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Jaleel White

Jaleel Ahmad White (born November 27, 1976) is an American actor. He is best known for his role as Steve Urkel on the sitcom Family Matters. The character was originally intended to be a one-time guest appearance on the show; however, he was an instant hit with audiences and White became a regular cast member. The series aired for a total of nine seasons, from 1989 to 1998. White then reprised his role as Urkel for the first time in 21 years in the 2019 series Scooby-Doo and Guess Who?.

White is also the first american actor to voice the popular Sega video game character Sonic the Hedgehog in animated media, doing so in Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog, Sonic the Hedgehog (also known as Sonic SatAM) and Sonic Underground (in which he also voiced Sonic’s siblings Sonia and Manic), all of which were produced by the now-defunct DIC Entertainment studio. He then reprised his role as Sonic in the 2013 Sonic fan film.

After Family Matters ended, White went on to star in the short-lived UPN comedy series Grown Ups (1999–2000). White then took a brief hiatus from acting to attend UCLA in Los Angeles, California, where he graduated in 2001, earning a degree in film and television. He returned to acting with supporting roles in Dreamgirls (2006), and cameo appearances on another ABC series, Boston Legal, Fox's House, ABC's Castle, and USA's Psych. In 2010, he portrayed Dr. McCormick in the sci-fi film Mega Shark Versus Crocosaurus. In March 2012, White was a contestant in season 14 of Dancing with the Stars before he was voted off in May of that year, leaving him with a 7th-place finish overall. In April 2012, White hosted the Syfy game show Total Blackout. In January 2017, White appeared in Bones as Officer Adams. In 2020, White had a recurring role in the one season-long Netflix series The Big Show Show.

Early life
White was born in Culver City, California, the only child of Michael White, a dentist, and Gail White, who was a homemaker. His mother later became his manager. White attended John Marshall Fundamental High School in Pasadena, California, and South Pasadena High School before graduating from UCLA in 2001. On the advice of his preschool teacher, White began acting as a child. He got his start on TV commercials at age three. One of White's notable commercial appearances was for Jell-O pudding pops alongside Bill Cosby.

Career
After starting his career at the age of three, White's first television role was a guest stint on The Jeffersons, in 1984. He later auditioned for the role of Rudy Huxtable on The Cosby Show. According to White, he was cast in the role (the character was originally intended to be male) but was replaced by Keshia Knight Pulliam when Bill Cosby decided to mirror his television family after his real life family. The following year, he was cast as the son of Flip Wilson and Gladys Knight on the CBS sitcom Charlie and Company. The series was intended to be CBS' answer to the highly rated Cosby Show which debuted on NBC in 1984. Unlike The Cosby Show, Charlie and Company did not catch on with audiences and was canceled in May 1986. In 1987, he appeared in the pilot episode for Good Morning, Miss Bliss, and had a guest role on Mr. Belvedere. In 1988, White had a supporting role in Cadets, a sitcom starring Soleil Moon Frye. The pilot episode aired during a preview special on September 25, 1988, on ABC. The series, however, was not picked up by the network. Also during the 1980s, he appeared in a few segments of NBC's One to Grow On.

White had a role in the NBC television film Camp Cucamonga. The film features an ensemble cast including Sherman Hemsley, Jennifer Aniston, and Brian Robbins. Several other child actors of the era including Chad Allen, Candace Cameron, Danica McKellar, Josh Saviano, and Breckin Meyer also appear.

Family Matters
At the age of 12, White originated his most famous role, Steve Urkel, on Family Matters. The role was initially conceived as a one-time guest appearance, but the character proved to be popular and White was given a full-time starring role. He also played several other members of the Urkel family, including his alter ego Stefan Urquelle and Myrtle Urkel. During the height of Family Matters' popularity, the character of Urkel was marketed with breakfast cereal (Urkel-Os) and an Urkel doll. In addition to starring in the series, White also wrote several episodes, including one, at age 19, that was the series' highest rated for that year. The series was a staple of ABC's TGIF lineup and became one of the longest-running sitcoms with a predominantly black cast in television history.

In 1992, he was featured in The Jaleel White Special, in which he played a fictionalized version of himself making a film, while also playing Steve Urkel.

By the time the series ended in 1998, White, who was then 21 years old, was disillusioned with the role, and had been shaken by the death of his close friend and co-star Michelle Thomas from an aggressive form of stomach cancer. Shortly after the series' cancellation, he stated in a 1999 interview, "If you ever see me do that character again, take me out and put a bullet in my head and put me out of my misery." Due to the character's popularity, White was so tightly defined by his Urkel character that he encountered difficulty finding other roles.

In later years, White came to terms with the character. In a 2011 interview with Vanity Fair, he addressed the 1999 "bullet" quote stating, "It's one of those things that it's very unfortunate how quotes are taken out of context. I remember that interview very vividly. I loved playing those characters ... But the fact is that I was maturing. ... To be honest, I was retarding my own growth as a man to maintain the authenticity to what I thought that character should be." When asked if he would ever reprise the Steve Urkel role, White said, "I'll always say never say never; I'm a pretty creative person. I can't envision how I could do it in a way that would be irreverent and fun for both me and the viewing audience".

Other career highlights
White was the original English-language voice of the popular video game character Sonic the Hedgehog, having been cast in 1993 (pre-dating Martin Burke and Ryan Drummond). He voiced the character in all of the DiC-produced animated series: Adventures of Sonic the Hedgehog, Sonic SatAM, and Sonic Underground, as well as the Christmas special, Sonic Christmas Blast. In Underground, White also voiced Sonic's brother and sister, Manic and Sonia.

In 1999, White returned to television in the UPN sitcom Grown Ups. The series was based around White as a young man striking out into adulthood. He also co-produced and wrote some episodes for the show, in which he starred as "J", a college graduate struggling to establish his role in life as an adult. The pilot episode featured another former child actor, Soleil Moon Frye, known for her role as Punky Brewster, as the girl whom he chose as a roommate. The show received poor reviews from critics but debuted in second place in the ratings upon its premiere. However, ratings soon dropped and UPN canceled the series after one season.

White's acting roles have not been restricted to sitcoms. He has provided his voice to several animated projects including Warner Bros.' 1998 film Quest for Camelot. In 1999, he provided the voice for a teenaged Martin Luther King Jr., in Our Friend, Martin.

In 2001, White graduated from UCLA with a degree in film and television. He has continued acting and has had small parts in the films Big Fat Liar (in a cameo role) and Dreamgirls, and was featured as the lead role in the direct-to-DVD comedy Who Made the Potatoe Salad? in 2006. In 2007, he guest-starred on the CW series The Game, followed by a role as a law school graduate interviewing for a job at Crane, Poole and Schmidt in the ABC legal drama Boston Legal.

In June 2009, White began appearing in the web series Road to the Altar. In the series, White stars as Simon, a 30-something black man marrying a young Jewish girl named Rochelle. In September 2009, White guest starred on the USA Network series Psych, as an estranged college singing buddy of the character Gus.

In June 2010, White starred in the web series Fake It Till You Make It. He also serves as writer and producer of the series. The series, which premiered on Hulu, follows the exploits of former child star Reggie Cullen (White) turned image consultant and his three protégés as they hustle to navigate Hollywood. In March 2011, White guest starred on the TBS sitcom Are We There Yet?, which reunited him with fellow Family Matters cast member Telma Hopkins. Later that same year, White appeared as the star in Cee-Lo Green's music video for his song "Cry Baby".

In October 2011, White appeared in the season 8 premiere of House, titled "Twenty Vicodin", where he appears as a well-connected inmate, occasionally helping Hugh Laurie's character Gregory House to sneak contraband into the prison. In April 2012, White began hosting the Syfy game show Total Blackout.

In March 2012, White began competing on the 14th season of Dancing with the Stars. He was partnered with two-time dance champion Kym Johnson. In the opening night's performance, White and Johnson danced the Foxtrot to "The Way You Look Tonight". They earned a total of 26 points out of 30. White was voted off the series in May 2012.

In 2015, White appeared in a Scion commercial.

In 2017, it was announced that CBS picked up his single camera comedy series Me, Myself & I with Bobby Moynihan, that premiered in September 2017. After six episodes, it was pulled from the fall schedule, leaving seven episodes unaired, with the network airing the remaining episodes in the summer.

Personal life
White dated actress Christine Lakin from fellow TGIF show Step by Step in the early 90s.

White is a Christian.

White has one daughter, with ex-girlfriend Bridget Hardy.

In 2021, White announced the launch of his line of halal cannabis products featuring the Purple Urkle strain, set for debut on April 20 at California dispensaries.

White has a memorial set up in his home for his Family Matters co-star Michelle Thomas, who died in 1998 of stomach cancer, shortly after the series had wrapped. He has described Thomas as a 'big sister' who was, for a period of time in the early seasons of the show, his closest friend on set, and has stated that his childhood seemed to officially end with her death.

On May 4, 2024, White married Nicoletta Ruhl, a sports technology business executive, in a ceremony in Los Angeles.

title: Jaleel White


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Talk:Sclera

Article Improvement Drive
Contact lens is currently nominated to be improved on Article Improvement Drive. Please support the article with your vote. --Fenice 10:51, 16 January 2006 (UTC)

Stub? Really
This article is more complete than many that do not claim to be stubs. I think stubbitude has expired.Dodger (talk) 22:17, 14 December 2008 (UTC)

Animals using their eyes...
The claim made on this page about dogs being one of only two species looking to others' eyes is absurd! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 124.183.250.163 (talk) 12:41, 20 August 2012 (UTC)

Humans with naturally dark sclera
I think it's worth mentioning in the article that many individuals with dark skin exhibit naturally dark sclera (usually of a yellowish or brown tint, but sometimes orange), and this is a natural, benign condition. There are relatively few references on it, and this is on of the only I have ever come across: http://www.knowswhy.com/why-do-africans-have-yellow-eyes/

I've also read this is due to an excess of melanin in the eye, which is why you primarily see it in individuals with very dark skin, which seems more likely than the claim it's due to subconjunctival fat. Sadly, the most common reference I've found (mainly in old texts) is that this some "primitive" trait comparing it to the dark sclera of gorillas (which are usually jet black), even though one can observe it in very dark skinned humans across the world, even in non-africans. It would be helpful if someone could incorporate more extensive, verifiable references on this, if they do exist. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.110.235.68 (talk) 01:26, 10 September 2014 (UTC)

Yes, normalizing white anatomy in this way is an obvious case of systemic racial bias in Wikipedia. I have added some more language, but citations and review by someone with expertise would be helpful. Vectro (talk) 14:17, 27 May 2018 (UTC)

Gorillas' scleras are not usually totally black: "They looked at a sample of 85 gorillas from two species. Out of the 60 western lowland gorillas they considered, only 30% had completely dark scleras. The remaining 70% had some degree of white in their eyes. Of these, a small sample of 7% had all white, human-like sclera, just like Nadia and Bana, below." http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20150808-gorillas-with-human-eyes https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274642518_Gorillas_with_white_sclera_A_naturally_occurring_variation_in_a_morphological_trait_linked_to_social_cognitive_functions Extremophile (talk) 02:03, 4 December 2020 (UTC)

translation into Chinese Wikipedia
The version 11:19, 20 September 2020 ClueBot NG of this article is translated into Chinese Wikipedia to expand an existing article.--Wing (talk) 06:38, 21 September 2020 (UTC)

Exaptionist or alternative explanations on why the human sclera is more exposed
Compared to apes, the human ocular cavity has a wider aperture, thought to allow for an ample field of vision, quickly scanning a wider terrestrial environment with more efficiency than rotating the whole head. The article does not even mention the sclera, but it's sort of inevitably implied, as we would not be able to look through it: https://www.nature.com/articles/srep11528 Extremophile (talk) 01:57, 4 December 2020 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Sclera


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User talk:Maradine

Hello Maradine, welcome to Wikipedia. You might like to start by reading the tutorial and introducing yourself at the new users page. For ideas of what to put on your user page, see User page.

If you have any questions, you can ask at the help desk or on my talk page. Two useful tips are that you can sign your name using four tildes ( ~ ) and you can preview your changes before you save using the show preview button. You can regularly find new tips on the Community Portal. I look forward to reading your great articles and I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian. :) Angela. 00:15, May 27, 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Maradine


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Talk:Young British Artists

Britart
I hear "Britart" used much more than "YBA". I think the pages should be reversed; and this one should re-direct to Britart. Andy Mabbett 00:16, 27 May 2004 (UTC)

I have added a quote from Rolf Harris, who criticised Tracey Emin's My Bed, but I don't know how to cite it properly. I will learn one day. If, in the meantime, anyone wants to change it for me, the quote is from an interview by unmissabletv.com, which was in turn quoted in various British newspapers including The Independent, August 16, 2001. Le poulet noir 11:26, 21 June 2006 (UTC)

I'm removing the reference to 'Britart (ie conceptual art)' as this implies they are totally equivalent, which they are definitely not. Though Britart or YBA art was strongly conceptually informed, conceptual art has a much longer international history besides its appearance as a facet of some British art practices. anonymous user 17:59, 16 July 2008 (GMT) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.147.31.140 (talk)

Image copyright problem with Image:Marcus-Harvey-Myra.jpg
The image Image:Marcus-Harvey-Myra.jpg is used in this article under a claim of fair use, but it does not have an adequate explanation for why it meets the requirements for such images when used here. In particular, for each page the image is used on, it must have an explanation linking to that page which explains why it needs to be used on that page. Please check

 * That there is a non-free use rationale on the image's description page for the use in this article.
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The following images also have this problem:

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This is an automated notice by FairuseBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. --00:48, 20 September 2008 (UTC)

Henry Bond - need quotation
The inclusion of Henry Bond in Young British Artists has these references:
 * ^ Henry Bond (ed.) East Country Yard Show (London: ECYS, 1990); Liam Gillick and Renton, Andrew (eds), Technique Anglaise: Current Trends in British Art (London: Thames and Hudson, 1991), p. 18-26; Julian Stallabrass, High Art Lite (London: Verso, 1999), p. 134-6; Andrew Graham-Dixon, " The Midas Touch?: Graduates of Goldsmiths' School of Art dominate the current British art scene," The Independent, 31 July 1990, p. 13; Eric Troncy, "London Calling," Flash Art, Summer 1992, p. 86-87; Liz Brooks, "Spacier and spacier," Artscribe, no. 83, September/October 1990, p. 16; Tony White, "East country yard show," Artist’s Newsletter, October 1990, p. 37-38; Renton, Andrew, "Birth of the Cool," Blitz Magazine, June 1990, p. 54-56; Andrew Renton, "Disfiguring: Certain New Photographers and Uncertain Images," Creative Camera, no 306, October/November 1990, p. 16-45; Jeffrey Kastner, "Brilliant?" Art Monthly, no. 192, December 1995/January 1996, p. 10-11, 13-15; Catherine Grout, "Etats Spécifiques," Artefactum, no. 45, September/November 1992, p. 47; Paul Ardenne, Onze artistes anglais, Musée des Beaux-Arts (Le Havre)', Art Press (Paris), p.66.

This is overkill. One or two sound references would be adequate here. However, the references have to contain the information they are being used for. Take "Julian Stallabrass, High Art Lite (London: Verso, 1999), p. 134-6": there is nothing in these pages that states that Bond is a YBA. Therefore the citation fails. Please quote text from any of the sources that you have cited which explicitly states Bond is a YBA.  Ty  18:53, 14 March 2010 (UTC)

 * Yes, sorry, the references to Bond in Stallabrass are on p. 140-141 and p. 132-4. Which do not specifically mention the phrase, YBA, as you say. In truth most of the articles I added--yes, overkill, sorry--are more-or-less written before the phrase yBa was coined--generally attributed to Simon Ford, March 1996, see: http://www.artmonthly.co.uk/about.htm

Anyway here is one: but where to place this quote?

Michael Archer, "Overlapping Figures." In How To Improve the World: 60 Years of British Art (London: Hayward Gallery, 2006), p. 50.

The New Sculpture, then incubating at the Royal college of Art and quickly celebrated as part of the 'quiet revolution', Britain's contribution to the experimentalism of post-1960s art, encompassed Richard Deacon, Tony Cragg, Anish Kapoor, Alison Wilding, Bill Woodrow and Richard Wentworth. Then later still there is the generation of Damien Hirst, Sarah Lucas, Angela Bulloch, Henry Bond and Liam Gillick, the earliest of the yBas (young British artists).

If you don't have the book this link brings it up:

http://books.google.com/books?lr=&cd=2&id=FZlPAAAAMAAJ&dq=YBAs+henry+bond&q=YBAs+bond —Preceding unsigned comment added by Artiquities (talk • contribs) 19:50, 14 March 2010 (UTC)

 * Sorry forgot to sign earlier --Artiquities (talk) 20:02, 14 March 2010 (UTC)

 * Excellent ref. Well done.  Ty  20:18, 14 March 2010 (UTC)

Creative Camera
Re. this edit, did Creative Camera specify it was from the book or is that your observation. If former please supply text on this page from CC. If latter, then not permissible per WP:NOR.  Ty  11:37, 10 April 2010 (UTC)

 * I could not find source mentioned, hence removed copy as per the above rationale.--Artiquities (talk) 14:59, 10 April 2010 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Young British Artists


text:
Tioga River (Chemung River tributary)

The Tioga River is a tributary of the Chemung River, approximately 58 mi long, in northern Pennsylvania and western New York in the United States. It drains a region of ridges in the northern Allegheny Plateau in the watershed of the Susquehanna River.

In the 19th century, trees logged in the Tioga Valley were extensively used in shipbuilding. Logs were floated down the Tioga to the Chemung and on to the Susquehanna River, the Chesapeake Bay, and the shipyards of Baltimore.

Course
The Tioga River rises in the mountains of western Bradford County and flows initially southwest into Tioga County, passing through Tioga State Forest. In southern Tioga County it turns north, cutting gaps in four separate ridges while flowing past Blossburg and Mansfield, then through Tioga Reservoir. North of Tioga it receives Crooked Creek from the west, then crosses into Steuben County, New York, near Lawrenceville, Pennsylvania. It receives the Cowanesque River from the west approximately 1 mi north of the state line, then receives the Canisteo River from the west in southeastern Steuben County, approximately 10 mi southwest of Corning. It joins the Cohocton River at Painted Post, just west of Corning, to form the Chemung River, a tributary of the Susquehanna.

Tioga Reservoir
The Tioga River has one major impoundment, the Tioga Reservoir, formed by a dam just before the borough of Tioga, Pennsylvania. The lake has a surface area of 498 acre and is administered by the United States Army Corps of Engineers, which built the Tioga Dam from 1973 to 1979. Built together with the adjoining Hammond Dam and Hammond Lake (on Crooked Creek), the total project cost $200 million.

The dam projects were initially authorized by the United States Congress in the Flood Control Act of 3 July 1958 (Public Law 85-500). Construction was begun in the aftermath of the devastating floods caused by Hurricane Agnes in June 1972, which resulted in widespread damage along the rivers. A channel connects the two lakes so that Hammond Lake (which has greater storage capacity) may be used to store excess (flood) water from Tioga Lake.

In addition to supporting flood control on the Chemung and Susquehanna rivers, the dams are also meant to help improve water quality by decreasing the acidity of water in the Tioga River downstream of the dams; it is diluted by addition of the more neutral waters of Crooked Creek. The Tioga River's acidity is caused by acid mine drainage.

The lakes also offer recreational opportunities, including camping, boating, fishing, swimming, and hiking on area trails.

title: Tioga River (Chemung River tributary)


text:
List of geological features on Mercury

List of geological features on Mercury is an itemization of mountains, valleys, craters and other landform features of the planet Mercury. Different types of features are named after different things: Mercurian ridges are called dorsa, and are named after astronomers who made detailed studies of the planet; valleys are called valles, and are named after ancient abandoned cities, towns, and settlements; crater chains are called catenae and are named after radio telescope facilities; plains are called planitiae, and most are named after mythological names associated with Mercury; escarpments are called rupes and are named after the ships of famous explorers; long, narrow depressions are called fossae and are named after works of architecture; bright spots are called faculae and are named after the word snake in various languages.

See also list of craters on Mercury, list of albedo features on Mercury, and list of quadrangles on Mercury

Longitude is west longitude.

title: List of geological features on Mercury


text:
User talk:Steffen

  If you want to leave me a note, please use my german discussion page

Welcome
Guten Morgen, guten Abend, Steffen. Wilkommen!!

Is that you registered on the Maori Wikipedia?

 * Robin Patterson 00:17, 27 May 2004 (UTC)

No it's not me. --Steffen 16:24, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

Saints Wikiproject
I noted that you have been contributing to articles about saints. I invite you to join the WikiProject Saints.

Thanks! --evrik 16:15, 8 May 2006 (UTC)

Notification: changes to "Mark my edits as minor by default" preference
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Thank you for your understanding and happy editing :) Editing on behalf of User:Jarry1250, LivingBot (talk) 20:49, 13 March 2011 (UTC)

We need your help testing latest huggle
Hello,

I am sending you this message because you listed yourself on Huggle/Members as a beta tester. We desperately need attention of testers, because since we resolved all release blockers, we are ready to release first official version of huggle 3! Before that happens, it would be nice if you could test it so that we can make sure there are no issues with it. You can download it packaged for your operating system (see Huggle/Huggle3_Beta) or you can of course build it yourself, see https://github.com/huggle/huggle3-qt-lx for that. Don't forget to use always latest version, there is no auto-update message for beta versions!

Should you find any issue, please report it to wikimedia bugzilla, that is a central place for huggle bugs, where we look at them. That is i mportant, if you find a bug and won't report it, we can't fix it. Thank you for your work on this, if you have any questions, please send me a message on my talk page, I won't be looking for responses here. Thanks, Petrb (talk) 15:17, 10 April 2014 (UTC)

New huggle 3.1 is going to be released soon
Hi Steffen, we are to release a new major version of huggle, but we did receive almost no feedback from our beta testing team, which you are a part of (see https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Huggle/Members). It would be of a great help if you could download it (if you have windows, all you need to do is getting http://tools.wmflabs.org/huggle/files/huggle3.1.0beta.exe and putting it to a folder where you have installed huggle) and test it. You can always get a help with making it @ !

Major changes:
 * Multisite support - you can now log in to unlimited number of wikis in 1 huggle session and get a huge queue of all edits made to these wikis. This is good for smaller projects which gets overlooked often.
 * Ranged diffs - you can select multiple revisions and get a huge diff that display all changes done to them.
 * Fixes of most of bug reports we had so far

In case you found a bug, please report it to bugzilla: https://bugzilla.wikimedia.org/buglist.cgi?product=Huggle&list_id=147663 thank you! Petrb (talk) 10:15, 30 July 2014 (UTC)

Huggle message
Hey Steffen! You are receiving this message because you are subscribed at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Huggle/Members#Beta_testers

I have recently launched a new downloads for beta testers that contains nightly builds of huggle, eg. versions that are built every day from our master branch and contains latest huggle. These builds are currently provided only for Windows and Ubuntu. You can find them here: http://huggle.wmflabs.org/builds/

Please keep in mind that these don't have any automatic updates and if you download and start using nightly build, you will need to update it yourself! So don't get yourself to running old version, it's possible to install both stable and nightly huggle, which is what I suggest.

Keep the bug reports coming to phabricator: https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/maniphest/task/create/?projects=Huggle Many thanks! Petrb (talk) 10:03, 28 January 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Steffen


text:
Talk:Boston Latin School

Brooklyn Latin School
This reference keeps getting deleted or moved around. I think it is notable, since the Brooklyn school is explicitly modeled after BLS, copying many of its traditions. I thought the History section was the best place for this, but perhaps not. It's currently in the Miscellaneous section, but this sectionshould in fact go away—see WP:TRIVIA—or perhaps be renamed something like "Popular references". What do people think? —johndburger 02:43, 26 June 2007 (UTC)

 * Because Brooklyn Latin was modeled after the style of education at BLS, perhaps the Academics section is best. --Pgp688 00:00, 29 June 2007 (UTC)

Assess
Well done. Only problem I can see is that your reference for oldest school is not convincing. Obviosly we need a 3rd party source ... and a believable one. This article can go to GA and become a top article too. Any takers? Victuallers 16:03, 26 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Let's do this! Pgp688 (talk) 05:49, 20 November 2007 (UTC)

Failed "good article" nomination
The Good Article criteria specifically requires that an article, "at minimum, provides in-line citations from reliable sources for direct quotations, statistics, published opinion, counter-intuitive or controversial statements that are challenged or likely to be challenged, and contentious material relating to living persons" This article contains many large sections without a single in-line citation, including claims that could (without prior knowledge or proper attribution) be called grandiose. As hold periods are only provided for articles that already meet the major criteria but need minor work, I must fail the article without one. Please provide in-line citations per the quoted criteria before renominating the article. There are other areas in the article (such as the inadequate length of the lead section) to reevaluate in comparison to the GA criteria. If you feel this decision was in error, you may seek a reassessment. Thank you for your work so far, Van Tucky  Talk 23:38, 21 November 2007 (UTC)

18th century Latin-school movement
"Its curriculum follows that of the 18th century Latin-school movement, which holds the classics to be the basis of an educated mind." An intriguing claim, specifically that there was a 18th century Latin-school movement, for which there is no citation. Furthermore, there appears to be nothing in any current article in English on Wikipedia that supports directly or indirectly this claim. The Wikipedia article that I thought might shed some light on this claim, Classical education movement, does not. 101.162.178.86 (talk) 07:50, 7 January 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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Modifications based on oldest school.
I have rephrased the sentence describing it's place as one of the oldest schools in the nation following discussion on. My method appears to be crude and I admit it, if someone could brush it up, that would be greatly appreciated!Funkyman99 (talk) 02:12, 2 December 2016 (UTC)

Mike Sherman
His bio entry reports he attended another school. Why is he listed as a BLS alum? 127W111 (talk) 17:16, 22 January 2017 (UTC)

 * Where does it say that? Funkyman99 (talk) 20:29, 22 January 2017 (UTC)

Bogus Factoid?
"Established on April 23, 1635, by Sir Aidan Patrick Kelly (The Red Head)" Can anyone verify that? "Aidan Patrick Kelly" doesn't sound like a typical New England Puritan name. So far as I can ascertain, his name only turns up in articles based on this one. This would not be the first time the Irish tried to pull one over on the Yankees. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.95.174.225 (talk) 20:20, 4 February 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
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Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 25 January 2021 and 3 May 2021. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Avinguyen36.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 16:08, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

John Hull
Why in the list of the last names of famous alumni does John Hull appear with his first name? It is the only exception.Rmrwiki (talk) 20:22, 20 July 2022 (UTC)

Why no Latin version of this article
It seems odd that there is a version of this article on Russian Wikipedia, but no such on Latin Wikipedia. Go figure. Toddcs (talk) 01:30, 13 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Boston Latin School


text:
Talk:Munchlax

Is Laxbe his name?
This morning I moved Gonbe's page over here according to information found on this page. This evening, however, I find on Serebii.net's newspage that Laxbe may not be its real name. should it be moved back with a mention that its name was thought to be Laxbe for a moment in time? or should it be left here untill the official English name appears?--Fern 24:00, May 26, 2004 (UTC)

 * I vote for moving it back. The name is NOT official (though not unlikely), and as such, maintaining information stating its name is Laxbe would be wrong.I don't know about you, but I prefer as error-free a Wikipedia as possible ;)--Pidgeot 19:29, May 27, 2004 (CET)

OK. I moved it back. We can always move it again when the english name appears J. I've added the notice into the article, and why Laxbe seemed like such a logical name.--Fern 18:03, May 27, 2004 (UTC)

Official name
The official US name of this Pokemon is revealed to be Munchlax at a Pokemon Rocks event. I moved the page to that name. --NessSnorlax

Level 30?
Who says? No one says that's who. False info alert! —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Ferretgames (talk • contribs).
 * For that matter, where did its species type information come from? Or its height/weight info? ...serebii.net, it looks like. Okay, where did they get it from? I don't think Diamond/Pearl is even out in Japan, so...? --Sparky the Seventh Chaos 01:22, Apr 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * The standard for pre-evolutions like Munchlax is that they evolve into the corresponding Basic Pokémon through a high tameness factor, so I hold the "Level 30" info suspect. Perhaos it was meant to be a reference to the level wild Snorlax are found in the games?Sinistro 18:22, 6 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Mm. If it's okay with everyone else, I think we should go ahead and remove that info until the games are at least out in Japan. --Sparky the Seventh Chaos 03:38, Apr 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * Some of the baby pokémon evolve at level 30, as opposed to tameness. I am referring to Smoochum, Magby and Elekid. Although I agree, that information is highly speculative... as is the "prediction" for the shiny colours. Deskana 20:47, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Also, we've assumed Thick Fat as its ability. It wouldn't be the first time for a Pokémon's ability to change as it evolves. For example, Poochyena and Run Away and Mightyena and Intimidate. Poochyena isn't very intimidating and Mightyena doesn't seem much of a coward. Personally, I think Vital Spirit might fit Munchlax... it is a hyperactive Pokémon! -- Deskana 22:22, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I think its species info came from the seventh movie as well as its height and weight info. Cabby2 18:24, 6 February 2006 (UTC)

 * My Pokémon: Mystery Dungeon strategy guide says Munchlax evolves at lv 40. Odd, since Munchlax can't be recruited in the game, but it was a Nintendo guide. o.O -- ~PinkDeoxys~ 01:07, 26 September 2006 (UTC)

okay, y'all. here's the scoop on snorlaxes baby form. iit evolves wih HAPPINESS, NOT LEVELLING UP. in d/p, it is rare and located at a place called sweet honey trees (american name yet to be realized) and d/p is IN FACT, out in japan already. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 4.184.242.253 (talk) 17:19, 20 October 2006 (UTC)

#387
How does anyone know it it's number is #387? This number is on both this page and the List of Pokémon by number. Could someone check whether this is right, please? NP Chilla 19:55, 16 January 2006 (UTC)
 * It is the 387th pokemon revealed, but I don't think it will be number 387 in the pokedex. Furthermore, in the list of pokemon by national numbers, Munchlax's number was ???. Cabby2 18:34, 6 February 2006 (UTC)

Confirmed Moves?
Most of the other Wiki articles about 4th generation Pokemon have sections regarding which moves they have displayed in the movies/TV series, and are therefore considered confirmed moves in the games until otherwise disproven. Can someone more familiar with the movies and TV series please make a similar section for Munchlax? I've heard from various sources that in the anime May's Munchlax uses Focus Punch, Metronome, and Solarbeam, and in the 7th movie the featured Munchlax uses Extremespeed. This is mostly just hearsay though, so if someone who actually knows this for fact makes a section listing Munchlax's confirmed moves so far it would be much appreciated. --Thores 06:09, 05 April 2006 (UTC)

 * It would seem likely that Rest will probably be a default move for Munchlax, as it was with Snorlax. Or if Munchlax is obtained via egg (sense it is a baby pokemon) then Rest will probably be one of it's egg moves. Pound seems like it could also be included, because Munchlax is normal type. But then you'd have to consider the long list of other normal type moves that could be possible. And about what you said, It seems strange that Munchlax can use Solarbeam. But Metronome seems possible, only because that was one of Togepi's egg moves. And about Extreme Speed, it seems highly unlikely (alot more unlikely than solarbeam) that a baby pokemon would know such a strong attack. (Think about the instant KOs there would be). And about what I mentioned about pound, I noticed you included Focus Punch as an attack May used on the anime. So then there are several possibilites for it's egg moves, with them including one or two of the following attacks: Metronome,Pound,Rest and Growl. Focus Punch seems unlikely with Pound being a more preferred egg move among normal type pokemon. And Growl is also highly popular among normal and some baby pokemon. Solarbeam can automatically be removed from possibly egg moves because it's a grass attack. With Munchlax being a pure normal type it's obvious it's egg moves will be only normal attacks. (Unless for some odd reason it learns something like Bite, which I beleive is a Dark? type) HurricaneJeanne 07:42, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

 * It has been confirmed Swallow will be one of it's attacks. While the other attacks I listed still may be possible. Especially the normal-type moves such as Growl.-HurricaneJeanne 23:56, 11 May 2006 (UTC)

The anime shows it can use metranome. In an episode of Advanced battle May's learns metrinome while it is being used by the members of the Clafairy family on mount moon. It luanched spash on team rocket with it. (it had the efecct of makeing Team Rocket wiggle their arms and legs so it did have an effect).Lego3400: The Sage of Time 15:45, 5 November 2006 (UTC) It also knows solar beam/.Lego3400: The Sage of Time 15:45, 5 November 2006 (UTC)

 * I would say: only when Nintendo makes an official moves list for Munchlax available can moves be posted. anything till then is speculation. -Jeske (How's My Editing?) 04:15, 6 November 2006 (UTC)
 * In restrospect, I think I should elaborate the position I'm taking: we should only note the moves he learns vs. Snorlax's moves, but nothing more (a full movelist is breaching WP:NOT). -Jeske (v^_^v) 17:39, 19 March 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Munchlax


text:
Woo

Woo, or variants, may refer to:

People

 * Wu (surname), and several variants and other transliterations
 * Wu (surname 伍)
 * Wu (surname 武)
 * Ng (name): 吳, 伍
 * Hu (surname), also pronounced Woo
 * Woo (Korean surname)
 * Woo (Korean given name)
 * Łukasz Obrzut, nicknamed Woo, Polish-American basketball player fl. 2003–2007

Fictional characters

 * Woo, in King of the Monsters video games
 * WoO, an alien creature in Japanese TV show Bio Planet WoO
 * Woo, a fictional monster in the Ultraman television series

Film and television

 * Woo (film), a 1998 romantic comedy
 * "Woooo!", a 2008 TV episode of How I Met Your Mother
 * "Woo-oo!", serioes premiere of 2017 TV series DuckTales

Music

 * WoO (Works without opus number), a cataloging system for unnumbered works of Beethoven and others
 * Woo (music group), a British experimental band
 * Woo (soundtrack), from the 1998 film
 * Woo!, a 2003 EP by Tilly and the Wall
 * "Woo", a song by Rihanna from the 2016 album Anti
 * "Woo", a song by Beach House from the 2018 album 7
 * "The Woo", a 2020 song by Pop Smoke

Other uses

 * Woo, to engage in Courtship
 * World of Outlaws, or WoO, an American motorsports sanctioning body
 * WOO, a callsign of the AT&T High Seas Service
 * WOO (Philadelphia), a 1920s broadcasting station
 * "Woooo!", a catchphrase of wrestler Ric Flair
 * Wool railway station, Dorset, England, station code WOO

title: Woo


text:
Set It Off (film)

Set It Off is a 1996 American heist crime action film directed by F. Gary Gray and written by Kate Lanier and Takashi Bufford. The film stars Jada Pinkett, Queen Latifah, Vivica A. Fox, and Kimberly Elise (in her film acting debut). It follows four close friends in Los Angeles, California, who plan to execute a bank robbery—each doing so for different reasons—to achieve better for themselves and their families.

The film was a box office success, grossing over $41 million against a budget of $9 million. The film earned positive reviews from critics, who praised the characters, music and performances of the cast (particularly that of Pinkett and Latifah), as well as the chemistry of the four leading actresses. The soundtrack was a commercial success, peaking at number four on the Billboard 200 and number three on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. Additionally, the singles "Set It Off", "Don't Let Go (Love)", "Days of Our Livez", "Angel", "Come On", "Let It Go" and "Missing You" each charted.

Plot
Francesca "Frankie" Sutton is a Los Angeles bank teller who is fired after a robbery because she recognized one of the robbers from her Southern Californian neighborhood. Although she did not personally know the robber, she’s also implicated as an inside person by Detective Strode. Frankie goes to work at Luther's Janitorial Services with her three best friends, Lida "Stony" Newsom, Cleopatra "Cleo" Sims, and Tisean "T.T." Williams. The owner, Luther, treats them with disrespect and pays them paltry wages.

Tired of working a low-paying job, Frankie explains that they should rob a bank themselves. Cleo agrees, but Stony and T.T. are reluctant. However, after Stony's younger brother Stevie, is gunned down by the police in a case of mistaken identity with one of the bank robbers from Frankie's bank and T.T.'s son is taken away from her by Child Protective Services, they too now have the motivation to join the robbery.

While casing a bank with T.T., Stony meets bank manager Keith Weston whom she starts dating. The four women embark on a series of successful bank robberies due to Frankie's inside knowledge of bank protocol with money and security. An investigation by LAPD Detective Strode ensues. Strode suspects that Cleo (because of her prior convictions), Frankie (because of her inadvertent connection to the earlier robbery and subsequent firing) and Stony (because of her brother's death) are involved. But his superior refuses to allow him to bring them in for questioning because he doesn't feel the evidence is sufficient.

Concerned with the safety of their money, the four women stash the money in an air vent at one of their work sites. However, when Cleo, Frankie, and T.T. show up for work one day and find a new boss in charge, they quickly realize that Luther has discovered the money and fled with it. While Stony attends a banking event with Keith, ending the night with passionate lovemaking, the three women track Luther to a motel where he is sleeping with a prostitute.

The women demand the return of their money, but Luther refuses to give it up and pulls a gun on Cleo, forcing T.T. to shoot him dead in self-defense. Cleo is soon brought in by Strode over for questioning for Luther's murder but manages to intimidate the prostitute into not identifying her. Later, after hearing what happened, Stony is disappointed and angry with Frankie and T.T. about the missing money, Luther's death, and Cleo being brought in for a lineup. They debate robbing another bank, but Stony is reluctant due to the police attention. Eventually, Frankie and Cleo persuade Stony that they need to rob another bank and leave town the next day.

The women decide to rob the Downtown Federal bank, the city’s largest bank and Keith's place of work. Concerned for Keith's safety and not wanting him to know she's a bank robber, Stony calls Keith and tells him to meet her at a café, far from the location of the bank. The four women quickly execute the robbery, but Cleo demands that T.T. grab more money, which gives Strode enough time to arrive.

Strode and his partner try to talk them into surrendering. As T.T. and Stony begin to put down their weapons, a bank security guard shoots T.T. A shootout ensues as Stony shoots the guard, and an enraged Cleo opens fire on the detectives. The women eventually drive away, with Cleo shooting at the cops, though T.T. succumbs to her wounds and dies in Stony's arms. The three remaining women attempt to outrun the police in vain. Cleo tells Stony and Frankie that they have to split up and to take her share of the money with them.

The police find Cleo, who proceeds to lead them on a high speed chase until she is cornered. She drives through a police barricade, which causes the police to shoot at her car and blow out her tires. While she's refusing to surrender, she leaps from her car firing her gun, and is killed by the police, to the dismay of her girlfriend Ursula and friends from the neighborhood watching the chase on TV. A short time later, Frankie is found, and Strode attempts to get Frankie to surrender. After defiantly sticking a gun in Strode's face and reminding him of how he got her fired to begin with, Frankie attempts to run, but one of the officers shoots her in the back and kills her. Stony, who managed to blend in with a tourist group heading to Mexico, tearfully watches Frankie's death from a passing charter bus. Strode sees her from a distance but lets her go, realizing the part he played in driving the women to crime, and due to failing to stop her brother from being killed.

In Mexico, Stony mourns the losses of her friends and brother and cuts off her hair. She then calls Keith to assure him that she is all right and thanks him before smiling. After hanging up, she is seen driving through the mountains with her share of the money from the last robbery beside her.

Cast

 * Jada Pinkett as Lida "Stony" Newsome
 * Queen Latifah as Cleopatra "Cleo" Sims
 * Vivica A. Fox as Francesca "Frankie" Sutton
 * Kimberly Elise as Tisean "T.T." Williams
 * John C. McGinley as Detective Strode
 * Blair Underwood as Keith Weston
 * Ella Joyce as Detective Waller
 * Chaz Lamar Shepherd as Stevie Newsome
 * Thomas Jefferson Byrd as Luther
 * Charlie Robinson as Nate Andrews
 * Samuel Monroe Jr. as Lorenz
 * Dr. Dre as Black Sam
 * WC as Darnell
 * Vincent Baum as Jajuan
 * Jeris Lee Poindexter as Pete Rodney
 * Samantha MacLachlan as Ursula
 * Tamara Clatterbuck as Luther's Girlfriend

Production
Takashi Bufford said that he wrote the script with Pinkett Smith and Queen Latifah in mind even though he had not yet met them. The script was offered to New Line three times before finally being accepted, and the studio filled in more about why the female leads turn to bank robbery in a way that wasn't in the original script. Later Vivica A. Fox said: “Originally, with the script, we were throwing out pages daily. Like, “No.” But that’s what you do when you have a good director who knows what he has to turn in. We were given the freedom with him to create things, and dialogue that would make sense. Everyone; once it started making sense, we came up with little moments, and it really was a team effort, to make that movie so successful.

Box office
On a budget of $9 million and an R-rating, Set It Off grossed $36,461,139 in the United States and Canada, $5,129,747 internationally, and total of $41,590,886 worldwide. Tribute stated that it was New Line Cinema's highest-grossing film of 1996.

Critical response
Set It Off received generally positive reviews from critics and audiences. On Rotten Tomatoes, it has an approval rating of 70% based on 37 reviews, with an average rating of 6.4 out of 10. The site's consensus reads: "It may not boast an original plot, but Set It Off is a satisfying, socially conscious heist film thanks largely to fine performances from its leads." Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film a grade "A" on scale of A to F.

Roger Ebert stated that Set It Off is "a lot more" than a thriller about four women who rob banks. Comparing it to Waiting to Exhale, but "with a strong jolt of reality," he said, "It creates a portrait of the lives of these women that's so observant and informed." He gave the film three and a half stars, and added, "The movie surprised and moved me: I expected a routine action picture and was amazed how much I started to care about the characters." Gene Siskel gave it a thumbs down.

Stephen Holden of The New York Times compared Set It Off to Thelma & Louise, stating, "In formulaic Hollywood terms, Set It Off might be described as Thelma and Louise Ride Shotgun in the Hood While Waiting to Exhale. A pop psychologist might translate the story into a fable called Women Who Rob Banks and the Society That Hates Them." He added that among "the long list of Hollywood heist movies that make you root for its criminals to steal a million dollars and live happily ever after, F. Gary Gray's film Set It Off is one of the most poignantly impassioned," and that "[i]f this messy roller coaster of a film often seems to be going in several directions at once, it never for a second loses empathy" for the female robbers.

James Berardinelli said that if Set It Off owes any debt to films, those films are Thelma & Louise and Dead Presidents, rather than Waiting to Exhale. He stated that "[t]here's a freshness and energy in the way director F. Gary Gray attacks this familiar material that keeps Set It Off entertaining, even during its weakest moments" and that "[t]he concept of four black action heroines makes for a welcome change in a genre that is dominated by: (a) rugged white males with a perpetual five o'clock shadow, (b) rugged white males who speak English with an accent, and (c) rugged white males with the acting ability of a fence post." Berardinelli added that although "[t]he film doesn't get off to a promising start" and "[t]he first half-hour, which details the various characters' motives for becoming involved in a bank robbery, is unevenly scripted," and that some aspects of the plot are contrived, "[o]nce the setup is complete, however, things shift into high gear. The remainder of the film, which includes several high-adrenaline action sequences and some slower, more dramatic moments, is smoothly-crafted. There are occasional missteps, such as an out-of-place Godfather parody, but, in general, Set It Off manages to rise above these."

Humanities academic Kara Keeling asserts the film's significance to queer film studies within her article '"What's Up with That? She Don't Talk?," in which she establishes Cleo and Ursula's lesbian relationship's significance to butch/femme representation, utilizing concepts of blaxploitation and ghettocentrism.

Accolades
Director F. Gary Gray won an Acapulco Black Film Festival award for Best Director, in 1997, and the Special Jury Prize at the Cognac Film Festival.

1997 Acapulco Black Film Festival
 * Best Director: F. Gary Gray (won)

1996 Independent Spirit Awards
 * Best Supporting Female: Queen Latifah (nominated)

1997 NAACP Image Awards
 * Outstanding Lead Actress in a Motion Picture: Queen Latifah (nominated)
 * Outstanding Lead Actress in a Motion Picture: Jada Pinkett Smith (nominated)
 * Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture: Blair Underwood (nominated)

Soundtrack
The soundtrack was released on September 24, 1996, by East West Records and featured production from several of hip hop and R&B's top producers, such as Organized Noize, DJ U-Neek and DJ Rectangle. The soundtrack was a huge success, making it to number four on the Billboard 200 and number three on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. It featured seven charting singles: "Set It Off", "Don't Let Go (Love)", "Days of Our Livez", "Angel", "Come On", "Let It Go" and "Missing You". All of the singles had music videos made for them. The track "The Heist" by Da 5 Footaz also had a music video made, even though it was not released as a single. On November 12, 1996, the album was certified platinum by the RIAA.

"Up Against the Wind" (runtime – 4:28), sung by Lori Perri and produced by Christopher Young, is not included in the soundtrack.

Score
Varèse Sarabande issued an album of Christopher Young's score for the film, including Lori Perri's "Up Against the Wind" on November 19, 1996.

Cultural impact
Set It Off became known as a staple in urban cinema as a cult classic. The film was also the center of many parodies and attracted spoofs in television, YouTube and social media alike with creators and actors recreating memorable scenes from the movie, particularly the rooftop scene; Stony's desperate decision to obtain money for her brother; the fight between Cleo and Stony and the final standoff scene. Notable social media creators and stand-up comedian/actor KevOnStage appeared as a detective in one of the 2014 parodies with content creators All Def Women, as well as social media actor and comedian Minks (officalminks) recreated and spoofed the final standoff scene in 2018.

Queen Latifah reprised her role as Cleo in a 1997 MADtv sketch with Phil Lamarr.

Queen Latifah also surprised Anthony Anderson with the cast reunion as a spoof while presenting Best Male R&B artist at the 2005 BET Awards trying to antagonize and rob him of his clothing.

The climactic song "Up Against the Wind" sung by Lori Perry became a popular viral internet meme sound bite in the late 2010s used in many TikTok and Instagram videos.

When asked in an interview with PeopleTV about a possible sequel to the film, Pinkett-Smith said: "That has been going on for years...my answer always is, there's no way I can do Set if Off without Vivica, Queen and Kimberly, that's just not gonna happen. Sometimes you gotta let a classic be a classic and just don't touch it." ET Live asked Fox about the possibility of Issa Rae creating a sequel, to which she replied, "It's a classic, leave it alone. There's absolutely no reason to try to redo it, it's been done, and we did it so well that people are absolutely going to compare it and I think that's her taking on a tremendous chore because that film has become a cult classic and some things are better left (alone)...create your own thing...and if it's not good they are going to slay her for it."

Time listed Set it Off as one of "The 25 Best Heist Movies" in 2017.

Stage play adaptation
Stage theater director and producer Je’Caryous Johnson, a well known renowned playwright in urban stage play productions, adapted Set It Off as an Off-Broadway play titled SET IT OFF: Live on Stage, with the blessing of creator and writer of the movie, Takashi Bufford. The stage play had a multi-city tour production run in 2018 and 2021 with Da Brat starring as Cleo in both 2018 and 2021 productions. The 2018 main cast featured Kyla Pratt as Stony, LeToya Luckett as Frankie and Demetria McKinney as Tisean (T.T.). The 2021 cast featured Keshia Knight Pulliam as Tisean, Lil' Mo and Vanessa Simmons as Frankie (alternating shows), Drew Sidora, LaToya London and Marquita Goings as Stony (alternating shows) and Leon Robinson as Keith Weston. The ensemble featured James "Lil' JJ" Lewis, Bakesta King, Michael Finn, Ericka Pinkett, Jason Raines, Steven J. Scott and Carson Pursley.

The 2020 production run was halted due to the COVID-19 pandemic which led to a few rescheduling dates to premiere in early 2021 but was again delayed and resumed in October and officially closed with its final tour run in November 2021. The stage production ran for two and a half hours. The play was received with mixed reviews.

title: Set It Off (film)


text:
Living Single

Living Single is an American television sitcom created by Yvette Lee Bowser that aired for five seasons on the Fox network, from August 22, 1993, to January 1, 1998. The show centers on the lives of six New York City friends who share personal and professional experiences while living in a Brooklyn brownstone.

Plot
Living Single centered on six friends in their 20s living the single life in Prospect Heights, Brooklyn.

The series focused on two different households in one brownstone, one shared by a trio of independent women and another shared by two male friends who had known each other since childhood while living in Cleveland, Ohio. In the first apartment, Khadijah James (Queen Latifah), a hard-working editor and publisher of the fictional urban independent magazine Flavor, lived with her sweet but naive cousin Synclaire James (Kim Coles), an aspiring actress who worked as Khadijah's receptionist and had an affinity for Troll dolls, and her childhood friend from East Orange, New Jersey, Regina "Régine" Hunter (Kim Fields), an image-conscious boutique buyer who was on a constant search for a well-to-do man to spend her life (and his money) with. Later in the series, Régine became a costume assistant for the soap opera Palo Alto. When the soap was canceled, she became a wedding planner and left the apartment to move in with her fiancé Dexter Knight (Don Franklin). Maxine "Max" Shaw (Erika Alexander), a sharp-tongued Attorney and Khadijah's best friend from their college days at Howard University, frequently stopped by to share her unique insights and the events of her day, to make sure that the girls' refrigerator wasn't overstocked, and to start trouble with Kyle, looking for any chance to make his life worse.

Kyle Barker (T.C. Carson) lived in the second apartment with Overton Wakefield Jones (John Henton). Overton was the friendly but bucolic maintenance man for the owner of their (and neighboring) building, who held a deep affection for Synclaire and plenty of hilarious homespun wisdom for everyone else. Kyle was a stockbroker whose constant verbal sparring with Max did little to mask their obvious sexual attraction to each other. Kyle and Max pursued a sexual relationship, but when he decided to take a job in London and invited Max to join him, she turned him down. Maxine subsequently became distraught over her decision and, after defending a man who claimed to be the second coming of Jesus (Harold Perrineau), she began to take her life more seriously. Through a series of events, Max decided that her purpose must be to become a mother. During the insemination process, she unknowingly picked Kyle's sperm specimen based on a list of qualities she would like for her child to have. Kyle returned in the series finale, and the two reconciled. Overton and Synclaire also got together, and their relationship culminated in marriage by the end of the fourth season. In season five, they moved in together, leaving Overton and Kyle's apartment open for new character Roni DeSantos (Idalis DeLeon), a New York-area D.J., to move in. It was eventually revealed that DeSantos had a fling with Ira Lee "Tripp" Williams III, (Mel Jackson), a songwriter whom Khadijah and Régine allowed to move in when Synclaire's room became available. Synclaire joined a comedy improv troupe where she gained the attention of Tony Jonas, a Warner Bros. Television executive who cast her as a nun for a new comedy series he was developing.

Along with trying to make Flavor a success, Khadijah also looked for Mr. Right. She eventually found him in childhood friend Scooter (Cress Williams), with whom she left the brownstone for the final time in the series finale.

Regular cast

 * Queen Latifah – Khadijah James, Howard graduate and editor and publisher of Flavor, an independent magazine devoted to the interests of the African-American community.
 * Kim Coles – Synclaire James-Jones, Khadijah's good-natured cousin and roommate; receptionist at Flavor and aspiring actress. The role of Synclaire was originally intended for Queen Latifah's long-time friend and collaborator, Monie Love, but she was unable to take the part.
 * Kim Fields – Regina "Regine" Hunter (episodes 1–115), Khadijah and Synclaire's gossip-loving roommate; Khadijah's childhood friend.
 * Erika Alexander – Maxine "Max" Felice Shaw, strong-willed attorney, Khadijah's best friend and former college roommate at Howard, who grew up in Mount Airy, Philadelphia; spends most of her time at the women's apartment.
 * T.C. Carson – Kyle Barker (episodes 1–107; guest appearance in episode 118), stockbroker and Overton's roommate; Max's verbal sparring partner and on-again-off-again love interest.
 * John Henton – Overton "Obie" Wakefield Jones, Kyle's roommate and the brownstone's handyman; Synclaire's sweetheart, also co-owner of the apartment complex the gang lived in.
 * Mel Jackson – Ira Lee "Tripp" Williams III (Season 5), Khadijah and Regine's new roommate; aspiring songwriter.

Recurring cast

 * Chip Fields — Laverne Hunter, Regine's mother
 * Rita Owens — Rita James (Seasons 1–4), Khadijah's mother
 * Michael Warren — Ed James (Season 4), Khadijah's father
 * Barbara Montgomery – Nana James (Season 2), Khadijah's grandmother
 * Khalil Kain — Keith (Seasons 3–4), Regine's boyfriend and artist
 * Don Franklin — Dexter Knight (Season 5), Regine's boyfriend turned fiancé
 * Cress Williams — Terrence "Scooter" Williams, Khadijah's childhood friend and boyfriend
 * Isaiah Washington — Dr. Charles Roberts (Season 4), Khadijah's anesthesiologist and boyfriend
 * Heavy D - Darryl, Regine's boyfriend (3 episodes)
 * Shaun Baker — Russell Montego, Jamaican-born music editor at Flavor, in love with Regine.
 * Bumper Robinson — Ivan Ennis (Seasons 3–4), Flavor copy aide and journalism major at New York University, in love with Khadijah.
 * Idalis DeLeon — Roni DeSantos (Season 5), popular New York City deejay and Tripp's love interest

Guest cast

 * Cylk Cozart – Brad Hamilton, Regine's boyfriend who turned out to be married (Season 1, Episode 1)
 * Freda Payne – Miss Harper (Season 1, Episode 2)
 * Thomas Mikal Ford – Michael Edwards, Synclaire's date (Season 1, Episode 3)
 * Jeffrey D. Sams – Greg, Maxine's ex-boyfriend (Season 1, Episode 4)
 * Kellita Smith - Susan, Greg's fiancée (Season 1, Episode 4)
 * Miguel A. Nunez – Goldie (Season 1, Episode 6 & 20)
 * Montrose Hagins – Shirley Shortridge (Season 1, Episode 7)
 * Marcus Giamatti – Jack Peabody (Season 1, Episode 7)
 * Dominic Hoffman – Patrick (Season 1, Episode 8)
 * Isabel Sanford – Mrs. Ryan (Season 1, Episode 10)
 * Ed McMahon – as himself (Season 1, Episode 12)
 * Flip Wilson - as himself (Season 1, Episode 12)
 * Dres (rapper) – as himself (Season 1, Episode 12)
 * Nia Long – Stacey Evans, photographer for Flavor and Kyle's date (Season 1, Episode 13)
 * Terrence Howard – Brendan King, Maxine's college-aged boyfriend (Season 1, Episode 17)
 * Cree Summer – Summer, Overton's date (Season 1, Episode 18)
 * Kelvin Mercer - Morris King, (Season 1, Episode 18)
 * Morris Chestnut – Hamilton Brown, the new upstairs neighbor (Season 1, Episode 18 & 19)
 * Michael Jai White – Steve (Season 1, Episode 20)
 * Charnele Brown – Jackie, Khadijah's college friend (Season 1, Episode 21)
 * Arsenio Hall – as himself (Season 1, Episode 21)
 * Mark Curry – Tony Ross, Regine's boyfriend, a standup comedian (Season 1, Episode 25)
 * Adam Lazarre-White - Alonzo Ford (Season 1, Episode 24 and 27)
 * Cheryl Miller – Denise Hatcher, Khadijah's school basketball rival (Season 2, Episode 2)
 * Branford Marsalis – as himself (Season 2, Episode 2)
 * Tamlyn Tomita – Mary, business client of Flavor (Season 2, Episode 5)
 * Franklin Cover – Professor Fletcher, Synclaire's teacher (Season 2, Episode 6)
 * Michole Briana White — Olivia Imogen Jones (Season 2 Episode 7 & Season 4 Episode 24), Overton's sister
 * Gilbert Gottfried – Lawrence J. Friedlander, telemarketing company owner (Season 2, Episode 10)
 * Wayne Federman – Fred Meyer, Maxine's public defender (Season 2, Episode 10)
 * Diana Bellamy – Judge Glazer, the judge at Maxine's trial (Season 2, Episode 10)
 * Elayne Boosler – Dr. Sheridan, Regine's doctor (Season 2, Episode 11)
 * John Capodice – neighborhood ice cream man (Season 2, Episode 11)
 * Deion Sanders – as himself (Season 2, Episode 12)
 * Rosie O'Donnell – Sheri, Khadijah's high school friend (Season 2, Episode 14)
 * Bobby Bonilla – as himself (Season 2, Episode 16)
 * Shemar Moore – Jon Marc, Synclaire's study partner (Season 2, Episode 18)
 * Phil Morris – Preston August, Maxine's boss and former boyfriend (Season 2, Episode 19)
 * Phil LaMarr – Joe, friend of Regine's boyfriend (Season 2, Episode 19)
 * Vanessa A. Williams – Hellura, Kyle's date (Season 2, Episode 22)
 * Kadeem Hardison – Marcus Hughes, Village Voice reporter (Season 2, Episode 23)
 * Roberto Durán – as himself (Season 2, Episode 23)
 * Jenifer Lewis – Delia Deveaux, talk show host (Season 2, Episode 25)
 * Will Ferrell – talk show guest (Season 2, Episode 25)
 * Q-Tip (musician) - Roberto Hughes (Season 2, Episode 26)
 * Bill Erwin – Mr. Foster, store owner (Season 2, Episode 26)
 * Regina King – Zina, possible new roommate (Season 2, Episode 26)
 * CCH Pounder – Nina Shaw (Season 3), Maxine's mother
 * Gladys Knight — Odelle Jones (Season 4), Overton's mother
 * Antonio Fargas — Otis Jones (Season 4), Overton's father
 * Denise Nicholas — Lilah James (Season 4), Synclaire's mother
 * Ron O'Neal — Clinton James (Season 4), Synclaire's father
 * Kenny Blank - as Damon Barker (Season 4), Kyle's brother.
 * Grant Hill – as himself (Season 3, Episode 3)
 * John O'Hurley – as Jean Luc Gerard, Regine new boss (Season 3, Episode 5)
 * Eartha Kitt – as Jacqueline Richards, Kyle's client (Season 3, Episode 8)
 * Alonzo Mourning – as himself (Season 3, Episode 10)
 * CCH Pounder – Nina Shaw, Maxine's mother (Season 3, Episode 11)
 * Burt Ward – as himself (Season 3, Episode 11)
 * Dean Cain – as himself (Season 3, Episode 11)
 * Cris Carter – as himself (Season 3, Episode 12)
 * Michael Boatman – as Brent, Palo Alto Actor (Season 3, Episode 13)
 * Dorian Gregory – as Mountie Robeson (Season 3, Episode 13)
 * Melvin Van Peebles – Warner Devant, Regine's date (Season 3, Episode 16)
 * Mario Van Peebles – Cole Front, Regine's date (Season 3, Episode 16)
 * Brian McKnight – as himself (Season 3, Episode 17)
 * Jasmine Guy – Dr. Jessica Bryce, Khadijah's therapist (Season 3, Episode 19)
 * Dorien Wilson — Rev. Leslie Taylor, pastor at the group's church (Season 3, Episode 23; Season 4, Episodes 6, 16 & 25)
 * Monica – Marissa, Khadijah's date's sister (Season 3, Episode 24)
 * Giancarlo Esposito – Maxine's client (Season 3, Episode 24)
 * Tatyana Ali – Stephanie James, Khadijah's half-sister (Season 3, Episode 25)
 * Jack Carter – Ray Kellum, eccentric man (Season 3, Episode 26; Season 4, Episode 9)
 * Bobcat Goldthwait – mugger (Season 3, Episode 27; Season 4, Episode 1)
 * Tone Loc – as Lester Tate, picked on Kyle in high school (Season 4, Episode 8)
 * Vivica A. Fox – as Darryl's fiancée (Season 4, Episode 9)
 * Jeff Blake – as himself (Season 4, Episode 10)
 * Sullivan Walker – as Dr. Booker Burghardt Mountebank (Season 4, Episode 12)
 * Evander Holyfield – as himself (Season 4, Episode 15)
 * Kareem Abdul-Jabbar – as himself (Season 4, Episode 15)
 * Susan L. Taylor – as herself (Season 4, Episode 15)
 * Estelle Harris – as Esther Brooks, owner of the brownstone (Season 4, Episode 15)
 * CeCe Winans – as LaTrice, in the choir of the group's church (Season 4, Episode 16)
 * Sherri Shepherd – comedian (Season 4, Episode 17)
 * Joseph Marcell — Reese, the women's house cleaner (Season 4, Episode 19)
 * Jim Brown – as himself (Season 4, Episode 20)
 * Kenya Moore – as Lisa DeLongPre, Kyle's Date (Season 4, Episode 21)
 * Tracy Vilar – as Ava Rivera (Season 4, Episode 22)
 * Desmond Howard – as himself (Season 4, Episode 24)
 * Marsha Warfield – Agnes Finch, cruise social director (Season 5, Episodes 1 and 2)
 * Montell Jordan – as himself (Season 5, Episode 2)
 * Vincent Mason - as Christopher Thompson (Season 5, Episode 3)
 * Cedric Ceballos – as himself (Season 5, Episode 3)
 * Chaka Khan – as herself (Season 5, Episode 6)
 * Keyshawn Johnson – as himself (Season 5, Episode 7)
 * Tionne 'T-Boz' Watkins – hitchhiker (Season 5, Episode 8)
 * Harold Perrineau – Walter Jackson, Maxine's client (Season 5, Episode 9)
 * Joyce DeWitt – as herself (Season 5, Episode 12)
 * DJ Premier as Keyshawn King (Season 5, Episodes 9 and 12)

Home media
Warner Home Video released the complete first season of Living Single on DVD in Region 1 on February 14, 2006. The entire series is also available for digital download on Amazon.com and the iTunes Store.

Warner Archive subsequently released seasons 2–5 on DVD in Region 1. These are Manufacture-on-Demand (MOD) releases, available from Warner's online store and Amazon.com.

Production
Queen Latifah and Kim Coles both had development deals with Fox. In March 1993, Fox announced that Queen Latifah and Coles would star in a comedy sitcom called My Girls, about roommates in New York City. The character of Khadijah was created for Queen Latifah. Khadijah is an entrepreneur who started an urban-lifestyle magazine, much as Latifah is an entrepreneur who started her hip-hop record label. Fox changed the show's name to Living Single three weeks before its television debut.

Creator Yvette Lee Bowser's initial goal was to develop a show about herself and her friends that would change the portrayal of young Black people on television. Her overall goal was to portray Black characters positively and less stereotypically. She also noted that the women represented on Living Single are four different sides of herself, saying in an interview, "I've been as ditsy as Synclaire, as superficial as Regine, as bitter as Max, and as focused and driven as Khadijah."

In May 1997, Fox announced that it had ordered 13 episodes of the fifth season of Living Single but would be delayed until January 1998. Three months later, Fox made a change to its fall schedule, delayed the airing of a new comedy called Rewind, and decided to debut Living Single's fifth season on September 11. The final episode of the fifth season aired on January 1, 1998.

Crossovers

 * The Crew: In one episode "The Mating Season" of the short-lived Fox sitcom The Crew, Regine becomes a passenger on a flight and argues with a sassy stewardess in hopes of upgrading to first class. In another episode, "The Worst Noel," Synclaire also becomes a passenger. The episode served as a bridge for The Crew and its lead-in show, Living Single.
 * Half & Half: Erika Alexander and T.C. Carson reprised their roles of Maxine Shaw and Kyle Barker on the UPN sitcom, Half & Half (a series produced by Living Single creator Yvette Lee Bowser). In the episode ("The Big Performance Anxiety Episode," third season), ambitious law student Dee Dee learns that her mother's co-star in a play is engaged to Maxine, Dee Dee's idol. However, her mother gets Maxine's beau, Kyle, fired because she fears he will take attention away from her. The episode also revealed that Maxine and Kyle remained a couple and were the proud parents of their seven-year-old daughter named Kyla.

Syndication
Living Single started reruns in syndication on September 22, 1997, through various Fox, UPN, and WB affiliates; these were later CW affiliates in terms of UPN and WB. The series formerly reran on USA Network, Logo TV, BET, and Oxygen. Syndication carriage on the local level fizzled out in 2006. Reruns of the series currently run daily on cable networks TV One, MTV2, Bounce TV, WCIU and VH1. As of January 11, 2018, all episodes began streaming on Hulu, and on HBO Max as of September 22, 2022.

Reunion specials
An hour-long retrospective special, Living Single: The Reunion Show, aired on TV One on September 22, 2008. Coles, Henton, Fields, Carson and Alexander reunited to share fond memories with the fans. Queen Latifah and Mel Jackson were unavailable to participate. The special featured clips and revealing secrets of the cast from the show's five-year run.

From August 24 to 26, 2018, TV One aired a weekend marathon of "Living Single" to highlight the 25th anniversary of the show. Coles, Henton, Fields, and Carson reunited once again to share memories with the fans, to share their thoughts on the characters they portrayed and provided a tribute to Rita Owens (Queen Latifah's real-life and TV mother), who had passed in early 2018. Queen Latifah, Erika Alexander and Mel Jackson were unavailable to participate.

Reception
During Living Single's first season, it consistently garnered higher ratings than Martin, which aired in the time slot immediately before it on Thursday nights, and it quickly became the fourth highest-rated show aired on Fox among their 12 current series.

Throughout its run, Living Single became one of the most popular African-American sitcoms of its era, ranking amongst the top five in African-American ratings in all five seasons. Newspaper critics contrasted Living Single with the NBC sitcom Friends which was inspired by the post-college experiences of Marta Kauffman and David Crane and in development around November 1993 after the cult show premiered. Living Single featured successful Black characters including an attorney, a stockbroker, and a business owner, in contrast to Friends, which featured white characters including a waitress, a folk singer, and an unemployed actor. Show creator Yvette Lee Bowser was disappointed that Warner Bros. did not promote Living Single nearly as much as it did ''Friends'.'

Living Single was never one of the highest-rated programs among audiences during its run from 1993 to 1998. Indeed, the show had struggled to break into lists of top television programs viewed by larger audiences and never broke into the Top 50, though it was a higher performer for the Fox network itself. Those who loved and watched the show regularly have told show creator Yvette Lee Bowser that they connect with its characters, love the cast, and are inspired by the positive, elegant, and professional portrayal of Black people on television. Bowser noted that "People say our characters remind them of themselves, their friends or their relatives. They all know someone like one of the characters."

Awards and nominations
In 1995 and 1996, Living Single was nominated for Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Lighting Direction (Electronic) for a Comedy Series (Bryan Hays).

title: Living Single


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Lists of geological features of the Solar System

This is a directory of lists of geological features on planets excepting Earth, moons and asteroids ordered by increasing distance from the Sun.

Mercury

 * List of craters on Mercury
 * List of geological features on Mercury

Venus

 * List of craters on Venus
 * List of coronae on Venus
 * List of mountains on Venus
 * List of terrae on Venus

Earth

 * see also Geology, Plate tectonics, Geologic eras, Geological history of Earth

The Moon

 * List of craters on the Moon
 * List of maria on the Moon
 * List of mountains on the Moon
 * List of valleys on the Moon

Mars

 * List of craters on Mars
 * List of mountains on Mars
 * List of rocks on Mars
 * List of valles on Mars
 * List of chasmata on Mars
 * List of plains on Mars
 * List of terrae on Mars
 * List of areas of chaos terrain on Mars
 * List of surface features of Mars seen by the Spirit rover
 * List of surface features of Mars seen by the Opportunity rover
 * see also List of Martian canals

Asteroids

 * List of geological features on Ceres
 * List of geological features on Vesta
 * List of geological features on 243 Ida and Dactyl
 * List of craters on 253 Mathilde
 * List of geological features on 433 Eros
 * List of geological features on 951 Gaspra
 * List of geological features on 25143 Itokawa

Io

 * List of mountains on Io
 * List of volcanic features on Io
 * List of regions on Io

Europa

 * List of craters on Europa
 * List of lineae on Europa
 * List of geological features on Europa

Ganymede

 * List of craters on Ganymede
 * List of geological features on Ganymede

Callisto

 * List of craters on Callisto
 * List of geological features on Callisto

Saturn

 * List of geological features on Mimas
 * List of geological features on Enceladus
 * List of geological features on Tethys
 * List of geological features on Dione
 * List of geological features on Rhea
 * List of geological features on Titan
 * List of geological features on Hyperion
 * List of geological features on Iapetus
 * List of geological features on Phoebe

Uranus

 * List of geological features on Puck
 * List of geological features on Miranda
 * List of geological features on Ariel
 * List of geological features on Umbriel
 * List of geological features on Titania
 * List of geological features on Oberon

Neptune

 * List of geological features on Proteus
 * List of geological features on Triton

Kuiper belt

 * List of geological features on Pluto
 * List of geological features on Charon