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The Special Goodness

The Special Goodness is an American alternative rock band from Los Angeles, California, formed in 1996 by Weezer drummer Patrick Wilson. The band's line-up has included Atom Willard (drums), Weezer bassists Mikey Welsh and Scott Shriner, Pat Finn, Jeb Lewis, Lee Loretta, and Murphy Karges. The band's name comes from a description of how Wilson apparently feels when he creates music.

In May 2012, Wilson released the project's fourth studio album, Natural.

Releases
The band has released four albums, Special Goodness (aka "The Bunny Record," recorded in 1996 for, and shelved by Geffen Records, re-packaged and re-released during tours in 1999 and 2000 and given a full Japan-only release in 1998), At Some Point, Birds and Flowers Became Interesting (2001, self-released and also known as "Pinecone"), Land Air Sea (2003) and Natural (2012). After being signed to Epitaph Records in mid-2003 the band re-released a remixed and re-ordered version of Land Air Sea. Their song "Life Goes By" was featured on Punk-O-Rama Vol. 9 and an unreleased track "Not The Way" was featured on Punk-O-Rama Vol. 10. They released music videos for both "N.F.A" and "Life Goes By" from Land Air Sea, the latter being directed by weezer.com webmaster Karl Koch.

On the road
The Special Goodness began touring together in 1999. The Special Goodness was the first side-project/spin-off from Weezer (such as Space Twins, The Rentals and Homie) to ever actually open for Weezer, which they did on the band's 2002 Enlightenment Tour as Wilson minded both the duties as frontman for The Special Goodness and as drummer for Weezer. The Relationship, Brian Bell's band, would later open for Weezer on the 2008 Troublemaker Tour.

Other notable tours include a west coast tour with fellow Weezer side-project The Space Twins in 1999 and opening for the Foo Fighters in 2003, a feat that Wilson would repeat in 2005 whilst playing with Weezer.

One of their most notable shows was on November 2, 1999 at Club Laga in Pittsburgh. The club's promoter billed the gig as "The Special Goodness playing all the Weezer Hits." The band played through their set of Special Goodness songs, but felt as if they had to live up to the bill, so an encore of "Tired of Sex" and "Undone - The Sweater Song" was played.

Writing and release of fourth album
TSG's fourth album got off to a quick start in early 2005 while Weezer's fifth album, Make Believe, was waiting to be mixed and released. Wilson, along with Scott Shriner on bass and Willard on drums, recorded a full album at The Steakhouse Studio in the San Fernando Valley with Joe Barresi engineering the sessions. Overdubbing, mixing and mastering for the album had been completed and Wilson had a tentative track list for the album, which consisted of many songs that he had written for possible inclusion in Weezer's fifth album. Yet in a January 26, 2006, post on thespecialgoodness.com, Wilson stated "In my opinion, the songs weren't very good. The lyrics, melodies, chords and playing were strong but these do not add up to compelling songs." He also claimed that "a year of playing to large audiences (with Weezer) I've begun to understand what I truly value about playing and writing. More to come." Weezer.com webmaster Karl Koch has attributed the album's non-release to "concerns of commercial viability".

Wilson cleared speculation by updating The Special Goodness website on July 12, 2006, stating that "3 songs and more on the way" and on August 13, 2006 stating "Ideally, I'd like to release something in the spring but I will sell no wine before its time." On February 15, 2007, Wilson posted on the site "Lots of new songs have been written and I think an album will be released this year."

In mid-November 2007, the following was posted on the TSG website: "Baby coming! Potentially earlier then [sic] anticipated, therefore recording session rescheduled for February/March."

Throughout 2008, the TSG community was very quiet. On June 26, 2008, Wilson had to undergo knee surgery. Then, in late 2008, he toured with Weezer in support of their self-titled 2008 release. Even though songs for another release were constructed, a close album release did not happen.

A fan messaged Atom Willard via Modlife, and he stated that there were no plans for any new music. He also said that Wilson had moved away, making it difficult to meet up.

On January 5, 2011, an update was posted on The Special Goodness website revealing that a new album had been recorded with Wilson as the sole performer and was in the mixing stages: "Very pleased to announce a new TSG album, it’s currently being mixed, has 10 songs, a guitar, a bass, drums and vocals." In April 2012, an update was posted on The Special Goodness website where fans could listen to samples of songs from the album, Natural, with a release date set in May. It was made available for streaming in its entirety on Spinner.com on Monday, May 14, 2012.

Discography

 * Special Goodness (1998)
 * At Some Point, Birds and Flowers Became Interesting (2001)
 * Land Air Sea (2003)
 * Natural (2012)

title: The Special Goodness


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Efim Bogoljubow

Efim Bogoljubow, also known as Efim Dimitrijewitsch Bogoljubow (April 14, 1889 – June 18, 1952), was a Russian-born German chess grandmaster.

Early career
Bogoljubow learned how to play chess at 15 years old, and developed a serious interest at the age of 18. His father was a priest. Originally he wanted to become a priest too, and studied theology in Kiev, but he decided otherwise and enrolled in the Polytechnical Institute to study agriculture. He did not finish his studies and instead focused on chess.

In 1911, Bogoljubow tied for first place in the Kiev championships, and finished 9–10th in the Saint Petersburg (All-Russian Amateur) Tournament, won by Stepan Levitsky. In 1912, he took second place, behind Karel Hromádka, in Vilna (Vilnius) (Hauptturnier). In 1913/14, Bogoljubow finished eighth in Saint Petersburg (All Russian Masters' Tournament – eighth Russian championship; Alekhine and Aron Nimzowitsch came joint first).

World War I: Interned in Germany
In July/August 1914, Bogoljubow played in the Mannheim tournament (the 19th DSB Congress), and tied for 8–9th in that event, which was interrupted by World War I. After the declaration of war against Russia, eleven "Russian players" (Alekhine, Bogoljubow, Fedor Bogatyrchuk, Alexander Flamberg, N. Koppelman, Boris Maliutin, Ilya Rabinovich, Peter Romanovsky, Peter Petrovich Saburov, Alexey Selezniev, Samuil Weinstein) from the Mannheim tournament were interned by Germany. In September 1914, four of the internees (Alekhine, Bogatyrchuk, Saburov, and Koppelman) were allowed to return home via Switzerland. The remaining Russian internees played eight tournaments, the first held in Baden-Baden (1914) and all the others in Triberg im Schwarzwald (1914–1917). Bogoljubow took second place (behind Alexander Flamberg) in Baden-Baden, and won five times in Triberg (1914–1916). During this time he met Frieda Kaltenbach, daughter of a schoolteacher. They married in 1920 and had two daughters. Bogoljubow spent most of the rest of his life in Germany.

Successes and world championship matches
After the war, Bogoljubow won many international tournaments; at Berlin 1919, Stockholm 1919, Kiel 1921, and Pistyan (Pieštany) 1922. He tied for 1st–3rd at Karlsbad (Karlovy Vary) 1923. He sent his winnings from Pistyan to Triberg, where his wife used them to buy a house. The Bogoljubows made an income by renting rooms to tourists and visitors.

In 1924, Bogoljubow briefly returned to Russia, which had since become the Soviet Union, and won consecutive Soviet championships in 1924 and 1925. He also won at Breslau (Wrocław) 1925, and in Moscow, ahead of a field which included Emanuel Lasker and José Raúl Capablanca. This made him the only player to ever become both German and Soviet champion in the same year.

In the Soviet Union, Bogoljubow was not allowed to play tournaments without permission from Nikolai Krylenko. Thus in 1926, Bogoljubow emigrated to Germany, and thereafter became a "non-person" in the Soviet Union: mention of his name was forbidden. He won ahead of Akiba Rubinstein that year at Berlin. At Kissingen 1928, Bogoljubow triumphed (+6−1=4) over a field which included Capablanca, Nimzowitsch and Savielly Tartakower, et al. Bogoljubow won two matches against Max Euwe (both 5½–4½) in 1928 and 1928/29 in the Netherlands. He played matches for the World Chess Championship twice against Alekhine, losing 15½–9½ in 1929, and 15½–10½ in 1934.

Bogoljubow represented Germany at first board in the 4th Chess Olympiad at Prague 1931, winning the individual silver medal (+9−1=7).

In 1930, Bogoljubow twice tied for 2nd–3rd with Nimzowitsch, after Alekhine, in Sanremo; then with Gösta Stoltz, behind Isaac Kashdan, in Stockholm. In 1931, he tied for 1st–2nd in Swinemünde (27th DSB Congress). In 1933, Bogoljubow won in Bad Pyrmont (1st GER-ch). In 1935, he won at Bad Nauheim, and Bad Saarow. Bogoljubow tied for 1st–2nd at Berlin 1935, Bad Elster 1936, Bad Elster 1937. Bogoljubow won at Bremen 1937, Bad Elster 1938, and Stuttgart 1939 (the 1st Europaturnier).

When the Nazis came to power in 1933, Bogoljubow was no longer allowed to play for the German national team or in German championships. His situation was not helped even after he joined the Nazi party in 1938, so that his daughters would be allowed to study at university. Nonetheless, he coached the German national team for the 1936 (unofficial) and 1939 Chess Olympiads.

Accounts of Bogoljubow's opinion of the Nazis differ between sources. Hans Kmoch claims that he insisted to play with the swastika flag at Zandvoort 1936, but Fedor Bogatyrchuk claimed that he did not like to wear it, and that Bogoljubow was "only formally" a member of the Nazi party. Bogatyrchuk is quoted by Bogoljubow's biographer, Sergei Soloviov, as saying: "It was not a secret at all that E.D. [Bogoljubow] did not like the Bolsheviks, but I think only a few people knew that he was treating Hitler's wild ideas with at least equal revulsion and contempt."

World War II and after
Hans Frank, who enjoyed meeting top players and playing consultation games against them, invited Bogoljubow to move to Krakow to work as a chess player and translator. During World War II, Bogoljubow lost a match to Euwe (+2−5=3) at Krefeld 1941, and drew a mini-match with Alekhine (+2−2=0) at Warsaw 1943. He also played in numerous tournaments held in Germany and the General Government throughout the war. In 1940, Bogoljubow won in Berlin, and tied for 1st–2nd with Anton Kohler in Kraków/Krynica/ Warsaw (the 1st GG-ch). In 1941, he took fourth in Munich (the second Europaturnier; Stoltz won), and finished third, behind Alekhine and Paul Felix Schmidt, in Kraków/Warsaw (the 2nd GG-ch). In 1942, Bogoljubow finished fifth in Salzburg Grandmasters' tournament (Alekhine won), tied for third–fifth in Munich (1st European Championship – Europameisterschaft; Alekhine won), took third in Warsaw /Lublin/ Kraków (the 3rd GG-ch; Alekhine won). In 1943, he took fourth in Salzburg (Paul Keres and Alekhine won), and tied for second–third in Krynica (the 4th GG-ch; Josef Lokvenc won). In 1944, Bogoljubow won, ahead of Fedor Bogatyrchuk, in Radom (the 5th GG-ch). Bogoljubow trained Klaus Junge, Wolfgang Unzicker, and Klaus Darga.

After the war, Bogoljubow lived in West Germany, and was once again allowed to play in German championships. While his level of play had declined significantly by this time, nevertheless, in 1947, he won in Lüneburg, and Kassel. In 1949, Bogoljubow won in Bad Pyrmont (third West GER-ch), and tied for first–second with Elmārs Zemgalis in Oldenburg. In 1951, he won in Augsburg, and Saarbrücken.

The World Chess Federation (FIDE) did not award Bogoljubow the title International Grandmaster in 1950, as he was then considered politically compromised: pressure from the Soviet chess federation played a part in this decision. However, following outrage from the West, FIDE awarded him the title in 1951.

Bogoljubow died in his sleep in 1952, aged 63. He was posthumously rehabilitated in the Soviet Union after the beginning of perestroika.

Legacy
The opening known as the Bogo-Indian Defence (1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 Bb4+) is named after Bogoljubow.

Quotations

 * "When I am White I win because I am White. When I am Black I win because I am Bogoljubow."
 * "To have a knight planted in your game at K6 (e3/e6) is worse than a rusty nail in your knee."

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Efim Bogoljubow


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Single-player video game

A single-player video game is a video game where input from only one player is expected throughout the course of the gaming session. A single-player game is usually a game that can only be played by one person, while "single-player mode" is usually a game mode designed to be played by a single player, though the game also contains multi-player modes.

Most modern console games and arcade games are designed so that they can be played by a single player; although many of these games have modes that allow two or more players to play (not necessarily simultaneously), very few actually require more than one player for the game to be played. The Unreal Tournament series is one example of such.

History
The earliest video games, such as Tennis for Two (1958), Spacewar! (1962), and Pong (1972), were symmetrical games designed to be played by two players. Single-player games gained popularity only after this, with early titles such as Speed Race (1974) and Space Invaders (1978).

The reason for this, according to Raph Koster, is down to a combination of several factors: increasingly sophisticated computers and interfaces that enabled asymmetric gameplay, cooperative gameplay and story delivery within a gaming framework, coupled with the fact that the majority of early games players had introverted personality types (according to the Myers-Briggs personality type indicator).

Although most modern games incorporate a single-player element either as the core or as one of several game modes, single-player gaming is currently viewed by the video game industry as peripheral to the future of gaming, with Electronic Arts vice president Frank Gibeau stating in 2012 that he had not approved one game to be developed as a single-player experience.

The question of the financial viability of single-player AAA games was raised following the closure of Visceral Games by Electronic Arts (EA) in October 2017. Visceral had been a studio that established itself on a strong narrative single-player focus with Dead Space, and had been working on a single-player, linear narrative Star Wars game at the time of the closure; EA announced following this that they would be taking the game in a different direction, specifically "a broader experience that allows for more variety and player agency". Many commentators felt that EA made the change as they did not have confidence that a studio with an AAA-scale budget could produce a viable single-player game based on the popular Star Wars franchise. Alongside this, as well as relatively poor sales of games in the year prior that were principally AAA single-player games (Resident Evil 7, Prey, Dishonored 2, and Deus Ex: Mankind Divided) against financially successful multiplayer games and those offer a games-as-a-service model (Overwatch, Destiny 2, and Star Wars Battlefront 2), were indicators to many that the single-player model for AAA was waning. Manveer Heir, who had left EA after finishing his gameplay design work for Mass Effect Andromeda, acknowledged that the culture within EA was against the development of single-player games, and with Visceral's closure, "that the linear single-player triple-A game at EA is dead for the time being". Bethesda on December 7, 2017, decided to collaborate with Lynda Carter to launch a Public Safety Announcement to save single-player gaming.

A few years later in 2021, EA was reported to have revived interest in single-player games, following the successful launch of Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order in 2020. The company still planned on releasing live service games with multiplayer components, but began evaluating its IP catalog for more single-player titles to revive, such as a remake of the Dead Space franchise. Around the same time, head of Xbox Game Studios Phil Spencer said that they still see a place for narrative-driven single-player games even though the financial drivers of the market tended to be live service games. Spencer said that developing such games with AAA-scale budgets can be risky, but with availability of services like cloud gaming and subscription services, they can gauge audience reaction to these games early on and reduce the risk involved before releases.

Game elements
As the narrative and conflict in single-player gameplay is created by a computer rather than a human opponent, single-player games are able to deliver certain gaming experiences that are typically absent—or de-emphasised—in multiplayer games.

Story
Single-player games rely more heavily on compelling stories to draw the player into the experience and to create a sense of investment. Humans are unpredictable, so human players - allies or enemies - cannot be relied upon to carry a narrative in a particular direction, and so multiplayer games tend not to focus heavily on a linear narrative. By contrast, many single-player games are built around a compelling story.

Characters
While a multi-player game relies upon human-human interaction for its conflict, and often for its sense of camaraderie, a single-player game must build these things artificially. As such, single-player games require deeper characterisation of their non-player characters in order to create connections between the player and the sympathetic characters and to develop deeper antipathy towards the game's antagonists. This is typically true of role-playing games (RPGs), such as Dragon Quest and the Final Fantasy, which are primarily character-driven and have a different setting.

Exceptions
These game elements are not firm, fixed rules; single-player puzzle games such as Tetris or racing games focus squarely on gameplay.

title: Single-player video game


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Talk:Black-and-white colobus

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 4 September 2019 and 27 November 2019. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Rp8848. Peer reviewers: KaleighSmith, Sarahkwhelan, Rd989.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 15:55, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

Conservation status
Conservation status? --Yickbob (talk) 23:09, 21 March 2011 (UTC)

 * Black-and-white colobus is a genus consisting of several species. In such cases, each species has its own conservation status, not the genus as a whole. --Stfg (talk) 13:20, 13 April 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Black-and-white colobus


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Talk:Battle of Łódź (1914)

Untitled
Some of the material from previous versions is valid and could be incorporated into the new article. Or it might be easier to start again, I'm not yet really sure. Andrewa 16:30, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Which parts are valid? Not the Khrushchev joke, or the "Panzers had yet to be invented in 1914" bit... Robert Southworth 17:49, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Hmmmm, true. This comment was based on the edit history that didn't seem to be all jokesters.

 * What I should have said is, I haven't checked the article in detail to see whether any of the removed text is valid. Have you? If so, please tell us your findings, or better still, copy any that is valid into the article. Andrewa 22:51, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * True, the editors weren't all jokesters, but I think they were had. The basic text all came from the original anon source, so I wouldn't trust any of it.  Unfortunately, I don't know much about the battle myself; I was just pretty sure that it hadn't involved time travel. :) Robert Southworth 01:18, 2 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Appalling winter conditions?
...at times the temperature dropped as low as -10 degress. Minus ten what? Celsiusor Fahrenheit? Celsius makes more sence (since this battle took place in Europe), but -10C don't sound terrible appaling to me... WegianWarrior 05:42, 15 December 2005 (UTC)
 * That part has been taken out, but I'd suspect it meant Fahrenheit. Ten below zero in Celsius is just 14F, which is cold but not exactly "appalling," and not even all that unusual for the Łódź area in winter. Ten below in Fahrenheit (-23.3C) qualifies for "appalling." 74.245.91.25 21:23, 27 March 2007 (UTC)

Order of Battle
I removed a large section of text on the OOB because 6 Weltkrieg 459 ff does not appear to be a reliable source. On first blush, I think that information might be correct but we don't accept self-published works. Chris Troutman ( talk ) 06:36, 16 April 2014 (UTC)
 * While I appreciate you engaging me on this topic, this discussion belongs here on the article talk page, not my user talk. We cannot assume the website is reliable because you say so. It doesn't make sense to add information to Wikipedia if it is unreferenced or not referenced with reliable sources. Many of the articles about WWI suffer from this problem. Chris Troutman  ( talk ) 03:37, 18 April 2014 (UTC)
 * Weltkrieg is the Official German History of WW1. 6 Weltkrieg 459 ff is the cite for volume 6, pages 459 et seq Asayoelson (talk) 06:13, 22 May 2024 (UTC)

Add alternate name?
Should an inclusion be made to add the German reference name to this battle: Battle of Litzmannstadt (1914)? 203.46.132.214 (talk) 05:24, 19 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Battle of Łódź (1914)


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Beryl the Peril

Beryl the Peril (or simply Beryl) is a fictional character created by David Law, the creator of Dennis the Menace, for issue 1 of The Topper comic (dated 7 February 1953) published by DC Thomson & Co. Limited. Like Dennis, she had black and red apparel, and devilishly tormented her parents and other members of her community. Despite not having quite as many appearances as other DC Thomson characters such as Dennis the Menace or Desperate Dan, Beryl is still considered one of the classic characters which define the popularity of British comics.

Creation and concept
Beryl the Peril first appeared in the first issue of The Topper in 1953. She was created to be a female equivalent to The Beano's Dennis the Menace. Davey Law, her artist and creator, drew inspiration from his daughter, who would often pull faces during her tantrums. The strips were similar in concept to the Dennis the Menace ones in that she would cause chaos through menacing her neighbours, parents and school teachers. In 1958, Beryl was chosen as one of the few of D.C. Thomson's characters to earn an annual all to herself, consisting solely from reprints in past years.

Retirement of Law and rise in popularity
When Law retired in 1970 her strip was taken over by Bob McGrath and later John Dallas. Her costume changed at some point in the mid-1980s from her red top underneath a black dress to a blue and white striped jumper underneath a red dress. In 1986 she became The Topper's front page star, replacing Tricky Dicky. Her dog Pearl was also introduced shortly before that time, although before that she had a pet turkey called Gobbler. The same year, Robert Nixon took over, a cartoonist who followed in the steps of noted cartoonist Ken Reid, and her overall look became smoother and fuller. She also appeared far less like Dennis the Menace and seemed far more individual as a character. She remained with the comic when The Topper merged with The Beezer in 1990.

Move to The Dandy
The Beezer and Topper was cancelled in August 1993, and Beryl joined The Dandy comic. Notably, she was the only Beezer and Topper character to transfer to The Dandy as soon as the former comic folded. (The following refugee, Potsworth & Co., did not make the transition until about a month later when The Dandy went full colour, and later strips to make the transition were often retooled in the case of Blinky.)

Karl Dixon's Revamp
In 1999, the strip was taken over by Ollie Fliptrik artist Karl Dixon as Nixon had to go into semi-retirement due to health problems. It was around this time where the scripts began to take more of a domestic approach, and started to revolve more around Beryl's relationship with her dad. This formula had previously been used on another Dandy character, Dinah Mo, who had been dropped from the comic after the death of her last artist, Pete Moonie. The following year, Beryl's appearance was revamped. She reverted to her black and red clothes and her hairstyle became much more like that of Dennis the Menace – but her pigtails remained. She regained many of her Dennis-influenced traits as well such as the famous "behind the nose" grin and constant scowl. Beryl also attended Dennis the Menace's 50th birthday party, although she was a latecomer so she didn't actually participate in any of the party games or fights prior.

Beryl disappeared for a while after the October 2004 Dandy relaunch. Apart from one appearance in December that year, she returned from issue 3302, dated 12 March 2005.

From The Dandy issue dated 3 March 2006, Steve Bright took over Beryl as artist and her appearance reverted to how she had been drawn by David Law She went through another costume change – a baggy green and red T-shirt with baggy black jeans and trainers. However, she disappeared when The Dandy was relaunched in August 2007. She later re-appeared for four issues, but as reprints from the Nixon era.

Pass the Peril
In 2010, The Dandy was relaunched, dropping the "Xtreme" from its title and focusing far more on comics. Despite not immediately returning as a strip, Beryl made several cameo appearances in the revamped Dandy. In a segment entitled "What's in Cheryl's hair," a menacing-looking girl with pigtails is seen peeking out. This was labelled Beryl Cole and so is therefore not deemed an official appearance. However, she did make a return digitally via the social networking site Facebook. She was involved in an artist event called "Pass the Peril" in which four different artists were to draw four different strips based on the character and the website. The first was drawn by Steve Beckett and saw Beryl informing her father that her adventures would now continue via Facebook in which she, very much in character, smashed her father's face with a book. The second, drawn by Andy Fanton, shows Beryl mocking how it is fine to "write on a Wall" on Facebook but is considered deviant in real life, revealing that she has been tagging all over Dandy town. The third was illustrated by Nik Holmes and consisted of Beryl contacting old friends through Facebook and featured cameos of past Dandy and Topper characters such as Tricky Dicky, Mickey the Monkey and Smasher. The final strip was drawn by Nigel Auchterlounie and finished with Beryl deciding to un-Like her father on Facebook. This causes a chain effect in which other famous characters from The Dandy – including Korky the Cat, Desperate Dan and Bananaman – also unfriend her father, much to his dismay.

Beryl made her first appearance in the revamped Dandy comic in a Justin Beaver strip. She, alongside Minnie the Minx and Toots, appeared in the comic's title card chasing after Justin. She made yet another appearance in a "Harry and his Hippo" strip, drawn by Andy Fanton. In this strip, she is enjoying the Dandy swimming pool alongside other famous past Dandy characters.

Pass the Peril returned to Facebook mid-2011, this time focusing on Beryl attempting to make her own film. Also, the character returned in the 2012 Dandy Annual, once again drawn by Karl Dixon.

Beryl returned to the main Dandy in February 2012 as reprints from the mid-80s from The Topper. In mid-2012, Beryl came out of reprints and new strips were printed in the comic for 12 weeks by Steve Bright. Later in 2012, Beryl returned once more but this time back in reprints by Steve Bright from 2006–2007. Beryl also appeared in the 75th anniversary special of The Dandy, coming in at No. 8 by Nigel Parkinson in the style of Steve Bright.

Personality traits
Although Beryl is often perceived as a troublemaker similar to Dennis the Menace and Minnie the Minx, her personality changed several times. In the David Law strips, she is quite mischievous but also fun-loving and rather clumsy, whereas she became a more malicious character after John Dallas took over. However, after Robert Nixon took over, she became a much less menacing character, while the stories in the Karl Dixon era largely focused on the relationship between Beryl and her Dad. In the Karl Dixon stories, she shows little respect to her father, often referring to him as 'Beak-Boy' due to his abnormally large nose.

title: Beryl the Peril


text:
M-60 (Michigan highway)

M-60 is an east–west state trunkline highway in the US state of Michigan. It runs from the Niles area at a junction with US Highway 12 (US 12) to the Jackson area where it ends at Interstate 94 (I-94). The trunkline passes through a mix of farm fields and woodlands, crosses or runs along several rivers and connects several small towns of the southern area of the state. The westernmost segment runs along divided highway while the easternmost section is a full freeway bypass of Jackson.

M-60 was originally designed in 1919 with the rest of the state highway system in Michigan. It ran roughly along its current route connecting downtown Niles to downtown Jackson. In the mid-1920s, the western end was extended to New Buffalo; since then several bypasses of the smaller towns along the highway were added. One of these bypasses resulted in the creation of an alternate route (Alternate M-60, Alt. M-60) through Concord; that route has since been decommissioned. When Niles was bypassed in the 1950s, a business loop (Business M-60, Bus. M-60) was created through town. After the western end was truncated to its current location, that business loop was converted to a business spur.

Route description
M-60 starts at an interchange along US 12 southeast of Niles in southwestern Cass County. From this interchange, the highway runs northeasterly along the divided highway on Detroit Road to an intersection with Bus. M-60 (Yankee Road). There, the main highway turns due east along the shore of Barron Lake. The trunkline continues through mixed farm fields and woodlands, running northeastward to Cassopolis and rounding Stone Lake on the southern approach to town. M-60 runs north–south through town on Broadway Street, merging with M-62 to run concurrently into downtown Cassopolis. M-60 turns eastward on State Street, separating from M-62, and leaves town while crossing a line of the Canadian National Railway.

East of Cassopolis, M-60 runs past Diamond Lake and through farm fields. At Vandalia, the highway passes Donnell Lake before meeting M-40 north of Bair Lake in Jones. East of Jones, the trunkline crosses into St. Joseph County and meets US 131 on the south side of Three Rivers. The two highways run concurrently northward through a retail business corridor to an intersection with Michigan Avenue. M-60 turns east along Michigan Avenue following Bus. US 131 into downtown. The business loop turns north at the same intersection where M-60 meets M-86 near the Rocky River crossing. Continuing eastward, M-60 passes the high school and Three Rivers Municipal Dr. Haines Airport while running along the St. Joseph River. The trunkline turns north, runs by Fishers Lake and continues out of town through farm fields. Near Mendon, the highway runs along the river again. East of town, M-60 meets M-66, and the two run east and northeast through Leonidas into the extreme northwest corner of Branch County.

South of Athens, M-66 turns northward and M-60 continues around Union City and into southern Calhoun County. The road runs through Burlington on Leroy Street. At Marshall Street. M-60 meets the southern end of M-311 which runs north to the Battle Creek area. M-60 continues east through farm fields to Tekonsha where it meets Interstate 69 (I-69) northwest of town. Continuing to Homer, the highway runs along Lehigh Street in town; M-99 merges into M-60 after the intersection with Hillsdale Street. East of town, the highway widens into a four-lane divided highway; M-99 turns north along this short section of roadway and M-60 reverts to a two-lane highway again. The trunkline crosses the Kalamazoo River at Concord before it crosses into Jackson County. At Spring Arbor, M-60 passes the campus of Spring Arbor University. Outside of Jackson, the highway widens out to a full freeway bypass around the west side of the city. This bypass has one interchange with Michigan Avenue near Jackson County Airport. North of this interchange, the highway picks up the Business Loop I-94 and crosses the Norfolk Southern Railway line in the area. The freeway ends at a trumpet interchange with I-94 northwest of Jackson.

M-60 is maintained by the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) like other state highways. Among these responsibilities, the department tracks the level of traffic that uses the roadways under its jurisdiction. This is expressed using a metric called annual average daily traffic (AADT), which is a statistical calculation of the average daily number of vehicles on a segment of roadway. According to MDOT's surveys in 2009, the highest traffic counts were 12,547 cars and 999 trucks along the freeway immediately south of I-94 near Jackson; the lowest AADT was the 2601 cars and 384 trucks west of Union City. Only two sections of M-60 have been listed on the National Highway System (NHS): along the US 131 concurrency in Three Rivers and on the BL I-94 concurrency near Jackson. The NHS is a network of roads important to the country's economy, defense, and mobility.

History
M-60 was designated with the rest of the original state highway system by July 1, 1919, on a series of roads running between Niles and Jackson by way of Cassopolis, Three Rivers and Tekonsha. By the end of 1927, the western end was extended to terminate at US 12 at New Buffalo. In the early to mid-1930s, the Michigan State Highway Department (MSHD) realigned the New Buffalo–Niles section to bypass Galien and Buchanan, and the department extended US 112 concurrently along M-60 to New Buffalo. M-60 was rerouted around Concord in 1933,  Tekonsha was bypassed by the MSHD in late 1936, and the highway was routed around Union City  in 1937. The MSHD continued to improve the highway through the end of the 1930s. The last segment between Tekonsha and Homer was paved in 1940, making all of M-60 a hard-surfaced roadway.

In late 1949 or early 1950, the MSHD shifted M-60 through the Jones area to straighten the roadway. The US 131 bypass of Three Rivers opened in 1953; the US 131/M-60 concurrency became a Bus. US 131/M-60 concurrency through town as a result. On December 1, 1956, the highway department opened the first 6.6 mi of a new four-lane divided highway around the south side of Niles, with the final 1.6 mi of the bypass opening early the next year. Consequently, they converted the former route through town into a business loop. Bus. M-60 connected the bypass into downtown where it continued along Bus. US 112 back to US 112/M-60. At the end of the 1950s, M-60 was moved to a freeway bypass along the west side of Jackson; the final mile was also designated Bus. US 12 as both highways connected to the I-94/US 12 freeway north of the city. The western end was redesignated as a part of US 12 in the late 1961, and the M-60 designation was truncated off this roadway in 1966. M-60's routing has remained unchanged since.

Special routes
There have been two different special routes of M-60. Business M-60 (Bus. M-60) in Niles is still in existence, while Alternate M-60 (Alt. M-60) in Concord has been decommissioned.

Business M-60
Business M-60 (Bus. M-60) is a state business spur running through the city of Niles and adjacent townships. The spur starts at the intersection with M-51 (Main Street, 11th Street) and runs eastward along a former routing of M-60 on Oak Street through a residential section of town. Near the Berrien–Cass county line, the highway passes south of the Jerry Tyler Memorial Airport. East of the airport, the street name changes from Oak Street to Yankee Road, and Bus. M-60 runs to its terminus at M-60 (Detroit Road). The total length is 2.554 mi, and 5,284–7,984 cars and 333 trucks use the route each day.

The business route was a loop route, continuing through downtown along Bus. US 112 when the designation was created in late 1956 or early 1957. M-60 was truncated west of Niles in 1966; at the same time, Bus. M-60 was truncated at its junction with Bus. US 12/M-51 near downtown.

Alternate M-60
Alternate M-60 (Alt. M-60) was an alternate loop route running through Concord. It acted as a "business route" into downtown Concord during its short lifetime after a bypass of town along M-60 was built. Its appearance predated the development of business routes in Michigan. Concord was bypassed in 1933, resulting in the creation of the alternate route. That route was turned over to local control the next year, decommissioning the designation.

title: M-60 (Michigan highway)


text: User talk:207.236.24.133

title: User talk:207.236.24.133


text:
User talk:Harp

Hi, welcome to the English Wikipedia. Glad you've decided to do some contributing here, too. Isomorphic 16:35, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Fusion Diagram
I have redrawn my diagram in Inkscape (which is excellent) and uploaded an SVG to the commons. You can find it here: commons:Image:FusionintheSun.svg. However, as you have probably noticed, mediawiki, or imagemagick, has not rendered the end-markers at all. Firefox renders them properly, if you view the SVG directly. I am not sure what is wrong. Maybe you could have a look if you know a bit about SVG? The first, slightly bigger, file that I uploaded is the Inkscape SVG which you might find more useful, The second is the plain SVG. -- Borb 21:36, 3 April 2006 (UTC)

Particle physics images
Hi Harp. I was just archiving stuff on my page, and I ran across the old notes you sent on particle physics images that you created, organized, etc. I got them all when I wasn't really doing much on Wikipedia, so I apologize for not replying. Anyway, what you've put together looks good—if there's still anything I ought to do to help, let me know. -- SCZenz 17:19, 13 April 2006 (UTC)

Sentence at Big Bang article
There is no compelling physical model for the first 10-33 seconds of the universe, before the phase transition called for ??????? by grand unification theory.

Hi. The sentence at Big Bang was complete. "Call for" means "ask for", "indicate to be necessary", etc., and there's no way to put a word into "the phase transition called for __ by grand unification theory" that makes any sense. Any native speaker of English would understand the grammar of the sentence. However, since many non-native speakers read the English Wikipedia, I changed it to something I hope will be a little clearer and better style: "There is no compelling physical model for the first 10-33 seconds of the universe, before the phase transition that grand unification theory calls for." Thanks for bringing this to my attention. —JerryFriedman 16:36, 28 April 2006 (UTC)

orbit.svg
Hi, your new figure looks like a significant improvement over the old one. I like it. Put it in, I think! I feel a bit silly suggesting any improvements since it's usually more hard work than it seems, but perhaps the orbit could be outlined with a darker line than the yellow (it'd be useful to have it more prominent than the ecliptic), and the blue arrow for the argument of perihelion could be moved further out from the center so the concentration of arrows there is smaller. Deuar 14:27, 27 May 2006 (UTC)

Large Hadron Collider is Science Collaboration of the Week
User:Samsara (talk • contribs) 11:46, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

--- Harp

You left a message on my discussion page (Jz_007) Such are the vagaries of Wikipedia authoring that I've no idea how I should respond and the help section wasn't much help! See more at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Jz_007

JZ

My finicky action re attribution of talk
I think you are also (as you in effect claimed) User:193.224.148.63. I restored that IP's sig, and explained in an annotation, at Talk:Edwin Hubble. You may regard my action as overly cautious, but i hope you will communicate with me on this talk page about possibly establishing that you at least have access to the IP address, reinforcing your colleagues' confidence in that claim. (Let's keep our discussion together on this page, but i'm not sure how often you're seeing messages on it, and you should feel free to alert me at my user-talk -- and please alert me, if you see i've made contribs on several different days since a response by you without my answering.) Thanks! --Jerzy•t 06:46, 15 January 2010 (UTC)

Color tool
Please do not add inappropriate external links to Wikipedia. Wikipedia is not a collection of links, nor should it be used for advertising or promotion. Inappropriate links include, but are not limited to, links to personal websites, links to websites with which you are affiliated (whether as a link in article text, or a citation in an article), and links that attract visitors to a website or promote a product. See the external links guideline and spam guideline for further explanations. Because Wikipedia uses the nofollow attribute value, its external links are disregarded by most search engines. If you feel the link should be added to the page, please discuss it on the associated talk page rather than re-adding it. Thank you. --Ronz (talk) 23:04, 28 April 2014 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
Hi, You appear to be eligible to vote in the current Arbitration Committee election. The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to enact binding solutions for disputes between editors, primarily related to serious behavioural issues that the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the ability to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail. If you wish to participate, you are welcome to review the candidates' statements and submit your choices on the voting page. For the Election committee, MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 22:12, 30 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Harp


text:
Interstate 440

Interstate 440 may refer to:
 * Interstate 440 (Arkansas), a bypass of northeastern Little Rock
 * Interstate 440 (North Carolina), a bypass route in Raleigh
 * Interstate 440 (Oklahoma), abolished—now part of Interstate 44
 * Interstate 440 (Tennessee), a bypass of Nashville, now long since overgrown by the city

title: Interstate 440


text:
Talk:Jim Jeffords

Leadership votes
A leadership vote is a vote on which the party leadership declares (through the Whip) that all members of the caucus must vote with the leadership unless excused. Members are routinely excused if their constituency might vote them out of office over the issue. It is rare that a particular vote is a leadership vote for one party but not the other. When a vote splits closely along party lines, it is almost certainly a leadership vote, though that isn't normally public information per se. Those who cross party lines almost always do so with permission from the Whip. Those who flaunt the system are not ostracized (as you show with the Traficant example) because doing so would just cause the member to switch parties in most cases. Rather, less drastic steps are taken like denying the chairmanship of a committee or subcommittee. Jeffords left the Republicans because he wasn't excused from a leadership vote, voted against the leadership, and was punished. Bernie Sanders is also an excellent example, though my understanding (2nd hand) is that Sanders' deal requires him to vote with the leadership on both procedural and substantive matters. The Ron Paul case is interesting because he wasn't technically elected as an independent, but still has blanket freedom on substantive leadership votes. To the best of my knowledge this is unique since parties formed in the US. - Mcarling 20:49, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Actually, to be technically accurate all U.S. Senators are free to vote as they like on substantive matters - they must merely be prepared to face the consequences. Since the Democratic and Republican Caucuses in both the Senate and the House assign committee seats and seniority, this is a very dangerous and rarely taken course of action. As I'm sure you know, committees are where most work gets done on the Hill, so serving in Congress without committee assignments would be like being in college without taking any classes - you wouldn't ever get anything accomplished (although it might be fun.....). An example of this step being taken was in 2002 when the House Democratic Caucus suspended Jim Traficant (D-OH) just prior to his expulsion from Congress. The Democrats never suspended Traficant in the many years before that, despite his many votes against established Democratic Party positions on bills - only after it had become clear that he had broken the law, and was on his way to being expelled from Congress and convicted, was he suspended from the Caucus. This means that all "Independents" or "Third-Party" Members of Congress must caucus with one of the two major parties, and this usually involves voting for that party in the leadership elections. An example more similar to Jeffords' than Ron Paul would Bernie Sanders, the longtime Independent Congressman from Jeffords' own state of Vermont. Sanders, a Socialist elected as an Independent, has caucused with the Democrats since 1991 while maintaining his official Independent status. This is how I understand the parliamentary procedure in the House and the Senate, especially in regards to third-party/independent elected officials. I may well be mistaken or under-informed, but I'd appreciate a clarification of your terms in that case, especially "declared leadership votes" and "procedural leadership votes." --Xinoph 19:57, Mar 1, 2004 (UTC)

 * I thought Traficant was not given any caucus seats because he broke party lines and voted for Hastert instead of Gephardt in the speaker elections.--Jiang 03:00, 2 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Xinoph, do you know what a leadership vote it? If you don't, it might not seem interesting to you that Jim Jeffords is free to vote as he likes on substantive matters. You may think that all US Senators are free to vote as they like on all substantive matters. Actually, Jim Jeffords is unique among current US Senators in that he doesn't need to seek permission from the Whip to vote against the leadership on declared leadership votes on substantive matters. He still needs permission on procedural leadership votes (which is rarely given). - Mcarling 16:40, 1 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Direct mail
Rmisiak's addition reads suspiciously like original research from someone who received a Jefford fundraising appeal in err, in which case it doesn't belong here. If that's not the case, please cite an external new source reporting on the alleged controversy. RadicalSubversiv E 19:58, 25 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Talk show gossip
Some national talk shows have implied that his not running in '06 is the result of his being in the early stages of dementia and that he recently showed up in the House chamber thinking that he was in the Senate. Now, this sort of thing doesn't belong in the article without better sourcing, but would seem to explain a lot. Rlquall 06:28, 28 May 2005 (UTC)

 * My understanding, from someone in a position to know, is that these stories are true. It's odd that there still has been no official word on this (and very little reporting).  Of course we cannot put anything about this in the article itself without sources.--Bigtimepeace | talk |  contribs 04:12, 20 June 2007 (UTC)

Ironic wording

 * I suggest rewording this, it just seems creepy to me:

 * Jeffords married his late wife, Elizabeth "Liz" Daley twice —Preceding unsigned comment added by 174.101.136.61 (talk) 12:10, 4 June 2009 (UTC)

 * I find it creepy too! I would suggest expanding it to:
 * Jeffords married is wife, Elizabeth "Liz" Daley twice. She died of on.
 * (Ewwww maried his late wife... ewww ) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Artoftransformation (talk • contribs) 01:35, 9 November 2010 (UTC)

Attempted Murder
What about this:

Is this true? 83.24.194.186 04:30, 13 August 2006 (UTC)

Here's a website with the details...believe it or not

http://www.loc.gov/catdir/samples/simon031/2002030330.html

committee assignments
What were his committee assignments when he left the Senate, besides Public Works and HELP? 74.69.11.229 (talk) 02:22, 8 March 2013 (UTC)

Commons files used on this page or its Wikidata item have been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons files used on this page or its Wikidata item have been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 01:53, 22 May 2023 (UTC)
 * Jeffords Wedding.jpg
 * Jeffords at 7.jpg
 * JeffordsInNavy.jpg
 * State Senator Jeffords.jpg

title: Talk:Jim Jeffords


text:
Vladimir Akopian

Vladimir Akopian (Владимир Акопян, Վլադիմիր Հակոբյան; born December 7, 1971) is an Armenian-American chess Grandmaster.

Career
Akopian was born in Baku, Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, Soviet Union. He won the World Under-16 Championship in 1986 at the age of 14 and the World Under-18 Championship at 16. In 1991 he won the World Junior Chess Championship.

He won the Armenian Chess Championship in 1996 and 1997. In 1999 he made his way through to the final of the FIDE knockout World Chess Championship, but lost to Alexander Khalifman by 3.5-2.5.

At the Russia vs the Rest of the World 2002, Akopian defeated FIDE #1 ranked Garry Kasparov in 25 moves in the final eighth round.

Akopian defeated World Champion Vladimir Kramnik in the first round of the Corus chess tournament 2004 and was in the lead for the beginning of the tournament. He finished the contest in tenth place.

He made it to the quarterfinals in the FIDE World Chess Championship 2004, where he lost to eventual tournament runner-up Michael Adams.

In 2005 he tied for 1st–5th with Emil Sutovsky, Andrei Kharlov, Vassily Ivanchuk and Alexander Motylev at the Aeroflot Open in Moscow. Akopian had a score of 6.5 at the Aeroflot Open 2005 and took part in a five-way tie. After the tiebreaker, he came in fifth.

It was reported that Akopian had to withdraw from the 2005 Dubai Open when he was arrested at Dubai airport having been mistaken for an individual of the same name wanted by Interpol for murder.

Early in 2007, Akopian won the Gibtelecom Masters in Gibraltar with a score of 7.5/9 ahead of a group of players tied at 7/9 including Michael Adams.

Akopian came in third place at the Fourth FIDE Grand Prix in April 2009 with a score of 7.5/13, one point behind compatriot Levon Aronian. He lost to Peter Leko, who had the same score, in a tiebreaker.

In December 2009, he was awarded the title of "Honoured Master of Sport of the Republic of Armenia".

On the May 2013 FIDE list, he has an Elo rating of 2705, making him number 39 in the world and Armenia's number two player, behind Levon Aronian.

In 2021, Akopian switched federations to represent the United States of America.

Team competitions
The Armenia national chess team made its Chess Olympiad debut at the 30th Chess Olympiad in 1992 and won bronze. Akopian played on board two for the Olympiad, behind Rafael Vaganian. Akopian was one of the contributing players on the Armenian chess team which won gold at the 2006 Chess Olympiad ahead of second placed China and third placed United States. Akopian played on board two for the Olympiad.

Akopian won the 38th Chess Olympiad in Dresden (2008) with the Armenia national Chess team, winning gold for the second time in a row at a Chess Olympiad. Armenian President Serzh Sargsyan attended the Olympiad to support the team. After the Olympiad, they flew back to Armenia with him on the presidential plane, Air Force Armenia One.

Armenia and Akopian regained their Olympiad title at the 40th Chess Olympiad (2012). This was the third time Armenia won gold at the Olympiad. Akopian played on board two at the previous two and board three for the latest. As the players were awarded their gold medals, the Armenian national anthem Mer Hayrenik was played and the Armenian flag was raised in Istanbul. Levon Aronian was holding an Armenian flag up as he and his team were standing on the first place podium. Upon returning to Yerevan, the players were welcomed back with a ceremony by many people in the city the moment their airplane touched down in Zvartnots Airport.

Akopian revealed after the 40th Olympiad that he is unsure if he will ever compete at the Chess Olympiads again.

He was a member of the gold medal-winning Armenian team at the World Team Chess Championship in 2011. It was the first time that the Armenian team won this tournament. Akopian played on board three.

Notable games

 * Vladimir Akopian vs Kiril D Georgiev, Ch World FIDE, Las Vegas (USA) 1999, Queen's Indian Defense: Kasparov-Petrosian Variation, Romanishin Attack (E12), 1-0
 * Junior (Computer) vs Vladimir Akopian, SuperGM 2000, Owen Defense: General (B00), 1/2-1/2
 * Vladimir Akopian vs Garry Kasparov, Russia vs The Rest of the World 2002, Sicilian Defense: Nyezhmetdinov-Rossolimo Attack (B30), 1-0
 * Alexey Korotylev vs Vladimir Akopian, Aeroflot Open 2006, Benoni Defense: Classical Variation, General (A70), 0-1

title: Vladimir Akopian


text:
Prague Metro

The Prague Metro (Pražské metro) is the rapid transit network of Prague, Czech Republic. Founded in 1974, the system consists of three lines (A, B and C) serving 61 stations (predominantly with island platforms), and is 65.2 km long. The system served 568 million passengers in 2021 (about 1.55 million daily).

Two types of rolling stock are used on the Metro: the 81-71M (a completely modernized variant of the original 81-717/714.1), and the Metro M1. All the lines are controlled automatically from the central dispatching, near I.P. Pavlova station. The Metro is operated by the Prague Public Transit Company (, DPP), and integrated in the Prague Integrated Transport (Pražská integrovaná doprava, PID) system.

Basic information
The Prague Metro has three lines and one "Line D" under construction, each represented by its own colour on the maps and signs: Line A (green, 17 stations, 17 km), Line B (yellow, 24 stations, 26 km) and Line C (red, 20 stations, 22 km). There are 58 stations in total (three of which are transfer stations) connected by nearly 66 kilometres of mostly underground railways. Service operates from 4–5 am until midnight, with two- to three-minute intervals between trains during rush hours and four to ten minutes between trains at other times. Nearly 600 million passengers use the Prague Metro every year (about 1.6 million daily).

The system is run by the Prague Public Transit Company Co. Inc. (Czech: , DPP), which also manages the other means of public transport around the city, including the trams, buses, five ferries, the funicular to Petřín Hill, and the chairlift inside the Prague Zoo.

Since 1993, the system has been connected to commuter trains and buses, and also to "park-and-ride" parking lots. Together, they form an extensive public transportation network reaching further from the city, called Prague Integrated Transport (Czech: Pražská integrovaná doprava, PID). Whilst the large system is zonally priced, the Metro is entirely inside the central zone.

Many stations are quite large, with several entrances spaced relatively far apart. This can often lead to confusion for those unfamiliar with the system, especially at the central hubs such as Můstek or Muzeum. In general the stations are well signposted even for those unfamiliar with the Czech language.

System layout and stations

The Prague Metro system is radial, with each line running through the city centre from termini in the outskirts; however, the lines do not meet at a single central station. Rather, the three lines form a triangle in the centre of the city, with three interchange stations at the vertices of the triangle: Florenc, Můstek, and Muzeum. Each interchange station has two halls, one hall for each line.

The depth of the stations (and the connecting lines) varies considerably. The deepest station is Náměstí Míru, located 52 m under the ground. Parts of the tracks in the city centre were mostly bored using a tunnelling shield. Outer parts were dug by a cut-and-cover method, and these stations are only a few metres under the surface. Part of Line B runs in a glassed-in tunnel above the ground.

Most stations have a single island platform in the centre of the station hall (tunnel) serving both directions. The sub-surface stations have a straight ceiling sometimes supported by columns, while the deep-level stations are larger tunnels with the track tunnels on each side. The walls of many stations are decorated using coloured aluminium panels; each station has its own colour. Some stations are considered among the finest in Europe.

Metro M1
Metro M1 trains have operated on Line C since 2000; they completely replaced older cars on this line in 2003. DPP owns 265 of these cars, which form 53 five-car trains. These cars were developed specially for Prague, and were manufactured there between 2000 and 2003 by a consortium consisting of ČKD Praha, ADtranz and Siemens (during the contract, Siemens acquired ČKD Praha). The total length of the train is 96.66 m, the acceleration is 1.3 m/s2, and the total capacity of the train is 1,464 people (224 sitting, 1,240 standing). This unit was also adapted for use in Venezuela on the Maracaibo Metro.

81-71M
81-71M trains are a modernized variant of the old Soviet 81-717 trains with new traction motors, technical equipment, interiors, and exteriors. They have operated on Lines A and B since 1996. The modernization was conducted by Škoda Transportation and ČKD between 1996 and 2011. DPP owns 465 81-71M cars, which form 93 five-car trains. The total length of the train is 96.11 m, and the acceleration is identical to that of the Metro M1 cars, at 1.3 m/s2. Similar reconstructions were also made on the Tbilisi Metro and Yerevan Metro, as well as a near-identical version exported to Kyiv from Metrowagonmash as part of the Slavutich project, designated 81-553.1, 81–554.1 and 81-555.1.

Previously in service

 * 81-71, old Soviet trains manufactured by Metrovagonmash were gradually phased out and replaced by the modernized versions. Their service ended on 2 July 2009. One vehicle is stored in the Museum of Prague public transport, while one fully-operational train of five cars stays in the Zličín (B) depot for special occasions.
 * Ečs, Soviet trains manufactured by Metrovagonmash, that ran on Line C, in service from 1974 to 1997. One vehicle is also stored in the Museum of Prague public transport, while one fully-operational train of three cars is stored in the Zličín (B) depot.

History
Although the Prague Metro system is relatively new, the idea of underground transport in Prague dates back many years. The first proposal to build a sub-surface railway was made by Ladislav Rott in 1898. He encouraged the city council to take advantage of the fact that parts of the central city were already being dug up for sewer work. Rott wanted them to start digging tunnels for the railway at the same time. However, the plan was denied by the city authorities. Another proposal in 1926, by Bohumil Belada and Vladimír List, was the first to use the term "Metro", and though it was not accepted either, it served as an impulse for moving towards a real solution of the rapidly developing transport in Prague.

In the 1930s and 1940s, intensive projection and planning works took place, taking into account two possible solutions: an underground tramway (regular rolling stock going underground in the city center, nowadays described as a "premetro", "Stadtbahn" or "subway-surface") and a "true" metro having its own independent system of railways. After World War II, all work was stopped due to the poor economic situation of the country, although the three lines, A, B and C, had been almost fully designed.

In the early 1960s the concept of the sub-surface tramway was finally accepted and on 9 August 1967 the building of the first station (Hlavní nádraží) started. However, in the same year, a substantial change in the concept came, as the government, under the influence of Soviet advisers, decided to build a true metro system instead of an underground tramway. Thus, during the first years, the construction continued while the whole project was conceptually transformed. During the construction of the metro, a Czech rolling stock manufacturer, ČKD Tatra Smíchov, was charged with designing the trains. Two prototype two-car units under the name R1 were constructed in 1970 and 1971 and were used for field testing. However, the then-Czechoslovakian government decided instead to order the trains for the underground from the Soviet Union (which would soon become Ečs, part of the Soviet "E" series, standing for "E Czechoslovak"). The R1 rolling stock would later be scrapped in the 1980s, near the end of the Cold War. Regular service on the first section of Line C began on 9 May 1974 between Sokolovská (now Florenc) and Kačerov stations.

Since then, many extensions have been built and the number of lines has risen to three.

On 22 February 1990, 13 station names reflecting mostly communist ideology were changed to be politically neutral. For example, Leninova station, which contained a giant bust of Vladimir Lenin before the Velvet Revolution, was renamed Dejvická after a nearby street and surrounding neighbourhood. Other changes were: Dukelská – Nové Butovice, Švermova – Jinonice, Moskevská – Anděl, Sokolovská – Florenc, Fučíkova – Nádraží Holešovice, Gottwaldova – Vyšehrad, Mládežnická – Pankrác, Primátora Vacka – Roztyly, Budovatelů – Chodov, Družby – Opatov, Kosmonautů – Háje.

In August 2002, the system suffered disastrous flooding that struck parts of Bohemia and other areas in Central Europe (see 2002 European flood). 19 stations were flooded, causing a partial collapse of the transport system in Prague; the damage to the Metro has been estimated at approximately 7 billion CZK (over US$225 million in exchange rate at that time). The affected sections of the Metro stayed out of service for several months; the last station (Křižíkova, located in the most-damaged area – Karlín) reopened in March 2003. Small gold plates have been placed at some stations to show the highest water level of the flood. Service was suspended between:
 * Radlická and Kolbenova on Line B
 * Malostranská and Náměstí Míru on Line A
 * Hlavní nádraží and Nádraží Holešovice on Line C (before the extension to Ládví in 2004 and to Letňany in 2008)

A number of stations were closed due to flooding in June 2013. Replacement trams ran between Dejvická and Muzeum on Line A and Českomoravská and Smíchovské nádraží on Line B, and replacement buses between Kobylisy and Muzeum on Line C due to closed sections of the track.

Extensions
After regular service on the first section of Line C began in 1974 between Florenc and Kačerov, building of extensions continued quite rapidly. In 1978, Line A was opened, and Line B opened in 1985, thus forming the triangle with three crossing points. Since then, the lines have been extended outwards from the center.

In 1980 and 1990, Line A was extended eastward from Náměstí Míru to Želivského and Skalka. Line B was extended from Nové Butovice to Zličín in 1994 and from Českomoravská to Černý Most in 1998, and the Kolbenova and Hloubětín stations were opened in 2001. Expansion of Line C was carried out in 1980 (Kačerov – Háje) and 1984 (Florenc – Nádraží Holešovice).

A northern extension of Line C was opened on 26 June 2004, with two more stations, Kobylisy and Ládví. New tunnels were built under the Vltava river using a unique "ejecting-tunnels" technology. First, a trench was excavated in the riverbed and the concrete tunnels constructed in dry docks on the riverbank. Then the docks were flooded, and the floating tunnels were moved as a rigid complex to their final position, sunk, anchored, and covered.

Line A was extended to the east on 26 May 2006, when a new terminus, Depo Hostivař, opened. The station was constructed within the railway depot.

Line C was extended to the northeast to connect the city center to the housing blocks at Prosek and a large shopping center at Letňany. Three stations (Střížkov, Prosek, and Letňany) opened on 8 May 2008.

In April 2015, Line A was extended westward from Dejvická to Nemocnice Motol with four new stations: Bořislavka, Nádraží Veleslavín, Petřiny, and Nemocnice Motol. The Nádraží Veleslavín station is also the new terminus of the 119 bus to Václav Havel Airport.

Plans for an extension to the airport have been proposed, but never put into action. According to estimates from 2018 the project would cost about 26.8 billion crowns and take 11 years to complete.

Future plans
Another phase of the extension of Line A was planned from Nemocnice Motol to the Václav Havel Airport, but it is very likely that this extension will not be built and the airport will be serviced by a new railway instead.

Line D
There are plans to build a new line, Line D (blue), which will connect the city centre to southern parts of the city. According to current plans, the line will run for 11 kilometers and start in the city center and lead to Vršovice, Krč, Libuš, and Písnice. There will be 10 stations: Náměstí Míru (transfer to Line A), Náměstí bratří Synků, Pankrác (transfer to Line C), Olbrachtova, Nádraží Krč, Nemocnice Krč, Nové Dvory, Libuš, Písnice and Depo Písnice. Line D is very important for improving the traffic situation in the southern and southeastern part of the city. In the second stage it is planned to extend this line from Pankrác to Náměstí Míru (Peace Square). The first part of Line D is planned to be built between 2022 and 2029.

Line E
There are also plans for Line E, which will probably be circular. The exact route has not yet been determined. In the beginning of the 21st century, there were discussions regarding it in the connection with plans to organise the Summer Olympic Games in Prague, which were however canceled. The Praha sobě list endorsed the idea of a circular metro line during the run-up to the 2022 Prague municipal election.

Features
The name of the Můstek station means "little bridge" and refers to the area around the station. The origin of the area's name was not known until remains of a medieval bridge were discovered during construction of the station. The remains were incorporated into the station and can be seen near the northwestern exit of the station.

The escalators at Náměstí Míru (Peace Square) station in Vinohrady are the longest escalators in the European Union (length 87 m, vertical span 43.5 m, 533 steps, taking 2 minutes and 15 seconds to ascend). Náměstí Míru is also the deepest station in the European Union, at 53 metres.

Between I. P. Pavlova and Vyšehrad stations, Line C runs inside the box structure of the large Nusle Bridge over a steep valley. The terminal station Depo Hostivař was constructed within the buildings of an existing railway depot. The extension is the first segment of the system to be built above ground and not through a tunnel. There are no reversing tracks in the terminus; trains depart from the same track on which they arrive.

Anděl station was known as Moskevská (Moscow station) until 1990. It opened on the same day in 1985 as the Prazhskaya (Prague) station on the Moscow Metro. It contains several pieces of art promoting Soviet-Czechoslovak friendship. Anděl station, like the Smíchov train station, contains some of the best-preserved examples of Communist-era art remaining in Prague. Works were carried out from 2014-15 to make the station accessible for wheelchair users.

The entrance hall of the Hradčanská station still features the coat of arms of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and the motto Všechna moc v Československé socialistické republice patří pracujícímu lidu ("All the power in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic belongs to the working people"), which were parts of the station's original socialist-realist design.

During the communist period, rumours circulated that large "survival chambers" were being built for high officials of the government in case of a nuclear attack. After the fall of communism such areas were shown indeed to exist, but not on the scale envisioned nor fitted out in luxury.

Tickets
The Prague Metro operates on a proof-of-payment system, as does the rest of the PID network. Passengers must buy and validate a ticket before entering a station's paid area. There are uniformed and plainclothes fare inspectors who randomly check passengers' tickets within the paid area.

Basic single tickets cost 40 CZK (as of 1 August 2021) for a 90-minute ride or 30 CZK for a 30-minute ride. In November 2007 SMS purchase for basic single transfer tickets and day tickets was introduced (available only from Czech mobile phones).

Short-term tourist passes are available for periods of 24 hours (120 CZK) and 3 days (330 CZK). As of 2019, single tickets and short term passes can be purchased online using the PID Lítačka smartphone app. Since April 2019 single and 24hour tickets can be also bought on board of every tram and in all metro stations, using contactless payment, including payment apps like Google Pay or Apple Pay. Such tickets are already validated from the time of purchase.

Longer-term season tickets can be bought on the smart ticketing system Lítačka card, for periods of one month (550 CZK), three months (1480 CZK) or the annual pass for 3650 CZK (10 CZK/day). Students studying in the Czech republic with a valid student license ISIC, children under 18 years old, and seniors over 60 years of age can buy season tickets at reduced prices. Reduced ticket prices are: 130 CZK for 30 days, 360 CZK for 90 days, and 1280 CZK for a year.

Senior citizens aged 65 or older and children up to 14 years old can ride for free.

The tickets are the same for all means of transport in Prague (metro, trams, buses, funiculars and ferries).

Announcements
The announcement made through the public address system when the doors are closing, "Ukončete, prosím, výstup a nástup, dveře se zavírají" ("Please finish exiting and boarding, the doors are closing") has become a symbol of Prague for many tourists, and is possibly the first clear Czech phrase many travelers hear. The announcement has changed little since 1974, when the first line was opened; the original version did not include the word "please". The announcements are voiced by on Line A, by  on Line B, and by  on Line C.

Other announcements include: "Vystupujte vpravo ve směru jízdy" ("Exit on the right side in the direction of travel"), "Konečná stanice, prosíme, vystupte" ("Terminal station, please exit the train"), and "Přestup na linky S a další vlakové spoje" ("Transfer to S lines and other railway connections").

title: Prague Metro


text:
Matt Frei

Matthias "Matt" Frei (born 26 November 1963) is a British-German television news journalist and writer, formerly the Washington, D.C. correspondent for Channel 4 News. he is the channel's Europe editor and a presenter of the main Channel 4 News at 7pm.

Personal life
Frei was born in 1963 in Essen, West Germany, his Jewish parents having settled there after leaving Silesia before it became part of Poland. In 1973 the family moved to the United Kingdom, where Frei's father became a London correspondent for radio broadcaster Deutschlandfunk.

Frei was educated at Westminster School, then read history and Spanish at St Peter's College, University of Oxford, graduating in 1986.

Frei lives in Wandsworth, London with his wife Penny and their four children. He is a member of the Garrick Club.

BBC
Frei joined the BBC and spent a year in the German section of the World Service, before he moved to English language current affairs, where he worked for another year.

In 1989, working as a stringer, he reported on the First Intifada in Jerusalem, then on the Persian Gulf War as London foreign affairs correspondent. He took up the post of Bonn correspondent in Germany on the same day as the fall of the Berlin Wall.

In 1990, Frei took a holiday in Zimbabwe and persuaded aid worker friend Katty Kay to become a journalist.

From 1992 to 1996, he worked as a Southern Europe correspondent, based in Rome, and covered events in Bosnia, Kosovo, North Africa and various Mafia-related stories.

After working as a Southern Europe correspondent, he worked as an Asia correspondent from 1997 to 2003, based in Hong Kong (taking up his post just before the handover to China) and later in Singapore.

From 2002, he was the BBC's Washington, DC correspondent. In 2005, Frei reported from the centre of New Orleans in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. On 1 October 2007, Frei became the first presenter of the BBC World News one-hour Washington-based news broadcast, BBC World News America, supported by correspondent Katty Kay.

For a week in July 2008, Frei presented the London-based BBC News at Six on a relief basis. A year later on 27 July 2009, Frei returned to London again to present the evening bulletin (again as a relief presenter). In January 2011, Frei presented the BBC's Newsnight as a relief presenter.

Frei presented his own BBC documentary on the life and times of the German capital, Berlin. It ran from 14 November 2009.

As part of his brief as the BBC's Washington correspondent, Frei presented a weekly Radio 4 programme titled Americana, which offers listeners slices of life in all of the country's 50 states, andpolitical news from Washington. Frei's last Americana episode was broadcast in May 2011.

Channel 4
It was announced in May 2011 that Frei would be switching from the BBC to Channel 4 later in the year. Frei would serve as the broadcaster's Washington correspondent for Channel 4 News, as well as reporting for the channel's other news programmes. He has since returned often from Washington and has become a semi-regular presenter on Channel 4's evening news slot.

In October 2012, Frei headed Channel 4's coverage of the US presidential election, including making documentary The American Road Trip: Obama's story, in which he visited middle-class voters in communities in the mid-west, including Minneapolis, Northwood, Ohio and Gary, Indiana.

LBC
On 24 September 2016, he started presenting the 10:00 am show, occasional Saturdays on LBC radio. In the prelude to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine Frei reported from Kyiv, Ukraine.

Awards

 * International Emmy Award for Best News, for Channel 4 News reports, 'Hong Kong: Year of Living Dangerously', (2020)
 * RTS Journalist of the Year (2015 and 2017)
 * Voice of the Listener & Viewer Award (2018)
 * Dupont Award for 2010 Haiti earthquake (2011)
 * Royal Television Society International News Award (2000)
 * Prix Bayeux Award for War Reporting (2000)
 * Peabody Award for BBC World News America (2010)
 * Amnesty International Asia Award, for Newsnight features on Vietnam and Indonesia (1997 and 1998)

Books

 * Italy: The Unfinished Revolution (1995). Sinclair-Stevenson. ISBN 978-1-85619-571-3.
 * Only in America (2008). HarperCollins Publishers Limited. ISBN 978-0-00-724892-6.

title: Matt Frei


text:
Scotties Tournament of Hearts

The Scotties Tournament of Hearts (Le Tournoi des Cœurs Scotties; commonly referred to as the Scotties) is the annual Canadian women's curling championship, sanctioned by Curling Canada, formerly called the Canadian Curling Association. The winner goes on to represent Canada at the women's world curling championships. Since 1985, the winner also gets to return to the following year's tournament as "Team Canada". It is formally known as the "Canadian Women's Curling Championship".

Since 1982, the tournament has been sponsored by Kruger Products, which was formerly known as Scott Paper Limited when it was a Canadian subsidiary of Scott Paper Company. As such, the tournament was formerly known as the Scott Tournament of Hearts; when Kimberly-Clark merged with Scott, the Canadian arm was sold to the Quebec-based Kruger Inc. – while Kruger was granted a license to use several Scott brands in Canada until June 2007, it was given a long-term license to the Scotties brand because Kimberly-Clark already owned Kleenex. As such, the tournament was officially renamed the Scotties Tournament of Hearts in 2007.

Until 2018, the format was a round robin of 12 teams. Starting with the 2015 Scotties Tournament of Hearts there have been more than twelve eligible teams; therefore a pre-qualification tournament was held to trim the field to twelve. In 2021, a new 18-team format was introduced, in which all 14 member associations of Curling Canada field a team in a main draw of two pools, alongside the defending champions, and the three highest-ranked teams on the Canadian Team Ranking System standings that did not win their provincial championships. The teams are separated into two pools of nine, each playing a round-robin within their pool, with the top three teams in each pool advancing to a second round to determine the final four teams.

At the end of the second round, playoffs occur to determine the championship winner. The system used is known as the Page playoff system.

Pre-history
1913 marked a significant point in women's curling when both the Manitoba Bonspiel and the Ontario Curling Association began holding women's curling events. Other provinces would later add provincial women's championships, but it wasn't until the 1950s that a higher level of women's curling began to occur. At this time there was a Western Canada Women's Curling Championship (sponsored by the T. Eaton Company) but no tournament existed for the eastern provinces. By 1959, Eaton's pulled their sponsorship, giving the organizers of the Western championships an initiative to have a national championship.

In 1960, the Canadian Ladies' Curling Association was created with Dominion Stores Ltd. seeking to sponsor a national championship. That year, an eastern championship occurred so that the winner could play the winner of the western championship in an invitational event. In this event, Ruth Smith and her team from Lacolle, Quebec faced off against Joyce McKee's team from Saskatchewan (consisting of Sylvia Fedoruk, Donna Belding and Muriel Coben) with McKee winning the best-of-three series two games to none. The games between the two teams were played in Oshawa, Ontario.

The following year a tournament was organized with the same format as the Brier and was held in Ottawa. McKee won again, with a new front end of Barbara MacNevin and Rosa McFee.

Early history
In 1967, Dominion Stores were unable to reach a compromise with the organizers of the tournament, and their sponsorship fell. The Canadian Ladies' Curling Association ran the tournament by themselves with no main sponsor.

Sylvia Fedoruk, after assuming the presidency of the Canadian Ladies' Curling Association found a title sponsor in the Macdonald Tobacco Company, the same sponsor as the Brier. Their sponsorship began in 1972 with the tournament being called the "Macdonald Lassie" championship, after the company's trademark.

In 1979, under increasing pressure from the anti-tobacco policies of the Canadian Government, the Macdonald Tobacco Company pulled their sponsorship from both the Brier and the Women's championship. The Canadian Ladies' Curling Association ran the tournament without a main sponsor again for the next couple of years. 1979 also marked the first year of the Women's World Curling Championship, where the national champion would play. Also, the 1979 event was the first tournament to feature a playoff. Before then, the championship team was the one with the best round robin record.

Tournament of Hearts
Robin Wilson, a member of the 1979 championship team, and a former employee of Scott Paper led an effort to get the company to sponsor the championships. It was successful, and in 1982 the first Scott Tournament of Hearts was held.

The Scott Tournament of Hearts would last 25 years, and saw the likes of many great teams. The first Tournament of Hearts was won by Colleen Jones and her Nova Scotia team. It would take her 17 years to win another, but she would cap it off with another four championships for a grand total of six championships. In 2018, Colleen Jones' feat of six championships was equaled by Manitoba's Jennifer Jones. Other great curlers at the Hearts have been Kerri Einarson and Connie Laliberte of Manitoba, Heather Houston, Marilyn Bodogh and Rachel Homan of Ontario, Vera Pezer and Sandra Schmirler of Saskatchewan, Cathy Borst, Shannon Kleibrink and Chelsea Carey of Alberta and Lindsay Sparkes and Kelly Scott of British Columbia.

The new sponsorship made the tournament popular when it began to be televised. Today, TSN covers the entire tournament. CBC had covered the semi-finals and the finals up until the 2007–08 season. In 2013, Sportsnet and Citytv began to offer coverage of the finals of the provincial playdowns in Manitoba, Ontario, and Alberta as well.

As a Tournament of Hearts tradition, the members of the winning team receive gold rings in the four-heart design of the Tournament of Hearts logo, set with a .25-carat diamond. The runners-up receive the same rings, with rubies instead of diamonds, and the third-place team receives gold rings set with emeralds.

Starting with the 2024 tournament, the first all-star team was entitled the Robin Wilson First All-Star Team.

Top 3 finishes table
As of the 2024 Scotties Tournament of Hearts

Sandra Schmirler Most Valuable Player Award
The Sandra Schmirler Most Valuable Player Award is awarded by the media to the most valuable player during the playoffs at the Scotties Tournament of Hearts. The 2023 winner was Kerri Einarson of Team Canada.

Shot of the Week Award
The Shot of the Week Award is presented by the organizing committee to the player who makes the most outstanding shot during the tournament. The award has not been presented since 2013.

Marj Mitchell Sportsmanship Award
The Marj Mitchell Sportsmanship Award is awarded annually to the most sportsmanlike curler at the Tournament of Hearts every year. The award has been presented since 1982, and has been named in Mitchell's honour since 1998. In 2024, the Marj Mitchell Sportsmanship Award was presented to Danielle Inglis of Ontario.

Joan Mead Builder Award
The Joan Mead Builder Award, named after CBC producer Joan Mead, goes to someone in the curling community that significantly contributes to the growth and development of women's curling in Canada. It has been awarded annually since 2001.

Winners

 * 2001: Lloyd Stansell
 * 2002: Warren Hansen
 * 2003: Vic Rauter
 * 2004: Vera Pezer
 * 2005: Shirley Morash
 * 2006: Robin Wilson
 * 2007: Muriel Fage
 * 2008: Don Wittman
 * 2009: Linda Bolton
 * 2010: Anne Merklinger
 * 2011: Elaine Dagg-Jackson, Canadian Curling Association National Team Coach
 * 2012: Cheryl Bernard, four-time Scotties Tournament of Hearts participant, Olympic silver medalist
 * 2013: Andrew Klaver, Scotties Tournament of Hearts photographer
 * 2014: Linda Moore
 * 2015: Bernadette McIntyre
 * 2016: Renée Sonnenberg
 * 2017: Wendy Morgan, both Program Manager and national team leader of Curling Canada's wheelchair curling program
 * 2018: Melissa Soligo
 * 2019: Leslie Ann Walsh
 * 2020: Deanna Rindal, umpire at provincial and national curling tournaments
 * 2021: Shannon Kleibrink, five-time Scotties Tournament of Hearts participant, Olympic bronze medalist
 * 2022: Leslie Kerr, inaugural Executive Director of the Northern Ontario Curling Association from 2007 to 2020, after guiding the amalgamation of 5 regional curling associations into the NOCA.
 * 2023: Dianne Barker, umpire at provincial, national, World, and three Olympic curling tournaments, board member of Curl BC and Curling Canada
 * 2024: Brenda Rogers, Chief Umpire for the 2024 Scotties Tournament of Hearts, 20 years experience as Head Official for either Curling Alberta or the Southern Alberta Curling Association

All-Star teams
Robin Wilson First Team
 * 2024
 * Skip: Rachel Homan, Ontario (Homan)
 * Third: Tracy Fleury, Ontario (Homan)
 * Second: Emma Miskew, Ontario (Homan)
 * Lead: Krysten Karwacki, Team Canada

Second Team
 * Skip: Kerri Einarson, Team Canada
 * Third: Karlee Burgess, Manitoba (Jones)
 * Second: Shannon Birchard, Team Canada
 * Lead: Sarah Wilkes, Ontario (Homan)

First Team
 * 2023
 * Skip: Kerri Einarson, Team Canada
 * Third: Val Sweeting, Team Canada
 * Second: Shannon Birchard, Team Canada
 * Lead: Sarah Potts, Northern Ontario

Second Team
 * Skip: Rachel Homan, Ontario
 * Third: Laura Walker, Wild Card 1
 * Second: Emma Miskew, Ontario
 * Lead: Briane Harris, Team Canada

First Team
 * 2022
 * Skip: Kerri Einarson, Team Canada
 * Third: Val Sweeting, Team Canada
 * Second: Shannon Birchard, Team Canada
 * Lead: Briane Meilleur, Team Canada

Second Team
 * Skip: Selena Njegovan, Wild Card 1
 * Third: Sarah Wilkes, Wild Card 3
 * Second: Ashley Sippala, Northern Ontario
 * Lead: Kerry Galusha, Northwest Territories (skip; threw lead stones)

First Team
 * 2021
 * Skip: Kerri Einarson, Team Canada
 * Third: Val Sweeting, Team Canada
 * Second: Shannon Birchard, Team Canada
 * Lead: Lisa Weagle, Manitoba

Second Team
 * Skip: Rachel Homan, Ontario
 * Third: Selena Njegovan, Wild Card 1
 * Second: Jocelyn Peterman, Manitoba
 * Lead: Joanne Courtney, Ontario

First Team
 * 2020
 * Skip: Rachel Homan, Ontario
 * Third: Val Sweeting, Manitoba
 * Second: Shannon Birchard, Manitoba
 * Lead: Lisa Weagle, Ontario

Second Team
 * Skip: Kerri Einarson, Manitoba
 * Third: Emma Miskew, Ontario
 * Second: Joanne Courtney, Ontario
 * Lead: Rachelle Brown, Team Canada

First Team
 * 2019
 * Skip: Rachel Homan, Ontario
 * Third: Emma Miskew, Ontario
 * Second: Jen Gates, Northern Ontario
 * Lead: Dawn McEwen, Team Canada

Second Team
 * Skip: Krista McCarville, Northern Ontario
 * Third: Kendra Lilly, Northern Ontario
 * Second: Joanne Courtney, Ontario
 * Lead: Sarah Potts, Northern Ontario

First Team
 * 2018
 * Skip: Jennifer Jones, Manitoba
 * Third: Cary-Anne McTaggart, Alberta
 * Second: Jill Officer, Manitoba
 * Lead: Dawn McEwen, Manitoba

Second Team
 * Skip: Tracy Fleury, Northern Ontario
 * Third: Shannon Birchard, Manitoba
 * Second: Jessie Scheidegger, Alberta
 * Lead: Raunora Westcott, Team Canada

First Team
 * 2017
 * Skip: Rachel Homan, Ontario
 * Third: Emma Miskew, Ontario
 * Second: Joanne Courtney, Ontario
 * Lead: Blaine de Jager, British Columbia

Second Team
 * Skip: Chelsea Carey, Team Canada
 * Third: Shannon Aleksic, British Columbia
 * Second: Sarah Wilkes, Alberta
 * Lead: Lisa Weagle, Ontario

First Team
 * 2016
 * Skip: Jennifer Jones, Team Canada
 * Third: Kaitlyn Lawes, Team Canada
 * Second: Jill Officer, Team Canada
 * Lead: Dawn McEwen, Team Canada

Second Team
 * Skip: Chelsea Carey, Alberta
 * Third: Ashley Howard, Saskatchewan
 * Second: Liz Fyfe, Manitoba
 * Lead: Sarah Potts, Northern Ontario

First Team
 * 2015
 * Skip: Stefanie Lawton, Saskatchewan
 * Third: Kaitlyn Lawes, Manitoba
 * Second: Jill Officer, Manitoba
 * Lead: Dawn McEwen, Manitoba

Second Team
 * Skip: Jennifer Jones, Manitoba
 * Third: Lori Olson-Johns, Alberta
 * Second: Stephanie Schmidt, Saskatchewan
 * Lead: Lisa Weagle, Team Canada

First Team
 * 2014
 * Skip: Rachel Homan, Team Canada
 * Third: Emma Miskew, Team Canada
 * Second: Alison Kreviazuk, Team Canada
 * Lead: Teri Lake, Nova Scotia

Second Team
 * Skip: Chelsea Carey, Manitoba
 * Third: Sherry Anderson, Saskatchewan
 * Second: Sherri Singler, Saskatchewan
 * Lead: Morgan Court, Ontario

First Team
 * 2013
 * Skip: Jennifer Jones, Manitoba
 * Third: Kaitlyn Lawes, Manitoba
 * Second: Alison Kreviazuk, Ontario
 * Lead: Dawn Askin, Manitoba

Second Team
 * Skip: Rachel Homan, Ontario
 * Third: Jeanna Schraeder, British Columbia
 * Second: Jill Officer, Manitoba
 * Lead: Laine Peters, Canada

First Team
 * 2012
 * Skip: Jennifer Jones, Manitoba
 * Third: Kaitlyn Lawes, Manitoba
 * Second: Jill Officer, Manitoba
 * Lead: Dawn Askin, Manitoba

Second Team
 * Skip: Kelly Scott, British Columbia
 * Third: Beth Iskiw, Alberta
 * Second: Jessica Mair, Alberta
 * Lead: Laine Peters, Alberta

First Team
 * 2011
 * Skip: Jennifer Jones, Team Canada
 * Third: Kaitlyn Lawes, Team Canada
 * Second: Jill Officer, Team Canada
 * Lead: Dawn Askin, Team Canada

Second Team
 * Skip: Amber Holland, Saskatchewan
 * Third: Kim Schneider, Saskatchewan
 * Second: Tammy Schneider, Saskatchewan
 * Lead: Chelsey Bell, Alberta

First Team
 * 2010
 * Skip: Kelly Scott, British Columbia
 * Third: Cathy Overton-Clapham, Team Canada
 * Second: Jill Officer, Team Canada
 * Lead: Dawn Askin, Team Canada

Second Team
 * Skip: Jennifer Jones, Team Canada
 * Third: Jeanna Schraeder, British Columbia
 * Second: Sasha Carter, British Columbia
 * Lead: Jacquie Armstrong, British Columbia

First Team
 * 2009
 * Skip: Stefanie Lawton, Saskatchewan
 * Third: Cathy Overton-Clapham, Team Canada
 * Second: Diane Gushulak, British Columbia
 * Lead: Lana Vey, Saskatchewan

Second Team
 * Skip: Marla Mallett, British Columbia
 * Third: Grace MacInnes, British Columbia
 * Second: Sherri Singler, Saskatchewan
 * Lead: Joëlle Sabourin, Quebec

First Team
 * 2008
 * Skip: Shannon Kleibrink, Alberta
 * Third: Amy Nixon, Alberta
 * Second: Jill Officer, Manitoba
 * Lead: Chelsey Bell, Alberta

Second Team
 * Skip: Sherry Middaugh, Ontario
 * Third: Cathy Overton-Clapham, Manitoba
 * Second: Sasha Carter, Team Canada
 * Lead: Dawn Askin, Manitoba

First Team
 * 2007
 * Skip: Kelly Scott, Team Canada
 * Third: Jeanna Schraeder, Team Canada
 * Second: Jill Officer, Manitoba
 * Lead: Marcia Gudereit, Saskatchewan

Second Team
 * Skip: Jan Betker, Saskatchewan
 * Third: Lana Vey, Saskatchewan
 * Second: Sasha Carter, Team Canada
 * Lead: Darah Provencal, British Columbia

First Team
 * 2006
 * Skip: Kelly Scott, British Columbia
 * Third: Jeanna Schraeder, British Columbia
 * Second: Mary-Anne Arsenault, Nova Scotia
 * Lead: Georgina Wheatcroft, Team Canada

Second Team
 * Skip: Heather Strong, Newfoundland and Labrador
 * Third: Cathy Overton-Clapham, Team Canada
 * Second: Sasha Carter, British Columbia
 * Lead: Nancy Delahunt, Nova Scotia

First Team
 * 2005
 * Skip: Jennifer Jones, Manitoba
 * Third: Marliese Miller, Saskatchewan
 * Second: Dawn Askin, Ontario
 * Lead: Nancy Delahunt, Team Canada

Second Team
 * Skip: Jenn Hanna, Ontario
 * Third: Pascale Letendre, Ontario
 * Second: Sherri Singler, Saskatchewan
 * Lead: Susan O'Leary, Newfoundland and Labrador

First Team
 * 2004
 * Skip: Colleen Jones, Team Canada
 * Third: Amy Nixon, Alberta
 * Second: Maureen Bonar, Manitoba
 * Lead: Nancy Delahunt, Team Canada

Second Team
 * Skip: Lois Fowler, Manitoba
 * Third: Kim Kelly, Team Canada
 * Second: Mary-Anne Arsenault, Team Canada
 * Lead: Heather Martin, Newfoundland and Labrador

First Team
 * 2003
 * Skip: Colleen Jones, Team Canada
 * Third: Sherry Linton, Saskatchewan
 * Second: Robyn MacPhee, Prince Edward Island
 * Lead: Nancy Delahunt, Team Canada

Second Team
 * Skip: Suzanne Gaudet, Prince Edward Island
 * Third: Rebecca Jean MacPhee, Prince Edward Island
 * Second: Joan McCusker, Saskatchewan
 * Lead: Kate Horne, Alberta

First Team
 * 2002
 * Skip: Sherry Anderson, Saskatchewan
 * Third: Janet Brown, Ontario
 * Second: Mary-Anne Waye, Team Canada
 * Lead: Nancy Delahunt, Team Canada

Second Team
 * Skip: Sherry Middaugh, Ontario
 * Third: Lawnie MacDonald, Alberta
 * Second: Lynn Fallis-Kurz, Manitoba
 * Lead: Allison Franey, New Brunswick

First Team
 * 2001
 * Skip: Marie-France Larouche, Quebec
 * Third: Kim Kelly, Nova Scotia
 * Second: Georgina Wheatcroft, Team Canada
 * Lead: Sheri Cordina, Ontario

Second Team
 * Skip: Kelley Law, Team Canada
 * Third: Lisa Whitaker, British Columbia
 * Second: Roberta Materi, Saskatchewan
 * Lead: Karen McNamee, Alberta

First Team
 * 2000
 * Skip: Connie Laliberte, Manitoba
 * Third: Cathy Overton-Clapham, Manitoba
 * Second: Karen Daku, Saskatchewan
 * Lead: Tricia MacGregor, Prince Edward Island

Second Team
 * Skip: Anne Merklinger, Ontario
 * Third: Cathy Walter, Saskatchewan
 * Second: Debbie Jones-Walker, Manitoba
 * Lead: Nancy Delahunt, Team Canada

First Team
 * 1999
 * Skip: Colleen Jones, Nova Scotia
 * Third: Heather Godberson, Team Canada
 * Second: Brenda Bohmer, Team Canada
 * Lead: Lou Ann Henry, Prince Edward Island

Second Team
 * Skip: Connie Laliberte, Manitoba
 * Third: Marcy Balderston, Alberta
 * Second: Mary-Anne Waye, Nova Scotia
 * Lead: Kate Horne, Team Canada

First Team
 * 1998
 * Skip: Cathy Borst, Alberta
 * Third: Jan Betker, Team Canada
 * Second: Brenda Bohmer, Alberta
 * Lead: Marcia Gudereit, Team Canada

Second Team
 * Skip: Anne Merklinger, Ontario
 * Third: Heather Godberson, Alberta
 * Second: Patti McKnight, Ontario
 * Lead: Heather Hopkins, Nova Scotia

First Team
 * 1997
 * Skip: Sandra Schmirler, Saskatchewan
 * Third: Jan Betker, Saskatchewan
 * Second: Joan McCusker, Saskatchewan
 * Lead: Jane Hooper, Team Canada

Second Team
 * Skip: Alison Goring, Ontario
 * Third: Heather Godberson, Alberta
 * Second: Corie Beveridge, Team Canada
 * Lead: Heather Martin, Newfoundland

 * 1996
 * Skip: Sherry Scheirich, Saskatchewan
 * Third: Kim Gellard, Ontario
 * Second: Tricia MacGregor, Prince Edward Island
 * Lead: Judy Pendergast, Alberta

 * 1995
 * Skip: Rebecca MacPhee, Prince Edward Island
 * Third: Kay Montgomery, Saskatchewan
 * Second: Joan McCusker, Team Canada
 * Lead: Janet Arnott, Manitoba

 * 1994
 * Skip: Laura Phillips, Newfoundland
 * Third: Jan Betker, Team Canada
 * Second: Joan McCusker, Team Canada
 * Lead: Kim Kelly, Nova Scotia

 * 1993
 * Skip: Sandra Peterson, Saskatchewan
 * Third: Cathy Cunningham, Newfoundland
 * Second: Patti McKnight, Ontario
 * Lead: Mary-Anne Waye, Nova Scotia

 * 1992
 * Skip: Lisa Walker, British Columbia
 * Third: Kathy Fahlman, Saskatchewan
 * Second: Kim Kelly, Nova Scotia
 * Lead: Karri Willms, Team Canada

 * 1991
 * Skip: Julie Sutton, British Columbia
 * Third: Jackie-Rae Greening, Alberta
 * Second: Sheri Stewart, New Brunswick
 * Lead: Cheryl McPherson, Team Canada

 * 1990
 * Skip: Heather Rankin, Nova Scotia
 * Third: Jackie-Rae Greening, Alberta
 * Second: Andrea Lawes, Ontario
 * Lead: Lorie Kehler, Saskatchewan

 * 1989
 * Skip: Chris More, Manitoba
 * Third: Karen Purdy, Manitoba
 * Second: Diane Alexander, Alberta
 * Lead: Tracy Kennedy, Team Canada

 * 1988
 * Skip: Michelle Schneider, Saskatchewan
 * Third: Cindy Tucker, British Columbia
 * Second: Georgina Hawkes, British Columbia
 * Lead: Tracy Kennedy, Ontario

 * 1987
 * Skip: Kathie Ellwood, Manitoba
 * Third: Sandra Schmirler, Saskatchewan
 * Second: Jan Betker, Saskatchewan
 * Lead: Sheila Schneider, Saskatchewan

 * 1986
 * Skip: Linda Moore, Team Canada
 * Third: Kathy McEdwards, Ontario
 * Second: Chris Gervais, Saskatchewan
 * Lead: Laurie Carney, Team Canada

 * 1985
 * Skip: Susan Seitz, Alberta
 * Third: Lindsay Sparkes, British Columbia
 * Second: Debbie Jones, British Columbia
 * Lead: Debbie Herbert, Newfoundland

 * 1984
 * Skip: Connie Laliberte, Manitoba
 * Third: Gillian Thompson, Saskatchewan
 * Second: Chris Gervais, Saskatchewan
 * Lead: Laurie Carney, British Columbia

 * 1983
 * Skip: Shelly Bildfell, Yukon/Northwest Territories
 * Third: Sharon Horne, Nova Scotia
 * Second: Cathy Caudle, Nova Scotia
 * Lead: Penny Ryan, Alberta

 * 1982
 * Skip: Arleen Day, Saskatchewan
 * Third: Lynne Andrews, Manitoba
 * Second: Donna Cunliffe, British Columbia
 * Lead: Barbara Jones-Gordon, Nova Scotia

Number of games played
As of the 2024 Scotties; excluding pre-qualifying and wild card games

Perfect games
A perfect game in curling is one in which a player scores 100% on all their shots in a game. Statistics on shots have been kept since 1982.

External links and sources

 * Results Archive
 * Curlingzone.com
 * Curlingzone.com

title: Scotties Tournament of Hearts