text:
User:Raul654/Plautus

The purpose of this page is to chronologically document the destruction caused by User:Plautus satire.

Jan 12

 * Using the IP address User:24.79.3.230 (contribs), Plautus:
 * rewrote Space Shuttle Columbia disaster to say that it was shot down by the US government as part of a plan to help get a military shuttle replacement built to service the International Space Station "weapons platform".
 * vandalizes Ilan Ramon with obviously anti-semetic remarks.

Feb 13

 * 05:45, Feb 13, 2004 (UTC)
 * Plautus makes this inflammatory edit to Black hole, alleging that they do not exist. This provokes an edit war, during which he is reverted by 67.70.170.207, Morwen, Evercat, Modemac, Isomorphic, Jwrosenzweig, Cyp, and SheikYerBooty. The only comment explanation he offers is "black holes are a popular myth like god". Snoyes protects the page at 16:56.

 * 16:50, Feb 13, 2004 (UTC)
 * Meanwhile, over at Albert Einstein, Plautus has made these edits, stating that Einstien was undoubtedly a plagiarist.  (The second one is, for the record, a copyvio of this). Surprise surprise, he is shortly embroiled in an edit war here too. Here, he is reverted by Isomorphic, Frecklefoot, 67.70.167.201, 67.69.166.154, 67.68.252.90, and 67.70.170.207. It is protected by Raul654 at 16:11.

 * 17:35, Feb 13, 2004 (UTC)
 * Still embroiled in the above wars, Plautus starts editing Space Shuttle Columbia disaster to illustrate his belief that it was shot down. . He ends up being reverted by SheikYerBootyl, Isomorphic, 67.70.170.207, Morwen, Evercat, Modemac. It is protected by Raul654 at 17:08, Feb 13, 2004.

 * (At the same time)
 * While these wars are going on, discussions on his talk page are reverted without comment and despite warnings to the contrary . He is told not to delete comments on talk pages by: Jwrosenzweig (twice), Modemac, TUF-KAT, Silsor, and Maveric149 (6 separate warnings).

Feb 14

 * 02:44, Feb 14, 2004 (UTC)
 * Banned by Maveric149

 * 03:47, 14 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Unblocked by Maveric149 - "User has explained the situation via email"

Feb 15

 * 02:02, Feb 15, 2004 (UTC)
 * Plautus changes Gravastar page and cites reference that clearly does not support statements.. Attemps by 67.68.255.48 to make entry factual and NPOV result in revert war.
 * 22:20, Feb 14, 2004
 * Silsor protects page

 * (Approximately time) 02:00, Feb 15, 2004 (UTC)
 * Banned by Silsor

 * Most of the day
 * Plautus is blocked for most of day, sends abusive emails to Silsor, inventive combinations of swear words is inspiring.

Feb 16

 * (Approximately time) 02:00, Feb 15, 2004
 * Silsor reluctantly unblocks Plautus, citing his promise to unban him after 24 hours.

 * 15:33, Feb 16, 2004 (UTC)
 * Wikipedia talk:How to revert a page to an earlier version - Despite being warned many times not to remove comments from talk pages, Plautus deletes comments from other editor, issues warning in the history summary: (Raul, this is your last warning, you know the rule, remove that garbage before it's done for you.)

 * 15:47, Feb 16, 2004
 * Plautus moves comments from Wikipedia talk:How to revert a page to an earlier version to his talk page, with the appended message: I have absolutely NO FAITH in the "good faith" of the above passages. Raul654, I think you are a real jerk. You refused to take this crap off a page where it didn't belong, so now I've done it for you. Don't let this happen again, or I'll have to not call you a pathetic infant with a soiled diaper.

 * 19:39, Feb 16, 2004 UTC
 * Raul654 gives Plautus a final chance and despite his sarcastic response (I'm not even going to bother to defend my edits, though you seem to have felt the need to defend your actions by once again shining the Raul654 special-spectrum light on it.) Raul654 even clarifies the offer . Plautus refuses. Shortly thereafter Plautus vandalizes Talk:Black hole to remove another user's comment, and Raul654 bans him. Wikipedia rejoices.

Feb 17

 * 15:32:41 UTC, Feb 17 2004
 * Uses "email this user" function to email (all? many?) administrators with this reasonable sounding email, requesing that he be unbanned: User:Bcorr/Archives/Plautus (Not all: I didn't get. --user:MyRedDice Neither did I.  RickK)

 * 17:21:52 UTC, Feb 17 2004
 * Those who reply receive emails like this one that are profane and insulting: User:Bcorr/Archives/Plautus

 *  18:10:08 UTC, Feb 17 2004
 * Admins (who replied? all admins?) receive this email, also profane and insulting: User:Bcorr/Archives/Plautus (Not all: I didn't get. --user:MyRedDice)

 * 20:40:51 UTC, Feb 17, 2004
 * Admins (who replied? all admins?) receive this email from a supposedly repentent Plautus: User:Bcorr/Archives/Plautus (Not all: I didn't get. --user:MyRedDice)

Feb 18

 * Middle February 18
 * Unblocked by Ed Poor., despite lack of consensus.

 * 17:34, Feb 18, 2004 (UTC)
 * Fresh from his latest ban, Plautus promises not to bloat wikipedia's database by offering the same edit more than once.

 * 18:25 – 19:38, Feb 18, 2004 (UTC)
 * Plautus makes a series of eight edits to Talk:Black hole page, the beginning of a destructive refactoring, no archives made, just comments moved and deleted.  (Previous deletes to this page. )

 * 20:39, Feb 18, 2004 (UTC)
 * Plautus attacks Raul654, calls him passive-aggressive, engaging in backhanded insults, childish gloating, and abusing his authority. Plautus vows to ignore Raul654, discussion with you would only serve to enrage me.

 * 21:26, Feb 18, 2004 UTC
 * Plautus taunts Curps for complaining about massive amount of ongoing discussion that was deleted. Plautus recommends doctor's care and valium.

Feb 19

 * 03:59, Feb 19, 2004 (UTC)
 * Plautus starts second large-scale revision of black hole talk page, this time he inserts pithy 3rd person summaries of what he deletes.

 * 05:04, Feb 19, 2004 (UTC)
 * Following failed discussion on Plautus' talk page, wherein Raul654 is concilliatory and Plautus is sarcastic and uncooperative,  (including some great quotes from Plautus, like Agreement does not always mean compromise. Sometimes it means pure concession by one party.), Raul654 creates Requests for comment/Plautus satire

 * 16:26, Feb 19, 2004 (UTC)
 * Breaks previous promise from 2/18 to not engaging in edit war and gets back into one on the big bang page with Curps.

 * 22:39, Feb 19, 2004 (UTC)
 * Begins to argue on Talk:September 11, 2001 attacks about the identity and whereabouts of the Sept 11 hijackers.

Feb 20

 * All day Feb 20, 2004
 * Edits Talk:September 11, 2001 attacks to imply that the events of the day were an Israeli conspiracy. He never says this outright, but a long recital about 5 Israelis being caught going around trying to blow up the George Washington bridge (or something) gives that impression. He also argues that some of the Sep 11 hijackers are still alive, but is vague on detail. He also seems to think that there was no proper FBI investigation. One example of many:
 * He also argues over the 'correct' transcribing of Osama bin Laden and Al-Qaeda from Arabic to English using misinterpreted sources, and the FBI's preferred spelling of bin Laden's name. has an example of his arguments. This deteriorates into an edit war in September 11, 2001 attacks towards the end of Feb 20.

 * 20:30, Feb 20, 2004 (UTC)
 * Changes picture caption of impact crater on moon to reflect fringe science beliefs.  History summary: (changed caption of crater image: this crater has a flat bottom and a raised center, this is indicative of plasma discharge, not an impact as the caption suggested-also removed image credit)

Feb 21

 * Early morning
 * The edit war over the spelling of Osama bin Laden and al-Qaida continues ( and is an example of the edit war), leading to September 11, 2001 attacks being protected.

 * 15:58, Feb 21, 2004 (UTC)
 * Hubble space telescope changed to "spy telescope".
 * Reverts fix at least six times in 24 hours and attempts to defend statement in Talk:laser star hypothesis

Feb 22

 * 02:46, Feb 22, 2004 (UTC)
 * Vandalizes User:Evercat/Plautus, where Evercat was documenting Plautus' bad behavior. - Evercat was on vacation at the time. On the talk page, Raul654 says  that while Evercat is on vacation, the page is not to be changed. Silsor reverts, and Plautus promptly starts a reversion war . Silsor ends the war by protecting User:Evercat/Plautus. Plautus lists Sislor on the Possible misuses of admin privileges.  (I dunno if this was really vandalism, he was just clarifying his actual beliefs... - Evercat)
 * On the misuses of priviliges page, Plautus goes on to accuse Raul654 of lying (which he later admits is groundless ), and accuses Silsor of manipulating version histories  (and is later informed that only a developer can do this). He even promises to leave Wikipedia, but does not follow through. (On Feb 23, he explained that he had only intended to stop editing articles, as opposed to their talk pages. - see ). Despite his causal slander against two admins, he's not humbled by the experience at all..

 * All day Feb 22, 2004
 * Plautus demands mediation with Curps.
 * Minutes later adds et al to complaint and includes Raul654, SheikYerBooty, and Evercat.  All four editors agree to mediation within hours.
 * Plautus stalls and accuses member of mediation staff (Sannse) of meddling, telling that person to stay out of this . Sannse was acting in capacity of mediator and trying to assist process.
 * Plautus later realizes his mistake but leaves rude messages in place.

 * Later in the day Feb 22, 2004, early morning Feb. 23, 2004
 * Platus skirmishes with Roadrunner, Decumanus and others at Talk:Quasar over his ongoing attempts to include a fringe theory in the introductory paragraph. When challenged over his citations by Decumanus, he becomes increasingly strident and finally resorts to wholesale rearrangments of edits by Decumanus in order to cover his tracks. Attempts are reverted and re-reverted by Silsor.

Feb 23

 * 07:48, Feb 23, 2004 (UTC)
 * Issues FINAL STATEMENT ON ALL DISPUTES on Requests for mediation page and attacks other editors, calling them thugs and dumb assholes.

 * 19:13, Feb 23, 2004 UTC
 * Hurls more insults at Raul654, mocks his personal appearance.

 * 16:13, 23 Feb 2004 UTC
 * Tries to duke it out in Talk:astronomy with four people about crater morphology, apparently does not read references or will not admit that this is a well researched field, maintains that it's plasma arcs.

 * 19:01, 23 Feb 2004 UTC
 * Edits Talk:September 11, 2001 attacks to make a number of assertions about September 11 events, including that Flight 77 never crashed into the Pentagon.
 * Disputes passenger phone calls from Flight 11 as "unverifiable" and therefore false. It's true that we are entirely dependant on these phone calls for what happened on board there and on other planes, but the articles acknowledge this. Further, the calls have been very consistent, thus giving them credibility.

Feb 24

 * 00:08, Feb 24, 2004
 * Realizing that attempts to set up mediation have failed, Raul654 requests that Jimbo refer the case to the arbitration committee.

 * 03:53, 24 Feb 2004 (and other times)
 * Edits Talk:September 11, 2001 attacks to dispute that the Flight 93 passengers and crew had ever made phone calls, except for Todd Beamer, or that they had intended to charge the hijackers. These are potentially defamatory statements.Makes errors of fact (eg the name of the operator who spoke to Beamer was anonymous). He continues making these allegations the next day. is one example of this.

 * 22:40, Feb 24, 2004
 * Writes Troll mafia (now deleted):
 * Troll Mafia is the idea that trolls can coordinate and work effectively to attack people with impunity. Troll Mafia are predicted to appear to all casual observation to be sensible, rational users. By combining their efforts, Troll Mafia hypothesists predict, these meta-trolls can simultaneously give a forum the appearance of rule of law while violating the rights and granted priveleges given to all users of that forum.

Feb 25

 * 14:54, 25 Feb 2004 UTC
 * Wanders into Talk:Chess trying to start a fight. Starts with an obvious troll, featuring "that overview sucks a$$", shown here .  Later claims he was joking .  Entire discussion, which remains mostly civil despite further attempts at trolling, is in this version.

 * 22:59, Feb 25, 2004 UTC
 * Warned by Jimbo on his talk page - one of the most important things you can do is to avoid controversy. Don't add anything unless you're on solid ground.

Feb 26

 * 00:19, Feb 26, 2004
 * Edits Talk:September 11, 2001 attacks by inserting five new heading titles into the middle of an ongoing discussion, splitting the posts across artificial sections.

 * 00:59, Feb 26, 2004
 * Changes Talk:Tornado and shuffles order of discussion around for no apparent reason.

 * 01:40, Feb 26, 2004
 * Inserts way off-topic personal attack into Talk:Tornado page

 * 06:57, Feb 26, 2004 (UTC)
 * Modifies astronomy page entry to suggest that astrology is a science done by lazy scientists.

 * 15:57, 26 Feb 2004 - 17:46, 26 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Uncle Ed offers to instruct anyone to learn the art of NPOV editing. Plautus declines, he thinks he's got it down pat. Ed tries one more time to extend a helping hand to Plautus. Plautus is brutally honest with Ed, but shuts him down.  Ed tries one more time and warns Plautus that the things are heading in bad direction for him. Plautus declines Ed's help, makes things things nice and sparkling clear that he thinks he's in the right.  Ed tries again to offer assistance to Plautus, telling him that less patient folks than I will kick you out of the project if he doesn't heed the NPOV policy.  Plautus shuts him down for the last time.

 * 17:42 Feb 26, 2004 (UTC)
 * Jimbo refers the case to the arbitration committee

 * 17:51 Feb 26, 2004 (UTC)
 * As per a compromise proposed by Raul654, Jimbo temp-bans Plautus

 * Later that day:
 * Plautus sends an astonishing 33 emails to the mailing list:, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,
 * Now, even granted that he can't defend himself on Wikipedia, being temp-banned, can he not make his case more concisely, and possibly direct to the arbitrators?

Feb 27

 * 16:10, 27 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Ed Poor unblocks Plautus . Jimbo immediately rebans him and (because of his spamming) bans him from the mailing list as well.

 * 23:11, 27 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Plautus continues to send perplexing e-mails to Jimbo.

Feb 29

 * Unknown
 * Plautus' emails to Jimbo become increasingly bizarre ,

March 11
Banned from Wikipedia by the Arbitration Committee for one year

July 26
Isomorphic identifies Energybone as a Plautus sockpuppet and reblocks. The one year ban is reset.

July 27
Sends an ominous email warning of his impending return to (at least) Jimbo, Angela, Anthere, and Raul654:

 * Date - Wed Jul 27 17:37:12 2005
 * To: Raul654
 * Subject: Wikipedia e-mail
 * From: Plautus satire (email address ommitted)

 * Plautus' ban expires 06:00, Jul 27, 2005.

Modifies his user page ("The following people are alleged members of the Wikipedia Troll Mafia:")  and talk page ("DO NOT WASTE MY TIME")
 * Later that day:

Plautus then leaves taunting notes on the talk pages of those who interacted with him in 2004 (principally those who were involved in getting him banned)

Plautus is warned in no-uncertain-terms by Raul654 that the site has become much less tolerant of the behavior that got him banned Plautus' reply is jejune  This leads to a discussion in which Plautus falsely claims to have made large numbers of improvements, but Raul654 sets the record straight

Plautus repeatedly blanks his old Request for comment, as well as listing it on VFD against policy. The RFC is speedily kept (see Votes for deletion/Requests for comment/Plautus satire). Despite being informed of the existance of the three revert rule, Plautus violates it, is reported on the administrator's notice board , and is blocked for 24 hours by FCYTravis

July 28
Spends most of the day ranting on his talk page This includes a section editoralizing about Raul654's first edits as a Wikipedian. Theresa Knott points out that not only are these comments personal attacks, but they are factually incorrect as well. Plautus reverts Theresa

Fred Bauder notifies Plautus that his arbitration case is being reopened. Plautus responds with personal attacks - "Fuck this monkey bullshit and fuck you, Fred!]

Recieves multiple concurrent bans

 * From the block log:

 * 14:21, July 28, 2005 Snowspinner blocked "User:Plautus satire" with an expiry time of indefinite (Because we don't need this.)
 * 07:09, July 28, 2005 Fred Bauder blocked "User:Plautus satire" with an expiry time of 48 hours (Based on http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Plautus_satire&diff=prev&oldid=19773597)

Raul654 protects the talk page and issues a final message to Plautus

Fred Bauder incorrectly identifies A Man In Black as a sockpuppet of Plautus, based on a comment he had made on user talk:Raul654 expressing his amusement at one of Raul's comments A Man In Black later goes on IRC, has Plautus's background explained to him, and Sasquatch unblocks him. The whole situation is resolved amicably ("No anger towards the admin who banned me; #wikipedia filled me in on the nutcase")

July 29
FCYTravis's block expires at 00:16 UTC (automatically wiping out the other concurrent blocks). Plautus begins editing again, accusing Raul654 of inciting admins to ban him.

In addition, reaching back to his 2004 modus operandi, he adds a conspiracy theory to mask and is reverted shortly thereafter by Raul654

Blocked indefinitely by Smoddy at 11:24 UTC.

 * 11:24, July 29, 2005 Smoddy blocked "User:Plautus satire" with an expiry time of indefinite (ongoing disruption -- conflicting blocks -- this is actually Snowspinner's block)

Plautus repeats his February 17, 2004 tactic of spamming many (all?) the admins with a request to unblock him. The text of the email is:

 * Forgive me if this seems like spam, this is the only method I have available to seek redress in this situation. Raul654 has gotten my talk page protected so that I can not edit it, and no notice is put on the page to indicate that.
 * Please see: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Plautus_satire&oldid=19863722#Troll_Mafia
 * Raul654 has unfairly had me banned from wikipedia. He has a personal agenda, and has banned me motivated purely by malice. If you are able to, please help reverse this ban and/or help me get Raul654 punished for his damaging and childish actions.

July 30
Unblocked by Fred Bauder at 11:18 UTC.

 * 14:18, July 30, 2005 Fred Bauder unblocked User:Plautus satire (Arbitration case still pending)

Now unblocked, Plautus makes a proposal on talk:Big Bang, to modify the intro. His proposals are characterized as nonsense and "Sounds like original research to me Plautus Fred Bauder 21:51, July 30, 2005 (UTC)" Particularly telling is one comment by Plautus, alleging that [The] Big bang is essentially the Genesis myth from the bible without mentioning a deity.

Makes a series of destructive edits to Planet X, alleging that the newly discovered 2003 UB313 is the 10th Planet. Is reverted shortly thereafter by Jyril

July 31
Blocked indefinitely by Raul654. Snowspinner reverts and reprotects Plautus's talk page shortly thereafter.

title: User:Raul654/Plautus


text:
Nokia 6620

The 6620 is a mobile phone created by Nokia, announced in 2005, running on Series 60 2nd Edition and the Symbian operating system. It was the first EDGE-capable phone for the Americas' market.

It is a version of Nokia's 6600 smartphone for the North American market, with all the features of the 6600 such as the VGA camera, MultiMediaCard slot, Bluetooth and color screen, but with a change to the North American GSM frequencies, newer version of Nokia Series 60 v2 with Feature Pack 1 (the original 6600 had common Series 60 v2 without Feature Packs), the doubling of internal RAM, the addition of Nokia's new Pop-Port connector, the inclusion of stereo sound, and a new EDGE capability, effectively giving it double the download speeds of contemporary General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)-equipped phones. Although not officially designed as a successor, it replaced the Nokia 3620 in the Cingular Wireless (now AT&T Mobility) lineup shortly after their acquisition of AT&T Wireless Services.

This phone usually came packaged with a charger, battery, 32-megabyte MMC card and USB cable.

Features

 * 65,000 color screen
 * VGA camera for pictures and video
 * GSM voice communication (850 MHz, 1800 MHz and 1900 MHz)
 * GPRS and EDGE data communication
 * Bluetooth, infrared and USB connectivity
 * Support for SMS, MMS and email messages
 * Multiple mailboxes for remote email downloads
 * Web browsing for WAP and HTTP websites
 * 12 megabytes internal memory
 * MMC expansion slot supporting up to 2 gigabytes
 * Hands-free speakerphone
 * Multiple ringtones included with space for more
 * Usual software including calendar, calculator, wallet, messaging, voice recorder, phone book, gallery, notes
 * Symbian and Java support for applications and games
 * Instant Messaging (IM) support
 * RealPlayer included for audio and video playback
 * Full MP3 support, including saved playlists
 * Stereo audio playback using Nokia stereo headphones or Nokia AD-15 3.5mm stereo headphone adapter (the 6600 is mono-only)

Digital downloads
The EDGE capability allows the 6620 to play streaming video, so that users may view video clips that are not stored on the phone itself. The phone also supports downloading smart messages from the network, if supported by the network operator, to update settings.

Technical specifications
The main CPU in this phone is an ARM925t-compatible chip running at 150 MHz while the 6600 only runs at 104 MHz. The camera supports resolutions up to 640x480 and has a 2x digital zoom. It can record video for up to 10 minutes. The RealPlayer software can play back video and audio, and also files in MP3 and AVI format. The talk time is listed at 4 hours, with 200 hours of standby.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Nokia 6620


text:
List of Nokia products

The following is a list of products branded by Nokia.

Wi-Fi routers

 * Nokia Wi-Fi Beacon 1
 * Nokia Wi-Fi Beacon 3

Digital audio

 * Nokia OZO Audio

Smart TVs
Nokia markets smart TVs that run on Android TV.
 * Nokia Smart TV 55 inch
 * Nokia Smart TV 43 inch

Products by Nokia Networks
Nokia Networks is a multinational data networking and telecommunications equipment company headquartered in Espoo, Finland and wholly owned subsidiary of Nokia Corporation.

The list of products is available here: Nokia Networks - Solutions, Services & Products

HMD Global products
HMD develops devices under the Nokia brand. The company has signed a deal with Nokia allowing it to use the Nokia brand for its devices.

Smartphones

 * Nokia 1 Plus
 * Nokia 1.3
 * Nokia 1.4
 * Nokia 1
 * Nokia 2.1
 * Nokia 2.2
 * Nokia 2.3
 * Nokia 2.4
 * Nokia 2
 * Nokia 3.1 Plus
 * Nokia 3.1
 * Nokia 3.2
 * Nokia 3.4
 * Nokia 3
 * Nokia 4.2
 * Nokia 5.1 Plus (released in China as Nokia X5)
 * Nokia 5.1
 * Nokia 5.3
 * Nokia 5.4
 * Nokia 5
 * Nokia 6.1 Plus (released in China as Nokia X6)
 * Nokia 6.1
 * Nokia 6.2
 * Nokia 6
 * Nokia 7 Plus
 * Nokia 7.1
 * Nokia 7.2
 * Nokia 7 (available in China only)
 * Nokia 8 Sirocco
 * Nokia 8.1 (released in China as Nokia X7)
 * Nokia 8.3 5G
 * Nokia 8
 * Nokia 9 PureView
 * Nokia C2 Tava / Tennen
 * Nokia C01 Plus
 * Nokia C1 Plus
 * Nokia C100
 * Nokia C10
 * Nokia C1
 * Nokia C2
 * Nokia C20 Plus
 * Nokia C200
 * Nokia C20
 * Nokia C21 Plus
 * Nokia C21
 * Nokia C3
 * Nokia C30
 * Nokia C5 Endi
 * Nokia G10
 * Nokia G20
 * Nokia G21
 * Nokia G22
 * Nokia G42
 * Nokia G50
 * Nokia G60 5G
 * Nokia X10
 * Nokia X20
 * Nokia X30 5G
 * Nokia X71 (available in Taiwan & China only)
 * Nokia XR20
 * Nokia XR21
 * Nokia XR30
 * C2 2nd Edition
 * Nokia C1 2nd Edition

Tablets

 * Nokia T10
 * Nokia T20
 * Nokia T21

Feature phones

 * Nokia 8210 4G
 * Nokia 8110 4G
 * Nokia 8000 4G
 * Nokia 6310 (2021)
 * Nokia 6310 (2024)
 * Nokia 6300 4G
 * Nokia 5710 XpressAudio
 * Nokia 5310 (2020)
 * Nokia 5310 (2024)
 * Nokia 3310 (2017)
 * Nokia 3210 (2024)
 * Nokia 2780 Flip
 * Nokia 2720 Flip
 * Nokia 2660 Flip
 * Nokia 800 Tough
 * Nokia 235 4G
 * Nokia 230
 * Nokia 225 4G (2024)
 * Nokia 225 4G (2020)
 * Nokia 220 4G
 * Nokia 216
 * Nokia 215 4G (2024)
 * Nokia 215 4G (2020)
 * Nokia 210 (2019)
 * Nokia 150 (2023)
 * Nokia 150 (2020)
 * Nokia 150
 * Nokia 130 (2023)
 * Nokia 130 (2017)
 * Nokia 125
 * Nokia 110 (2023)
 * Nokia 110 4G (2023)
 * Nokia 110 (2022)
 * Nokia 110 4G
 * Nokia 110 (2019)
 * Nokia 106 (2023)
 * Nokia 106 (2018)
 * Nokia 105 (2023)
 * Nokia 105 4G (2023)
 * Nokia 105 (2022)
 * Nokia 105 4G
 * Nokia 105 (2019)

Operating systems

 * Series 30+
 * Smart Feature OS
 * KaiOS

Mobile phones
Note:
 * Phones in boldface are smartphones
 * Status: D = discontinued; P = in production; C = cancelled
 * DCT1-DCT4 = Nokia Digital Core Technology
 * BB5.0 = Base Band 5 - Sucesssor to DCT
 * KaiOS = Mobile Linux distribution for keypad feature phones
 * S60 = Software platform for smartphones

The Mobira/Nokia series (1982–1990)
The earliest phones produced by Nokia. These all use 1G networks.

Original series (1992–1999)
The last 1G phones by Nokia.

Nokia 1xxx – Ultrabasic series (1992–2010)
The Nokia 1000 series include Nokia's most affordable phones with 2G network. They are mostly targeted towards developing countries and users who do not require advanced features beyond making calls and SMS text messages, alarm clock, calendar, and reminders. Several later models of the 1000 series features an FM radio and a built-in LED flashlight.

The 1000 series traditionally lacks cameras, with the exception of Nokia 1680 classic being the only one in the lineup to feature a camera.

Nokia 2xxx – Basic series (1994–2010, 2019–Present)
Like the 1000 series, the 2000 series are entry-level phones. However, the 2000 series generally contain more advanced features than the 1000 series, with many featuring color screens. Several newer models included camera, Bluetooth, microSD card slot, and even GPS, such as in the case of the Nokia 2710.

Nokia 3xxx – Expression series (1997–2009, 2017–Present)
The Nokia 3000 series are mostly mid-range phones targeted towards the youth market. Many of these models included visually attractive designs to appeal to the younger demographic, unlike the 6000-series which were more conservatively styled to appeal to business users, and the 7000-series which were usually feature fashionable approach.

Nokia 4xxx

The Nokia 4000 series was officially skipped as a sign of deference from Nokia towards East Asian customers.

Nokia 5xxx – Active series (1998–2010, 2020–Present)
The Nokia 5000 series is similar in features to the 3000 series, but often contains more features geared toward active individuals. Many of the 5000 series phones feature a rugged construction or contain extra features for music playback. The Nokia XpressMusic lineup forms a majority of the 5000 series from 2006 to 2010, before being superseded by the Nokia Xseries.

Nokia 6xxx – Classic Business series (1995–2010, 2020–present)
The Nokia 6000 series is Nokia's largest family of phones. It consists mostly of mid-range to high-end phones containing a wider number of features, many of which being Symbian smartphones. The 6000 series is notable for their conservative, unisex designs, which make them popular among business users.

Nokia 6136 UMA is the first mobile phone to include Unlicensed Mobile Access. Nokia 6131 NFC is the first mobile phone to include Near Field Communication.

Nokia 7xxx – Fashion and Experimental series (1999–2010)
The Nokia 7000 series is a family of Nokia phones with two uses. Most phones in the 7000 series are targeted towards fashion-conscious users, often with feminine styling to appeal to women. Some phones in this family also test features. The 7000 series are considered to be a more consumer-oriented family of phones when contrasted to the business-oriented 6000 series. The family is also distinguished from the 3000-series phones as being more mature and female-oriented, while the 3000-series was largely targeted towards the youth market.

The 7110 was the first Nokia phone with a WAP browser. WAP was significantly hyped up during the 1998–2000 Internet boom. However WAP did not meet these expectations and uptake was limited. Another industry first was the flap, which slid from beneath the phone with a push from the release button. Unfortunately the cover was not too durable. The 7110 was also the only phone to feature a navi-roller key.

The 7250i was a slightly improved version of the Nokia 7250. It includes XHTML and OMA Forward lock digital rights management. The phone has exactly the same design as the 7250. This phone is far more popular than the 7250 and has been made available on pre-paid packages and therefore it is very popular amongst youths in the UK and other European countries.

The 7510 Supernova was a phone exclusive to T-Mobile USA. Only some units of this model have Wi-Fi chips with UMA. The Wi-Fi adapter on this phone supports up to WPA2 encryption if present. This phone uses Xpress-On Covers.

The 7650 was the first Series 60 smartphone of Nokia. It was quite basic compared to smartphones, it didn't have MMC slot, but it had a camera.

The 7610 was Nokia's first smartphone featuring a megapixel camera (1,152x864 pixels), and is targeted towards the fashion conscious individual. End-users can also use the 7610 with Nokia Lifeblog. Other pre-installed applications include the Opera and Kodak Photo Sharing. It is notable for its looks, having opposite corners rounded off. It comes with a 64 MB Reduced Size MMC. The main CPU is an ARM compatible chip (ARM4T architecture) running at 123 MHz.

The 7710's 640x320 screen was a touch screen phone.

Nokia 8xxx – Premium series (1996–2007, 2018–present)
This series is characterized by ergonomics and attractiveness. The internals of the phone are similar to those in different series and so on that level offer nothing particularly different, however the physical handset itself offers a level of functionality which appeals to users who focus on ergonomics. The front slide keypad covers offered a pseudo-flip that at the time Nokia were unwilling to make. Materials used increased the cost and hence exclusivity of these handsets.

The only exception to the rule (there are many in different series) is the 82xx and 83xx which were very small and light handsets.

Nokia 9xxx – Communicator series (1996–2007)
The Nokia 9000 series was reserved for the Communicator series, but the last Communicator, the E90 Communicator, was an Eseries phone.

Cseries (2010–2011)
The Nokia Cseries is an affordable series optimized for social networking and sharing. The range includes a mix of feature phones running Series 40 and some smartphones running Symbian.

C1-00 and C2-00 are dual SIM phones, but with Nokia C1-00 both SIM cards cannot be utilized at the same time.

Eseries (2006–2011)
The Nokia Eseries is an enterprise-class series with business-optimized products. They are all smartphones and run on Symbian.

Nseries (2005–2011)
The Nseries are highly advanced smartphones, with strong multimedia and connectivity features and as many other features as possible into one device.

Note:
 * Although part of the Nseries, the Nokia N800 and N810 Internet Tablets did not include phone functionality. See the Internet Tablets section.
 * The Nokia N950 was meant to be the Nokia N9 with the old Nokia N9 'Lankku' being N9-01, however the N9-00 model number was used for the all touch 'Lankku' with the original design being the MeeGo developer-only N950.

Xseries (2009–2011)
The Nokia Xseries targets a young audience with a focus on music and entertainment. Like the Cseries, it is a mix of both Series 30/40/ feature phones and Series 60/Symbian smartphones.

3-digit series Symbian phones (2011–2012)
Since the Nokia 500, Nokia has changed the naming rule for Symbian^3 phones.

Asha (2011–2014)
The Nokia Asha series is an affordable series optimized for social networking and sharing, meant for first time users. All phones run Series 40 except Asha 230 and 50x phones, which run on the Nokia Asha platform.

Lumia (2011–2014)
Lumia is a series of smartphones running Windows Phone. It also includes the Nokia Lumia 2520, a Windows RT-powered tablet computer. The series was sold to Microsoft in 2014 who branded these products under the name Microsoft.

Devices with Microsoft branding are not listed here.

X Family (2014)
The Nokia X family is a range of Android smartphones from Nokia. These were the first ever Nokia phones to run on Google's Android OS.

3-digit series feature phones (2011–)
Those phones are entry-level, classic mobile phones platform (with relatively long work on battery). The series was sold in 2014 to Microsoft which continued branding these products under Nokia. Microsoft sold this series to HMD Global in 2016 which also continues branding these products under Nokia.

Concept phones
Nokia developed a phone concept, never realised as a working device, in the 2008 Nokia Morph.

Tablets

 * Nokia N1

VR cameras

 * Nokia OZO

Health
The Digital Health division of Nokia Technologies bought the following personal health devices from Withings in 2016. The division was sold back to Withings in 2018.

 * Nokia Steel
 * Nokia Steel HR
 * Nokia Body/Body+/Body Cardio
 * Nokia Go
 * Nokia Sleep
 * Nokia BPM/BPM+
 * Nokia Thermo
 * Nokia Home

Services
After the sale of its mobile devices and services division to Microsoft, all of the below services were either discontinued or spun off.

Consumer services

 * Accounts & SSO
 * Club Nokia
 * Maliit
 * Mobile Web Server
 * MOSH
 * Nokia Accessibility
 * Nokia Browser for Symbian
 * Nokia Car App
 * Nokia Care
 * Nokia Conference
 * Nokia Business Center
 * Nokia Download!
 * Nokia Life
 * Nokia Lifeblog
 * Nokia Mail and Nokia Chat
 * Nokia MixRadio
 * Nokia Motion Data
 * Nokia Motion Monitor
 * Nokia network monitor
 * Nokia Pure
 * Nokia Sensor
 * Nokia Sports Tracker
 * Nokia Sync
 * Nokia Xpress
 * OFono
 * OTA bitmap
 * Ovi
 * Plazes
 * Smart Messaging
 * Twango
 * WidSets

Nokia imaging apps

 * Nokia Camera
 * Nokia Cinemagraph
 * Nokia Creative Studio
 * Nokia Glam Me
 * Nokia Panorama
 * Nokia Refocus
 * Nokia Share
 * Nokia Smart Shoot
 * Nokia Storyteller
 * Nokia PhotoBeamer
 * Nokia Play To
 * Nokia Storyteller
 * Nokia Video Director
 * Nokia Video Trimmer
 * Nokia Video Tuner
 * Nokia Video Upload

Navigation apps

 * Boston University JobLens
 * HERE.com
 * HERE Maps
 * HERE Map Creator
 * HERE Drive
 * HERE Transit
 * HERE City Lens
 * Nokia Internships Lens
 * Nokia JobLens
 * Nokia Point & Find

Desktop apps

 * Nokia Software Recovery Tool
 * Nokia Software Updater

 * Nokia Suite
 * Nokia PC Suite

Humanitarian services

 * Nokia Data Gathering
 * Nokia Education Delivery
 * Nokia Mobile-Mathematics

Developer tools

 * Nokia DVLUP
 * Python

Websites

 * Dopplr
 * Nokia Beta Labs
 * Nokia Conversations
 * Nokia Discussions
 * Noknok.tv

Video gaming

 * Bounce
 * N-Gage
 * Nokia Climate Mission
 * Nokia Climate Mission 3D
 * Nokia Game
 * Nokia Modern Mayor
 * Snake
 * Space Impact

Operating systems

 * Series 30
 * Series 30+
 * Series 40
 * Symbian
 * S60, formerly Series 60
 * Series 80
 * Series 90
 * Linux-based
 * Maemo
 * MeeGo
 * Nokia Asha platform
 * Nokia X platform

Security
IP appliances run Nokia IPSO FreeBSD based operating system, work with Check Point's firewall and VPN products.

 * Nokia IP 40
 * Nokia IP 130
 * Nokia IP 260
 * Nokia IP 265
 * Nokia IP 330
 * Nokia IP 350
 * Nokia IP 380
 * Nokia IP 390 (EU Only)
 * Nokia IP 530
 * Nokia IP 710
 * Nokia IP 1220
 * Nokia IP 1260
 * Nokia IP 2250
 * Nokia Horizon Manager
 * Nokia Network Voyager

In 2004, Nokia began offering their own SSL VPN appliances based on IP Security Platforms and the pre-hardened Nokia IPSO operating system. Client integrity scanning and endpoint security technology was licensed from Positive Networks.

 * Nokia 50s
 * Nokia 105s
 * Nokia 500s

Internet Tablets
Nokia's Internet Tablets were designed for wireless Internet browsing and e-mail functions and did not include phone capabilities. The Nokia N800 and N810 Internet Tablets were also marketed as part of Nseries. See the Nseries section.

 * Nokia 770 Internet Tablet
 * Nokia N800 Internet Tablet
 * Nokia N810 Internet Tablet
 * Nokia N810 WiMAX Edition

The Nokia N900, the successor to the N810, has phone capabilities and is not officially marketed as an Internet Tablet, but rather as an actual Nseries smartphone.

ADSL modems

 * Nokia M10
 * Nokia M1033
 * Nokia M112549166
 * Nokia MW1122
 * Nokia M5123349
 * Nokia M200
 * Nokia Ni200
 * Nokia Ni500

GPS products

 * Nokia GPS module LAM-1 for 9210(i)/9290 Communicator

 * Nokia 5140 GPS Cover
 * Nokia Bluetooth GPS module LD-1W
 * Nokia Bluetooth GPS module LD-3W*
 * Nokia Bluetooth GPS Module LD-4W

 * Navigation Kit for Nokia 770 Internet Tablet, including LD-3W GPS receiver and software
 * Nokia 330 Navigator, that supports an external TMC module.
 * Nokia 500 Navigator

WLAN products

 * Nokia A020 WLAN access point
 * Nokia A021 WLAN access point/router
 * Nokia A032 WLAN access point
 * Nokia C020 PC card IEEE 802.11 2 Mbit/s, DSSS (produced by Samsung)
 * Nokia C021 PC card, with external antenna

 * Nokia C110 PC card IEEE 802.11b 11 Mbit/s
 * Nokia C111 PC card, with external antennas
 * Nokia MW1122 ADSL modem with wireless interface
 * Nokia D211 WLAN/GPRS PC card

Digital television

 * Nokia DBox
 * Nokia DBox2
 * Nokia Mediamaster 9200 S
 * Nokia Mediamaster 9500 S
 * Nokia Mediamaster 9500 C
 * Nokia Mediamaster 9600 S
 * Nokia Mediamaster 9600 C
 * Nokia Mediamaster 9610 S
 * Nokia Mediamaster 9800 S
 * Nokia Mediamaster 9850 T
 * Nokia Mediamaster 9900 S
 * Nokia Mediamaster 110 T
 * Nokia Mediamaster 210 T
 * Nokia Mediamaster 221 T
 * Nokia Mediamaster 230 T
 * Nokia Mediamaster 260 T
 * Nokia Mediamaster 260 C
 * Nokia Mediamaster 310 T

Military communications and equipment
Nokia has developed the Sanomalaitejärjestelmä ("Message device system") for the Finnish Defence Forces. It includes:

 * Sanomalaite M/90
 * Partiosanomalaite
 * Keskussanomalaite

For the Finnish Defence forces Nokia manufactured also:

 * AN/PRC-77 portable combat-net radio transceiver (under licence, designated LV 217 )
 * M61 gas mask

Telephone switches

 * Nokia DX 200
 * Nokia DX 220

 * Nokia DX 220 Compact

Minicomputers
Nokia designed and manufactured a series of minicomputers starting in 1970s. These included the Mikko series of minicomputers intended for use in the finance and banking industry, and the MPS-10 minicomputer that was extensively based the Ada programming language and was widely used in major Finnish banks in the late 1980s.

Personal computers
In the 1980s, Nokia's personal computer division Nokia Data manufactured a series of personal computers by the name of MikroMikko. The MikroMikko series included the following products and product series.

Nokia's PC division was sold to the British computer company ICL in 1991. In 1990, Fujitsu had acquired 80% of ICL plc, which throughout the decade became wholly the part of Fujitsu. Personal computers and servers were marketed under the ICL brand; the Nokia MikroMikko line of compact desktop computers continued to be produced at the Kilo factories in Espoo, Finland. Components, including motherboards and Ethernet network adapters were manufactured locally, until production was moved to Taiwan. Internationally the MikroMikko line was marketed by Fujitsu as the ErgoPro.

In 1999, Fujitsu Siemens Computers was formed as a joint venture between Fujitsu Computers Europe and Siemens Computer Systems, wherein all of ICL's hardware business (except VME mainframes) was absorbed into the joint venture. On 1 April 2009, Fujitsu bought out Siemens' share of the joint venture, and Fujitsu Siemens Computers became Fujitsu Technology Solutions. Fujitsu continues to manufacture computers in Europe, including PC mainboards developed and manufactured in-house.

Mini laptops
On 24 August 2009, Nokia announced that they will be re-entering the PC business with a high-end mini laptop called the Nokia Booklet 3G. It was discontinued a few years later.

Computer displays
Nokia produced CRT and early TFT LCD Multigraph displays for PC and larger systems application. The Nokia Display Products' branded business was sold to ViewSonic in 2000.

Others
During the 1990s, Nokia divested itself of the industries listed below to focus solely on telecommunications.

 * Aluminium
 * Communications cables
 * Capacitors
 * Chemicals
 * Electricity generation machinery
 * Footwear (including Wellington boots)
 * Military technology and equipment
 * Paper products
 * Personal computers
 * Plastics
 * Robotics
 * Televisions
 * Tires (car and bicycle)

title: List of Nokia products


text:
Talk:Mephistopheles

In the etymology section, an editor wrote "Check your translation, The word Φίλις in Greek does not mean loving, it means friend."

— Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.102.192.218 (talk) 20:39, 8 May 2018 (UTC)

It may be true that he works in the Bush administration, but that' POV. Tmesipt.

Must we call it Christian Mythology?

- Thank you all for the information. And, you're right, I shouldn't have suggested that it was Christian (or, at least, exclusively Christian) mythology. But what I really wanted to know, and I haven't used a computer in years, so please pardon my ignorance, is, who wrote the article in Wikipedia, and where they got their information from. Specifically - and none of you guys said this - what are the sources that say "Mephistopheles is the second in command after Satan", and what are the sources that say he is, in fact, different from Satan. I am not really interested in the origins of the name, I just want to know where and when he is mentioned. So if someone could just tell me the names of these "extra-biblical sources" (sorry, not my words), I would really appreciate it.

 * I think it's very important to keep things written in the bible and things created by christians afterwards. This article does a good job of it. It's hard to keep things NPOV when different people have different canons but at least there's precedent. One should think of it as the difference between the Torah and the Talmud.

Dear Septentrionalis,

I put my views in the Discussion because the rules seem to say Wikipedia does not want opinion in its Articles. What I wrote here would be my view, which, I admitted, was less well-proven. For my own curiosity, however, I probably should get a translation of Psellus and see.

-Richard Dengrove

Popular Culture
Can we trim down the popular culture a little? The name Mephistopheles is probably used millions of times, we don't need to record all of them.--CyberGhostface 14:18, 25 August 2006 (UTC)

Dear CyberGhostface,

I bet we could trim down the popular culture by quite a bit. It was left over from the previous writer. I will have to think about it. -Richard Dengrove

 * I just removed the whole section. Looking over it, very little is important. I mean, how many goth bands are going to make reference to Mephistopheles? How many people are going to be compared to him? Its just pointless.--CyberGhostface 20:28, 12 September 2006 (UTC)

I think removing the whole section is too much. People who read this for pop culture deserve some information. I think the more important appearances of 'Mephistopheles' should stay. I have an idea for that. -- Rich Dengrove

 * That depends on your definition of important. If a character called Mephistopheles and based on the character from Faust (such as the ones that appeared on Hex and Xena), that's one things. If some stupid metal band calls themselves "Mephisto Pimp" its irrevelant.--CyberGhostface 01:08, 28 September 2006 (UTC)

Pop culture is not my area of expertise. It seems more yours. I was just trying to give the essence of what my predecessor wrote. If you have a better idea for Mephistopheles in Pop Culture, be my guest and write it. -- Rich Dengrove
 * If you want to add it back in you can I guess. I think we should just be more selective. (For example, I think the music section is entirely irrevelant).--CyberGhostface 00:57, 7 October 2006 (UTC)

It's mentioned in Radiohead - Videotape. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 137.122.99.32 (talk) 14:40, 12 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes, but I don't see how its relevant to understanding Mephistopheles. As I said before, the name Mephistopheles has been used so many times and 99% it has little to do with the character presented in the Faust books. Its like a generic demon figure has the name or he's mentioned by some punk band. I might make some List of cultural references to Mephistopheles article so people can add their token "Mephistopheles is the name of a character in Pokemon" if they want.--CyberGhostface 15:04, 12 October 2007 (UTC)
 * I'd like to weigh in on the pop culture issue. I think it would be valuable to add notable references back in to the article, as they help to illustrate the usage of the name Mephistopheles in modern literature and art as a generic image of one who guides a soul to hell. The example in Radiohead's Videotape, while not necessarily notable, is a good example of this. "Mephistopheles" is not simply "mentioned by some punk band", the use in the song is a direct reference to the Mephistopheles of the Faust legend. This sort of reference is very common in art of all forms, and I expect that a substantial number of people find their way to this article via such references and would appreciate at least a brief discussion of the standard use of Mephistopheles as a tempter or guide to the underworld. Currently, a brief discussion of only Shakespeare's usage fills this role. I find the presence of the Shakespeare paragraph to be even worse than an absolute lack of information outside of the Faust legend, as it seems to suggest that there has been no usage of Mephistopheles since.

 * To be completely honest, I think this article contains too much analysis of the name and the Faust legend and not enough discussion of modern usage (there is no discussion of modern use besides one sentence in the leader). I like to approach Wiki article content by considering a simple question: "What do people that google the article title want to know about?". In this case, I think that people arriving at this page want information on both Mephistopheles' position in the Faust legend and the modern use of the term and character. Currently the article contains only one, and judicious addition of cultural references and analysis of Mephistopheles as a modern image would make the article more valuable. The Real Jean-Luc Talk/Contribs 07:18, 24 July 2010 (UTC)

Question
There is a great deal here about how to pronounce his name and what it could possibly mean, but although there are passing refereces regarding his being in various works of literature, it says little or nothing about his character in any of them. I was wondering whether anyone thought there ought to be? And while I know what he's like in "Dr Faustus" I am not familiar with the Faustbook enough to add a complete section on it. I wondered whether character description, mannerisms, etc., would be relevent here, as they seem to be mentioned for most other major literature characters in Wikipedia. CO.

Response
It would be nice for someone to do that. I do not have the expertise for it. You seem to have some. Perhaps you can fill some blanks until a person with the proper expertise chooses to take on the task. --Rich Dengrove

*more references*
I'm new to using Wikipedia, but for the author of this page I would like to leave a message.

Mephistopheles is also a character in the popular PC game: Diablo 2 and in the Expansion pack (Lord of Destruction). He is portrayed as the brother of Diablo, and of Baal (who also make appearances in the game). All three your hero must face and defeat in order to continue the main quest (of defeating Diablo). His name was shortened to "Mephisto" in the actualy game. Whether or not this has any relevance to your page is up for you to decide. Either way, there are many references to religous mythology, in particular Christian mythology, found within the game. While this could have been Blizzard (the producing company of the game) simply using the names of these demons and angels to better portray the good and evil elements of the game and the struggle between, I do still believe it to be a good "mention" (if you will).

Thank you for your time.

-John Alexander

 * The thing is the name Mephistopheles has been used countless times in popular culture. He's been in songs, metal bands, television shows, comic characters, videogame characters and so forth. Normally I'm against any sort of cultural references in articles, but at least with characters like Jason Voorhees or Freddy Krueger, if they appear its more of a direct reference to their character. With Mephistopheles, nine times out of ten, the connection is in name only. If there's a disambiguation page I would say you can add him there but I don't think its relevant to the main Mephistopheles article.--CyberGhostface 18:01, 21 July 2007 (UTC)

merge with Faust
i just jumped over here from Faust and they are both covering a lot of similar ground. they need to be merged with a template over here. JoeSmack Talk 21:46, 9 January 2008 (UTC)
 * The article could be expanded, but considering how iconic the character of Mephistopheles is, I would strongly disagree with the idea of a merge. It shouldn't be too hard to find external information about the character.--CyberGhostface (talk) 22:51, 9 January 2008 (UTC)
 * I also disagree. Merging information is for articles with different names that cover the same topic or subject. This doesn't qualify. Gamer Junkie  T /  C 03:40, 24 February 2008 (UTC)

Ghost Rider's Enemy
I only have heard a vary vague description of the story of Faust and know only the most simple basics. In fact, I didn't realize that Mephistopheles was the name of the devil/demon in the story. The only character I knew that had the name was one of the Marvel character's, Ghost Rider, enemies. Since it is more or less an extension of the character from the Faust story, should that not be included here? I understand that there is a page entitled Mephisto, but since the characters are essentially the same (they both are demons/devils, they both have the same name, they both make shady deals to collect souls, etc) at least a description of the similarities/consistencies should be included maybe? I am not a wiki editor by any means, but I could even see some sort of merge possibly since the subject could easily be viewed as the same entity/character. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 12.207.153.165 (talk) 04:38, 14 February 2008 (UTC)
 * There are probably ten thousand characters based on Mephistopheles in the popular culture. If we were to list all of them, the page would get clogged to the brim. There's already an article at Mephisto (comics) that discusses your character.--CyberGhostface (talk) 13:32, 14 February 2008 (UTC)

The Opinion of One Author
I wrote in 2006 that I suspect the idea for Mephostophiles, the original of Mephistopheles, was taken from the demonic hierarchy of the 11th Century Byzantine philosopher Michael Psellos. The Renaissance knew about Psellos' demonic hierarchy; Robert Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy mentions it. Some demons in this hierarchy are the Misophaes, in Greek, haters of light. Similarly, Mephostophiles means,in Greek, not a lover of light. However, the Misophaes are the lowest demons and unable to communicate. That was why they tend to strike the people they possess deaf, mute and blind. On the other hand, Mephostophiles, in both the Faustbook and Marlowe's Doctor Faustus, holds a high position in hell and is persuasive. This contradiction is easily explained. The belief of the Renaissance was that Devil loves to turn the natural hierarchy upside down.

Since then, I have cleared another roadblock for this theory: namely, that the name is originally Misophaes and not Mephostophiles. I have discussed my theory with a Dr. Darin Hayton of Haverford College. He points out that those who read Psellos in 16th Century Western Europe would more likely have read Marsilio Ficino's translation in the Latin than the original Greek. There, the Misophaes are referred to as Lucifuge, or one who flees the light. Mephostophiles, not a lover of light, would have been a plausible re-translation into Greek if the original was unknown.

SELECTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY

Burton, Jeffrey Russell. Lucifer. Ithaca, NY: Cornell, 1984, pp40-43

Hayton, Darin, "Michael Psellos' De daemonibus in the Renaissance," in C. Barber and D. Jenkins, eds., Reading Michael Psellos. The Medieval Mediterranean 61. Leiden: Brill, 2006, 193-215

Tillyard, Eustace Mandeville Wetenhall. The Elizabethan World Picture. NY: Vintage Books, 1943, p51

Goetic
Is he really classified as a Goetic demon? I don't believe he's mentioned in the Goetia, especially if he was intended to be fictional.--24.255.171.220 (talk) 21:35, 22 September 2008 (UTC)

- Rich Dengrove

He's not mentioned in the Ars Goetia at all, so no, he's not Goetic. I'm gonna remove that category marker. Ian.thomson (talk) 01:55, 6 March 2009 (UTC)

Famost quote of Ghoethe's Faust
Mephisto: "Ich bin der Geist der stets verneint" ... any poetic English translation for that? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.59.205.66 (talk) 16:19, 20 November 2008 (UTC)

"THe spirit that always denies" google.com might help.24.9.166.18 (talk) 02:04, 23 March 2009 (UTC)

In my country's language it means, "I am the spirit that always denies." In the country that borders to the south, it is said to mean, "Luca Brasi sleeps with the fishes." 173.72.111.113 (talk) 03:56, 13 September 2014 (UTC)Tonio Palmström

Duden: long /o:/
according to DUDEN Band 6, Aussprachewörterbuch; Mannheim [etc.] 1990; Mephistopheles has a long /o:/ in Standard German. Wathiik (talk) 15:06, 23 November 2014 (UTC)

"Misophaes" listed at Redirects for discussion
The redirect [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Misophaes&redirect=no Misophaes] has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Readers of this page are welcome to comment on this redirect at  until a consensus is reached. Utopes (talk / cont) 05:52, 3 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mephistopheles


text:
Talk:Tonawanda

Now the page needs all that DATA dumped in here. Tmesipt. 2.22.04.

Tonawanda translation
Tonawanda is an Indian (not sure of the tribe) word meaning "swift water"-referring to the Niagara River. Anonymous

I believe you are right. Duesel 02:09, 15 December 2005 (UTC)

Who lives here
I live here. :P Duesel 02:09, 15 December 2005 (UTC)

I live here. Scnd 13:09, 05 March 2006

I live here. --ZyRSHNiKaSHNu -22:57, 22 March 2006 (UTC)

I live here. Rickyruffle(UTC) I Live Here. Nick feeterman --24.49.57.201 07:30, 7 January 2007 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: page moved. Una Smith (talk) 04:14, 6 January 2010 (UTC)

Tonawanda, New York → Tonawanda — Move disambiguation page to its ambiguous base name, a redirect. —-Una Smith (talk) 00:59, 2 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Support. Dab page includes things not normally called "Tonawanda, New York", which usually refers to the city. Station1 (talk) 21:04, 2 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Support A very appropriate move. Suggest that after the move takes place thatTonawanda, New York redirect to Tonawanda (CDP), New York, but that's just a suggestion.--Labattblueboy (talk) 05:15, 4 January 2010 (UTC)
 * I think Tonawanda, New York should be a partial dab page; its incoming links are a mess that is unusually hard to repair, but redirecting them to an article just pretends the mess doesn't exist.  --Una Smith (talk) 17:07, 5 January 2010 (UTC)
 * In NYS, towns are actually townships, divisions of the county. They are usually referred to as "Town of Xyz", while "Xyz, New York" usually means a city or village, or a CDP if there is no city or village. I just went through all the links and fixed those obviously meant for the town (plus one for North Tonawanda). I think it would now be relatively safe to redirect "Tonawanda, New York" to "Tonawanda (city), New York", but even safer to a dab page since we can't be certain that all links definitely mean the city. In any case, it should not point to the CDP. Station1 (talk) 00:58, 6 January 2010 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

Disambiguation
Repairing incoming links to this page requires more research in reliable sources than usual. While repairing the majority of 90 recent incoming links, I find a timeline is helpful. Most incoming links to Tonawanda intend either the Town of Tonawanda (est. 1836) or the City of Tonawanda (est. 1904). References to "Tonawanda" prior to 1904 usually intend the Town, but references concerning lumber, shipping, etc. in the period 1854 to 1904 may intend the Village of Tonawanda (1854-1904). From its incorporated area on the south side of the Erie Canal, the Village expanded north into unincorporated Niagara County. In 1897 the north side broke away from the Village and incorporated as the City of North Tonawanda. In 1904 the Village was (re)incorporated as the City. --Una Smith (talk) 00:36, 7 January 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tonawanda