text:
Talk:Taos Pueblo

Blue Lake
Need more about history and about the recovery of Blue Lake.
 * I added a book reference and info about an additional transfer of land near Blue Lake Lnmyshkin (talk) 15:13, 19 July 2008 (UTC)

Images?
An anonymous editor added the composite photo in the are pink

It's attractive, but none of the individual photos are captioned, so it's not really encyclopedic as it stands. Plus the composite is a bit busy and repetitious. And this is already an image-heavy article.

I can probably caption most of the pix in the composite when I have time, but this one needs to be incorporated with the other photos, if we decide to keep it. So the image presentation of the article needs some thought -- and pruning. Pete Tillman (talk) 19:53, 18 April 2018 (UTC)

 * I've pruned down the gallery, and added a note to try to keep it from getting bigger. When I have time, I'll make a Taos Pueblo gallery at Commons, for other photos & images --Pete Tillman (talk) 21:11, 28 April 2009 (UTC)

LIKE THE INDIANS
The anastazi are the ansectors of the native american tribe the taos pueblo indians —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.95.45.241 (talk) 22:26, 13 March 2010 (UTC)

As a member the Taos Pueblo Tribe. I feel that it is wrong to state that we practice the Native American church because WE DO NOT PRACTICE NATIVE AMERICAN CHURCH! that is the Navajo and Apache tribes! NOT US! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.160.57.17 (talk) 00:15, 11 November 2012 (UTC)
 * The Taos Pueblo web site says "ancient Indian religious rites" are still practiced. — howcheng  {chat} 20:49, 10 December 2012 (UTC)

 * Which are indeed not the same as the Native American Church, which is a peyote practice. I will attempt to correct the article. Yworo (talk) 22:03, 10 December 2012 (UTC)

File:Ansel Adams - National Archives 79-AA-Q01 restored.jpg to appear as POTD soon
Hello! This is a note to let the editors of this article know that File:Ansel Adams - National Archives 79-AA-Q01 restored.jpg will be appearing as picture of the day on December 12, 2012. You can view and edit the POTD blurb at Template:POTD/2012-12-12. If this article needs any attention or maintenance, it would be preferable if that could be done before its appearance on the Main Page so Wikipedia doesn't look bad. :) Thanks! — howcheng  {chat} 20:49, 10 December 2012 (UTC)

Confusing
Article has a clear conflict when stating the age of the Taos Pueblo. First it states is is 1000 years old (and the oldest continual inhabited community in US---which it is not; Oraibi on Hopi REservation is). Then, it states the Tiwa people migrated to Taos in 13th century and built the pueblo. That would be 1200 AD (CE) and would make the pueblo circa 800 years old. Feel the article needs to take care of the conflict and add correct facts. If Tiwa people state it is 1000years old in their oral tradition, then the article needs to state so...

Would be best to state that the Tiwa People or Taos People participate in two religions -- Catholicism and their traditional Taos Religions simotaneously. Also, if only 90 percent are baptized Catholic, what religion do the other 10 per cent practice? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.41.0.38 (talk) 21:56, 21 July 2013 (UTC)

Water
The river running through the pueblo serves as the primary source for drinking and cooking water for the residents of the village. In the winter, the river never completely freezes although it does form a heavy layer of ice. Because the river moves so swiftly, the ice can be broken to obtain the fresh water beneath.
 * It is not referenced and anyway I have spent too much time at the water machines at nearby Cids and Smiths discussing water with Pueblo residents to know that the stream is not the "primary source for drinking and cooking water" any more. I am happy to be corrected by editors with deeper insights. Einar aka Carptrash (talk) 14:25, 19 August 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120819221259/http://www.indianpueblo.org/19pueblos/taos.html to http://www.indianpueblo.org/19pueblos/taos.html

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Culture Addition
Hi everyone,

I am planning on adding a paragraph to the culture section of this article in order to better explain on the subject on the involvement of gender roles in the Taos Pueblo culture, values, and traditions. Please let me know of any suggestions you have on what should be included in the paragraph.

Thanks,

Anthrostudent125 June 24, 2019

Tiwa language
Has Tiwa been preserved? 8.10.181.146 (talk) 14:18, 20 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Taos Pueblo


text:
Herzen

Herzen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 * Alexander Herzen (1812–1870), writer
 * Édouard Herzen (1877–1936), chemist
 * Jana Herzen, singer

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Herzen


text:
Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico

Cabo Rojo is a city and municipality situated on the southwest coast of Puerto Rico and forms part of the San Germán–Cabo Rojo metropolitan area as well as the larger Mayagüez–San Germán–Cabo Rojo Combined Statistical Area.

History
The area near Las Salinas (salt flats) has been inhabited since 30 BC and AD 120 according to archaeological evidence. Punta Ostiones, listed in the National Register of Historic Places as an archeological site, was home to a large group of Archaic Indians.

Despite the threat of pirates and natives, the Spanish settled the area of Los Morrillos around 1511. By 1525, salt mining was an important industry in the area. In 1759 the first request to establish itself as a town was denied. Cabo Rojo was founded on December 17, 1771, by Nicolás Ramírez de Arellano, a descendant of Spanish nobility, with the approval of Governor and Captain General Miguel de Muesas. According to Fray Iñigo Abbad y Lasierra by the end of the 18th century, Cabo Rojo had a population of 1,215 people.

Cabo Rojo (red cape in English) derives its name from both the reddish color of its salt-flats and the reddish tint that characterizes the seaside cliffs along its southern coast. According to legend, the name was given by Christopher Columbus himself. The first church, founded in 1783, was called San José. The present-day main Catholic church is called San Miguel Arcángel Church located in the town's square.

Puerto Rico was ceded by Spain in the aftermath of the Spanish–American War under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1898 and became an unincorporated territory of the United States. On October 18, 1898, formal possession of the island was assumed and the American flag raised over the fortifications from which the emblem of Spain had flown for nearly four centuries.

Hurricane Maria struck Puerto Rico on September 20, 2017, causing large-scale damage and destruction to infrastructure. In Cabo Rojo, around 400 homes lost their roof, and three thousand residents were left without drinking water as a result of Hurricane María. The coastal fishing village of Joyuda was the most impacted area of Cabo Rojo.

Geography
The municipality of Cabo Rojo lies on the southern-west corner of the island of Puerto Rico, on the Western Coastal Plains. Sierra Bermeja, Puerto Rico's geologically oldest mountain range, crosses the municipality from west to east towards Lajas. It is bordered by Mayagüez and Hormigueros to the north, San Germán and Lajas to the east, the Caribbean Sea to the south and the Mona Passage to the west. Cabo Rojo has a surface area of 72 square miles (187 km2).

Cabo Rojo's terrain is flat, however, some notable peaks are Mariquita, Buena Vista, Cerro Vargas, and Peñones de Melones.

Barrios
Like all municipalities of Puerto Rico, Cabo Rojo is subdivided into barrios. The municipal buildings, central square and large Catholic church are located in a small barrio referred to as "el pueblo", near the center of the municipality. Cabo Rojo is a principal municipality of the San Germán–Cabo Rojo metropolitan area as well as the larger Mayagüez–San Germán–Cabo Rojo Combined Statistical Area.

 * 1) Bajura
 * 2) Boquerón
 * 3) Cabo Rojo barrio-pueblo
 * 4) Guanajibo
 * 5) Llanos Costa
 * 6) Llanos Tuna
 * 7) Miradero
 * 8) Monte Grande
 * 9) Pedernales

People from the El Combate community in barrio Boquerón are known as mata con hacha ("those who kill with axes") based on an old folk tale about a fight over the salinas, where those from Cabo Rojo fought with axes against people from the adjacent town of Lajas. The latter apparently fought back by throwing stones and are thus known as tira piedras ("those who throw stones").

Sectors
Barrios (which are like minor civil divisions) and subbarrios, are further subdivided into smaller areas called sectores (sectors in English). The types of sectores may vary, from normally sector to urbanización to reparto to barriada to residencial, among others.

Special Communities
Comunidades Especiales de Puerto Rico (Special Communities of Puerto Rico) are marginalized communities whose citizens are experiencing a certain amount of social exclusion. A map shows these communities occur in nearly every municipality of the commonwealth. Of the 742 places that were on the list in 2014, the following barrios, communities, sectors, or neighborhoods were in Cabo Rojo: Ballajá, Colacho, El Fuego y Las Piedras (Guaniquilla), Hoyo Bravo, Las Quebradas en Monte Grande, Pedernales, Puerto Real, and Sector Corozo.

Demographics
In 1899, the United States Department of War conducted a census of Puerto Rico finding that the population of Cabo Rojo was 16,154.

Tourism
There are 127 beaches in Cabo Rojo, including Playa Sucia.

Its tourism industry has flourished with the development of hotels and marinas, but local and international environmentalists are concerned that this development will endanger Cabo Rojo's rich and beautiful beaches, sunsets and natural resources. Cabo Rojo is also well known for its fishing, particularly the Puerto Real fishing village, and its many seafood restaurants, most of which are found in the fishing village of Joyuda.

Landmarks and places of interest
The San Miguel Arcángel Church, in the main town square, was built between 1773 and 1783. The famous Cabo Rojo lighthouse, Los Morrillos Lighthouse, known by locals as El Faro, was built in 1881 over limestone cliffs that rise 200 feet above sea level. This old lighthouse was automated and electrically charged in 1967 and is considered to have some, if not, the most spectacular ocean views on Puerto Rico's west coast. The lighthouse has undergone recent renovations which has created controversy because of the quality of the work. According to locals and scholars, the internal structure was gutted leaving nothing of historical significance behind. The lighthouse is located near the Salinas, or salt mines. These salt mines are reported to be the oldest industry in the New World. Salt has been mined in this site non-stop since the time of the Taínos. Near the Salinas, a local civic group Caborrojeños Pro Salud y Ambiente run a visitor center known as the Centro Interpretativo Las Salinas De Cabo Rojo don Efrén Pérez Rivera. They offer free guided tours of the local area, which is rich in flora and fauna.

 * Teatro Excelsior which was built in 1871
 * Boquerón Beach
 * Cofresí Cave
 * El Combate Beach
 * Joyuda Beach
 * Joyuda Lagoon
 * Club Deportivo del Oeste
 * Nautical Club
 * Punta Arenas Beach
 * Puerta Real Beach
 * Isla de Ratones
 * Buyé Beach
 * The Lighthouse (El Faro) Beach
 * La Playuela in Los Morrillos (El Faro)
 * Guaniquilla Lagoon
 * Quebrada Los Chorros

To stimulate local tourism during the COVID-19 pandemic in Puerto Rico, the Puerto Rico Tourism Company launched the Voy Turistiendo (I'm Touring) campaign in 2021. The campaign featured a passport book with a page for each municipality. The Voy Turisteando Cabo Rojo passport page lists Faro Los Morrillos, Puente de Piedra, Centro Interpretativo Las Salinas, Hacienda Verde Tahiti (for agritourism), and several beaches including Playuela, Buyé, El Combate, and Boquerón, as places of interest.

National protected areas

 * The Cabo Rojo National Wildlife Refuge is home for a number of native bird species including the endangered yellow-shouldered blackbird also known as la mariquita de Puerto Rico or capitán.
 * The Boquerón State Forest is one of seven state forests managed by the Puerto Rico Department of Natural and Environmental Resources.

Festivals and events
Cabo Rojo celebrates its patron saint festival in September. The Fiestas Patronales de San Miguel Arcangel is a religious and cultural celebration that generally features parades, games, artisans, amusement rides, regional food, and live entertainment. The festival has featured live performances by well-known artists such as El Gran Combo de Puerto Rico, Plena Libre, Kany García, and Cano Estremera.

Other festivals and events celebrated in Cabo Rojo include:
 * Pescao Festival – March
 * Años Cuarenta Festival – April
 * Chigüero Festival – April
 * Betances Festival – April
 * Oyster Festival – May
 * Boquerón Bay Crossing – July
 * Watermelon Festival – July
 * Retorno a la Arena – July
 * La Pileta Festival – December
 * Le Lo Lai Festival – December

Sports
Cabo Rojo had a BSN basketball team, Los Turistas de Cabo Rojo (the "Cabo Rojo Tourists") from 1989 to 1993.

Indias de Mayagüez, female Volleyball team from Liga de Voleibol Superior Femenino played the 2009 season at the Coliseo Rebekah Colberg Cabrera, because their home ground, Palacios de los Deportes, was under remodeling.

Government
All municipalities in Puerto Rico are administered by a mayor, elected every four years. The current mayor of Cabo Rojo is Jorge Morales Wiscovitch, who beat incumbent Bobby Ramírez Kurtz at the 2020 general election.

The city belongs to the Puerto Rico Senatorial district IV, which is represented by two Senators, and the Puerto Rico Representative District 20, which has one representative. In 2020, Ada García Montes and Migdalia González were elected as District Senators, while Kebin Andrés Maldonado Martiz was elected the District Representative.

Symbols
The municipio has an official flag and coat of arms.

Flag
The flag contains elements of the coat of arms, excluding the sword, the anchors and the crown.

Coat of arms
The point or red triangle symbolizes the "Cabo Bermejo" (Vermillion Cape) in Los Morrillos. The blue and white, with the anchors, represent the sea that "bathes our coasts". The flaming sword, is an attribute to Archangel Saint Michael, the town's patron saint. Finally, the crown, which heightens and distinguishes the shield, stands for the status of Cabo Rojo.

Anthem
The anthem of Cabo Rojo is a composition with music and lyrics by Carlos Weber Asencio.

Transportation
Although Cabo Rojo lacks an airport, it is approximately 11 miles from the Eugenio María de Hostos Airport (MAZ) in Mayagüez, a commercial airport that serves direct flights to and from San Juan. Cabo Rojo has grown tremendously in the last few years as evidenced by its accreditation as a city. Cabo Rojo's nearest airport servicing international destinations is forty-five minutes away in Aguadilla's Rafael Hernández Airport (BQN). This airport was part of the now deactivated Ramey Air Force Base.

PR-100 is the main highway in the city, connecting northward to PR-2 between Hormigueros and Mayagüez, and southward to the Boquerón sector. Other mayor roads include PR-101, which connects to Lajas, PR-102, connecting to Mayagüez and San Germán, PR-103, an older road which parallels the newer PR-100, and PR-301, connecting to El Combate sector and the Los Morrillos Lighthouse.

There are 20 bridges in Cabo Rojo.

Notable people

The following is a list of notable Caborrojeños:
 * Antonio Fas Alzamora is the longest serving member of the Puerto Rico Legislative Assembly.
 * Ramón Emeterio Betances y Alacán (1827–1898) was a nationalist and a medical doctor. He was the primary instigator of the Grito de Lares revolution and, as such, is considered to be the father of the Puerto Rican independence movement and, as well, the Father of the Country.
 * Salvador Brau y Asencio (1842–1912) was a journalist, poet, writer and also a historian.
 * Roberto Cofresí y Ramírez de Arellano (1791–1825), better known as "El Pirata Cofresí", was a pirate.
 * Elisa Colberg (1903–1988) was the founder of the Puerto Rican Girl Scouts, the first troop of which formed in 1926 in Cabo Rojo.
 * Dra. Rebekah Colberg (1918–1985), is known as "The Mother of Women's Sports in Puerto Rico".
 * Ramón López Irizarry (1897–1982) was an educator and scientist who invented an easier way to extract the cream from the coconut pulp and developed the original formula of "Coco Lopez"
 * Demensio Rivera (1932–1967) was a United States Army veteran of the Korean War who was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross; and whose award was upgraded in 2014, decades after his death, to the Medal of Honor.
 * Efrén Pérez Rivera is a former college professor and noted Puerto Rican environmentalist leader.
 * Colonel Carlos Betances Ramírez (1910–2001), was the only Puerto Rican to command a Battalion in the Korean War.

title: Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico


text:
Cynewulf

Cynewulf (, ; also spelled Cynwulf or Kynewulf) is one of twelve Old English poets known by name, and one of four whose work is known to survive today. He presumably flourished in the 9th century, with possible dates extending into the late 8th and early 10th centuries.

Cynewulf is a well attested Anglo-Saxon given name literally meaning cyne (royal, of a king) and wulf (wolf).

Known for his religious compositions, Cynewulf is regarded as one of the pre-eminent figures of Anglo-Saxon Christian poetry. Posterity knows of his name by means of runic signatures that are interwoven into the four poems which comprise his scholastically recognized corpus. These poems are: The Fates of the Apostles, Juliana, Elene, and Christ II (also referred to as The Ascension).

The four signed poems of Cynewulf are vast in that they collectively comprise several thousand lines of verse. In comparison, the one work attributed to Cædmon, Cædmon's Hymn, is quite succinct at nine lines.

Dialect
Some basic statements can be made by examining such aspects as the spellings of his name and his verse. Although the Vercelli and Exeter manuscripts were primarily late West Saxon in their scribal translations, it is most probable that Cynewulf wrote in the Anglian dialect and it follows that he resided either in the province of Northumbria or Mercia.

This is shown through linguistic and metrical analysis of his poems, e.g., Elene, where in the poem's epilogue (beginning l.1236) the imperfect rhymes become corrected when Anglian forms of the words are substituted for the West Saxon forms. For instance, the manuscript presents the miht:peaht false rhyme which can be corrected when the middle vowel sounds of both words are replaced with an sound. The new maeht:paeht rhyme shows a typical Anglian smoothing of the $⟨ea⟩$. Numerous other "Anglianisms" in Elene and Juliana have been taken to be indicative of an original Anglian dialect underlying the West Saxon translation of the texts. Any definite conclusion to Cynewulf being either Northumbrian or Mercian has been hard to come by, but linguistic evidence suggests that the medial $⟨e⟩$ in the signed Cynewulf would have, during the broad window period of Cynewulf's existence, been characteristic of a Mercian dialect.

Date
All the evidence considered, no exact deduction of Cynewulf's date is accepted, but it is likely he flourished in the ninth century.

A firm terminus ante quem that can be put on the date of Cynewulf are the dates of the Vercelli and Exeter manuscripts, which are approximately in the second half of the tenth century. Other than that, no certain date can be put on the author, leaving open the full range of Old English literature between the 7th and the early 10th centuries. Any attempt to link the man with a documented historical figure has met failure or resulted in an improbable connection. However, the presence of early West Saxon forms in both manuscripts means that it is possible an Alfredian scribe initially translated Cynewulf's verse, placing him no later than the turn of the tenth century.

A tentative terminus post quem is based on the two textual variations of Cynewulf's name, Cynewulf and Cynwulf. The older spelling of the name was Cyniwulf, and Sisam points out that the $⟨i⟩$ tends to change to an $⟨e⟩$ about the middle of the eighth century, and the general use of the $⟨i⟩$ phases itself out by the end of the century, suggesting Cynewulf cannot be dated much before the year 800. Moreover, it has been argued that the "cult of the cross", which can find ground in Cynewulf's Elene, achieved its cultural apex in the eighth century. Also deserving consideration is the argument that the acrostic was most fashionable in ninth century poetry and Cynewulf's own acrostic signature would have followed the trend during this time.

Identity
Cynewulf was without question a literate and educated man, since there is no other way we can "account for the ripeness which he displays in his poetry". Given the subject matter of his poetry he was likely a man in holy orders, and the deep Christian knowledge conveyed through his verse implies that he was well learned in ecclesiastical and hagiographical literature, as well as the dogma and doctrine of the Catholic Church. His apparent reliance on Latin sources for inspiration also means he knew the Latin language, and this of course would correlate with him being a man of the Church.

Cynewulf of Lindisfarne (d. c. 780) is a plausible candidate for Cynewulf the poet, based on the argument that the poet's elaborate religious pieces must lend themselves to "the scholarship and faith of the professional ecclesiastic speaking with authority", but this conclusion is not universally accepted. Alternative suggestions for the poet's identity include Cynwulf, a Dunwich priest (fl. 803), and Cenwulf, Abbot of Peterborough (d. 1006).

Views on poetry
In his Christ II, Cynewulf wrote:

"Then he who created this world ... honoured us and gave us gifts ... and also sowed and set in the mind of men many kinds of wisdom of heart. One he allows to remember wise poems, sends him a noble understanding, through the spirit of his mouth. The man whose mind has been given the art of wisdom can say and sing all kinds of things."

Likewise, Cynewulf's autobiographical reflection in the epilogue of Elene claims that his own skill in poetry comes directly from God, who "unlocked the art of poesy" within him. Cynewulf seems to have justified his poetic endeavours through a philosophy in which poetry was "associated with wisdom".

Works
Following the studies of S. K. Das (1942) and Claes Schaar (1949), mainstream scholarship tends to limit Cynewulf's canon to the four poems which bear his acrostic mark: the Exeter Book holds Cynewulf's Juliana and Christ II (The Ascension) and the Vercelli Book his Elene and Fates of the Apostles.

Early scholars for a long while assigned a plethora of Old English pieces to Cynewulf on the basis that these pieces somewhat resembled the style of his signed poems. It was at one time plausible to believe that Cynewulf was author of the Riddles of the Exeter Book, the Phoenix, the Andreas, and the Guthlac; even famous unassigned poems such as the Dream of the Rood, the Harrowing of Hell, and the Physiologus have at one time been ascribed to him.

The four poems, like a substantial portion of Anglo-Saxon poetry, are sculpted in alliterative verse. All four poems draw upon Latin sources such as homilies and hagiographies (the lives of saints) for their content, and this is to be particularly contrasted to other Old English poems, e.g. Genesis, Exodus, and Daniel, which are drawn directly from the Bible as opposed to secondary accounts.

In terms of length, Elene is by far the longest poem of Cynewulf's corpus at 1,321 lines. It is followed by Juliana, at 731 lines, Christ II, at 427 lines, and The Fates of the Apostles, at a brisk 122 lines. Three of the poems are martyrolical, in that the central character(s) in each die/suffer for their religious values. In Elene, Saint Helena endures her quest to find the Holy Cross and spread Christianity; in Juliana, the title character dies after she refuses to marry a pagan man, thus retaining her Christian integrity; in Fates of the Apostles, the speaker creates a song that meditates on the deaths of the apostles which they "joyously faced".

Elene and Juliana fit in the category of poems that depict the lives of saints. These two poems along with Andreas and Guthlac (parts A and B) constitute the only versified saints' legends in the Old English vernacular. The Ascension (Christ II) is outside the umbrella of the other three works, and is a vehement description of a devotional subject.

The exact chronology of the poems is not known. One argument asserts that Elene is likely the last of the poems because the autobiographical epilogue implies that Cynewulf is old at the time of composition, but this view has been doubted. Nevertheless, it seems that Christ II and Elene represent the cusp of Cynewulf's career, while Juliana and Fates of the Apostles seem to be created by a less inspired, and perhaps less mature, poet.

Runic signature
All four of Cynewulf's poems contain passages where the letters of the poet's name are woven into the text using runic symbols that also double as meaningful ideas pertinent to the text. In Juliana and Elene, the interwoven name is spelled in the more recognizable form as Cynewulf, while in Fates and Christ II it is observed without the medial e so the runic acrostic says Cynwulf.

"Cynewulf anticipates cryptography, using the letters of his own name to make a poem about the Final Judgment. He says, "C and Y kneel in prayer; N sends up its supplications; E trusts in God; W and U know they will go to Heaven; L and F tremble." And this is written in Runic letters."

The practice of claiming authorship over one's poems was a break from the tradition of the anonymous poet, where no composition was viewed as being owned by its creator. Cynewulf devised a tradition where authorship would connote ownership of the piece and an originality that would be respected by future generations. Furthermore, by integrating his name, Cynewulf was attempting to retain the structure and form of his poetry that would undergo mutations otherwise. From a different perspective, Cynewulf's intent may not have been to claim authorship, but to "seek the prayers of others for the safety of his soul". It is contended that Cynewulf wished to be remembered in the prayers of his audience in return for the pleasure they would derive from his poems. In a sense his expectation of a spiritual reward can be contrasted with the material reward that other poets of his time would have expected for their craft.

General references

 * Bradley, S. A. J, ed. and tr. (1982). Anglo-Saxon Poetry, London: Everyman's Library
 * Cook, Albert S., ed. (1900). The Christ of Cynewulf, New York: Books fr Libraries Press
 * Fulk, R.D. and Christopher M. Cain (2003). A History of Old English Literature, Oxford: Blackwell Publishing
 * Gradon, P. O. E., ed. (1958). Cynewulf's Elene, London: Methuen
 * Greenfield, Stanley B. (1965). A Critical History of Old English Literature, New York: New York University Press
 * Kennedy, Charles W. (1963). Early English Christian Poetry, New York: Oxford University Press
 * Raw, Barabara C. (1978). The Art and Background of Old English Poetry, London: Edward Arnold
 * Stokes, Peter A. (2006). "Cynewulf". The Literary Encyclopedia, The Literary Dictionary Company.
 * Woolf, Rosemary, ed. (1955). Juliana, London: Methuen
 * Zupitza, Julius (1899). Cynewulfs Elene. Berlin: Weidmannsche Buchhandlung.

title: Cynewulf


text:
Talk:Ginger

Inconclusive effects on human health
This review reaches no new conclusions (confirms a possible antiemetic effect) about consuming ginger and human health. As the authors state, the evidence is poor due to low study quality. The source only adds to the conclusion in the Research section that evidence for ginger having any health effect is inconsistent. The statement added with the source by - A 2022 umbrella review published by the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition summarize the scientific findings about ginger - is useless. Zefr (talk) 03:50, 11 November 2022 (UTC)

 * The article in the German Wikipedia says that the German ministry of health recommends it for nausea . This is a well-known fact, but this articles makes everye effort to suppreess it. Here is an e-mail I sent to the Indian Ministry of Commerce: "India is the world's biggest ginger exporter. The English-language Wikipedia article "Ginger" omits the medicinal properties of ginger. People don't know it's useful against nausea and arthritis. I corrected the Wikipedia article once already, but my correction was reverted, presumably by pharmacy companies."  — Preceding unsigned comment added by Banderswipe (talk • contribs) 00:13, 11 December 2022 (UTC)
 * Ministries are not reliable sources for science. --Hob Gadling (talk) 13:38, 4 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Also, see Big pharma conspiracy theories. And Wikipedia articles are not sources for Wikipedia articles. --Hob Gadling (talk) 13:40, 4 January 2023 (UTC)
 * And corporate shills are not good sources of information either Banderswipe (talk) 16:03, 19 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Trading insults is not productive. Is there a source for the claim that meets the standards of WP:MEDRS is the only relevant question. Peter coxhead (talk) 18:06, 19 January 2023 (UTC)

Erratum Noted, Needing Revision
There is an incorrect statement which requires revision in the Wikipedia article on the herb Ginger (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginger).

In the article, the assertion is made "Although used in traditional medicine and as a dietary supplement, there is no good evidence that consuming ginger or its extracts has any effect on human health or as a treatment for diseases.". It is my opinion that this statement is overly broad, and at its core, incorrect.

I substantiate my assertion based on the following three articles:

Herbs at a Glance: Ginger National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health - Health Information - Ginger - https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/ginger - Retrieved 7/8/2023

Ginger on Human Health: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of 109 Randomized Controlled Trials https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7019938/ - Retrieved 7/8/2023

Bioactive Compounds and Bioactivities of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6616534/ - Retrieved 7/8/2023

Based on this evidence, I request that an editor appropriately revise the allegedly incorrect statement made previously F.M. 'Doc' Waterman (talk) 19:20, 8 July 2023 (UTC)

A note on how ginger is consumed
It seems to me that some editors are concerned about the safety of ginger. I just want to provide some information that I know.

I think how ginger is consumed varies greatly among different cuisines. For example in Europe, there is gingerbread. In Indonesia there’s ginger candy (Ting Ting Jahe). In China, people consume it almost every day. However, they only have a SMALL amount of it each time (no more than a spoonful I think), mostly when shredded (e.g. with fish) or minced (e.g. as dipping sauce of white cut chicken). In stir-fry (chao) dishes, ginger is sliced and put into a wok with heated oil before other ingredients are added, but the slices are usually NOT consumed, they are added just for the flavour. Sometimes ginger is used to make soup as well, but again, it’s added for the flavour (or fragrance) only and is not consumed. And I think very few Chinese will consider ginger as a “medicine”. It’s treated as a food, and maybe sometimes as a functional food (e.g. when someone says “I’m bloated.”, a friend may say “have some ginger egg soup and see if it helps.”), but no one will take ginger as a “dietary supplement”. So no Chinese will consider ginger “unsafe” IMHO. They just won’t think about it’s “safety”. They have it in every meal from childhood. Thus for them (and probably most Asian as well?) perhaps it’s very strange when someone described ginger as “safety has not been demonstrated”… -- Dustfreeworld (talk) 14:41, 3 October 2023 (UTC)
 * Appreciate your interest in sharing "some information that [you] know," but please keep in mind that we cannot use that information in any direct way. Doing so would represent original research, which we as Wikipedia editors are prohibited from engaging in here. It would be better if you can share a published, reliable source that makes the same or similar observations.  General Ization Talk  20:22, 2 October 2023 (UTC)
 * I think you would be interested in this:
 * Talk:Ginger
 * Thanks. -- Dustfreeworld (talk) 21:05, 2 October 2023 (UTC)

Cultigen or not?
I find it unlikely that the plant does not exist in the wild. If it does, then not a cultigen. Have those that claim it's a cultigen exhaustively surveyed the millions of acres of maritime jungle along the coasts of Maritime SE Asia? I doubt it. I have no doubt that even a cursory check of these forests would reveal plenty of zinziber types. 2001:8003:1D9E:9400:AC0B:3D17:197F:513D (talk) 07:23, 21 June 2024 (UTC)
 * That's not what cultigen means. And the article goes by what the sources say.  If there are sources that dispute it, please cite them. -- Escape Orbit  (Talk) 15:52, 21 June 2024 (UTC)

Image
I added an image to show how ginger is consumed in steamed dishes. It also shows the typical amount in each meal. -- Dustfreeworld (talk) 18:53, 16 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ginger


text:
User:Sam Spade/Mediation with Bryan

Requests specific to Bryan

 * 1) That Bryan and I refrain from reverting one another.
 * 2) That Bryan and I avoid one another.
 * 3) That Bryan and I not inspect one another’s contributions lists, nor seek out pages primarily with the hopes of finding the other.

Over all request
That religious pages using the word God have a uniform approach to the one settled on by myself and user:eloquence in the article atheism.

Reasoning
I did not engage in revert wars with non-vandals prior to having met Bryan. I have since joined the Harmonious editing club, and recommend Bryan do likewise. I have found Bryan to be unable to understand references, or their importance. Specifically these three   have been particularly difficult for him to understand, and  practically disgusted him due to it's being from a religious source, presenting him with the opportunity to use it later as a point of ridicule. His offensive unwillingness to stop mentioning my surname is well documented as well. I am pretty sure he is willing to readily admit to all of this, with the obvious exception of his inability to understand reference materials, something I can sadly say he is not alone in, and which you might find ample proof of below. There are other examples, including the latest of talk:atheism, but the below is perhaps his finest. There is also the simple fact that I do not find communicating with him to be functional, pleasant, or productive.

Examples
regarding Sources

Success!
Mediation has successfully resolved these issues, both parties were model participants in the mediation process. --Dante Alighieri | Talk 18:18, 27 Feb 2004 (UTC)

title: User:Sam Spade/Mediation with Bryan


text:
Wikipedia talk:Requests for adminship/Archive 10

Software system?
Hi have a look at http://mail.wikipedia.org/pipermail/wikipedia-l/2004-February/014199.html --  Optim 21:50, 3 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * and http://mail.wikipedia.org/pipermail/wikien-l/2004-February/010259.html -- Optim 21:52, 3 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Note to Developers
I know you're busy, but RfA is getting crowded. It looks to me like at least Meelar, CatherineMunro, Roadrunner, and Seglea have made it in, if not a few more. (Depending on how long they need to be here before advancing.) Could you promote a few of these excellent people? I appreciate it, Jwrosenzweig 16:38, 5 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * My god, Roadrunner has been here since December 23! And I thought the 2 weeks (IIRC) I was here was a long time. →Raul654 20:47, Feb 5, 2004 (UTC)

 * That's because he didn't accept it until just the other day Sarge Baldy 20:51, Feb 5, 2004 (UTC)


text:
Palochka

The palochka (Ӏ ӏ; italic: ) is a letter in the Cyrillic script. The letter is usually caseless. It was introduced in the late 1930s as the Hindu-Arabic digit '1', and on Cyrillic keyboards, it is usually typeset as the Roman numeral 'I'. Unicode currently supports both caseless/capital palochka at U+04C0 and a rarer lower-case palochka at U+04CF. The palochka marks glottal(ized) and pharyngeal(ized) consonants.

Form
The letter looks similar to the digit 1. Its uppercase form resembles the Latin Letter I (I i) in uppercase form, while its lowercase form resembles the Latin letter L (L l) in lowercase form.

History
The Cyrillic palochka was derived directly from the Arabic letter alif (ا). In the early days of the Soviet Union, many of the non-Russian Cyrillic alphabets contained only letters found in the Russian alphabet to keep them compatible with Russian typewriters. Sounds absent from Russian were marked with digraphs and other letter combinations. The palochka was the only exception because the numerical digit 1 was used instead of the letter. In fact, on many Russian typewriters, the character looked not like the digit 1 but like the Roman numeral with serifs. That is still common because the palochka is not present in most standard keyboard layouts (and, for some of them, not even the soft-dotted ) or common fonts and so it cannot be easily entered or reliably displayed on many computer systems. For example, as of 2024, even the official site of the People's Assembly of the Republic of Ingushetia uses the digit 1 instead of the palochka.

Usage
In the alphabets of Abaza, Avar, Chechen, Dargwa, Ingush, Lak, Lezgian, Tabassaran, and Tsakhur, it is a modifier letter which signals the preceding consonant as an ejective or pharyngeal consonant; this letter has no phonetic value on its own.

In Adyghe, the palochka by itself represents a glottal stop (like the tt in GA button).
 * Example from Kabardian Adyghe dialect:, "he asked her for something"

In Avar, it represents an ejective consonant.
 * Example from Avar:, "to speak"

In Chechen, the palochka makes a preceding stop or affricate ejective if voiceless, or pharyngealized if voiced, but also represents the voiced pharyngeal fricative (like the ayn in Arabic) when it does not follow a stop or affricate. As an exception, in the digraph ⟨хӀ⟩, it produces the voiceless pharyngeal fricative. Ingush is similar.
 * Examples from Chechen:, "girl" and жӀаьла [], "shark”

Exceptionally among the Caucasian languages, Abkhaz does not use the palochka, but instead uses a series of special letters to distinguish ejective and non-ejective (aspirated) consonants.

Computing codes

 * The lowercase form of the palochka was added to Unicode 5.0 in July 2006.

title: Palochka


text:
Chukchi

Chukchi may refer to:
 * Chukchi people, a people of the Chukotka Peninsula in Siberia, Russia
 * Chukchi language, their Paleosiberian language
 * Chukchi Peninsula or Chukotka Peninsula, a peninsula in eastern Siberia
 * Chukchi Sea, a sea of the Arctic Ocean

title: Chukchi


text:
Maritime studies

Maritime Studies is an interdisciplinary academic field that uses liberal arts or business as the foundation for exploring humankind's relationship with waterways and watersheds. Incorporating maritime history, sea literature, poetry, film, cultural studies, anthropology, archeology, cartography, oceanography, environmental studies, and contemporary marine policy, maritime studies covers a broader scope than traditional maritime history or seamanship.

Maritime Studies "must be broad based and multidisciplinary and involve 'almost every profession having to do with the sea.'" Some of the institutions providing maritime studies combine a broad grounding in technical and scientific coursework with the study of courses in arts and humanities.

While maritime academies frequently prepare cadets for careers in the merchant marine, maritime studies programs prepare students for a variety of careers in the civilian maritime industrial and service sectors. Graduate and undergraduate programs are offered at the following institutions:

 * The University of Connecticut /Avery Point Campus
 * East Carolina University
 * Escola de Formação de Oficiais da Marinha Mercante
 * Memorial University of Newfoundland
 * Texas A & M Galveston
 * University of West Florida
 * State University of New York Maritime College
 * Norwegian University of Science and Technology
 * Maritime University of Szczecin
 * Nanyang Technological University
 * University of Piraeus
 * University of KwaZulu Natal

title: Maritime studies


text:
Speaker of the House of Representatives of Fiji

The Speaker was the presiding officer of the Fijian House of Representatives. At its first session following a general election, the House members elected a Speaker and a Deputy Speaker. With a view to ensuring impartiality, the Speaker was not allowed to be a member of the House, though he was required to qualify for membership. The Deputy Speaker, however, was elected from among members of the House.

The office of Speaker was an essential feature of the parliamentary system, and has proved to be the most durable of all the Westminster parliamentary traditions.

The House of Representatives of Fiji was preceded by Legislative Council of Fiji. In the 2013 Constitution, the House of Representatives was abolished, and replaced by a single chamber Parliament.


text:
Talk:Václav Havel

Limited opportunities?
"His educational opportunities having been limited by his bourgeois background, Havel first rose to prominence as a playwright." Being bourgeois would do the opposite of limiting ones educational opportunities. That line in the paragraph makes almost no sense. Perhaps being born just prior to WW II and growing up behind the Iron Curtain would limit your educational opportunities, but being upper middle class not so much. Are there citations for the three (limited education, being bourgeois, first rise to fame) claims here? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 97.99.219.60 (talk) 05:32, 6 October 2018 (UTC)
 * Hi, I believe the sentence you cite (from the lede) is derived from the sourced info in the Early Life paragraph such as "For political reasons, he was not accepted into any post-secondary school with a humanities program"; the apprenticeship should have been connected to him being bourgeois as well. He was "limited" bcs of his background and the comaprison is made within Czechoslovakia, i.e. not everyone there "born juts prior to WW II and growing up behind the Iron Curtain" was "limited" as Havel was. If you have any other questions, ask. BTW it is always better to sign your contributions, and place them at the bottom of the page/appropriate paragraph. WikiHannibal (talk) 09:06, 6 October 2018 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Václav Havel


text:
Counties of Liberia

The Republic of Liberia is divided into fifteen counties. Each is administered by a superintendent appointed by the President.

title: Counties of Liberia


text:
Well-field system

The well-field system was a Chinese land redistribution method existing between the ninth century BCE (late Western Zhou dynasty) to around the Warring States period. Though Mencius describes examples from the Xia and Shang dynasties, these could be mythological or imagined. The name comes from Chinese character 井 (jǐng), which means 'well' and looks like the # symbol; this character represents the theoretical appearance of land division: a square area of land was divided into nine identically sized sections; the eight outer sections (私田; sītián) were privately cultivated by farmers, or nong in Chinese, one of the occupations of the four occupations system; and the center section (公田; gōngtián) was communally cultivated on behalf of the government, or in some cases, the landowning aristocrat or duke.

While all fields were government- or aristocrat-owned, the private fields were managed exclusively by farmers and the produce was entirely the farmers'. It was only produce from the communal fields, worked on by all eight families, that went to the government for famine distribution or the aristocrats and which, in turn, could go to the king as tribute.

However, in Mencius it is said that all people in office got 50 mu (about half an acre).

As part of a larger fengjian system, the well-field system became strained in the Spring and Autumn period as kinship ties between aristocrats became meaningless. When the system became economically untenable in the Warring States period, it was replaced by a system of private land ownership. It was first suspended in the state of Qin by Shang Yang and other states soon followed suit, though King Hui of Wei and King Xuan of Qi did think about restoring it after Mencius talked to them. They ultimately did not.

As part of the "turning the clock back" reformations by Wang Mang during the short-lived Xin dynasty, the system was restored temporarily and renamed to the King's Fields (王田; wángtián). The practice was more-or-less ended by the Song dynasty, but scholars like Zhang Zai and Su Xun were enthusiastic about its restoration invoking Mencius's frequent praise of the system.

It is mentioned in the book of rites and it is said most anciently that the farmers only had to work the government fields 3 days a year; though it is unknown whether this is true, it is also said that the most ancient had houses given away, and 3 days was all that was required. In addition, it was stated the market of the goods would not be taxed; only a small fee for a stall, and travelers weren't taxed. It is later said in other texts that taxes were put on the market goods when a merchant was looking from side to side and people thought he was plotting.

title: Well-field system


text:
Jing Tian

Jing Tian (, born 21 July 1988) is a Chinese actress. She graduated from the Beijing Dance Academy and Beijing Film Academy.

She is known for her roles in the war epic The Warring States (2011) and the action films Special ID and Police Story 2013 (both in 2013). She has had prominent roles in three Legendary Pictures films, The Great Wall (2016), Kong: Skull Island (2017), and Pacific Rim Uprising (2018).

In addition, she is also known for her roles in the historical dramas Legend of Ban Shu (2015), The Glory of Tang Dynasty (2017) and fantasy suspense drama Rattan (2021).

Career
Jing made her acting debut in the 2008 film Anaconda Frightened. Her first television series was the period drama  The Epic of a Woman. In 2009, she was cast as the lead role in the historical drama Biography of Sun Tsu, which aired in 2013.

In 2010, Jing gained attention for her performance in the romance comedy drama My Belle Boss. In 2011, she rose to fame for her role in the historical war film The Warring States. A few leading roles in high-profile films followed; such as action films Special ID and Police Story 2013 (both in 2013) and gambling film From Vegas to Macau (2014).

In 2015, Jing starred in the historical romance drama Legend of Ban Shu, playing the title role alongside Zhang Zhehan. The same year, she played the eponymous role in the historical fiction drama The Legend of Xiao Zhuang. In 2016, Jing starred as the female lead in Zhang Yimou's war epic film The Great Wall. Due to the recognition, Jing was cast in the Hollywood films Kong: Skull Island (2017) and Pacific Rim Uprising (2018).

In 2017, Jing starred in the historical fiction drama The Glory of Tang Dynasty alongside Ren Jialun, playing the role of Shen Zhenzhu. The drama was a hit and Jing gained positive reviews for her acting. Jing starred alongside Chen Bolin in the 2018 fantasy drama The King of Blaze, based on the manga series of the same name. In 2019, Jing starred in the road-trip romance drama Love Journey alongside Chen Xiao. In 2021, she played the titular role of Si Teng in hit fantasy suspense drama Rattan. In 2022, Jing Tian was fined the equivalent of US$1.1 million for promoting Infinite Free candy as a weight loss product.

Awards and nominations
In 2014, Jing Tian won the International Award at the Hollywood Film Awards. The International Award was intended to be given annually, but was discontinued and only awarded once.

Jing Tian has also been nominated for "Most Disappointing Actress" at the Golden Broom Awards (China's equivalent of Golden Raspberry Awards) three times, winning twice.

Personal life
Jing was previously in a relationship with Chinese table tennis player Zhang Jike; they officially announced their separation in June 2019 following allegations that Zhang had shared private videos of her with creditors to whom he owed a gambling debt.

title: Jing Tian


text:
User:Thamer~enwiki

February 21, 2004, 1:48 PM (Local time), I joined Wikipedia. I should’ve done that long time ago.

My user name Thamer, is an Arabic name used (rarely) as an adjective to describe an aged and fruitful Tree. It means fructuous, productive, fruitful,and yielding. The name is pronounced Tha.mer or Tha’mihr (The Th is pronounced as you would say it in “Thin” and “Bath” and mer as in Mercury.)

In the Bible, "Judah was the father of Perez and Zerah by Tamar, Perez was the father of Hezron, and Hezron the father of Ram." (Matthew 1:3)

"The children of Thamah" were a family of Nethinim who returned with Zerubbabel." (Ezra 2:53)

That’s it for now.

title: User:Thamer~enwiki


text:
Talk:One (disambiguation)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:2 which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 03:31, 5 February 2017 (UTC)

Ace
Can Ace card be called "1"?

הראש (talk) 21:54, 25 September 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:One (disambiguation)


text:
18

Eighteen or 18 may refer to:

 * 18 (number), the natural number following 17 and preceding 19
 * one of the years 18 BC, AD 18, 1918, 2018

Film, television and entertainment

 * 18 (film), a 1993 Taiwanese experimental film based on the short story God's Dice
 * Eighteen (film), a 2005 Canadian dramatic feature film
 * 18 (British Board of Film Classification), a film rating in the United Kingdom, also used in Ireland by the Irish Film Classification Office
 * 18 (Dragon Ball), a character in the Dragon Ball franchise
 * "Eighteen", a 2006 episode of the animated television series 12 oz. Mouse

Science

 * Argon, a noble gas in the periodic table
 * 18 Melpomene, an asteroid in the asteroid belt

Albums

 * 18 (Moby album), 2002
 * 18 (Nana Kitade album), 2005
 * 18..., 2009 debut album by G.E.M.
 * 18 (Jeff Beck and Johnny Depp album), 2022

Songs

 * "18" (5 Seconds of Summer song), from their 2014 eponymous debut album
 * "18" (One Direction song), from their 2014 studio album Four
 * "18", by Anarbor from their 2013 studio album Burnout
 * "I'm Eighteen", by Alice Cooper commonly referred to as simply "Eighteen", 1970
 * "Eighteen" (CLC song), 2015
 * "Eighteen" (Pale Waves song), 2018
 * "Eighteen", by Connie Francis, 1957
 * "Eighteen", by ¡Forward, Russia!, 2006
 * "Eighteen", by Patricia Cahill, B-side to "Colm Bán", 1971

title: 18


text:
17

Seventeen or 17 may refer to:

 * 17 (number), the natural number following 16 and preceding 18
 * The years 17 BC, AD 17, 1917, or 2017

Science

 * Chlorine, a halogen in the periodic table
 * 17 Thetis, an asteroid in the asteroid belt

Magazines

 * Seventeen (American magazine), an American magazine
 * Seventeen (Japanese magazine), a Japanese magazine

Novels

 * Seventeen (Tarkington novel), a 1916 novel by Booth Tarkington
 * Seventeen (Sebuntiin), a 1961 novel by Kenzaburō Ōe
 * Seventeen (Kuraimāzu hai), a 2003 novel by Hideo Yokoyama
 * Seventeen (Serafin novel), a 2004 novel by Shan Serafin

Film

 * Seventeen (1916 film), an American silent comedy film
 * Number Seventeen, a 1932 film directed by Alfred Hitchcock
 * Seventeen (1940 film), an American comedy film
 * Stalag 17, an American war film
 * Eric Soya's '17' (Danish: Sytten), a 1965 Danish comedy film
 * Seventeen (1985 film), a documentary film
 * 17 Again, a 2009 film whose working title was 17
 * Seventeen (2019 film), a Spanish drama film

Television

 * "Seventeen", a 2017 episode of the animated television series Adventure Time
 * Seventeen (TV drama), a 1994 UK dramatic short starring Christien Anholt
 * "Seventeen" (The Killing), a 2013 episode of the American television drama series The Killing

Theatre

 * Number 17 (play), a 1925 work by the British writer Joseph Jefferson Farjeon
 * Seventeen (musical), a 1951 Broadway musical based on Booth Tarkington's novel

Albums

 * Seventeen (Keisha White album), and the title song 2007
 * Seventeen (Iris album), 2012
 * 17 (Motel album), and the title song
 * 17 (Ricky Martin album), 2008
 * 17 (Tokio album), 2012
 * 17 (XXXTentacion album), 2017
 * 17 (Zhavia Ward EP), 2019
 * 17 (Gettomasa EP), 2017

Songs

 * "17" (MK song), a 2017 song by Marc Kinchen
 * "17" (Madame song), a 2019 song by Madame
 * "17", a 2020 song by Pink Sweats
 * "17", by Avril Lavigne from Avril Lavigne
 * "17", by Cross Canadian Ragweed from Cross Canadian Ragweed
 * "17", by Hedley from Cageless
 * "17", by Kings of Leon from Only by the Night
 * "17", by Mandy Moore from Mandy Moore
 * "17", by Milburn from Well Well Well
 * "17", by Rick James from Reflections
 * "17", by Sky Ferreira
 * "17", by The Smashing Pumpkins from Adore
 * "17", by Yourcodenameis:Milo from Ignoto
 * "17", by Youth Lagoon from The Year of Hibernation
 * "At Seventeen", Janis Ian song
 * "Seventeen" (Alessia Cara song), from Four Pink Walls
 * "Seventeen" (Boyd Bennett song), a 1955 popular song
 * "Seventeen" by Bobby Brown from King of Stage
 * "Seventeen" (Jet song), 2010
 * "Seventeen" (Ladytron song), 2002
 * "Seventeen" (Marina and the Diamonds song) from Mermaid Vs. Sailor EP
 * "Seventeen" (Simon Webbe song), from Grace
 * "Seventeen" (Winger song), 1988
 * "Seventeen" (Yoasobi song), 2023
 * "Seventeen", by The Elders from American Wake
 * "Seventeen", by ¡Forward, Russia! from Give Me a Wall
 * "Seventeen", by Jimmy Eat World from Static Prevails
 * "Seventeen", by Joyner Lucas from Not Now I'm Busy
 * "Seventeen", by Let Loose from Let Loose
 * "Seventeen", by Machinae Supremacy from Redeemer
 * "Seventeen", by Rich Brian
 * "Seventeen", by Sex Pistols from Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols
 * "Seventeen", by Sharon Van Etten from Remind Me Tomorrow
 * "Seventeen", by Troye Sivan from Bloom
 * "Seventeen", by X Marks the Pedwalk from Inner Zone Journey
 * "Seventeen", from Repo! The Genetic Opera
 * "Seventeen", a song from Heathers: The Musical
 * "Seventeen", a song by Tyler Braden which represented Tennessee in the American Song Contest

Performers

 * The 17, a UK choir
 * Seventeen (South Korean band), a South Korean boy group
 * Seventeen (Indonesian band), a former Indonesian band group
 * Seventeen, a UK band that later became The Alarm

Vehicles and transportation

 * USS Carnelian (PY-19), a 1930 converted yacht originally named Seventeen
 * Lockheed X-17, an American experimental rocket
 * Tatra 17, an automobile

Aircraft

 * Beechcraft Model 17, an American light transport
 * Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress, an American WWII bomber
 * Boeing C-17 Globemaster III, an American cargo plane
 * Bréguet 17, a French WWI fighter
 * Consolidated 17, an American light airliner
 * Dornier Do 17, a German WWI bomber
 * FBA 17, a French 1920s flying boat
 * Latécoère 17, a French 1920s airliner
 * Mil Mi-17, a Soviet helicopter
 * Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-17, a Soviet fighter jet
 * Nieuport 17, a French WWI fighter
 * Northrop YF-17 Cobra, an American prototype fighter jet
 * Potez 17, a French reconnaissance aircraft
 * Saab 17, a Swedish WWII light bomber
 * SPAD S.XVII, a French WWI fighter
 * Sukhoi Su-17, a Soviet fighter-bomber jet
 * Tachikawa Ki-17, a Japanese WWII trainer
 * Yakovlev Yak-17, a Soviet fighter jet

Other uses

 * Seventeen, Ohio, an American unincorporated community in Tuscarawas County
 * 17 (app), a photo and video app for Android and iOS

title: 17


text:
11

Eleven or 11 may refer to:
 * 11 (number), the natural number following 10 and preceding 12
 * one of the years 11 BC, AD 11, 1911, 2011, or any year ending in 11

Literature

 * Eleven (novel), a 2006 novel by British author David Llewellyn
 * Eleven, a 1970 collection of short stories by Patricia Highsmith
 * Eleven, a 2004 children's novel in The Winnie Years by Lauren Myracle
 * Eleven, a 2008 children's novel by Patricia Reilly Giff
 * Eleven, a short story by Sandra Cisneros

Music

 * Eleven (band), an American rock band
 * Eleven: A Music Company, an Australian record label
 * Up to eleven, an idiom from popular culture, coined in the movie This Is Spinal Tap

Albums

 * 11 (The Smithereens album), 1989
 * 11 (Ua album), 1996
 * 11 (Bryan Adams album), 2008
 * 11 (Sault album), 2022
 * Eleven (Harry Connick, Jr. album), 1992
 * Eleven (22-Pistepirkko album), 1998
 * Eleven (Sugarcult album), 1999
 * Eleven (B'z album), 2000
 * Eleven (Reamonn album), 2010
 * Eleven (Martina McBride album), 2011
 * Eleven (Mr Fogg album), 2012
 * Eleven (Tina Arena album), 2015
 * Eleven (single album), 2021 debut single album by Ive

Songs

 * "11" (song), a 2013 song by Cassadee Pope from Frame by Frame
 * "Eleven" (Ive song), a 2021 debut single by Ive
 * "Eleven" (Khalid song), a 2020 song by Khalid
 * "Eleven", a 2006 song by ¡Forward, Russia! from Give Me a Wall
 * "Eleven", a 2011 song by Chameleon Circuit on Still Got Legs
 * "Eleven", a 2011 single by Fantine
 * "Eleven", a 2018 song by Last Dinosaurs from Yumeno Garden
 * "Eleven", a 1991 song by Primus from Sailing the Seas of Cheese
 * "Eleven", a 2018 song by Todrick Hall from Forbidden
 * "Eleven", a 2013 song by C418 from Minecraft – Volume Beta
 * "The Eleven", a 1969 song by the Grateful Dead from Live/Dead

Television

 * Eleven, an Australian digital television multichannel, now renamed 10 Peach
 * Eleven (Television Production Company), a British television production company based in London
 * Eleven (Stranger Things), a character from the Netflix series Stranger Things
 * PIX 11, an American television channel covering New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut. Its slogan is "New York's Very Own"
 * KAN 11, an Israeli television channel

Other uses

 * Eleven Media Group, a news and sports media company in Myanmar
 * Weekly Eleven, a newspaper published by the company
 * 11Eleven Project, documentary film created by Danielle Lauren
 * EleVen, a clothing range designed by tennis player Venus Williams
 * Elevenses, a short break taken at around 11:00 a.m. to consume a drink or snack
 * A football team, cricket team, or a bandy team, so called because of the number of players on the team
 * November, the eleventh month of the year
 * Windows 11, an operating system by Microsoft
 * iOS 11, an operating system by Apple
 * 11 Parthenope, an asteroid in the asteroid belt
 * Eleven, a main character featured in Dragon Quest XI
 * Tatra 11, an automobile
 * Lotus Eleven, a sports racing car

title: 11


text: Talk:Twelve

title: Talk:Twelve


text:
Wikipedia talk:Requests for adminship/Archive 11

Policy on Anons and this page
I have boldly modified the policy here, so that anons cannot be made administrators (duh) and anons cannot nominate others (new). Of course, we believe in preknowledge of the law, so Wik's current nomination can stand, for what it's worth. But from here on out, I propose anons not be part of the process of voting/nominating here. Fuzheado 05:32, 9 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * Support. ;) A long time coming, I think, since it stops not only anon trolls from nominating (and thus reduces clutter) and stops sock puppets... Dysprosia 05:33, 9 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * And Pumpie. Maximus Rex 05:35, 9 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * Support in part, Oppose in part. If you can nominate yourself, why can't an anon nominate you?  As for anons not being made administrators, duh. -- Anthony DiPierro 05:36, 9 Feb 2004

 * Anons obviously cannot be administrators as there is no password involved. I think anons should be able to nominate anyone. silsor 05:39, Feb 9, 2004 (UTC) 05:49, 9 Feb 2004

 * Just noticed the voting clause. Anons should definitely be allowed to vote, there are some excellent regular contributors who have just never bothered to log in. silsor

 * I think anons should be allowed to nominate. If you want we can have a number of edits minimum though. Dori | Talk 05:46, Feb 9, 2004 (UTC)

 * What about nominations that are obvious trolls (case in point...) Pakaran. 05:49, 9 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * The problem with anons voting/nominating is that you cannot verify that it is even an individual (proxy server, dynamic IPs, etc.) so it's pretty useless to have anons involved in any meaningful way. This means you cannot even qualify them using the "Sock Puppet Avoidance Threshold". Fuzheado 05:59, 9 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * You can vote them down. You say what about trolls, I say what about those who don't want to register? It doesn't take much for a troll to register. Dori | Talk 06:03, Feb 9, 2004 (UTC)

 * I'd vote in favor of restricting nominations to logged in users. -- Infrogmation 06:29, 9 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Without commenting on a general principle of anonymous users nominating people, I've removed this particular nomination, as the user's history reveals a good deal of general troublemaking. Update: and he's just now been banned for vandalizing other articles. --Delirium 06:44, Feb 9, 2004 (UTC)

 * I don't think the nomination should have been removed, as it was supported by some people. That it was supported may show some people that that the user is supported by more people than they may imagine, although the peer pressure is to damn him. Secretlondon 07:52, Feb 9, 2004 (UTC)

 * It clearly says "Anonymous users cannot be nominated, nor can they nominate others. The absolute minimum requirement to be involved with adminship matters is to have a username in the system." Which part of that are you saying we should ignore, the nominating part or just the voting part or all of it? Morwen 08:03, Feb 9, 2004 (UTC)

 * I didn't see that bit - I just saw a reversion war with the what feels like a cabal sometimes. Secretlondon 08:05, Feb 9, 2004 (UTC)

 * In the interest of full disclosure it should be noted that that part was added after the nomination: . Fuzheado also mentioned this at the top of this section. Dori | Talk 13:29, Feb 9, 2004 (UTC)

 * Oops. Morwen 18:22, Feb 9, 2004 (UTC)

Before we get into a massive edit war here, let me remind contributors that any logged-in user can make a nomination. We don't actualy need to settle the "can an anon nominate" question right away as, for a nomination to be successful, there must be a clear consensus in favour if the user in question. That requirement, in turn, necessitates that a reasonable number of regular (i.e., logged-in) Wikipedins vote in favour of the nominee, and that suggests that at least one of those Wikipedians ought to be prepared to make a nomination. In other words, if the nomination is meaningful in the first place, sooner or later a logged-in user will make it. Tannin 07:56, 9 Feb 2004 (UTC)

 * PS: In other words, if a logged-in user cares to make a nomination (of Wik or of anyone else) then I would support retaining it. Tannin

But I now know I'll get lynched for it.... Secretlondon 07:59, Feb 9, 2004 (UTC)


text:
Andrew Faulds

Andrew Matthew William Faulds (1 March 1923 – 31 May 2000) was a British actor and Labour Party politician. After a successful acting career on stage, on radio and in films, he was a Member of Parliament from 1966 to 1997.

Early life
Faulds was born to Church of Scotland missionary parents in Isoko, Tanganyika. Due to his father's peripatetic vocation, he grew up in various parts of Britain, and was educated at George Watson's College, Edinburgh, King Edward VI Grammar School, Louth, Daniel Stewart's College, Edinburgh, and Stirling High School. He married Bunty Whitfield in 1945. The couple had one daughter. During the Second World War he served in both the Royal Air Force and the Fleet Air Arm.

After graduating from the University of Glasgow, he joined the Royal Shakespeare Company in 1948. However, he first came to a wider public recognition playing Jet Morgan in Charles Chilton's radio drama Journey into Space on the BBC Light Programme.

Acting career
In 1959, Faulds and his wife played host to Paul Robeson, who had travelled to Britain to appear at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre, Stratford-upon-Avon in Tony Richardson's production of Othello. Robeson had only recently been permitted again to travel abroad, following the revocation of his passport. During this visit, Robeson inspired Faulds to take up political activism.

Faulds maintained his acting career throughout the 1960s and 1970s, and in particular became a key part of film director Ken Russell's repertory company, appearing in, among other films, Dante's Inferno (1967) (as William Morris), The Devils (1971), Mahler (1974) and Lisztomania (1975). Notably, he appeared in Russell's film The Music Lovers (1970) alongside Glenda Jackson, who, like him went on to become a Labour MP.

One of Faulds' best-remembered roles is Phalerus in Jason and the Argonauts (1963), in which he took part in the skeleton fight scene that featured model work by Ray Harryhausen. Another was in "The Radio Ham" (1961), an episode of Hancock, as the unseen voice of 'mayday'.

Member of Parliament
Faulds first stood for Parliament as the Labour candidate in the 1963 Stratford by-election, caused by the resignation of John Profumo over a security scandal. He fought the constituency again in the general election the following year, but on both occasions he was beaten by the Conservative future Cabinet minister Angus Maude.

In the 1964 general election, the Labour Shadow Foreign Secretary, Patrick Gordon Walker, was defeated in controversial circumstances in the Smethwick constituency by Conservative candidate Peter Griffiths. Smethwick had become the home of immigrants from the Commonwealth in the years following the Second World War, and Griffiths' 1964 campaign was critical of Conservative government policy as well as of Labour statements on the issue. Increasing the Labour vote in the Smethwick constituency for the first time since 1950, Faulds defeated Griffiths in the 1966 general election and became Labour Member of Parliament (MP) for the constituency, being re-elected until his retirement in 1997.

The constituency was renamed Warley East in 1974. Smethwick remained the focus of much racial tension in Britain throughout Faulds' time as an MP, in particular following the "Rivers of Blood speech" by fellow West Midlands MP Enoch Powell in 1968. Faulds characterised Powell's speech as "... unchristian ... unprincipled, undemocratic and racialist." Faulds has sometimes been named as a supporter of capital punishment on the basis of off-the-cuff remarks, but he is listed in Hansard as voting against the restoration of the death penalty in 1969.

Faulds became known for using controversial language in the House of Commons; for example, verbally attacking Norman St John-Stevas in a heated debate over abortion in 1967, saying that he "has not the capacity to put a bun in anybody's oven" (referring to Stevas' homosexuality). In 1978, Faulds was pressured to apologise for calling John Davies, the Shadow Foreign Secretary at the time, a "fat-arsed twit"; ten years later, Faulds was reproached for calling David Shaw "an honourable shit". In 1990, he called prime minister Margaret Thatcher a "stupid, negative woman" for sending troops into the Gulf.

In 1973, Labour leader Harold Wilson sacked Faulds as Labour's arts spokesman for accusing Jewish MPs of dual loyalty.

A Europhile, Faulds was one of only five Labour MPs to vote for the Third Reading of the European Communities (Amendment) Act 1993 (which gave effect in UK law to the Maastricht Treaty) in 1993. In so doing, he defied his party whip, which was to abstain.

Filmography

 * The Million Pound Note (1954) – Chief Assistant at Tailor Shop (uncredited)
 * Passport to Treason (1955) – Barrett
 * Jumping for Joy (1956) – Drunk's Friend (uncredited)
 * The One That Got Away (1957) – Lieutenant, Grizedale
 * Blind Spot (1958) – Police Inspector
 * Blood of the Vampire (1958) – Chief Guard Wetzler
 * The Trollenberg Terror (1958) – Brett
 * Sea of Sand (1958) – Sgt. Parker
 * Danger Within (1959) – Lt. Comdr. 'Dopey' Gibbon, R.N.
 * SOS Pacific (1959) – Sea Captain
 * The Professionals (1960) – Inspector Rankin
 * The Flesh and the Fiends (1960) – Inspector McCulloch
 * Once More, with Feeling! (1960) – Interviewer (uncredited)
 * Payroll (1961) – Detective Inspector Carberry
 * The Hellfire Club (1961) – Lord Netherden
 * A Matter of WHO (1961) – Ralph
 * What Every Woman Wants (1962) – Derek Chadwick
 * Cleopatra (1963) – Canidius
 * Jason and the Argonauts (1963) – Phalerus
 * The Protectors (1964) - Ian Souter
 * Chimes at Midnight (1965) – Westmoreland
 * A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum (1966)
 * The One Eyed Soldiers (1966) – Colonel Ferrer
 * The Charge of the Light Brigade (1968) – Quaker preacher
 * The Music Lovers (1970) – Davidov
 * The Devils (1971) – Rangier
 * Young Winston (1972) – Mounted Boer
 * Mahler (1974) – Doctor on Train
 * Lisztomania (1975) – Strauss

title: Andrew Faulds


text:
Boreal chickadee

The boreal chickadee (Poecile hudsonicus) is a small passerine songbird in the tit family Paridae. It is found in the boreal forests of Alaska, Canada and the northern United States and remains within this range all year. This bird is known for its high pitched trill patterns used in communication with other birds and food storage habits in preparation for winter months.

Description
Adults are 12.5 – long with a weight of 7 –. They have grey-brown upperparts with a brown cap and greyish wings and tail; their face is mainly grey with white on the sides. Their underparts are white with brown on the flanks and a black throat. They have a short dark bill, short wings and a long notched tail. Their flight consists of brief gliding patterns followed by fast and bouncy wing beats as they travel through the air.

Vocal communications
The call is a husky tsee-day-day, as well as a high pitched trill sound, dididididididi a variant on the call which gives chickadees their name. This call is composed of five distinct note-type categories consisting of A, B, C, D and D-hybrid with the beginning and end note both displaying a high frequency pitch. Boreal chickadees use specialized notes within their vocal range to communicate with each other and convey information. Certain notes/calls can be used as a mating tactic or to indicate a bird's rank to neighbouring fertile females in the area. Females have also been known to be more attracted to a male chickadee if he portrays complex and larger song repertoires. Calls can also be used in territory defence or to warn others of an invader that come to close to a nesting female. Cross species comparisons can be made by comparing the vocal similarities between other species of chickadee's.

Breeding/nesting behaviour
Their breeding habitat is coniferous woods in Canada, Alaska, and the northernmost portions of the contiguous United States. They generally breed from early May to the end of August and remain within their breeding range throughout the year, but sometimes move south in winter. When a female chickadee finds a high quality male to mate with this provides direct and indirect benefits such as exceptional parental care and high quality genes. The pair remains together year round and may mate for life. Winter movements south of their range, however, appear to have become increasingly rare. Large bodies of water and mountain ranges may restrict dispersal of the boreal chickadee into places such as the Vancouver Islands and Haida Gwaii. They nest in a hole in a tree; the pair excavates the nest, using a natural cavity or sometimes an old woodpecker nest. This nest can be made of hair, fur or dead plants. Five to seven eggs are laid, white with fine reddish-brown spotting. Eggs are laid between May and July and hatch within 13–16 days. After the eggs have hatched it takes another 16–18 days for the birds to fully develop wings large enough to attempt flight.

Foraging behaviour
These birds forage on conifer branches or probe into the bark, gleaning insects and foraging for conifer seeds, which may be stored in preparation for winter months. Boreal chickadees are known to store large amounts of food in different trees, each location containing several food items. Food is usually stored in the mid-region of trees at a lower level than at which they foraged. They generally forage in black spruce, white spruce and tamarack trees which minimizes competition with black-capped chickadees who forage in more deciduous and mixed forests. Boreal chickadees often forage in small flocks including other small birds, especially in winter.

Predators
With the advantage of being a winged bird, the boreal chickadee has few predators. These consist of larger birds such as small owls, hawks and shrikes. Predators of eggs and baby boreal chickadees generally consist of tree climbing animals such as squirrels, chipmunks, mice, bears and rats.

Threats
The largest threat that is placed on boreal chickadees is clearcutting and logging that occurs in the boreal forest regions. These practices are causing dramatic reductions in mature forests and rapidly modifying the habitat of boreal chickadees.

Taxonomy
The species was formerly placed in the genus Parus with most other tits, but mtDNA cytochrome b sequence data and morphology suggest that separating Poecile more adequately expresses these birds' relationships. Molecular phylogenetic studies have shown that the boreal chickadee is sister to the chestnut-backed chickadee (Poecile rufescens).

title: Boreal chickadee


text:
User:Arwel Parry/sandbox

 * Archive UEFA 2004-05
 * Archive UEFA 2005-06
 * Archive UEFA 2006-07
 * User:Arwel Parry/sandbox/World Cup 2006
 * Table Test
 * User:Arwel Parry/sandbox/Infobox Browser test
 * User:Arwel Parry/sandbox/NYH2017 citation
 * User:Arwel Parry/sandbox/Test bio 1
 * User:Arwel Parry/sandbox/Test bio 2

title: User:Arwel Parry/sandbox


text:
Talk:Heliconia

The photos are inadequate. The whole plant needs to be shown because when the flower isn't in bloom, you identify the plant by the leaves. Furthermore, serious plant enthusiasts are interested in the leaf and structure of the stem as much as flower lovers are enchanted by the blossoms! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.95.115.20 (talk) 20:01, 21 August 2022 (UTC)

Is this a heliconia? The leaves do not look like heliconia. Image:Flower2176.JPG

 * No, it isn't; as you say, the leaves and stems are completely different. - MPF 13:56, 24 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Wow - tip of my tongue, but I can't remember what it's called. Try to Reference desk or something - it's a common ornamental, someone must know it.  Guettarda 14:04, 24 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm not very knowledgable, but the foliage appears similar to me to some Aphelandra genus species that I've seen on the web recently. kagop 11:55, 27 November 2005 (UTC)

Notice of requested move
Requested move: Bird of paradise (disambiguation) → Bird of paradise. Please read and contribute to survey here. --Una Smith (talk) 23:35, 26 January 2009 (UTC)

Angusta = angustifolia?
The list of species on this page includes H. angusta and H. angustifolia. But Heliconia angustifolia is a redirect to Heliconia angusta, which says they're synonyms. NCBI taxonomy browser doesn't list either of them. --50.133.131.206 (talk) 16:32, 19 December 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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I have just modified 2 external links on Heliconia. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20101213041459/http://delta-intkey.com/angio/ to http://delta-intkey.com/angio/
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Greek
If you are going to give us the Greek word the name is derived from, it would be nice to know what this Greek word means, or some reason why these plants got this name. --217.239.9.63 (talk) 08:22, 22 November 2019 (UTC)
 * I've put a "citation needed" message against this. I can't find a meaning in the standard refs and dictionaries. There are several places called Helicon. Darorcilmir (talk) 10:24, 22 November 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Heliconia


text:
The Advertiser (Adelaide)

The Advertiser is a daily tabloid format newspaper based in the city of Adelaide, South Australia. First published as a broadsheet named The South Australian Advertiser on 12 July 1858, it is currently a tabloid printed from Monday to Saturday. The Advertiser came under the ownership of Keith Murdoch in the 1950s, and the full ownership of Rupert Murdoch in 1987. It is a publication of Advertiser Newspapers Pty Ltd (ADV), a subsidiary of News Corp Australia, itself a subsidiary of News Corp. Through much of the 20th century, The Advertiser was Adelaide's morning broadsheet, The News the afternoon tabloid, with The Sunday Mail covering weekend sport, and Messenger Newspapers community news. The head office was relocated from a former premises in King William Street, to a new News Corp office complex, known as Keith Murdoch House at 31 Waymouth Street.

The South Australian Advertiser
An early major daily colonial newspaper, The Adelaide Times, ceased publication on 9 May 1858. Shortly afterwards, Reverend John Henry Barrow, a former editor of the South Australian Register founded the morning newspaper The South Australian Advertiser and a companion weekly The South Australian Weekly Chronicle. The original owners were Barrow and Charles Henry Goode, and the first issues were published on 12 July 1858 and 17 July 1858 respectively. It initially consisted of four pages, each of seven columns, and cost 4 pence.

In 1863 the company started an afternoon newspaper The Express as a competitor to The Telegraph, an afternoon/evening daily paper independent of both The Advertiser and the South Australian Register. The company was then re-formed, effective 9 September 1864, with additional shareholders Philip Henry Burden, John Baker, Captain Scott, James Counsell, Thomas Graves and others. Burden, secretary of the company, died in 1864, and Barrow, whose wife had died in 1856, married his widow in 1865, thus owning together a quarter of the company. In December 1866, the syndicate bought the now defunct The Telegraph (by this time renamed The Daily Telegraph with a morning edition and a weekend Weekly Mail) at auction, and incorporated it with The Express to form The Express and Telegraph.

In 1871, when the shareholders were Barrow, Goode, Robert Stuckey, Thomas Graves, William Parkin, Thomas King, James Counsell, and George Williams Chinner, the partnership was dissolved and the business was carried on by Barrow and King. J. H. Barrow died on 22 August 1874, and Thomas King ran the papers for himself and Mrs. Barrow for about five years. In 1879 a new firm was created, consisting of Thomas King, Fred Burden (son of P. H. Burden and adopted son of J. H. Barrow), and John Langdon Bonython. In July 1884, Thomas King dropped out, and the firm of Burden & Bonython was formed to run the paper.

The Advertiser
On 1 April 1889, the main publication was re-branded with an abbreviated title, The Advertiser. In December 1891, Burden retired, and sold his share of the company to Bonython, who, from 1894 to 1929, became the sole proprietor of The Advertiser. As well as being a talented newspaper editor, he also supported the movement towards the Federation of Australia. Later, in 1923, after a run of 60 years, The Express was stopped just as its renamed rival, The News, was starting. On 12 January 1929, The Mail announced that Bonython had sold The Advertiser for £1,250,000 to a group of Melbourne financiers The Herald and Weekly Times, an external media company, now had the controlling stake, but Bonython still retained a 48.7% interest. Bonython then retired from his newspapers in 1929, after 65 years' service, and his son, John Lavington Bonython, became editor. In February 1931, in the wake of the Great Depression, The Advertiser took over and shut down its ailing competitors, The Register (published 1836-1931), The Chronicle (Register's Saturday sister publication), and The Observer (published 1843-1931), briefly renaming itself for seven months as The Advertiser and Register.

News Corp Australia
On the death of Keith Murdoch in 1952, ownership of The News and The Mail passed to his son Rupert Murdoch via News Limited. Following the handover, and in response to suggestions of external influences from Victoria made by competing newspaper The Mail, the Chairman of The Advertiser's board published its policy in The Advertiser as follows: "'It is the same today as when the late Sir Langdon Bonython was in sole control. It is based upon a profound pride and belief in South Australia, and the system of private enterprise which has made this State what it is.'"

On 24 October 1953 the company launched the Sunday Advertiser in direct competition to News Limited's The Mail, but failed to outreach its rival, though no doubt affecting its profitability. It ceased publication five years or so later, after which the by then renamed Sunday Mail advertised itself as a joint publication of Advertiser Newspapers and News Ltd., and incorporated many of the Sunday Advertiser regular features. It had also introduced colour graphics on the comics page (rather primitive by today's standards), but this was dropped shortly after joint publication commenced.

In addition, The Messenger, published since 1951 was partially purchased in 1962, and fully owned by 1983. When Murdoch acquired The Herald and Weekly Times in 1987, he also acquired the remaining 48.7% share of The Advertiser. He sold The News in 1987, and it was closed in 1992. Murdoch then changed the format of The Advertiser from a broadsheet to a tabloid in November 1997, and the masthead and content font and layout was modernised in September 2009.

Circulation
The Advertiser is available for purchase throughout South Australia and some towns and regions in New South Wales, Victoria and the Northern Territory located near or adjacent to the South Australia state border such as Broken Hill, Mildura, Nhill and Alice Springs. According to The Advertiser's website, the newspaper is read by over 580,000 people each weekday, and by more than 740,000 people each Saturday. Circulation figures reported in May 2016 by Roy Morgan Research showed a continuing decline in readership, of 324,000 on weekdays, and 371,000 on Saturdays.

The Advertiser's website, adelaidenow.com.au, was rated by third-party web analytics providers Alexa and SimilarWeb as, respectively, the 268th and 313rd most visited website in Australia, as of August 2015. SimilarWeb rates the site as the 29th most visited news website in Australia, attracting almost 1.8 million visitors per month. In 2015, along with other News Corp websites, The Advertiser's website adopted a paywall with non-subscribers being locked out of "premium" content.

Notable personnel
Personnel at The Advertiser include:

 * Sir John Langdon Bonython, editor
 * Sir John Lavington Bonython, management
 * Michael Atchison, cartoonist
 * Natalie von Bertouch
 * Nick Cater
 * Alfred Thomas Chandler
 * Annabel Crabb
 * Tanya Denver
 * Sidney Downer
 * Brady Haran
 * Andrew Kirkpatrick
 * Pat Oliphant
 * Tory Shepherd
 * Frederick Samuel Wallis

Digitisation
The National Library of Australia has digitised, by OCR, photographically archived copies of the following newspapers, accessible through Trove:
 * The South Australian Advertiser – 12 July 1858 Vol. I No. 1 to 30 March 1889 (Vol XXXXI No. 9,500)
 * The Adelaide Express 2 December 1863 (Vol 1. No. 3) to 29 December 1866 (Vol. IV No. 923)
 * Express and Telegraph from 2 January 1867 (Vol. IV, No. 925) to 3 November 1922 (Vol LIX No. 17,780)
 * The Advertiser – 1 April 1889 (Vol. XXXI No. 9,501) to 20 February 1931 (LXXIII No. 22,579)
 * The Advertiser and The Register –
 * The Advertiser – 1 October 1931 (Vol. LXXIV No. 22,769) to 31 December 1954 (Vol. 97 No. 30,019)

title: The Advertiser (Adelaide)