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Between the Lions

Between the Lions is an American animated/live-action/puppet educational children's television series designed to promote reading. The show is a co-production between WGBH in Boston and Sirius Thinking, Ltd., in New York City, in association with Mississippi Public Broadcasting, the distributor from seasons 1–10, in Mississippi. The show won nine Daytime Emmy awards between 2001 and 2007. Although it is created by alumni of the fellow PBS children’s show Sesame Street, Between the Lions was not created by Sesame Workshop, nor was it produced with their involvement in any way. The show ran on PBS Kids from April 3, 2000 to November 22, 2010, taking over the schedule slot held by The Puzzle Place upon its debut. This TV show was a companion piece to Sesame Street aimed at slightly older children.

Plot
The series focuses on a family of clumsy anthropomorphic lions operating and living in a large, busy library called "The Barnaby B. Busterfield III Memorial Public Library", starring alongside characters such as Click, an electronic, anthropomorphic computer mouse; the Information Hen, who answers library calls; and Heath, a dinosaur who serves as the library's thesaurus. The program's format is intended to promote literacy and reading; in each episode, the lions introduce a picture book to the audience and read it. Some episodes have featured adaptions of well-known folktales or ancient myths or fables, while others have featured popular storybooks such as Click, Clack, Moo: Cows That Type, or shown the lions learning or benefiting from the lessons presented by the story.

The series often features an array of educational segments formatted each in its own distinctive style, particularly parodies of well-known media redesigned educationally for younger audiences or simple animations, some sketches more repetitive than others. A distinctive feature of the series is that it is virtually never set outside of the library, as it usually chronicles the lions' experiences within it. A subplot features a pair of pigeons named Walter and Clay comically infuriating a living bust of the library's deceased founder, Barnaby B. Busterfield III, located in an upper section of the library, that is normally intended for comic relief.

After the fourth season, the series underwent a noticeable format change. Notably, the show consisted of two ten-minute shorts, each a condensation of an earlier episode, tied together and united around a theme. The series also began to focus on consonants instead of vowels. Old segments such as "Magic Time" "Sam Spud" and "The Monkey Pop-Up Theater" were replaced with new ones such as "Joy Learno" and "The Flying Trampolini Brothers". Later episodes shifted away from the earlier focus on reading, and stories were just told to tie into the theme of the episode. Major characters such as Busterfield, Heath, Walter, Clay, and Martha Reader vanished from the show as well, despite still appearing in the intro.

Main

 * Theo Lion is the co-owner/librarian of the library (with his wife Cleo), Lionel and Leona's father, and Cleo's husband with a scruffy attitude, loud gravelly voice, and large appetite. He loves to eat meat and devours it all in one second. He loves to joke but also has a powerful roar and is proclaimed "the King of the Library". Theo has an unending love for storytelling and is always proud to show library patrons the best books available.
 * Cleo Lion is the library's other co-owner/librarian (with her husband Theo), mother of the cubs, Theo's wife and the family hunter. She loves to read to her cubs and use the stories to teach them important life lessons. She has the alter ego of a country lion singer, Tammy Lionette. Cleo's hunting instincts also make her a good investigative reporter and she can track down any book in the building, regardless of genre. She also has a powerful roar.
 * Lionel Lion is Theo and Cleo's 7-year-old first-grader son. He loves to read "Cliff Hanger" books and always looks forward to the next one, much to Leona's annoyance. Lionel can get flustered when his family embarrasses him when they are devouring their food or if he is reading a baby book to Leona, but he loves them just the same. Since Lionel is always so self-confident, he is often convinced he doesn't need any advice or help with his problems, but he always ends up needing it after all.
 * Leona Lion is Theo and Cleo's 4-year-old daughter. Leona is curious about everything and is preparing to read as well as her brother, Lionel. Unlike Lionel, she is more in touch with her feral instincts and always practices her pouncing and hunting on her brother or her father. While Lionel loves Cliff Hanger books, Leona hates them because of how predictable and repetitive they are.
 * Barnaby B. Busterfield III is a grumpy rock statue who is the founder of the library, which is named after him, and lives on the second floor. He is often left annoyed by the antics of Walter and Clay Pigeon. Being a bust statue, he cannot go anywhere, so the pigeons and the viewers are the only ones to whom he can address his complaints. He is annoyed when anyone calls him "Buster" and when the announcer pesters him. He has the ability to open the top of his head. Busterfield is absent after Season 4.
 * Walter and Clay Pigeon are the two birds that live in the library's dome with Busterfield. They conversely talk to and annoy him. Walter is the male pigeon and Clay is the female pigeon. Walter and Clay Pigeon are true urban birds, but let's just say that they're not the brightest lights in the sky—they manage to say complete sentences only with each other's help and someone else's help. (for example, the pigeons say, "We are going roller...uh...skating."). Walter and Clay are absent after Season 4.

Supporting

 * Click is a female computer mouse shaped like the rodent of the same name. Click is technically skilled in that she can drag and drop objects and characters into and out of books and websites. When a character needs her, they only need to call out her name (usually screaming if it's an emergency) since she doesn't mind helping others and will do what they tell her to do. Her only hindrances are, being a computer mouse, she must always stay connected to a computer and that she is vulnerable to computer viruses, as shown in one episode. Click vanished for a while after the fourth season, but returned in the last couple of seasons.

Recurring

 * Dr. Alexander Graham Nitwhite (often mispronounced as "Dr. Nitwit", which he hates being called, by his duck assistant, Watson and sometimes by other characters: a regular routine has Theo and Cleo saying hello to "Dr. Nitwit" and when they are corrected (Nitwhite) they proclaim "Right...") is a pelican scientist. In his skits, he announces to Watson that he's discovered "the only word in the entire English language" with a certain letter combination (which is nearly always related to the lesson of the whole episode). However, his "discoveries" always turn out to be incorrect, as Watson inadvertently points out; as such, his nickname is rather apt. His name is a pun on Alexander Graham Bell, the creator of the telephone.
 * The Information Hen is the library's information specialist. Each time she appears, she gives information about the library and reading to various callers usually by telling a joke or singing a song. She appears in animated segments in Season 5.
 * Heath the Thesaurus is the library's thesaurus who is literally a giant dinosaur (a sauropod dinosaur; Brontosaurus) as a pun on the word "thesaurus" or "the saurus". He lives in the basement and often shows up unexpectedly when a character asks about a homophonic word or when a situation is called for one. He was voiced by Tyler Bunch (in a deep baritone voice) in Season 1 and Peter Linz (doing a loose WC Fields impression) from Season 2 onwards. Heath does not appear after the fourth season.
 * Grandpa Lion is Cleo's father, Lionel and Leona's maternal grandfather and also the father-in-law of Theo. He visits the library in the episode Out in Outer Space and tells of his friend Ellen Ochoa, the first Hispanic American woman in Outer Space. Lionel and Leona even made a biography of Grandpa Lion. He was performed by Martin P. Robinson.
 * Gus the Rabbit is Lionel's best friend who is on his school hopping team. He has a reading disability and is still learning. He was afraid to tell Lionel about his problem, but Lionel encouraged him to keep trying and ask for help when he needs it.
 * Aunt Priscilla and Uncle Otto Lion are Lionel and Leona's aunt and uncle who were told by Leona that they had 3 new cubs in But Mama But in which Leona visited in the episode. Aunt Priscilla and Uncle Otto would be Cleo's younger sister and Cleo's brother-in-law, the maternal aunt and uncle of Lionel and Leona, and the sister-in-law and brother-in-law of Theo Lion.
 * Announcer Bunny is a rabbit in a top hat who acts as the show's announcer. He has a microphone right next to his hat. He appears before the intro in the first four seasons, saying something like "Announcer Bunny here! Don't touch that remote, here comes Between the Lions!", at which point a preview of a clip shown in the episode plays and then it goes back to him, saying "If you think that was fun, watch this!" and in the episodes with two segments from Seasons 5-10, he appears to introduce the next episode. He also appears to introduce Arty Smartypants in his segments "Magic Time with the Great Smartini", "Four Words Without Any Assistance Whatsoever" and "Not as Smart as a Puck" and also introduces other segments such as the segments with Bertice Berry (saying "Dr. Bertice Berry with the [letter sound] in [word]!"), Fred Says (in the later seasons (saying "And now, a word from Mr. Fred Newman!")) and Monkey Cheerleaders (saying "And now, it's time for those magnificent Monkey Cheerleaders!" while a megaphone appears in front of him before he says "...those magnificent Monkey Cheerleaders!", that bit of which he says through the megaphone). On one occasion, he introduced the Heath the Thesaurus song, "Ten Little Words" (saying "Heath the Thesaurus, Heath the Thesaurus, Heath the Thesaurus! I went to Announcer School."). In some episodes, after a segment with Clay and Walter Pigeon, he would appear to say "Ha, ha, ha! Pigeons, Don't you just love 'em?" In later seasons, he announced the funding for the show. The only time he ever appeared with the lions or in the Library was in The Goat in the Coat, where he appeared to translate for Sierra the Spanish-speaking mountain lion.
 * Arty Smartypants/The Great Smartini is a farcical and somewhat discombobulated bunraku puppet man with large overalls (which he refers to as his "smarty pants"). He is the star of two segments; Magic Time and Four Words. In the former, Arty puts on a magic show where he puts two to four words in his pants and says a magic word like ebracadebra, or oobracadoobra, then dances to his song – "Dance in Smarty Pants" – until he has made a compound word and demonstrating it by showing/interacting with the meaning of the word. Due to the popularity of his dance, a short music video was made that featured Arty and various characters from the show (or from other PBS Kids shows) wearing their own "smarty pants" and dancing to the song. In the latter segment, he reads "four words without any assistance whatsoever". Four words appear in each corner of the screen and he points to them first with his hands, then with his feet. After realizing that he is floating in the air, he comically comes crashing down. In later seasons, the segments were replaced with new ones; Short Stories, where Arty reads a small board book and Play with Words, where he Arty changes words into completely different ones.
 * Smarmy Marmy Smartypants: Arty Smartypants' mother, who is also his assistant in the Great Smartini segments. While Arty himself doesn't visit the library, Marmy sometimes pops up every now and then to babysit the cubs or read a book to them. She can also be seen sometimes in the background. In the second to fourth seasons, Marmy hosts her own solo segments; "Swami Marmy", in which she plays a fortune teller who reads the future to some monkeys and Marmy's Poetry Corner, where she introduces some celebrities reading a poem from a book.

Main

 * Bertice Berry – Herself
 * Alison Fraser – Babs Caplan
 * Denyce Graves – Herself
 * Fred Newman – Letter sounds, various live-action and sound segments (Himself)
 * Ruth Westheimer – Dr. Ruth Wordheimer

Puppeteers

 * Pam Arciero – Leona Lion (2002–2010), Dixie Chimps, Zoe
 * Anthony Asbury – Lionel Lion (2000–2008)
 * Heather Asch – Clay Pigeon, Click the Mouse, Marmy Smartypants
 * Jennifer Barnhart – Cleo Lion, Dixie Chimps, Monkey Singer, Leonard "Lenny" T. Lizzard
 * Lisa Buckley – Chelsea, Dixie Chimps
 * Tyler Bunch – Walter Pigeon (2000), Heath the Thesaurus (2000), Dr. Nitwhite, Johnny, Vowel Boot Camp Letters
 * Cheryl Blaylock – Martha Reader (puppetry), Girl Monkey
 * David Matthew Feldman – Monkeys, Ducks
 * Ed Gale – Orlando
 * Keri Horn – Kayree, The Cajun Hound Dog
 * James Kroupa – Walter Pigeon (2001–2003)
 * Tim Lagasse – Arty Smartypants, Watson, Barnaby B. Busterfield III, Johnny Consonanti, Gus Rabbit, Theo Lion (Understudy during Seasons 3 and 4), Larry the Lost Rock (speaking voice), Icarus, Daedalus, Steve the Bowling Ball, Sergeant Mark, Vowel Boot Camp Letters, Various Characters
 * Peter Linz – Theo Lion, Heath the Thesaurus (2001–2002), Announcer Bunny, John Lennon Beetle
 * Rick Lyon – Ted the Scientist Monkey
 * Noel MacNeal – Lionel Lion (2009–2010), Paul McCartney Beetle, Squeaky Wheel
 * Kathryn Mullen – Leona Lion (2000–2001), Vowelles (puppetry), Information Hen
 * Jim Napolitano
 * James Godwin - The Buggy Man, Dionysus
 * Kenneth Neptune – Harry
 * Carmen Osbahr – Sierra Lion, Vowelles (puppetry)
 * Martin P. Robinson – Grandpa Lion
 * Matt Vogel – Various Characters, Riffington from Reading Is Fundamental (Designated Reader promo only)

Voice cast

 * Jennifer Barnhart – Most female cartoon roles, Grey Hand
 * Tyler Bunch – Cliff Hanger Narrator (Seasons 6-10), Various Announcers, Pheasant, and the Vacuum Cleaner Vendor
 * Scott Dodson – Silver Knight, Ringmaster
 * Michael K. Frith – Red Knight, Cliff Hanger Narrator (Seasons 1-5), Sam Spud, Various Narrators
 * Peter Linz – Gawain, Polly the Parrot, Boy in Opposite Bunny segments
 * Fred Newman – Golf Announcer, Chicken Jane, Various Narrators, The Lucky Duck, The Boy Who Cried Wolf
 * Richard O'Connor – Gold Knight
 * Chris Phillips – Cliff Hanger (partially Tim Lagasse), Emoticon the Cat
 * Brian Schemmel – Blue Knight
 * Miles Purinton – Jeremy
 * Jack Berner – Scot
 * Kate Berner – Dot, Monica Maxwell
 * Christiana Anbri - Wendy/The Punctuator
 * Christopher Cerf - Larry the Lost Rock (singing voice)
 * Emilio Delgado – The Ram
 * Sonia Manzano – Doña Viv/Koyel

Guest stars
There are many special guest appearances in the show featuring well-known celebrities. Al Roker, India Arie, Jasmine Guy, Ossie Davis (along with his wife Ruby Dee), Bruno Kirby, Denyce Graves, Roma Downey, Vanessa Williams, and Jane Seymour as well as a few athletes have also made appearances to read words to the viewers, including basketball player Stephon Marbury. Joe Lynn Turner sang a few songs on the show. LeVar Burton also appeared alongside the cast in several PBS Kids promotional spots. In addition, characters from other PBS Kids shows have appeared in Between the Lions. Three cast members of Zoom (Rachel Redd, Kenny Yates, and Kaleigh Cronin) have appeared, teaching viewers how to read the word "Zoom." Several Sesame Street Muppets made cameos in Season Two and in the “Dance in Smarty Pants” music video.

Segments
Between the Lions often makes wild parodies of (often children's) programming. The title itself is a double entendre in that it is a play on the phrase "between the lines" and that many classic library buildings have two lions separated by the main entrance. Thus in order to enter the library, one must go "between the lions". Examples of recurring segments:

The Monkey Pop-Up Theater: A monkey with blonde hair (monkeys are often featured as background characters or library patrons in this series) opens a pop-up book which presents a zany musical performance by monkeys who sing in operatic voices.

The Vowelles: Three colored lips with satin gloves and wigs perform vowel songs for an audience. In the first few seasons, Click's hand would pick up the letters of a word from the book and transition them to their segment to establish the vowel and word family of the episode. The Vowelles are usually accompanied by Johnny Consananti and Martha Reader. In Season 1, the stage backdrop is not lit, leaving viewers to see only lips, and usually satin gloves and feather boas, and hair. In seasons 2–4, the dark stage background is replaced with a colorful silver background obviously revealing that The Vowelles are only three pairs of lips surrounded by wigs, and usually accompanied by satin gloves and feather boas, and the unidentified puppets in the audience are replaced with monkeys and Johnny Consananti is the announcer. Martha Reader and The Vowelles is a parody of Martha Reeves and The Vandellas, a popular Motown group from the 1960s.

The Word Doctor with Dr. Ruth Wordheimer: Dr. Ruth Westheimer portrays "Dr. Ruth Wordheimer", a friendly therapist. Her two types of clients are:
 * Monkeys who need help reading or understanding long or difficult words (they are having a "Long Word Freakout").
 * Words that are dissatisfied with their current meaning. (By replacing certain well-chosen letters, Dr. Wordheimer is able to give the word a new meaning and a new lease on life.)

Little Wendy Tales: In an animesque segment, a girl with black hair tied in pigtails reads the misadventures found in Little Wendy Tales when sitting next to her white cat Cuddly Kitty on her bed. In classic fashion, the dark-haired girl and Cuddly Kitty transform themselves into The Punctuator and Emoticon the Cat (a parody of Sailor Moon, among other anime clichés) and saves Wendy by means of switching around the punctuation, altering the scene in the process. She rereads the altered adventures after correcting the sentences.

Fun with Chicken Jane: A parody of the famous Dick and Jane books for children. In this, two naive children, Scot and Dot, place themselves in harm's way. An intelligent chicken named Chicken Jane spells out an obvious solution to the problem. At the last moment, the children get out of the way and Chicken Jane gets hurt instead. The theme song is a parody of the old Alka Seltzer jingle. When the skit starts, Scot, Dot, and Chicken Jane come skipping down a dirt road to the jingle that goes "Look, look, see, see, coming down the lane. Here comes Scot, here comes Dot, here comes Chicken Jane!" When the skit is over, Scot and Dot headed back up the road (Chicken Jane limping along behind with an injured wing) to "Look, look, see, see, going up the lane. There goes Scot, there goes Dot, there goes Chicken Jane!". In the Episode, "Stop That Chicken", Chicken Jane once fell out of the book and ended up in several other books which are Colonial America, Sleeping Beauty, and Cook A Lot Like Me by Molly Stewpot (a reference to Martha Stewart). The very demanding chef Molly sees Chicken Jane and wants to use her in one of her recipes while ignoring what Chicken Jane is saying. The book is then swatted at in an attempt for Chicken Jane to come to life while jelly is spilled onto Molly in a defeat, and Leona succeeds in getting Chicken Jane back in her book.

The Adventures of Cliff Hanger: This common cartoon segment centers around Cliff Hanger, a lantern-jawed outdoorsman who is usually stranded hundreds of feet above the ground, holding onto a branch on the side of a cliff (hence the skit's title). Each episode presents Cliff with a preposterous situation of some kind, which he attempts to use to his advantage by reaching into his backpack, pulling out what he calls his "trusty survival manual", and following the instructions provided there. The instructions, though often highly unorthodox, usually prove successful, and Cliff briefly escapes from the cliff. But, inevitably, another highly unlikely incident sends Cliff back to where he started, hanging onto his branch once again. The cartoon then ends when the branch starts cracking as Cliff says his baleful catchphrase: "Can't... hold... on... much... longer!" and the sun sets as a cliff hanger. This scene occurs at the beginning of the cartoon as well. Similar to cartoons such as Wile E. Coyote and Road Runner, these cartoon clips follow the same storyline; although Cliff never gives up on trying to get off the cliff, he never succeeds. Each segment begins and usually ends with a theme song sung off-screen by a formally dressed group of singers (flying by in a helicopter), singing "Cliff Hanger, hanging from a cliff! And that's why he's called Cliff Hanger!" Cliff attempts to attract their attention to his predicament by calling out "Excuse me! Excuse me!", but to no avail. In one episode, he apparently succeeds at drawing their attention, and they rescue him, but it turns out he is simply dreaming. He once got off the cliff when he jumped on a whale's blowhole and washed up on a beach in "The Last Cliff Hanger" and Lionel is upset about the last book, but eventually missed his cliff and, through a series of bizarre events (thanks to the writer, Livingston Dangerously), got himself back onto it. His name is a play on the media term "cliffhanger" which is often shown on non-Between the Lions episodes as "to be continued". In three episodes Cliff Hanger and the Solid Oil Lamp, Cliff Hanger Meets the Sleeping Gypsy, and Cliff Hanger and the Sheep on a Ship, Cliff Hanger imagines he is in a restaurant eating steak, he is in a bathtub and a starstruck door. In another episode, Lionel's friend Lenny, a lizard, introduces a similarly styled series of books called Justin Time, about a stereotypical explorer named Justin Time who relaxes in a hammock until an absurd scenario like those of Cliff Hanger occurs, forcing him to intervene to restore the calm, boasting, "Couldn't be more comfortable.", as opposed to Cliff Hanger's catchphrase "Can't hold on much longer!" He too used a version of the Survival Manual, called a Safety Manual, which is from his Survival Kit, a version of Cliff Hanger's backpack and the same formally dressed chorus, riding in the back of a Pickup truck introduces him at the beginning of the story, singing "Justin Time, he's always saved just in time! And that is why he is called Justin Time!" Then Justin rudely tells the singers "Go away!" just like how Cliff Hanger always gets their attention to his predicament. Ironically, Lionel disliked this series. One Justin Time segment was ever shown as it only appeared in the episode, "Five, Six, and Thistle Sticks". In the series, the character Lionel is a fan of Cliff Hanger books, which his sister Leona thinks are pointless. But, even in episodes where she expresses hatred, she has shown respect for it, such as when she decided to help Lionel get Livingston Dangerously to write more books.

Gawain's Word: A Wayne's World spoof hosted by a knight with an American surfer accent, featuring two jousting knights charging at each other, each touting a speech balloon with half of a word which then became their respective names, then demonstrating the word. For example, one skit featured "Sir Sh" dressed in silver armor and "Sir Ark" dressed in gold armor. Then Gawain says, "Blend on, dudes!" when it is time to put the halves together. When Sir Sh bumps into Sir Ark, their speech balloons meld together to form the word "shark." Then they react to the word, by running away from a hovering shark. Though the title of the segment clearly is a parody of the Saturday Night Live skit, the two knights in the segment speak more characteristically like Bill and Ted from Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure than Wayne and Garth from Wayne's World.

Tiger Words: A pun of golfer Tiger Woods. Tiger is always seen participating in a spelling competition (modeled off a golf tournament), where he always misspell a word. While the crowd and announcer are surprised and dismayed at his error, Tiger corrects his mistake by using another tool in his pencil bag (using an eraser to fix mistakes in pencil, or paint to fix mistakes in pen, for example). Tiger correctly spells the word and wins the championship.

Sam Spud: Par-Boiled Potato Detective: A spoof of the Sam Spade detective stories, this segment portrays a par-boiled potato (voiced by Michael K. Frith) who types out the voice-over narration typical of film noir on a late night, making and correcting typographical errors that demonstrate word sounds. This segment makes heavy use of sight gags based on wordplay (such as the narrator referring to the entrance of a "tomato"—1930s slang for an attractive woman—who is revealed to be a real tomato wearing a costume; or a neon sign that blinks the words "Flicker Flicker" or "On" and "Off"). In most cases, the segments would end with a live-action child watching Sam Spud on television and calling out to his or her mother that "there's a talking potato with a hat on and no mouth!" (or some variation), and the mother calling from offscreen telling her child not to worry and that it's educational television, so it must be good for him/her. On one occasion, it ends with the mother saying that it is not nice to say "dumb", after a girl was describing a pickle with a zipper.

The Un-People: A Mo Willems cartoon aimed at teaching kids their prefixes. The main character is "young" Monica Maxwell, a girl about 8 years-old who seems to have an inordinate amount of trouble with a group of rambunctious rhinos or other misfortunes. The segment always begins with the rhinos running amok (or other non-rhino related situations, such as when Monica marches down a street in a parade) usually in Monica's house. The clever, resourceful girl somehow manages to subdue or round up the rhinos, for example, putting them in a zippered bag (not all these segments have relationship with rhinos.) And, all of a sudden, the evil Un-People come along and "un-zip" the bag, causing the rhinos to run free again and resume their rampage of destruction (or other misfortune not caused by the animals.) But when the crime-fighting Re-People appear, they "re-zip" the bag and the destruction of the charging rhinos stops, or other misfortune-quelling results. This segment is a parody of common superhero-themed cartoons such as the Justice League. There are at least two skits that did not feature rhinos—the "undressed"/"redressed" skit where a marching band is seen without clothes, only to get redressed in their outfits, and the "unbuttoned"/"rebuttoned" skit where Monica is seen playing in the snow, with her coat becoming unbuttoned and then finally rebuttoned.

Silent E: A sly criminal, Silent E, has the ability to make the vowel sounds say their names and changes the words without a silent e into words with a silent e, for example: he changes a cub (which resembles Leona) into a cube, a tub into a tube, a twin into twine and a can into a cane. In each segment, Silent E is carted off to jail by a policeman. Silent E then writes a note to the policeman, which usually reads something like, "Sure do like that pin/cap you're wearing! I would love to get a closer look!" The policeman then remarks, "Well, sure! I don't see any harm in that!" The policeman hands the object to Silent E, who then easily escapes by using either the policeman's pin and turning it into a pine to climb out the window or the policeman's cap and turning it into a cape to fly out the window. Either way, after that, the policeman shouts, "Well, Silent E, you may have slipped out of my grasp this time, but mark my words: I'll get you YET!!!!"

Dr. Nitwhite: This sketch usually begins with Dr. Nitwhite ordering in his assistant, Watson (the character most guilty of calling him "Dr. Nitwit"), for Nitwhite claims he has discovered "the only word in the entire English language!" with a particular letter combination in it, showing extreme pride in his achievement. Unfortunately for Nitwhite, Watson casually utters an expression or sentence containing another word with that same combination (for example, in one sketch, Nitwhite proudly presents what he claims to be the only two-letter word with the short 'I' sound: in. An impressed Watson remarks, "Dr. Nitwhite! This time, I think you have really done it!"). After Nitwhite realizes this, he breaks down and advises Watson to leave, which the latter does, calling him "Dr. Nitwit" once more.

Vowel Boot Camp: In this segment, the soldiers, who are lowercase vowels (except the drill sergeant, who is an exclamation point and is revealed to be aptly named Sergeant Mark in one sketch), practice making their sounds and then go out to make words. The famous catchphrase is "This isn't 'Camp [name]', this is Vowel Boot Camp!" In three skits, the lowercase "I" soldier is seen missing a dot before being corrected by the drill instructor, the "U" soldier is seen upside down, looking like a lowercase "N" before being corrected by the drill sergeant to set his head to the proper position and the "O" soldier has a pillow from his footlocker in his mouth before the sergeant (who had told him this on several prior occasions) tells him to spit it out, which he does. Portions of this segment deal with silent "E" and letters containing two vowels. For example, the "I" soldier is accompanied by two letters, "R" and "P" to form "rip" until the "E" is added at the end of the word to turn the word into "ripe". The drill sergeant then asks the soldiers regarding the rule prompting the soldiers to sing the tune "When "E" on the end plays a no-talking game, the vowel before it says its name." The tune would later be the basis for the following examples. Another example is when the "A" soldier is placed between two lowercase consonants "M" and "N" to form the word "man". However the "I" soldier comes into the word to change it into "main". The drill sergeant then asks the other vowels regarding the rule, prompting them to sing the tune "When two vowels stand side by side, the first one says its name with pride." The sergeant always ends up getting trampled by the vowels as they leave. On one occasion, he misses them, but they end up shutting the door on him, locking him in, causing him to bang on the door.

The Lone Rearranger Rewrites Again: A spoof of The Lone Ranger, this animated segment features an intelligent, banana nose cowboy named The Lone Rerranger, (or Lone for short), with his horse Hiho, and his sidekick whose name is Russell-Upsome Grub, and a sentence which needs to be rearranged. For example, "Horses must ride cowboys into the corral" needs to be rearranged to say "Cowboys must ride horses into the corral". After Lone fixes the sentence with his whip, he, Hiho, and Russell leave and the people who did what the original sign said for them to do never get a chance to thank him or Russell, or something loosely related to the subject. Afterwards, the segment would end with Lone on top of Hiho yelling, "Hi-yo, Hiho! Away!", and then the camera would pan to Russell, who was seen covering his ears and then saying, "Why you must you always yell in that poor horsey's ears?"

Moby Duck: A spoof of Moby-Dick, this takes place in a peapod (spoof of Pequod) where there are two captains. The first is Captain Starbuck, the second Captain Ahab. Starbuck looks through a telescope and sees a white animal and yells, "Wait, Cap'n! Thar she quacks! Moby, the great white duck!" Captain Ahab takes a closer look and gives the tagline "Nay, Mr. Starbuck! That not be Moby, the great white duck! Argh!", and explains the differences and sounds out syllables, showing, for example, Daisy, the entertaining white snail. The two admit defeat before continuing their search. A running gag is the fact that they never look behind them, which is exactly where Moby is. Another running gag would feature an onscreen assistant throwing water into the face of Ahab, humiliating him. The author is said to be "Melvin Hermille", a spoof of Moby Dick author Herman Melville.

Blending Bowl: A kind of "bowl game" in which NFL players blend sounds to make words. It stars former NFL superstar quarterback turned FOX Sports co-host Terry Bradshaw as a commentator. It is similar to Gawain's Word and Blend Mart but with a football setting.

Opposite Bunny: A superhero bunny who saves the day by turning bad things happening in the neighborhood back into good things. The segment ends with the neighbors reviewing the opposites. For example, one episode has the neighbors saying, "First it was raw; now it is cooked. How does that bunny do it?!"

Swami Marmy: This segment features Smarmy Marmy as a fortune teller who tells monkeys their future. In one segment, she tells a monkey that his sister will drop in for a visit, after which she literally, drops in from above. In another segment, she simply tells a monkey "Oops!" after which Marmy knocks her crystal ball off the table and it rolls off and breaks.

Fred Says: Fred Newman portraying himself appears onscreen sounding out a word syllable by syllable after which he acts it or demonstrates it in his usual humor by attaching sounds to each syllable. On multiple occasions, Fred would appear doing his segment twice in the first season.

What's Cooking?: A cooking segment starring Theo and Cleo Lion as chefs. In each segment, they have a recipe and all the things they need (and a few they do not need) in front of them with their names on them (For example, slammed and rammed ham with no yam or clam). They read the recipe step-by-step that usually involves getting rid of the extra ingredients and doing something (rather literally) to the main item before placing it in something. When they reach the last step, that involves cooking the food for a certain amount of time, they just say "Nah" and eat it raw. Sometimes, the camera zooms in on the refrigerator and segues into a Sam Spud segment.

The Joy Learno Show: Female Parody of Jay Leno talks to various guests about words and their meanings.

Replacing Letter Songs: Each song for the vowels such as "a" and "e", etc. This is sung in different words such as "Ben" and "hen". At the end, a letter is replaced such as "t" and changes a letter to "ten". Heath the Thesarus would sometimes introduce the segment by saying, "And now, a little poem in which letters change. And make something very interesting happen."

Marmy's Poetry Corner: This segment features Marmy with guest stars.

Educational content
Between the Lions focuses on teaching reading and a love of books to young children in a fun, informative way.

Among the educational techniques used by Between the Lions are the following:
 * Featured Letters and Sounds – Every episode has a feature letter or sound, such as 'h' or 'the long ee sound'. Throughout the show, the featured letter or sound is heard and seen in a variety of words. In seasons 7 and 8, an ad shows what's coming up next followed by a hand grabbing a letter from the word, usually from the first book.
 * Text on Screen – Frequently, keywords or entire sentences of dialog are shown on screen as the characters talk, with the featured letter or combination highlighted. The gray glove then grabs or puts it back in its place after its segment.
 * Stories – Every episode contains one or more short stories in the form of books read by the Lion family. These stories tie in thematically with the rest of the episode and also serve as another way to present words with the featured sound in context. Sometimes the stories are real books (like "Sylvester and the Magic Pebble" by William Steig, "Joseph Had a Little Overcoat" by Simms Taback, and "The Carrot Seed" by Ruth Krauss) or well-known tales (like "Rumplestiltskin", "The Little Red Hen", and "The Gingerbread Man"); other times they are books that are made-up to fit the episode (like How Pecos Bill Cleans Up the West and Lionel's favorite book, Nothing but Lug Nuts).
 * Songs – Silly but informative songs sum up the rules of English spelling and pronunciation in easy-to-remember ways, with lyrics like "When two vowels go walking, the first one does the talking" or "Even the blues would be blue without an s" and many others. Often the text of the song is shown on screen. The songs for the show are by Thomas Z. Shepard, Christopher Cerf, Sarah Durkee and Paul Jacobs.
 * Animations and skits – A variety of animations and skits show how words are formed and how one word can be changed into another by adding or removing letters.
 * Definitions – Whenever a long or unusual word is used in a dialog or story, a quick definition is given. Usually, it is subtly worked into the conversation, such as when one of the parents responds to a question from the children. Other times it may be provided in a humorous way, such as when Heath Thesaurus pokes his head in to define a word. Occasionally, words may be defined by showing pictures or other artistic methods.
 * Repeated Vocabulary – Various vocabulary words are introduced in each episode, ranging from simple, everyday concepts like "jump" and "read" to more complex words like "sequel", "dictionary", or "drought". After a word has been introduced, it is usually used a number of times throughout the episode.

In addition to teaching basic reading, pronunciation, and grammar skills, Between the Lions also strives to promote a general love of reading in its viewers. It explores the many subjects that books can cover and shows how different people may enjoy reading different things. It also demonstrates the value of reference books and the importance of reading in other everyday activities like using a computer, cooking with a recipe, or finding your way with street signs.

Some Between the Lions episodes also deal with larger episodes related to literary matters: How to handle the scary parts of a story, for example, or the fact that it's okay to be a little sad or scared if something bad happens to a character that you like in a book. It also shows how children can use books as jumping points for their own imagination.

Above all, every character on the show expresses a contagious enthusiasm for reading, with the underlying message being "Reading is cool".

The show's curriculum director, Linda Rath, not only had been a working elementary-schoolteacher for many years specializing in reading but also has a PhD from the Harvard Graduate School of Education (where she obtained a master's before becoming a schoolteacher), working with reading specialist professor Jeanne Chall. The program's educational effectiveness have been researched in several studies.

Daytime Emmy Awards
The series has been nominated for 45 Daytime Emmy Awards and won 10.

Broadcast
Between the Lions premiered on PBS Kids in the United States on April 3, 2000, replacing The Puzzle Place on the program lineup. The original run lasted until November 22, 2010, with reruns continuing through August 31, 2011. The show is no longer broadcast on PBS Kids nor is it available on any streaming platform. However, some video clips and other online resources remain available online for educators.

title: Between the Lions


text:
List of language creators

A conlanger is a person who invents constructed languages (aka conlangs).

Professional conlangers
Individuals who have been hired to create languages.
 * Victoria Fromkin - Paku (a.k.a. Pakuni)
 * Paul Frommer - Na'vi, Barsoomian
 * Madhan Karky - Kiliki
 * Marc Okrand - Klingon, Vulcan, Atlantean
 * Matt Pearson - Thhtmaa
 * David J. Peterson - Dothraki, Valyrian, Kastithanu (Castithan), L'Irathi (Irathient), Indojisnen, Sondiv, Shiväisith, Lishepus, Trigedasleng, Noalath, Inha, Munja'kin
 * Wolf Wikeley - Tho Fan

Published international-auxiliary conlangers
Conlangers who have created languages intended for international communication.
 * Louis de Beaufront
 * Léon Bollack
 * James Cooke Brown
 * Louis Couturat: Ido language
 * George Boeree
 * Alexander Gode
 * Ján Herkeľ
 * Lancelot Hogben
 * Alex G. Igbineweka
 * Otto Jespersen
 * Francis Lodwick: Common Writing
 * Juraj Križanić
 * Matija Majar
 * Vojtěch Merunka
 * Jackson Moore
 * Charles Kay Ogden
 * Giuseppe Peano: Latino sine flexione
 * Kenneth L. Pike
 * Waldemar Rosenberger
 * Johann Martin Schleyer: Volapük
 * Kenneth Searight: Sona
 * Jan van Steenbergen
 * Edgar de Wahl: Interlingue
 * John Wilkins: unnamed universal language
 * L. L. Zamenhof: Esperanto

Published fictional conlangers
Conlangers whose work has been published in books or other media that they created:
 * Richard Adams: Lapine, in Watership Down
 * M.A.R. Barker: Tsolyáni for Tékumel
 * Hector Berlioz
 * Marion Zimmer Bradley
 * Anthony Burgess: Nadsat in A Clockwork Orange and a prehistoric language in Quest for Fire.
 * Samuel R. Delany
 * Suzette Doctolero: Enchanta from the Encantadia Saga.
 * Diane Duane
 * Suzette Haden Elgin: Láadan, in the Native Tongue series
 * Václav Havel
 * Frank Herbert
 * Hergé
 * Robert Jordan: The Old Tongue in The Wheel of Time
 * Ursula K. Le Guin
 * Barry B. Longyear
 * George Orwell: Newspeak, in Nineteen Eighty-Four
 * Christopher Paolini: The Ancient Language in the Inheritance Cycle (Eragon and its sequels)
 * Lynne Sharon Schwartz: in The Writing on the Wall
 * J. R. R. Tolkien: more than twenty languages including Quenya, Sindarin, Khuzdul; see Languages constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien
 * Karen Traviss: Mando'a in the Star Wars expanded universe
 * Christian Vander
 * Tad Williams: Higher Singing in Tailchaser's Song
 * Gene Wolfe: Ascian in The Book of the New Sun

Other notable conlangers
Conlangers whose languages are neither international auxiliary languages nor part of popular media, but are nonetheless significant among enthusiasts, have amassed a notable amount of speakers, or do not fit in other categories:
 * Sonja Lang: Toki Pona, a minimalist language which has gained a large following and several publications over the years since its creation in 2001.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: List of language creators


text:
1838 in Canada

Events from the year 1838 in Canada.

Incumbents

 * Monarch: Victoria

Federal government

 * Parliament of Lower Canada: 15th (until March 27)
 * Parliament of Upper Canada: 13th

Governors

 * Governor of the Canadas: Robert Milnes
 * Governor of New Brunswick: George Stracey Smyth
 * Governor of Nova Scotia: John Coape Sherbrooke
 * Commodore-Governor of Newfoundland: Richard Goodwin Keats
 * Governor of Prince Edward Island: Charles Douglass Smith

January to June

 * January – Samuel Lount captured.
 * January 13 – Navy Island evacuated.
 * January 13 – Lord Eldon, Lord Chancellor under three kings, dies.
 * January 14 – The rebels, under Mackenzie, evacuate Navy Island.
 * January 17 – Lord John Russell introduces a bill to suspend the Constitution of Canada. Lord Brougham says, "You propose to punish a whole Province, because it contains a few malcontent parishes; thus, by your indiscriminating prescriptions, you chastise those, even, who have helped you to stifle the insurrection.
 * February – Border raids begin: Lake Champlain, Hickory, Fighting and Pelee Islands.
 * April 12 – Samuel Lount and Peter Matthews hanged in Toronto.
 * May to July – Guerrilla actions: roasting of the Sir Robert Peel.
 * May 27 – As governor general and high commissioner of British North America, Lord Durham arrives to investigate the circumstances behind the Rebellions of 1837.
 * June 21–23 – Short Hills Raid near Pelham, Ontario

July to December

 * July 30 – James Morreau hanged at Niagara.
 * August 16 – Lord Durham's ordinance is disallowed.
 * November 1 – Lord Durham leaves Quebec.
 * November 3 – Second Rebellion in Canada.
 * November – Uprising in Lower Canada. Battle of the Windmill at Prescott, Upper Canada.
 * November 9 – Battle of Odelltown.
 * November 10 – The rebels gain a victory at Beauharnois.
 * November 16 – Invaders under Von Shoultz are defeated, at Prescott.
 * December – Battle of Windsor (Patriot War).
 * December 13 – Sir John Colborne, Governor General, Messrs. Moffat, Stuart and Badgley go to England, to represent British Canadian views.

Full date unknown

 * Lord Howick declares "If I thought the great mass of people were hostile to Britain, I should say that what ought to be done would be to see how a final separation between them and us could be effectuated without sacrificing British interests; but I do not think that British Canadians are opposed to British domination, for our alliance is more necessary to them than their connection is important to us."
 * Of the French Canadians, he says, "If it be only for their laws and particular usages that they are struggling, surrounded, as they are, by people of other races, they must be aware that they would be made to undergo, if they lost British protection, a much more violent change than any which they have yet had to endure; and certainly, greater and more general than any which we may mean to prescribe for them." He adds that "Unlimited executive responsibility is irreconcilable with the relations which ought to exist between a colony and the metropolitan power. Mr. Grote says, "If the violation, in part, of the Constitution determined the Canadians to arm in defence of their rights, how will they endure the suspension of the Constitution entirely and the confiscation of popular freedom?"
 * Conflict over the New Brunswick-Maine border begins in the Aroostook River area.
 * During December 1838 and January 1839, 30 rebels hanged in London, Kingston and Montreal.
 * The Custom House, at Montreal, is finished.
 * The population of Canada, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Prince Edward Island is 1,282,000.
 * Insurgents are amnestied.
 * The governors of New York and Vermont forbid interference with Canadian difficulties.

Births

 * January 9 – John Arthur Fraser, artist (died 1898)
 * March 25 – Thomas Greenway, politician and 7th Premier of Manitoba (died 1908)
 * April 5 – George-Édouard Desbarats, printer and inventor (died 1893)
 * April 28 – François-Xavier-Anselme Trudel, politician (died 1890)
 * May 12 – James McMillan, United States Senator from Michigan from 1889 till 1902. (died 1902)
 * June 22 – James William Bain, politician (died 1909)
 * August 15 – Daniel Webster Marsh, businessman and Mayor of Calgary (died 1916)
 * August 30 – Peter White, politician (died 1906)

Deaths

 * March 21 – George Ramsay, 9th Earl of Dalhousie (born 1770)
 * July 8 – Peter Robinson, politician, Peterborough, Ontario renamed in his honour (born 1785)
 * August 17 – Michel-Louis Juchereau Duchesnay, army and militia officer, seigneur, jp, and office holder (born 1785)

title: 1838 in Canada


text:
List of GameCube games

The GameCube is Nintendo's fourth home video game console, released during the sixth generation of video games. It is the successor to the Nintendo 64, and was first launched in Japan on September 14, 2001, followed by a launch in North America on November 18, 2001, and a launch in the PAL regions in May 2002. The successor to the GameCube is the Wii, which was first released in North America on November 19, 2006, and is backward compatible with GameCube games, memory cards, and controllers. Later models RVL-101 and RVL-201 would not feature backwards compatibility. The last game officially released for the system was the North American exclusive Madden NFL 08 on August 2007. There are  games on this list. It is organized alphabetically by the games' localized English titles, or by rōmaji transliterations when exclusive to Japan. For a list of games that were announced or in development for the GameCube but never released, see the list of cancelled GameCube games.

title: List of GameCube games


text:
University Library, California State University Northridge

The University Library at California State University, Northridge (CSUN) is located in Northridge, in the northern San Fernando Valley in Los Angeles, California.

History
Construction for the original library began on November 14, 1957, marking it as the college's first permanent campus building. Students were permitted to use the building beginning on February 16, 1959, and the library had its official opening on March 3. The library featured four floors, 200,000 books and a capacity of approximately 15,000 people. The library was heavily damaged during the 1971 San Fernando Earthquake, making it necessary for the closure of the upper floors of the library for repair and organization.

Original construction of the University Library was in two phases. The first phase was opened on October 24, 1973. The second, completed in 1991, nearly doubled the size with additional east and west wings. Both phases were designed by the architect Leo A. Daly. The 1994 Northridge Earthquake badly damaged the building forcing the library to close. The original 'phase one building' re-opened later in 1994. The 'second phase wings' needed demolishing and reconstruction, and re-opened in 2000.

The Library maintains its own AS/RS (Automated Storage and Retrieval System), built in 1991, with a capacity of 1.7 million volumes.

Naming controversy
The library was originally named for Delmar T. Oviatt, former vice president for Academic Affairs, who was involved in the founding of San Fernando Valley State College, CSUN's predecessor.

In 2019, CSUN president Dianne F. Harrison appointed a campus committee to investigate whether the Oviatt Library should be renamed due to allegations of racism. In fall 2020, the Oviatt Library Advisory Working Group presented its findings to President Harrison, the Associated Students Senate, and the CSUN Faculty Senate, recommending that the name of Delmar T. Oviatt be removed from the University Library. After approval from CSU Chancellor Timothy White, the name was changed to University Library in December 2020.

Services and collections
The University Library has a physical collection containing 1.3 million print volumes, of which over one million are books, and over 249,000 bound periodical volumes. The Library subscribes to over 84,000 online journals, 200 online databases, and approximately 500,000 e-books. The microform collection contains 3.1 million pieces. There are over 14,000 sound recordings, and over 60,000 film and video recordings. A special focus is the San Fernando Valley History Collection digital archives. The Special Collections & Archives section of the University Library has many archival collections of important primary source documents including a large collection of materials on LGBTQ and Human sexuality, along with the Vahdah Olcott-Bickford collection (part of IGRA: the International Guitar Research Archive), the Old China Hands Archive,  and the Tom and Ethel Bradley Center vast collection of photographs from diverse communities of color throughout the United States and Latin America. In addition, the Library's Teacher Curriculum Center provides a large circulating collection of curricular materials for education students and local educators.

Film and television shooting location
The University Library has served as a shooting location for numerous films and television series, including Star Trek, Sky High, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Battlestar Galactica, The Middle, and The Orville. It was also one of the filming locations for the music video Intentions by Justin Bieber.


text:
User talk:Waltpohl

Welcome
Hello, welcome to Wikipedia. Here are some useful links in case you haven't already found them:

 * How to edit a page
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian!

Tip: you can sign your name with ~

Dersonlwd Talk 04:25, 24 Feb 2004 (UTC)

Hi, thanks much for filling in Angkor. Have been wanting to get around to it, but glad you did it! Fuzheado 03:19, 5 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks, it was my pleasure. I was just impressed that all of those places already had pages.

Removing redirects just because one page has more links is a poor reason. It just so happens that most of those links came from US military articles. Eventually, there will be many articles on the cities and municipalities of Leyte and Samar (the provinces) that it will match the military articles for links. I'm sorry, I should've used the summary box. --seav 21:51, Mar 15, 2004 (UTC)

BTW, the same thing goes for Bicol, the language Bikol deserves to be linked from a disambiguation page because an alternative spelling to the language's name is Bicol. --seav 22:14, Mar 15, 2004 (UTC)

 * I don't think that they're really very ambiguous. For example, Samar province is part of Samar.  If someone links to Samar, and they meant the province and not the island, then all they have to do is click on the Samar province link that's prominently displayed under the list of provinces.  This is exactly as much work as you have to do with the redirect page.  But if you meant the island then you're already in the right spot.  I agree that the truly correct link for the island is Samar (island), which is why when I wrote the page for it, I put it on the island page.  But if someone links to just Samar, they're going to mean the island most of the time anyway, since the island is intrinsically more interesting than the province.

 * Likewise, for Bicol, I think it's sufficient to add near the top that Bicol is another name for the language, followed by the link to the language page.

 * Wikipedia already has a lot of situations handled this way. For example, the state of New York is under New York, while the city of New York is under New York City, with a prominent link to New York City at the top. I added a page for the Great Lakes (Africa), but rather than turn Great Lakes into a disambiguating page, I added a link at the top of the page.  It just seemed politer to both users and writers. -- Walt Pohl 08:04, 16 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * I don't agree that most people will link to Samar, the island, instead of Samar the province. It's the same thing as Leyte. Both the island and the province of Leyte are mentioned in almost equal times in local news that I read. The same goes for Samar. The reason why there are many articles that link to both the island right now in Wikipedia is because of the US Military stuff, and the WWII stuff.

 * Have you read the Disambiguation page? Look under the Types of disambiguation section. There it says that for multiple article that share the same name, they are either equal in importance or one is overwhelmingly used. That's why Paris is about the French capital with a pointer to Paris (disambiguation) which points to other Parises like Paris, Texas and Paris (mythology) (the Trojan War character). Most will agree that the French capital shouldn't be just under Paris, France.

 * But there is equal disambiguation: which Mercury is more important? Is it the planet? The chemical element? The Roman god of trade? In this case, most will agree that the Mercury page is itself a disambiguation page.

 * I am contending that Samar and Leyte (and to a lesser degree, Bicol) will fall under the latter type of disambiguation. Just because the provinces are within the island doesn't mean that they are less important than the island.

 * But look at this rule on the same page.

 * Specific instances

 * On a page called Title, generally do not disambiguate:
 * * Title County
 * * Title City
 * * Title Hospital
 * * Title University

 * Don't you think this applies here? It's exactly the same situation.  Importance is not the only criterion.  What's more important?  New York the state, or New York City?  Yet, we manage without a disambiguating page.

 * For examples like Paris and Mercury, it's not just that they're ambiguous, it's that the different examples have nothing to do with each other. Here, if I say something is a city in Samar province, and I link to the top-level Samar, have I even gotten anything wrong?  Samar the island and Samar the province are just not different enough to impose on everyone the work of disambiguating every single link to Samar.

 * There's also a point of etiquette here. Look at this comment from the disambiguation page:

 * A code of honor for creating disambiguation pages is to fix the mis-directed links that will be created when the disambiguation page is made.

 * I think that's an important consideration. -- Walt Pohl 23:17, 17 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Ok, I will concede. What convinced me was the way Ireland was handled. Ireland the country (i.e., the Republic of Ireland) occupies just a part of the island of Ireland, but the two are somewhat equivalent in importance. In fact, the country is probably more important (when current news simply says "Ireland", usually the country is meant). Wikipedia, however, chose to do what you did for Samar and Leyte. --seav 15:45, Mar 18, 2004 (UTC)

Hi, welcome to WikiProject Protected Areas. I keep an eye on it and contribute from time to time. I note that all your "to-dos" are done so you might find something in this project to occupy your talents. Tiles 07:18, 16 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * Tragically, they're only "done", i.e. they're really minimal stubs I hope to rewrite. But don't worry, I'm planning on working on parks pages anyway (primarily for Africa). -- Walt Pohl 08:04, 16 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Hi, thanks for your comments on List of Late Antique, Early Christian and Medieval art monuments. I agree, to a point. If nothing else, the title is atrocious. However, if one were to take an Art History course on medieval art, about 80% of these monuments would be covered. I do think that a list of this sort is needed. (Actually I think that an even more comprehensive list is needed.) The list could organized differently (It is now in roughly chronolical order.  The many links to nowhere is a problem, but I intend, in the fullness of time, to start many of these articles.David Stapleton 14:24, Mar 18, 2004 (UTC)

At "pages needing attention" you wrote this:

 * Complex number - reads like it was originally copied from an old source. --Walt Pohl 18:19, 13 Mar 2004 (UTC)

Can you be more specific as to what you had in mind? Do you object to its having been copied, or to the age of the source, or what? I have some experience teaching most of the material on this page in classrooms at MIT and elsewhere. The page is clearly not intended to bring people up to speed on current research or anything like that -- if it were, it would be on any of a great number of narrower topics. I don't see why a source written in 1930 would be any worse than one written in 2000 just because of its age, in an article of this kind. But maybe if you mention more specific points I'll understand what you're trying to say. Michael Hardy 21:47, 28 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * I had two concerns. First, that it was taken from a source still under copyright.  Second, that since the source is old, that the terminology or the history might be out of date.  (For example, I've never heard the term "direction coefficient".) Walt Pohl 19:29, 29 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Hi, I just wanted to say thanks for the initial articles for the missing sporadic groups. -- Schneelocke (cheeks clone)   22:37, 22 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * You're welcome. I was sick of seeing those entries on the list of year-old requests. -- Walt Pohl 08:32, 23 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Dsadfsdfasljk
See my talk page --KayEss 05:47, 28 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 * You'd best do it. I have no idea how to list things for deletion... --KayEss 22:54, 28 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Article Licensing
Hi, I've started a drive to get users to multi-license all of their contributions that they've made to either (1) all U.S. state, county, and city articles or (2) all articles, using the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC-by-sa) v1.0 and v2.0 Licenses or into the public domain if they prefer. The CC-by-sa license is a true free documentation license that is similar to Wikipedia's license, the GFDL, but it allows other projects, such as WikiTravel, to use our articles. Since you are among the top 1000 Wikipedians by edits, I was wondering if you would be willing to multi-license all of your contributions or at minimum those on the geographic articles. Over 90% of people asked have agreed. For More Information:
 * Multi-Licensing FAQ - Lots of questions answered
 * Multi-Licensing Guide
 * Free the Rambot Articles Project

To allow us to track those users who muli-license their contributions, many users copy and paste the " " template into their user page, but there are other options at Template messages/User namespace. The following examples could also copied and pasted into your user page:

 * Option 1
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions, with the exception of my user pages, as described below:

OR
 * Option 2
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions to any U.S. state, county, or city article as described below:

Or if you wanted to place your work into the public domain, you could replace " " with "  ". If you only prefer using the GFDL, I would like to know that too. Please let me know what you think at my talk page. It's important to know either way so no one keeps asking. -- Ram-Man (comment| talk)

Finance
Can you please discuss your changes on the talk page for that article? That is a pretty radica change, and while I don't think it currently helped, I welcome your edits and hope you will keep working on it. - Taxman 14:32, Dec 14, 2004 (UTC)

But you're not Walter Pohl the Late Antique Scholar? Or are you? Oh wait -- are you the Walt Pohl that comments at CT, Dr. B, etc.?

 * I have an active dream life, so I can't rule out that I'm a sleepwalking Late Antique Scholar. Is CT Crooked Timber?  Then that's me. -- Walt Pohl 01:38, 17 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Administrator nomination
Hello & happy new year. I see that you are a contributor since early 2004 and you've made a lot of edits on many topics, and equally important you seem able to get along with other editors. I will sponsor you for administratorship if you are interested. You may reply here or on my talk page. Regards & happy editing, Wile E. Heresiarch 07:08, 1 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * I would definitely be interested. I appreciate you noticing my contributions. -- Walt Pohl 18:22, 2 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Terrific! Please reply at Requests for adminship/Waltpohl to accept the nomination. Regards, Wile E. Heresiarch 01:37, 3 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Congratulations!
Congratulations! It's my pleasure to let you know that, consensus being reached, you are now an administrator. You should read the relevant policies and other pages linked to from the administrators' reading list before carrying out tasks like deletion, protection, banning users, and editing protected pages such as the Main Page. Most of what you do is easily reversible by other sysops, apart from page history merges and image deletion, so please be especially careful with those. You might find the new administrators' how-to guide helpful. Cheers! -- Cecropia | explains it all ® 02:33, 10 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks! -- Walt Pohl 02:55, 10 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Congratulations, Walt. Use your awesome powers wisely! I'm sure you will continue to be a credit to the project. Regards & happy editing, Wile E. Heresiarch 04:26, 10 Jan 2005 (UTC)

New Mathematics Wikiportal
I noticed you've done some work on Mathematics articles. I wanted to point out to you the new Mathematics Wikiportal- more specifically, to the Mathematics Collaboration of the Week page. I'm looking for any math-related stubs or non-existant articles that you would like to see on Wikipedia. Additionally, I wondered if you'd be willing to help out on some of the Collaboration of the Week pages.

I encourage you to vote on the current Collaboration of the Week, because I'm very interested in which articles you think need to be written or added to, and because I understand that I cannot do the enormous amount of work required on some of the Math stubs alone. I'm asking for your help, and also your critiques on the way the portal is set up.

Please direct all comments to my user-talk page, the Math Wikiportal talk page, or the Math Collaboration of the Week talk page. Thanks a lot for your support! ral315 02:54, Feb 11, 2005 (UTC)

A message to the WikiProject Rivers participants
Would you, please, consider participation in the discussion about the naming of the articles on rivers? Certain users suggested that the word "River" should be omitted from the title. Currently the discussion is held at User talk:Markussep, but it will hopefully be moved to Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Rivers soon. Thank you for your attention.—Ëzhiki (erinaceus europeaus) 21:09, Mar 10, 2005 (UTC)

New Mathematics Project Participants List
Hi Walt.

In case you didn't follow the discussion on Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Mathematics here: Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Mathematics, I'm writing to you to let you know that I've converted the "WikiProject Mathematics Participants List" into a table. It is now alphabetical, includes links to the participant's talk page and contribution list, and has a field for "Areas of Interest". Since your name is on the list, I thought you might want to check and/or update your entry.

Regards, Paul August ☎ 15:10, Mar 20, 2005 (UTC)

Talk page changes
I've been removing links to a disambiugation page; so that Special:Whatlinkshere/mercury isn't so polluted I can't figure out what's linking to it. Because I've been changing so many pages (I don't watch them otherwise I'd have thousands of pages being watched), I hadn't realised you'd changed it back, which is why the changes were made a second time. Do you have a burning desire to link a year old conversation directly to that disambiguation page rather than indirectly via an external link? Josh Parris ✉ 23:37, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

L(R) and large cardinals
I've added the dependency on large cardinals to the section header. Hope this addresses your concern. The point is that a coherent picture emerges in the presence of large cardinals, and that's what I want to get across, not lose it in a lot of graphs of what depends on what.

Wikipedia:WikiProject Protected areas
Howdy...we've been making some alterations to infoboxes and the project that you may wish to be aware of and have an opportunity to discuss in the protected areas project. Link to the "general" and the "status" subpages to see what's going on.--MONGO 05:09, 6 October 2005 (UTC)

Please vote on list of lists, a featured list candidate
Please vote at Featured list candidates/List of lists of mathematical topics. Michael Hardy 20:46, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Henry the Navigator
An article that you've edited before (Henry the Navigator) is nominated for Biography Collaboration of the Week. If you want go there and vote. Thanks. Gameiro 20:44, 24 October 2005 (UTC)

Co-recursion
Thanks for catching my error with regard to the redirect. I was only familiar with recursive/co-recusive with regard to computability. Since you seem to have a much better understanding, could you create an article (or at least a stub) to replace the redirect I created. Thanks. Kenj0418 07:06, 29 December 2005 (UTC)

Computational algebra improvement drive?
Hi, Walt, looks like you are semi-retired, but you might like to know that I have been thinking of trying to improve articles on Gröbner basis stuff, including Syzygy, where I think a much more intuitive discussion should be possible, and also adding other stuff as per Ideals, Varieties, and Algorithms and other textbooks, including plus the books of Sturmels. I had a pretty awful time trying to improve general relativity articles, but some have suggested that I might find pure math less crank infested. Reply by email, perhaps?---CH 00:11, 16 September 2006 (UTC)

 * I tried sending you email, but I might have the wrong address. (It did not bounce, though.)  Did you get any? -- Walt Pohl 03:58, 19 September 2006 (UTC)

Hi, Walt, good to hear from you. Can you try again, this time putting your name in the subject line? I am trying to debug after some recent changes.---CH 19:35, 19 September 2006 (UTC)

Please bear with me, if this doesn't work you might need to try again after I have shot the trouble with a sysadmin, which could take a few days. ---CH 19:49, 19 September 2006 (UTC)

Email: never mind, the problem was at my end and I am fixing it. I did get your email and have replied. ---CH 20:54, 19 September 2006 (UTC)

Question about the Zande in Sudan
Hello, Walt,

I've tracked you down as the culprit who wrote that the Sudanese Zande live in the area of the Uele River. Isn't the Uele in the DR Congo only? Do you have any other info about where they are? I had a Zande friend from Aba in southern Sudan, but I have no info that's more specific. Cheers. Dblomgren 03:56, 16 November 2006 (UTC)

 * I was just changing links from Uele to Uele River. I have no information on the subject, sadly. -- Walt Pohl 06:49, 19 November 2006 (UTC)

Wikiproject Finance
Seeing some of your editorial interests, I'd like to invite you to join and help form WikiProject Finance. --Leifern 20:35, 1 February 2007 (UTC)

World Heritage template
Hi! I created a template for World Heritage Sites: Infobox World Heritage Site. Since many of the protected areas are also recognized as World Heritage Sites, I thought that it will be appropriate to forward this template here, and hopefully, for the community to help improve the template. Someone mentioned that the footnotes are unclear (i.e. why the need to emphasize "official" there). It's because the official name (or the name as inscribed on the List) is different from what we usually know. And the Region also has footnote to tackle specifically the classification of those regions which may fall ambiguously between two continents (e.g. those in Russia, Turkey, Cyprus, etc.). In addition, I think that the info provided in the template is much like a jargon for most readers since it box is more of use for internal references in the World Heritage program. I hope that the community will help improve the template and make it more relevant to the readers of wikipedia in general. Thanks. Joey80 13:50, 20 March 2007 (UTC)

Prime rings
Hello, I slightly changed the definition of prime ring, see Talk:prime ring. I hope that was ok. Cheers, AxelBoldt 15:01, 14 April 2007 (UTC)

Mathematics CotW
Hey Walt, I am writing you to let you know that the Mathematics Collaboration of the week(soon to "of the month") is getting an overhaul of sorts and I would encourage you to participate in whatever way you can, i.e. nominate an article, contribute to an article, or sign up to be part of the project. Any help would be greatly appreciated, thanks--Cronholm144 00:22, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

Subnet
Please, have a look at Talk:Subnet (mathematics). (The article you have created.) --Kompik 10:47, 28 October 2007 (UTC)

Atlas
Dear Waltpohl,

I appreciate the fact that you wrote a improved copy of the page, Atlas (topology) 4 years ago but I still have some criticism:

 * You referred to a manifold as a 'complicated space'; this word is not mathematical and doesn't explain what a manifold really is
 * Additional to this, you wrote that a manifold is made up of 'simple spaces'. According to this, a 'simple space' could be an open interval in R. But any open interval in R is also a manifold (being homeomorphic to R) which means that according to a space can be 'simple' and 'compicated' at the same time
 * There is no such concept of a 'simple space' in mathematics anyhow. There is such thing as a simple function (often used in measure theory), however.
 * Worst of all, you haven't included the actual definition of an atlas
 * However, the article suggests that you obivously know what an atlas is and what it is mathematically described as.

Therefore, I am compelled to ask you why you wrote the article in a non-formal manner. Could you please tell me why? In any case, I will propose that parts of the article be rewritten.

Thanks

Topology Expert (talk) 07:33, 8 August 2008 (UTC)

Emil or Michael?
Could you address the question at Talk:Artin–Zorn theorem? Thanks. Michael Hardy (talk) 20:38, 24 August 2009 (UTC)

Initial contex-setting

 * In group theory, an oligomorphic group is a particular kind of.....

Hello.

I think "In group theory,..." fails to tell the lay reader that mathematics is what this is about. "In geometry,..." or "In algebra,..." or "In number theory,..." or "In calculus,..." or "In arithmetic,..." works, but the typical lay person would probably not have heard of group theory. I've changed it to this:
 * In group theory, a branch of mathematics, an oligomorphic group is a particular kind of.....
 * In group theory, a branch of mathematics, an oligomorphic group is a particular kind of.....

Michael Hardy (talk) 05:28, 17 November 2009 (UTC)

 * That's perfectly fine. -- Walt Pohl (talk) 09:17, 17 November 2009 (UTC)

Quadruple product article
Brews told me that he won't be able to edit Wikipedia for the coming few weeks. So, I think you can go ahead and make the edits to the article that are necessary. Brews told me to keep an eye on the article (he feared that it would be railroaded to deletion via PROD or AFD with few editors commenting there). Of course, I would always give my indpendent opinion on the article; I don't have any strong opinions right now. Count Iblis (talk) 22:34, 20 September 2010 (UTC)

 * Thanks for letting me know. -- Walt Pohl (talk) 13:21, 21 September 2010 (UTC)

MSU Interview
Dear Waltpohl,

My name is Jonathan Obar user:Jaobar, I'm a professor in the College of Communication Arts and Sciences at Michigan State University and a Teaching Fellow with the Wikimedia Foundation's Education Program. This semester I've been running a little experiment at MSU, a class where we teach students about becoming Wikipedia administrators. Not a lot is known about your community, and our students (who are fascinated by wiki-culture by the way!) want to learn how you do what you do, and why you do it. A while back I proposed this idea (the class) to the communityHERE, where it was met mainly with positive feedback. Anyhow, I'd like my students to speak with a few administrators to get a sense of admin experiences, training, motivations, likes, dislikes, etc. We were wondering if you'd be interested in speaking with one of our students.

So a few things about the interviews:
 * Interviews will last between 15 and 30 minutes.
 * Interviews can be conducted over skype (preferred), IRC or email. (You choose the form of communication based upon your comfort level, time, etc.)
 * All interviews will be completely anonymous, meaning that you (real name and/or pseudonym) will never be identified in any of our materials, unless you give the interviewer permission to do so.
 * All interviews will be completely voluntary. You are under no obligation to say yes to an interview, and can say no and stop or leave the interview at any time.
 * The entire interview process is being overseen by MSU's institutional review board (ethics review). This means that all questions have been approved by the university and all students have been trained how to conduct interviews ethically and properly.

Bottom line is that we really need your help, and would really appreciate the opportunity to speak with you. If interested, please send me an email at obar@msu.edu (to maintain anonymity) and I will add your name to my offline contact list. If you feel comfortable doing so, you can post your nameHERE instead.

If you have questions or concerns at any time, feel free to email me at obar@msu.edu. I will be more than happy to speak with you.

Thanks in advance for your help. We have a lot to learn from you.

Sincerely,

Jonathan Obar --Jaobar — Preceding unsigned comment added by 35.9.115.210 (talk) 21:36, 2 March 2012 (UTC)

Happy Admin Anniversary!!!
Happy Adminship Anniversary! Have a very happy adminship anniversary on your special day! Best wishes, †2†ťəäçħ†4†ӛṿəř (22:22, 10 January 2015 (UTC))

Suspension of administrative permissions due to inactivity
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Welcome back!
As a recently returned sysop, welcome back to the admin corps. We always need help at WP:ADMINBACKLOG if there are any areas you can help with that would be most welcomed. Happy mopping! — xaosflux  Talk 18:59, 7 February 2015 (UTC)

Desuspension
Hi,

I have just noticed that you contributed a lot to write about suspension (topology). I have tried to write about desuspension, an opposite operation. May you review my work? I am not a professional mathematician, but high-profile math has been my passion since my childhood. Cheers!

Lamro (talk) 14:34, 23 June 2015 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for September 29
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A new user right for New Page Patrollers
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Invitation to Admin confidence survey
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Birthday Committee
 Removal from member list You have been inactive for more than 6 months and have been removed from the Wikipedia Birthday Committee birthday list. If you become active again please feel free to re-add yourself Best wishes, A 10 fireplane Imform me  15:25, 29 January 2019 (UTC)

ArbCom 2019 special circular

This message was sent to all administrators following a recent motion. Thank you for your attention. For the Arbitration Committee, Cameron11598 02:19, 4 May 2019 (UTC)

Administrator account security (Correction to Arbcom 2019 special circular)
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18:12, 4 January 2022 (UTC)

New administrator activity requirement
22:53, 15 April 2022 (UTC)

Draft:Saifi Ismail
Hello, Waltpohl,

If you restore a draft or user page deleted for CSD G13 criteria, you need to make a minor edit to the page afterwards or it immediately becomes eligible for deletion again. If you expect to be doing this more, like helping out at WP:REFUND, you should install the script at User:SD0001/RFUD-helper which will do these minor edits for you. Thanks. Liz Read! Talk! 03:11, 1 November 2022 (UTC)

 * Thanks. Walt Pohl (talk) 03:29, 1 November 2022 (UTC)

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AlphaPolis moved to draftspace
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Deletion discussion about AlphaPolis
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 * The worst part about these bot-executed actions is the fake-polite boilerplate. Welcome to Wikipedia?  I've been here for more than a decade.
 * Ironically, if I was new this would be the opposite of welcoming. The Wikipedia editing process is dominated by interactions like this.  All of the rewards for petty, bot-driven policy actions.  (I use bots myself, so I'm not innocent.)  The rewards for creating new content is essentially zero. -- Walt Pohl (talk) 08:20, 28 February 2023 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Waltpohl


text:
1839 in Canada

Events from the year 1839 in Canada.

Incumbents

 * Monarch: Victoria

Federal government

 * Parliament of Upper Canada: 13th

Governors

 * Governor of the Canadas: John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham then Charles Poulett Thomson, 1st Baron Sydenham
 * Governor of New Brunswick: John Harvey
 * Governor of Nova Scotia: Colin Campbell
 * Commodore-Governor of Newfoundland: Henry Prescott
 * Governor of Prince Edward Island: Charles Douglass Smith
 * Governor of Upper Canada: George Arthur then Charles Poulett Thomson

Events

 * February 15 – Chevalier DeLorimier and others who joined in the Rebellion are executed.
 * April 11 – Death of John Galt, novelist, one of the originators of the British American Land Company.
 * June 24 – Last meeting of the Committee of Trade, forerunner of the Board of Trade.
 * September 19 – Opening of the Albion Mines Railway in Nova Scotia, an early Canadian steam-driven mining railway
 * September 26 – Canadian rebels are transported to New South Wales.
 * October 19 – Charles Thomson, Governor of Upper and Lower Canada, arrives. It is determined that Upper and Lower Canada shall share revenue in the ratio of 2 to 3.

Full date unknown

 * Lord Durham's report recommends the establishment of responsible government and the union of Upper and Lower Canada to speed the assimilation of French-speaking Canadians.
 * Territorial disputes between lumbermen from Maine and New Brunswick lead to armed conflict in the Aroostook River valley (the Aroostook War).
 * First Horse Railway in Upper Canada.
 * Mount Allison University founded by Charles Frederick Allison in Sackville, New Brunswick.

Births

 * January 1 – Annie L. Jack, author
 * January 29 – Élie Saint-Hilaire, educator, farmer and politician (died 1888)
 * May 8 – Adolphe-Basile Routhier, judge, author and lyricist (died 1920)
 * May 31 – Louis-Alphonse Boyer, politician (died 1916)
 * October 8 – George Edwin King, jurist, politician and 2nd Premier of New Brunswick (died 1901)
 * September 17 – Antonin Nantel, priest, teacher, school administrator, and author (died 1929)
 * November 16 – Louis-Honoré Fréchette, poet, politician, playwright and short story writer (died 1908)

Full date unknown

 * Augustus F. Goodridge, politician and Premier of Newfoundland (died 1920)
 * James Colebrooke Patterson, politician, Minister and Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba (died 1929)

Deaths

 * September 18 – Jeanne-Charlotte Allamand, pioneer, educator and artist (b. 1760 in Switzerland)

title: 1839 in Canada