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Card manipulation

Card manipulation is the branch of magic that deals with creating effects using sleight of hand techniques involving playing cards. Card manipulation is often used in magical performances, especially in close-up, parlor, and street magic. Some of the most recognized names in this field include Dai Vernon, Tony Slydini, Ed Marlo, S.W. Erdnase, Richard Turner, John Scarne, Ricky Jay and René Lavand. Before becoming world-famous for his escapes, Houdini billed himself as "The King of Cards". Among the more well-known card tricks relying on card manipulation are Ambitious Card, and Three-card Monte, a common street hustle also known as Find the Lady.

History
Playing cards became popular with magicians in the 15th century as they were props which were inexpensive, versatile, and easily accessible. Card magic has bloomed into one of the most popular branches of magic, accumulating thousands of techniques and ideas. These range from complex mathematics like those used by Persi Diaconis, the use of psychological techniques like those taught by Banachek, to extremely difficult sleight of hand like that of Ed Marlo and Dai Vernon.

Card magic, in one form or another, likely dates from the time playing cards became commonly known, towards the second half of the fourteenth century, but its history in this period is largely undocumented. Compared to sleight of hand magic in general and to cups and balls, it is a new form of magic. However, due to its versatility as a prop it has become popular amongst modern magicians.

Martin Gardner called S.W. Erdnase's 1902 treatise on card manipulation Artifice, Ruse and Subterfuge at the Card Table: A Treatise on the Science and Art of Manipulating Cards "the most famous, the most carefully studied book ever published on the art of manipulating cards at gaming tables".

Technique
Illusions performed with playing cards are constructed using basic card manipulation techniques (or sleights). It is the intention of the performer that such sleights are performed in a manner which is undetectable to the audience—however, that result takes practice and a thorough understanding of method. Manipulation techniques include:

Lifts
Lifts are techniques which extract one or more cards from a deck. The produced card(s) are normally known to the audience, for example having previously been selected or identified as part of the illusion. In sleight of hand, a "double lift" can be made to extract two cards from the deck, but held together to appear as one card.

False deals
Dealing cards (for example at the start of a traditional card game) is considered a fair means of distributing cards. False deals are techniques which appear to deliver cards fairly, when actually the cards delivered are predetermined or known to the performer. False dealing techniques include: second dealing, bottom dealing, middle dealing, false counts (more or less cards are dealt than expected), and double dealing (the top and bottom cards of a small packet are dealt together).

Side steal
A technique invented by magician F. W. Conradi. It is used to control a predetermined card to the top of a deck (most of the time).

Passes
The effect of the card pass is that an identified card is inserted somewhere into a deck. However, following rapid and concealed manipulation by the performer, it is secretly moved or displaced - usually to the top (or bottom) of the deck. A pass is achieved by swapping the portion of the deck from the identified card downwards, with the portion of the deck above the identified card. Pass techniques include: the classic pass, the invisible turn-over pass, the Zingone Perfect Table pass, the flesh grip pass, the jog pass, the Braue pass, the Charlier pass, the finger palm pass and the Hermann pass. Simply, a card pass is a secret cut of the deck (not to be confused with a coin pass which is a false transfer of a coin from one hand to the other).

Palming
Palming is a technique for holding or concealing one or more cards in the palm of the hand. Cards palmed from a deck are typically held in reserve (unseen by the audience) until production is required for the illusion being performed. Palming techniques include: the Braue diagonal tip-up, the swing, the thumb-count, face card palm, the crosswise, new vertical, the gamblers' squaring, the gamblers' flat, the Hugard top palm, the flip-over, the Hofzinser bottom, the Braue bottom, the Tenkai palm and the Zingone bottom.

False shuffles
Shuffling cards is considered a fair means to randomize the cards contained in a deck. False shuffles are techniques which appear to fairly shuffle a deck, when actually the cards in the deck are maintained in an order appropriate to the illusion being performed. False shuffles can be performed that permit one or more cards to be positioned in a deck, or even for the entire deck to remain in an unshuffled state (for example the state the deck was in before the shuffle). False shuffle techniques include: the perfect riffle, the strip-out, the Hindu shuffle, the gamblers', and various stock shuffling techniques (where the locations of one or more cards are controlled during the false shuffle).

False cuts
Cutting a deck of cards is a technique whereby the deck is split into two portions (the split point being randomly determined – often by a member of the audience), which are then swapped – the effect being to make sure that no one is sure of which card is on the top of the deck. False cuts are techniques whereby the performer appears to organise a fair cut, when actually a predetermined card (or cards) is organised to be located on the top of the deck. False cutting techniques include: the false running cut, and the gambler's false cut.

Color change
A color change is the effect of changing one card to another in front of the spectator's eyes. Usually the cards changed are of different colors, or a face card into a number card, in order to make the change more apparent. There are many different techniques to accomplish this effect, but among the most common are the classic color change and the snap change, as they are easier to master than others. Professional magicians usually perform other color changes such as the Cardini or Erdnase change.

Crimps
Crimps are techniques whereby part of a card is intentionally physically marked, creased, or bent to facilitate identification during an illusion. Crimp techniques include: the regular crimp, the gamblers' crimp, the breather crimp and the peek crimp.

Jogs
A jog is one or more cards which protrude slightly from somewhere within a deck or stack of cards. The protrusion, although not noticeable to the audience, permits the performer to retain knowledge about the location of the card during other manipulations. While jogs are not always hidden from the audience, they are most often. Some varieties include "in jogs", "side jogs", and "out jogs".

Reverses
Card reverses are techniques whereby one or more cards in a deck are made to change their orientation, for example from face up to face down.

Forces
Card forces are the sleight which involves forcing a spectator to choose a card that has been predetermined by the performer, while maintaining supposed free choice. Some forces include; the classic force, the riffle force, and the slip force.

Misdirection
Misdirection, though not entirely specific to card magic, is indeed very prominent in most card performances. In many cases, the ‘skill’ of a card illusionist is determined by how well they can switch the audiences attention from one part of the performance to the next, which becomes more difficult when dealing with hecklers. Magicians can use card techniques like flourishing, verbal misdirection and by cracking jokes, in order to mislead the audience, making concealment of important sleight of hand easier in the process.

title: Card manipulation


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Liar Liar

Liar Liar is a 1997 American fantasy comedy film directed by Tom Shadyac and written by Paul Guay and Stephen Mazur. It stars Jim Carrey as a lawyer who built his entire career on lying but finds himself cursed to speak only the truth for a single day, during which he struggles to maintain his career and to reconcile with his ex-wife and son whom he alienated with his pathological lying.

The film is the second of three collaborations between Carrey and Shadyac—the first being Ace Ventura: Pet Detective and the third being Bruce Almighty—the second of three collaborations between Guay and Mazur—the others being The Little Rascals and Heartbreakers—and the first of three collaborations between Carrey and producer Brian Grazer, the other two being How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000) and Fun with Dick and Jane (2005).

The film was released to critical and commercial success, grossing $302.7 million against a budget of $45 million and earning positive reviews from critics and audiences, who particularly praised Carrey's performance. At the 55th Golden Globe Awards, he was nominated for Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy.

Plot
Fletcher Reede is a divorced lawyer living in Los Angeles, who loves spending time with his young son, Max. However, Fletcher also has a habit of giving precedence to his career, breaking promises to Max and his ex-wife, Audrey, and then lying about the reasons, which has made him a successful defense lawyer at his firm. After Fletcher misses Max's birthday party when senior partner Miranda lures him to get promoted by having sex in the office, Max makes a birthday wish for Fletcher to be unable to lie for one day, which immediately comes true.

Fletcher soon discovers, through a series of embarrassing incidents, that he is unable to lie, mislead, or withhold the truth in any way. Fletcher's inability to lie alienates him from both Miranda and his secretary Greta, get his car impounded when he confesses all of his traffic infractions and unpaid tickets to a policeman, and cause him an inability to bend the truth in court.

Fletcher's newest client is Samantha Cole, a gold digger who wants a net sum from her soon-to-be ex-husband, Richard Cole. The main witness, Kenneth Falk, with whom Samantha has been cheating, is eager to lie in court to win, but Fletcher cannot suborn perjury. Meanwhile, Audrey is planning to move to Boston with her fiancé, Jerry, and decides to take Max with them to protect him from any future disappointments that Fletcher may cause him.

Fletcher tries desperately to delay the case, even beating himself up in the bathroom, but is unable to lie his way into a continuance. Knowing that he cannot deny the proof of Samantha's adultery, he successfully disputes the validity of her prenuptial agreement after overhearing her reveal her actual age, he discovers that she signed it as a minor without parental consent. This entitles Samantha to 50% of Richard's marital assets, allowing Fletcher to win the case truthfully. However, Samantha also insists on contesting custody of their children for an extra $10,000 in monthly child support payments. A disheartened Fletcher, realizing that he corrupted Samantha with his lies, watches as she pulls her crying children out of Richard's arms. Horrified, Fletcher demands that the decision be reversed, but the judge holds him in contempt. Fletcher calls Audrey to bail him out, but she informs him that their plane leaves for Boston that night. Greta learns of this and, having realized that Fletcher turned over a new leaf, pays his bail.

Recognizing Max as his highest priority, Fletcher rushes to the airport, but Audrey and Max's plane has already left the gate. In desperation, he hijacks a mobile stairway to pursue the plane onto the runway. After throwing one of his shoes at the plane's windshield, he is able to get the plane to stop, but is injured after he crashes the mobile stairway and gets thrown off. On a stretcher, Fletcher vows to Max that he will spend more time with him. He says that despite the fact he is free to lie now that the 24 hours have elapsed, it feels better to be honest. Max believes him, and Audrey, encouraged by Jerry, decides to remain in California.

One year later, Fletcher and Audrey are celebrating Max's birthday. Max makes a birthday wish, only to find that Fletcher and Audrey are kissing when the lights come back on. Fletcher asks Max if he wished for them to get back together, but Max says he only wished for rollerblades. The family returns to normal as Fletcher chases Audrey and Max around the house with "the Claw", a game that Fletcher often plays with Max.

Cast
In addition to portraying Fletcher Reede, Carrey has a cameo appearance as Fire Marshall Bill at the end of the film, seeing to Reede's injuries after he crashes a mobile stairway, reprising his role from In Living Color. Liar Liar was the film debut of actress Sara Paxton, who played one of Max's classmates who attends his birthday party. It was also the last film to feature Don Keefer, who retired in 1997 before he died in 2014, and Jason Bernard, who died shortly after filming was completed. The film was dedicated in Bernard's memory.

Production
The original script treatment, written by Paul Guay and Stephen Mazur in 1994, revolved around a scummy real estate agent who lies to clients about houses, and it was written to be a potential vehicle for Steve Martin. It was later rewritten by an uncredited Judd Apatow to involve a lawyer, meant for a younger actor "no older than 35", such as Jim Carrey, Mike Myers, or Eddie Murphy. Myers turned it down to instead do Austin Powers: International Man of Mystery, while Carrey turned down the role of Dr. Evil in that film to instead do Liar Liar, on the condition that frequent collaborator and friend Tom Shadyac could direct. Meanwhile, Twister actor Cary Elwes was cast "by chance" when he ran into Carrey and Shadyac in Hollywood, California; when he asked what they were up to, Carrey responded with "we're about to make a new movie, you wanna be in it?" Elwes agreed on the spot without reading the script.

The film was shot from July 8 to October 16, 1996, in Los Angeles.

In an interview, Carrey said filming the film was very physically demanding on him, "because it was this constant suppression of angst, completely freaking out all the time. I would go home with total exhaustion". According to Carrey, over "a million feet" of film tape was wasted due to people uncontrollably laughing at Carrey's improvisation.

Box office
The film is the second of three Carrey/Shadyac collaborations, all of which did extremely well at the box office: the opening weekend made $31,423,025 in 2,845 theaters. It was the second-highest, three-day opener ever for Universal, only coming second to Jurassic Park. The film also surpassed Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles to have the largest March opening weekend. It would hold this record for five years until it was taken by Ice Age in 2002. At the time, Liar Liar had the second-highest opening weekend for an Imagine Entertainment film, behind Ransom. The film was ranked number one during its first weekend, beating both the Special Edition release of Return of the Jedi and Selena. It stayed at the top of the box office for a total of three weeks before being overtaken by Anaconda. By late April 1997, Liar Liar had already surpassed the Special Edition release of Star Wars to become the top-grossing film of the year. In North America, it made $181,410,615, and at the box office in other territories it made $121,300,000 for a total of $302,710,615.

In Denmark, Liar Liar earned $453,000 in its opening weekend, making it the third-highest opening for any Universal film in the country, after Twister and Jurassic Park.

Critical response
The film received positive reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, it has a rating of 83%, based on 63 reviews, with an average rating of 6.90/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Despite its thin plot, Liar Liar is elevated by Jim Carrey's exuberant brand of physical humor, and the result is a laugh riot that helped to broaden the comedian's appeal." On Metacritic, it has a score of 70 out of 100, based on 20 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave it an "A−" grade from an A+ to F scale.

Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film three out of four stars and stated, "I am gradually developing a suspicion, or perhaps it is a fear, that Jim Carrey is growing on me," as he had given negative reviews to his previous films Dumb and Dumber and Ace Ventura: Pet Detective.

Some critics noted similarities between the plot with that of an episode of The Twilight Zone entitled "The Whole Truth" where a used-car salesman comes into ownership of a car that is haunted and forces him to tell the truth so long as he owns it. In particular, one scene that bears a resemblance to an element used in Liar Liar is the part where the salesman's assistant asks for a raise, and he is compelled to come clean that there is no raise.

Year-end lists
American Film Institute recognition:
 * AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs – Nominated

Home media
The film was released for VHS and Laserdisc on September 30, 1997, by Universal Studios Home Video. The DVD was released on January 20, 1998, in full screen format. DTS Full Screen and Collector's Edition Widescreen versions were also released on DVD the following year. The Blu-ray with Multi-Format (including a Digital Copy and UltraViolet) was released on July 9, 2013. It was also released on the 1990s Best of the Decade Edition on Blu-ray and re-released on October 16, 2018. A new DVD was re-released on May 10, 2016, by Universal Pictures Home Entertainment. A remastered 25th Anniversary edition was released on Blu-ray through Shout! Factory on January 18, 2022.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Liar Liar


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Talk:Operators in C and C++

exponentiation operator?
came here looking for the exponentiation operator, did not find. Apparently there isn't one, so I shall do it with bit munging. A note here to the effect that one must use a function for exponentiation would improve the value of this page as a reference. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 108.16.83.48 (talk) 20:15, 27 January 2011 (UTC)

There is no exponentiation operator in c++ because ^ and the other usual ones are taken. One needs to use the function pow(BASE,EXPONENT). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 129.69.39.34 (talk) 09:46, 19 February 2014 (UTC)

Prototypes
The prototype column horribly esoteric. It needs its own explanation.

--

I agree that it's esoteric, but I don't think it needs explanation: the whole column needs to be removed completely. It's completely redundant.

I think its content is highly inappropriate for Wikipedia, and if you're looking for more useful information (like what the h-ll the operators actually mean), you'll end up using Google, anyway.

Similar to the comment below, I suggest that we replace the prototype column with another column that briefly describes what the operator actually does.

121.210.170.141 (talk) 06:40, 19 November 2009 (UTC)

The prototype column should be corrected, then it would be very usefull. For example, a prototype for an assignment operator that returns a type R!=T, where T is the type of the calling object is a wrong prototype. The build-in assignment operator returns a reference to the left-hand side operator, which has particular effects. Overloaded operators should implement an analogous interface. Therefore, it worths if the column prototypes describe the interface of the build-in operators. Actually, that was the approach of an older version of the page. Why it has changed? Actually, we are allowed to overload an operator with no restriction, eg. we can overload operator= as a void but such an approach would cause confusion to the application programmer who should cope with various behaviors of assignment operation — Preceding unsigned comment added by Lefteris.moussiades (talk • contribs) 18:20, 11 December 2012 (UTC)

Describe what they do
Hi. I wonder if it might be useful to describe what some of these operators do. I'm not familiar, for example, with the comma (',') operator, and it would be neat to know what it does.

Well, it is hard to put that stuff in the table, but I agree it would be nice to have links or something. For what it is worth though, the comma operator is not very important. The most common place it is used is in for statements, for ( ix=0, jx=0; ix < t; ix++ ){}. Do you see the comma? It means, "evaluate the expression to the left, now go on and evaluate the expression to the right". The final value is the value of the last expression (ignored in this very typical case). It is different than commas in function calls because, for one thing, terms there are evaluated right to left. Also note that, at least in this case, there is another way to write this without commas: jx=0; for (ix=0; ix < t; ix++){}. AJim 01:34, 16 May 2004 (UTC)

Separate C and C++?
Why have C and C++ operators been lumped into one article? It would be less confusing to have separate articles for each. Eric119 00:12, 1 May 2005 (UTC)

 * They're better than 95% congruent. Having separate articles would be inefficient.  Furthermore, placing them together emphasizes the close relationship between the two languages.

 * I agree, C++ is a superset of C. 67.161.46.169 09:42, 27 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Not quite, actually, but it's true operator-wise 68.238.86.68 21:50, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Not true. The distinction is made even greater by the introduction of the C99 standard. Denis Kasak 12:58, 11 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Is it true from the point of view of operators however? I don't remember C99 introducing any new operators.
 * C++ didn't take any operators away, and C99 didn't add any (check the article). 141.149.206.197 22:50, 11 June 2006 (UTC)

 * C++ can't be described as a superset of C unless it contains all of the features that C contains, and unless all C programs translate correctly under a C++ environment. The modulo operator provides an example of a C program translating incorrectly under a C++ environment. Plebbeh (talk) 00:00, 26 August 2011 (UTC)

 * Something needs to be done about the new and delete operators. First, new/delete definitely aren't in C. — Mobius 02:40, 30 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Right, that's why it says "no" under "in C?" --131.215.155.112 22:13, 31 August 2006 (UTC)

 * I agree, let's have different articles. Currently the article is quite a mess since C doesn't have the concept of operator overloading. If the article was split, both Overloadable and Prototype examples columns could be not included in the article about operators in C and we won't need Included in C column at all. If we had separate articles, it would be possible to better present the details of operators in each C and C++.1exec1 (talk) 21:14, 30 August 2011 (UTC)

 * I was just looking for the C operators and precedences. This combined page is an absurdity and downright user hostile. It's 90% of stuff I'm not interested in but have to wade through to find what I am looking for. Needle. Haystack. Puh-leaze make this two separate pages. Thank you! --80.246.32.33 (talk) 09:06, 17 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Agreed on separate articles. As a C programmer most of this is really hard to parse. 174.21.162.147 (talk) 02:47, 16 April 2015 (UTC)

order of operations
This page needs an order of operations. I'll probably put it on here. 67.161.46.169 09:42, 27 December 2005 (UTC)

I think this section needs to be moved to just before notes. It interferes with the first paragraph which is describing the tables following the order section. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.44.233.63 (talk) 07:04, 14 April 2008 (UTC)

Someone needs to add the ! operator to the precedence table. I'd love to know where it goes because I've odd behavior with it.Retep998 (talk) 04:58, 27 December 2010 (UTC)

Reference (prefix &) operator
Can the reference operator really be overloaded? I'm fairly sure it can't.... Not sure where to look, though. 68.238.86.68 21:50, 29 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes it can be overloaded (I just tried) Mrjeff 22:10, 29 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Wow. That's really weird.  68.238.86.68 22:59, 29 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Just in case you are curious, I went and had a look at why it can be overloaded. There are two main reasons. Firstly, there was a choice made that unless there is a good reason not to allow overloading an operator, all overloads would be allowed. Secondly, it could be useful if you have objects which taking a "normal reference" to might not make sense, but which you want to provide a "smart pointer" to. Mrjeff 23:11, 30 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Another use, is iterators as used in the STL.

Operators in other languages
I just removed this sentance:

Those operators that are in C are also in Java, Perl, C#, and PHP with the same precedence, associativity, and semantics.

From the article. I'm happy for something similar to go back in, but as it stands it is not true, as for example the comma operator, which is in C, is not in java or C#. Mrjeff 14:55, 4 June 2006 (UTC)

It's also the case that PHP's ?: operator has the "wrong" associativity. I don't think the article on C operators should really be making claims about other languages at all, but if it does it should be correct. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Amalloy (talk • contribs) 22:29, 18 August 2011 (UTC)

This article seems to be suffering the line of reasoning that "C is a programming language. C++ is a programming language. Thus, C and C++ are the same." (and all other programming languages are affected by this logic too). The issue with lumping C and C++ into the same article is that C++ diverged from C long before the standardisation if C. Once C was standardised, things started to change. If the editors can't understand that, then this article will always be of poor quality. 123.200.203.23 (talk) 01:02, 26 August 2011 (UTC)

C++ cast operators?
I don't know the answer to this question, but it seems like a useful thing to be in this article, if someone else knows. The C-style cast operator  is in the table, but what about the special C++ cast operators ,  ,  , and  ?
 * These are mentioned at the top of the page. I cannot see a good reason for them not to live in the table however, so they shouldn't probably be moved there. Feel free to do so :) Mrjeff 12:13, 22 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Don't forget, it's not official C++ but it's widely used with .Net productions and is important for .net optimization. I personally dislike .net very much but for completeness sake, it's used and recommended.Wiseguy12851 (talk) 20:36, 2 April 2010 (UTC)
 * This would be appropriate to mention in articles specific to w32 programming. ―AoV² 21:16, 2 April 2010 (UTC)

Scope operator
The scope operator in C++ is different from the other operators, I think. Even if it is mentioned as an operator in some parts of the C++ standard it does not behave like an operator but as an token (or name) joiner. I.e. you cannot put parentheses around to change the order of evaluation: if   is a valid expression,   has a different meaning (a C-style type cast) and   is a syntax error. What do you think, should we mention this special behavior of the "operator" ? --89.55.168.117 10:46, 21 July 2006 (UTC) (de:Benutzer:RokerHRO)

Label value operator
Recently, there was a revert to remove the Label Value Operator && from the list of C/C++ operators. While it is true that the operator is not at all standard ISO C/C++, it is a non-standard extension to some dialects, one of which is documented here. This raises the question of whether or not there should be a seperate table for operators sometimes seen as extensions to the language. I mean, such operators aren't C/C++, but they might still be of interest to some programmers. Maybe another page would be good? Extended operators? --Cgranade 08:04, 12 October 2006 (UTC)

Not many operators get added as extensions (slight changes in existing operator semantics are more common), so added a new subsection to the table. See how things develop. Derek farn 08:32, 12 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Sounds good, looks good. Think I'll make the name a link, though, since it isn't clear from the table what a label value operator is exactly.

I don't get this. Why include some non-standard operator that is not found in most compilers? There is already a standard label: statement (not operator) that should be compatible with all compilers. -Andrew flame him 23:53, 14 July 2007 (UTC)

Major Changes
A recent edit made a large number of changes to this article, none of which I feel contribute positively to its content. That's just my opinion, but I did revert them; here is my reasoning:

 * 1) The symbols,  , and   as used in the table do not just represent "valid values": depending upon context, they might be object names or lvalues, as well.
 * 2) The word "declaration" has two As and one E.
 * 3) The characters,  , and   should never be entered directly into HTML. Use the character entities instead:  ,  , and  , respectively.
 * 4) The models illustrating how to overload the operators make the table seem confusing and too technical.
 * 5) Similarly, the explanation of how to overload the operators is an implementation detail; it is not, in my opinion, the job of this article to explain how to overload each operator.

I'm not going to defend the article like a hawk, but I would like to see some discussion rather than a total reversion.—Kbolino 03:49, 22 February 2007 (UTC)

 * This is wiki-markup, you do not need to escape the chars. The reason I added the overload info was that I could not find an exhaustive list anywhere (I'm writing a code generator which infers operator overloads, on mathematic objects, of course). So, I painstakingly constructed one here, looking through many sources, guidelines to arrive at these.  Yes, it makes it look technical, but this is programming, after all.  True, people might not look to wikipedia for their programming reference, however, I've noticed more lately that language documentation is exceedingly crappy.  I'd like to have a place I can lookup such overloads.  For example, look at overloading postfix increment - is that crazy or what? Anyway, it'd be sacrificing my work, and valuable screen space that will just be blank.  I'm reverting back, though taking out the spelling errorMgsloan 07:16, 22 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I wrote a rather large reply, but I guess I shut off my computer before actually hitting "Save page". I will try to recollect my thoughts and reply again.—Kbolino 23:17, 24 February 2007 (UTC)

Associativity - inconsistency with linked article ("left-ro-right" vs. "left-associative")
The title says it all - in the article about associativity which is linked from this article, there are two terms defined: "left-associative" and "right-associative". But in this article, "left-ro-right" and "right-to-left" is used. That's inconsistent. I think that "left-to-right" probably corresponds to "left-associative" and the same for right, but thinking is not knowing. If so, maybe a middle-way correction could be good ("left-associative (left-to-right)"), since "left-to-right" is more intuitive name that "left-associative", so I think we should keep both namings. What do you think?

& and | are arithmetic operators
a & b == 7 means a & (b == 7)  , while a + b == 7 means (a + b) == 7. ......Does this mean the same thing?
 * No, the first does == first, the second does addition first. It's what operator precedence is all about. --King Mir (talk) 22:05, 12 January 2008 (UTC)

C and C++ Stringify operator
Are there any plans on adding the stringify operator (#)? Another operator to consider adding would be the token concatenation operator (##).

If so, how would they get added, especially considering they are only usable in macros?

Deterb (talk) 18:23, 7 December 2007 (UTC)

 * The stringify and token concatenation operators are not technically C or C++ operators -- they are preprocessor operators, and are dealt with in the article C preprocessor. I think it makes more sense to leave them there, rather than merging them here.  --Wayne Miller (talk) 18:01, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

Agreed, leave them in the preprocessor section. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Serendipity33 (talk • contribs) 06:15, 15 April 2008 (UTC)

Error in article
I would like to have it confirmed before I will edit and change this page.

so ...

statement e = ((a ? b : c) = d)

is not an error!

a?b:c returns reference to a or b. So we have lvalue.

Please confirm that I'm right or wrong

Varciasz (talk) 14:26, 31 January 2008 (UTC)

 * You are wrong in C and right in C++. Derek farn (talk) 14:40, 31 January 2008 (UTC)

It is NOT an error! Both in C as in C++. 'b' and 'c' are lvalues, so assignment is possible. There will be a "warning: use of conditional as lvalues is deprecated" in C and its meaning will be different than in C++, but it works! --Der schiefe Turm (talk) 17:04, 16 September 2009 (UTC)

 * What Derek said. In C, the result of a conditional expression (or ternary expression) is an rvalue even if both the second and third operand are lvalues. decltype (talk) 17:12, 16 September 2009 (UTC)

 * I have to insist: 'gcc (GCC) 3.4.6' compiles with the warning above!!! So if the ternary operator should expand to an rvalue, please show me where to find that in the standards. Anyway, I think this tiny detail only blurs the original message, so here is my proposal: If we change the sample code to "e = a ? b++ : b = d;", C compiler will stop with an error (postfix++ resolves to an rvalue). Plus: Now the code's goal is easier to understand: Either increment, or assign some value! I think there is nothing wrong with me rewriting the section, our discussion whether or not the current version results in an error does not conflict with the improvement. ;-) --Der schiefe Turm (talk) 15:08, 23 September 2009 (UTC)
 * It's a footnote in Section 6.5.15, as seen here. It's also highlighted in Annex C of the C++ Standard as one of the differences between C++ and C. decltype (talk) 15:27, 23 September 2009 (UTC)
 * THNX! --Der schiefe Turm (talk) 20:15, 23 September 2009 (UTC)

The explanation about parsing "e = a < d ? a++ : a = d" is incorrect. In C, it is not parsed as "(a < d ? a++ : a) = d" but just a syntax error; this is because the standard grammar for the assignment expression is

and the conditional expression cannot match to "unary-expression." Most compilers (especially with recursive-descent parsers) modify the grammar by replacing "unary-expression" with "conditional-expression" to avoid back-tracking or look-ahead or to handle errors gracefully, and thereof the syntactic error turns into a semantic one saying that the left operand of "=" or "op=" should be an lvalue. Which is why many people mistake the error for the semantic error. --Woong.jun (talk) 11:43, 15 March 2010 (UTC)

In C++, it is clearly incorrect to simply list ?: has having higher precedence than =. For example, the statement "1 ? a : b = 7;" does nothing, in clear violation of the table. Thus, the table should be changed at least to clearly state that the situation is more complex. Is it sufficient to say that ?: and assignment have the same precedence, and both associate right to left? GIrving (talk) 22:33, 10 September 2012 (UTC)

Adding links
This page needs more links. I will start by turning some words into links (without changing the content). —Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.44.233.63 (talk) 07:15, 14 April 2008 (UTC)

typeof
This is a pretty cool operator. I'm not sure if it's 'standard' or should be in the 'extensions' section, but it should be in the article. Also, I think the 'extensions' section should be expanded. The article shouldn't be 'noisy', but it should be a place where people can learn things about C++ they didn't previously know. (e.g., I had no idea about ->* or typeid). Oh, and 'throw' is missing from the table. I'd like to know if it's overloadable. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 207.38.195.47 (talk) 14:33, 7 May 2008 (UTC)

 * The keyword typeof is a non-standard extension to the C++ language. A similar feature will be provided by the decltype keyword in C++0x. The throw keyword is a standard part of the C++ language. That said, not all keywords are operators, and I am fairly certain that neither decltype nor throw would be considered to be operators. ← Michael Safyan (talk) 02:17, 8 May 2008 (UTC)
 * It's a bit confusing, but while decltype is not explicitly referred to as an operator in the WP, the term "decltype operator" is frequently used in the proposals. decltype (talk) 17:15, 16 September 2009 (UTC)

 * "throw" behaves as any other operator, except that it returns void type. The conditional operator has a special case for one operand being a throw-expression, such that "false? 3 : throw xyz" is an expression of type int that never completes evaluation. Potatoswatter (talk) 09:43, 15 June 2010 (UTC)

 * throw can't be considered as operator, it is used in the precedence list just to mention the precedence compared with the other operators. Basic defenition of operator is, it should operate on operand. throw or return, neither way doing this as compared with other operator, both of them wouldn't be considered as operator —Preceding unsigned comment added by Srini.ms (talk • contribs) 16:52, 28 November 2010 (UTC)

>? and <? operators
operators >? and >? doesn't exist in gcc anymore. (since gcc 4)

Precedence of type casting in plain C
The section 6.5.4 "Cast operators" in the WG14 N1124 draft stands after the unary operators section 6.5.3. According to a comment to the 6.5 "Expressions" chapter, this makes casting a lower precedence operator than unary operators. But I understand that there is no way to write a test for this as both cast and unary kinds apply to one operand and thus cannot be interpreted differently. --ilgiz (talk) 01:20, 29 January 2009 (UTC)

"this"
I see that once again "this" has been removed. Even if technically not an operator, I think it should be here somehow, because I think many will try to find it here. At least could we have a discussion about it instead of an edit war. SimonTrew (talk) 17:34, 27 February 2009 (UTC)
 * Yes, I considered adding a comment on the talk page. But I felt that my edit comment would be enough to settle the issue: removed "this" from the table, per [class.this]/1 of the standard. this is not an operator, so I think it's just confusing to have it in a list of operators. Possibly a mention at the bottom of the article, but not in the actual table. Just my 5c. decltype 19:06, 27 February 2009 (UTC)

 * Yeah I was kinda thinking the same myself. But actually I am coming round to your opinion and wonder if it is justified at all in this article, it's not difficult to search for. I'm just quite a fan of making cross-references, I think that is part of what gives Wikipedia its value. SimonTrew (talk) 06:57, 28 February 2009 (UTC)

So? If "this" is not an operator, what is it then? Akilaa (talk) 08:33, 15 June 2010 (UTC)

 * See §5.1. "this" is a primary-expression. As such, it behaves like a literal. Operators typically operate on things. What's the difference between a nullary operator and an identifier? You could argue that every keyword is an operator. "static" operates on declarations, for example. Potatoswatter (talk) 09:39, 15 June 2010 (UTC)

Pre- and postfix ++/--
The article sais that the postfix ++ operator is performed last; This should be: it is performed before returning a value, but the returned value is the old (unincremented) one. Can anyone change this? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 132.229.16.187 (talk • contribs) 12:35, 8 May 2009 (UTC)

 * The actual time when the increment happens is unspecified (as long as it is between the appropriate sequence points). Eric119 (talk) 16:04, 8 May 2009 (UTC)

Placement new and delete operators?
Should C++'s placement new and placement delete operators also go in the table?

Darthmarth37 (talk) 04:58, 1 November 2009 (UTC)

 * A link in the table would be enough (or a * link to below the table), but I doubt it's appropriate to emphasize it too much. Wikipedia isn't a tutorial (and much is missing from this page already - covering everything would be impossible).

 * Also, the standard "placement" new/delete operators are are in #include, and not redefinable, so they're basically just regular overloads of new/delete (new can take as many args as you want).

 * If you think it's that important, add it unobtrusively to the table.

 * 121.210.170.141 (talk) 07:30, 19 November 2009 (UTC)

bitwise right shift
I spent 2 hours trying to find out what a bitwise left shift did. Your "Prototype examples" are not much help to anyone trying to learn anything. I finally found out that (a<<2)   shifts all bits two units to the left. I strongly suggest you include examples.

It seems people trying to teach something frequently wind up bragging about all they know. They throw in everything including the kitchen sink. They feel very superior but they teach nothing and completely confuse the person learning. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Arydberg (talk • contribs) 16:18, 20 November 2009 (UTC)

 * Just like any other encyclopedia, Wikipedia is not a tutorial or an introduction.
 * Besides that, we could easily see someone making a complaint in the same vein about what 'bit shifting'/etc means if more inscrutable information were included.
 * More examples are inappropriate, in my opinion, but a link in "Operator name" column would be more than useful (this page is retarded in that way and others...).
 * There have been comments suggesting that this page should be a complete and informative source [for programmers]. I don't think this is what Wikipedia is about, but do think a community contributed reference table of operators would be nice (since, as mentioned, most online resources clearly fail in one way or another). This information could appropriately be placed in one of the wiki-books (if it hasn't been already) and [clearly] linked to from this article.
 * 121.210.170.141 (talk) 12:22, 21 November 2009 (UTC)

Next Major Change and Re-Uniformity
There needs to be a lot of cleanup done in the operators table, this has been discussed countless times but is an important article and is highly useful for reference and we've been cleaning it up for about 2 or more years. The problem we are having is the information it shows in the table is useful but complicated and not well explained, yet there's no room for any more than what's there now without making it look messy.

The solution is simple, we have to bite the rock and finish creating the wiki pages for the rest of the operators, For wiki pages where multiple operators can fall on one then the links can point to anchors in those pages. The pages can have the table row at the top with a more detailed explanation plus full information on that particular operator. Even though these are separate wiki pages it would help if they followed a template of some sort for uniform and so people will know where to find the information they need no matter what operator they look at.

After that then we can simplify the table down on the operators page safely knowing that there's a nice link to all the information they want about that operator.

It's really taking a very long time to accomplish something that should be much shorter, and these pages are not old or losing popularity. I would love to devote several hours a day of my time on this but my proposal is pretty major and I'd rather not do that and all get reverted, but I do propose finishing, uniforming, and making the needed changes / improvements within a much faster pace.

If anyone wants to do certain things differently than one or more of the above points, please reply. I'm hoping to get started within 7 days and finish within 14 - 30 days after start.Wiseguy12851 (talk) 21:10, 3 April 2010 (UTC)

 * Which stage are you at right now? I have one change I want to do or to see done to the page, and that's all the templates (declaration examples).  Today we have:
 * This is paedagogically inconsistent. It should either be
 * or
 * Otherwise we are leading the reader to think that the return type of an operator is necessarily one of the argument types, or even the left hand side operator, or possibly the declaring type. And each of that is plain wrong in both of C (built-in operators) and C++.Lalaith (talk) 18:14, 14 May 2010 (UTC)
 * or
 * Otherwise we are leading the reader to think that the return type of an operator is necessarily one of the argument types, or even the left hand side operator, or possibly the declaring type. And each of that is plain wrong in both of C (built-in operators) and C++.Lalaith (talk) 18:14, 14 May 2010 (UTC)
 * Otherwise we are leading the reader to think that the return type of an operator is necessarily one of the argument types, or even the left hand side operator, or possibly the declaring type. And each of that is plain wrong in both of C (built-in operators) and C++.Lalaith (talk) 18:14, 14 May 2010 (UTC)

 * Perhaps only "T1" should be used, in the scope specifier, and otherwise simply "T" or "type." ᛭ LokiClock (talk) 03:54, 15 May 2010 (UTC)
 * Done. The last section has some remaining problems with denoting types that I wasn't sure how to approach. Some are hinted in inline comments. Lalaith (talk) 20:41, 21 May 2010 (UTC)

Get rid of Overloadable column for those all-yes
It's much more efficient simply to say, "all arithmetic operators [e.g.] are overloadable." The advantage of consistency of content from table to table is not enough to make up for the costs in terms of: table code complexity; information redundancy; filesize. ᛭ LokiClock (talk) 21:17, 20 April 2010 (UTC)
 * This reflects the fact that the operators previously were all in one continuous table. I only split them apart on account of the ==section headings==, as while making other additions I realized a section which starts mid-table cannot provide a meaningful edit preview. I might re-write all of this from scratch in a week or two but I’m busy at the moment. For one, I’d like to reduce the width of the “yes”/“no” cells, combine the member vs. global operator prototypes into one cell, among other things. I’d also like to discuss common overloading paradigms but perhaps a separate article would be appropriate for that. ―AoV² 22:35, 20 April 2010 (UTC)
 * ..So, it's okay to remove the column, right? And for "included in C"? ᛭ LokiClock (talk) 03:59, 15 May 2010 (UTC)

 * Even after 10 years, I'd favour to remove redundant "all yes" columns and replace them by a small text between sub-heading and table, as suggested by User:LokiClock. --RokerHRO (talk) 20:56, 5 February 2021 (UTC)

Overload prototypes
There's no indication of what the type "R" means. OrangeDog  (τ • ε) 10:33, 23 June 2010 (UTC)

Compound literals missing
Compound literals are classified as "postfix operators" in C (ISO/IEC 9899:1990 §6.3.2.5, ISO 9899:1999 §6.5.2.5). They are not included in C++, and they are missing from this article as far as I can see. For those who haven't encountered them, an example of a compound literal, straight from the C90 standard:, or read DrDobbs for more details. Note that it has nothing to do with type casting. How about a passing mention? --Cubbi (talk) 03:35, 20 September 2010 (UTC)

http://www.bitwise.iitkgp.ernet.in/enigma_thegame/qpics/a1.jpg

these are the combination of operators (Operators in C and C++).can u identify these in separately. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 218.248.64.207 (talk) 03:34, 30 January 2011 (UTC)

Array allocation in C
An array allocation form is missing for C. C99 allows for arrays to be declared at runtime with a varable instead of at compile with a constant. The syntax is type label[count].

For example:

Alignment operators
C11 defines an alignment operator. I have read about something similar in C++11, although I can't find anyone that actually references the ISO/IEC 14882:2011 document. If anyone know the standards better than I, then please add information about it. Caesar (talk) 08:05, 7 February 2012 (UTC)

 * Answering myself, the aligment operator of C++ is, according to chapter 3.11, "Alignment", of ISO/IEC 14882:2011. That is also the name of the macro included in the C header  . Caesar (talk) 22:19, 7 February 2012 (UTC)

Non-reference return types
Unless I'm wrong, there's something amiss with the return types of most overloaded binary operators as shown on the page. They return values, not references, but use reference arguments (right hand operands). This means that in their current state as shown on the page, they cannot be used in right-to-left algebraic expressions (e.g.: a + (b + c) will trigger a compiler error, unless (b + c) is stored in a variable first and used as such).--Printz150 (talk) 18:58, 25 February 2012 (UTC)

 * No. Since binary operator always returns a result without changing one of the operands, this result is saved and returned via temp variable. Since you cannot return reference to temp variable :you should do it by value — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2.94.232.187 (talk) 16:08, 9 November 2012 (UTC)

User-defined literals
What about this one ? (New in C++11) Declaration is like : int operator"" _stuff ( int val);

And use would be : int x = 36_stuff; Doom Oo7 (talk) 09:27, 23 August 2013 (UTC)

const-correctness
As noted above, this page is a heavily used reference.

Some time ago someone removed all const-correctness from the prototype references. Why was that? Can we get it back? Because unless something fundamental changed about C++ recently it is technically deficient now. (And trying to fix const errors when people are overloading operators for the first time is frustrating enough already on C++ forums without them coming to Wikipedia and finding contradictory information.)

Duoas (talk) 22:06, 6 May 2014 (UTC)

Wrong operator precedence with ternary- and assign-operator
The precedence table says that the ternary-operator has higher precedence than the assign-operator, so "a ? b : c = 1" should be evaluated like "(a ? b : c) = 1". In reality it is evaluated like "a ? b : (c = 1)". So the precedence table looks wrong. See: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7499400/ternary-conditional-and-assignment-operator-precedence and http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/operator_precedence — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2.244.33.171 (talk) 20:36, 15 June 2015 (UTC)
 * Done. ZBalling (talk) 09:21, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

Include uses of operators
I searched through this article but found that there was no column for the usage and the logical purpose of these operators. Maybe I will include them in a new column.Debanshu.Das (talk) 04:55, 4 August 2020 (UTC)
 * No, there is no place for that. 109.252.94.59 (talk) 02:38, 16 January 2021 (UTC)

I'd remove the scope resolution "operator"
Albeit it might look like an operator, and many other sources list it as operator, it is not an operator, because it does not combine two arbitrary expressions to create a new one. Instead it combines two names or identifiers to form a new (function, type or variable) name. So it works completely on another level at compile-time only.

And, of course, as a name-building token it has no "associativity", because a name  cannot be written neither as   – that would be a C-style typecast – nor as   – that would be a syntax error. --RokerHRO (talk) 21:04, 5 February 2021 (UTC)

Should the increment/decrement operators be considered assignment operators?
Given that

changes the objects internal value and is equivalent to

for numerical objects, shouldn't the increment/decrement operators be considered assignment operators? 80.62.116.42 (talk) 07:45, 17 October 2022 (UTC)

Remove trigraphs
Why mention ??!=  along with |=  or ??( along with < ?  These ??-trigraphs are meant to represent characters such as | and < when they are not available in the code page of the hardware. This replacement is ALWAYS done by the preprocessor, not just in operators. -- Wassermaus (talk) 22:32, 26 October 2023 (UTC)

 * At first, this article only mentioned the alternative keyword representations (like ). So, for consistency, I added digraphs since they were added to the standards at the same time and for the same reason. However, adding digraphs but not trigraphs also seemed inconsistent since they can both be used to represent the operators.   and   mean exactly the same thing despite the former being just   after the preprocessor and the latter using alternartive tokens with the same meaning. To a programmer using them it's a distinction without a difference. In addition,   is implemented as a keyword in C++ and as a macro in C. So, I argue that there is precedent to adding preprocessor substitutions to the list. And lastly, as you correctly said, trigraphs can also appear outside operators. However, that's also true for the keywords since in e.g. the declaration   the   is not an operator. Nickps (talk) 09:25, 27 October 2023 (UTC)
 * After noticing that I still missed some digraphs and trigraphs on the conversion operators i.e. and   plus the ones with , I realised the whole thing is pointless and removed all alternative spellings. If anyone disagrees they are free to revert but I don't think it's worth it. My argument above still stands which is why I also removed the operator synonyms like  . Nickps (talk) 22:54, 8 May 2024 (UTC)

Is an operator?
The C23 standard adds the operators  and   and refers to them as operators by name (ISO/IEC 9899/2023 6.7.2.5 Typeof specifiers says: "The typeof and typeof_unqual tokens are collectively called the typeof operators.") While neither operator is in C++ yet, they will almost certainly be added to C++26 for compatibility and the proposal that does so, p2958, groups them together with , which makes sense. However, I can't find any source that refers to  as an "operator". In the decltype page one of the references is called decltype operator, but that name has since been changed to "decltype Type Specifier". (EDIT: Some examples of the phrase "decltype operator" I found:  and the original paper that proposed it. I think the fact that the people who defined decltype in the first place called it an operator is enough to settle the question, but I'll leave this here in case someone disagrees. --19:42, 30 October 2023 (UTC))

So, the question is: Should  be added to the list of operators? My opinion is that it should, since it does basically the same thing as the typeof operators, so I will be adding it to the page for consistency, but feel free to revert if you can come up with a good counterargument. Nickps (talk) 18:07, 30 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Operators in C and C++


text:
Young America

Young America may refer to:

United States

 * Young America, Indiana
 * Young America, Wisconsin
 * Norwood Young America, Minnesota
 * Young America Township, Carver County, Minnesota
 * Young America Township, Edgar County, Illinois
 * Young America Lake, a lake in Minnesota

Media

 * Young America (1897 film), a short film
 * Young America (1932 film), starring Spencer Tracy
 * Young America (1942 film), starring Jane Withers
 * Young America (1918 film), starring Madelyn Clare
 * Young America (magazine)
 * The Sound of Young America, now called Bullseye with Jesse Thorn, a public radio program

Politics

 * Young America movement, a political and cultural movement in the U.S. during the mid-nineteenth century
 * Young America's Foundation, a 20th-century conservative group
 * Young Americans for Freedom, a similarly named organization

Other

 * Young America Corporation, an engagement and promotional marketing company
 * Young America (clipper), an 1853 clipper ship built by William Henry Webb
 * Young America (1994 yacht) (USA–36), an America's Cup yacht sailed by Dennis Conner's team in the 1995 America's Cup
 * Young America (1999 Farr yacht) (USA–53), an America's Cup yacht designed by Bruce Farr sailed in the 2000 Louis Vuitton Cup in Auckland, New Zealand
 * Young America (1999 MacLane yacht) (USA–58), an America's Cup yacht designed by Bruce MacLane sailed in the 2000 Louis Vuitton Cup in Auckland, New Zealand

title: Young America


text:
WSNY

WSNY (94.7 FM) is a commercial radio station in Columbus, Ohio. It airs an adult contemporary radio format and is owned by Saga Communications, operating as part of its Columbus Radio Group. From mid-November until the Christmas holidays, WSNY switches to Christmas music. CBS Network affiliate WBNS-TV meteorologists supply WSNY with weather reports. The studios and offices are on Carriage Hill Lane in Columbus.

WSNY has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 22,000 watts and can be heard throughout Central Ohio. The transmitter site is northwest of Downtown Columbus off Twin Rivers Drive near Interstate 670. WSNY broadcasts in the HD Radio hybrid format.

History

On November 11, 1948, the station first signed on as WVKO. Initially, it was a stand-alone FM station, not associated with any AM or TV station. It was owned by Skyway Broadcasting and had studios on South 3rd Street. It added a sister station in 1951, WVKO (1580 AM, now WXGT). Most of its early days, WVKO-AM-FM served Columbus' black community, with R&B music.

The station began broadcasting a soft adult contemporary format on August 6, 1982, when DJ Chuck Martin played The Beatles, "Here Comes the Sun" as the first song to launch "Sunny 95." It acquired the call sign WSNY to go with its Sunny branding.

Tom Collins, who consulted several Josephson International stations, was the Program Director who launched the new AC format for WSNY. The new jock lineup included long time Columbus radio personality Chuck Martin (from WVKO and WCOL) as morning host and Bob Simpson in afternoon drive time.

Other notable personalities in the early "Sunny 95" days include Bob Lewis, Bob Nunnally, Tony Michaels and Perry Joos. Within the first year, legendary urban programmer Harry Lyles replaced Tom Collins as station Program Director. General Manager Steve Joos introduced computerized music research and an effective listener focus group program.

From the late 1990s through the 2010s, Dino Tripodis and Stacy McKay were the morning team, hosting "Sunny in the Morning with Dino & Stacy" for more than 20 years. In June 2018, Tripodis announced his departure from the station after 24 years on-air at WSNY. However, Tripodis returned to WSNY in July 2021 after a three-year hiatus to co-host with McKay in mornings. Both left in April 2024 and a new show debuted in place Their current show is known as "Randi & Rice."

title: WSNY


text:
Young Harris

Young Loftin Gerdine Harris (1812 – April 28, 1894) was an American lawyer, businessman, politician, judge, and philanthropist. He is best known as the early benefactor of Young Harris College in the U.S. state of Georgia, after whom the school was named.

Biography
Harris was born in Elbert County, Georgia, in the middle of Walton Harris and Virginia Beverly Billup's 8 children. His exact birthday is unknown, and it was not included on his headstone. Primary education was obtained in the common schools, then he attended the University of Georgia.

Harris was admitted to the Georgia Bar in 1834 and began his law practice in Elberton, Georgia, where he was quite successful and represented Elbert County in the state legislature. He and his wife moved to Athens in 1840. He became well known and was elected to the Georgia House of Representatives from Clarke County in 1841 and from 1847 to 1852. He was also a delegate to the 1865 convention that drafted the 1868 Constitution of Georgia. Harris was appointed as judge of the Inferior Court of Athens In 1850, Harris owned seventeen slaves in Athens, Georgia. Harris was one of a group of Athens businessmen who founded the profitable Southern Mutual Fire Insurance Company in 1847. He was initially named Secretary and Principal Director where he proved his financial skill by smart management of the company's assets. Harris was company president from 1866 until his death, and the business became one of the largest in the southeast United States. Susan Bevel Allen, whose family worked a plantation, married Harris in 1835. The couple had no children. She died on May 18, 1888, at age 70 after 53 years together.

Death and afterward
In the spring of 1893, Harris suffered a serious illness from which he never completely recovered. He died in 1894 and was buried at Oconee Hill Cemetery in Athens. His funeral was well attended, indicating the respect and admiration he had earned.

On January 3, 1909, 112 members founded a new church in Athens. Land was donated by the Reverend Joe Dunaway, with the stipulation that it be named in honor of Judge Young L. G. Harris, who had provided friendship and assistance to Dunaway during his college years. The Young Harris Memorial United Methodist Church of Athens celebrated their centennial in 2009.

Philanthropy
When Harris and his wife joined the First Methodist Church of Athens, it changed their lives and the lives of countless others who benefited from their generosity. Harris became a devout member, served as church superintendent for many years, and supported Methodism throughout the state. His income from Southern Mutual, legal work and judge's salary was substantial, exceeding $10,000 per year. That would be equivalent to $2.29 million today, using the nominal GDP per capita formula. He used his wealth to make numerous contributions to small churches, helped build minister's homes, and supported the Young Men's Christian Association.

Harris served as a member of the Board of Trustees for Emory College, and donated two buildings: the Marvin Dormitory and the President's Home.

The Harris-Allen Library was established at Elberton, Georgia in his wife's honor with a gift of $6,000, $1.38 million in 2010 dollars.

Young Harris College
In 1886, Circuit-riding Methodist minister Artemas Lester started a school at the small community of McTyeire, Georgia, named after Bishop Holland McTyeire. The goal of the McTyeire Institute was to provide rural Appalachian Mountain children in north Georgia with an opportunity for an education. Lester wrote to Judge Harris, asking for a $100 loan, which was promptly granted. Zell Miller, Young Harris' most famous native, wrote a history of the school and town. He commented, "Young L. G. Harris was a big Methodist church member and didn't have time to come and look at this school in the Brasstown valley, so he sent his associate, a Mr. Thomas, who looked it over and liked the idea." After hearing positive things about the school, Harris resolved to increase his support of the institution. Harris funded the construction of the campus for $20,000, ($4.27 million in 2010 dollars) then continued to contribute several thousand dollars each year.

The school's name was changed in 1888 from McTyeire Institute to Young Harris Institute in honor of his strong financial support. Within the next three years it was changed again, to Young L. G. Harris College, and the United States Post Office Department was petitioned to change the name of the community as well. The initials were dropped over time to simply, Young Harris College. In 1892, a few years after the death of his wife, he donated $4,000 (worth $762,000 today). to construct the Susan B. Harris Chapel on the McTyeire campus in her memory. The brick structure contains a bell tower and was home to the local Methodist congregation until a new facility was built in 1949. It is the oldest building on the YHC campus and was most recently renovated in 2009. As of 2011, the structure was used for vespers, lectures, concerts and homecoming.

Provision for the school was included in Harris' will, even though he never saw the campus. However, dozens of family members contested the will, which was finally settled by the Supreme Court of Georgia in 1897 when the college received $16,000 of the $100,000 estate.

Arguably Harris' most lasting and significant achievement were his donations to McTiere Institute. An article in the Athens newspaper on May 1, 1894, stated:

"Gifts to the school by Judge Harris, at times when they were most needed, established an institution that has shed abroad the light of religion and education and has given to the State of Georgia and to the world a priceless heritage of education and refinement nowhere exceeded. From the halls of Young Harris College, scores of youths have gone forth blessing his name, and their lives have brought honor to their state and country."

Young Harris College is highly regarded in Georgia and has had more of an impact on the state's politics and society than would be expected from a small school in the mountains. Over the last 100+ years, many students have chosen careers in public service; the ministry and teaching have been traditional vocations, but some chose politics. One U.S. Senator, two governors, a number of congressmen, state legislators and mayors all started out at YHC.

Philosophical views
Young Harris did not talk about his charitable contributions because he was too modest. Even his close friends were not aware of the extent of his generosity. It was said "that little children delighted to crowd around him and hear from him the wondrous story of our Lord". The author of Harris' obituary in the Athens Weekly Banner quoted Harris just before he died: "I do not think the deeds of a man are near as important in a religious sense as those things he omits to do; and yet a man ought to feel thankful if it can be said of him after death, 'Here lies a blameless man'."

Monument
A provision of Harris' will requested that a monument be erected at his burial vault, costing between $1,500 and $2,000. Biographer Paul Paschal questioned why a modest man who lived simply and donated most of his income would request such an expensive and ornate decoration. The intricately carved figures of three robed women are mounted on top of the tomb. Close inspection identifies symbols, which reveal the figures to be the three Saints, Faith, Hope and Charity or the three Theological virtues.

The monument appears to be a message to those who visit his final resting place. They represent the principles that guided Harris' life, and he viewed them as the meaning of life.

title: Young Harris


text:
Talk:WSNY

Untitled
Radiojon, please move this article to WSNY-FM. 66.32.156.73 01:15, 16 May 2004 (UTC)

title: Talk:WSNY


text:
Yuba

Yuba may refer to:

Places

 * Yuba City, California
 * Yuba County, California
 * North Yuba AVA, California wine region in Yuba County
 * Yuba River, a major river in California
 * Yuba State Park, in Utah
 * Yuba, Michigan
 * Yuba, Wisconsin
 * Yuba, a village in Shawo Township, Echeng District, Ezhou, Hubei

Other

 * Yuba (food), one of the names of tofu skin, an East Asian food made from soybeans
 * YUBA Liga, the premier basketball league of Serbia and Montenegro (named after Yugoslavia)
 * Yuba College, the main campus for the Yuba Community College District in Marysville, California, United States
 * Yuba Airport, Grand Traverse County, Michigan, United States
 * Yuba County Airport, Yuba County, California, United States
 * Yuba, fictional town in the manga One Piece

title: Yuba


text:
Humlebæk

Humlebæk is a town within the municipality of Fredensborg in North Zealand in Denmark, approximately 35 km north of Copenhagen. Humlebæk is located at the shore to Øresund and has a population of 9,861 (2024).

The Louisiana Museum of Modern Art is located in Humlebæk.

History
The history of Humlebæk traces back to the 16th century where the urbarium for Kronborg and Frederiksborg fief mentions a fishing village in 1582–1583 with seven fishermen in the settlement.

On 24 July 1700 (O.S.) Swedish forces invaded Denmark at the landing at Humlebæk during the Great Northern War.

In 1740 the inn Humlebæk Kro received royal privilege and in 1792 a school was established.

The dominating property was Krogerup. Krogerup was originally a farm house mentioned the first time in 1577 but over time the property was expanded because of privileges given to the owners of Krogerup as rewards for loyalty to the King during the wars against Sweden. A manor house was built at Krogerup from 1772 to 1777. Krogerup was acquired by the Danish government in 1942 and the land distributed as part of land reforms.

During the Battle of Copenhagen in 1807 the construction of a fortified harbour in Humlebæk was initiated. The harbour was intended to be base of privateer warships and gunboats. The fortified harbour was never finished as the war against the British ended before the finalisation of the constructions. A few years later, in 1810, Humlebæk Harbour was established.

During the second half of the 19th century Humlebæk became a popular resort for the population of Copenhagen during summertime. The Danish steamship company Det Forenede Dampskibs-Selskab (The United Steamship Company) opened a ferry line with steamboats sailing up along the coast of Øresund from Copenhagen with a stop in Humlebæk.

In 1897 the rail line "The Coast Line" from Copenhagen to Helsingør was opened. The railway line had a stop in the newly established Humlebæk Station. The opening resulted in a major boost of Humlebæk and its surroundings. The train station was placed a bit outside the old village of Humlebæk, the fishing village Sletten and the nearby village Toelt. Over time the different settlements grew together. A new settlement grew from the train station to the coast (New Humlebæk, south of the Old Humlebæk next to Humlebæk Harbour). Until 1950 the three areas Humlebæk (New Humlebæk and the Old Humlebæk at the coast), Sletten and Torpen were considered separate settlements.

The development of the population of the three settlements appears from below

The old villages Dageløkke, Torpen (Upper Torp and Lower Torp), Toelt, Nybo are today considered part of Humlebæk.

Trains and buses
Humlebæk has train connections to Copenhagen and Helsingør by Humlebæk Station at The Coast Line. Trains depart every 20 minutes in each direction. In rush hours trains are more frequent. The trains are part of the Øresundståg-system and the trains for Copenhagen continues to Copenhagen Airport and to Sweden.

Bus no. 388 in a north–south route between Helsingør and Lyngby station has several stops in Humlebæk at road no. 152 (Strandvejen). Bus no. 353 runs north–south further inland between Helsingør and Kokkedal station. It passes the western part of Humlebæk on Hørsholmvej. Bus no. 370 in an east–west route connects Humlebæk with Fredensborg.

Harbours
At the coast to Øresund, Humlebæk has two harbours, Humlebæk Harbour and Sletten Harbour. The harbours are primarily marinas but a few minor fishing boats are based in the harbours. Sletten Harbour has previously had ferry connections to Helsingborg in Sweden and to the island Ven in the middle of Øresund.

Culture and education
In 1938 a cinema Humle Bio opened in Humlebæk. The cinema is still active.

Humlebæk is home of Louisiana Museum of Modern Art. The museum opened in 1958 and has today approximately 600,000 yearly visitors. In 2018 Louisiana was number 7 on the list of most visited tourist attractions in Denmark.

Humlebæk has three primary schools, Langebjergskolen, Humlebæk Skole, and Humlebæk Lille Skole. A fourth school Baunebjergskolen was merged with Humlebæk Skole in 2011 but still uses the old buildings. A folk high school, Krogerup Højskole, is today located at Krogerup.

Economy
The shopping mall Humlebæk Center opened just west of the station in 1977. There are also shops on Strandvejen a little east of the station. The multinational health care company Coloplast has its headquarters in west Humlebæk. Many small companies are located in the nearby industrial quarter on Bakkegårdsvej.

Notable people

 * Ole Kielberg (1911 in Humlebæk – 1985) a Danish painter who joined the Odsherred Painters
 * Carl Nielsen (1865–1931) wrote the first movement of his Symphony No. 5 in Humlebæk in the winter and spring of 1921
 * Niels Peter Louis-Hansen (born 1947) a Danish billionaire businessman, lives in Humlebæk
 * Poul Erik Tøjner (born 1959) director of the Louisiana Museum of Modern Art in Humlebæk
 * Mette Thomsen (born 1970 in Humlebæk) a Danish novelist, belonging to the culture of "zappers"

title: Humlebæk


text:
Talk:OS-tan

Archive
Parts of this page have been archived in order to make viewing this page more manageable. If you are about to pose a question here, please check the archives first to see if it has already been asked. If you wish to read the archives, please follow these links:
 * Archive: 1 | 2

Fair use rationale for Image:Ostan98-mechbox.png
Image:Ostan98-mechbox.png is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 05:39, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

External link does not work
The link for trouble windows translations leads to a working page, however all sections lead to server errors. Delete the link? anger2headshot 02:21, 14 July 2007 (UTC)

xp-tan animation
I would add this to the article, but it's of unknown origin, perhaps someone knows more?

http://stage6.divx.com/user/Corne/video/1065260/hentai

[not hentai in the least, btw]02:04, 26 August 2007 (UTC)

Group image caption
The caption of the group picture does not match the caption given when you click on the picture. Aside from variations (they should be merged into something better than either), they are inconsistent. I do not know enough about the subject to correct them. Would someone please fix them? --64.186.168.178 23:40, 30 August 2007 (UTC)

"Other"-tans
What about those? There exists one for Wiki and Firefox. KyuuA4 16:09, 17 October 2007 (UTC)
 * There are lots of OS-tans that are not included in this article. The list was in fact once much longer, but it was shortened because too much of it was original research and unverifiable.  The ones listed in the article are the most notable and verifiable.  Its difficult to add more because there are really no official source for os-tans, and depictions vary greatly from artist to artist, especially for os-tans outside the Windows family.  But, the list doesn't really need to be exhaustive, and probably shouldn't be since most wouldn't be notable enough.  The list we have now serves to give specific examples, and thats all it really needs to do.  Additionally, there is already a wiki for os-tans, so it can provide readers with whatever this article may lack, and contributions to that wiki need not be bound by Wikipedia's standards.Nimrand 01:39, 18 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Let's add these to the See Also section.

archive old talk discussion
Hi, this page is too long please archive any old discussion threads. Benjiboi 02:21, 15 November 2007 (UTC)

Newly added OS-tans
Three new OS-tans were just added. Is there concensus that these three should be included? We had an extensive discussion about this not that long ago and a lot of the OS-tans were deleted. I just don't want people to keep adding to it indefinately. -- Nimrand (talk) 18:38, 16 November 2007 (UTC)

tan descriptions a bundle of OR
There is a lot of opinion expressed in these descriptions. A lot of editor opinions about what usually is done with them, a lot of subjective statements about how they're drawn, etc without any citation. Looking at a few pictures of each one and making a judgment call about what is usual, common, or why something is drawn a certain way is blatant original research.--Crossmr (talk) 02:43, 21 February 2008 (UTC)
 * I suggest that we remove all the content in the examples section, and replace it with specific examples of published OS-tan drawings, and discuss details about only those examples (not how various os-tans are drawn in general). Unless we can find a suitable reference (which probably only exists in Japanese, if at all), its seems to be the only way to fix the OR issue.  Also, I would suggest reducing the size of the list.  Four should be enough, two example windows os-tans (which seem to be the most common), and one example os-tan for each of Linux and Mac.Nimrand (talk) 01:24, 8 March 2008 (UTC)
 * The entire article needs to be removed, and I can't believe how many editors are completely blind to that. We still have all this time and we can't find a reliable source about them to establish notability. Any other article and it would have been gone a long time ago. Frankly this is kind of embarrassing for an encyclopedia that tries to hold itself to some standards and yet we hold on to some tired internet meme for which there aren't any sources.--Crossmr (talk) 10:56, 14 September 2008 (UTC)
 * Personally, I think this kind of article BELONGS on Wikipedia, otherwise people like myself would have to scour the less reputable internet sites in order to figure out what people were talking about. I mean, seriously, don't you guys realize that Wikipedia is expected to have information on everything? I realize that may not be quite what it was originally intended to be, but for better or for worse, this place IS the first go to for many things. Sadly, not all of which are actually here because of people saying it isn't worthy of having entries. Insofar as the descritions go, I do agree they're fairly Original Research, but I think it's time Wikipedia realized that valid third party resources aren't always going to be an option.--68.111.243.35 (talk) 16:00, 14 March 2011 (UTC)

Regarding recent deletion of Windows 95 OS-tan image
I'm not following on why this in particular was deleted. Reasons showed "No Justification" for the use of the non-free image. I wouldn't bring this to attention if it weren't for the fact the other OS-tan images, such as XP's and ME's, are equally at fault for it. Was there a reason other than the given one for the 95-tan image specifically to be deleted? If there wasn't, I humbly suggest bringing the image back if it's at all possible. Likewise, though I'm strongly against it, I humbly suggest deleting the other images as well unless there's some special case of exceptions I'm not seeing. King Arthur6687 (talk) 00:07, 16 May 2008 (UTC)
 * Image rules are really complicated. I'll fix the ones that are still here.  --Phirazo 00:52, 16 May 2008 (UTC)

Deleted OS-tans?
I recently noticed that CE-Tan and Windows Server-Tan were recently deleted and a discussion request was made to discuss on whether or not they should be addded.

My reasoning for adding them is that they are listed in the Canon-list of OS-tans on the OS-Tan wiki site. Are there any objections to re-adding them? Dasmarinas71 (talk) 20:09, 13 June 2008 (UTC)

Yes. At one time, we had a VERY long list of os-tans in the "List of OS-Tans" article. However, because of a lack of citations available, some proposed the list of OS-tans should be deleted. After much discussion, it was decided that list should be shortened to a nominal list and merged with this article. The editors warned that the list should be kept short. So, I think we should not add more OS-tans unless there is a strong compelling reason to do so, or if there is some sort of reliable source that can be used to provide information about the os-tan. As it is, all the information in the description of the various OS-tans is OO, and every additional OS-tan added just adds more OO. My suggestion is to treat the list of OS-tans simply as examples, in the way that you might use specific paintings as examples of an artistic style, rather than an exhaustive list. To that end, I believe four OS-tans is plenty. Nimrand (talk) 15:04, 14 June 2008 (UTC)

The Page is still missing quite a few OS-tans, i dont see Solaris-tan, Ubuntu-tan, Ipod-tan, BlueBerry-tan, Firefox-ko, Shockwave-ko, and Macafee-ko. - Meomix 122.103.250.45 (talk) 04:48, 29 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Some of them are mentioned in Moe anthropomorphism for an overview over anthromorphic personifications in manga/anime. I fear, that some (or all?) of your examples don't fit in the current mindset of most writers of the OS-tan article. I don't know for sure. --Yamavu (talk) 20:21, 29 July 2008 (UTC)

-tan?
Don't all of them have shortened names that go with "-tan",like ME-tan and XP-tan? If so,we should include them 23:14, 13 February 2009 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.14.15.12 (talk)

Introduction
A little trivial, I know, but who decided on the wording in the intro to say "It is important to note" bla bla bla... important according to who? Couldn't we just say something along the lines of "OS-tans predating these include..." or something similar? Geqo (talk) 06:07, 13 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Fixed. In the future, I would encourage you to be bold and just go ahead and make these kinds of prose corrections, unless have reason to believe that the change would be controversial.Nimrand (talk) 20:50, 14 March 2009 (UTC)

About XP
I think we have her wrong. That XP seems to be proffesional,not home. 01:03, 2 May 2009 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.14.15.12 (talk)
 * Actually, I was going to say that her description sounds wrong in general. The issues such as bloating and using up resources and such sounds more like a description of Vista, at least from my experiences.--68.111.243.35 (talk) 16:00, 14 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Try to think back to when XP was new. -- Doctorx0079 (talk) 21:20, 27 March 2011 (UTC)

Question about the current list of OS-tans
Is there any reason or speculation as to why there is no character personifying Windows NT?--Kencaesi (talk) 18:10, 30 June 2009 (UTC)

Yeah i'd like to see Windows 3.11-tan as well. She's kinda popular too :/ --171.16.208.2 (talk) 10:53, 26 October 2009 (UTC)

Windows 7 pic deleted
The OS-tan pic of Windows 7 was deleted due to copyright/no fair use. However, as an 'official' mascot of Japanese Windows 7, there is no free equivalent, since the character is copyrighted. Any ideas on a compromise? Sera404 (talk) 01:57, 1 November 2009 (UTC)
 * Wait, someone is actually copyrighting these characterizations and images? I thought they'd all been made up by places like 4chan and 2chan. Some sources of information about that would be good to include in the article.--68.111.243.35 (talk) 16:00, 14 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Read the article. The Windows 7 OS-tan isn't like the rest, because it's an official mascot created by Microsoft. The article specifically mentions it being the first time a company has created its own OS-tan. 24.214.230.66 (talk) 10:00, 14 January 2012 (UTC)

Grammar, WP:NOTAFORUM
The word OS-tan is being used as a plural noun too often in this article, but cannot be considered as such because there are also singular uses of it. Please watch your grammar while editing this article. Also remember that this talk page isn't a forum. I removed one thread not complying with that. Thank you.Jasper Deng (talk) 05:51, 26 February 2011 (UTC)

Essays
We simply can't link to Wikipedia essays in encyclopedic articles. I don't think I can really say anything besides that that'll add anything.--Yaksar (let's chat) 05:58, 27 February 2011 (UTC)
 * WP:Wikipe-tan is not an essay as it is not marked as such. It's in the project namespace only because Wikipe-tan is an unofficial mascot of Wikipedia and thus related to the project, but read the page-it's actually a full encyclopedia article.Jasper Deng (talk) 06:02, 27 February 2011 (UTC)
 * It's in the project space precisely because it is not an encyclopedia. Plenty of topics related to wikipedia have their own articles because they are notable enough, while the Wikipe-tan entry is not structured as a notable, verifiable encyclopedia article. But I do apologize for labeling it an essay, I was wrong.--Yaksar (let's chat) 06:39, 27 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Still, as it's also a moe anthroponism (don't know how to spell), it should be listed here, perhaps as a piped link.Jasper Deng (talk) 06:43, 27 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Yeah, the spelling of that always trips me up too, no worries. But I don't see how a piped link could possibly make it more acceptable.--Yaksar (let's chat) 06:56, 27 February 2011 (UTC)
 * I don't see why the Wikipe-tan page is not encyclopedic because it contains all the components of an article. I don't see how that could not be acceptable.Jasper Deng (talk) 06:58, 27 February 2011 (UTC)
 * It's not an article, and doesn't hold up to the standards of notability, verifiability, and all the other policies and guidelines required to exist.--Yaksar (let's chat) 07:02, 27 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Huh? It's notable and verifiable within the Wikipedia community. Given that that page links to this, I don't see why you're so inclined for it not to link.Jasper Deng (talk) 07:04, 27 February 2011 (UTC)
 * That page can link to whatever it wants; it's not in the article namespace so anything can be added (you'll note it's full of user made pictures, templates and user boxes for editors to use, etc. Articles, however, have much more stringent requirements of what they can link to.--Yaksar (let's chat) 07:08, 27 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Can you reference a WP policy?Jasper Deng (talk) 07:08, 27 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Manual of Style (self-references to avoid)--Yaksar (let's chat) 07:15, 27 February 2011 (UTC)
 * However, the page is not actually about the project, but something very related to this article.Jasper Deng (talk) 19:05, 27 February 2011 (UTC)
 * If there was an accepted article on Wikipe-tan, there would be no issue with linking to it in an article. But basically, unless the article is actually about something that information from the project space is needed to explain (for example, Deletionism and inclusionism in Wikipedia there's no acceptable reason to link to it. Sorry.--Yaksar (let's chat) 05:13, 28 February 2011 (UTC)

Windows 3.1x
Some controversy is going on in the Windows 3.1x section. According to the article on Windows 3.1x, Windows 3.1 is an operating system even though it does not have its own kernel and depends on MS-DOS. Is this a fair statement? If we're going to disagree then the Windows 3.1x article also needs to be changed. -- Doctorx0079 (talk) 20:57, 16 March 2011 (UTC)

Silverlight-tan?
Microsoft's Taiwan intro to Silverlight shows a mascot, presumably Silverlight-tan. Should this be added too?--Quatroking (talk) 22:35, 6 June 2011 (UTC)

Blacklisted Links Found on the Main Page
Cyberbot II has detected that page contains external links that have either been globally or locally blacklisted. Links tend to be blacklisted because they have a history of being spammed, or are highly innappropriate for Wikipedia. This, however, doesn't necessarily mean it's spam, or not a good link. If the link is a good link, you may wish to request whitelisting by going to the request page for whitelisting. If you feel the link being caught by the blacklist is a false positive, or no longer needed on the blacklist, you may request the regex be removed or altered at the blacklist request page. If the link is blacklisted globally and you feel the above applies you may request to whitelist it using the before mentioned request page, or request it's removal, or alteration, at the request page on meta. When requesting whitelisting, be sure to supply the link to be whitelisted and wrap the link in nowiki tags. The whitelisting process can take its time so once a request has been filled out, you may set the invisible parameter on the tag to true. Please be aware that the bot will replace removed tags, and will remove misplaced tags regularly.

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Madobe Yuu and Ai pronounciation same as You and I
Did anyone notice that Yuu and Ai have the same pronounciation of the english words You and I?

93.33.137.85 (talk) 20:59, 29 January 2015 (UTC)29/01/2015 22:00 GMT+1
 * Yes. That's surely intentional, but we'd need a reliable source for that.  — SMcCandlish ☏ ¢ 😼  11:43, 4 June 2018 (UTC)

Needs a lot of cleanup
I've burned over an hour trying to clean this up, and it still needs more. I've been focusing on: putting transliterated Japanese (other than proper names) into italics per MOS:FOREIGN; lower-casing of SCREAMING ALL-CAPS; or  markup around Japanese-script matter (but not in titles and other names in citation templates); removal of redundant re-re-re-repeating of fictional surnames; fixing inconsistent name spellings; fixing over-capitalizations of -tan as -Tan; clear separation of fictional back-story from real-world facts; date cleanup (we do not use YYYY-MM-DD in article text, though ISO dates are permissible – but a terrible idea – in citations); trying to repair lots of mangled English; and on and on. Someone else please take a pass through it. — SMcCandlish ☏ ¢ 😼  11:47, 4 June 2018 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 11:21, 22 February 2019 (UTC)
 * Ostans 2.jpg

Any use having OS-tan Collections in the external links again?
I noticed that someone removed the reference to OS-tan Collections as it is outdated in terms of character names for the Futaba characters, the links redirect to spam + NSFW content anyway as the moderation seems to be lacking there.

is there any use adding it back as there are much better places that have up-to-date info with proper external links with actual info (OSC references hardly any).

Edit: It seems like they fixed the links and such on OSC's wiki but still don't have very good refs for characters --Sinclair-Speccy (talk) 22:59, 13 November 2023 (UTC)

Additional Images?
Considering this is an article about representations of Windows operating systems as anime girls, it could do with some additional images for representation to help demonstrate the topic better in my opinion. I know it's hard to get images with the proper usage rights though. --StreetcarEnjoyer (talk) 02:50, 7 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:OS-tan