text:
Transposition (music)

In music, transposition refers to the process or operation of moving a collection of notes (pitches or pitch classes) up or down in pitch by a constant interval. "The shifting of a melody, a harmonic progression or an entire musical piece to another key, while maintaining the same tone structure, i.e. the same succession of whole tones and semitones and remaining melodic intervals." For example, a music transposer might transpose an entire piece of music into another key. Similarly, one might transpose a tone row or an unordered collection of pitches such as a chord so that it begins on another pitch.

The transposition of a set A by n semitones is designated by Tn(A), representing the addition (mod 12) of an integer n to each of the pitch class integers of the set A. Thus the set (A) consisting of 0–1–2 transposed by 5 semitones is 5–6–7 (T5(A)) since 0 + 5 = 5, 1 + 5 = 6, and 2 + 5 = 7.

Scalar transpositions
In scalar transposition, every pitch in a collection is shifted up or down a fixed number of scale steps within some scale. The pitches remain in the same scale before and after the shift. This term covers both chromatic and diatonic transpositions as follows.

Chromatic transposition
Chromatic transposition is scalar transposition within the chromatic scale, implying that every pitch in a collection of notes is shifted by the same number of semitones. For instance, transposing the pitches C4–E4–G4 upward by four semitones, one obtains the pitches E4–G♯4–B4.

Diatonic transposition
Diatonic transposition is scalar transposition within a diatonic scale (the most common kind of scale, indicated by one of a few standard key signatures). For example, transposing the pitches C4–E4–G4 up two steps in the familiar C major scale gives the pitches E4–G4–B4. Transposing the same pitches up by two steps in the F major scale instead gives E4–G4–B♭4.

Pitch and pitch class transpositions
There are two further kinds of transposition, by pitch interval or by pitch interval class, applied to pitches or pitch classes, respectively. Transposition may be applied to pitches or to pitch classes. For example, the pitch A4, or 9, transposed by a major third, or the pitch interval 4:
 * $$9 + 4 = 13$$

while that pitch class, 9, transposed by a major third, or the pitch class interval 4:
 * $$9 + 4 =13 \equiv 1\pmod{12}$$.

Sight transposition
Although transpositions are usually written out, musicians are occasionally asked to transpose music "at sight", that is, to read the music in one key while playing in another. Musicians who play transposing instruments sometimes have to do this (for example when encountering an unusual transposition, such as clarinet in C), as well as singers' accompanists, since singers sometimes request a different key than the one printed in the music to better fit their vocal range (although many, but not all, songs are printed in editions for high, medium, and low voice).

There are three basic techniques for teaching sight transposition: interval, clef, and numbers.

Interval
First one determines the interval between the written key and the target key. Then one imagines the notes up (or down) by the corresponding interval. A performer using this method may calculate each note individually, or group notes together (e.g. "a descending chromatic passage starting on F" might become a "descending chromatic passage starting on A" in the target key).

Clef
Clef transposition is routinely taught (among other places) in Belgium and France. One imagines a different clef and a different key signature than the ones printed. The change of clef is used so that the lines and spaces correspond to different notes than the lines and spaces of the original score. Seven clefs are used for this: treble (2nd line G-clef), bass (4th line F-clef), baritone (3rd line F-clef or 5th line C-clef, although in France and Belgium sight-reading exercises for this clef, as a preparation for clef transposition practice, are always printed with the 3rd line F-clef), and C-clefs on the four lowest lines; these allow any given staff position to correspond to each of the seven note names A through G. The signature is then adjusted for the actual accidental (natural, sharp or flat) one wants on that note. The octave may also have to be adjusted (this sort of practice ignores the conventional octave implication of the clefs), but this is a trivial matter for most musicians.

Numbers
Transposing by numbers means, one determines the scale degree of the written note (e.g. first, fourth, fifth, etc.) in the given key. The performer then plays the corresponding scale degree of the target chord.

Transpositional equivalence
Two musical objects are transpositionally equivalent if one can be transformed into another by transposition. It is similar to enharmonic equivalence, octave equivalence, and inversional equivalence. In many musical contexts, transpositionally equivalent chords are thought to be similar. Transpositional equivalence is a feature of musical set theory. The terms transposition and transposition equivalence allow the concept to be discussed as both an operation and relation, an activity and a state of being. Compare with modulation and related key.

Using integer notation and modulo 12, to transpose a pitch x by n semitones:
 * $$\boldsymbol{T}^p_n (x) = x+n$$

or
 * $$\boldsymbol{T}^p_n (x) \rightarrow x+n$$

For pitch class transposition by a pitch class interval:
 * $$\boldsymbol{T}_n (x) = x+n \pmod{12}$$

Twelve-tone transposition
Milton Babbitt defined the "transformation" of transposition within the twelve-tone technique as follows: By applying the transposition operator (T) to a [twelve-tone] set we will mean that every p of the set P is mapped homomorphically (with regard to order) into a T(p) of the set T(P) according to the following operation:
 * $$\boldsymbol{T}_o(p_{i,j})=p_{i,j}+t_o$$

where to is any integer 0–11 inclusive, where, of course, the to remains fixed for a given transposition. The + sign indicates ordinary transposition. Here To is the transposition corresponding to to (or o, according to Schuijer); pi,j is the pitch of the ith tone in P belong to the pitch class (set number) j.

Allen Forte defines transposition so as to apply to unordered sets of other than twelve pitches:
 * the addition mod 12 of any integer k in S to every integer p of P.

thus giving, "12 transposed forms of P".

Fuzzy transposition
Joseph Straus created the concept of fuzzy transposition, and fuzzy inversion, to express transposition as a voice-leading event, "the 'sending' of each element of a given PC [pitch-class] set to its Tn-correspondent...[enabling] him to relate PC sets of two adjacent chords in terms of a transposition, even when not all of the 'voices' participated fully in the transpositional move.". A transformation within voice-leading space rather than pitch-class space as in pitch class transposition.

title: Transposition (music)


text:
Talk:Alexis de Tocqueville Institution

The difficulty of NPOV in these troubling times
This is quite a fair write-up so far. I suggest people pissed off with ADTI's work should not affect the bias of this article but link to this article. - SalimFadhley

 * I was gritting my teeth so hard I nearly broke a filling. I have taken care to link to all studies I could find linked on their appallingly-designed website or through Google, not just the open source ones. - David Gerard 20:46, May 20, 2004 (UTC)

Really good work in putting together a portfolio, all we need to do is get enough people to link to this page using the words "Alexis de Tocqueville Institution", and this will be the top search result on Google. --Salimfadhley 00:44, 21 May 2004 (UTC)

Positive press articles?
Are there any positive press articles on AdTI of any quality, i.e. that aren't press release reprints? - David Gerard 21:23, May 21, 2004 (UTC)
 * No, I used to work in a related industry and believe me, the idea is to take advantage of the hackish tendencies of most IT journalists. They will tend to do the bare minimum of research, merely paraphrasing an agency press-release. If journalists paused to investigate what they are writing then the whole ADTI business model would collapse. --Salimfadhley 11:46, 23 May 2004 (UTC)

Funding, Quotations
I seem to remember a great quote from Ken Browne along the lines of 'We will take money from anybody', contrasted with his claims not to be anybody's PR shill (the 2nd one is at the bottom of the ZD net article). Do you think this ought to go into a quotations section? --Salimfadhley 11:51, 23 May 2004 (UTC)

 * Possibly in the funding section. Keeping that understated and factual will be a test of one's NPOV abilities ;-) - David Gerard 11:53, May 23, 2004 (UTC)

 * Were you able to find the article about ATDI accepting money from anybody? That (if a genuine quotation) is a clear and unambiguous statement of funding policy? --Salimfadhley 19:29, 23 May 2004 (UTC)

 * Not yet. I might have a look this evening or tomorrow - David Gerard 20:53, May 23, 2004 (UTC)

 * No luck. I did manage to find a pile of other articles on AdTI, as you'll see from the recent additions (which are all worth a read). Hard part is finding articles on them not relating to Linux/Open Source.

 * I also found this: a short bio he wrote for the International Journal of Communications Law and Policy. I'm sure it can be used for something - David Gerard 22:46, May 23, 2004 (UTC)

 * Once again, we owe Groklaw for the amazing quotes DB. Kenneth Brown Quotes --Salimfadhley

 * I've put both quotes in. Not sure about the links, 'cos they'd be redundant with the "news" ext links ... I'm referencing them with the dates - David Gerard 11:21, May 24, 2004 (UTC)

I made the global warming part a bit less POV by using quotes from the cooler heads coalition. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.199.91.72 (talk) 22:34, 22 December 2008 (UTC)

AdTI and tobacco industry
The article needs a section on this - their 1994 report was apparently used by a lot of tobacco companies at the time. See also Disinfopedia:AdTI-Funding for some info on this (though that would require a heavy-duty NPOVing for Wikipedia, and may constitute original research ;-) - David Gerard 13:23, May 27, 2004 (UTC)

 * Acording to this blog article, Philip Morris released bunches of documents as part of their Tobacco Settlement Agreement, among them docs that could be construed as Philip Morris hiring ADTI to do PR. The documents seem to be genuine, as they're hosted on http://www.pmdocs.com/, and it sure does seem like that's what happened, but I have to wonder why no one reported on this, or challenged ADTI's non-profit status, if this is what actually happened. -- Khym Chanur 00:05, 1 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * Indeed. The Disinfopedia article "AdTI-Funding" writes on this, but it's more notes for future investigative journalism than something we could point to as a source for such an assertion (even if it uses the term "damning circumstantial evidence"). The hard part will be writing a sensible paragraph or two on the subject that doesn't constitute original research - David Gerard 14:01, 1 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * Just took the Lambert blog article and turned it into a paragraph. Needs work. - David Gerard 21:53, 1 Jun 2004 (UTC)

We really need more than a para on the AdTI's tobacco work. Who would know anything about it to contribute? Is Tim Lambert a Wikipedian (yet)? - David Gerard 08:18, 8 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Linking to Disinfopedia
Rather than credit them at the end, should we not link to these guys in 1st links section; it is after all a major collection of information about AdTI. I suggest that the link should also include the phrase "Alexis de Tocqueville Institution", that way Google will pick it up it's key relevance. --Salimfadhley 21:49, 28 May 2004 (UTC)

 * I put the link to Disinfopedia in for GFDL author acknowledgement purposes - see thread on WikiEN-L. Much as Wikipedia acknowledges sources like FOLDOC and so on - David Gerard 23:13, May 28, 2004 (UTC)

"pseudo think-tank"
I see this term is widely used, but fear it may verge on inherently POV. The status of think tanks and their backers is a variable spectrum ... What would be a few good examples of non-pseudo think tanks? - David Gerard 15:28, 31 May 2004 (UTC)

 * I've removed it, for now at least - pseudo think tank doesn't exist yet, and it smells a bit POV to me (accusation by statement). Also, I don't think it's necessary - their own works condemn them as much as is needed; a mere statement of the facts gets their character across - David Gerard 08:18, 8 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Ken Brown article
Has been started at Ken Brown. It's verging on gibberish at present. Could do with the above and info from his Disinfopedia article. Hurry, hurry! (I'm busy putting away the shopping and doing housework ...) - David Gerard 20:01, 1 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * I've imported the Disinfopedia article. It's a good one too. A lot of the newspaper articles linked from that article should be in this one too under "AdTI writings," I suspect - David Gerard 08:58, 2 Jun 2004 (UTC)

AdTI Samizdat reply
That "Linux is a leprosy" quote is a doozy. Perhaps a sixth paragraph in the article about Ken Brown continuing the spat publicly. This piece also leads with a quote to confirm the statement in the article intro about the intended audience for AdTI's works.

Could we do with article on the term "hybrid source code"? Microsoft and Sun appear to be pushing the term, and it's apparently shown up in proposed legislation! (Details somewhere or other on Groklaw.) - David Gerard 08:18, 8 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Groklaw articles on AdTI
The assorted Groklaw articles on AdTI/Samizdat should probably be added to the criticism section. Although the crit. section is getting a bit long and may benefit from being cut down to really significant criticism (most quoted articles, articles that have become part of the story like the Tanenbaum ones). I'm reluctant to cut much though - it's all on-topic.

Although Groklaw is unashamedly partisan and stridently POV, right down to the article titles ... Note that some of the below are just reprints of other listed criticisms and may not be worth listing for themselves. Remove URLs from the list below as they're put into the article - David Gerard 08:18, 8 Jun 2004 (UTC)
 * MS-Funded Alexis de Tocqueville Institution Attacks Linus, Probably Making Itself a Laughingstock (Groklaw, 17 May 2004)
 * Tanenbaum Responds: Linus Wrote Linux, ADTI's Ken Brown Doesn't Have a Clue and Should Apologize (Groklaw, 20 May 2004)
 * Andrew S. Tanenbaum's Reply to ADTI (Groklaw, 22 May 2004)
 * straight reprint of first two Tanenbaum criticisms - probably not worth listing
 * A Tweak to the Patch Submission Process and a Word on AdTI (Groklaw, 23 May 2004)
 * Man AdTI Hired to Compare Minix/Linux Found No Copied Code (Groklaw, 27 May 2004)
 * Stallman and Salus Also Contradict Ken Brown's Discredited "Samizdat" (Groklaw, 29 May 2004)
 * No Minix code in Linux Ever -- More Evidence (Groklaw, 19 April 2009) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.191.208.195 (talk) 13:23, 20 April 2009 (UTC)

AdTI education papers
Jeez there's a lot of 'em. Articles, letters, position papers (i.e., unpublished articles), pages of links to more pages ... This stuff should be indexed here because AdTI has removed the index pages that used to link to it, though not the articles themselves. Remove URLs from the list below as they're put into the article.

The education work was clearly a major project and needs a good writeup. - David Gerard 08:18, 8 Jun 2004 (UTC)
 * http://www.adti.net/odessa_eduideas021101.html
 * http://www.adti.net/schoolreformnews_choiceadv012501.html
 * http://www.adti.net/star_cshields112300.html
 * http://www.adti.net/news_jhart101300.html
 * http://www.adti.net/wt_cprawdzik091800.html
 * http://www.adti.net/eddebate_september_2000.html
 * http://www.adti.net/charterschools_dkirkpatrick090100.html
 * http://www.adti.net/michiganchronicle_mbrouillette080900.html
 * http://www.adti.net/antonucci.mission.creep.html
 * http://www.adti.net/Dover.htm
 * http://www.adti.net/zelman_v_simmons-harris.html
 * http://www.adti.net/ed_links.html
 * http://www.adti.net/hope_academy_info.html
 * http://www.adti.net/court_cases.html
 * http://www.adti.net/open_season_dc_schools.html

"well known" or "best known" for Linux attacks?
The AdTI's Linux attacks have made the mainstream: a Wall Street Journal article.

Note that the AdTI has generally operated in stealth mode, not seeking too much fame for itself, and certainly not this sort. With this mainstream attention upon them and specifically for these attacks, I submit that the Linux attacks are what the AdTI is in fact "best known for" - David Gerard 10:31, 14 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * I disagree. I am sure it is best known among Linux fans for its Linux attacks, and probably among Wikipedia users, but I don't know that that is what they are best-known for overall. It's sometimes difficult for netheads (and I include myself) to step outside the Internet echo chamber. A Google search on "Alexis de Tocqueville Institution" turned up mostly Linux stuff, but a search on LexisNexis Academic, surveying print media, got 41 hits in Magazines and Journals, of which only 4 dealt with open source (3 with the Linux attack, one with how open source can make our infrastructure vulnerable to terrorists [?!]), and 114 in Major Papers, with only five dealing with open-source (four Linux, one the open-source terrorist thing). I think that the best that can be said is that it is best-known of late for the Linux attacks, but I'd rather remove the statement altogether.--Max power 17:02, 2 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * I disagree :-) I have subscribed to Google News for "tocqueville institution" and "tocqueville institute". At present, it's all they're known for.

 * On a broader scale, their tobacco work needs a mention. And they churned out so much on education there's gotta be a story there. The hard part will be avoiding journalism (= original research) - David Gerard 18:36, 2 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Comment from Minix
"This is complete garbage." *Minix site —Preceding unsigned comment added by 193.191.208.195 (talk) 13:27, 20 April 2009 (UTC)

Trivia section
Possibly useful content, entirely inelegant presentation. The AdTI quote isn't mirrored in full anywhere (heh!); I've pointed Alexa at it and it should show up on the Wayback Machine. Then we can just link to it in the AdTI writings - David Gerard 21:19, 1 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * True, probably inelegant :) I figured it should go in there. I also got an email from Lee Gomes who told me he thought it was just normal mirroring. Good idea to get it archived though! - Ta bu shi da yu 06:22, 2 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * You mean, of what Linux Today do? If Lee Gomes stated that publicly somewhere, or agreed to said email being released and put up somewhere, that should be referred to as well. "Gomes himself disagreed with this characterisation [1]." Or do you mean of us quoting it? - David Gerard 13:14, 2 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Er, sorry. I meant it was a good idea to get the AdTI site archived. I suppose I could ask Gomes whether I could get an official response. - Ta bu shi da yu 03:40, 3 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Cleanup
I cleaned up the article, in particular with regards to the Linux stuff. There were three or four separate sections that discussed this, which I consolidated as best I could. It might still need more editing to make it all fit together. Paul 16:05, 1 June 2006 (UTC)

2004 staff list
Probably only notable staff should be listed here. At least one staff member links to a dab page on which he has no entry (Dan Evans). 2004 is a while ago.--A Y Arktos\talk 10:02, 27 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Removed list--Golden Wattle talk 21:11, 7 November 2006 (UTC)

Current president?
The article on Kenneth Brown says he is the former president of AdTI. This article has not yet been updated with the new president's name.--Srleffler (talk) 22:26, 27 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Apparently it folded in 2007, so by 2008 it wouldn't have had a new president. Kenneth Brown (author) was probably the last holder of the post.--CRConrad (talk) 08:36, 25 July 2018 (UTC)

Location?
This article says it's based out of Washington. Yet AdTI says it's based out of Arlington, VA. http://www.adti.net/background/contacting.html (71.17.164.178 (talk) 02:32, 18 January 2010 (UTC))

Numerous Issues
The entire tobacco section is unsourced. The text makes reference to documents at Tobaccosecrets.org, which obviously has issues with WP:RS, and the section about "links" to other entities appears to be WP:Synthesis. The only thing salvageable out of the whole thing seems to be that AdT was definitely a member of the Cooler Heads Coalition.

Waiting for comments before I clean it all out. FellGleaming (talk) 02:13, 14 April 2010 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Alexis de Tocqueville Institution


text:
List of mayors of Victoria, British Columbia

This is a list of mayors of Victoria, the capital city of the Canadian province of British Columbia. The mayor leads Victoria City Council, the city's governing body, and is elected to a four-year term. The current mayor is Marianne Alto, who was first elected in 2022


text:
User:Eequor/Eequor

Eequor, the Blue Lady of Dismay, is the goddess of the color blue. She dwells in loneliness in her quiet realm, a cold, timeless world with few colors other than shades of blue. She is a goddess of wisdom and sorrow. Those who find great pain and loneliness in life may find solace in her calm and loving guardianship. Only women among her followers may find true closeness to the goddess, but she recognizes and upholds the equal importance of males and females throughout life.

Eequor has a very strange, lively, and quirky personality. She acts on whims with little regard for the consequences, though she is swift to correct mistakes. Her bizarre sense of humor can be incredibly destructive, but her intentions are usually kind. She is, however, sensitive and loving when the need arises.

Currently Eequor exists in two incarnations: the Older and the Younger. Individuals who are met with loss and loneliness throughout life may transcend to join the company of the goddesses.

Appearance
As a Lady of Chaos, Eequor takes on many forms, as she chooses. However, she most often manifests as a tall, slender woman, most often with pale white or deep blue skin. She possesses an inhuman beauty and her presence is such that she is instantly noticed. At places of worship she is often a towering twenty-foot figure.

Indigo Temple
The Indigo Temple is Eequor's primary center of worship. In contrast to Eequor, her domain, and its name itself, the Indigo Temple is colored mainly in reds, violets, mauves, and yellows. It is tiled in an ever-changing mosaic of small squares.

The entryway to the temple opens into a great hall with a central dais where the goddess rests when unoccupied. Currently the dais seats two: the Older and Younger incarnations.

The remainder of the temple is composed of great hallways and chambers in an endless and confusing maze.

title: User:Eequor/Eequor


text:
Billy Meredith

William Henry Meredith (30 July 1874 – 19 April 1958) was a Welsh professional footballer. He was considered one of the early superstars of football due to his performances, notably for Manchester City and Manchester United. He won each domestic trophy in the English football league and gained 48 caps for Wales, for whom he scored eleven goals and won two British Home Championship titles. His favoured position was outside right, and his key skills were dribbling, passing, crossing and shooting. A dedicated and extremely fit professional, his habit of chewing on a toothpick during games made him instantly recognisable.

In 27 seasons in the Football League from 1892 to 1924 (not including the four seasons lost to the First World War and the 1905–06 season in which he was banned for bribing an opposition player), he scored 194 goals in 740 league and cup appearances. He played for Chirk before joining Northwich Victoria in 1892. His career took off when he signed with Manchester City in 1894 and turned professional in January 1895. He captained the team to the club's first major honour, a 1–0 victory over Bolton Wanderers in the 1904 FA Cup final. He moved to Manchester United in May 1906 after being banned for bribing Aston Villa half-back Alex Leake £10 to lose a match. There, he won the league title in 1907–08 and 1910–11, the FA Cup in 1909, and two FA Charity Shields. He also helped to set up the Players' Union, which was a forerunner of the Professional Footballers' Association. He returned to Manchester City in 1921 at age 47 and played 32 games before retiring in 1924, making him the oldest-ever player for City, United and Wales. He later ran the Stretford Road Hotel and helped to coach the short-lived Manchester Central.

Early life
Meredith was born in 1874 in Chirk, a small mining town in Denbighshire, Wales, just south of Wrexham. He started work at Black Park Colliery as a pit pony driver at the age of 12. His family were Primitive Methodists, and Meredith himself remained a lifelong teetotaller. He spent eight years working in the mines and worked during a tough time for the industry, enduring a 25% pay cut which led to strike action in 1893; this experience helped to shape his political views, which would become significant later in his life. An interest in football was kindled by his elder brothers. Elias, the eldest, was a train driver for the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway. His work allowed him to take Meredith to watch professional teams such as Everton. Football was a keen pastime for the miners, and the standard of amateur teams from towns and villages in north east Wales was high as a result; Chirk won the Welsh Cup five times between 1887 and 1894, with miners making up a large proportion of the team. All the Meredith brothers played football, but Sam, two years older than Billy, was the first to make an impression. He left Chirk to attempt a professional career and went on to play for Stoke City as a full-back.

Meredith made his debut for the Chirk first team in September 1892. The club played in The Combination, a league which contained a mixture of town clubs and reserve teams of clubs from big cities. At the end of his first season, Meredith played in the 1893 Welsh Cup final, which Chirk lost 2–1 to Wrexham. Meredith formed a solid understanding with inside-right William Owen, a former Wales international. Chirk withdrew from The Combination and entered only the Welsh league in 1893 due to low attendances caused by the coal miners' strike. In an attempt to make ends meet, Meredith not only played for Chirk but accepted an offer to play for Football League club Northwich Victoria as well, who gave him a small fee on top of his expenses. Northwich were a struggling side who withdrew from the Football League at the end of the 1893–94 season after finishing bottom of the Second Division. The club won just three league matches; Meredith featured in each win. Back at Chirk, Meredith gained his first honour as part of the team that beat Westminster Rovers to win the 1894 Welsh Cup. Meredith also played for Wrexham in 1894, sharing his talents between them, Chirk and Northwich Victoria that year.

First spell at Manchester City
Meredith's performances for Northwich gained the attention of several other clubs in the Football League. Bolton Wanderers full-back Di Jones, a former Chirk player, spoke with him about a possible move. Still, Bolton secretary J.J. Bentley felt Meredith was too inexperienced and his frame too slight. Lawrence Furniss, an official at Ardwick, had first noticed him while refereeing a Northwich match. Meredith also played in both meetings between the clubs that season. Later, in 1894, Ardwick, known as Manchester City, vigorously pursued Meredith's signature. Two club officials travelled to Wales to meet the player. One was secretary-manager Joshua Parlby, the other either Furniss or chairman John Chapman. The pair were met with suspicion. Anecdotes by contemporary figures suggest locals initially chased them away and were only allowed to speak to Meredith after they bought drinks for his mining colleagues. Meredith did not wish to abandon life in Chirk. His mother was particularly against the idea: "It is all very well for you gentlemen to leave your big cities and come to our villages to steal our boys away ... Our boys are happy and healthy, satisfied with their work and innocent amusements ... if Billy takes my advice he will stick to his work and play football for his own amusement when work is finished." Meredith eventually signed for Manchester City as an amateur. He continued to work at the pit for at least a year, commuting for matches.

Meredith made his Manchester City debut in November 1894 in a 5–4 loss to Newcastle United. The following week he played his first home match for the club at Hyde Road, and scored two goals against Newton Heath – who later became Manchester United – in the first Manchester derby to take place in the league. Newton Heath won the match 5–2. He turned professional in January 1895. He ended the 1894–95 season with 12 goals in 18 appearances, just three strikes behind top-scorer Pat Finnerhan, who had played an extra 12 games.

Meredith finished as top scorer in his first full season at Manchester City. He was appointed club captain in his second season at the club, aged just 21. The club finished as Second Division runners-up in 1895–96, but were denied promotion after heavy defeats to West Bromwich Albion and Small Heath in the test matches. After the departure of strike partner Pat Finnerhan to Liverpool in March 1897, Meredith remained as City's star player.

His new partner for the 1897–98 season was William Smith (known as "Stockport Smith" to differentiate him from another William Smith in the team), whilst Billie Gillespie was placed at centre-forward. Meredith provided Gillespie with many crosses into the box, picking up numerous assists as Gillespie outscored Meredith by 19 goals to 12. Meredith also mentored the slightly younger Gillespie, steering him away from drinking sessions by taking him along on fishing trips. The final match of the season saw Meredith score his first hat-trick for the club in an emphatic 9–0 win against Burton Swifts.

City dominated the Second Division in the 1898–99 season and won promotion as champions. Helping them to keep them in winning ways in the close season was late signing Jimmy Ross, a veteran forward who Meredith considered to be his "favourite hero". Meredith claimed 30 goals in 34 games, including hat-tricks against Grimsby Town, Loughborough, Darwen and Barnsley.

Meredith scored City's first goal in the First Division on the opening day of the 1899–1900 season in a 4–3 defeat to Blackburn Rovers at Ewood Park on 2 September. Seven days later he claimed two goals in a 4–0 home victory over Derby County, and "led the field that day" by dribbling the ball almost the whole length of the pitch before launching a powerful shot that settled into the corner of Jack Fryer's net. The Athletic News reported that "for real brilliance the right-wing [Meredith and Ross] took the biscuit".

First Division defences managed to limit Meredith's contribution in the 1900–01 campaign by singling him out for rough treatment, though Liverpool manager Tom Watson felt compelled to write a letter to Manchester City denying that a Liverpool director had stated that "all that the opposition had to do was watch Meredith – the rest are no good". He finished the season with just seven goals in 35 appearances.

Meredith found the net eight times in 37 games in the 1901–02 campaign, as City were relegated back out of the First Division. The club's secretary, Sam Ormerod, selected 29 different players as the club slumped to defeat in 13 of the opening 20 games. Ormerod was forced to step down as new business figures took control behind the scenes and began to sign promising young Scottish players. New manager Tom Maley was more willing than his predecessor to confront Meredith over his tendency to stray out of position and attempt to dominate the City attack.

City won immediate promotion as Second Division champions in 1902–03, with Meredith scoring 23 goals in 35 appearances and claiming a hat-trick against Chesterfield Town. Maley found him a suitable inside-right partner in Jimmy Bannister, who was unselfish in his play and willing to feed the ball through to Meredith. He also played Sammy Frost at half-back, who was able to win the ball and bring Meredith into the play, and signed outside-left Frank Booth to balance the attack. Maley encouraged teamwork, meaning there was less pressure on Meredith from opposition defenders.

Meredith was partnered with George Livingstone for the 1903–04 campaign, who was able to supply him and the rest of the team with quality passes. Drawn against a strong Sunderland club in the First Round of the FA Cup, Meredith was the "raider-in-chief" as City claimed a 3–2 victory at Hyde Road. City then defeated Woolwich Arsenal and Middlesbrough to reach the semi-finals. There they faced The Wednesday at Goodison Park, and Meredith scored one goal (bundled in by Gillespie) and claimed two assists as City won the game 3–1. Their opponents in the final at Crystal Palace were mid-table Second Division club Bolton Wanderers, and Meredith was cautiously optimistic before the match, stating "We ought to win ... if we play anything like our normal game the cup is ours ... but this is the cup final and, well, anything might happen." With just over 20 minutes played, Livingstone found Meredith with a long ball, who then beat goalkeeper Dai Davies to score the only goal of the game; Bolton supporters long maintained that Meredith had been offside. As captain, Meredith was handed the trophy by Prime Minister Arthur Balfour.

He scored ten goals in 35 games in the 1904–05 season, as City came within two points and two places of champions Newcastle United. The season ended in controversial circumstances at Villa Park. With a 3–2 defeat to Aston Villa ending any hopes of winning the league, Sandy Turnbull and Villa captain Alex Leake exchanged blows. The Football Association launched an investigation into the violence, and the findings shocked the sporting world as Meredith was suspended for the entirety of the 1905–06 season for (unsuccessfully) attempting to bribe Alex Leake. No evidence was taken from Meredith, who denied the charge, and the evidence was not made public. The club, fearful of FA sanctions, refused to pay Meredith during the campaign. He was transfer listed in May 1906 after he claimed that he had only attempted to bribe Leake on the orders of manager Tom Maley and that illegal payments were common practice at Hyde Road. The FA acted on his information, and fined Manchester City £900 for illegal payments and suspended numerous players, boardroom members and staff members.

"You approve of the severe punishment administered by the Commission AGAINST ME and state that the offence I committed at Aston Villa should have wiped me out of football forever. Why ME ALONE? when I was only the spokesman of others equally guilty."

Manchester United
In May 1906 while serving his ban, Meredith moved to Manchester United. He joined on a free transfer and received a £500 signing-on fee from United; Manchester City reluctantly accepted the transfer as they had previously signed an undertaking promising Meredith a benefit match, and he was willing to forego the agreement if the club granted his transfer. He returned from suspension on 1 January 1907 and marked his debut at Bank Street with an assist for Sandy Turnbull to score the only goal of the game against Aston Villa. In addition to Turnbull, Meredith was joined at United by former City teammates Jimmy Bannister and Herbert Burgess. This new forward line made the team into a powerful force, as they already possessed a dominant half-back line in captain Charlie Roberts, Dick Duckworth and Alex Bell. They ended the 1906–07 season in eighth place in the First Division.

Manager Ernest Mangnall signed Jimmy Turnbull, and the forward line of Meredith, Bannister, Jimmy Turnbull and Sandy Turnbull were dominant in the 1907–08 campaign. United won the title with a nine-point margin over second-placed Aston Villa, and secured the 1908 FA Charity Shield (the first ever Charity Shield) with a 4–0 win over Queens Park Rangers at Stamford Bridge.

United slipped to a disappointing 13th-place finish in 1908–09. Meredith was suspended for January in punishment for kicking a Brighton & Hove Albion player in an FA Cup match. The club reached the 1909 FA Cup final, knocking out Brighton, Everton, Blackburn Rovers, Burnley and Newcastle United. Their cup final opponents at Crystal Palace were Bristol City, captained at centre-half by Billy Wedlock – England captain and staunch opponent of the Players' Union. A Sandy Turnbull goal settled the tie, which was described as quite a boring game; Meredith himself dismissed reports of the match, stating "it was a good game for dashing, keen, thrilling football, great goalkeeping and narrow escapes at either end". Meredith and his teammates celebrated the victory with music hall stars such as George Robey.

United finished fifth in 1909–10 and exited the FA Cup in the First Round with a defeat to Burnley at Turf Moor. However, the club continued to advance under the generous chairmanship of John Henry Davies, and Old Trafford was opened in February 1910.

Harold Halse was to partner Meredith at inside-right for the 1910–11 season but proved too much of a "free-spirit" and was replaced by Jack Picken, a "plodder [who] understands what Meredith requires". A defeat at Villa Park in the penultimate game of the season left United needing to beat third-place Sunderland and hope that Aston Villa failed to beat Liverpool. United were a goal down when Meredith provided Enoch West with a cross which West sent into the net for the equalising goal. Four more goals came and they won the game 5–1 and left the field as champions of England for the second time.

Meredith played in the 1911 FA Charity Shield, as United beat Swindon Town 8–4 at Stamford Bridge. However, the 1911–12 campaign ended in a disappointing 13th-place finish, and Mangnall left the club to manage rivals Manchester City. Meredith's Benefit match was played on 7 September 1912 between Manchester United and Manchester City, and the Welsh FA also donated the proceeds of two trial matches to the fund. There were 39,911 spectators and a total of £1,400 was raised.

New manager John Bentley led United to a fourth-place finish in 1912–13. He dropped Meredith to blood a young Jackie Sheldon. By this time, Meredith made headlines primarily due to his squabbling with the club over them stalling payment of his benefit matches and his dissatisfaction at being dropped. The club dropped to 14th spot in 1913–14 and only avoided relegation on the last day of the 1914–15 season after bribing Liverpool to lose 2–0 at Old Trafford; Meredith this time played no part in the resulting bribery scandal. He claimed to be baffled as to why his teammates refused to pass him during the game.

During the First World War, he played a match against United, making a guest appearance for Port Vale, with Vale recording a 5–2 victory at the Old Recreation Ground. Frustrated with the club for delaying payments over his benefit match, he also played as a guest for Manchester City. After the war ended, he demanded a free transfer and was repulsed that the club demanded a transfer fee, stating that the transfer market was a "degrading business" for players. On 26 April 1920, in a league match against Notts County, Meredith became the club's top appearance maker, overtaking George Wall with 320 caps to his name. On 7 May 1921, at 46 years, 281 days, he became United's oldest ever player when he took to the field in a league game against Derby County. His total of 335 appearances was Manchester United's record until 27 August 1928, when Joe Spence made 336th of his 510 appearances for the club.

Return to Manchester City
In 1921 he returned to Manchester City on a free transfer. He played 25 first-team games in the 1921–22 season, helping City to record a derby victory over rivals Manchester United. He featured once in the 1922–23 campaign, playing the club's final game at Hyde Road. He played four FA Cup and two First Division games in the 1923–24 season. Mangnall, now his manager at City, shocked Manchester when he selected Meredith for the cup game with Brighton & Hove Albion at the Goldstone Ground, but was vindicated with a 5–1 victory; Meredith also scored a goal, though this was due to a poor mistake from the Brighton goalkeeper. He played both games against Cardiff City in the next round, a 0–0 draw at Maine Road and 1–0 win at Ninian Park, and claimed an assist in the goal that settled the tie. His last match was against Newcastle United in the semi-finals at the age of 49 years and 245 days, making him City's oldest ever player; the game ended in a 2–1 defeat.

International career
Meredith won his first cap for Wales in a 2–2 draw with Ireland on 16 March 1895 in Belfast. He won 12 caps in the 1890s. Still, he was forced to miss six games as his club would not let him play in games that clashed with league fixtures. Wales could compete with Ireland but were regularly beaten by Scotland and England. On 26 March 1900, Wales played for the first time in South Wales, at Cardiff Arms Park, and Meredith scored a goal to earn the Welsh a celebrated 1–1 draw with England. After serving his suspension, he returned to Wales for the British Home Championship title victory in 1907, the nation's first success in the competition. In those three games, he scored against Ireland in a 3–2 victory and captained Wales to a 1–0 win over Scotland and a 1–1 draw with England. Wales were denied a late penalty against the English, and Meredith was later recorded to have said, "Never mind, little Wales will win some day [against England]. May I be there at the death."

After draws with Ireland and Scotland, Meredith "wept unashamedly" as he helped Wales to beat England 2–1 at Highbury to claim the 1920 British Home Championship. It was only his second victory against the English in 20 attempts, marking the last of his 48 caps. Though his record number of caps was later surpassed, at 45 years and 229 days, he remains the oldest player to win a Wales cap and an international call from any national team ever. He was actually chosen by the selectors for 71 consecutive matches, but only made 48 appearances as his clubs regularly refused to release him for international duty.

Style of play
Meredith was able to avoid injury throughout his career despite the extremely physical nature of the game during the period. This was due in part to his extraordinary balance and agility, which allowed him to avoid clumsy challenges, and the toughness he had built up from spending his adolescence working in the mines. A model professional, he spent his spare time improving his game with extra training sessions and maintained peak physical fitness by avoiding alcohol and tobacco. His "gimmick" was to chew on a toothpick during matches, and this unusual trait was picked up on by cartoonists of the time.

Writing a 1947 critique of Stanley Matthews, Meredith criticised the lack of direct play on show in the 1940s and stated that when he was playing, "I knew what was expected of me – to beat the wing-half and the full-back, take the ball down to the corner flag and centre". His ball control skills were unparalleled, leaving opposition players unable to tackle him. He also was an extremely accurate passer and crosser of the ball. His dribbling and crossing gave him a large advantage over rival wingers, who relied solely on speed to beat opposition full-backs. In addition to wing-play, he was also highly skilled at sending in long-range shots across the face of the goal, and could be relied upon to meet crosses from his left-winger with a powerful volley.

Meredith had to deal with extremely physical defences and was often boxed into the corner of the pitch by as many as four players. As his talents became widely regarded, more well-organised defences would designate him with a man-marker, to try and isolate him from his teammates. This often left him reliant on an unselfish inside-right partner willing to fetch and carry the ball for him without expecting much goals or glory in return. A hard-working wing-half would also improve Meredith's effectiveness by winning the ball and sending him a pass down the flank. The best teams he played in also had a centre-forward able to make the most of his accurate crosses.

Players' Union
Meredith organised the first meeting of the Players' Union (PU) in December 1907. Meredith had previously been involved with the Association Footballers' Union (the "AFU"), the first attempt by football players in England to organise a trade union. Like the AFU before it, the Players' Union sought the relaxation of restrictions on transfers and wages. Others made the argument that a free market wage structure would ruin the amateur principles the sport was founded on, but Meredith felt that these words rang hollow considering that club directors and shareholders made vast profits. At the first annual meeting in December 1908, the PU stated their aims as to allow unlimited wages, the right to transfer from club to club, and for players to take a percentage of any transfer fee.

With the union threatening strike action, particularly at international matches, in April 1909, the Football Association insisted that all players agree to leave the union and pledge loyalty to the FA. Manchester United refused to issue the revised contracts to its players, and the FA suspended the entire squad. The club then refused to pay the players in lieu of their suspension, and so the players instead took away ornaments from the club's office before Mangnall persuaded them to return the items. The players continued to train, and captain Charlie Roberts came up with the name of Outcasts F.C. The FA organised a meeting of 200 players, excluding the Outcasts, but a rambling speech from chairman Charles Clegg failed to win them over, and an agreement was reached where the PU would be recognised by the FA.

In October 1909, the Union balloted its members over the organisation's membership of the General Federation of Trade Unions (GTFU). The result of the vote, a decisive "no" to GFTU support, effectively supported the FA's position that professional footballers were fundamentally different from workmen in other industries. Meredith resumed league football in November 1909, bemoaning his view that "many players refuse to take things seriously and continue to live a kind of schoolboy life".

Personal life and legacy
He married Ellen Negus in 1901, and the couple had two daughters. He was a supporter of the Liberal Party. He ran businesses throughout his career, with little success, and was declared bankrupt in July 1909 after his clubting shop was damaged by fire. During the 1910s he ran a public house (despite being a teetotaller). He later pursued an interest in the film industry by buying shares in numerous Stretford cinemas in the 1930s. He also starred in the 1926 picture The Ball of Fortune, playing himself as a football trainer; the film received generally positive reviews. In 1928, together with former colleague Charlie Roberts, he became a coach for the ambitious but short-lived Manchester Central. Meredith's son-in-law, former City captain Charlie Pringle, was a player. He retained a passion for football and spent much of his retirement discussing the game with former colleagues and regulars at his hotel, the Stretford Road Hotel, which he ran from 1930 to 1945. He rarely missed the chance to attend a Wales game in the 1920s and 1930s.

Meredith died in Withington, Manchester in April 1958 at the age of 83, and was buried in Southern Cemetery, Manchester. After he spent many years in an unmarked grave, the Professional Footballers' Association, the Welsh FA, Manchester City and Manchester United all agreed to cover the cost of upkeep on a new headstone. Meredith is honoured in the hall of fame at the City of Manchester Stadium. It was announced in August 2007 that Meredith was one of the ten new inductees for 2007 to the English Football Hall of Fame.

Club
Chirk
 * Welsh Cup: 1894

Manchester City
 * Second Division: 1898–99
 * FA Cup: 1903–04

Manchester United
 * First Division: 1907–08, 1910–11
 * FA Cup: 1908–09
 * FA Charity Shield: 1908, 1911

National team
Wales
 * British Home Championship: 1907, 1920

Individual

 * Football League 100 Legends: 1998 (inducted)
 * English Football Hall of Fame: 2007 (inducted)

title: Billy Meredith


text:
Dee

Dee or DEE may refer to:

Surname

 * Dee, an alternate spelling of the Welsh surname Day
 * Dee, a romanization of several Chinese surnames, including:
 * Those listed at Di (surname)
 * Some Hokkien pronunciations of the surname Li (李)
 * Di Renjie (630–700), Duke Wenhui of Liang, a Tang dynasty official
 * AJ Dee (born 1983), Filipino actor, swimmer and brother of actor Enchong Dee
 * Arthur Dee (1579–1651), English physician and alchemist
 * Billy Dee, African American adult film actor
 * Bob Dee (1933–1979), American football defensive end
 * Daisy Dee (born 1970), Dutch singer, actress and TV host
 * Dave Dee (1943–2009), English singer-songwriter, musician, A&R manager, fundraiser and businessman
 * Ed Dee (born 1940), American author
 * Enchong Dee (born 1998), Filipino actor
 * Frances Dee (1909–2004), American actress
 * Gerry Dee (born 1968), Canadian comedian
 * Jack Dee (born 1961), British comedian
 * Jeff Dee (born 1961), American artist and game designer
 * Joey Dee (born 1940), American singer, of Joey Dee and the Starliters
 * John Dee (disambiguation)
 * John Dee (1527–1608 or 1609), English mathematician and alchemist
 * Kiki Dee (born 1947), English singer
 * Leo Dee (1931–2004), American artist
 * Marvin R. Dee (1917–1977), American lawyer, businessman, and politician
 * Merri Dee (1936–2022), American journalist and philanthropist
 * Michelle Dee (born 1995), Filipino actress and beauty pageant titleholder
 * Mike Dee, American sports executive
 * Mike Dee (baseball coach) (born 1958), American college baseball coach
 * Mikkey Dee (born 1963), Swedish drummer with the band Motörhead
 * Roger Dee (1914–2004), American author
 * Ruby Dee (1922–2014), African-American actress and activist
 * Sandra Dee (1942–2005), American actress
 * Simon Dee (1935–2009), British television interviewer and radio disc jockey

Given name

 * Dee Benson, American judge
 * Dee Bradley Baker (born 1962), American voice actor
 * Dee Brock (born 1930), American educator
 * Dee Brown (politician) (born 1948), American politician
 * Dee Delaney (born 1995), American football player
 * Dee Hepburn (born 1961), Scottish actress
 * Dee Palmer (born 1937), English musician
 * Dee Roscioli (born 1977), American actress
 * Dee Scarr, scuba diver and environmentalist in Bonaire

Stage name or nickname

 * Dee (nickname), a list of people nicknamed "Dee"
 * Dee (singer), Canadian singer, songwriter, disc jockey, producer and multi-instrumentalist Martin Granger
 * Dee (artist), Swedish singer and dancer Dilnarin Demirbag (born 1973)
 * Dee Harvey, American R&B singer Demetrius Harvey (1965–2012)
 * Dee C. Lee, British singer Diane Catherine Sealy (born 1961)
 * Kool Moe Dee, American hip hop MC Mohandas Dewese (born 1962)
 * Papa Dee, Swedish rap, ragga and dancehall musician David Wahlgren (born 1966)

Fictional characters

 * Judge Dee, a semi-fictional character based on Di Renjie, Duke Wenhui of Liang
 * Anastasia Dualla or Dee, from the television series Battlestar Galactica
 * Deandra Reynolds, "Sweet Dee" of the television series It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia
 * Dee, a secret character in the Darkstalkers fighting game series
 * Gandra Dee, a Duck Tales character
 * Waddle Dee, a Kirby character
 * Dee Thomas, from the sitcom What's Happening!!

Places

 * Dee, Pennsylvania, United States, an unincorporated community
 * Dee Island, Antarctica
 * De'e, a town in Longlin Various Nationalities Autonomous County, Guangxi, China
 * De'e, a town in Longlin Various Nationalities Autonomous County, Guangxi, China

As an acronym or code

 * Department of the Environment and Energy, Australia
 * Dundee railway station, station code
 * Yuzhno-Kurilsk Mendeleyevo Airport, IATA code
 * Dead-end elimination

Other uses

 * HMS Dee, various Royal Navy ships
 * Dee (gender identity), a gender identity in Thailand
 * Dee Events Center, a multi-purpose indoor arena on the campus of Weber State University, Ogen, Utah, United States
 * Dee, a song in the album Blizzard of Ozz
 * A D-shaped electrode in a cyclotron
 * A D-shaped ring, a D-ring or dee-ring
 * The letter "D" in English alphabet
 * Dee, the concept car BMW i Vision Dee
 * Dee, one of the mascots of PBS Kids since 2013

title: Dee


text:
Talk:Geritol

Correction
The actual title of the "Amateur Hour" show was "Ted Mack and the Original Amateur Hour".

Reference 5 broken link could be: http://bulk.resource.org/courts.gov/c/F2/381/381.F2d.884.16969_1.html 71.110.202.44 (talk) 23:54, 19 August 2012 (UTC)

Was the "i" given special prominence?
I don't understand this quote "The name is derived from the root "geri-", meaning old (as in "geriatrics") with the "i" for iron." .. What "i"? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.72.21.221 (talk) 04:42, 11 November 2007 (UTC)

"I" agree with the thrust of your question. I looked at older versions of the label and the letter "i" was given no more prominence than the rest of the letters in the word. To be sure, the product was all about iron, but that "i" wasn't what conveyed the message. The "i" isn't for "iron" but is simply part of "geriatric." Putting a finer point on it, "geri-" isn't really a root of "Geritol" but comes from "geriatric." (That word was formed by similarity to the word "pediatric" according to http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=geriatric; the i in the middle is from the second part, iatros, "heal or treat" so let's drop the word "root" too. brucemcdon – 01:35, 11 January 2010 (UTC)

reqphoto tag
i included a photo of the tonic. should this tag be removed? badmachine (talk) 19:09, 21 November 2008 (UTC)

Why is this still sold?
Aren't iron supplements associated with Alzheimer's? 98.82.90.157 (talk) 12:40, 26 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Iron in the brain may possibly be associated with Alzheimer's, however the last study I read was not conclusive on that as there are other factors thought to be the main cause of the Alzheimer's. Furthermore, even if the iron in the brain relates to Alzheimers, there are ways to get it other than iron supplements (such as genetic predisposition to high iron, or having a hysterectomy before menopause). Also, some people, such as myself, actually do have iron deficiency anemia and that condition makes you really tired and prone to developing other conditions associated with a depressed immune system; an iron pill helps immensely.TheBlinkster (talk) 13:48, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

Dead Reference Links
Apparently the original website, for refrence(2), Glaxso-Smith-Kline, no longer works. As of 2010-01, archive.org loss the ability to archive the page, so revising and updating the reference to update retrieval as of today, but pointing the link to the archived web page. Original web page reference pointed to [ http://www.geritol.com/information.aspx ]. Richard416282 (talk) 15:48, 6 February 2013 (UTC)

GSK no longer owns Geritol
Meda Pharmaceutical purchased several GSK products, late 2010 and early 2011. Some of which have long been forgotten by their intended market which is "mature" consumers, including Geritol. Someone asked "Why?". The reason, I suspect, is the estimated 75 million baby-boomers - all "at that age". It took a Swedish company to realize the potential. Also, iron deficiency has been linked to fatigue since the $812,000.00 fine levied against the J. B. Williams Co. and an advertising subsidiary, thereof. Sleep doesn't help fatigue caused by iron deficiency anemia (IDA), thought to be the most common nutritional deficiency in the world. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.151.63.28 (talk) 00:14, 8 February 2013 (UTC)
 * I can vouch for the fatigue. I was so tired and generally ill before my IDA was diagnosed, I thought I might have cancer. A regular iron pill and I am normal again. TheBlinkster (talk) 13:50, 1 June 2016 (UTC)

History and additional links
I filter away modern advertisement all the time (via ublock origin and other techniques on linux), but I am, oddly enough, interested in old advertisement.

The article currently states: "The earlier Geritol liquid formulation was advertised as "twice the iron in a pound of calf's liver,"

This is quite true! This video also mentions it specifically, from 1964 (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XkrPLWmmSHE - what's my line from Feb 9, 1964). I mention it because this could be used as an additional link; but I will not modify anything, due to potential bias (I literally visited wikipedia after hearing about that advertisement, and it seemed so ... dated. :D ) 2A02:8388:1641:8380:F57D:59AE:A2AE:B491 (talk) 02:30, 5 October 2020 (UTC)

In popular culture
Another film that Geritol was featured in was Quiz Show (film). Aminabzz (talk) 23:07, 17 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Geritol