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Rob Estes

Rob Estes (born July 22, 1963) is an American actor. He is known for his roles as Harry Wilson on the teen drama series 90210, as Sgt. Chris Lorenzo on the crime drama series Silk Stalkings, and as Kyle McBride on the primetime soap opera Melrose Place.

Career
Estes first became interested in an acting career while training to be a stunt double. One of his first acting jobs was in the soap opera Days of Our Lives playing Glenn Gallagher (1986–1987). He later gained widespread recognition for his role as Sergeant Chris Lorenzo in Silk Stalkings (1991–1995), half of the "dynamic duo" alongside Mitzi Kapture.

In 1993, Estes had a guest role on the prime time Fox soap opera Melrose Place, playing Sam Towler. Three years later, the producers of the series brought him back but cast him in a different role, that of restaurateur Kyle McBride. Estes played the role from 1996 to the series' cancellation in 1999.

Following Melrose Place, he had guest starring roles on Providence, Suddenly Susan, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit and Gilmore Girls. He also performed in theater, and had roles in Same Time, Next Year (2004) and The Lake (2005).

Estes starred in the comedy film I Do, They Don't (previously titled Blended), which premiered on ABC Family in March 2005 and also starred his Melrose Place co-star and then-wife Josie Bissett. He made his return to series television playing Sean Cole in the ABC television crime drama The Evidence.

He completed a recurring role on CSI: Miami as Nick Townsend, the abusive ex-husband of Natalia Boa Vista. In a January 2007 episode, he was murdered by the husband of a killer to cover up her crime.

Estes then portrayed Lieutenant Tom Hogan, Inspector Lindsay Boxer's ex-husband and current boss in the ABC police procedural and legal drama Women's Murder Club.

In May 2008, Estes was cast as Harry Wilson in 90210 on The CW. The series, like Melrose Place before it, is a spin-off from the original 1990s series Beverly Hills, 90210, marking Estes' third appearance in the franchise.

On January 20, 2010, Estes announced that the second season of 90210 would be his last. "This is my final season on 90210 and I wish the show, cast and crew nothing but the best. I am looking forward to spending time with my kids and exploring other opportunities", Estes said in a statement.

Personal life
On May 1, 1992, Estes married actress Josie Bissett, another cast member of Melrose Place. In 2005, they separated, with Estes reportedly moving out of their Seattle home at his wife's request. The couple have two children together, son Mason (born 1999/2000) and daughter Maya (born 2002/2003). In January 2006 the couple announced their plans to divorce.

On June 15, 2010, after a few years living together, Estes married teacher and surfer Erin Bolte. , after repeated moves, including return stays, between Santa Monica, Seattle and San Clemente, Estes and his wife had settled in San Clemente with Mason and the child they have together, son Makai (born 2011).

title: Rob Estes


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Final Conflict (band)

Final Conflict are a British neo-prog band based in Staffordshire.

Band members
Current line-up (as of November 2015)
 * Brian Donkin - Vocals, guitars
 * Andy Lawton - Vocals, guitars
 * Steve Lipiec - Keyboards, saxophone, backing vocals
 * Barry Elwood - Bass, guitars, backing vocals

History
Final Conflict were formed in 1985, by Andy Lawton and Brian Donkin. After the release of two cassette albums the band was signed by Gaia Records and the band's first CD album Redress the Balance (1991) was released, based around an ecological theme and featuring a number of guest musicians.

The band's second album, Quest (1992), was inspired by crossword compiler Leonard Dawe, who in 1944 inadvertently leaked code words from Operation Overlord in a crossword for The Daily Telegraph newspaper. The album is about an ordinary man like Dawe imagining he is on trial for the failings in his life.

The third album, Stand Up, delayed by the withdrawal of funding by the band's original record label, finally appeared in 1997. Again the album was based on a loose concept, this time the stresses of modern living, culminating in the 15-minute epic, "Stop", about urban decay and the rise of violent crime.

The band released a fourth album, Hindsight, in 2003. This album benefited from advances in recording technology, which allowed the band to produce a professional quality recording in its own Gaolhouse recording studio.

Their fifth album, Simple was released in 2006. Recorded to celebrate 21 years of involvement in music, the album comprised new recordings of songs from their early cassette albums and the first two CD albums, along with new material.

Final Conflict's success was acknowledged in 2007, when they were nominated in 5 categories at The Classic Rock Society's Band Of The Year awards. They were voted second best band and Henry Rogers was second best drummer. In 2008, at the same awards, they were presented with the MD's award by Steve Hackett of Genesis.

February 2009 saw the release of Final Conflict's first live DVD and CD. They are grateful to Metal Mind Productions for providing them with this fantastic opportunity. The DVD & CD are entitled "Another Moment in Time". Metal Mind also released a special limited edition remaster of the band's classic album "Stand Up" which includes previously unreleased bonus tracks.

In December 2012 the band released their sixth studio album "Return of the Artisan", to extensive critical acclaim. Return Of The Artisan is the first part of the Artisan trilogy.

The band released part two of the Artisan trilogy "The Rise Of The Artisan" in 2020, along with a fully remastered version of Return Of The Artisan.

The band are currently working on the third and final album of the Artisan trilogy, provisionally entitled "The Artisan Legacy".

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Final Conflict (band)


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Gartner's duct

Gartner's duct, also known as Gartner's canal or the ductus longitudinalis epoophori, is a potential embryological remnant in human female development of the mesonephric duct in the development of the urinary and reproductive organs. It was discovered and described in 1822 by Hermann Treschow Gartner.

Gartner's duct is located in the uterus' broad ligament. Its position is parallel with the lateral uterine tube and lateral walls of vagina and cervix.

The paired mesonephric ducts in the male, in contrast, go on to form the paired epididymides, vasa deferentia, ejaculatory ducts and seminal vesicles.

In females, they may persist between the layer of the broad ligament of the uterus and in the wall of the vagina.

Clinical significance
These may give rise to Gartner's duct cysts.

title: Gartner's duct


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Tank (disambiguation)

A tank is an armoured combat vehicle.

Tank or tanking may also refer to:

Oceania

 * Tank Stream, New South Wales, Australia

Asia

 * Tank (city), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
 * Tank District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
 * Tank Tehsil, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
 * Tank Subdivision, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
 * Bandar-e Tang, also known as Tank, village in Iran

North America

 * Tank Mountains, Arizona, United States
 * Tank Pond, body of water in Nova Scotia, Canada
 * Tanks Peak, Colorado, United States

Surname

 * Tank (surname), or Taunk, a surname of India
 * Jennifer Tank, American ecologist
 * Kurt Tank (1898–1983), German aerospace engineer and test pilot
 * Manisha Tank (born 1976), CNN International presenter
 * Walter Tank (1897–1978), American politician

Stage name

 * Tank (American singer), American R&B singer Durrell Babbs (born 1976)
 * Tank (German singer), Eric Geisenheyner (born 1977)
 * Tank (Taiwanese singer), singer/songwriter Lü Jianzhong (born 1982)
 * Tank Palamara (born 1968), Italian rock guitarist Tancredi Palamara

Other people

 * Tank (nickname)
 * Tank Man, Chinese man arrested for standing in front of Chinese tanks
 * Tank or Tanche (family), in Denmark and Norway
 * The Tank, a nickname for English footballer Duncan Edwards

Fictional entities

 * Tank (gaming), a role in video games, often a character designed to withstand damage
 * Tank (Gobots), a character from the Gobots toy line
 * Tank (The Matrix), a minor character from The Matrix
 * Michael "Tank" Ellis, a character in the Canadian-American television series Captain Power and the Soldiers of the Future
 * Tank, the title character of the comic strip Tank McNamara
 * "The Tank", a character from the Left 4 Dead video game series
 * Tank, the main character from the children's TV series Pupstruction
 * Tank, a character (Rainbow Dash's pet tortoise) from the children's show My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic

Groups / singers

 * Tank (band), British heavy metal band
 * Tank (American singer)

Albums

 * Tank (album), by Asian Dub Foundation
 * Kreidler Tank, by Kreidler

Songs

 * "Tank" (song), an instrumental by Emerson, Lake & Palmer on their 1970 eponymous album
 * "Tank!", the opening song for the anime series Cowboy Bebop
 * "Tank" (Nmixx song), a song by South Korean girl group NMIXX
 * "Tank", a song by The Stranglers from Black and White

Video games

 * Tank (video games), a video game term for a character that attracts enemies and their attacks as a way to protect other characters
 * Tank (video game), a 1974 arcade game by Kee Games
 * Tank! Tank! Tank!, a video game
 * TNK III (1984 video game), a video game that was released in Japan as "T.A.N.K."

Other arts, entertainment, and media

 * Tank (film), a 1984 movie starring James Garner
 * Tank (magazine), a British quarterly
 * The Tank (theater), performance space in Manhattan, New York

Brands and enterprises

 * Cartier Tank, a watch line by Cartier
 * Film Tank, a multi-award-winning film production company in the UK
 * TANK (marque), a Chinese automotive marque, specialises in SUVs

Organizations

 * Think tank, an organization that performs research and advocacy
 * Transit Authority of Northern Kentucky, a public transit company in Northern Kentucky

Storage vessels

 * Tank, another word for a gas cylinder
 * Flexible tanks
 * Fuel tank, also called a "gas tank" or "petrol tank"
 * Irrigation tank, a man-made reservoir in India and South Asia
 * Storage tank, a container, usually for liquids
 * Water tank, a container for storing liquid
 * Pond, specifically artificial ponds created by directing water runoff

Other uses

 * TANK (gene)
 * Tank (goddess), in ancient North Africa
 * Tank (unit), an obsolete unit of measure in India
 * LC circuit, also called a tank circuit
 * Mitzvah tank, a large vehicle used as a portable educational and outreach center and mini-synagogue
 * Tank Cottage, Green Bay, Wisconsin, on the US National Register of Historic Places
 * Tank Upper Secondary School, a secondary school in Bergen, Norway
 * Irrigation tank, part of a tank cascade system of naturalized water reservoirs in South Asia
 * Tank car, a railroad car
 * Tanking (sports), a strategy of sports teams intentionally fielding losing teams in order to gain benefits that pay off later
 * Aerial refueling, sometimes known as buddy tanking
 * Tanking, a method of wet rendering; see Rendering (animal products)

title: Tank (disambiguation)


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City of Bayswater

The City of Bayswater is a local government area in the Western Australian capital city of Perth, about 7 km northeast of Perth's central business district. The city covers an area of 34.6 km2 and had a population of 69,283 as at the 2021 Census. The City of Bayswater is a member of the Eastern Metropolitan Regional Council.

History

In the 1890s, Bayswater was a small settlement, awkwardly straddling the boundaries of the Perth and Swan Road Districts. In December 1894, residents held a meeting to petition for a road board. The government rejected the petition. A second attempt to get Bayswater's own road board in 1896 was successful. Both the Perth and Swan Road Boards were happy to relinquish responsibility for building roads there. The Bayswater Road Board was gazetted on 5 March 1897, becoming one of several new local government areas established in the 1890s along the railway. A wooden ratepayers' hall was constructed on Guildford Road.

In 1944, at the annual ratepayers' meeting, a majority of the seven ratepayers that attended voted for the board to change the district's name to "Oakleigh Park Road District". The name Bayswater was considered to obstruct progress due to its working-class connotations. After advertising for objections to the change in name, many came in and the idea was ditched. On 1 July 1961, it became a shire following the enactment of the Local Government Act 1960.

In October 1978, the shire council was sacked by the Government of Western Australia for mismanagement, corruption and various actions breaking the Local Government Act. The shire sold council property and several large contracts without tenders. A commissioner was placed in charge of the council for five months. At the next council election on 24 February 1979, 80% of ratepayers voted, much higher than the usual 30%. Only two of the councillors elected had been councillors before.

On 29 October 1983, it attained city status. Around this same time, it relocated its administration from Bayswater to its present location on Broun Avenue in Morley. In 1998 the suburb of Maylands was transferred into the City of Bayswater from the City of Stirling.

The portion of the suburb of Noranda north of Widgee Road was transferred to the City of Bayswater from the City of Swan on 1 July 2016.

Logo
The City of Bayswater's logo features an olive tree, which has history relating to Bayswater. In the 1840s, an olive tree was planted on Slade Street. The tree is still standing today, and it is the earliest sign of European occupation in the area.

Services
The City of Bayswater has three libraries. They are in Maylands, Bayswater and Morley. The city also owns The RISE, Bayswater Waves, Maylands Waterland and Morley Sport and Recreation Centre.

Wards
The city is divided into four wards. The mayor and deputy mayor are each elected from among the councillors. Elections are held on the third Saturday in October every odd year, with councillors elected to four-year terms. Approximately half of all positions are up for election at each election.

Political parties do not typically endorse candidates in local government in Western Australia. However, elected members are required to disclose membership of any political party.

Suburbs
The suburbs of the City of Bayswater with population and size figures based on the most recent Australian census: * indicates suburb partially located within city

Heritage listed places
, 401 places are heritage-listed in the City of Bayswater, of which 24 are on the State Register of Heritage Places, among them Tranby House, the Albany Bell Castle and the Garratt Road Bridge.

title: City of Bayswater


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User:Valashu

Valashu is brilliant

title: User:Valashu


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Neophobia

Neophobia is the fear of anything new, especially a persistent and abnormal fear. In its milder form, it can manifest as the unwillingness to try new things or break from routine. In the context of children the term is generally used to indicate a tendency to reject unknown or novel foods. Food neophobia, as it may be referred to, is an important concern in pediatric psychology.

In biomedical research, neophobia is often associated with the study of taste.

Terminology
The word neophobia comes from the Greek νέος, neos, meaning "new, young", and φόβος, phobos, for "fear". Cainophobia comes from the Greek καινός, kainos, meaning "new, fresh". Alternative terms for neophobia include metathesiophobia, prosophobia, cainotophobia (or cainophobia), and kainophobia (or kainolophobia).

Examples
Norway rats and house mice are thought to have evolved increased levels of neophobia as they became commensal with humans because humans were routinely devising new methods (e.g., mousetraps) to eradicate them.

Neophobia is also a common finding in aging animals, although apathy could also explain, or contribute to explain, the lack of exploratory drive systematically observed in aging. Researchers argued that the lack of exploratory drive was likely due neurophysiologically to the dysfunction of neural pathways connected to the prefrontal cortex observed during aging.

Robert Anton Wilson theorized in his book Prometheus Rising that neophobia is instinctual in people after they begin to raise children. Wilson's views on neophobia are mostly negative, believing that it is the reason human culture and ideas do not advance as quickly as our technology. His model includes an idea from Thomas Kuhn's The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, which is that new ideas, however well proven and evident, are implemented only when the generations who consider them "new" die and are replaced by generations who consider the ideas accepted and old.

Food neophobia
Food neophobia in humans has been described as the fear of eating new or unfamiliar foods. It differs from avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder. Food neophobia is particularly common in toddlers and young children. It is often related to an individual's level of sensation-seeking, meaning a person's willingness to try new things and take risks. Not only do people with high food neophobia resist trying new food, they also rate new foods that they do try as lower than neophilics. Picky eating has been a cause of concern for many parents of young children. This results in leaving parents feeling frustrated, and risk compounding parental anxieties. Parents tend to worry about the growth and lack of nutrient in their child. Pediatricians and family physicians are always there to teach parents and care givers different ways to feed their children effectively.

It is very typical for people to generally have a fear of new things and to prefer things that are familiar and common. Most people experience food neophobia to a certain extent, though some people are more neophobic than others. A measure of individual differences in food neophobia is the Food Neophobia Scale (FNS), which consists of a 10-item survey that requires self-reported responses on a seven-point Likert scale. There is also a separate scale geared towards children called the Food Neophobia Scale for Children (FNSC), in which the parents actually do the reporting for the survey.

In animals it has been shown that food neophobia is a fear of novelty lasting only a short duration (minutes at most), which is distinct from dietary conservatism, the prolonged refusal to add a novel food to the diet, which can last many days or even years. Dietary conservatism has never yet been demonstrated in humans, although the genetically influenced behaviour of "fussy eating" in children resembles the behaviour seen in animals.

Food neophobia relates to the omnivore's dilemma, a phenomenon that explains the choice that omnivores, and humans in particular, have between eating a new food and risking danger or avoiding it and potentially missing out on a valuable food source. Having at least some degree of food neophobia has been noted to be evolutionarily advantageous as it can help people to avoid eating potentially poisonous foods.

Causes
Genetics seem to play a role in both food neophobia and general neophobia. Research shows that about two-thirds of the variation in food neophobia is due to genetics. A study done on twin pairs showed an even higher correlation, indicating that genetics do play a factor in food neophobia.

Psychosocial factors can also increase a child's chances of developing food neophobia. Young children carefully watch parental food preferences, and this may produce neophobic tendencies with regard to eating if parents tend to avoid some foods.

Another cause includes being more sensitive than average to bitter tastes, which may be associated with a significant history of middle ear infection or an increased perception of bitter foods, known as a supertaster.

Treatment
Some efforts to address this situation, such as pressuring the child to eat a disliked food or threatening punishment for not eating it, tend to exacerbate the problem.

Effective solutions include offering non-food rewards, such as a small sticker, for tasting a new or disliked food, and for parents to model the behavior they want to see by cheerfully eating the new or disliked foods in front of the children.

Exposing someone to a new food increases the chances of liking that food item. However, it is not enough to merely look at a new food. Novel food must be repeatedly tasted in order to increase preference for eating it. It can take as many as 15 tries of a novel food item before a child accepts it. There also appears to be a critical period for lowering later food neophobia in children during the weaning process. The variety of solid foods first exposed to children can lower later food refusal. Some researchers believe that even the food variety of a nursing mother and the consequent variety of flavors in her breastmilk can lead to greater acceptance of novel food items later on in life. Food neophobia does tend to naturally decrease as people age.

title: Neophobia


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User talk:Valashu

Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. -- Jim Regan 14:44, 23 May 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Valashu


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Sir Bedivere

Sir Bedivere may refer to:

 * Bedivere, a Knight of the Round Table, who returns Excalibur to the Lady of the Lake
 * RFA Sir Bedivere (L3004), a Landing Ship Logistic of the Round Table class
 * SR 457 Sir Bevidere, a Southern Railway passenger express locomotive of the King Arthur class

title: Sir Bedivere


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City of Belmont

The City of Belmont is a local government area in the inner eastern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth, located about 8 km east of Perth's central business district on the south bank of the Swan River. The City covers an area of 39.8 km2, maintains 225 km of roads and had a population of almost 40,000 as at the 2016 Census.]

Belmont contains Perth's domestic and international airports which account for 33.7% of the City of Belmont's land area.

History
The Belmont Road District was created on 2 December 1898. On 4 October 1907, it was renamed Belmont Park. From 1906 until 1909, Burswood Island was part of the district.

On 1 July 1961, the Belmont Park Road District became the Shire of Belmont following the enactment of the Local Government Act 1960. On 17 February 1979 it attained city status.

Ascot and Belmont are suburbs long associated with horses, being close to the race tracks (see Ascot Racecourse and Belmont Park). Until 1956 the Belmont Spur Railway linked Bayswater on the Perth to Midland line to the Ascot race track.

Wards
The city is divided into four wards: East Ward, West Ward, Central Ward, and South Ward, each represented by two councillors. Previously, the Mayor and Deputy Mayor were elected from among the councillors. In 2023, voters elected Robert Rossi, former West Ward Councillor and Deputy Mayor, as the city's first popularly elected Mayor. He won the election from a field of five candidates. Elections are held on the third Saturday in October every odd year, with councillors elected to four year terms. Approximately half of all positions are up for election at each election.

Political parties do not typically endorse candidates in local government in Western Australia. However, elected members are required to disclose membership of any political party.

Suburbs
The suburbs of the City of Belmont with population and size figures based on the most recent Australian census: ( * indicates suburb partially located within City)

Sister cities

 * 🇯🇵 Adachi-ku, Tokyo, Japan 1 October 1984

Heritage-listed places
, 124 places are heritage-listed in the City of Belmont, of which seven are on the State Register of Heritage Places, among them the Garratt Road Bridge.

title: City of Belmont


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Macon, Belgium

Macon is a village of Wallonia and a district of the municipality of Momignies, located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium.

The town has approximately 500 people, and is about 10 miles west of Chimay, near the French border. Nearby lies the site where the first U.S. troops began to liberate Belgium during World War II. A memorial stands near Macon at the point where soldiers of the First Army crossed from France into Belgium. The town is centered on St. Jean the Baptist Church, and a Linden Tree, several centuries old, sits in the church square, and is supported by braces originally built in the 17th century by Monsieur DeCuir.

title: Macon, Belgium


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Godfrey Giffard

Godfrey Giffard (c. 1235 – 1302) was Chancellor of the Exchequer of England, Lord Chancellor of England and Bishop of Worcester.

Early life
Giffard was a son of Hugh Giffard of Boyton in Wiltshire, a royal justice, by Sibyl, a daughter and co-heiress of Walter de Cormeilles. He was born about 1235 and was the younger brother of Walter Giffard, who was to become Archbishop of York and whose successful career ensured the preferment of Godfrey. His sister Mabel was the abbess of Shaftesbury Abbey.

Career
Giffard appears to have profited from his brother's position, and held the following positions:

 * Canon of Wells
 * Rector of Mells.
 * Rector of the greater moiety of Attleborough in Norfolk
 * Archdeacon of Barnstaple between 1265 and 1267, and (after Walter later became archbishop of York)
 * Archdeacon of York
 * Chancellor of the exchequer
 * Chancellor of England and
 * Rector of Adlingfleet in 1267

Complaints were later made to the Pope at Rome about the way in which the Archbishop had given this and many other benefices to his brother – as Godfrey was it was claimed, "...only in minor orders and deficient in learning".

Bishop of Worcester
Giffard was still Chancellor when the monks of Worcester elected him as Bishop of Worcester about between 2 and 24 May 1268, on the translation of Bishop Nicholas of Ely to the See of Winchester. Henry III accepted his appointment, and he received the temporalities on 13 June 1268. After some little resistance, Archbishop Boniface of Savoy confirmed his election, but it was not until 23 September that he was consecrated by the archbishop at Canterbury and he was enthroned in Worcester Cathedral on Christmas Day 1268.

Giffard retained the chancellorship until October 1268, and in 1268 received a grant of five hundred marks a year for the support of himself and the clerks of the chancery.

In 1272 Giffard acted with Roger de Meyland Bishop of Lichfield in treating with Llywelyn ap Gruffudd of Wales. In May 1273 he was sent abroad with Nicholas of Ely, Bishop of Winchester, and Walter Bronescomb, Bishop of Exeter, to meet King Edward I on his return from the Holy Land. He was made a commissioner along with Roger Mortimer to investigate certain grievances of the Oxford scholars, and in 1278 acted as an itinerant justice in Hertfordshire and Kent.

In 1279 Giffard succeeded to the very extensive property of his brother the Archbishop of York. He was also one of the four negotiators selected in 1289 by King Edward I of England to treat at Salisbury with the Scottish and Norwegian envoys about sending Margaret of Norway to Scotland.

Giffard ruled over the See of Worcester for more than thirty-three years, and his activities were almost confined to his own diocese.

Activities as bishop
Giffard was engaged in many disputes with his monastic cathedral chapter, long accounts of which, written from the monks' point of view, have survived in the "Annals of Worcester". One main area of disagreement was whether or not the Bishop should be allowed to annex some of the more valuable livings in his gift, to the prebends of the college at Westbury. This dispute led to some tedious litigation which was ultimately decided in favour of the monks. However, the claim of the Bishop that he was entitled to receive the monks' ‘profession’ produced still more lawsuits. In 1288, at an ordination at Westbury, an unseemly dispute arose between the precentor of Worcester and John of Evreux, the then Archdeacon of Gloucester (he was a favourite nephew of the Bishop) as to who had the right to call over the names of the candidates and which led to the expulsion of the precentor from the chancel with the connivance of the Bishop.

Some time later a truce patched matters up, but at Bromsgrove the Bishop, "...would not permit the prior to exercise his office, regardless of the peace that had been made, which we believe to have been as vain as a peace with the Welsh." The monks also complained of his depriving them of the chapel at Grafton and of his constant efforts to visit and to exercise jurisdiction over them. In 1290 he held a visitation, and required the convent to support his 140 horses leaving the place in anger.

Giffard was also involved in another great dispute with the Abbot of Westminster after he had deposed William of Ledbury, the Prior of Malvern, for "gross crimes". The monks of Westminster took up William's cause, as Malvern was a cell of their Abbey, and they also obtained the support of the King. In the end Giffard was glad to compromise the case, and received a grant of land at Knightwick and agreed not to visit Malvern as his predecessors had done and Ledbury was restored.

However, this settlement was attacked by Archbishop Peckham as being simoniacal. Giffard had already been involved, like the other suffragans to Canterbury, in the struggle against Peckham's excessive claims of metropolitical jurisdiction; he however later more friendly with him, and sent the Archbishop many expensive gifts.

Giffard's many favours to the Franciscans, whose General had in both 1277 and 1282, admitted him as a brother of the order, must have procured him the friendship of the Franciscan primate. However his remissness in allowing the monks of the cathedral to steal the body of one Henry Poche from the Franciscans and bury it in their churchyard in 1290 was another new source of friction.

By the year 1300 Giffard had become sick and infirm; in March of that year he was visited by Archbishop Winchelsey at Wyke. In 1301, William of Gloucester produced thirty-six articles against him before the Archbishop; although mostly small, technical and legal, they included: Both complaints were well investigated, and the Bishop's answers are recorded along with the charges in his register.
 * A charge of manumitting serfs without its consent.
 * Another complaint of him unduly favouring his nephews.

Death and legacy
Giffard died on Friday 26 January 1302, and was buried on 4 February by John de Monmouth, Bishop of Llandaff, in Worcester Cathedral, on the south side of the altar of the lady chapel; his tomb remains there still.

Under the terms of Giffard's will, which was dated 13 September 1300, he left a large number of legacies to his kinsfolk, including his sister Mabel, Abbess of Shaftesbury, and to various churches.

Giffard's heir was his nephew John, who was the son of his brother William Giffard and who after fighting on the baronial side at Boroughbridge, was hanged at Gloucester, thus forfeiting his estates to the Crown. However, these estates were later restored, and subsequently the Giffords of Weston-sub-Edge assumed the arms of the See of Worcester in memory of their ancestor.

Despite his long running quarrels with the chapter at Worcester, Giffard was a benefactor of his Cathedral; during his reign he beautified the pillars of both the choir and lady chapel by interlacing them with smaller pillars and in 1280 he laid the first stone of the pavement of the cathedral.

Giffard also sought leave to fortify and finish Hartlebury Castle which Bishop Cantelupe had begun. He extracted from the Bishop's executors a legacy which had been left to the See, for supplying a stock of cattle on the lands of the Bishopric.

Giffard also obtained a "grant of fairs" to Stratford-on-Avon and Blockley and secured permission to fortify his palaces at Worcester and Wydindon as he had done at Hartlebury.

title: Godfrey Giffard


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Town of Cambridge

The Town of Cambridge is a local government area in the inner western suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth, about 5 km west of Perth's central business district and extending to the Indian Ocean at City Beach. The Town covers an area of 22.0 km2 and had a population of almost 29,000 as of the 2021 Census. It was originally part of the City of Perth before the restructuring by the Western Australian State Government in 1994.

History
Historically the area was part of the North Perth municipality, gazetted in 1901, which was absorbed into the City of Perth in 1915 after becoming unsustainable as an autonomous political entity. In 1993, the Government of Western Australia decided to split up the local government area (LGA) of the City of Perth, creating three additional LGAs and retaining a smaller City of Perth. The new LGAs were Town of Vincent, Town of Cambridge and the Town of Victoria Park.

In October 2020, the Town won an injunction against the state government's efforts to suspend the Council due to suspicions of interference in Town administration. This was the first time a local government in Western Australia successfully challenged ministerial authority to suspend a Council.

Parks and reserves
Cambridge has many parks and reserves. The Town has two major reserves, Lake Monger and Perry Lakes, as well as 4.8 km of coastline, including City Beach and Floreat Beach and their respective parks, and the nearby dunes.

Wards
The city has been divided into two wards, each electing four councillors.

 * Coast Ward
 * Wembley Ward

Suburbs
The suburbs of the Town of Cambridge with population and size figures based on the most recent Australian census: (* indicates suburb only partially located within Town)

Heritage listed places
, 135 places are heritage-listed in the Town of Cambridge, of which 14 are on the State Register of Heritage Places, among them the Model Brick Home and Model Timber Home.

title: Town of Cambridge


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Epiphone

Epiphone is an American musical instrument brand that traces its roots to a musical instrument manufacturing business founded in 1873 by Anastasios Stathopoulos in İzmir, Ottoman Empire, and moved to New York City in 1908. After taking over his father's business, Epaminondas Stathopoulos named the company "Epiphone" as a combination of his own nickname "Epi" and the suffix "-phone" (from Greek phon-, "voice") in 1928, the same year it began making guitars. From the 1930s through to the early 1950s, Epiphone produced a range of both acoustic and (later) electrified archtop guitars that rivalled those produced by Gibson and were the instruments of choice of many professionals; a smaller range of flat-top guitars were also produced, some designations of which were later continued during the Gibson-owned era for the company.

In 1957 Epiphone, Inc. was purchased by Gibson, its main rival in the archtop guitar market at the time. Gibson relocated Epiphone's manufacturing operation from its original Queens, New York, factory to Gibson's Kalamazoo, Michigan, factory, where production of both ranges took place until 1969, with Epiphone instruments—some with "sister" models in the Gibson line, some unique to the Epiphone line—generally considered equal in construction quality to those produced under the Gibson brand. From 1970 onwards, Gibson ceased production of Epiphones in its U.S.A factory and moved production offshore for a range of cheaper models. Today, Epiphone is still used as a brand for the Gibson company, both for budget models of other Gibson-branded products and for several Epiphone-exclusive models. Aside from guitars, Epiphone has also made double basses, banjos, and other string instruments, as well as amplifiers.

History
Epiphone began in 1873, in Smyrna, Ottoman Empire (now İzmir, Turkey), where Greek founder Anastasios Stathopoulos made his own fiddles and lutes (specifically, the oud and the laouto). Stathopoulos moved to the United States in 1903 and continued to make his original instruments, as well as mandolins, from a factory at 35-37 36th Street in Long Island City, Queens, New York. Anastasios died in 1915, and his son, Epaminondas ("Epi"), took over.

After two years, the company became known as "The House of Stathopoulo". Just after the end of World War I, the company started to make banjos. The company produced its recording line of banjos in 1924 and, four years later, took on the name of the "Epiphone Banjo Company". It produced its first guitars (the "Epiphone Recording" models) in 1928. In 1931 the company commenced production of its "Masterbilt" range of archtop guitars which became very popular and competed successfully with the equivalent range produced at the time by Gibson, its main rival in the archtop market. After Epi died in 1943, control of the company went to his brothers, Orphie and Frixo. In 1951, a four-month-long strike caused a relocation of Epiphone Headquarters from New York City to Philadelphia. A number of Epiphone employees decided to remain in New York rather than relocate to Philadelphia, and spearheaded by George Mann, former Epiphone Vice President and Secretary, formed the nucleus of the new Guild Guitar Company, whose early archtop guitar designs owed a lot to Epiphone.

In 1957 the company was acquired by Gibson parent company CMI, who merged Epiphone operations with Gibson. Between 1957 and 1969, the Gibson-owned production of Epiphone instruments took a parallel path to those marketed under the Gibson brand, with many equivalents between the two lines but also some instruments unique to the Epiphone range. The marketing strategy used was that since the number of Gibson dealerships was limited by design, equivalent quality instruments under the Epiphone label could be offered for sale through other dealerships thus in principle increasing market share overall. This arrangement lasted until 1969 at which point Gibson decided to cease production of the high grade, U.S.A.-made Epiphone instruments in favour of a cheaper range of lower grade instruments still bearing the Epiphone label, but now sourced in Japan.

By the late 1970s, Epiphone production began moving to Korea, and by the mid-1980s, all Epiphones were Korean-built. Beginning in 1997, Epiphone moved its production to China and Indonesia. Since merging with Gibson, the brand has been used for a number of different guitars, some manufactured by Gibson itself in its own factories, and some manufactured by other companies such as Matsumoku under contract to Gibson and marketed under the Epiphone brand.

Pre-Gibson era
Epiphone's first foray into the guitar market came in around 1928, with the release of the "Recording" range, styled models A through E. These guitars featured an unusual asymmetric body shape with what was in effect a strongly sloping cutaway on the upper treble bout, and either a trapeze tailpiece or a pin bridge, together with pegheads and tuners reminiscent of the company's banjos. The cheapest model, the A, featured a flat top and back, the B had an arched back and a flat top, while the remainder had arched tops and backs; additionally, they appear to have been available in two different sizes. These guitars had a distinctive sound but were not very successful commercially, and are rarely seen today.

Commencing around 1931, Epiphone decided to release a new range of full body archtop guitars in direct competition with Gibson, the leading factory manufacturer of archtop guitars of the day. The newly announced "Masterbilt" series comprised the Deluxe (with its tenor version named the Empire), Broadway (tenor version the Bretton, later named the Broadway Tenor), Triumph (tenor version the Hollywood, later the Triumph Tenor), Royal, Spartan (tenor version the Regent, later the Spartan Tenor), Blackstone, Zenith (tenor version the Melody, later the Zenith Tenor), Olympic, and Beverly. Other models introduced a little later comprised the Emperor (1936), Byron (1938), Ritz (1941) and Devon (1951). These instruments were initially offered in acoustic, non-cutaway form, with cutaways appearing (often with the additional designation "Regent") from the late 1940s onwards, and with the addition of pickups, by the added designation of "Zephyr", thus an "Zephyr Emperor Regent" would indicate the (top of the line) Emperor model with added cutaway and pickups. Other archtops appeared solely in the amplified form, being the Zephyr, Century and Coronet (all 1939), Kent (1950) and a signature model named for Harry Volpe (1955).

Accompanying the archtop line were a range of flat top instruments, although these never acquired the cachet of their archtop companions. These included 2 Hawaiian models (the Madrid and the Navarre), plus the flat top FT 75 (introduced by 1935, discontinued 1942), FT 37 (1935-1942), FT 27 (1935-1941), FT De Luxe (1939-1942), FT 110, FT 79 and FT 45 (all 1942, all continued into Gibson era), FT 50 (1941-1950) and FT 30 (1941-1954, then reactivated in the Gibson era). Several cutaway flat top instruments were also made, designated the De Luxe Cutaway (also as the FT 210) and the Zephyr Cutaway. It seems that Epiphone used ladder- rather than X-bracing for the tops of their flat top models, which may account for their less success in the market than comparable instruments by the Martin and Gibson guitar companies.

Gibson (Kalamazoo) era
Following Epiphone's purchase by Gibson in 1957, the lines of both electric and acoustic guitars were considerably revamped, with the introduction of new thinline hollow-body (semi-acoustic) guitars, solidbody electric guitars, and a much improved range of flat-top acoustic guitars, incorporating elements of Gibson's own designs. The 1961 catalog shows that the Emperor, Deluxe, Triumph and Zenith were still available as acoustic archtops, the Emperor, Sheraton, Broadway, Zephyr and Century together with new models the Windsor, Casino and Sorrento as electric archtops, the new models Crestwood Custom, Wilshire, Coronet and Olympic as electric solidbodies, while the acoustic range comprised the Seville (a nylon string instrument), and the steel string Frontier (continuation of FT 110), Texan (continuation of FT 79), Cortez (continuation of FT 45) and Caballero (continuation of FT 30). Subsequent additions to these lines included the semi-acoustic Granada, Professional and Riviera models (all introduced 1962); as well as artist-endorsed models for Al Caiola (the "Caiola", introduced 1963) and Howard Roberts (1964), the latter with an unusual oval shaped soundhole. The Riviera was also available in a 12-string version (1965 onwards). New acoustic instruments comprised the Excellente, El Dorado, Troubador and Folkster, along with new "folk oriented" 12-strings the Bard (1962) and Serenader (1963); additions to the classical line comprised the Espana and Madrid (both 1962) and the Barcelona and Classic (both 1963). None of these instruments survived the termination of manufacturing of Epiphone instruments in Gibson's Kalamazoo plant in 1969, at least in their original form (subsequent Japanese models, some even re-using Kalamazoo-era model names, were of generally cheaper construction, for example using laminated woods and bolt-on necks as compared with their U.S.-made predecessors).

While some of the 1960s, U.S.A. built Epiphones had near-equivalents to models in the Gibson range of the day—for example the Riviera and Casino were very similar to the Gibson ES-335 and ES-330, respectively, the Frontier was somewhat similar to the Gibson Dove, while the Texan, Cortez and Cabellero were generally equivalent to the Gibson J-45, LG-2 and LG-0, respectively—others had no equivalent in the Gibson range, the Sheraton (semi-acoustic thinline version) and Excellente (acoustic) being top-of-the line instruments without any real parallel in the Gibson line/s of the day.

In England in the 1960s, several Epiphone models were brought to particular prominence via their use by The Beatles, Paul McCartney favouring a 1964 Epiphone Texan that he purchased in 1965 and used for the writing of "Yesterday" among other songs, while John Lennon, Paul McCartney and George Harrison all performed using Epiphone Casinos through much of the group's years of early commercial success.

Post-Kalamazoo era (1970s-current)
From the 1970s onwards, production of Epiphone guitars has largely taken place in Japan, Korea and China (refer section "Manufacturing", below), with a very small number of models also produced in the U.S.A. Since the 2000s, Epiphone branded guitars have fallen broadly into three categories. Firstly, Epiphone is used as a "budget brand" for Gibson, producing identically-named but lower-priced versions of popular Gibson models, such as the Epiphone Les Paul, which serves as a budget model comparable to the Gibson Les Paul. Secondly, Epiphone has also been used to brand models under alternate names, but are otherwise similar to more expensive Gibson-branded guitars, for example the Epiphone G-400 is functionally equivalent to the Gibson SG, and the Epiphone Dot is essentially a budget version of the Gibson ES-335. Occasionally, the Epiphone version of the guitar is historically better known, for example the Epiphone Casino, functionally identical to the Gibson ES-330, is better known due to its close association with artists such as The Beatles. Thirdly are models which are exclusive to the Epiphone brand without equivalent models produced under the Gibson brand, such as the Epiphone Coronet.

As of January 2021, Epiphone was marketing guitars under several lines, including several categorized on their website as "inspired by Gibson" for models that serve as the budget Gibson version. Historically, hundreds of different models have borne the Epiphone brand, and many are available in the used guitar market.

Gibson-equivalent electric guitars

 * Les Paul
 * ES Series
 * ES-125TDC
 * ES-335
 * ES-339
 * SG
 * Flying V
 * Firebird
 * Explorer
 * Thunderbird bass

Epiphone-exclusive electric guitars

 * Archtop, hollow body and semi-hollow body guitars
 * Sheraton
 * Casino
 * Riviera
 * Wildkat
 * Emperor
 * Zephyr
 * Solid body
 * Coronet
 * Wilshire
 * Crestwood
 * Bass guitars
 * Jack Casady bass
 * Viola bass (modeled after the Höfner 500/1)
 * Allen Woody Rumblekat bass
 * Embassy bass
 * AccuBass (A P-Bass configuration)
 * RockBass (A Jazz Bass configuration)
 * PowerBass (A P/J configuration)

Gibson-equivalent acoustic guitars

 * Hummingbird 6- and 12-string models
 * Dove
 * J-200
 * Gibson J-45 in full and single-cutaway models

Epiphone-exclusive acoustic guitars

 * Texan
 * Classical E1
 * Songmaker
 * Pro-1
 * Masterbilt Series
 * L'il Tex (travel-sized Texan)
 * El Nino (travel-sized)
 * Excellente (rare, only 139 ever made from 1963 until 1970, reissued in 2021 as part of the "Masterbilt" series)
 * Frontier (made from 1958-1970, reissued briefly in the 1990s, and reissued again in 2020 as part of the "Masterbilt" series and in 2021 as part of the "Made in USA" collection)

Amplifiers
Epiphone began producing amplifiers in 1935 with the Electar Hawaiian Lap Steel Guitar Outfit. This outfit was an amplifier, case and lap steel guitar stand all rolled into one unit and was supplied by a suitcase manufacturer of the time. Electar Century and Zephyr amplifier models followed.

Gibson produced Epiphone amplifiers in the 1960s. These were copies or variations of Gibson and Fender amplifiers. They used a tube design, and some had reverb and tremolo. Gibson decided to launch a new line of Epiphone tube amplifiers in 2005 with models including the So Cal, Blues Custom, Epiphone Valve Junior and the solid state Triggerman range. The Valve Hot Rod and Valve Senior followed in 2009. The Valve Hot Rod is a 5 watt amp like the Valve Junior, but has a gain and reverb control. The Valve Senior offers 20 watts of power, with a full equalizer, gain, volume, reverb, and presence control.

As of 2012, Epiphone has ceased production of their line of amplifiers with the exception of the Player and Performance Pack practice amplifiers, available only in Epiphone's starter packages. These Amplifiers were under the Epiphone Electar brand. In 2014 the  1939 Electar Century 18-watt valve amplifier was reissued in an updated 75th anniversary Limited Edition.

United States
Epiphone instruments made between 1957 and 1970 were at Gibson facilities on Parsons Street and Eleanor Street in Kalamazoo, Michigan. Solid body guitars with flat tops and backs were made at the Eleanor Street plants (both Gibson and Epiphone). Some of these Epiphone instruments were effectively identical to the relevant Gibson versions, perhaps made with same timber, materials and components as the contemporary equivalent Gibson guitars. Epiphone also continued its production of archtop guitars using the same patterns and molds from Epi's New York era. Some specific examples of Gibson-era Epiphone instruments from this period includes the Epiphone Sheraton (co-developed with the Gibson ES-335 & sharing its semi-hollow body, but with, Epiphone's pre-Gibson "Frequensator" tailpiece and "New York" mini-humbucker pickups, and significantly fancier inlays) and Sheraton II (replacing the Frequensator with Gibson's "stop-bar" tailpiece), the Epiphone Casino (similar to the Gibson ES-330), the Epiphone Caballero (similar to the Gibson LG-0), the Epiphone Cortez (similar to the Gibson LG-2), the Epiphone Frontier (similar to the Gibson Hummingbird), the Epiphone Olympic Special (similar to the Gibson Melody Maker), the Epiphone Sorrento (similar to the Gibson ES-125TC, except for a few cosmetic changes), and the Epiphone Texan (similar to the Gibson J-45, apart from a change in scale-length). The other Kalamazoo-made Epiphones had technical or cosmetic relationship with the similar Gibson version.

Several Epiphone guitars have been produced in the United States after 1971. The Epiphone Spirit and Special were produced in the early 1980s in Kalamazoo. In 1993, three historic Epiphone acoustic guitars, the Texan, Frontier, and Excellente, were produced by Gibson Acoustic in Montana. The Paul McCartney Texan was produced in 2005, and in 2009, the Epiphone Historic Collection was created, beginning with the 1962 Wilshire, built by Gibson Custom. Several other models, such as the Sheraton and John Lennon Casinos, were built in Japan and assembled and finished by Gibson USA.

Japan
In the early 1970s, Matsumoku began to manufacture Epiphone instruments in Japan with the production and distribution being managed by Aria, in cooperation with Gibson. At this time, Epiphone ceased production of all of its traditional designs and began manufacturing markedly less expensive guitars, many of which had less traditional bolt-on style necks and unspecified wood types. Some of these guitars had similar body shapes to traditional Epiphone and Gibson designs but had different names while other models retained certain model designations, such as the FT (Flat Top) guitars. Construction of these guitars differed greatly from past Epiphone models. For the first several years of production in Japan, Epiphone guitars were actually rebranded designs already produced by the Matsumoku Company.

By 1975, the Japanese market started seeing some of the more familiar designs and names being reintroduced. These guitars were of higher quality than that of the previous years of production in Japan and included models such as the Wilshire, Emperor, Riviera and Newport bass. These models were available to the Japanese market only. By 1976 new designs of higher quality were being introduced for export but did not include the current Japanese market models. Notable new designs from this era were the Monticello (Scroll Guitar), the Presentation (PR) and Nova series flat tops and the Genesis solid body guitar. By 1980, most Japanese-only designs were available for worldwide distribution. One in particular, the ES930J, was made at the famed Terada factory and was a superior instrument. The Matsumoku-made archtops, such as the Emperor, Riviera, Sheraton and Casino, were available into the mid-1980s.

Korea
From the 1980s, Epiphones were manufactured mainly in South Korea and Japan by contractors licensed by Gibson. One of the contractors was Samick, which also built instruments under license for other brands, and in its own name. The brand was primarily used to issue less expensive versions of classic Gibson models.

The guitars were constructed using different woods, generally only distantly related to true mahogany, and were fastened with epoxies rather than traditional wood glues. Gibson and Epiphone guitars all use Titebond resin glue, which is simple carpenters' wood glue, and were finished in hard, quick-to-apply polyester resin rather than the traditional nitro-cellulose lacquer used by Gibson Epiphone guitars assembled or made in the US use lacquer finishes unless it's a san lacquer (SL for short), but those made outside of the US use a polyurethane finish because of pollution requirements. Those particular budget considerations, along with others such as the use of plastic nuts, and cheaper hardware and pickups, make for a more affordable instrument.

After 1996, Epiphones were built by the Peerless Guitars Co. Ltd., established in 1970 in Busan, South Korea. Many of these Peerless guitars, particularly the 1998 models commenting their 125th Anniversary, were very well made, represent excellent value, and have become quite collectable. However, all the guitars made at the Peerless plant, including the vastly underrated Sorrento model, are very well made and are well worth a search.

There is a controversial Epiphone guitar using "LU" serial number. It is said those guitars were made in Indonesia under license from Unsung Korea.

China
Between the Peerless period and the opening of the Qingdao plant, many Epiphones were constructed at the Zaozhuang Saehan plant in China. Guitars from his period are considered to be of high quality and, because of the relative rareness and quality factors, are sought after by Epiphone fans and collectors.

In 2004, Gibson opened a factory in Qingdao, China, which manufactures Epiphone guitars. With few exceptions, Epiphones are now built only in the Qingdao factory.

Also in 2004, Epiphone introduced a series of acoustic guitars named Masterbilt, after a line of guitars of the 1930s, which are built in the same factory.

Imperial Series and Elitist
During the early 1990s, Epiphone released a series called the Imperial Series. These were remakes of the classic Epiphone archtops of the 1930s and '40s. Each instrument was handmade in the FujiGen factory in Japan. This short-lived series was discontinued in 1993, after only 42 Emperors were made. Several other models, including De Luxe, Broadway and Triumph models, were also produced in varying quantities.

Production was moved back to Nashville and Bozeman for a similar limited run of instruments (250 each of Sheratons, Rivieras, Frontiers, Excellentes and Texans). These guitars were the "Nashville USA Collection" (archtops) and the "Anniversary Series" (acoustics). Contrary to popular information, this line was related to, but not part of the 1994 Gibson Centennial Series commemorating 100 years of the Gibson Guitar Corporation. The Nashville and Anniversary Collections were intended as reintroductions of original, USA built Epiphone models.

In 2002, Epiphone began producing a range of higher quality instruments under the "Elite Series" moniker which were built by Terada and FujiGen in Japan. After legal action by Ovation the name was changed to Elitist in 2003. As of 2008, all of the Elitist models have been discontinued with the exception of the Elitist Casino and the Dwight Trash Casino. The Epiphone Elitist guitars included features such as higher grade woods, bone nuts, hand-rubbed finishes, "Made in the USA" pickups and USA strings. Japanese domestic market Elitists used the Gibson Dove-wing headstock as opposed to the "tombstone" headstock used on exports.

Serial numbers and factory codes
Current Epiphone serial numbers give the following information:

Korea

 * I = Saein
 * U = Unsung
 * S = Samick
 * P or R = Peerless
 * K = Korea
 * F = Fine
 * C = Korea

China
 * MR = CHINA
 * DW = DaeWon
 * EA = Gibson/QingDao
 * EE = Gibson/QingDao
 * MC = Muse
 * SJ = SaeJung
 * Z = Zaozhuang Saehan
 * BW = China

Japan

 * No letter or F = FujiGen
 * J or T = Terada

Czech Republic

 * B = Bohêmia Musico-Delicia

Indonesia
 * CI = cort indonesia
 * SI = Samick Indonesia

Example: SI09034853 SI = Samick Indonesia, 09 = 2009, 03 = March, 4853 = manufacturing number.

YYMMFF12345

 * YY year
 * MM month
 * FF factory-code
 * 12345 production#
 * FACTORY NUMBER CODES—for some models starting in 2008, if serial # begins w/numbers
 * [NOTE: The factories identified by these codes are based on patterns that forum members have observed. The numbers appear as the 5th and sixth digits in the serial number.]
 * 11 = MIC sticker on a '08 Masterbilt
 * 12 = DeaWon or Unsung (China—uncertainty remains as to which factory)
 * 13 = Sticker: Made in China (Unknown factory; Epiphone LP-100)
 * 15 = Qingdao (China) – electric
 * 16 = Qingdao (China) – acoustic
 * 17 = China – factory unknown MIC sticker on a J160E
 * 18 = China – factory unknown found on one 2009 model bass
 * 20 = DaeWon or Unsung (China—uncertainty remains as to which factory)
 * 21 = Unsung, Korea
 * 22 = ??? Korea (factory still unknown)
 * 23 = ??? Indonesia (factory still unknown, probably Samick,)
 * I = Indonesia (this letter has appeared as the 5th digit on two authentic new models made in Indonesia

title: Epiphone


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New Holstein

New Holstein is the name of two places in the state of Wisconsin in the United States:

 * New Holstein, Wisconsin, a city in Calumet County
 * New Holstein (town), Wisconsin, a town surrounding the city

title: New Holstein


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May 17 Statement

The May 17 Statement, also called the May 17 Declaration, was a statement jointly issued by the Office for Taiwan Affairs under the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China on 17 May 2004.

Issued three days before Chen Shui-bian's second inaugural, it gave the Taiwanese leadership two choices - "The Taiwan leaders have before them two roads: one is to pull back immediately from their dangerous lurch toward independence, recognizing that both sides of the Taiwan Straits belong to the one and same China and dedicating their efforts to closer cross-Straits relations; the other is play with fire and attempt to cut Taiwan away from China". Though the language used was considered tough, this declaration broke tradition in that it offered different options, as opposed to the firm edicts issued in the past, and addressed "the issue of international living space of the Taiwan region", although the insistence on Taiwan's recognition of One China Policy still has not loosened.

It was intended to convince that it was in Taiwanese interests to recognize the One China Policy, which President Chen has thus far rejected.

There are seven points in the declaration :
 * 1) Resumption of cross-Straits dialogue and negotiations, formal ending of the state of hostility through equal-footed consultations, establishing a mechanism of mutual trust in the military field, and jointly building a framework for peaceful, stable and growing cross-Straits relations.
 * 2) Maintaining close links in an appropriate manner between the two sides of the Straits so as to address the problems in cross-Straits relations through timely consultations.
 * 3) Realizing comprehensive, direct and two-way "Three Links" so as to facilitate commerce, trade, exchanges, travel, tourism and other activities by compatriots on both sides.
 * 4) Establishing closer economic co-operation arrangement on the basis of reciprocity and mutual benefit. Taiwan can acquire greater market access on the mainland for its agricultural products.
 * 5) Increasing exchanges between the compatriots on the two sides of the Straits in the interest of removing misunderstanding, enhancing mutual trust and building common ground.
 * 6) The Taiwan compatriots can realize their aspirations for cross-Straits peace, social stability and economic prosperity while enjoying harmony and tranquility in cross-Straits ties.
 * 7) Properly addressing the issue of international living space of the Taiwan region commensurate with its status so as to share the dignity of the Chinese nation.

Local reporters labelled this statement as CPC General Secretary and Chinese President Hu Jintao's "seven points", as opposed to former general secretary Jiang Zemin's declaration of "Jiang's eight points".

title: May 17 Statement


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Genitofemoral nerve

The genitofemoral nerve is a mixed branch of the lumbar plexus derived from anterior rami of L1-L2. It splits a genital branch and a femoral branch. It provides sensory innervation to the upper anterior thigh, as well as the skin of the anterior scrotum in males and mons pubis in females. It also provides motor innervation to the cremaster muscle (via its genital branch).

Origin
The genitofemoral nerve is a branch of the lumbar plexus. It is derived from the anterior rami of lumbar (spinal) nerves L1-L2. It coalesces within the substances of the psoas major muscle.

Course
It passes downwards, pierces the psoas major and emerges from its anterior surface. The nerve divides into two branches, the genital branch and the lumboinguinal nerve also known as the femoral branch, both of which then continue downwards and medially to the inguinal and femoral canal respectively.

Genital branch
The genital branch continues downward on the surface of the psoas major muscle, then enters the inguinal canal through the deep inguinal ring.

In men, the genital branch supplies the cremaster and scrotal skin. In women, the genital branch accompanies the round ligament of uterus, terminating in and innervating the skin of the mons pubis and labia majora.

Femoral branch
The femoral branch passes underneath the inguinal ligament, travelling through the lateral muscular compartment of the femoral sheath where it innervates skin of the upper leg. Passing through the cribriform fascia of the saphenous opening of the fascia lata of the thigh, it then supplies the skin of the upper, anterior and medial side of thigh.

Variation
The genitofemoral nerve typically pierces and passes through the psoas major muscle before bifurcating into a genital branch and a femoral branch midway along its anterior surface. In approximately 25% of cases, the genitofemoral nerve splits into these branches before it enters the psoas major or within the muscle belly of psoas major (with fibers of the psoas major separating the genital and femoral branches). Usually this variation causes the split to be occur earlier in the genitofemoral nerve, at the upper rather than mid-portion of the anterior surface of the psoas major.

Embryology
The genitofemoral nerve is formed in the midsection of the psoas muscle by the union of branches from the anterior rami of L1 and L2 nerve roots

Function
The genitofemoral nerve is responsible for both the sensory (femoral branch) and motor portions (genital branch) of the cremasteric reflex, which describes contraction of the cremasteric muscle when the skin of the superior medial part of the thigh is touched.

title: Genitofemoral nerve


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Indian scops owl

The Indian scops owl (Otus bakkamoena) is a species of owl native to South Asia.

Taxonomy and etymology
This species formerly included the collared scops owl (Otus lettia). The species epithet is derived from "bakamuna", the Sinhalese name for the white barn owl (Tyto alba), and the brown fish owl (Ketupa zeylonensis).

Description
The Indian scops owl is a small 23–25 cm owl, although it is one of the largest of the scops owls. Like other scops owls, it has small head tufts, or ears. The upperparts are grey or brown, depending on the morph, with faint buff spotting. The underparts are buff with fine darker streaking. The facial disc is whitish or buff, and the eyes are orange or brown. There is a buff neckband. Sexes are similar. The flight is deeply undulating.

This species is very similar to the slightly larger partially migratory collared scops owl (Otus lettia) and the oriental scops owl (Otus sunia). They can be separated on call and eye colour.

Distribution and habitat
The species occurs from eastern Arabia through the Indian Subcontinent, except the far north.

Ecology
The Indian scops owl is nocturnal. Through its natural camouflage, it is very difficult to see in daytime, but may sometimes be located by the small birds that mob it while it is roosting in a tree. It feeds mainly on insects. The call is a soft single note ("whuk?"). It nests in tree holes, laying 3–5 eggs.

title: Indian scops owl


text: Template:Clemson class destroyer

title: Template:Clemson class destroyer


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City of Canning

The City of Canning is a local government area in the southeastern suburbs of the Western Australian capital city of Perth, about 10 km southeast of Perth's central business district. The City covers an area of 64.8 km2 and had a population of approximately 90,000 as at the 2016 Census.

History

A short-lived attempt to create a town trust for the Canning District lasted from 1843-1847, before it was dissolved. The area continued to develop under the control of a Central Board of Works until, in 1871, the Canning Road District was established under the District Roads Act 1871.

The City of Canning originated as the Municipality of Queen's Park, which was established on 1 July 1907 when the original Canning Road District was divided into two and split into the Queen's Park municipality and the Gosnells Road District (later to become the City of Gosnells). It was renamed the Queen's Park Road District on 5 November 1913.

It was renamed again to become the second Canning Road District on 17 June 1921, and received a large amount of land from the abolished Jandakot Road District on 30 November 1923. On 1 July 1961, Canning Road District became the Shire of Canning under the Local Government Act 1960, which reformed all remaining road districts into shires. On 4 December 1970 it gained town status as the Town of Canning and assumed its current name when it gained city status on 10 March 1979.

In 1974 the then-Town of Canning brought heritage registered Woodles Homestead to create a local Heritage museum.

In late 2012, an inquiry against the Canning City Council launched by the State Government's Department of Local Government resulted in a 476-page report "pointing to widespread dysfunction, micromanagement and alleged serious governance irregularities." As a result, the State Government ordered the suspension of the Council, appointing Linton Reynolds to replace it as City Commissioner.

Two years later, in mid-September 2014, it was reported that the State Government had sacked the four remaining Canning councillors, to be replaced by a panel of three new Commissioners upon the end of Commissioner Reynolds' tenure on 16 September. As part of the Department of Local Governments' plans, in which the number of local councils would have been reduced drastically, it was announced that the City of Canning would be split up and merged into neighbouring local areas, including the City of Gosnells and City of Melville. Since the failure of the state government's council merger process, the governor's order for the merger has been revoked.

Wards
The city is divided into five wards with each ward electing two councillors while the mayor is directly elected.
 * Mason Ward (Bentley, East Cannington, Queens Park, St James and Welshpool)
 * Bannister Ward (Riverton, Rossmoyne and Shelley)
 * Beeliar Ward (Leeming and Willetton)
 * Nicholson Ward (Canning Vale and Parkwood)
 * Beeloo Ward (Cannington, Ferndale, Lynwood and Wilson)

Suburbs
The suburbs of the City of Canning with population and size figures based on the most recent Australian census: ( * indicates suburb partially located within City)

Heritage-listed places
, 107 places are heritage-listed in the City of Canning, of which eight are on the State Register of Heritage Places, among them Castledare Boys' Home and Woodloes Homestead.

Sister cities

 * Casoli, Abruzzo, Italy (2010)

Canning also shares a friendship agreement with Fresagrandinaria, Abruzzo, Italy.

title: City of Canning


text:
New Home

New Home is the name of several towns in the United States:

 * New Home Township, Missouri
 * New Home Township, North Dakota
 * New Home, Missouri
 * New Home, Texas

title: New Home


text:
Talk:Anglo-America

Anglophone Canadians
"A significant proportion of Canadians do not speak English"

This isn't necessarily true, the overwhelming majority speak at least some English, even if they choose not to. This sentence as it stands can give an inaccurate impression and should be re-written.Fire Star 14:58, 23 May 2004 (UTC)

Little used term?
I disagree. There are plenty of Google hits, and Brittanica has a (stubby) article. English-speaking North Americans are a very important ethnic group (or group of closely-related ethnic groups) with a rich culture and history. How could there not be a term for where they live?

Pekinensis 17:35, 17 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Sadly it is true, hardly used.

Falklands?
Does the Falklands count as Anglo-America?

 * It should do. Even its nemesis Argentina has a long standing Anglo-Saxon population, particularly in Buenos Aires. The legacy's in the sports they play like Polo and rugby etc

Anglo is not in the same level of Latin

 * Latin languages: french, spanish, italian, portuguese, romanian, etc.
 * German languages: english, dutch, deutsche, norwegian, swedish, etc.

The opposite of Latin America is German America

That's incorrect, the opposite of Germanic America would be Italic America.

 * I was actually thinking about this and I came to this conclusion "Anglo-America" could be the "opposite" of Hispanic America if you well (even if I don’t see why this would be); and in the grander view a new article could be made that is called "Germanic America" that shows all the territories that have a Germanic derive culture in America or the Americas which ever you want. -- sion8 9:04, 8 May 2013 (UTC)

German America would be related to the German language, which isn't widely spoken in the Americas. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Hesteriana (talk • contribs) 20:42, 30 October 2020 (UTC)

Not only english as German language
German America is better. in Suriname, Netherlands Antilles and Aruba Dutch is spoken, no english.

 * The terms and meanings of German and Germanic should not be confused. siarach 15:02, 1 October 2006 (UTC)

"Anglo-America"
I have never heard this term used before and the Google hits weren't encouraging. The western hemisphere can be divided culturally into Latin American (which includes Central and South America) and North America. The term North America is ambiguous: it can refer to just US+Canada (so-called "Anglo-America"), sometimes US+Canada+Mexico, and sometimes it can also include Central America, in which case its geographic meaning is different from its cultural meaning. (I'm leaving out islands for simplicity.) This is why some Spanish-speaking people refer to Americans/Canadians as norteamericanos. Has anyone else ever heard this term used to describe US+Canada? It sounds like a neologism. Tocharianne 21:48, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

The term isn't a neologism. You may never had heard the term before, but you may have heard of "Anglo-Americans" (which is a term normally used to refer to Anglophone Canadians and Americans - especially in contrast to Quebec). As the article rightly points out in its introduction, the term has two overlapping meanings. A more narrower, cultural definition referring to the US and Canada (minus Quebec and probably Cajun areas of Louisiana) and a broader, linguistic definition encompassing all the areas of the Americas where English is the predominant language (whether official or not). I have to disagree though with your classification of culture in the Americas. The western hemisphere cannot simply be divided culturally into Latin American and North American. That division excludes the non-Spanish/French speaking territories in North America (including Greenland, Central America and the West Indies/Caribbean) and South America. It also excludes the Inuits and Native Americans and indigenous Amerindians in South America. Their is a predominant Latin culture and a predominant Canadian-American culture (although where the Quebecois/Quebeckers fall in all this depends on their opinions), but they are not the only cultures.72.27.165.213 06:01, 17 February 2007 (UTC)

edits on 1-8-2007
I removed the latest addition from BrendelSignature because it listed this pdf as a reference, but I can't find any place where that article uses the term Anglo-American or specifically mentions western states. If I missed finding it, please let me know and we can add it back. Tocharianne 02:28, 9 January 2007 (UTC)

I believe the title of this article should be changed to Teutonic America
If you were to split the Americas into two parts following the language factor, the best option is to call this article "Teutonic America" (as in opposition to "Latin America). Different from the word "Germanic", that is too much linked to Germany only, the word "Teutonic" encompasses several nations of North Europe, England, Netherlands and Denmark included.  Plus, it would work way better if your goal is to fit Suriname (Dutch speaking), Greenland (a territory of Denmark) and USA in a same common category that is based on the languages spoken.

As for Quebec and Lousiania, you shouldn't worry wether the classification would fit or not, because the line separating Americas into "Latin America" and "Teutonic America" is not supposed to fraction countries into parts. The idea is to group entire countries in one or other linguistic side, and what matters in this case is what language is spoken by the majority of the population of a given country, provinces and states don't count. Quebec is in Canada and Quebecois are Canadians and since 75%-80% of all the Canadians speak English as their first language, then that's enough to group Canada in the Teutonic America.--Patrasmentium 12:46, 2 May 2007 (UTC)

errors in the map?
The map seems to suggest that Panama, Guyane (French Guiana), and the ABC islands (the Netherlands Antilles) are "regions where English is prevalent, or where people have English historical roots," in line with Belize, Jamaica, and so on. Shurely shome mishtake? --jbmurray (talk|contribs) 07:31, 8 June 2007 (UTC)

How can the map be changed?
I completely agree with jbmurray and I'd also add some things: -Hawaii is coloured on the map!!!!!! If Hawaii is coloured, maybe we should colour all of the US dependencies. I propose to decolour Hawaii from the map because it's not part of America! -Panama? Panama belonged to Colombia until 1903, was conquered by Spain and its official language is Spanish (only). Panama should be decoloured. -In the article says: "Suriname is not a part of Anglo-America because Dutch is the official language there, like in the Netherlands Antilles and Aruba."...so why are Suriname and the ABC islands coloured??? -Guadeloupe and Maritinique seem to be coloured too. Should I change the map using Paint? How do you think the map can be corrected? Lautarocos 01:03, 19 June 2007 (UTC)

 * Hi. It appears that Guyana and Suriname are highlighted (not French Guiana) -- the first is English-speaking.  Dutch is spoken in Suriname, as in the ABC islands.  Apparently, English is common in Panama, despite Spanish being official.  A number of the Antilles are English-speaking, but (in my opinion) the individual islands may be hard to distinguish on this map.  Hawaii, though not technically part of the American landmass, is English-speaking and a part of the United States of America.  Is there a list of territories in Anglo-America we can refer to when/if changing the map?  I suppose the PNG map can be edited using any picture editing programme like Paint.  Quizimodo 02:16, 19 June 2007 (UTC)

 * I liked the idea of making a list so here it goes:

1- Canada (Quebec could be coloured in light green instead of dark green, as it is now). I agree with you, Quizimodo: maybe the islands might be too difficult to distinguish (so as St. Pierre and Miquelon...) 2- USA, including Alaska but excluding Hawaii. It might be better to get other map of the American continent, so as to exclude Hawaii (because it's not in America but in Oceania) or to not colour Hawaii. I'm just talking about the continents, and not about the fact that Hawaii is, obviously, "Anglo-Oceanic". 3- Guyana: I think it might be dark green because English is the official language in there and the English culture is important there. Elizabeth II was Queen of Guyana until 1970. 4- Belize: the same reasons as in Guyana. Elizabeth II is Queen of Belize at the moment. It could be changed from light to dark green. 5- Falkland islands: the fact of the sovereignity of the islands doesn't deny the fact that the Falklanders speak English and don't follow Argentinian culture. 6- Jamaica: obvious reasons. 7- Bahamas. 8- Bermuda. 9- Puerto Rico (in light green since Spanish is also an official language) 10- Both Virgin islands. 11- Small islands in the Caribbean: Anguilla, Antigua & Barbuda, Cayman islands, Montserrat, St Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Grenada and Trinidad and Tobago. I'd definitely take away from the map: - ABC islands: I don't know why they were put in the map in the very first place (perhaps the creator of the map painted the whole Caribbean...) - Suriname: the same as ABC islands. - Panama: the country was conquered and colonized by Spain; it belonged to Colombia; its official language is Spanish (and not both English and Spanish, such as Puerto Rico). In the Wikipedia article about Panama says that 14% of the Panamanians speak English and, as a "note", "many Panamanians are bilingual". 14% is not that much so as to be light-green coloured on the map. Besides, the Panamanian culture is completely different, an English king or queen never ruled Panama, etc. If Panama is coloured maybe we should colour the whole map...what country doesn't have influencies from the English and the US culture? Here in Mexico we have lots of McDonalds, Starbucks, Tommy Hilfiger, etc., and we may say that "many Mexicans are bilingual" since English is taught in most of the schools. In the US-Mexico border the fluency of the English and the dollar is even greater than in Mexico City. So we have to decolour Panama or we would have to colour lots of other LatinAmerican countries. Lautarocos 05:19, 19 June 2007 (UTC)

 * I think the map is basically fine, since it shows the Western hemisphere/Americas and is used elsewhere too. However, I believe it can be improved -- I will work on creating an SVG version with better resolution. The list above is all fine and good, but is there a list of countries in Anglo-America we can refer to?  In absence of that, I think we would need to consult a listing of countries in the Americas and determine the ones in which English is official or used by the majority.  I think that only two countries should be rendered dark green -- the US and Canada (except for Quebec) -- since the term is sometimes used to refer to those two countries alone (and this is referenced in the article); others in Anglo-America (including Quebec) should be in light green.  Otherwise, we're back to where we started.  Quizimodo 10:43, 19 June 2007 (UTC)

 * Ok, I agree with the dark-green colour used in the US and non-Quebec Canada. I have an idea: is it possible to take a map from the Caribbean from the Caribbean article of Wikipedia and, maybe, mark with a colour the NAME of the country? In that way we will tell people in an accurate way where English culture and language is very important.

Lautarocos 00:31, 20 June 2007 (UTC)

 * Perhaps. I'm working on an improved map of the Western Hemisphere.  As well, there appears to be a nifty feature whereby we can place a link (with text) on a specific area of the map -- for instance, look at the third map on the right at Europe.  I'm not totally sure how this works, but maybe we can use that feature here? Quizimodo 00:36, 20 June 2007 (UTC)

Angelina Jolie?
World's most powerful actress? That sounds very unencyclopedic. 74.78.98.109 (talk) 19:09, 2 March 2008 (UTC)

Notice of Significant Edits - please comment
Hi, I'm about to make the following significant edits to this article as it defines Anglo-America incorrectly - looks to me as if someone was trying to "expand" the definition. The only references and definitions I can find for Anglo-America does not refer to "those parts of the Americas in which English is the main language" - it only refers to North America (USA + Canada) and England/United Kingdom. I can find no references or citations to substantiate the broader claim, and the included references actually state The term “Anglo-America” is frequently used in reference to Canada and the United States combined, while the term “Middle America” is used to describe the region including Mexico, the republics of Central America, and the Caribbean.". Of the following edits, please let me know if you have reason to object or if you believe there is something useful and of value about to be editted out:

Bardcom (talk) 16:27, 29 March 2008 (UTC)
 * Remove broader definition (until WP:V is satisfied)
 * Remove paragraph "Commonwealth of Nations" (not part of definition, not part of USA + Canada)
 * Substantially edit the Demographics paragraph as per above - alot of duplication from other article is apparent and a reference will suffice
 * Remove Transportation paragraph as it attempts to define Anglo-America as an entity with defined statistics but most of the statistics are WP:Synthesis

 * Oddly enough, as I'm opposing Bardcom's apparently wholesale attempts to get rid of the phrase 'British Isles', I agree with at leat some of the above. As an American myself, I have always (many decades I'm afraid) understood Anglo-American to be similar to 'African-American', etc, ie meaning WASP (white anglo-saxon Protestant). The section on the Commonwealth is just puzzling and doesn't belong to.  Anglo-American as an adjective to me means something to do with relationships between the USA and the UK. A Google search on the term brings up 64,000 (including Wikipedia) which doesn't justify the word 'frequently' at all.
 * So, I find this article confusing and not at all in line with common usage. The America in 'Anglo-America' means the USA - I doubt that you would find many people in the USA or Canada disputing that.

 * And Middle America? Please, that is part of the USA, nothing to do with any other country. That's ridiculous, look at the disambiguation page which is correct. Was this article written as some sort of hoax or joke? The image is just a public domain image someone has recoloured and then added some text. I'd say the Britannica is just plain wrong about this. It's interesting that my Oxford Dictionary (big huge one) doesn't even have the word at all.

 * So, I want to go further than Bardcom. Almost all of the article should go.Doug Weller (talk) 20:25, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

 * I see it finally agrees with the definitions in the Britannica, the one referenced, etc. It was ridiculous to have a reference that contradicts the lead.

Confusing and/or false statement
"Regardless of their ethnic affiliation in the US, all English speaking North Americans are seen as Anglo abroad." What on earth does this actually mean and if I understand it as so, I don't think this is true at all! Caucasian - North Americans are often viewed differently or stereotyped differently abroad, (in East Asia at least) and what on earth does "abroad" even mean. What a messy statement. Delete or change it to make sense! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 125.82.14.142 (talk) 08:20, 3 June 2010 (UTC)
 * I think it's both confusing and false. I've deleted it. > Minnecologies Talk 01:40, 13 September 2010 (UTC)

French Canadians...
Francophone Canadians exist outside of Quebec, and Canada is officially bilingual. I agree with using the term "Anglo-American" to mean an anglophone/english speaking American (in the sense of the continent) but using physical geographical boundaries to define the "Anglo-American Area" is incorrect. I would see the term "Anglo-American" as a linguistic and cultural term, representing the common Western culture that has developped in Anglophone speaking North America, not a political or geographical term.

My analysis would make the three main linguistic/cultural groups Anglophones in the U.S. and Canada, Francophones in Canada (Quebec, Acadia and the rest of Canada, the latter being for the most part descendents of french-canadian trappers and Quebec migrants before the cultural shift), Haiti, and french overseas departments such as Saint-Pierre et Miquelon and Hispanophones in Mexico and the U.S. The Carribean is a more complex situation in this case, but either way, the terms should serve strictly on a personal identity basis for the speakers of English, French or Spanish.

Swiffer (talk) 08:51, 16 June 2010 (UTC)

Change the article to "Germanic-America"
In order to include some other countries that don't fit in on the classifications of Latin and Anglo America, like Suriname, Aruba, The Netherlands Antilles, Greenland, etc; this article should be changed to Germanic-America, because English and Dutch are Germanic languages official in some parts of the Americas. --Marmen2010 (talk) 18:55, 15 September 2010 (UTC)
 * If anything, that language-based classification would be a separate article. > Minnecologies Talk 20:26, 15 September 2010 (UTC)

"Germanic" is a term related directly to the germanic people. And not to the Anglo-Saxon people, or its languages.

Puerto Rico....
I'm surprised Puerto Rico isn't included. Puerto Rico is BOTH part of Anglo-America AND Latin America, since English (alongside with Spanish) has been the official language of Puerto Rico since 1898. Kanzler31 (talk) 22:39, 7 October 2010 (UTC)

Puerto Rico is NOT part of Anglo-America at all. Anybody who lives or go to Puerto Rico knows that Puerto Ricans speak English worse than the Scandinavians, and nobody says that Sweden is part of Anglo-Ammerica.--83.44.102.221 (talk) 02:45, 6 March 2011 (UTC)

According to the US Census in Puerto Rico 82% of the population is WHITE, not Black, so change that.--83.44.102.221 (talk) 02:50, 6 March 2011 (UTC)

 * Anglo America and Latin America are antonyms. So can P.R. really be one *and* the other? "Latin America" was devised by Napoleon as a way to isolate the British controlled areas. CaribDigita (talk) 00:51, 31 December 2011 (UTC)

Why is Puerto Rico included here? It is Spanish-speaking, and the article about the country also says that only about 10 % of the population has good knowledge of the English language. Puerto Rico is clearly part of Latin-America and clearly not part of Anglo-America! --Oddeivind (talk) 10:59, 3 November 2012 (UTC)

It seems to me Puerto Rico and Quebec are in the same boat, so it doesn't make sense that one (Puerto Rico) is part of Anglo-America and the other (Quebec) is not. In each case the larger country (the US and Canada) is part of Anglo-America, but each culture has more influence from elsewhere (French and Latin American). They should either both count as Anglo-American, or both not. M-1 (talk) 00:07, 8 April 2015 (UTC)

The irony
That the USA has several states that make up 1/3 of the mainland once conquered, named, and retains strong Latin roots (i.e. California.) Not exactly "Anglo" to me. 108.182.22.10 (talk) 00:28, 16 February 2013 (UTC)
 * well no--99.9% of the the Hispanics in California arrived after 1900. Apart from very recent arrivals the great majority speak English. There are strong "roots" only in New Mexico (and Puerto Rico). Rjensen (talk) 01:16, 16 February 2013 (UTC)

Question
Why is it called Anglo-America and not Anglo America? like Latin America and not Latin-America? Thanks. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 200.121.138.171 (talk) 05:08, 3 March 2013 (UTC)
 * Latin is a whole word used as a modifier, Anglo- is a prefix. --Khajidha (talk) 18:34, 24 March 2013 (UTC)

Puerto Rico being considered as Anglo-America?
I understand that Puerto Rico is a unincorporated territory of the United States but that doesn't mean Puerto Rico is considered to be Anglo-America. First of all, Puerto Rico mostly speaks Spanish, Spanish is like 98 or 99%. Puerto Ricans are known for speaking Spanish in their homeland. There is no such thing as Puerto Rico having English-speaking Puerto Ricans as a great majority in Puerto Rico. It's not like how in Canada, they are English Canadians and French Canadians, not at all. Also, many Puerto Ricans in Puerto Rico do not even speak English and when they do, they have a massively weird accent. Puerto Ricans also have Spanish last names as a majority. Also, Puerto Rico was never colonized by the British. Being Anglo, you need to be colonized by the British, the British didn't colonized Puerto Rico and when America got Puerto Rico, America was becoming way more diverse. Due to those reasons, Puerto Rico is not really considered to be part of Anglo-America. It's just Latin America. It's also not a good example of Anglo-America at all.( Mikeis1996 (talk) 20:00, 6 October 2015 (UTC)
 * I don't like how you removed it without explanation--luckily I found that you posted here. However, this book lists Puerto Rico side-by-side with Anglo-America and seems to support your point. But you're going to have to present better arguments--arguments based on sources. Drmies (talk) 20:05, 6 October 2015 (UTC)

In the book, it said, Anglo America and Puerto Rico. They didn't include Puerto Rico in Anglo-America or even try to. It was separated. I don't think Puerto Rico is Anglo-America at all. English is only a co-official language because of being a territory of the United States Of America but only a small 5% speaks English. I have also been there and while I was there, most didn't evem know how to read or even write in English and those who could, had very weird accents. It's mostly Spanish-speaking. Also, Puerto Rico uses way less English than on Quebec, the French-speaking province of Canada. The only difference is that Quebec is 100% Canada since Quebecers can vote for the Canadian Prime Minister and have all the rules of those of Canada while in Puerto Rico, Puerto Ricans can't vote for a U.S. President at all and also, Quebec is in the mainland of Canada, it's next to the English-speaking provinces of Canada while Puerto Rico is in the Caribbean and it's next to the Dominican Republic and Cuba which are both Spanish-speaking nations.( Mikeis1996 (talk)

 * Puerto Rico is next to Cuba? I'd like to see that map! - BilCat (talk) 18:33, 6 February 2016 (UTC)

Incomplete
The Mesquite coast in eastern NIcaragua/Honduras is also English-speaking even though the entire country isnot.Lihaas (talk) 03:12, 21 October 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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Can we add quebec to anglo america?
Since the article on Latin America doesnt want Quebec can we add Quebec to Anglo america? 2A01:11:220:2B10:D8AF:2D3:846F:491A (talk) 15:27, 30 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Anglo-America


text:
Brown hare

Brown hare may refer to:

 * Cape hare (Lepus capensis)
 * European hare (Lepus europaeus)

title: Brown hare


text:
Shire of Chittering

The Shire of Chittering is a local government area in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, covering an area of about 1200 km2 just beyond the northeastern fringe of the Perth metropolitan area, generally along and east of the Great Northern Highway. Its seat of government is the town of Bindoon.

History
It was established as the Chittering Brook Road District on 10 January 1896, but was renamed the Chittering Road District on 7 February that year. On 1 July 1961, it became a shire following the enactment of the Local Government Act 1960, which reformed all remaining road districts into shires.

Wards
On 3 May 2003, wards were abolished throughout the shire, and the 7 councillors represent all residents in the shire.

Prior to this, the ward system was as follows:
 * Bindoon Ward (3 councillors)
 * Chittering Ward (2 councillors)
 * Muchea Ward (1 councillor)
 * Wannamal Ward (1 councillor)

Towns and localities
The towns and localities of the Shire of Chittering with population and size figures based on the most recent Australian census:

Heritage-listed places
As of 2023, 148 places are heritage-listed in the Shire of Chittering, of which three are on the State Register of Heritage Places.

title: Shire of Chittering