the artifacts. He answers the question correctly by saying "Aaron Burr", but because his mouth is full of peanut butter sandwich and he does not have milk to wash it down, his answer is unintelligible. The DJ promptly hangs up on him, as he whimpers the answer one last time to show his displeasure on having missed out on the prize. The ad, directed by Michael Bay, was at the top of the advertising industry's award circuit in 1994. In 2002, the ad was named one of the ten best commercials of all time by a USA Today poll and was run again nationwide that same year.

The slogan "Got Milk?" was licensed to the National Milk Processor Education Program (MilkPEP) in 1995 to use on its print ads, which, since then, have included celebrities like Britney Spears, Beyoncé, Rihanna, Serena Williams, and Venus Williams, as well as fictional characters from TV, video games, and films such as the Avengers, the Simpsons, Batman, Mario, the Powerpuff Girls, and SpongeBob SquarePants posing in print advertisements sporting a "milk mustache" and employing the slogan "Where's your mustache?" The milk mustache campaign was created by art director Bernie Hogya and copywriter Jennifer Gold. The milk mustache campaign promoting the Super Bowl has also been featured in USA Today; the Friday edition featured one player from each Super Bowl team to the player from the winning team in Monday's edition. It was not featured in 2014 since the advertising focus that year was on the "Protein Fight Club" campaign, which promoted the importance of eating breakfast with milk, and the "Refuel: Got Chocolate Milk" campaign.

Former California Governor Gray Davis expressed his dislike for one commercial and asked if there was a way to remove it from the air. It featured two children who refuse to drink milk, because they believe milk is for babies. They tell their mother that their elderly next-door neighbor, Mr. Miller, never drinks milk. They see him going to use his wheelbarrow when suddenly his arms rip off because, having not consumed milk, his bones are weak and fragile. The children scream in horror and then frighteningly start imbibing every last drop of milk they have.

From 1994 to 2005, ads appeared in California directed at Hispanic consumers, using the tagline "Familia, Amor y Leche" ("Family, Love and Milk"), created by Anita Santiago Advertising. In 2005, the Spanish-language campaign was awarded to ad agency Grupo Gallegos, which changed the tagline to “toma leche”, or “drink milk”.

According to the Got Milk? website, the campaign has over 90% awareness in the United States, and the tagline has been licensed to dairy boards across the nation since 1995. Got Milk? is a powerful property and has been licensed on a range of consumer goods, including Barbie dolls, Hot Wheels, baby and teen apparel, and kitchenware. The trademarked line has been widely parodied by groups championing a variety of causes. Many of these parodies use a lookalike rather than the actual persons used in the original Got Milk? advertisements. In 2005, the California Milk Processor Board created a "Got Ripped Off?" poster showcasing its top 100 favorite parodies of the slogan.

The voice saying "Got Milk?" in most of the nationwide television commercials is that of American voiceover actor Denny Delk. Other narrators have occasionally been used.

In February 2014, MilkPEP announced that it would discontinue licensing the slogan for its advertising in favor of a new tagline, "Milk Life". Despite this, the California Milk Processor Board (the creators and owners of the trademark) continue to use it.

In 2020, MilkPEP revived the campaign in light of increased sales during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Parodies and references
The slogan is a snowclone, having appeared in numerous alternative versions on T-shirts and in other advertisements. By 2007, the slogan had become an international icon, and the phrase has been parodied more than any other ad slogan.
 * In the Friends episode "The One with the Mugging", Monica points out that Ross was not the originator of the "Got Milk?" advertisement.
 * In the Johnny Bravo episode "Cookie Crisis", when Johnny realizes that he accidentally bought a million and two boxes of cookies, he turns over to the viewer and asks "Got milk?"
 * The Sonic Adventure 2 level Radical Highway features a blimp in the level that reads "got ring?"; this Easter egg was carried over into the Nintendo 3DS version of Sonic Generations, which also features Radical Highway.
 * For the most part, the California Milk Processor Board has ignored the alternative uses, although in 2007, it threatened a lawsuit against PETA for its anti-dairy campaign "Got Pus?", which began in 2002.
 * In a 1997 episode of Frasier called "Three dates and a breakup" when the character Roz has a milk moustache Frasier says the phrase "Well, here's a hint: Got Milk?" to tell her about it.
 * In 2002, a Washington state resident applied for a vanity plate reading "GOTMILF". This plate was approved, but was later canceled after complaints were filed against it.
 * In 2004, the slogan was imitated by artist David Rosen, with the popular political design "Got Democracy?" in reaction to the Iraq War.
 * In Garfield: The Movie, Garfield asked the question "Got Milk?" after drinking a whole bottle of milk.
 * In the 2000 film Nutty Professor II: The Klumps, after Buddy Love unknowingly consumes a formula made by Sherman Klump and age regresses into an infantile state, he tries to escape and lands in a female secretary's breasts (played by February 1998 Playboy Playmate Julia Schultz). While looking at her breast cleavage he quotes the phrase "got milk".
 * In the Daria episode "Psycho Therapy", Jake Morgendorffer, when his efforts to get a glass of milk are thwarted by his wife Helen, roars, "Got milk? Not Jakey! Dammit!"
 * In the Season 1 episode "It's Hokey Mon!" of The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy, Mandy creates her own monster that turns the other monsters into toast; at the end of the episode, Mandy's monster is eating toast in bed and asks her, "Got milk?"
 * On an episode of The Nanny, Fran pretends to be upset at a joke CC made at her expense, waiting for her to leave room before breaking the fourth wall, looking at the audience and saying "Got guilt?"
 * In the Rick and Morty episode "M. Night Shaym-Aliens!", Jerry Smith pitches an advertising campaign "Hungry for apples?", inspired by "Got Milk?", which gets him fired.
 * In 2015, the YouTube page for the musical Hamilton uploaded a parody of the "Who shot Alexander Hamilton?" advertisement in which the man eating a peanut butter sandwich is played by Leslie Odom Jr., who played Aaron Burr in the original Broadway cast of the show. The video ends with the classic slogan on a black screen, parodied to read "got hamilton?"
 * In 2016, singer Fergie released the music video for her song "M.I.L.F. $", which includes various models parodying the got milk? advertisements but instead with "got milf?"
 * In January 2023, Martha Stewart appeared in a commercial promoting Pfizer's COVID-19 booster shot that ends with the tagline "got booster?"
 * On the 2023 television series Twisted Metal, postapocalyptic delivery drivers known as Milkmen use "got milk?" bumper stickers on their vehicles.
 * The name of drag performer Gottmik, who appeared on season 13 of RuPaul's Drag Race, is pronounced like the slogan.
 * Metallica vocalist and rhythm guitarist James Hetfield has a guitar with the words, "got riff?" on it.

title: Got Milk?


text:
Talk:Lists of tennis players

Comments
I know the International Tennis Hall of Fame is a particular institution within tennis, but the article that was created there (and deleted twice) was not a good description. Currently it redirects here, but if someone would like to create a good article on that page I think we'd all be grateful... Graham :) | Talk 10:24, 17 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * I don't understand why the link the Hall of Fame is redirected here -- it shouldn't be! If I can figure out how to do it, I will correct this.Hayford Peirce 19:31, 2 Jul 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lists of tennis players


text:
Breech birth

A breech birth is when a baby is born bottom first instead of head first, as is normal. Around 3–5% of pregnant women at term (37–40 weeks pregnant) have a breech baby. Due to their higher than average rate of possible complications for the baby, breech births are generally considered higher risk. Breech births also occur in many other mammals such as dogs and horses, see veterinary obstetrics.

Most babies in the breech position are delivered via caesarean section because it is seen as safer than being born vaginally. Doctors and midwives in the developing world often lack many of the skills required to safely assist women giving birth to a breech baby vaginally. Also, delivering all breech babies by caesarean section in developing countries is difficult to implement as there are not always resources available to provide this service.

Cause
With regard to the fetal presentation during pregnancy, three periods have been distinguished.

During the first period, which lasts until the 24th gestational week, the incidence of a longitudinal lie increases, with equal proportions of breech or cephalic presentations from this lie. This period is characterized by frequent changes of presentations. The fetuses in breech presentation during this period have the same probability for breech and cephalic presentation at delivery.

During the second period, lasting from the 25th to the 35th gestational week, the incidence of cephalic presentation increases, with a proportional decrease of breech presentation. The second period is characterized by a higher than random probability that the fetal presentation during this period will also be present at the time of delivery. The increase of this probability is gradual and identical for breech and cephalic presentations during this period.

In the third period, from the 36th gestational week onward, the incidence of cephalic and breech presentations remain stable, i.e. breech presentation around 3–4% and cephalic presentation approximately 95%. In the general population, incidence of breech presentation at preterm corresponds to the incidence of breech presentation when birth occurs.

A breech presentation at delivery occurs when the fetus does not turn to a cephalic presentation. This failure to change presentation can result from endogenous and exogenous factors. Endogenous factors involve fetal inability to adequately move, whereas exogenous factors refer to insufficient intrauterine space available for fetal movements.

The incidence of breech presentation is affected by both maternal and fetal diseases and medical conditions. When these factors are present, the probability of breech presentation is between 4% and 50%.

Rates in various medical conditions

 * Fetal entities:
 * First twin 17–30%
 * Second twin 28–39%
 * Stillborn 26%
 * Prader–Willi syndrome 50%, Werdnig–Hoffman syndrome 10%
 * Smith–Lemli–Opitz syndrome 40%
 * Fetal alcohol syndrome 40%
 * Potter anomaly 36%
 * Zellweger syndrome 27%
 * Myotonic dystrophy 21%, 13 trisomy syndrome 12%
 * 18 trisomy syndrome 43%
 * 21 trisomy syndrome 5%
 * de Lange syndrome 10%
 * Anencephalus 6–18%, Spina bifida 20–30%
 * Congenital hydrocephalus 24–37%
 * Osteogenesis imperfecta 33.3%
 * Amyoplasia 33.3%
 * Achondrogenesis 33.3%
 * Amelia 50%
 * Craniosynostosis 8%
 * Sacral agenesis 30.4%
 * Arthrogriposis multiplex congenita 33.3%
 * Congenital dislocation of the hip 33.3%
 * Hereditary sensory neuropathy type III 25%
 * Centronuclear myopathy 16.7%
 * Multiple pituitary hormone deficiency 50%
 * Isolated pituitary hormone deficiency 20%
 * Ectopic posterior pituitary gland 33.3%
 * Congenital bilateral perisilvian syndrome 33.3%
 * Symmetric fetal growth restriction 40%
 * Asymmetric fetal growth restriction 40%
 * Nonimmune hydrops fetalis 15%
 * Atresia ani 18.2%
 * Microcephalus 15.4%
 * Omphalocele 12.5%
 * Prematurity 40%
 * Placental and amniotic fluid entities:
 * Amniotic sheet perpendicular to the placenta 50%
 * Cornual–fundal implantation of the placenta 30%
 * Placenta previa 12.5%
 * Oligohydramnios 17%
 * Polyhydramnios 15.8%
 * Maternal entities:
 * Uterus arcuatus 22.6%
 * Uterus unicornuatus 33.3%
 * Uterus bicornuatus 34.8%
 * Uterus didelphys 30–41%
 * Uterus septus 45.8%
 * Leiomyoma uteri 9–20%
 * Spinal cord injury 10%
 * Carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy 17%
 * Combination of two medical entities:
 * First twin in uterus with two bodies 14.29%
 * Second twin in uterus with two bodies 18.52%.

Also, women with previous caesarean deliveries have a risk of breech presentation at term twice that of women with previous vaginal deliveries.

The highest possible probability of breech presentation of 50% indicates that breech presentation is a consequence of random filling of the intrauterine space, with the same probability of breech and cephalic presentation in a longitudinally elongated uterus.

Types
Types of breech depend on how the baby's legs are lying.

 * A frank breech (otherwise known as an extended breech) is where the baby's legs are up next to its abdomen, with its knees straight and its feet next to its ears. This is the most common type of breech.
 * A complete breech (or flexed breech) is when the baby appears as though it is sitting crossed-legged with its legs bent at the hips and knees.
 * A footling breech is when one or both of the baby's feet are born first instead of the pelvis. This is more common in babies born prematurely or before their due date.
 * A kneeling breech is when the baby is born knees first.

In addition to the above, breech births in which the sacrum is the fetal denominator can be classified by the position of a fetus. Thus sacro-anterior, sacro-transverse and sacro-posterior positions all exist but left sacro-anterior is the most common presentation. Sacro-anterior indicates an easier delivery compared to other forms.

Complications
Umbilical cord prolapse may occur, particularly in the complete, footling, or kneeling breech. This is caused by the lowermost parts of the baby not completely filling the space of the dilated cervix. When the waters break the amniotic sac, it is possible for the umbilical cord to drop down and become compressed. This complication severely diminishes oxygen flow to the baby, so the baby needs to be delivered immediately so that he or she can breathe. In these circumstances a caesarean section is likely to be recommended. If there is a delay in delivery, the brain can be damaged. Among full-term, head-down babies, cord prolapse is quite rare, occurring in 0.4 percent. Among frank breech babies the incidence is 0.5 percent, among complete breeches 5 percent, and among footling breeches 15 percent.

Head entrapment is caused by the failure of the fetal head to negotiate the maternal midpelvis. At full term, the fetal bitrochanteric diameter (the distance between the outer points of the hips) is about the same as the biparietal diameter (the transverse diameter of the skull)—in simplest terms, the size of the hips is the same as the size of the head. The relatively larger buttocks dilate the cervix as effectively as the head does in the typical head-down presentation. In contrast, the relative head size of a preterm baby is greater than the fetal buttocks. If the baby is preterm, it may be possible for the baby's body to emerge while the cervix has not dilated enough for the head to emerge.

Because the umbilical cord—the baby's oxygen supply—is significantly compressed while the head is in the pelvis during a breech birth, it is important that the delivery of the aftercoming fetal head not be delayed. If the arm is extended alongside the head, delivery will not occur. If this occurs, the Løvset manoeuvre may be employed, or the arm may be manually brought to a position in front of the chest. The Løvset manoeuvre involves rotating the fetal body by holding the fetal pelvis. Twisting the body such that an arm trails behind the shoulder, it will tend to cross down over the face to a position where it can be reached by the obstetrician's finger, and brought to a position below the head. A similar rotation in the opposite direction is made to deliver the other arm. In order to present the smallest diameter (9.5 cm) to the pelvis, the baby's head must be flexed (chin to chest). If the head is in a deflexed position, the risk of entrapment is increased. Uterine contractions and maternal muscle tone encourage the head to flex.

Oxygen deprivation may occur from either cord prolapse or prolonged compression of the cord during birth, as in head entrapment. If oxygen deprivation is prolonged, it may cause permanent neurological damage (for instance, cerebral palsy) or death. It has been suggested that a fast vaginal delivery would mean the risk of stopping baby's oxygen supply is reduced. However, there is not enough research to show this and a quick delivery might cause more harm to the baby than a conservative approach to the birth.

Injury to the brain and skull may occur due to the rapid passage of the baby's head through the mother's pelvis. This causes rapid decompression of the baby's head. In contrast, a baby going through labor in the head-down position usually experiences gradual molding (temporary reshaping of the skull) over the course of a few hours. This sudden compression and decompression in breech birth may cause no problems at all, but it can injure the brain. This injury is more likely in preterm babies. The fetal head may be controlled by a special two-handed grip called the Mauriceau–Smellie–Veit maneuver or the elective application of forceps. This will be of value in controlling the rate of delivery of the head and reducing decompression. Related to potential head trauma, researchers have identified a relationship between breech birth and autism.

Squeezing the baby's abdomen can damage internal organs. Positioning the baby incorrectly while using forceps to deliver the after coming head can damage the spine or spinal cord. It is important for the birth attendant to be knowledgeable, skilled, and experienced with all variations of breech birth.

Factors influencing safety

 * Birth attendant's skill (and experience with breech birth) – The skill of the doctor or midwife and the number of breech births previously assisted is of crucial importance. Many of the dangers in vaginal birth for breech babies come from mistakes made by birth attendants. With the majority of breech babies being delivered by cesarean section, there is more risk that birth attendants will lose their skills in delivering breech babies and therefore increase the risk of harm to the baby during vaginal delivery.
 * Type of breech presentation – the frank breech has the most favorable outcomes in a vaginal birth, with many studies suggesting no difference in outcome compared to head-down babies. (Some studies, however, find that planned caesarean sections for all breech babies improve outcome. The difference may rest in part on the skill of the doctors who delivered babies in different studies.) Complete breech presentation is the next most favorable position, but these babies sometimes shift and become footling breeches during labour.  Footling and kneeling breeches have a higher risk of cord prolapse and head entrapment.
 * Parity – Parity refers to the number of times a woman has given birth before. If a woman has given birth vaginally, her pelvis has "proven" it is big enough to allow a baby of that baby's size to pass through it. However, a head-down baby's head often molds (shifts its shape to fit the maternal pelvis) and so may present a smaller diameter than the same-size baby born breech.
 * Fetal size in relation to maternal pelvic size – If the mother's pelvis is roomy and the baby is not large, this is favorable for vaginal breech delivery. However, prenatal estimates of the size of the baby and the size of the pelvis are unreliable.
 * Hyperextension of the fetal head – this can be evaluated with ultrasound. Less than 5% of breech babies have their heads in the "star-gazing" position, the face looking straight upwards and the back of the head resting against the back of the neck. Caesarean delivery is absolutely necessary because vaginal birth with the baby's head in this position confers a high risk of spinal cord trauma and death.
 * Maturity of the baby – Premature babies appear to be at higher risk of complications if delivered vaginally than if delivered by caesarean section.
 * Progress of labor – A spontaneous, normally progressing, straightforward labor requiring no intervention is a favorable sign.
 * Second twins – If a first twin is born head down and the second twin is breech, the chances are good that the second twin can have a safe breech birth.

Management
As in labour with a baby in a normal head-down position, uterine contractions typically occur at regular intervals and gradually the cervix begins to thin and open. In the more common breech presentations, the baby's bottom (rather than feet or knees) is what is first to descend through the maternal pelvis and emerge from the vagina.

At the beginning of labour, the baby is generally in an oblique position, facing either the right or left side. The baby's bottom is the same size in the term baby as the baby's head. Descent is thus as for the presenting fetal head and delay in descent is a cardinal sign of possible problems with the delivery of the head.

In order to begin the birth, a descent of the podalic pole along with compaction and internal rotation needs to occur. This happens when the mother's pelvic floor muscles cause the baby to turn so that it can be born with one hip directly in front of the other. At this point, the baby is facing one of the mother's inner thighs. Then, the shoulders follow the same path as the hips did. At this time the baby usually turns to face the mother's back. Next occurs external rotation, which is when the shoulders emerge as the baby's head enters the maternal pelvis. The combination of maternal muscle tone and uterine contractions causes the baby's head to flex, chin to chest. Then the back of the baby's head emerges and finally the face.

Due to the increased pressure during labour and birth, it is normal for the baby's leading hip to be bruised and genitalia to be swollen. Babies who assumed the frank breech position in utero may continue to hold their legs in this position for some days after birth.

Caesarean or vaginal delivery
When a baby is born bottom first there is more risk that the birth will not be straightforward and that the baby could be harmed. For example, when the baby's head passes through the mother's pelvis the umbilical cord can be compressed which prevents delivery of oxygenated blood to the baby. Due to this and other risks, babies in breech position are often born by a planned caesarean section in developed countries.

Caesarean section reduces the risk of harm or death for the baby if the baby is in breech position but does increase the risk of harm to the mother compared with a vaginal delivery. It is best if the baby is in a head-down position so that they can be born vaginally with less risk of harm to both mother and baby. The next section is looking at external cephalic version (ECV), which is a method that can help the baby turn from a breech position to a head-down position.

Vaginal birth of a breech baby has its risks but caesarean sections are not always available or possible, a mother might arrive in the hospital at a late stage of her labour or may choose not to have a caesarean section. In these cases, it is important that the clinical skills needed to deliver breech babies are not lost so that mothers and babies are as safe as possible. Compared with developed countries, planned caesarean sections have not produced as good results in developing countries – it is suggested that this is due to more breech vaginal deliveries being performed by experienced, skilled practitioners in these settings.

Twin breech
In twin pregnancies, it is very common for one or both babies to be in the breech position. Most often twin babies do not have the chance to turn around because they are born prematurely. If both babies are in the breech position and the mother has gone into labour early, a cesarean section may be the best option. About 30–40% of twin pregnancies result in only one baby being in the breech position. If this is the case, the babies can be born vaginally. After the first baby who is not in the breech position is delivered, the baby who is presented in the breech position may turn itself around, if this does not happen another procedure may performed called the breech extraction. The breech extraction is the procedure that involves the obstetrician grabbing the second twin's feet and pulling him/her into the birth canal. This will help with delivering the second twin vaginally. However, if the second twin is larger than the first, complications with delivering the second twin vaginally may arise and a cesarean section should be offered. At times, the first twin (the twin closest to the birth canal) can be in the breech position with the second twin being in the cephalic position (vertical). When this occurs, risks of complications are higher than normal. In particular, a serious complication is known as Locked twins. This is when both babies interlock their chins during labour. When this happens an urgent cesarean section is recommended.

Turning the baby
Turning the baby, technically known as external cephalic version (ECV), is when the baby is turned by gently pressing the mother's abdomen to push the baby from a bottom first position, to a head first position. In some circumstances, it may be necessary to press with more force. ECV does not always work, but it does improve the mother's chances of giving birth to her baby vaginally and avoiding a cesarean section. The World Health Organisation recommends that women should have a planned cesarean section only if an ECV has been tried and did not work.

Women who have an ECV when they are 36–40 weeks pregnant are more likely to have a vaginal delivery and less likely to have a cesarean section than those who do not have an ECV. Turning the baby before this time makes a head first birth more likely but ECV before the due date can increase the risk of early or premature birth which can cause problems to the baby.

There are treatments that can be used which might affect the success of an ECV. Drugs called beta-stimulant tocolytics help the woman's muscles to relax so that the pressure during the ECV does not have to be so great. Giving the woman these drugs before the ECV improves the chances of her having a vaginal delivery because the baby is more likely to turn and stay head down. Other treatments such as using sound, pain relief drugs such as epidural, increasing the fluid around the baby and increasing the amount of fluids to the woman before the ECV could all effect its success but there is not enough research to make this clear.

Turning techniques mothers can do at home are referred to as "spontaneous cephalic version" (SCV), this is when the baby can turn without any medical assistance. Some of these techniques include: a knee-to-chest position, the breech tilt, and moxibustion, these can be performed after the mother is 34 weeks pregnant. There is limited evidence that these techniques have any effect.

Notable cases

 * Chesa Boudin
 * Jordan Brady
 * Becky Garrison
 * Billy Joel
 * Jerry Lee Lewis
 * Bret Michaels
 * Nero
 * Tatum O'Neal
 * David Shields
 * Frank Sinatra
 * Wilhelm II, German Emperor
 * Pedro Zamora
 * Frank Zappa

title: Breech birth


text:
Talk:Rotation (disambiguation)

In aviation
I understand that "rotation" is a term with special significance to pilots - could someone add info on this?

 * Ok done

Rotation: anatomical rotation
I would like to see the definition for ananatomical rotation: rotation at a joint included here.

Rotation in Sports
Rotation can also describe the rotation of players on a sports team (ie soccer, cricket, etc). It usually occurs when a coach/team manager cycles through the playing roster, to prevent athletes from getting fatigues. But it seems quite controversial, because fans don't like to see star players be rested.

Anyone else think the use of rotation in sports deserves a mention here? Samatic 13:55, 21 December 2006 (UTC)

I just realised the Rotation article does mention sports, but only in regards to the physics of hitting a ball etc. What I wrote above could perhaps come under 'Rotation in Sports Management' Samatic 06:02, 23 December 2006 (UTC)

Rotation in office?
Rotation in office is fairly commonly written about and has a long history. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 108.28.145.174 (talk) 03:24, 21 December 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Rotation (disambiguation)