text:
Talk:'e llènte

RFD discussion: April 2018–May 2019
I would have just deleted this, but it has a long edit history – Hippietrail RFVed it years ago, and Stephen defended it. The title means just "the glasses". The lemma for "glasses" should be at, which is the standard lemma form. When you add the definite article, the initial consonant is doubled, but that is a normal feature of Neapolitan nouns; in sentences without an article – "I like glasses", for instance – it would just appear as "lente", not as "'a llente". (Also, the accented è is not written - per Wikipedia, "accent marks are not used in the actual spelling of words except when they occur on the final syllable.") Ƿidsiþ 09:01, 7 April 2018 (UTC)
 * Delete. As for the old discussion, I'm not sure that Stephen was defending it so much as explaining it without considering whether it should be kept. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 23:53, 8 April 2018 (UTC)
 * Delete. Per utramque cavernam (talk) 18:38, 17 April 2018 (UTC)
 * RFD-deleted — surjection ⟨?⟩ 14:16, 29 May 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:'e llènte


text:
Talk:манж хэл

RFD discussion: November 2018–May 2019
marked this term for speedy deletion saying it was non-idiomatic. But I have no way to verify if it's idiomatic or not, so bringing it here. —Internoob 23:26, 12 November 2018 (UTC)
 * See Манж, хэл. Crom daba (talk) 00:53, 13 November 2018 (UTC)
 * I guess we need a lower case and then we can delete манж хэл. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 04:20, 13 November 2018 (UTC)
 * Arguably these are the same word language internally, with a capitalization pattern taken from Россия vs. российский, I'm not sure how we should organize the entries, presumably with some sort of soft redirect. Crom daba (talk) 12:54, 13 November 2018 (UTC)
 * : Thanks for the response. The answer depends on the standard spelling. We have both and . If forming language, nationality names are formed by (capitalised) [country name] +, , etc. then no need to worry. If lower case forms exist, their usage is different, then we definitely need them. If they are just alternative case, you can still define them with . I know it's pain in the neck, especially if you're the only one looking after Mongolian entries but this is what needs to be done eventually. Again, depends on the capitalisation rules in Mongolian. They may be loose like in some languages. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 01:18, 16 November 2018 (UTC)
 * I'm not completely confident in my understanding of the rules of Mongolian capitalization, but to half a page dedicated to it in a Mongolian high school textbook, it seems that it comes down to state names being capitalized and ethnic names not. So that we have =  =  (see, not sure why every word is capitalized), but , ,.
 * I suppose this means we should have separate pages for capitalized and non-capitalized forms, which is kind of unnatural since it's the same word just being used attributively (very common in Mongolian as in English), but I suppose orthography needs to be described too. Crom daba (talk) 12:04, 16 November 2018 (UTC)
 * Is there something in Mongolian grammar that can be used to distinguish compound nouns in which the principal noun is modified by a noun adjunct from combinations consisting of a noun modified by an ordinary adjective? --Lambiam 15:27, 13 November 2018 (UTC)
 * No, many grammars even consider adjectives and nouns to be indistinguishable in Mongolian ( Janhunen shows that there are some differences when used as predicates though. ).
 * However there are also genitive phrases like where Франц is a understood as a full noun rather than as a relational attribute (as in English). Crom daba (talk) 12:04, 16 November 2018 (UTC)
 * We should then also delete the term монгол хэл, and likewise for  (the same in Mongolian script).  --Lambiam 08:13, 13 November 2018 (UTC)
 * I agree. BTW, I like this linking more: --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 01:18, 16 November 2018 (UTC)
 * Already deleted. — surjection ⟨?⟩ 14:18, 29 May 2019 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:манж хэл


text:
Talk:аддаваць перавагу

RFD discussion: March 2018–May 2019

 * See Talk:аддаць перавагу.

title: Talk:аддаваць перавагу


title: User:Erutuon/wrong script/ota/data


text: User:Erutuon/wrong script/ota

title: User:Erutuon/wrong script/ota


text:
𒀁

Noun

 * 1) heir

title: 𒀁


text:
كويكب

Etymology
of.

Noun

 * 1) asteroid

title: كويكب


text:
تصغير

Etymology
of, from the root.

Noun

 * 1) diminishment, reduction
 * 2)  diminutive

title: تصغير


text:
وائی فائی

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) Wi-Fi

title: وائی فائی


text:
тесля

Noun

 * 1) carpenter
 * 2)  joiner
 * 1)  joiner

title: тесля


text: shambani

title: shambani


text: tokami

title: tokami


text: toków

title: toków


text:
хэрэглэгч

Noun

 * 1) user
 * 2) consumer

title: хэрэглэгч


text: tokiem

title: tokiem


text: tokowi

title: tokowi


text:
ប្រើប្រាស់

Etymology
🇰🇲.

Verb

 * 1) to use

title: ប្រើប្រាស់


text:
អ្នកប្រើប្រាស់

Etymology
+.

Noun

 * 1) user; consumer

title: អ្នកប្រើប្រាស់


text:
ашиглах

Verb

 * 1) to use

title: ашиглах


text:
صغر

Etymology
From the root. From. Cognate with 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to be or become small, little
 * 2)  to be too small, young (for)

Verb

 * 1)  to be younger (than)

Verb

 * 1) to diminish, to make smaller, to reduce in size
 * 2) to belittle
 * 3)  to make diminutive, to change into the diminutive form

Noun

 * , smallness, littleness
 * 1) young age, childhood

title: صغر


text:
en masa

Adverb

 * 1) en masse, in droves

title: en masa


text: kufuliwa

title: kufuliwa


text:
prereproductive

Adjective

 * 1) Prior to being reproductive

title: prereproductive


text:
profilometrically

Adverb

 * 1) In a profilometric manner

title: profilometrically


text:
нисэх буудал

Noun

 * 1) airport

title: нисэх буудал


text:
pseudoneurological

Adjective

 * 1) Apparently, but not actually, neurological

title: pseudoneurological


text: ذان

title: ذان


text: pseudopeptidase

title: pseudopeptidase


text: pseudopeptidases

title: pseudopeptidases


text:
滿手

Noun

 * 1) handful

title: 滿手


text: 满手

title: 满手


text:
تان

Postposition

 * 1) from upon, down from

title: تان


text:
សន្និបាត

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) meeting; assembly

title: សន្និបាត


text:
ܒܘܒܠܐ

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) buffalo; wild bull, ox

title: ܒܘܒܠܐ


text:
អ័ព្ភ

Etymology
From, from. . Compare also similar.

Noun

 * 1) thick and dark clouds
 * 2) fog

title: អ័ព្ភ


text:
เข้าตา

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Verb

 * 1)  to attract someone's attention, favour, or liking.

title: เข้าตา


text:
អ័ព្ភសន្និបាត

Etymology
🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) dark storm clouds

title: អ័ព្ភសន្និបាត


text:
ނަން

Etymology
Inherited from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) name
 * 2) appellation
 * 3)  noun

title: ނަން


text: Category:Dhivehi terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan


text: Category:Dhivehi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan


text:
ជើងខ្យល់

Etymology
🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) storm clouds

title: ជើងខ្យល់


text: pretparken

title: pretparken


text: pretparkje

title: pretparkje


text:
attractiepark

Etymology
Compound of.

Noun

 * 1) amusement park

title: attractiepark


text: attractieparken

title: attractieparken


text:
gyoijhom

Etymology
From 🇰🇲. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) banana

title: gyoijhom


text: Category:za:Zingiberales order plants

title: Category:za:Zingiberales order plants


text: Category:za:Commelinids

title: Category:za:Commelinids


text:
negrón

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) bruise; hematoma
 * 2) bruise (on a fruit)
 * 1) bruise (on a fruit)

title: negrón


text:
developer experience

Noun

 * 1)  A developer's feeling about their tools, processes, constrains etc, and how it impacts productivity.

title: developer experience


text:
joicdiangz

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) banana

title: joicdiangz


text: Category:pcc:Fruits

title: Category:pcc:Fruits


text: Category:pcc:Foods

title: Category:pcc:Foods


text: Category:pcc:Zingiberales order plants

title: Category:pcc:Zingiberales order plants


text: Category:pcc:Plants

title: Category:pcc:Plants


text: Category:pcc:Commelinids

title: Category:pcc:Commelinids


text: Category:Requests for etymologies in Bouyei entries


text: fornuizen

title: fornuizen


text: Category:Bouyei compound terms

title: Category:Bouyei compound terms


text:
kookplaat

Etymology
Compound of.

Noun

 * 1) cooktop, hob, hotplate

title: kookplaat


text: kookplaten

title: kookplaten


text: kookplaatje

title: kookplaatje


text:
statisticality

Noun

 * 1) The property of being statistical.

Translations

 * Greek: στατιστικότητα, στατιστικοσύνη

title: statisticality


text:
a máis ver

Etymology
It translates roughly as "Until I see you again" or "Until we see one another again".

Phrase

 * 1)  see you later

title: a máis ver


text:
thryven

Etymology
From, from. Cognates include 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) To acquire prosperity or fortune; to succeed.
 * 2) To be well or fit; to thrive and be active.
 * 3) To acquire a beneficial attribute or characteristic.
 * 4) To sprout, age or become bigger; to experience growth or development.
 * 5)  To intensify; to increase in magnitude.

Usage notes
Weak forms occasionally appear in this verb, but it generally remains strong.

title: thryven


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/terkʷ-

Root

 * 1) to turn, spin

Derived terms

 * *térkʷ-ti ~ *tr̥kʷ-én-ti
 * *torkʷ-éye-ti
 * *te-tórkʷ-e ~ *tr̥kʷ-ḗr
 * *térkʷ-e-ti
 * (< *terk-e-ti)
 * *térkʷ-os
 * (< *twerk-os)
 * *terkʷ-ús
 * *tŕ̥kʷ-os
 * *tórkʷ-mn̥-teh₂
 * *tоrkʷ-ós
 * *tórkʷ-tom
 * Unsorted formations:
 * *térkʷ-os
 * (< *twerk-os)
 * *terkʷ-ús
 * *tŕ̥kʷ-os
 * *tórkʷ-mn̥-teh₂
 * *tоrkʷ-ós
 * *tórkʷ-tom
 * Unsorted formations:
 * *tórkʷ-mn̥-teh₂
 * *tоrkʷ-ós
 * *tórkʷ-tom
 * Unsorted formations:
 * *tоrkʷ-ós
 * *tórkʷ-tom
 * Unsorted formations:
 * *tórkʷ-tom
 * Unsorted formations:
 * *tórkʷ-tom
 * Unsorted formations:
 * Unsorted formations:
 * Unsorted formations:


text: þriven

title: þriven


text: þrifenn

title: þrifenn


text: þryve

title: þryve


text: thryfe

title: thryfe


text: thryve

title: thryve


text: þryven

title: þryven


text: þryjven

title: þryjven


text: Category:ojp:Earth

title: Category:ojp:Earth


text:
Plotnick

Etymology
Variant of.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Plotnick is the 39773rd most common surname in the United States, belonging to 552 individuals. Plotnick is most common among White (93.3%) individuals.

title: Plotnick


text:
Plotnik

Etymology
From.

title: Plotnik


text: sukien

title: sukien


text: suknu

title: suknu


text: suknie

title: suknie


text: suknem

title: suknem


text: sukni

title: sukni


text: suknię

title: suknię


text: suknią

title: suknią


text: suknio

title: suknio


text: kropel

title: kropel


text: kropli

title: kropli


text: kroplę

title: kroplę


text: krople

title: krople


text:
ᠪᠠᡨᡠᡵᡠ

Etymology
Borrowed from. .

Noun

 * 1) an official title of the Qing dynasty, awarded to commanders and soldiers who fought bravely on the battlefield

Adjective

 * 1) brave

title: ᠪᠠᡨᡠᡵᡠ


text: kroplą

title: kroplą


text: kroplo

title: kroplo


text: kroplom

title: kroplom


text: kroplach

title: kroplach


text: kroplami

title: kroplami


text: matrose

title: matrose


text:
psychocultural

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to psychology and culture

title: psychocultural


text:
Reconstruction talk:Latin/ando

What is the source of the Italo-Western Romance conjugations of this verb and other Vulgar Latin words? It doesn't seem to be taken from any paper or book so I assume the editor created the table themselves (which is fine), but where could one learn about how these verbs are conjugated? I know that the forms derive rather straightforwardly from those of the Latin, but still. Animatronicity (talk) 08:48, 6 June 2019 (UTC)

title: Reconstruction talk:Latin/ando


text:
pterioidean

Noun

 * 1) Any bivalve mollusc of the superfamily

title: pterioidean


text: pterioideans

title: pterioideans


text: purpural

title: purpural


text:
Σέλαγος

Proper noun

 * 1)  Selagus, a character of the Iliad

title: Σέλαγος


text:
quaternalize

Verb

 * 1) To convert to quaternal form

title: quaternalize


text: quaternalized

title: quaternalized


text:
خجول

Adjective

 * 1) bashful
 * 2) ashamed

title: خجول


text:
radioresponsivity

Noun

 * 1) The condition of being radioresponsive
 * 2) The degree of radioresponsiveness

title: radioresponsivity


text: rasterplot

title: rasterplot


text:
raster plot

Noun

 * 1) A graphical plot using raster graphics

title: raster plot


text: readcount

title: readcount


text: readcounts

title: readcounts


text:
ᡨᡝᠯᡝᠩᡤᡠᡨ

Etymology
Borrowed from or.

Noun

 * 1)  Telengits
 * 2)  Telengit

title: ᡨᡝᠯᡝᠩᡤᡠᡨ


text:
read count

Noun

 * 1)  A count of the sequence of bases read in a genomic analysis

title: read count


text:
quichjuin

Noun

 * 1) a type of

title: quichjuin


text:
reniculate

Adjective

 * 1)  Having reniculi

Derived terms

 * reniculate kidney

title: reniculate


text: reniculated

title: reniculated


text:
tradussion

Noun

 * 1) translation

title: tradussion


text: quichꞌuaa

title: quichꞌuaa


text: Category:azg:Ants

title: Category:azg:Ants


text: Category:azg:Insects

title: Category:azg:Insects


text: Category:azg:Arthropods

title: Category:azg:Arthropods


text:
tradùe

Verb

 * 1) to translate

title: tradùe


text:
رفس

Verb

 * 1)  to kick
 * 2)  to kick in the chest
 * 1)  to kick in the chest

title: رفس


text:
rethrombosis

Noun

 * 1)  A second or subsequent thrombosis

title: rethrombosis


text:
ὀρόβινος

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) made of bitter vetch

title: ὀρόβινος


text:
蜂目豺聲

Etymology
From :

Idiom

 * 1) having a fierce appearance and a frightening voice; ferocious

title: 蜂目豺聲


text:
retinogeniculostriate

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to the retina and the geniculostriate pathway

title: retinogeniculostriate


text:
geniculostriate pathway

Noun

 * 1)  A group of axons that connect neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus to the primary visual cortex

title: geniculostriate pathway


text:
retinophilin

Noun

 * 1)  A phosphoprotein in the photoreceptors of fruit flies

title: retinophilin


text: 蜂目豺声

title: 蜂目豺声


text:
rhamnomannan

Noun

 * 1)  A mannan derived from rhamnose

title: rhamnomannan


text: rhamnomannans

title: rhamnomannans


text:
tradissional

Adjective

 * 1) traditional

title: tradissional


text:
rhinotopy

Noun

 * 1) The spatial organization and mapping of the olfactory system

Related terms

 * rhinotopic

title: rhinotopy


text:
rhinotopic

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to rhinotopy

title: rhinotopic


text:
φάσκωλος

Etymology
It seems formally evident to connect, in which case the bag would have denominated after a skin from which the hairs have not been removed. Pokorny connects also. A origin seems probable.

Noun

 * 1) wallet, scrip, leathern bag

title: φάσκωλος


text: ribolysation

title: ribolysation


text: ribolysed

title: ribolysed


text:
rifametane

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  The antibiotic 3-azinomethyl-rifamycin.

title: rifametane


text:
tradission

Noun

 * 1) tradition

title: tradission


text:
linh dương hoẵng

Etymology
🇰🇲..

Noun

 * 1) duiker

title: linh dương hoẵng


text:
rotavation

Noun

 * 1) The action, or the result, of rotavating

title: rotavation


text:
vliegtuigslurf

Etymology
Compound of.

Noun

 * 1)  jet bridge

title: vliegtuigslurf


text:
ἐμφύτευσις

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) tenure of an, a type of hereditary leasehold in Roman law

title: ἐμφύτευσις


text: Category:mk:Landforms

title: Category:mk:Landforms


text: Category:be:Landforms

title: Category:be:Landforms


text: ransels

title: ransels


text: Category:uk:Landforms

title: Category:uk:Landforms


text:
rugtas

Etymology
Compound of.

Noun

 * 1) rucksack, backpack

title: rugtas


text: rugtassen

title: rugtassen


text: rugzakken

title: rugzakken


text:
salutogenically

Adverb

 * 1) In a salutogenic manner

title: salutogenically


text:
Talk:×

Pronunciation of multiplication-related senses
See: - -sche (discuss) 10:09, 6 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Tea_room/2019/June (for 2 x 4) pronounced "by"(?)
 * Tea room/2014/October (for 10x, 2x the capacity, etc) pronounced "x"

Logical conjunction
It's the logical conjunction according to the wikipedia article https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_conjunction --Backinstadiums (talk) 10:36, 6 April 2020 (UTC)

Pronunciation of hybrid cultivars etc.
Tell us, please, how the sign is read aloud in these contexts! Even if I were to take recorded botany lessons right now you still should be surer about it, so it is easier, more efficient and more reliable to ask. Fay Freak (talk) 21:23, 14 August 2022 (UTC)
 * I would just pronounce it as the letter "x", but I can't say that's how anyone else might say it. Taxonomic names are notoriously variable in actual usage- no two people pronounce them exactly the same. Chuck Entz (talk) 21:32, 14 August 2022 (UTC)
 * Some possibilities are the pronunciations of by, cross, and x (all mentioned is discussion at Reddit, as well as the possibility of not pronouncing it at all). A horticulture site has it that Forsythia ×intermedia is pronounced like "hybrid species Forsythia intermedia. I cannot yet be sure of prevailing practice(s), but Missouri Botanical Garden ("MoBot") and Dave's Gardens both use x ("ex") in their pronunciations (eg. http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?taxonid=291997&isprofile=1&basic=Forsythia). I haven't checked whether any other hybrids listed there use the "ex" pronunciation. DCDuring (talk) 22:18, 14 August 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:×


text:
samaderine

Noun

 * 1)  Any of a group of quassinoids, some of which show antimalarial and antineoplastic activity.

title: samaderine


text: samaderines

title: samaderines


text:
Ἅλαισα

Proper noun

 * 1) Alaesa, Sicily, Italy

title: Ἅλαισα


text:
sarcosporidiosis

Noun

 * 1)  infection with the protozoan parasites of the genus.

title: sarcosporidiosis


text:
secoxyloganin

Noun

 * 1)  An antioxidant secoiridoid glycoside [(2S,3R,4S)-2-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-5-(methoxycarbonyl)-3-vinyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-4-yl]acetic acid

title: secoxyloganin


text: semirecumbant

title: semirecumbant


text: fotsceamol

title: fotsceamol


text:
serostudy

Noun

 * 1) A serological study

title: serostudy


text:
skewcrop

Verb

 * 1) To straighten and crop an image

title: skewcrop


text:
slaughterline

Noun

 * 1)  A line of animals progressing through a slaughterhouse.

title: slaughterline


text:
sorbable

Adjective

 * 1) That can be sorbed

Related terms

 * sorbability

title: sorbable


text: συσκέφθηκα

title: συσκέφθηκα


text:
spectrosomal

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to spectrosomes

title: spectrosomal


text:
spelaeogriphacean

Noun

 * 1) Any crustacean, of the order, that inhabit caves

title: spelaeogriphacean


text: spelaeogriphaceans

title: spelaeogriphaceans


text:
speleophilic

Adjective

 * 1) That preferentially inhabit caves

title: speleophilic


text:
maakauppa

Noun

 * 1) sale or trade of land

title: maakauppa


text:
maakellari

Noun

 * 1) root cellar

title: maakellari


text:
maakuntakaava

Noun

 * 1) region or county plan or layout

title: maakuntakaava


text:
maakuntamuseo

Noun

 * 1) region museum, county museum

title: maakuntamuseo


text:
maakuntaruoka

Noun

 * 1) a food or dish associated with a region or county

title: maakuntaruoka


text:
maakuoppa

Noun

 * 1) hole or pit in the ground
 * 2) root cellar

title: maakuoppa


text:
maalauskoristelu

Noun

 * 1) painted decoration, decorative painting

title: maalauskoristelu


text:
maalausruisku

Noun

 * 1) paint sprayer, painting spray gun

title: maalausruisku


text:
maalaustaide

Noun

 * 1) painting, art of painting

title: maalaustaide


text:
maalaustela

Noun

 * 1) paint roller

title: maalaustela


text:
maalausväline

Noun

 * 1) piece of painting equipment;  painting equipment

title: maalausväline


text:
maalöytö

Noun

 * 1)  a find or artifact found from the ground

title: maalöytö


text:
maamiesseura

Noun

 * 1) agricultural society organization devoted to the improvement or education of agriculture

title: maamiesseura


text:
maanmuokkausväline

Noun

 * 1) piece of tilling equipment;  tilling equipment

title: maanmuokkausväline


text:
maanäyte

Noun

 * 1) soil sample

title: maanäyte


text:
maarakenne

Noun

 * 1) ground structure

title: maarakenne


text: spermadine

title: spermadine


text:
dokkie

Etymology
Shortening of.

Noun

 * 1)  documentary
 * 2) * 2014, Leon van Nierop, Vuurvreter, LAPA Uitgewers (publ.).
 * "af"

- Sy spring op en klap hom saggies seen sy rug. “Dis fantasties! Dit gaan deel wees van ons dokkie. Hierdie skote is goud en...”

title: dokkie


text:
maarekisteri

Noun

 * 1)  land register, cadaster on rural properties; since 1985 combined with  to form the all-inclusive.

title: maarekisteri


text:
maasauna

Noun

 * 1) a sauna built in a pit in the ground

title: maasauna


text:
maaseutukulttuuri

Noun

 * 1) rural culture

title: maaseutukulttuuri


text:
maastotutkimus

Noun

 * 1) ground survey, field survey

title: maastotutkimus


text:
maataide

Noun

 * 1) land art

title: maataide


text:
maatalousnäyttely

Noun

 * 1) agricultural exhibition

title: maatalousnäyttely


text:
maatalousrakennus

Noun

 * 1) agricultural building

title: maatalousrakennus


text:
maatäyte

Noun

 * 1) ground filling, dirt filling

title: maatäyte


text:
mahavyö

Noun

 * 1) bellyband

title: mahavyö


text:
mainosgrafiikka

Noun

 * 1) advertising graphics

title: mainosgrafiikka


text:
mainoskilpi

Noun

 * 1) advertising sign

title: mainoskilpi


text:
mainoskuva

Noun

 * 1) advertising picture, promotional picture

title: mainoskuva


text:
maisterinsormus

Noun

 * 1) a (golden) ring traditionally awarded to and worn by a

title: maisterinsormus


text:
sphingobacterial

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to sphingobacteria

title: sphingobacterial


text:
maitokamari

Noun

 * 1) a chamber where milk is or was stored

title: maitokamari


text:
majakkalyhty

Noun

 * 1) lighthouse lantern

title: majakkalyhty


text:
majoitusliike

Noun

 * 1) accommodation establishment

title: majoitusliike


text:
makkaranvalmistus

Noun

 * 1) sausage making

title: makkaranvalmistus


text:
makkarasarvi

Noun

 * 1) a small funnel made of horn used while making sausages

title: makkarasarvi


text:
makrofossiilianalyysi

Noun

 * 1) macrofossil analysis

title: makrofossiilianalyysi


text:
makuulava

Noun

 * 1) a wooden platform for sleeping

title: makuulava


text:
mallassauna

Noun

 * 1) a type of sauna not used for bathing but as a distillery to make alcohol from malt

title: mallassauna


text:
mallikirja

Noun

 * 1) pattern book

title: mallikirja


text:
mallinrakennus

Noun

 * 1) model building

title: mallinrakennus


text:
mallipiirustus

Noun

 * 1) modeling, model drawing

title: mallipiirustus


text:
mamsellimylly

Noun

 * 1) a type of tower mill that has bearings between the cap and the base

title: mamsellimylly


text:
etikettivirhe

Noun

 * 1) breach of etiquette, faux pas

title: etikettivirhe


text:
läskisoosi

Etymology

 * compare 🇨🇬

title: läskisoosi


text:
squamoadenocarcinoma

Noun

 * 1)  squamous adenocarcinoma

title: squamoadenocarcinoma


text:
sianlihakastike

Noun

 * 1) a stew or sauce made of pork chops grilled or browned in butter with onions and flour

title: sianlihakastike


text:
stonustoxin

Etymology
Derived from, (where it was investigated), and.

Noun

 * 1) A toxin, related to perforin, present in stonefish.

title: stonustoxin


text:
subarchesporial

Adjective

 * 1) Located beneath an archesporium

title: subarchesporial


text: submembranal

title: submembranal


text: supersternal

title: supersternal


text:
symphyseally

Adverb

 * 1) In a symphyseal manner

title: symphyseally


text: 鐵心石腸

title: 鐵心石腸


text: 铁心石肠

title: 铁心石肠


text:
synganglial

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to a synganglion

title: synganglial


text:
luci, motore, azione

Interjection

 * 1) lights, camera, action

title: luci, motore, azione


text: kompasje

title: kompasje


text: kompasjes

title: kompasjes


text: kompasse

title: kompasse


text:
wijnruit

Etymology
Compound of.

Noun

 * 1) rue, common rue

title: wijnruit


text:
wynruit

Etymology
From. Equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) rue, common rue

title: wynruit


text: ἀνέκαμψα

title: ἀνέκαμψα


text:
kolenschop

Etymology
Compound of.

Noun

 * 1) A coal shovel.
 * 2)  A large hand.

title: kolenschop


text: kolenschoppen

title: kolenschoppen


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tъrkъ

Etymology
From, from.

Noun

 * 1) sudden move, shift
 * 2) run

Descendants

 * South Slavic:

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tъrkъ


text: pincetje

title: pincetje


text: pincetjes

title: pincetjes


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tъrčiti

Etymology
From, semantically influenced by (whence 🇨🇬).

Verb

 * : to move abruptly
 * 1)  to prompt, to spur

Descendants

 * South Slavic:

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tъrčiti


text:
spørrepronomen

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  an interrogative pronoun

title: spørrepronomen


text:
Wiktionary talk:About Ottoman Turkish

Unicode, not clear what should be used
Looking on your list of wrong scripts in Ottoman links, which seems to correspond to a correct observation of the practice, I must say that I am not sure though who has thought out the rule that Ottoman Turkish, on the internet, should use U+0643 ARABIC LETTER KAF and not U+06A9 ARABIC LETTER KEHEH, but U+06CC ARABIC LETTER FARSI YEH. That of course corresponds to the Wikipedia page (as also on Wikipedia in other languages); U+0643 ARABIC LETTER KAF does not correspond in shape to U+06AF ARABIC LETTER GAF which also used here but to U+06AD ARABIC LETTER NG which is also used here because it was used for the velar nasal /ŋ/, e.g. in ; funny, this last is the only entry of Category:Ottoman Turkish letters – for other letters, we are not completely sure which should get an entry. Also we use U+0647 ARABIC LETTER HEH with Zero-width non-joiner while I have seen on texts transcribed to the internet U+06D5 ARABIC LETTER AE in this place, which corresponds to the current usage in and Kazakh; however they also use U+06BE ARABIC LETTER HEH DOACHASHMEE and U+0647 ARABIC LETTER HEH. This rather confounds me and I give no recommendation, which I should not do anyway because of lacking Ottoman experience, I just continued to use the encoding that was already on Wiktionary, however almost all entries had been entered by. Currently we count 1,115 pages with Ottoman Turkish lemmas, I just added some 300 for etymological crosslinks.

If some people will seriously start Ottoman work, they need to sort out which Unicode they want to use. This of course all strengthens my opinion that Unicode has been wrong to encode all separately here, like in many places (remember the big blooper of encoding many Greek letters twice). The distinctions between the various /k/ letters should be a function of the langcode and solved by markup, like the Cyrillic /b/ is not encoded separately for Russian and Serbian, Bulgarian – though it usually looks different in print, this is solved on the internet aptly by markup. Fay Freak (talk) 12:04, 6 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Generally I think Unicode tries to make texts display correctly without using different fonts for different languages. This would not be true if Persian and Arabic used the same character for their letter. Not sure about the Cyrillic issue you mention, though. — Eru·tuon 18:49, 6 June 2019 (UTC)

Looking a bit on scans of books on manuscripts, it seems that at the end, they indeed wrote and printed the kāf like in Arabic. The printing resembles mostly the Arabic printing. However there are also examples of printing that resemble Persian, and especially in handwriting the Persian forms seem very popular. The gāf was also readily employed in handwriting at the end; though at the same time I find specimens of Arabic kāf ك. They probably were under impression of Qurʾān manuscripts, but at the same time the access to Persian culture was more direct. It all corresponds to the general notion that an educated Ottoman person would know Persian and Arabic at the same time and both layers could be used for loans.

I note that even for Arabic in the 19th century, in printing the used forms where not clearly standardized. One also finds Arabic books where there is no but always the dotted yāʾ ; similarly I have found Ottoman printing where the ye is always dotted at the end, but this is clearly non-standard and dispreferred. Fay Freak (talk) 13:54, 6 June 2019 (UTC)

If we extrapolate what would have happened had the alphabet not been reformed, I assume the Turks would now consistently use the Arabic kāf and U+06CC ARABIC LETTER FARSI YEH and U+06AF ARABIC LETTER GAF as this is the trend by the 20th century, and it is definitely not wrong to have it so on Wiktionary, though this is perhaps not classical Ottoman. We have Ottoman Turkish here at its latest. But I doubt how the /h/ writing would be implemented. Fay Freak (talk) 15:57, 6 June 2019 (UTC)
 * So do you think it would at least be okay to replace (U+064A, yeh) with  (U+06CC, Farsi yeh) and  (U+06A9, keheh) with  (U+0643, kaf) in Ottoman Turkish? If so, I can add those replacements to the script that I have used for other languages. — Eru·tuon 18:23, 6 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Yes. Fay Freak (talk) 18:24, 6 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Okay, I'm starting on that. — Eru·tuon 18:35, 6 June 2019 (UTC)
 * I was wondering if I should also replace (U+0649, alef maksura) with  (U+06CC, Farsi yeh). I guess so based on . — Eru·tuon 19:33, 6 June 2019 (UTC)

Also found a few Ottoman Turkish entries with the wrong characters in the title: {"chars":["ي"],"title":"اختيار"} {"chars":["ک"],"title":"ایکی"} {"chars":["ي"],"title":"بايقوش"} {"chars":["ي"],"title":"تصديق"} {"chars":["ي"],"title":"تفسير"} {"chars":["ى"],"title":"صارغى"} {"chars":["ي","ي"],"title":"قيزغين"} {"chars":["ى"],"title":"ماوى"} {"chars":["ي"],"title":"نصيحت"} {"chars":["ي"],"title":"پين"} I guess those should be moved, but my script doesn't do that. — Eru·tuon 19:22, 6 June 2019 (UTC)

Finished replacing (U+064A, yeh) with  (U+06CC, Farsi yeh),  (U+06A9, keheh) with  (U+0643, kaf),  (U+0649, alef maksura) with  (U+06CC, Farsi yeh). Now much of what remains in the list is terms written in Latin script, which should be moved to transliteration parameters. — Eru·tuon 20:43, 6 June 2019 (UTC)

Finished moving Latin-script Ottoman Turkish terms to transliteration parameters. — Eru·tuon 18:13, 8 June 2019 (UTC)

Transliteration
Moved from Talk:جلاد

 * Hi. Why is Ottoman Turkish translit "cellat", not "cellad", at least? Do you base the transliteration entirely on modern Turkish? I can see you made WT:AOTA but should some consonants, at least be transliterated as they are spelled? --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 07:26, 13 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Because it is transcription, not translit (using tr, but it isn’t necessarily for transliteration if ts isn’t present, like before). Here you clearly see from its descendants that it was devoiced, even if most original Ottoman dictionaries transcribed otherwise – Turkish “transcriptions” before Modern Turkish cannot be trusted, they just converted the graphs into Latin letters and e.g. transliterate “dimɛk” when it is clearly inherited from  and pronounced /e/ unchanged up to Modern Turkish: Meninski already as some others writes it is “vulgarly” pronounced demɛk, which is apparently to be understood “in RL always heard demɛk, dimɛk is a learned fiction of bookscholars”, same situation with  which isn’t even always spelled with . Or they disregard labial harmony and transcribe  as kedi otı (the inflectional endings in Ottoman had consistent spelling defying harmony), as if labial harmony were only to be invented by evil reformers. Transliterating as spelled without transcribing as spoken is misleading. Because it is a bit that the Ottomans did not even have spelling but used logographs. Like in  there is no point to transliterate  – what would you “transliterate” there?  has not been spoken in Turkish. Fay Freak (talk) 12:50, 13 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Thank you. This policy is better than no policy. I understand the rationale but this may be challenged by others later on. If you look at WT:FA TR, it addresses various letters one by one. It may be hard to do but perhaps you may want to mention in the policy some discrepancies between written and transliterated symbols with some examples. The actual spelling (and corresponding transliterations) may also helpful to understand the original Turkish or the source language pronunciation and spelling, please take this into account. Persian transliterates ع with an apostrophe, even if it's not pronounced but it may be ignored in Urdu, if it follows Hindi transliteration entirely. --Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 00:06, 14 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Glottal stops have been pronounced even in Modern Turkish (usually without being signified in the Latin script), now old-fashioned. The Routledge grammar Turkish by Göksel-Kerslake writes in 2005: “The glottal stop survives mainly in the speech of some elderly speakers, and is going out of usage. It is confined to words of Arabic origin, and mostly to those in which it is intervocalic.” Thus according to them is . Apparently not in that word  (there  is /j/ as implied or lengthens the previous vowel in variants). I have not yet assessed how to represent it in transcription.  Fay Freak (talk) 13:45, 14 August 2020 (UTC)
 * Hello @Atitarev. It is not just Persian, but the Turkish latin alphabet used to mark it as well, up until the 1960s. See the following excerpt:
 * "After the introduction of the new alphabet, the apostrophe (kesme işareti, koma işareti) was originally employed to transliterate the Arabic letters hamza and ayn, as in mes’ele ‘issue’ and mes’ut ‘happy’. (...) At a first stage, the apostrophe constitutes a phonographic marker for the transliteration of hamza and ayn in Arabic and Persian loanwords (san’at ‘art’). At a second stage, the apostrophe is gradually refunctionalized as a morphographic marker in proper names (Ankara’da ‘in Ankara’). At a final stage, the apostrophe is absent from Arabic and Persian loanwords (san’at > sanat ‘art’) and is mainly associated with inflected proper names. The absence of the apostrophe with Arabic and Persian loanwords reflects the loss of the glottal stop in spoken Turkish. After vowels, glottal stop deletion can be accompanied by compensatory vowel lengthening. This is the case with tesir [tɛːsiɾ] ‘effect’ and malum [maːlum] ‘known’, which originally contained hamza and ayn, respectively (Steuerwald 1964: 117, 120; Lewis 1967: 14). The glottal stop still occured in the 1960s with old-fashioned words such as kur’a ‘prize draw’ (Steuerwald 1964: 23, 122–123). Today, it is mainly found among older speakers (Kornfilt 1997: 488–489)."
 * It may be possible to make use of the same style on Wiktionary, given that it was certainly pronounced by speakers of Ottoman Turkish and has precedent in Turkish orthography. Samiollah1357 (talk) 17:43, 11 September 2023 (UTC)
 * “Ottoman Turkish” covers a long period, and we don't really know about the historical pronunciations. Also, it's not just Modern Turkish, it's New Ottoman Turkish too, so, taking it as transliteration/transcription basis is, to the contrary, is a right move. But we can think of other solutions for earlier pronunciations that we are, to some extent, sure about. Dohqo (talk) 11:40, 16 June 2022 (UTC)

Fay Freak, I expect you to rework this page and bring it into accordance with the current state of the field. Since you took on to write a policy page on Ottoman Turkish, that is to say. Allahverdi Verdizade (talk) 14:41, 13 January 2021 (UTC)
 * I don’t know what you mean. Also I don’t think there even is a field, especially in so far as could influence a policy concerning the encoding of Ottoman on the web. Fay Freak (talk) 15:09, 13 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Here are just a small number of things to consider:

Allahverdi Verdizade (talk) 15:26, 13 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Rewrite so that it doesn't look like an essay or collection of thoughts, but like an actual introduction to the language on Wiktionary, written in clear and comprehensible English language. Introduce the language, get straight to the point, when was it spoken, where and by whom. Remove all irrelevant and erroneous statements, such as reference to the Azerbaijani language or the claim found in the first sentence giving the impression that Armenian alphabet was widely used to write Ottoman. Remove the erroneous statement that "/ɛ/ and /e/ were distinguished in Ottoman Turkish". Rewrite the section 'its like modern Turkish' with the understanding that transliteration is not the same thing as transcription.
 * Lexicographic sources, where to find them and how to use them.
 * Read and write about alternative forms and how they should be lemmatized.
 * How Arabic and Persian terms should be translitterated.
 * What steps should be taken on the unification of the Ottoman translitteration.
 * How compounds should be written (ZWNJ or a single space? Dash?), ,
 * How Turkish and Gagauz terms should be linked to Ottoman.
 * I deny that it contains irrelevant or erroneous statements. Probably your interpretations are irrelevant or erroneous. The Armenian alphabet was widely used to write Ottoman. The fact that Ottoman Arabic printing only started after 1800 while Armenian existed before and even provided for the first printed Ottoman Turkish novel is highly relevant, if only owing to the fact that few people even realize it. It’s a problem that the last century of the language’s use is so prominent.
 * Lexicographic sources can be done – like on About Arabic? I thought people don’t like this bloat. Myself I consider it a burden, although people find it useful.
 * “How Arabic and Persian terms should be translitterated.” – how is that relevant? But the difference between Ottoman and Iranian Azerbaijani script forms is a relevant consideration. There is a problem in Turkish and Azerbaijani ending up at Old Anatolian Turkish but Azerbaijani, alternatively Turkish, ending up under a different encoding of kāf.
 * “What steps should be taken on the unification of the Ottoman translitteration.“ I don’t know what that means. Use transcriptions like Modern Turkish for example, that is very practicable.
 * “How compounds should be written (ZWNJ or a single space? Dash?)” Like they were written, as with every other language. I can’t decide that it shall be done always in one of the possibilities.
 * “How Turkish and Gagauz terms should be linked to Ottoman.“ Why not in the descendants section? Fay Freak (talk) 15:41, 13 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Turkish in Armenian script was indeed widespread. More than 2500 books were printed starting from 1727. 130 periodicals were published. But it was used only by Armenians and a few Turks who had learned the script to be able to read newspapers. --Vahag (talk) 17:32, 13 January 2021 (UTC)

 * ... whether Arabic loanwords should be generally considered to have come in via Persian; whether or  should be used for such words; whether it is permissible to set borrowing directly from Arabic/via Persian if one does not know exactly. Allahverdi Verdizade (talk) 16:08, 13 January 2021 (UTC)

Transliteration
What does this mean? "Transcribe as though it were Modern Turkish, and according to the pronunciation how ever inferred."

But it's not Modern Turkish and differs from Modern Turkish in many aspects, most importantly the alphabet. Ottoman Turkish has 2 "D" sounds, 2 "G" sounds, 3 "H" sounds, 2 "K" sounds, 3 "S" sounds, 2 "T" sounds and 3 "Z" sounds, whereas Modern Turkish has 1 for all except G and K, which have their own IPA symbolizations and for good reason. Are the letter Kaf and Kef both supposed to be transliterated as "K" for instance, when all sources use Q for Kaf and K for Kef? Arabic and Persian transliterations use Ḳ and K; same symbols are displayed at the Wikipedia entry for Ottoman Turkish. Is this already established table supposed to be followed, or do we "Modern Turkish-ify" all transliterations on virtually the same website? Orexan (talk) 12:53, 23 February 2023 (UTC)
 * You write nonsense. Transcription refers to the language and not the alphabet, otherwise it would be transliteration, the distinction of which you seem to principally know, falling back to this term in the last sentence. What you refer to as “sounds” are only the consonant signs of the alphabet, which to repeat by romanization is pointless. “All sources” use such a romanization in so far as they do not print the Arabic alphabet spelling but make it reconstructable from their romanizations (academic publishing sucks). So on Wiktionary you are supposed to represent in tr what you think it was supposed to be pronounced. Reason is also that editors copy-paste between Modern Turkish and Ottoman entries, thus save their attention to only mark differently what was actually differently pronounced. I am sure have appreciated this circumstance, visibly allowing them to add larger amounts of entries in both Ottoman and post-Ottoman Turkish than they would have added if they had been vexed by unnecessarily distinctly styled transcriptions, while maintaining sanity by reason of not juggling between systems, instead staying aware of the oral nature of the language. Fay Freak (talk) 16:17, 23 February 2023 (UTC)
 * So in the Etymology section of an item in Turkish to refer to the Ottoman origin, are we to show "tr=" as "soğuk" of a word spelled as "صوغوق", even though this isn't how it was pronounced in Ottoman and it's not what I think it was supposed to be pronounced. Writing this as "soğuk" doesn't make any sense to me, because Sad isn't the same as Sin, nor Kaf same as Kef etc. Are we to ignore all nuance in pronunciation and just show modern adaptations? Orexan (talk) 18:24, 23 February 2023 (UTC)
 * Then you think wrong. soğuk represents the Ottoman pronunciation perfectly, although and because it was more often /ɣ/ than today’s mute pronunciation and some other words had /ɡ/ while Modern Turkish has /ğ/, neither was Sad differently pronounced from Sin etc., there is no “nuance”, there is only  and ; the later is present in the Arabic language from which the characters have been taken but not in Turkish, while for  and  it is not phonematic but they are positional allophones hence to be predicted by the vowels surrounding them, apart from the original spelling we also give allowing prediction. You just thought wrong all the time. Does not surprise me, earlier, another driveby editor contended that there was no ö or ü either in Ottoman. People don’t actually learn anything in school. Fay Freak (talk) 20:13, 23 February 2023 (UTC)
 * "neither was Sad differently pronounced from Sin"
 * This is just utterly false.
 * "while for ق and ك it is not phonematic but they are positional allophones hence to be predicted by the vowels surrounding them"
 * This is somehow admitting you're wrong, but simultaneously insisting you're right. You're saying vowels surrounding it change it, yet also say they're not different and should be shown with the same symbol.
 * "People don’t actually learn anything in school."
 * This is just a juvenile insult from someone, hiding behind internet anonymity, who's been given a sliver of responsibility on an online platform and now they think they're everyone's boss.
 * So at first I read this policy and thought I must be missing something, but now I'm convinced that it's completely illogical and unfounded. It's inventing a new system when there already is one that makes sense. I would understand it for simplicity or convenience sake, if other editors choose to do so for efficiency, they may. I don't mind putting proper markers, though.
 * Thank you for your time. Orexan (talk) 08:02, 24 February 2023 (UTC)
 * Then tell us how sad and sin were differently pronounced. If there was a difference then the phonologic science should provide you the vocabulary to express it.
 * Of course I insist I am right. Surrounding vowels change the pronunciation but not in a manner which distinguishes meaning (the definition of phoneme: the smallest unit distinguishing meaning); or if there are rare minimal pairs (which can only occur by means of foreign words) then the distinction bears almost no functional load. We don’t transcribe the in   differently either, in spite of it being changed in pronunciation by the surrounding vowel. Fay Freak (talk) 15:57, 24 February 2023 (UTC)

Other scripts
There are important dictionaries and a vast literature written in Ottoman-period Turkish using the Latin, Armenian, Cyrillic and Greek scripts. These often supply words and forms unattested in the Arabic script. For example Italo-Turkish bucciacgí (attested in 1611) = buçakcı is a by-form of, Armeno-Turkish = yüsük (attested in 1843) is a by-form of. We should devise a way to show these. One option is to list these under ===Alternative forms=== like this:. Another one is to normalize all Ottoman words to a modern-Turkish Latin spelling and list at that entry all the attested forms in various scripts like in. Yet another option is to list the alternative transcriptions supplied by other scripts on the headword line of the Arabic spelling, but that would be a lie and sometimes the Arabic-script version may not be attested at all. What do others think? Pinging Vahag (talk) 20:53, 21 March 2023 (UTC)
 * Category:Ottoman Turkish language allows the Armenian script. I would hesitate to add dictionary-only words in other scripts, especially Latin.  Do you have a use of եիւսիւք or only a mention?  I found it in dictionaries.  I suggest starting with an appendix page, Ottoman Turkish forms only attested in unsupported scripts.  If it grows large we can consider promoting its contents.  Vox Sciurorum (talk) 18:51, 22 March 2023 (UTC)
 * I agree with @Vox Sciurorum, I'd prefer avoiding the normalization of all the Ottoman words in other scripts too, since the official writing system during the Ottoman era was a variant of the Arabic one. In my opinion, it could be viewed as "historically inappropriate", but that's just my opinion. The use of an appendix page could be a useful way of showing Ottoman words in other scripts, but I wouldn't mind listing them under ===Alternative forms=== either. Thanks for this discussion Samubert96 (talk) 20:19, 23 March 2023 (UTC)
 * Appendix pages are where we banish non-useful curiosities. Transcribed Turkish is useful: it supplies words, forms and senses unattested in the Arabic script or attested earlier than in the Arabic script. Note especially the work of Rocchi on pre-Meninski Latin-transcribed Turkish, e.g., , , . He normalizes the Latin spelling into modern Turkish, e.g. bucciacgí > buçakcı.
 * Transcribed attestations help to explain the shapes of borrowings in other languages. For example bucciacgí /buçakcı/ explains Armenian instead of . Giazi, giasi, giaszi /cazı/ explains the -z- in Armenian and Laz descendants of.
 * They also supply old evidence for dialectal Turkish forms recorded in modern times. For example, Ottoman եիւսիւք /yüsük/ is recorded in Ankara and Çorum in as a dialectal form of.
 * I can't attest եիւսիւք /yüsük/ outside of dictionaries, but it certainly existed as the form is given as an alternative form of եիւքսիւք /yüksük/ and is supported by modern dialectological records.
 * We need to think of a way to incorporate this useful information in the Ottoman pages. Vahag (talk) 13:51, 25 March 2023 (UTC)
 * I had the same issue with Albanian sheh. It would be nice to have a way to show the variant's existence in the Ottoman Turkish entry somehow. I like the idea of listing them as alts, although I'm not sure about having them as full-fledged entries. Catonif (talk) 21:48, 22 August 2023 (UTC)

, I have written an automatic transliteration module for Ottoman Turkish in Armenian script. Would you take a look at the transliteration of these two pieces of text to check if anything contradicts our transliteration practice of the Ottoman Turkish in the Arabic script:

Book of Mormon (1901)

Don Quixote (1868)

--Vahag (talk) 20:40, 16 August 2023 (UTC)

 * As always I really appreciate your work here in the Wiktionary community. Even though I consider my knowledge on the Ottoman Turkish language still rather amateurish, I think that the transliteration from the Armenian script to the Turkish one is excellent, I didn't find errors or contradictions. The only word that puzzles me a bit is Sbanianın, mentioned in the Don Quixote passage, since it should be İspanyanın I guess, but other than this I think that your work proved to be really good. Samubert96 (talk) 18:38, 17 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Thanks. Do we transliterate ayn and hamza? In Armeno-Turkish, they are shown with a single apostrophe and a double apostrophe, respectively.
 * is a borrowing from . Vahag (talk) 19:54, 17 August 2023 (UTC)
 * I think they have to, being pronounced as a glottal stop. The editors have also used rings ʾ and ʿ, and zero, due to its non-pronunciation also being colloquially unmarked. I have not observed consistency. However, according to the same principle by which not the every distinction in the script is expressed, which to note is more on the, so only one sign for one phoneme should be used, i.e. ʼ for both like k instead of q, whereas on the other hand even the distinction between /ɛ/ and /e/ is levelled out by being transcribed the same. Fay Freak (talk) 20:57, 17 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Ok, both ayn and hamza will now transliterate to <ʼ>. Vahag (talk) 09:04, 18 August 2023 (UTC)

Some change proposals
. I'm sorry for whoever I missed. I'd like to propose some changes to this policy. Posting here, as I'm not sure what better place there might be. These are the ideas I can remember at the moment of writing this. They of course don't need to all pass together, each proposal should be considered individually. The exact wording will be worked on. Not being particularly drastic, there wouldn't be any pressing need to go back to all entries made thus far and go through the hassle of imposing the changes which pass. They would just be guidelines to bare in mind when creating new or editing existing entries. Catonif (talk) 16:53, 22 November 2023 (UTC)
 * 1) About the encoding, as already envisioned by the policy itself with "editors might later decide", I propose to lemmatise entries with گ and ڭ to ك, either leaving the distinction to the head or simply not using the two characters anywhere at all, which would be my preference, following the same principle for which we don't add tashkeel to headwords.
 * 2) All the other points are about transliteration. At the moment the section for transliteration is a bit hasty, so I'd like to expand a bit. Firstly I think we could formalise the usage of ʼ U+02BC MODIFIER LETTER APOSTROPHE (or some other apostrophe encoding) for hamza and 3ayn, as was already decided upon for MOD:ota-Armn-translit in the discussion above, and is already in place in a considerable number of entries.
 * 3) Allow circumflexes on â and û after k g l to infer consonantal change. The policy is currently unclear, as it seems to assume all circumflexes are used only to infer Arabic script spelling. In this condition they bare quite a significant pronounced value. Words like  would of course stay as lokum despire the  since ô isn't a Turkish letter. Similarly the distinction would still remain veiled also in cases where the consonant in question is word-final. This practice is also already quite widespread among entries.
 * 4) Disallow transcribing consonantal devoicing, assimilation and word-final degemination. This is supposed to be a transliteration after all. For example,  yet New Turkish bıçakçı,  yet NT velet,  yet NT şarampol,  yet NT hal. This is another very widespread but undocumented practice. Phonetic pricision is to be left to the pronunciation section.
 * How about transcribing qaf as q? How about the Arabic emphatic consonants in Arabic words (but not Turkish ones)? Allahverdi Verdizade (talk) 18:11, 22 November 2023 (UTC)
 * And may be use x (or ḫ) in Arabic and Persian words where appropriate. The Armenian script distinguishes q from k, and x from h. Vahag (talk) 19:53, 22 November 2023 (UTC)
 * So, does that mean you two agree with the points above? You haven't expressed yourself about them. About this new proposal, personally I would object since it's not what modern romanisations of OsmT do. Compare most notably the systems employed by R:tr:OTK and the works of Rocchi. Catonif (talk) 20:06, 22 November 2023 (UTC)
 * I don't know enough about Turkish or the Arabic script to comment on your initial proposals. Vahag (talk) 20:25, 22 November 2023 (UTC)
 * I support your suggestion only as part of a broader set of amendments to the transliteration which would also include my suggestions and the one that Vahag mentioned. It's bizarre to only amend the ones that you suggested (which are in themselves good) at the same time as opposing broader set of amendments that would take the separation of pronunciation and transliteration to its logical completion. Allahverdi Verdizade (talk) 20:45, 22 November 2023 (UTC)
 * At first I supported strict, reversible, scholarly transliteration systems that mechanically replaced native script's letters with Latin letters. But now I like systems that are closer to the pronunciation and explain the shapes of borrowings in other languages. I know the pronunciation should go to the etymon's pronunciation section, but usually the etymon is a redlink and even if it is a bluelink, it often doesn't have a pronunciation section, at least not the Ottoman Turkish. Additionally, it is far away from my beloved etymology and descendants sections.
 * It is confusing to say Armenian is borrowed from Turkish, because then people wonder why is it not borrowed as . For Armenian too I am thinking about bringing the transliteration scheme closer to pronunciation. I don't like seeing the monstrosity kiwvērčin in  when it is simply a Western Armenian orthography to say güverǰin. Fay Freak once said we don't have to be strict with the reversibility of the transliteration because unlike traditional sources we include the original script right beside it. We can cheat and sneak more useful information into the transliteration. Vahag (talk) 22:34, 22 November 2023 (UTC)
 * Why would we “take the separation of pronunciation and transliteration to its logical completion”? It did not occur to me to transliterate rather than transcribe in the first place, it is understood.
 * Even transcription might not hinder disregarding devoicing however, like Middle High German wrote devoicing but then German forwent it, the morphological spelling being more iconic. I don’t think in the categories of transcription and transliteration at all. Impractical confusing categories professors teach people to make exams about.
 * But transliteration would assume that the Arabic spelling is Ottoman, when at the same time it is Armenian spellings, and mostly audio. More inconsistency. The greatest point was to avoid manual adjustment of transcriptions since I know people like to copy Turkish and Ottoman transcriptions between each other, so it did accelerate entry creation with no loss, save of workload.
 * ḫ is probably better though than x … like for Turks, and dialect transcriptions, though I realize its being known from Azerbaijani (after Russian I suppose, while the IPA /x/ depends on Spanish according to myself after Lagarde on the page x, and the later Persian transcriptions are from the IPA alphabet, and Assyriological ~ Semitist ḫ is an organic development?).
 * As the about page gave the reasoning “No circumflex signs, since these are used in scholarly works for readers to infer the Ottoman spelling but this is not needed since in this dictionary we have the Ottoman Turkish alphabet right next” this was only valid in so far as the purpose of these spellings is to infer the Arabic spelling. It did not disallow and hence is widespread in the other contexts. There were other options like ḱ (ǵ, ľ?) I did not write any position about I made editors feel emboldened rather than confused. Fay Freak (talk) 22:53, 22 November 2023 (UTC)
 * Verdi, I understand how it may look bizarre as your "logical completion" seems to be Azeri, but modern scholarly romanisations of OsmT I'm accustomed with, namely Çağbayır and Rocchi I mentioned earlier, don't seem to embrace your additional amendments (if not to transliterate the Arabic language itself). Not saying they're not valid points, merely that they are not to be equated with the changes I proposed.
 * The situation of /x/ seems analogous to that of /ɛ/, both posing an actual pronunciation difference lost in Modern Standard Turkish and as a result not transcribed in modern scholarly romanisations. It doesn't seem analogous, on the other hand, to emphatics, which never suggested a separate pronunciation in the first place, and /ʔ/, which is still transcribed. If we are to transcribe either one of /x ɛ/ I suggest we transcribe both, though not as x ə, maybe ḫ ä?
 * Anyways, that definitely seems more controversial and complicated than whatever I'm trying to do now, which seems relatively trivial. About the practicality of copy-pasting transcriptions, I can see why one would value convenience, but I'd rather not overlook quality for quantity. If there are no oppositions to the initial points alone (esp. to point 1, which I think is the one with the greatest impact) I would go ahead and make the changes to the policy. Catonif (talk) 21:26, 23 November 2023 (UTC)
 * To me, your proposals seem uncontroversial incremental improvements. Go ahead if no one objects. I just wanted to use this opportunity to voice my s. Vahag (talk) 13:14, 24 November 2023 (UTC)
 * An opinion was sought, an opinion was given... Allahverdi Verdizade (talk) 13:19, 24 November 2023 (UTC)
 * Clarifying my position: transliteration in historical languages should transliterate, pronunciation should give historical pronunciations. Link to modern Turkish should be given in Descendants. That is, all Arabic letters should be properly transliterated. Possible exception are the emphatics in inherited Turkic vocabulary which were used to indicate frontedness of following vowels. But actually, those could also be transliterated properly, because transliteration =/= pronunciation (so if 'water' is spelled صو I don't see any problems with transliterating it as ṣu). This is still one step short of full transliteration which would leave out vowels, but I think this is a good place to stop. Understanding this will likely not be adopted, I nevertheless wanted to contribute to this festival of khotelkes. Allahverdi Verdizade (talk) 14:31, 25 November 2023 (UTC)
 * @Catonif RE Proposal #1. There definitely is an inconsistency on the platform with regards to entries containing these letters, which is understandable because the language itself had similar irregularities and inconsistencies among its users and dictionary writers. I'm not strongly leaning towards either way, but Ottoman Turkish used a version of the Perso-Arabic alphabet and these are individual letters in the OTA alphabet, not variations created with diacritics, like exists in Modern Turkish with "â, î, û". We do lemmatise Modern TR entries containing these as they are, when in my opinion we should follow the Russian model, where the word for example is lemmatised in the page, as they're only accents and circumflexes. Whereas with the OTA entries, these are separate letters. Not a 1:1 equivalent, but Persian entries containing these letters are lemmatised as they are. I'd rather گ and ڭ are used as they are but my main area of focus is Modern Turkish.
 * RE Proposal #2-3. Yes, this is a necessary change. The reason given on several occasions by the creator of the current policy more or less is "using accents would slow down entry creation, because copy-pasting takes too much time". But for some reason, after I said "I don't mind spending the extra time to copy-paste", some of the editors pinged under this section and some others have time and time again changed my entries/edits in a way to fit the policy. I thought we were in such a time crunch to create as many entries as possible that we couldn't even spare the extra time to copy-paste proper diacritics, but we find time to change others' entries or revert their changes with the sole purpose to have them conform the policy in this specific regard. In addition to consonant change and the apostrophe, long vowels also need to be indicated because there are examples of semantic change due to short/long vowels.
 * RE Proposal #4. Is it me or is the wording a little confusing? If what is meant is to transliterate as "bıçakcı" and  as "veled", I support it, except  is spelled with a "ق" and the proposed transliteration doesn't discern "ق" from "ك", and I have an issue with that. Orexan (talk) 16:25, 24 November 2023 (UTC)
 * #4: Because it is not a transliteration and you have generally two other ways to discern the spelling difference 1. by looking at the spelling 2. by vowel harmony, as it is conditioned. And it would be actually contradictory to distinguish that when other distinctions of little functional load, devoicing and assimilation of /n/ to /p/, are removed. Fay Freak (talk) 16:54, 24 November 2023 (UTC)
 * I have little knowledge of Ottoman Turkish to contribute but I know the transliteration is not looked after very well. What Fay Freak offered, is based on modern Turkish, which makes it easier (?) to match with Turkish but is heavily mismatched with the actual older spelling. Having said this. It's common to transliterate various letters phonetically, despite differences in spelling. Compare with modern Persian:
 * Letters, and  are transliterated as "s".
 * Letters and  are transliterated as "z".
 * Letters and  are transliterated as "t".
 * Letters and  are transliterated as "ğ".
 * Just saying it's not unique that multiple letters have the same value. Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 02:50, 25 November 2023 (UTC)
 * @Anatoli T. "Letters ق and غ are transliterated as "ğ"."
 * Every instance of Persian entry I have seen on Wiktionary containing "ق", start/middle/end of words, are transliterated as "q". Can you provide any examples for this Wikipedia table? Orexan (talk) 07:22, 25 November 2023 (UTC)
 * @Orexan: I should have made clear that and  are merged in modern standard Iranian but remains different in Dari, Classical Persian and Tajik. Per Persian_phonology: In modern Tehrani Persian (which is used in the Iranian mass media, both colloquial and standard), there is no difference in the pronunciation of غ and ق.
 * The link I gave above Persian transliteration is specific to modern Iranian. There's also a page for Dari/Classical in Persian transliteration/Dari.
 * The policy page changes reflects the module changes. Pls see how automated transliteration handles different varieties using specific language codes and only 'fa-ira' (Iranian Persian) produces "ğ".
 * or
 * The change to the module was made by @Sameerhameedy. There was no full endorsement yet but there are no many active Persian editors right now. Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 01:53, 26 November 2023 (UTC)
 * Also, even though most Persian entries use Iranian specific transliterations but "q" was used traditionally, since غ and ق differ in Classical Persian and Dari but the difference can be highlighted in translations sections where the varieties are nested under Persian, e.g. in tale, you can check nested Persian translations. Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 01:57, 26 November 2023 (UTC)
 * I made the changes to the policy, we may discuss in more detail all of our hotelkas on a second occasion. I made two additional changes I had forgot to mention in this discussion: (1) keeping the spaces of the Arabic spelling, whenever NT univerbates, and (2) disallowing capitalisation, following the practice of Arabic and Persian. Since, due to me forgetting at the time of creating this post, these have not been properly discussed upon, feel free to get rid of either if disagreed upon. Catonif (talk) 16:57, 26 November 2023 (UTC)
 * @Catonif: Did you mean those hotelkas? Anatoli T. (обсудить/вклад) 23:14, 29 November 2023 (UTC)
 * I'm sorry if I reply just now. I'd like to start off with saying that I don't really consider myself an expert in Ottoman Turkish language or Arabic and Persian scripts. Despite this, I agree with the majority of @Catonif's points, including the last two he mentioned: (1) keeping the spaces of the Arabic spelling and (2) disallowing capitalisation. But, as for your first proposal (lemmatise entries with گ and ڭ to ك), I share the same opinion of @Orexan, mainly because they are presented as separate letters in the Ottoman Turkish language, even though most historical dictionaries don't make this separation. Samubert96 (talk) 10:42, 27 November 2023 (UTC)
 * They are indeed theoretically separate letters, but given how rarely they employed, I believe the most sensible choice is to follow what most dictionaries do. I did not see much, but I've actually yet to find any dictionary, modern or old, using ڭ. Catonif (talk) 20:55, 29 November 2023 (UTC)
 * I am by no means an expert on Turkish or Ottoman TK, but from what I understand certain consonants in OT simply condition nearby vowels to be back vowels (according to Wikipedia these consonants are ح خ ص ض ط ظ ع غ ق) and other consonants condition front vowels (ت س ك گ ه). Since we already mark the front and back vowels that these consonants indicate, I understand why we'd chose not to distinguish them in translit. However, I do think it's a bit strange to distinguish them in the Armenian script but not the OT Arabic script. That kind of inconsistency is kinda weird tbh.
 * For the most part I support your proposal, but I do think it's weird to have major transliteration differences between the Arabic and Armenian script. Even Hindi and Urdu try to be similar despite their alphabets being very different. However, regarding your suggestion to lemmatize گ and ڭ to ك, I strongly disagree. I understand your reasoning but I think treating them them the way Hindi treats nuqtaless forms is a better approach. -  سَمِیر | Sameer  (مشارکت‌ها · بحث) 22:22, 30 November 2023 (UTC)
 * There are no transliteration differences between the Arabic and Armenian script. In Module:ota-Armn-translit I have implemented exactly the same rules as for Arabic script. The two should be kept in sync. The only out of sync feature now is the capitalization. Vahag (talk) 13:04, 1 December 2023 (UTC)
 * did you read our discussion here before implementing the changes to Module:ota-Armn-translit? We are trying to synchronize the transliteration of the Arabic and Armenian scripts. Vahag (talk) 07:48, 19 April 2024 (UTC)
 * I read this page but didn't reach this far down. The changes I made were for the sake of consistency anyway. I didn't see that ghayn was transliterated as ğ but rather as ġ, which is the basis of my change. My two cents on this issue would be to normalize the various kaf flavors into kaf, gaf, ñaf (and yaf being represented with kaf), and then to romanize each letter differently but with the base corresponding to modern turkish; i.e., do d ḍ g ġ h ḥ ẖ k ḳ n ñ s ṣ s̱ t ṭ z ẓ ẕ for د ض گ غ ه ح خ ك ق ن ڭ س ص ث ت ط ز ظ ذ respectively. Armeno-turkish, which distinguishes k ḳ and g ġ with some consistency and n ñ in older texts, should as said be transliterated the same, as mentioned. There might be room to do x instead of ẖ, since this letter isn't unknown to Turkish speakers, and it looks more pleasant anyway in my opinion. The circumflexes for palatalization are not useful if the letters are distinguished with a mark and the spelling normalized, but they should be retained for length, like in 'âciz. RagingPichu (talk) 11:16, 19 April 2024 (UTC)
 * You also added a նկ, նղ > ñ rule, which is now generating üzeñisini in the transliteration of the quote at . It is better to remove the automatic rule, otherwise all occurences of նկ, նղ will have to be tracked and manually overriden, which is an unnecessary pain. The beauty of the Armenian script as opposed to Arabic is that no manual work is needed. Vahag (talk) 15:41, 19 April 2024 (UTC)
 * I added that rule based on consistency too, actually. That beauty only works if it's consistent, which since նկ is ambiguous, it doesn't. ZWNJ can prevent the automatic rule from applying in examples, which I tested in, but it might be less desirable. If removing the automatic rule and maintaining the ambiguity is better, though, then it's better. RagingPichu (talk) 23:28, 19 April 2024 (UTC)
 * You also added a նկ, նղ > ñ rule, which is now generating üzeñisini in the transliteration of the quote at . It is better to remove the automatic rule, otherwise all occurences of նկ, նղ will have to be tracked and manually overriden, which is an unnecessary pain. The beauty of the Armenian script as opposed to Arabic is that no manual work is needed. Vahag (talk) 15:41, 19 April 2024 (UTC)
 * I added that rule based on consistency too, actually. That beauty only works if it's consistent, which since նկ is ambiguous, it doesn't. ZWNJ can prevent the automatic rule from applying in examples, which I tested in, but it might be less desirable. If removing the automatic rule and maintaining the ambiguity is better, though, then it's better. RagingPichu (talk) 23:28, 19 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Wiktionary talk:About Ottoman Turkish


text:
Reconstruction talk:Proto-Slavic/tъrčiti

Meaning "to push"
Check for the mixing of meanings. Безименен (talk) 21:56, 10 February 2023 (UTC)

Turkotać
Polish: turkotać, in the original meaning "turn around": the mills, wheels and such.

See e.g. https://www.nfjp.pl/lemma/turkotanie

Zezen (talk) 20:07, 16 July 2021 (UTC)


text: spørrepronomenet

title: spørrepronomenet


text:
กระเด็น

Verb

 * 1) to bounce off; to fly off.

title: กระเด็น


text: spørrepronomener

title: spørrepronomener


text:
døse

Verb

 * 1) to  drowse, to nod off

title: døse


text: spørrepronomenene

title: spørrepronomenene


text: spørrepronomena

title: spørrepronomena


text:
דיזנטריה

Noun

 * 1) dysentery

title: דיזנטריה


text:
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tъrkati

Etymology
Vasmer presumes onomatopoeic origin. Snoj derives it from, from a k-extension of (whence 🇨🇬). Possible influenced by. Related to 🇨🇬, perhaps.

Verb

 * 1)  to shove, to throb, to prod
 * 2)  to rub, to scrub

Descendants

 * East Slavic:
 * South Slavic:
 * West Slavic:
 * Sorbian:
 * South Slavic:
 * West Slavic:
 * Sorbian:
 * West Slavic:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:
 * Sorbian:

title: Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tъrkati


text: chlamyopsins

title: chlamyopsins


text: chloragosomes

title: chloragosomes


text: chloroadamantanes

title: chloroadamantanes


text: chloroadenosines

title: chloroadenosines


text: chloroanisoles

title: chloroanisoles


text: chloroperchas

title: chloroperchas


text:
lo comido por lo servido

Etymology
lit. 'the eaten for the served'.

Proverb

 * 1) what you lose on the swings you gain on the roundabouts

title: lo comido por lo servido


text: choanomastigotes

title: choanomastigotes


text: cholangiomas

title: cholangiomas


text: choledochs

title: choledochs


text: cholerics

title: cholerics


text: cholesterides

title: cholesterides


text: cholinesters

title: cholinesters


text: choliniums

title: choliniums


text: chondrioconts

title: chondrioconts


text: chondriosomes

title: chondriosomes


text: chondrodystrophias

title: chondrodystrophias


text: chondrofibromas

title: chondrofibromas


text: chondromodulins

title: chondromodulins


text: chondromyxomas

title: chondromyxomas


text: chondroproteins

title: chondroproteins


text: chondrostomes

title: chondrostomes


text:
อวบ

Adjective

 * 1) stout; plump.

title: อวบ


text:
aperrado

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1)  dogged, tenacious

title: aperrado


text: aperrados

title: aperrados


text: apicultoras

title: apicultoras


text: apicultora

title: apicultora


text: cow catcher

title: cow catcher


text: cow catchers

title: cow catchers


text:
teleglaucoma

Noun

 * 1) The application of telemedicine to glaucoma

title: teleglaucoma


text:
teleotoscope

Noun

 * 1) A telescopic otoscope

title: teleotoscope


text: teleotoscopes

title: teleotoscopes


text:
แปรรูป

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Verb

 * 1) to process; to transform; to transmute.

title: แปรรูป


text:
telereceptive

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to the detection and reception of stimuli distant from the body (typically, the senses of hearing, sight and smell).

title: telereceptive


text:
tendinopathogenesis

Noun

 * 1)  The production and development of tendinopathies

title: tendinopathogenesis


text:
หึ่ง

Adjective

 * 1) rotting; stinking.

title: หึ่ง


text:
Talk:balzaquiana

Quotation vs. definition
, your confusion is justified. The most likely interpretation is that “uma balzaquiana como se costuma dizer” refers to “além dos trinta” rather than “nada além dos trinta”. — Ungoliant (falai) 13:21, 6 June 2019 (UTC)
 * That is not a sign of great writing, in my opinion. Thanks for clarifying. —Μετάknowledge discuss/deeds 14:48, 6 June 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:balzaquiana


text: tenzide

title: tenzide


text:
เฉด

Etymology 1
th

Verb

 * 1) to chase away; to drive off; to expel.

Etymology 2
Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1)  water mimosa,.

Etymology 3
From.

Noun

 * 1)  color.
 * 2)  shade of color.

title: เฉด


text:
thermoanalyser

Noun

 * 1) A device that performs some form of analysis as a sample is heated

Related terms

 * thermoanalytical

title: thermoanalyser


text:
bouleuterion

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  A building in Ancient Greece, housing the boule council of citizens, where public affairs were discussed.

Translations

 * Italian:
 * Spanish: bouleuterión

title: bouleuterion


text:
thermoplasticization

Noun

 * 1) The process, or the result of thermoplasticizing

title: thermoplasticization


text:
thermoplasticize

Verb

 * 1) To plasticize by means of heat

Related terms

 * thermoplastic
 * thermoplasticization

title: thermoplasticize


text: thermoplasticized

title: thermoplasticized


text:
thoracopodal

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to a thoracopod

title: thoracopodal


text:
Template:R:cu:SS/documentation

Parameters

 * 1 Entry name (e.g. соти)
 * 2 Page (e.g. 6, 61, 619)
 * passage

title: Template:R:cu:SS/documentation


text: toracentesis

title: toracentesis


text: toxoplasmal

title: toxoplasmal


text:
triterpenoic

Adjective

 * 1)  Relating to a triterpenoid carboxylic acid or similar derivative

title: triterpenoic


text:
turbinotomy

Noun

 * 1)  incision into the turbinate bone

title: turbinotomy


text: turbinotomies

title: turbinotomies


text:
Talk:windjammer

Please supply references to support this definition
I found the current definition to be overly constrained, based on the references that I provided, which define a "windjammer" as a "sailing ship". Adding large size or metal hull does not comport with common usage. I'm fine with adding: "especially large iron-hulled sailing vessels". HopsonRoad (talk) 13:47, 6 June 2019 (UTC)
 * The references were exactly the problem. We're a descriptive dictionary based on usage, so, unlike the practice at Wikipedia, there's no need to regurgitate another dictionary's lengthy definition. See WT:CITE, WT:CFI. Chuck Entz (talk) 13:58, 6 June 2019 (UTC)
 * Thank you for your reply, Chuck Entz. I infer that it was the form of entry, not its content that was at issue. One of the references was a magazine, not a journal. The dictionary reference cited was briefer than the one reverted to. Would it not be appropriate to base the citation on a consensus of other dictionaries? Cheers, HopsonRoad (talk) 14:11, 6 June 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:windjammer


text:
boormachine

Etymology
Compound of.

Noun

 * 1) drill electrical or fuel-powered appliance for drilling holes

title: boormachine


text: boormachines

title: boormachines


text:
næringsvirksomhet

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) business activity

title: næringsvirksomhet


text:
이질

Noun

 * 1) dysentery

Noun

 * 1) sororal niece, sororal nephew
 * 2) Niece or nephew of one’s wife’s sister - niece-in-law, nephew-in-law

Noun

 * 1) heterogeneity

title: 이질


text:
User talk:HopsonRoad

Chuck Entz (talk) 13:58, 6 June 2019 (UTC)

title: User talk:HopsonRoad


text:
érvéghüvely

Noun

 * 1) electric wire ferrule, end terminal

title: érvéghüvely


text:
foezel

Etymology
Borrowed from or.

Noun

 * 1) inferior jenever, containing fusel oils

title: foezel


text: foezels

title: foezels


text:
foezelolie

Etymology
Compound of.

Noun

 * 1) fusel oil

title: foezelolie


text: foezeloliën

title: foezeloliën


text: kurkentrekkers

title: kurkentrekkers


text:
barco dragón

Noun

 * 1) dragon boat

title: barco dragón


text: barcos dragones

title: barcos dragones


text: næringsvirksomheta

title: næringsvirksomheta


text: næringsvirksomheten

title: næringsvirksomheten


text: næringsvirksomheter

title: næringsvirksomheter


text:
Category:sla-conj with extra parameters/inf

__HIDDENCAT__


text:
Category:sla-conj with extra parameters/noun

__HIDDENCAT__


text:
Category:sla-conj with extra parameters/t2

__HIDDENCAT__


text:
Category:sla-conj with extra parameters/t3

__HIDDENCAT__


text:
Category:sla-conj with extra parameters/t4

__HIDDENCAT__


text:
telefyzje

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Noun

 * 1) television

title: telefyzje


text: telefyzjes

title: telefyzjes


text:
Category:sla-conj with extra parameters/t5

__HIDDENCAT__


text:
Category:sla-conj with extra parameters/a

__HIDDENCAT__


text: næringsvirksomhetene

title: næringsvirksomhetene


text: tv'ke

title: tv'ke


text: tv'kes

title: tv'kes


text: museumke

title: museumke


text: museumkes

title: museumkes


text:
undskylde

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to excuse
 * 2)  to excuse/forgive something
 * 3)  apologize (for)

title: undskylde


text:
selitysaste

Noun

 * 1)  coefficient of determination

title: selitysaste


text:
testisuure

Noun

 * 1)  test statistic

title: testisuure


text:
బలహీనత

Noun

 * 1)  The condition of being weak - weakness

title: బలహీనత


text:
cụng

Verb

 * 1) to bump, to knock

Etymology 2
Occurs in dialects with ngã-nặng merger.

title: cụng


text:
Appendix:Quenya/halcin

Adjective

 * 1) frozen

title: Appendix:Quenya/halcin


text:
Appendix:Quenya/halda

Adjective

 * 1) veiled, hidden, shadowed

title: Appendix:Quenya/halda


text:
carpenting

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1)  The work or skill of a carpenter, carpentry.

title: carpenting


text:
Appendix:Quenya/halla

Adjective

 * 1) tall

Noun

 * 1) name of a tengwa letter

Usage notes
This letter represents the h- in hl and hr. It used to make those consonants voiceless, but is silent in Modern Quenya.

title: Appendix:Quenya/halla


text:
Appendix:Quenya/haloisi

Noun

 * 1) the sea in storm

title: Appendix:Quenya/haloisi


text:
Appendix:Quenya/haloitë

Adjective

 * 1) leaping

title: Appendix:Quenya/haloitë


text: carpentings

title: carpentings


text:
Appendix:Quenya/hamma

Noun

 * 1) chair

title: Appendix:Quenya/hamma


text:
Appendix:Quenya/hampa

Adjective

 * 1) restrained, delayed, kept

title: Appendix:Quenya/hampa


text:
Appendix:Quenya/hanaco

Noun

 * 1) giant

title: Appendix:Quenya/hanaco


text:
Appendix:Quenya/handa

Adjective

 * 1) understanding, intelligent

title: Appendix:Quenya/handa


text:
dogmàtic

Etymology
, from.

Adjective

 * 1) dogmatic

title: dogmàtic


text: dogmàtica

title: dogmàtica


text: dogmàtics

title: dogmàtics


text: dogmàtiques

title: dogmàtiques


text:
dogmàticament

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) dogmatically

title: dogmàticament


text:
Appendix:Quenya/handassë

Noun

 * 1) intelligence

title: Appendix:Quenya/handassë


text:
Appendix:Quenya/háno

Alternative forms

 * (colloquial)

Noun

 * 1) brother

title: Appendix:Quenya/háno


text:
Appendix:Quenya/hantalë

Etymolology
From.

Noun

 * 1) act of thanksgiving

title: Appendix:Quenya/hantalë


text:
filsafat

Etymology

 * From, , either constructed based on , or based directly on , compounded from ..
 * First vowel changed influenced by.

Noun

 * 1) an academic discipline that seeks truth through reasoning rather than empiricism.
 * 2) a view or outlook regarding fundamental principles underlying some domain.
 * 1) a view or outlook regarding fundamental principles underlying some domain.
 * 1) a view or outlook regarding fundamental principles underlying some domain.

Noun

 * 1)  philosophy academic discipline

title: filsafat


text: unhydrolysable

title: unhydrolysable


text: dimensionals

title: dimensionals


text:
salaliittoteoreetikko

Noun

 * 1) conspiracy theorist, conspiracist

title: salaliittoteoreetikko


text: unidimensionals

title: unidimensionals


text:
penjual

Etymology
From , from. Equivalent to.

Noun

 * 1) seller; vendor

Noun

 * 1) seller; vendor

title: penjual


text:
uniatrial

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to, or affecting only one atrium (of the heart)

title: uniatrial


text:
untransplantable

Adjective

 * 1) Not transplantable

title: untransplantable


text:
ureterorenoscopic

Adjective

 * 1) Relating to, or by means of ureterorenoscopy

title: ureterorenoscopic


text:
ahli sains

Noun

 * 1)  scientist

title: ahli sains


text:
diligentment

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) diligently

title: diligentment


text:
ilmuwan

Etymology
From. Attested before 1953.

Noun

 * 1) scientist

Noun

 * 1)  scientist

title: ilmuwan


text:
vasicinol

Noun

 * 1) The quinazoline derivative(3S)-1,2,3,9-tetrahydropyrrolo[2,1-b]quinazoline-3,7-diol related to vasicinone

title: vasicinol


text: vasicinolone

title: vasicinolone


text:
velatid

Noun

 * 1) Any sea star of the order

title: velatid


text: velatids

title: velatids


text:
velopalatal

Adjective

 * 1)  Relating to the soft palate

title: velopalatal


text:
pemberontakan

Etymology
Affixed, from.

Noun

 * 1) mutiny, rebellion, insurgence, insurrection, uprising, revolt

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) revolution; uprising

title: pemberontakan


text:
dilixentemente

Etymology
From.

Adverb

 * 1) diligently

title: dilixentemente


text:
ventricularis

Adjective

 * 1) ventricular

title: ventricularis


text:
dilixente

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) diligent

title: dilixente


text: dilixentes

title: dilixentes


text:
peti sejuk

Noun

 * 1)  refrigerator

title: peti sejuk


text:
lemari es

Etymology
From compound of, from. Cognate of 🇨🇬 and.

Noun

 * 1)  refrigerator

title: lemari es


text:
perakuan

Noun

 * 1) recommendation

title: perakuan


text:
pemberontak

Noun

 * 1) rebel

title: pemberontak


text:
xenoperfuse

Verb

 * 1) To undergo xenoperfusion

title: xenoperfuse


text: xenoperfused

title: xenoperfused


text:
xenoperfusion

Noun

 * 1)  with blood from another individual.

title: xenoperfusion


text:
gelombang mikro

Etymology
From,.

Noun

 * a

title: gelombang mikro


text: Template:RQ:Dante Boyd Divina Commedia

title: Template:RQ:Dante Boyd Divina Commedia


text:
pemproses mikro

Noun

 * 1) microprocessor

title: pemproses mikro


text:
strawberi

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) strawberry

Synonyms

 * strobèri

title: strawberi


text:
apendik

Noun

 * 1)  appendix

title: apendik


text:
lampiran

Etymology
Affixed, from.
 * for computer sense.

Noun

 * 1) attachment
 * 2) the means by which something is physically attached.
 * 3)  a file sent along with an email.
 * 4) appendix: a text added to the end of a book or an article, containing additional information.
 * 5) supplementary, ancillary, secondary, supplement.
 * 1) appendix: a text added to the end of a book or an article, containing additional information.
 * 2) supplementary, ancillary, secondary, supplement.
 * 1) supplementary, ancillary, secondary, supplement.
 * 1) supplementary, ancillary, secondary, supplement.
 * 1) supplementary, ancillary, secondary, supplement.

Noun

 * 1)  appendix text added to the end of a book

title: lampiran


text:
pundi hempedu

Noun

 * 1)  gall bladder

title: pundi hempedu


text:
pundi kencing

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  urinary bladder

title: pundi kencing


text:
kulup

Noun

 * 1) foreskin

Noun

 * 1)  foreskin

title: kulup


text:
kedvesség

Noun

 * 1) niceness, kindness, pleasantness

title: kedvesség


text:
perentak jantung

Noun

 * 1) pacemaker medical instrument

title: perentak jantung


text:
Template:RQ:Dante Boyd Divina Commedia/documentation

Usage
This template may be used in Wiktionary entries to format quotations from the first complete English translation of 's work The Divine Comedy, entitled The Divina Commedia of Dante Alighieri (1st edition, 1802, 3 volumes), which was prepared by Henry Boyd. It may be used to create a link to online versions of the work at Google Books:

 * Volume I.
 * Volume II.
 * Volume III.

Parameters
The template takes the following parameters:

 * 1 or volume – mandatory: the volume number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals, either I, II, or III.
 * 2 or canto, or chapter –
 * mandatory: if quoting from the main text of the work specify the canto number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals. The numbers restart from I in each volume.
 * if quoting from some other part of the work (for example, "The Life of Dante from " in volume I), use chapter to specify the name of the part.
 * stanza – the stanza number quoted from in uppercase Roman numerals.
 * 3 or page, or pages – mandatory in some cases: the page or range of pages quoted from. If quoting a range of pages, note the following:
 * Separate the first and last page number of the range with an en dash, like this: 110–111.
 * You must also use pageref to indicate the page to be linked to (usually the page on which the Wiktionary entry appears).
 * This parameter must be specified for the template to link to the online version of the work.

 * line or lines – the line number(s) quoted from in Arabic numerals. If quoting a range of numbers, separate the first and last number of the range with an en dash.
 * 4, text, or passage – the passage to be quoted from.
 * brackets – use on to surround a quotation with brackets. This indicates that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, "some people find the word manoeuvre hard to spell") rather than an actual use of it (for example, "we need to manoeuvre carefully to avoid causing upset"), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about related terms.

Examples

 * Wikitext:
 * ; or
 * Result:
 * Result:


text: Template:Dante Alighieri quotation templates


text:
Template:Dante Alighieri quotation templates/documentation

Usage
This navigation template may be placed at the ends of the documentation pages of quotation templates relating to 's works.


text:
Citations:carpent

?

 * 1878, Thomas Sinclair, The Mount: Speech from Its English Heights, page 75:
 * It says much for his quality that he stood up against the besetting sin of his country, as of all new polities, the love of the large ; but with carpented Columbiads unfortunately he condemned poetry not founded at all on the tour de force plan of ...

title: Citations:carpent


text:
諳厄利亜

Etymology
, probably from.

title: 諳厄利亜


text:
costnung

Etymology
From

Noun

 * 1) temptation

title: costnung


text:
forþrysmian

Verb

 * 1)  to choke, to suffocate

title: forþrysmian


text:
condicionament

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) conditioning

title: condicionament


text: condicionaments

title: condicionaments


text:
classisme

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) classism

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) classism

title: classisme


text: classismes

title: classismes


text: cardiovasculars

title: cardiovasculars


text: Category:Galician terms prefixed with cardio-


text:
barbut

Etymology
..

Adjective

 * 1) bearded

Noun

 * 1) barbet various species of birds in the infraorder

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) craps

title: barbut


text: barbuts

title: barbuts


text: barbudes

title: barbudes


text:
collonut

Etymology
From. Cognate to 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) ballsy
 * 2) great, fantastic

title: collonut


text: collonuda

title: collonuda


text: collonuts

title: collonuts


text: collonudes

title: collonudes


text:
panxut

Etymology
From. Cognate to 🇨🇬.

Adjective

 * 1) paunchy

title: panxut


text: panxuda

title: panxuda


text: panxuts

title: panxuts


text: panxudes

title: panxudes


text:
天狗熱

Etymology
, where the first part is a near-homophone of.

Noun

 * 1)  dengue fever

title: 天狗熱


text: 天狗热

title: 天狗热


text:
ventrut

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) paunchy

title: ventrut


text: ventruts

title: ventruts


text: ventrudes

title: ventrudes


text:
cellut

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) having large or thick eyebrows

title: cellut


text: celluda

title: celluda


text: celluts

title: celluts


text: celludes

title: celludes


text:
dentut

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) toothy having prominent teeth

title: dentut


text: dentuts

title: dentuts


text: dentudes

title: dentudes


text:
ulat gonggok

Noun

 * 1) millipede

title: ulat gonggok


text:
Ossètia

Proper noun

 * 1) Ossetia

title: Ossètia


text:
utdanningskoordinerende overlege

Noun

 * 1) director of postgraduate medical education, a management-level position at university hospitals in Norway

title: utdanningskoordinerende overlege


text: Adiguèsia

title: Adiguèsia


text: cream rinses

title: cream rinses


text: Baixkíria

title: Baixkíria


text:
Buriàtia

Proper noun

 * 1) Buryatia

title: Buriàtia


text: Txuvàixia

title: Txuvàixia


text:
Daguestan

Etymology
.

Proper noun

 * 1) Dagestan

title: Daguestan


text:
oxish

Adjective

 * 1)  Resembling or characteristic of an ox.

title: oxish


text:
República de l'Altai

Proper noun

 * 1) Altai Republic

title: República de l'Altai


text:
خطا

Verb

 * 1) to take a step forward, to step

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) error; fault; mistake

Etymology
, from. .

Noun

 * 1) a mistake; error; fault
 * 2) sin, crime
 * 3) oversight, slip
 * 4) a miss
 * 5) incorrect, wrong
 * 6)  counterexample
 * 1) incorrect, wrong
 * 2)  counterexample
 * 1)  counterexample

title: خطا


text:
กระดิก

Verb

 * 1) to wag; to wiggle.

title: กระดิก


text:
Calmúquia

Proper noun

 * 1) Kalmykia

title: Calmúquia


text: funnellings

title: funnellings


text: funnelings

title: funnelings


text:
Tex-Mexican

Adjective

 * 1) Of or relating to Tex-Mex cuisine.

Noun

 * 1) A resident of Texas who is of Mexican ancestry or citizenship.

title: Tex-Mexican


text: Tex-Mexicans

title: Tex-Mexicans


text: Texanized

title: Texanized


text: Texanizes

title: Texanizes


text: Texanizing

title: Texanizing


text:
Texanization

Noun

 * 1) The process of making something Texan.

title: Texanization


text:
powerviolence

Noun

 * 1) An extremely dissonant and fast subgenre of hardcore punk music, related to thrashcore and grindcore.

title: powerviolence


text:
Carèlia

Proper noun

 * 1) Karelia region in Russia and Finland

title: Carèlia


text:
put the bite on

Verb

 * 1)  To extort; to demand money from.

title: put the bite on


text: Template:R:pcc:BYHCD

title: Template:R:pcc:BYHCD


text: Category:Bouyei reference templates

title: Category:Bouyei reference templates


text:
ความชั่ว

Etymology
From.

title: ความชั่ว


text: Khakàssia

title: Khakàssia


text:
熟視無睹

Idiom

 * 1) to turn a blind eye to; to pay no attention to a familiar sight

title: 熟視無睹


text: 熟视无睹

title: 熟视无睹


text: shúshìwúdǔ

title: shúshìwúdǔ


text: Marí El

title: Marí El


text: meristoderms

title: meristoderms


text:
豺狼當道

Idiom

 * 1) dholes and wolves hold the road; wicked people in power; a tyrant rules the land

title: 豺狼當道


text:
Mordòvia

Proper noun

 * 1) Mordovia

title: Mordòvia


text:
actantially

Adverb

 * 1) In terms of actants.

title: actantially


text:
Ossètia del Nord

Proper noun

 * 1) North Ossetia-Alania

title: Ossètia del Nord


text:
joic

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 or, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

title: joic


text:
鳶肩豺目

Idiom

 * 1) with shoulders like a kite and eyes like a dhole; someone who appears sinister and threatening

title: 鳶肩豺目


text:
Iacútia

Proper noun

 * 1) Yakutia

Proper noun

 * 1) Yakutia

title: Iacútia


text: Sakhà

title: Sakhà


text:
satsing

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) a commitment
 * 2) stake, bid, venture, investment

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) a commitment
 * 2) stake, bid, venture, investment

title: satsing


text:
meczbol

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  match point

title: meczbol


text:
setbol

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1)  set point

Etymology
.

Noun

 * 1) set point

title: setbol


text: tarappu

title: tarappu


text:
Talk:abandon hope all ye who enter here

Internet Archive vs Google Datenkraken
I've noticed that you replaced a link to the Internet Archive with a link to Google Books, and seen this happen in a few other cases as well. Is there a particular reason for doing this? I think it would be better to link to non-commercial/ad-supported sites, which are less likely to track and profile visitors. – Jberkel 19:19, 6 June 2019 (UTC)
 * I had created and was applying it to instances in the Wiktionary where this work is cited. (In this case it turned out that the work was not cited as a quotation but as a reference, but since I had the information about the first edition (1814) of the work from the template I thought it would be desirable to update the reference. (I believe the original reference mentioned here, to a work published by Frederick Warne, is a later edition.) I generally create a quotation template where (1) the first edition of a work is available online; and (2) the work is quoted (or is likely to be quoted) multiple times in the Wiktionary (for example, it is a work by a well-known author). I hadn’t thought about the difference between Google Books and the Internet Archive, to be honest. Usually I just use whichever site has the clearest version of a work. Also, I have a slight preference for Google Books because the Internet Archive sometimes numbers pages erratically. — SGconlaw (talk) 02:14, 7 June 2019 (UTC)

Mistranslation
The title of this entry is actually a mistranslation. Ogne modifies speranza, not voi - “every (all) hope,” not “all you.” There is no entry under the correct phrasing. -DrGaellon | Talk 05:54, 6 June 2023 (UTC)

 * What about ? Jberkel 07:24, 6 June 2023 (UTC)
 * Strongly agree that this is a mistranslation. Really wish it would be changed as the current title drives me crazy Tschwitzer (talk) 13:50, 21 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Rather than a mistranslation it's probably a deliberate change to form an iambic pentameter (a-bán-don hó-pe vs all hó-pe á-ban-dón). But you're right, this should be mentioned on the page. Jberkel 20:27, 26 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:abandon hope all ye who enter here


text: satsinga

title: satsinga


text: satsingen

title: satsingen


text:
Talk:blacktop

Also a fraudulent thing done to a microchip?

 * "I noticed that the top of them were slightly darker than the bottom, meaning they could be well "blacktopped" chips (aka removed from boards, had the original laser-etched part number removed and re-labeled as a different one)"
 * "Moulding marks very rarely have a texture in them, they are normally shiny. Texture in the molding marks suggests potential “blacktopping” (where chip is sanded down and then the top is painted with a black paint to recreate the texture of the package top)"

Equinox ◑ 19:26, 6 June 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:blacktop


text: satsinger

title: satsinger


text:
life-flight

Verb

 * 1)  To transport (a patient) by air ambulance.

title: life-flight


text: life-flights

title: life-flights


text: life-flighting

title: life-flighting


text: life-flighted

title: life-flighted


text: satsingene

title: satsingene


text: -ёв

title: -ёв


text: satsingar

title: satsingar


text:
Tuvà

Proper noun

 * 1) Tuva

title: Tuvà


text: satsingane

title: satsingane


text:
Udmúrtia

Proper noun

 * 1) Udmurtia

title: Udmúrtia


text:
təşəbbüs

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) initiative

title: təşəbbüs


text:
Kabardino-Balkària

Proper noun

 * 1) Kabardino-Balkariya

title: Kabardino-Balkària


text:
੦

Numeral

 * 1)  ਸਿਫ਼ਰ (sifar)

Usage notes
Represents the number 0 (zero) in the Gurmukhi script.

title: ੦


text:
trimnasium

Noun

 * 1) Any of various types of gymnasium equipment used in fitness training

title: trimnasium


text:
Karatxai-Txerkèssia

Proper noun

 * 1) Karachay-Cherkessia

title: Karatxai-Txerkèssia


text:
ਃ

Diacritical mark

 * 1) The visarga in the Gurmukhi abugida.


text:
fancam

Noun

 * 1)  Amateur film footage of a celebrity taken unofficially by a fan.
 * 2)  An edit which incorporates fancams into it; an edit which features clips from a piece of media, generally surrounding a single character
 * 1)  An edit which incorporates fancams into it; an edit which features clips from a piece of media, generally surrounding a single character
 * 1)  An edit which incorporates fancams into it; an edit which features clips from a piece of media, generally surrounding a single character
 * 1)  An edit which incorporates fancams into it; an edit which features clips from a piece of media, generally surrounding a single character
 * 1)  An edit which incorporates fancams into it; an edit which features clips from a piece of media, generally surrounding a single character

Translations

 * Arabic: فانكام, فان كام
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin: 飯拍
 * Korean:
 * Spanish: fancam

title: fancam


text: fancams

title: fancams


text:
ઃ

Diacritical mark

 * 1) The visarga in the Gujarati abugida.


text:
flashbulb moment

Noun

 * 1) A moment that a person will remember in vivid detail

title: flashbulb moment


text: trimnasiums

title: trimnasiums


text: flashbulb moments

title: flashbulb moments


text:
ಃ

Diacritical mark

 * 1) The visarga in the Kannada abugida.


text: Category:it:States of Austria

title: Category:it:States of Austria


text: giannizzaro

title: giannizzaro


text: giannizzari

title: giannizzari


text:
ഃ

Diacritical mark

 * 1) The visarga in the Malayalam abugida


text:
diangz

Noun

 * 1) sugar
 * 2) candy; sweets

title: diangz


text:
Alps de l'Alta Provença

Proper noun

 * 1) Alpes-de-Haute-Provence

title: Alps de l'Alta Provença


text: Alts Alps

title: Alts Alps


text:
Alps Marítims

Proper noun

 * 1) Alpes-Maritimes

title: Alps Marítims


text: Category:es:Departments of France

title: Category:es:Departments of France


text:
Ardenes

Proper noun

 * 1) Ardennes

title: Ardenes


text: Arieja

title: Arieja


text: Boques del Roine

title: Boques del Roine


text:
Còrsega del Sud

Proper noun

 * 1) Corse-du-Sud

title: Còrsega del Sud