text:
User:TheSilverWolf98/Germanic Botanical Terms

=Generic Botanical Terms=

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * North Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * East Westphalian:
 * Ravensberg dialect: Kluiggen
 * Eastphalian:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Low Prussian:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Southeast Limburgish: (Veldeke spelling),  (German spelling),  (Rheinische Dokumenta spelling)
 * Dutch:
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Alemannic:, , , , ,
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Lorraine Franconian: Kléjje

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * West Frisian:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Central Franconian: ,
 * German:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

 * Proto-West-Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * East Westphalian:
 * Ravensberg dialect: Haister
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * East Westphalian:
 * Ravensberger dialect: Hucht
 * Wiedenbrücker dialect:
 * Gütersloh dialect: Hucht

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse: ,
 * Icelandic: ,
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian Nynorsk:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English: ,
 * Middle English:
 * English:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * West Frisian:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * East Westphalian:
 * Eastphalian:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Alemannic:
 * Zipser German: Schtrauch

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch: ,
 * West Flemish:
 * Limburgish:
 * Mofers dialect:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:

=Trees & Shrubs=

Possibly related to 🇨🇬.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Sol'ring:
 * Fering:
 * Karrharder:
 * Nordgoesharder:
 * Halligen:
 * Öömrang:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * Eastphalian:
 * Elbe Eastphalian:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Brandenburgish:
 * Altmarkish:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Rhine Franconian: Dann
 * Lorraine Franconian: Dànne
 * Pfälzisch: Dann
 * Hessian: Dann
 * Alemannic:
 * Alsatian:
 * Strasbourg Dialect: Dann, Dannebaum
 * Swabian:
 * Hauefels: Tann ("fir")
 * Milenge: Dan
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Gressoney:
 * Issime:
 * Bavarian:
 * Cimbrian:
 * South Bavarian:
 * Plodarish: tònne

Only found in Norse, meaning obscure.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:

A strange, predominantly Low Countries compound of "ash" and "thorn". This is rather bizarre, considering maples are not particularly similar to ash trees, nor do they have thorns. I suspect the "door(n)" segment of these words is actually just a corrupted form of the Proto-Germanic "*-draz" tree suffix, making the original form of this word something like "*askadraz". No idea why this neologism was created, as Dutch still preserves a native term for maple descending from.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * West Frisian:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Dutch:
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Prüm-Kopp: āstər
 * Eup: āəsdǭərə

Curiously similar to 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬, as well as the various Latin descendants that derive from them, such as 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬. See the entries in lower down for a form that is even more similar to, and also to. There are also entries in in the elm section of this page that may potentially match up. It is unclear if this and related terms are loans from Gaulish, loans into Gaulish, or just several corrupted but ultimately unrelated forms.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English: ,
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:

Related to words for measles, spots, blemishes, and lumps. This connection was likely made because of the appearance of maple burrs when cut.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:

See comments under.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Brandenburgish:, , ,
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Transylvanian Saxon: Epeler

Possibly cognate to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬. Likely not Indo-European in any case. Only survives in the Saxon languages, German languages and in Danish, which may in fact be a Saxon loan anyway.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon: (Probably a Latin loan?)
 * Eastphalian:
 * Elbe Eastphalian:, , ,
 * East Low Saxon:
 * North Brandenburgish:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Wittg-Erndtebr: ǫrn
 * Altk-NFischb: ǭrə
 * Ottw-Tholey: īrə
 * Saarbg-Zerf: īrə
 * Zell-Merl Raversb: īrə
 * Birkf-Idar: ērən
 * Koch-Bertrich: īrən
 * Trier-Damflos: ē:rə
 * Gummb-Schwarzenbergisch: ø̄rən
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Pfälzisch:
 * vorn. VPf: ḁ̄hǫʳn
 * KU-Dennw/Frohnb: āhōr (f.)
 * RO-Nd'mosch: ę̄hǫrn
 * KU-Wolfst u. Umgeb. Kaulb KL-U'sulzb PS-Winz: ōʳ u. ōÄ
 * Pirmas u. Umgeb.: ōʳχə, ōÄχə
 * German:
 * East Central German: Ahorn
 * Bavarian:
 * South Bavarian:
 * Plodarish: ohrl
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

Cognate to 🇨🇬 and the Baltic forms 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬. Also potentially to 🇨🇬. Probably the original Germanic term for maple, given its distribution in both West and North Germanic branches. Shame it is not documented in Gothic.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Öömrang:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Eastphalian:
 * Elbe Eastphalian:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Altmark:
 * Mecklenburg:
 * Schleisen:
 * Pomeranian: ;
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Swabian:
 * Bavarian:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian: (probably a Danish borrowing)
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Scanian:
 * Scanian: [lʏ̞ːn]; [lʏ̝nː]
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

Borrowed as Spanish, probably from Vandalic.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * East Westphalian:
 * Ravensberger dialect: Ellern
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Bernese Upland:
 * Kandersteg:
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Gressoney:
 * Issime:
 * Bavarian:
 * South Bavarian:
 * Plodarish: eirl
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Westrobothnian: ǫldr
 * Elfdalian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Scanian:
 * Scanian: [ɑ̞̽lː]
 * East Germanic:

Collective form of the above.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:

(Alnus alnobetula only)
Obscure. Seems to be restricted to the Western Alps. Perhaps a loanword, not sure from where.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Bernese Upland:
 * Kandersteg:
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Gressoney:
 * Issime:

Only present in Norse branch of Germanic. Related to. The formation is of a deverbal form - ie. "one who scratches". This is an apt name for a small, twiggy shrub. Likely not the original Proto-Germanic form, but a Norse innovation.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic: ,
 * Norwegian: ,
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

More likely to be the original Proto-Germanic term for the dwarf birch.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:
 * Westrobothnian: rís
 * Elfdalian:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Sol'ring:
 * Fering:
 * Karrharder:
 * Nordgoesharder:
 * Öömrang:
 * Wiedingharder:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * Tweants:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * East Westphalian:
 * Ravensberger Mundart: Birken
 * Wiedenbrücker Mundart:
 * Gütersloh: Beerken
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Low Prussian:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Swabian:
 * Hauefels: Biek
 * Milenge: Biek
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Gressoney:
 * Issime:
 * Central Franconian: Birk
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Lorraine Franconian: Bìrke
 * East Central German:
 * Erzgebirgisch: Birk
 * Bavarian:
 * Tirol: Pirch
 * South Bavarian:
 * Plodarish: pirche
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Westrobothnian: bjerk
 * Elfdalian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Scanian:
 * Scanian: [bɔʁt̠ʲɕ]; [bɑ̞̽ʁk]

Collective form of the above.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

Another collective form.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:

A Latin borrowing.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Gressoney:
 * Issime:

Compound literally meaning "hedge-beech". It is unlikely there was a Proto-Germanic simplex for this tree. Shows many similarities with West Germanic words for "hawthorn" and the Norse words for "bird cherry".
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon: ,
 * Elbe Eastphalian:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Brandenburgish:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German: ,
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

Literally means "white-beech".
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Öömrang:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Bavarian:
 * South Bavarian:
 * Plodarish: baisspuiche

Means "stone-beech".
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:

Means "yoke-beech".
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English: ,
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * West Flemish:

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Bohuslän: skrubb-bär

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch: ,

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * East Central German:
 * Thuringian: Hardreder
 * Bavarian:

Obscure and interesting. Perhaps conflated a little with words in *dirn-, but likely of different origin.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Swabian: Herlitzenstrauch, Herlsken, Hermschen, Hermkenbaum, Hernsken, Hersken, Hirlizbaum, Hirlizen
 * St Gallen: Erlizbaum
 * East Central German:
 * Saxonian:
 * Leipzig: Hörlitzen, Horlicken, Horlitzen, Horlsken
 * Thuringian: Erlitze, Herlitze, Hörlitze, Hürrlitzgenbaum
 * Bavarian: ,

No Proto-Germanic form, borrowing from the Slavic languages. See (Czech ). The Proto-Slavic form is a cognate to 🇨🇬 (Modern Irish ).
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Swabian:, (probably influenced in form by words in *horl-)
 * Bavarian:, ,

From, cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * Western Frisian:
 * West Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Öömrang:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Low Prussian:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish: ,
 * West Flemish:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Pfälzisch: Hassel
 * Alemannic:
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Gressoney:
 * Bavarian:
 * Tirol: Håsl
 * South Bavarian:
 * Plodarish: hosl
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Scanian:
 * Scanian: [hɑ̞̽ːsle̞]
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

Collective form of the above.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * Scots:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

Obscure, only appears in Swedish dialects. It is also a term used for alders and birches. According to SAOB, it is related to.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish: ,

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Eastphalian:
 * Elbe Eastphalian:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * West Flemish:

Cognate with 🇨🇬; 🇨🇬; and potentially 🇨🇬. The Italic word was borrowed into Celtic (Irish ), and the Germanic one was borrowed into Slavic (Polish ).
 * Proto-West-Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Northumbrian:
 * Scots:
 * Old Frisian:
 * West Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Sol'ring:
 * Fering:
 * Öömrang:
 * Halligen:
 * Karrharder:
 * Nordgoesharder:
 * Wiedingharder:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * North Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * Schleswigsch:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * East Westphalian:
 * Balver Mundart: Beake
 * Ravensberger Mundart: Boöken
 * South Westphalian:
 * Lüdenscheider Mundart: Baucke
 * Eastphalian:
 * Elbe Eastphalian: ; ; ; (north-east);  (north-east)
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Altmarkish: (north-west);  (south-east);  (east north-west)
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Limburgish: ,
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Alsatian:
 * Strasbourg Dialect: Bůch
 * Swabian:
 * Hauefels: Buech
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Gressoney:
 * Issime:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Ripuarian: Booch, Bööch
 * Moselle Franconian: Booch (Northern), Buch (Southern), Biech (Southern)
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Lorraine Franconian: Buche
 * East Central German:
 * Bavarian:
 * Tirol: Puach, Puêch
 * South Bavarian:
 * Plodarish: puiche
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Scanian:
 * Scanian: [bøːɡ]; [bœːɡ]
 * Elfdalian:

A typical North Germanic collective form.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic: ,
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Scanian:
 * Scanian:
 * South-East Scanian: [bøːd̠ʲʑə]
 * North-West Scanian: [bøːɡe̞]
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Swabian:
 * Hauefels: Feig

Possibly related to the words for "alder".
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Brandenburgish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * East Central German:

Compound literally meaning "foul-tree", probably because of the smell of the berries when crushed.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * Saterland Frisian: Fuulbäie
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * Sallands:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * Gronings:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * Eastphalian:
 * Elbe Eastphalian:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * East Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * West Frisian:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * Veluws: ,
 * Tweants:
 * Achterhoeks:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * West Flemish:

Only found in the Norse branch of Germanic.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:, , , ,
 * Old Scanian:
 * Scanian: [tɔske̞bæːʁ];  [tɶ̝̽ste̞];  [tøsːte̞];  [tɒ̽sːte̞]
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:, , ,

Cognate with 🇨🇬 (Russian, Polish ); 🇨🇬 (Welsh , Irish (with unetymological f-)); and 🇨🇬.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Alsatian:
 * Strasbourg Dialect: Èsch
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Gressoney:
 * Issime:
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Lorraine Franconian: Ìsche
 * Bavarian:
 * South Bavarian:
 * Plodarish: esche
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Scanian:
 * Scanian: [ɒ̝̽ːsk]; [ɒ̝̽ːusk]

Collective form of the above.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Sol'ring:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Ripuarian: Effche
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Lorraine Franconian: Äwich, Éwait
 * Alemannic:
 * Swabian:
 * Zollernalbchrais: Eaphae
 * Bavarian:
 * South Tirol: Eapam
 * South Bavarian:
 * Cimbrian: éapóom

 * *hulbaz
 * Old Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Danish:
 * *hulinaz
 * *hulisaz
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Brandenburgish: "holly-thorn"
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish: ,
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * *hulis(j)ǭ

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

Potentially a borrowing from Latin, after what I suspect was the original (see words in *wVk-), was re-assigned to specifically wickerwork, such as baskets and furniture, as opposed to the tree said wickerwork came from. Both words survive in the North Germanic branches, but is absent in West Germanic, while *wVk- is present. Gothic is silent on the subject.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian Nynorsk:
 * Old Central Norse:
 * Ångermanland: jen
 * Västerbotten: jen
 * Medelpad: jen
 * Jämtland: ajn
 * Elfdalian: ,
 * Old East Norse: *æiniʀ
 * Old Swedish: ,
 * Swedish:, ,
 * Old Scanian:
 * Scanian: åjne ([ɑ̞̽i̯ne̞] ~ [ɑ̞̽jne̞] ~ [ɔi̯ne̞]); ene ([eːne̞])
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish: ,
 * Old Gutnish:
 * Gutnish: ain

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian: (Karrharder, Oomrang, Nordgoesharder);  (Wiedingharder)
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * Westmunsterlandic: ,
 * Ravensburger Mundart: - initial k- possibly resulting from contamination with a term for rowan.
 * Eastphalian:
 * Elbe Eastphalian:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Brandenburgish: ;
 * Old High German:, ,
 * Middle High German:
 * German: ,
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Moselle Franconian: Weckelder (Britter), Wakeltisch (Eifel), Wakelter (Eifel)
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Pfalzisch: Wacholler, Wackolder, Wäckolder, Wäckelder
 * Alemannic:
 * Vorarlbergish:
 * Swabian:
 * Hauefels: Rèakholdr
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Gressoney:
 * Issime:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

Literally means "crane-wood", an innovated term I have only been able to locate in the descendants of Old High German. Why cranes were associated with juniper is not quite clear. Something I must research further.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Bavarian:
 * Cimbrian: ,
 * South Bavarian:
 * Plodarish: kronebit

Larch (Larix decidua)
Not a native term - ultimately a borrowing from Gaulish via Latin and Ancient Greek.

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Brandenburgish:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Gressoney:
 * Issime:
 * Bavarian:
 * Cimbrian:
 * South Bavarian:
 * Plodarish: lèrche

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Hessian:
 * Frankfurt: Abbel
 * Central Franconian: Appel
 * East Central German:
 * Upper Saxon: Appel
 * Alemannic:
 * Swabian: Ebfl
 * Hauefels: Ebfl
 * Lower Alemannic:
 * Alsatian: ,
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Carcoforo:
 * Formazza:
 * Gressoney:
 * Issime:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * West Frisian: (plural)
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Bavarian:
 * Tirol: Stoanpuach, Stoanpuêch

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * West Flemish:

Cognate with 🇨🇬 (Middle Irish ); and 🇨🇬 (Lithuanian ). Likely the original Germanic term for spruce.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Altmarkish:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Alemannic:
 * Bavarian:
 * Cimbrian:, ,

Only has this meaning in the Low Countries - probably an extension from an original meaning of "pole". It is unlikely this definition can be traced back to Proto-Germanic.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * West Frisian:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * West Flemish:
 * Limburgish:

From PIE, a root originally referring to bristles, and used to form terms for beards, branches, and awns. Probably a metaphorical extension due to the appearance of conifer needles. Not found in any branch other than Norse, so probably a North Germanic innovation (and idiom).
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian: (Karrharder, Sol'ring) (probably borrowed from Norse);  (Wiedingharder) (probably borrowed from Norse)
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * North Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon: Greinenholt (probably a Norse borrowing)
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch: green (Ell, Peij, Tungelroy, As); greentje (Altweert; Altweerterheide; Boeket-Heisterstraat; Eind; Hushoven; Keent, Limburg (NL); Laar, Limburg (NL); Leuken; Nederweert; Ospel; Weert, Limburg (NL)) (probably all Norse borrowings)
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Livonian German: Gränbaum (probably a Norse borrowing)
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish: (pine)
 * Old Scanian:
 * Scanian: [ɡʁɑ̞̽ːn]; [ɡʁɒ̝̽ːn]
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:
 * Elfdalian:

Collective form of the above.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Norwegian:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Lower Alemannic:
 * Alsatian:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * Saterland Frisian: Kjuusdanne
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon: (probably from Frisian substrate)
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * West Flemish:

Obscure. Restricted to the Alps.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Bernese Upland:
 * Kandersteg: Arvä, Arbä
 * Eastern Waliser:
 * Lax: Arvu
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Gressoney:
 * Issime:
 * Rimella: ààrba
 * Gurin: Aarvu f.
 * Unsorted Highest Alemannic:
 * Jou: Arba
 * Urscheletall: Oorfä f.

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Alemannic: ;
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Eastern Waliser:
 * Lax: Täla
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Gressoney:
 * Issime:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Bavarian:
 * South Bavarian:
 * Plodarish: zètte

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Bavarian:

According to Málið.is, related to Latin, from PIE.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Westrobothnian: tall, túll
 * Elfdalian:

Collective form of the above.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:

Possibly related to 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬, all originally meaning a resinous sort of wood, though the Scots Gaelic word has come to be applied to the Scots pine generally. As no other IE cognates have been found thus far, it may be that the parents word is from a substrate. In Old English, the meaning is "torch" - so potentially the original meaning of was also "resinous wood" as opposed to the tree that said wood is from. Borrowed as Lithuanian.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * Western Frisian:
 * West Frisian:
 * Eastern Frisian:
 * Saterland Frisian:
 * Old Saxon: ,
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Eastphalian:
 * Elbe Eastphalian:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Old High German: ,
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Swabian:
 * Hauefels: Khèèa ("pine")

Another form meaning "resinous wood" - this is cognate to some of the oldest words for "tree" in the other Indo-European languages, such as 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:

Collective form of the above.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish: ,

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:

Collective of *furhō.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

Probably the original term for pine.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * Saterland Frisian:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Alemannic: ,
 * Swabian:
 * Hauefels: Fòer ("pine")
 * Milenge: Fooer ("pine")
 * Bavarian:
 * South Bavarian:
 * Plodarish: vorche
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian:

Related to 🇨🇬; and possibly as well as the following Brythonic words: 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬 (modern Cornish: ). Likely the original Germanic term for both poplars and aspens.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Gressoney:
 * Issime:
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Lorraine Franconian: Àschpe
 * Proto Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian: ,
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

Collective form of the above.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish: (attested in toponyms)
 * Swedish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Brandenburgish: ,

No Proto-Germanic term, borrowed from Vulgar Latin.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Eastphalian:
 * Elbe Eastphalian:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Brandenburgish:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Swabian:
 * Hauefels: Babbl

From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Brandenburgish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Bavarian:

No PGem form, borrowed from Latin.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Sol'ring:
 * Fering:
 * Öömrang:
 * Karrharder:
 * Nordgoesharder:
 * Wiedingharder:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Low Prussian:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:, ,
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Bavarian:
 * Tirol: Kerschtn
 * South Bavarian:
 * Plodarish: kirsch

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Low Prussian:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Central Franconian: Krieke
 * German:
 * Bavarian:
 * Old Norse (borrowed from Saxon):
 * Swedish:
 * Danish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Swabian:
 * Hauefels: Bflumm
 * Milenge: Bflume
 * Zollernalbchrais: Pflõme

Closely related for the word for "hedge". Presumably because Prunus padus often grew in hedgerows?
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian Nynorsk:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

Obscure. Restricted to the Alps.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Bavarian: Ölexen, Elexsen, Ölasn, Öxn, Ösn

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Zipser German: Tschidrempn, Tschudrenkn

Cognate with 🇨🇬.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * Saterland Frisian:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Bavarian:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:, (Bohuslän)
 * Old Scanian:
 * Scanian: [slɔnː]; [slɔːn]; [släu̯nː]; [slɒ̝̽u̯nː]

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Brandenburgish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Hessian:
 * Frankfurt: Bier
 * Alemannic:
 * Swabian:
 * Hauefels: Bier
 * Milenge: Bìreboom
 * Ulm: Biirabaum
 * Zollernalbchrais: Biiera

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish: (borrowing from Saxon?)

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * West Frisian:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Eastphalian:
 * Elbe Eastphalian:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Zipser German: Moognholts

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Zipser German: Hundsbëum

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * West Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Sol'ring:
 * Fering:
 * Karrharder:
 * Nordgoesharder:
 * Wiedingharder:
 * Halligen:
 * Öömrang:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * East Westphalian:
 * Ravensberger Mundart: Oek
 * South Westphalian:
 * Lüdenscheider Mundart: Eicke
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Low Prussian:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Ripuarian: Eech
 * Moselle Franconian: Ääch (Western), Eech (Eastern), Eich (Westerwald)
 * Kölsch: Eich
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Lorraine Franconian: Eiche
 * East Central German:
 * Erzgebirgisch: Aach
 * German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Swabian:
 * Hauefels: Òòech
 * Milenge: Ooech
 * Ulm: Ôich
 * Bavarian:
 * Tirol: Oachn
 * South Bavarian:
 * Plodarish: aiche
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Elfdalian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

Likely the original Indo-European word for "oak", we only see the slightest hint of this meaning in the Germanic material in derived words.

Originally coming from a root meaning "old" and "tall", this was later applied to oak trees.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:

Collective form of the above.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:

Salix caprea - Great Sallow - Salhô
Cognate to 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), and 🇨🇬 - the Germanic term was borrowed as. Likely from a substrate, given it is a term limited to Germanic and Celtic (the Latin word is potentially a Gaulish loan).

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Bavarian:

A secondary feminine formation of the primary or.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Westrobothnian: selj
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

According to Málið.is, related to Slavic from PIE. According to SAOB.se, related to.
 * Proto-West-Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * Low German:
 * Old High German:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:, ,

Collective form of the above.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

Not a Germanic term - from.
 * Old Norse: ?
 * Icelandic: ,
 * Faroese:
 * Danish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Bavarian: ,
 * Alemannic:, , ,
 * Swabian:
 * Zollernalbchrais: Fealbe

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish: ,

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Pfälzisch:
 * HB-Böckw IB-Seelb: Wäid (węid)
 * KB-Gauh Orb: Waad (wād)
 * Pf außer lothr. SWPf und mittl. Südpfalz: Weid (waid)
 * VPf: Wääd (wę̄d)
 * mancherorts lothr. SWPf, GH-Kand (um 1930 von älteren Leuten) Neubg: Widd (wid)
 * PS-Schweix: Wied (wīd)
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Elfdalian:

From PIE.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:

From PIE.
 * Proto-West-Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old Norse:
 * Icelandic:

Cognate with 🇨🇬, and possibly 🇨🇬.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * Eastphalian:
 * Elbe Eastphalian:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German: ,
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

No Proto-Germanic or West Germanic form, a borrowing from.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Eastphalian:
 * Elbe Eastphalian: ; ; ;
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Brandenburgish: ; (contamination of Keileke with Püsseke)

No Proto-Germanic or West Germanic form, a borrowing from. Compare 🇨🇬.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Brandenburgish:

Potentially the same as the words in *hul-, through metathesis.
 * Proto-West-Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Wiedingharder Frisian:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * East Westphalian:
 * Ravensberger Mundart: Allhairn
 * Wiedenbrücker Mundart:
 * Gütersloh: Hoorlorten

Found only in the Low Countries.
 * Proto-West-Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * West Frisian:
 * Amelands Frisian: fliare
 * North Frisian:
 * Öömrang Frisian:
 * Fering Frisian:
 * North Goesharder Frisian:
 * Central Goesharder Frisian:
 * Drelsdorf Frisian:
 * Wiedingharder Frisian:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:, , ,
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * Bentheimisch:
 * Westmünsterländisch
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Low Prussian:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * West Flemish: ,
 * Dutch:
 * West Flemish: ,

(gen.sing: *hullaz; dat.sing: *hulini)

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian: (Sol'ring);  (Fering);  (Karrharder, Nordgoesharder);  (Oomrang);  (Wiedingharder)
 * Proto Germanic: (suffixed with *-traz)
 * Proto-West-Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * Low German:, , , ,
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Limburgish: ,
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Swabian:
 * Hauefels: Holdr
 * Milenge: Holdr
 * Ulm: Hollrbusch
 * Zollernalbchrais: Holder
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Gressoney:
 * Issime:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Bavarian:
 * Tirol: Hóller
 * Proto-Germanic: (collective form)
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Scanian:
 * Scanian: hyll
 * Blekinge: hyll
 * Östergötland: hill
 * Västergötland: höll
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

So named because the wood of this tree was favoured for making cart axels.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West-Veluws:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

Application of term "axel" from the Swedish Whitebeam to the names of other related trees.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Norwegian Nynorsk:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Bavarian:
 * South Bavarian:
 * Plodarish: veiglpeirn

Borrowed as Northern Sami and Lule Sami.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Norwegian:

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Elfdalian:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German: ,

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Brandenburgish: "blood-ash"

Despite how oft-repeated the theory is, it is unlikely that this word is related to the Celtic for for yew, and the Albanian word for yew.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German: ?
 * Middle High German: ?
 * German: "boar-ash"

Seemingly only present amongst the alpine descendants of Old High German. A compound of a borrowed word with similarities to French, and Germanic.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Formazza:
 * Gurin:

Obscure.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Eastern Waliser:
 * Lax:

Seemingly only present amongst the alpine descendants of Old High German. Probably substrate or a borrowing. Similarities with Italian, and also with French , and native German.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Alagna:
 * Gressoney:
 * Issime:
 * Macugnaga:
 * Rimella:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West-Veluws:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Lorraine Franconian: Sperwel
 * Rhine Franconian: Sperb
 * Pfälzisch: Sperb, Sparwel, Sparb, Schbärwel, Sperwer, Sperber, Sparwe, Sparbe, Sperwe, Sparwle, Sparble, Sperwle

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Veluws:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:, , , , , ,

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Central Franconinan:
 * Luxembourgish:

Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Bavarian:
 * Cimbrian:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:

Collective form.
 * Proto-Norse:.
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Old Gutnish:
 * Gutnish:

Another collective form.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Elfdalian:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English: ?
 * English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Swabian:
 * Milenge: Lìnde
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:

Collective form of the above.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:

Includes the botanical suffix *-draz. Probably ultimately from a root meaning "red".
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Low Prussian:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Bavarian: ,
 * Alemannic:, , ,
 * Alsatian:
 * Strasbourg Dialect: Růstbaum
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Pfälzisch: Rusche, Rüsche, Ruschel, Rüschel, Ruste, Rüste, Rustenbaum, Ruster, Rüster
 * South Hessian: Rüster

Restricted to the Rhine region up to the North Sea Coast. Probably a substrate word. May be related to the words for "maple" in *Vp-, and also perhaps to the name for "yew".
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * West Frisian:
 * North Frisian: (Oomrang, Fering, Nordgoesharder, Wiedingharder)
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * Gronings:
 * Drèents:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Rhine Franconian:, , ,
 * Pälzisch: Iffe
 * South Hessian: Iffe

 * Old English:
 * English:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Alemannic:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * East Germanic:
 * Vandalic: (borrowed as Spanish ).

Collective form of the above.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Bavarian:
 * Cimbrian:

=Poales: Grass & Allies=

Connected to the word for "dregs".
 * Proto-Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German: (sp cluster borrowed from Saxon).

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Sol'ring:
 * Fering:
 * Öömrang:
 * Halligen:
 * Karrharder:
 * Nordgoesharder:
 * Wiedingharder:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse: *biugg
 * Old Swedish:, , ,
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish: biug
 * Danish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * Saterland Frisian: Jäärste
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * East Westphalian:
 * Ravensberger Mundart: Gasten
 * Wiedenbrücker Mundart:
 * Gütersloh: Gheersten
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Low Prussian:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Alemannic:
 * Highest Alemannic:
 * Western Waliser:
 * South Waliser:
 * Issime:
 * Bavarian:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Ripuarian: Jääsch, Jersch
 * Moselle Franconian: Gääscht
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Lorraine Franconian: Gèèrscht, Gerscht

 * Proto-West-Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * West Frisian:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * East Westphalian:
 * Ravensberger Mundart: Bient
 * North Low Saxon:
 * Oldenburgisch:,  ,
 * Nordhannoversch:
 * Dithmarschen: ,
 * Holsteinisch:
 * Schleswigsch:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon: ,
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Lorraine Franconian: Bénse

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Sol'ring:
 * West Frisian:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Scanian:
 * Småland: exing

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Scanian:
 * Halland: kveg
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic: ;
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Lorraine Franconian: Gràs
 * Zipser German: Groos

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Low Prussian:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * West Frisian:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * West Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Öömrang:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Mofers:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Alemannic:
 * German:
 * Bavarian: ,
 * Central Franconian:
 * Transylvanian Saxon: Huever
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Pennsylvania German:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * West Frisian:
 * Saterland Frisian: Rait
 * North Frisian:
 * Öömrang:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Mofers:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:

No Proto-Germanic form, borrowed from.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * East Germanic:
 * Gothic:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:

 * Proto-West-Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

Derived from the term.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * North Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Low Prussian:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

=Other Plants=

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Zipser German: Alpndriizngreschl

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian Nynorsk:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:
 * Elfdalian:

Obscure.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Norwegian Nynorsk:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

Obscure.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Veluws

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:

No Proto-Norse form, borrowed from Middle Saxon.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:
 * Jutlandic: gejl

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Bavarian:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Norwegian:

Derived from.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Scanian:
 * Scanian: hara-ris

(Anchusa officinalis)
Possibly borrowed as Finnish.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Scanian:
 * Blekinge: rast

(Anchusa officinalis)
Literally means "ox-tongue", a calque of the Greek name.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

(Anchusa arvensis)

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

 * Proto-West-Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * East Westphalian:
 * North Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:, ,

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish: (Veldeke spelling),  (Rheinische Dokumenta spelling)
 * Eupen dialect:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:

 * Old Norse:
 * Westrobothnian: gasveittj (goose-wheat?)

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Zipser German: Krësch
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Lorraine Franconian: Krèss

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Old Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Danish:

According to Málið.is, related to 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬; all supposedly from, however, the initial vowel of the PIE form and the Germanic form do not match, as PIE *h₂e usually becomes Proto-Germanic *a.
 * Old Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian Nynorsk:

According to SAOB.se and Ordnet.dk, from the verb, apparently because of the crunching sound of leaves? Though I personally can't see why the two words would be connected. Ordbokene.no says the word is from, and I personally think this is far more likely. Málið.is also gives the reed bag definition for.
 * Old Norse: (possibly??)
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian Nynorsk:
 * Swedish:
 * Danish:

 * Westrobothnian: bräken
 * Westrobothnian: bräken
 * Westrobothnian: bräken
 * Westrobothnian: bräken
 * Westrobothnian: bräken
 * Westrobothnian: bräken
 * Westrobothnian: bräken
 * Westrobothnian: bräken
 * Westrobothnian: bräken

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * East Westphalian:
 * Ravensberger Mundart: Feorn
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * West Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Sol'ring:
 * Fering:
 * Öömrang:
 * Halligen:
 * Karrharder:
 * Ockholm:
 * Langenhorn:
 * Wiedingharder:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * Drenthe:
 * Gronings:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * East Westphalian:
 * Ravensberger Mundart: Driuwen
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Low Prussian:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Lorraine Franconian: Triewel

No Proto-Germanic, or even Proto-Norse form. Derived from a Danish borrowing of a West-Germanic (likely Saxon) derivative of.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:

According to Málið.is, this word is derived from, meaning "the even one".
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian:
 * Westrobothnian: jamn’
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish: (Dalarna)

 * *humalaz
 * *humalǭ

 * Old Norse:
 * Icelandic:

 * Old Norse:
 * Icelandic:

 * Westrobothnian: frekn’
 * Westrobothnian: frekn’
 * Westrobothnian: frekn’
 * Westrobothnian: frekn’

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Zipser German: Driizngskraaedich

 * Old Norse:
 * Icelandic:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Low Prussian:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Lorraine Franconian: Dìschel

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-West-Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * North Low Saxon:
 * Emsländisch:
 * Schleswigsch: ,
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch:
 * Mecklenburgisch:, , ,

 * Proto-West-Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low German:
 * Eastphalian:
 * Hannoverian:
 * North Low Saxon:
 * Oldenburgisch:
 * Emsländisch:
 * Holsteinisch:
 * Schleswigsch:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:

 * Proto-West German:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Zipser German: Mëus

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Kirchröadsj: Eëts
 * Moselle Franconian: Erwes, Erres, Äres
 * Ripuarian: Erts, Erds, Ääz

=Caryophyllales: Carnation & Allies=

Seems to be connected with.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Öömrang:
 * Söl'ring:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German: (borrowed into Danish and Swedish)
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish: (Saxon borrowing),  (Saxon borrowing)
 * Swedish: (inherited),  (dialectal)
 * Old Danish: (Saxon borrowing)
 * Danish:, (inherited),  (dialectal, inherited)

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Mofers:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Mofers:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Low Prussian:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Alemmanic:

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish: (Blekinge)

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish: (Svealand)

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish: (Ångermanland)

~

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish: (Småland)

~

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:

Seems to be restricted to Anglo-Frisian. Variants ending in -d and -k are likely diminutives.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Scots:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Öömrang
 * Saterland Frisian:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon: ,
 * Dithmarschen Mundart:

Literally means "water-myrtle".
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * Gronings:
 * Wesphalian:
 * Dreènts:
 * West Munsterlandic:

=Gentianales: Gentians & Allies=

=Ranunculales: Buttercup & Allies=

Literally means "helmet", from the shape of the flowers.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Westrobothnian Dialect:
 * Nästansjö Dialect: sLAsAn

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Zipser German: Juutsche Haubn

=Rosales: Rose & Allies=

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Central Goesharder Frisian:
 * Drelsdorf Frisian:

 * Proto-West Germanic:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Scots:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch: ,
 * Dutch: ,
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * Old High German:

=Saxifragales: Gooseberry & Allies=

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Swabian: Träuble
 * Bernese: Trübeli
 * Rhine-Hessian: Traube

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Lorraine Franconian: Grüssel (probably borrowed from French)

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Norbiks Dialect:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Lorraine Franconian: Grùnschel

=Fabales: Bean & Allies=

=Ericales: Heather & Allies=

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * East Westphalian:
 * Balver Mundart: Haie
 * Ravensberger Mundart: Hoee

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * Saterland Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Öömrang:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:, ,

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Skåne, Blekinge, Småland:, ,
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Öömrang:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * Saterland Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Öömrang:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Öömrang:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:, , ,

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Scots:
 * Old Frisian:
 * West Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Öömrang:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Old Frisian:
 * Saterland Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Öömrang:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German: ,

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Mofers:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Kölsch: Worbele

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * Saterland Frisian:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Saarländisch: Wähle

=Brassicales: Mustard & Allies=

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:, , , ,

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch: ,
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

=Asparagales: Asparagus & Allies=

Cognate with 🇨🇬.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian: (Sol'ring)
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Northern Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon:
 * Westphalian:
 * West Munsterlandic:
 * East Westphalian:
 * Wiedenbrücker Mundart:
 * Gütersloh: Lauk
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Low Prussian:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Old High German
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Alsatian:
 * Mulhouse Dialect:

Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and the Iranian source of.
 * Proto-West Germanic:

=Asterales: Aster & Allies=

(gen.sing: *klittaz; dat.sing: *klidini)

 * Lorraine Franconian: Klètt
 * Lorraine Franconian: Klètt
 * Lorraine Franconian: Klètt
 * Lorraine Franconian: Klètt
 * Lorraine Franconian: Klètt
 * Lorraine Franconian: Klètt
 * Lorraine Franconian: Klètt
 * Lorraine Franconian: Klètt
 * Lorraine Franconian: Klètt
 * Lorraine Franconian: Klètt
 * Lorraine Franconian: Klètt

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Pennsylvania German:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:

*fimfilaz *fimfjǭ *fimb- *fi-
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

No Proto-Germanic form, a loanword from Saami languages - see Inari Saami.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Westrobothnian: jerj
 * Nästansjö Dialect: jArja

Obscure.
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Norwegian:, , , , ,
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish: ,
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

=Apiales: Chervil & Allies=

Related to Lithuanian.
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * Saterland Frisian: Gäise
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:, ,
 * West Low Saxon:
 * North Low Saxon:
 * East Frisian Low Saxon: ,
 * Gronings:
 * Holsteinish:
 * Dithmarsch:
 * Westphalian:
 * Achterhooks:
 * Westmunsterlandic:
 * South Westphalian:
 * Lüdenscheider Mundart: Gäse
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Brandenburgish:
 * Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch:
 * Mecklenburgish:, ,
 * Old High German: ,
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old Norse:
 * Swedish:, ,

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Swedish:
 * Småland Dialect: käxa

 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Swedish:
 * Dalarna Dialect: rackkummin
 * Halland Dialect: hästkummin
 * Hälsingland Dialect: hundkummin
 * Lappland Dialect: hundkummin
 * Westrobothnian Dialect: hundkummin
 * Nästansjö Dialect: kummingen

Cognate with 🇨🇬. Probably the original word for "carrot".
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old English:
 * Middle English:
 * English:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * East Low Saxon:
 * Plautdietsch:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Limburgish:
 * Norbiks:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:
 * Bavarian:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old Frisian:
 * North Frisian:
 * Öömrang:
 * West Frisian:
 * Saterland Frisian:
 * Old Saxon:
 * Middle Low German:
 * West Low Saxon:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Dutch:
 * West Flemish:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Luxembourgish:

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Frankish:
 * Old Dutch:
 * Middle Dutch:
 * Zealandic:
 * Dutch:

A compound literally meaning "yellow-root".
 * Proto-Norse:
 * Old West Norse:
 * Icelandic:
 * Faroese:
 * Norwegian:
 * Old East Norse:
 * Old Danish:
 * Danish:

A compound meaning "yellow-turnip".
 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * German:
 * Bavarian:
 * Tirol:
 * Central Franconian:
 * Hunsrik:
 * Rhine Franconian:
 * Pennsylvania German:
 * Pfälzisch:
 * Badisch: Gelleriebe

 * Proto-West Germanic:
 * Old High German:
 * Middle High German:
 * Alemannic:

Heracleum sphondylium - Common Hogweed
=References=
 * Einige Plfanzennamen in Zipser Mundart - E. Kövi (accessed through JStor)
 * Málið.is
 * SAOB
 * Den Danske Ordbog
 * Etymologie-Online
 * Pfälzisches Wörterbuch
 * Rheinisches Wörterbuch


text: Category:User ajp

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:User ajp


text: Category:User ajp-N

title: Category:User ajp-N


text:
aðstoðarforstjóri

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) assistant director

title: aðstoðarforstjóri


text:
aldursmunur

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) age difference

title: aldursmunur


text:
eðlismunur

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) fundamental difference

title: eðlismunur


text:
gengismunur

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) exchange rate difference

title: gengismunur


text:
زنجلان

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) sesame

title: زنجلان


text:
greinarmunur

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) difference, distinction

title: greinarmunur


text:
Kópavogur

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Etymology
From.

title: Kópavogur


text:
User:Sarri.greek/verbs/-έω bisyllabic

ζέω θέω νέω ξέω πνέω πλέω ῥέω τρέω χέω δέω & δέομαι

Bisyllabic -έω (monosyllabic stem)

ancient
Category:Ancient Greek verbs - by inflection type - Category:Ancient Greek words suffixed with -έω

Contracted verbs in -έω with monosyllabic stem (πλέω, πνέω, ρέω, δέομαι) are contracted only when after the character -ε-, another -ε- or -ει- follows:
 * e.g. verb πνέω contracts: πνεῖς, πνεῖ, πνεῖται.

Exceptions:
 * 1) 2nd sing. indicative. present of δέομαι, which remains uncontracted: δέει, δέῃ
 * 2) the verb δέω-δῶ (with sense: "I tie"), which contracts every type: δῶ, δεῖς, δεῖ, δοῦμεν, δεῖτε, δοῦσι(ν) [see Stamatkos, below]

Their compounds: stress shift only at 2nd.sing.imperative.present.active:
 * e.g. πλεῖ -> ἔκπλει but plural: πλεῖτε -> ἐκπλεῖτε

Ref to grammars:

Smyth: at verb list cf. πνέω πλέω ρέω etc. The rules mentioned are:
 * 397 He comments on indicative only. That is why he only mentions: ε+ο and ε+ω are NOT contracted.
 * also, 503 and 607 comment for the upsilon,  540 about Doric future. 489-d, about insertion of sigma. And 688 about Homeric types.

Stamatakos in his Historical Grammar (§96.4, my translation from Greek)
 * «... the monsyllabic stems of the -έω verbs contract only when the product of the synaeresis is ει. [...] The reason is the disappearance of the ϝ (πλέω < * πλέϝω) which existed between the vowels; the existence of this ϝ is certified by the aorist ἔπλευσα (ἔπνευσα, ἔνευσα etc), where instead of -εϝ- before vowel, we have -ευ- before consonant. After the disappearance of ϝ we have similar results with the types of the adjective ἡδύς: ἡδέος, ἡδέων - ἡδεῖ. That is, some phthongoi[sounds] (such as open α and closed α and ο) were not contracted after the disappearance of ϝ, because this disappearance took place relatively late, when the function of the rules governing synaeresis had already ceased. As the above verbs, the verb δέω (=I need) is conjugated-δέομαι (and that here too a ϝ did exist is proven by the numeral δεύτερος): δέω, δεῖς, δεῖ, δέομεν, δεῖτε, δέουσι - δέομαι, δέει, δεῖται, δεόμεθα, δεῖσθε, δέονται. But in manuscripts we also encounter the types: ἐδέετο, δέεσθαι (and indeed, sometimes with no variations of script). -In contrast the δέω (=I tie) is found also contracted in the types where the above are not contracted: δέω (and δῶ), δέομεν (and δοῦμεν), δέουσι (and δοῦσι) but always: δεῖς, δεῖ, δεῖτε.  The same principal is applied for the Imperfect forms.»

sarri.greek (talk) 06:03, 16 January 2019 (UTC)

For editors

 * Template:grc-conj-present-con-ε-mono

modern

 * User:Sarri.greek/verbs/vowel_stems
 * Category:Greek verb conjugation group 'πνέω'

title: User:Sarri.greek/verbs/-έω bisyllabic


text:
gæfumunur

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) difference in fortunes

title: gæfumunur


text:
mismunur

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) difference

title: mismunur


text:
Rhymes:Icelandic/øyː-

See Category:Icelandic rhymes/øyː-

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyː

C

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːcɪ

J

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːja
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːjɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːjʏn

K

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːk
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːka
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːkʏr

L

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːl
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːla
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːlɪ

M

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːm
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːma
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːmɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːmʏn
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːmʏr

N

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːn
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːna
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːnɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːnʏn

P

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːp
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːpa
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːpɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːpʏr

R

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːr
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːra

S

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːs
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːsa
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːsiŋk
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːsɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːsʏn

T

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːt
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːta
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːtɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːtʏn
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːtʏr

V

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːv
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːva
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːvɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːvʏr

Ð

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːð
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːða
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːðʏn
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːðʏr

Ɣ

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːɣ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːɣa
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːɣʏn
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːɣʏr

title: Rhymes:Icelandic/øyː-


text:
印行

Verb

 * 1) to print and publish

Noun

 * 1) printing and publishing

Verb

 * 1) to print and publish

title: 印行


text:
Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪː-

See Category:Icelandic rhymes/ɪː-

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪː

C

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːca
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːcɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːcɪtl

K

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːk
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːka
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːkra
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːkʏn
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːkʏr
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːkʏtl

L

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːl
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːla
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːlɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːlʏn
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːlʏr

M

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːm
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːma
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːmɪtl
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːmʏn
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːmʏr

N

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːn
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːna
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːnɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːnʏn
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːnʏr

P

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːp
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːpa
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːpar
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːpja
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːprɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːpɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːpʏn
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːpʏr

R

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːr
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːra
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːrɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːrɪtl

S

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːs
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːsa
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːsiŋk
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːsiŋkʏr
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːsja
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːsjʏn
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːsɪ

T

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːt
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːta
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːtja
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːtjantɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːtjʏn
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːtra
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːtrɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːtɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːtɪtl
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːtʏn
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːtʏr

V

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːv
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːva
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːvɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːvʏn
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːvʏr

Ð

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːð
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːða
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːðiŋkʏr
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːðɪ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːðɪtl
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːðʏn
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːðʏr
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːðʏtl

Ɣ

 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːɣ
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːɣa
 * Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪːɣʏr

title: Rhymes:Icelandic/ɪː-


text: körmöt

title: körmöt


text: jilqa'

title: jilqa'


text:
milqugħ

Participle

 * : welcome; received gladly

title: milqugħ


text:
ربعة

Etymology
From.

Numeral

 * 1) four

title: ربعة


text:
User talk:Pamrel

Cognates in etymology sections
Please stop adding those, it's pointless. Canonicalization (talk) 14:18, 21 November 2019 (UTC)

 * What is your point, exactly?. It seems to me that you're only expressing your personal opinion. FYI, other editors are adding cognates as well, I'm very far from being the only one who does that. Pamrel (talk) 15:52, 21 November 2019 (UTC)
 * That's my opinion, and that of several others. We try to avoid duplication of information and needless clutter as much as possible here; adding lists of cognates goes against that principle. When we're giving the Proto-Slavic etymon, those cognates are only one click away anyway. Also, once you add a cognate in a certain language, people start adding cognates in other languages too, and you end up with an exhaustive list of cognates. Indeed, what's the point? Canonicalization (talk) 20:31, 21 November 2019 (UTC)
 * It’s vandalism. He just joined and only adds cognates which are there already. Fay Freak (talk) 23:46, 21 November 2019 (UTC)

title: User talk:Pamrel


text:
تمنية

Etymology
From.

Numeral

 * 1) eight

title: تمنية


text: documentaristas

title: documentaristas


text: enganadora

title: enganadora


text: enganadoras

title: enganadoras


text: liáoshāng

title: liáoshāng


text: qīnlüèjūn

title: qīnlüèjūn


text: yīyīdàishuǐ

title: yīyīdàishuǐ


text:
áfangaskýrsla

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) progress report

title: áfangaskýrsla


text:
User:Victar/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/snéykʷs

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  snow

Derived terms

 * *snoygʷʰ-ó-s

 * *sngʷʰ-h₂-s

 * *snigʷʰ-éh₂

 * *snigʷʰ-ó-s

 * *snígʷʰ-i

 * *snigʷʰ-yó-s

 * *snigʷʰ-yéh₂

 * Prakrit: siṇēha ("snow")
 * Prakrit: siṇēha ("snow")
 * Prakrit: siṇēha ("snow")
 * Prakrit: siṇēha ("snow")

Descendants

 * Indo-Iranian:


text:
गुदाभंजन

Etymology
Compound of 🇰🇲

Noun

 * 1) anal intercourse, anal sex, sodomy

title: गुदाभंजन


text: lighter-handed

title: lighter-handed


text: lightest-handed

title: lightest-handed


text:
Talk:nussia

Possible greek etymology
Plausible or not? συνουσιάζομαι --> nussia
 * Far-fetched at the very best. — surjection ⟨?⟩ 09:32, 21 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Hmm? Liian παχύa!!

title: Talk:nussia


text: 惟利是圖

title: 惟利是圖


text: 惟利是图

title: 惟利是图


text:
職志

Noun

 * 1) lifework; mission
 * 2)  banner-bearing official
 * 1)  banner-bearing official

title: 職志


text: 职志

title: 职志


text: Flaks

title: Flaks


text:
勾號

Noun

 * 1) tick; checkmark

title: 勾號


text: 勾号

title: 勾号


text:
फिसःबुँ

Etymology
From 🇰🇲.

Noun

 * 1) desert

title: फिसःबुँ


text: geleaful

title: geleaful


text:
毒焰

Noun

 * 1)  burning flame
 * 2)  evil force

title: 毒焰


text: 毒燄

title: 毒燄


text:
न्ह्याकं

Etymology
From, , ,.

Noun

 * 1) mirror

title: न्ह्याकं


text: Category:User ajp-4

title: Category:User ajp-4


text: Category:User ajp-3

title: Category:User ajp-3


text: gemyndful

title: gemyndful


text:
Talk:ख़ानदान

Any idea what is the further etymology of this/how should this be analyzed? The first element is likely (in the sense of a leader, ruler etc.), the second element seems to be "holder, container" from  (would like to note that derived suffix  does not have receptacle as a meaning, please see if you can add that [not familiar with suffix entries]). Gotitbro (talk) 03:14, 21 November 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:ख़ानदान


text: genoh

title: genoh


text:
þreotteoþa

Numeral

 * 1)  thirteenth

Adjective

 * 1) thirteenth

title: þreotteoþa


text:
hrekkjavaka

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) Halloween

title: hrekkjavaka


text:
statuut

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) statute, legislation, regulation; written collection of laws or rules
 * 2) statute; written rule or principle, especially of a society or other institution
 * 3)  legal status, legal position
 * 4)  ordinance, law

title: statuut


text:
Talk:שמעגעגע

Additional definitions
Can this also mean "baloney," "hot air," or "nonsense"? 173.88.246.138 03:39, 21 November 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:שמעגעגע


text:
തക്കാളി

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) tomato;, a widely cultivated plant in the nightshade family known for its edible fruit.
 * 2) The fruit of this plant.

title: തക്കാളി


text:
ritamate

Noun

 * 1) tomato

title: ritamate


text:
ᒥᓗᑦᓱᑳᒐᖅ

Noun

 * 1) tomato

title: ᒥᓗᑦᓱᑳᒐᖅ


text:
rewear

Verb

 * 1) To wear again.

title: rewear


text: rewears

title: rewears


text: rewearing

title: rewearing


text: rewore

title: rewore


text: reworn

title: reworn


text:
feowerteoþa

Etymology
From, descended from.

Numeral

 * 1)  fourteenth

Adjective

 * 1) fourteenth

title: feowerteoþa


text:
ħara

Etymology 1
From.

Noun

 * 1)  quarter, neighbourhood

Etymology 2
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to shit defecate

Etymology 3
From.

Noun

 * 1)  shit excrement
 * 2)  conceit
 * 3)  trouble
 * 4)  bad, wicked person
 * 5)  fuckfaced person
 * 1)  bad, wicked person
 * 2)  fuckfaced person
 * 1)  fuckfaced person
 * 1)  fuckfaced person

title: ħara


text:
bauerenol

Etymology
Named after (Synonym: Achronychia baueri) in 1958

Noun

 * 1)  A triterpenoid found in  and other plants: (3S,4aR,6bS,8aR,11R,12S,12aR,12bS,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6b,8a,11,12,12b,14b-octamethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,5,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,12b,13,14,14a,14b-icosahydro-3-picenol

title: bauerenol


text:
美功河

Etymology
From.

title: 美功河


text:
rapanone

Noun

 * 1)  A benzoquinone chemical derivative with a thirteen carbon side chain and two hydroxyl groups, a natural product found in  roots: 2,5-dihydroxy-3-tridecyl-1,4-benzoquinone

title: rapanone


text: jaħra

title: jaħra


text:
ʰʎ̟ɛ⁵⁵

Noun

 * 1) correct, right

title: ʰʎ̟ɛ⁵⁵


text: ħariet

title: ħariet


text:
衝口而出

Idiom

 * 1) to blurt; to speak without thought

title: 衝口而出


text: 冲口而出

title: 冲口而出


text:
Nist

Etymology
Variant of.

Statistics

 * According to the 2010 United States Census, Nist is the 40554th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 539 individuals. Nist is most common among White (97.22%) individuals.

Noun

 * 1) nest

title: Nist


text:
tetrabromofluorescein

Noun

 * 1)  eosin

title: tetrabromofluorescein


text:
แผ่นดินไหวตาม

Etymology
From 🇰🇲; coined by the in 2003;.

Noun

 * 1)  aftershock.

title: แผ่นดินไหวตาม


text:
User:Veritacity/Books/LBI 1

Legal and Business Idioms

 * above board

title: User:Veritacity/Books/LBI 1


text: 𥛱

title: 𥛱


text:
dimethylarsinate

Noun

 * 1)  The anion (CH$3$)$2$As(O)OH or a salt thereof.

title: dimethylarsinate


text: dimethylarsinates

title: dimethylarsinates


text:
菶菶

Adjective

 * 1)  luxuriant; exuberant

title: 菶菶


text:
an and twentig

Etymology
From.

Numeral

 * 1)  twenty-one

title: an and twentig


text:
arsinate

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  The anion H2AsO2-, or one of its derivatives formed by substituting the hydrogen with an organic chemical group, or a salt thereof. It has arsenic formally in a +1 oxidation state.

Related terms

 * arsinous acid the conjugate acid
 * arsenate
 * arsonate

title: arsinate


text: arsinates

title: arsinates


text: astronomic refraction

title: astronomic refraction


text: astronomical refraction

title: astronomical refraction


text:
atmospheric refraction

Noun

 * 1) The apparent angular elevation of the heavenly bodies above their true places, caused by the refraction of the rays of light in their passage through the Earth's atmosphere.

title: atmospheric refraction


text:
twentigoþa

Numeral

 * 1)  twentieth

Adjective

 * 1) twentieth

title: twentigoþa


text:
methylarsonate

Noun

 * 1)  The anion CH3AsO32-, or any salt containing this ion

title: methylarsonate


text: ísinn

title: ísinn


text:
Buttiġieġ

Etymology
From, equivalent to. Presumably referring originally to a poultry farmer.

title: Buttiġieġ


text:
Nenni

Pronunciation

 * Homophones:
 * Homophones:
 * Homophones:

title: Nenni


text: Goggi

title: Goggi


text:
an and twentigoþa

Numeral

 * 1)  twenty-first

title: an and twentigoþa


text:
scrape-good

Noun

 * 1)  A stingy person; a miser.

title: scrape-good


text: scrape-goods

title: scrape-goods


text: wūhū

title: wūhū


text: 於戏

title: 於戏


text: cyperen

title: cyperen


text:
spring latch

Noun

 * 1) A latch that snaps into the keeper whenever the door is shut.

title: spring latch


text: spring latches

title: spring latches


text:
twa and twentig

Etymology
From.

Numeral

 * 1)  twenty-two

title: twa and twentig


text:
norskama

Verb

 * 1) to snore

title: norskama


text:
ärkama

Etymology
From, see there for further etymology. Compare 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to awake, to wake up, to awaken
 * 2)  To recover from sleep; wake up after sleep (genitive + peale).
 * 3) To regain consciousness; recover from unconsciousness.
 * 4) To come out of one's thoughts, imagination; become lively.
 * 5)  To start growing again; foliate, blossom.
 * 6)  To start being aware of something; awaken morally, spiritually.
 * 7)  To evolve, arise, come forward (again).
 * 8)  To become religious, convert to a religion.
 * 1) To come out of one's thoughts, imagination; become lively.
 * 2)  To start growing again; foliate, blossom.
 * 3)  To start being aware of something; awaken morally, spiritually.
 * 4)  To evolve, arise, come forward (again).
 * 5)  To become religious, convert to a religion.
 * 1)  To evolve, arise, come forward (again).
 * 2)  To become religious, convert to a religion.
 * 1)  To become religious, convert to a religion.
 * 1)  To become religious, convert to a religion.
 * 1)  To become religious, convert to a religion.

title: ärkama


text: lùzhì

title: lùzhì


text:
𒇻𒂠𒊬

Noun

 * 1) turnip

title: 𒇻𒂠𒊬


text: yuánmù

title: yuánmù


text: dúyàn

title: dúyàn


text: běngběng

title: běngběng


text:
aevastama

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to sneeze
 * 2)  To spout air through the nose (and the mouth) due to an irritation of the nasal mucosa.
 * 3)  To show one's patronizing attitude; not care about, ignore something/someone (genitive + peale).
 * 1)  To show one's patronizing attitude; not care about, ignore something/someone (genitive + peale).
 * 1)  To show one's patronizing attitude; not care about, ignore something/someone (genitive + peale).

Synonyms

 * turtsuma
 * sülitama, sülgama, vilistama

title: aevastama


text:
barışmaq

Etymology
From reciprocal form of, whence also 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to be reconciled

title: barışmaq


text:
xiyaban

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) lane, alley
 * 2) allee, path (in a park)
 * 3)  street
 * 1)  street
 * 1)  street

title: xiyaban


text:
susamaq

Verb

 * 1)  to thirst, to be thirsty
 * 2)  to thirst, to desire vehemently

title: susamaq


text:
söymək

Etymology 1
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to curse, to swear at, to use abusive language
 * 2)  to criticize severely

Etymology 2
From, ultimately from. Compare development of /œj/ from /ev/ in dialectal →,  →.

title: söymək


text:
sönmək

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1)  to go out to be turned off or extinguished

title: sönmək


text:
saçmaq

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to shed,  to exhale
 * 2)  to radiate

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to scatter
 * 2) to pour

title: saçmaq


text:
hüzn

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) sorrow, sadness, grief

title: hüzn


text:
hüznlü

Etymology
From.

Adjective

 * 1) grieved, sorrowful

title: hüznlü


text:
göz dəyməsin

Etymology
Literally, 'May the (evil) eye not touch upon/hit [it]'.

Compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Interjection

 * 1)  when speaking of something good, especially children, said to prevent that from getting jinxed; touch wood/knock on wood

title: göz dəyməsin


text:
geyim

Etymology
From.

Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬,🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 etc.

Noun

 * 1) cloth, clothing

title: geyim


text:
burmaq

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1)  to curl to twist or form into ringlets
 * 2)  twist to turn the ends in opposite directions
 * 3)  turn change the direction or orientation of (something)
 * 4)  screw to connect or assemble pieces using a screw
 * 5)  to castrate remove the testicles of

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) finger

title: burmaq


text:
puuk

Etymology
Possibly from. Cognate with dialectal 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) tick (arachnid)

title: puuk