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Irpin

Irpin (Ірпінь, ) is a city on the Irpin River in Bucha Raion, Kyiv Oblast, northern Ukraine. It is located next to the capital Kyiv. Irpin hosts the administration of Irpin urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The city has a population of

The city has a railway station built in 1899. In 2022, it received the title Hero City of Ukraine.

In the 2022 Battle of Irpin during the Russian invasion of Ukraine, 70% of the city was damaged. As of June 25, 2023, the city's mayor reported that most people had already returned: "Yes, we have already returned 85% of the entire city's population. In addition, we have received almost 25,000 internally displaced persons, mostly from the east."

History
In the 17th century on the site of Irpin were the villages of Romanivka and khutir Lyubka. In the 19th century Severynivka village, and khutirs Rudnya and Stoyanka appeared.

Irpin was formed in 1899 as a passing loop, during construction of the Kyiv–Kovel railway line. Railway workers founded the town near the railway road along with other localities such as Bucha and Vorzel. The city's name (along with the city of Vorzel) was chosen due to its location on the Irpin River.

From 26 July 1941, right after the Battle of Kyiv, it was occupied by the Wehrmacht until November 1943, when Kyiv was recaptured. Most of its Jewish population were murdered in either Babi Yar or other massacres by the Nazis.

In 1956, Irpin's status was changed to that of a "city of raion (district) subordination," subordinate to the Kyiv-Sviatoshyn Raion (district).

On 30 December 1962, the Presidium of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian SSR issued a decree changing the status of Irpin to that of a "city of oblast subordination," thus being directly subordinate to the oblast authorities rather than the city administration housed within the city. Also mentioned within the decree were the inclusion of the urban-type settlements of Bucha (a city of oblast significance since 2007), Vorzel, Hostomel, and Kotsiubynske within the city limits.

Until 18 July 2020, Irpin was incorporated as a city of oblast significance and the center of Irpin Municipality, which also included the urban-type settlement of Hostomel, Kotsiubynske, and Vorzel. In July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Kyiv Oblast to seven, Irpin Municipality was merged into Bucha Raion.

2022 Russian invasion
During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Irpin became the site of a battlefield engagement during the Kyiv offensive. Russian forces took the Hostomel Airport in the north of the city to facilitate an advance southwards, around Kyiv. The city was shelled by Russian artillery while the Ukrainians were able to repel and destroy multiple forces attempting to move into the town. According to Human Rights Watch, on March 6, 2022, Russian forces bombarded an intersection on a road of Irpin which was used by civilians to flee. As of 24 March 2022, 80% of the city was recaptured from Russian occupants by Ukrainian Armed Forces. On 28 March, Mayor Oleksandr Markushyn announced that all of Irpin was fully recovered by the Ukrainian forces. On March 30, the mayor of Irpin said that the Russian military had killed more than 300 civilians and 50 servicemen in the city.

On 31 August 2022, the Declaration on Cooperation was signed in Irpin by the National Republican Army and Russian Volunteer Corps in an aim to overthrow the regime of Vladimir Putin.

On 24 August 2023, the Ruta Kindergarten was opened under a collaborative project by Lithuania and Taiwan.

Economy
There are 22 industrial manufacturers operating in the Irpin region. The city has close to one thousand enterprises of various forms of ownership. The most notable are Peremoha Industrial Complex of Irpin (bricks, reinforced concrete components, heat insulation and sound proofing materials), Irpinmash (gears for agricultural industry), Perun Trading Firm (books), KATECH-electro Private Commercial and Manufacturing Company (cabling and wiring products), Irpintorfmash factory (construction materials), and a furniture factory, just to name some.

The agricultural sector of Irpin provides the capital of Ukraine, Kyiv, with potatoes and other vegetables.

The city is also a health resort area known for its recreational facilities.

Sport
The city has a well developed sports infrastructure. At some point it used to host several professional football clubs, among which are Dynamo Irpin (later known as FC Ros Bila Tserkva), Nafkom-Akademiya (later known as FC Nafkom Brovary), and others.

In the summer of 2016 a newly built small city stadium was opened in the city.

There is also a sports school, a football academy, and several other sports organizations such as a rugby club. A number of sports events are conducted regularly at the city's stadium.

Education

 * University of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine (formerly State Tax Academy)
 * School of Economy of the National Agrarian University
 * Evangelical Bible Seminary

Notable people

 * Ukrainian mixed martial artist Yaroslav Amosov was born in Irpin
 * Soviet writer Nikolay Nosov spent his childhood in Irpin
 * Ukrainian photographer Yuri Kosin works in Irpin
 * Ukrainian singer LOBODA was born in Irpin

Sister cities
Irpin's sister cities are:

 * 🇺🇸 Milwaukee, United States
 * 🇩🇪 Borna, Germany
 * 🇪🇸 Guernica, Spain
 * 🇺🇸 Syracuse, New York, United States

title: Irpin


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Irpin (river)

The Irpin or Irpen (Ірпінь; Ирпень) is a river in Ukraine, a right tributary of the Dnieper River. It is 162 km long, and has a drainage basin of 3340 km2. Irpin city is one of the urban settlements beside the river.

The original confluence of the Irpin and the Dnieper is beneath the surface of the Kyiv Reservoir, which was formed by the dam for the Kyiv Hydroelectric Power Plant in the mid-1960s. A second dam, immediately south of the village of Kozarovychi, was built to stop the reservoir from inundating more of the Irpin river basin. The Irpin reaches the dam 6.5–7 meters below the level of the reservoir and electrical pumps raise it into the reservoir.

The lands around the Irpin were the heartland of Kyivan Rus, and the chronicles mention the river in connection with several important historic events, such as the Battle on the Irpin River of 1321 in which the Grand Duke of Lithuania Gediminas (Gedemin) allegedly gained control over the lands of what is now central Ukraine. The river also defended Kyiv from German invasion during World War II.

Prior to the creation of Soviet-era dams, the Irpin basin was a biodiverse wetland.

In 2022, during the first two days of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the Ukrainian Armed Forces destroyed the three lower bridges over the river, north-west of Kyiv, to hinder the Russian advance on the city. The bridges were at the village of Demydiv (near Kyiv Reservoir) and two at Irpin city. Ukrainian troops also opened the Kozarovychi dam on the second day of the invasion, to flood the Irpin basin, including houses in Demydiv. The flooding effectively created a shallow lake that prevented Russian vehicles from advancing across it. Russian shelling later damaged the dam, which made it more difficult for the Ukrainians to drain the area after the Russians had withdrawn.

Ecologists argue that the dams should not be rebuilt and that the wetland should be protected and restored.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Irpin (river)


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Tim Barnett (politician)

Timothy Andrew Barnett (born 4 August 1958) is a New Zealand politician who was the member of the New Zealand House of Representatives for Christchurch Central from 1996 to 2008, representing the Labour Party. He is a British immigrant to New Zealand and New Zealand's second openly gay politician. Barnett moved to South Africa in 2009 to work in the field of HIV/AIDS. He returned to New Zealand in 2012 when he was appointed by the Labour Party as their general secretary.

Early life
Born in Rugby, Warwickshire, England, on 4 August 1958, he moved to New Zealand in 1991 with his former partner, Jonathan Kirkpatrick. Educated at the London School of Economics, graduating with a B.Sc. (Honours) in Economics (Government) in 1981. In the United Kingdom he had been the inaugural executive director of the Stonewall Lobby Group, which was the first professional lobby group set up in that country to work for equal rights for lesbian and gay people.

Member of Parliament
He was elected to Parliament as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Christchurch Central in 1996. He has been active in many community-based organisations in New Zealand, including the lesbian, gay and transgender (LGBT) section of the Labour Party, (Rainbow Labour) which he helped to found in 1997, and is a supporter of UniQ, the Queer Students Association at New Zealand universities. He was the Parliamentary promoter of the Prostitution Law Reform Bill, a Bill in his name, which became law in 2003 and thus made New Zealand the first country in the world to decriminalise prostitution, and an outspoken supporter of the Civil Union Bill, which became law in 2004 and made New Zealand the first country outside Europe to legislate for equal relationship status for lesbian and gay couples. He was appointed Senior Government Whip after the 2005 election. He was known to be very active in his local electorate chairing a Youth Advisory Committee as well as being a regular contributor to the St Albans Neighbourhood News.

At the 2005 general election, Barnett was re-elected with 52.35% of the vote and a majority of 6,694. He retired at the 2008 general election.

After Parliament
Barnett was appointed as the global programmes manager for the World AIDS Campaign in February 2009 and was based in Cape Town, South Africa.

In July 2012, Barnett returned to New Zealand and was appointed as general secretary of the Labour Party.

In October 2015, Barnett was appointed to the iwi tribal authority of the Ngāi Tūhoe as the Group Manager for Iwi (Tribe) based at the Southern Hemisphere's largest living building, Te Uru Taumatua, in Taneatua. In that role Barnett held the portfolio's Health, Housing, Education and Social Well-Being. Barnett resided in the rural township of Ruatoki during that period.

In June 2017, Barnett become the CEO of FinCap (The National Building Financial Capability Trust), a new nationwide organisation dedicated to serving and strengthening New Zealand's network of financial capability and budget advice agencies. Those local services support people facing urgent and deep financial problems to manage their debts and successfully find ways forward. FinCap has a network of 200 agencies throughout NZ and works with government and NGOs on a range of issues that aims to change of landscape of harm that debt and other associated factors has on the well being of all New Zealanders.

To date, Barnett also supports and assist with iwi governance strategic planning as an advisor and a mentor to Members of the New Zealand Parliament.

title: Tim Barnett (politician)


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List of baronetcies

This article lists baronetcies, whether extant, extinct, dormant (D), unproven (U), under review (R) or forfeit, in the baronetages of England, Nova Scotia, Great Britain, Ireland and the United Kingdom.

The holders of some of the baronetcies listed on the lists have died but in each case, up to the present, no person has proved succession and thus been placed upon the Official Roll of the Baronetage. Those that are marked with a "D" in the last column are regarded as being dormant since, although heirs are known to exist, succession has not been proved within a period of five years from the death of the holder.

A baronetcy becomes extinct when heirs cannot be traced and are believed not to exist. In this case, it should not be listed on the Official Roll but would be re-activated should an heir subsequently emerge.

The Royal Warrant of Edward VII of 8 February 1910 states "no person whose name is not entered on the Official Roll shall be received as a Baronet, or shall be addressed or mentioned by that title in any civil or military Commission, Letters Patent or other official document".

The lists below are not corroborated by The Standing Council of the Baronetage, the Lord Chancellor's Department or the Home Office. In addition, only the first is complete; the other five do not at the moment list all extinct baronetcies.

 * List of extinct baronetcies
 * List of extant baronetcies – complete
 * List of baronetcies in the Baronetage of England (from 1611 to 1707)
 * List of baronetcies in the Baronetage of Ireland (from 1619 to 1801)
 * List of baronetcies in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia (from 1624 to 1707)
 * List of baronetcies in the Baronetage of Great Britain (from 1707 to 1801)
 * List of baronetcies in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom (from 1801)

title: List of baronetcies


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Poodle Hat

Poodle Hat is the eleventh studio album by "Weird Al" Yankovic, released on May 20, 2003. It was the fifth studio album self-produced by Yankovic. The musical styles on the album are built around parodies and pastiches of pop of the early-2000s. The album's lead single, "Couch Potato", is a parody of "Lose Yourself" by Eminem. The single failed to chart, although the album's song "eBay" (a parody of "I Want It That Way" by Backstreet Boys) eventually peaked at 15 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles in 2007.

The album featured five parodies. Aside from the aforementioned "Couch Potato" and "eBay", the album also spoofs "Hot in Herre" by Nelly, "Complicated" by Avril Lavigne, and "Piano Man" by Billy Joel. The album includes six original songs, featuring many "style parodies", or musical imitations of existing artists. These style parodies include imitations of specific artists like Ben Folds, Beck, and Frank Zappa. A polka medley of popular songs was also included on the album. A music video for the song "Couch Potato" was planned but was cancelled due to objections by Eminem.

Poodle Hat was released as an Enhanced CD, meaning that when the disc is placed in a computer, bonus content (including alternate song mixes, short videos, and photo galleries) is viewable. The album met with mixed reviews from critics; some felt that the album represented an artistic misstep for Yankovic, whereas others enjoyed its skewering of early 2000s popular culture. The album peaked at number 17 on the Billboard 200. The album also peaked at number 12 on the Billboard Comedy Albums chart, making it the first of Yankovic's records to earn a position on said chart.

Originals
On March 25, 2002, recording for Poodle Hat officially began. By mid-2002, six originals—"Hardware Store", "Party at the Leper Colony", "Wanna B Ur Lovr", "Why Does This Always Happen to Me?", "Bob", and "Genius in France"—had been recorded.

The album's first original song is "Hardware Store", a list song that, as the title suggests, is about a new neighborhood hardware store and describes the items that can be purchased there with excruciating detail. The song was originally intended to be a pastiche, or "style parody", of another (unspecified) artist, but during recording sessions it evolved into an original composition. In a GQ interview, Yankovic opted not to reveal the identity of the original parodied musical artist, explaining that if he did, the factoid would end up as a Wikipedia entry.

"Party at the Leper Colony" is a dance song set in a leper colony. The song makes heavy use of wordplay, lampooning common English idioms by taking them literally, often to a grotesque degree, as the characters with leprosy lose body parts throughout the song (e.g. "Dance all night to a rotten band/Come on, people, let's give 'em a hand"). "Wanna B Ur Lovr", a pastiche of Midnite Vultures-era Beck, consists of pick-up lines which become steadily more ridiculous and suggestive. Because the spelling of the song's title recalls the manner in which Prince titled many of his records, Yankovic specified on his website that the "song is actually intended to sound like me trying to sound like Beck trying to sound like Prince" [emphasis in original].

"Why Does This Always Happen to Me?" emulates the style of Ben Folds. According to music critic Nathan Rabin, the song "amplifies the noxious self-absorption of the American character to hilarious extremes" by describing a narrator who, upon hearing about a number of horrible tragedies, only complains about the (minor) inconveniences that affect him. Folds himself plays piano on the track. Yankovic later told The A.V. Club: "Ben and I are old friends at this point, and of course I sought his keyboard work for that song. So he came in and knocked it out. I think that's an F-Sharp, so he was kind of mad at me for that."

"Bob" is a style parody of Bob Dylan, composed entirely of palindromes (for instance, the song's first line is "I, man, am regal—a German am I", which reads the same when reversed). Rabin argues that the song's lyrics "sound cryptic enough to be genuine Dylanesque, but are in fact palindromes deliver in an uncanny re-creation of Dylan's nasal whine." The album's closer, "Genius in France", emulates the idiosyncratic style of Frank Zappa. Zappa's son, Dweezil performed the song's intro guitar solo. Lyrically, the song describes a person who, although rejected elsewhere, finds acceptance in France.

Parodies and polka
On March 21, 2003, Yankovic began working on the album's parody songs, as well as the record's polka medley. The album opens with the parody "Couch Potato", a play on Eminem's "Lose Yourself", the critically acclaimed single from the film 8 Mile (2002). In Yankovic's version, the singer describes his obsession with watching television; the song references many TV shows, as well as cable and network channels. Prior to recording "Couch Potato", Yankovic researched television so that his resulting parody would be accurate. He noted, "If I'm writing a song about TV, I'll spend a lot of time watching TV. I'll study TV Guide, I'll look at articles about television, and I'll try to make sure I'm giving every show its fair do [sic]. I can also spend all day watching TV and convince myself that I'm working, because I'm doing research."

The album's second parody, "Trash Day", is a parody of "Hot in Herre" by Nelly. In this song, the narrator discusses the filthiness of his house and bemoans the titular day wherein people place their garbage outside of their living quarters to be picked up by a waste collector and brought to a landfill. "A Complicated Song" is a spoof of "Complicated" by Avril Lavigne. The song is composed of three vignettes: in the first, the singer laments that he is constipated, in the second, he discovers that he and his girlfriend are related, and in the third, he expresses regret that he was recently decapitated. "Ode to a Super Hero" is a play on Billy Joel's song "Piano Man", and recounts the plot of the 2002 Spider-Man film. The album's final parody is "eBay", based on "I Want It That Way" by Backstreet Boys. In this song, the narrator describes a variety of obscure items that he purchased on the online auction site eBay. Yankovic later noted, "I was going to shoot a video for eBay, but right at the same time, eBay started doing all of these commercials with song parodies. [...] I didn't want my parody to come off as a commercial for eBay. In retrospect, I probably should have done a video because it would have been one of my biggest hits." Indeed, the song is one of Yankovic's most popular, and ranks as one of his most-downloaded tracks on digital music outlets.

"Angry White Boy Polka", a medley of popular hit songs set to a polka beat, was recorded at the same time as the album's parodies. Yankovic explained, "[The medley] is a reflection on what songs I think would sound most ridiculous done as a polka [...] and for the [...] album, it reflected a genre of music that I thought probably would benefit from getting a polka treatment."

Artwork and packaging
The cover of the CD depicts Yankovic with a poodle on his head, standing in a crowded subway car. The poodle in question was Yankovic's own dog, Bela. Before deciding on the final shot of his poodle, Yankovic and his production crew tried a setup that featured Bela urinating on his head, but Yankovic later admitted, "It was more disgusting than funny." In regards to the people standing behind him in the subway car, Yankovic specified via the "Ask Al" Q&A on his website:

"Well, let's see... the guy with the poodle on his head would be me. The very pregnant woman with the sunglasses is my wife Suzanne. The guy in the surgical scrubs is my friend Joel Miller. The woman in the foreground with her legs crossed is my first-cousin-once-removed Tammy (who also played Queen Amidala in my video for 'The Saga Begins'). Uh Jeff, the guy that screens my fan mail, is the guy wearing the NY Yankees cap way in the back. Steve Jay's son Ian is the really tall blond bicycle messenger. Tracy Berna, one of the writers for The Weird Al Show, is the waitress with the beehive hair-do. The Boy Scout is Dylan Bostick, the oldest son of one of Suzanne's oldest friends. Bermuda's wife Leslie is in there too. Plus there's my mother-in-law, my father-in-law, my electrician, a couple from my church, the owner of my favorite ice cream shop, my aunt's boyfriend... I think we got maybe 2 or 3 people from the casting office, but the overwhelming majority were friends and family members that just wanted to come to the shoot."

The album was released on an Enhanced CD, and when the CD is placed into a computer, bonus content is made available. This content includes several of Yankovic's real home videos and his commentary on them, as well as synchronized lyrics and instrumental or acoustic versions of some songs. A photo gallery is also included.

Music video controversy
A music video for "Couch Potato" was to be shot shortly after the album's release, but Eminem denied Yankovic permission to shoot it. Yankovic told the Chicago Sun-Times in 2003:

"We were already in pre-production. We believed that it was just a formality, that Eminem just wanted to hear the final mix of the song... And then we got a phone call saying he was not going to give permission for a video. We were devastated [...] I certainly don't have any bad feelings toward Eminem. He was gracious enough to let us use the song on the album—and we use 'The Real Slim Shady' in the 'Angry White Boy Polka' medley, too. But this is the first album I've ever released without an accompanying video."

According to Yankovic, Eminem worried that a parody of his video might "detract from his legacy [and] that [...] would somehow make people take him less seriously as an important hip-hop artist". Musicologist Lily Hirsch noted that, while race was not mentioned by either party, the powerful visual impression of a Weird Al video could have undermined Eminem's efforts to be seen as a serious rap artist instead of a "wigger".

Yankovic was rather upset that a video for "Couch Potato" would not be made, as he felt that it would have been "the best video that [he had] ever done". Yankovic later revealed that the video would have taken on the form of a "'patchwork quilt' montage spoofing the most famous scenes from Eminem's videos." Yankovic mocked the situation on his 2003 Al TV special where he staged a mock interview with the rapper using footage from a real Eminem interview on MTV News. Eminem said, "I believe in... artistic expression." Yankovic countered with, "So you think, for example if somebody wanted to do, oh, I don't know, a parody of somebody else's video, they should be able to... artistically express themselves and just do it?" Eminem was shown at a loss for words. Eminem later discussed the mock interview in the book The Way I Am, wherein he claimed to have taken the jab in good fun:

"Weird Al also got me. He made a video, did a fake interview with me, spliced it with clips from my old interviews, and put it up on the Internet. He's a very funny motherfucker. When something like that happens, you have to sit back and say, 'Oh, he got me.' It's something you pick up from battles: you learn to be a good sport about a lot of stuff. If you want to dish it out, you've got to be able to take it."

So that the album wouldn't be without a video, a quick one for "Bob" was shot and used on the tour and for the 2003 edition of Al TV. The video for "Bob" was subsequently released on "Weird Al" Yankovic: The Ultimate Video Collection DVD (2003).

Critical reception
The album received mixed reviews from music critics. Evan Serpick of Entertainment Weekly awarded the album a "B". While he felt that "Couch Potato" was, musically, up to par with Eminem's original, he noted, "It's hard to imagine today's tough tykes choosing" to listen to the somewhat tame parody. Serpick also felt that the Nelly and Avril Lavigne parodies were "full of noisome effects and clownish voices that would make even the widest eyes roll." He ended his review by praising the album's polka medley, saying it "exposes the songs for the pretentious rock babble they are." Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic claimed that the album was evidence that "pop culture [was] ahead of Weird Al". He felt that many of songs belied an inherent misconception of youth culture on the part of Yankovic, and that with Poodle Hat, the artist was "offering generalizations about a culture he doesn't understand". But while he claimed that the record "stumbles over the obviousness and awfulness of its parodies", Erlewine enjoyed "Hardware Store", "Why Does This Always Happen to Me?", and "Genius in France" (for being "complicated" and "intricate"; a "sensitive piano pop tune with a good send-up of narcissistic lyrics and nice, layered vocal harmonies"; and "the most ambitious and weirdest thing here, which counts for a lot," respectively). The writers of The Rolling Stone Album Guide awarded the album two stars, denoting a record that is "fair to poor" and that "fall[s] below an artist's established standard". A review of the album by Billboard, however, praised the album, noting that it "crackles with amusing parodies", proving that Yankovic is "a sharp observer of the world—and that's what makes [him] such an enduring, compelling figure."

Accolades
Poodle Hat won a Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album. This made it his first Grammy Award win since 1988, when his video for "Fat" won for Best Concept Music Video. Part of the reason for this dearth of awards was because, from 1993 until 2003, the Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album had been changed to "Grammy Award for Best Spoken Word Comedy"—meaning that Yankovic's musical comedy records were not eligible for nomination.

Commercial performance
Upon its release, Poodle Hat charted domestically at number 17 on the Billboard 200. It also charted at number 12 on Billboard's Top Internet Albums. Poodle Hat has not been certified by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), making it one of only a handful of "Weird Al" Yankovic albums to not receive the honor. Nathan Rabin, in Weird Al: The Book (2012), argues that this is because "Couch Potato" never had a music video, resulting in the album stumbling commercially.

Although no official singles were released from the album, the song "eBay" nevertheless charted at number 15 on Billboard's Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart (which, in effect, corresponds to 115 on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart).

In late 2013, Yankovic sued his label, Volcano, and its parent company, Sony Music, for unpaid publishing royalties from several of his albums and singles, including Poodle Hat. Yankovic claimed thatdespite the album's successhe never earned royalties from the record. The initial lawsuit was for $5 million; Yankovic won the lawsuit and was awarded an undisclosed sum of money from Sony.

Personnel
Credits adapted from CD liner notes, except where noted.

Band members
 * "Weird Al" Yankovic – lead vocals (tracks 1–12), background vocals (tracks 1–8, 11–12), keyboards (tracks 1–2, 12), group vocals (tracks 4, 6), accordion (tracks 5, 9, 12), claps (track 5), shouts (track 5), party noises (track 5)
 * Jon "Bermuda" Schwartz – drum programming (track 1, 3, 6, 11), drums (tracks 2, 4–5, 7–10, 12), percussion (track 4–5, 7, 10, 12), group vocals (tracks 4, 6), claps (track 5), shouts (track 5), party noises (track 5), laugh (track 12), snork (track 12)
 * Jim West – guitars (tracks 1–7, 9–12), group vocals (tracks 4, 6), claps (track 5), shouts (track 5), party noises (track 5), mandolin (track 9)
 * Steve Jay – bass guitar (tracks 1–12), group vocals (tracks 4, 6), banjo (track 5), claps (track 5), shouts (track 5), party noises (track 5)

Additional musicians
 * Kim Bullard – keyboards (tracks 1, 3, 6, 7, 11)
 * Lisa Popeil – female background vocals (track 2)
 * Julia Waters – female vocal (track 3), female background vocals (track 12)
 * Rubén Valtierra – keyboards (tracks 4, 10), piano (track 9)
 * Tom Evans – saxophone (tracks 4, 6, 12)
 * Warren Luening – trumpets (track 5)
 * Joel Peskin – clarinets (track 5)
 * Tommy Johnson – tuba (track 5)
 * Lee Thornburg – trumpet and trombone (track 6, 12)
 * DJ Swamp – scratching (track 6)
 * Ben Folds – piano (track 8)
 * John "Juke" Logan – harmonica (track 9)
 * Will Anderson – harmonica (track 10)
 * Herb Pedersen – banjo (track 12)
 * Maxine Waters – female background vocals (track 12)
 * Carmen Twillie1 – female background vocals (track 12)
 * Bela – barking (track 12)
 * Dweezil Zappa – intro guitar solo (track 12)

Technical
 * "Weird Al Yankovic" – producer
 * Tony Papa – engineer, mixing
 * Rafael Serrano – engineer
 * Mark Seliger – photography
 * Jackie Murphy – art design
 * Nick Gamma – art design
 * Bernie Grundman – mastering
 * Doug Sanderson – assistant engineer (track 5)
 * Aaron Kaplan – assistant mixing engineer (tracks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12)
 * Tony Zoeller – assistant mixing engineer (tracks 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11)

NOTES
 * 1Misspelled as "Twilley" in liner notes.

title: Poodle Hat


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Slivovitz

Slivovitz is a fruit spirit (or fruit brandy) made from damson plums, often referred to as plum spirit (or plum brandy). Slivovitz is produced in Central, Eastern and Southern Europe, both commercially and privately. Primary producers include Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, North Macedonia, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia,  and Ukraine. In the Balkans, slivovitz is considered a kind of rakia. In Hungary it is considered a kind of pálinka, but in Romania and Moldova it is considered pălincă, similar to țuică. In Czechia, Slovakia, Galicia, and Carpathian-Ruthenia it is considered Pálenka. UNESCO put it in a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists in 2022 on request of the country of geographic origin Serbia.

Etymology
The word slivovitz derives from Proto-Slavic *sliva "plum" (слива, or slíva, śliwka, šljiva/шљива, or slivka) with the diminutive suffix *-ica (-ice in Czech). Distilled spirits from different fruits are named similarly. For example, Czech meruňka apricot → meruňkovice apricot spirit; broskev peach → broskvovice peach spirit. Other names include slivovitza, slivovitsa, șliboviță, šljivovica, śliwowica, Schlivowitz, slivovice, slivovica or slivovka.

Production and consumption

The primary producers are Bosnia, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Serbia, and Slovakia.

Regional names
Following the claims of several nations to the protected designation of origin, in October 2007 the European Union went for a compromise solution, leaving "slivovitz" as a generic name, and granting individual nations the right to protect the origin with their own adjective.

In respective languages, slivovitz is known as: сливова, сливовица; ; Slivovits,Sliwowitz, Slibowitz; sligovica; slivovitz; сливова; śliwowica; şliboviţă; сливовица; šljivovica, шљивовица; slivovica; slivovka; слив'янка; and שליוואָוויץ.

Identical or similar spirits are also produced in Austria, Canada, France, Germany, Switzerland, the United States, and regional names include generic plum spirit, Pflümli, or eau-de-vie de quetsche.

Distilling process
Only Damson plums may be used as the base fruit for distillation. Before the production process, the plums may be slightly pressed or otherwise disrupted to speed up the fermentation process, but without damaging their ground kernels; yeast, starch, and sugar may be added to the juice. The mixture is then allowed to ferment. There may be one or more distillation stages, depending on the desired final product or region of production, and aging is common to enhance the distillate's finer flavours.

Some producers have obtained a Hechsher certifying that it is kosher for Passover, and thus suitable for consumption during the festival when grain-based liquors are forbidden.

Some modern production techniques, such as those used by Clear Creek in Oregon, omit the use of the pits in fermentation to create a less acerbic or bitter taste.

Imitation slivovitz is made by flavouring spirits with prune juice and artificial oil of bitter almonds.

Bulgaria
In Bulgaria, the "Troyan plum spirit" (Troyanska Slivova) has been distilled in the Troyan Monastery by the monks since the founding of the monastery in the 14th century. The original recipe included 40 herbs, and was passed through the centuries from abbot to abbot. In 1894, the Monastery's spirit was presented at a spirits competition in Antwerp, Belgium, where it won a bronze medal. Some of its distinguishing characteristics include that it is made of a plum variety that only grows in the Troyan region, an old variety the locals call "Madzharkini plums", very juicy and aromatic whose stone, unlike the Teteven plums, is easily removed from the fruit; it is distilled in a vessel with a capacity of 80 to 120 litres; and only the best of the harvest is distilled. It is considered best distilled to an alcohol level between 39 and 41 degrees. Some celebrities who have tasted Troyan plum spirit are Pope John Paul II and former US President Bill Clinton. Patriarch Maxim of Bulgaria celebrated his 95th birthday in 2009 in the Sofia Metropolitanate with Troyan plum spirit.

In 2007, in cooperation with the Bulgarian government, the Czech distillery Rudolf Jelinek protected the brands "Troyanska slivova" and "Tetevenska slivova" in the EU. That same year, this distillery, the largest European manufacturer of fruit distillates, bought a majority share in the largest Bulgarian slivovitsa vinery "Vinprom-Troyan", after having bought, half a year earlier, the second largest "Destila Teteven". However, the Czechs reduced the alcohol content to pay less duty. The production of "Vinprom-Troyan" is mainly for export. For the past 18 years, Troyan has had a special holiday: The Festival of Plum. This holiday is celebrated at the end of September in Troyan and in the village of Oreshak, where the Troyan Monastery is located. The plum has always been an essential produce in this region. Since the beginning of the 20th century, plums have been made into marmalades, pesto, dried prunes, and pulps, all of which were exported into Western Europe.

Czech Republic and Slovakia

In the Czech Republic and Slovakia slivovice, or  slivovica, respectively (as well as other fruit-based distilled alcoholic drinks) due to the somewhat symbolic status of the Moravian "national" drink is strongly presented in local traditions, culture and pop culture like in proverbs, songs, TV shows and movies.

Slivovice is primarily produced in the southern and eastern provinces of Moravia and in Vysočina, where the country retains its rural character. Although not legal, traditional moonshine home distilleries are very common across the Moravian countryside, nonetheless, the majority of private production moved to certified local community-owned distilleries to prevent errors during the distillation process (leading to concentration of toxic methanol). Certified production also allows state authorities to collect respective taxes (based on the proof of the alcohol in the final product), however tax-reliefs for limited private and non-commercial production of the drink exist. The usual proof of private-produced slivovice is over 50% of alcohol in the final product, commercially available mass-produced slivovice is proofed less.

Slivovice is mostly served in small shot glass known locally as "panák" (literally: a dummy),"baňa" (variation of the word shot/bang in dialects of southeastern Moravia), "kalíšek (colloquial for a small cup) or "štamprle (from German "das Stamperl, a little glass). Keeping slivovice cold helps to reduce the effects of high proof or not ideal taste; however, the drink is not to be served on the rocks. The only accurate way to drink slivovice is a shot glass. To enjoy the aroma and taste of the original fruit it is better and more common to drink slivovice served at room temperature.

Poland
The mountainous region of southern Poland has a long tradition of making slivovitz. Historically it has been distilled by local Goral highlanders and not necessarily given any particular brand names. One of the more recognised of such products is Śliwowica łącka associated with the town of Łącko. However, due to the fact that it is made without any specific control and brand ownership it has declined in quality, especially in recent years.

Slivovitz was also distilled in large quantities by the Jewish community of Poland before the Second World War. As a popular Passover alcohol, slivovitz had a strong standing among the traditional Jewish-Orthodox communities. State-owned distillers tried to reintroduce the slivovitz based on Jewish traditions in the form of Pejsachówka. After 1989, Pejsachówka had disappeared from the market. Polish distillers continue to produce Śliwowica Paschalna and Śliwowica Strykowska (Strykover Slivovitz), which are both certified as kosher.

Serbia, Bosnia, Croatia and Slovenia
Šljivovica (шљивовица, ) is the national drink of Serbia in domestic production for centuries, and the plum is the national fruit. Šljivovica has a Protected Designation of Origin (PDO). Plum and its products are of great importance to Serbs and are a part of numerous traditional customs. A Serbian meal sometimes starts or ends with plum products and šljivovica is served as an apéritif. A saying goes that the best place to build a house is where a plum tree grows the best. Traditionally, šljivovica (commonly referred to as "rakija") is connected to a Serbian culture as a drink used at all important rites of passage (birth, baptism, military service, marriage, death, etc.). It is used in the Serbian Orthodox patron saint celebration, Slava. It is used in numerous folk remedies, and is given certain degree of respect above all other alcoholic drinks. The fertile region of Šumadija in central Serbia is particularly known for its plums and šljivovica. In 2004, over 400 000 litres of šljivovica was produced in Serbia. In 2017, Serbia was the 5th largest producer of plums and sloes in the world.

After legal disputes, following the compromise of 2007 "Serbian Slivovitz" (Српска шљивовица / Srpska šljivovica) became Serbia's first certified national brand.

Šljivovica is consumed either directly from a leather-wrapped round bottle, or chilled in a shot glass called čokanjčić (plural: čokanjčići). There is also a town in Zlatibor, called Šljivovica. A popular print in Serbia depicts a moustached peasant wearing the šubara (fur hat), drinking šljivovica from a leather-wrapped bottle, with the motto: "Fuck the Coca, fuck the pizza, all we need is šljivovica".

In 2021, Serbia's šljivovica was added to the United Nations Intangible Cultural Heritage List as a "cherished tradition to be preserved by humanity".

In Slovenia it is known as slivovka. People used to drink it with morning coffee (some still do).

title: Slivovitz


text:
Redistricting

Redistricting in the United States is the process of drawing electoral district boundaries. For the United States House of Representatives, and state legislatures, redistricting occurs after each decennial census.

The U.S. Constitution in Article 1, Section 2, Clause 3 provides for proportional representation in the House of Representatives. The Reapportionment Act of 1929 required that the number of seats in the U.S. House of Representatives be kept at a constant 435, and a 1941 act made the reapportionment among the states by population automatic after every decennial census. Reapportionment occurs at the federal level followed by redistricting at the state level. According to, Article I, Section 4 left to the legislature of each state the authority to establish congressional districts; however, such decisions are subject to judicial review. In most states redistricting is subject to political maneuvering, but some state legislatures have created independent commissions.

The Uniform Congressional District Act (enacted in 1967) requires that representatives be elected from single-member districts. When a state has a single representative, that district will be state-wide.

Gerrymandering in the redistricting process has been a problem since the early days of the republic. In recent years, critics have argued that redistricting has been used to neutralize minority voting power. Supporters say it enhances electoral competitiveness.

Federal

Six states have a single representative in the United States House of Representatives, because of their low populations. These are Alaska, Delaware, North Dakota, South Dakota, Vermont, and Wyoming. These states do not need redistricting for the House and elect members on a state-wide at-large basis.

In 25 states, the state legislature has primary responsibility for creating a redistricting plan, in many cases subject to approval by the state governor. To reduce the role that legislative politics might play, thirteen states (Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Washington) determine congressional redistricting by an independent or bipartisan redistricting commission. Five states: Maine, New York, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Virginia give independent bodies authority to propose redistricting plans, but preserve the role of legislatures to approve them. Arkansas has a commission composed of its governor, attorney general, and secretary of state.

By law, the forty-four states with more than one representative must redistrict after each decennial census to account for population shifts within the state as well as (when necessary) to add or remove congressional districts. Federal law (including the Constitution) does not prevent states from redistricting at any time between censuses, up to and including redistricting prior to each congressional election, provided such redistricting conforms to various federal laws. However, "mid-decade" redistricting proposals (such as what occurred in 2003 in Texas) have typically been highly controversial. Because of this, many states prohibit mid-decade redistricting, although this is more prevalent for state legislative redistricting than for congressional redistricting. Some also link it to a specific year or to the decennial census. It is unclear to what extent mid-decade redistricting would be legal in those states.

Apart from mid-decade redistricting initiated by state legislatures (as happened in Texas), both federal and state courts can also order the redistricting of maps between-censuses (because maps were ruled unconstitutional or against federal law, for example). Examples of this are the redistricting that occurred between the 2016 and 2018 elections in Pennsylvania or the redistricting that occurred in North Carolina.

State
State constitutions and laws also mandate which body has responsibility over drawing the state legislature boundaries. In addition, those municipal governments that are elected on a district basis (as opposed to an at-large basis) also redistrict.

Redistricting criteria
The Reapportionment Act of 1929 did not state any size and population requirements for congressional districts, last stated in the Apportionment Act of 1911, since the 1911 Act was still in force. However, the Supreme Court ruled that the 1911 Act was no longer in force even though Congress never repealed it. The previous apportionment acts required districts be contiguous, compact, and equally populated.

Each state can set its own standards for congressional and legislative districts. In addition to equalizing the population of districts and complying with federal requirements, criteria may include attempting to create compact, contiguous districts, trying to keep political units and communities within a single district, and avoiding the drawing of boundaries for purposes of partisan advantage or incumbent protection.

Redistricting may follow other criteria depending on state and local laws:
 * 1) compactness
 * 2) contiguity
 * 3) equal population
 * 4) preservation of existing political communities
 * 5) partisan fairness
 * 6) racial fairness

Gerrymandering
Gerrymandering, the practice of drawing district boundaries to achieve political advantage for legislators, involves the manipulation of district boundaries to leave out, or include, specific populations in a particular district to ensure a legislator's reelection or to advantage their party.

In states where the legislature (or another body where a partisan majority is possible) is in charge of redistricting, the possibility of gerrymandering (the deliberate manipulation of political boundaries for electoral advantage, usually of incumbents or a specific political party) often makes the process very politically contentious, especially when the majorities of the two houses of the legislature, or the legislature and the governor, are from different parties.

Partisan domination of state legislatures and improved technology to design contiguous districts that pack opponents into as few districts as possible have led to district maps which are skewed towards one party. Consequently, many states including Florida, Georgia, Maryland, Michigan, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas and Wisconsin have succeeded in reducing or effectively eliminating competition for most House seats in those states. Some states, including New Jersey and New York, protect incumbents of both parties, reducing the number of competitive districts.

The state and federal court systems are often involved in resolving disputes over congressional and legislative redistricting when gridlock prevents redistricting in a timely manner. In addition, those disadvantaged by a proposed redistricting plan may challenge it in state and federal courts. Justice Department approval (which is known as pre-clearance) was formerly required under Section 5 of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 in certain states that have had a history of racial barriers to voting. The Supreme Court's ruling on the Pennsylvania redistricting effectively allows elected officials to select their constituents by eliminating most of the grounds for constituents to challenge district lines.

Other redistricting reforms
In addition to the establishments of redistricting commissions in multiple states, proposals have been fielded to draft interstate compacts between states on congressional redistricting. These have been proposed in the legislatures of Maryland and Illinois since the 2010s in order to reduce redistricting-related litigation, prevent partisan "arms races" over reapportionment and partisan gerrymandering, and reduce perceptions of nonpartisan redistricting as unilateral disarmament. To date, no such compacts have been approved by legislature or referendum.

U.S. Supreme Court redistricting cases

 * Colegrove v. Green (1946)
 * Baker v. Carr (1962) — federal courts may review redistricting of state legislative districts
 * Gray v. Sanders (1963) — 14th Amendment's equal protection clause requires “one person, one vote” standard
 * Wesberry v. Sanders (1964) — legislative districts for the U.S. House of Representatives must be composed, to the extent practicable, of equal numbers of eligible voters
 * Burns v. Richardson (1966)
 * Reynolds v. Sims (1964)
 * Gaffney v. Cummings (1973)
 * Karcher v. Daggett (1983)
 * Thornburg v. Gingles (1986)
 * Davis v. Bandemer (1986)
 * Growe v. Emison (1993)
 * Voinovich v. Quilter (1993)
 * Shaw v. Reno (1993)
 * Johnson v. DeGrandy (1994)
 * Miller v. Johnson (1995)
 * Bush v. Vera (1996)
 * Hunt v. Cromartie (1999)
 * Vieth v. Jubelirer (2004)
 * League of United Latin American Citizens v. Perry (2006)
 * Bartlett v. Strickland (2009)
 * Arizona State Legislature v. Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission (2015)
 * Gill v. Whitford (2018)
 * Benisek v. Lamone (2018 & 2019)
 * Rucho v. Common Cause (2019)
 * Allen v. Milligan (2023)
 * Alexander v. South Carolina State Conference of the NAACP (2023)

title: Redistricting


text:
Talk:NetIQ

''This page was listed on Votes for deletion in May, 2004. The result of that discussion was to keep the article. For an archive of the discussion, see Talk:NetIQ/Delete.''

Although purchased by Attachmate, NetIQ and Attachmate have not merged to become one entity in North America and the company operates as a separate entity and lists itself as An Attachmate Business. Outside of North America NetIQ has become a brand within the Attachmate portfolio. Shephardd (talk) 17:34, 12 May 2008 (UTC)

Since NetIQ is being aquired by AttachmateWRQ, to form (supposedly) "Attachmate-NetIQ", I will be performing a merger of this article and the AttachmateWRQ article as soon as the aquisition is complete. Tyrel Haveman 17:00, 21 June 2006 (UTC)

This article clearly needs to be deleted
This article seems to be nothing but an advertisement for NetIQ. Unless others object within the next couple of days, I plan to redirect it to Attachmate. Please speak up soon. Thanks. --Art Smart Chart/ Heart 14:58, 31 March 2009 (UTC)

 * Okay, without objection, I'm redirecting this article to Attachmate. Thanks.  --Art Smart Chart/ Heart  22:13, 2 April 2009 (UTC)

 * I'm sorry, I object. NetIQ, although owned by Attachmate, is an autonomous company. Let's edit to be all fact, removing the 'advertising'. Outright deletion seems harsh. If no objection will reinstate and edit out what looks like spin Shephardd (talk) 15:46, 18 April 2009 (UTC)
 * I also object. Have a look at the company's website: it still operates completely autonomously. Attachmate, Novell and NetIQ are owned by a private holding company, The Attachmate Group. I've now created the latter article to clear up the ambiguity. Scopecreep (talk) 16:03, 13 March 2012 (UTC)

Neutral point of view in "products and services" section
The text in this section is corporate-speak from marketing to the user, not in very neutral encyclopedic tone. Most of the references in this section seem to be based on promotional sources, closely associated with the subject. There might be a question of notability as well. A rewrite is needed. 80.221.159.67 (talk) 19:38, 28 September 2016 (UTC)

 * The list of products listed in the article, and their descriptions, are more in line with other Wiki articles. Pi314m (talk) 04:02, 28 May 2019 (UTC)

External links modified (February 2018)
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on NetIQ. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140415192719/http://www.networkworld.com/news/2006/042706-attachmate-buys-netiq.html to http://www.networkworld.com/news/2006/042706-attachmate-buys-netiq.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 08:04, 16 February 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:NetIQ


text:
Talk:John H. Chapman Space Station

''This page was listed on Votes for deletion in May, 2004. The result of that discussion was to keep as a redirect to John H. Chapman Space Centre. For an archive of the discussion, see Talk:John H. Chapman Space Station/Delete.''

title: Talk:John H. Chapman Space Station


text:
User talk:Wildt~enwiki

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I find useful

 * Policy Library
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Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~.

Cheers, Sam [Spade] 06:05, 20 May 2004 (UTC)

Teleiophilia
Hello :) Looks like you haven't been around on wikipedia for a whlie, but in case you return, I have a question for you! I noticed you wrote that the term teleiophilia was coined by Kurt Freund. Do you have a citation, or can you point me to a place and/or time when he first used the term? Thanks, ntennis 08:20, 22 August 2006 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Wildt. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Wildt~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 03:25, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 20:31, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Wildt~enwiki


text:
User talk:Dupes

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I find useful

 * Policy Library
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
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 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
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Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~.

Cheers, Sam [Spade] 06:06, 20 May 2004 (UTC)

Congratulations!
Your image Image:Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick.jpg was the random picture of the day for October 13, 2007. It looked like this:. Again, Congratulations! - Presidentman (talk) Random Picture of the Day 12:16, 13 October 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Aslyn album cover.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Aslyn album cover.jpg. You've indicated that the image meets Wikipedia's criteria for non-free content, but there is no explanation of why it meets those criteria. Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. If you have any questions, please post them at Media copyright questions.

Thank you for your cooperation. NOTE: once you correct this, please remove the tag from the image's page. STBotI (talk) 09:54, 21 May 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dupes


text:
User talk:Controlled Substance

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I find useful

 * Policy Library
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Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~.

Cheers, Sam [Spade] 06:06, 20 May 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Controlled Substance


text:
User talk:Edave~enwiki

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I find useful

 * Policy Library
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
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 * Brilliant prose
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 * Pages needing attention
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 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
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Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~.

Cheers, Sam [Spade] 06:07, 20 May 2004 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Edave. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Edave~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:38, 19 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 12:25, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Edave~enwiki


text:
User talk:Silvermask

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I find useful

 * Policy Library
 * Cite your sources
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 * Brilliant prose
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 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
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Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~.

Cheers, Sam [Spade] 06:08, 20 May 2004 (UTC)

Please claim your upload(s): File:Flow-volume-loop-small.png
Hi, This image was seemingly uploaded prior to current image polices, Thank you.

However, as part of ongoing efforts to ensure all media on English Wikipedia is correctly licensed and attributed it would be appreciated if you were able to confirm, that it was your own work, by marking it as own, amending the information added by a third party, and by changing the license to an appropriate "self" variant. You can also add  to the media by uploader tag if it is present to indicate that you've acknowledged the image, and license shown (and updated the information where appropriate).

This will assist those reviewing the many many "free" images on commons that have not yet been transfered to Commons. Sfan00 IMG (talk) 12:09, 8 August 2016 (UTC)

title: User talk:Silvermask


text:
User talk:Peter Kwok

There are always many ways of saying the same thing.

Respect other people's choices.

If you have nothing new to add, wait until you do.

Don't be a style police!

Hello, visitor.
 * Talk to Peter (Insert four tildes ~ into your message to identify yourself.)
 * See Peter's Wikipage

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I find useful

 * Policy Library
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Neutral point of view
 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~.

Cheers, Sam [Spade] 06:09, 20 May 2004 (UTC)

Welcome!
Damn! Sam beat me to it. But since I came all the way over here... :)

Welcome to Wikipedia.

Here are some useful links if you need any help:

 * How to edit a page
 * How to write a great article
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 * Create an account

You can sign posts on talk pages by entering four tildes ( ~ )

If you have any questions:
 * See Help
 * Post a question to the Village pump
 * Or leave a message on my talk page.

Again, welcome!

Anyway - hello, and thanks for your recent articles. Charles Matthews 07:19, 23 May 2004 (UTC)

Don't worry
Your addition appears to be of high quality at my minimal inspection. Not that I'm an expert on the subject of course, but glad to have you! Sam [Spade] 15:45, 23 May 2004 (UTC)

Math tags are nice, but...
The <math> tags are nice, but we probably want to refrain from using it whenever there is a reasonable substitute. The pictures not only cost bandwidth, but also hurt the eyes when mixed in-line. Also, I think it is good to respect other people's styles and let them use their own style of spacing, numbering, and such. Peter Kwok 18:50, 2004 Jun 29 (UTC)

 * I'm surprised that you're addressing this to me, since I have done dozens of edits that I summarized by saying that although TeX looks good in "displays", it often looks terrible on Wikipedia when embedded in lines of text; in those edits I changed TeX to alternative notations. I think I am the foremost proponent of the point of view that you've been urging.  (Although I've been notably less fastidious about this after the most recent new server was put in place, since TeX now gets centered rather than lifted above the line.) Michael Hardy 20:41, 29 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Well, no offence, but recently I couldn't help but notice that your name appeared in a bunch edits (e.g. subadditive function, Lubell-Yamamoto-Meshalkin inequality, etc.) unrelated to the correctness or accuracy of those articles. In some places, I feel that your addition of <math> tags were not necessary. Perhaps having a little toleration to other people's style would be good? It is almost like I am not even allowed to put the "in mathematics" part at the end of the first sentence and have to be corrected. While I understand that we all should respect each other's right of editing, I just feel that some of those edits were overdone and are counterproductive in the sense that it creates frustration and doesn't add value. I won't blow the whole thing out of proportion here. Just wanted to let you know where I stand. Peter Kwok 00:33, 2004 Jun 30 (UTC)

 * I do not edit without intending to make the article better. "A k-set" is better than "An k-set" for obvious reasons.  Putting "In mathematics," at the beginning is better than putting it after the concept being defined for two reasons: the latter interrupts the sentence, and in many cases the reader should be given the appropriate context first.  Definitions should not say "is called", e.g., "An animal that barks is called a dog" is inferior style to "A dog is an animal that barks."  I don't know why those edits would create frustration.  I do know why I would expect them not only to add value, but to be perceived by readers as adding value.

 * I am very strongly opposed to the idea that only correctness and accuracy matter. The sort of edits I mention above add comprehensibility and memorability.  Those who think smoothly flowing style does not matter as long as the semantic content is correct and accurate are very wrong-headed in that regard, in my view.  Michael Hardy 22:35, 30 Jun 2004 (UTC)

No one is going to argue about grammar and spelling with you. My main problem is that your sense of "style superiority" is rather personal and unconvincing. I have already stated the reason why I disagreed with your choice, so I won't repeat them here. From where I see it, you are not making the articles better— you are just making other people write like you. And I strongly believe that kind of attitude doesn't help promote respect and cooperation among users. Peter Kwok 15:05, 2004 Jul 1 (UTC)

 * I can't find the part where you explain why you disagreed with any of my particular choices. Putting in mathematics at the very beginning helps users who follow a link to an article without having any idea whether it's about stamp-collecting or religion or detective novels or botany, so that they don't have to wade through what to them may be incomprehensible technical language before finding out that it's mathematics.  On a number of occasions I have started reading an incomprehensible sentence only to find out at the end of a long first sentence or even later that it's about characters in some novel I've never heard of, and I don't like that.  If attending to that kind of editing is not your strong point, why not just leave it to others and concentrate on what you know, instead of taking personally something that is not?  I don't think that it's just my own personal taste that says that

 * Chatoyancy is a term used by gemologists to refer to an optical phenomenon in which etc., etc.....

 * is not as good as

 * In gemology, chatoyancy is an optical phenomenon in which etc., etc.....,

 * and not only because the first sentence above is more complicated than it needs to be. Michael Hardy 19:39, 1 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * PS: As far as your comment about "not making articles better" is concerned, I don't think it's unfair to mention that I've added more solid content to Wikipedia's math articles, both in the form of a very large number of new articles and in the form of additions to already-existing articles, than all but perhaps four or five other Wikipedians, if that many. See the list of new articles I have created at User:Michael Hardy. Michael Hardy 19:55, 1 Jul 2004 (UTC)

I agree with your statement that mutual respect is important. I have always been polite and respectful to you, and moreover, when I noticed your existence I was glad to see another person contributing articles on mathematics, and that remains my evaluation of your work on Wikipedia. You seem to think that I have targeted you some how. I have not. I do not edit articles without intending some identifiable improvement. You wrote: "Right now I find it hard to work in an environment where style police who have nothing new to add just run around to make other people write like them." Would you tell me who those people are? You seem to think I am one such person. I have contributed a far larger number of new articles on mathematics than you and most others, and a far greater amount of substantive mathematical content to article initiated by others. I also do minor edits such as a small spelling or punctuation correction in a long article. I did several of those in the article you created on the LYM inequality. You stated on the discussion page that those edits contribute nothing. I disagree. But if you don't agree that they contribute anything, that is not a reason to infer that I was personally targeting you. After I created uses of trigonometry, jengod made some small changes for which I saw no need. It is possible that that person knows some reason of which I am unaware why the changes were improvements, and it is also possible that they are not. Even if I disagreed with those edits, I would still conclude only that another person disagrees, and not that I am being targeted or attacked. As for moving "In mathematics..." to the beginning, there is a reason for that that I tried to explain to you earlier; I did it because I think the article is in several respects better that way, and I would be specific about that if you appeared to be interested. You wrote: "I don't deny that some style changes are good, or even necessary, and I don't mind people overwriting articles with richer and better content. It is the ones that added no substance got me.  I regard the "In mathematics" changes as cosmetic and think that we should give people more leeway on that issue.  If you disagree, fine; but let's draw a line somewhere." Do you regard "cosmetic" as meaning unnecessary or bad? Making an article esthetically better makes it easier to understand and to remember. You wrote: "Now some people even begin to change journals' standard abbreviations to long names, which is not even recommended by Wikipedia!" ... because some readers may otherwise not understand the abbreviation. If you disagree with that, you could say so, rather than acting as if there is something personal about it. You wrote: "I believe some of the later changes were made just to get me after I expressed my disagreement." On this point I have good news that will reassure you. You suggested that I may be among those doing this. But I have not done this. When I disagree with the way someone edits or with their opinions about how others should edit, I address the actual content of the disagreement, saying why I think what I think. I do not personally attack them. You wrote, "Do those cosmetic changes really do the readers any good?". I would say that if they do no good then they are _not_ cosmetic. "Cosmetic" by definition means they make an esthetic improvement in the article, and therefore they do some good. You wrote "If this place really believes in the "everything goes" philosophy, then do let things go. However, if this place believes in maintaining a house style, then maybe we need some kind of guidelines or governing body to give users some protection." _Some_ guidelines are in the style manual: usually the title word or title phrase is highlighted at its first appearance, one eschew's superfluously capitalized letters in section headings, etc. You wrote: "I could have even mass reverted articles." Did the things you object to happen in more than one article? You have mentioned only one to me. What were the others, if any? Michael Hardy 02:12, 14 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Coming back?
Hi Peter. I don't think we met as I showed up on Wikipedia several months after you left, but wondering around a while ago I ran into your contributions, and then into your talk page.

I read about the issues you had with Michael Hardy. All I can say is that that fight was not worth a dime. Yes, it is rather customary to start an article with in "in mathematics... " which would be helpful since the audience of Wikipedia articles is very wide, and many math articles are filled with specialized language to such an extent that without any introductory wording whatsoever people would be very confused.

On the other hand, I agree with you that overall there is not much value in that phrase.

As such, you should not have cared so much if Michael keeps on adding it, and on the other hand Michael should have known better, as he is an old timer and should have stopped messing up with your contributions, at least for a while.

Anyway, I was very positively impressed with your contributions (again, that's how I found your user page and the drama on the talk page). It's been a while. How about giving it a second chance? I can promise to try talking Michael into not being so pedantic about things. Cheers, Oleg Alexandrov (talk) 17:13, 28 October 2005 (UTC)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonious_coloring
Why was this paper (cited below) (which also introduced the concept of Harmonious coloring) not referenced in this http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harmonious_coloring page - I think that this too deserves same respect as it Harary et al's paper. This paper is also cited in Keith Edwards bibliography.

J. E. Hopcroft & M. S. Krishnamoorthy, On the harmonious coloring of graphs, SIAM Journal on Algebraic and Discrete Methods, 4 (1983), pp. 306-311

Please respond - My email address is moorthy@cs.rpi.edu —Preceding unsigned comment added by Mskmoorthy (talk • contribs) 23:48, 13 August 2009 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
Hi, You appear to be eligible to vote in the current Arbitration Committee election. The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to enact binding solutions for disputes between editors, primarily related to serious behavioural issues that the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the ability to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail. If you wish to participate, you are welcome to review the candidates' statements and submit your choices on the voting page. For the Election committee, MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 22:16, 30 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Peter Kwok


text:
User talk:Togo~enwiki

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I find useful

 * Policy Library
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Neutral point of view
 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~.

Cheers, Sam [Spade] 06:09, 20 May 2004 (UTC)

Iridology
Its sad to observe that there are some very little open minded people not able to creatively compromise. This is why I am proposing a Wikipedia Voting System for Paragrphs that are the center of Posting Wars!

Post-Roman christianity?
Hi, just wanted to query your edit to entheogen. My knowledge of history is terrible but from what I understand, e.g. from the Inquisition entry, is that the persecution of heresies began when Christianity became the state religion of the Roman Empire, and that nothing particular changed in the structure of the catholic church with the decline of the Empire, indeed even today it is still the "roman catholic church". So I don't really understand what you mean by your qualifying the setence with "post-Roman Christianity", would you mind explaining? Rkundalini 09:08, 4 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Ensenada massacre reverts
Why do you keep removing the link to the Ensenada massacres? It is important to understand the situation on the ground in the city. Wikipedia should not be used as a travel brochure.

According to the Washington Post article: "The Sept. 17, 1998, Ensenada massacre, with its unprecedented slaughter of women and children, is back on the minds of many people here because of a new wave of brutality by drug traffickers."

This information is important to those who want to learn about Ensenada.Salasks 00:59, Aug 3, 2004 (UTC)
 * Not at all! You could dig up some shit like that about any place and it is absolutely not typical for Ensenada. If you wanted to contribute something valuable about Ensenada it could be about the history, discovery, development or the Ex Hotel Riviera Pacifico. I will continue to remove your old news from the page because it is a freak occurence, however if you want you can place it on the discussion page... I don't mind it there Togo 06:32, 3 Aug 2004 (UTC)

I still think it's relevant. I posted the issue to VP to see what the community thinks. Salasks 17:11, Aug 3, 2004 (UTC)

Many worlds
Many worlds is quite different from possible worlds. Possible worlds is related to Modal logic. CSTAR 23:22, 4 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * How do you know that ? you don't have to excert your mental limit to be everybodies! After all we are talking about a 'see also' recommendation !Togo 23:32, 4 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Ola. No quiero crear un conflicto innecesario (porque creo que Ud tambien es Latinoamericano, como lo soy yo); No me opongo a que Ud incluya esto como link; sin embargo como dije anteriormente, "mundos posibles" es una idea totalment distinta a la nocion de la cual estamos hablando aqui! Pues,tambien esto es algo que he estudiado mucho. CSTAR 23:53, 4 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Pues quizá té falta entrar en las orillas de este mar. Espero que no me tratas diferente porque soy alemán! Saludos Togo 00:09, 5 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * No de manera diferente no. ¡Pero en ese mar no entro! CSTAR 00:22, 5 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Actually your allready in it, but you don't have to become conscious about it, thats true... Togo 02:58, 5 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Holomovement → Implicate and Explicate Order
I decided, rather than to have the holomovement article deleted outright, to be more sympathetic and do some research into the subject matter myself. I recently put together the Implicate and Explicate Order article which I think, and I also think most people would agree, discusses the subject to the extent desired of an encyclopedia article. Unless you object, I'll redirect the holomovement article to this one tomorrow at which point we can hopefully put this issue behind us. If you object to this course of action or you decide to edit my article in any way that I think damages it, we will be discussing the matter with an authority. –Floorsheim 11:20, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * No I have no problem with your article. As long as you dont't redirect Holomovement! Holomovement brings in even more information and it will be even further improved. There is no reason to belive that Holomovement will not eventually evolve into a great Article! Congratulations on your decision to study the issue! Thats very progrssive and you know I'll take part of the credit for all great discoveries you may make ;^) Togo 18:12, 14 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Please make further comments on Talk:Holomovement as that's where the community will be discussing this issue. –Floorsheim 05:11, 16 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Delete How to learn a language?
Hi! I would like to invite you to participate in the vote for deletion of the How to learn a language. (I am Not asking to keep or delete just vote). Thanks--Jondel 07:48, 16 Nov 2004 (UTC)

three phase
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Three-phase_electric_power&curid=38829&diff=0&oldid=0 im rather unsure of this edit. The new text just doesn't feel right to me i've never heared of the term "transfer point" used in such a context before and it is normal to refer to something as a source even if it is not the ultimate source.

Categories on user pages
Would you mind deactivating the categories on your user pages? In particular, User:Togo/Holomovement has a couple of "live" categories that result in your page appearing in lists of articles. Categories can easily be deactivated by dropping a bracket or by adding a colon in front of the word "category". Thanks, -Willmcw 09:57, May 3, 2005 (UTC)

Image Tagging for Image:RivieraPacificoW.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:RivieraPacificoW.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

Thanks. Weatherman90 03:27, 22 March 2006 (UTC)

WP Computing
Greetings. You are receiving this note as you are a member of this WikiProject. Currently there is not much of activity in the project and I am hoping to revive the project with your help. I have made a few changes to the project page Diff. You are welcome to make suggestions of improvement / changes in the design. I have also make a proposal to AutoTagg articles with WikiProject Computing for the descendant wikiprojects articles also. Please express your opinion here --  TinuCherian  (Wanna Talk?) - 12:59, 23 June 2008 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Oneness (concept)
A proposed deletion template has been added to the article Oneness (concept), suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but this article may not satisfy Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and the deletion notice should explain why (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why you disagree with the proposed deletion in your edit summary or on its talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised because even though removing the deletion notice will prevent deletion through the proposed deletion process, the article may still be deleted if it matches any of the speedy deletion criteria or it can be sent to Articles for Deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. Neelix (talk) 12:58, 12 October 2008 (UTC)

fringe article in SIDS
About Sudden_infant_death_syndrome, see this discussion. Notice that the CDC is a highly respected source about illness, and that all the research cited in that discussion is old, with the book here being published in 1993. I understand that the studies done later concluded that vaccination has nothing to do with SIDS, and that this is the current scientific consensus. --Enric Naval (talk) 17:42, 21 July 2009 (UTC)

Please do not add commentary or your own personal analysis to Wikipedia articles. Doing so violates Wikipedia's neutral point of view policy and breaches the formal tone expected in an encyclopedia.

In reference to this edit. Also, in reference to this edit in Sudden infant death syndrome. A theory that 95% of SIDS deaths are caused by vaccines is totally fringe, verging into crackpot. Recent research says that he was totally and completely wrong. Wikipedia is a serious encyclopedia, it's not for apology of fringe theories, and it's not supposed to give equal weight to very minoritary positions that mainstream current science thinks that are completely wrong. We already have an article in Vaccine controversy, we don't have to put every wrong minoritary position in every article about an illness. --Enric Naval (talk) 02:07, 26 July 2009 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Togo. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Togo~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 03:22, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 19:50, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

please restore back to original name after permanently blocked polish account Togo (only one that wasn't mine) has been renamed according to: The account space has been freed up, please login to each account and confirm that they are to be merged quoting 2015042310016968 then place a merge request at https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Steward_requests/Username_changes Regards, Billinghurst Thank you Togo~enwiki (talk) 16:19, 24 April 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
Hi, You appear to be eligible to vote in the current Arbitration Committee election. The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to enact binding solutions for disputes between editors, primarily related to serious behavioural issues that the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the ability to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail. If you wish to participate, you are welcome to review the candidates' statements and submit your choices on the voting page. For the Election committee, MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 22:13, 30 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Togo~enwiki


text:
User talk:Alves~enwiki

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I find useful

 * Policy Library
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Neutral point of view
 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~.

Cheers, Sam [Spade] 06:10, 20 May 2004 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Alves. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Alves~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 21:53, 19 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 10:24, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Alves~enwiki


text:
User talk:THEGreatGABBO

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Here are some links I find useful

 * Policy Library
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Neutral point of view
 * Pages needing attention
 * Peer review
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~.

Cheers, Sam [Spade] 06:10, 20 May 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:THEGreatGABBO


text:
Talk:The Dagger of Amon Ra

Untitled
''This page was listed on Votes for deletion in May, 2004. The result of that discussion was to keep the article. For an archive of the discussion, see Talk:The Dagger of Amon Ra/Delete.''

title: Talk:The Dagger of Amon Ra


text:
Euribor

Euro Monetary Policy.webp {{legend|#0076BA|Euro Zone inflation year/year}}

]] The Euro Interbank Offered Rate (Euribor) is a daily reference rate, published by the European Money Markets Institute, based on the averaged interest rates at which Eurozone banks borrow unsecured funds from counterparties in the euro wholesale money market (or interbank market). Prior to 2015, the rate was published by the European Banking Federation.

Scope
Euribors are used as a reference rate for euro-denominated forward rate agreements, short-term interest rate futures contracts and interest rate swaps, in very much the same way as LIBORs are commonly used for Sterling and US dollar-denominated instruments. They thus provide the basis for some of the world's most liquid and active interest rate markets.

Domestic reference rates, like Paris' PIBOR, Frankfurt's FIBOR, and Helsinki's Helibor merged into Euribor on EMU day on 1 January 1999.

Euribor should be distinguished from the less commonly used "Euro LIBOR" rates set in London by 16 major banks.

Technical features

 * Official reference: EURIBOR Technical features

A representative panel of banks provide daily quotes of the rate, rounded to two decimal places, that each Panel Bank believes one prime bank is quoting to another prime bank for interbank term deposits within the Euro zone, for maturity ranging from one week to one year. Every Panel Bank is required to directly input its data no later than 11:00 a.m. (CET) on each day that the Trans-European Automated Real-Time Gross-Settlement Express Transfer system (TARGET) is open. At 11:02 a.m. (CET), GRSS (Global Rate Set Systems) will instantaneously publish the reference rate on Refinitiv (ex. Reuters), Bloomberg and a number of other information providers which will then be made available to all their subscribers. The published rate is a rounded, truncated mean of the quoted rates: the highest and lowest 15% of quotes are eliminated, the remainder are averaged and the result is rounded to 3 decimal places. Euribor rates are spot rates, i.e. for a start two working days after measurement day. Like US money-market rates, they are Actual/360, i.e. calculated with an exact daycount over a 360-day year. Euribor was first published on 30 December 1998 for value 4 January 1999.

Euribor futures
EUR Euribor futures are traded on Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) and on Eurex

They were previously also traded on CurveGlobal, part of the London Stock Exchange Group, which has closed down operations in January 2022.

Interest rate swaps
Interest rate swaps based on short Euribors currently trade on the interbank market for maturities up to 50 years. A "five-year Euribor" will be in fact referring to the 5-year swap rate vs 6-month Euribor. "Euribor + x basis points", when talking about a bond, will mean that the bond's cash flows have to be discounted on the swaps' zero-coupon yield curve shifted by x basis points in order to equal the bond's actual market price.

€STR
The other widely used reference rate in the euro-zone is €STR, published by the European Central Bank.

title: Euribor


text:
Eonia

Eonia (Euro Overnight Index Average) was computed as a weighted average of all overnight unsecured lending transactions in the interbank market, undertaken in the European Union and European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries by a Panel of banks (the same as for Euribor) subject to the Eonia Code of Conduct.

It was reported on an ACT/360 day count convention and displayed to three decimal places. "Overnight" means from one TARGET day (i.e. day on which the Trans-European Automated Real-time Gross Settlement Express Transfer system is open) to the next.

Eonia reference rates were calculated by the European Central Bank, based on all overnight interbank assets created before the close of RTGS systems at 6pm CET, and published through GRSS (Global Rate Set Systems) every day before 7pm CET. It can be found under the ISIN identifier EU0009659945.

EONIA was replaced by the Euro Short-Term Rate (€STR), published by the ECB since 2nd of October 2019.

title: Eonia


text:
Talk:Cheeba

''This page was listed on Votes for deletion in May, 2004. The result of that discussion was to redirect to marijuana. For an archive of the discussion, see Talk:Cheeba/Delete.''

title: Talk:Cheeba


text:
Classical Prose Movement

The Classical Prose Movement of the late Tang dynasty and the Song dynasty in China advocated clarity and precision rather than the florid pianwen (駢體文) or parallel prose style that had been popular since the Han dynasty. Parallel prose had a rigid structure and came to be criticized for being overly ornate at the expense of content.

The aim of the guwen stylists was to follow the spirit of pre-Han prose rather than to imitate it directly. They used elements of colloquial language to make their writings more direct.

The movement also had political and religious aspects, as Confucian scholars tried to combat the influence of Taoism and Buddhism on the emperors. Some also saw it as an effective tool to expose the reality of corruption and weakness in the central government.

The first great promoters of the movement were Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan who were not only great writers but also great theorists, providing the foundation of the movement. Both were enthusiastic to promote the movement and were keen to teach young people so the movement could develop.

After the deaths of Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan, the movement fell into something of a decline, their students writing with such ancient characters as to hinder understanding or neglecting the importance of writing good essays. Furthermore, the government only allowed the use of pianwen for official use, so those who want to be officials had to learn that style.

Ouyang Xiu once again promoted the use of classical prose in the Song dynasty. As many people were dissatisfied with the florid piantiwen style, the Classical Prose Movement reached another peak.

title: Classical Prose Movement


text:
Talk:Betty Brant

Deletion discussion
''This page was listed on Votes for deletion in May, 2004. The result of that discussion was to keep the article. For an archive of the discussion, see Talk:Betty Brant/Delete.''

title: Talk:Betty Brant


text:
User talk:Dissonancetheory

Meghan, Welcome to Wikipedia. I've seen all the articles you are adding about Food Network personalities, and I wanted to thank you for your efforts. If cooking is something you enjoy, I'd also like to direct you to the Wikimedia Cookbook at our sister project, Wikibooks. If you'd like to learn some more about editing, please checkout the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the Sandbox.

Again, welcome, Gentgeen 06:21, 20 May 2004 (UTC)

PS: to sign your name in talk pages, type three tildes, to add a time stamp, like my signature above, add a fourth. Gentgeen

Thanks. I might add to the recipe book. And thanks for reminding me how to sign my name. I'd forgotten. Dissonancetheory 18:18, 20 May 2004 (UTC)

Mario Batali
You're welcome. Forgive my obsessive editor mode. :) Welcome to Wikipedia.  RickK 14:39, 20 May 2004 (UTC)

Sara Moulton
Just un-italicizing the subject; only books, movies etc. need italics (although they all do need to be bolded). - Hephaestos|§ 23:41, 20 May 2004 (UTC)

 * No problem :) - Hephaestos|§ 23:48, 20 May 2004 (UTC)

Ina Garten article
Hi! You once edited the Ina Garten entry for Wikipedia. This article is currently up for both a peer review and good article nomination. If you find the time, please stop by the peer review page and offer your input. Thanks! Air.dance 06:46, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dissonancetheory