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African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde

The African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (Partido Africano para a Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde, PAIGC) is a political party in Guinea-Bissau. Originally formed to peacefully campaign for independence from Portugal, the party turned to armed conflict in the 1960s and was one of the belligerents in the Guinea-Bissau War of Independence. Towards the end of the war, the party established a socialist one-party state, which remained intact until multi-party democracy was introduced in the early 1990s. Although the party won the first multi-party elections in 1994, it was removed from power in the 1999–2000 elections. However, it returned to office after winning parliamentary elections in 2004 and presidential elections in 2005, since which it has remained the largest party in the National People's Assembly.

The PAIGC also governed Cape Verde, from its independence in 1975 to 1980. After the 1980 coup d'état in Guinea-Bissau, the Cape Verdean branch of the PAIGC was converted into a separate party, the African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde.

Pre-independence
The party was established in Bissau on 19 September 1956 as the African Party of Independence (Partido Africano da Independência), and was based on the Movement for the National Independence of Portuguese Guinea (Movimento para Independência Nacional da Guiné Portuguesa) founded in 1954 by Henri Labéry and Amílcar Cabral. The party had six founding members; Cabral, his brother Luís, Aristides Pereira, Fernando Fortes, Júlio Almeida and Elisée Turpin. Rafael Paula Barbosa became its first president, whilst Amílcar Cabral was appointed secretary-general.

The Pidjiguiti massacre in 1959 saw Portuguese soldiers open fire on protesting dockworkers, killing 50. The massacre caused a large segment of the population to swing towards the PAIGC's push for independence, although the Portuguese authorities still considered the movement to be irrelevant, and took no serious action in trying to suppress it. However, the massacre convinced the PAIGC leadership to resort to armed struggle against the Portuguese, and in September 1959 the party established a new headquarters in Conakry in neighbouring Guinea. In 1961, the PAIGC combined with the Mozambican FRELIMO and Angolan MPLA to establish the Conference of Nationalist Organizations of the Portuguese Colonies (CONCP), a common party to coordinate the struggles for independence of Portuguese colonies across Africa. The three groups were often represented at international events by the CONCP.

Armed struggle against the Portuguese began in March 1962 with an abortive attack by PAIGC guerrillas on Praia. Guerrilla warfare was largely concentrated to the mainland Guinea, however, as logistical reasons prevented an armed struggle on the Cape Verde islands. On the Cape Verde islands PAIGC worked in a clandestine manner. After being nearly crippled militarily, Amílcar Cabral ordered that sabotage be the PAIGC's main weapon until military strength could be regained. On 23 January 1963 the PAIGC started the Guinea-Bissau War of Independence by attacking a Portuguese garrison in Tite. Frequent attacks in the north also took place. In that same month, attacks on police stations in Fulacunda and Buba were carried out not only by the PAIGC but also by the FLING.

In January 1966, Amílcar Cabral attended the Tricontinental Conference 1966 in Havana and made a great impression on Fidel Castro. As a result of this, Cuba agreed to supply artillery experts, doctors and technicians to assist in the independence struggle. The head of the Cuban Military Mission was Víctor Dreke. In the context of the ongoing Cold War, PAIGC guerrillas also received Kalashnikovs from the USSR and recoilless rifles from the People's Republic of China, with all three countries helping train guerilla troops. SFR Yugoslavia sent a small cache of weapons to PAIGC in 1966.

The first party congress took place at liberated Cassaca in February 1964, in which both the political and military arms of the PAIGC were assessed and reorganized, with a regular army (Revolutionary Armed Forces of the People, FARP) to supplement the guerilla forces (The People's Guerrillas).

The party also founded a Pilot School in Conakry in this period, led by Lilica Boal from 1969 onward, with the goal of educating young fighters and war orphans.

Como Island was the site of a major battle between PAIGC and Portuguese forces, in which the PAIGC took control of the island and resisted fierce counterattacks by the Portuguese, including airstrikes by FAP (Portuguese: Força Aérea Portuguesa; Portuguese Air Force) F-86 Sabres. Following the loss of Como Island, the Portuguese army, navy and the air force (FAP) began the Operation Tridente, a combined arms operation to retake the island. The PAIGC fought fiercely, and the Portuguese took heavy casualties and gained ground slowly. Finally, after 71 days of fighting and 851 FAP combat sorties, the island was taken back by the Portuguese. However, less than two months later, the PAIGC would retake the island, as the Portuguese operation to capture it had depleted much of their invasion force, leaving the island vulnerable. However, Como Island ceased to be of strategic importance to Portugal following establishment of new PAIGC positions in the south, especially on the Cantanhez and Quitafine Peninsulas. Large numbers of Portuguese troops on these peninsulas were encircled and besieged by guerrillas.

Throughout the war, the Portuguese handled themselves poorly. It took them a long time to finally take the PAIGC seriously, diverting aircraft and troops based in Guinea to the conflicts in Mozambique and Angola, and by the time that the Portuguese government began to realise that the PAIGC was a significant threat to their continued rule over Guinea, it was too late. Very little was done to curtail the guerrilla operations; the Portuguese didn't try to sever the link between the populace and the PAIGC until very late in the war, and as a result, it became very dangerous for Portuguese troops to operate far from their fortresses.

By 1967, the PAIGC had carried out 147 attacks on Portuguese barracks and army encampments, and effectively controlled two-thirds of Portuguese Guinea. The following year, Portugal began a new campaign against the guerrillas with the arrival of the new governor of the colony, António de Spínola. Spínola began a massive construction campaign, building schools, hospitals, new housing and improving telecommunications and the road system, in an attempt to gain public favour in Guinea. PAIGC was the first African party to establish a comprehensive cooperative program with Sweden.

However, in 1970, the FAP began to use similar weapons to those the US was using in the Vietnam War: napalm and defoliants, the former to destroy guerrillas when they could find them, the latter to decrease the number of ambushes that occurred when they could not. Spínola's tenure as governor marked a turning point in the war: Portugal began to win battles, and in the Operation Green Sea, a Portuguese raid on Conakry, in the neighbouring Republic of Guinea, 400 amphibious troops attacked the city and freed 26 Portuguese prisoners of war kept there by the PAIGC. The USSR and Cuba began to send more weapons to Portuguese Guinea via Nigeria, notably several Ilyushin Il-14 aircraft to use as bombers.

Between August and November 1972 the party held elections to regional councils, whose members then elected a National Assembly. Whilst previous elections held by the Portuguese authorities saw suffrage limited to a few thousand people meeting tax and literacy requirements, these were arguably the first elections held in the territory under universal suffrage. Voters were presented with a list of PAIGC candidates, and had the choice to vote for or against. Around 78,000 people took part in the election, with 97% voting for the lists.

On 20 January 1973 Amílcar Cabral, was assassinated by naval commander Inocêncio Kani as part of a plan within the PAIGC to overthrow the leadership. However, despite Cabral's death, the plot failed to topple the leadership, and 94 people were subsequently found guilty of involvement, complicity or suspected complicity. Kani and at least ten others were executed in March. Later in the year independence was unilaterally declared on 24 September 1973 and was recognized by a 93–7 UN General Assembly vote in November, unprecedented as it denounced the Portuguese colonial rule as aggression and occupation. The UN recognition was prior to Portuguese recognition. The conflict had seen 1,875 Portuguese soldiers (out of 35,000 stationed in Portuguese Guinea) and some 6,000 (out of 10,000) PAIGC troops killed by the end of the eleven-year war.

Post-independence

After achieving independence, the PAIGC was instituted as the sole legal political party of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde, with Luís Cabral becoming President of Guinea-Bissau. A second set of one-party elections were held in 1976 and 1977. Although the PAIGC strove for a union between Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde, the union finally broke down following a military coup led by João Bernardo Vieira against the Cape Verdean Cabral in November 1980. The Cape Verdean branch of PAIGC was subsequently converted into a separate party, the African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde (PAICV).

Under Vieira, the party continued to govern the country in the 1980s and 1990s. One-party elections were held in 1984 and 1989, and Vieira was re-elected as PAIGC Secretary-General at the party's fourth congress in November 1986. Following the introduction of multi-party politics in May 1991, the first multi-party elections were held in 1994. The general elections also saw the introduction of the direct election of the president. Vieira beat Kumba Ialá of the Party for Social Renewal (PRS) in the run-off, while the PAIGC won 62 out of 100 seats in the National People's Assembly with 46% of the vote.

Vieira was re-elected for another four-year term as President of PAIGC in mid-May 1998 at the party's sixth congress, with 438 votes in favor, eight opposed, and four abstaining; the post of Secretary-General was abolished at this congress. An outbreak of civil war in June 1998 eventually led to the ousting of Vieira in May 1999. A few days later, former Prime Minister Manuel Saturnino da Costa was named acting President of the PAIGC on 12 May 1999. Vieira was expelled from PAIGC at a party congress in September 1999 for "treasonable offences, support and incitement to warfare, and practices incompatible with the statutes of the party". Francisco Benante, the leader of reformists within the party and the only civilian in the transitional military junta, was elected as the President of PAIGC at the end of the congress on 9 September 1999. Benante's candidacy was supported by the junta, and he received 174 votes against 133 votes for the only opposing candidate.

General elections were held in November 1999, with a presidential runoff on 16 January 2000. The elections saw the PAIGC lose power for the first time as PAIGC candidate Malam Bacai Sanhá lost to PRS leader Ialá in the presidential elections, whilst the PAIGC were reduced to being the third-largest party in the National People's Assembly after being beaten by the PRS and the Resistance of Guinea-Bissau-Bafatá Movement.

The 2004 legislative elections saw the PAIGC regain its position as the largest party, winning 45 of 100 seats. In May 2004 it formed a government with party leader, Carlos Gomes Júnior becoming Prime Minister. In the 2005 presidential election, PAIGC candidate Malam Bacai Sanhá was defeated in the second round by Vieira, who had returned from exile and ran as an independent. A few weeks after taking office, Vieira dismissed Carlos Gomes Júnior as Prime Minister and appointed Aristides Gomes, who had formerly been a high-ranking member of PAIGC but had left the party to support Vieira.

In March 2007, the PAIGC formed a three-party alliance with the PRS and the United Social Democratic Party as the three parties sought to form a new government. This led to a successful no-confidence vote against Aristides Gomes and his resignation late in the month; on 9 April Martinho Ndafa Kabi, the choice of the three parties, was appointed Prime Minister by Vieira, and on 17 April a new government was named, composed of ministers from the three parties. PAIGC withdrew its backing for Kabi on 29 February 2008, stating that this was done "to avoid acts of indiscipline threatening cohesion and unity in the party".

The PAIGC's seventh Ordinary Congress was held in Gabú in June 2008. Malam Bacai Sanhá, the party's presidential candidate in 2000 and 2005, challenged Gomes for the party leadership, but Gomes was re-elected for a five-year term as President of PAIGC by a vote of 578–355. Kabi, Cipriano Cassama (considered a dissident within the party and associated with Aristides Gomes), and Baciro Dja also contested the leadership election, but attracted comparatively little support.

After Kabi dismissed the directors of customs, taxes and the treasury on 25 July 2008 without notifying the party, the PAIGC decided to withdraw from the three-party stability pact that was signed in March 2007. Vieira then dismissed Kabi and appointed Carlos Correia as Prime Minister on 5 August. Parliamentary elections were subsequently held in November 2008, with the PAIGC winning two-thirds of the seats. In presidential elections the following year, Sanhá defeated Kumba Ialá in the run-off.

After Sanhá's death in January 2012, early presidential elections were held. Carlos Gomes Júnior was nominated as the PAIGC candidate, and advanced to the runoff alongside Iála, but a military coup in April prevented it taking place. General elections were eventually held in 2014, and saw PAIGC candidate José Mário Vaz elected president, whilst the party also retained its majority in the National People's Assembly, winning 57 of the 102 seats.

The party contested the 2023 legislative election as part of a broad coalition, the Inclusive Alliance Platform – Terra Ranka, that included UM, PCD, PSD and MDG and won a majority of the seats.

Foreign support
The PAIGC received support from the governments of China, Cuba, Soviet Union, Senegal, Guinea, Libya, Algeria, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Ghana.


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User:Grunners

All my contributions, with the exception of my user pages, are available under multi-license

It is currently Monday, 29 July, 2024; (GMT)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Grunners


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Talk:Operation: Mindcrime

Cleaning This Article
Wow, this article is really bad. The top of it needs to be expanded a lot, really, for such a monumental album. The bottom is just stolen fom an old webpage without credit to the author, and is exceptionally un-Wiki-like. That needs to be removed entirely.

The first sentence seems fine, but would it be better classified as a rock opera than a concept album? Its use of storyline, plot-driven songs and the discussions between them tie the album together a lot more than a concept album.

The paragraphs themselves seem extremely disconjointed - he article has no flow to it, throwing info on the movie version between two plot discussions.

_____

Queensrÿche's Wikipedia entry lists it as a progressive metal concept album. The concept album list on Wikipedia has it written there as well, and it's generally considered as such. I'd suggest that keeping it like that in the Op:Mindcrime entry simply for consistency's sake. --Stealth 20:59, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

_____

Article says: ''Dr. X takes notice and, seeing a potential threat in Mary to his cult of personality, orders Nikki to kill both her and the priest. Nikki goes to Mary's church and kills the priest, but, after confronting Mary, he fails to comply with the command to murder her. He and Mary decide to leave the organization together, and Nikki goes to Dr. X to tell him that they are out. Dr. X, however, reminds Nikki that he is an addict, and that he is the one who can provide him with his daily fix. Nikki leaves, conflicted and uncertain, and he returns to Mary only to find her dead.''

Live album "Mindcrime At The Moore" (2007) says what happened to Sister Mary. She was convinced by Dr.X to make a suicude. See (hear) "The Neddle Lies" after 3:18 from that live album (for eg. at Spotify: http://open.spotify.com/track/5hSIEcbIoUjURAwqst6TQS). Not sure if this should be added to article as it was probably added later to story (at the time of this concert? don't know). --morsik 15:31, 7 February 2015 (UTC)

There were 3 other singles from O:M. http://www.queensryche.com/releases/operation-mindcrime/singles.html

Thanks
I'm the author of the web page from whom the old article was stolen. I noticed that this article was copied verbatim a few months ago; I was uncomfortable with it but wasn't sure whether I should complain or ignore it. I appreciate the way the article has been cleaned up now.

Kazim27 15:30, 6 December 2005 (UTC)

Plot summary
I summed up the plot from what I got from the lyrics/existing summaries. Fair 'nuff? // Gargaj 21:23, 3 January 2006 (UTC)

Seems perfectly fine. As long as it's not complete and utter plagarism, it's fair to do. The previous page was really offensive to the author of the webpage. // Master_Yogurt

Mary's death
I read a Pamela Moore interview recently where she said something about Mary killing herself. I'll try to dig up a link. --cholmes75 18:43, 2 May 2006 (UTC)

I think that somewhere in the VideoCrime tape (this is secondhand from some website I saw it on some times ago) it has an image of Mary's body with the word "SUICIDE" written on it. I also recall reading on another page that during their last big tour (A Night With Queensryche, I think it was called?) Dr. X murdered Mary in some fashion (or caused her to commit suicide in some way--I know it involved a gun). We at least know Nikki didn't since his whole motive in Mindcrime II is getting revenge on X for framing him for it (but whether X did it himself or Mary suicided I can't be sure of right now.) So I think perhaps the band themselves have changed their mind over who killed Mary over the years--or perhaps the aformentioned "SUICIDE" image is/was some kind of red herring. --Onslaught Six 4:31 PM, 2 may 2006 (EST)

Indeed, Mary's death was a suicide (of sorts). She answered the phone in Nikki's apartment while he was out, and Dr. X hypnotized her to make her kill herself with the gun in his apartment. At least that's how it was portrayed in Night with Queensryche. --Master Yogurt 11:06 PM, 4 May 2006 (EST)

Hrmm. I think I vaguely recall reading somewhere 'else' that Nikki returned to the church to look at Mary's body one more time only to find the place swarming with cops, and that's when they take him in. I could be wrong, though....Bah, I wish they'd just come out and say what happened. >.> --Onslaught Six 4:16 AM, 7 May 2006 (EST)

Musicianship
Why isn't there a lyrics section on song pages in Wiki? Why is it not state what key the song is in (ex: Mozart sonata in D Major)? Why is there no musical perspective in this article? I find this strange since the band has always had a strong emphasis on originality and complexity in their compositions. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.106.91.9 (talk) 18:36, 24 September 2008 (UTC)

 * There are no lyrics because lyrics are copyrighted and cannot be reproduced without permission. There is no perspective because that would be mainly opinion and original research. Canterbury Tail   talk  12:05, 25 September 2008 (UTC)

Trivia
As of 2009, the now-current CPR course offered by the American Heart Association uses a (presumed fair use) clip of the introduction to Operation Mindcrime's: "I Remember Now," in which the voice on the overhead speaker system is calling for, "Dr. Blaire, Dr. Blaire, Dr. J. Hamilton, Dr. J. Hamilton. (Sound of door opening and closing.)" This has been validated by neither the American Heart Association, nor EMI records, but it popped out pretty clearly in the LifeSaver video for Health Care Providers. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Jeffreyeye (talk • contribs) 02:57, 13 February 2009 (UTC)

This sample predates use in Operation: Mindcrime by years, maybe decades. (the earliest one that I know of for sure is in Death Wish 3) 68.144.81.159 (talk) 00:34, 5 January 2010 (UTC)Brian J. Wright

 * It's a fairly common hospital sound bite, heard all over the place. A bit like the Wilhelm scream. Canterbury Tail   talk  01:20, 5 January 2010 (UTC)

The clip of Nikki answering the phone in Mindcrime was used on an Ayumi Hamasaki track as well. The word 'Mindcrime' was removed, though. SSBDelphiki (talk) 08:42, 18 February 2010 (UTC)

Still substandard
In my opinion, this article is still quite bad and incomplete for such an influential album (in progressive circles at least). The history section has little respect for chronology, there is no information about the writing and recording of the album, or sales figures at the time of release. Also, in my opinion, there is too much attention for O:M II. Of course, and unfortunately (opinion again), the sequel has to be mentioned. But the original dwarfs it in all aspects, and the article gives quite a different impression. Alterationx10 (talk) 18:24, 22 April 2011 (UTC)

Longest recorderd record (vinyl)?
I've been told that this album is the longest record vinyl record. Most records had a maximum of 45-50 minutes. This one is almost 60 minutes. This had a downfall on the quality of the vinyl. Can someone confirm this? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sreglov (talk • contribs) 14:32, 1 December 2012 (UTC)

Article quality
No section on critical reception, references to and from other works, sales figures and so on? — OwenBlacker (talk; please {{ping}} me in replies) 16:24, 30 January 2018 (UTC)

Further info on exposure to Canadian terrorists
Tate has an interviewer with a blogger that mentions how he was exposed to Quebec Separatists who were okay with using terrorism, but the source being a blog (and not his own blog talking about himself or his thoughts) it doesn't meet wiki-standards so can't go into the actual article. I place a link here for anyone curious:

A Conversation with Legendary Vocalist Geoff Tate: http://misplacedstraws.blogspot.com/2019/06/a-conversation-with-legendary-vocalist.html

--Wowaconia (talk) 03:40, 18 December 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Operation: Mindcrime


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Ali Landry

Ali Germaine Landry (born July 21, 1973) is an American actress, model and beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss USA 1996. She played Rita Lefleur on the UPN sitcom Eve and was the Doritos Girl in a 1998 Super Bowl commercial. In 1998, she was named by People magazine as one of 50 most beautiful people in the world.

Early life
Landry was named after Ali MacGraw after her mother had seen the 1970 film Love Story. Landry grew up in Cecilia, Louisiana, the daughter of Renella (Ray) and Gene Allen Landry. Landry is of French (Cajun) descent. She attended Cecilia High School, graduating in 1991. In high school, she was captain of the cheerleaders. She attended the University of Southwestern Louisiana, now University of Louisiana at Lafayette, and majored in mass communication. She is a member of Kappa Delta sorority.

Pageantry
Her first foray into pageantry came in 1990 when she was crowned Miss Louisiana Teen USA. She represented Louisiana in the 1990 Miss Teen USA pageant held in Biloxi, Mississippi in July 1990, where she placed first in the preliminary swimsuit and evening gown competitions, but was ranked seventh during the final competition.

In 1995, Landry won the 1996 Miss Louisiana USA title, becoming the first former Miss Louisiana Teen USA to win the Miss USA crown. She went on to compete in the 1996 Miss USA pageant, which was broadcast live from South Padre Island, Texas in February 1996 – she placed third highest after the preliminary competition and second highest on average during the final Top 10 competition. She was the highest placed of the Top 6 finalists and eventually went on to win the 1996 title.

She is the first former Miss Teen USA delegate to win the Miss USA crown outright (her predecessor Shanna Moakler, previously Miss Rhode Island Teen USA, Miss New York USA and first runner-up to Miss USA Chelsi Smith, only inherited the title after Smith became Miss Universe).

Landry competed in the 1996 Miss Universe pageant held in Las Vegas in May that year. She placed first in the preliminary competition and was ranked second in the evening gown and interview events during the final competition. She was second going into the next round of six delegates, but she was eliminated after the judges' questions.

Until 1999, Landry was the only former Miss Teen USA delegate to compete at Miss Universe. Her record at all three pageants was not surpassed until 2000 when Miss USA 2000, Lynnette Cole made the top 5 at all three pageants.

Post-pageants
Landry has done much modeling for photographers and magazines. As a spokeswoman for the Doritos chips brand, she appeared in celebrated TV commercials airing during the 1998, 1999 and 2000 Super Bowl football games. She was named by People magazine as one of the 50 most beautiful people in the world in 1998. Her house was featured on E!'s celebrity homes and on MTV's Cribs. She has been listed as one of FHM magazine's 100 Sexiest Women in the World numerous times. She was twice named on Stuff Magazine's 100 Sexiest Women list. Askmen.com has named her one of the 50 Most Beautiful Women and 99 Most Desirable Women in the World.

In 2002, she hosted the second season of the hidden-camera series Spy TV. From 2003 to 2006, she was a regular cast member of the UPN sitcom Eve.

Landry has participated in the show Fear Factor and was runner-up. She is an avid athlete and also participated in the Boston Marathon.

She has hosted the English and Spanish-language versions of Spotlight to Nightlight, an interview show on Yahoo! where she talks with celebrity mothers about parenting issues. She also launched a lifestyle line, Belle Parish in 2009. Belle Parish launched with a children's clothing line in September 2009, to be in stores spring 2010. The line is inspired by her Southern upbringing and the keepsake items her mother saved from her childhood.

Landry starred in (and was the executive producer of) TV Guide Network's show, Hollywood Moms' Club, in November 2011. For the year 2012 she was the new face and spokesmodel of Palmer's Cocoa Butter Formula, following in the footsteps of celeb moms Samantha Harris and Laila Ali who previously posed for Palmer's.

Personal life
Landry met actor and TV personality Mario Lopez when he presented the Miss Teen USA 1998 pageant and she was a commentator. They were engaged during the summer of 2003 and married on April 24, 2004, in a Catholic ceremony in front of 50 guests at the exclusive Las Alamandas resort outside Puerto Vallarta, Mexico. Two weeks later, she had the marriage annulled after learning that Lopez was unfaithful during his bachelor party before the wedding.

She married film director Alejandro Gómez Monteverde on April 8, 2006, in San Miguel de Allende, Mexico. They have three children: a daughter born in July 2007, and sons born in October 2011 and July 2013. Their son Valentin's middle name was inspired by Pope Francis, as Landry and Monteverde met him while she was pregnant and he blessed the baby.

Her father-in-law, Juan Manuel Gómez Fernández, and brother-in-law, Juan Manuel Gómez Monteverde, were found dead with fatal head wounds in Pueblo Viejo, in the Mexican state of Veracruz, on September 19, 2015, approximately two weeks after they were kidnapped from their home in nearby Tamaulipas. On November 9, 2015, six people were arrested for the kidnapping and murder of Gómez Fernández and Gómez Monteverde. The suspects were allegedly holding six Central American nationals hostage at the time of their arrest, according to the Chief of the Mexican Federal Police.

Filmography
Landry and her husband Alejandro Monteverde made the film Bella together. Bella was directed by Monteverde and was produced by their business partners Sean Wolfington, Eduardo Verástegui, Leo Severino, and Denise Pinckley. Monteverde and the filmmakers received honors for Bella from the Toronto Film Festival, the Smithsonian and the White House. The Smithsonian Latino Center honored Monteverde with their "Legacy Award". Monteverde was also given the "Outstanding American by Choice" award for Bella's positive contribution to Latino art and culture in the U.S.

US President George W. Bush and First Lady Laura Bush saw the film and invited Monteverde to sit with Laura Bush in her private box during the annual State of the Union speech in 2007.

title: Ali Landry


text: User talk:65.41.13.232

title: User talk:65.41.13.232


text:
Ex parte Bollman

Ex parte Bollman, 8 U.S. (4 Cranch) 75 (1807), was a case brought before the United States Supreme Court. Bollman held that the constitutional definition of treason excluded mere conspiracy to levy war against the United States.

Erick Bollman and Samuel Swartwout were civilians who became implicated in the Burr-Wilkinson Plot. This plot supposedly consisted of Aaron Burr and James Wilkinson attempting to create an empire in the United States, ruled by Burr. In 1806, Wilkinson informed President Thomas Jefferson of the plot, ending whatever may have actually been planned. Bollman and Swartwout attempted to recruit others into the plot, but these individuals informed the military, which promptly arrested them.

The Supreme Court decided that "To constitute a levying of war, there must be an assemblage of persons for the purpose of effecting by force a treasonable purpose. Enlistments of men to serve against government is not sufficient."

title: Ex parte Bollman


text: User talk:64.252.169.90

title: User talk:64.252.169.90


text: File:EC From the Cradle.jpg

title: File:EC From the Cradle.jpg


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Vinculum (symbol)

$$\overline{\rm AB}$$ line segment from A to B $1/7$ = 0.$\overline{142857}$ repeated 0.1428571428571428571... $$\overline{a + bi}$$ complex conjugate $$Y = \overline{AB}$$ boolean NOT (A AND B) $$\sqrt[n]{ab+2}$$ radical ab + 2 $$a-\overline{b+c}$$ = a − (b + c) bracketing function Vinculum usage

A vinculum is a horizontal line used in mathematical notation for various purposes. It may be placed as an overline or underline above or below a mathematical expression to group the expression's elements. Historically, vincula were extensively used to group items together, especially in written mathematics, but in modern mathematics its use for this purpose has almost entirely been replaced by the use of parentheses. It was also used to mark Roman numerals whose values are multiplied by 1,000. Today, however, the common usage of a vinculum to indicate the repetend of a repeating decimal is a significant exception and reflects the original usage.

History
The vinculum, in its general use, was introduced by Frans van Schooten in 1646 as he edited the works of François Viète (who had himself not used this notation). However, earlier versions, such as using an underline as Chuquet did in 1484, or in limited form as Descartes did in 1637, using it only in relation to the radical sign, were common.

Modern
A vinculum can indicate a line segment where A and B are the endpoints:
 * $$\overline{\rm AB}.$$

A vinculum can indicate the repetend of a repeating decimal value:
 * $1/7$ = 0.$\overline{142857}$ = 0.1428571428571428571...

A vinculum can indicate the complex conjugate of a complex number:
 * $$\overline{2 + 3i} = 2 - 3i$$

Logarithm of a number less than 1 can conveniently be represented using vinculum:
 * $$\log 2 = 0.301 \Rightarrow \log 0.2 = \overline{1}.301 = -0.699$$

In Boolean algebra, a vinculum may be used to represent the operation of inversion (also known as the NOT function): meaning that Y is false only when both A and B are both true - or by extension, Y is true when either A or B is false.
 * $$Y = \overline{AB},$$

Similarly, it is used to show the repeating terms in a periodic continued fraction. Quadratic irrational numbers are the only numbers that have these.

Historical
Formerly its main use was as a notation to indicate a group (a bracketing device serving the same function as parentheses):

 * $$a-\overline{b+c},$$

meaning to add b and c first and then subtract the result from a, which would be written more commonly today as $a − (b + c)$. Parentheses, used for grouping, are only rarely found in the mathematical literature before the eighteenth century. The vinculum was used extensively, usually as an overline, but Chuquet in 1484 used the underline version.

In India, the use of this notation is still tested in primary school.

As a part of a radical
The vinculum is used as part of the notation of a radical to indicate the radicand whose root is being indicated. In the following, the quantity $$ab+2$$ is the whole radicand, and thus has a vinculum over it:

 * $$\sqrt[n]{ab+2}.$$

In 1637 Descartes was the first to unite the German radical sign √ with the vinculum to create the radical symbol in common use today.

The symbol used to indicate a vinculum need not be a line segment (overline or underline); sometimes braces can be used (pointing either up or down).

TeX
In LaTeX, a text can be overlined with. The inner  is necessary to override the math-mode (here invoked by the dollar signs) which the   demands.

title: Vinculum (symbol)


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Bill Kurtis

Bill Kurtis (born William Horton Kuretich; September 21, 1940) is an American television journalist, television producer, narrator, and news anchor.

Kurtis was studying to become a lawyer in the 1960s, when he was asked to fill in on a temporary news assignment at WIBW-TV in Topeka, Kansas. His reporting on a devastating tornado outbreak led to a position as on-air news reporter and, later, a successful career as a news anchor in Chicago. He has been noted for his sonorous voice throughout his career. In the early 1980s, he anchored The CBS Morning News in New York City and became especially interested in investigative in-depth reports and documentaries. When he returned to Chicago and for a time resumed his anchor duties, he also founded a production company, Kurtis Productions.

Kurtis hosted or produced a number of crime and news documentary shows, including Investigative Reports, American Justice, and Cold Case Files. Kurtis is currently the scorekeeper/announcer for National Public Radio (NPR)'s news comedy/quiz show Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me! and the host of Through the Decades, a documentary-style news magazine on Decades (now Catchy Comedy).

Early life
William Horton Kuretich was born on September 21, 1940, in Pensacola, Florida, to Wilma Mary Horton (1911–2002) and William A. Kuretich (Croatian: Kuretić), of Croatian origin (1914–2001), a United States Marine Corps brigadier general and decorated veteran of World War II. His father's military career included extensive travel for his family. Upon his retirement, the family settled in Independence, Kansas.

His sister is former Kansas state Senate Majority Whip Jean Schodorf, of Wichita, Kansas.

At age 16, Kurtis began working as an announcer for KIND, a radio station in Independence. He graduated from Independence High School in 1958, the University of Kansas with a Bachelor of Science degree in journalism in 1962 and he earned a Juris Doctor degree from Washburn University School of Law in 1966. While in law school he worked part-time at WIBW-TV in Topeka, Kansas. After passing the Kansas bar examination and accepting a job with a Wichita, Kansas law firm, Kurtis discussed his options with Harry Colmery and Bob McClure of Colmery and Russell and decided not to pursue a career in law.

Kurtis served as an enlisted man in the United States Marine Corps Reserve (Topeka, Kansas 1962–1966). He was commissioned a lieutenant (j.g.) in the United States Navy Reserve (Chicago, 1966–1969).

Television career
On the evening of June 8, 1966, Kurtis left a bar review class at Washburn to fill in for a friend at WIBW-TV to anchor the 6 o'clock news. Severe weather was approaching Topeka, so Kurtis stayed to update some weather reports. At 7:00 p.m., while on the air, a tornado was sighted by WIBW cameraman Ed Rutherford southwest of the city. Within 15 seconds another sighting came in: "It's wiped out an apartment complex." Kurtis's warning – "For God's sake, take cover" – became synonymous with the Tornado outbreak sequence of June 1966 that left 18 dead and injured hundreds more. Kurtis and the WIBW broadcast team remained on the air for 24 straight hours to cover the initial tornado and its aftermath. As the only television station in town and one of the few radio stations left undamaged, WIBW became a communications hub for emergency operations. The experience changed Kurtis's career path from law to broadcast news. Within three months, after seeing his work covering the tornado, WBBM-TV in Chicago hired Kurtis and set the stage for a 30-year career with CBS.

The year 1966 in Chicago was the beginning of a tumultuous four years, and as a reporter and anchor Kurtis was in the middle of historic events. He covered the neighborhood fires that followed the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. and again when Robert F. Kennedy was shot. Protests against the Vietnam War dominated the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago, which Kurtis covered. In 1969, Kurtis produced a documentary about Iva Toguri D'Aquino, "Tokyo Rose", the first interview since her conviction for treason in 1949. His reporting, along with that of Ron Yates of the Chicago Tribune, helped persuade President Gerald Ford to pardon her in 1977. His legal education came into play when he covered the Chicago Seven conspiracy trial in 1969, which led to a job with CBS News in Los Angeles as correspondent. One of his first assignments was covering the Charles Manson murder trial for 10 months. He also covered the murder trials of Angela Davis and Juan Corona and the Pentagon Papers trial of Daniel Ellsberg.

In 1973, Kurtis returned to Chicago to co-anchor the 10 p.m. newscast with Walter Jacobson at WBBM-TV. In 1978, his investigative focus unit broke the story of Agent Orange, a defoliant sprayed on U.S. soldiers in Vietnam. After a dramatic screening of the documentary in Washington, D.C., the Veterans Administration issued guidelines to diagnose and compensate those veterans affected by Agent Orange. Kurtis returned to Vietnam in 1980 to cover the Vietnamese side of the story and, while there, discovered some 15,000 Vietnamese children conceived and left behind by Americans when the U.S. left in 1975. A story Kurtis wrote for The New York Times Magazine was instrumental in obtaining special status for the children to enter the United States, where they live today.

In 1982, Kurtis joined Diane Sawyer on The CBS Morning News, the network broadcast from New York City. The two were also on the CBS Early Morning News, which aired an hour earlier on most CBS stations. He also anchored three CBS Reports: The Plane That Fell from the Sky, The Golden Leaf, and The Gift of Life.

He returned to WBBM-TV in 1985. In 1986, Kurtis hosted a four-part science series on PBS called The Miracle Planet as well as a four-part series in 1987 on the Central Intelligence Agency. He formed his own documentary production company, Kurtis Productions, in 1988, the same year he produced "Return to Chernobyl" for the PBS series Nova. Kurtis narrated nearly 1,000 documentaries, and Kurtis Productions produced nearly 500 documentaries for series such as The New Explorers on PBS; Investigative Reports and Cold Case Files for A&E; and Investigating History for the History Channel. He also hosted American Justice, produced by Towers Productions. For CNBC, the company has produced over 200 episodes of American Greed.

In 1994, Kurtis obtained a videotape showing Richard Speck, convicted of murdering eight student nurses in Chicago in 1966, having jailhouse sex and using drugs within the maximum security facility known as Stateville Correctional Center in Joliet, Illinois. He aired a report on WBBM-TV and produced a documentary for A&E Network, resulting in the most sweeping changes to the Illinois penal system in its history.

Kurtis re-teamed with Walter Jacobson in 2010 to host WBBM-TV's 6 p.m. newscast; they had co-hosted the station's ratings-dominant 10 p.m. newscast from 1973 to Kurtis's move in 1982 to The CBS Morning News. Having achieved the hoped-for ratings boost for the newscast, Kurtis and Jacobson retired as news anchors in 2013.

Kurtis has received two Peabody Awards, numerous Emmy Awards, awards from the Overseas Press Club, and a DuPont Award. He has been inducted into the Illinois and Kansas Halls of Fame. In 1998, he was awarded the University of Kansas William Allen White citation.

He is the narrator of a multimedia book by Joe Garner, We Interrupt This Broadcast, with a foreword by Walter Cronkite and an epilogue by Brian Williams, which was a sequel to the Edward R. Murrow record album I Can Hear It Now. Kurtis has authored three books: On Assignment (1984), Death Penalty on Trial (2004), and Prairie Table Cookbook (2008).

In June 2015, Kurtis commenced lead hosting duties of Through the Decades, a daily news magazine that covers historical events from that particular day since the advent of television. His co-hosts are reporters Kerry Sayers and Ellee Pai Hong. The program ended when Decades was rebranded to Catchy Comedy in February 2023.

Film work
Kurtis narrated the 2010 documentary film Carbon Nation by Peter Byck and was the narrator in the 2004 film starring Will Ferrell, Anchorman: The Legend of Ron Burgundy and its sequel Anchorman 2: The Legend Continues (2013).

On July 8, 2013, Kurtis was named the Voice of Illinois Tourism.

Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!
On several occasions starting in 2009, Kurtis appeared on NPR's news quiz show Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!, filling in for regular announcer Carl Kasell. He replaced Kasell on a permanent basis on May 24, 2014. One segment of the show has Kurtis reading out three news-related limericks with the last word or phrase missing for contestants to fill in.

In popular culture
Author Randy Shilts decided to write his seminal 1987 book And the Band Played On: Politics, People, and The AIDS Epidemic after attending an awards ceremony in 1983. As described in the book, Kurtis gave the keynote address and told a joke: "What's the hardest part about having AIDS? Trying to convince your wife that you're Haitian." Shilts believed the joke exemplified the "business as usual" treatment of AIDS in government and media.

In the animated series South Park, Eric Cartman owns a board game called "Investigative Reports with Bill Kurtis", featuring a talking Bill Kurtis bust. The boys can be seen playing the game in South Park's season four episode "Cartman Joins NAMBLA" (2000) and season eight episode "Up the Down Steroid" (2004). The game can also be seen on the shelf of a hobby store in the episode "Cock Magic" (2014).

Kurtis also contributed a spoken-word introduction to The Dandy Warhols' 2005 album Odditorium or Warlords of Mars.

The Shrine of Christ's Passion, an interactive half-mile winding pathway of 40 life-size bronze statues depicting the Stations of the Cross that opened in June 2008, features a description of each scene and a short meditation recorded by Kurtis.

Personal life
Kurtis and his wife, Helen, had two children, a daughter and a son. Mary Kristen was born in 1966, and Scott in 1970. Kurtis's wife Helen died at age 36 of breast cancer on June 11, 1977, in Omaha, Nebraska. He married his partner of 40 years, former Chicago TV news producer Donna La Pietra, on December 13, 2017. La Pietra was a partner with Kurtis in his Kurtis Productions company. Kurtis has homes in the Lincoln Park neighborhood of Chicago and in Mettawa, Illinois.

Kurtis and his sister, Jean Schodorf, inherited the historic site of the Little House on the Prairie as designated by the State of Kansas. It is now a not-for-profit museum with their grandmother's one-room schoolhouse, a tiny post office from Wayside, Kansas, a homesteader's farmhouse, and attendant farm buildings.

Kurtis's father was a cousin of Frank Kurtis, who is in the Indianapolis 500 Hall of Fame.

Kurtis' son, Scott, died on July 20, 2009, at age 38 at the Kansas cattle ranch owned by his father. Scott Kurtis was known to have suffered from paranoid schizophrenia since his mid-teens.

In 2005, Kurtis founded Tallgrass Beef Company, which raised and distributed grass-fed, hormone-free organic beef. Some of the beef sold came from cattle raised on Kurtis's ranch in Sedan, Kansas. On July 15, 2013, Tallgrass Beef Company, LLC forfeited its registration with the Kansas Secretary of State to do business in the state of Kansas.

Writing credits

 * Bill Kurtis on Assignment published October 1, 1983, by Rand McNally; ISBN 0-528-81005-7
 * The Death Penalty on Trial: Crisis in American Justice about the death penalty was published November 30, 2004, by PublicAffairs; ISBN 1-58648-169-X
 * Prairie Table Cookbook, with Michelle M. Martin, published 2007-12-11 by Sourcebooks, Inc., ISBN 978-1-4022-1049-5

Media

 * Interview on The BusinessMakers Show

title: Bill Kurtis


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User talk:Krotos

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Flatliners

Flatliners is a 1990 American science fiction psychological horror film directed by Joel Schumacher, produced by Michael Douglas and Rick Bieber, and written by Peter Filardi. It stars Kiefer Sutherland, Julia Roberts, William Baldwin, Oliver Platt, and Kevin Bacon. The film is about five medical students who attempt to find out what lies beyond death by conducting clandestine experiments that produce near-death experiences. The film was shot on the campus of Loyola University Chicago between October 1989 and January 1990, and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Sound Editing in 1990 (Charles L. Campbell and Richard C. Franklin). The film was theatrically released on August 10, 1990, by Columbia Pictures. It grossed $61 million at the box office.

A follow-up film directed by Danish filmmaker Niels Arden Oplev was released in September 2017, also featuring Sutherland in a starring role.

Plot
Medical student Nelson Wright convinces classmates Joe Hurley, David Labraccio, Rachel Manus, and Randy Steckle to help him discover what lies beyond death. Nelson flatlines for one minute before his classmates resuscitate him. While "dead", he sees a boy he bullied as a child, Billy Mahoney. He merely tells his friends that he cannot describe what he saw, but something is there. The others follow Nelson's feat.

Joe flatlines next and experiences an erotic sequence linked to his promiscuous lifestyle. After arguing with Rachel and out-bidding her on the length of time that they are willing to remain “dead”, David is third to flatline on Halloween and sees a girl, Winnie Hicks, whom he bullied in grade school.

The three men later start to experience hallucinations related to their visions. Nelson gets physically assaulted by Billy Mahoney twice. Joe, engaged to be married, is haunted by the women that he surreptitiously videotaped during his sexual dalliances, who taunt him with the same false promises he used on them. On a train, David is confronted by the 8-year-old Winnie, who taunts him the way he taunted her.

Rachel decides to flatline next. David rushes in, intending to stop the others from giving her their same fate, but arrives too late. Rachel nearly dies when the power goes out and the men cannot shock her with defibrillator paddles. She survives, but she too is haunted by the memory of her father dying by suicide when she was young.

The three men reveal their harrowing experiences to one another, and David decides to put his visions to a stop. Meanwhile, Joe's fiancée, Anne, comes to his apartment and, having discovered his videos, ends their relationship. Joe's visions cease after Anne leaves him.

David goes to visit a now adult Winnie and apologizes. She accepts his apology and thanks him, who feels a weight lifted off his shoulders. David then finds Nelson, who accompanied him to visit Winnie, beating himself with an axe. In Nelson's mind, Billy is again attempting to beat him to death. David stops him, and they return to town, where Rachel confronts Nelson about withholding the supernatural nature of the experiments from the rest of them, then storms off. David later instructs Joe and Randy to help Nelson find Billy.

Having an idea of what Rachel has experienced, David offers to let her stay with him and they fall asleep together. Meanwhile, Nelson takes Randy and Joe to a graveyard. He killed Billy as a kid by throwing rocks until he fell out of a tree. They try to convince Nelson that what he did was accidental, but he does not listen. They are eventually stranded when Nelson storms off in Joe's Mustang.

David leaves Rachel to rescue Joe and Randy at the cemetery. While alone, she goes to the bathroom and finds her father. He apologizes to Rachel, whose guilt over his death is lifted after he reveals he was addicted to morphine and his suicide was related to post-traumatic stress disorder resulting from his tour in Vietnam. Nelson calls David's house, and when Rachel answers he tells her he needs to flatline again to make amends. He apologizes for involving her and their friends in his reckless plan.

The three men realize what he intends and race to stop Nelson, who has been dead for nine minutes when they arrive. Together with Rachel, the four friends work to save him. In the afterlife, the boy Nelson is in the tree being stoned by Billy from the ground and dies from the subsequent fall. When almost all of his friends are about to give up on reviving Nelson, Billy forgives him. David gives Nelson one last shock, which brings him back.

Cast

 * Kiefer Sutherland as Nelson Wright
 * Aeryk Egan as Young Nelson
 * Julia Roberts as Rachel Manus
 * Kevin Bacon as David Labraccio
 * John Joseph Duda as Young David
 * William Baldwin as Joe Hurley
 * Oliver Platt as Randy Steckle
 * Kimberly Scott as Winnie Hicks
 * Kesha Reed as Young Winnie
 * Joshua Rudoy as Billy Mahoney
 * Benjamin Mouton as Jack Manus
 * Hope Davis as Anne Coldren
 * Patricia Belcher as Edna
 * Beth Grant as Housewife

Release
Columbia Pictures released Flatliners theatrically on August 10, 1990. The film debuted at number 1 at the US box office, grossing $10 million on its opening weekend. It grossed $61.5 million total in the United States.

Reception
The review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 50% of critics give the film a positive review based on 54 reviews, with the critical consensus "While it boasts an impressive cast, striking visuals, and an effective mood, Flatliners never quite jolts its story to life." On Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average rating to reviews, the film has a score 55 out of 100, based on 10 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale.

In her review for The New York Times, Caryn James wrote, "when taken on its own stylish terms, Flatliners is greatly entertaining. Viewers are likely to go along with this film instantly or else ridicule it to death. Its atmospheric approach doesn't admit much middle ground." Critic Roger Ebert praised the film as "an original, intelligent thriller, well-directed by Joel Schumacher" and called the cast "talented young actors, [who] inhabit the shadows with the right mixture of intensity, fear and cockiness". But Ebert criticized Flatliners for "plot manipulation that is unworthy of the brilliance of its theme. I only wish it had been restructured so we didn't need to go through the same crisis so many times." Similarly, Peter Travers of Rolling Stone magazine praised the film's young stars, but complained that "by dodging the questions it raises about life after death, Flatliners ends up tripping on timidity. It's a movie about daring that dares nothing."

Entertainment Weekly gave the film a "D" rating and Owen Gleiberman wrote, "What isn't in evidence is the sort of overheated lunacy that made the William Hurt speed-freak trip movie Altered States (1980) such delectable trash. Flatliners is camp, but of a very low order. Schumacher is too intent on pandering to the youth market to take the mad risks and plunges that make for a scintillating bad movie." In contrast, The Washington Post's Rita Kempley loved the film, calling it: "a heart-stopping, breathtakingly sumptuous haunted house of a movie". The film has become a cult film.

Soundtrack

 * "Party Town" – Written and performed by Dave Stewart and the Spiritual Cowboys
 * "The Clapping Song" – Written by Lincoln Chase

Follow-up
On October 5, 2015, a follow-up starring Elliot Page and Diego Luna was announced, following the casting of Nina Dobrev, James Norton and Kiersey Clemons. Kiefer Sutherland also appears in the remake. Sutherland had originally announced that he was reprising his role as Nelson Wright, revealing that the new film would actually be a sequel rather than a remake. However, upon release, Sutherland's character is identified as Barry Wolfson; a deleted scene indicates Sutherland is in fact playing the same character, living under a new identity. Directed by Danish filmmaker Niels Arden Oplev, it was released on September 29, 2017.

title: Flatliners


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Nothing Safe: Best of the Box

Nothing Safe: Best of the Box is the first greatest hits album by the American rock band Alice in Chains. It was released on June 29, 1999, on Columbia Records. The previously unreleased track "Get Born Again" was released as a single to promote the album and peaked at No. 4 on Billboard's Mainstream Rock Tracks chart, and at No. 12 on the Modern Rock Tracks chart. "Get Born Again" was also nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock Performance in 2000.

Overview
The album is the first of Alice in Chains's best-of albums, and also served as a sampler for their Music Bank box set. Nothing Safe contains newly remastered tracks from previous albums Facelift, Sap, Dirt, Jar of Flies, Alice in Chains and Unplugged, as well as the previously unreleased track "Get Born Again", recorded between September and October 1998.

Despite the "Best of the Box" album subtitle, this compilation includes several tracks not found on the Music Bank box set.

The demo version of "We Die Young" was previously unreleased and did not appear on Music Bank. This track remains exclusive to this collection.

The live version of "Rooster" found here was also previously unreleased, and similarly, did not appear on Music Bank. However, this track was re-released in 2000 on the compilation, Live.

The remastered, "unplugged" version of "Got Me Wrong" was also omitted from Music Bank.

The version of "What The Hell Have I" that appears here is the original version mixed by Andy Wallace, not the version remixed by Toby Wright that appears on Music Bank.

The newly remastered version of "Again" that is found on Nothing Safe was also left off of the Music Bank compilation in favor of a techno/electronic dance remix of the song called, "Again (Tattoo Of Pain Mix)".

Unlike the version found on Music Bank, "Iron Gland" is featured with the beginning drum found on the Dirt track "Dam That River".

Because of these differences, many fans consider Nothing Safe to be a companion piece to the Music Bank box set.

A "Best Buy Exclusive" issue of the CD included a bonus disc in a cardboard sleeve, with live versions of "Angry Chair" and "Man in the Box".

Release and reception
The album was certified platinum by the RIAA, and the revenue generated from the album was used to fund the Music Bank box set.

The album has received mainly positive reviews, with critics praising the compilation's inclusion of rare material, along with the band's hits. AllMusic staff writer Steve Huey gave the album a four star rating writing "The package is not unattractive, since nearly all the hits are present in some form; also included are the new song "Get Born Again" and the better of the group's two contributions to the Last Action Hero soundtrack, "What the Hell Have I."

Bill Adams of Ground Control Magazine, reviewing Alice in Chains Discography wrote "To its credit, Nothing Safe is a solid compilation of odds, ends, live tracks, studio cuts, soundtrack appearances and rarities, which serves its purpose for giving 'in-passing' fans a pretty enjoyable set".

Track listing
All tracks written by Jerry Cantrell, except where noted.

"Rooster" is not present on the iTunes edition.

Personnel

 * Jerry Cantrell – Lead and rhythm guitar, backing vocals, lead vocals on "Grind", co-lead vocals on "Would?"
 * Layne Staley – Lead vocals, rhythm guitar on "Angry Chair"
 * Sean Kinney – Drums
 * Mike Starr – Bass (tracks 2–8, 15)
 * Mike Inez – Bass (tracks 1, 9–14)
 * Tom Araya – vocals on "Iron Gland"
 * Alice in Chains – Producer
 * Bryan Carlstrom – engineer
 * Ronnie S. Champagne – engineer
 * Alex Coletti – producer
 * John Harris – engineer
 * Dave Jerden – producer, engineer, mixing
 * Stephen Marcussen – mastering

 * Rick Parashar – producer
 * Andy Wallace – mixing
 * Tony Wilson – producer
 * Toby Wright – producer, engineer, mixing
 * Tom Nellen – engineer
 * Peter Fletcher – producer, compilation producer
 * Mike Walter – engineer
 * Rocky Schenck – photography
 * Mary Maurer – art direction, design
 * Danny Clinch – photography
 * Marty Temme – photography
 * Brandy Flower – design
 * Young Sun Lim – artwork, art direction
 * Chris McCann – photography

Singles

 * I Peaked on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart, a 25-song extension to the original Billboard Hot 100 chart.

title: Nothing Safe: Best of the Box


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The Lost Boys

The Lost Boys is a 1987 American supernatural black comedy horror film directed by Joel Schumacher, produced by Harvey Bernhard with a screenplay written by Jeffrey Boam, Janice Fischer and James Jeremias, from a story by Fischer and Jeremias. The film's ensemble cast includes Corey Feldman, Jami Gertz, Corey Haim, Edward Herrmann, Barnard Hughes, Jason Patric, Kiefer Sutherland, and Dianne Wiest.

The film follows two teenage brothers who move with their divorced mother to the fictional town of Santa Carla, California, only to discover that the town is a haven for vampires. The title is a reference to the Lost Boys in J. M. Barrie's stories about Peter Pan and Neverland, who, like vampires, never grow up. Most of the film was shot in Santa Cruz, California.

The Lost Boys was released by Warner Bros. Pictures on July 31, 1987, and was a critical and commercial success, grossing over $32 million against a production budget of $8.5 million. It has since then been described as a cult classic. The success of the film spawned a franchise with two sequels (Lost Boys: The Tribe and Lost Boys: The Thirst), and two comic book series.

Plot
Michael Emerson and his younger brother Sam move with their recently divorced mother Lucy from Phoenix, Arizona, to the fictional small seaside town of Santa Carla, California, to live with their eccentric maternal grandfather.

Lucy gets a job at a video store owned by bachelor Max. Michael becomes fascinated by Star, a beautiful girl he spots on the boardwalk, though she seems to be with David, the leader of a biker gang.

In the local comic book store, Sam meets brothers Edgar and Alan Frog, a pair of self-proclaimed vampire hunters. They give a skeptical Sam horror comics to teach him about the undead threat they claim has infiltrated the town.

Through Star, Michael is drawn into the orbit of David's motorcycle gang. They challenge him with several tests of courage and offer him initiation into the gang. During a meal in their hangout, an abandoned luxury hotel sunken beneath the cliff by the 1906 earthquake, Star warns Michael that an offered bottle is blood, but he disregards her and drinks from it.

Michael begins to transform; his eyes become sensitive to sunlight, the smell of food revolts him, and his reflection becomes translucent. He develops a craving for blood and attempts to attack Sam but is stopped by Sam's dog, Nanook. Sam is terrified, but Michael convinces him that he is not yet a vampire and needs help. Sam deduces that, as Michael has not yet killed anyone, he is a "half-vampire", and his condition is reversible upon the head vampire's death. Sam and the Frog brothers suspect Max of being the head vampire, but while Max is over at Sam's house for dinner with Lucy, they observe that he has a reflection.

David tries to provoke Michael into killing, but Michael repeatedly refuses. Star reveals that she and Laddie, the youngest of the gang, are also still partly human and that David intended for Michael to be Star's first kill, sealing her fate as a vampire.

Michael leads Sam and the Frog brothers to the gang's lair when they are asleep during the day. They impale one vampire, Marko, with a wooden stake, awakening the others. The boys escape, rescuing Star and Laddie. Realizing the gang will come after them that night, the teens arm themselves with holy water-filled water guns, a longbow, and stakes, barricading themselves in the house. When night falls, David's gang attacks. The Frog brothers, Sam, and Nanook take out two of the gang while Michael and David battle each other. David is impaled, but there is no change in Michael, Star, or Laddie, prompting the group to conclude they still have not accounted for the head vampire.

Lucy and Max return home from a date. Max says he is the head vampire, attributing his reflection earlier to Michael inviting him into the house. Max explains that he instructed David to turn Sam and Michael into vampires so that Lucy could not refuse to be transformed, as his objective had been to make Lucy a mother to his lost boys. As Max pulls Lucy to him, preparing to transform her, Grandpa crashes his truck through the wall of the house, impaling Max on a wooden fence post and causing him to explode. Michael, Star, and Laddie then return to normal. When Lucy, Michael, and Sam go to see if Grandpa is all right, he replies, "The one thing about living in Santa Carla I never could stomach: all the damn vampires."

Background
A March 5, 1985 Variety news item announced that the independent production company Producers Sales Organization (PSO) bought first-time screenwriters Janice Fischer and James Jeremias' Lost Boys script for $400,000 on February 20, 1985. PSO announced their acquisition of the project at the American Film Market in 1985. Warner Bros. later joined the project, taking over domestic distribution and some foreign territories.

The film's title is a reference to the characters featured in J. M. Barrie's Peter Pan stories, who—like vampires—never grow old. Jeremias said, "I had read Anne Rice's Interview with the Vampire, and in that there was a 200-year-old vampire trapped in the body of a 12-year-old girl. Since Peter Pan had been one of my all-time favourite stories, I thought, 'What if the reason Peter Pan came out at night and never grew up and could fly was because he was a vampire?'" According to academic William Patrick Day, the central theme of The Lost Boys, "organized around loose allusions to Peter Pan", is the tension surrounding the Emerson family and the world of contemporary adolescence. The film was originally set to be directed by Richard Donner, and Fischer and Jeremias' screenplay was modeled on Donner's recent film The Goonies (1985). In this way the film was envisioned as more of a juvenile vampire adventure with 13 or 14-year-old vampires, while the Frog brothers were "chubby 8 year-old Cub Scouts" and the character of Star was a young boy. When Donner committed to other projects, Joel Schumacher was approached to direct the film although Donner eventually received credit as an executive producer. He came up with the idea of making the film sexier and more adult, bringing on screenwriter Jeffrey Boam to retool the script and raise the ages of the characters.

Casting
Schumacher said he had "one of the greatest [casts] in the world. They are what make the film." Most of the younger cast members were relatively unknown. Schumacher and Marion Dougherty met with many candidates. Jason Patric was approached early on by Schumacher to play Michael, but Patric had no interest in doing a vampire film and turned it down "many times". Eventually he was won over by Schumacher's vision and his promise to allow the cast a lot of "creative input" in making the film. According to Kiefer Sutherland, Patric "was really instrumental" in adapting the script with Schumacher and shaping the film.

Schumacher envisioned the character of Star as being a waifish blonde, similar to Meg Ryan, but he was convinced by Jason Patric to consider Jami Gertz, who had just worked with Patric in Solarbabies (1986). Schumacher was impressed, but only at Patric's insistence did he finally cast Gertz. Schumacher was surprised when his first choice for the role of Lucy, Dianne Wiest, accepted the role, as she had just recently won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for Hannah and Her Sisters (1986).

After seeing Kiefer Sutherland's portrayal of Tim in At Close Range, Schumacher arranged a reading with him at which they got on very well. Sutherland had just completed work on Stand by Me when he was offered the role of David. Schumacher said Sutherland "can do almost anything. He's a born character actor. You can see it in The Lost Boys. He has the least amount of dialogue in the movie, but his presence is extraordinary."

Principal photography
Most of the film was shot in Santa Cruz, California, starting on June 2, 1986, and ending on June 23, 1986 after 21 days of filming. Locations include the Santa Cruz Boardwalk, the Pogonip open space preserve, and the surrounding Santa Cruz Mountains. Other locations included a cliffside on the Palos Verdes Peninsula in Los Angeles County, used for the entrance to the vampire cave, and a valley in Santa Clarita near Magic Mountain where introductory shots were filmed for the scene where Michael and the Lost Boys hang from a railway bridge. Stage sets included the vampire cave, built on Stage 12 of the Warner Bros. lot, and a recreation of the interior and exterior of the Pogonip clubhouse on Stage 15, which stood in for Grandpa's house.

Sutherland broke his right wrist while doing a wheelie on his motorcycle and had to wear gloves on set to conceal the cast. His motorcycle for the movie was adapted so he could operate it with his left hand only.

Box office
The Lost Boys opened at number two during its opening weekend, with a domestic gross of over $5.2 million. It went on to gross a domestic total of over $32.2 million against an $8.5 million budget.

Critical response
On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 77% based on 77 reviews, with an average rating of 6.4/10. The website's critics consensus reads, "Flawed but eminently watchable, Joel Schumacher's teen vampire thriller blends horror, humor, and plenty of visual style with standout performances from a cast full of young 1980s stars." On Metacritic, it has a weighted average score of 63 out of 100 based on 16 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A−" on an A+ to F scale.

Roger Ebert gave the film two-and-a-half out of four stars, praising the cinematography and "a cast that's good right down the line", but ultimately describing Lost Boys as a triumph of style over substance and "an ambitious entertainment that starts out well but ends up selling its soul." Caryn James of The New York Times called Dianne Wiest's character a "dopey mom" and Barnard Hughes's character "a caricature of a feisty old Grandpa." She found the film more of a comedy than a horror and the finale "funny". Elaine Showalter commented that "the film brilliantly portrays vampirism as a metaphor for the kind of mythic male bonding that resists growing up, commitment, especially marriage." Variety panned the film, calling it "a horrifically dreadful vampire teensploitation entry that daringly advances the theory that all those missing children pictured on garbage bags and milk cartons are actually the victims of bloodsucking bikers."

The film won a Saturn Award for Best Horror Film in 1987.

Cultural influence
The Lost Boys has been credited with helping shift depictions of vampires in popular culture and bringing a more youthful, sexier appeal to the vampire genre. This inspired subsequent films like Buffy the Vampire Slayer. The scene in which David transforms noodles into worms was directly referenced in the 2014 vampire mockumentary film What We Do in the Shadows. The film inspired the song of the same name by the Finnish gothic rock band the 69 Eyes. Gunship's 2018 "Dark All Day" music video and lyrics reference the themes and practical effects, on top of collaborating with Tim Cappello.

The music video for "Into the Summer", a song released by American rock band Incubus on August 23, 2019, pays homage to the film.

Event organizers Monopoly Events created "the biggest Lost Boys reunion ever" in 2019 at their annual horror fan convention, For the Love of Horror, which included Kiefer Sutherland, Jason Patric, Alex Winter, Jamison Newlander, and Billy Wirth along with musicians from the film, G Tom Mac, and Tim Cappello, who were reunited for the first time in over 30 years. G Tom Mac and Tim Cappello performed separate live music sets on the event stage to a vast crowd of fans on both days of the event, while Cappello performed a third time at the event after-party. All of the celebrities posed together for photographs in a purpose-built "cave" set modeled on the vampire cave seen in The Lost Boys original movie which was complete with a poster of Jim Morrison, a bottle of fake blood and David the vampire's wheelchair. The group reunited once again at the 2023 event and this time Jason Patric gave a live commentary during a closed screening of the film in the venue.

The Frog brothers make a (non-canonical) cameo in Jenny Colgan's 2001 novel Looking for Andrew McCarthy, in which they are now police officers and make brief, ominous reference to their past work with "the supernatural".

Home media
The film was released on DVD on January 28, 1998. On August 10, 2004, the film received a special edition two-disc release, which contained an audio commentary from Schumacher, deleted scenes, and making-of featurettes. The film was issued on Blu-ray on July 29, 2008. For the film's 35th anniversary on September 20, 2022, it was released as a 4K Blu-ray SteelBook, in tandem with Poltergeist (1982). The release includes special features ported from the 2008 edition.

Novelization
Due to his past fantasy novels and horror short stories, Craig Shaw Gardner was given a copy of the script and asked to write a novelization to accompany the film's release. At the time, Gardner was, like the Frog brothers, managing a comic book store as well as writing.

The novelization was released in paperback by Berkley Publishing and is 220 pages long. It includes several scenes later dropped from the film, such as Michael working as a trash collector for money to buy his leather jacket. It expands the roles of the opposing gang, the Surf Nazis, who were seen as nameless victims of the vampires in the film. It also includes several tidbits of vampire lore, such as not being able to cross running water and salt sticking to their forms.

Comic books
David makes a reappearance in the 2008 comic book series Lost Boys: Reign of Frogs, which serves as a sequel to the first film and a prequel to Lost Boys: The Tribe.

In October 2016, Vertigo released a comic book miniseries, The Lost Boys, where Michael, Sam, and the Frog brothers must protect Star from her sisters, the Blood Belles.

Stage musical
In December 2023, a musical adaptation was reported to be in development, directed by Michael Arden with music by the Rescues.

Sequels
Kiefer Sutherland's character, David, was impaled on antlers but does not explode or dissolve as do the other vampires. He was intended to have survived, which would be picked up in a sequel, The Lost Girls. Scripts for this and other sequels circulated over the years; Joel Schumacher made several attempts at a sequel during the 1990s, but nothing came to fruition.

A direct-to-DVD sequel, Lost Boys: The Tribe, was released in 2008. Corey Feldman returned as Edgar Frog, with a cameo by Corey Haim as Sam Emerson. Kiefer Sutherland's half-brother Angus Sutherland played the lead vampire, Shane Powers.

A third film, Lost Boys: The Thirst, was released on DVD on October 12, 2010. Feldman served as an executive producer in addition to playing Edgar Frog, and Newlander returned as Alan Frog. Haim, who was not slated to be part of the cast, died in March 2010. A fourth film was discussed as well as a Frog brothers television series, but with the dissolution of Warner Premiere, the projects never materialized.

In September 2021, a new film was announced, to be directed by Jonathan Entwistle, from a script by Randy McKinnon, starring Noah Jupe and Jaeden Martell.

Music
Thomas Newman wrote the original score as an eerie blend of orchestra and organ arrangements.

The music soundtrack contains a number of notable songs and several covers, including "Good Times", a duet between INXS and former Cold Chisel lead singer Jimmy Barnes which reached No. 2 on the Australian charts. This cover version of a 1960s Australian song by the Easybeats was originally recorded to promote the Australian Made tour of Australia in early 1987, headlined by INXS and Barnes.

Tim Cappello's cover of the Call's "I Still Believe" was featured in the film as well as on the soundtrack. Cappello makes a small cameo appearance in the film playing the song at the Santa Cruz boardwalk, with his saxophone and bodybuilder muscles on display. Cappello frequently appears at fan conventions to perform the song.

The soundtrack features a cover version of the Doors' song "People Are Strange" by Echo & the Bunnymen. The song as featured in the film is an alternate, shortened version with a slightly different music arrangement.

Lou Gramm, lead singer of Foreigner, recorded "Lost in the Shadows" for the soundtrack, along with a video which featured clips from the film.

The theme song, "Cry Little Sister", was originally recorded by Gerard McMahon (under his pseudonym Gerard McMann) for the soundtrack, and later re-released on his album G Tom Mac in 2000. In the film's sequel Lost Boys: The Tribe, "Cry Little Sister" was covered by a Seattle-based rock band, Aiden and appeared again in the closing credits of Lost Boys: The Thirst.

Soundtrack

 * 1) "Good Times" by Jimmy Barnes and INXS – 3:49 (The Easybeats)
 * 2) "Lost in the Shadows (The Lost Boys)" by Lou Gramm – 6:17
 * 3) "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me" by Roger Daltrey – 6:09 (Elton John/Bernie Taupin)
 * 4) "Laying Down the Law" by Jimmy Barnes and INXS – 4:24
 * 5) "People Are Strange" by Echo & the Bunnymen – 3:36 (The Doors)
 * 6) "Cry Little Sister (Theme from The Lost Boys)" by Gerard McMann – 4:46
 * 7) "Power Play" by Eddie & the Tide – 3:57
 * 8) "I Still Believe" by Tim Cappello – 3:42 (The Call)
 * 9) "Beauty Has Her Way" by Mummy Calls – 3:56
 * 10) "To the Shock of Miss Louise" by Thomas Newman – 1:21

title: The Lost Boys


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title: User talk:66.32.145.143


text: User talk:63.249.25.95

title: User talk:63.249.25.95


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Crossroads School (Santa Monica, California)

Crossroads School for Arts & Sciences is a private/independent, college preparatory school in Santa Monica, California, United States. The school is a former member of the G20 Schools Group.

History
The school was founded in 1971 as a secular institution affiliated with St. Augustine By-the-Sea Episcopal Church in Santa Monica. Although the founders, and many of the school's original students, came from the former St. Augustine By-the-Sea Episcopal Day School in Santa Monica, Crossroads School has always been a secular institution. Crossroads started with three rooms in a Baptist church offering grades seven and eight, and an initial enrollment of just over 30 students. The name Crossroads was suggested by Robert Frost's poem, "The Road Not Taken", in which Frost writes:

Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, and I,

I took the one less traveled by,

And that has made all the difference.

As St. Augustine's grew to junior and senior high school, the founders started Crossroads with a separate board of directors and separate campus, which eventually merged in the 1980s under the name Crossroads. Co-founder Paul Cummins became the first headmaster and served until 1995.

In the media
The 2004 book Hollywood, Interrupted, by Andrew Breitbart and Mark Ebner, dedicated a large section to Crossroads; it depicted the school (and the celebrities who send their children there) in a negative light, focusing mainly on a handful of high-profile parents and "drug problems" stemming from the 1980s. The school was also featured in a May 2005 issue of Vanity Fair; like Breitbart's book, it also focused on the school's celebrity clientele.

Elon Musk alleges that Crossroads teaches “full-on communism,” and blamed his daughter's transition, alleged communist ideology, and decision to cut him out of her life on Crossroads in his upcoming biography.

Notable alumni

 * J. A. Adande, sports journalist
 * Maude Apatow, actress
 * Sean Astin, actor, director and producer
 * Henry Baum, writer, blogger and musician
 * Michael Bay, film director and producer
 * Z Berg, musician
 * Jack Black, actor, comedian, musician, and YouTube personality
 * Max Brooks, actor and author
 * Gary Coleman, actor, comedian, and writer
 * Austin Croshere, NBA basketball player and TV broadcaster
 * Baron Davis, NBA basketball player and TV commentator
 * Emily Deschanel, actress, director and producer
 * Zooey Deschanel, actress, model, and singer-songwriter
 * Alden Ehrenreich, actor
 * Maya Erskine actress and TV writer
 * Zack Fleishman, professional tennis player
 * Robert Francis, musician
 * Nicole Gibbs, professional tennis player
 * Lauren Greenfield, artist, photographer, and filmmaker
 * Petra Haden, musician and singer
 * Rachel Haden, musician
 * Tanya Haden, artist, cellist, and singer
 * Simon Helberg, actor, comedian and musician
 * Jonah Hill, actor, director, producer, screenwriter, and comedian
 * Oliver Hudson, actor
 * Kate Hudson, actress, author, and fashion entrepreneur
 * Bronny James, basketball player
 * Brody Jenner, television personality, disc jockey and model
 * Jenni Konner, television writer, producer and director
 * Alex Kurtzman, film and television writer, producer, and director
 * Alexandra Kyle, actress
 * Zosia Mamet, actress and musician
 * Milo Manheim, actor
 * Shareef O'Neal, basketball player
 * Roberto Orci, film and television writer and producer
 * Gwyneth Paltrow, actress, businesswoman and author
 * Amy Pascal, business executive and film producer
 * Austin Peralta, jazz musician
 * Whitney Port, television personality and fashion designer
 * Jack Quaid, actor
 * Jason Ritter, actor and producer
 * Maya Rudolph, actress, comedian, singer, and voice actress
 * Tamir Saban (born 1999), American-Israeli basketball player
 * Blake Schwarzenbach, musician
 * Evan Spiegel, businessman, co-founder of Snapchat
 * Dayna Tortorici, writer
 * Liv Tyler, actress and former model
 * Andrew von Oeyen, classical musician
 * Gillian Welch, musician
 * Jessica Yellin, journalist


text: Talk:Nothing Safe: Best of the Box

title: Talk:Nothing Safe: Best of the Box


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Talk:Crossroads School (Santa Monica, California)

Work in Progress
This is a work in progress -- give me a chance to flesh it out this weekend before deleting....! :) Catherine | talk

Definition of AP
clarification wanted: what's "AP class"? Perhaps this is a term commonly used in America but not Australia.

 * Advanced Placement. -Will Beback 09:24, 10 November 2006 (UTC)

Hollywood Interrupted
Given that most people outside the entertainment industry or the parts of Los Angeles influenced by it had not heard of Crossroads School prior to Hollywood Interrupted's release, that book deserves a mention in any article about Crossroads. I kept the reference NPOV - personally I'm surprised that the tabloids don't stake the place out as they'd find plenty of juicy material, but that observation does not belong in the article.

Electron Microscope
I recall reading a decade ago that Crossroads had an electron microscope. If we can find a reference for that it might be worth adding as an interesting fact. Does anyone know if it now has any similarly-unusual resources? -Will Beback 23:56, 30 April 2006 (UTC)

I believe that the school sold it, as no one was getting any use out of it. 132.162.211.198 20:40, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

Notable Alumni
My only quibble with this entry is that we have a long list of "notable alumni" that are mostly minor celebrities immediately following the paragraph decrying the book and Vogue article's focusing on the celebrity angle of Crossroads. Someday this will be the perfect quotation. 22:12, 29 August 2006 (UTC)

In light of the growth of the "notable alumni" list, I removed the names that did not point to an actual Wikipedia article. I also removed the 17th century Scotsman Alexander Gordon. --Pontifex 16:29, 26 October 2006 (UTC)

There are recurring instances of names added to the "Notable Alumni" article which do not have an associated Wikipedia article and are therefore not notable. If you have alumni to add to this list, please ensure that they have a separate article in Wikipedia first. --Pontifex 00:46, 8 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I agree. -Will Beback · † · 00:58, 8 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I note that the Bree Olsen link goes to a redirect for a porn star who grew up in Indiana. Going to remove that one. MKV (talk) 21:55, 15 December 2008 (UTC)

NPOV discussion
This article seriously fails the NPOV test. It is filled with unverified (perhaps unverifiable) information and contains many weasel words. It reads like a publicity brochure; rather than an encyclopedia entry. This article is in dire need of a comprehensive overhaul. (unsigned, undated)

If anyone would like to contest the NPOV status of this article, please specify the disputed text and sign your post. Pontifex 22:46, 12 December 2006 (UTC)

The link from Josh Evans goes to some football player- not the josh evans that actually attended the school. the one that went to xrds is the son of Robert Evans. i am too lazy to go find the info and create a link but i thought someone who cared could fix it:) 76.169.42.35 21:50, 2 June 2007 (UTC)an unnotable alum

This article does indeed fail the NPOV test big time. It's as if it was written by the owners of the school. It's sort of nauseating to read actually.

Crossfire Award Issue
I removed the sentence saying a student's 2004 Crossfire article won a Columbia Scholastic Press Assocation award in 2004. The CSPA appears to give Gold Circle awards for individual articles, but in trying to find the name of the student and article on the http://cspa.columbia.edu/ site, I found a few awards for 2004 but none with titles appearing to be an interview with the authors as alleged. I'm sure someone can provide a source -- if so, we'll actually have the first sourced information on this entry.ycartreel 22:59, 20 December 2006 (UTC)

Fight song lyrics
Please stop adding in the lyrics to the fight song. Refer here: for more information about why these are not suitable for inclusion. Thanks. Somno (talk) 02:38, 16 February 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Crossroads School (Santa Monica, California). Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20110716085540/http://www.xrds.org/podium/default.aspx?t=107725 to http://www.xrds.org/podium/default.aspx?t=107725

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 16:48, 7 January 2016 (UTC)

Alumni
A lot of people losted as a alumni were removed in this edit if someone wants to hunt down sources and readd those they can confirm.FloridaArmy (talk) 10:48, 28 February 2019 (UTC)


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Talk:Degra

Untitled
Degra appears to be a man according to the pronouns being used even though it sounds like a woman's name. This must be a non-Indo-European name like Osama. 66.32.145.143 00:52, 23 May 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:Degra


text:
Mount Baxter

Mount Baxter may refer to:

 * Mount Baxter (California), a mountain in the Sierra Nevada range of California
 * Mount Baxter (Antarctica), a mountain in Antarctica
 * Baxter Peak, the highest point on Mount Katahdin, the centerpiece of Baxter State Park, Maine

title: Mount Baxter


text: User talk:68.161.123.17

title: User talk:68.161.123.17


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Talk:SJ

Is this an appropriate place for S.J. Society of Jesus?

 * Well of course it is. I was going to add it when I discovered your question. |l'KF'l| 14:40, Aug 19, 2004 (UTC)

Swedish Railways vs. Swedish State Railways
What is the difference between Swedish Railways and Swedish State Railways (currently items 3 and 4 on the list), especially if they have the same acronym, SJ? Following the links did not really make a lot of sense. |l'KF'l| 21:16, Aug 19, 2004 (UTC)

Shonen Jump
Shonen Jump also = SJ to plz add because I dont know howBaconBoy914 (talk) 19:15, 28 January 2008 (UTC)

Initialisms
This is not the List of things with the initials "SJ"; it is supposed to be a disambiguation page for things that are called SJ (or variations thereof). If an article linked here doesn't indicate that its topic is alternatively known by its initials (for example, I don't imagine that anyone looking for Scarlett Johansson would expect her to be indexed by her initials), it should be removed from this page. --R'n'B (call me Russ) 20:54, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:SJ


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Scheherazade (disambiguation)

Scheherazade is a major character and the storyteller in One Thousand and One Nights.

Scheherazade, Shéhérazade, or variants, may also refer to:

Film and television

 * Shéhérazade (1963 film), 1963 French adventure film
 * Shéhérazade (2018 film), 2018 French film
 * 1001 Nights (1990 film), released in some markets as Sheherazade
 * Şehrazat (film), 1964 Turkish thriller
 * Shahrzad (TV series), Iranian romantic and historical drama series
 * "Scheherazade", episode of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit season 8

Music

 * Shéhérazade (Ravel), two works by Ravel
 * Shéhérazade (Frederica von Stade recording), 1981
 * Scheherazade (Rimsky-Korsakov), a symphonic suite later adapted for ballet
 * Scheherazade, 1848 classical composition work of Robert Schumann as part of Album for the Young
 * Sheherazade, a 1915 piano piece by Karol Szymanowski
 * Sheherazade (Ornella Vanoni album), 1995
 * Scheherazade, a 2016 album by Freakwater

Other uses in arts and entertainment

 * Shéhérazade, a 1947 play by Jules Supervielle

People

 * Shahrzad (Reza Kamal) (1898–1937), Iranian dramatist and playwright
 * Şehrazat (Şehrazat Kemali Söylemezoğlu, born 1952), Turkish singer-songwriter
 * Rachel Sheherazade (born 1973), Brazilian journalist
 * Shaharzad Akbar (born 1987), Afghan human rights activist
 * Shahrazad Ali (born 1954), American author
 * Sheherazade Goldsmith (born 1974), British environmentalist, jeweller and columnist
 * Shahrzad Mirgholikhan (born 1977), Iranian whistleblower
 * Shahrzad Mojab (fl. from 1979), Iranian-Canadian academic
 * Shahrzad Rafati (born 1979), Iranian-Canadian media executive
 * Shahrzad Seifi (born 1986), Iranian producer and actress
 * Shéhérazade Semsar-de Boisséson (born 1968), Franco-Iranian executive
 * Shahrzad Sepanlou (born 1975), Iranian-American singer
 * Shérazad Reix (born 1989), French tennis player

Other uses

 * Shahrazad (crater), on Saturn's moon Enceladus
 * Scheherazade (yacht), launched 2019
 * 643 Scheherezade, a minor planet orbiting the Sun
 * Scheherazade New and Scheherazade, fonts for Arabic script

title: Scheherazade (disambiguation)


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Belus (Babylonian)

Belus or Belos (Ancient Greek: Βῆλος, Belos) in classical Greek or classical Latin texts (and later material based on them) in a Babylonian context refers to the Babylonian god Bel Marduk. Though often identified with Greek Zeus and Latin Jupiter as Zeus Belos or Jupiter Belus, in other cases Belus is euhemerized as an ancient king who founded Babylon and built the ziggurat. He is recognized and worshipped as the god of war.

Eusebius of Caesarea (Praeparatio Evangelica 9.18) cites Artabanus as stating in his Jewish History that Artabanus found in anonymous works that giants who had been dwelling in Babylonia were destroyed by the gods for impiety, but one of them named Belus escaped and settled in Babylon and lived in the tower which he built and named the Tower of Belus. A little later Eusebius (9.41) cites Abydenus' Concerning the Assyrians for the information that the site of Babylon: "... was originally water, and called a sea. But Belus put an end to this, and assigned a district to each, and surrounded Babylon with a wall; and at the appointed time he disappeared."This seems to be a rationalized version of Marduk's defeat of Tiamat in the Enuma Elish followed here by Belus becoming a god. A little earlier in the same section, in a supposed prophecy by King Nebuchadnezzar, King Nebuchadnezzar claims to be descended from Belus.

Diodorus Siculus (6.1.10) cites Euhemerus as relating that Zeus (a euhemerized Zeus) went to Babylon and was entertained by Belus. Diodorus also relates (17.112.3) how the Chaldean of Babylon requested Alexander the Great to restore the "Tomb of Belus" which had been demolished by the Persians. Strabo (16.1.5) likewise refers to the ziggurat as the "Tomb of Belus" which had been demolished by Xerxes.

See Belus (Egyptian) for statements that Belus in reference to the Babylonian Zeus Belus actually refers to the Belus of Greek mythology, son of Poseidon by Libya.

It is likely the Babylonian Belus was not clearly distinguished from vague, ancient Assyrian figures named Belus though some chronographers make the distinction (see Belus (Assyrian)).

title: Belus (Babylonian)


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Viola (disambiguation)

The viola is a stringed musical instrument related to the violin. Viola also may refer to:

Guitars
Viola is a term for several Portuguese and Brazilian regional folk guitars, frequently called simply "viola" in their respective regions:
 * Portugal:
 * Viola amarantina, a 5-course, 10-string guitar
 * Viola beiroa, a small harp guitar with twelve strings
 * Viola braguesa, a 5-course, 10-string guitar
 * Viola da terra, a 5-course, 12- or 15-string guitar
 * Viola de arame, a 5-course, 9-string guitar from Madeira
 * Viola da Terceira, a 6-course, 15-string guitar from the Azores
 * Viola toeira, a 5-course, 12-string guitar
 * Brazil:
 * Viola caipira, a 5-course, 10-string Brazilian guitar
 * Viola de cocho a 5-course, 5-string Brazilian guitar
 * Viola sertaneja, a 5-course, 10-string Brazilian guitar

Organisms

 * Viola (butterfly), a genus of skipper butterflies
 * Viola (plant), a genus of flowering plants, including violets and pansies

United States

 * Viola, Arkansas, a town
 * Viola, California, an unincorporated community
 * Viola, Delaware, a town
 * Viola, Georgia, an unincorporated community
 * Viola, Idaho, an unincorporated community
 * Viola, Illinois, a village
 * Viola, Iowa, an unincorporated community
 * Viola, Kansas, a city
 * Viola, Kentucky, an unincorporated community
 * Viola, Minnesota, an unincorporated community
 * Viola, Missouri, an unincorporated community
 * Viola, New York, a hamlet
 * Viola, Tennessee, a town
 * Viola, Marion County, West Virginia, an unincorporated community
 * Viola, Marshall County, West Virginia, an unincorporated community
 * Viola, Wisconsin, a village
 * Viola Township (disambiguation), various townships
 * Lake Viola (Florida), a lake in Highlands County, Florida

Italy

 * Viola, Piedmont, a comune in the province of Cuneo
 * Lago Viola, a small lake in Lombardy

People

 * Viola (given name), a female given name, including a list of people and fictional characters with the name
 * Viola (surname)
 * Viola (singer) (born 1976), stage name of Italian singer Violante Placido
 * Viola (footballer) (born 1969), Brazilian footballer Paulo Sergio Rosa
 * Viola, pen name of American poet Laura M. Hawley Thurston (1812-1842)
 * Paulinho da Viola, Brazilian musician born Paulo César Batista de Faria in 1942

Military

 * Viola (trawler), an English steam trawler built in 1906
 * HMS Viola, an Aubrietia-class sloop launched in 1916
 * Viola, the original name of HMS Legion (1914) a Laforey-class destroyer, laid down in 1912

Other uses

 * Typhoon Viola, various typhoons, a tropical storm and a tropical depression
 * Viola (opera), an unfinished opera by Bedřich Smetana
 * 1076 Viola, an asteroid
 * Viol@, a 1998 Italian erotic drama film
 * Viola Reggio Calabria, an Italian basketball team
 * ViolaWWW, an American web browser
 * I Viola, a nickname of the Italian football club ACF Fiorentina
 * Viola–Jones object detection framework
 * Berimbau viola, the smallest berimbau in the berimbau ensembles

title: Viola (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Neon Ballroom

Fair use rationale for Image:Silverchairdouble.jpg
Image:Silverchairdouble.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 15:30, 21 January 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Neon Ballroom