text:
Autobiography of Weni

The Autobiography of Weni is a tomb inscription from Ancient Egypt, which is significant to Egyptology studies. Weni the Elder, or Uni, was a court official of the 6th Dynasty of Ancient Egypt.

The location of the Tomb of Weni was lost as a result of Auguste Mariette's 1880 description of Weni's tomb being unclear ("[on] the high hill which gives the middle cemetery its name"). It was rediscovered in 1999 by an American archaeologist team led by Dr. Janet Richards. More recent works in the necropolis of Pepi I in Saqqara uncovered a second tomb for Weni with a near-identical copy of his biography.

Biography
Weni began his career under Teti, and rose through the ranks of the administration under Pepi I Meryre, for whom he was in turn a judge, a general and a vizier. Later, Weni became the governor of Upper Egypt during the reign of Merenre Nemtyemsaf I. As judge he investigated the queen who was apparently suspected of involvement in a conspiracy. While he was general, he reorganized the military into a format that was still in use in the New Kingdom.

Weni rose through the ranks of the military to become commander in chief of the army. He was considered by both his contemporaries and many Egyptologists to have been a brilliant tactician. His victories earned him the privilege of being shown leading the troops into battle, a right usually reserved for pharaohs. Weni is the first person, other than a pharaoh, known to have been portrayed in this manner. Many of his battles were in the Levant and the Sinai. He is said to have pursued a group of marauders all the way to Mount Carmel. He battled a semi-nomadic people known in Ancient Egyptian texts as "the sand-dwellers" at least five times.

While he was commander in chief of the army, he made several key reforms to the military. He began training his troops to have a pre-emptive rather than a defensive posture. Weni included Nubian mercenaries in the army for the first time and he reorganized the army to control infighting amongst the troops and to minimise uncontrolled pillaging. He recorded his reorganization of the army in great detail and his reforms lasted until the time of the New Kingdom.

After the death of Pepi, Weni was appointed the governor of Upper Egypt by Merenre. He made many infrastructure improvements, some of which were beneficial to the military. His most noted project was a canal that ran parallel to the Nile at the First Cataract. He likely died during Merenre's reign.

title: Autobiography of Weni


text:
User talk:OwlofDoom

Hullo, and welcome to Wikipedia. I was impressed by your quality pic of Manchester Town Hall. Contributing pics is a very worthwhile occupation on WP, that's what I do myself. I only contribute illustrations, with brief excursions into modifying text if I see horrid bits of writing while I'm placing a pic. Best Wishes, Adrian Pingstone 19:26, 30 May 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the welcome! Now I feel like I'm not such a small fish in the vast ocean of Wikipedia. Can I ask you how you found me, though? I've been wading through here and it seems like there are literally hundreds of changes to the content every hour - it must be very difficult to spot new things... -- OwlofDoom 19:46, 30 May 2004 (UTC)

 * You'll find a lot of people inveterately haunt "recent changes" - it's the only way to spot lots of anon vandalism. When one sees somewith with a red user: or talk: page, it's almost certain they're new, so some kind soul will usually pop by and say hi.  Also, lots of people have gazillions of things in their watchlist, so if you do something on an article they've edited they'll frequently check it out.

 * You might find these links helpful in editing pages or creating new ones: How to edit a page, Tutorial, Naming conventions, Manual of Style. You should probably read our policies at some point too.

 * But don't feel you have to read every policy document before you do anything. Dive in, be bold in editing, and if you do anything wrong, someone will be quick to correct it and let you know (hopefully, politely!)

 * If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian!

 * You may have already noticed that you can sign your name using three tildes, like this: . If you use four, you can add a datestamp too, as I've done below. This is mostly useful, and is considered good wikiquette, on talk pages. But be aware that the actual wikipedia articles should never be signed - they belong to the community, rather than the individual who created them.

 * So, welcome from me too. -- Finlay McWalter | Talk 20:00, 30 May 2004 (UTC)

 * Hi, Adrian again. Finding your Manchester pic was automatic. Here's how ......
 * To set an article to be permanently watched for changes you can click the "Watch this Page" link that you'll find somewhere on each page. (I have a Watch List of about 800 articles so that I can watch for anyone messing with my pics). To see your Watch List click on "My watchlist" (this link is on every page somewhere) and you can look over it and examine any article whose change might interest you.

 * One of the pages I watch is Help desk which is where you went to ask if pics were a useful contribution. When I scanned my Watchlist this evening (I actually have my watchlist as a desktop icon that calls up Special:Watchlist) I spotted a change to the Help Desk that sounded interesting, clicked on the item, saw the Manchester pic being praised and saw your Username. So I only had to click on your Username, then on "Discuss this page" then on Edit and start typing. Incidentally, I live in Bristol,
 * Best Wishes - Adrian Pingstone 20:46, 30 May 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks again, Finlay and Adrian. I seem to be too late for the old "reading helpfiles isn't totally necessary" thing, as I'm one of these people who tends to read everything before even signing up. Well, I'd better get back to poking around and tweaking things, then. Maybe even adding a couple more pictures, here and there. -- OwlofDoom 07:43, 31 May 2004 (UTC)

Prince Philip article
Nice catch, I didn't get into a detail reading of the King consort article I just noticed that the Queen consort refers to women married to kings and thus can't apply to Prince Philip. Cheers Nought 21:16, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

 * Indeed. That's what I figured you'd done. :) -- OwlofDoom 07:20, 26 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Thanks for moving Irn Bru to Irn-Bru!
Well done for the not inconsiderable amount of work you did by moving Irn Bru to its correct home at Irn-Bru. I was meaning to get round to it myself, but you pipped me at the post! It was a small, but niggling, error on the otherwise reliable Wikipedia... Best wishes, Cal T 20:05, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks for thanking me! Such a task was easy with the appropriate caffeine boost from the nectar itself. -- OwlofDoom 23:31, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
Hi, You appear to be eligible to vote in the current Arbitration Committee election. The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to enact binding solutions for disputes between editors, primarily related to serious behavioural issues that the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the ability to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail. If you wish to participate, you are welcome to review the candidates' statements and submit your choices on the voting page. For the Election committee, MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 22:17, 30 November 2015 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:OwlofDoom


text: Category:Critical theory

title: Category:Critical theory


text:
User talk:Cbkarim

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * If you haven't already, please add your name to the new user log to let others know a little about yourself.
 * Read the article describing how to edit a page and feel free to experiment in the Sandbox.
 * When editing pages, use the preview button before submitting and try to fill in the summary box for every edit.
 * Eventually, read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk or ask me on my talk page.
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck! Jrdioko

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

title: User talk:Cbkarim


text:
Sexual Offences Act

Sexual Offences Act (with its variations) is a stock short title used for legislation in the United Kingdom and former British colonies and territories such as Antigua and Barbuda, Crown dependencies, Kenya, Lesotho, Republic of Ireland, Sierra Leone, South Africa and Trinidad and Tobago relating to sexual offences (including both substantive and procedural provisions).

The Bill for an Act with this short title may have been known as a Sexual Offences Bill during its passage through Parliament.

Sexual Offences Acts may be a generic name for legislation bearing that short title. It is a term of art.

England and Wales

 * The Sexual Offences Act 1956 (4 & 5 Eliz. 2. c. 69)
 * The Indecency with Children Act 1960 (8 & 9 Eliz. 2. c. 33)
 * The Sexual Offences Act 1967 (c. 60)
 * The Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act 1976 (c. 82)
 * The Sexual Offences Act 1985 (c. 44)
 * The Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act 1992 (c. 34)
 * The Sexual Offences Act 1993 (c. 30)
 * The Sexual Offences (Conspiracy and Incitement) Act 1996 (c. 29)
 * The Sexual Offences (Protected Material) Act 1997 (c. 39)
 * The Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act 2000 (c. 44)
 * The Sexual Offences Act 2003 (c. 42)

 * The Sexual Offences Acts

 * The Sexual Offences Acts 1956 and 1967 is the collective title of the Sexual Offences Act 1957 and the Sexual Offences Act 1967.
 * The Sexual Offences Acts 1956 to 1976 is the collective title of the Sexual Offences Acts 1956 and 1967 and the Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act 1976.
 * The Sexual Offences Acts 1956 to 1992 is the collective title of the Sexual Offences Acts 1956 to 1976 and the Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act 1992.

Scotland

 * The Sexual Offences (Scotland) Act 1976 (c. 67)
 * The Sexual Offences (Procedure and Evidence) (Scotland) Act 2002 (asp 9)
 * The Protection of Children and Prevention of Sexual Offences (Scotland) Act 2005 (asp 9)
 * The Sexual Offences (Scotland) Act 2009 (asp 9)

Northern Ireland
A number of Orders in Council with this title have been passed. The change in nomenclature is due to the demise of the Parliament of Northern Ireland and the imposition of direct rule. These orders are considered to be primary legislation.
 * The Sexual Offences (Northern Ireland) Order 1978 (SI 1978/460 (N.I. 5))
 * The Sexual Offences (Northern Ireland) Order 2008 (SI 2008/1769 (N.I. 2))

Antigua and Barbuda

 * The Sexual Offences Act 1995

Barbados

 * Sexual Offences Act 1993
 * Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act 2016

Bailiwick of Guernsey

 * Sexual Offences (Bailiwick of Guernsey) Law, 1983
 * The Sexual Offences (Amendment) (Guernsey) Law, 2000
 * The Sexual Offences (Bailiwick of Guernsey) (Amendment) Law, 2011

Bailiwick of Jersey

 * Sex Offenders (Jersey) Law 1990
 * Sex Offenders (Jersey) Law 2007
 * Sex Offenders (Jersey) Law 2010

Isle of Man

 * Sexual Offences Act 1992
 * Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act 2006

Dominica

 * Sexual Offences Act 1887
 * Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act 1992
 * Sexual Offences Act 1996
 * Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act 2016

Guyana

 * Sexual Offences Act 2010

Jamaica

 * Sexual Offences Act 2009

Kenya

 * The Sexual Offences Act 2006

Republic of Ireland

 * Criminal Law (Sexual Offences) Act, 1993
 * Sexual Offences (Jurisdiction) Act, 1996
 * Sex Offenders Act, 2001
 * Criminal Law (Sexual Offences) Act 2006
 * Criminal Law (Sexual Offences) Act 2017

Lesotho

 * Sexual Offences Act 2003

Maldives

 * Sexual Offences Act 2014

Sierra Leone

 * Sexual Offences Act 2012

South Africa

 * The Sexual Offences Act, 1957 (now mostly repealed)
 * The Criminal Law (Sexual Offences and Related Matters) Amendment Act, 2007

Tanzania

 * Sexual Offences (Special Provisions) Act 1998

Trinidad and Tobago

 * Sexual Offences Act, 1986
 * Sexual Offences (Amendment) Act, 2000

title: Sexual Offences Act


text:
Ampere balance

The ampere balance (also current balance or Kelvin balance) is an electromechanical apparatus used for the precise measurement of the SI unit of electric current, the ampere. It was invented by William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin.

The current to be measured is passed in series through two coils of wire, one of which is attached to one arm of a sensitive balance. The magnetic force between the two coils is measured by the amount of weight needed on the other arm of the balance to keep it in equilibrium. This is used to calculate the magnitude of the current.

The main weakness of the ampere balance is that the calculation of the current involves the dimensions of the coils. So the accuracy of the current measurement is limited by the accuracy with which the coils can be measured, and their mechanical rigidity.

A more complicated version of an ampere balance, called the Kibble balance, that removes this source of inaccuracy by a calibration step, was invented by Bryan Kibble in 1975. This experimental device was developed at government metrology laboratories worldwide with the goal of providing a more accurate definition of the kilogram, the world's standard of mass. In this application, the Kibble balance functions in the reverse sense to the Ampere balance: it is used to weigh the International Prototype of the Kilogram, defining the kilogram in terms of an electric current and a voltage. Since voltage and current themselves are already defined in terms of fundamental physical constants like the Planck constant and the speed of light, this has created a new definition of the kilogram in terms of these fundamental constants. This is a more stable definition than the previous one, which was based on the physical prototype kilogram which is vulnerable to damage and deterioration over the years.

Usage

Approximate readings may be obtained by reading the position of the weight on the scale, or a more accurate reading may be obtained as follows: The upper edge of the shelf on which the weights slide is graduated into equal divisions, and the weight is provided with a sharp tongue of metal in order that its position on the shelf may be accurately determined. Since the current passing through the balance when equilibrium is obtained with a given weight is proportional to the square root of the couple due to this weight, it follows that the current strength when equilibrium is obtained is proportional to the product of the square root of the weight used and the displacement of this weight from its zero position. Each instrument is accompanied by a pair of weights and by a square root table, so that the product of the square roots of the number corresponding to the position of the sliding weight and the ascertained constant for each weight, gives at once the value of the current in amperes. Each of these balances is made to cover a certain range of reading. Thus, the centiampere balance ranges from 1 to 100 centiamperes, the deciampere balance from 1 to 100 deciamperes, the ampere balance from 1 to 100 amperes, etc.

title: Ampere balance


text:
Nuevo tango

Nuevo tango (New tango) is both a form of music in which new elements are incorporated into traditional tango music, and an evolution of tango dance that began to develop in the 1980s.

Origins
Prior to the 1990s, Argentine tango was taught with a didactic method: teaching tango by having students copy examples shown by the instructor. Emphasis was not given to how or why movement was done a certain way. Tango dance in Argentina fell into general disrepute during the junta of 1976–83, to the point that the few professionals left as teachers were looked down upon, and the young people of the time rarely participated in the few opportunities to dance. Ironically, the quote "el ser Argentino…vive la expresion tango" (meaning tango is part of the Argentine essence, or identity) comes from the 1975 book El Tango y Gardel, commissioned by the Argentine government in homage to Carlos Gardel. Gustavo Naveira's instruction began to be offered after Argentina became democratic again in 1983 and restrictions on social life eased. He reported that despite his nerves about teaching, the classes drew "crowds of 200 or more", and many older former dancers became instructors as social tango returned. The popular reinstatement of tango is culturally seen by many Argentines as a point of nationalistic pride and self-representation.

Starting in the 1990s in Buenos Aires, the Tango Investigation Group (later transformed into the Cosmotango organization) founded by Gustavo Naveira and Fabián Salas applied the principles of dance kinesiology from modern dance to analyze the physics of movement in Argentine tango. Taking what they learned from this analysis they then began to explore all the possibilities of movement within the framework of Argentine Tango. From the work of these founders of the tango nuevo movement, there was shift in all styles of tango away from teaching what to dance toward teaching how to dance.

Milonga in the last decades of the 20th century maintained a sense of exclusion toward the new tango style, where "the clash was between generations" whose older constituents acted as stewards of the formulaic style. According to one professional, "They didn’t want anybody else to come and change things." The alternative center for young dancers then sprang up in the form of the modern practica, beginning with the opening of the popular El Motivo at the Villa Malcolm social club in 2004. The accelerating creation of a nuevo tango beginning around this time is consistent with anthropologist Martin Stokes's idea that dance is a play form, and that along with music it is a form of "social creativity", subject to instability in times of social change. Its formation and forging of a new social scene exemplifies the view of musical anthropology that music creates, rather than is created from, social life.

Though widely referred to as a tango style outside of Argentina, tango nuevo is not considered a style of dancing tango by the founders of the movement. It refers only to the method of analysis and teaching developed through the application of the principles of dance kinesiology to Argentine tango. In 2009, Gustavo Naveira published an essay New Tango, in which he states: "There is great confusion on the question of the way of dancing the tango: call it technique, form, or style. The term Tango Nuevo, is used to refer to a style of dancing, which is an error. In reality, Tango Nuevo is everything that has happened with the tango since the 1980s. It is not a question of a style... The words Tango Nuevo express what is happening with tango dancing in general; namely that it is evolving." Therefore, as Gustavo Naveira and the other founders of the tango nuevo movement have said, all styles of tango, which have now been influenced by the analysis of the dance, are all tango nuevo.

Despite the insistence by the founders of the tango nuevo movement that it is not a single style, it has become an accepted term by many that it is a separate and distinct style of tango. Considered by many as the most famous practitioners of tango nuevo are Mariano "Chicho" Frumboli, Pablo Verón, Roberto Herrera (who even dedicated a whole Tango show to this new style: Tango Nuevo, premiere 2005), Gustavo Naveira, Norberto "El Pulpo" Esbrés, Fabián Salas, Esteban Moreno, Claudia Codega, Sebastián Arce and Mariana Montes. All of these dancers have highly individual styles that cannot be confused with each other, yet are all referred to by many as the tango nuevo style.

Critics of what some call the tango nuevo style claim that with all the emphasis being on the physics of the dance, that the connection to the music, the feeling, and the traditions of Argentine tango have been lost to the newer generations of tango dancers. Referring to the newer generations of tango nuevo dancers, one of the founders of the tango nuevo movement, Mariano "Chicho" Frumboli stated in an interview: "They are completely lost! I learnt with the last great milongueros, I took the information directly from them. [...] The problem is that we missed something in the teaching, I take total responsibility, and other colleagues should do so as well. I can't pass on what I have learned. I was crazy about creating, because I saw a new vein in the evolution of the movement. I threw myself into that, and I lost the way to be able to pass on the tango essence that I have very much inside. Because of this I feel that lately there are a lot of people who don't understand or know what the real essence of this dance is."

Critics of tango nuevo also say that there is little difference in the way it is practiced than show tango. In an interview, Mariano Frumboli said: "Today you do a volcada and a colgada and it is the same because they are there, commercially speaking, in the same package. Then, between doing a sandwichito or a volcada… people do a volcada! Because it's more eye-catching. [...] They are not going to make a sandwichito to enjoy that moment, but whatever shows them more and better." The increased openness in bodily movement extends to the face, where previously the cara de tango or standardized expression of passion was socially required; this is no longer a given between professional dancers at social tango events.

In July 2009, Gustavo Naveira wrote about nuevo tango: "There is great confusion on the question of the way of dancing the tango: call it technique, form, or style. The term tango nuevo is used to refer to a style of dancing, which is an error. In reality, Tango Nuevo is everything that has happened with the tango since the 1980s. It is not a question of a style... The words Tango Nuevo are neither a specific term nor a title (except in the case of a musical work by Astor Piazzolla). With this in mind, these words directly express, through their literal meaning, what is happening with tango dancing in general; namely that it is evolving. Tango Nuevo is not one more style; it is simply that tango dancing is growing, improving, developing, enriching itself, and in that sense we are moving toward a new dimension in tango dancing... There has been much recent discussion, in the community of tango dancers, on the problem of the embrace, dividing the dance into open or closed style, which is also a matter of great confusion. Open embrace or closed embrace, dancing with space or dancing close, these are all outmoded terms. This is an old way of thinking, resulting from the lack of technical knowledge in past eras. This simple and clumsy division between open and closed is often used by those who try to deny the evolution of the dance, to disguise their own lack of knowledge. Today it is perfectly clear that the distances in the dance have a much greater complexity than a simple open or closed... We have learned, and we have developed our knowledge. The result of this is a dance of greater possibilities, and also of a much more artistic quality."

Music
The most important composer of nuevo tango was Astor Piazzolla, who revolutionized tango in the 1950s by introducing new instruments such as the saxophone and electric guitar, and who brought new forms of harmonic and melodic structure into the traditional tango. Piazzolla's Quintento Nuevo Tango (1978–1988) with Astor Piazzolla, Fernando Suarez Paz, Hector Console, Horacio Malvicino and Pablo Ziegler was decisive for the worldwide success of Nuevo Tango. Sometime later, Piazzolla met jazz saxophonist Gerry Mulligan, which led to the production of an album considered a classic of the genre: Summit.

Other composers of tango nuevo include Osvaldo Pugliese, Ariel Ramirez, and Juan Carlos Caceres. Neotango is 21st century tango composed and/or orchestrated in the 21st century. Often it includes the fusion of electronic and acoustic sounds. Some examples of neotango music artists are Tanghetto, Bajofondo, Electrocutango, Federico Aubele, Gotan Project, Nuevo Tango Ensamble, Ensemble Montréal Tango, Narcotango (album by Carlos Libedinsky), Dure-mère, Rodrigo Favela (Latin tango), Pablo Ziegler and Otros Aires.

Performers
• Astor Piazzolla

• Fernando Suarez Paz

• Athens Tango Project

• Leonardo Suarez Paz

• Pablo Zeigler

• Ariel Ramirez

• Juan Carlos Caceres

• Bajofondo

• Cadence Ensemble

• Electrocutango

• Federico Aubele

• Gotan Project

• Narcotango

• Octeto Buenos Aires

• Otros Aires

• Tanghetto

• Tosca Tango Orchestra

• Marcelo Nisinman

• Carlos Libedinsky

• Adrián Iaies

• Richard Galliano

• Pino Presti

title: Nuevo tango


text:
User:GPHemsley

| Fast Facts | Quick Links | Licensing | Disclaimer |

Fast Facts

 * Name: Gordon P. Hemsley
 * Gender: Male
 * Date of Birth: January 17, 1989
 * Hometown: Long Beach, Long Island, New York, USA
 * Member Since: September 9, 2003
 * Education:
 * Long Beach High School (New York) (2003–2007)
 * University of Vermont (2007–2009)
 * Major: Molecular genetics
 * Minor: Linguistics
 * Queens College (2009–2011)
 * Degree: Bachelor of Arts in General Linguistics
 * University of Delaware (2011–2012, 2014)
 * Degree: Master of Arts from the Department of Linguistics & Cognitive Science
 * Employment
 * GovTrack (2012–2014)
 * Health Market Science / LexisNexis Risk Solutions (2014–present)

Genealogy

 * Martha Plimpton is my 7th cousin, via her mother, Shelley Plimpton.
 * Brady Ells, designer of the Flag of Sussex, is my 4th cousin.
 * Reuben Fenton was my 2nd cousin 5x removed.
 * Hugh Scott was the brother-in-law of my 4th cousin 2x removed.
 * Ella Weed was my 2nd cousin 4x removed.

Quick Links

 * Boilerplates
 * To Do
 * Done
 * Statistics

Licenses
All of the contributions that I have made to Wikipedia and other affiliated Wikimedia Foundation projects (including Wikimedia Commons) prior to 2009-06-15 are hereby retroactively licensed under both the GFDL and CC-BY-SA licenses, with favor granted to the latter. Beginning on 2009-06-15, all of my contributions shall abide by the official licensing policy of Wikipedia. Furthermore, any edits I make that are considered "minor", and are marked as such, shall also be licensed into the public domain.

Attribution
If my contributions are to be used or reproduced in any form, they must be attributed to me. If I am to be attributed as the sole or main contributor, such an attribution must appear as my full name, "Gordon P. Hemsley". (This is often the case with images or other non-textual media.) If I am to be attributed as part of a multitude of contributors, such an attribution may appear as my username, "GPHemsley". (This is often the case with articles and other textual media.) My contributions must always be personally attributed to me; an attribution to the project or website to which my contributions were made will not suffice, though such an attribution shall not be prohibited from appearing.

Notification
I would prefer to be notified whenever one of my contributions is used according to these terms. Notification is accepted in many forms, ranging from leaving a note on my talk page to sending me an e-mail. Notification is a courtesy that will reflect positively on the licensee.

title: User:GPHemsley


text:
Terrorism Act

The Terrorism Act may refer to legislation in various countries:

South Africa

 * Terrorism Act No 83 of 1967

United Kingdom

 * Prevention of Terrorism Act (Northern Ireland), laws passed between 1974 and 1989 to deal with terrorism in Northern Ireland
 * Terrorism Act 2000
 * Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001
 * Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005
 * Terrorism Act 2006
 * Terrorism (Northern Ireland) Act 2006

title: Terrorism Act


text:
Outline of BDSM

BDSM is a variety of erotic practices involving dominance and submission, roleplaying, restraint, and other interpersonal dynamics. Given the wide range of practices, some of which may be engaged in by people who do not consider themselves as practicing BDSM, inclusion in the BDSM community or subculture is usually dependent on self-identification and shared experience. Interest in BDSM can range from one-time experimentation to a lifestyle.

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to BDSM:

Etymology
The term BDSM is a portmanteau of initialisms intended to encompass all of the following activities:
 * Bondage and discipline (B & D or B/D)
 * Dominance and submission (D & S or D/s) (including "master and slave" role-playing scenarios and ongoing relationship structures)
 * Sadism and masochism (S & M or S/M)

Bondage

 * By material
 * Japanese bondage
 * Metal bondage
 * Handcuffs
 * Rope bondage

 * By body part
 * Self-bondage
 * Head bondage
 * Neck
 * Collar (BDSM)
 * Stocks
 * Arms
 * Wrists – Bondage cuffs
 * Arms – Armbinder
 * Stocks
 * Breast bondage
 * Crotch rope

Dominance and Submission

 * Ageplay
 * Fear play
 * Ass worship
 * Body worship
 * Boot worship
 * Erotic humiliation
 * Verbal humiliation
 * Erotic hypnosis
 * Erotic sexual denial
 * Facesitting
 * Female dominance
 * Female submission
 * Male dominance
 * Male submission
 * Bladder desperation
 * Feminization
 * Master/slave
 * Medical scene
 * Rape scene
 * Servitude
 * Submissive BDSM sex positions

Sadomasochism

 * Enema play
 * Erotic spanking
 * Speculum play
 * Breast torture
 * Nipple clamp
 * Nipple piercing
 * Cock and ball torture
 * Pussy torture
 * Tickle torture

Types of play

 * Edgeplay
 * Knife play
 * Fear play
 * Body Modification
 * Play piercing
 * Suspension
 * Sexual roleplay
 * Age play
 * Animal roleplay
 * Gender Play
 * Rape play
 * Sensation play
 * Temperature play
 * Breath play
 * Impact play
 * Pain play
 * Sensory deprivation

BDSM equipment

 * Gag (BDSM)
 * Ball gag
 * Bit gag
 * Funnel gag
 * Jennings gag
 * Muzzle gag
 * OTM gag
 * Pecker gag
 * Penis gag
 * Stuff gag
 * Tape gag
 * Whitehead gag
 * Bondage harness
 * Cock harness
 * Dildo harness
 * Head harness

Sexual fetishism and Paraphilia

 * Paraphilia
 * Sexual sadism disorder
 * Sexual fetishism
 * Breast fetishism
 * Diaper fetishism
 * Foot fetishism
 * Fur fetishism
 * Leather fetishism
 * Latex and PVC fetishism
 * Spandex fetishism
 * Stocking fetishism

BDSM terminology

 * Bondage
 * Discipline (BDSM)
 * Glossary of BDSM

 * Roles
 * Bottom
 * Top
 * Dominant
 * Submissive
 * Master/slave
 * Maledom
 * Dominatrix
 * Sexual slavery (BDSM)
 * Sexual fetishism
 * Hard limit (BDSM)
 * Limits (BDSM)
 * Negotiation (BDSM)
 * Contract (BDSM)
 * Play (BDSM)
 * Scene (BDSM)
 * Session (BDSM)

Significant BDSM people

 * Peter Acworth
 * Jeff Gord
 * Laura Antoniou
 * Maria Beatty
 * Barbara Behr
 * Theresa Berkley
 * Gloria Brame
 * Böse Buben
 * Richard Francis Burton
 * Patrick Califia
 * Vanessa Duriès
 * Dossie Easton
 * Bob Flanagan
 * Maîtresse Françoise
 * Matthias T. J. Grimme
 * Janet Hardy
 * Alfred Kinsey
 * Irving Klaw
 * Richard Freiherr von Krafft-Ebing
 * John Norman
 * Bettie Page
 * Pauline Réage
 * Catherine Robbe-Grillet
 * Gayle Rubin
 * Leopold von Sacher-Masoch
 * Marquis de Sade
 * Dita von Teese
 * Jay Wiseman

Media

 * A Defence of Masochism
 * Belle de jour (novel)
 * Belle de jour (film)
 * Billions (TV series)
 * The Bitter Tears of Petra von Kant
 * Bonding (TV series)
 * The Claiming of Sleeping Beauty
 * De Usu Flagrorum
 * Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
 * The Ethical Slut
 * Fetishes (film)
 * Fifty Shades of Grey
 * The Image (film)
 * The Image (novel)
 * Imaginative Sex
 * Mano Destra
 * Maîtresse
 * Moonlight Whispers
 * The Piano Teacher (Jelinek novel)
 * Preaching to the Perverted (film)
 * Psychopathia Sexualis
 * Romance (1999 film)
 * Secretary (2002 film)
 * Seduction: The Cruel Woman
 * Shrimp (film)
 * Skin Two
 * Spanking Love
 * Story of O
 * Submission (TV series)
 * Tokyo Decadence
 * Venus in Furs
 * A Woman in Flames

Lists

 * Glossary of BDSM
 * BDSM artists
 * BDSM authors
 * BDSM equipment
 * BDSM in culture and media
 * BDSM literature
 * BDSM organizations
 * BDSM photographers
 * List of bondage positions
 * List of universities with BDSM clubs
 * Category:BDSM

title: Outline of BDSM


text:
PIONIER

PIONIER is the Polish national research and education network created to provide high-speed Internet access and to conduct network-based research. Most of the government founded higher education organisations and all of metropolitan area networks in Poland are connected to the PIONIER network, and are members of the PIONIER Consortium. The previous versions of the Polish academic computer network were called POL-34 and POL-155.

History
POL-34 was created as a result of an experiment hosted in Poznań in 1997 during a scientific conference in which the representatives of all major Polish MAN's took part. Its target was to create a high-speed WAN. During the experiment Poznań, Łódź and Gdańsk were connected and the 34 Mbit/s ATM network in a 622 Mbit/s SDH environment has been created and since then called POL-34. Since its creation, POL-34 has been a purely Internet Protocol network.

In the beginning, POL-34 used fiber-optic links leased from TEL-ENERGO, a company founded by State Power Companies, Polish Power Networks and Polish Power Distribution Association. At the same time, ever since its creation POL-34 was in the process of creating its own infrastructure. Today the Consortium owns all fiber-optic connections to major nodes.

In 1999 a project to extend the bandwidth of the network was proposed and POL-155 was created. Speed was expanded to 155 Mbit/s Asynchronous Transfer Mode between Gdańsk, Łódź and Poznań and a constant effort to create 155 Mbit/s links between smaller nodes was made.

In 2000 POL-34/155 and various other academic organisations set up a project of creating a 10 Gbit/s network within GEANT project. Network called PIONIER is the result of that project.

Organization
Currently the network connects Białystok, Bielsko-Biała, Bydgoszcz, Częstochowa, Gdańsk, Gliwice, Kielce, Kraków, Lublin, Łódź, Opole, Poznań, Puławy, Radom, Toruń, Warsaw, Wrocław, Koszalin, Szczecin, Olsztyn and Zielona Góra with a fiber-optic 10 Gbit/s patch-cord, and consists of 5738,86 km of optical fiber. PIONIER's Network Operations Center is based in Poznań Supercomputing and Networking Center.

It has connections to various commercial networks, national research and education networks (CESNET, DFN, SANET, URAN ), and is well integrated with the GÉANT network.

Both POL-34/155 and PIONIER is operated by a consortium of 22 metropolitan area network operators and other educational institutions. Decisions within the consortium are made by voting.

title: PIONIER


text:
Northern Ireland Act

Northern Ireland Act (with its variations) is a stock short title used in the United Kingdom for legislation relating to Northern Ireland.

List

 * The Northern Ireland (Temporary Provisions) Act 1972
 * The Northern Ireland Constitution Act 1973
 * The Northern Ireland (Emergency Provisions) Act 1973
 * The Northern Ireland Act 1974
 * The Northern Ireland Act 1998
 * The Northern Ireland (Monitoring Commission etc.) Act 2003
 * The Northern Ireland Act 2006
 * The Northern Ireland (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2006
 * The Northern Ireland (St Andrews Agreement) Act 2006
 * The Northern Ireland (St Andrews Agreement) Act 2007
 * The Northern Ireland Act 2009
 * The Northern Ireland (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act 2014
 * The Northern Ireland (Executive Formation etc) Act 2019
 * The Northern Ireland (Ministers, Elections and Petitions of Concern) Act 2022

title: Northern Ireland Act


text: Category:Stephen King

title: Category:Stephen King


text:
War Crimes Act

There are two acts known as the War Crimes Act
 * War Crimes Act 1991 of the United Kingdom
 * War Crimes Act of 1996 of the United States

title: War Crimes Act


text:
Grigorii Maksimov

Grigorii Petrovich Maksimov (Григо́рий Петро́вич Макси́мов; 1893–1950) was a Russian anarcho-syndicalist. From the first days of the Russian Revolution, he played a leading role in the country's syndicalist movement – editing the newspaper Golos Truda and organising the formation of factory committees. Following the October Revolution, he came into conflict with the Bolsheviks, who he fiercely criticised for their authoritarian and centralist tendencies. For his anti-Bolshevik activities, he was eventually arrested and imprisoned, before finally being deported from the country. In exile, he continued to lead the anarcho-syndicalist movement, spearheading the establishment of the International Workers' Association (IWA), of which he was a member until his death.

Biography
In 1893, Grigorii Petrovich Maksimov was born into a peasant family in Smolensk. He studied at a seminary of the Orthodox Church in Vladimir, but ultimately decided not to become a priest and instead moved to Saint Petersburg, where he studied to become an agriculturist. During his time at the Agricultural Academy, he became acquainted with anarchism, through the works of Mikhail Bakunin and Peter Kropotkin.

After graduating in 1915, he was immediately drafted into the Imperial Russian Army and deployed to the Eastern Front. He returned to Petrograd during the February Revolution and participated in the workers' strikes that overthrew the Russian Empire. He quickly became a prolific speaker in factories and at workers' rallies. By June 1917, he had been elected to the city's central council of factory committees and became one of its most active members, as part of a rising tide of anarcho-syndicalism in the Russian capital.

In August 1917, he joined the editorial staff of the anarcho-syndicalist newspaper Golos Truda and became one of its main contributors. In the articles he penned for the paper, Maksimov spoke in favour of the factory committees as a model for workers' control, while he criticised mainstream Russian trade unions, which he considered to be a relic of capitalism. He also criticised the anarcho-communists for their advocacy of the immediate expropriation of factories by workers, instead believing in the need for a transitional stage for workers to be trained for the tasks of self-management.

Following the October Revolution, Maksimov participated in the First All Russian Congress of Trade Unions, where delegates of the Bolsheviks and Mensheviks resolved to integrate the anarcho-syndicalist factory committees into the state-controlled trade unions. Maksimov objected, crediting the factory committees for the overthrow of capitalism and the Tsarist autocracy, and cited Karl Marx's appeals for a permanent revolution against the state, even declaring himself a better Marxist than the Marxists themselves. Maksimov rebuffed the claims of David Riazanov, who favoured the trade unions, dismissing him as a "white-handed intellectual who had never worked, never sweated, never felt life." But despite Maksimov's objections, the Bolshevik-majority Congress voted to dissolve the factory committees and to convert them into organs of the state's trade union apparatus.

In Golos Truda, Maksimov denounced the centralisation of industry by the Bolshevik party and declared that Russian anarchists should oppose the Soviets, as they were by this time under the control of the state. When there was a subsequent flare-up of terrorism by the anarcho-communists, he condemned their violent tactics, arguing that they shifted revolutionary energy away from organised action. Political repression followed soon after, with the Bolshevik government closing down Golos Truda in May 1918.

In August 1918, Maksimov participated in the First All-Russian Conference of Anarcho-Syndicalists, which was held in Moscow. The conference was fiercely critical of the Bolshevik government, which it denounced as a regime of "state capitalism". To express the anarcho-syndicalist critique, the conference also established a new newspaper, Volny Golos Truda, which was edited by Maksimov. But the critical articles published in this paper quickly resulted in it being shut down. Despite this setback, in November 1918, the syndicalists were able to convene a second congress, which resolved to form a nationwide anarcho-syndicalist confederation. The conference elected Maksimov as secretary of an Executive Bureau that would form this confederation.

During the subsequent period, Maksimov attempted to organise food workers into underground factory committees, which he hoped would form the nucleus of a nationwide General Confederation of Labor. In March 1920, Maksimov spoke at the Second All-Russian Congress of Food-Industry Workers, which adopted his resolution that denounced the Bolshevik's "dictatorship over the proletariat" and called for the establishment of free soviets. Although his own organising efforts resulted in little success on this front, Maksimov's idea for a decentralised workers' confederation was taken up by the workers' opposition, led by Aleksandra Kollontai. In November 1920, during a wave of political repression against the anarchist movement, Maksimov was arrested by the Cheka and held in custody for weeks. Following the outbreak of the Kronstadt rebellion, the 10th Bolshevik Party Congress declared a ban on factions, suppressing the workers' opposition and imprisoning Maksimov. In order to draw the attention of visiting European syndicalists, who had arrived in Moscow for the first congress of the Profintern, Maksimov and his fellow anarchist inmates in Taganka prison staged a hunger strike. The resulting protest forced the Soviet government to release the prisoners, on condition that they immediately leave the country. In January 1922, Maksimov left for Berlin.

In their German exile, the anarcho-syndicalists founded a new newspaper called Robochii Put (The Workers' Way), printed using the presses of the Free Workers' Union of Germany (FAUD). Out of a reaction to the disorganisation of the Russian anarchist movement, Maksimov and his fellow emigrants resolved to establish an international syndicalist organisation, together with their foreign comrades. In December 1922, they established the International Workers' Association (IWA).

After a brief stay in Paris, in 1925, he moved to the Chicago, where he hung wallpaper and edited Golos Truzhenika, the Russian language organ of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). Following Peter Arshinov's defection to the Soviet Union, Maksimov also took up editing Delo Truda, which took a notedly more syndicalist stance under his stewardship. During his time in the United States, Maksimov attempted to reconcile the syndicalist and communist factions of the anarchist movement. In 1933, he published a "Social Credo" that synthesised the two tendencies, drawing from the works of Peter Kropotkin. He called for the IWA to form agricultural cooperatives and factory committees in order to transform the economy, as part of a transition towards communism.

In 1940, he merged Delo Truda with the Detroit-based journal Probuzhdenie, which kept him busy as its editor. During the 1940s, he also wrote a history of Soviet political repression and compiled a collection of the Mikhail Bakunin's works.

In 1950, Grigorii Petrovich Maksimov died of a heart attack. He is interred in Waldheim Cemetery, near other Chicago anarchists.

Selected works

 * Sovety rabochikh, soldatskikh, i krest'ianskikh deputatov i nashe k nim otnoshenie. (The Soviets of Workers', Soldiers' and Peasants' Deputies and Our Relations with Them) New York: Soiuz Russkikh Rabochikh, 1918.
 * Constructive anarchism: The Debate on the Platform (1927)
 * My social credo (1933)
 * Russian anarchists’ manifesto: For a free Russia! (1934)
 * Bolshevism: Promises and Reality (1935)
 * On the Russian Counter-Revolution (1935)
 * Anarchists and Bolsheviks in the Spanish Revolution (1938)
 * The Guillotine at Work: Twenty Years of Terror in Russia (1940)
 * The Political Philosophy of Bakunin: Scientific Anarchism (1953, editor)
 * Program of Anarcho-Syndicalism [2015]

title: Grigorii Maksimov


text:
Video Recordings Act

Video Recordings Act may refer to:

 * Video Recordings Act 1984 in the United Kingdom
 * Video Recordings Act 1987 in New Zealand
 * Video Recordings Act 2010 in the United Kingdom

title: Video Recordings Act


text:
Landvetter

Landvetter is a locality situated in Härryda Municipality, Västra Götaland County, Sweden. It had 7,152 inhabitants in 2010.

It is the second largest town in the municipality and has given its name to the international airport Göteborg Landvetter Airport, located 5 km east of Landvetter.

The name Landvetter is a combination of "land" (land) and "vittir", an old Swedish name for a certain type of fire.

City Airline had its head office in the Air Cargo Building on the grounds of Göteborg Landvetter Airport in Landvetter. When Transwede Airways existed, its head office was on the airport property.

Sports
Landvetter IS and at least a dozen other sports clubs are located in Landvetter.

title: Landvetter


text:
Wikipedia:Historical archive/Logs/Offline reports/Is this really a disambiguation page?

Overview
The list below shows disambiguation pages which only contain one link. For the purposes of this report, any article containing is considered to be a disambiguation page. It was generated on November 1st, 2004 from the October 23rd, 2004 database dump.

Preamble
Disambiguation pages exist to direct users to the correct article where a given name could mean several different things. Such pages that only contain links to once place may not really be needed. Consider changing them into redirects, adding links to other meanings of the article title, and producing new articles for these links to refer to.

Regenerating this report
This report is generated from a Link Analysis Database using the SQL:

select concat( '*', art_title, '' ) from art where links_from = 1 and art_is_disambig = 1 order by art_title;

Suggested improvements

 * Could also check for page structure - diambig pages generally have an opening statement then an unordered list then - TB 09:40, Jun 9, 2004 (UTC)
 * Note that msg:disambig has been replaced by just disambig. -- Beland 18:42, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

List

 * 31st_Division
 * 34th_Division
 * 55th_Division
 * 56th_Division
 * Northern_France_Campaign


text:
Geoff Cooke (rugby union)

Geoff Cooke OBE (born June 11, 1941) is a former rugby union player, an England Rugby coach and manager of the 1993 British Lions rugby union tour to New Zealand.

Early career
During his playing career he played mainly as a Centre/Fly Half 1962-72 and captained his Club Bradford RFC and his County, Cumbria. Cooke also attended St. John's College, York now York St John University where he played both rugby union and cricket. He was coach to Bradford RFC 1973 to 1975, coach to Yorkshire Rugby Football Union 1975-9, then Chairman of Selectors from 1980-85. He was a North of England selector from 1979-1987.

Management
Cooke was appointed Manager of the England Rugby Union Team in October 1987 and led the England Rugby team in 49 international matches between 1987 and 1994 including two tours to Australia/Fiji and one to Argentina.

Under his leadership, England won successive (1991 and 1992) Grand Slams in the 5 Nations Championship, were runners-up in the 1991 World Cup and winners of the 1993 World Cup Sevens.

In 1993 he was made Manager of the British Lions rugby union tour to New Zealand.

Recent years
In recent years he has been Chief Executive and Director of Rugby at Bedford Rugby Club guiding them to promotion to the Premiership in 1998 and Chief Executive at Wakefield Rugby Club and Worcester Rugby Club until his retirement from full-time employment in April 2002.

Back in the amateur ranks he rejoined his former club, Bradford & Bingley as Director of Rugby, guiding them to promotion to North One in his first season and then taking them straight through in 2003-04 to a second successive promotion to National League Three (North) and also winning the Intermediate Cup at Twickenham.

After retiring from active coaching he served as Executive Director of First Division Rugby Limited, the collective organisation of sixteen clubs that competed in National League 1 of the English Rugby Union Clubs Championship until superseded by the present Championship. Now fully retired he was President and Chairman of the Directors of Bracken Ghyll Golf Club in Addingham, Yorkshire from 2011 to 2013.

Personal life
He is married to Susan with two sons, Andrew (born 1972) and David (born 1976).

He was awarded the O.B.E for services to Rugby Football in June 1992.

He has two books (Rugby Union - 1981 EP Sport & Skilful Rugby Union - 1991 A & C Black) to his name and is the author of numerous articles on sports coaching.

title: Geoff Cooke (rugby union)


text:
Skorradalsvatn

Skorradalsvatn is a lake in the west of Iceland. It is situated in a narrow valley between the Hvalfjörður and the valley Reykholtsdalur (see Reykholt). Its length is about 15 km.

Around the lake there are some high mountains, for example Skarðsheiði. Unusually for Iceland, the shores of the lake are quite forested due to reforestation started by a governmental initiative. Consequently, the valley looks a bit like some regions in the Alps, for example near Salzburg in Austria.

The lake is also a reservoir so that the level of the water surface has been raised.

There are no villages on the shores, but many of summer houses.

title: Skorradalsvatn


text:
A Place So Foreign and Eight More

A Place So Foreign and Eight More is a collection of short stories by Canadian-British writer Cory Doctorow. Six of these stories were released electronically under a Creative Commons license. A paperback edition was issued in New York by publisher Four Walls Eight Windows in 2003 with ISBN 1-56858-286-2. The collection features an introduction by Bruce Sterling, and includes "0wnz0red", which was nominated for the 2003 Nebula Award for Best Novelette.

Contents

 * "The Kingdom of Magic Junk, by Bruce Sterling" (Introduction)
 * "Craphound"
 * "A Place So Foreign"
 * "All Day Sucker"
 * "To Market, To Market: The Rebranding of Billy Bailey"
 * "Return to Pleasure Island"
 * "Shadow of the Mothaship"
 * "Home Again, Home Again"
 * "The Super Man and the Bugout"
 * "0wnz0red"

title: A Place So Foreign and Eight More


text:
User talk:Luigi

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * If you haven't already, please add your name to the new user log to let others know a little about yourself.
 * Read the article describing how to edit a page and feel free to experiment in the Sandbox.
 * When editing pages, use the preview button before submitting and try to fill in the summary box for every edit.
 * Eventually, read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk or ask me on my talk page.
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck! Jrdioko

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

title: User talk:Luigi