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Talk:Michael Medved

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Michael Medved has a daily talk radio show on 770 AM KTTH based out of Seattle, Washington that is syndicated in various U.S. radio markets. http://www.ktth.com/ Michael Medved recently authored a non-fiction book called Right Turns about his gradual conversion from a political liberal to a conservative. http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1400051878/qid=1108833454/sr=2-1/ref=pd_bbs_b_2_1/104-2736321-4503945--

This needs to be integrated into the text in accordance with approved style. Ellsworth 18:01, 19 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * "Medved recently published a self-bigraphical work called Right Turns (2005) explaining his gradual conversion from being a liberal-Democrat to conservative-Republican." I've changed self-bigraphical to autobiographical because a) it was spelt wrong and b) autobiographical is standard. Assuming, of course, that that is what the writer meant to say. -User:Jenmoa 23:06, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Photo flipped
The photograph of Medved is flipped left to right. Wedding ring is on his right hand?
 * I suspect that it is not flipped, as it is a Jewish tradition to wear wedding rings on the right hand. (See Wedding ring.)   dbtfz talk 23:57, 25 February 2006 (UTC)

That's as maybe, but a cropped version of the same photo appears on his web site, and it's the other way around. Unless he posed twice, each time on a different elbow. Lexo 17:00, 13 July 2006 (UTC)

Neocon
Medved is a neoconservative, not a conservative —The preceding unsigned comment was added by HowardJ87 (talk • contribs) 12:05, 23 April 2007 (UTC).

Michael and Bigfoot
Interestingly enough, he believes in Bigfoot. I'm not kidding. He has had a serious discussion of this topic on his program. There is a reference to this belief on this page http://www.ktcr.com/djs/michaelmedved.shtml

It's incredible that a man who believes in bigfoot be allowed to reach so many people through radio. That gives us an idea of how irrealistic his perception of the world is. If you add up the fact that he's a seriously stubborn person, he's admitted it in the past himself, results in a highly manipulating behavior. Like doing what he has referred to in the past "to argue into submission."

 * So your position is that people who believe in Bigfoot should somehow be prevented by legal or extra-legal means to talk on the radio? Interesting.  From your entire statement here I guess you would tend to want to prevent anyone who disagrees with you and who can ably defend his position from having a voice, am I right?  You're in good company, as this is a position held by many famous men such as Hitler, Stalin and Chairman Mao.

 * Was that the point this person was trying to make? "People who believe in Bigfoot should be barred by any means necessary from public speaking --by anti-bigfoot vigilantes if necessary!" Or... do you think maybe the person was simply expressing incredulity that, legal issues aside, a bigfoot believer would be regarded by his employers as the top qualified candidate to pontificate on our nations airwaves?  While you're pondering that, ponder this: what do you think of this newly proposed wiki rule: "Without infringing on their civil liberties, any kneejerk reactionaries who post flaming fascism accusations base on partisan politics should be openly mocked"?

 * The word "allow" from Wiktionary: "to grant, give, admit, accord, afford, or yield; to let one have; as, to allow a servant his liberty; to allow a free passage; to allow one day for rest". Who else to grant or give than some outside agent or agents?  I will admit that allow could suggest that he is being allowed by virtue of his listeners to be on the air, or by the owners of the radio network (who make good money through this particular big-foot believer, and so have strong motivation for allowing him to spout on), but it's a ham-handed way to put it.  The phrases "there ought to be a law" and "it should not be allowed" is very frequently uttered by those who want to enforce their preferences by governmental action, and the word "allow", in context, strongly suggests that.  Sorry if it bugged you.

I don't know if the person who made the first comment displayed here in the Bigfoot section wrote that comment a while ago, but I just saw it and it is ridiculous. If you want to discuss seemingly preposterous theories, let's talk about them. Since one can easily tell that you're a good liberal (good liberal - now there's an oxymoron for you; by this phrase I mean that you adhere to liberal beliefs and are eager to slander conservative views since there is absolutely no moral substance to your own views), I think it's safe to assume that you believe in the 9/11 conspiracy theory, am I right? To be concise, you probably believe that the U.S. government was behind the September 11th tragedy that occurred in "this greatest nation on God's green earth." There's probably more believable evidence for the existence of Bigfoot than this theory. And if you don't believe in the 9/11 conspiracy theory (unlikely), I'd bet money that you believe in human-caused global warming, despite the lack of evidence for it and the dangers of consensus science (if you want to read more on this, particularly the dangers of consensus science, type in "Aliens Cause Global Warming" in your google search engine, or you can also read online about the several innacurate, profit-driven,and exaggerated statements that led a British judge to rule that "An Inconvient Truth" should not be shown in schools). And if you don't believe in the two previous, unfounded theories - I think I would drop dead from shock if you didn't at least believe in global warming - I'm sure that you support abortion, namely the killing of 1.3 MILLION fetuses a year, which translates to an average 3,561 fetuses killed a day. I wonder who has the moral high ground on the issue of abortion - yourself or Michael Medved? Who would anyone with any sense rather, in your words, "reach[ing] so many people through radio" - a man who has very honorable beliefs (such as recognizing the sanctity of human life and being pro-life) and happens to believe in Bigfoot, or a person like you with fascist tendencies who supports the liberal ideas that will bring down this great nation and opposes the people trying to defend this magnificent country from the enemy within (liberals). - Posted by: God Bless America on January 8, 2008

Vietnam
Vietnam No Show - What a suprise!

Dean, Mar10,2006

What's your point? He was a democrat back then and he disapproved of the war. Are you trying to use this as rhetoric against conservatives?

[Unregistered, 3/15/05)

A couple of comments. First, this page is not a forum for political debate; it is for discussing how the article can be improved. Second, messages on this and all talk pages should be signed by typing ~. dbtfz talk 01:36, 16 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Very interesting -- the man didn't fight in Vietnam but has been very pro Iraq-war. Sounds like a chickenhawk? Justforasecond 05:29, 16 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Worth mentioning in his bio his lack of any civil or military service.--68.6.210.169 18:58, 18 July 2006 (UTC)

He might be a draft dodger, but that should not be put in the article. First off, where is the proof that he took a job at a middle school to avoid the draft? Second, unless his anti-war views were something he was noted for, then why do you need to mention Vietnam? Should we mention under every persons profile that did not serve in Vietnam that fact? Just because he is pro-Iraq War does not mean have to mention he did not serve in Vietnam. If he was a noted anti-war protester that is different. Till somekind of non-biased source can be tagged to the POV statement abouit his draft-dodging, I am taking it out.--67.142.130.45 21:58, 20 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Any pro-Iraq war opinion leader (journalist, politician, celebrity) that escaped service in Vietnam should have this noted on his page. Justforasecond 23:47, 20 July 2006 (UTC)

As an Iraq and 'Stan Veteran I think he should of served in Vietnam. However I don't think it is relevant. Even if I person is against the Iraqi War and they dodged the draft in Vietnam I think that is wrong. If you are able-bodied if your country is at war (declared or un-declared) you serve. How many pages would we have to edit?

If there is a source where Micheal says he avoided the draft by working at a middle school, than that can be added. Otherwise it is just a assumption.--216.52.73.254 14:15, 21 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Any pro-Iraq war opinion leader (journalist, politician, celebrity) that escaped service in Vietnam should have this noted on his page.  Why?  Because in the broad scheme of things people aren't allowed to change their opinions over time?  Or must forever be silent about it?  Bat-puckey.  As it turns out, Medved admits to the whole thing in Right Turns.  In pages 112-116 he describes how while attending Yale Law School he got a job as an English and science teacher at the New Haven Hebrew Day School expressly because they could get him a IIA occupational draft deferment.  They also never paid him, so it wasn't for the money. He could have claimed he was teaching because of his concern for youth and education, but he chose the honest course and admitted to an act that he clearly now considers shameful. Mike 01:02, 7 October 2006 (UTC)

Dubious "Criticism" Section
I know the Wikipedian method of injecting bias into articles is to cite "critics" of who or what is being described in the article. That way a user can contribute his POV and still distance himself from it when somebody cries foul: "Hey, I'M not the one who said it." In some forms, though, this criticism can potentially draw attention to material matters, even though that is usually not the user's real purpose. Let's take a look at what exists on this page now.

>>>Under the "Movie Reviews" section: "Other critics...[view] him as a shallow philistine." No source here to tell which critics, save for the user, think he is a "shallow philistine."

>>>A couple sentences down a "particularly egregious howler" is described, which is indisputably POV language.

>>>After that there is no source for which critics disagree with his ranking of the 50 worst movies.

>>>And the clincher is the thoroughly irrelevant, thoroughly out of context ad hominem barb attributed to James Wolcott in the same section. This quote tells us nothing in particular about what problems critics have with Medved, it's just a juvenile personal attack on Medved's general intelligence.

Like I said, the politically-motivated "criticism" sections can accidentally be of some constructive use, but what is put forth here are vapid cheap shots. And is there really even any reason to include criticism of somebody who is already a critic?

Section not all that dubious
Is the above commentator suggesting that critics are not criticised? Medved's opinions are extremely controversial and his accuracy has been publicly questioned. I've read more criticism of Medved than books or articles by him. The language should perhaps be toned down - 'error' being a reasonable substitute for 'particularly egregious howler' - but I see no reason to omit any mention of the fact that he's supposed to have made factual errors, or that a great many professionals in his field disagree with his assessments of the state of Hollywood, the 50 worst (or best) films, etc. Lexo 14:57 13 July 2006 (UTC)

"Criticism" Section All That Dubious
Am I suggesting that critics are not criticized? Of course not, we can see here that this one is. My problem is with the vacuous nature of the criticism. As it was the criticism consisted of puerile ad hominem attacks rather than serious, substantive criticism of his work. And I don't mean too much personal offense when I say that people like you are what is wrong with Wikipedia, and why its controversial articles will always be an editing competition between partisan hacks rather than genuine encyclopaedia articles. Always looking for some way to tar the opposition with third-party speculation and by airing their dirty laundry under the shamefully transparent guise of full disclosure or comprehensive objectivity. Note how you put the ball in my court, making it about "omitting" information rather than what it really is--taking your enemies down a notch with comically unrelated talking points and party lines. Finally, and most importantly, you reject the notion that the section in question is dubious, then go on to admit at least one of the shameless indiscretions I mentioned. It appears we do not really have much of a disagreement in that respect.

Open letter to Medved on a blog
This is a letter he was emailed a while ago, to which he never answered.

 * http://jcbm.la.googlepages.com/home

This is after declaring some sort of tolerance to the illegal immigrants, with the repeatitive "we can't deport them all" "we can't even deport the ones with criminal records", "Let them straighten up and become part of our society..." "... pay fines...", etc. His support is obviously ambiguous.

Make this phrase neutral, if possible
"He is against gay rights and thinks homelessness should be made illegal." This was added by an anonymous user. Is there a source for where he says that "homelessness should be made illegal"? What's he intend to do, arrest them all? Execute them? Also, I don't know exactly what position he takes on homosexuality (judging from the childish nature of his rhetoric, it's probably not a mature one) but it is slightly POV to say that his position is merely "against gay rights." If nothing else, I doubt he would phrase it that way. --Mr. Billion 07:59, 5 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Most people who are against gay rights don't like admitting that that is their position. They claim to be in favor of "family values" which makes no sense whatsoever as, different families have different values and hundreds of thousands of families have at their center, a gay couple.  Wikipedia would become ridiculous if the only descriptions we could give of anyone is what they would say about themselves.  Somehow I doubt the same people that apply that principle to Michael Medved would do the same for Michael Moore. 24.215.145.136 01:56, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

'Family Values' means one man and one woman raising their own children. A gay couple are not a family, by definition. You can take issue with this, but don't say it makes 'no sense'; it makes perfect sense to an Orthodox Jew (among others). As for 'gay rights', that means different things to different people. Does Medved want to criminalize them, or leave them alone, or deny them affirmative action benefits, or what? This should be made clear;'against gay rights' is rather vague.67.188.213.31 (talk) 07:02, 26 September 2013 (UTC)

Friendship in intro
I removed Mr. Medved's friendship mention in the article. Is that frienship notable? Also, should Medved ethnicity be mention as well in the intro. And his wife and children.Is he more famous for being Jewish or his support for the war?? Can we stick to a one line intro about WHAT makes him notable and then add his family, friends, ethnicity, polictics below in the article?? Thoughts? Thanks! --Tom 14:20, 9 August 2006 (UTC)
 * ps, I just removed some unsourced material. I am noticing that this is another bio that has ZERO references??? Any Medved fans or foes out there that can provide some footnotes?? I'll try as well, thanks! --Tom 14:25, 9 August 2006 (UTC)

Sources??
Can sources be cited per WP:CITE when adding material to this article. Am I asking to much?? Thanks...--Tom 21:38, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

Issues?
Why is an article on a self proclaimed "conservative" commentator so sorely lacking in any material regarding his positions on controversial political issues? Regardless of your POV, if a large part of a famous person's activities are political in nature how can an article descrbing them be of any use whatsoever without any information on their advocacy?

It seems to me that this article has been carefully cleansed of anything that may make Medved look bad and that apparently that eliminated most of his views on, well, everything.24.215.145.136 01:56, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

Religion
The sentence "He is an Orthodox Jew (although Medved claims to be an "observant Jew")" is clearly POV. Shortened this to "Medved describes himself as an observant Jew." If the Orthodox part can be sourced it should be added following that statement as in 'Medved describes himself an "observant Jew." Time magazine noted he is an Orthodox Jew."==Pro– and anti–Judeo-Christian films== The heading "Pro– and anti–Judeo-Christian films" is very unclear, especially since the next three paragraphs seem to deal with an entirely different set of issues. This really needs to be reworded.

Matt T. 69.254.107.214 04:22, 20 September 2006 (UTC)

Link to video of Medved speaking at the Commonwealth Club of California
I believe that this video of Medved speaking adds to the value of the article and should be published in the external links section. I would appreciate it if another editor would add it. Thank you. --Uschris 19:28, 3 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Michael Medved discusses the contradictions that he says plague "liberal orthodoxy", March 12, 2007 (video)

Beliefs
Medved is well known for his beliefs in things for which there is not evidence including Bigfoot and God. That doesn't sound very NPOV to me. Jake Snicket 05:09, 17 May 2007 (UTC)
 * I removed that. I read the source quickly but didn't see big foot/God. The section is out of place and POV as you pointed out. Thanks! --Tom 13:52, 17 May 2007 (UTC)
 * I can say, as a sometime listener, that Medved does believe in both God and Bigfoot. To say there is no evidence for either is POV, however.-- Gerkinstock 19:47, 23 June 2007 (UTC)
 * I was referring that I see no evidence HERE. If their are reliable sources, feel free to add that material. Thanks, --Tom 13:45, 22 August 2007 (UTC)

Madeleine Albright
In the page Madeleine Albright is listed as being a concervative. I'm almost sure she is a liberal. -AB

Albright has many so-called "conservative" beliefs. . . the truth is that labels such as "conservative" and "liberal" are largely meaningless leftovers from the nomenclature of "left-right" used during the French Revolution. Recent books have been published about the "invention" of "conservatism" as a specific label in the US political sphere. Sadly. . . I don't recall the titles. Maybe someone else can help. 72.177.12.245 14:02, 27 September 2007 (UTC)DLH

Three lies???
Medved supposedly wrote a well-known essay about the "Three Lies" Hollywood promulgates?

What are they? Are they any more or less dubious than his supposed belief in SasQuatch! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.177.12.245 (talk) 13:49, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

Read his latest about "American DNA"?

Michael Medved Says Something Dumb Is he crazy or is this a publicity stunt? Midnight Gardener (talk) 20:51, 14 May 2008 (UTC)

Conservative - citation needed?
Look, I don't know proverbially diddly about Medved, but why - why! - would there be a 'citation needed' tag on Medved being a conservative? Does this mean that someone has disputed this description somewhere along the line? Would HE dispute this? We're currently all thrilled by an election campagin in my country, Australia, and there's nothing more fashionable than self-applying the tag 'conservative'. But surely the (undisputed, presumably) section which tells us that he was a co-host for Rush Limbaugh is enough of a 'citation' for his conservative 'credentials' (again, a phrase which is discourse heavy in my country right now - Zeitgeist, baby!) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.44.6.128 (talk • contribs)

 * The answer is simple. It's an opinion that he is conservative. You might call him conservative. I might call him moderate. Someone else might call him neoconservative. Yet someone else might opine that he is a "right wing radical". Some might say he is socially conservative and fiscally moderate, or fiscally conservative and socially moderate. Etc. Etc. Etc. You can agree or disagree with these labels to your heart's content, but it is your opinion, not fact. As for being co-host for Limbaugh, does that make him equally conservative as Limbaugh, and how do you know? Does it put him slightly to the right of Limbaugh, and how do you know? Slightly to the left? Or does it say nothing about how conservative or liberal or moderate he might be? Please read Wikipedia's policies regarding WP:NPOV and WP:V. It either needs to be cited, or removed from the article. My personal preference is to remove the label altogether, but I'm willing to leave it to give someone sufficient time to provide a citation. That's the usual practice on Wikipedia. Ward3001 16:44, 17 October 2007 (UTC)

 * The request for a citation is quite pointless - as explained elsewhere in the article, his autobiography is called Right Turns: From Liberal Activist to Conservative Champion in 35 Unconventional Lessons. There is nothing remotely controversial about calling him a conservative.  He is comparable to other mass-media conservative talk radio hosts such as Sean Hannity, Glenn Beck, Laura Ingraham, and Michael Savage. Tiki2099 20:07, 18 October 2007 (UTC)

 * "The threshold for inclusion in Wikipedia is verifiability, not truth". If it is so obvious that he is conservative, then it should be quite simple to add a citation. Ward3001 21:00, 18 October 2007 (UTC)

 * So do I need to cite the fact that he is Amercian? Or a radio talk-show host?  No, because (according to the page you cite):

 * "Editors should provide a reliable source for quotations and for any material that is challenged or is likely to be challenged, or it may be removed."

 * There is no reasonable way to challenge his status as a conservative. Nevertheless, despite your silly assertion that this could be challenged, I am adding a citation.  I leave it for the next editor to remove it. Tiki2099 03:59, 19 October 2007 (UTC)

Why are Medved's reviews so prevalent in Wiki movie articles?
Maybe it's just my imagination, but it seems like nearly every Wiki article I read about a movie mentions Medved's review of it (particularly if the films had largely positive reviews and Medved was in the dissenting minority). I'm a huge movie buff, and I certainly don't consider the opinions of a right-wing radio host to be representative of the film critic community at large, or even remotely encyclopedic. A very small sampling of articles that mention Medved:

 * Charlotte's Web
 * All the King's Men
 * The Pursuit of Happyness
 * The Fast and the Furious: Tokyo Drift
 * Hoot
 * Little Miss Sunshine
 * Million Dollar Baby
 * Live Free or Die Hard
 * Nacho Libre
 * A Prairie Home Companion
 * United 93
 * Lady in the Water
 * The Girl Next Door
 * Bobby
 * Borat
 * Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest
 * The Cell
 * Redacted
 * Brokeback Mountain
 * Deck the Halls

It just seems to me that the level of inclusion of Medved's criticisms at Wikipedia is not nearly proportional to his level of influence. KyuzoGator (talk) 16:17, 11 December 2007 (UTC)

Well KyuzoGator, after listening to Michael Medved's review of Redacted, it is clear that he didn't even see the movie, based on countless errors he said regarding the story, plot, etc. USS Noob Hunter (talk) 23:23, 9 July 2008 (UTC)

Guys, I'm sure that your opinions of Medved are insightful and well thought-out and all, but may I humbly point out that the discussion page is not the place for discussing whether we love or hate Medved, or for arguing whether his movie reviews are any good? Can we restrict ourselves to such Wikipedia concerns as NPOV, notability and accuracy? If you want to discuss what a ignorant jerk Medved is, perhaps you could start a forum or a blog somewhere? Cyberherbalist (talk) 05:47, 6 November 2010 (UTC)

Conservative redux
In a discussion above, I insisted that a citation should be provided if the term "conservative" was used to describe Medved in the lead. The editor relucantly but quite adequately provided such a citation. In the citation (an interview with Medved) he specifically indicates in at least five different statements that he is conservative. That's more than good enough for me. Now has begun edit warring, reverting the term "conservative" and describing Medved as liberal without providing a citation to that effect. My only purpose in creating this section on the talk page is so that and any other editor can express an opinion without edit warring. Ward3001 (talk) 22:17, 1 February 2008 (UTC)

Talk radio and political commentary
Is the Ben Cohen he of the ice-cream? If so can it be disambiguated? Thanks. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.130.122.126 (talk) 20:05, 8 March 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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Never Trump stance
This should definitely be included in the article somewhere: http://politi.co/2fcT2nY | MK17b |  (talk)  19:59, 29 May 2017 (UTC)

 * Wow, what a glaring deficiency in the article. I've started a paragraph, citing a few sources (including MK17b's).  Please add more!  DougHill (talk) 19:23, 3 January 2019 (UTC)

 * I also added this page to the Stop Trump movement category), tho I'm not sure that commentators go there. DougHill (talk) 18:30, 4 January 2019 (UTC)

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Citation bot
Sorry, I seem to have inadvertently reran wp:citation bot, which only added Medved's name where it was not needed. I'm reluctant to revert this again, so I'll wait a day before doing so. DougHill (talk) 20:49, 13 January 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Michael Medved


text:
Verdiales

Verdiales are a Flamenco music style, and song form belonging to cante chico.

Originating in Almogía, near the Spanish port of Málaga in Andalucía, it is based upon the fandango. For this reason, the verdiales are sometimes known as fandangos de Málaga.

Normally played in the key of E phrygian (key of C major with a sharpened fifth) and rarely in A minor, the verdiales have a 12-count rhythm similar to the soleares, and bulerías.

[[media:VerdialesSerak.ogg|Listen to verdiales]](2:18, 502Kb). This example shows some of the more common falsetas you are likely to hear at an informal flamenco performance.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Verdiales


text:
Savant (disambiguation)

A savant is someone with savant syndrome.

Savant may also refer to:

Places

 * Côte de Savant, the Chablis region of Burgundy, France
 * Savant Lake, a place in Ontario, Canada

People

 * Savant (musician) (born 1987), Norwegian musician
 * Doug Savant (born 1964), American actor
 * Marilyn vos Savant (born 1946), American author
 * Savant Young (born 1976), American professional mixed martial artist

Arts, entertainment, and media

 * Savant (DC Comics), a comic book character
 * Savant (Wildstorm), a comic book character
 * Savant, a 1993 novel by James Follett

Brands and enterprises

 * Savant Investment Group, an American wealth management company
 * Savant publications, an American not-for-profit magazine publisher

title: Savant (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Savant (disambiguation)

The article "Savant" contains text about autistic savants that belongs in that article, if anywhere. I have removed that text. Just in case someone thinks it's worth putting any of it into the autistic savant article, here it is:

 * A common belief is that autistic savants may use more of their brain than normal people or that they use portions of their brains in different ways than others. It has been reported that some people develop autistic savant skills after some sort of injury.

 * There are several variations of savant. Polyglot, savage and natural, and each has different specialities and characteristics.

Question: In what sense is Burkhard Heim supposed to be a "savant"?

 * Zaslav 02:45, 4 May 2006 (UTC)

Watched Catalyst and a new Savant was found

Daniel Tammet “sees” numbers and loves them for their beautiful shapes and wonderful textures.

He can calculate to hundreds of decimal points – in his head.

Researchers are keen to find out what’s going on inside Daniel Tammet’s head because – if he’s for real – it’ll open a brand new window on how the brain works.

This week we join him on a journey from England to California where he’ll undertake a series of        challenges designed to test whether his ability with numbers goes beyond a question of memory.

On his way, he’s stopping over to meet someone who might be just like him, the world’s most famous savant - from Catalyst (will post the link when it is posted up on the website,        currently a promo, but not in the actual archive on the site Timmah01 10:43, 7 September 2006 (UTC)

What about Savants who can calculate dates? On the Discovery Channel, they had Savants who could do that. --66.218.12.133 03:10, 22 October 2006 (UTC)

Cut down, C/P'd, GFDL, etc.
As my edit summary says, the first edit turning this into a disambiguation page was taken from Savant (disambiguation), whose sole contributor was Neutrality, at 01:59, November 3, 2006. -- Consumed Crustacean (talk) 05:37, 18 November 2006 (UTC)

Requested move 12 November 2018

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: moved per request. Favonian (talk) 19:02, 19 November 2018 (UTC)

Savant → Savant (disambiguation) – Move over existing redirect: Savant should be redirected to Savant syndrome as WP:PRIMARYREDIRECT. Shhhnotsoloud (talk) 19:27, 12 November 2018 (UTC)
 * Support This dominates in a Google search and even more so by long-term significance.  Crouch, Swale  ( talk ) 19:35, 12 November 2018 (UTC)
 * Support, What they said. Randy Kryn (talk) 21:30, 12 November 2018 (UTC)
 * Support clear case of primary redirect.ZXCVBNM (TALK) 08:18, 13 November 2018 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

title: Talk:Savant (disambiguation)


text:
Bard (Soviet Union)

The term bard (бард) came to be used in the Soviet Union in the early 1960s, and continues to be used in Russia today, to refer to singer-songwriters who wrote songs outside the Soviet establishment, similarly to folk singers of the American folk music revival. Because in bard music songwriters perform their own songs, the genre is also commonly referred to as author song (авторская песня, avtorskaya pesnya) or bard song (бардовская песня, bardovskaya pesnya).

Bard poetry differs from other poetry mainly in being sung with simple guitar accompaniment, as opposed to being spoken. Another difference is that it focuses less on style and more on meaning. This means that fewer stylistic devices are used, and the poetry is often in the form of a narrative. What separates bard poetry from other songs is that the music is far less important than the lyrics; chord progressions are often very simple and tend to repeat from one bard song to another. A far more obvious difference is the commerce-free nature of the genre; songs are written to be sung and not to be sold, as the bards are often working professionals in a non-musical occupation.

Stylistically, the precursors to bard songs were Russian urban romances, which touched upon common life and were popular throughout all layers of Russian society in the late 19th to early 20th centuries. These romances were traditionally written in a minor key and performed with a guitar accompaniment.

Bard poetry may be roughly classified into two main genres: tourist song and political song, although some other subgenres are also recognized, such as outlaw song and pirate song.

Initially the term "bard" was used by fans of the tourist song genre, and outside those circles, the term was often perceived as slightly derisive. However, there was a need for a term to distinguish this style of song from the traditional mainstream pop song, and the term eventually stuck.

Many bards have performed their songs for small groups of people using a Russian guitar, and rarely, if ever, would they be accompanied by other musicians or singers. Bards who became popular were eventually able to hold modest concerts. Bards were rarely permitted to record their music, given the political nature of many of their songs. As a result, bard tunes usually made their way around via the copying of amateur recordings (known as magnitizdat) made at concerts, particularly those songs that were of a political nature.

Tourist song
During the Soviet Era of Stagnation, camping, and especially its intense forms such as alpinism, kayaking/canoeing, and canyoning, became a form of escapism for young people, who felt that these activities were the only ways of life in which such values as courage, friendship, risk, trust, cooperation, and mutual support still mattered. It is these types of situations and virtues that tourist songs use for their subject.

Many of the best tourist songs were composed by Yuri Vizbor who participated and sang about all the sports described above, and Alexander Gorodnitsky who spent a great deal of time sailing around the world on ships and on scientific expeditions to the far North.

A notable subgenre of the Tourist song was the Sea song. As with other tourist songs, the goal was to sing about people in hard conditions where true physical and emotional conflicts appear. Vladimir Vysotsky had several songs of this sort, since his style suited them perfectly. Many of Alexander Gorodnitsky's songs are about the sea, since he actually had the opportunity to experience life at sea. While some songs were simply about sailors, others were about pirates. With the romanticism of songs like Brigantine by Pavel Kogan, pirate songs are still popular at author song concerts today. Almost every bard has at least one song of this type.

Tourist song was generally tolerated by the government, and it existed under the moniker author song (avtorskaya pesnya), i.e., songs sung primarily by the authors themselves, as opposed to those sung by professional singers (although professionals often "borrowed" successful author songs for their repertoires). Another name for this genre was "amateur song" (samodeyatelnaya pesnya, literally translated as "do-it-yourself song" or "self-made song"). This term reflects the cultural phenomenon of the Soviet Union called "amateur performing arts," or khudozhestvennaya samodeyatelnost. It was a widespread, often heavily subsidized, occupation of Soviet people in their spare time. Every major industrial enterprise and every kolkhoz had a Palace of Culture, or at least a House of Culture, for amateur performers to practice and perform. Many of them, as well as many universities, had Clubs of Amateur Song ("Klub samodeyatelnoy pesni, or KSP), which, in fact, were clubs of bard song and which stood quite apart from the mainstream Soviet "samodeyatelnost".

Grushinsky festival traces its origins to tourist song fan meetings, but now includes songs from all genres.

 * Compare: Tramping song, a similar tradition in the Czech Republic.

Political song
Songs of this kind expressed protest against the Soviet way of life. The genre varied from acutely political, "anti-Soviet" songs to witty satire in the best traditions of Aesop. Some of Bulat Okudzhava's songs touch on these themes.

Vladimir Vysotsky was perceived as a political songwriter, although he was also part of the mainstream culture. It was not so with Alexander Galich, who was eventually forced to emigrate; owning a tape with his songs could mean a prison term in the USSR. Before emigration, he suffered from KGB persecution, as did another bard, Yuliy Kim. Others, like Evgeny Kliachkin and Aleksander Dolsky, maintained a balance between outright "anti-Soviet" and plain romantic material.

Ironically, "songs" from pro-Communist plays by Bertolt Brecht, supposedly criticizing fascism and capitalist society (and thus applauded by the Soviets), could be seen as protest songs, and hence were popular among bards. These were often called zongs (the German pronunciation of the word "song").

Outlaw songs
These songs, known in Russian as blatnaya pesnya, originated long before the bards appeared in the Soviet Union. Their origin can be traced as far back as the first decade of the 20th century. While not differing much in style from other bard songs, these songs can be compared in their content to modern rap: glorification of crime and city romance. These songs reflected the breakup of the structure and rules of the old Russian society.

Since the 1930s, new outlaw songs had emerged from the Gulag. Many of these songs were concerned with innocent people who were sent to the labour camps, rather than with criminals. Some songs were actually composed in the camps.

During the Khrushchev Thaw years, many were released from the camps, and with them came their songs. Some bards learned of these anonymous songs and started singing them. At that point, the songs gained a more symbolic meaning of struggle against oppression. Bards such as Alexander Rosenbaum also wrote many humorous outlaw songs about the Jewish mafia in Odesa. Many of these songs were inspired by authors like Isaac Babel.

Other songs
Even more common than the tourist songs were songs about ordinary life (usually life in the USSR). Nearly every bard wrote a significant number of songs on this theme. The setting is very frequently urban, often in major cities such as Moscow (particularly the Arbat). Some songs of this type, such as the ones by Yuri Vizbor and Vladimir Vysotsky, took a very direct approach and used simple and honest language to illustrate life. Other bards, such as Bulat Okudzhava, took a more symbolic approach and expressed their views on life through extended metaphors and symbolism. Another type of song that appeared in Russia long before the bards was the War Song. Many of the most famous bards wrote numerous songs about war, particularly The Great Patriotic War (WWII). Bards had various reasons for writing and singing songs about war. Okudzhava, who actually fought in the war, used his sad and emotional style to illustrate the futility of war in songs such as "The Paper Soldier" ("Бумажный Солдат"). Vladimir Vysotsky wrote songs about war simply because they provided that extreme setting in which honour and emotional strength are needed, and a man's true character can be seen. Vysotsky's war songs were praised by veterans for their extreme success in portraying war, despite the fact that the poet did not actually serve in the military. Yuri Vizbor wrote war songs in which the people involved in the war were the most important element, rather than the war itself. In these songs, the war would often be happening in the background while the actual song would be in the style of the tourist song, with emphasis on nature and human emotions.

Many bards wrote songs about their hometowns, such as Vladimir Vysotsky about Moscow's "Big Karetny"("Большой Каретный"), Alexander Rosenbaum about Saint Petersburg's "Ligovka" ("Лиговка"), Leonid Dukhovny about Kyiv's "Podol" ("А Без Подола Киев Невозможен")

Some bards also wrote children's songs for various festivals and plays. These songs enjoyed great success, as the poets chose to write them in the same fashion as their other songs. This resulted in songs that, while directed at children, still had deep meaning behind them and were enjoyed by adults, not unlike Ivan Krylov's fables. The most famous bard performers who sang children's songs were the husband and wife duo Sergey Nikitin and Tatyana Nikitina. Sergey and Tatyana are still considered bards, even though they are known primarily for setting great works of poetry to their own music.

title: Bard (Soviet Union)


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United Nations Security Council Resolution 687

United Nations Security Council Resolution 687 was adopted on 3 April 1991. After reaffirming resolutions 660, 661, 662, 664, 665, 666, 667, 669, 670, 674, 677, 678 (all 1990) and 686 (1991), the Council set the terms, in a comprehensive resolution, with which Iraq was to comply after losing the Gulf War. Resolution 687 was passed by 12 votes to one (Cuba) against, with two abstentions from Ecuador and Yemen, after a very extended meeting. Iraq accepted the provisions of the resolution on 6 April 1991.

Details
Resolution 687, divided into nine sections, firstly urged Iraq and Kuwait to respect the boundary between the two countries, calling on the Secretary-General Javier Pérez de Cuéllar to assist in demarcating the border. It requested the Secretary-General to submit, within one month, a plan for the deployment of the United Nations Iraq–Kuwait Observation Mission along the demilitarized zone which was established to be 10 km into Iraq and 5 km into Kuwait.

Weapons of Mass Destruction
The Council reminded Iraq of its obligations under the Geneva Protocol and to unconditionally remove and destroy all chemical and biological weapons and ballistic missiles with a range greater than 150 km. As part of this demand, the Council requested Iraq submit, within 15 days, a report declaring all locations of all the aforementioned weapons and agree to urgent, on-site inspections. It then established the United Nations Special Commission relating to inspections and set provisions for it, and asked Iraq to abide by its obligations under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, agreeing not to develop nuclear weapons and submitting a report to the Secretary-General and International Atomic Energy Agency within 15 days. The resolution noted that these actions "represent steps towards the goal of establishing in the Middle East a zone free from weapons of mass destruction and all missiles for their delivery and the objective of a global ban on chemical weapons".

After discussing the facilitation of repatriations of prisoners of war and co-operation with the International Committee of the Red Cross, the Council required Iraq to inform the Council that it did not commit to or support terrorism and would not allow such acts to take place in its territory.

Iraq liability for Kuwaiti losses
Resolution 687 then referred to repatriations and compensation, stating Iraq is liable for any loss, damage, and injury inflicted upon Kuwait, further demanding that Iraq hand over any remaining property seized from Kuwait. It also declared null and void any statements by Iraq regarding its refusal to repay its foreign debt, and decided to create a fund for these compensation claims (the United Nations Compensation Commission, officially established in Resolution 692).

Review of sanctions against Iraq
Regarding sanctions, the Council reiterated international sanctions against Iraq do not apply to foodstuffs or medical aid to the civilian populations of Iraq and Kuwait, as well as removing sanctions placed on Iraq in Resolution 661 (1990) and decided to review these restrictions every 60 days. However, sales of weapons and other related material to Iraq will continue to be prohibited.

Effects
Upon Iraq's acceptance of all paragraphs of the resolution, a formal ceasefire began between Iraq and Kuwait and Member States co-operating with Kuwait.

Use of resolution for American attacks
The most important part of the resolution was the concluding paragraph 34, which required that "[the Security Council]...[d]ecides...to take such further steps as may be required for the implementation of the present resolution and to secure peace and security in the area." This statement was widely interpreted as "obey or we will force you to by all means necessary." This text was used by the United States as a justification for the 1996 bombing of Iraq, 1998 bombing of Iraq, and the 2003 invasion of Iraq, on the basis that Iraq refused to comply with various United Nations resolutions, in order to maintain peace and security in the Persian Gulf region.


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Fener

Fener (Greek: Φανάρι, Phanári; in English also: Phanar) is a quarter midway up the Golden Horn in the district of Fatih in Istanbul, Turkey. The Turkish name is derived from the Greek word "phanarion" (Medieval Greek: Φανάριον), meaning lantern, streetlight or lamppost; the neighborhood was so called because of a column topped with a lantern which stood here in the Byzantine period and was used as a street light or lighthouse.

Fener was a traditionally Greek neighbourhood during the Ottoman era and its streets still contain many old stone houses and churches dating from Byzantine and Ottoman times. The grand mansions between the main road and the shore of the Golden Horn were often used to store wood imported from the Black Sea (Pontos) area; one now houses Istanbul's Women's Library. Their picturesque façades were damaged as a result of street-widening work from the 1930s onwards.

Fener is sandwiched between Cibali and Balat on the southern shore of the Golden Horn. The steep hills behind it run up to the Fatih neighbourhood.

Fener is served by the T5 tram line which links it with Cibali and the small bus terminal (for buses to Anatolia) at Alibeyköy. The Golden Horn ferry also stops at Fener, linking it to Üsküdar, Karaköy, Kasımpaşa, Balat, Ayvansaray, Hasköy, Sütlüce and Eyüp.

History
After the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, Fener became home to many of the Greeks living in the city. The Patriarchate of Constantinople also moved here and remains here today. As a result, the term "Phanar" is sometimes used as a shorthand reference to the Ecumenical Patriarchate, just as "Vatican" is used for the Holy See of the Roman Catholic Church.

During the Ottoman period, the Greek inhabitants of Fener were called Phanariotes and often served the Sultan in important roles. Wealthy Phanariotes often served as dragomans (translators) or became the governors of provinces in the Balkans and Greece. Several served as hospodars of Wallachia and Moldavia between 1711 and 1821.

Attractions
Fener's most notable attraction is the walled compound that encloses the Patriarchal Church of St. George, home to the patriarch who is still head of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople, one of fifteen to seventeen independent jurisdictions of the Eastern Orthodox Church. The current holder of the office is Patriarch Batholomew I. The patriarchate moved here in 1602 but a fire in 1720 destroyed the original basilican church on the site. Another fire in 1941 did further damage to the older buildings in the compound; aside from the church itself and the brick-and-stone library at the end of the garden most of what a visitor sees today is fairly new. The Middle Gate (Orta Kapı) leading into the compound has been sealed since the then Patriarch was hanged there in 1821 when Greece rebelled against Ottoman suzerainty. Crowds, including visitors from Athens, flock here for the celebration of Greek Orthodox Easter.

The Church of St Mary of the Mongols (Panagia Muhliotissa, Theotokos Panagiotussa), inland and uphill from the Patriarchate, is interesting as the one church in Constantinople that was never turned into a mosque, even after the Conquest of Istanbul in 1453. The architect Atik Sinan (not to be confused with the better known Mimar Sinan) is said to have persuaded Sultan Mehmet II to allow it to continue providing services for the Greek population and a copy of the ferman (edict) decreeing this still hangs on the church wall.

Near the Church of St Mary of the Mongols is the huge red-brick Phanar Greek Orthodox College. The historian Dimitri Cantemir was a student here in the 17th century. Today it has only a tiny number of pupils. A second Greek school in Fener, the Maraşlı Greek Orthodox Primary School, is also an imposing building but no longer has any pupils.

Battered remnants of the Sea Walls that used to close Constantinople off from the Golden Horn still skirt Fener. The Ayakapı gate through the walls is believed to have been designed by Mimar Sinan in 1562.

The back streets of Fener are full of two and three-storied terraced houses often with cumbas (bay windows) as well as a handful of much grander houses. Many have been converted to house cafes, restaurants and tourist accommodation.

Blessing of the Waters
As elsewhere in the Orthodox world, every 6 January - the Feast of the Epiphany - a ceremony called the Blessing of the Waters take place in which a priest tosses a cross into water and swimmers race to see who can bring it back to shore first. In Istanbul this ceremony is performed by the Patriarch who tosses a cross into the Golden Horn to be retrieved by the swimmers.

title: Fener


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Bluff, New Zealand

Bluff (Motupōhue), previously known as Campbelltown and often referred to as "The Bluff", is a town and seaport in the Southland region, on the southern coast of the South Island of New Zealand. It is the southernmost town in mainland New Zealand and, despite Slope Point and Stewart Island being further south, Bluff is colloquially used to refer to the southern extremity of the country (particularly in the phrase "from Cape Reinga to The Bluff"). According to the 2018 census, the resident population was 1,797, a decrease of 6 since 2013.

The Bluff area was one of the earliest areas of New Zealand where a European presence became established. The first ship known to have entered the harbour was the Perseverance in 1813, in search of flax trading possibilities, with the first European settlers arriving in 1823 or 1824.

This is the foundation for the claim that Bluff is the oldest permanent European settlement in the country. However, the missionary settlement at Kerikeri was both earlier and larger. The town was officially called Campbelltown in 1856, became a borough in 1878, and was renamed Bluff in 1917.

Geography
Bluff is 30 km by road from Invercargill, and the southern terminus of the Bluff Branch, the continuation from Invercargill of the Main South Line. This was one of New Zealand's earliest railways, opening on 5 February 1867.

Bluff is at the end of a peninsula that forms the western side of Bluff Harbour and Awarua Bay, with the port located in the relatively narrow entrance channel. It is on State Highway 1, which terminates one kilometre to the south of the town at Stirling Point. At Stirling Point, there is "the town's biggest tourist attraction", a signpost showing the distance and direction to various major cities and locations around the world, including the Equator and the South Pole. The signpost was corrected in late 2018, after a Scottish tourist pointed out in 2017 that there were some errors.

Bluff is dominated by Bluff Hill / Motupōhue (standing at 265 m), which provides some shelter from the prevailing westerly winds. There is a path along the shore through native bush up to this point. The town is named for this bluff, which was known to early whalers as Old Man's Bluff or Old Man Bluff. East across the entry channel from Bluff is Tiwai Point, home to New Zealand's only aluminium smelter and its wharf. Alumina is shipped from Australia and electricity is supplied by the Manapouri Power Station in Fiordland National Park.

A chain sculpture on the coast near Bluff symbolises the Māori belief that Stewart Island is anchored to South Island; a similar sculpture in Rakiura National Park represents the other end of the chain.

Demographics
Bluff covers 10.14 km2 and had an estimated population of as of  with a population density of  people per km2.

Bluff had a population of 1,797 at the 2018 New Zealand census, a decrease of 6 people (−0.3%) since the 2013 census, and unchanged since the 2006 census. There were 780 households, comprising 918 males and 879 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.04 males per female. The median age was 47.3 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 330 people (18.4%) aged under 15 years, 228 (12.7%) aged 15 to 29, 858 (47.7%) aged 30 to 64, and 381 (21.2%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 77.6% European/Pākehā, 46.4% Māori, 6.2% Pasifika, 1.3% Asian, and 1.5% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 6.0, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 54.9% had no religion, 32.7% were Christian, 1.0% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.2% were Hindu, 0.2% were Muslim, 0.5% were Buddhist and 1.0% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 102 (7.0%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 528 (36.0%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $30,500, compared with $31,800 nationally. 189 people (12.9%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 726 (49.5%) people were employed full-time, 228 (15.5%) were part-time, and 45 (3.1%) were unemployed.

Economy
South Port is the port operating company of the Port of Bluff, and is owned to 66.5% by the Southland Regional Council. A small port in comparison with New Zealand giants like Ports of Auckland or Port of Tauranga, it moves around 2.2 million tonnes of cargo each year, mostly New Zealand coastal reshipment. The Tiwai Point aluminium smelter and fossil fuel exploration activity in the Great South Basin may ensure the future relevance of the port. A recent (2008) weekly container ship service also lifted the volumes.

In July 2020, Rio Tinto announced closure of the aluminium smelter in August 2021, after which discussions were initiated on how to utilise the energy generated in Manapouri.

Bluff Harbour is the terminus for the twice-daily catamaran ferry to Stewart Island / Rakiura, 60 km south across Foveaux Strait. It is the main gateway for New Zealand ships heading down to the Antarctic. The harbour is home to the Foveaux Strait oyster fleet. Bluff oysters are renowned for their succulence and flavour, and are considered a delicacy nationwide, with Bluff holding an annual oyster festival. The oyster quota was severely reduced during the 1990s due to the effects of the toxic protozoan parasite Bonamia exitiosa upon the oyster beds.

The Bluff Branch (formerly the Invercargill-Bluff Railway)) was the first railway line in Otago and Southland.

Culture
Te Rau Aroha marae is located at Bluff. It is a marae (meeting ground) for the Awarua Rūnanga branch of Ngāi Tahu, and includes the Tahu Potiki wharenui.

Attractions
The town previously included the Paua House, created by Fred and Myrtle Flutey. This was an ordinary bungalow transformed by having the outside walls totally covered in pāua shells. The interior was also extensively decorated with paua and there is an extensive collection of (often kitsch) paua-decorated ornaments, utensils and trinkets.

The house became a museum after the death of the owners, but was sold and in March 2007 the exhibits removed to Christchurch. It has been on permanent display at the Canterbury Museum since July 2008.

The Bluff Maritime Museum contains an extensive collection of models, boats, artefacts, displays, a working triple expansion engine and a full sized oystering boat, the Monica.

Education
Bluff School is a state full primary school serving years 1 to 8 with a roll of students as of  The school opened in 1867.

St Teresa's School is a state-integrated Catholic school serving years 1 to 8 with a roll of students. It has been operating since at least 1901.

Notable people

 * Hannah Ward Barron (1829–1898), successful businesswoman and hotel proprietor
 * Thomas Francis Doyle (1893–1968), member of the New Zealand Legislative Council
 * Sir Joseph George Ward (1856–1930), Mayor of Campbelltown, Chair Bluff Harbour Board, founder J.G.Ward and Co, MP for Awarua 1887–1919 and for Invercargill 1925–1930, Prime Minister of New Zealand 1906–1912 and 1928–30.
 * Dorothy May De Lany (1908–1970), first woman president of a trade union in New Zealand
 * Vincent Ward (politician) (1886–1946), New Zealand businessman and politician

title: Bluff, New Zealand


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John Taylor (Master of the Rolls)

John Taylor (c. 1480 – 1534) was Master of the Rolls of the Court of Chancery from 1527 to 1534, following a successful career as a priest and civil servant.

Taylor would have been notable just for the circumstances of his birth: he was the firstborn of healthy triplets who all survived to adulthood, which was virtually unheard of in the 15th century. He was awarded doctor of decrees and of the sacred canons beyond sea at the University of Cambridge in 1520; and incorporated at Oxford in 1552.

King Henry VII met John and his brothers Rowland and Nathaniel in their childhood and undertook responsibility to educate the three boys if they came to manhood; this informal act and others like it later inspired Queen Victoria's Royal Bounty for Triplets, which continued until the reign of Elizabeth II. There is note in the Royal Privy Purse expenses of 1498 "for the wages of the King’s Scoler John Taillor at Oxenford."

During his lifetime, Taylor donated money towards the building of St. James Church in Barton-under-Needwood, Staffordshire, the village where he grew up. Construction began in 1517 and was completed in 1533. The John Taylor High School, a specialty science school founded in Barton-under-Needwood in 1957, was named in his honor.

Career
In 1503, Taylor was ordained Rector at Bishop's Hatfield, and then became Rector of Sutton Coldfield in 1504. He served as one of the Royal Chaplains at Henry VII's funeral, 21 April 1509, and was afterwards appointed by King Henry VIII as the King's Clerk and Chaplain—he was later one of the commissioners to decide if Henry VIII's marriage to Catherine of Aragon was valid. In 1511, he was made Clerk of the Parliament.

Taylor was appointed as Archdeacon of Derby in 1515, then as Royal Ambassador to Burgundy and France and Prolocutor of Convocation. In 1516, he was appointed Archdeacon of Buckingham, and was conferred the degrees of Doctor of Civil Law and Doctor of Canon Law at Cambridge in 1520. He was one of ten chaplains present at the Field of the Cloth of Gold in 1520. In 1528 he became Archdeacon of Halifax.

From 1527 to 1534 he was Master of the Rolls of the Court of Chancery. This position was the third most senior judicial position in England (after Lord Chancellor and Lord Chief Justice).

Death and burial
According to John Stow's Survey of London (1598), he was buried in St. Anthony's Hospital, St Benet Fink, in the City of London.

title: John Taylor (Master of the Rolls)


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Linda Hunt

Linda Hunt, born Lydia Susanna Hunt (April 2, 1945) is an American actress of stage and screen. She made her film debut playing Mrs. Oxheart in Popeye (1980). Her portrayal of the male character Billy Kwan in The Year of Living Dangerously (1982) won her the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress, making her the first person to win an Oscar for portraying a character of the opposite sex. Hunt has also appeared in films such as Dune (1984), Silverado (1985), Kindergarten Cop (1990), Pocahontas (1995), Pocahontas II: Journey to a New World (1998), and Stranger Than Fiction (2006).

Hunt has had a successful career on television and in voice-over work, notably being the narrator for the Ancient Greek mythology themed God of War video game series. From 1997 to 2002, she played the recurring role of Judge Zoey Hiller on The Practice and played Commander Chennault on the sci-fi series Space Rangers. From 2009 to 2023, she portrayed Henrietta "Hetty" Lange on the CBS television series NCIS: Los Angeles, a role for which she has received two Teen Choice Awards.

Early life
Hunt was born on April 2, 1945, in Morristown, New Jersey. Her father, Raymond Davy Hunt (1902–1985), was vice president of Harper Fuel Oil. Her mother, Elsie Doying Hunt (1903 – c. 1994), was a piano teacher who taught at the Westport School of Music, and performed with the Saugatuck Congregational Church Choir in Westport, Connecticut, the town where Hunt would be raised. She has one sibling, an older sister named Marcia (born 1940). Hunt attended the Interlochen Arts Academy and graduated from the Goodman School of Drama at the Art Institute of Chicago (now at DePaul University).

Theatre
Hunt was a well-known live-stage actress before she entered film and television. She made her Broadway debut in the 1975 revival of Ah, Wilderness. She was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for her work in the 1984 play End of the World. She also received two ensemble Obie Awards for her work Off-Broadway in Top Girls and A Metamorphosis in Miniature.

Hunt created the role of Aunt Dan in Wallace Shawn's play Aunt Dan and Lemon. She was a member of the Long Wharf Theatre Company in Connecticut, where she performed the Player Queen in a production of Hamlet, amongst other roles. She portrayed Sister Aloysius in the Pasadena Playhouse production of John Patrick Shanley's play Doubt. Hunt was praised for her performance as the title character in Bertolt Brecht's Mother Courage and Her Children. She also appeared as Pope Joan in Caryl Churchill's Top Girls when London's Royal Court Theatre's production was staged at the Public Theater in New York.

In an interview with writer Craig Gholson and actor Vincent Caristi, Hunt said: "Acting onstage is like an explosion each night. And what comes in at you all the time as you are trying to . . . create something which is a tremendous act of organization and concentration."

Film
Known for her small stature, Hunt made her film debut in 1980 in Robert Altman's musical comedy Popeye.

Two years later, Hunt co-starred as Billy Kwan in The Year of Living Dangerously, Peter Weir's film adaptation of the novel of the same name. For her work in this film, Hunt won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress in 1983, becoming the first person to win an Oscar for playing a character of the opposite sex. In her screen test, Hunt wore a hairpiece, a fake moustache, and "paste-on pieces above her eyes to [appear] Asian." To play the role, Hunt had her hair dyed and cut short, had her eyebrows shaved, wore padding and makeup, and wore something in her shirt pocket. In her 1986 interview with the Bomb magazine, Hunt remarked that Billy Kwan "is supra-personal [with] layers of sexual ambiguity[.]"

Hunt also played the Shadout Mapes in Dune (1984 film), a nurse in She-Devil (1989), the austere school principal Miss Schlowski opposite Arnold Schwarzenegger in Kindergarten Cop (1990), and assassin Ilsa Grunt in If Looks Could Kill (1991).

Television
Hunt's television appearances include recurring roles as Judge Zoey Hiller on David E. Kelley's series The Practice and as Dr. Claire Bryson on Without a Trace. She has narrated several installments of The American Experience on PBS.

From 2009 to 2023, Hunt co-starred as Operations Manager Henrietta "Hetty" Lange on the CBS television series NCIS: Los Angeles. Her co-stars on the series included Chris O'Donnell, LL Cool J, Daniela Ruah, Eric Christian Olsen, Miguel Ferrer and Barrett Foa. Hunt was a main cast member on the series for twelve seasons, but was downgraded to a special guest star position in season thirteen as a safety precaution due to the COVID-19 pandemic. She was suppose to return in the series finale, but was unable to due to availability issues. As a result, her return was condensed to a voiceover. Hunt won two Teen Choice Awards for her work on NCIS: Los Angeles.

Voice work
Hunt is known for her husky voice. She has narrated numerous documentaries, cartoons, and commercials. She is the on-air host for City Arts & Lectures, a radio program recorded by KQED public radio at the Nourse Theater in San Francisco. Hunt voiced the role of Grandmother Willow in the animated musical film Pocahontas (1995) and its direct-to-video sequel Pocahontas II: Journey to a New World (1998).

Hunt narrated the National Geographic documentary The Great Indian Railway (1995). In 1998, she narrated the Discovery Channel documentary "Titanic: Untold Stories." Hunt's voice work also includes the character of Management in Carnivàle (2003, 2005) and the narrator for God of War video game series. She narrated a PBS Nature special entitled Christmas in Yellowstone (2006).

Personal life
Hunt has been in a relationship with psychotherapist Karen Kline since 1978. The two were married in 2008.

As a teenager, Hunt was diagnosed as having hypopituitary dwarfism. Hunt stands 4 ft tall.

Hunt is an ambassador for the Best Friends Animal Society.

In July 2018, People magazine reported that she was involved in a multicar accident in Los Angeles. The accident resulted in Hunt taking most of a year off from NCIS: Los Angeles.

Video games

 * Disney's Animated Storybook: Pocahontas as Grandmother Willow
 * God of War as Narrator
 * God of War II as Gaia/Narrator
 * God of War: Chains of Olympus as Narrator
 * God of War: Ghost of Sparta as Narrator
 * God of War: Ascension as Narrator

title: Linda Hunt


text:
Talk:Drone

Comments
Shouldn't each type of drone have its own page, and Drone itself be a disambiguation page? Matt gies 02:06, 28 Feb 2004 (UTC)
 * Why not? If you can, go ahead.Pollinator 04:32, 28 Feb 2004 (UTC)

move to own article- videogame
The rambling about the animae videogame drone are distracting. I think it needs to be shortened or put into its own article. And what is the significance? A person would almost never look up the word drone and want to hear about the videogame reference. I don't like it when wikipedia articles have a bunch of info from insignificant fantasy literature, animae, videogames, or manga stuff.- my username is williamsharkey

 * I looked up drone specifically to see what fictional characters may turn up in the results.--Mirjay 21:10, 6 July 2006 (UTC)

— Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.47.13.212 (talk) 20:44, 13 October 2012 (UTC)
 * "DRONE"@http://www.netflix.com/watch/80075663?trackId=13462260&tctx=0,0,fb8b56af-e3cc-4b66-8277-252f95b0236b-50002193 WATCH THIS TO FIND OUT WHY THE inclusion of VIDEO GAMES "animae videogame drone" ARE VERY IMPORTANT to the subject of this article, and other articles about tech today.  IT is so very important, today, and in the future that those reading this article(s) know that these " GAMES " may { likely ARE } training video " game(s) " that have REAL PEOPLE on both sides of the " DRONE " SCREEN.  THESE  " DRONE(s) " are in reality REMOTE PIOLETED CRAFT not independent killing / observational platforms.  For good or bad these young men, and those leading them need to KNOW.  ALSO if you would like less " ... rambling about the animae videogame drone are distracting... " distracting everyone, please edit a preview and propose it as a solution, we would all like to save time, NOT WASTE IT READING USELESS INFO. IMHO,  NO SPLIT. may be disambiguation option w/o or with " ... rambling ".JSo9-10 (talk) 00:49, 30 January 2016 (UTC)

Spark (Transformers) entry
I just removed this link because its inclusion didn't make any sense to me, but on further review of the edit history I see why it was included, and that an intermediate editor had mischaracterized the link while cleaning up the entry. ("Spark" is apparently the life force that makes the giant robots alive, so without it, they would be drones of a sort.) However, the linked article still doesn't use the word "drone" or include, from what I saw, any information on such Transformers who lack the "spark", so I still don't think it should be included here. Propaniac (talk) 14:00, 14 January 2008 (UTC)

linnzie and drones
linnzie is the awesomest thing in history so bow down to her and drones in star wars are awesome —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.236.207.238 (talk) 23:30, 16 November 2009 (UTC)

drone is coming to mean quadcopter
Anyone else noticing that the word "drone" in popular culture is rapidly coming to mean Quadcopter?

Is it a misuse of the word? I tend to think a "drone" should be robot-like. Perhaps autonomous. The evil levitating robot in the opening scene of The Empire Strikes Back is a quintessential "drone" for me. A General Atomics MQ-9 Reaper is a drone too. A Quadcopter might be a drone, if it's controlled autonomously, but when I see a toy quadcopter being flow by somebody looking at it. ...are these really drones? Also "drone racing". Obviously that rolls off the tongue a lot easier the "quadcopter racing" but not sure they're really drones. Quadcopters make a "droning" sound which maybe contributes to a popular less-techy mislabelling.

In any case the horse has bolted. These days everyone is referring to quadcopters as drones regardless of whether they're autonomous, and also using drone to mean quadcopter. Heard the word used this way in the news several times. Maybe this page should link Quadcopter more explicitly.

-- Harry Wood (talk) 11:24, 2 November 2016 (UTC)

Well even UCAV's these days are called drones... I think due to popularity, it may remain there but add some description--Shadychiri (talk) 13:54, 27 December 2016 (UTC)

There are also "underwater drones" (autonomous or not) that don't fly at all. The meaning of the word is definitely in flux, it may take a few years before it stabilizes. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Tapanit (talk • contribs) 18:31, 20 January 2018 (UTC)

Video Drone
The old version drone can only fly, but the new version you can remote your UAV Drone with video camera to create a beautiful video as you want — Preceding unsigned comment added by Bspneak (talk • contribs) 02:14, 3 March 2017 (UTC)

Drone (sound)
A drone (sound) is a form of Noise Pollution - a constant noise of negligible information content, not usually varying much in frequency or loudness - the continuous background sound made by bagpipes, the drone of bees in a wildflower meadow, the drone of distant land or air traffic or of other machinery, the drone of political speeches (especially in legislatures). 94.30.84.71 (talk) 12:31, 23 December 2018 (UTC)

Drone redirects
FYI, drone redirects are being discussed at Redirects for discussion/Log/2024 June 24 -- 64.229.90.32 (talk) 14:48, 28 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Drone


text:
Abaiang

Abaiang, also known as Apaiang, Apia, and in the past, Charlotte Island, in the Northern Gilbert Islands, is a coral atoll of Kiribati, located in the west-central Pacific Ocean. Abaiang was the island of the first missionary to arrive in the Gilberts, Hiram Bingham II. Abaiang has a population of 5,872 (2020 census).

Geography
Abaiang Atoll is in the northern Gilberts, located not very far to the north of Tarawa. Abaiang is the fourth most northerly in the Gilberts chain of atolls, with a total land area of 4102.8 acre. The atoll has a lagoon 16 by that provides sheltered anchorage.

The main island of Abaiang, Teiro (not to be confused with the small islet of Teirio) has a total land area of 3552.6 acre extends from the northern village of Takarano to the southern village of Tabontebike. It occupies the complete eastern rim and also encircles the southern part of the atoll, stretching over a distance of some 23 mile Its width ranges from no more than 90 m to more than 1000 m, averaging 390 m. It contains 16 of the 18 villages of the atoll. Two other islets, Riboono 219.3 acre and Nuotaea 330.9 acre are also inhabited. The remaining islets of Abaiang but Taete, with a land area of 215.5 acre are mainly uninhabited, with lack of water and remoteness from the mainland being the main issues. They however are used for fishing, copra cutting and campsites. The islets of Ouba and Teirio have had small motels built on them, with staff travelling from the mainland of Abaiang and from Tarawa when guests are expected.

In the southwest of Abaiang there is a channel, the Bingham Channel, which is the basic conjunction between the lagoon and the Pacific. The channel is between the biggest island of Abaiang (in the east) and a very little island in the southwest of Abaiang called Teirio.

Effects of climate change
Global warming has created a problem for Abaiang and Kiribati, among other island groups. Houses in Tebunginako village have been abandoned. As storm surges becoming more frequent and spring tides more forceful, eventually the erosion was so great that the village had to be abandoned. The remains of about 100 thatched homes and a maneabe (community meeting hall) are now up to 30 m offshore. The villagers relocated themselves further inland, with the new village retaining the same name.

Villages
In the 2010 Census the total population of 5,502 was spread among 18 villages, with the largest villages being Nuotaea (559 inhabitants) and Tuarabu (560 inhabitants).

Economy
Relative to other islands of Kiribati, Abaiang has some important economic advantages. Its large lagoon supports a striking diversity of coral and fish species, providing plentiful seafood to the local population and attracting tourists to the island from nearby South Tarawa. While the island is prone to drought, in normal years the rainfall is sufficient to support breadfruit, banana and papaya as well as the ubiquitous coconut. The closeness of Abaiang to Tarawa also facilitates a significant, though largely informal, trade in local food of all types.

However like all outer islands of Kiribati, Abaiang is basically a subsistence economy, with a small number of jobs, mainly working for the Government or Island Council. Other sources of income are copra production, and remittances from relatives working in South Tarawa, as crew on international vessels, or overseas.

Climate change has forced a change, as milkfish are not as common and plant life is dying off to the increased salt in the water table.

Regional support for organic farming
The island of Abaiang has committed to having 100% of its farm agriculture produced organically. Another Pacific island to have made this commitment is Cicia in Fiji.

Schools
There are ten primary schools on Abaiang, with a combined roll of 985 students in 2011.

At the secondary school level, in 2011 there were 212 students at the Ministry of Education school, Ueen Abaiang, which is located between the villages of Koinawa and Aonobuaka. A further 135 students are enrolled at St Joseph's College in Tabwiroa and 23 students at Steven Whitmee High School in Morikao, making 370 secondary school students in total. The two high schools at Morikao and Tabuiroa accommodate students from all over Kiribati who have passed the entrance examinations to get into the schools.

History

By tradition, the first inhabitants of Abaiang Island were known to be spirits, some of them created in Samoa and some in Abaiang. Years passed by and then Pacific Islanders came along followed then by the arrival of Thomas Gilbert, then Reverend Dr. Bingham and his team in 1857, international traders, beachcombers, whalers and even blackbirders. Colonizers then came along and hoisted the Union Jack on the island.

The first European to document the island was Thomas Gilbert in 1788. He named the island Matthew's Island, named for the owner of his ship, the Charlotte. Subsequently, errors changed the name to Charlotte Island. Then the first missionary to live in Kiribati arrived at Abaiang on 16 November 1857. He was Hiram Bingham II of the American Board, a Boston-based missionary group. This Hiram Bingham was the son of Hiram Bingham I who was one of the first and most influential missionaries to Hawaii. Hiram Bingham II and his wife were accompanied to Abaiang by Hawaiian pastor Joel Hulu Mahoe and his wife. Bingham landed at the village of Koinawa and a memorial was erected at the spot during the centennial celebrations in 1957.

During World War II, the Imperial Japanese Army occupied the island from December 1941 to November 1943. It was captured by the U.S. military and used as an offensive staging base.

Main sights
Abaiang Post Office opened around 1910.

The Catholic community also has strong ties to Abaiang and completed the building of the imposing Church of Our Lady of the Rosary, also at Koinawa village, in October 1907. This work was done under the supervision of a priest from Belgium who was given the local name of Father Ioane. He lived and worked so long on Abaiang and became so well loved that the village of Borotiam was named in honour of his home country Belgium (Borotiam being the local vernacular for Belgium). This church celebrated its centennial in 2007 with a fresh paint job and a celebration whose special guest was the current President.

The foremost institution of Abaiang is St. Josephs College. The Principal during the country's silver jubilee celebrations was Paul Chilton, a British migrant. St. Joseph's College was founded in 1939. In the past 65 years it has gone from strength to strength and is now a leading centre for learning in Kiribati. Its alumni include both current President His Excellency Anote Tong, and previous incumbent Teburoro Tito.

Transport
The atoll is served by Abaiang Atoll Airport, situated between the villages of Tabwiroa and Tuarabu. Air Kiribati operates three flights a week that connect Abaiang with Marakei and the international airport at South Tarawa.

There are also regular speedboats and boat charters available from South Tarawa to Abaiang.

Distances

 * To Marakei atoll: 40 km (over sea)
 * To Tarawa atoll: 11 km (over sea)
 * To South Tarawa (national capital, on Tarawa): 43 km (over sea)

Accommodation
There are three guesthouses on Abaiang. The Island Council guest house is situated in Taburao village and welcomes tourists as well as providing accommodation for Government workers and other travellers. "Ouba Islet Resort" is an eco-tourism resort on Ouba island in the north-western perimeter of the atoll, which has been operating since July, 2006. "Teiria Islet Beach Escape" is a small resort on the islet of Teiria.

In popular culture
Abaiang inspired the Italian comic book creator Hugo Pratt to imagine the fictional island of Escondida. It appears in his comic book story of Corto Maltese: The Ballad of the Salty Sea.

title: Abaiang


text:
Home on the Range (2004 film)

Home on the Range is a 2004 American animated Western musical comedy-adventure film produced by Walt Disney Feature Animation and released by Walt Disney Pictures. It was the last Disney traditionally animated film released until The Princess and the Frog in 2009 and Winnie the Pooh in 2011. The film was written and directed by Will Finn and John Sanford (in their feature directorial debuts) and produced by Alice Dewey Goldstone, from based on a story conceived by Finn, Sanford, Mark Kennedy, Michael LaBash, Sam Levine, and Robert Lence. Featuring six original songs were written by composer Alan Menken and lyricist Glenn Slater, and an original musical orchestral score also composed by Menken.

Named after the popular cowboy song of the same name, the film stars the voices of Roseanne Barr, Judi Dench, Jennifer Tilly, Cuba Gooding Jr., Randy Quaid, and Steve Buscemi. Home on the Range is set in the Old West, and centers on a mismatched trio of dairy cows—brash, adventurous Maggie; prim, proper Mrs. Calloway; and ditzy, happy-go-lucky Grace. The three cows must capture an infamous rustler named Alameda Slim for his bounty in order to save their idyllic farm from foreclosure. Aiding them in their quest is Lucky Jack, a feisty, peg-legged rabbit, and a selfish horse named Buck, eagerly working in the service of Rico, a famous bounty hunter, who seeks the glory for himself.

Home on the Range premiered at the El Capitan Theatre in Los Angeles on March 21, 2004, and was released in the United States on April 2. It received mixed reviews from critics and was a financial failure, grossing $145.3 million worldwide against a production budget of $110 million.

Plot
Amidst the Old West, wanted cattle rustler Alameda Slim steals most of Dixon Ranch's cattle. The ranch owner, Mr. Dixon, sells the remaining cow, Maggie, to Pearl, a kind, aging woman who runs a small farm called Patch of Heaven. Sam, the local Sheriff, arrives to tell Pearl that unless she pays back the bank in three days, her farm will be sold to the highest bidder. Hearing this, Maggie convinces farm cows Grace and Mrs. Calloway to go to town with her to win prize money at a fair. While the cows are in town, a bounty hunter named Rico drops off a criminal, collects their reward, and looks for a replacement horse while his rests. Idolizing him, Sam's horse, Buck, convinces Rico to take him. Upon seeing this and learning the reward for capturing Slim will cover Pearl's debt, Maggie convinces the other cows to help her collect the reward to save Patch of Heaven.

That night, they hide among a large herd of steers as they are smitten by two longhorns Barry and Bob. Slim arrives on the back of his bison Junior with his nephews the Willies. Before Maggie can attack him, Slim starts yodeling, which puts all of the cattle except the tone-deaf Grace into a hypnotic trance, allowing Slim to lead them away. Grace brings Maggie and Mrs. Calloway back to their senses, before Slim uses a landslide to cover his escape. Narrowly missing him, Rico and his men discuss their next move, while Buck argues with the cows, leading Rico to believe he is unreliable and return him to Sam. However, Buck escapes, determined to capture Slim for himself to prove his worth.

The cows continue their search in the hopes of capturing Slim before Buck, until they lose the trail during a flash flood and have a falling out, with Mrs. Calloway believing Maggie only wants revenge and Patch of Heaven would be better off without her. Along the way, the cows are joined by a peg-legged jackrabbit named Lucky Jack, who also lost his home, an old mine, to Slim. The cows decide to follow him, with Mrs. Calloway and Maggie making a deal that after the farm is saved, they will go their separate ways. With Lucky Jack’s help, the cows discover Slim converted the mine into his hideout and stole cattle from his former patrons to render them unable to support their land. When the subsequent auctions occur, he then disguises himself as respectable businessman "Yancy O'Dell" to buy their land using the money he makes from selling off the stolen cattle.

The cows and Jack capture Slim, and rush back to Patch of Heaven, with the Willies and Rico in pursuit. Learning Rico works for Slim, a devastated Buck helps the cows fight him, setting the stolen cattle free in the process. Slim escapes and dons his disguise to buy Patch of Heaven, but the cows return and join forces with Buck, Jack, and the rest of Patch of Heaven's farm animals to defeat and expose him. As Sam arrests Slim, Pearl uses the reward money to save her farm.

At first, Mrs. Calloway (who had come to like Maggie) and Grace are sad that Maggie had seemingly left, but their spirits are lifted when they see that Maggie decided to stay. The three cows, along with Barry, Bob, and Junior, celebrate with a square dance.

Cast

 * Roseanne Barr as Maggie, a former show cow and the newest animal on Little Patch of Heaven farm. Chris Buck served as the supervising animator for Maggie.
 * Judi Dench as Mrs. Calloway, a Holstein cow and the leader of the animals on the farm, and the only cow with a British accent. Duncan Marjoribanks served as the supervising animator for Mrs. Calloway.
 * Jennifer Tilly as Grace, an optimistic and innocent-minded cow. Mark Henn served as the supervising animator for Grace.
 * Cuba Gooding Jr. as Buck, a Thoroughbred horse and Rico's biggest fan that dreams of being a hero. Michael Surrey served as the supervising animator for Buck.
 * Randy Quaid as Alameda Slim, a cattle rustler wanted by law. Dale Baer served as the supervising animator for Slim.
 * Charles Dennis as Rico, a famous bounty hunter and Buck's idol who secretly uses his job effectively to cover up Slim's trail. Russ Edmonds served as the supervising animator for Rico.
 * Charles Haid as Lucky Jack, a clumsy jackrabbit with a wooden leg that he says brings good luck. Shawn Keller served as the lead animator for Lucky Jack.
 * Carole Cook as Pearl Gesner, a farmer who is the owner of Patch of Heaven. Bruce W. Smith served as the supervising animator for Pearl.
 * Joe Flaherty as Jeb, a goat living in Patch of Heaven who collects a bunch of cans that he is protective of. Sandro Cleuzo served as the supervising animator of Jeb.
 * Steve Buscemi as Wesley, a black market businessman and former clown college student who negotiates with Slim. Mark Henn served as the supervising animator for Wesley.
 * Sam J. Levine as the Willie Brothers, Slim's three dimwitted nephews and henchmen. Russ Edmonds served as the supervising animator for the Willies.
 * Richard Riehle as Sam Brown, the town's sheriff and Buck's owner. Sandro Cleuzo served as the supervising animator of the Sheriff.
 * Lance LeGault as Junior, Alameda Slim's pet buffalo who serves as Slim's mode of transportation. Dale Baer served as the supervising animator for Junior.
 * G.W. Bailey as Rusty, Sam's dog and Buck's best friend. Mark Henn served as the supervising animator for Rusty.
 * Estelle Harris as Audrey, a chicken living in Patch of Heaven.
 * Charlie Dell as Ollie, a pig living in Patch of Heaven.
 * Bobby Block, Keaton Savage, and Ross Simanteris as The Piggies, Ollie's children.
 * Marshall Efron as Larry, a duck living in Patch of Heaven.
 * Mark Walton as Barry and Bob, two Texas longhorns that become smitten with Maggie, Mrs. Calloway, and Grace.
 * Governor Ann Richards as Annie, a saloon owner whose saloon the cows mistake for Sam's office.
 * Dennis Weaver as Abner Dixon, Maggie's former owner.
 * Patrick Warburton as Patrick, a horse who takes Rico to Slim's lair.

Production
Before he pitched Pocahontas (1995), director Mike Gabriel considered adapting Western legends such as Annie Oakley, Buffalo Bill, and Pecos Bill into animated films. While he pitched both projects at the Gong Show meeting, the executives were more interested in Pocahontas, which went into production first. When Pocahontas was finished, Gabriel went back to his Western pitch and came up with an "idea that might combine Captains Courageous with a Western." The initial story involved a young boy from the Far East whose father owns a railroad and sends his son to the Western United States to teach him maturity. According to Gabriel, "the train gets held up by outlaws over a train trestle, and the little boy gets knocked off the train ... He splashes in the river and ends up on a cattle drive." Gabriel developed his story into a forty-page film treatment, which was well received by then-Feature Animation president Peter Schneider. Soon after, the project, then titled Sweating Bullets, went into development.

Inspired by the song "Ghost Riders in the Sky", the story was then revised into a supernatural western about a timid cowboy who visits a ghost town and confronts an undead cattle hustler named Slim. In this version, he and the Willies rode their ghost herds through the clouds and constantly drove livestock off cliffs to increase their herd. It was later reconceived into a story about a little bull named Bullets, that wanted to be more like the horses that led the herd. In 1999, in an attempt to salvage the production and retain the existing characters and background art, story artist Michael LaBash suggested a different approach to the story with one that involved three cow protagonists who become bounty hunters to save the farm. Building on the idea, fellow story artists Sam Levine, Mark Kennedy, Robert Lence, and Shirley Pierce developed a new storyline. However, by October 2000, Gabriel and co-director Mike Giaimo were removed from the project because of persistent story problems. Will Finn, who had returned to Disney Feature Animation after co-directing The Road to El Dorado (2000) at DreamWorks Animation, and John Sanford were hired as the new directors.

By this point, there were twelve storyboard artists and four screenwriters, including David Reynolds, working on the film. Finn and Sanford decided to downsize the writing team, with Reynolds later being recruited to write the Finding Nemo screenplay. At one point, the story incorporated elements from the Pied Piper story. Following a suggestion by Alan Menken, Alameda Slim was reconceived into a cattle huster who used his yodeling talents to hypnotize and abscond with the herd. The character Pearl Gesner, who was to be voiced by Sarah Jessica Parker, was rewritten into an elderly woman. Relatively late into production, the character Maggie was also rewritten to make her an outsider to the other farm animals in order to differentiate the group dynamic.

Music
In February 1998, Alan Menken had signed a long-term agreement with the Walt Disney Studios to compose songs and/or scores for animated and live-action films. Following this, according to Menken, he was attached to provide music for Sweating Bullets "maybe a year and a half after Hercules". Shortly after winning the ASCAP Foundation Richard Rodgers New Horizons Award, lyricist Glenn Slater was brought to the attention of Menken, who invited Slater to work with him on Sweating Bullets.

Together, they wrote the first of the film's six original songs back in 1999; the first of which was "Little Patch of Heaven" recorded by k.d. lang before Finn and Sanford were brought on board as directors. The villain song "Yodel-Adle-Eedle-Idle-Oo," which incorporates the "William Tell Overture," Beethoven's Ninth Symphony, and the "1812 Overture" into the yodel dance, was added following several story changes throughout production. Although Randy Quaid did his own singing for "Yodel-Adle-Eedle-Idle-Oo", including the consonants heard during the yodels, the vowel sounds in the yodeling were overdubbed from ghost singers Randy Erwin and Kerry Christianson, two world champion yodelers. Following the September 11 attacks, Menken composed the song "Will the Sun Ever Shine Again" in reaction, which was performed by Bonnie Raitt.

The soundtrack album of the film was released on March 30, 2004 by Walt Disney Records. It contains vocal songs performed by k.d. lang, Randy Quaid, Bonnie Raitt, Tim McGraw, and The Beu Sisters along with the film's score composed by Alan Menken.

Songs
Original songs performed in the film include:

Release
Home on the Range was initially scheduled for a 2003 release, while Brother Bear was originally slated for a spring 2004 release. However, Disney announced that the release dates were switched for both films. Contrary to speculation, news writer Jim Hill stated the release date switch was not because Home on the Range was suffering from story rewrites, but to promote Brother Bear on the Platinum Edition release of The Lion King.

Marketing
The first trailer was released online in May 2003. It was also attached to the theatrical release of Finding Nemo.

Home media
Home on the Range was released on VHS and DVD on September 14, 2004. The DVD came with an animated short, , a series of 18 little shorts called the Joke Corral, and animated intros to the DVD menu. All three featuring the voice cast from the film. The film was released on Blu-ray on July 3, 2012.

Critical reception
On Metacritic, the film has a score of 50 out of 100, based on 30 critics, indicating "mixed or average" reviews. Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A–" on an A+ to F scale.

Nathan Rabin, reviewing for The A.V. Club, praised the film describing it as "a sweet, raucously funny, comic Western that corrects a glaring historical injustice by finally surveying the Old West through the eyes of cows rather than cowboys." Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film $2 1/2$ stars out of 4, saying that "A movie like this is fun for kids: bright, quick-paced, with broad, outrageous characters. But Home on the Range doesn't have the crossover quality of the great Disney films like Beauty and the Beast and The Lion King. And it doesn't have the freshness and originality of a more traditional movie like Lilo & Stitch. Its real future, I suspect, lies in home video. It's only 76 minutes long, but although kids will like it, their parents will be sneaking looks at their watches." Claudia Puig of USA Today wrote favorably in her review that "Home on the Range is a throwback to old Disney cartoons: fun, rather than message-laden, with broad humor and entertaining action. The cheerful, plucky characters have heart and loyalty, and that's enough to make this a worthy family-friendly animated fest." Nell Minow of Common Sense Media gave the film four out of five stars, saying that "I love it when Disney doesn't take itself too seriously. No one tried to reach for the stars or make this into a classic. Home on the Range is just a cute little story about some not-so-contented cows who save the day. It modestly aspires to be nothing more than a lot of fun, and it does that job very well.

Elvis Mitchell of The New York Times criticized the weak comedy writing that "Unrestrained energy is hardly a bad thing for animation — the best cartoons are built on the contradictory pursuit of meticulously arranged anarchy—but they never seem needy, or desperate for laughs, as Home on the Range does. The film seems hungrier for a pat on the head than a chuckle." Similarly, Los Angeles Times film critic Kenneth Turan claimed "Home on the Range may be acceptable on reflection, but its formulaic desire to mix wisecracks for adults with pratfalls for kids is feeling thin, and its overall air of frantic hysteria does not wear well either." Michael Wilmington of The Chicago Tribune noted "Satirizing the movie Western can make for a great cartoon, as it does in Jiri Trnka's brilliant 1949 Czech short Song of the Prairie, a puppet version of Stagecoach. But Home isn't good satire or good slapstick. It does have those lyrical, catchy Menken tunes, and the film perks up whenever Raitt or lang sing one of them. But much of this movie is deadly. Home keeps milking the same gags and throwing the same bull, and after a while you feel cowed watching it."

Box office
On its opening box office weekend, Home on the Range grossed about $14 million in box office estimates, opening fourth behind Scooby-Doo 2: Monsters Unleashed, Walking Tall, and Hellboy. Following the disappointing box office weekend, financial analysts predicted that Disney would be forced to write-down the production costs, which totaled more than $100 million. Following the latter release of The Alamo (2004), which also met poor box office returns, it was reported that Disney would have to write-down about $70 million. The film ended its box office run with $50 million in domestic earnings and $145.3 million worldwide.

title: Home on the Range (2004 film)