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Great Man-Made River

The Great Man-Made River (GMMR, النهر الصناعي العظيم) is a network of pipes that supplies fresh water obtained from the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System fossil aquifer across Libya. It is the world's largest irrigation project. The project utilizes a pipeline system that pumps water from the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System from southern Libya to cities in the populous Libyan northern Mediterranean coast including Tripoli and Benghazi. The water covers a distance of up to 1,600 kilometers and provides 70% of all freshwater used in Libya.

According to its website, it is the largest underground network of pipes (2820 km) and aqueducts in the world. It consists of more than 1,300 wells, most more than 500 m deep, and supplies 6,500,000 m3 of fresh water per day to the cities of Tripoli, Benghazi, Sirte and elsewhere. The late Libyan Leader Muammar Gaddafi described it as the "Eighth Wonder of the World".

History

In 1953, efforts to find oil in southern Libya led to the discovery of large quantities of potable fossil water underground. The Great Man-made River Project (GMRP) was conceived in the late 1960s and work on the project began in 1984. The project's construction was divided into five phases. The first phase required 85 million m³ of excavation and was inaugurated on 28 August 1991. The second phase (dubbed First water to Tripoli) was inaugurated on 1 September 1996.

The project is owned by the Great Man-Made River Project Authority and was funded by the Gaddafi government. The primary contractor for the first phases was Dong Ah Consortium (a South Korean Company) and the present main contractor is Al Nahr Company Ltd.

Imported goods which were destined for use in the construction of the GMR were made in Korea and Europe (mainly in Italy) and arrived by sea via the entry port of Brega (Gulf of Sidra). Cathodic corrosion protection on the pipeline was supplied by an Australian company, AMAC Corrosion Protection, based in Melbourne and delivered via Port of Benghazi. The rest of the goods were made in Libya.

The total cost of the project was projected at more than US$25 billion. Libya has completed the work to date without the financial support of major countries or loans from world banks. Since 1990, UNESCO has provided training to engineers and technicians involved with the project.

The fossil aquifer from which this water is being supplied is the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System. It accumulated during the last ice age and is not currently being replenished. If 2007 rates of retrieval are not increased, the water could last a thousand years. Other estimates indicate that the aquifer could be depleted of water in as soon as 60 to 100 years. Analysts say that the costs of the $25 billion groundwater extraction system are 10% those of desalination.

In this project 1 billion euros were invested for the installation of 50,000 artificial palm trees for water condensation. This project was carried out by the Spanish engineer Antonio Ibáñez de Alba.

On 22 July 2011, during the First Libyan Civil War and the foreign military intervention, one of the two plants making pipes for the project, the Brega Plant, was hit by a NATO air strike. At a press conference on 26 July, NATO claimed that rockets had been fired from within the plant area, and that military materiel, including multiple rocket launchers, was stored there according to intelligence findings, presenting two photos of an BM-21 MRL as sole evidence for the destruction of the factory. The evidence for a potential UN resolutions breach has been insufficient.

During the Second Libyan Civil War from 2014 to 2020, the water infrastructure suffered neglect and occasional breakdowns. As of July 2019, 101 of 479 wells on the western pipeline system had been dismantled.

On 10 April 2020, a station controlling water flow to Tripoli and neighboring towns was seized by an unknown armed group. The flow of water was cut to over two million people as a result, and as such the attack was condemned by the United Nations on humanitarian grounds.

Timeline

 * 3 October 1983: The General People's Congress held an extraordinary session to draft the resolutions of the Basic People's Congresses, which decided to fund and execute the Great Man-Made River Project.
 * 28 August 1984: Muammar Gaddafi laid the foundation stone in Sarir area for the commencement of the construction of the Great Man-Made River Project.
 * 28 August 1986: Muammar Gaddafi inaugurated the Brega plant for the production of the pre-stressed concrete cylinder pipes, which are considered the largest pipes made with pre-stressed steel wire (the majority of steel wire was made in Italy by the Redaelli Tecna S.p.A. company with its head office in Cologno Monzese-Milan and its factory in Caivano-Naples). The Sarir plant was also inaugurated on this date.
 * 26 August 1989: Muammar Gaddafi laid the foundation stone for phase two of the Great Man-Made River Project.

First water arrival

 * 11 September 1989: to Ajdabiya reservoir.
 * 28 September 1989: to Grand Omar Muktar reservoir.
 * 4 September 1991: to Ghardabiya reservoir.
 * 28 August 1996: to Tripoli.
 * 28 September 2007: to Gharyan.

Additional sources

 * BBC News: Libya's thirst for 'fossil water' (article contains map of pipe network)
 * Project article at Encyclopædia Britannica
 * TEKFEN İNŞAAT official article

title: Great Man-Made River


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Dardanelles Army

The Dardanelles Army was formed in late 1915 and comprised the three army corps of the British Army operating at Gallipoli. It was created as a result of the reorganisation of headquarters when the second Mediterranean front opened at Salonika. Prior to this, all British (and Dominion) units in the Mediterranean came under GHQ of the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force. The Dardanelles Army was created to manage operations at Gallipoli while the Salonika Army managed operations at Salonika. Both armies came under the direction of the MEF, which was also responsible for the defence of Egypt.

The Dardanelles Army was short-lived as, by the time of its creation, offensive operations at Gallipoli had ceased and plans for the evacuation were being made. For most of its existence, the Army was commanded by Lieutenant General William Birdwood. It comprised the British VIII Corps and IX Corps as well as the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps and the 1st Newfoundland Regiment.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Dardanelles Army


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Fairview Mountain (Alberta)

Fairview Mountain (sometimes called Mount Fairview) is a mountain in Banff National Park situated along the southeastern shoreline of Lake Louise. The mountain was named in 1894 by Walter Wilcox, which reflects the view from the top. An alternate name for the peak is Goat Mountain although it is rarely referred to as such.

While imposing cliffs seen from Lake Louise may indicate a difficult climb, the mountain is easily ascended by experienced hikers via a trail around the backside on the southern slopes of the mountain.

Geology
Fairview Mountain is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Cambrian period. Formed in shallow seas, this sedimentary rock was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.

Climate
Based on the Köppen climate classification, Fairview is located in a subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Winter temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors below −30 °C.

title: Fairview Mountain (Alberta)


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Dan Vandal

Daniel Vandal (born April 18, 1960) is a Métis Canadian politician in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. He represented St. Boniface on the Winnipeg City Council from 1995 to 2004 and from 2006 to 2014, and ran unsuccessfully for Mayor of Winnipeg in 2004, coming in second to Sam Katz. He briefly served as acting mayor of Winnipeg following Glen Murray's resignation. On October 19, 2015, he was elected as the Member of Parliament for Saint Boniface—Saint Vital in the House of Commons of Canada. He is a member of the Liberal Party of Canada and as of November 20, 2019 serves as the Federal Minister of Northern Affairs in Justin Trudeau's cabinet. On October 26, 2021, he was also named Minister responsible for the Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency and Minister responsible for the Prairies Economic Development Agency of Canada.

Early life and career
Vandal was born on April 18, 1960 to a Métis family in Winnipeg, the youngest of eight children. His family identified as French Canadian during his youth, and he only became aware of his Métis heritage in later life.

Vandal dropped out of high school, and was a manual labourer for part of his teenage years. He started boxing at age 15, turned professional in 1978, and was the #1 ranked Canadian middleweight in 1983. The following year, he fought Alex Hilton for the Canadian title in front of 18,000 fans at the Montreal Forum. He later credited boxing for turning his life around, and has opposed efforts to ban the sport.

Vandal subsequently became a youth worker at Winnipeg's Mamawiwichiitata Centre, and received a degree in Social Work from the University of Manitoba. He was vice-president of the Old St. Boniface Residents Association in the 1990s, and campaigned against the proposed construction of a stadium for Sam Katz's Winnipeg Goldeyes baseball team in Whittier Park.

City councillor

 * Thompson administration

Vandal was elected to the Winnipeg City Council in the 1995 municipal election, winning an upset victory over incumbent councillor Evelyne Reese in the St. Boniface Ward. He was associated with the left-leaning Winnipeg in the '90s (WIN) group, which also included councillors Glen Murray and Lillian Thomas. In 1996, Vandal and Murray served on an ad hoc social services committee that held a series of public hearings on federal and provincial welfare cuts. He later saved the Pointe Hebert neighbourhood in his ward from being turned into parkland, and was chosen to sit on the city's newly formed property and development committee in November 1997.

Vandal was a frequent opponent of Mayor Susan Thompson during his first term, and voted against several of Thompson's major initiatives. He opposed a 2% salary rollback for municipal employees in 1996, and later opposed the dissolution of the Winnipeg Housing Rehabilitation Corporation, which provided public housing. In 1997, he voted against a proposal to allow Sam Katz to build a new baseball stadium for the Goldeyes on a city-owned site at The Forks. Vandal's position was that the project was not financially viable, and that Katz would later return to the city for more money. The initiative nonetheless passed, and CanWest Global Park opened in 1999.

In February 1997, Vandal introduced a motion to create a municipal aboriginal affairs committee that would address issues of crime prevention and health. He later represented Winnipeg on an aboriginal subcommittee of the Manitoba Round Table on Environment and Economy.

 * Murray administration

The WIN organization was dissolved after the 1995 election. Vandal was re-elected in the 1998 municipal election as an independent with support from the Winnipeg Labour Council and the New Democratic Party, of which he was a member at the time. Glen Murray was elected Mayor of Winnipeg in this campaign, and appointed Vandal to his executive policy committee (i.e. the municipal cabinet) as chair of the protection and community services committee, which oversees Winnipeg's police, fire and hospital services. Vandal also led a task force charged with improving francophone services in the city, and was one of three council representatives on the board of Winnipeg Enterprises Corp.

 * Chair of the Protection and Community Services Committee

Murray's administration was often at odds with Gary Doer's provincial government in early 2000 over Winnipeg's ambulance services. Murray and Vandal argued that the city's share of the cost, about $2.5 million per year, should be assumed by the province. Doer initially disagreed, and the issue was unresolved for several months. In July 2000, the city and the province announced a deal with the Winnipeg Regional Health Authority to provide five new ambulances and thirty new paramedics, with a ceiling on municipal costs. Vandal said that he was very pleased with the outcome.

Vandal promoted a plan to turn over some police responsibilities to civilian control in 1999, both to reduce costs and to free up more officers for front-line duty. He later supported a plan to introduce photo radar to catch speeding drivers, and endorsed a 2000 report that called for three fire stations to be closed to provide increased funding for paramedic services. Vandal argued that overall fire services would not be affected, as a smaller number of stations could oversee the city. Later in the year, he announced $445,000 in new money to combat a growing problem of arson.

 * Chair of the Property and Development Committee

Murray shuffled the executive policy committee on October 30, 2000, and moved Vandal to the chairmanship of Winnipeg's property and development committee. Soon after his appointment, he helped bring about the demolition of an abandoned Canada Packers site in his ward. The site had been regarded as an eyesore for many years, and was a frequent target for arsonists.

Vandal was chair of the property and development committee when Wal-Mart announced that it had found suitable land for a new establishment in north Winnipeg. This came two years after the company lost a political battle to construct a store in a separate area of the same neighbourhood. Vandal argued that this announcement validated council's decision to reject the initial application, which he said would have cost the city an extra $20 million.

Vandal was again endorsed by the Winnipeg Labour Council for the 2002 municipal election. No challengers came forward, and Vandal was returned to council by acclamation. Glen Murray was elected to a second term as mayor, and Vandal was kept as chair of the property and development committee after the election. In 2003, he helped oversee the beginnings of a new subdivision in Waverley West.

 * Aboriginal issues

Vandal said that he wanted to make aboriginal issues the top priority of his third term in office, and was subsequently the primary author of a 15-point strategy to combat poverty among Winnipeg's aboriginal community. The strategy was highlighted by a plan to create urban reserves, and to provide increased municipal support for aboriginal ventures. The final version of the Municipal Aboriginal Pathways strategy was officially unveiled in September 2003.

 * Other issues

Vandal believed that St. Boniface could be developed as a vibrant French Quarter for Winnipeg, and supported tax credits as a means of encouraging this outcome. He also supported a plan to increase the area's population, arguing that this would bring about improvements in other fields.

Vandal was the only member of Murray's cabinet to support a compromise with local anti-poverty groups to remove the most contentious aspects of an anti-panhandling by-law in 1999. He supported funding for downtown festivals as a means of boosting tourism, and helped approve $200,000 to this end in 2000. He was the first cabinet member to favour a total indoor smoking ban in public places, and supported Winnipeg's landmark smoking ban in 2002.

In May 2002, Vandal represented the mayor and council for the raising of a gay pride flag at city hall. He said that he hoped the flag would encourage a spirit of tolerance.

There were rumours that Vandal would run as a candidate of the Liberal Party of Canada in a federal by-election in St. Boniface in 2002, but he declined to pursue the option. He later took part in a major Winnipeg protest against the 2003 invasion of Iraq.

 * Deputy Mayor

Vandal was promoted to Deputy Mayor of Winnipeg in a November 2003 cabinet shuffle, while remaining chair of the property and development committee and receiving additional responsibility for implementing the city's aboriginal strategy. Many pundits saw this as evidence that Murray was preparing Vandal to become his successor as mayor. In 2004, Vandal indicated his support for Prime Minister Paul Martin's plan to divert a portion of Canada's Goods and Services Tax revenue to municipal infrastructure.

In late 2003, Vandal requested that hockey legend and franchise owner Mario Lemieux consider bringing the Pittsburgh Penguins to Winnipeg. This was considered to be a longshot offer, and was not successful. Vandal later indicated that Winnipeg was contacted by a "Sun Belt" hockey franchise that was considering a move to Winnipeg, although this too never came to fruition. It was later revealed that the team in question was the Tampa Bay Lightning.

In late April 2004, Vandal was appointed to a steering committee on the development of Manitoba's capital region.

Mayoral campaign
Glen Murray announced his resignation as mayor of Winnipeg on May 11, 2004, stepping down in mid-term to run for a seat in the House of Commons of Canada. Vandal served as acting mayor until May 14, when he resigned his St. Boniface seat to officially seek election as Murray's successor. He appointed Jae Eadie to the position of deputy mayor before resigning, which meant that Eadie served as acting mayor during the campaign.

Vandal ran on his record of accomplishment in Glen Murray's administration, while indicating that he would run the city in a different style. He promised $4.4 million annually in new spending, a downtown housing tax credit and productivity reinvestment tax credit, doubling the city's arts funding, and the creation of a new municipal holiday to celebrate the city's heritage. His campaign launch was introduced by Tina Keeper, and his supporters included John Angus, Jenny Gerbasi, Lillian Thomas and Mary Richard, as well as the Winnipeg Labour Council and local anti-poverty activists. Despite a strong start, his campaign was hurt by the late entry of MaryAnn Mihychuk, whose candidacy split the centre-left vote. Some argued that Vandal also had difficulty presenting himself as a strong leader. He ultimately finished second against Sam Katz.

Shortly after the election, Vandal was hired by the province to administer a $75 million urban development agreement for Winnipeg's inner city. He later became a project officer with the aboriginal affairs committee of the provincial cabinet.

Return to city council
Vandal was re-elected to the Winnipeg City Council for St. Boniface in the 2006 municipal election over incumbent Franco Magnifico, who had taken the seat after Vandal stepped down in 2004. The contest was expected to be close, but Vandal won by a significant margin. By this time, he once again identified as a member of the New Democratic Party. Sam Katz was re-elected as mayor.

Vandal was appointed to the Winnipeg Housing Steering Committee in March 2007, and also sits on the property and planning committee. In early 2007, he wrote an opinion piece for the Winnipeg Free Press calling for a reduction in property taxes rather than the business tax cut favoured by Katz. He argued that a business tax cut would drive up property rates, citing precedents in several other North American cities. Vandal has also criticized Katz and council for not moving forward with educational and employment opportunities for aboriginal youth, despite having allocated funds for such programs.

Vandal emerged as one of Sam Katz's most prominent council opponents in late 2007 and 2008. He was a vocal critic of Katz's water and sewer rate increases in late 2007, and accused the mayor of diverting the increased funds into general revenue to pay for his business tax cuts. (Following criticism, Katz agreed to stop the funding diversion by 2009. Some political observers described this as the first serious setback to Katz's control over council after the 2006 election.)  Vandal later opposed Katz's plan for a private-public partnership to repair Winnipeg's Disraeli Bridge and Freeway.

Vandal called for a public inquiry into the finances Riverside Park Management in late 2008, after the city erased $233,000 from the organization's back taxes. The Riverside group is closely linked to Katz's baseball team, and Vandal and others have raised concerns about a potential conflict-of-interest situation and Riverside's status as a non-profit organization.

In late 2007, Vandal helped create a new city park named after Elzéar Goulet, who was a member of Louis Riel's provisional government in 1869-70. He later helped preserve a provincial historical site at Upper Fort Garry against opposition from Mayor Katz and developers.

As one of his last acts as councilor in September 2014, Vandal instigated a two part motion to address the plight of abducted vulnerable women nationwide, particularly Native women. The motion calls for: the city to support the growing nationwide body of advocates including party leaders and advocates and Winnipeg, and provincial governments demanding a Federal inquiry into the plight of abducted and murdered women. The motion also calls for greater support for the Winnipeg Police to protect and socially support the recovery of vulnerable women of Winnipeg. The motion was passed with a vote of 14–1 on September 24, 2014 and Winnipeg the first major municipality to join the body of advocates. Outgoing mayor Sam Katz amended the proposition to include $150K to support an aboriginal youth drop in center. Vandal believes that this position will help open a dialog and advocate for the reforms to enhance protection of vulnerable women by giving them a voice.

Federal politics
Vandal stated that he would not run for re-election in 2014 and would instead run as the federal Liberal candidate in Saint Boniface—Saint Vital in the next federal election. Within a day of the writ drop, Vandal was endorsed by the United Fire Fighters of Winnipeg president Alex Forrest.

Having represented most of the territory covered by the riding for the better part of two decades, Vandal was considered a strong candidate. His chances significantly increased when Conservative incumbent Shelly Glover announced she would not run for reelection. While Glover had held the riding for two terms, it was ancestrally a Liberal one. Vandal won easily as part of the Liberals' near-sweep of Winnipeg, and was reelected almost as easily in 2021.

He is the current Minister of Northern Affairs and Minister responsible for two Regional Development Agencies: the Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency (CanNor) and the Prairies Economic Development Agency of Canada (PrairiesCan).

title: Dan Vandal


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Talk:Ger tzedek

IZAK don't be anonymous, you do realize that you have completely reversed the point of view of the original article instead of adding thwe alternative POV?Wiki is not about t4rying to force one POV into domination but to report all of the POVs in a neutral manner.Zestauferov 05:26, 12 May 2004 (UTC)

Halakha & Gerim
Hi Zest:You are introducing ERRONEOUS definitions and confusing people. A "Ger" or a "Ger Tzedek" is someone who has become fully and Halachically Jewish 100% because they have undergone "GIUR" ("Conversion) and this is what makes them into a "Ger". "Ger Tzedek" refers to a very "Righteous" convert. One CANNOT be refered to as either a "Ger" or "Ger Tzedek" PRIOR to the actual "day of conversion" when an AUTHORIZED Beit Din accepts the PROSPECTIVE Ger and oversees the Halachic requirements, such as immersion in the Mikveh supervised by that Beth Din. ONLY THEN does the Beit Din ISSUE a "SHTAR GIUR" (Certficate of Conversion) certifying that the former GENTILE (GOY) is now a Jew (Halachik Jew).  So to call someone who has NOT immeresed in the Mikveh a "Jew" is incorrect from the point of view of Halacha and any branch of Orthodox Judaism and most Conservative Judaism goes by this procedure. The Reform Judaism and Reconstructionist Judaism do not have these standards for conversion to Judaism. The branch of "Netzarim" people, who believe in "Ribi Jesus" are confusing you. Maybe you would enjoy learning at http://www.aish.com/ or http://www.ohr.org.il/ or at http://www.chabad.org/ and you will see that they will all say what I have just told you here. IZAK 19:50, 12 May 2004 (UTC)

According to what I am learning from the Beit Din I am thinking of practicing in (ask your Rabbi to tell you which one), by making a distinction between one who has become Jewish and one who was born Jewish Izak you and your teachers are breaking halakha. Maybe your Beit Din has a different stance on this. I do not know well about the differences between the beitei Din yet. I have already mentioned that Wiki is not about the battle for one opinion to dominate, but for the neutral expression of the various opinions. Are you not content enough with my leaving the Jew page according to your opinion that you are seeking to silence my Beit Din's position here too? My beit din does not accept any Noahides as genuine unless their intention is to become fully torah observant with the exceptions provided for them within the Torah. The 7 noahide laws are simply a minimum start. Please read http://www.noahide.com/minimum.htm for more details on that. Only those Noahides who cannot become Jewish because for example they are married to a Gentile, or have damaged genitalia, etc. are permitted to remain Ger Tzedek, The word Guir does not mean convert it means proselytize why do you think we never used the word convert with regards to Judaism even in English until recently? You were either as Jew or a Proselyte ("Judaized" non-Jew). That is the traditional stance. I know American Reform movement is trying to promote different views but then so are Messianics, but in the orthodox view there is no difference between these two schools.Zestauferov

Zest: Noahides have NOTHING to do with the question of Halachik conversion according to Orthodox Judaism. They are merely a wonderful group of NON-JEWS (Gentiles) who have decided to follow the "7 Laws of Noah" (they are NOT "converts" and they are NOT "GERIM" or "Ger Tzedek" in any way shape size or form or whatever....). I have not touched on that subject at all, so I don't know why you drag them into this discussion.IZAK 18:45, 13 May 2004 (UTC)

Who said anything about "discriminating" between true "Ger" (convert) or "Ger Tzedek" (righteous converts) and a Jew born of a Jewish mother? I am NOT suggesting that Halakha be broken at all. We are having a SCHOLARLY discussion about these issues. It is the Torah that says that "You should love the ger (convert)" (Leviticus, chapter 19, vs.33-34): Is the Torah "discriminating" because it calls a "ger" a "ger"? On the contrary, SOMETIMES it is a high COMPLIMENT in Torah Judaism to call someone a "Ger", such as the famous case of the Vilna Gaon's Count Potocki, who is known as the "Ger Tzedek of Vilna" or the "Ger of Vilna". All throughout classical Torah writings there is mention of those who are a "Ger Tzedek". However, as far as Reform Judaism, they definitely and deliberately "changed" (some would call it "broken") the paramaters and allow even people who do not have a Jewish mother but only have a Jewish father to call themselves "Jews", so they have created a schism that allows people who according to Halakha are NOT Jews to call themselves "Jews".IZAK 18:45, 13 May 2004 (UTC)

The term "giur" means the PROCESS of conversion. I am just trying to help you out with correct terminology as you say yourself you are only now begining to learn about HALAKHIC Judaism in depth. IZAK 18:32, 13 May 2004 (UTC)

P.S. why don't you stop mentioning the name of that "divinity' you like to name so much. It is also against Halakha to do so. I don't want to alienate you, but I do find it unfair that you are trying to give the impression in your posts that I am being misled while I am simply following Halakha while you are the one who has been misled into not following Halakha. Please consider the nature of the ground you are standing upon friend. Zestauferov 06:44, 13 May 2004 (UTC)

What "Halakha" are you "following" if you call someone who has NOT completed the process of conversion yet, and is Halakhically a complete Gentile, a "Ger" or "Ger Tzedek"? IZAK 18:32, 13 May 2004 (UTC)

Circumcision is a prerequisite of becomming a Jew (for men, I think you may be right that Ruth was just a Ger Tzedek -I have to get confirmation- since one can be a Jew if you are the son of at least a Ger Tzedek female & a male Jew). Read the Torah. I have heard that some Beitei din even insist that one who has already been circumcised must have a symbolic nic in the forskin or even be re-circumcised if possible. You wrote it yourself, Mikhvah is the final requirement for a Ger Tzedek or Proselyte and not circumcision. Zestauferov 06:53, 13 May 2004 (UTC)

Zest: FIRST comes the circumcision ( and yes, if the converting gentile did have it done earlier it must now be done symbolically with just a drop of blood drawn, known as hatafat dam brit), and then the FINAL STEP is the immersion in the waters of the mikveh, as far as I know. Why would you think that a man can "skip" brit mila (the required circumcison of conversion), and fancy to call himself a Halakhic "Jew" by merely going into a mikveh? That sounds really too much like Christianity which merely requires "baptism". Judaism is not some sort of "eloborate Baptist religion". I highly recommend you purchase a copy of BECOMING A  JEW By (Orthodox) Rabbi Maurice Lamm. (Jonatahn David Publisheers) Get it at your local Judaica store or online at either http://search.barnesandnoble.com/booksearch/isbnInquiry.asp?userid=BQv1PKPx8K&isbn=0824603508&itm=1 or at http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0824603508/103-5616073-8653426?v=glance  IZAK 18:32, 13 May 2004 (UTC)
 * Barnes&Noble:
 * Amazon:

Here is an online reference from one of the communities I respect most http://www.chayas.com/ger.htm You will see that this is not a netzarim site at all and that my POV is certainly valid. I hope you will do something about reverting your very strong suppression of my POV considereing the facts presented. If not I will do it myself, I will try not to show a bias. All the best.Zestauferov 15:17, 19 May 2004 (UTC)

Discussion on Netzarim
This section of the discussion does not belong here it has been moved following no objection to the Talk:Nazarene Judaism page. Zestauferov 11:02, 17 May 2004 (UTC)

 * I've removed the link and incorporated the material into the article to give some context. JFW | T@lk  20:52, 19 May 2004 (UTC)

Ger Tzedek
'''In Reform Judaism, Ger Tzedek has a different meaning since they make a distinction between their own Ethnic Jews and people who become Jewish, but such a stance is seen as apostasy by the ultra orthodox community. The reform view is derived from an interpretation of Maimonides, who stated that Abraham is the father of all the Righteous (Tzedekim).'''

Though I haven't checked the edit history, this paragraph looks like a typical Zestauferovism. Does it actually add any value? Indeed, aside from making Zestauferov's usual point (that Reform is considered apostacy by Orthodox), does it even mean anything? Jayjg 17:27, 19 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Hello, any comments? Jayjg 21:49, 19 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * I find his edit confusing. Taken as written, it adds no information to the article, and I suspedct it will confuse readers. RK 00:36, Sep 20, 2004 (UTC)

 * It is Zestauferovese. Delete and replace with something that actually represent Reform views on conversion to Judaism. JFW | T@lk  09:04, 20 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Reversing conversion
I do not believe a rabbinical court can reverse a conversion, but they can annul it if they find it was entered into under fraudulent premises. The most famous case (that I'm aware of) is the Paula Cohen (if memory serves me right about the name), who converted in Israel, promptly married a Kohein, moved to the UK, where the London Beth Din refused to accept the conversion. Once the rabbi in Israel heard that she'd a) moved out of Israel and b) married a Kohein, they "took back" the conversion as well. Without getting into the case beyond this, the point made was that Ms. Cohen intended fully to marry a Kohein at the point when she converted.

---

If I am not mistaken, essentially the same principle applies to Orthodoxy's rejection of, say, Conservadox conversions: they are done according to Orthodox ritual, but one of the premises (namely, an Orthodox understanding of the nature of the law) is not present. I don't think the semikha of the Rabbi involved is the primary issue; most Conservadox rabbis have Orthodox semikhas. Hasdrubal 20:38, 28 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Restrictions on a convert
As far as I know there isn't a general restriction against converts serving on a beit din. There is, however, a restriction against them serving on a beit din that is witnessing a conversion. (There are, after all, other uses for a beit din). For some reason I can't quite understand, it is thought that converts have a conflict of interest in such a situation.--Leifern 02:43, 31 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * No, a convert cannot be appointed a Dayan (he may sit on a beth din though). This is based on a textual hint in the Torah and not on logic. The other restriction is female converts marrying kohanim. JFW | T@lk  06:26, 31 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Dinopup's additions

 * Judaism was once more of a proselytizing religion than is commonly thought. The very word "proselyte" originally meant a Greek who had converted to Judaism.  In the Gospels there are criticisms of Pharasees for being so enthusiastic about making conversions.  Byzantine authorities passed edicts against converting to Judaism as late as the 6th century.  The Byzantine government would not have needed to pass such laws if conversions were not occurring.

Dinopup, could you please provide some sort of sources for this; e.g. the verses in the gospel, or the date or name of the Byzantine edicts? Also, you conclusion about those edicts seems highly POV; do you have support for this reasoning? Jayjg (talk) 03:07, 13 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure what verse Dinopup had in mind, but a notable one is Matthew 25:15, which in the King James version reads "Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! for ye compass sea and land to make one proselyte, and when he is made, ye make him twofold more the child of hell than yourselves."Benami 14:59, 4 December 2005 (UTC)

I agree with what I take Jayjg to be saying: a prohibition of X is not a proof that X is actually happening to any significant extent, but, rather, it is a sign that the powers that be fear X (whether reasonably or not). I also agree with Dinopup's statement, except for the last sentence. Hasdrubal 20:40, 28 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Poppycock!
Ger does not mean Convert! Hitgairut = conversion and is from a competely different root. Just because two root words in Hebrew look the same it does not mean they are etymologically related. It is shameful that there should be any Hebrew speakers confusing the two words here. Ger (as in Ger Tzedek, Ger Toshav or Ger Ha Shaar) means Stranger/foreigner/sojourner and that is all. Any other meaning for a similar Hebrew sound is a different Hebrew word.
 * It's the same word, it has multiple meanings. Jayjg (talk) 18:07, 22 July 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ger tzedek


text:
Mount Fairview

Mount Fairview can refer to:

 * Fairview Mountain (Alberta), Canada
 * Mount Fairview (Colorado) in Custer County, Colorado

title: Mount Fairview


text:
Xyridaceae

The Xyridaceae are a family of flowering plants. This family has been recognized by many taxonomists and is known as the yellow-eyed grass family.

The APG II system, of 2003 (unchanged from the APG system of 1998), also recognizes this family, and assigns it to the order Poales in the clade commelinids, in the monocots. This treatment in APG II represents a slight change from the APG system of 1998, which had recognized the family Abolbodaceae for some of the plants included here; that family was unplaced as to order, but was assigned to this same clade (although APG used the spelling "commelinoids").

The family contains almost 400 species in five genera, but most of the species are found in the genus Xyris (see also Abolboda). The species are mostly tropical and subtropical.

The Cronquist system of 1981 also recognized such a family and placed it in the order Commelinales in the subclass Commelinidae in class Liliopsida in division Magnoliophyta.

The Wettstein system, last updated in 1935, placed the family in order Enantioblastae.

Xyris torta, twisted yellow-eyed grass, is on Minnesota's endangered species list.

In 2021 it was discovered that Fusarium xyrophilum was able to hijack a South American species of yellow-eyed Xyris grass, creating fake flowers, fooling bees and other pollinating insects into visiting them, taking fungal spores to other plants.

title: Xyridaceae


text:
Neil Leifer

Neil Leifer (born December 28, 1942) is an American sports photographer and filmmaker known mainly for his work in the Time Inc. family of magazines.

Early life and education
Neil Leifer grew up on the Lower East Side of Manhattan in New York City. At the age of thirteen, Leifer was introduced to photography through the Henry Street Settlement House, which offered free classes to the poor children of the neighborhood. Leifer began taking sports pictures, since it combined the two things that he liked. Along with Leifer, the photography group at the Settlement House produced three other photographers: John Iacono, Manny Millan, and Stanley Kubrick.

When he wasn't doing photography as a youth, Leifer had odd jobs, such as shining shoes and delivering sandwiches. Eventually, he saved enough money to buy his first camera.

Early career
As a boy in New York City, Leifer would gain free admission to New York Giants games by pushing the wheelchairs of handicapped patrons into the stadium. Using his free ticket and a camera, he would then position himself on the field with the photographers. Leifer gained free admission to the December 28, 1958 NFL title game between the Giants and Baltimore Colts. This game became famous as the first overtime game in league history, and is often referred to as the "Greatest Game Ever Played." Leifer, on his sixteenth birthday, caught several images of the game-winning touchdown which he sold to Sports Illustrated. Sports Illustrated's editors liked Leifer's work and he quickly became a boy wonder at the magazine. He had his first cover shot in 1962 at age 19.

Sports Illustrated
Leifer was also known for taking risks. For the 1966 heavyweight title fight between Cleveland Williams and Muhammad Ali, he placed a camera in the rafters of the Houston Astrodome to get a shot of the canvas when the victor knocked out his competition. It has been said that it is the only photo Neil Leifer took himself that is hanging in his house, also he regards this as his favorite photograph from a 40-year professional career. His shot of Ali and a defeated Williams has been seen by millions and was voted the greatest sport photo ever by The Observer.

A year earlier, Leifer was one of the only two photographers with color film in his camera when Ali knocked out Sonny Liston in Lewiston, Maine, and his image of the moment has become not just one of his most famous photos, but one of the most memorable sports photos of all time – seen by many as the greatest sports photograph in history.

Another demanding technique, Leifer frequently used strip photography in the 1970s for athletes including Gaylord Perry and Billy Kidd, and for sports such as IndyCar racing.

Time Magazine
In 1978, Leifer left sports for a wider range of assignments with Time Magazine and produced 40 covers for the magazine. His cover subjects have included, President Ronald Reagan and Vice President George Bush, Alabama football coach Bear Bryant, National Rifle Association President Joe Foss, Statue of Liberty's 100th birthday celebration, actors Burt Reynolds and Clint Eastwood, Pope John Paul II's visit to America, Heavyweight Champion Mike Tyson, New York City Mayor Ed Koch, The Space Shuttle Columbia, President Jimmy Carter, The Animals of Africa, Olympian Carl Lewis, and actor Paul Newman.

In 1992, Leifer covered both the Winter Olympic Games in Albertville, France and the Summer Olympic Games in Barcelona, Spain. The 2000 Summer Olympic Games in Sydney, Australia was the fifteenth Olympic Games he has covered.

In later years, Leifer gradually reduced his photography workload, turning his attention to films, although he has been known to come out of retirement for a special cover shoot for Sports Illustrated on rare occasions.

Filmmaker and documentarian
In recent years, Leifer has focused his creativity to the moving image. He is the director, producer and often writer, of noteworthy film including features, shorts, and documentaries.

In 2007, Leifer was shortlisted for the documentary film short Oscar for Portraits of a Lady which he directed, and co-produced with Walter Bernard.

Books
The Best of Leifer (2001) is a retrospective of Leifer's 40 years as a photojournalist and showcases the best of his sports and non-sports photographs. Neil Leifer, Ballet in the Dirt: The Golden Age of Baseball (2007) is a collection of Leifer’s baseball photographs of the 1960s and 1970s, the “Golden Age of Baseball”. Guts and Glory: The Golden Age of American Football 1958–1978 (2008) is a collection of Leifer’s football photographs of the late 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. In Relentless: The Stories behind the Photographs (2016) Leifer gives a behind the scenes look at the stories behind fifty of his most iconic pictures.

 * 1969 Dreadnought Returns Baum, Printing House
 * 1970 Dreadnought Farewell, Kaye
 * 1976 The Mark Spitz Complete Book of Swimming Crowell
 * 1979 Sports Abrams
 * 1985 Neil Leifer’s Sports Stars, Doubleday
 * 1987 US Naval Airpower – Supercarrier in Action, Motorbooks
 * 1988 USS New Jersey – The Navy's Big Guns: From Mothballs to Vietnam, Motorbooks
 * 1988 USS New Jersey – World War II To The Persian Gulf, Motorbooks
 * 1991 Muhammad Ali – Memories, Rizzoli
 * 1992 Safari, Reader's Digest
 * 1992 Sports, HarperCollins
 * 2001 The Best of Leifer, Abbeville
 * 2003 Neil Leifer: Portraits (with an introduction by Tom Brokaw), St. Ann's
 * 2004 G.O.A.T. (Leifer was one of 2 principal photographers), Taschen
 * 2006 A Year in Sports (with an introduction by Frank Deford), Abbeville
 * 2007 Neil Leifer, Ballet in the Dirt: The Golden Age of Baseball (with an introduction by Ron Shelton), Taschen *2008 Neil Leifer, Guts and Glory: The Golden Age of American Football, 1958–1979 (with an introduction by Jim Murray), Taschen
 * 2016 Relentless: The Stories behind the Photographs, University of Texas Press

The Neil Leifer Picture Collection
The Neil Leifer Picture Collection contains photographs, B&W and color, taken over the last 45 years (mainly in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s) of most of the major sporting events throughout the world.

title: Neil Leifer


text:
Bananaphone

Bananaphone is a children's album released by Raffi and Michael Creber in 1994. The album is best known for its title track, which uses puns such as "It's a phone with appeal!" (a peel) and nonce words like "bananular" and "interactive-odular" as Raffi extols the virtues of his unique telephone.

The song "C-A-N-A-D-A" was originally recorded by Stompin' Tom Connors under the title "Cross Canada".

The album was certified Gold by the CRIA in March 2002.

Track listing

 * 1) "Bananaphone" (Creber, Raffi) 3:12
 * 2) "Shake a Toe" (Creber, Raffi) 2:20
 * 3) "The World We Love" (Creber, Raffi) 3:23
 * 4) "Slow Day" (Creber, Raffi) 3:25
 * 5) "The Changing Garden of Mr. Bell" (Hubbard, Silversher) 4:07
 * 6) "Naturally" (Creber, Raffi) 3:04
 * 7) "Spring Flowers" [instrumental] (Raffi) 2:40
 * 8) "C-A-N-A-D-A" (Connors) 2:50
 * 9) "Michael Row the Boat Ashore" (Traditional) 3:25
 * 10) "First Peoples" (Creber, Raffi) 4:37
 * 11) "Dee Myth" [instrumental] (Raffi) 2:21
 * 12) "Cowlit Night" (Raffi) 3:21
 * 13) "The Gorilla Song" (Knowles, Knowles) 2:10
 * 14) "Simple Gifts" (Traditional) 2:15
 * 15) "Down by the Riverside" (Traditional) 3:13
 * 16) "The Shmenge Polka" [instrumental] (A Tribute to the late John Candy) (Raffi) 2:07

Cover versions
The album's title track has been covered in several different musical genres. Examples include a barbershop version, several heavy metal versions, a dubstep version  and a bluegrass/country version by Rhonda Vincent released on the album Sing Along with Putumayo released by Putumayo World Music.

The Chilean children's show Cachureos released a cover of Bananaphone called "Teléfono" on its 1996 album, "La Mosca".

title: Bananaphone


text:
B32 Business Basic

B32 Business Basic was a competitor to Data General Business Basic written by Murray Haszard in 1986. It ran on the Data General Eclipse MV line of computers initially, and was ported to Unix in 1989 and to DOS in 1991.

B32 Software was the company that developed and supported B32 Business Basic, with the original site in Auckland, New Zealand supplemented by a sales and support centre in Blue Ash, Ohio.

The B32 interpreter was highly compatible with Data General Business Basic (DGBB), but it also enhanced and extended that language in many ways. Like DGBB, B32 could access Data General's INFOS II database and it could use DGBB's lock server or its own improved version. B32 was over twice as fast for number crunching, string manipulation, and disk I/O. Many of the internal restrictions of DGBB were removed. B32 allowed 32,767 line numbers (65,535 in later versions), compared with DGBB's 9,999. B32 allowed more memory for programs, more simultaneous locks, and more files to be open at once. Language enhancements included a high-speed internal sort routine, do-while blocks, and the ability to step backwards through an indexed file. Debugging facilities were also significantly improved over DGBB.

B32 allowed programs to run with full cursor positioning and attribute support on non-Data General terminals, even programs which had Data General control sequences hard-coded into them.

B32 carried out all arithmetic at "quad precision", i.e. 64-bit, and emulated the "triple precision" and "double precision" versions of DGBB at runtime. This avoided the subtle incompatibilities between the two versions of DGBB.

On Unix and DOS, B32 emulated all commonly used system calls of Data General's AOS/VS and RDOS operating systems, including implementing its own symbolic links on SCO Xenix and DOS.

In 1991, a features war between B32 and one of its competitors, Transoft's Universal Business Basic, saw major improvements to the B32 language. B32 added a Bluebird Business Basic emulation mode, made line numbers optional, and added subroutine calls by name with parameter passing.

Transoft had greater financial resources than B32, and more effective marketing. It purchased B32 in 1992. The DOS and Unix versions of B32 were discarded as Universal Business Basic ran on those operating systems, but the Eclipse MV version of B32 continued to be sold while the MV line lasted. Some of the B32 Software staff in Blue Ash moved to Transoft's Atlanta, Georgia office. The New Zealand staff went on to found Binary Research.

title: B32 Business Basic


text:
Talk:Lowndean Professor of Astronomy and Geometry

[Untitled]
NB link to Henry Baker] is wrong. I presume H. F. Baker is meant.

Charles Matthews 05:35, 12 May 2004 (UTC)


text:
User:Joshuamcgee

My personal site is joshuamcgee.com, and I maintain many more. You can talk to me if you so desire.

title: User:Joshuamcgee


text:
Nhill

Nhill is a town in the Wimmera, in western Victoria, Australia. Nhill is located on the Western Highway, halfway between Adelaide and Melbourne. At the, Nhill had a population of 1,749. "Nhill" is believed to be a Wergaia word meaning "early morning mist rising over water" or "white mist rising from the water".

Nhill is the administrative headquarters for Shire of Hindmarsh and residents are mainly employed in either farming or food processing, most notably in grain and fowl.

The town is home to a community of Karen people, the first of whom came to Australia as refugees, and who settled in Nhill in the early 2010s to work at the Luv-a-Duck food processing facility. In 2012, there were over 100 Karen residents in Nhill.

History
The formally recognised traditional owners for the area in which Nhill sits are the Wotjobaluk, Jaadwa, Jadawadjali, Wergaia and Jupagik Nations. These Nations are represented by the Barengi Gadjin Land Council Aboriginal Corporation.

The area has been home to the Aboriginal people for thousands of years and was first visited by Europeans in 1845. The famous Aboriginal tracker and cricketer, Dick-a-Dick, later claimed to have been present at the first meeting between the Wotjobaluk and Europeans. Brothers Frank and John Oliver decided to build a flour mill on Crown land beside the Dimboola-Lawloit road, the township of Nhill grew from there.

Cobb and Co coaches serviced Nhill from 1883. Nhill Post Office opened on 1 January 1881. An earlier rural office (1861) was replaced by Lawloit Post Office

Nhill was the first Victorian town after the state capital, Melbourne, to be supplied with electricity. Electric lighting was installed by 1892.

Nhill airport, located 1.9 km north-west of the town, served as a major RAAF training base during the Second World War, instructing over 10,000 aircrew in 1941-1946.

Demographics
As of the 2016 census, 1,749 people resided in Nhill. The median age of persons in Nhill was 48 years. Children aged 0–14 years made up 14.5% of the population. People over the age of 65 years made up 29.7% of the population There were slightly more females than males with 52.1% of the population female and 47.9% male. The average household size is 2.2 persons per household. The average number of children per family for families with children is 1.9.

80.3% of people in Nhill were born in Australia. Of all persons living in Nhill, 1.3% (22 persons) were Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people. This is higher than for the state of Victoria (0.8%) and lower than the national average (2.8%). The most common ancestries in Nhill were English 31.5%, Australian 29.6%, German 10.2%, Scottish 6.7% and Karen 5.4%.

The 2016 Australian census listed the main religions in Nhill as Uniting Church 21.8%, Anglican 14.6% and Catholic 11.1%, Lutheran 10.5%. 20.4% recorded "no religion".

Industry and facilities
The major employer in the town is Luv-a-Duck—a duck meat grower and processor—and associated businesses. Tourism is another local industry; Nhill services the highway traffic passing through. Nhill is recognised by the transport industry as the halfway point by road between Melbourne and Adelaide. Transport companies use Nhill as their 'changeover' point. Nhill railway station is serviced by The Overland that stops three times a week. Air services are at Nhill Airport. Bus services are provided by V/Line and Firefly several times daily.

Nhill has three hotels; the Commercial Hotel, the Farmers Arms Hotel and the Union Hotel. Nhill has a caravan park and a number of motels.

Nhill has a Lutheran Primary school, a Catholic Primary School and a P-12 public school.

Events and attractions
The Nhill Show is held each year on the second Thursday of October. It includes rides, farm animals, rural Australian farm machinery, horse riding show, art competitions, cooking competitions, photo competitions and at the closing of the Show there is a fireworks display. Up until 2012 Nhill hosted a "Duck & Jazz Festival" in mid February.

The release of the film Road to Nhill in 1997 briefly placed Nhill in the national spotlight. An earlier film, 1985's Wrong World, also centres on a road trip to Nhill.

The Nhill Aviation Heritage Centre is located at nearby historical Nhill airport. Included in its displays is a rare Avro Anson aircraft undergoing restoration. In April 2018, it also acquired a rare Wirraway aeroplane, to much public support and fanfare.

The Australian Pinball Museum is located at the eastern side of Nhill adjacent to an old "Route 66"-esque motel. Included in its displays of rare pinball related artwork and memorabilia is the largest selection of pinball machines available to play in Australia.

Sport
Nhill has an Australian Rules football team competing in the Wimmera Football League. Nhill is also the base of the Cricket competition known as the West Wimmera Cricket Association. Nhill & Districts sporting club which includes football, netball, hockey and cricket. Also it has a Tennis club and Pony Club. Nhill has a golf course at the Nhill Golf Club on Netherby Road.

Nhill was the birthplace of Masters Australian football (a.k.a. "Superules").

The horse racing club, the Wimmera Racing Club, holds the Nhill Cup meeting on Boxing Day (26 December).

Notable people
The indigenous cricketer Dick-a-Dick was born near Nhill about 1834.

Nhill is the hometown of former Australian rules football player Jason McCartney, who suffered severe injuries during the 2002 Bali terrorist bombing, and later recovered enough to make a comeback to the sport.

Nhill is the birthplace of Janet Powell, leader of the Australian Democrats between 1990 and 1991; and Senator for Victoria between 1986 and 1993.

Nhill is the birthplace of David Leyonhjelm, former NSW senator of the Liberal Democratic Party.

Former Essendon footballers David Flood and Dean Wallis are from Nhill.

Nhill is the hometown of Lucy Stephan, a rower who has represented Australia, winning a bronze medal in the Women’s Four event at the 2013 Rowing World Championships in Korea and won Gold at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics in the Women's Coxless Four.

Mars
The name Nhill has been used for a crater on the planet Mars. The name was adopted by the International Astronomical Union in 1991, commemorating a "Town in Victoria, Australia".

title: Nhill


text: Talk:Fairview Mountain (Alberta)

title: Talk:Fairview Mountain (Alberta)


text:
Talk:Lata Mangeshkar

WP:NPOV
"She is one of the best-known and most respected playback singers in South Asia, especially India." This statement requires explanation.  Immortal  Wizard  (chat) 19:11, 4 January 2019 (UTC)

 * How is that not a reasonable statement, given what's pointed to by the relevant citation, by her being awarded the Bharat Ratna, being considered one of the greatest Indians (10th greatest, after Gandhi's taken out, by one poll, IIRC), etc. Dhtwiki (talk) 00:22, 5 January 2019 (UTC)

dubious
1962/3 poisoning incident is covered in Aisa Kahan Se Laaoon, a biography by Hindi writer Padma Sachdev. The incident was earlier covered in a documentary series interview of Lata for Channel 4 in 1991 titled Lata Mangeshkar...In Her Own Voice by Nasreen Munni Kabir. The documentary was later published as a book.

 * The article and sources narrate the incident following way:

 * By reading the incident, it seem dubious because her cook vanished and it seem that she did not filed any police complaint in response to a "conspiracy" to murder her with slow-poisoning. The incident seems like it was an incident of food poisoning and her cook left because he was responsible for the food. I doubt that if there was any serious slow-poison murder conspiracy. The news stories seem sensationalism to me. I will not remove the text without opinions of the other editors. The text in the article is copyvio from IndiaTV source so need to be rewritten at least.-Nizil (talk) 14:45, 4 February 2019 (UTC)

 * The interview is available in parts on YouTube - Part 1. Someone need to watch whole interview to assess the incident.-Nizil (talk) 14:53, 4 February 2019 (UTC)

Semi-protection request (17-Nov-19)
I want to request for semi-protection for this article as some IP addresses and users are editing this page to say that Didi has passed away, which seems to be a baseless rumor. The page should be protected till the situation becomes clear. --JavaHurricane (talk) 07:36, 17 November 2019 (UTC)

 * I recently made such a request. Dhtwiki (talk) 21:36, 17 November 2019 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 19:54, 23 July 2020 (UTC)
 * Lata Mangeshkar receiving Bharat Ratna.jpg

Date
Date of Lata didi of deth is wrong it shows 2nd February but actual is 6th February 2405:205:C96F:9863:D97F:805B:4695:BC32 (talk) 04:38, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

 * Seems to be vandalism, has been fixed since.  Java Hurricane  05:22, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

It has been fixed. Keshavv1234 (talk) 07:30, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

Date and time of death
6th Feb.2022 42.105.100.140 (talk) 05:24, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

Lata mangeshkar is from kolhapur, Maharashtra.... she was born in kolhapur not indore — Preceding unsigned comment added by 106.77.36.103 (talk) 07:07, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

Feb. 6th, 2020 08:12 IST ASHISH JINGONIA (talk) 13:57, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

6th February,2022,8:12 Am (morning) at Mumbai. LadeGaurav (talk) 14:05, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

Vital Article and still less photos
Titles in 1960's to 2010's need more photos. It looks awfully bland. Avi :D (talk) 07:22, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

 * Avi :D, do you have any suggestions on what photos should be included that comport to Wikipedia? While I agree the article could use more photographs, I would like to consider what photos you would like to include. Jurisdicta (talk) 05:03, 8 February 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 6 February 2022
Passed away Jan 6 2022 218.186.167.168 (talk) 12:13, 6 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: Feb 6th Cannolis (talk) 12:23, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

Funeral place is Shivaji park
It is correct Ayushrajo (talk) 12:32, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

Yes it is correct. ASHISH JINGONIA (talk) 13:58, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 6 February 2022 (3)
Pls add the death date 122.178.74.9 (talk) 13:49, 6 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Pictogram voting wait.svg Already done Read the article, it's already there Cannolis (talk) 14:02, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 6 February 2022 (2)
I want to change some lines, there is not many appreciation given. RRC1285 (talk) 14:19, 6 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: this is not the right page to request additional user rights. You may reopen this request with the specific changes to be made and someone may add them for you, or if you have an account, you can wait until you are autoconfirmed and edit the page yourself. Cannolis (talk) 14:22, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 6 February 2022 (4)
Add Date of Death: 06/02/2022. Add Cause of Death: Pneumonia persisting due to COVID-19. 122.168.93.189 (talk) 14:31, 6 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 14:37, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

Should be, Must be, Done
Our national treasure LATA MANGESHKAR IS ONE OF THE GREATEST SINGERS IN THE WORLD AND WE WANT WIKIPEDIA TO STOP CONSIDERING HER ONLY IN INDIA BUT HE A MIRACLE FOR WORLD 157.35.1.151 (talk) 15:44, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: The statement doesn't seems to be reasonable. You cannot add your own perceptions at this article instead all information must have valid facts and references to be uploaded. The types of slangs you are mentioning sounds irrelevant. Keshavv1234 (talk) 16:07, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

Question on Cause of death mention
Should the cause of death be mentioned at this article in the infobox table? I have added it many times with valid citation but it doesn't last longer and some users say that death cause isn't required in the infobox. The actual death cause is confirmed to be Covid-19 and Pneumonia causing multiple organ failure. Keshavv1234 (talk) 16:14, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

Awards of late Lata Mangeskar
Legendary Singer late Lata Mangeskar won "Desikottom" (দেশিকোত্তম) Award in the year 1997 which is the highest Award in Viva Bharati University, Shantiniketan founded by Gurudev Rabindranath Tagore. 103.10.116.51 (talk) 19:19, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

Awards of late Lata Mangeskar (Corrected)
Legendary Singer late Lata Mangeskar won "Desikottom" (দেশিকোত্তম) Award in the year 1997 which is the highest Award in Visva Bharati University, Shantiniketan founded by Gurudev Rabindranath Tagore. 103.10.116.51 (talk) 19:19, 6 February 2022 (UTC) 103.10.116.51 (talk) 19:23, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

Tours Overseas
Please if some one can add details of this. In separate tab 27.123.138.178 (talk) 23:31, 6 February 2022 (UTC)

Lata mangeshakar
Please add her family members name 106.201.231.89 (talk) 10:14, 7 February 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 7 February 2022
Please remove the description of "Maharashtrian Brahmin" from the first sentence of the "Early Life" section. Deenanath Mangeshkar's father was a Karhade Brahmin named Ganesh, but his mother wasn't his father's wife (his father was already married to a Brahmin lady, only the wife's descendants are regarded as Brahmins in Goa) - she was a Devadasi mistress named Yesubai. Hence Deenanath didn't inherit his father's Hardikar surname or Brahmin caste, and instead belonged to Gomantak Maratha Samaj like his mother. Like most members of that group, Deenanath took his surname from his village. Read here: https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/asha-bhosle-has-not-done-enough-for-goa-bjp-lawmaker-2-760577.html If the family was Brahmin, there wouldn't be any "caste concerns" about Lata's request to perform rituals in the Mangueshi Temple. 2402:3A80:18CD:7058:FED7:77BA:12EA:36E7 (talk) 19:15, 7 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Semi-protection-unlocked.svg Not done: The page's protection level has changed since this request was placed. You should now be able to edit the page yourself. If you still seem to be unable to, please reopen the request with further details. ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 14:44, 13 February 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 8 February 2022
Lata mangeshkar's last recorded song was "Saugandh mujhe iss mitti ki" released on 30 March 2019. Please correct it where its written that her last recorded song was Gaytri Mantra on Ambanis wedding in Dec 2018. Reference is [135] Arpit Galohda (talk) 11:15, 8 February 2022 (UTC)

Reference in the singing Career. [130] "Lata Mangeshkar sings poem Modi recited after Balakot airstrikes, PM says it's inspirational" Arpit Galohda (talk) 11:28, 8 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Semi-protection-unlocked.svg Not done: The page's protection level has changed since this request was placed. You should now be able to edit the page yourself. If you still seem to be unable to, please reopen the request with further details. ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 16:55, 13 February 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request for Early Life section
Please change "Lata was born in a Maharashtrian Brahmin family" in the first sentence of the Early Life section to "Lata was born in a Gomantak Maratha Samaj family" Source: https://web.archive.org/web/20090105185115/http://www.goa-world.com/goa/books/briefrev.htm

Since Deenanath Mangeshkar's parents were not married to each other, he did not inherit his Karhade Brahmin father's caste and surname but instead inherited his Devadasi mother's caste status. Source: https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/asha-bhosle-has-not-done-enough-for-goa-bjp-lawmaker-2-760577.html Article Quote: "The relation between Goa and the Mangeshkars strained further after the eldest sibling Lata Mangeshkar was not allowed to perform a rite by the temple management, which cited caste concerns." 2402:3A80:C9B:302E:C664:6272:5331:35C1 (talk) 06:13, 10 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Semi-protection-unlocked.svg Not done: The page's protection level has changed since this request was placed. You should now be able to edit the page yourself. If you still seem to be unable to, please reopen the request with further details. ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 16:55, 13 February 2022 (UTC)
 * The edit was made but kept getting reverted. A lot of Lata Mangeshkar's Indian fans are not willing to accept that her family origins were not conventional.

Semi-protected edit request on 10 February 2022
Please add this information in" Awards of Lata Mangeshkar " Legendary singer Lata Mangeshkar was honoured with the Swara Mauli title by Shankarcharya Vidyanarsimha Bharati Swami at her residence Prabhu Kunj in Mumbai on May 13, 2018 Arpit Galohda (talk) 10:20, 10 February 2022 (UTC) 📝see my work 09:06, 12 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. -   elias. 🧣    💬reach out to me

Hi I am not able to copy that source link here which support this information. Its my humble request to you if you search on Google regarding Swara Mauli award to Lata Mangeshkar. You will get the results and source information in support of this. Thank you very much Regards Arpit Galohda (talk) 11:18, 13 February 2022 (UTC)

== Lata mangeshkar's last recorded song was "Saugandh mujhe iss mitti ki" released on 30 March 2019. Please correct it where its written that her last recorded song was Gaytri Mantra on Ambanis wedding in Dec 2018. Reference is Citation no. [130] of Lata Mangeshkar Wikipedia. ==

Please correct it. Information should be correct. Arpit Galohda (talk) 08:17, 11 February 2022 (UTC)

Last Song recorded by Lata Mangeshkar
Her last recorded song was a rendition of the Gāyatrī Mantra at Mukesh Ambani's daughter Isha Ambani's wedding. This is wrong information. Please correct it. On 30 March 2019, Mangeshkar released the song "Saugandh Mujhe Is Mitti Ki", composed by Mayuresh Pai, as a tribute to the Indian army and nation. This was her last recorded song. And not Gaytri mantra as mentioned in the Wikipedia. Please make this factual correction. Arpit Galohda (talk) 15:52, 11 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Semi-protection-unlocked.svg Not done: The page's protection level has changed since this request was placed. You should now be able to edit the page yourself. If you still seem to be unable to, please reopen the request with further details. ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 16:56, 13 February 2022 (UTC)

Main Picture
Hello, It's quite usual to use a picture of the deceased person when he or she was young.

I was wondering if we could use this picture used by "The Economist" in its obituary as her main picture

https://www.economist.com/img/b/1280/720/90/sites/default/files/images/2022/02/articles/main/20220212_obp001.jpg

Regards Varoon2542 (talk) 17:26, 15 February 2022 (UTC)
 * I agree but the picture seems to be in low quality.Avi :D (talk) 12:42, 17 February 2022 (UTC)
 * I have uploaded a better quality version "Lata Mangeshkar (Black and White Picture).jpg" Varoon2542 (talk) 04:46, 20 February 2022 (UTC)

Works! :D Avi :D (talk) 05:06, 20 February 2022 (UTC)

Bazaar
please change ((Bazaar)) to ((Bazaar (1982 film)|Bazaar)) 2601:541:4580:8500:C24:640B:72D4:8BB2 (talk) 00:03, 17 February 2022 (UTC)
 * ✅ Cannolis (talk) 03:21, 17 February 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 18 February 2022
Siblings: Asha Bhosle Usha Mangeshkar Hridaynath Mangeshkar Meena Khadikar Swatitripathi2886 (talk) 12:13, 18 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 12:41, 18 February 2022 (UTC)

Lata di ne ketne song gayi hai
Ok 103.68.31.112 (talk) 11:56, 5 March 2022 (UTC)

 * Between 25 and 50 thousand, according to Lata_Mangeshkar, that number being subject to debate (Lata di ne ketne song gayi hai = "How many songs has Lata di done?"). Dhtwiki (talk) 05:56, 6 March 2022 (UTC)

Lead image
So User:Varoon2542 is of the opinion that we should use old 1940s pic in lead Whereas i am proposing to stick to one of pics in 2000s or 2010s. Problem with 1942's pic is that Mangeshkar was 13 y.o. then and was hardly notable. She rose to prominence in 1960s and peaked in 1980s. Post that in 2000s she has been considered as legend and has received numerous life-time achievement like awards. Lead image should a representation of the person. Mangeshkar is not known as an adolescents teenage singer but a legendary singer of the yesteryears. I think her image of later years should be selected and Commons has many options of it and i don't mind anyone selecting any one of those. §§Dharmadhyaksha§§ {Talk / Edits} 03:45, 27 April 2022 (UTC)

 * I'm used to the mature picture, which must have been there for some time before being replaced, and am surprised by the youthful one, which I consider a new addition, made without discussion or consensus. Dhtwiki (talk) 05:20, 27 April 2022 (UTC)

Hello User:Dharmadhyaksha and Dhtwiki, If I'm not mistaken, it is common usage to use an old picture of a deceased person. That's why I gave the example of Sidney Poitier whose lead picture is a black and white photograph from 1968.

I also fail to understand the logic of using a very recent picture of someone who was a legendary singer of the yesteryears. In that case, shouldn't a picture dating to the time when she was at the prime of her career be more appropriate? For deceased beauty queens, the lead picture is usually one taken at a time when they were crowned not one from their last years when they had already faded into anonymity.

And how recent should the picture be? Should we use the most recent picture at all costs? One taken minutes before her death instead of one taken a week before her death?

The picture I used is the one The Economist used in their obituary because it dates back to the time when she first stepped in the film industry and let's be honest about it, a picture that flatters her.

If one were to follow your logic, all the articles of deceased persons should have lead pictures of them in wheelchairs and in ripe old age. That's not the case for anyone, I fail to understand why it should be the case for Lata Mangeshkar

Lastly, it's a generational debate. You remember her always as an old lady, that's not the case of eight generations of her admirers who remember her as a young singer AND actress.

Michael Jaskson's lead picture dates back to 1988 when he was still somehow black. I expect you to put one from 2009 with his bleached skin

I don't mind being contradicted but I expect you to be coherent. I just want Lata Mangeshkar to be treated the same way as others. Varoon2542 (talk) 11:20, 27 April 2022 (UTC)

 * Firstly, please use WP:INDENT if you want people to really read what you write. Don't compare actors/performing artists (Jackson & Poitier) with singers; where they are notable for their looks. ::No one admires Mangeshkar for being an actress! (That was unexpected to read.) I dont mind a pic of her from 1970s-90s if you find one on COMMONS. §§Dharmadhyaksha§§ {Talk / Edits} 12:26, 27 April 2022 (UTC)

 * Comment. I am a relatively uninvolved editor, but, I led the efforts to get this article to WP:ITN. My two cents is to use a picture from 2000-2022 since there are images available from that period and arguably have the most recall. This other picture from the 1940s / 50s can be used in the body of the article. Good luck. Ktin (talk) 15:15, 27 April 2022 (UTC)

Hello User:Dharmadhyaksha and Ktin,

May I know when it was decided that the lead picture depends on what people are notable for? I don't mind following rules as long as they exist for real and are not created for the sake of winning an argument

Mukesh the singer died in 1976, his lead picture was taken in... 1956. Pablo Picasso died in 1973 at the age of 91, his lead picture is... a youthful photograph of him at age 27 in 1908.

None of the above two were notable for their looks. One was a singer, the other a painter

Irrespective of what Lata Mangeshkar was admired for, the black and white picture from 1942 was used by The Economist because the reputed magazine deemed it wise to use a flattering picture of her irrespective of what she was known for. Anil Kapoor used it on twitter to pay homage to her. If we follow your line of thought, only a picture of her vocal chords might be suitable

The decision on what picture to use as lead for a deceased person is hightly subjective. I fail to understand why you insist on it being one of an aged, diminished woman instead of her in her prime, prepared for a photoshoot just when she was at the cusp of stardom.

The picture I propose is also iconic not just one taken from a journal here and there.

I would also point out that the picture you replaced mine with is not even the former picture that was there before my edit. When Dhtwiki writes "I'm used to the mature picture, which must have been there for some time before being replaced", he didn't even realise that he wasn't used to your picture but just to an aged picture of hers.

I'm not reverting your edit for the time being to let others give in their thoughts but none of this debate seems coherent

Regards Varoon2542 (talk) 17:23, 27 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Not reading (and thus not replying) until you start writing properly. WP:TALK. §§Dharmadhyaksha§§ {Talk / Edits} 04:39, 28 April 2022 (UTC)
 * See MOS:LEADIMAGE, which says, among other things, "It is common for an article's lead or infobox to carry a representative image—such as of a person or place, a book or album cover—to give readers visual confirmation that they've arrived at the right page." There are many color photos of Mangeshkar in her maturity, and that is what I'm used to seeing in the lead. The B&W image strikes me as too young and too unlike what we're used to having here. Note the image on the hearse at her funeral, which certainly has to be an example of what is representative of her. The photo that you propose would be more suitable for placement in the "Early career in the 1940s" subsection, where there is presently no image. Dhtwiki (talk) 04:43, 28 April 2022 (UTC)

Hello Talk, And how did you exactly know that I didn't write "properly"....without reading what I wrote? I take note that you didn't justify your incoherent objections

Hello Dhtwiki, I do understand YOUR logic. That said, the Picasso example still stands. Who remembers him as a young man?

Just because she led a long life, and younger generations remember her as an aged woman doesn't mean that this image of hers should stick for eternity. A more appropriate image could be this one from 1959 at age 30 when she was already a celebrated singer and used by French journal Le Monde in its obituary https://www.lemonde.fr/disparitions/article/2022/02/08/mort-de-la-diva-indienne-lata-mangeshkar_6112815_3382.html

That said, I still prefer the 1942 one where she doesn't look as stern as in the 1959 one Varoon2542 (talk) 16:15, 29 April 2022 (UTC)

 * Dharmadhyaksha may be referring to your not indenting your posts, using ':', which is why I'm placing "outdent" templates to indicate that you're replying to previous indented posts.
 * I don't understand why the editors of the Picasso article chose that particular image as the primary one; but their logic, whatever it was, doesn't have to apply here. The appropriateness of images for each article can be considered separately. The 1942 photo you link to is another black-and-white image portraying a youthful Mangeshkar. People used to a color image of an elderly woman might not immediately recognize your image as portraying the subject of this article, which is what the guideline I quoted above is suggesting should be the main criterion. Dhtwiki (talk) 21:34, 29 April 2022 (UTC)

 * You need to learn a lot of things on Wikipedia first before jumping to conclusions based on 2-3 random examples. For starters you may want to observe and then make smaller edits. Then there are pages on WP which help you in writing articles, as well as how to edit talk pages and discuss with other editors. Just for example: you can start wikilinking when you write paragraphs about Picasso, Poitier and Jackson. Wikipedia is not about pushing your views and making your choice of pictures visible at the top. Try Instagram for that!
 * Now coming to you point-wise:
 * Poitier was an actor, who are known for how they look. Hence it is wise to keep the lead image of the era when he was in his prime. If the editors of that page have kept his image of 1968, that might be because he had finished more than half of his acting career by then and had won significant awards also like Oscar, BAFTA, Golden Globe, etc.
 * Jackson was a pop star and his looks matter; especially given his medical condition. And you are wrong about he being black in 1988. The picture is B&W; but he was fairy white then. Again you can see here that Jackson's pic depicts him in his performance; the act that he is known for and maybe thats a good choice of image.
 * Picasso was a painter and his looks dont matter. But what matters is how in popular culture he has been represented by other notable sources.
 * We dont give a damn about what Anil Kapoor tweets. If he wants us to give a damn about it, he can login and start editing WP.
 * As against to your sample of Economist, there are multiple obituaries that use Mangeshkar's image of older days: The Guardian, [BBC, India Today, Al Jazeera, Indian Express, DNA, The Times (UK), Telegraph (UK), ABC, etc. Despite all these examples, you may wanna surf [[WP:OTHERSTUFF]].
 * And, as said earlier, I don't mind a pic of her from 1970s-90s if you find one on COMMONS. §§Dharmadhyaksha§§ {Talk / Edits} 08:20, 5 May 2022 (UTC)

Superlatives
For more than a year, the lead introduction made mention of her as "She is widely considered to have been one of the greatest and most influential singers in India and one of the world's greatest singers, according to BBC"

This never bothered anyone despite "greatest" being a subjective term. On the 9th July 2023, I trimmed it to "She is widely considered to be the most celebrated singer in independent India and one of the world's most loved artists"

Most celebrated is neutral. It doesn't give any indication on how great she was as a singer, that's a matter of personal taste, but tells us how influential she was in her home country and abroad

This is apparently a matter of dispute for User:Arorapriyansh333

So let me recap,
 * i) She received India's highest civilian award, one of only three singers to have had the honours,
 * ii) The only indian singer to receive a foreign, specifically Western, civilian honour, the French Legion of Honour,
 * iii) Her life and death have been widely reported across the world, with "The Economist" going as far as calling her "The soundtrack of Indepedent India",
 * iv) She had state funerals and a period of national mourning with even arch rivals, Pakistan and Bangladesh, lamenting her demise,
 * v) ALL of the sources point to how she defined singing for all female singers who came after her,
 * vi) There's not a single male singer, living or dead, who can even remotely claim her level of notability (Rafi is not more notable than his contemporary Mukesh or later singers like Narayan),

Calling her "the most celebrated singer of independent India" is an undestatement and a résumé of all the laudative expressions used to describe her career

If this is problematic for a significant number of contributors, then I won't insist but as only one contributor, who BTW has never before contributed to the article, seems to have an issue on the expression used, I'll be sticking to the term for the time being Varoon2542 (talk) 13:51, 15 July 2023 (UTC)

 * For more than a year, the lead introduction made mention of her as "She is widely considered to have been one of the greatest and most influential singers in India and one of the world's greatest singers, according to BBC".
 * Yes, and that was partially my addition. And then you came and changed it to what suit you best. Secondly, you don't understand that calling someone the greatest and one of the greatest are two different things. We all know she is one of the greatest, but the greatest is subjective. So nobody bothered about the line. And those achievements you named are not enough to say, "She is widely considered the most celebrated singer." Even the cited sources do not mention it anywhere clearly. She has also never won a poll for the greatest voice or singer in India. Wikipedia should be verified with reliable sources and cannot be written with one's opinion. And if independents said it, then why don't you add those sources? When you refer to someone as "widely considered to be the most celebrated singer", it must be clearly verified with multiple reliable sources. And FYI, I've contributed more to this article than you have. Please go check the statistics.
 * "ALL of the sources point to how she defined singing for all female singers who came after her."
 * Yes, but that does not make her the supreme singer of India, but rather the most celebrated female singer. That's what the sources point to.
 * At last, If you do not agree, we can move to the previous consensus that everyone agrees with. i.e., "She is widely considered to have been one of the greatest and most influential singers in India and one of the world's greatest singers, according to the BBC". This consensus is hailed by all, and I have no problem with it. Or you can add those sources you named where the argument can be verified. You have to do either one of these. Arorapriyansh333 (talk) 15:07, 15 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Hello User:Shshshsh
 * This might interest you Varoon2542 (talk) 17:57, 23 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Hello User:Shshshsh
 * This might interest you Varoon2542 (talk) 17:57, 23 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lata Mangeshkar


text:
Talk:History of Somerset

Untitled
Move this to history of Somerset. --Robert Merkel 05:43, 12 May 2004 (UTC)

GA Candidacy
Please review WP:WIAGA. In its current version, this article does not meet criterion 1. A lead section needs to be written, and the embedded chronology should be prosefied, per the guidelines. -Fsotrain09 15:27, 3 November 2006 (UTC)

Failed "good article" nomination
This article failed good article nomination. This is how the article, as of November 11, 2006, compares against the six good article criteria:

 * 1. Well written?: The lead should be re-written according to: WP:LEAD. The list should be incorporated into the text according to: Embedded lists. Furthermore, a thorough copyedit is necessary. Also, there are several paragraphs that are one or two sentences long. They should be expanded or merged with other paragraphs. This: "See also Timeline of the Anglo-Saxon invasion and takeover of Britain." and this: "For the etymology of the name "Somerset", see Somerset#Etymology." need to be moved, the second to the very beginning of the article, before the infobox, the other maybe to a separate "See also" section.
 * 2. Factually accurate?: The number of references seems to be adequate.
 * 3. Broad in coverage?: It appears thorough.
 * 4. Neutral point of view?: OK
 * 5. Article stability? OK
 * 6. Images?: OK

When these issues are addressed, the article can be resubmitted for consideration. Thanks for your work so far. --Druworos 15:24, 11 November 2006 (UTC)

Comments
The WP:MOS recommends that the BC-CE and BC-AD styles for stating dates ought not to be mixed in the same article, as they are in the Prehistory section. But that section further claims that man was present in the future Somerset from c. 500000 BCE. Is that right? Over half a million years ago? --Malleus Fatuorum (talk) 19:10, 7 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the comments (& edits). I will look at BC-CE and BC-AD in WP:MOS & try to work that one out later but on the evidence for mans presence in c. 500000 BCE.... It seems difficult to get clarity (let alone agreement) amongst the experts: (NB driect quotes so will need rewording for use in article)

hills.Worked flints from this period have been recovered from Westbury sub Mendip Quarry.These are now in the British Museum."
 * The document actually cited in the article doesn't give a specific date as far as I can see
 * Somerset Historic Environment Record says: "Cook., the only person to have studied the whole collection in detail, has grave doubts, based upon both technological and contextual data", "if this is indeed an archaeological site, it would be one of the (or arguably THE) earliest occurrences of human artefacts in Britain", "the main sequence of deposition was within Oxgen Isotope Stage 13 (524,000 - 478,000 BP) but it has not proved possible to securely date any specific phase at Westbury.", "Overall the consensus appears to be that the flints are evidence of a human presence which, with other more recently discovered sites such as Boxgrove in Sussex, constitute the earliest evidence of human occupation in the country"
 * Natural History Museum says: "Westbury Cave makes a persuasive case for many of the bone-rich Middle Pleistocene deposits belonging to a single but climatically variable interglacial that succeeded the Cromerian, perhaps about 500,000 years ago. Detailed analysis of the origin and modification of the flint artefacts leads to the conclusion that the assemblage was probably a product of geomorphological processes rather than human work, but a single cut-marked bone suggests a human presence. The controversy continues."
 * Mednip AONB - "Half a million years ago humans were using flint tools here when jaguar, rhinoceros and scimitar cat roamed the
 * A Bradsaw Foundation paper on "Anglia Man" suggests "re-examination of animal bones and artefacts unearthed in the 1980s at Westbury-sub-Mendip, in Somerset, have shown evidence of early human activity 100,000 years before Boxgrove Man." and dates the Boxgrove man at 500,000 years ago.

 * I think the conclusion has to be that we are not totally sure but there is an emerging body of evidence, based on the flints from Westbury, that human occupation of the area "around" 500000 BCE is realistic.— Rod talk 22:09, 7 December 2007 (UTC)

Good Article Assessment
Here is the current revision of the page. Below is my assessment.
 * GA review (see here for criteria)

 * 1) It is reasonably well written.
 * a (prose): b (MoS):
 * 1) It is factually accurate and verifiable.
 * a (references): b (citations to reliable sources):  c (OR):
 * 1) It is broad in its coverage.
 * a (major aspects): b (focused):
 * 1) It follows the neutral point of view policy.
 * a (fair representation): b (all significant views):
 * 1) It is stable.
 * 2) It contains images, where possible, to illustrate the topic.
 * a (tagged and captioned): b lack of images (does not in itself exclude GA):
 * 1) Overall:
 * a Pass/Fail:
 * a Pass/Fail:

 * All prose is readable, and doesn't use words that any editor/reader wouldn't understand.
 * The article is focused and addresses a broad range of information without going into unnecessary detail.
 * It is factually accurate and is backed up comprehensively with verifiable and independent, reliable sources.
 * Manual of Style compliant.
 * Images are tagged and used appropriately.

Considering this, I am willing to  pass this article. Well done to all those involved! Best, Rt . 17:05, 19 December 2007 (UTC)

Sorry to have to say it again, but ...
I'm sorry to have to raise similar objections to those I raised at the end of the recent Exmoor GAN, but once again I think that this article has been promoted prematurely, and that there are still some significant issues with it. I'll give one example: "There is evidence from artefacts in a quarry at Westbury that man was present in the future Somerset from c. 500000 BCE". Half a million years ago? That's a pretty bold claim, and one that I don't see supported by the citation given. I'm wondering if this time it wouldn't just be better to take this article to WP:GAR, to get it looked at properly? --Malleus Fatuorum (talk) 17:59, 22 December 2007 (UTC)
 * If you'd like to identify problems I'm sure we will try to address them. In connection with the "Half a million years ago" claim see the discussion above on this talk page entitled "comments" when I responded to that query (including references) setting out the basis for this claim.— Rod talk 18:15, 22 December 2007 (UTC)

 * I'd certainly rather that the problems were addressed here than have to labour through GAR. But on the specific point about "man" being present half a million years ago, I'd like to know what kind of "man" this was, if indeed it was a "man" at all, as we Homo sapiens hadn't yet evolved. --Malleus Fatuorum (talk) 21:26, 22 December 2007 (UTC)
 * If you're going to, please bring to GAR. I, and Malleus usually have slight disagreements, and I wouldn't like that to come in th way of what is in the best interests of the article. Personally, I don't think this is much of a deal to delist, but that's just an opinion. :) Best regards, Rt . 22:41, 22 December 2007 (UTC)

 * This is not a personal disagreement with youy or anyone else. It is a disagreement over the quality of a GA review. Here are a few other of my concerns, for instance:

 * ✅There's a mixing of BC and BCE. One or the other ought to be picked.
 * There's a mixing of, for instance, nineteenth century and 19th century; again. one or the other ought to be picked.
 * ✅"However, the end was not abrupt and elements of "Romanitas" lingered on for perhaps a century." Why is Romanitas in quotes?
 * ✅"... when there were technological changes in metal working indicating the use of lead." Changes don't indicate the use of lead, but they may in some way involve the use of lead.
 * ✅"The age of the henge monument at Stanton Drew stone circles is unknown, but is believed to be Neolithic". Neolithic isn't an age, it's an archeological period.
 * ✅"Cheddar man is about 9,000 years old". OK, but just a short explanation of who or what Cheddar Man is might be useful. --Malleus Fatuorum (talk) 01:19, 23 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks for these. I've expanded the info on the possible 500,000 year old artifact & I've addressed most as indicated above, but I'm not sure about using the text version of numbers for centuries as I thought we were supposed to write it in full for numbers less than 10? I noticed most issues were from prehistory - are there similar problems elsewhere?— Rod talk 09:32, 23 December 2007 (UTC)

Western Wandsdyke date
What is the source for the statement that this has been dated by archaeology? Eastern Wandsdyke has been dated but this is irrelevant. Adresia (talk) 18:57, 30 March 2008 (UTC)

Somerset is a Norman creation?
What is the evidence for this? There are many references to Somersetshire in the Saxon period. It was probably defined in the 8th century. However, I accept that the term "county" was introduced by the Normans. As it is the sentence is misleading. Adresia (talk) 17:18, 30 November 2009 (UTC)
 * That claim appears to be unreferenced. Why not rewrite the sentence (or paragraph) to make it clearer? (and obviously add any sources you have)— Rod talk 17:24, 30 November 2009 (UTC)

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title: Talk:History of Somerset