text:
Sean Elliott

Sean Michael Elliott (born February 2, 1968) is an American former professional basketball player who starred as a small forward in both the college and professional ranks. He attended the University of Arizona, where he had a standout career as a two-time All-American, winner of the 1989 John R. Wooden Award, the 1989 Adolph Rupp Trophy, the 1989 NABC Player of the Year, 1989 AP Player of the Year, and two time Pac-12 Player of the Year (in 1988–1989).

Elliott was the third pick of the 1989 NBA draft, was named to the 1990 NBA All-Rookie Second Team, was a two-time NBA All-Star, and earned an NBA championship in 1999. His No. 32 is retired by both the University of Arizona and the San Antonio Spurs.

Early life
Elliott was born in Tucson, Arizona, as the youngest of three boys. He attended the G.A.T.E. (Gifted and Talented Education) program at Tolson Elementary School there, then played basketball at Cholla High School (now Cholla High Magnet School) on the city's west side.

College
After graduating in 1985, he remained in Tucson to play college basketball at the University of Arizona. Under the tutelage of Lute Olson, Elliott was named Pac-10 Freshman of the Year. He was selected as a consensus all-American during his junior and senior years, and led the Wildcats to the Final Four in his junior year (1988). Elliott broke Lew Alcindor's (Kareem Abdul-Jabbar) all time Pac-10 career scoring record. After an exceptional senior season, Elliott won the Wooden Award. He is still the University of Arizona's all-time leading scorer. He played for the US national team in the 1986 FIBA World Championship, winning the gold medal.

San Antonio Spurs (1989–1993)
Elliott was drafted by the San Antonio Spurs as the third pick in the first round of the 1989 NBA draft. Elliot started in 69 of 81 games for the season and averaged 10 points a game. The Spurs made the playoffs where they swept the Denver Nuggets in the first round before falling to the eventual Western Conference Champion Portland Trail Blazers in 7 games.

In the following season, Elliott was moved to the permanent starting line-up and increased his scoring to 15.9 points a game. The Spurs won 55 games but lost in the first round of the playoffs to the Golden State Warriors in four games. Elliott averaged 16.3 points per game during the 1991–92 season but San Antonio were swept in the first round by the Phoenix Suns.

During the 1992–93 season, Elliott averaged 17.2 points per game, including a career-high 41 points against the Dallas Mavericks on December 18, 1992. He was named to play in the 1993 NBA All-Star Game alongside teammate David Robinson. In the playoffs, San Antonio defeated Portland 3 games to 1, before facing the number one seeded Suns in the conference semifinal. After losing the first two games in Phoenix, the Spurs responded with consecutive games at home, as Elliott scored 17 points in game 3 and 19 points in game 4. The Suns managed to wrap up the series in the next two games. Elliot averaged 15.8 points per game in the playoffs.

Detroit Pistons (1993–1994)
Elliott spent the 1993–94 season with the Detroit Pistons after being traded for Dennis Rodman in a multi-player deal. After Elliott struggled with the Pistons, the Pistons attempted to trade him to the eventual champion Houston Rockets in February 1994 in exchange for Robert Horry, Matt Bullard and two second-round draft choices; the trade fell through when Elliott failed his physical. After the trade was voided, Elliott held a press conference and announced that he had a kidney problem. Elliott remained in Detroit for the rest of the season and averaged 12.1 points per game. Following the end of the season, he was traded back to the Spurs for the draft rights of Bill Curley.

Return to San Antonio Spurs (1994–1998)
In the 1994–1995 season, the Spurs won 62 games under the leadership of Elliott and the season's NBA Most Valuable Player Robinson. The Spurs clinched the top seed in the Western Conference, and swept the Denver Nuggets in the first round before facing the young Los Angeles Lakers in the semifinals. Elliott scored 26 points – his high for the playoffs – in the series-clinching game against the Lakers. The Spurs lost to the Houston Rockets in the conference finals.

The 1995–1996 season was a personal best for Elliott, as he averaged 20 points a game, a career high, in 77 games. Elliott also made a career-high 161 three-pointers on the season. He played in the 1996 NBA All-Star Game and scored 13 points. The following season, Elliott suffered injuries that limited him to 39 games. Injuries limited him again to just 36 games in the 1997–1998 season.

NBA championship, kidney transplant, and comeback (1998–2001)
The 1998–1999 season was shortened to 50 games as a result of a league lockout, but the Spurs won 37 of the games for the west's best record led by Duncan and Robinson, with Elliott starting in all 50 games with an average of 11.2 points a game. The Spurs defeated the Minnesota Timberwolves and Los Angeles Lakers to face the Portland Trail Blazers in the conference finals. During game 2, the Trail Blazers held a 2-point lead with 9 seconds left to play in regulation. Elliott received a pass nearly stolen by Blazer Stacey Augmon in the corner, before Elliott caught the ball within an inch of the sideline. He managed to stay on his tiptoes rather than planting his feet, before releasing a 21-foot three-point attempt just over the outstretched arms of 6 foot 11 forward Rasheed Wallace. The shot went in, giving the Spurs a 1-point lead and the eventual victory. The shot was named the "Memorial Day Miracle" because of its improbability and the date on which it was made. Elliott finished the game with 22 points. The Spurs made the NBA Finals and faced the New York Knicks. The Spurs defeated the Knicks in five games to win their first NBA Championship. Elliott averaged 11.9 points in 17 games in the playoffs while shooting 40 percent from beyond the three-point arc.

Shortly after the championship run, Elliott announced that he had a kidney disease known as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, that his kidney function was worsening, and that he would require a transplant as soon as a matching donor became available. Elliott also disclosed that he had been aware of his kidney ailment since 1993. He underwent surgery on August 16, 1999, after he received a kidney from his older brother, Noel. On March 13, 2000, in a game against the Atlanta Hawks, Elliott became the first professional athlete to return to his sport after the kidney transplant. He played in only 19 games in the 1999–2000 season. Elliott started in 34 of 52 games in the 2000–2001 season; the Spurs held the best record in the league, but lost to the eventual champion Los Angeles Lakers in the Western Conference Finals.

Retirement
Elliott announced his retirement in 2001. He finished his career averaging 14.2 points, 4.3 rebounds, and 2.6 assists per game. Elliott is the fifth all-time franchise leader in three-point field goals made (563) and fourth for three-point attempts (1,485).

Post-NBA
After retiring, Elliott became a basketball analyst for The NBA on NBC and, during the 2003–2004 season, for ABC Sports and ESPN. He left that position for the 2004–2005 season and became the color commentator for the Spurs' local broadcasts. On January 5, 2013, he joined Fox Sports 1, calling his first college basketball game with the network.

On March 6, 2005, his #32 was retired by the San Antonio Spurs and was hung in the rafters of the AT&T Center. His #32 is also retired by the University of Arizona.

title: Sean Elliott


text:
Distinguished Service Cross

The Distinguished Service Cross (D.S.C.) is a military decoration for courage. Different versions exist for different countries.

 * Distinguished Service Cross (Australia)
 * Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)
 * Distinguished Service Cross (United States)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Distinguished Service Cross


text:
Felch

Felch may mean:

 * Felching, when semen or other fluids are sucked from the anus
 * Alpheus Felch (1804–1896), Governor and U.S. Senator from Michigan
 * Felch Township, Michigan, named in honor of Alpheus Felch

title: Felch


text:
Connecticut Compromise

The Connecticut Compromise (also known as the Great Compromise of 1787 or Sherman Compromise) was an agreement reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that in part defined the legislative structure and representation each state would have under the United States Constitution. It retained the bicameral legislature as proposed by Roger Sherman, along with proportional representation of the states in the lower house or House of Representatives, and it required the upper house or Senate to be weighted equally among the states; each state would have two members in the Senate.

Background
On May 29, 1787, Edmund Randolph of the Virginia delegation proposed the creation of a bicameral legislature. Under his proposal, known as the Virginia or Randolph Plan, membership in both houses would be allocated to each state proportional to its population. Candidates for the lower house would be nominated and elected by the people of each state, while candidates for the upper house would be nominated by the state legislatures and then elected by the members of the lower house.

Less populous states like Delaware were afraid that such an arrangement would result in their voices and interests being drowned out by the larger states. Many delegates also felt that the Convention did not have the authority to completely scrap the Articles of Confederation, as the Virginia Plan would have done. In response, on June 15, 1787, William Paterson of the New Jersey delegation proposed a legislature consisting of a single house. Each state was to have equal representation in this body, regardless of population. The New Jersey Plan, as it was called, would have left the Articles of Confederation in place but would have amended them to somewhat increase Congress's powers.

At the time of the convention, the South was growing more quickly than the North, and southern states had the most extensive Western claims. South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia were small in the 1780s, but they expected growth and thus favored proportional representation. New York was one of the largest states at the time, but two of its three representatives (Alexander Hamilton being the exception) supported an equal representation per state, as part of their desire to see maximum autonomy for the states.

James Madison and Hamilton were two of the leaders of the proportional representation group. Madison argued that a conspiracy of large states against the small states was unrealistic as the large states were so different from each other. Hamilton argued that the states were artificial entities made up of individuals and accused small state representatives of wanting power, not liberty. For their part, the small state representatives argued that the states were, in fact, of a legally equal status and that proportional representation would be unfair to their states. Gunning Bedford Jr. of Delaware notoriously threatened on behalf of the small states, "the small ones w[ould] find some foreign ally of more honor and good faith, who will take them by the hand and do them justice". Elbridge Gerry ridiculed the small states' claim of sovereignty, saying "that we never were independent States, were not such now, & never could be even on the principles of the Confederation. The States & the advocates for them were intoxicated with the idea of their sovereignty."

On June 19, 1787, the delegates rejected the New Jersey Plan and voted to proceed with a discussion of the Virginia Plan. The small states became increasingly discontented, and some threatened to withdraw. On July 2, 1787, the Convention was deadlocked over giving each state an equal vote in the upper house, with five states in the affirmative, five in the negative, and one divided.

Compromise
The problem was referred to a committee consisting of one delegate from each state to reach a compromise. On July 5, 1787, the committee submitted its report, which became the basis for the "Great Compromise" of the Convention. The report recommended that in the upper house each state should have an equal vote, and in the lower house, each state should have one representative for every 40,000 inhabitants, counting three-fifths of each state's slave population toward that state's total population, and that money bills should originate in the lower house (not subject to amendment by the upper chamber).

Sherman sided with the two-house national legislature of the Virginia Plan, but proposed "That the proportion of suffrage in the 1st. Branch [house] should be according to the respective numbers of free inhabitants; and that in the second branch or Senate, each State should have one vote and no more." What was ultimately included in the constitution was a modified form of this plan, partly because the larger states disliked it. In committee, Benjamin Franklin modified Sherman's proposal to make it more acceptable to the larger states. He added the requirement that revenue bills originate in the House.

James Madison of Virginia, Rufus King of New York, and Gouverneur Morris of Pennsylvania each vigorously opposed the compromise since it left the Senate looking like the Confederation Congress. For the nationalists, the Convention's vote for the compromise was a setback. However, on July 23, they found a way to continue with their vision of an elite, independent Senate. Just before most of the convention's work was referred to the Committee of Detail, Morris and King moved that states' members in the Senate be given individual votes, rather than voting en bloc, as they had in the Confederation Congress. Then Oliver Ellsworth, a leading proponent of the Connecticut Compromise, supported their motion, and the Convention reached the enduring compromise.

After six weeks of turmoil, on July 16, 1787, North Carolina switched its vote to equal representation per state, Massachusetts' delegation was divided, and a compromise was reached on a 5–4 vote of the states. Every state was given equal representation, previously known as the New Jersey Plan, in one house of Congress, and proportional representation, known before as the Virginia Plan, in the other. Because it was considered more responsive to majority sentiment, the House of Representatives was given the power to originate all legislation dealing with the federal budget and revenues/taxation, per the Origination Clause.

Since the Convention had earlier accepted the Virginia Plan's proposal that senators have long terms, restoring that plan's vision of individually powerful senators stopped the Senate from becoming a strong safeguard of federalism. State governments lost their direct say in Congress's decisions to make national laws. As the personally influential senators received terms much longer than the state legislators who elected them, they became substantially independent. The compromise continued to serve the self-interests of small-state political leaders, who were assured of access to more seats in the Senate than they might otherwise have obtained.

Constitution
Senate representation was explicitly protected in Article Five of the United States Constitution:

"...no state, without its consent, shall be deprived of its equal suffrage in the Senate."

This agreement allowed deliberations to continue and thus led to the Three-fifths Compromise, which further complicated the issue of popular representation in the House.

title: Connecticut Compromise


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Danger Mouse (musician)

Brian Joseph Burton (born July 29, 1977), known professionally as Danger Mouse, is an American musician and record producer. He came to prominence in 2004 when he released The Grey Album, which combined vocal performances from Jay-Z's The Black Album with instrumentals from the Beatles' The Beatles, also known as The White Album. In 2008, Esquire named him one of the "75 most influential people of the 21st century".

Danger Mouse formed Gnarls Barkley with CeeLo Green and produced its albums St. Elsewhere and The Odd Couple. In 2009, he collaborated with James Mercer of the indie rock band The Shins to form the band Broken Bells; the band released three albums since then, with Into the Blue (2022) being the most recent one. Burton collaborated with rapper MF Doom as Danger Doom on The Mouse and the Mask and with emcee Black Thought on Cheat Codes.

Danger Mouse produced the second Gorillaz album (2005's Demon Days), Beck's 2008 record Modern Guilt, and four albums with The Black Keys (Attack & Release, Brothers, El Camino, and Turn Blue). In 2016, he produced, performed on, and co-wrote songs for the eleventh studio album by the Red Hot Chili Peppers titled The Getaway. He has produced and co-written albums by Norah Jones (Little Broken Hearts), Electric Guest (Mondo), Portugal. The Man (Evil Friends), Adele (25), and ASAP Rocky (At.Long.Last.ASAP). He has been nominated for 22 Grammy Awards and has won six. He has been nominated in the Producer of the Year category five times, and won the award in 2011.

Early life and music career
Brian Joseph Burton was born on July 29, 1977 in White Plains, New York. He grew up in Spring Valley, New York. Burton moved to Stone Mountain, Georgia, a suburb of Atlanta, where he attended and graduated from Redan High School. He lived in Athens, Georgia, where he pursued a degree in telecommunications at the University of Georgia on scholarship, and where his trip hop works (The Chilling Effect (1999), Rhode Island (2000), and Pelican City / Scanner – Pelican City vs. Scanner (2002)) were released while he was a student. While at the University of Georgia he was introduced to Nirvana, Pink Floyd, and Portishead, and came to know the indie rock scene in Athens, remixed work by several local artists, including Neutral Milk Hotel, and DJ'd for University of Georgia radio station WUOG-FM.

1998-2004
While in Athens, Burton took second place in a 1998 talent contest and was asked to open for a concert at the University of Georgia featuring OutKast and Goodie Mob. Afterwards, Burton says he approached CeeLo Green, a member of Goodie Mob, and gave him an instrumental demo tape. He suggested and negotiated CeeLo's appearance on the 26' Remix of the Danger Mouse and Jemini record. When Burton met CeeLo for this project, he shared some beats which led them to collaborate as Gnarls Barkley.

From 1998 to 2003, Burton created a series of remix CDs and records under the stage name Danger Mouse. He performed in a mouse outfit because he was too shy to show his face, and took his name from the English cartoon series Danger Mouse.

Burton moved to Britain for a couple of years, living in New Cross in London and working at the Rose pub near London Bridge. While there, he sent a demo to Lex Records, which signed him. Burton relocated to Los Angeles; his first original releases under the name Danger Mouse were his collaborations with rapper Jemini, including the album Ghetto Pop Life, released in 2003 on Lex Records. The Danger Mouse debut was well received by critics, but he did not rise to fame until he created The Grey Album, mixing a cappella versions of Jay-Z's The Black Album over beats crafted from samples of the Beatles' eponymous album, also known as The White Album. The remix album, originally created just for his friends, spread over the Internet and became very popular with both the general audience and critics, with Rolling Stone calling it the ultimate remix record and Entertainment Weekly ranking it the best record of that year. He discussed his feelings about any controversy the album may have created in the documentary Alternative Freedom. Danger Mouse was named among the Men of the Year by GQ in 2004 and won a 2005 Wired Rave Award.

2004–2007
The Grey Album got the attention of Damon Albarn, who enlisted Danger Mouse to produce Gorillaz' second studio album, Demon Days. Demon Days earned Burton a Grammy Award nomination for Producer of the Year.

Danger Mouse's next project was The Mouse and the Mask, a collaboration with MF Doom (as Danger Doom) about and for Cartoon Network's Adult Swim. The two had previously collaborated on the Danger Mouse remix of Zero 7's "Somersault", on the Prince Po track "Social Distortion", and on Gorillaz' "November Has Come". A year later, Danger Doom released a follow-up EP called Occult Hymn. The 7-track EP features new songs, and remixes from The Mouse & The Mask, and was released as a free download on Adult Swim's site.

In 2006, Danger Mouse and CeeLo as Gnarls Barkley released their first album, St. Elsewhere, which includes the international hit single "Crazy". "Crazy" became the first UK number-one single based solely on downloads. Gnarls Barkley set out on tour and was one of the main opening acts on the Red Hot Chili Peppers' Stadium Arcadium World Tour. The Gnarls Barkley touring lineup featured future Chili Peppers guitarist, Josh Klinghoffer. He produced two tracks on The Rapture's 2006 album Pieces of the People We Love. In the autumn of 2006, Sparklehorse released his fourth album, Dreamt for Light Years in the Belly of a Mountain, a collaboration with Danger Mouse and Steven Drozd of The Flaming Lips. In August and September 2006, Danger Mouse collaborated with British graffiti artist Banksy to replace 500 copies of Paris Hilton's album Paris in British music stores with altered album artwork and a 40-minute instrumental song containing various statements she had made.

2007–present
In January 2007, Danger Mouse produced another collaboration with Damon Albarn on The Good, the Bad & the Queen, along with The Clash bassist Paul Simonon, former The Verve guitarist Simon Tong and afrobeat pioneer and Africa 70 drummer Tony Allen.

In March 2008, The Odd Couple, the second album of his and CeeLo Green's Gnarls Barkley project, was released. In May 2008, an album with Martina Topley-Bird, titled The Blue God, was released. Topley-Bird collaborated on "All Alone", one song on the Danger Mouse produced Gorillaz second LP, Demon Days. Also released in May 2008 was Replica Sun Machine, an album with the band The Shortwave Set, including a collaboration with Van Dyke Parks and the Velvet Underground's John Cale, according to British music magazine New Musical Express.

Upcoming releases include a follow-up to Ghetto Pop Life entitled Kill Your Heroes. It was scheduled to be released in summer of 2006, but its release was pushed back to an undetermined date. He was also working on an album with The Black Keys and Ike Turner. Turner's death was expected to cancel the album, but The Black Keys and Danger Mouse released Attack & Release in April 2008. Some songs must have been recorded by Turner, however, as a posthumous Danger Mouse produced album has been mentioned, and another collaboration with MF Doom.

Danger Mouse produced and crafted beat structures with Beck for Beck's album Modern Guilt, which was released in July 2008. In April 2009, he and Helena Costas released an album as Joker's Daughter titled The Last Laugh. Danger Mouse was listed as one of Esquire's 75 most influential people of the 21st century.

Danger Mouse and Sparklehorse were due to release an album in the summer of 2009 entitled Danger Mouse and Sparklehorse Present: Dark Night of the Soul (together with a 100+ photo book with photographs by David Lynch). Due to a dispute with EMI the album was not released officially until July 12, 2010. However, the BBC reported that Danger Mouse planned to release a full illustrated jewel case with a blank CD-R included in it. The CD-R was to be labeled: "For Legal Reasons, enclosed CD-R contains no music. Use it as you will."

On November 8, 2009, Paste magazine named Danger Mouse the "Best Producer of the Decade (2000–2009)."

Together with James Mercer, Danger Mouse (billed by his real name, Brian Burton) formed Broken Bells. The project was first announced on September 29, 2009. On December 21, 2009, the band informed fans in an e-mail message of the release of their debut single "The High Road", which was made available as a free download on their official site. The self-titled debut album was released in the U.S. on March 9, 2010.

In 2010, Danger Mouse began producing U2's thirteenth studio album Songs of Innocence, released in 2014. U2's frontman, Bono, said in 2010, "We have about 12 songs with him. At the moment that looks like the album we will put out next because it's just happening so easily." Ultimately, Danger Mouse was credited as co-producer on 7 of the album's 11 tracks, and sole producer on "Sleep Like a Baby Tonight" and "This Is Where You Can Reach Me Now". During this period, he produced the band's single "Ordinary Love", released in 2013 as part of the soundtrack to Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom, and their single "Invisible", which was released on Super Bowl Sunday, February 2, 2014.

In 2005, Danger Mouse began composing a "Spaghetti Western" album with composer Daniele Luppi and main vocalists Jack White and Norah Jones. Instrumentation was done mainly by musicians who played on the original Ennio Morricone scores. Danger Mouse does not play any instruments on the album. The style of the album reflects much of Danger Mouse's work since 2005, such as segments of Beck's Modern Guilt, aspects of Dark Night of the Soul, and songs like "Mongrel Heart" off of the self-titled Broken Bells album. The album was titled Rome and was released on May 16, 2011.

On February 13, 2011, Danger Mouse won a Grammy for Best Producer for his work on the Black Keys' Brothers, Broken Bells' self-titled album, and the Danger Mouse and Sparklehorse album Dark Night of the Soul.

On November 1, 2011, Los Angeles-based indie band Electric Guest released their first single, "Troubleman/American Daydream", produced by Danger Mouse. Danger Mouse produced the band's whole debut album Mondo which was released on April 24, 2012.

On May 1, 2012, Norah Jones released her Danger Mouse-produced fifth studio album Little Broken Hearts (Blue Note/EMI).

Danger Mouse co-wrote the song "Keep It for Your Own" by POP ETC.

Danger Mouse produced Portugal. The Man's seventh studio album, Evil Friends, released in June 2013.

Danger Mouse produced At.Long.Last.ASAP, the 2015 album by rapper ASAP Rocky.

In November 2015 Danger Mouse launched his own record label, 30th Century Records.

Danger Mouse was announced as the producer for the Red Hot Chili Peppers eleventh album and that he would replace Rick Rubin, the producer of the band's previous six albums dating back to 1991. Production began in February 2015. The production was halted due to an injury the band's bassist Flea suffered during a skiing trip. It resumed in August 2015 and continued into early 2016. The Getaway was released in June 2016 with Danger Mouse performing on and having co-writing credits on many of the songs.

In March 2017, Red Hot Chili Peppers singer Anthony Kiedis indicated that the band would likely want to work again with Danger Mouse on the follow-up to The Getaway. Kiedis stated "I think it's good to work with the same guy again to um, you know you had your freshman experience. I think we owe it to ourselves to start from the beginning with this guy and see what we can accomplish." However, their follow-up albums, 2022's Unlimited Love and Return of the Dream Canteen, featured the return of longtime producer Rick Rubin.

In April 2017, he released Resistance Radio: The Man in The High Castle, a compilation produced alongside 30th Century Records-signee producer Sam Cohen. Connected to Amazon's eponymous TV series, this album contains covers of 1960s classics by contemporary artists like Beck, Norah Jones, Kelis, Andrew VanWyngarden, The Shins, and more.

In June 2017, Portugal. The Man released Woodstock, their follow-up to 2013's Evil Friends; both of which featured production from Danger Mouse.

In June 2017, he collaborated with Run the Jewels and Big Boi to create the song "Chase Me" for the 2017 film Baby Driver.

In May 2018, he produced the acclaimed album Wide Awake! by Parquet Courts and in 2019 he collaborated with Karen O to create the album Lux Prima. The album has been met with generally favorable review by critics.

On August 12, 2022, he released a collaborative studio album Cheat Codes with The Roots emcee Black Thought. The same year, he released a third Broken Bells album with James Mercer entitled Into The Blue (stylized all caps).

Philosophy
In an interview for The New York Times magazine, Danger Mouse was compared to a film auteur, basing his music production philosophy on the cinematic philosophy of directors like Woody Allen. "Woody Allen was an auteur: he did his thing, and that particular thing was completely his own", he said. "That's what I decided to do with music. I want to create a director's role within music, which is what I tried to do on this album (St. Elsewhere)... I can create different kinds of musical worlds, but the artist needs the desire to go into that world... Musically, there is no one who has the career I want. That's why I have to use film directors as a model."

Awards
Since 2005, Danger Mouse (as a producer and as an artist with Gnarls Barkley) has been nominated for 12 Grammy Awards: Producer of the Year (2005, 2006 and 2008), Record of Year (2006), Album of Year (2006), Best Alternative Album (2006 and 2008), Best Urban Alternative Performance (2006), Best Short Form Music Video (2007 and 2008) and Best Pop Performance (2008). He won two Grammy Awards in 2006 for Best Alternative Album and Best Urban Alternative Performance. He won in 2017 for his work as a producer on Adele's 25.

Grammy Awards

 * style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 2006
 * style="text-align:left;" | Danger Mouse
 * Producer of the Year, Non-Classical
 * Nominated
 * style="text-align:left;" | "Feel Good Inc."
 * rowspan="2"| Record of the Year
 * Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" rowspan="5"| 2007
 * style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"| "Crazy"
 * Nominated
 * Best Urban/Alternative Performance || Won
 * style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"| St. Elsewhere || Album of the Year || Nominated
 * Best Alternative Music Album || Won
 * Danger Mouse || Producer of the Year, Non-Classical || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" | 2008
 * "Gone Daddy Gone"
 * rowspan="2"|Best Short Form Music Video
 * Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" rowspan="4"| 2009
 * "Who's Gonna Save My Soul"
 * Nominated
 * "Going On"
 * Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals
 * Nominated
 * The Odd Couple || Best Alternative Music Album || Nominated
 * Danger Mouse || Producer of the Year, Non-Classical || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 2011 || Broken Bells || Best Alternative Music Album || Nominated
 * Danger Mouse || rowspan="2"| Producer of the Year, Non-Classical || Won
 * style="text-align:center;" | 2012 || Danger Mouse || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" rowspan="4"| 2013 ||style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"| El Camino || Album of the Year || Nominated
 * Best Rock Album || Won
 * rowspan="2"| "Lonely Boy" || Record of the Year || Nominated
 * rowspan="2"| Best Rock Song || Won
 * style="text-align:center;" |2015 ||| "Fever" || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" |2017 ||| 25 || Album of the Year || Won
 * style="text-align:center;" |2018 ||| "Chase Me" || Best Rap Song || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" |2020 ||| "Woman" || Best Rock Performance || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" |2021 ||| Kiwanuka || Best Rock Album || Nominated
 * }
 * style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2"| 2011 || Broken Bells || Best Alternative Music Album || Nominated
 * Danger Mouse || rowspan="2"| Producer of the Year, Non-Classical || Won
 * style="text-align:center;" | 2012 || Danger Mouse || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" rowspan="4"| 2013 ||style="text-align:left;" rowspan="2"| El Camino || Album of the Year || Nominated
 * Best Rock Album || Won
 * rowspan="2"| "Lonely Boy" || Record of the Year || Nominated
 * rowspan="2"| Best Rock Song || Won
 * style="text-align:center;" |2015 ||| "Fever" || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" |2017 ||| 25 || Album of the Year || Won
 * style="text-align:center;" |2018 ||| "Chase Me" || Best Rap Song || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" |2020 ||| "Woman" || Best Rock Performance || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" |2021 ||| Kiwanuka || Best Rock Album || Nominated
 * }
 * style="text-align:center;" |2015 ||| "Fever" || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" |2017 ||| 25 || Album of the Year || Won
 * style="text-align:center;" |2018 ||| "Chase Me" || Best Rap Song || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" |2020 ||| "Woman" || Best Rock Performance || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" |2021 ||| Kiwanuka || Best Rock Album || Nominated
 * }
 * style="text-align:center;" |2020 ||| "Woman" || Best Rock Performance || Nominated
 * style="text-align:center;" |2021 ||| Kiwanuka || Best Rock Album || Nominated
 * }
 * style="text-align:center;" |2021 ||| Kiwanuka || Best Rock Album || Nominated
 * }

Other awards

 * 2004 Entertainment Weekly's Album of the Year (Danger Mouse – The Grey Album)
 * 2004 GQ Magazine's "Men of the Year"
 * 2005 Wired Magazine's Rave Award (Music)
 * 2005 Q – Best Producer
 * 2006 Entertainment Weekly's Album of the Year (Gnarls Barkley – St. Elsewhere)
 * 2006 Q (Song of the Year – Gnarls Barkley's "Crazy")
 * 2008 Rolling Stone – Best Producer in Rock
 * 2009 Esquire – 75 Most Influential People of the 21st Century
 * 2009 GQ Magazine's Album of the Year (Danger Mouse & Sparklehorse – Dark Night of the Soul)
 * 2009 Paste – Producer of the Decade
 * 2010 Rolling Stone – Song of the Decade (Gnarls Barkley – "Crazy")
 * 2013 Music Producers Guild – International Producer of the Year
 * 2014 71st Golden Globe Awards (winner) (Best Original Song – "Ordinary Love")
 * 2016 74th Golden Globe Awards (nominee) (Best Original Song – "Gold")

title: Danger Mouse (musician)


text:
User talk:Theyapps/Archive 1

Hi there. Welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your note at the new user log. It doesn't really matter how old you are - everyone here is judged by what they contribute, and anyone can be a helpful contributor if they want.

One useful thing you could do here is try to help make the science, technology, and math articles here easier to read. A lot of them are written by very educated people, which can cause problems because only other people with a lot of education can read them. If you read something you don't understand, ask a question on the talk page.

Plus, there are plenty of general information articles on Wikipedia. Edit an article on a city near you, or on your home state or country, or on anything that interests you.

Here are some links you might find useful, if you haven't discovered them yet: How does one edit a page for editing help. Manual of Style for format questions. Policies and guidelines to find out what's ok and what's not. Help for any other questions you might have. Village pump to ask a question for everybody here.

Also, if you need anything feel free to leave a note on my talk page.

Happy editing, Isomorphic 04:56, 20 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Oh, and thanks for restoring the information in Motorola 68008. There's a lot of work to do around here just correcting typos and repairing vandalism. It's not particularly interesting but most of us pitch in and help with it. Isomorphic 05:04, 20 Feb 2004 (UTC)

You're welcome, glad to have you here. Another tip: to sign messages, type three tildes  to sign just your username, and four tildes ( ~ ) to sign you username and a timestamp. Most of the time people do use the timestamps, because it makes it easier to follow discussions. Isomorphic 05:37, 20 Feb 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Theyapps/Archive 1


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Ohio University

Ohio University (Ohio or OU) is a public research university with its main campus in Athens, Ohio. The first university chartered by an Act of Congress and the first to be chartered in Ohio, the university was chartered in 1787 by the Congress of the Confederation and subsequently approved for the territory in 1802 and state in 1804, opening for students in 1809.

Ohio University comprises nine campuses, nine undergraduate colleges, a graduate college, a college of medicine, and a public affairs school. It offers more than 250 areas of undergraduate study as well as certificates, master's, and doctoral degrees. The university is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission and classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". As of Fall 2020, the university's total enrollment at Athens was slightly more than 18,000, while the all-campus enrollment was just over 30,000.

Ohio's intercollegiate athletic teams are known as the Bobcats and compete in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division I level as charter members of the Mid-American Conference. Ohio football has participated in 16 bowl games through the 2023 season. The men's basketball team has made 14 appearances in the NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Tournament, with their most recent appearance in 2021.

Charter and establishment
George Washington stated "the settlement of southeastern Ohio was not accidental, but the result of the careful deliberation of wise, prudent, and patriotic men." The Confederation Congress, which operated under the Articles of Confederation, did not work with an executor or cabinet. Executive roles transacted from committees of Congress or appointed persons. The Ordinance of 1787 made Ohio University the first ever to be chartered through acts of Congress, with the purpose of expanding education. Additionally, the 1787 ordinance stated: "Religion, morality and knowledge being necessary to good government and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall forever be encouraged." This phrase is engraved on the university's main college gateway. The university was first envisioned by Manasseh Cutler, credited as the school's founder along with Revolutionary War Brigadier General Rufus Putnam. In addition to being instrumental in its founding, Putnam was also an original trustee of the university. Putnam Hall there is named for him. Cutler had served as a chaplain in Washington's Continental Army. The institution's first name was American Western University. In 1797, settlers from Marietta traveled downstream on the Ohio River and up the Hocking River to establish a location for the school in what the Congress designated as the College Lands, founding Athens due to its location directly between the original capital of Chillicothe and Marietta. 1802, approval was granted by the territorial government for the establishment of the American Western University, but the school was not operated under that name. Ohio University was recognized by the new state on February 18, 1804, with its charter being certified by the Ohio General Assembly. This last approval happened eleven months after Ohio was admitted to the Union. The first three students enrolled in 1809. The first two bachelor's degrees were granted in 1815.

19th century to present
Ohio University was closed between 1843 and 1848. Women were first admitted to the university in 1868. In 1874, the Ohio General Assembly created the new Ohio State University in Columbus as a land grant school upon passage of the Morrill Act of 1862. At that time some representatives proposed that both Ohio University and Miami University be demoted to preparatory schools. In 1880, it was instead suggested that Ohio and Miami be merged directly with Ohio State, but the 1896 Sleeper Bill, introduced by Athenian David L. Sleeper, the speaker of the Ohio House of Representatives, provided annual support for the university; this set the precedent for continuing state support of Ohio University. A second challenge was defeated in 1906. The 20th century saw dramatic growth in student enrollment, academic offerings, and research facilities. Between 1955 and 1970, undergraduate enrollment tripled from 7,000 to 20,000. During this era, the campus grew, with the construction of 25 new dormitories located on two new residential college greens, with radio and television stations, research and classroom facilities, and the construction of the 13,000-seat Convocation Center arena. Ohio University ranks among the top 25 largest residential college campuses in the United States, and the 5th largest in total campus size after acquiring acreage from adjacent hilltop properties in the 1990s.

Ohio restructured its two colleges into five in 1935, establishing the colleges of Commerce, Fine Arts, and Applied Science in addition to the existing colleges of Arts & Sciences and Education. The graduate college was created in 1936, and the first PhD program was initiated in 1956 in chemistry. Starting mid–century, the university also began to establish regional campuses throughout southeast Ohio. The first, Ohio University – Chillicothe, was opened in 1946 to help eliminate post-World War II overcrowding on the university's main campus. The school began with 281 students, 70 percent of which were armed services veterans. Later campuses would come in 1946 at Zanesville, 1956 in Ironton and Lancaster, 1957 in St. Clairsville, and formerly Proctorville in 2006.

In 1964, U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson publicly referenced his Great Society initiative for the first time on the College Green, giving the university exposure across America and internationally. On May 4, 1970, the Ohio National Guard was ordered to open fire on students demonstrating against the Vietnam War at Kent State University, killing 4 and wounding 9. At the same time, there were sit-ins and anti-war riots at Ohio University, even more intense than those of Kent State. This was partly due to the administration's refusal to close the university; instead of going home, many students from other Ohio universities that did close came to Athens to protest further. When the Ohio National Guard was called in to Athens, there was a 3-hour battle at the Baker Center, resulting in 23 injured and 54 arrested students. On May 15, the campus was closed. Alden Library was completed in 1969. In 1975, Ohio established its medical school, known as the Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine. Heritage is the only medical school in the state to award the Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine degree. In 1979, on the university's 175th anniversary, Chubu University of Japan donated 175 cherry trees. The Ohio University Innovation Center, a technology business incubator, started in 1983. The Ohio University Edison Biotechnology Institute was founded in 1984. In the Glidden administration, from 1994 to 2004, new construction included the Life Sciences Research Facility, Emeriti Park, Walter Hall, plus major renovations to Gordy Hall, Grover Center, and Memorial Auditorium; the expansion of Bentley Hall and Copeland Hall; and groundwork for the new Baker Center that opened in 2007. In the Fall of 2012, Ohio University converted its academic calendar from quarters to semesters, after first having changed to quarters in 1967.

Athens campus
The main residential university campus is in Athens, Ohio, overlooking the Hocking River. Constructed under the Jefferson presidency, New England and Early Americana Federalist themes are prevalent in the university's earliest architecture.

Development of the campus began in 1812 with the erection of the university's central building, Manasseh Cutler Hall, a registered national landmark, and built only 20 years after the White House. Cutler Hall's University Chimes, replacing an existing old cast iron bell, chime on the half hour every day until 9:00pm. The original bell, the 3rd oldest university bell in America, which is still hung in the Cutler Hall Cupola, rang to signal the start and end of the school day, as well as to signal the end of different class periods. Cast in the early 1800s, it served the university for well over a century.

College Green

The historic College Green is the centralized quadrangle lawn and location of significant campus buildings: Manasseh Cutler Hall, the Office of the President; Wilson Hall, the College of Arts & Sciences; McGuffey Hall, named for William McGuffey; and the College Gateway. These three original primary structures are featured elements of the official current university logo and maintain true to their original design of over 200 years ago. The College Green has changed little in the past two centuries, which contributes to the university's colonial appearance. The green, inspired by the university founders, is based upon the classic layout of traditional English and New England towns and similar to university quadrangles. College Green features Galbreath Chapel, the spire of which, topped with a brass weather vane, is modeled after that of the portico of Nash's All Souls Church in London. Other buildings on the College Green include Chubb Hall, home to Undergraduate Admissions as well as the Offices of the Bursar and Registrar; Ellis Hall, home to the departments of English, Classics, Religious Studies, and Philosophy; Templeton-Blackburn Memorial Auditorium; as well as Bryan Hall, an upperclassman residence hall. The University Sundial, located behind Galbreath Chapel, was constructed in 1907 and marks the original location of the university's first building. College Green is framed by two main university gateways. Alumni Gateway, built in 1915, features the text "That thou Mayest Grow In Knowledge, Wisdom and Love," borrowed from the Latin phrase inscribed over a gateway to the University of Padua and was dedicated upon the 100th anniversary of the university's first graduating class. The newer College Gate, built in the 1960s, features words taken from the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 regarding public education. Traditions surrounding College Green include the latter half of first year convocation, where students, led by the Ohio University Marching 110, march up Richland Avenue, onto Presidents Street, turning north onto Court Street, and entering the Green through the College Gate at the corner of Court and Union Streets. From there, a large involvement fair is held where students find clubs they wish to join.

John Calhoun Baker University Center
The John Calhoun Baker University Center, which opened in January 2007, is named after the 14th president of the university. The facility replaced the original Baker Center located on East Union Street across from College Green and serves as the hub of campus activity. Electronic maps and virtual university e-tours, available at center information desks and online, direct visitors across campus. The building features Georgian-influenced Federal architecture and large windows that admit natural light and afford expansive views of the southern and western sides of the campus. In contrast to the exterior's red brick and white columns, the interior has a more contemporary style with high domed ceilings. Terrazzo mosaics of aspects of the earth's globe are embedded in the atrium of the main entrance to the building. Baker Center contains a large food court called West 82; a pub bistro called Latitude 39; a Grand Ballroom; The Honors Collegium, The Wall of Presidents, the Bobcat Student Lounge, a shop called Bobcat Depot that sells apparel, computers, and accessories; a theater seating 400; study areas; computer labs; administrative offices; and numerous conference rooms. The Front Room, a large coffee house named after a former popular university rathskeller, features a stage, artwork and a community fireplace. It serves Starbucks products and university bakery items and is housed on the fourth floor, which opens onto its own outside terrace as well as onto the intersection of Park Place and Court Streets, making it a popular spot for students between classes. Other amenities include a United States Post Office and the Trisolini Art Gallery, named after a prominent fine arts faculty member.

Vernon R. Alden Library
Vernon R. Alden Library serves the Athens campus as the central library facility. There are several, smaller libraries within other academic buildings that serve various departments and programs, as well as smaller, specialized specific collection libraries within the Vernon R. Alden Library building. University librarians work for different departments and all are experts in some discipline of their own choosing. This gives students access to produce their own original research and assistance when needed. Many Ohio University courses require students to utilize the library and librarians to produce their own original writing and many go on to publish their works with the help of the librarians. There is a library annex building which is located on Columbus Road in Athens, which houses preservation and other offices. Also housed within Alden Library, The Ohio University Press is Ohio University's publishing company, located on the first floor. Each regional campus has their own library and printed text collections complete with their own staff and various librarians. The collection of OHIO's library contains over 2.3 million units of microfilm material, 13,500 periodical subscriptions and more than 4 million printed volumes, making it one of the 100 largest libraries in the United States. Alden Library was the first in the world to generate an electronic library record in 1971. The university maintains a complex system of archives in its libraries. The Robert E. and Jean R. Mahn Center for Archives and Special Collections maintains and displays rare books and collections, including a 14th-century Gutenberg Bible. Laptops and other accessories are available through technology services at the reference desk. Outside Alden Library and directly behind Cutler Hall is Wolfe Garden, a small enclave in the shape of the State of Ohio, which features native Ohio trees and plants.

East Green

There are twelve residence halls on East Green. This area of the university is the oldest residential green and includes three of the steepest walkways at the hilly Athens campus: Morton Hill, the Bryan Hall terrace and staircase, and Jefferson Hill. Each walkway affords East Green residents access to classrooms if they are willing to walk or bicycle. East Green is also home to Shively Court, a newly renovated dining hall with dine-in, take-out, and grab-and-go options. East Green includes Jefferson Marketplace with several food vendors.

South Green
South Green includes areas near Emeriti Park, and extends along the Hocking River valley. There are eighteen residence halls on South Green, following the addition of four new residence halls in the summer of 2015. South Green is home to several facilities, including:
 * Nelson Court, the university's largest dining hall with an adjacent market and coffee shop, South Side Espresso Bar.
 * Peden Stadium, the university's football field and the oldest football venue in the Mid-American conference, adjacent to a new multipurpose indoor training facility, Walter Fieldhouse. It is a designated Official Ohio Historical Site by the Ohio Historical Society.
 * Bird Ice Arena, home to the Ohio University hockey team, recreational skating, and academic skating classes.
 * Ohio University Aquatic Center, home to the university's swimming and diving teams.

Charles J. Ping Recreation Center
The Charles J. Ping Center is one of the largest recreational facilities in the nation. Covering 168000 sqft on three floors, Ping houses a 36 ft, double-sided climbing wall, five basketball/volleyball courts, two multipurpose gymnasiums, an elevated four-lane indoor running track, eight racquetball courts and an enclosed glass fitness area. Ping Center also provides free weight and cardio rooms, aerobics and fitness classes, combative sports, dance, meeting rooms and personal training. The recreation center also houses club sports and intramural sports. Construction began in 1994 and it opened in January 1996. Ping was named in honor of the 18th president of Ohio University, Charles J. Ping. Ping is also one of the largest student employers on campus.

West Green
West Green includes buildings around the western part of the Athens campus. The Ohio Athletic Mall spans the western portion of the campus, near the end of the Athens bike path at the Union street crossing. The mall features lacrosse, baseball, track, field and related athletic venues. Along the surrounding Hocking River is a series of sakura trees planted to commemorate the university's historic partnership with Chubu University. Japanese students sponsor an annual "Sakura Festival" each year, a cultural event celebrating the visually dramatic blossoming of the cherry trees and their evening lightings. Nearby Bicentennial Park features Input, a landscape artwork by artist Maya Lin.

Anchoring the West Green quadrangle is the Stocker Center, which houses the Russ College of Engineering and Technology.

There are eight residence halls on the West Green. The West Green also includes:
 * The District on West Green, a dining hall with various options, including a kitchen for those with dietary restrictions.
 * Academic and Research Center
 * Ohio Softball Field, home to the softball team.
 * Goldsberry Track, home to the track and field teams.
 * Bob Wren Stadium, home to the baseball team.
 * Chessa Field, home to the women's soccer program.
 * Pruitt Field, home to the field hockey team.

Other facilities

 * The Ridges, formerly Athens Mental Hospital, was acquired by the university. The Victorian styled area has since been re-purposed as a university complex of classrooms and administrative offices surrounded by a large nature preserve. Additionally, a new planetary observatory is located nearby.
 * Gordon K. Bush Airport
 * Edwards Accelerator Laboratory, a particle accelerator used for nuclear physics and astrophysics research.
 * The Athena Cinema, an on-campus, early art deco styled century-old movie theater owned by the university.
 * Lausche Heating Plant, an on-campus plant that provides heat to all buildings on campus.

Regional campuses
The first regional campus, Ohio University – Chillicothe, was opened in 1946 to help eliminate post-World War II overcrowding on the university's main campus. The school began with 281 students, 70 percent of which were armed services veterans. Today, more than 9,800 students attend Ohio University's five regional campuses:

 * Ohio University Chillicothe – 1946
 * Ohio University Zanesville – 1946
 * Ohio University Lancaster – 1956
 * Ohio University Southern (Ironton) – 1956
 * Ohio University Eastern (St. Clairsville) – 1957

Ohio University maintained the Proctorville Center, which was opened in April 2007. It was acquired by the Collins Career Technical Center in October 2023.

The Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine operates two campuses in addition to Athens:

 * Dublin, which includes an extension campus in addition to a medical campus
 * Cleveland, which is affiliated with the Cleveland Clinic

Academics

Ohio University comprises thirteen degree granting colleges and centers. The university honor code includes the traditional pillars of character, citizenship, civility, commitment, and community. Freshmen formally enter the university with their annual convocation and march beneath Alumni Gateway along with university officials. The university is nationally known for its liberal arts programs, as well as its journalism, business, and medicine programs. Additionally, it maintains five branch campuses, two regional medical campuses in Cleveland and Dublin, Ohio, and an engineering research and development center in Beavercreek, Ohio. The total university student enrollment is in excess of 36,000, encompassing its main campus in Athens and regional campuses; its body mostly hails from the Mid-Atlantic and Midwest and graduated from public high schools. Undergraduate admissions are more selective with further admission requirements for its journalism and other select schools. The Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine maintains separate select admissions criteria and is the most selective college at the university. Ohio University is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission and classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". The Chronicle of Higher Education has recognized the university as one of the top producers of U.S. Fulbright scholars by type of institution, with the highest number of recipients in the state as well as the Mid-American Conference in 2011–12. Ohio University was recognized by the U.S. Department of State's Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs as a top producer of 2014–2015 Fulbright U.S. Students. Since 2008, 16 students have won the Barry M. Goldwater Scholarship, 32 students have won the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program and 94 students have become Fulbright Program U.S. grantees. One alumnus has shared the Nobel Prize. Ohio faculty has achievements ranging from the first university to successfully accomplish a trans-genetic DNA injection, to Francis Bundy's work on early synthesis of diamond to Paul Murray Kendall's celebrated biography of Richard III. Some sense of research achievements at Ohio University can be seen in the biographies of the Edwin and Ruth Kennedy Distinguished Professors appointed annually since 1959.

Undergraduate admissions
Undergraduate admission to Ohio University is classified as "selective" by both the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education and U.S. News & World Report. The Princeton Review gives Ohio an "Admissions Selectivity Rating" of 81. The university extends offers of admission to, on average, around 85% of all applicants yearly after holistic review that includes examination of academic rigor, recommendations, essays, and high school performance, and admissions test scores, when submitted. The university no longer requires test scores and does not publish average tests scores for public release. Ohio University admitted 85% of all applicants, including first year and transfer students, for the incoming 2022 class.

The Class of 2026 enrolled as Ohio University's largest class, coming from all 50 states.

Colleges and schools
The university is organized into 12 degree granting schools and colleges.

The College of Arts & Sciences is the largest academic division at the university, host to a broad range of liberal arts courses in the humanities, the social sciences, and the natural sciences as the foundation for all undergraduate degrees.

The Russ College of Engineering and Technology is home to the university's highly ranked programs in the traditional fields of engineering at the undergraduate and graduate level. It enrolls approximately 1,400 undergraduates and almost 300 graduate students. It is named in honor of Fritz J. Russ, an alumnus in electrical engineering and the founder of Systems Research Laboratories, a major bioengineering concern.

The Scripps College of Communication comprises five schools and one research lab: The E.W. Scripps School of Journalism, the J. W. McClure School of Information and Telecommunication Systems, the School of Communication Studies, the School of Media Arts and Studies (formerly the School of Telecommunications), the School of Visual Communication (VisCom), and the Game Research and Immersive Design (GRID) Lab.

The College of Business offers nine different majors and a general business minor for students with non-business majors, as well as the "OHIO MBA" in a variety of learning formats. Copeland Hall, seat of the college, maintains six computer labs and two study lounges with computers, as well as many conference rooms and small group rooms for an intimate, collaborative team atmosphere. All business classes are taught by professors instead of graduate students.

The College of Fine Arts offers academic programs in art, dance, film, interdisciplinary arts, music, and theater. The Ohio University School of Music celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2017. The university's film program is located within the School of Dance, Film, and Theater in the College of Fine Arts. The Kennedy Museum of Art is housed at the Ridges in Lin Hall.

The history of the Patton College of Education dates back to May 11, 1886. The Normal Department – the predecessor to today's College of Education – was the first state-supported teacher preparation program in Ohio. The state's first kindergarten opened on the Ohio University campus in 1907. Today, the College of Education is organized into three departments: Counseling and Higher Education, Educational Studies, and Teacher Education. The college currently serves more than 2,100 undergraduate and 800 graduate students. On July 1, 2010, The Patton College became the home of several programs previously housed in the College of Health and Human Services, creating two new departments: Human and Consumer Science Education, and Recreation and Sport Pedagogy.

The Honors Tutorial College offers programs in 34 disciplines, ranging from journalism to astrophysics. The Office of Nationally Competitive Awards is housed in the college. It is based on the British tutorial system typically found at undergraduate colleges, where students are placed either one on one or in small group instruction.

Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine was established in 1975. It is the only osteopathic medical college in the state, and offers the degree Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.). The college is accredited by the American Osteopathic Association. In 1993, Barbara Ross-Lee was appointed to the position of dean of the Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine; she was the first African-American woman to serve as the dean of a U.S. medical school. In 2014, alongside pre-eminent training partner OhioHealth, the college opened a second medical school campus in Dublin, Ohio. In 2015, the college opened a third campus in affiliation with Cleveland Clinic at Cleveland Clinic South Pointe Hospital in Warrensville Heights, Ohio. Approximately 120 medical students train at the Athens campus, 70 in Dublin and 60 in Cleveland.

The College of Health Sciences and Professions was established in 1979, and is the home for departments of exercise physiology, dietetics and nutrition sciences, physical therapy, athletic training, health studies, nursing, rehabilitation and communications science, social and public health, and social work.

University College was established in 2004. The college comprises students who design a major program with faculty approval and awards the Bachelor of Specialized Studies (BSS) degree. The University College faculty are from various disciplines.

Research centers
Several research programs and institutes allow students to learn from scientists and scholars who are actively engaged in advancing their disciplines. Ohio University's Board of Trustees-approved research centers and institutes cover a broad range of disciplines.

The College of Arts & Sciences sponsors the African American Research and Service Institute, the Astrophysical Institute, the Contemporary History Institute, the Charles J. Ping Institute for the Teaching of the Humanities, Center for Intelligent Chemical Instrumentation, the Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, the Institute for Applied and Professional Ethics, Institute for the Empirical Study of Language, the Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, the Ohio University Cartographic Center, the Institute for Quantitative Biology, and the Center for Ring Theory and Its Applications. The Center for International Studies was established in 1964. The George Washington Forum on Ideas sponsors exchanges on a wide range of topics and the university launched the Global Leadership Center to engage students from any major in a wide variety of global impact projects during their studies.

The Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine sponsors the Institute for Neuromusculoskeletal Research, Tropical Disease Institute, Edison Biotechnology Institute, and Appalachian Rural Health Institute.

In Engineering and Technology, Ohio sponsors the Institute for Sustainable Energy and the Environment, the Center for Advanced Materials Processing, the Center for Advanced Software Systems Integration, the Automatic Identification Education and Research Center, the Avionics Engineering Research Center, the Institute for Corrosion & Multiphase Technology, the Center for Intelligent, Distributed and Dependable Systems, the Ohio Research Institute for Transportation and the Environment, and the T. Richard and Eleanora K. Robe Leadership Institute. The Condensed Matter and Surface Science program supports research in condensed matter and materials physics. The Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute (NQPI) supports research in diverse aspects of nanoscience and quantum mechanical phenomena in nature.

The College of Business sponsors the center for eBusiness, the Center for International Business Education and Development, the Ohio University Insurance Institute, the Center for Sports Administration, and the Schey Sales Center. The university also has a business incubator and innovation center.

In Scripps College of Communications disciplines, Ohio sponsors the Institute for International Journalism, the Scripps Survey Research Center, the Telecommunications Center, and the Institute for Telecommunication Studies. The College of Communication also sponsors the Game Research and Immersive Design (GRID) Lab, an initiative of its Scripps College of Communication, providing Ohioans the training, education, and opportunity to develop technical and creative skills with digital game technology. The GRID Lab serves as an innovative and creative center for undergraduate and graduate students, faculty, and staff research and project development. It was founded by various faculty and staff from the School of Media Arts and Studies.

In Education, Ohio sponsors the Center for Cooperative Curriculum Development and Partnerships, the Institute for Democracy in Education, the George Hill Center for Counseling & Research, the Center for Higher Education, the Child Development Center, and the Edward Stevens Center for the Study and Development of Literacy and Language.

Marching 110 Band
The Ohio University Marching 110 is the official marching band of Ohio University, founded in 1923, based out of the College of Fine Arts, and currently under the direction of Richard Suk. The nickname Marching 110 is a reference to the band's original number of members (the 2017 band consisted of 240 members). It represents the university at various athletic functions and other events, including over 40 NFL halftime shows. In 1967, the band became known as the "100 Marching Men of Ohio," and the following year the 110 members of the band were coined the "110 Marching Men of Ohio," cementing their name as the Marching 110 seen today. In 1975, women were re-admitted to the Marching Band by Ronald Socciarelli, and remain so today. The Marching 110 also became the first collegiate marching band to perform in Carnegie Hall in 1976, marking one of their first prominent performances. The Marching 110 also participated in the 2010 Tournament of Roses Parade in Pasadena, California.

Special Events
While Athens' annual Halloween block party is the most well-known and far-reaching tradition, with Ohio University providing support services for the thousands of partiers who attend, the university has many more traditions which students enjoy being involved in each year. Among these are Homecoming Weekend, with its grand parade through the streets of Athens and activities that allow students to mingle with alumni. International Week in the Spring features another colorful parade and festivities along Court Street. The Student Activities Commission (SAC) sponsors a yearly springtime concert with prominent musicians, usually held at the Convocation Center. The university community is well known for its unofficial springtime fests and concerts, as well. Other traditions include the Kissing Circle on College Green, a tradition where couples will kiss on College Green to solidify their relationship so it becomes a "Bobcat Bond;" the week of Hellenic "rushing" in the Fall, for freshmen to become sorority and fraternity members; and the entire month of April featuring ecological advocacy and green awareness programs across all campuses.

Service
Students maintain a variety of organized and independent service events. The Community Service Leadership Council involves students to oversee a Project of the Week every Saturday. The projects have included work with Good Earth Farms, Last Chance Corral, Cadillac Ranch, Habitat for Humanity, Alpha Delta Pi, Alpha Phi Omega, Pi Beta Phi, Project C, Rotaract, the Survivor Advocacy Program, and the Thursday Supper Volunteer Corps, among others. Charities at Ohio University have involved flag football tournaments and the 5K Flour Run, and have benefited O'Bleness Health System's Women's Health Fund and the Athens Backpack Program, respectively. Student Senate's Beautification Day regularly receives a large turnout and is particularly unique in the Spring. In early 1962, President Vernon Alden signed the first of several contracts with the federal government to facilitate Peace Corps volunteer training programs. Today, Ohio University hosts a recruiting office for the Peace Corps in a tradition affiliated with that organization since Sargent Shriver's visit.

Media
Students operate a newspaper, television, radio stations, numerous online sites, among more media, at Ohio University. The main newspaper, The Post, publishes in print once a week and online all days of the week while the university is in session, and is officially independent of the university and its administration. Ohio University Public Television is a PBS affiliate broadcasting on WOUB Athens/WOUC Cambridge. In addition to national PBS programs, WOUB features Newswatch, a nightly news broadcast with student reporters. Other student-produced programs include Gridiron Glory (following the Southeastern Ohio and parts of West Virginia high school football season, the recipient of many Emmys) and Bobcat Blitz (following the Ohio Bobcats during the year). WOUB also airs The OUtlet, a radio show and podcast featuring stories wherever "campus meets community." WOUB-FM 91.3 Athens, WOUC-FM 89.1 Cambridge, WOUH-FM 91.9 Chillicothe, WOUL-FM 89.1 Ironton, and WOUZ-FM 90.1 Zanesville broadcast the same programs throughout southeastern Ohio. Separate public radio programming is also heard in Athens on WOUB AM 1340. ACRN ("The Rock Lobster"), founded in 1971, is an Internet radio-only station and the university's only student-run radio station. Ohio University has an amateur radio (also known as ham radio) club, the Ohio University Amateur Radio Club, call sign W8PZS, that operates out of Stocker Center. The New Political is a web publication with the latest news on campus and state politics. Thread Magazine is the fashion quarterly and Backdrop is the campus periodical about pop culture; both are written by undergraduates. OHIO Today is the official university magazine for alumni and friends, and OHIO Women is its female-reader digest. The university also publishes the OHIO News page, the institution's official online news and information resource. OHIO Forum is the official online publication of the College of Arts & Sciences. OIT (Ohio Information Technology) is the university tech depot and help desk, responsible for a wide range of duties from CatMail (campus email) to hosting official websites.

Athletics
Ohio University sports began in 1894 with an 8–0 loss to Marietta College in football. The university competes in the major National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division I level and is a charter member of the Mid-American Conference (MAC), established in 1946, and remains the sole charter member competing in the conference. University intercollegiate athletics include six men's squads and eight women's squads. At the national level, Ohio University defeated 4th-seeded Michigan in the 2012 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament. They followed up that with a 62–56 win over 12th-seeded South Florida, reaching the Sweet Sixteen for the first time since 1964. All university sporting events are open to students at no additional charge. Ohio's men's and women's athletics teams compete under the official colors of hunter green and white. The school mascot is Rufus the Bobcat, and a life-sized sculpture of a bobcat stands poised at the entrance to Peden Stadium.

Basketball

The 13,080-seat Convocation Center serves as home to the university's men's and women's basketball teams, as well as women's volleyball teams.

The first Ohio basketball game occurred in 1907 when the Bobcats defeated the Parkersburg YMCA 46–9. Since that day, Ohio has posted a .571 winning percentage over their 100-year history and a .566 winning percentage in their 65 years in the Mid-American Conference. The Bobcats have won 7 Mid-American Conference tournament titles in 1983, 1985, 1994, 2005, 2010, 2012, and 2021; as well as 10 MAC regular-season titles in 1960, 1961, 1964, 1965, 1970, 1972, 1974, 1985, 1994, and 2013. In addition, Ohio has played in the NCAA tournament 14 times, appearing in 1960, 1961, 1964, 1965, 1970, 1972, 1974, 1983, 1985, 1994, 2005, 2010, 2012, and 2021. The Bobcats have been selected for the National Invitation Tournament 5 times in 1941 (runner-up), 1969, 1986, 1995, and 2013, while also appearing in the College Basketball Invitational in 2008 and 2016, they made 2 appearances in the CollegeInsider.com Postseason Tournament in 2011 and 2014. Prior to joining the MAC, the 'Cats won an Ohio Athletic Conference title in 1921 and three Buckeye Athletic Association championships in 1931, 1933, and 1937. As a result of the storied tradition of Ohio Bobcats basketball, the program was recently ranked 86th in Street & Smith's 100 Greatest Basketball Programs of All Time, published in 2005.

The team has won three MAC Tournaments (1986, 1995, 2015) since beginning play in 1973 and starting MAC play in 1982. They have reached the NCAA Tournament in those three championship years. They have four MAC conferences (1986, 1995, 2015, 2016) and four-division championships (2015, 2016, 2019, 2020).The women's team was the first team to win 30 games during the 2018-19 season going 30-6 losing in the quarterfinals of the 2019 WNIT.

Football

Ohio Bobcats football began in 1894 with an 8–0 loss to Marietta College. They most recently triumphed over the Georgia Southern Eagles with a score of 41–21 in the Myrtle Beach Bowl in 2023; another impressive win to come in 2023 was over Iowa State University of the Big 12 Athletic Conference. Since 1894, the Bobcats have posted a 584–580–65 (.502) record and a 252–248–12 record in the Mid-American Conference. Peden Stadium, built in 1929, is the oldest football venue in the MAC and among the oldest in the nation. Located on the south of Ohio University's campus in Athens, the venue has a seating capacity of 27,000, with the addition of the Sook Student Center at south end of the stadium. At the suggestion of alumnus Michael Massa, Peden Stadium was designated an Official Ohio Historical site in 2010. Many recent renovation and expansion efforts have allowed the stadium to keep pace with the ever-changing landscape of college football stadiums. As such, Peden Stadium is nicknamed "The Wrigley Field of College Football". The stadium brought its largest crowd on September 8, 2012, when 25,893 fans were in attendance to watch the Bobcats decisively beat the New Mexico State Aggies by a score of 51–24. This mark overtook the previous record set on September 5, 2009, when 24,617 fans were in attendance to watch the Bobcats drop a 23–16 decision to the Connecticut Huskies. The Bobcats have won five MAC Football championships in 1953, 1960, 1963, 1967, and 1968, and MAC East Division championships in 2006, 2009, and 2011. Prior to joining the MAC, the Bobcats won six Buckeye Athletic Association championships in 1929, 1930, 1931, 1935, 1936, and 1938. In 1960, the Bobcats were crowned National Small College Champions after compiling a 10–0 record under Coach Bill Hess. The Bobcats have appeared in several bowl games, losing 15–14 to West Texas State in the 1962 Sun Bowl, losing 49–42 to Richmond in the 1968 Tangerine Bowl, falling 28–7 to Southern Mississippi in the 2007 GMAC Bowl, losing 21–17 to Marshall in the 2009 Little Caesars Pizza Bowl, and losing to Troy in the 2010 New Orleans Bowl, 48–21, before finally winning a bowl game in the 2011 Famous Idaho Potato Bowl against Utah State, 24–23. The bobcats took down the Wyoming Cowboys in the Barstool Sports Arizona Bowl 30–27 in overtime.

Club sports
There are 36 active club sports programs at Ohio, run out of the Department of Campus Recreation. Club sports include sports for all genders, including co-ed sports.

Law enforcement
Like many universities in Ohio, Ohio University maintains its own police department. Operating out of 118 Ridges Circle (the Ridges, Building 13, first floor), the Ohio University Police Department (OUPD) is a fully-fledged, independent law enforcement agency with 31 sworn officers, 5 dispatchers, and 2 administrative support personnel. It has patrol and investigative divisions, two explosive detective canine teams, a SWAT team, and are members of the Athens-Hocking-Fairfield Major Crimes Unit. OUPD was certified with the Ohio Collaborative on January 27, 2017.

Alumni
Ohio University has over 300,000 living alumni. Presidents of countries, Nobel Prize winners, senators, Pulitzer Prize winners, generals and astronauts are counted among its ranks. Among these distinguished alumni are Worldwalker Steve Newman; Loring Miner, who discovered the Spanish flu; Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, recipient of the 2009 Nobel Prize in Chemistry and president of the Royal Society; George Voinovich, former Ohio governor and U.S. senator for Ohio; and Thomas Ewing, first graduate of Ohio University, the first Secretary of the Interior, a U.S. senator for Ohio and Secretary of the Treasury under U.S. President William Henry Harrison. Eighty-four Scripps College of Communication alumni have won or contributed to Pulitzer Prizes.

title: Ohio University


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Tōyō, Kōchi

Tōyō (東洋町) is a town located in Aki District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. , the town had an estimated population of 2,226 in 1363 households and a population density of 30 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 74.06 sqkm.

Geography
Tōyō is located in northeastern tip of Kōchi Prefecture on the island of Shikoku. It is situated on a mountainous area of the ria coast of the Pacific Ocean, with the main urban area being strip of hamlets along the coastal highway. Much of the town is within the borders of the Muroto-Anan Kaigan Quasi-National Park.

Neighbouring municipalities
Kōchi Prefecture Tokushima Prefecture
 * Muroto
 * Kitagawa
 * Kaiyō

Climate
Tōyō has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa) with hot summers and cool winters. Precipitation is high, but there is a pronounced difference between the wetter summers and drier winters.

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Tōyō has decreased rapidly since the 1960s.

History
As with all of Kōchi Prefecture, the area of Tōyō was part of ancient Tosa Province. The name of Aki District appears in Nara period. During the Edo period, the area was part of the holdings of Tosa Domain ruled by the Yamauchi clan from their seat at Kōchi Castle. The villages of Kannoura (甲浦村) and None (野根村) were established with the creation of the modern municipalities system on October 1, 1889. Kannoura was raised to town status on April 1, 1916, followed by None on February 11, 1938. The two towns merged on July 1, 1959 to form the town of Tōyō.

In 2007, Yasuoki Tashima, the former mayor of the town, brought national and worldwide attention when he applied to host Japan's high level nuclear waste repository in Tōyō without the knowledge or approval of the town assembly. The plan was met with resistance from the town council, the governors of both and Kōchi and Tokushima Prefecture, as well as outrage by local residents. He lost a subsequent election and resigned.

Government
Tōyō has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral town council of nine members. Tōyō, together with the city of Muroto, contributes one member to the Kōchi Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the town is part of Kōchi 1st district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy
In addition to the commercial fishery industry, Tōyō's economy is centered on forestry and fruit tree cultivation. In the past, bonito fishing and whaling were important, but now the main fishing industry is coastal fishing. The upper reaches of the None River are rainy areas and are noted for wood production.

Education
Tōyō has two public elementary schools and two public middle schools operated by the town government. The town does not have a high school.

Railway
The Asa Kaigan Railway's Asatō Line passed through the town, but its terminus, Kannoura Station closed in 2020 when the line was covert from rail to Dual-mode vehicle operations.

Local attractions

 * Muroto-Anan Kaigan Quasi-National Park

title: Tōyō, Kōchi


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Nahari, Kōchi

Nahari (奈半利町) is a town located in Aki District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. , the town had an estimated population of 3,058 in 1665 households and a population density of 110 persons per km². The total area of the town is 28.36 sqkm.

Geography
Nahari is located in southeastern Kōchi Prefecture on the island of Shikoku, with a coastline the Pacific Ocean to the southwest.

Neighbouring municipalities
Kōchi Prefecture
 * Muroto
 * Tano
 * Kitagawa

Climate
Nahari has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light snowfall. The average annual temperature in Nahari is 16.2 °C. The average annual rainfall is 2541 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.5 °C, and lowest in January, at around 6.7 °C.

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Nahari has decreased steadily since the 1960s.

History
As with all of Kōchi Prefecture, the area of Nahari was part of ancient Tosa Province. The name of Aki District appears in Nara period. During the Edo period, the area was part of the holdings of Tosa Domain ruled by the Yamauchi clan from their seat at Kōchi Castle. The village of Nahari was established with the creation of the modern municipalities system on October 1, 1889. It was raised to town status on May 1, 1916.

Government
Nahari has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral town council of ten members. Nahari, together with the other municipalities of Aki District, contributes one member to the Kōchi Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the town is part of Kōchi 1st district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy
Nahari's economy is centered on commercial fishing, horticulture, and small ship repair.

Education
Nahari has one public elementary school and one public middle school operated by the town government. The town does not have a high school. The town also had the Karyogo Elementary School, but it closed its doors as a school on March 27, 2022.

Railway
Tosa Kuroshio Railway - Asa Line
 * Nahari

title: Nahari, Kōchi


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Tano, Kōchi

Tano (田野町) is a town located in Aki District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. , the town had an estimated population of 2,530 in 1309 households and a population density of 391 persons per km². The total area of the town is 6.53 sqkm. Over 1000 of the residents are over the age of 65. Tano is the smallest town by area on the island of Shikoku, and it is second in population density in Kōchi Prefecture, following Kōchi City.

Geography
Tano is located in southeastern Kōchi Prefecture on the island of Shikoku, with a coastline the Pacific Ocean to the south.

Neighbouring municipalities
Kōchi Prefecture
 * Nahari
 * Yasuda
 * Kitagawa

Climate
Tano has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light snowfall.

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Tano has decreased steadily since the 1960s, and is now less than it was a century ago.

History
As with all of Kōchi Prefecture, the area of Tano was part of ancient Tosa Province. The name of Aki District appears in Nara period. During the Heian period, Takada Hokkyo, a noble of the imperial court established a shōen landed estate at Tano. During the Edo period, the area was part of the holdings of Tosa Domain ruled by the Yamauchi clan from their seat at Kōchi Castle. The area was part of a maritime transportation hub, especially for the shipment of lumber, which was a major revenue source for Tosa Domain. During the Bakumatsu period, 23 samurai were executed on September 5, 1864, on the bank of the Nahari River for petitioning for the release of Takechi Hanpeita.The village of Tano was established with the creation of the modern municipalities system on October 1, 1889. It was raised to town status on May 1, 1920.

Government
Tano has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral town council of eight members. Tano, together with the other municipalities of Aki District, contributes one member to the Kōchi Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the town is part of Kōchi 1st district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy
Tano's economy is centered on commercial fishing, agriculture, and small-scale food processing.

Education
Tano has one public elementary school and one public middle school operated by the town government and one public high school operated by the Kōchi Prefectural Board of Education.

Railway
Tosa Kuroshio Railway - Asa Line
 * Tano

Local attractions
A salt making facility that uses only solar and wind power to create salt, including salt that is infused with various ingredients to make specialty flavors. A Hachiman shrine that was established during the 7th year of the Kan'ei era (1631), and utilizes an overpass bridge that was part of the Yanase railroad as the shrines entranceway. Remains of a plank road that was used to transport lumber via the Yanase railroad, which is part of a series of railroad remains throughout the Chugei region. The former residence of the Oka family, the wealthiest of a group of merchants in Tano that specialized in trade and transport throughout the Chugei region. The gravesite of the Twenty-Three samurai two supported Takechi Hanpeita and the Tosa Kinnō-tō (Tosa Imperial Loyalist Party) Former residence of the 17th Prime Minister of Japan.
 * Tano Cho Total Sun Dried Salt Making Experience Facility
 * Hachiman Shrine and Overpass Road
 * Tateoka No. 2 Plank Road
 * Oka Palace Residence
 * Grave of the Twenty-Three Samurai
 * Former Residence of Osachi Hamaguchi

title: Tano, Kōchi


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Yasuda, Kōchi

Yasuda (安田町) is a town located in Aki District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. , the town had an estimated population of 2,455 in 1244 households and a population density of 47 persons per km². The total area of the town is 52.36 sqkm.

Geography
Yasuda is located in southeastern Kōchi Prefecture on the island of Shikoku. The town area is generally along the valley in the middle and lower reaches of the Yasuda River, and extends back to Umaji Village. It faces Tosa Bay in the south. Forests occupy about 80% of the town.

Neighbouring municipalities
Kōchi Prefecture
 * Aki
 * Tano
 * Kitagawa
 * Umaji

Climate
Yasuda has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light snowfall.

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Yasuda has been decreased steadily since the 1960s.

History
As with all of Kōchi Prefecture, the area of Yasuda was part of ancient Tosa Province. The name of Aki District appears in Nara period. During the Edo period, the area was part of the holdings of Tosa Domain ruled by the Yamauchi clan from their seat at Kōchi Castle. The village of Yasuda was established with the creation of the modern municipalities system on October 1, 1889. It was raised to town status on February 11, 1925.

Government
Yasuda has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral town council of five members. Yasuda, together with the other municipalities of Aki District, contributes one member to the Kōchi Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the town is part of Kōchi 1st district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy
Yasuda's economy is centered on Polytunnel agriculture and commercial fishing, notable for Ayu, for which the town is famous. There are two local sake brewers located in Yasuda: Minami Shuzou (Tamanoi 玉の井) and Tosatsuru (土佐鶴).

Education
Yasuda has one public elementary school and one public middle school operated by the town government. The town does not have a high school.

Railway
Tosa Kuroshio Railway - Asa Line
 * Tonohama - Yasuda

Sister city relations

 * 🇪🇸 - Montefrío, Spain, sister city since February 2018.

Local attractions

 * Kōnomine-ji, 24th temple on the Shikoku Pilgrimage
 * Kōnomine Jinja

title: Yasuda, Kōchi


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Baptist Peace Fellowship of North America

The Baptist Peace Fellowship of North America-Bautistas por la Paz (BPFNA-Bautistas por la Paz) is a Baptist Christian denomination. The headquarters is in Charlotte, North Carolina.

History
The Convention has its origins in the establishment of the Baptist Pacifist Fellowship by a group of the American Baptist Churches USA in 1939. It was officially founded in 1984. According to a denomination census released in 2020, it claimed 77 churches.

Most members of BPFNA-Bautistas por la Paz are located in one of the four member nations of the organization (Canada, Mexico, Puerto Rico and the United States) however anyone around the world committed to the work of peace and justice can join. The BPFNA-Bautistas por la Paz membership is composed of individuals and organizations with the latter being mostly churches. Some churches choose to get involved at a deeper level and are considered to be partner congregations of the organization.

BPFNA-Bautistas por la Paz is a faith-based partner of Equal Exchange through the Baptist Fair Trade Project.

Beliefs
It seeks to gather, equip and mobilize peacemakers of faith across North America and beyond to engage in the work of peace rooted in justice. BPFNA-Bautistas por la Paz provides resources and tools on a variety of social justice issues such as racial justice, justice for migrants and refugees, climate/environmental justice, justice for indigenous and native peoples and LGBTQ+ liberation to name a few. The organization also has several small grant programs to help fund local and global peacemaking initiatives.

Baptist Peacemaker
Baptist Peacemaker is a quarterly publication by BPFNA-Bautistas por la Paz focusing on the work of peacemakers in the BPFNA-Bautistas por la Paz network.

Annual Summer Conference
BPFNA-Bautistas por la Paz holds a Summer Conference (also known affectionately as "Peace Camp") each year. Each gathering focuses on a different theme and changes location within the BPFNA-Bautistas por la Paz member nations, usually held on a university campus. In 2019, however, the Summer Conference was held in conjunction with the 6th Global Baptist Peace Conference in Cali, Colombia.


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Kitagawa, Kōchi

Kitagawa (北川村) is a village located in Aki District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. , the village had an estimated population of 1,228 in 612 households and a population density of 6.2 persons per km2. The total area of the village is 196.73 sqkm.

Geography
Kitagawa is located in northeastern Kōchi Prefecture on the island of Shikoku. It is situated on a mountainous area.

Neighbouring municipalities
Kōchi Prefecture Tokushima Prefecture
 * Muroto
 * Tōyō
 * Nahari
 * Tano
 * Tasuda
 * Umaji
 * Kaiyō

Climate
Kitagawa has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light snowfall. The average annual temperature in Kitagawa is 14.3 °C. The average annual rainfall is 2543 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 24.1 °C, and lowest in January, at around 4.3 °C.

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Kitagawa peaked around 1960 and decreased precipitously in the following decade. The population has continued to gradually decline since then.

History
As with all of Kōchi Prefecture, the area of Kitagawa was part of ancient Tosa Province. The name of Aki District appears in Nara period. During the Edo period, the area was part of the holdings of Tosa Domain ruled by the Yamauchi clan from their seat at Kōchi Castle. The village of Kitagawa was established with the creation of the modern municipalities system on October 1, 1889.

Government
Kitagawa has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral village council of eight members. Kitagawa, together with the other municipalities of Aki District, contributes one member to the Kōchi Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the village is part of Kōchi 1st district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy
Kitagawa's economy is centered on forestry and citrus fruit tree cultivation (yuzu).

Education
Kitagawa has one public elementary school and one public middle school operated by the village government. The village does not have a high school.

Railway
The village does not have any passenger railway service. The nearest train station is Nahari Station on the Tosa Kuroshio Railway.

Local attractions

 * Yanase Dam
 * Kitagawa Monet Marmottan Water Garden

Noted people from Kitagawa

 * Nakaoka Shintarō, Bakumatsu period samurai

title: Kitagawa, Kōchi


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Umaji, Kōchi

Umaji (馬路村) is the second smallest village in Kōchi Prefecture, located in Aki District, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. , the village had an estimated population of 834 in 424 households and a population density of 5.0 persons per km2. The total area of the village is 39.60 sqkm. Umaji has been branded as one of the most beautiful villages in Japan.

Geography
Umaji is located in a mountainous region in northeastern Kōchi Prefecture on the island of Shikoku. The Yasuda River flows through the village, which is divided into the Umaji area and the Yanase area. Road traffic between the two areas must go through the town of Kitagawa. Approximately 96% of the village is covered by forests, 75% of which are protected by the government. Major mountains include Mount Eboshi (1,320m) and Jinkichimori (1,423m).

Neighboring municipalities
Kōchi Prefecture Tokushima Prefecture
 * Aki
 * Yasuda
 * Kitagawa
 * Tano
 * Naka
 * Kaiyō

Climate
Umaji has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light snowfall. The average annual temperature in Umaji is 13.5 °C. The average annual rainfall is 2573 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in January at around 23.6 °C, and lowest in January, at around 3.6 °C.

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Umaji has decreased steadily since the 1960s.

History
As with all of Kōchi Prefecture, the area of Umaji was part of ancient Tosa Province. The name of Aki District appears in Nara period records. During the Edo period, the area was part of the holdings of Tosa Domain ruled by the Yamauchi clan from their seat at Kōchi Castle. The village of Umaji was established with the creation of the modern municipalities system on October 1, 1889. The village has been on the verge of merging with nearby municipalities, but it has retained a strong sense of independence.

Government
Umaji has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral village council of eight members. Umaji, together with the other municipalities of Aki District, contributes one member to the Kōchi Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the village is part of Kōchi 1st district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

Economy
The local economy is centered on forestry and related wood-processing industries, as well as horticulture. Yanase sugi has been famous for hundreds of years. In the Edo period, it was designated as a protected asset by Tosa Domain. It became the prefectural tree, and is used for architecture and sculpting. Beginning in the 1960s, Umaji has been a hub for the production of yuzu. Whilst other areas have merged to make farming cooperatives, Umaji village seeks to remain independent, branding the village itself as a product.

Umaji's main yuzu products are its yuzu ponzu range and its successful yuzu drink, "Gokkun Umajimura". Its yuzu products have become a national brand, appearing in several TV commercials over the years.

Education
Umaji has two public combined elementary/middle schools operated by the village government. The village does not have a high school.

Railway
Umaji has no passenger railway service. The nearest station is Yasuda Station on the Tosa Kuroshio Railway in the neighboring town of Yasuda, about 30 minutes away by car.

Highway
Umaji is not on any national highway or expressway.

Local attractions
As well as two hot springs and several campsites, Umaji has a forest train, craft workshops, a village tour and other tourist activities.

Notable Temples

 * Konrinji (金林寺) The Yaskushi hall is designated as an important cultural property.

Notable Shrines

 * Kumano Shrine (熊野神社) Designated as a prefectural tangible cultural property.
 * Yanase Kumano Shrine

Parks

 * Yanase Prefectural Nature Park (魚梁瀬県立自然公園)
 * Maruyama Park (Yanase Hot Springs, Forest Railway, Cherry Blossoms)
 * Yanase Big Bridge (Yanase Dam)

Nature

 * Nishigawa Ravine (西川渓谷)
 * Higashigawa Ravine (東川渓谷)
 * Mount Senbon (千本山) (Home to one of the 100 Forest Giants)

Festivals and Special Events

 * Yuzu Hajimaru Festival (First Sunday of November)
 * Yanase Sakura Festival (Beginning of April)
 * FESTIVAL Yanase (Mid-July)
 * Onsen Festival (August 15)
 * Umaji Oshidori Marathon (Beginning of October)
 * Kumano Shrine Festival (Yanase: Mid October, Umaji: First weekend of December)

Special Products

 * Yuzu and yuzu products (yuzu juice 'Gokkun Umajimura', ponzu soy sauce 'Yuzu no Mura', etc.)
 * Shiitake mushrooms
 * Inakazushi (sushi made with yuzu sushi vinegar and mountain vegetables)
 * Yanase cedar (for architecture and sculpting)

title: Umaji, Kōchi