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Penn State Dickinson Law

Penn State Dickinson Law, formerly Dickinson School of Law, is a public law school in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. It is one of two separately accredited law schools of Pennsylvania State University.

History
The Law School offers J.D. and LL.M. degrees in law and hosts visiting scholars. The Law School was opened by Judge John Reed in 1834 as the law department of Dickinson College, named for Founding Father John Dickinson. It received an independent charter in 1890 and ended all affiliation with the college in 1917.

In 2000, Penn State and The Dickinson School of Law completed a merger that began in 1997. From 2006 until 2014, Penn State's Dickinson School of Law operated as a single law school with two campuses – one in Carlisle, Pennsylvania and one in University Park, Pennsylvania. In the summer of 2014, Penn State received approval from the ABA to operate the two campuses as two distinct law schools (now known as Penn State Law and Dickinson Law), both of which share the history and achievement of The Dickinson School of Law.

In November 2022, Penn State President Neeli Bendapudi announced a task force to implement the recommendation that the two schools be merged into a single entity, with the primary location to be at the Carlisle campus.

Lewis Katz Hall
Lewis Katz Hall is named in honor of philanthropist and businessman Lewis Katz for his $15 million gift to the Law School as the principal donor to the construction and renovation project that began in January 2008. Completed in January 2010, the transition marked the end of a two-year, $52 million construction project which included the addition of the elegant, new Lewis Katz Hall which leverages advanced high-definition, digital audiovisual telecommunications systems to connect Dickinson Law to not only Penn State's University Park campus but to locations around the world.

The project included an extensive renovation of historic Trickett Hall, the Law School's home since 1918, which houses the Law School's library, named in honor of H. Laddie Montague, Jr., a prominent Philadelphia lawyer and trial attorney who has committed $4 million to the school. As a design companion to Penn State Law's Lewis Katz Building, Dickinson Law's Lewis Katz Hall was renovated and rebuilt to comply with LEED Silver standards. The facilities feature state-of-the-art classrooms, a courtroom/auditorium, an exterior courtyard, and an environmentally friendly vegetated green roof.

Curriculum
Dickinson Law's required 1L curriculum begins with the fundamentals of national and transnational law. During their first year, students must complete courses including Civil Procedure, Constitutional Law, Contracts, Criminal Law, Property, legal writing, and Torts.

At Dickinson Law, students must earn at least six of 12 required experiential learning credits in a real-world practice setting, such as a certified legal internship within one of the Law School's in-house legal clinics; an internship with a government, nonprofit or private office; or full immersion in the Semester-in-Practice program; or an international venue. The second and third years at Dickinson Law are distinguished by "The Lawyer As...": electives and experiential learning opportunities organized by the way lawyers use their training. Required courses after completion of the first year include Problem Solving III: The Lawyer as Persuader and Practicing Law in a Global World: Context and Competencies II.

Students may earn up to six credits towards the J.D. degree from approved graduate-level courses offered by other Penn State departments. Students also may enroll in one of an array of joint degree programs, graduating with both a J.D. from Dickinson Law and a master's degree from a coordinate department of Penn State. Current joint degree offerings include a J.D./M.B.A., J.D./M.P.A., J.D./M.P.H., J.D./DRPH. Dickinson Law also offers certificate programs in which students may hone their expertise in a specific area by taking a prescribed combination of core and elective courses. Current certificate offerings include Corporate Compliance Certificate, Cyber, Privacy, and Data Security Certificate, Government Affairs, Health Law and Policy, and Litigation and Dispute Resolution.

Dickinson Law Programs

 * Semester-in-Washington, D.C. Program (federal government)
 * Semester-in-Harrisburg Program (state government)
 * International Justice Program at the Hague, Netherlands (international criminal law)
 * Center for Public Interest Advocacy
 * Children's Advocacy Clinic
 * Community Law Clinic
 * Medical-Legal Partnership Clinic with Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center

Law journals
Dickinson Law features three scholarly journals, including the Dickinson Law Review. The Law Review was founded in 1897, and is one of the oldest continually published law school journals in the country. In addition, the school also publishes the Penn State Journal of Law and International Affairs, and The Yearbook on Arbitration and Mediation.

Student organizations
Student organizations at Penn State Dickinson Law include the following:

 * American Constitution Society
 * Animal Legal Defense Fund
 * Asian Pacific American Law Students Association
 * Black Law Students Association (BLSA)
 * Business Law Society
 * Christian Law Community of Dickinson Law
 * Criminal Law Society (CLS)
 * Dickinson Law Intellectual Property Law Society
 * Federalist Society (Fed Soc)
 * Health Law and Policy Society
 * International Law Society
 * Latinx Law Students Association (LLSA)
 * Middle Eastern Law Students Association (MELSA)
 * Military Law Caucus (MLC)
 * Moot Court Board
 * OutLaw
 * Phi Alpha Delta — Burr Chapter (PAD)
 * Public Interest Law Fund (PILF)
 * Speakers Trust Fund
 * Sports and Entertainment Law Society
 * Student Bar Association (SBA)
 * Women's Law Caucus (WLC)

Dickinson Law students also participate in a number of moot court competitions and are active in intramural sports leagues, including flag football, basketball, and volleyball. Dickinson Law also sponsors a softball team that competes in a national tournament each spring along with nearly 1,500 law students from across the country. Also, students have coached soccer, lacrosse, track, swimming, and field hockey teams at the nearby Dickinson College and other local youth leagues.

Employment
According to Penn State Dickinson Law's official 2022 ABA-required disclosures, about 91% of the class of 2022 obtained full-time, long-term, J.D.-required employment nine months after graduation.

Costs
The total cost of attendance (including tuition and related expenses) at Dickinson Law to earn a J.D. or LL.M. degree during the 2020-2021 academic year is $67,656.

Notable alumni

 * Matthew W. Brann, chief justice, U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania
 * Bill Bufalino, attorney to Jimmy Hoffa
 * Christopher F. Burne, U.S. Air Force Lieutenant General, Judge Advocate General (TJAG)
 * William W. Caldwell, judge, U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania
 * Mitchell Harry Cohen, judge, U.S. District Court for the District of New Jersey
 * Christopher Conner, judge, U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania
 * Pedro Cortés, Secretary of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
 * Andrew Curtin, Civil War-era governor of Pennsylvania (1861–1867)
 * J. Steward Davis, Baltimore trial lawyer and first Afro-American valedictorian at Dickinson
 * J. Michael Eakin, justice, Pennsylvania Supreme Court
 * John Sydney Fine, former Pennsylvania Governor (1951–1955)
 * Mike Fitzpatrick, United States Congressman from Pennsylvania
 * Robert S. Gawthrop III, judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania
 * Jim Gerlach, U.S. Congressman
 * Kim Gibson, judge, U.S. District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania
 * Milton W. Glenn (1903–1967), former U.S. Congressman
 * Thomas M. Golden, judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania
 * Rick Gray, former mayor of Lancaster, Pennsylvania
 * T. Millet Hand (1902–1956), represented New Jersey's 2nd congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1945 to 1957
 * John Berne Hannum, judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania
 * Daniel Brodhead Heiner, former U.S. Congressman
 * Arthur Horace James, 31st Governor of Pennsylvania
 * Charles Alvin Jones, former judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit and Chief Justice, Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
 * John E. Jones III, judge, U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania and 30th President of Dickinson College
 * Paul E. Kanjorski, former United States Congressman from Pennsylvania
 * Lewis Katz, former owner, New Jersey Nets
 * Jack Keeney, U.S. Department of Justice attorney
 * John W. Kephart, former chief justice, Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
 * Edwin Michael Kosik, judge, U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania
 * George Kunkel, former Pennsylvania State Senator
 * Tom Marino, U.S. Congressman from Pennsylvania and former judge, U.S. Attorney for the Middle District of Pennsylvania
 * Clarence Charles Newcomer, former judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania]
 * John Pettit, former district attorney, Washington County, Pennsylvania.
 * Sylvia H. Rambo, first woman to serve as chief judge, U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania
 * Tom Ridge, former Pennsylvania governor, former Assistant to the President for Homeland Security, first United States Secretary of Homeland Security
 * Carl Risch, Assistant Secretary of State for Consular Affairs
 * Andrew Sacks, Pennsylvania trial lawyer, one of the few U.S. attorneys who has handled two cases in excess of $1 billion
 * Rick Santorum, former U.S. Senator
 * Lansdale Sasscer, former U.S. Congressman
 * Ronald A. Sell, Wisconsin State Assemblyman
 * Michael Henry Sheridan, judge, U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania
 * D. Brooks Smith, judge, U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit
 * Edward G. Smith, judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania
 * Donald Snyder (LLM, Commerce and Taxation), Pennsylvania State Representative and Majority Whip, Pennsylvania State House of Representatives
 * Gerald J. Spitz, former Pennsylvania State of Representatives
 * Correale Stevens, justice, Supreme Court of Pennsylvania
 * Richard Barclay Surrick, judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania
 * Emanuel Mac Troutman, judge, U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania
 * Thomas I. Vanaskie, former chief judge, U.S. District Court for the Middle District of Pennsylvania and current judge on the Third Circuit Court of Appeals

title: Penn State Dickinson Law


text:
Baron Wrottesley

Baron Wrottesley, of Wrottesley in the County of Stafford, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 11 July 1838 for Sir John Wrottesley, 9th Baronet. He was a Major-General in the Army and also represented Lichfield, Staffordshire and Staffordshire South in House of Commons. The Wrottesley family's original patronymic was 'de Verdun' (otherwise 'de Verdon'), which meant that the creation of the title Baron Wrottesley represented the third barony created by a branch of the de Verdun family in England. The other two were established by Theobald de Verdun, 1st Baron Verdun of Alton Castle and Sir John de Verdon, 1st Baron Verdon, lord of Brixworth in Northamptonshire and Bressingham in Norfolk.

He was succeeded by his son, the second Baron. He was President of the Royal Astronomical Society as well as of the Royal Society. His son, the third Baron, held junior positions in the first two Liberal administrations of William Ewart Gladstone. He was succeeded by his eldest son, the fourth Baron. On his death in 1962 the titles passed to his nephew, the fifth Baron who was the only son of the Hon. Walter Bennet Wrottesley, youngest son of the third Baron. In 1941 he married into the Noble House of Stratford, from which all subsequent Barons Wrottesley descend, and in 1963 he sold the Staffordshire estate. the titles are held by the fifth Baron's grandson, the sixth Baron, who succeeded in 1977. He is the only son of the Hon. Richard Francis Gerard Wrottesley, second son of the fifth Baron.

The Wrottesley Baronetcy, of Wrottesley in the County of Stafford, was created in the Baronetage of England on 30 August 1642 for Walter Wrottesley. He fought on the Royalist side in the Civil War. His great-grandson, the fourth Baronet, briefly represented Staffordshire in the House of Commons. His younger son, the seventh Baronet (who had succeeded his elder brother, who in his turn had succeeded his elder brother), sat as a Member of Parliament for Tavistock but later took Holy Orders and served as Dean of Worcester. His son, the eighth Baronet, represented Newcastle-under-Lyme and Staffordshire in Parliament. He was succeeded by his son, the ninth Baronet, who was raised to the peerage in 1838.

The family seat was Wrottesley Hall near Wolverhampton, Staffordshire. Several of the Baronets served as High Sheriff of Staffordshire.

Wrottesley Baronets, of Wrottesley (1642)

 * Sir Walter Wrottesley, 1st Baronet (1606–1659)
 * Sir Walter Wrottesley, 2nd Baronet (c. 1632–c. 1686)
 * Sir Walter Wrottesley, 3rd Baronet (c. 1659–1712)
 * Sir John Wrottesley, 4th Baronet (c. 1682–1726)
 * Sir Hugh Wrottesley, 5th Baronet (d. 1729)
 * Sir Walter Wrottesley, 6th Baronet (d. 1731)
 * Sir Richard Wrottesley, 7th Baronet (1721–1769)
 * Sir John Wrottesley, 8th Baronet (1744–1787)
 * Sir John Wrottesley, 9th Baronet (1771–1841) (created Baron Wrottesley in 1838)

Barons Wrottesley (1838)

 * John Wrottesley, 1st Baron Wrottesley (1771–1841)
 * John Wrottesley, 2nd Baron Wrottesley (1798–1867)
 * Arthur Wrottesley, 3rd Baron Wrottesley (1824–1910)
 * Victor Alexander Wrottesley, 4th Baron Wrottesley (1873–1962)
 * Richard John Wrottesley, 5th Baron Wrottesley (1918–1977)
 * Clifton Hugh Lancelot de Verdon Wrottesley, 6th Baron Wrottesley (b. 1968)

The heir apparent is the present holder's eldest son the Hon. Victor Ernest Francis de Verdon Wrottesley (b. 2004)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Baron Wrottesley


text:
User:Mark Richards

This is the User Page for Mark Richards. As penance for being outspoken and irritating, I am prepared to undertake almost any unpleasant and menial task that is requested of me. ;)

Pages that I believe could do with some attention

 * Grand Canyon (history, esp human history)
 * List of Colorado River rapids and features (the rest of the features)
 * Ambon City
 * Ambon Island (more information on the conflict there)
 * Maluku
 * Mount St. Helens (no longer necessary due to excellent work by Hike395, David Newton, Maveric149, Lancevortex, Radagast and SimonP. Props!)

I could do with some help on Trust, specifically on the links I made while disambiguating - here: Thanks!

Shortcuts
Reference desk, tables, boilerplates, IRC, search, spell.

Delete Junkie

I don't remember the good old days before this Wiki could delete. Pardon me while I enter the frays revealing my repressive streak.

I'm a DeleteJunkie; I delete more than I write. I'm your topic police squad of one tonight.

If your HomePage is too short, or your argument too long, if your humor too thin, or you ripped too much bong.

I'm a DeleteJunkie; I get community spirit taking down poetry too 'cause I don't want to hear it.

I'm a DeleteJunkie I know where you live, get my kicks with a click, and I don't want you to give.

And I can't learn So I just burn Your low spiels Defying high ideals

I'm a DeleteJunkie, what you create I delete. You can't avoid my key, as it makes me feel complete.

If you don't take the hint, and foolishly restore. My eyes shine with a glint, as I delete it once more.

-- TheGhostsOfPagesPast

title: User:Mark Richards


text:
LTP

LTP may refer to:

Biology and medicine

 * Lateral tibial plateau, part of a leg bone
 * Lipid transfer proteins, proteins found in plant tissues
 * Long-term potentiation (neurophysiology), a long-lasting enhancement in signal transmission between neurons
 * 'The All-Species Living Tree' Project, a project to create a phylogeny of all Bacteria and Archaea

Transportation and vehicles

 * Local Tangent Plane, a geographical coordinate system commonly used in aviation
 * Local transport plan, part of transport planning in England
 * LTP tank, two different World War II-era tank designs:
 * A Czech factory designation for Panzer 38(t)
 * A Soviet light tank design by Lieutenant Provornov, never built

Technology

 * Long-tailed pair, a differential pair amplifier
 * Linux Test Project, a body of regression tests

Communications

 * Lightweight Telephony Protocol, a signaling protocol
 * Licklider Transmission Protocol, a communication protocol for use in deep space links
 * Long Term Prediction, a method of sound compression and quantization in mobile communications

Other uses

 * Lunar Transient Phenomena, a short-lived change in appearance of Earth's moon
 * Leaning Tower of Pisa, a tower in the Italian city of Pisa
 * Lullabies to Paralyze, an album by American hard rock band Queens of the Stone Age
 * Liberia Transformation Party. a political party in Liberia

title: LTP


text:
Hypermodernity

Hypermodernity (supermodernity) is a type, mode, or stage of society that reflects an inversion of modernity. Hypermodernism stipulates a world in which the object has been replaced by its own attributes. The new attribute-driven world is driven by the rise of technology and aspires to a convergence between technology and biology and more importantly information and matter. Hypermodernism finds its validation in emphasis on the value of new technology to overcome natural limitations. It rejects essentialism and instead favours postmodernism. In hypermodernism the function of an object has its reference point in the form of an object rather than function being the reference point for form. In other words, it describes an epoch in which teleological meaning is reversed from the standpoint of functionalism in favor of constructivism.

Hypermodernity
Hypermodernity emphasizes a hyperbolic separation between past and present due to the fact that:
 * The past oriented attributes and their functions around objects.
 * Objects that do exist in the present are only extant due to some useful attribute in the hypermodern era.

Hypermodernity inverts modernity to allow the attributes of an object to provide even more individuality than modernism. Modernity trapped form within the bounds of limited function; hypermodernity posits that function is now evolving so rapidly, it must take its reference point from form itself. Both positive and negative societal changes occur due to hyper-individualism and increased personal choice.

Postmodernity rejected the idea of the past as a reference point and curated objects from the past for the sole purpose of freeing form from function. In postmodernism, truth was ephemeral as the focus was to avoid non-falsifiable tenets. Postmodernity described a total collapse of modernity and its faith in progress and improvement in empowering the individual.

Supermodernity
If distinguished from hypermodernity, supermodernity is a step beyond the ontological emptiness of postmodernism and relies upon plausible heuristic truths. Whereas modernism focused upon the creation of great truths (or what Lyotard called "master narratives" or "metanarratives"), and postmodernity was intent upon their destruction (deconstruction); supermodernity operates extraneously of meta-truth. Instead, attributes are extracted from objects of the past based on their present relevance. Since attributes are both true and false, a truth value is not necessary including falsifiability. Supermodernity curates useful attributes from modern and postmodern objects in order to escape nihilistic postmodern tautology. Related authors are Terry Eagleton After Theory, and Marc Augé Non-Places: Introduction to an Anthropology of Supermodernity.

title: Hypermodernity


text:
Talk:List of chancellors and vice-chancellors of British universities

Omissions
Shouldn't SOAS University of London be in this list? RMGunton (talk) 21:48, 26 March 2021 (UTC)

Article Criticisms (Concerning Lack of Relevance To University Power Structures)
If this is going to be limited to universities, then let's put that in the title. Given the number of universities there are, this should be separated by country. --Jiang 20:56, 4 Mar 2004 (UTC)

 * And in the US, the President and not the Vice-Chancellor is usually in charge. The table format is unnecessary and unhelpful. --Jiang 18:10, 15 Apr 2004 (UTC)

Bah Humbug Dmn 23:23, 15 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * Same for Canada...the Chancellor is just a symbolic position. She hooded me at graduation, or whatever it is that happened there, but the President does all the real work. Adam Bishop 01:58, 16 Apr 2004 (UTC)

 * Yes, the Chacellor may be unimportant but they are the symbolic leader of the university. I see 3 options, and others may see more

1 - Just have symbolic leader 2 - Just have real leader (the person who does most of the work 3 - List both, and tell the reader of the difference.

I like the third because then they get the most amount of information quickly. Burgundavia 23:28, May 11, 2004 (UTC)

The third option sounds best. Although the chancellors job is symbolic, if you look at the list there are some pretty famous chancellors (half the UK's ones are celebrities) so it is of interest Dmn 09:27, 12 May 2004 (UTC)

British?
Surely this should be moved to UK universities? Having the Open University on this list is factually incorrect, as it is a national university, not regional. I thought rather than delete it, the page should be renamed to encompass the UK.

 * It does encompass the UK. Proteus (Talk) 22:20, 4 January 2007 (UTC)

More on Power
Here are some suggestions :

1) There should be information indicating the names of university *Pro Vice Chancellors* and *TREASURERS*. Given the above section criticising the purely symbolic role of some of the positions referred to within this article, it is obvious what the significance of this info is.  I might add that those who require assurances of moral behaviours would like such treasurers to have had CRB checks, etc... as a minimum.

I will endeavour to add some relevant information along these lines in the future (though I am sure that other money hungry thinkers will do so before I get a chance).

 * Hi there. I've reverted your edit, because the positions you added are by no means common to all UK universities.  Many universities have more than one Pro-VC, some none at all, and the function of a treasurer is often executed by committee, or by some other office-holder.  Please gain consensus here before adding columns to the table. Thank you. — mholland (talk) 15:21, 3 January 2008 (UTC)

 * I think that some of these suggestions created by the above individual are very probably a good idea as they provide a potential route of audit for determining how Higher Education Institutions spend their cash (which, given that UK tax payers are ultimately stakeholders, would seem to be something subject to thorough public and government oversight). I disagree with the assertion that, just because a university does not have (for example) a Pro-Vice Chancellor, that this should imply that there is good reason for not having a table at all - many universities do have a Pro-Vice Chancellor.  Thus the position is common enough to warrant a column entry - where a special omission of such an entry could be included within the table in order to outline those institutions which do not have the position of Pro-Vice Chancellor.  A similarly convincing argument can be put forward for the position of Treasurer, etc...

 * Perhaps your point concerning how it is necessary to "gain consensus here before adding columns to the table" relates to the title of the article "List of British university Chancellors and Vice-Chancellors". One of two possible resolutions seem in order (perhaps it would be best to implement both) :

1) That the article be renamed to "List of British university Chancellors and Vice-Chancellors, and other important Administrative University Personnel".

2) That a separate Article entitled "List of British university Treasurers and Pro Vice Chancellors" be created with the appropriate table entries.

 * In the second case, it would only be proper to link the two articles as they are very much related.

 * It would also seem unreasonable to delete either of the above 2 articles whilst they are in the process of being created and modified as it would take a small time period in order for people to collaborate on wikipedia in order to fill in the missing entries on the table.

 * Surely you have no objections to the above?

 * Given your response above, I think that I will go about creating the article List of British university Pro Vice-Chancellors and Treasurers .  Please do not delete this article - it is entirely reasonable to expect that it will take time to construct the table given the number of universities involved, etc...

ConfusciousSays (talk) 05:52, 7 January 2008 (UTC)

Purpose of this list
This list is very much a WP:NOTDIRECTORY compilation. Looks like the current chancellors, and ignores those in the past. (How much more not directory can we get?) Past (and present) chancellors should simply be listed in the articles for the individual institutions. – S. Rich (talk) 04:12, 5 September 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 5 external links on List of Chancellors and Vice-Chancellors of British universities. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
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York St John update
It had been stated on this article that Reeta Chakrabarti is a visitor of York St John University. However, that is incorrect. She was the Chancellor designate prior to The Archbishop of York, John Sentamu's retirement so I have now updated it to state that she is in fact the Chancellor. RyanPLB (talk) 13:19, 26 June 2020 (UTC)


text:
Robert Hyland

Robert Hyland, Jr. (1920–1992) was CBS regional vice president and general manager of radio station KMOX in St. Louis, Missouri for four decades.

Personal life
He was born in St. Louis, Missouri in 1920. He attended both St. Louis University High School and Saint Louis University. Before going into radio he embraced the idea of becoming a professional baseball player and even an actor, but these ideas were shot down by his father or other reasons. Hyland was the son of the longtime Cardinals team physician, Robert F. Hyland.

Contributions/Career
Hyland emphasized and leveraged KMOX's relationship with the St. Louis Cardinals; he also made the decision in 1960 to eliminate the station's afternoon music programming in favor of talk radio, a critical change which led to the station's subsequent dominance of the St. Louis radio market. He also introduced the first listener call-in programs at KMOX in 1960.

Hyland was very much involved in civic ventures. He founded the drug and alcohol treatment center at St. Anthony's Hospital (St. Anthony's Medical Center), which was named after his father. He served on the boards of the St. Louis Zoo, the St. Louis Symphony, and the Municipal Opera, and received many honorary degrees and awards. In 1988 he was chosen as the St. Louis Man of the Year. [Final Resting Place, p. 145]

Hyland was the man who brought the Big Red Line Cheerleaders to the St Louis Football Cardinals Organization.

Death
Hyland died in 1992 due to cancer.

title: Robert Hyland


text:
Blade (character)

Blade (birth name: Eric Cross Brooks; legal name: Frank Blade ) is a fictional character and antihero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Marv Wolfman and penciller Gene Colan, his first appearance was in the comic book The Tomb of Dracula #10 (July 1973) as a supporting character, but he later went on to star in his own storylines. Devoting his life to ridding the world of all vampires, Blade utilizes his unique physiology to become the perfect vampire hunter. While originally depicted as a human immune to vampire bites, Blade was retroactively established to be a dhampir following his adaptation as such in Spider-Man: The Animated Series and the Blade film series. He is the father of Brielle "Bri" Brooks (Bloodline).

The character has been substantially adapted from the comics into various forms of media, including films, television series, video games, and his own animated series. Blade was portrayed by Wesley Snipes in the films Blade, Blade II and Blade: Trinity, and by Sticky Fingaz in the television series Blade: The Series. Mahershala Ali has been cast as the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) media franchise, debuting with an uncredited vocal cameo in the film Eternals (2021) ahead of the character's upcoming standalone film (2025).

Publication history
Blade was introduced as a supporting character in Marvel Comics' The Tomb of Dracula #10 (July 1973), written by Marv Wolfman and penciled by Gene Colan. The artist recalled in 2003, "Marv told me Blade was a black man, and we talked about how he should dress, and how he should look – very heroic looking. That was my input. [...] The bandolier of blades – that was Marv's idea. But, I dressed him up. I put the leather jacket on him and so on". Colan based the character's features on "a composite of black actors" including NFL football star-turned-actor Jim Brown. He initially sported 1970s-style Afro hair and wielded teak-bladed knives. Blade appeared in issues #10–21, with frequent appearances until #61 in 1977.

Wolfman spoke on the character's inception during an interview:

"When I was at DC I was working with a partner and we were working on the Teen Titans, a different version of it than I later did and came up with a Black superhero and we wrote it, and it was drawn and everything and for one reason or another the story was never published, there were all sorts of explanation but I was never there, all I know is the story was never published, and one of the promises I made to myself was that the next character is created, would be a Black character like the character for Teen Titans, because I didn't think Black characters were represented at all in comics to any great degree. I felt coming from New York City, going to a school, and everybody who attends that high school is pretty much everybody who lives within a few blocks of you, because that's the way it works, I went to school in Manhattan, called High school of Art and Design, and it took people of all of New York, you saw people of all kinds there, so it didn't sound strange to me, to use a Black character, and I just never understood why they didn't, so [when] I came up with Blade it came to me literally in a second. I'm not joking, I had just gotten the Dracula assignment, and I wasn't thinking about anything, suddenly, the character came full blown, I knew exactly who he was and what he looked like, and I knew everything about him."

Wolfman recalled in 2009, "I knew if I let him, Blade would eclipse the other characters so I pulled him back and let original supporting characters Rachel, Frank and Quincy shine. I also wasn't happy with my Blade dialogue, so I pulled him out of the book for a while — I think almost a year — and when I brought him back I played him a bit straighter. The early Blade dialogue was cliche 'Marvel Black' dialogue. Later on, I tried to make him more real. But it took growing up as a writer."

Outside The Tomb of Dracula, he fought the scientifically-created vampire Morbius the Living Vampire in the latter's series in Adventure into Fear #24 (Oct. 1974), in a story written by Steve Gerber and penciled by P. Craig Russell.

Blade's first solo story came in Marvel's black-and-white horror-comics magazine Vampire Tales #8 (Dec. 1974), in an 11-page story by Wolfman and penciller-inker Tony DeZuniga. This feature continued in issue #9 (Feb. 1975), with Wolfman and Chris Claremont co-scripting. This story was concluded in a 56-page solo story in the black-and-white showcase magazine Marvel Preview #3 (Sept. 1975), written by Claremont, with two chapters each drawn by DeZuniga and by Rico Rival (this story was announced for Vampire Tales #12, but was published here after that magazine was cancelled). A six-page backup story by Wolfman and Colan followed in Marvel Preview #8 (Fall 1976).

Blade next came into prominence in the 1990s, beginning with Ghost Rider #28 (Aug. 1992), in the Midnight Sons imprint that included issues of Darkhold: Pages from the Book of Sins, Ghost Rider, Ghost Rider/Blaze: Spirits of Vengeance, Midnight Sons Unlimited, Morbius, and Nightstalkers. Blade co-starred in the 18-issue series Nightstalkers, and appeared with that team in a story in the anthology issue Midnight Sons Unlimited #1 (April 1993). He appeared in two solo stories, in Midnight Sons Unlimited #2 and 7 (July 1993 and Oct. 1994).

Following the cancellation of Nightstalkers, Blade debuted in his first color-comics series, Blade the Vampire Hunter #1–10 (July 1994 – April 1995), written by Ian Edginton (with the last two issues by Terry Kavanagh) and penciled by Doug Wheatley. Blade next appeared in a 12-page inventory story in issue #1 (Feb. 1997) of the short-lived black-and-white anthology series Marvel: Shadows and Light. He then starred again in two solo one-shots: Blade: Crescent City Blues #1 (March 1998), by writer Christopher Golden and penciller and co-creator Colan; and Blade: Sins of the Father #1 (Oct. 1998), by writer Marc Andreyko and penciller Bart Sears.

Marvel next announced a six-issue miniseries, Blade (storyline: "Blade: Blood Allies") by the writer Don McGregor and penciller Brian Hagen, but only issues #1–3 (Nov. 1998–Jan. 1999) were published. Marvel published a different six-issue miniseries later that year, Blade: Vampire Hunter (storyline: "Chaos (A)"; Dec. 1999 – May 2000), written and, except the last two issues, pencilled by Bart Sears.

The next ongoing series, Blade vol. 2 by writer Christopher Hinz and artist Steve Pugh, ran six issues, published by Marvel MAX in 2002. Blade vol. 3 by the writer Marc Guggenheim and penciller-inker Howard Chaykin, ran 12 issues (Sept. 2006–Aug. 2007). The final two pages of the last issue were drawn by co-creator Colan.

Blade also starred in two promotional comic books: Blade #$1/2$ (1999) by writer-artist Sears and inker Bill Sienkiewicz, bundled with issues of Wizard: The Comic Magazine #2000; and Blade: Nightstalking (2005), a 22-page story by writers Jimmy Palmiotti and Justin Gray and penciller Amanda Conner, based on New Line Cinema's Blade films, and bundled with the Blade: Trinity Deluxe Edition DVD. Additionally, the second Blade movie was adapted as the Marvel comic Blade 2: Bloodhunt — The Official Comic Adaptation (April 2002) by writers Steve Gerber and David S. Goyer and penciller-inker Alberto Ponticelli.

Blade joined the cast of Captain Britain and MI: 13 beginning with issue #5 (Nov. 2008).

In 2015, it was announced that Tim Seeley and Logan Faerber would be launching a new Blade series, starting in October 2015, as part of Marvel's post-Secret Wars relaunch, focusing on his and daughter Fallon Grey. However, this title has since been abandoned, in favor of Bloodline: Daughter of Blade, following his and Safron Caulder's daughter Brielle "Bri".

Early life and career
Eric Cross Brooks was born in a brothel in the Soho neighborhood of London, England, on October 24, 1929. His mother was Tara Vanessa Cross-Brooks, an heiress seeking sanctuary with Madame Vanity, an agent of the Order of Tyrana. When Tara experienced severe labor complications, a doctor was called; in actuality, the doctor was the vampire Deacon Frost, who killed Tara by drinking all of her blood. However, this inadvertently passed along certain vampire enzymes to her baby son as he was born. Eric thus became part-vampire, preventing him from being turned by a vampire's bite. Blade has also speculated that it gave him a hatred of vampires, though this may simply be hyperbole on his part. The brothel's sex workers drove off Frost once they realized what he had done.

Due to his father Lucas Cross being falsely imprisoned in his native Latveria, Eric was raised in the brothel, believing his mother to have been an employee there, and at age 9, returning home from school one day, he saw an old man being attacked by three vampires. Eric helped the man, Jamal Afari, distract his attackers so that he could kill them with a silver sword. Afari, posing as a jazz musician, soon became a father figure to Eric, teaching him music and training him in the ways of fighting vampires. Eric was soon able to defeat many of the weak, younger vampires that he and Afari found in abundance. Over time, the young man became an Olympic-level athlete and a formidable hand-to-hand combatant; his skill with knives and daggers was such that it earned him the nickname "Blade" among both his fellow hunters and the vampires they opposed, who began to fear him. After the death of Hannibal King and Frank Drake, he once used the alias "Frank Blade" with his landlady, which he claimed was short for "Hannibal Francis Blade". In Earth-1610, Blade also received additional training from the legendary Stick.

Blade's easy victories made him cocky. He joined a gang of young hunters, the Bloodshadows, headed by Cyrus Cutter, later killed by Blade in a knife fight caused by Blade's disapproval of Cutter's actions as leader. Glory Anah, Cutter's girlfriend, became Blade's first lover. Having gone to London, where for months the group hunted vampires, demons, and warlocks under Blade's leadership, the group encountered a much older and more powerful vampire than any Blade had met before, named Lamia. Blade barely defeated Lamia, who slaughtered the other Bloodshadows and bit Glory, turning her into a vampire. Although Glory subsequently refused to kill Blade, she warned him never to look for her or she would kill him. The tragedy of the experience changed Blade considerably, as he became much more focused and determined in his hunting.

Afari himself later fell prey to Dracula, the first occurrence in an ongoing feud between the vampire lord and Blade. Blade mercy-killed his mentor after Afari rose as a vampire, and tracked Dracula back to Europe, Asia, and Asia Minor, staking him many times, but never completely destroying him. While in China, Blade joined Ogun Strong's vampire hunters, which included Azu, Orji, and Musenda. Together, they staked Dracula again. Dracula survived, and killed all of the hunters except Blade and Musenda, who eventually retired from vampire hunting. Orji had created a lasting impression on Blade with his use of wooden daggers to combat vampires, leading to Blade adopting that weapon as his preferred arms. Consumed by grief for his fallen comrades, Blade resumed his quest alone.

Quincy Harker's vampire hunters
Blade eventually located Dracula in Paris, where he first encountered the vampire hunter Quincy Harker, son of Jonathan Harker, who he knew by reputation, and Harker's fellow vampire hunters: Rachel van Helsing, great-granddaughter of Abraham Van Helsing; Taj Nital; and Frank Drake, last mortal descendant of Dracula. Because of his mercurial temperament, Blade had a strained but steady relationship with the group, allying himself with them on several occasions but always parting ways with them in the end.

Later, after an unsuccessful battle with Dracula, Blade realized he was immune to the vampire's curse that had felled many other hunters. Armed with this knowledge, he parted company with Harker and went after Deacon Frost alone. Blade later battled Dracula in London, as well as Morbius the Living Vampire, and the Legion of the Damned, who unsuccessfully framed him for murder. Blade also destroyed a band of vampire children without hesitation.

Blade's hunt for his mother's killer led him to Boston, Massachusetts, where he allied with Dracula against Doctor Sun. Following this battle, Dracula vanished and Blade again set out on his own.

He eventually encountered Hannibal King, a private detective whom Deacon Frost had turned into a vampire. While initially distrusting King, Blade teamed up with him to hunt Frost. Blade and King fought together against Blade's evil doppelgänger who absorbed the real Blade into his form. King enlisted the help of Daimon Hellstrom, the Son of Satan, who exorcised Blade from the doppelgänger and killed it with King's help. Blade and King eventually caught up with Frost, who had created an army of vampiric doppelgängers, one for each of his victims. Together, they shut down Frost for good, destroying the vampire, and forging a lasting friendship.

Blade, Rachel van Helsing, and Harold H. Harold later confronted Dracula. Later, Blade returned to China and honored the memory of his former allies by saving Musenda's wife from being turned into a vampire.

The Nightstalkers
In later years, Blade, along with King and Drake, became a frequent ally of the sorcerer Doctor Strange, and the three assisted Strange in battles with Dracula and the Darkholders and assisted in the casting of the Montesi Formula which, for a time, destroyed all vampires on Earth. Blade, King, and Drake then formed the private detective agency Borderline Investigations, Inc. to combat supernatural threats. Alongside Doctor Strange, the three detectives battled the Darkholders again. Blade also rescued his close friend Safron Caulder from the Darkholders.

The agency discontinued after Drake left and Blade was committed to a psychiatric hospital following a battle with a temporarily resurrected Dracula. Doctor Strange later arranged the release of Blade so that he could join Drake and King in reforming Borderline Investigations, Inc. as the Nightstalkers. Blade, King, and Drake were hired by Lilith the Mother of All Demons to kill the second Ghost Rider and the non-infernally powered John Blaze. The three Nightstalkers battled Meatmarket. The Nightstalkers then teamed with the Ghost Rider, Blaze, Morbius, Doctor Strange, and the Darkhold Redeemers to battle Lilith and her Lilin. The Nightstalkers also battled other threats, such as HYDRA's DOA.

Upon the eventual weakening of the Montesi Formula and the return of vampires, Blade encountered and staked a former ally, the now-vampiric Taj Nital, and survived a battle with the first Lord of Vampires, Varnae, in which Drake and King appeared to have been killed.

The Daywalker
A solo vampire-hunter once again, Blade briefly joined forces with the mystic Bible John Carik, and encountered a vampire impersonating Deacon Frost and a once-again resurrected Dracula. Later, in New Orleans, Louisiana, Blade discovered that Hannibal King had survived, and the two joined forces to defeat a genuinely resurrected Frost. Blade remained active in New Orleans, defeating the vampire Ulysses Sojourner and his own former ally, Morbius, who was under Sojourner's mental thrall. Blade followed Morbius to New York, where, while teamed with Spider-Man, Blade was bitten by Morbius. Blade's blood enzymes reacted unexpectedly with Morbius's unique form of vampirism to grant Blade many vampire strengths, while eliminating weaknesses inherent to a true vampire, most notably the vulnerability to sunlight. It was at this time that Blade assumed the unofficial title of "the Daywalker" among his prey.

The United Nations-sanctioned espionage agency S.H.I.E.L.D. sought to use Blade's blood for Project: Silvereye, an attempt at cloning vampire operatives. Blade and the vampire-hunting twins Mosha and Mikado shut down the project. Blade later joined Noah van Helsing, actually Noah Tremayne, Rachel van Helsing's adopted cousin, and several vampire hunters worldwide to stop Dracula from becoming a genuinely god-like vampire lord. Blade then returned to New Orleans.

Blade re-encountered Dracula, and appeared to fully destroy the vampire lord once again aboard the S.H.I.E.L.D. Helicarrier Pericles V. Unbeknownst to Blade, his wealthy father, Lucas Cross, had been responsible for Dracula's most recent resurrection. Cross later kidnapped Blade and attempted to force Blade to feed on a virgin girl in an attempt to fulfill a prophecy. Blade escaped after biting through his own hand. Later, Blade would feed on a virgin after biting an evil vampire priest, Draconis.

In exchange for undertaking a time travel adventure for the supervillain Doctor Doom, Blade received from Doom an elixir that would purportedly cure a vampire of thirst for human blood, but would also remove the bloodlust vampire hunters get for killing the undead. At the end of the series, Blade gave Hannibal King the elixir. During this time travel mission, Blade fulfilled another part of the prophecy by freeing his imprisoned father.

Civil War and beyond
During the Civil War storyline, in which the superheroes of the Marvel Universe were split over the Superhuman Registration Act, Blade registers and begins cooperating with S.H.I.E.L.D. This alliance allowed Blade access to S.H.I.E.L.D. tech, gaining himself a "gun hand" to replace his missing one. Blade completes a prophecy he believes would give all extant vampires back their souls, but which instead returns to existence every vampire that had ever been killed.

Blade next leads a group of superhuman black-ops agents funded secretly by the U.S. government, called the Vanguard, of which even the President is unaware. During his time with this squad, Blade receives a cybernetic replacement hand. The squad disbands after their cover is compromised, and Blade returns home to the United Kingdom to join MI-13 in its fight against supernatural evil. He soon afterwards stakes his new teammate, the vampire hero Spitfire. Blade and Spitfire clashed again with each other in a fierce battle, but the two were forced to work together and seemed to have formed an unlikely friendship. Upon completing their first mission together, Blade attempts to apologize to Spitfire for trying to kill her, but before he could finish, she kisses him.

During the "Curse of the Mutants" storyline, Blade appears in San Francisco to assist the X-Men in capturing a vampire specimen for the X-Club. He confirms Dracula's death and reveals that his son Xarus is the new Lord of Vampires, having united all of the vampire sects under a single flag. He immediately objects to Cyclops' plan to resurrect Dracula, stating "You don't dig up Hitler to get rid of Saddam Hussein". The conflict concluded with Dracula being resurrected anyway, despite Blade's objections. Blade attempts to kill the now-vampire Jubilee, but is forced to withdraw after a stand-off with Wolverine, who refuses to allow her to be staked, even as Blade warns the X-Men that they will eventually have to kill her.

Blade was later revealed to have been the character (whose identity is kept from the reader) on the Mighty Avengers team who dons the Halloween-type Spider Hero alias during the Infinity storyline, and the Ronin identity from a "big box of Clint Barton's old stuff" during the Inhumanity storyline; his true identity was eventually revealed.

To prepare for his next TV program, Mojo paired Blade up with Doctor Strange, the Ghost Rider, the Manphibian, the Man-Thing, and Satana the Devil's Daughter, where he formed the Avengers of the Supernatural. He mind-controlled them and had them fight the Avengers Unity Division. Both groups managed to break free from the mind-control and returned to their world after preventing the Ghost Rider from using his Penance Stare on the inhabitants of Mojoworld.

Blade later appears in a small town hunting down a necromancer and ends up confronting Gwenpool, who was unknowingly hired to kill him. After Gwenpool explains that the dead residents are living peacefully, Blade leaves after he gives her his cellphone number, dubbing her "Pink Slayer", but is called back when Gwenpool discovers that the mayor/necromancer is actually draining the life-force from children to keep his undead citizens alive.

During the "Secret Empire" storyline, Blade was shown to have been trapped in Manhattan when it was isolated by a Darkforce dome. Due to the vampire attacks at the time, Blade takes advantage of this by killing every attacking vampire to protect the humans.

Blade was later captured by an army of vampires and imprisoned until he was freed by Wasp. He took up the Black Panther's offer to join the Avengers. Blade, along with the Avengers, faces a civil war among the vampire community orchestrated by the Shadow Coronel and the Legion of the Unliving.

During the "War of the Realms" storyline, Blade appears with the Avengers and the other heroes fighting Malekith the Accursed and his army. He also joins the group sent to destroy the Black Bifrost. He also appears attacking Roxxon's secret base in Antarctica, fighting the Berserkers along with the Gorilla-Man and Ka-Zar. Later in the series, Blade becomes the sheriff of "Vampire Nation", a safe haven for vampires overseen by Dracula.

During the "Blood Hunt" storyline, Blade visits Miles Morales in Brooklyn stating that he has a plan to deal with the vampire invasion. While stating to the Avengers that he has a plan while driving in his truck, he wants them to bring his truck to Impossible City. When it arrives, out comes the Bloodcoven who states that Blade can't be here as the Avengers are defeated by them as they also compromise Impossible City. Blade later visits Doctor Strange and Clea at the Sanctum Sanctorum to mention that the Structure is behind this and the Avengers have been defeated by the Bloodcoven who he describes as ultra-vampires who drink superhuman blood. When Doctor Strange asks if Dracula is leading the Structure since Moon Knight killed its original leader Tutor, Blade states that he is the leader of the Structure as he prepares to bite Doctor Strange. It is later revealed that Blade is actually possessed by Varnae.

Comics
Due to an enzyme in his bloodstream resultant from his mother's being bitten by a vampire while giving birth to him, Blade is immune to the bites of typical, supernatural vampires. In certain instances, he also appeared immune to vampire hypnosis as well. He lacked superhuman physical attributes, however, and relied solely on his considerable skill and determination until Morbius, the Living Vampire, an atypical, scientifically created vampire, bit him and Blade was turned into something resembling a dhampir. Blade possesses superhuman strength, stamina, speed, agility, heightened senses, and a rapid healing factor that attacks any alien substances (chemicals/viruses) in his body. The healing factor also eliminates any chance of him being rendered helpless or maimed from the inside. Blade is unaffected by daylight and most other traditional vampire weaknesses. He also ages very slowly (although he is not immortal) and can preternaturally sense supernatural activity.

When he was raised and trained by Jamal Afari, Blade learned everything about vampire lore, from their strengths to their weaknesses, and how he could use his powers and skills to hunt down vampires so he could fight and kill them.

Blade is a master martial artist, mastering styles like boxing, capoeira, escrima, jeet kune do, hapkido, jujutsu, Shotokan karate, kung fu, and ninjutsu. He is also a skilled swordsman, marksman, and street-fighter. He is adept in the usage of throwing knives. He is highly knowledgeable about vampire lore as well as the supernatural.

In "Dracula's Gauntlet", Blade and Deadpool are surrounded by monsters and Blade threatens to turn into a bat and leave Deadpool there to die. He may have all vampire powers, but feels conflicted about using the ones that make him seem less human.

Films and television series
In the films and television series, Blade originated from Detroit, Michigan. Blade is depicted as having all of a vampire's strengths and none of the weaknesses, except for the bloodlust. Blade attempts to suppress the thirst with a serum, but during the first film, his body develops a resistance to it. At the beginning of the second film, it is stated that Dr. Karen Jenson, from the first film, improved the serum, presumably in the time between the two films. Although he does not want to drink blood, he has been shown to be capable of it; prior to the development of the serum, Abraham Whistler noted that he found Blade as a teenager when Blade was feeding on the homeless, with Blade ingesting blood during the first and second films when in a position where he was badly injured and needed to be back at full strength as soon as possible.

Blade's half-vampire physiology results in him being completely immune to silver, garlic, and sunlight. Blade has superhuman strength, speed, stamina, agility, reflexes, and senses. He also has a healing factor that allows him to heal completely from wounds overnight, although in the first and second films he was forced to drink blood to accelerate his usual healing abilities when faced with an immediate threat and too badly injured to confront it on his own. It is also mentioned in the first film that he ages like a human, while vampires age much slower. He is a master of martial arts, practices meditation, and can speak Czech, Russian, and to a degree the vampire language, and he has a great deal of knowledge about hunting vampires. It is seen in the television series that, while he is only half-vampire, Blade's saliva still produces the enzyme that turns humans into vampires.

Comics
According to his earliest appearances in the original The Tomb of Dracula comics, Blade relied on teakwood daggers which he used to impale opponents, and a variety of mahogany stakes. He was an excellent hand-to-hand combatant and knife-fighter. Later comics upgraded his arsenal significantly over the years, including a variety of different bladed weapons ranging from long swords to katanas, as well as guns, flamethrowers, and UV and silver-based weapons. He relies mainly on a double-edged sword he carries on his back. He has also had some success with improvised weapons, such as stakes made from snapped brooms and, after losing his hand, a replacement appendage made from duct tape and a pointed stick. He would replace this with a new machine gun-esque firearm used in place of his missing hand, which responds to different muscle twitches as an indication of reloading and firing, among other functions (including a grappling hook, which Blade describes as his "favorite feature"). It also uses three different kinds of ammo. This weapon was created by S.H.I.E.L.D. Blade also had an arsenal of EMP grenades.

Films and television series
Much in the same way as in the comics, in the movie series, Blade employs a stylized double-edged sword as one of his main offense and defense tools. Although not much detail is specified in the comics about the composition of the sword, in the films, it is equipped with an acid-etched titanium blade that has a security feature that will release blades into the wielder's hand after a set time. This is aborted by Blade or others who know of the system by pushing a hidden switch in the sword's hilt. The movies also depict him wielding varieties of throwable "glaives" (boomerang- or chakram-like weapons which return when thrown), different knives, silver stakes, and firearms. He also uses specialized weapons, such as throwable injector canisters filled with an anticoagulant which is explosively lethal to vampires, and extendable injector spikes worn on the back of the hand.

Anime
In addition to all his above skills and powers, Blade's swordsmanship in particular is shown in Marvel Anime to be especially advanced. Blade's sword-style revolves mainly around his mastery of Yagu Shinkage-ryu, a kenjutsu art that can unleash powerful shockwaves or transparent wind blades from his sword swings, allowing him to blast or slice respectively his opponents from a distance. The Yagu Shinkage-ryu also has three principal Yagyu techniques. The first technique, "The First Blade: Residual Moon", draws a small circle with the tip of his sword, producing a perfectly tangible after-image of himself for diversions. The second technique, "The Second Blade: Phantom Moon", involves a high-speed spin, allowing Blade to launch an omnidirectional slash in rapid succession with such intensity that it sets his strike ablaze. The final technique, "The Third Blade: Chaotic Moon", launches several shadow blades around the opponent, hiding the user's attack path with little chance of being noticed.

Marvel Zombies
In Marvel Zombies, Nick Fury explained to Blade and those who joined the resistance aboard the S.H.I.E.L.D. Helicarrier how serious he believed the situation to be; that it was the end of the world. He also explained that whatever the histories of those assembled, they were all on the same side. However, Blade was later seen as one of the infected heroes.

Secret Wars
During the "Secret Wars" storyline, an alternate version of Blade was featured as a member of the Thor Corps in Mrs. Deadpool and the Howling Commandos.

Ultimate Marvel
An Ultimate Marvel imprint of Blade appears. This alternate universe version, called "the Daywalker" by the Daily Bugle, has numerous small scars across his eyes and cheeks.

Spider-Man met Blade when the Daywalker was hunting a vampire in an alley. Believing Blade to be a crazed gunman, Spider-Man webbed him and tended to a person who he thought was an ordinary civilian, until the vampire attacked. Blade freed himself and staked the creature, saving Spider-Man from being bitten. Blade then threatened Spider-Man with his superior strength and menacing vampiric appearance, that if the youth ever attacked him again, he would "eat [Spider-Man's] heart for breakfast!" Shaken by this encounter, Spider-Man later took Blade's discarded wooden stake as a memento of the discovery of the existence of vampires. This experience also later helps when trying to save Ben Urich from being one.

Blade is one of the many heroes recruited by Nick Fury in Ultimate Comics: Avengers. When vampires started infecting superheroes, going from street-heroes, such as the new Daredevil, to major heroes such as the Nerd Hulk and even Captain America, Blade became the center of attention as he infiltrated the Triskelion, where he fought more vampires. After repelling Captain America, Blade was taken into custody by S.H.I.E.L.D. and interrogated on the nature of the vampires and who was behind this. He explained that this was orchestrated by Anthony, another vampire hunter like Blade, who was turned into a vampire and put his mind and strategy into infecting the superhero community to dominate the world. As S.H.I.E.L.D. and the Ultimates were preparing to fight against the vampires, Blade was incarcerated below the Triskelion as he could not be trusted until the situation was over. When the vampires assaulted the Triskelion, Blade was let out by his handlers in confronting the vampires Daredevil and his former master. He was forced to retreat from the vampires armed with Iron Man's armor before being subdued and prepared to be beheaded by Daredevil, but Captain America was cured and teleported the Triskelion to a daylight Iran where the vampires were incinerated, saving Blade in the process.

Nick Fury managed to convince Blade to join a black ops group by promising to deliver to him the recently captured vampire who is responsible for his condition. While attempting to intervene on an illegal sale of S.H.I.E.L.D. Super-Soldiers, the Avengers were attacked by Tyrone Cash. However, Blade was able to hypnotize him before he could cause any real threat. Cash revealed that he was working for Carol Danvers. During the main battle between the Avengers and the New Ultimates, Blade managed to capture Danvers briefly before he was intercepted by the Black Widow. Iron Man intervened to help but Blade was crushed, not realizing that Blade did not have super-human invulnerability. After being arrested by the New Ultimates, Blade and the rest of the Avengers take Cash's serum and they gain massive strength and bulk bodies. When they confront Iron Man's brother Gregory Stark, the group is easily overpowered by Stark's nanite-based powers and sends them over the edge of the USS Jimmy Carter (SSN-23). They later join the New Ultimates on their mission to South Korea to settle the civil unrest which Gregory engineered.

Marv Wolfman lawsuit
In 1997, on the eve of the impending release of the Blade film, Marv Wolfman sued Marvel Characters Inc. over ownership of all characters he had created for Marvel Comics, including Blade and Nova. A ruling in Marvel's favor was handed down on November 6, 2000. Wolfman's stance was that he had not signed work-for-hire contracts when he created his characters, including Blade and Nova. In a non-jury trial, the judge ruled that Marvel's later use of the characters was sufficiently different to protect it from Wolfman's claim of copyright ownership.

Reception
IGN ranked Blade as the 63rd greatest comic character, stating that Blade is the most iconic hero to spring from the period of monster-themed stories. UGO Networks placed Blade as one of the top heroes of entertainment, quoting that "Blade has to get props for being the most obscure Marvel character to ever get a film deal...and television deal, too!" Blade was ranked 4th on a listing of Marvel Comics' monster characters in 2015.

In 2021, Screen Rant included Blade in their "Marvel: 10 Most Powerful Vampires" list.

In 2022, CBR.com ranked Blade 1st in their "10 Most Important Marvel Vampires" list.

Television

 * Blade appears in Spider-Man, voiced by J.D. Hall. This version was the son of a male vampire who had fallen in love with a human woman, who left him in foster care before she became a vampire herself.
 * Blade appears in Blade: The Series, portrayed by Sticky Fingaz. Set after the events of Blade: Trinity, this version's birth name is Eric Brooks and was born in Detroit. Additionally, his father is Robert Brooks, who raised him until he was 12, when elements of his vampiric nature became more apparent.
 * Blade appears in Marvel Anime: Blade, voiced by Akio Ōtsuka in the Japanese version and Harold Perrineau in the English dub. Additionally, Junko Minagawa and Noah Bentley voice a younger Blade in the Japanese version and English dub respectively. This version had to kill his vampire-converted mother in self-defense and was trained in vampire-hunting by Noah van Helsing and Tanba Yagyo.
 * Blade appears in the Ultimate Spider-Man two-part episode "Blade and the Howling Commandos", voiced by Terry Crews. This version sports tattoos of ancient runes on his scalp and is a former member of Nick Fury's Howling Commandos who left for unknown reasons.
 * Blade appears in Hulk and the Agents of S.M.A.S.H., voiced again by Terry Crews. This version is a member of Nick Fury's Howling Commandos.
 * Blade appears in Marvel Disk Wars: The Avengers, voiced by Hiroki Yasumoto in the Japanese version and Beau Billingslea in the English dub.

Film

 * Blade appears in a trilogy of films from New Line Cinema, portrayed by Wesley Snipes. The first, Blade, was released in 1998, and presented the character as stoic while revising his powers and weaknesses. Rather than a normal human with immunity to vampirism, the film version is a dhampir with vampiric powers and a bloodthirst, the latter of which is controlled through a special serum. The film was financially successful and received two sequels, Blade II (2002) and Blade: Trinity (2004).
 * By August 2012, the film rights to Blade had reverted to Marvel Studios, and a script for a new film was ready by May 2013. By July 2015, Snipes and Marvel had discussed the actor reprising his role. A crossover with the Underworld film series had also been discussed, but was rejected because Marvel Studios wanted to introduce Blade into the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). Mahershala Ali had been cast as Blade in July 2019. In 2021, Stacy Amma Osei-Kuffour was hired to write the script in February while Bassam Tariq was confirmed to direct in September. Tariq left a year later due to the film's production shifts, when Beau DeMayo joined to rewrite the script. Yann Demange was hired to direct in November 2022, with Michael Starrbury doing a page-one rewrite. Further rewrites were conducted by Nic Pizzolatto in April 2023 and Michael Green in November 2023. The film will begin principal photography following the 2023 Writers Guild of America strike, at Tyler Perry Studios, Atlanta. Blade is currently scheduled to be released on November 7, 2025.
 * Ali makes an uncredited vocal cameo appearance as Blade in a post-credits scene for Eternals. Just as Dane Whitman is about to pick up the Ebony Blade, an unseen Blade asks him whether he is actually ready for it.

Video games

 * Blade, based on Wesley Snipes' portrayal, appears as a playable character in the Blade film tie-in game, voiced by Redd Pepper.
 * Blade, based on Wesley Snipes' portrayal, appears as a playable character in the Blade II film tie-in game, voiced by Tom Clarke Hill.
 * Blade appears as a playable character in Marvel Ultimate Alliance.
 * Blade appears as an assist character in Spider-Man: Friend or Foe, voiced by Khary Payton.
 * Blade appears in Marvel Pinball.
 * Blade appears in Marvel vs. Capcom 3: Fate of Two Worlds and Ultimate Marvel vs. Capcom 3.
 * Blade appears as a playable character in Marvel Puzzle Quest.
 * Blade appears as a playable character in Marvel Heroes, voiced by Dave Fennoy.
 * Blade appears as a playable character in Marvel Contest of Champions.
 * Blade appears as a playable character in Lego Marvel Super Heroes 2, voiced again by Tom Clarke Hill.
 * Blade appears as a downloable playable character in Marvel Ultimate Alliance 3: The Black Order, voiced by Imari Williams.
 * Blade appears in Marvel Duel.
 * Blade appears as a purchasable outfit in Fortnite Battle Royale.
 * Blade appears as a playable character in Marvel's Midnight Suns, voiced by Michael Jai White. This version is a member of the Midnight Suns.
 * Blade will appear in Marvel's Blade.

title: Blade (character)


text:
Joe Millionaire

Joe Millionaire is an American reality television series broadcast by the Fox Broadcasting Company (Fox). The series premiered on January 6, 2003, and concluded with the finale of its second season on November 24, 2003. Both seasons followed a group of single women in competition for the affection of a bachelor. The women were under the belief that the bachelor was a millionaire; however, he was actually a working class average Joe. If the final remaining woman still accepted the bachelor after learning about the ruse, the two split a $1,000,000 reward. The series was hosted by American television presenter Alex McLeod.

The first season of Joe Millionaire experienced high success in ratings, with its season finale being the highest-rated entertainment program (excluding Super Bowl lead-out programs) aired on network television since 2000. The second season, titled The Next Joe Millionaire, experienced disappointing ratings throughout its run. In 2005, Joe Millionaire and The Next Joe Millionaire were among several television programs cited in a class-action lawsuit filed by the Writers Guild of America concerning labor law violations.

In November 2021, Fox announced a revival entitled Joe Millionaire: For Richer or Poorer, which aired from January 6 to March 10, 2022. The revival featured two bachelors, one a working-class man and the other a secret millionaire.

First season
The women were not aware that the bachelor, Evan Marriott, was in fact a working-class construction worker. The Smoking Gun later discovered that Marriott had also been an underwear model. A theme throughout the first season was Marriott's attempt to ascertain which of the twenty contestants were sincere and which ones were simply seeking a wealthy mate. Season 1 was helmed by showrunner and co-executive producer Liz Bronstein, whose vision of the show as a spoof of The Bachelor and comedic send-up of reality shows was widely praised.

The show made a minor star out of Paul Hogan, the manservant whose role developed, in the words of the network, "into the glue that held the show together". Hogan was not actually the host of the program: Alex McLeod was the program's host, although she appeared only briefly on each episode for an estimated total of five minutes during the six-episode season.

Runner-up Sarah Kozer received notoriety when the media reported during the course of the show that she had appeared in bondage videos while she was attending law school. A scene from the show implied that Kozer and Marriott engaged in a sex act while out for a walk together. Marriott and Kozer claim no sex acts occurred. In the VH1 program VH1 News Presents: Reality TV Secrets Revealed she alleges that her statement, "let's go somewhere quiet" was in fact spoken while she was receiving a back massage from another female contestant and that the producers dubbed it in during post-editing and added suggestive sound effects and subtitles. The show's editors corroborated this fact later in an interview for Radar magazine.

Zora Andrich was the last woman to be chosen by Marriott, and they split a bonus prize of $1 million. Their relationship did not last.

Joe Millionaire was filmed primarily at the Château de la Bourdaisière in the countryside of the commune of Montlouis-sur-Loire in the Indre-et-Loire département in France. Marriott is said to have made upwards of $2.5 million between Fox Networks payout, personal appearances, and commercials. In 2004, he hosted the less popular (GSN) Game Show Network show Fake A Date. Marriott went back to contracting in Orange County, California, and started his own business. In hiring a bachelor, Marriott explained that Fox "needed a guy that was in construction but didn't have kids, hadn't been in jail, wasn't on drugs."

The series was highly successful for Fox; the two-hour season finale was seen by at least 34.6 million viewers, which made it one of Fox's highest-rated entertainment programs to date. Fox stated that, excluding Super Bowl lead-outs, it was the highest-rated entertainment program on television since the first season finale of Survivor in 2000.

The Next Joe Millionaire
The second season, released in 2003, was set in Northern and Central Italy, primarily at the Villa Oliva in Tuscany. Marriott was replaced by 24-year-old David Smith from Midland, Texas, who, viewers were told, had earned only $11,000 the previous year as a cowboy on the rodeo circuit. Needing to find contestants who were unaware of the first show, the producers went to Europe and cast 14 English-speaking European women from the Czech Republic, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy, and Sweden. During casting, the women were told by Fox casting agents that the show they were going to appear on would involve a group of European women interacting with American men on an island somewhere. There was also a new "hostess", a then-unknown Samantha Harris. The butler was, once again, played by Paul Hogan.

However, the show's popularity dissolved very quickly; Fox's head of entertainment Sandy Grushow stated that "our instincts told us from the very beginning that Joe Millionaire was a one-time stunt and I think we got greedy." He added, "We tried to sneak it by the American public a second time and we got called on it."

The show's climax occurred when one of the contestants, Linda Kazdová, from the Czech Republic, was brought back to the show after eliminating herself and was later selected by Smith as the winner. By that time, though, the show's popularity had declined.

Instead of sharing a million dollars, as Andrich and Marriott had in the first show, Smith was awarded a ranch in Texas, while Kazdova received $250,000. As with the first installment, the couple's post-show interaction was short-lived, as Smith and Kazdova were separated by distance shortly after the show aired.

The Next Joe Millionaire drew fewer than 7 million viewers a week ,with a season finale attracting only 9 million viewers.

For Richer or Poorer
In October 2021, Fox Alternative Entertainment announced that a reboot of the series produced by SallyAnn Salsano, Joe Millionaire: For Richer or Poorer, would premiere on January 6, 2022. For Richer or Poorer features women competing over two bachelors: one of the bachelors is a millionaire, but the women do not know which.

Cast
This season of Joe Millionaire has two bachelors: Kurt F. Sowers and Steven McBee. Sowers is a 32-year-old construction manager and CEO from Charlotte, North Carolina and McBee is a 27-year-old farmer and CEO from Gallatin, Missouri. For this season, the butler and host is Martin Andrew.

Contestants
There are 18 contestants this season.

British version
A short-lived British version called Joe Millionaire UK ran on E4 from November 27, 2003, until January 1, 2004, hosted by Rebecca De Young while the bachelor, in general, was Dominic Lijertwood.

title: Joe Millionaire


text:
New Universe

The New Universe is an imprint from Marvel Comics that was published in its original incarnation from 1986 to 1989. It was the first line produced by Marvel Comics utilizing a pre-conceived shared universe concept. It was created by Jim Shooter, Archie Goodwin, Eliot R. Brown, John Morelli, Mark Gruenwald, Tom DeFalco, and edited by Michael Higgins.

In 1986, in honor of Marvel Comics' 25th anniversary, Editor-in-Chief Jim Shooter launched the New Universe line of comics. This was to be a distinctly separate world, fully divorced from the mainstream continuity of the Marvel Universe, consisting of its own continuing characters and stories in a more realistic setting. There would be no hidden races, gods, mythological beings, magic, or supertechnology. Superhuman characters and powers would be limited and thus more subdued in their activities, yet their actions would have more realistic consequences. This was in contrast to the traditional Marvel Universe, which always purported to take place in a mirror of the real world where public knowledge of superheroes, supervillains and their activities had little effect on normal day-to-day business.

Adding to the sense of realism, the New Universe titles were designed to operate in real-time: a month would lapse in the universe for each month that passed in reality. The limitation of fantasy elements, and the low-key nature of the characters' activities in the New Universe, gave the imprint verisimilitude, to seem like "the world outside your window", which was the imprint's catchphrase.

Original titles
The New Universe initially launched with eight monthly titles:
 * DP 7 (created by Mark Gruenwald and Paul Ryan) (32 issues, one annual)
 * DP 7 focuses on a group of seven paranormals on the run from a sinister medical facility created to deal with the booming paranormal population.

 * Justice (created by Archie Goodwin) (32 issues)
 * The titular hero is an alien knight exiled to Earth by his enemies. With no way to return to his home dimension, he metes out justice to evildoers everywhere.

 * Kickers, Inc. (created by Tom DeFalco and Ron Frenz) (12 issues)
 * Kickers Inc. is a group of heroes-for-hire, all former pro-football players, led by Jack Magniconte, who gains super-human strength, speed, and invulnerability after the White Event at the cost of his brother's life.

 * Mark Hazzard: Merc (created by Archie Goodwin) (12 issues, one annual)
 * Mark Hazzard is a Vietnam veteran turned soldier of fortune whose mercenary lifestyle has cost him the love of his family.

 * Nightmask (created by Archie Goodwin) (12 issues)
 * Orphaned Keith Remsen is a counselor, aided by his sister Teddy, who uses his newfound ability to enter people's dreams to help them recover from trauma and mental illness.

 * Psi-Force (created by Archie Goodwin and Walt Simonson) (32 issues, one annual)
 * Psi-Force is a group of paranormals on the run from a government that seeks to control them. They can meld their abilities into a powerful psionic being called The Psi-Hawk.

 * Spitfire and the Troubleshooters (created by Eliot R. Brown and John Morelli) (13 issues; renamed Spitfire from issue #8; renamed Codename: Spitfire from issue #10)
 * Aided by five prankster students, Professor Jenny Swensen steals her father's M.A.X. armor (a construction suit built for use in a variety of capacities) when she suspects his murderer intends to use it as a weapon of war.

 * Star Brand (created by Jim Shooter) (19 issues, one annual; renamed The Star Brand from issue #11)
 * Ken Connell is given a power called the Star Brand by a mysterious visitor from space, who tells him to guard it well. Driven by his conscience, Connell struggles to find the most just and appropriate use for the Brand's unlimited power.

Concept and creation
To discuss how to capitalize on Marvel Comics's upcoming 25th anniversary, president Jim Galton held a meeting with Marvel's vice presidents, including Jim Shooter, who was also Marvel editor-in-chief. Shooter proposed an idea similar to the later Ultimate Marvel line: end the Marvel Universe, and relaunch all the titles in a remade universe which would use the same characters and story concepts as the original Marvel Universe, but updated to the present era. This idea was rejected because it was seen as meddling with a line that was very successful at the time, and so Shooter instead proposed creating a new universe entirely, one that would supplement the Marvel Universe rather than replace it. This new proposal was approved and given a $120,000 budget.

After a false start in which Tom DeFalco was placed in charge of the project and reportedly made little progress, Shooter conceived a line of comics that would be the next innovation for greater realism in superhero comics. The concept was fleshed out, and ideas for the individual series proposed, at a meeting with Shooter, DeFalco, Archie Goodwin, Eliot R. Brown, John Morelli, and Mark Gruenwald.

The premise behind the line of comics was that, prior to July 22, 1986, the New Universe was identical to the real world. The New Universe's first divergence from normal reality was the White Event, a strange astronomical phenomenon that occurred on that date, at 4:22 a.m., EDT, and lasted for mere moments. It bathed the Earth in a bright white light and caused genetic anomalies in two out of every one million humans, which led to their developing superhuman powers. Many looked completely normal, but for others the anomaly resulted in a physical manifestation that led to horrible disfiguration. Human beings who developed a reaction to the White Event were referred to as paranormals. According to Goodwin, it was intended from the beginning that all the major characters in the New Universe would be either paranormals or in some other way linked to the White Event. However, three of the eight launch titles, including two created by Goodwin himself, had no connection of any sort to the White Event: Mark Hazzard: Merc, Spitfire and the Troubleshooters, and Justice.

First year
The New Universe was heavily marketed but faced substantial problems. Jim Shooter had planned to recruit top creators, but this became unfeasible when Marvel's parent company, Cadence Industries, threatened to sell off the company, creating immense pressure for Marvel to cut costs and increase revenues. As a result, the New Universe's budget was cut to nothing, and the titles in the line were staffed almost entirely by editors and creators who were new to the industry or otherwise could not get work elsewhere. Because of false starts, and delays in developing the New Universe concept, production of the first issues faced harsh deadline pressures as the 25th anniversary approached. Following the launch, certain books lacked focus as creative teams were swapped. Shooter was also involved with complex politics at Marvel Comics (which eventually led to him resigning his position), and thus could not give the line as much attention as he would have liked. In addition, many readers felt that the line did not follow the advertised "world outside your window" concept; especially strong contradictions to the line's supposed realism were Justice (about an alien knight from a quasi-medieval civilization), Kickers Inc. (a team of five professional football players who work as heroes-for-hire as a sideline), and Codename: Spitfire (whose later issues involved technology that verged on the fantastical). In 2007, comics journalist Philippe Cordier went so far as to declare Jim Shooter's run on Star Brand to be "the New Universe's only good title".

By the end of the imprint's first year, four of the titles (Kickers, Inc., Mark Hazzard: Merc, Nightmask and Codename: Spitfire) were cancelled, while a fifth (Star Brand) had been downgraded to bimonthly status, and Shooter himself had departed Marvel. Though the news bulletins published in the comics reassured readers that the cancellations were only a case of some series not selling as well as others, in fact, even the four remaining New Universe titles were on the brink of cancellation.

The "New New Universe"
In an effort to save the line, DeFalco (now Marvel's editor-in-chief), Gruenwald, John Byrne, and editor Howard Mackie ended up removing some of the more fantastic elements from it and, in a few cases, doing radical revamps. Byrne signed up to write and do breakdowns on Star Brand, altering the series so that it focused less on Ken Connell and more on the power of the titular object itself. This began initially with the idea of having Ken Connell go public with his identity as Star Brand. Similarly, the premise of Justice was revealed to be a hallucination that had been artificially induced in the title's protagonist by another paranormal. From this point on, Justice becomes a serial killer who targets paranormals who abuse their powers. Some of the characters whose titles had been cancelled returned as backup features or even as supporting characters in the remaining books.

One of the founding ideas of the New Universe was that the existence of paranormals would have real and lasting consequences, but so far these had been few and on the personal level. Gruenwald elaborated: "There was a big misunderstanding among all of the creators, myself included, that we should keep the New U the world outside your window -- that it should never change too much, or else we'd lose reader identification or something. We missed the point of having a virgin universe, uncluttered by known super-beings, aliens, other dimensions, hidden civilizations, and all that. The point is enabling the reader to experience the first time the weird stuff starts happening -- and, more importantly, letting the weird stuff actually affect the status quo of the world." This changed in issue #12 of Star Brand, in which Ken Connell transfers a portion of the Star Brand to an inanimate object. This same issue reveals that a similar transfer of the Star Brand's power into an asteroid was the trigger for the White Event in the first place. Connell's effort results in a tremendous release of energy, which scoops out a massive crater, obliterating the city of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and most of the surrounding area in what became known as the Black Event. The crater that existed where Pittsburgh had once been became known as "The Pitt", and its creation marked a turn into a generally grimmer tone for the line, with a more militarized international political scene, and some themes of post-apocalyptic fiction being explored. The increasingly unstable political scene would have effects such as the forcible military recruitment of paranormals for a war with the Soviet Union (believed by the Americans to have caused the disaster), as portrayed in the graphic novel The Draft.

Despite all of this, the imprint was discontinued in late 1989 after a total of 170 comics had been published. Readers often assumed that the New Universe had suffered from poor sales, but in fact, all four series were solidly profitable right up until their cancellation; the actual reason for discontinuing the line was that, with Marvel Comics in one of its most successful eras, it was felt that staff and production resources would be better used on new, more promising series. The lineup's discontinuation was immediately followed by a four-issue limited series, The War, which was intended as the conclusion of the New Universe.

1993–2005
Writer Peter David introduced an amnesiac character known as the Net Prophet into Spider-Man 2099. He eventually revealed that Net Prophet was actually the New Universe character Justice, who slowly regained his memories during the course of the storyline.
 * Spider-Man 2099 #12–14 (1993)
 * Spider-Man 2099 #25 (1994)
 * Spider-Man 2099 #41, 42, 44 (1996)
 * Spider-Man 2099 Annual #1 (1994)

Following the dissolution of the New Universe imprint, Mark Gruenwald, the writer of the New Universe title DP7, decided to bring the Star Brand and other New Universe characters into the Marvel Universe proper some years later, when he was the writer for Quasar. He later incorporated them into the Marvel Multiverse, allowing crossovers with other Marvel titles, in the "Starblast" storyline:

 * Part 1: Starblast #1 (January 1994)
 * Part 2: Quasar #54 (January 1994)
 * Part 3: Secret Defenders #11 (January 1994)
 * Part 4: Starblast #2 (February 1994)
 * Part 5: Quasar #55 (February 1994)
 * Part 6: Namor the Sub-Mariner #47 (February 1994)
 * Part 7: Fantastic Four #385 (February 1994)
 * Part 8: Starblast #3 (March 1994)
 * Part 9: Namor the Sub-Mariner #48 (March 1994)
 * Part 10: Quasar #56 (March 1994)
 * Part 11: Fantastic Four #386 (March 1994)
 * Part 12: Starblast #4 (April 1994)

In addition, Namor the Sub-Mariner #46, Quasar #31-53, and Quasar #57-60 were unnumbered tie-ins to the crossover.

In this crossover, Kayla Ballantine is Quasar's secretary at the time that she receives the Star Brand. Once her powers begin to manifest, she becomes the target of numerous alien individuals and groups. These include: the Dance, the Chief Examiner, and a group of interplanetary marauders known as the Starblasters. Quasar recruits some of Earth's most powerful heroes to stop them when the Starblasters try to push the moon away from Earth’s orbit.

The Imperial Guard were informed about a hijacked Shi'ar craft and later joined Quasar. When it becomes clear that the Starblasters are working for the Stranger, Guard members Solar Wind, Voyager and Moondancer opt to help Quasar's team against the Stranger, even though it means they have to resign from active Guard duty. These three Guardsmen were once captured and caged by the Stranger some years before. After helping Quasar, these three 'former' Guardsmen are never seen again serving the Shi'ar Imperial Guard, and their whereabouts are unknown.

Ballantine would eventually pass the Star Brand on to the Stranger in order to prevent Skeletron (the leader of the Starblasters) from forcibly taking the Star Brand. The Stranger uses the Star Brand to move the Earth of the New Universe into orbit around his Labworld. The Living Tribunal then judges the Star Brand to be a threat to the hierarchy of the greater powers of the Marvel Multiverse. The New Universe's Earth is quarantined and surrounded by an impenetrable energy barrier so that no one can enter or leave it, and none of the greater powers are ever allowed to observe it again. After the threat posed by the Starblasters is over, the Star Brand is returned to Ballantine. She remains on the New Universe Earth after it is moved into the Marvel Universe and cut off from the rest of that universe.

2005–present
The Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe: Alternate Universes 2005 features a two-page entry on the New Universe wherein New Universe Earth is designated Earth-148611.

In late 2005, the Exiles find a Proteus-possessed Mimic in an approximation of New Universe era Pittsburgh. After observing this world, Proteus becomes determined to retrieve the most powerful weapon in the known universe, the Star Brand, by attempting to take the body of Ken Connell. He also encounters Justice, DP 7, and Nightmask. This arc runs through Exiles #72–74 and is the second of six stops on the "World Tour" storyline.

This alternate universe has the Marvel Multiverse designation Earth-15731 and exists circa 1986, shortly after the White Event. As a result of Proteus's actions, including the premature death of Justice, it is completely divorced from the original New Universe continuity. Other notable differences include Connell, Nightmask, and Lenore Fenzl of the D.P. 7 becoming aware of each other's existence and abilities long before the characters did so in the original continuity (due to the Exiles gathering them to combat Proteus) and Connell beginning to develop a greater sense of responsibility towards the Star Brand after Proteus threatens his life and the lives of people he cares for.

In 2006, Editor-In-Chief Joe Quesada and Editor Mark Paniccia set in motion events to celebrate Marvel Comics' 20th Anniversary of the New Universe. In late February and early March, Marvel launched the Untold Tales of the New Universe, a five-week comic event that took place in a pre-Pitt timeframe in the original continuity.

These were released as a lead-in to Warren Ellis's then-forthcoming newuniversal, an ongoing title that would re-introduce the New Universe Saga to the world.

The line of Untold Tales of the New Universe titles included the following:
 * The New Avengers #16, Untold Tales of the New Universe - Kickers, Inc.: "Kickin' It in Hell"
 * Amazing Fantasy #18, Untold Tales of the New Universe - Mark Hazzard: Merc
 * Marvel Milestones: Star Brand & Quasar
 * Untold Tales of the New Universe — Star Brand: "Adventures in the Mulletverse"
 * Untold Tales of The New Universe: Nightmask - "Kingdom of the Gnome" - this issue served as the conclusion of a story arc in the original comic never completed because of a change in creative team.
 * Untold Tales of The New Universe: Justice - "Who Judges the Judge?"
 * Amazing Fantasy #19 - Spitfire: "Danger Zone"
 * Untold Tales of the New Universe: DP 7 - "The Dead Plains Seven"
 * Untold Tales of the New Universe - Psi-Force: "An Army Of One"

New Universe reference material is given in the All New Official Handbook Of The Marvel Universe A - Z series. Issue #6 of this series features a biography of John Tensen (Justice). Issue #10 features a biography of the Starblasters, who are instrumental in Quasar: Prelude to Starblast (1992–1994) and Starblast (1994). The Starblasters had frequent interactions with many of the New Universe characters throughout these storylines. This was followed by a 2007 update series, All-New Official Handbook Of The Marvel Universe A - Z: Update, the first issue of which (January 2007) features an updated biography of Mark Hazzard: Merc, Quasar, and Spider-Man 2099. Issue #2 (March 2007) features an updated biography of Jack Magniconte, the All-American. Issue #3 (July 2007) features an updated biography of Chrome.

In November 2006, Marvel released a 1980s version of The Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe. The profiles within covered everything published by Marvel Comics in that decade and featured D.P. 7, Nightmask, and Psi-Force.

In 2007, to coincide with the 20th anniversary of the New Universe, Marvel launched newuniversal, a mini-series re-imagining of the New Universe concepts by writer Warren Ellis, artist Salvador Larroca and color artist Jason Keith. As with the original New Universe, newuniversal is set in a world where a number of people suddenly develop superhuman abilities. However, where the New Universe began with the 'real' world as its starting point, the world of newuniversal is already markedly different.

The one-shot Exiles: Days of Then and Now (January 2008) celebrates 100 issues of The Exiles and features an appearance by Jenny Swensen (Spitfire) in "Chapter 4: World Tour".

In 2013, as part of Marvel's NOW! initiative, in the fifth volume of The Avengers, writer Jonathan Hickman resurrects several concepts from the New Universe including The White Event, Nightmask and Star Brand, as well as elements from newuniversal like the Superflow.

Collections

 * Star Brand Classic Volume 1 (trade paperback) Collecting Star Brand #1 - 7. First printing: December 6, 2006. ISBN 0-7851-2352-0.
 * D.P. 7 Classic Volume 1 (trade paperback) Collecting D.P. 7 #1 - 9. First Printing: August 15, 2007. ISBN 0-7851-2859-X.
 * Nightmask: New Universe (trade paperback) Collecting NIGHTMASK #1-12, STAR BRAND #9, JUSTICE (1986) #15, UNTOLD TALES OF THE NEW UNIVERSE: NIGHTMASK; MATERIAL FROM DP7 #25, JUSTICE (1986) #25, STAR BRAND #16-18 First Printing: July, 2018. ISBN 9781302912574
 * Psi - Force Classic Volume 1 Trade Paperback Collecting Psi - Force #1 - 9. First Printing: May 14, 2008. ISBN 0-7851-3084-5.
 * Exiles Volume 12: World Tour Book 1 Trade Paperback Collecting Exiles #69 - 74. First Printing: March 15, 2006. ISBN 0-7851-1854-3.
 * Untold Tales of the New Universe Trade Paperback Collecting Untold Tales Of The New Universe: Nightmask, Star Brand, Psi-Force, Justice, and D.P. 7; and stories from Amazing Fantasy #18 - 19 and New Avengers #16. First Printing: July 26, 2006. ISBN 0-7851-2185-4.
 * newuniversal Volume 1: Everything Went White Premiere (hardcover) Collecting newuniversal #1 - 6. First Printing: August 15, 2007. ISBN 0-7851-2858-1.
 * newuniversal Volume 1: Everything Went White Trade Paperback Collecting newuniversal #1 - 6. First Printing: April 9, 2008. ISBN 0-7851-2302-4.

Parodies

 * Failed Universe (Blackthorne Publishing, 1986)
 * Legends #5 (DC Comics, March 1987)
 * Aristocratic Xtraterrestrial Time-Traveling Thieves (vol. 2) #2 (Comics Interview, April 1987) -- a suitcase containing the embodiment of reality is hurled into the New Universe, where Ken Connell remarks, "Admit it, reality -- even confined like that, aren't you thrilled to be back home?!"
 * What The--?! #2 (Marvel, September 1988) has a story starring Dr. Deranged (a parody of Dr. Strange) visiting a parody of the DC Universe, before ending up in Pittsburgh. Issue #4 (Marvel, November 1988) contains two single-page, single-panel parodies of the New Universe: "When Titans Clash" (written by Justice and Mark Hazzard: Merc writer Peter David) and "The You Universe".

Sources consulted

 * Ed. Jim Salicrup, "The Coming of The New Universe", Marvel Age Annual #2, Marvel Comics Group, Jun. 1986
 * Ed. David Smay, "The New Universe Tour", Amazing Heroes #101, Fantagraphics Books, Aug. 15, 1986
 * Ed. Hal Schuster, "Marvel's New Universe", Comics Feature #48, Medialand Publishing, Oct. 1986
 * Ed. Jim Salicrup, "Behold... The New Universe", Marvel Age #44, Marvel Comics Group, Nov. 1986
 * Ed. Jim Salicrup, "New Universe Part I", Marvel Age #47, Marvel Comics Group, Feb. 1987
 * Ed. Jim Salicrup, "New Universe Part II", Marvel Age #48, Marvel Comics Group, Mar. 1987
 * Ed. Jim Salicrup, "Exploring The New Universe" & "New Universe Part III", Marvel Age #50, Marvel Comics Group, May 1987
 * Ed. Jim Salicrup, "Marvel A to Z", Marvel Age Annual #3, Marvel Comics Group, Jun. 1987
 * Ed. Jim Salicrup, "John Byrne Takes on The Star Brand", Marvel Age #58, Marvel Comics Group, Jan. 1988
 * Ed. Jim Salicrup, "The New New Universe", Marvel Age #59, Marvel Comics Group, Feb. 1988
 * Ed. Jim Salicrup, "New Universe A to Z", Marvel Age Annual #4, Marvel Comics Group, Jun. 1988
 * Ed. Jim Salicrup, "The War", Marvel Age #74, Marvel Comics Group, May 1989
 * Gruenwald, Mark. "Mark's Remarks: The demise of the New Universe, part 1", Marvel Age #76, Marvel Comics Group, Jul. 1989
 * Gruenwald, Mark, "Mark's Remarks: The demise of the New Universe, part 2", Marvel Age #77, Marvel Comics Group, Aug. 1989
 * Ed. Steve Saffel, "Mark's Remarks" & "Starblast", Marvel Age #131, Marvel Comics Group, Dec. 1993

title: New Universe