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John Bayard

John Bubenheim Bayard (11 August 1738 – 7 January 1807) was a merchant, soldier, and statesman from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He achieved the rank of colonel while serving with the Continental Army, and was a delegate for Pennsylvania to the Congress of the Confederation in 1785 and 1786. Later he was elected as mayor of New Brunswick, New Jersey.

Early life
John Bubenheim Bayard was born on 11 August 1738 to James Bayard (1717–1780) and the former Mary Asheton (b. ca. 1715) at Bohemia Manor, Cecil County, Maryland. He had a twin brother, James Asheton Bayard (1738–1770).

Their father James was the youngest son of Samuel Bayard (1675–1721), who was born in New Amsterdam, and Susanna Bouchelle (1678–1750), both of French Huguenot ancestry. He also had Dutch and English ancestry as well. James Bayard was educated at West Nottingham Academy under the tutelage of the Rev. Samuel Finley, who later became the 5th President of Princeton University.

Family
Bayard's paternal line were French Huguenots who escaped France through the Netherlands. His 2x great-grandfather, Samuel Bayard (d. ca. 1647), the son of the Rev. Balthazar Bayard, married Ann Stuyvesant, the daughter of the Rev. Balthazar Stuyvesant, in the Netherlands in 1638. After Samuel Bayard's death, she brought their four children, of which Petrus Bayard (d. 1690), John Bayard's great-grandfather, was the eldest, to New Netherland with her brother Peter Stuyvesant in 1647. In 1698, John Bayard's grandfather, Samuel Bayard (1675–1721), moved to Maryland and established a plantation known as Bohemia Manor in Cecil County. It remained the seat of the family for several generations of the Bayard family.

Career
In 1755, John Bayard moved to Philadelphia and became a merchant. He entered the business world in the counting-room of a merchant, John Rhea. He began making his own investments in shipping voyages, prospered, and became one of the leaders in the merchant community. When he joined his own firm, it was named Hedge & Bayard. In 1765 Bayard signed the non-importation agreement in protest of the Stamp Act, even though it hurt his own business. By 1766, he had become one of the leaders of the Philadelphia Sons of Liberty.

Revolutionary War
Bayard was elected to the convention of Pennsylvania in July 1774, and re-elected in 1775. This group was originally the revolutionary counter to the official assembly, but eventually replaced it as the legislature for the new government. When regiments were raised for the defense of Philadelphia in 1775, Bayard became Colonel of the second regiment. In 1776, when the convention had become a constitutional assembly, he was named to the Committee of Safety. In March 1777, he became a member of the state's Board of War, and the Speaker of the Pennsylvania Assembly, and was re-elected in 1778.

In the meantime, Hedge & Bayard was contracted with the Continental Congress to supply the Continental Army. Bayard fitted out a ship sent out as a privateer. But, in the fall of 1777, the British occupied Philadelphia. Bayard moved his family to a farm at Plymouth. After getting them settled, he took to the field with his regiment. They fought at the Battles of Brandywine, Germantown, and Princeton. Bayard was cited by General Washington for his gallant leadership in the Battle of Princeton.

In 1781, Bayard became head of the Board of War, and as such joined the state's Executive Council. Under Pennsylvania's 1776 constitution this was a kind of combination of the roles of a governor's cabinet and the state Senate. In 1785 he was elected to the Congress of the Confederation, the successor of the Continental Congress. He served there in 1785 and 1786, attending their meetings in New York, then the temporary seat of government. In 1787, he was elected to the American Philosophical Society.

Later life
By 1788, Bayard had settled most of the debts he had run up during the war. He was forced to sell the estate in Maryland to another branch of the family, and closed down his Philadelphia business. He built a new home in New Brunswick, New Jersey, and moved there in the expectation of retiring. But in 1790, he was elected mayor of New Brunswick. Then, for many of his remaining years he sat as the judge in the court of common pleas for Middlesex County. He died at home in New Brunswick, New Jersey, on January 7, 1807, and is buried in the First Presbyterian Churchyard there.

Personal life
In 1759, he married Margaret Hodge (1740–1780), the daughter of Andrew Hodge (1711–1789), sister of Andrew Hodge and Hugh Hodge, and the aunt of Rev. Charles Hodge (1797–1878), in Philadelphia. Before her death in 1780, the couple had several children, including:

 * James Ashton Bayard (1760–1788), who graduated from Princeton in 1781, and who married to Eliza Rodgers, daughter of Dr. John Rodgers, a trustee of Princeton from 1765 to 1807.
 * Andrew Bayard (1762–1833), who graduated from Princeton in 1779, and who married a daughter of Col. Charles Pettit
 * John Murray Bayard (1766–1823), who married Margaret Carrick.
 * Samuel Bayard (1766–1840), who graduated from Princeton in 1784, and who married Martha Pintard, daughter of Lewis Pintard and Susan Stockton (sister of Richard Stockton)
 * Jane Bayard (1772–1851), who married Andrew Kirkpatrick (1756–1831)
 * Nicholas Serl Bayard (1774–1821), who in 1798 married Anna Livingston Bayard (d. 1802), the daughter of Nicholas Bayard (1736–1798) and Catherine Livingston (1743–1775). The latter was the daughter of Peter Van Brugh Livingston and his wife. After Anna's death in 1802, he married Esther McIntosh, the daughter of Gen. Lachlan McIntosh and the former Sarah Threadcraft.
 * Margaret Bayard (1778–1844), who married Samuel Harrison Smith (1772–1845) in 1800 and became a published writer. She is best known for her posthumously published memoir, The First Forty Years of Washington Society (1906), drawn from her letters to family and friends.
 * Anna Bayard (1779–1869), who married Samuel Boyd.

The household was enlarged after the couple adopted the three orphaned children of John's twin brother, James Asheton Bayard I (1738–1770). He had married Margaret Hodge's sister Ann, who also died young. Two young nephews and a niece joined the John Bayard household in 1770: John H. Bayard (1762–1820), Jane Bayard (b. 1765), and James Asheton Bayard II (1767–1815). He graduated from Princeton in 1784.

In 1781, shortly after the death of his first wife Margaret, Bayard remarried, to Mary (née Grant) Hodgson (d. 1785). She was a widow of John Hodgson of South Carolina.

After Mary's death in 1785, Bayard married for the third and final time to Johannah White (d. 1834), sister of General Anthony Walton White (1750–1803), sister-in-law of William Paterson (1745–1806), and granddaughter of Lewis Morris (1671–1746), the Chief Justice of New York from 1715 to 1733 and Governor of New Jersey from 1738 to 1746. She survived him and died on June 26, 1834, in New Brunswick, New Jersey. Neither of the later marriages had surviving children.

Descendants
Through his eldest son, James Bayard, he was the grandfather of two, James Asheton Bayard and Anthony Walton Bayard (1737–1860).

Through his second son, Andrew Bayard, he was the grandfather of six, Sarah Bayard, John Bayard (1795–1869) (a founder of the Philomathean Society at the University of Pennsylvania), Elizabeth Bayard, Theodosia Bayard, James Bayard, and Charles Bayard.

Through his third son, John Murray Bayard, he was the grandfather of Jane Bayard (who married A. H. Stevens).

Through his fourth son, Samuel Bayard, he was the grandfather of seven, Rev. Dr. Lewis Pintard Bayard (1791–1840), Susan Bayard, Maria Bayard, Samuel John Bayard (1801–1878) (who married Jane Ann Winder Dashiel, the parents of Gen. George Dashiell Bayard (1835–1862)), William Marsden Bayard (1803–1863), Juliet Elizabeth Bayard (1806–1865) (who married William Augustine Washington II (1804–1830), son of William A. Washington), and Caroline Smith Bayard (1814–1891) (who married Albert Baldwin Dod (1805–1845)).

Through his fifth child, Jane Bayard Kirkpatrick, he was the grandfather of Mary Ann Kirkpatrick, John Bayard Kirkpatrick (1795–1864), George Littleton Kirkpatrick (1797–1859), Jane Eudora Kirkpatrick (who married Rev. Dr. Jonathan Cogswell in 1837, the parents of Jane Emily Searle Cogswell who married James Grant Wilson in 1869), Elizabeth Kirkpatrick, Sarah Kirkpatrick, and Charles Kirkpatrick.

Through his sixth child, Nicholas Serl Bayard, he was the grandfather to Nicholas James Bayard (1799–1879) (who married Sarah Harris, Sarah Glen, and Eliza Hand née King (1808–1883)), Jane Bayard (who married Rev. James Leighton Wilson), and Margaret Esther Bayard (who married Rev. James Read Eckard, the parents of Leighton Wilson Eckard who married Bessie Schofield).

Through his seventh child, Margaret Bayard Smith, he was the grandfather of Julia Smith, Susan Smith, John Bayard Harrison Smith, and Anne Smith.

Through his eight and youngest child, Anna Bayard Boyd, he was the grandfather of Bayard Boyd (1815–1904) (who married Manette Lansing (1817–1904)), Elizabeth Boyd, Anna Boyd, and Isabella Boyd.

title: John Bayard


text:
Apollonius

Apollonius (Απολλώνιος) is a masculine given name which may refer to:

Artists

 * Apollonius of Athens (sculptor) (fl. 1st century BC)
 * Apollonius of Tralles (fl. 2nd century BC), sculptor
 * Apollonius (satyr sculptor)
 * Apollonius (son of Archias), sculptor

Historians

 * Apollonius of Aphrodisias (fl. c. 3rd century BC), historian of Caria
 * Apollonius of Ascalon, historian mentioned by Stephanus of Byzantium

Writers

 * Apollonius Attaleus, writer on dreams
 * Apollonius of Acharnae, ancient Greek writer on festivals
 * Apollonius of Laodicea, writer on astrology
 * Apollonius of Rhodes (born c. 270 BC), librarian and poet, best known for the Argonautica
 * Apollonius (son of Chaeris), ancient Greek writer, mentioned by the scholiast on Aristophanes
 * Apollonius (son of Sotades), writer

Oratory

 * Apollonius Dyscolus (fl. 2nd century AD), grammarian
 * Apollonius Eidographus, ancient Greek grammarian
 * Apollonius Molon (fl. 70 BC), rhetorician
 * Apollonius of Athens or Apollonius of Naucratis, (fl. 2nd century AD), sophist and rhetorician
 * Apollonius the Effeminate (fl. 120 BC), Greek rhetorician of Alabanda in Caria
 * Apollonius the Sophist, grammarian who lived towards the end of the 1st century, and wrote a renowned Homeric lexicon

Philosophers

 * Apollonius Cronus (fl. 4th century BC), philosopher of the Megarian school
 * Apollonius of Chalcedon, philosophy tutor to the emperors Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus
 * Apollonius of Syria, Platonic philosopher
 * Apollonius of Tyana (c. 40–c. 100 AD), Neo-Pythagorean philosopher
 * Apollonius of Tyre (philosopher), Stoic philosopher
 * Apollonius paradoxographus (fl. 2nd century BC), paradoxographer

Political

 * Apollonius (ambassador) (fl. 2nd century BC), ambassador sent from the Seleucid Empire
 * Apollonius (consul 460), consul in 460
 * Apollonius (freedman), or Publius Licinius Apollonius, secretary of Publius Licinius Crassus
 * Apollonius (magister militum) (fl. 443–451), Eastern Roman general
 * Apollonius of Clazomenae (fl. 2nd century BC), ambassador sent to the Seleucid Empire
 * Apollonius of Drepanum (fl. 2nd century BC), citizen of Sicily
 * Apollonius of Sicily, leader of a revolt in 103 BCE
 * Apollonius (praetorian prefect) (442–443), Roman Praetorian prefect
 * Apollonius (Seleucid) (fl. 2nd century BC) a friend of Demetrius I Soter
 * Apollonius (son of Charinus), politician under Alexander the Great
 * Apollonius the dioiketes (fl. 250 BC), finance minister of Egypt
 * Apollonius (tyrant), (fl. 1st century BC), Mesopotamian tyrant
 * Apollonius, general of the Samarians, who was defeated at the Battle of Ma'aleh Levona in 167 BC

Religious figures

 * Apollonius, Bishop of Corinth, 2nd-century Bishop of Corinth
 * Apollonius (bishop of Ephesus), 2nd-century Christian writer
 * Apollonius (martyr), Christian martyr of the 2nd century
 * Apollonius of Egypt, theorist on the age of the world
 * Apollonius of Ephesus (fl. 180–210), religious leader and writer
 * Apollonius the Apologist (died c. 186), religious leader
 * Apollonius of Rome, Christian martyr of the 4th century

Physicians and scientists

 * List of physicians named Apollonius, a list of physicians in ancient Greece and Rome
 * Apollonius Glaucus, physician
 * Apollonius of Citium (fl. 1st century BC), physician
 * Apollonius of Perga (late 3rd–early 2nd centuries BC), geometer and astronomer

Other

 * Apollonius of Myndus, ancient astrologer said to be skilled with horoscopes

Modern world

 * Apollonius Schotte (c. 1579–1639), Dutch statesman
 * Apollonius von Maltitz (1795–1870), Russian diplomat

Fictional characters

 * Apollonius of Tyre, medieval fictional character

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Apollonius


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Talk:OCONUS

.
Can this be expanded from a dicdef? What is the history of the term, for example? How does it relate to continental United States, which is noted in that article as ambiguous? ie Does it include Alaska? Andrewa 20:16, 17 May 2004 (UTC)

..
From vfd:

end of moved discussion

Redirecting to CONUS
Redirecting this article to CONUS rather than Military slang (the former provides an actual meaning / explanation (which is what the reader is presumably seeking) while the latter only provides a categorization, with no explanation of meaning). Mlibby (talk) 14:53, 3 October 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:OCONUS


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John Torchetti

John Torchetti (born July 9, 1964) is a former American ice hockey player and coach, currently serving as an assistant coach for the Philadelphia Flyers. Torchetti has been an interim head coach in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Florida Panthers, the Los Angeles Kings, and Minnesota Wild.

Torchetti has served as the head coach for the San Antonio Rampage of the American Hockey League (2002–2003), the Moncton Wildcats of the QMJHL (2006–2007), and the Iowa Wild of the American Hockey League (2014–2016). He served as an assistant coach with the Atlanta Thrashers, Detroit Red Wings, Chicago Blackhawks, and the Tampa Bay Lightning in the NHL, as well as the Kontinental Hockey League's HC CSKA Moscow.

Playing career
Torchetti played prep school hockey for the powerful New Preparatory School of Cambridge, Massachusetts, as a post-graduate at the age of eighteen under the coaching tutelage of the regionally renowned George Kozack. Before attending New Prep School, Torchetti played for Jamaica Plain High School in the Boston City League, where he set state scoring records, superseding the ones achieved in the late 1960s by Robbie Ftorek of Needham High School.

Torchetti started his professional career as a member of the Carolina Thunderbirds, where he would spend seven of his eight seasons. Torchetti led the All-American Hockey League (AAHL) in goals (63), assists (71), and points (134) during the 1987–88 AAHL season. He would have a brief call-up with the Binghamton Whalers of the American Hockey League at the start of the 1988–89 season, but returned to Carolina, which had since helped found the East Coast Hockey League (ECHL), after ten games.

After eight seasons in the minors, Torchetti retired from hockey after the 1990–91 ECHL season.

Coaching career
His first coaching assignment came as an assistant coach for the Greensboro Monarchs of the ECHL. His first head coaching position was with the San Antonio Iguanas of the Central Hockey League, where he took over when Bill Goldsworthy became ill. He coached the Iguanas to the finals twice in two years and won the Commissioner's Trophy for coach of the year in 1995. After spending the first half of the 1996–97 season as an assistant coach with the San Antonio Dragons of the International Hockey League, Torchetti became head coach of the Fort Wayne Komets. In 1998, he won the Commissioners' Trophy.

Before the 1999–2000 NHL season Torchetti was hired as an assistant coach for the Tampa Bay Lightning under Steve Ludzik. In 2002, Torchetti returned to San Antonio when he was hired as head coach of the San Antonio Rampage in the American Hockey League (AHL). After 65 games he was promoted to assistant coach with the parent club, the Florida Panthers. In 2004, he served 27 games as interim head coach, replacing Rick Dudley. He finished with a 10–12–4–1 record before being replaced by Jacques Martin. During the 2005–06 NHL season, Torchetti was hired by Dave Taylor as interim head coach of the Los Angeles Kings. With a chance to clinch a playoff spot, he had a 5–7 record in the team's final 12 games and was not retained by the Kings, instead being replaced by Marc Crawford.

In 2006, he was hired by the Moncton Wildcats to replace Ted Nolan as head coach and director of hockey operations. He coached the team to a 39–25–0–4 record and a third-placed finish in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League's Eastern Division. The Wildcats were eliminated in the first round by the Halifax Mooseheads.

Torchetti was hired as an associate coach for the Chicago Blackhawks on May 16, 2007, and won his first Stanley Cup in 2010.

On July 8, 2010, it was announced that Torchetti has been hired by the Atlanta Thrashers as the associate head coach under Craig Ramsay.

On July 5, 2011, he was announced as the new head coach of the Houston Aeros in the AHL, replacing Mike Yeo.

On June 24, 2013, he was introduced as the new head coach of the Kontinental Hockey League's CSKA Moscow.

On November 12, 2014, he was announced as the head coach of the Iowa Wild. He replaced Kurt Kleinendorst, who had started the season with a 2–10 record. This marked a return to a franchise he led in Houston. On February 13, 2016, Torchetti he was promoted to the interim head coach of the NHL's Minnesota Wild.

On June 9, 2016, Torchetti was named an assistant coach for the Detroit Red Wings.

On January 15, 2019, Torchetti was announced to return as the head coach and director of hockey operations for the Moncton Wildcats. On December 14, 2019, the Wildcats announced that Torchetti was fired, a decision made due to "internal reasons."

Torchetti joined the Philadelphia Flyers' coaching staff as an assistant on January 25, 2022.

title: John Torchetti


text:
Wikipedia talk:List of lists

I undeleted the old revisions - there is no reason for them to be deleted now that this page is a redirect. Graham 87 06:24, 20 November 2007 (UTC)

How to update
SELECT CONCAT('#',REPLACE(REPLACE(cur_title,'List_of_',),'_',' '), ) AS List_of_lists FROM `cur` WHERE ( cur_title LIKE 'List_of%'     OR cur_title LIKE 'Table_of%'      OR cur_title LIKE 'Lists_of%' ) AND cur_namespace=0 AND cur_is_redirect=0 ORDER BY Upper(cur_title) LIMIT 10000

Overloaded?
I tried to add List of universities in Saudi Arabia and List of universities named after people, but apparently, the list of lists is just so overloaded. Can any one add these lists? -- Eagle 16:20, May 3, 2005 (UTC)

Disambig pages
Need to filter out disambig pages, like List of one-hit wonders Kevyn 00:43, 3 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * I checked, there are just 5 or 6 of them .. -- User:Docu

Discussion
Is there any way to separate these by letter? RealGrouchy 23:42, 8 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * If there is an easy way, please add it to the query above. -- User:Docu

Templates

 * Templates should not be in categories. That is why it would be important to find them in a list (maybe ordered by projects).
 * It would be possible to reference to this list with a link in their discussion page. See both Links to List of templates. *Regards Gangleri 04:18, 2004 Nov 10 (UTC)

 * Are you looking for something like List of pages in the Wikipedia namespace just for the template namespace? -- User:Docu

 * Yes Docu, you got the point! Whenever I search for an suitable template I have seen somewhere it takes at least an half an hour. Also now inserting fr:Discuter:Antoine de Saint-Exupery (you may look at the whole Talk). I hope you have administrator rights and can make a querry or you know somebody who can do this.
 * This is why I started inserting comments at the talk pages of templates I am interested and can follow them looking at What links to "List of templates" or in a more technical way Special:Whatlinkshere/Wikipedia:List of templates. Regards [[   :Gangleri|Gangleri | T | [ Th]]] 03:22, 2004 Nov 11 (UTC)

Categorization
Hi, is it possible or feasible to order this list into groups such as politics, music, geogrpahy, science, etc.? Jaberwocky6669 02:42, Dec 17, 2004 (UTC)

 * It used to be, when it was maintained by hand. The category system is currently being used to label articles (and lists) with appropriate categories. This information could be used to sort this list of lists by category hierarchy, but currently no-one has had the time or inclination to write the software to do it. Volunteers who want to code a solution should contact the Wikitech-l mailing list. -- The Anome 08:11, Apr 14, 2005 (UTC)

 * The present list is confusing & it is very difficult to find what one is looking for.

The "list of persons by name" and "sports topics" could be hived off for starters. (I know enough about HTML-ing to know I don't want to get too involved (g)).

Symbolic/numeric category
Shouldn't there be a separate section or sections for Titles starting with symbols and numbers, instead of adding them to the A category? --JB Adder | Talk 07:53, 19 October 2005 (UTC)

Question
¿Isn't any list of lists a paradox? Because a list of lists has to include itself, right?
 * Not a paradox; just recursive Taiichi 2 07:48, 2 December 2005 (UTC)
 * But what about List of lists that do not list themselves? ;-) (See also Russell's paradox.) --Mormegil 18:18, 9 January 2006 (UTC)

run another query
Can someone run another query so we can see the current lists on Wikipedia? Doing some list maintenance. Thanks!--Urthogie 22:00, 22 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Use Special:Allpages/List instead. Radiant_ >|< 01:25, 26 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Why does this page exist then?

 * I had been wondering about that myself. My guess is that it predates Special:Allpages. Radiant_ >|< 11:10, 26 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Special:Allpages/List doesn't have a talk page so what does it mean that some of the lists are in italics? --JeffW 03:09, 11 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Seems like italics are redirects.--Urthogie 10:04, 11 April 2006 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia talk:List of lists


text: File:Mari Alkatiri.png

title: File:Mari Alkatiri.png


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Talk:List of flags by color

Where in the hell was it decided to use "gold" instead of "yellow"?? "Yellow" is a more user-friendly color name than "gold". 66.32.109.38 20:23, 17 May 2004 (UTC)

Number of flags in each group
How many flags are currently in each of the 8 groups of flags on this article??

(For some reason, the answer to the question "Why was it decided to use "gold" instead of "yellow??" that was asked a while ago still hasn't been answered.)
 * Red = fure
 * White =
 * Blue =
 * Green =
 * Yellow =
 * Black =
 * Brown =
 * Orange =

66.245.102.102 01:05, 31 May 2004 (UTC)

Flag of Annan plan?
Should the proposed flag of the United Cyprus Republic be added in these listings? Or should only flags actually in use be put here?

If noone objects I'll probably add it. Or someone else can do it for me

Aris Katsaris 03:45, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Gold or Yellow??
As indicated on Pages needing attention, this list was formerly on 8 separate articles titled like List of flags with red. Back in those days, the title of the yellow list was List of flags with yellow, not "List of flags with gold". When they got merged, it stayed that way for a while, but then somebody changed "yellow" to "gold". Now, people are using Gold and Yellow as 2 separate lists. What's happening?? We need a voting poll on what the best thing to do with how yellow flags are organized in this table. 66.245.67.194 14:40, 6 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Polls are evil. I suggest a discussion type format, and I also suggest that we merge the two into a category "Yellow/Gold". -- Grunt (talk) 14:46, 2004 Aug 6 (UTC)
 * What does "Polls are evil" mean?? 66.245.67.194 14:49, 6 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Follow the link and it will explain itself. :) -- Grunt (talk) 14:51, 2004 Aug 6 (UTC)
 * Is the discussion ready to start?? Please make sure at least 5 registered Wikipedians participate. 66.245.67.194 14:54, 6 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * The note under "gold" says: «Note that in heraldry, the term "Gold" is used to signify an area with the color yellow». AFAIK this is correct and I understand it as that flags like Spain's (with a large yellow area) belongs to "Gold", while flags like Portugal's (simply some yellow details) belong to "yellow". Still I see no problem in merging them. Nabla 17:39, 2004 Aug 6 (UTC)
 * Still 2 weeks have gone by and there have been no new responses in this discussion?? What happened?? 66.32.246.242 00:22, 20 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * A third week has gone by now with no consensus. 66.245.115.34 21:37, 27 Aug 2004 (UTC)
 * Perhaps not enough people are reading this. Would it be bad to have the setion labels Gold/Yellow and avoid the problem?  If not, let's "be bold" and jsut do it.Cavebear42 16:10, 2 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * As Nabla pointed out gold/yellow has to be decided on a case by case basis. -- Ævar Arnfjörð [ Bjarmason]   17:51, 2004 Sep 2 (UTC)
 * Everything is going to require a case by case basis reguardless of the colors. But having a "Gold or Yellow" catigory, by combining the 2, we could eliminate the discussion over how much contitutes "a large yellow area" and we could easily classify the flags together and a case by case basis would require so much effort to determine.Cavebear42 18:33, 2 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * I totally agree. I will be unifying these. --Marnen Laibow-Koser 14:50, 23 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Any objections??
Now it appears most likely that Gold/Yellow should be merged into a single category. Any Wikipedian who objects?? 66.32.242.243 23:39, 2 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * The only possible difficulty is the Green/White/Orange of Ireland which is often referred to as Gree/White/Gold. Clearly the Gold isn't yellow in this case!  We may be able to circumvent this by decalring the supplanting of orange with gold as POV as some argue this was originally to avoid connotations with the Orangemen (though ironically the flag's design was to include the protestant (orange) and catholic (green) traditions).  However "Green/White/Gold" seems to be said now widely in respect of the flag with blind innocence due to common usage.  I know this is something easily got over, but I thought it might be an interesting point of potential confusion ;) Dainamo 22:18, 5 Sep 2004 (UTC)
 * It would just be wrong, i think they need to be seperated, gold is not the same color as yellow. -- Ævar Arnfjörð [ Bjarmason]   15:20, 2004 Sep 6 (UTC)
 * Heraldically, gold and yellow are equivalent; in many flags it's not really possible to say whether gold or yellow is meant. This is the rationale for unifying the gold and yellow sections. Orange is a different color altogether (so the Irish example given above is really not heraldically correct). --Marnen Laibow-Koser (talk) 20:01, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

A Call for a TOTAL change to this page
I really think it would be more useful and effective to present flags by colour-combination for example:

One Colour Flags:
 * Green:
 * Libya

Two Colour Flags:
 * Green/White:
 * Nigeria

Three Colour Flag
 * Green/White/Red
 * Hungary
 * Italy

It might be even better to first subset by flag design e.g.
 * tricolor (vertical)
 * tricolor (horizontal)
 * crosses
 * multistripe

etc.

In this was an easy referenece to identify a flag is born with all the infomration given here and more.

Dainamo 22:30, 5 Sep 2004 (UTC)

This link [] shows some ideas of an approach Dainamo 22:32, 5 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Well, that's at a separate article called List of flags by number of colors. 66.245.69.98 22:49, 5 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Thankyou. Having seen that page, I have to question the usefulness of the existence of this page. Dainamo 12:38, 6 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Well, what is your opinion?? 66.32.240.129 13:52, 6 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * I question the usefullness of either page. Surely, one isn't more usefull than the other.  It appears to be working as it was intended too.  I say leave it as it is. Cavebear42 15:12, 6 Sep 2004 (UTC)

List of flags by design (tricolor, crosses, multistripe etc) might be an interesting page to make -- go right ahead and create it. But it wouldn't be *this* page, which is titled list of flags by *color*. :-) Aris Katsaris 15:35, 6 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * Well, what groups would it have?? (This article has "black", "blue", etc. 66.245.9.242 15:39, 6 Sep 2004 (UTC)

 * It sounds like what is really wanted is an ordinary. This is a book that lists coats of arms (or flags) by blazon. --Marnen Laibow-Koser (talk) 20:07, 25 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Important News
Just over 2 years ago, these lists were created in separate articles List of flags with blue, List of flags with red, etc. Then, it was decided to merge all the lists into one. Now, however, the article is beginning to grow big that I think it's time to know if anyone has any opinions about splitting the sections back into separate articles. Anyone have any opinions yet?? Georgia guy 14:56, 26 August 2006 (UTC)
 * After just 3 days, no one has made any responses yet and the article is now 33KB. Georgia guy 17:51, 29 August 2006 (UTC)
 * I agree with this suggestion, especially since the page(s) would be much more useful if pictures were included... --jazzle 14:34, 8 March 2007 (UTC)
 * I very much agree about the pictures — I don't really see the point of this page as it stands. Even if split up, I wonder why, for example, "flags with blue in them" is an interesting category: it seems much too broad.  On the other hand, Gallery of solid flags actually is a potentially interesting category in terms of color symbolism, I think; at least, at a practical level, it's a set of flags that might be confused with one another (see also Gallery of confusable flags).  My suggestion would be to do away with this long list, and concentrate on re-organizing the material under Gallery of flags by design by color (it's currently mostly alphabetical by name of entity the flag refers to). --ScottMainwaring 17:19, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

Inconsistent pipes
I've collected a long list (shown below the subheading "The list" below) of inconsistencies in the pipes used for various flags. A few of the entries go like this (please do not edit here):

 * Red	|	Australian Aboriginal Flag	|
 * Black	|	Australian Aboriginal Flag	|	Flag of the Aboriginals
 * Yellow	|	Australian Aboriginal Flag	|	Flag of the Aboriginals
 * Green	|	Flag of Algeria	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Algeria	|
 * White	|	Flag of Algeria	|
 * Green	|	Flag of Algeria	|	Naval Ensign of Algeria
 * Red	|	Flag of Algeria	|	Naval Ensign of Algeria
 * White	|	Flag of Algeria	|	Naval Ensign of Algeria
 * Black	|	commons:File:Flag of Jihad.svg	|	Flag of Islamic Khilafah
 * Black	|	commons:File:Flag of Jihad.svg	|	Flag of Jihad
 * Black	|	commons:File:Flag of Jihad.svg	|	Flag of Islamic Khilafah
 * Black	|	commons:File:Flag of Jihad.svg	|	Flag of Jihad

Take the entries for Australian Aboriginal Flag, as illustrated above. This flag has three colours. For two of these it's piped to "Flag of the Aboriginals", but for one colour it isn't piped. Clearly, it should be treated the same way in all three cases, but I'm not sure which way is the better.

Not all entries in the list really represent inconsistencies; if one article (like Flag of Algeria, also illustrated above) covers two or more flags ("Flag of Algeria" (no pipe) and the "Naval Ensign of Algeria" (piped)), it is listed below as an inconsistency, though it really isn't. (In this particular case, the two flags are similar and use the same set of colours, so one pipe like "Flag of Algeria, and Naval Ensign of Algeria" might help unclutter the article - I'm not sure about that.)

In a case like, also illustrated above, the reason it appears in the list below is that one flag appears under two different names ("Flag of Islamic Khilafah" and "Flag of Jihad"). Perhaps it should; perhaps it shouldn't - I'll leave that for others to decide.

Feel free to see the list below as a "to-do-list"; i.e., if you find flags (like Flag of Algeria) without real inconsistencies, please remove them from the list below -- and if you fix inconsistencies like the one for Australian Aboriginal Flag, please remove that too, below.--Nø (talk) 08:46, 11 April 2022 (UTC)

The list
Feel free to remove entries below that no longer represent actual inconsistencies.

 * Color	|	Article	|	Pipe
 * Red	|	Australian Aboriginal Flag	|
 * Black	|	Australian Aboriginal Flag	|	Flag of the Aboriginals
 * Yellow	|	Australian Aboriginal Flag	|	Flag of the Aboriginals
 * Red	|	Bureau of Navigation	|	Flag of the United States Bureau of Navigation
 * White	|	Bureau of Navigation	|	Flag of the United States Bureau of Navigation
 * Blue	|	Bureau of Navigation	|	Flag of the United States Bureau of Navigation (in use 1884–1946)
 * Black	|	commons:File:Flag of Jihad.svg	|	Flag of Islamic Khilafah
 * Black	|	commons:File:Flag of Jihad.svg	|	Flag of Jihad
 * Black	|	Flag of Albania	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Albania	|
 * Black	|	Flag of Albania	|	Civil Ensign of Albania
 * Red	|	Flag of Albania	|	Civil Ensign of Albania
 * Black	|	Flag of Albania	|	Naval Ensign of Albania
 * Red	|	Flag of Albania	|	Naval Ensign of Albania
 * White	|	Flag of Albania	|	Naval Ensign of Albania
 * Green	|	Flag of Algeria	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Algeria	|
 * White	|	Flag of Algeria	|
 * Green	|	Flag of Algeria	|	Naval Ensign of Algeria
 * Red	|	Flag of Algeria	|	Naval Ensign of Algeria
 * White	|	Flag of Algeria	|	Naval Ensign of Algeria
 * Blue	|	Flag of Argentina	|
 * Brown	|	Flag of Argentina	|
 * White	|	Flag of Argentina	|
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Argentina	|
 * Blue	|	Flag of Argentina	|	Civil Flag and Ensign of Argentina
 * White	|	Flag of Argentina	|	Civil Flag and Ensign of Argentina
 * Red	|	Flag of Austria	|
 * White	|	Flag of Austria	|
 * Black	|	Flag of Austria	|	State Flag of Austria
 * Red	|	Flag of Austria	|	State Flag of Austria
 * White	|	Flag of Austria	|	State Flag of Austria
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Austria	|	State Flag of Austria
 * Green	|	Flag of Bangladesh	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Bangladesh	|
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Bangladesh	|
 * Green	|	Flag of Bangladesh	|	Civil Ensign of Bangladesh
 * Red	|	Flag of Bangladesh	|	Civil Ensign of Bangladesh
 * Green	|	Flag of Bangladesh	|	Naval Ensign of Bangladesh
 * Red	|	Flag of Bangladesh	|	Naval Ensign of Bangladesh
 * White	|	Flag of Bangladesh	|	Naval Ensign of Bangladesh
 * Green	|	Flag of Belarus	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Belarus	|
 * White	|	Flag of Belarus	|
 * Green	|	Flag of Belarus	|	Presidential Standard of Belarus
 * Red	|	Flag of Belarus	|	Presidential Standard of Belarus
 * White	|	Flag of Belarus	|	Presidential Standard of Belarus
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Belarus	|	Presidential Standard of Belarus
 * Black	|	Flag of Belgium	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Belgium	|
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Belgium	|
 * Black	|	Flag of Belgium	|	Civil Flag and Ensign of Belgium
 * Red	|	Flag of Belgium	|	Civil Flag and Ensign of Belgium
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Belgium	|	Civil Flag and Ensign of Belgium
 * Black	|	Flag of Belgium	|	Naval Ensign of Belgium
 * Red	|	Flag of Belgium	|	Naval Ensign of Belgium
 * White	|	Flag of Belgium	|	Naval Ensign of Belgium
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Belgium	|	Naval Ensign of Belgium
 * Black	|	Flag of Belgium	|	State Ensign of Belgium
 * Red	|	Flag of Belgium	|	State Ensign of Belgium
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Belgium	|	State Ensign of Belgium
 * Blue	|	Flag of Brazil	|
 * Green	|	Flag of Brazil	|
 * White	|	Flag of Brazil	|
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Brazil	|
 * Blue	|	Flag of Brazil	|	Naval Jack of Brazil
 * White	|	Flag of Brazil	|	Naval Jack of Brazil
 * Blue	|	Flag of Chile	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Chile	|
 * White	|	Flag of Chile	|
 * Yellow	|	flag of Chile	|	First Flag of Chile (1812-1814)
 * Black	|	Flag of Costa Rica	|
 * Blue	|	Flag of Costa Rica	|
 * Brown	|	Flag of Costa Rica	|
 * Green	|	Flag of Costa Rica	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Costa Rica	|
 * White	|	Flag of Costa Rica	|
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Costa Rica	|
 * Blue	|	Flag of Costa Rica	|	Civil Flag and Ensign of Costa Rica
 * Red	|	Flag of Costa Rica	|	Civil Flag and Ensign of Costa Rica
 * White	|	Flag of Costa Rica	|	Civil Flag and Ensign of Costa Rica
 * Black	|	Flag of Croatia	|
 * Blue	|	Flag of Croatia	|
 * Brown	|	Flag of Croatia	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Croatia	|
 * White	|	Flag of Croatia	|
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Croatia	|
 * Black	|	Flag of Croatia	|	Civil and State Ensign of Croatia
 * Blue	|	Flag of Croatia	|	Civil and State Ensign of Croatia
 * Brown	|	Flag of Croatia	|	Civil and State Ensign of Croatia
 * Red	|	Flag of Croatia	|	Civil and State Ensign of Croatia
 * White	|	Flag of Croatia	|	Civil and State Ensign of Croatia
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Croatia	|	Civil and State Ensign of Croatia
 * Black	|	Flag of Croatia	|	Naval Ensign of Croatia
 * Blue	|	Flag of Croatia	|	Naval Ensign of Croatia
 * Brown	|	Flag of Croatia	|	Naval Ensign of Croatia
 * Red	|	Flag of Croatia	|	Naval Ensign of Croatia
 * White	|	Flag of Croatia	|	Naval Ensign of Croatia
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Croatia	|	Naval Ensign of Croatia
 * Red	|	Flag of Denmark	|
 * White	|	Flag of Denmark	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Denmark	|	Naval Ensign of Denmark
 * White	|	Flag of Denmark	|	Naval Ensign of Denmark
 * Red	|	Flag of Denmark	|	State Flag and Ensign of Denmark
 * White	|	Flag of Denmark	|	State Flag and Ensign of Denmark
 * Black	|	Flag of El Salvador	|
 * Blue	|	Flag of El Salvador	|
 * Green	|	Flag of El Salvador	|
 * Orange	|	Flag of El Salvador	|
 * Red	|	Flag of El Salvador	|
 * White	|	Flag of El Salvador	|
 * Yellow	|	Flag of El Salvador	|
 * Black	|	Flag of El Salvador	|	Civil Ensign of El Salvador
 * Blue	|	Flag of El Salvador	|	Civil Ensign of El Salvador
 * Red	|	Flag of El Salvador	|	Civil Ensign of El Salvador
 * Yellow	|	Flag of El Salvador	|	Civil Ensign of El Salvador
 * Blue	|	Flag of Eritrea	|
 * Green	|	Flag of Eritrea	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Eritrea	|
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Eritrea	|
 * Black	|	Flag of Eritrea	|	Presidential Flag of Eritrea
 * Blue	|	Flag of Eritrea	|	Presidential Flag of Eritrea
 * Green	|	Flag of Eritrea	|	Presidential Flag of Eritrea
 * Orange	|	Flag of Eritrea	|	Presidential Flag of Eritrea
 * Red	|	Flag of Eritrea	|	Presidential Flag of Eritrea
 * White	|	Flag of Eritrea	|	Presidential Flag of Eritrea
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Eritrea	|	Presidential Flag of Eritrea
 * Black	|	Flag of Estonia	|
 * Blue	|	Flag of Estonia	|
 * White	|	Flag of Estonia	|
 * Black	|	Flag of Estonia	|	Naval Ensign of Estonia
 * Blue	|	Flag of Estonia	|	Naval Ensign of Estonia
 * Red	|	Flag of Estonia	|	Naval Ensign of Estonia
 * White	|	Flag of Estonia	|	Naval Ensign of Estonia
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Estonia	|	Naval Ensign of Estonia
 * Black	|	Flag of Estonia	|	Naval Jack of Estonia
 * Blue	|	Flag of Estonia	|	Naval Jack of Estonia
 * White	|	Flag of Estonia	|	Naval Jack of Estonia
 * Black	|	Flag of Estonia	|	Presidential Flag of Estonia
 * Blue	|	Flag of Estonia	|	Presidential Flag of Estonia
 * Red	|	Flag of Estonia	|	Presidential Flag of Estonia
 * White	|	Flag of Estonia	|	Presidential Flag of Estonia
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Estonia	|	Presidential Flag of Estonia
 * Black	|	Flag of Fiji	|
 * Blue	|	Flag of Fiji	|
 * Brown	|	Flag of Fiji	|
 * Green	|	Flag of Fiji	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Fiji	|
 * White	|	Flag of Fiji	|
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Fiji	|
 * Black	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Civil Air Ensign of Fiji
 * Blue	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Civil Air Ensign of Fiji
 * Brown	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Civil Air Ensign of Fiji
 * Green	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Civil Air Ensign of Fiji
 * Red	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Civil Air Ensign of Fiji
 * White	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Civil Air Ensign of Fiji
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Civil Air Ensign of Fiji
 * Black	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Civil Ensign of Fiji
 * Blue	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Civil Ensign of Fiji
 * Brown	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Civil Ensign of Fiji
 * Green	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Civil Ensign of Fiji
 * Red	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Civil Ensign of Fiji
 * White	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Civil Ensign of Fiji
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Civil Ensign of Fiji
 * Black	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Naval Ensign of Fiji
 * Blue	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Naval Ensign of Fiji
 * Brown	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Naval Ensign of Fiji
 * Green	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Naval Ensign of Fiji
 * Red	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Naval Ensign of Fiji
 * White	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Naval Ensign of Fiji
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Fiji	|	Naval Ensign of Fiji
 * Black	|	Flag of Fiji	|	State Ensign of Fiji
 * Blue	|	Flag of Fiji	|	State Ensign of Fiji
 * Brown	|	Flag of Fiji	|	State Ensign of Fiji
 * Green	|	Flag of Fiji	|	State Ensign of Fiji
 * Red	|	Flag of Fiji	|	State Ensign of Fiji
 * White	|	Flag of Fiji	|	State Ensign of Fiji
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Fiji	|	State Ensign of Fiji
 * Blue	|	Flag of Finland	|
 * White	|	Flag of Finland	|
 * Blue	|	Flag of Finland	|	Presidential Flag of Finland
 * Red	|	Flag of Finland	|	Presidential Flag of Finland
 * White	|	Flag of Finland	|	Presidential Flag of Finland
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Finland	|	Presidential Flag of Finland
 * Blue	|	Flag of Finland	|	State Flag and Ensign of Finland
 * Red	|	Flag of Finland	|	State Flag and Ensign of Finland
 * White	|	Flag of Finland	|	State Flag and Ensign of Finland
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Finland	|	State Flag and Ensign of Finland
 * Blue	|	Flag of Finland	|	War Flag and Naval Ensign of Finland
 * Red	|	Flag of Finland	|	War Flag and Naval Ensign of Finland
 * White	|	Flag of Finland	|	War Flag and Naval Ensign of Finland
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Finland	|	War Flag and Naval Ensign of Finland
 * Blue	|	Flag of France	|
 * Red	|	Flag of France	|
 * White	|	Flag of France	|
 * Blue	|	Flag of France	|	Civil and Naval Ensign of France
 * Red	|	Flag of France	|	Civil and Naval Ensign of France
 * White	|	Flag of France	|	Civil and Naval Ensign of France
 * White	|	Flag of Georgia (country)	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Georgia (country)	|	Flag of Georgia
 * Black	|	Flag of Germany	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Germany	|
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Germany	|
 * Black	|	Flag of Germany	|	Naval Ensign of Germany
 * Red	|	Flag of Germany	|	Naval Ensign of Germany
 * White	|	Flag of Germany	|	Naval Ensign of Germany
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Germany	|	Naval Ensign of Germany
 * Black	|	Flag of Germany	|	State Flag of Germany
 * Red	|	Flag of Germany	|	State Flag of Germany
 * White	|	Flag of Germany	|	State Flag of Germany
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Germany	|	State Flag of Germany
 * Black	|	Flag of Ghana	|
 * Green	|	Flag of Ghana	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Ghana	|
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Ghana	|
 * Black	|	Flag of Ghana	|	Civil Ensign of Ghana
 * Green	|	Flag of Ghana	|	Civil Ensign of Ghana
 * Red	|	Flag of Ghana	|	Civil Ensign of Ghana
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Ghana	|	Civil Ensign of Ghana
 * Green	|	Flag of Grenada	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Grenada	|
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Grenada	|
 * Green	|	Flag of Grenada	|	Civil and State Ensign of Grenada
 * Red	|	Flag of Grenada	|	Civil and State Ensign of Grenada
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Grenada	|	Civil and State Ensign of Grenada
 * Green	|	Flag of Grenada	|	Naval Ensign of Grenada
 * Red	|	Flag of Grenada	|	Naval Ensign of Grenada
 * White	|	Flag of Grenada	|	Naval Ensign of Grenada
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Grenada	|	Naval Ensign of Grenada
 * Black	|	Flag of Guatemala	|
 * Blue	|	Flag of Guatemala	|
 * Brown	|	Flag of Guatemala	|
 * Green	|	Flag of Guatemala	|
 * Orange	|	Flag of Guatemala	|
 * White	|	Flag of Guatemala	|
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Guatemala	|
 * Black	|	Flag of Guatemala	|	Civil Flag and Ensign of Guatemala
 * White	|	Flag of Guatemala	|	Civil Flag and Ensign of Guatemala
 * Black	|	Flag of Haiti	|
 * Blue	|	Flag of Haiti	|
 * Brown	|	Flag of Haiti	|
 * Green	|	Flag of Haiti	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Haiti	|
 * White	|	Flag of Haiti	|
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Haiti	|
 * Blue	|	Flag of Haiti	|	Civil Flag and Ensign of Haiti
 * Red	|	Flag of Haiti	|	Civil Flag and Ensign of Haiti
 * Green	|	Flag of Hungary	|
 * Red	|	Flag of Hungary	|
 * White	|	Flag of Hungary	|
 * Blue	|	Flag of Hungary	|	Naval Ensign of Hungary
 * Green	|	Flag of Hungary	|	Naval Ensign of Hungary
 * Red	|	Flag of Hungary	|	Naval Ensign of Hungary
 * White	|	Flag of Hungary	|	Naval Ensign of Hungary
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Hungary	|	Naval Ensign of Hungary
 * Blue	|	Flag of Hungary	|	State Flag of Hungary
 * Green	|	Flag of Hungary	|	State Flag of Hungary
 * Red	|	Flag of Hungary	|	State Flag of Hungary
 * White	|	Flag of Hungary	|	State Flag of Hungary
 * Yellow	|	Flag of Hungary	|	State Flag of Hungary
 * Red	|	Flag of New Zealand#Other flags of New Zealand	|	Air Force Ensign of New Zealand
 * White	|	Flag of New Zealand#Other flags of New Zealand	|	Air Force Ensign of New Zealand
 * Blue	|	Flag of New Zealand#Other flags of New Zealand	|	Civil Ensign of New Zealand
 * Red	|	Flag of New Zealand#Other flags of New Zealand	|	Civil Ensign of New Zealand
 * White	|	Flag of New Zealand#Other flags of New Zealand	|	Civil Ensign of New Zealand
 * Blue	|	Flag of New Zealand#Other flags of New Zealand	|	Naval Ensign of New Zealand
 * Red	|	Flag of New Zealand#Other flags of New Zealand	|	Naval Ensign of New Zealand
 * White	|	Flag of New Zealand#Other flags of New Zealand	|	Naval Ensign of New Zealand
 * Black	|	Flag of the Bahamas	|	Civil Ensign of the Bahamas
 * Blue	|	Flag of the Bahamas	|	Civil Ensign of the Bahamas
 * Red	|	Flag of the Bahamas	|	Civil Ensign of the Bahamas
 * White	|	Flag of the Bahamas	|	Civil Ensign of the Bahamas
 * Yellow	|	Flag of the Bahamas	|	Civil Ensign of the Bahamas
 * Black	|	Flag of the Bahamas	|	Naval Ensign of the Bahamas
 * Blue	|	Flag of the Bahamas	|	Naval Ensign of the Bahamas
 * Red	|	Flag of the Bahamas	|	Naval Ensign of the Bahamas
 * White	|	Flag of the Bahamas	|	Naval Ensign of the Bahamas
 * Yellow	|	Flag of the Bahamas	|	Naval Ensign of the Bahamas
 * Black	|	Flags and arms of cantons of Switzerland	|	Flag of Basel-Stadt
 * Black	|	Flags and arms of cantons of Switzerland	|	Flag of Fribourg
 * Black	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Air Force Ensign of Egypt
 * Blue	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Air Force Ensign of Egypt
 * Red	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Air Force Ensign of Egypt
 * White	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Air Force Ensign of Egypt
 * Yellow	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Air Force Ensign of Egypt
 * Black	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Army Flag of Egypt
 * Red	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Army Flag of Egypt
 * White	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Army Flag of Egypt
 * Yellow	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Army Flag of Egypt
 * Black	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Naval Ensign of Egypt
 * Blue	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Naval Ensign of Egypt
 * Red	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Naval Ensign of Egypt
 * White	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Naval Ensign of Egypt
 * Yellow	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Naval Ensign of Egypt
 * Black	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Naval Jack of Egypt
 * Red	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Naval Jack of Egypt
 * White	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Naval Jack of Egypt
 * Yellow	|	Flags of the Egyptian Armed Forces	|	Naval Jack of Egypt
 * Black	|	List of Belgian flags	|	Air Force Ensign of Belgium
 * Blue	|	List of Belgian flags	|	Air Force Ensign of Belgium
 * Red	|	List of Belgian flags	|	Air Force Ensign of Belgium
 * Yellow	|	List of Belgian flags	|	Air Force Ensign of Belgium
 * Black	|	List of Belgian flags	|	Army Flag of Belgium
 * Red	|	List of Belgian flags	|	Army Flag of Belgium
 * White	|	List of Belgian flags	|	Army Flag of Belgium
 * Yellow	|	List of Belgian flags	|	Army Flag of Belgium
 * Black	|	List of Belgian flags	|	Royal Standard of Belgium
 * Maroon	|	List of Belgian flags	|	Royal Standard of Belgium
 * Yellow	|	List of Belgian flags	|	Royal Standard of Belgium
 * Blue	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Canadian Air Forces Command
 * Red	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Canadian Air Forces Command
 * White	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Canadian Air Forces Command
 * Black	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Canadian Land Forces Command
 * Red	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Canadian Land Forces Command
 * White	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Canadian Land Forces Command
 * Yellow	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Canadian Land Forces Command
 * Black	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Joint Forces of Canada
 * Blue	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Joint Forces of Canada
 * Green	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Joint Forces of Canada
 * Maroon	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Joint Forces of Canada
 * Red	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Joint Forces of Canada
 * Yellow	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Joint Forces of Canada
 * Black	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Navy Board of Canada
 * Blue	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Navy Board of Canada
 * Maroon	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Navy Board of Canada
 * Yellow	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Navy Board of Canada
 * Black	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Navy League Cadets of Canada
 * Blue	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Navy League Cadets of Canada
 * Red	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Navy League Cadets of Canada
 * White	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Navy League Cadets of Canada
 * Yellow	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Navy League Cadets of Canada
 * Blue	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Navy League of Canada
 * Red	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Navy League of Canada
 * White	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Navy League of Canada
 * Black	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets
 * Blue	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets
 * Maroon	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets
 * Red	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets
 * White	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets
 * Yellow	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Flag of the Royal Canadian Sea Cadets
 * Blue	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Naval Jack of Canada
 * Red	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Naval Jack of Canada
 * White	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Naval Jack of Canada
 * Yellow	|	List of Canadian flags	|	Naval Jack of Canada
 * Blue	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Air Force Flag of the People's Republic of China
 * Red	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Air Force Flag of the People's Republic of China
 * Yellow	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Air Force Flag of the People's Republic of China
 * Blue	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Army Flag of the Republic of China
 * Red	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Army Flag of the Republic of China
 * White	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Army Flag of the Republic of China
 * Blue	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Civil Ensign of the Republic of China
 * Red	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Civil Ensign of the Republic of China
 * White	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Civil Ensign of the Republic of China
 * Yellow	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Civil Ensign of the Republic of China
 * Green	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Flag of the Ground Forces of the People's Republic of China
 * Red	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Flag of the Ground Forces of the People's Republic of China
 * Yellow	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Flag of the Ground Forces of the People's Republic of China
 * Red	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Flag of the People's Liberation Forces of the People's Republic of China
 * Yellow	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Flag of the People's Liberation Forces of the People's Republic of China
 * Blue	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Naval Ensign of the People's Republic of China
 * Red	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Naval Ensign of the People's Republic of China
 * White	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Naval Ensign of the People's Republic of China
 * Yellow	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Naval Ensign of the People's Republic of China
 * Blue	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Naval Jack of the Republic of China
 * White	|	List of Chinese flags	|	Naval Jack of the Republic of China
 * Blue	|	List of Greek flags#Military flags	|	Air Force Ensign of Greece
 * White	|	List of Greek flags#Military flags	|	Air Force Ensign of Greece
 * Blue	|	List of Greek flags#Military flags	|	Naval Jack of Greece
 * White	|	List of Greek flags#Military flags	|	Naval Jack of Greece
 * Red	|	United States Bureau of Fisheries	|	Flag of the United States Bureau of Fisheries
 * White	|	United States Bureau of Fisheries	|	Flag of the United States Bureau of Fisheries
 * Blue	|	United States Bureau of Fisheries	|	Flag of the United States Bureau of Fisheries (in use 1903–1940)
 * Blue	|	United States Bureau of Fisheries	|	Flag of the United States Commissioner of Fisheres (in use 1903–1940)
 * White	|	White flag	|
 * White	|	White flag	|	Flag of surrender

--Nø (talk) 08:46, 11 April 2022 (UTC)

As a table?
Would it be more useful to represent this data as a sortable table? The columns would be Apart from the first two columns, each column would simply contain an "X". Sorting on the column "Green" (say), all the flags with green would be collected at the top or bottom of the table. (The terms Sable, Tenné etc. might be includied in the column headings.) Nø (talk) 11:42, 9 January 2024 (UTC)
 * Flag (graphics)
 * Name (text/link)
 * Black
 * Brown
 * Blue
 * Gold/Yellow
 * Green
 * Maroon
 * Orange
 * Pink
 * Purple/Lilac
 * Red/Magenta
 * White
 * Gray

Gay and Lesbian flags
Hi all,

I'm considering adding the gay and lesbian flags in addition to the bisexual/pansexual/asexual flags. There is a lot of controversy due to the number, but I feel that adding the 8-bar pride (LGBT pride) 6-stripe Rainbow flag (LGBT), 2017 progress pride (maybe), and either the orange stripe or pink stripe (possibly both?) lesbian flags would be a useful addition Lesbian flags. There are a lot, so I don't want to make this edit without someone else weighing in, I don't want to fill up the page too much.

Starcores (talk) Starcores (talk) 21:24, 22 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of flags by color


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User:Valen1260~enwiki

A humble step forward...
I don't believe in freeloading. I abhor it, actually. So, to justify using OSS and projects like Wikipedia, I am compelled to contribute.

background
I am a graduate of Transylvania University, having majored in Computer Science. I chose computers because I love new technology to the point of addiction, and because I was born with The Knack.

I presently live with my wife in Lexington, Kentucky. We hope to soon be the proud owners of a Pug and/or a house. (I'd be happy with just the Pug.)

blogger
I like to express myself in writing, though the blog lifestyle requires a little more devotion than I can express. Add my characteristic long-windedness and fondness for linking, and you get quite a web of words.

gamer
I enjoy Video games, specifically RPGs and fighters. I'm also a traditional pen and paper RPGamer, having played Dungeons & Dragons and currently running a d20 Modern campaign.

the boob toob
I am a fan of Science fiction, with my favorite show of all time being Babylon 5. The works of JMS, in general, are usually top-notch, as I also greatly enjoy Rising Stars. I also enjoy the works of Joss Whedon, particularly his Buffyverse and Firefly. For the record, Deep Space Nine is the best of the Star Trek series.

I also enjoy cartoons, with Cartoon Network's Adult Swim and Mainframe's ReBoot being at the top of my long list.

Another must-have is Freaks and Geeks.

other stuff
I have been into darkroom photography for well over a decade, and videography for nearly as long. The power to produce images or film is truly amazing.

title: User:Valen1260~enwiki


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User:Redjar/Maps

Mapping Terminology

 * Aerial photography
 * Atlas
 * Cartography
 * Contour line
 * Datum
 * Digital elevation model
 * Digital Line Graph (DLG)
 * Digital Orthophoto Quadrangle (DOQ)
 * Digital Raster Graphic (DRG)
 * FIPS place code
 * FIPS state code
 * Geographic coordinate system
 * Geographic information system (GIS)
 * Geography
 * Geologic map
 * GeoTIFF
 * GIS file formats
 * GRASS GIS
 * Latitude
 * Longitude
 * Map projection
 * Map
 * MrSID
 * National Wetlands Inventory (NWI)
 * orthophoto
 * Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS)
 * Topographic map
 * Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (TIGER)
 * U.S. postal abbreviations
 * United States Geological Survey (USGS)
 * Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)

GPS Related

 * Geocaching
 * Global Positioning System (GPS)
 * GPS eXchange Format (GPX)
 * Waypoint

Mapping / GIS Software

 * Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc. (ESRI)

Mapping/GIS Resources

 * Geographic references
 * WikiProject Maps/Source materials

title: User:Redjar/Maps


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Picket Fences

Picket Fences is an American family drama television series about the residents of the town of Rome, Wisconsin, created and produced by David E. Kelley. The show ran from September 18, 1992, to June 26, 1996, on the CBS television network in the United States. It sometimes struggled to maintain a stable primetime audience and had fluctuating ratings, due in part to its Friday night death slot. In its first season on the air it placed 63rd in the prime-time Nielsen ratings and in its second season it moved to 61st. Nonetheless, the show won critical acclaim and was a major awards winner, winning 14 Primetime Emmy Awards during its run and now regarded as a cult classic. The show's exteriors were shot in the L.A. suburb of Monrovia, California.

Episodes
Picket Fences has a total of 88 episodes and four seasons.

Crossovers
The series has two crossover episodes with another David E. Kelley series, Chicago Hope, one occurring in each series. In the first, on Picket Fences, Dr. Jill Brock accompanies Douglas Wambaugh to Chicago Hope Hospital over concerns of his heart. In the second, Wambaugh is back at Chicago Hope Hospital causing trouble for the doctors. Lauren Holly later joined the cast of Chicago Hope as Dr. Jeremy Hanlon and Tom Skerritt appear in a different role as a guest star.

David E. Kelley and Chris Carter (creator of The X-Files) were talking in a parking lot on the Fox lot one day and thought it might be interesting to have Mulder and Scully visit Rome, Wisconsin for an X-Files episode. Originally, the two shows would be shot with different viewpoints – one from the X-Files perspective and the other from Picket Fences'. The official approval was never given by Fox and CBS, so the only remnants remaining of this effort are the X-Files episode "Red Museum" and the Picket Fences episode "Away in the Manger" having similar plotlines involving cows. Every reference to Picket Fences has been purged from the X-Files episode, but there still are some small details left in the Picket Fences episode referring to the happenings at The X-Files and some minor characters there.

Adaptation
The series was adapted in India in Hindi language and aired on StarPlus as Kehta Hai Dil from 2002 to 2005 produced by UTV Software Communications. However, the Indian version in between deviated entirely from the story of Picket Fences.

Home media
On June 19, 2007, 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment released the first season of Picket Fences on DVD in Region 1. In the United States, the entire series was available to stream on Hulu from Thanksgiving 2021 to Thanksgiving 2023. On August 20, 2014, Season 1 was released in Australia. Season 2 was released in Australia in December 2014. Season 3 was released in Australia in March 2016.

Awards and nominations
Picket Fences won fourteen Emmy Awards (including "Outstanding Drama Series" twice) and one Golden Globe Award in its four-year run. In 1997, the episode "Heart of Saturday Night" was ranked #96 on TV Guide's 100 Greatest Episodes of All-Time. In 2002, the character of Douglas Wambaugh was ranked 47th on TV Guide's 50 Greatest Television Characters of All Time list.

title: Picket Fences


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Bulfinch

Bulfinch is an Irish American surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 * Charles Bulfinch (1763–1830), American architect
 * Thomas Bulfinch (1796–1867), American writer best known as author of Bulfinch's Mythology

title: Bulfinch


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Andy Murray (ice hockey)

Andy Murray (born March 3, 1951) is the former head coach for the Western Michigan Broncos men's ice hockey team of the NCAA Division I National Collegiate Hockey Conference (NCHC). He is a former head coach of the Los Angeles Kings and the St. Louis Blues in the National Hockey League.

Murray has 20 years of NHL experience as an assistant or head coach. He has also coached at the junior, high school, and college levels, as well as in the North American minor leagues and European professional leagues. He was inducted into the IIHF Hall of Fame in 2012.

Early life and career
Andy Murray's family had an auto dealership in Souris, Manitoba that was started by Murray's grandfather. Once Murray was old enough, he began to work there. In 1976, when Murray was 25 years old, his uncle hired him to be the coach of the Brandon Travellers after a brawl. Three years later, he got the head-coaching job at Brandon University in Manitoba while still working at the dealership during the day. In 1981, his father died the day after a victory that qualified Brandon for a National tournament. After that season, he needed to get away, and took a coaching job in Switzerland. In 1988, he went to the United States to be the assistant coach for the Hershey Bears of the American Hockey League. That year, the Bears won the AHL championship and the Calder Cup, and he was promoted as an assistant coach of the Philadelphia Flyers under head coach Paul Holmgren. He spent two years there before joining as an assistant coach with the Minnesota North Stars under head coach Bob Gainey, where the team made it to the 1991 Stanley Cup Finals. In 1992, he went back to Switzerland to coach for Lugano. Two months later, he quit because of a fan revolt and is replaced by former head coach John Sletvoll. After that, he took a job in Germany before returning to assistant coaching with the Winnipeg Jets under John Paddock, where he stayed until 1995. Murray was named the coach of the Canadian National Hockey Team in 1996, a post he held until 1998. He served as head coach at Shattuck-St. Mary's School for the 1998–99 season.

NHL coaching career
On June 14, 1999, Andy was named to replace Larry Robinson as the new head coach of the Los Angeles Kings, where he stayed for seven seasons. By the end of his tenure, he was the all-time franchise leader in wins (215) and games coached (480).

His best success came in 2001, when the Kings forced the Colorado Avalanche to a seven-game series in the Western Conference Semifinals. The Kings forced the seventh game after previously being down three games to one. He garnered a lot of media attention after publicly stating that anyone on his team that wasn't going to give 100% was not to travel with team back to Colorado for game five of the series. The Kings responded, winning game five, 1–0. They made Murray proud once again in game six, when Glen Murray scored in the second overtime to win the game for the Kings, 1–0.

On March 21, 2006, Murray was fired by the Kings and was replaced on an interim basis by John Torchetti. At the time of Murray's dismissal, the Kings had posted a 37–28–5 record. He provided colour commentary for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation during their Hockey Night in Canada telecasts of the 2006 Stanley Cup playoffs.

On December 11, 2006, the St. Louis Blues hired Murray to replace Mike Kitchen as head coach after a seven-game losing streak. He coached the Blues to a record of 33–36–13 in his first full season as coach in 2007–2008. On April 10, 2009, Murray coached the Blues from a 15th place showing in the Western Conference at the All-Star Break to a 25–9–7 record down the stretch to clinching the sixth playoff spot, marking the team's first Stanley Cup playoffs appearance since the 2004–05 lockout. Murray's Blues took on the Vancouver Canucks in the opening round of the 2009 Stanley Cup Playoffs and were swept. Murray was named a finalist for the Jack Adams Award for coach of the year during the off-season but lost to Claude Julien of the Boston Bruins.

On January 2, 2010, Murray was fired as Blues coach with a 17–17–4 record. He was replaced with Davis Payne, the head coach of the Blues AHL affiliate Peoria Rivermen.

International coaching career
He coached Canada to three gold medals at the IIHF World Championships in 1997, 2003 and 2007. He was the first coach in IIHF World Championship history to win three championships. In the 2010 World Championships, he acted as a consultant to the Swiss team.

Murray served as associate coach for Team Canada under Marc Crawford at the 1998 Olympics in Nagano, Japan – the first Olympics to feature current NHL players. Murray, who was in his third year as head coach of the Canadian National Team, was hired in part for his experience with the international rink, a larger playing surface. The Canadians concluded the tournament with a loss to Finland in the bronze medal game.

Murray has a record six gold medals as a coach for Canada at the Spengler Cup tournament in Davos, Switzerland, earning the title "Mister Spengler Cup". He headed Team Canada six times – 1984, 1986, 1987, 1992, 1995,1997 – and won the cup each time.

In 2012, Murray was inducted into the builder category of the IIHF Hall of Fame.

Collegiate coaching career
On July 25, 2011, Murray was announced as the head coach of the Western Michigan Broncos. Murray replaced Jeff Blashill, who left WMU after one season to join the NHL's Detroit Red Wings as an assistant coach.

Murray had no prior experience coaching college hockey in the United States, although he did spend several seasons as head coach in the late 1970s at Brandon University in Manitoba, Canada. Murray stated at his introductory press conference that coaching college hockey was on his bucket list, and that he loved the college atmosphere and college sports. Murray signed a five-year, $1.5 million contract. Other known finalists for the position included Ron Rolston, a veteran assistant coach of several college and minor league programs, and former WMU player and incumbent WMU assistant coach Pat Ferschweiler. Ferschweiler was retained by Murray and elevated to the position of associate head coach in 2013.

In his first season with WMU (2011–12), the Broncos went 21–14–6, good enough for second-place in the CCHA regular season standings. The team went on to claim the 2012 CCHA men's ice hockey tournament championship with a 3–2 victory over Michigan in the championship game. It was the second CCHA championship for the Broncos, the first coming in 1986. The Broncos then participated in the 2012 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament for the fifth time overall, and second year in a row. The fourth seeded Broncos fell in the first round to WCHA champion and number one seed North Dakota by a score of 3–1.

In Murray's second season (2012–13), WMU finished 19–11–8, good for third place in the season-ending CCHA standings. After earning a first round bye in the CCHA tournament, the Broncos fell in the second round to the lower-seeded Michigan, ending their season. The CCHA disbanded following the season as a result of conference realignment stemming from the start of sponsored hockey in the Big Ten Conference.

In his third season at WMU (2013–14), Murray's Broncos finished 19–16–5, including conference play in their new home with the National Collegiate Hockey Conference, a startup of former CCHA and WCHA programs. In December, WMU won the Great Lakes Invitational, a four team tournament held outdoors at Comerica Park in Detroit, Michigan. The Broncos prevailed over runner-up Michigan Tech in the final for the championship, as well as outpacing third-place Michigan State and fourth-place Michigan. It was the second GLI championship for the Broncos, who also won in 1986. Western finished the season in a tie for 4th place in the inaugural NCHC league standings, considerably higher than pre-season polls had predicted for the newer, stronger conference.

Personal life
Andy and his wife, Ruth, have three children (all hockey players): sons Brady Murray and Jordan Murray, and daughter Sarah Murray. Brady played college hockey at North Dakota and was a fifth round draft pick of the Los Angeles Kings in 2003 while his father was head coach. Jordan Murray played college hockey at Wisconsin and daughter Sarah Murray played college hockey for the Minnesota Duluth Bulldogs women's ice hockey program. All three of the Murray children hold US–Canadian dual citizenship and played professional hockey in Switzerland.

Murray is a former co-owner of the Salmon Arm Silverbacks of the British Columbia Junior Hockey League. He sold his stake in the team in 2007.

Andy Murray is a distant cousin to former NHL veteran center Marty Murray.

In 2017 he was conferred with an honorary Doctor of Laws (honoris causa) from Brandon University.

title: Andy Murray (ice hockey)


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Racloir

In archaeology, a racloir, also known as racloirs sur talon (French for scraper on heel), is a certain type of flint tool made by prehistoric peoples. It is a type of side scraper distinctive of Mousterian assemblages. It is created from a flint flake and looks like a large scraper. As well as being used for scraping hides and bark, it may also have been used as a knife. Racloirs are most associated with the Neanderthal Mousterian industry. These racloirs are retouched along the ridge between the striking platform and the dorsal face. They have shaped edges and are modified by abrupt flaking from the dorsal face.

title: Racloir


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Legislative Assembly of Ontario

The Legislative Assembly of Ontario (OLA; Assemblée législative de l'Ontario) is the legislative chamber of the Canadian province of Ontario. Its elected members are known as Members of Provincial Parliament (MPPs). Bills passed by the Legislative Assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Ontario to become law. Together, the Legislative Assembly and Lieutenant Governor make up the unicameral Legislature of Ontario. The assembly meets at the Ontario Legislative Building at Queen's Park in the provincial capital of Toronto.

Ontario uses a Westminster-style parliamentary government in which members are elected to the Legislative Assembly through general elections using a "first-past-the-post" system. The premier of Ontario (the province's head of government) holds office by virtue of their ability to command the confidence of the Legislative Assembly, typically sitting as an MPP themselves and lead the largest party or a coalition in the Legislative Assembly. The largest party not forming the government is known as the Official Opposition, its leader being recognized as leader of the Opposition.

The Ontario Legislature is sometimes referred to as the "Ontario Provincial Parliament". Members of the assembly refer to themselves as "Members of the Provincial Parliament" MPPs as opposed to "Members of the Legislative Assembly" (MLAs) as in many other provinces. Ontario is the only province to do so, in accordance with a resolution passed in the Assembly on April 7, 1938. However, the Legislative Assembly Act refers only to "members of the Assembly". The Legislative Assembly is the second largest Canadian provincial deliberative assembly by number of members after the National Assembly of Quebec.

The current assembly was elected on June 2, 2022, as part of the 43rd Parliament of Ontario.

Owing to the location of the Legislative Building on the grounds of Queen's Park, the metonym "Queen's Park" is often used to refer to both the provincial government and the Legislative Assembly.

Lawmaking
In accordance with the traditions of the Westminster system, most laws originate in the provincial cabinet (government bills) and are passed by the legislature after multiple rounds of debate and decision-making. Backbench legislators may introduce private legislation (private-member bills) or amend bills presented to the legislature by cabinet, playing an integral role in scrutinizing bills both at the debate as well as committee stages.

In the Ontario legislature, this confrontation provides much of the material for Oral Questions and Members' Statements. Legislative scrutiny of the executive is also at the heart of much of the work carried out by the Legislature's Standing Committees, which are made up of ordinary backbenchers.

A member's day will typically be divided among participating in the business of the House, attending caucus and committee meetings, speaking in various debates, or returning to his or her constituency to address the concerns, problems and grievances of constituents. Depending on personal inclination and political circumstances, some Members concentrate most of their attention on House matters while others focus on constituency problems, taking on something of an ombudsman's role in the process.

Finally, it is the task of the legislature to provide the personnel of the executive. As already noted, under responsible government, ministers of the Crown are expected to be Members of the Assembly. When a political party comes to power it will usually place its more experienced parliamentarians into the key cabinet positions, where their parliamentary experience may be the best preparation for the rough and tumble of political life in government.

History

The Legislative Assembly was established by the British North America Act, 1867 (later re-titled Constitution Act, 1867), which dissolved the Province of Canada into two new provinces, with the portion then called Canada West becoming Ontario.

As such, the 1st Parliament of Ontario was one of the three legislative bodies succeeding the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada's 8th Parliament.

The first election in 1867 produced a tie between Conservatives led by John Sandfield Macdonald and the Liberals led by Archibald McKellar. Macdonald led a coalition government with the support of moderate Liberals. John Stevenson served as the first speaker for the assembly. Its first session ran from September 3, 1867, until February 25, 1871, just prior to the 1871 general election.

The Legislature has been unicameral since its inception, with the Assembly currently having 124 seats (increased from 107 as of the 42nd Ontario general election) representing electoral districts ("ridings") elected through a first-past-the-post electoral system across the province.

In 1938, the title of Member of the Legislative Assembly was officially changed to Member of Provincial Parliament. Previously, multiple terms were unofficially used in the media and in the Legislature.

Ontario uses the same boundaries as those at the federal level for its Legislative Assembly in Southern Ontario, while seats in Northern Ontario correspond to the federal districts that were in place before the 2004 adjustment. Ontario had separate provincial electoral districts prior to 1999.

Timeline of the 43rd Parliament of Ontario
The following notable events occurred during the 2022–present period:

 * August 8, 2022: The 43rd Parliament of Ontario begins its first session. Ted Arnott, MPP for Wellington—Halton Hills, is re-elected as the speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario defeating a challenge by fellow PC MPP Nina Tangri, who had been endorsed by Premier Doug Ford.
 * August 9, 2022: Lieutenant Governor Elizabeth Dowdeswell delivers the speech from the throne.
 * August 15, 2022: Andrea Horwath, former leader of the Ontario NDP, resigns her seat as MPP for Hamilton Centre in order to pursue a bid to become the mayor of Hamilton, Ontario during the 2022 municipal election.
 * February 4, 2023: Marit Stiles is declared leader of the New Democratic Party in the leadership election by acclamation.
 * March 10, 2023: Vincent Ke, MPP for Don Valley North, resigns from the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario caucus after allegations surface of Chinese government election interference. He will now sit as an Independent.
 * March 16, 2023: Sarah Jama, an Ontario NDP candidate, wins the by-election held in Hamilton Centre to replace former Ontario NDP leader Andrea Horwath, who had resigned her seat the previous summer to successfully run for Hamilton's mayorship.
 * March 24, 2023: Merrilee Fullerton, MPP for Kanata—Carleton and Minister of Children, Community and Social Services resigns her seat for undisclosed reasons.
 * March 31, 2023: Algoma—Manitoulin MPP Michael Mantha removed from NDP Caucus over “misconduct” allegations.
 * May 10, 2023: Scarborough—Guildwood MPP Mitzie Hunter resigns her seat in order to pursue a bid to become the mayor of Toronto during the 2023 by-election.
 * December 1, 2023: Kitchener Centre elects Ontario Green candidate, Aislinn Clancy. Thus doubling Green representation in the Legislature.

Media
Regular Legislative Assembly proceedings are broadcast to subscribers of the Ontario Parliament Network in Ontario. A late-night rebroadcast of Question Period is also occasionally aired on TVO, the provincial public broadcaster.

Officers
The Legislative Assembly of Ontario, like the federal House of Commons, also includes procedural officers who administer the business of the legislature and impartially assist the Speaker and MPPs with their duties. These officers collectively make up the Office of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. The Office of the Assembly consists of the Speaker and Deputy Speaker as well as the Clerk of the Legislative Assembly, Sergeant-at-Arms, executive director of Administrative Services, and executive director of Legislative Library, Research and Information Services. The Clerk of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario is the chief permanent officer of the Legislative Assembly, with the rank and status of a Deputy Minister, responsible for administering the legislature and advising MPPs on questions of procedure or interpretation of the rules and practices of the House. The Sergeant-at-Arms keeps order during meetings in the legislature, is charged with control of the ceremonial mace in the legislature, and is responsible for security in the House and the Legislative Precinct.

Independent offices protecting certain public interests
Additional officers of the Legislative Assembly were created to protect certain public interests, these officers are appointed by unanimous votes of the legislature and report to the legislature through the Speaker rather than to the provincial government. These officers include the Auditor General, Information and Privacy Commissioner, Integrity Commissioner, Chief Electoral Officer, Ontario Ombudsman, and Poet Laureate of Ontario.

Coat of arms
The Legislative Assembly of Ontario is the first and only legislature in Canada to have a coat of arms separate from the provincial arms. Green and gold are the principal colours, as in the coat of arms of Ontario. A mace is the traditional symbol of the authority of the Speaker. Shown on the left is the current mace, while on the right is the original mace from the time of the first parliament in 1792. The crossed maces are joined by the shield of arms of Ontario.

The coronet on the wreath represents national and provincial loyalties, while its rim is studded with the provincial gemstone, the amethyst. The griffin, an ancient symbol of justice and equity, holds a calumet, which symbolizes the meeting of spirit and discussion that Ontario's First Nations believe accompanies the use of the pipe.

The deer represent the natural riches of the province. The Loyalist coronets at their necks honour the original British settlers in Ontario who brought with them the British parliamentary form of government. The royal crowns (left 1992, right 1792) recognize the parliamentary bicentennial and represent Ontario's heritage as a constitutional monarchy. They were granted as a special honour by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II on the recommendation of the Governor General.

In the base, the maple leaves are for Canada, the trilliums for Ontario and the roses for York (now Toronto), the provincial capital.

Mace
The ceremonial mace of the Legislature is the fourth mace to be used in Upper Canada or Ontario. It acts as a symbol, representing the authority of the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario to oversee the proceedings of the assembly.

The first mace was used by the Chamber of Upper Canada's first Parliament in 1792 at Newark (now Niagara-on-the-Lake) and then moved to York (now Toronto). The primitive wooden mace was painted red and gilt, and surmounted by a crown of thin brass strips. It was stolen by American troops as a Prize of War in 1813 at the Battle of York during the War of 1812. The mace was subsequently stored at the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. It remained in the United States until 1934, when it was returned to Ontario after President Franklin Roosevelt sent an order to Congress to return the mace. It was initially kept at the Royal Ontario Museum for a time, and it is now located in the Main Lobby of the Ontario Legislative Building.

A second mace was introduced in 1813 and used until 1841.

The third mace was not purchased until 1845. In 1849, it was stolen by a riotous mob in Montreal, apparently intent upon destroying it in a public demonstration. However, it was rescued and returned to the Speaker, Sir Allan Macnab, the next day. Later, in 1854, the mace was twice rescued when the Parliament Buildings in Quebec were ravaged by fire. The mace continued to be used by the Union Parliament in Toronto and Quebec until Confederation in 1867, when it was taken to the Parliament of Canada in Ottawa, where it remained in the House of Commons until 1916. When the Parliament Buildings were gutted by fire during that year, the mace could not be saved from Centre Block. All that remained was a tiny ball of silver and gold conglomerate.

The current mace used in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario was acquired in 1867, after Confederation. It was provided by Charles E. Zollikofer of Ottawa for $200. The four-foot mace is made of copper and richly gilded, a flattened ball at the butt end. Initially, the head of the mace bore the crown of Queen Victoria and in a cup with her royal cypher, V.R. When she was succeeded by Edward VII in 1901, her crown and cup were removed and a new one bearing Edward's cypher on the cup was installed. Eventually, it was replaced with the current cup, which is adorned in gleaming brass leaves.

Through some careful detective work on the part of Legislative Assembly staff, the original cup with Queen Victoria's cypher was recently found in the Royal Ontario Museum’s collection and returned to the Legislature. It is now on display in the Ontario Legislative Building.

In 2009, two diamonds were installed in the mace. The diamonds were a gift to the people of Ontario from De Beers Canada to mark the opening of the Victor Mine near Attawapiskat in northern Ontario. Three diamonds were selected from the first run of the mine. Two stones, one rough and one polished, were set in platinum in the crown of the mace while the third stone, also polished, was put on exhibit in the lobby of the Legislative Building as part of a display about the history of the mace.

Party standings
Elections to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario occurred on June 2, 2022, as a result of which the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario, led by Doug Ford, was re-elected as His Majesty's Government of Ontario.

Seating plan
The seating chamber is similar in layout to that of the British House of Commons and the original St. Stephen's Chapel in the Palace of Westminster. The Parliament of Ontario, however, may be easily distinguished from this model by its use of individual chairs and tables for members, absent in the British Commons' design.

The legislature's former host building and site, home to the Upper Canada and Union Houses, once boasted of a similar layout.

Last update: February 20, 2024

''Note: Bold text designates the party leader. ''

Speaker

 * Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario: Ted Arnott (Progressive Conservative)
 * Deputy Speaker (Government): Donna Skelly (Progressive Conservative)
 * Deputy Speakers (Mixed-Party): Bhutila Karpoche (New Democratic), Patrice Barnes (Progressive Conservative), Lucille Collard (Liberal)

Leaders

 * Premier of Ontario: Doug Ford (Progressive Conservative)
 * Leader of the Opposition: Marit Stiles (New Democratic)
 * Leader of the Liberal Party: Bonnie Crombie
 * Leader of the Green Party: Mike Schreiner

Floor leaders

 * Government House Leader: Paul Calandra (Progressive Conservative)
 * Opposition House Leader: John Vanthof (NDP)

Whips

 * Chief Government Whip: Ross Romano (Progressive Conservative)
 * Official Opposition Whip: Peggy Sattler (NDP)

Front benches

 * Executive Council of Ontario
 * Official Opposition Shadow Cabinet of the 43rd Legislative Assembly of Ontario

Committees
There are two forms that committees can take. The first, standing committees, are struck for the duration of the Parliament pursuant to Standing Orders. The second, select committees, are struck usually by a Motion or an Order of the House to consider a specific bill or issue which would otherwise monopolize the time of the standing committees.

Standing committees
"A committee which exists for the duration of a parliamentary session. This committee examines and reports on the general conduct of activities by government departments and agencies and reports on matters referred to it by the house, including proposed legislation."

Standing Committees in the current Parliament

 * Standing Committee on Finance and Economic Affairs
 * Standing Committee on Government Agencies
 * Standing Committee on Heritage, Infrastructure and Cultural Policy
 * Standing Committee on the Interior

 * Standing Committee on Justice Policy
 * Standing Committee on Procedure and House Affairs
 * Standing Committee on Public Accounts
 * Standing Committee on Social Policy

Select committees
"Select committees are set up specifically to study certain bills or issues and according to the Standing Orders, consists of not more than 11 members from all parties with representation reflecting the current standing in the house. In some cases, the committee must examine material by a specific date and then report its conclusion to the legislature. After its final report, the committee is dissolved."

Select Committees in the 39th Parliament

 * The Select Committee on Elections completed its work on June 30, 2009.
 * The Select Committee on Mental Health and Addictions completed its work on August 26, 2010.
 * The Select Committee on the proposed transaction of the TMX Group and the London Stock Exchange Group completed its work on April 19, 2011.

title: Legislative Assembly of Ontario


text:
Tipler cylinder

A Tipler cylinder, also called a Tipler time machine, is a hypothetical object theorized to be a potential mode of time travel—although results have shown that a Tipler cylinder could only allow time travel if its length were infinite or with the existence of negative energy.

Discovery
The Tipler cylinder was discovered as a solution to the equations of general relativity by Willem Jacob van Stockum in 1936 and Kornel Lanczos in 1924, but not recognized as allowing closed timelike curves until an analysis by Frank Tipler in 1974. Tipler showed in his 1974 article "Rotating Cylinders and the Possibility of Global Causality Violation" that in a spacetime containing a "sufficiently large rotating cylinder" spinning around its axis, the cylinder should create a frame-dragging effect. This frame-dragging effect warps spacetime in such a way that the light cones of objects in the cylinder's proximity become tilted, so that part of the light cone then points backwards along the time axis on a spacetime diagram. Therefore, a spacecraft accelerating sufficiently in the appropriate direction can travel backwards through time along a closed timelike curve.

CTCs are associated, in Lorentzian manifolds which are interpreted physically as spacetimes, with the possibility of causal anomalies such as a person going back in time and potentially shooting their own grandfather, although paradoxes might be avoided using some constraint such as the Novikov self-consistency principle. They appear in some of the most important exact solutions in general relativity, including the Kerr vacuum (which models a rotating black hole) and the van Stockum dust (which models a cylindrically symmetrical configuration of rotating pressureless fluid or dust).

Practicality
An objection to the practicality of building a Tipler cylinder was discovered by Stephen Hawking, who argued that according to general relativity it is impossible to build a time machine in any finite region that satisfies the weak energy condition, meaning that the region contains no exotic matter with negative energy. The Tipler cylinder, on the other hand, does not involve any negative energy. Tipler's original solution involved a cylinder of infinite length, which is easier to analyze mathematically, and although Tipler suggested that a finite cylinder might produce closed timelike curves if the rotation rate were fast enough, he did not prove this. But Hawking comments: "it can't be done with positive energy density everywhere! I can prove that to build a finite time machine, you need negative energy." Hawking's argument appears in his 1992 paper on the chronology protection conjecture (though the argument is distinct from the conjecture itself, since the argument asserts that classical general relativity predicts a finite region containing closed timelike curves can only be created if there is a violation of the weak energy condition in that region, whereas the conjecture predicts that closed timelike curves will prove to be impossible in a future theory of quantum gravity which replaces general relativity). In the paper, he examines "the case that the causality violations appear in a finite region of spacetime without curvature singularities" and proves that "[t]here will be a Cauchy horizon that is compactly generated and that in general contains one or more closed null geodesics which will be incomplete. One can define geometrical quantities that measure the Lorentz boost and area increase on going round these closed null geodesics. If the causality violation developed from a noncompact initial surface, the averaged weak energy condition must be violated on the Cauchy horizon."

In fiction

 * Steins;Gate is a visual novel which mentions Tipler cylinders with the topic of time travel and John Titor.
 * John DeChancie's Starrigger series uses vertically-aligned Tipler cylinders (called Kerr–Tipler objects) to create spacetime gateways along an intergalactic highway.
 * Larry Niven's short story, "Rotating Cylinders and the Possibility of Global Causality Violation", borrows its title from Tipler's paper.
 * Poul Anderson includes it in his novel The Avatar.
 * Vernor Vinge in the novel Marooned in Realtime (although the object is described as being a naked black hole).
 * Kris Straub's Starslip comic includes a Tipler cylinder created as a work of art, which also causes time travel.
 * Ian Douglas has a Tipler cylinder created by aliens of unknown origin in Singularity, the third book of the Star Carrier series.
 * Star Trek Online uses a device by the same name which enables the player to reverse time several (up to 7~13 secs.) seconds within a localised field. (The specificity of thirteen seconds of time reversal, along with the device having a beryllium core, are references to the science fiction comedy Galaxy Quest.)
 * In his Warstrider series of novels, William H. Keith uses a Tipler cylinder with a length-to-width ratio of 512 that allows travel to and from the core of the Milky Way galaxy.
 * In Terry Pratchett's Discworld series, the "procrastinators" used by the History Monks are considered to be a type of Tipler cylinder.
 * A Tipler cylinder is used as a plot device in Chuck Grossart's story "The Phoenix Descent".
 * Episode 9 of the webseries Ask Weathersby mentions the Tipler cylinder, discussing time travel.
 * In "The Miracle of Christmas", Episode 2.11 of the American TV series Timeless, a Tipler cylinder is mentioned as being added to an upgraded time machine.
 * In season 2 episode 14 of "Gabby Duran & the Unsittables - Zeke to the Future" a Tipler's Infinity Cylinder is mentioned as a possible time travel device.
 * SCP-2540: an entry on the collaborative fiction writing website, SCP Foundation (Wikidot site) describing the efforts of Foundation researchers trying to understand a 4D Tipler's cylinder that is perceived as an ordinary key lime (Citrus aurantiifolia).
 * Alan Becker's animation "Animation vs. Physics" features Tipler cylinders as a method of time travel.

title: Tipler cylinder


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Yang Weiping

Not notable. Andris 20:40, May 17, 2004 (UTC)
 * And, we vow to delete this vanity in the shortest possible time. - Lucky 6.9 20:52, 17 May 2004 (UTC)
 * Um...no. Delete.Beelzebubs 20:54, 17 May 2004 (UTC)
 * Vanity - Delete -- Cyrius|&#9998 21:09, May 17, 2004 (UTC)
 * Being a not especially important person, he has been nominated for deletion. May it be so. Isomorphic 03:18, 18 May 2004 (UTC)


text:
User:Netlad

I am the netlad

 * net /net/: short for network - lad /laed/: boy; young man

I am working at the computer science department at Berlin University of Technology. I have a broad interest in computer networks and distributed systems.

I joined Wikipedia on 15 May 2004. The articles I created since then include the following (ordered by category):

Computer Science

 * Distributed system
 * Heterogeneity
 * Mobile computing
 * Process control
 * Self-management
 * Autonomic Computing
 * Fault-tolerance
 * Self-stabilization
 * Dependability
 * Mobile code
 * Mobile agent
 * Code on demand
 * Remote evaluation

Music

 * Brit funk
 * Mark King (music)

Sports

 * Quadrathlon
 * Dave Scott
 * Mark Allen
 * Paula Newby-Fraser

title: User:Netlad


text:
Robert Wright (Maryland politician)

Robert Wright (November 20, 1752 – September 7, 1826) was an American politician and soldier who fought in the American Revolutionary War.

Early life
Wright was born at Narborough, near Chestertown, Maryland, and attended the Kent Free School (later Washington College) of Chestertown. He studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1773, and commenced practice in Chestertown.

Career
He served in the Maryland militia during the American Revolutionary War as private, lieutenant, and later as captain. After the war, he served as a member of the Maryland House of Delegates from 1784 to 1786, and as a member of the Maryland State Senate in 1801.

In 1800, Wright was elected as a Democratic Republican to the United States Senate on November 19, 1801, for the term commencing March 4, 1801. In the Senate, Wright served as delegate to the Farmers’ National Convention in 1803. He resigned from the Senate on November 12, 1806, having been elected the 12th Governor of Maryland, a position he served in from 1806 to 1809.

After his tenure as governor, Wright served as clerk of Queen Anne's County, Maryland, in 1810, and was elected to the Eleventh and Twelfth Congresses to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of John Brown. He was re-elected to the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Congresses and served from November 29, 1810, to March 3, 1817. He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1816 to the Fifteenth Congress, but was elected to the Seventeenth Congress, serving from March 4, 1821, to March 3, 1823. He was not a candidate for renomination in 1822.

In his later life, Wright served as district judge of the lower Eastern Shore district of Maryland from 1823 until his death.

Wright owned slaves.

Personal life
Wright was married to Sarah De Courcy. Together, they were the parents of:

 * William Henry De Courcy Wright (1795–1864), who married Eliza Lee (née Warner) Wright (1800–1864), the widow of Samuel Turbutt Wright, the 2nd Adjutant General of Maryland.

Wright died on September 7, 1826, at Blakeford in Queen Anne's County. He is interred in the private burying ground of the DeCourcy family at Cheston-on-Wye in Queen Anne's County.

title: Robert Wright (Maryland politician)


text:
User talk:Netlad

Talking to myself ;-) --Netlad 20:42, 17 May 2004 (UTC)

Welcome to Wikipedia! Your articles and edits are very helpful and appropriate; keep up the good work! Feel free to drop me a message at the "talk" link beside my name. --Merovingian ↕ T@Lk 20:43, May 17, 2004 (UTC)
 * Good, I'm glad you're happy here! --Merovingian ↕ T@Lk 21:00, May 17, 2004 (UTC)

Unreferenced BLPs
Hello Netlad! Thank you for your contributions. I am a bot alerting you that 1 of the articles that you created  is tagged as an Unreferenced Biography of a Living Person. Please note that all biographies of living persons must be sourced. If you were to add reliable, secondary sources to this article, it would greatly help us with the current Category:All_unreferenced_BLPs article backlog. Once the article is adequately referenced, please remove the unreferencedBLP tag. Here is the article:

Thanks!--DASHBot (talk) 20:35, 2 January 2010 (UTC)
 * 1) Mark Allen (triathlete) -

File:ClosedControlLoop.png listed for deletion
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:ClosedControlLoop.png, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. Kelly hi! 08:05, 6 March 2013 (UTC)

title: User talk:Netlad