text:
User talk:Decumanus/archive3

Archive 1-March 20, 2004 | Archive 2-May 31, 2004

Back Up For Adminship
Hello, just letting you know that I am back up for adminship. It is at the bottom under the self nominations section. ChrisDJackson

Me
Are you sure you had any experience with me? -- Tosha 21:09, 2 Jun 2004 (UTC)
 * Yes. -- Decumanus 21:31, 2 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Can you tell when (where)? -- Tosha 20:36, 3 Jun 2004 (UTC)
 * so? -- Tosha 16:07, 8 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * What does it matter? You haven't told me why you even want to know, just issued a demand, without even saying please. Anyway, it's in the past. I edited several differential geometry articles about curves, and also followed some of your interactions with others too after that. If you want to find out more, then look through my contributtions. You asked for comments about your adminship on that page, and I gave it. That's the risk you take. That's really all I care to say about it. The fact that you are badgering me about this just confirms my opinion. Anyone else might have said: "Gee, I'm sorry if there was a misunderstanding." Instead you challenged me about whether or not I actually had interaction with you! I am about the most forgiving person possibly, but that's not the way to win me over. If the community wants to make you an admin, then so be it. I'm not going to fight it or anything. It doesn't mean that much to me. You have Charles' support so you will probably make it eventually. If you persuade enough other people to support you, then more power to you, and congratulations. I simply gave my personal opinion, which is what you ask for, when you put yourself up for adminship. In any case, good luck. By the way I speak Russian (or at least I used to) and travelled widely in the Soviet Union and Russia. The first thing I've always learned is how to be polite to others, in any language. :) -- Decumanus 16:21, 8 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * Hey, I just was not sure we did meet, that's all (I was simply wondering what could make someone to express such strong oppinion). Now I see, indeed it was little fight on the curve with you and others, and let's close the case. (BTW I think finally we came to an appropriate formulation, wrt English and math). I do not ask (and did not) to change your oppinion mu "so", was just reminder I thought you simply did not mention my question...

Tosha 16:15, 10 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Little Missouri
Bah, good work overall. I was the first one to notice anyway. --Alexwcovington 02:00, 3 Jun 2004 (UTC)

typos
No problem. I'm amazed at your continuous output of high quality articles. Fixing a few typos is nothing, keep up the good work. Maximus Rex 03:50, 3 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Thanks for the nice message. I am stumbling around a bit here, but I'll eventually catch on. Arminius 23:21, 4 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Learning project
Hi there, since you use wikipedia in several languages I wanted to tell you about a project I have started about learning, up to now mainly vocabulary. It is describe and discussed on my user page. If you are interested please let me know there. Get-back-world-respect 19:37, 5 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Rivers
Great work in filling out pages for many of the rivers listed on List of Oregon rivers. I see you've been equally busy on river systems elsewhere. Keep up the excellent work. Sarge Baldy 07:02, Jun 8, 2004 (UTC)

Banacek
Yeah, that was a fun show. Sorry about not responding earlier -- or not at all to your Portland comment. I get messages so seldom I don't reflexively check for the "new messages" notice. --wwoods 07:06, 9 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Keep up the good work!
Great job on creating Sevier River and Paunsaugunt Plateau and expanding Great Basin! You might be interested in my nomination of  Bryce Canyon National Park for featured article status. Cheers! --mav 08:21, 16 Jun 2004 (UTC)

You amaze me
I've read several of your articles, which are extremely well done. Just wanted to let you know, I came across Stapleton, Staten Island, which I'm not sure if you finished. (the extra "The" after the last sentence) I decided to let you know as I wasn't sure if it was part of some grand plan or some such. Rhymeless 07:59, 21 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Hudson's Bay Company/Oregon History
I'm curious about why you added the Hudson's Bay Company to the Oregon history category, when that article doesn't mention anything about Oregon that I can see. Maybe you could add something to the HBC article about its role in Oregon history? Rosemary Amey 04:06, 23 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Phil Gingrey
Could you do me a favor and look over Phil Gingrey? I'd appreciate more eyes looking over it and coming to an NPOV version. Thanks, [[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]] 19:18, 24 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * Specifically, I'm not sure whether to include the Guantanamo stuff. See Talk:Phil Gingrey.  Thanks, [[User:Meelar|Meelar (talk)]] 19:30, 24 Jun 2004 (UTC)

Penutian Languages
Not sure where you are going with your edits to this article; do you mean to say that Penutian is not a language family, i.e. the languages contained therein have no genetic relationship? Most Wikipedia articles call groups of languages that share a genetic relationship a language family; groups of related languages within the family would be subfamilies. Language phylum is sometimes used as a synonym for language family, but language family is pretty standard, except with the Papuan languages, where phylum is more common (and many of the Papuan language phyla have debatable genetic linkages). Tom Radulovich 22:54, 1 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * I was following Ethnologue and Kroeber, which designate Penutian as a language family; Ethnologue is a fairly standard reference, although perhaps not a defininitive one; not sure who is definitive in this instance. I wasn't sure whether you are using phylum as a synonym for language family, as defined here on Wikipedia, or whether it had a different meaning.Tom Radulovich 23:27, 1 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Republic of Texas map
Cool, well worth the wait. Rick'''K 04:09, Jul 10, 2004 (UTC)

Copyrighted?
On the image page of the Republic of Texas image, at the bottom it says: Republic of Texas © 2004 Matthew Trump. Shouldn't you remove the copyright symbol if it's licensed under GFDL. Supercoop 20:46, 2004 Jul 23 (UTC)

Verrazano Narrows Bridge... hyphenated?
Although I don't live in New York, it seems that the name of this bridge really should be hyphenated. I read the discussion page, and it looks like the MTA website is inconsistent. The label on this map is hyphenated, but when you click on the map, the linked page is not. I added an external USGS link to the bottom of Verrazano Narrows Bridge which uses hyphenation. I'll put this on watch, so you can reply below. Mackerm 07:23, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)
 * The naming is quite inconsistent. You see it both ways in many contexts. -- Decumanus 12:15, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)

 * Would you object if I moved the page name to the hyphenated form? You seemed to strongly favor the non-hyphenated form at the discussion page, but then here it looks like you got persuaded the other way. BTW, I'm not so much interested in the bridge as in names of straits. Mackerm 13:37, 13 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Response
Before I change anything else, where are these standards published? I didn't see anything saying what the categories should look like. The Wikiprojects on categorization didn't appear to be working on the U.S.  --Thanks Mike 07:22, 15 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Owyhee River
Sorry about that. I'll try not be overzealous with significant digits.--Indefatigable 17:52, 25 Jul 2004 (UTC)

Journal/periodical/feed summaries
I thought you might be interested in this project: Wikisummaries. I think I will begin somewhere on en:, perhaps in my user space. +sj + 23:53, 3 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Kenneth Alan
Kenneth Alan came back last week. I blocked him for 24 hours for constantly reverting my reversions to his nonsense, and when he came back he directed some extremely obscene language at me so I blocked him for 48 hours. How can we get rid of this guy permanently? Mintguy (T) 16:29, 19 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Kenneth Alan's case it now in arbitration. See Requests for arbitration/Kenneth Alan. You may wish to add comment to Requests for arbitration/Kenneth Alan/Evidence Mintguy (T) 14:07, 22 Aug 2004 (UTC)

 * Reminder Mintguy (T)

 * That was a very lucid, well-written and accurate piece. Mintguy (T) 09:09, 27 Aug 2004 (UTC)

Bevo (mascot)
Did you find any photos of a more recent Bevo to use in Bevo (mascot) ? Thx! - [[User:Bevo|Bevo]] 20:22, 14 Sep 2004 (UTC)

Images
Hi Matthew, please could you let me know what licence you uploaded the following images under so they can be tagged. Image:Wpdms_ev26188_tristateregion_bluegreen.jpg, Image:Wpdms_idaho_territory_1863.png, Image:Wpdms_idaho_territory_1864.png, Image:Wpdms_idaho_territory_1864_legend.png, Image:Wpdms_napoleon_hill_2.jpg, Image:Wpdms_nasa_topo_bay_of_fundy.jpg, Image:Wpdms_nasa_topo_little_white_river.jpg, Image:Wpdms_new_mexico_territory_1850_idx.png, Image:Wpdms_new_mexico_territory_1853_idx.png, Image:Wpdms_new_mexico_territory_1861_legend_idx.png, Image:Wpdms_oregon_territory_1848.jpg, Image:Wpdms_oregon_territory_1859_detail.jpg, Image:Wpdms_prigogine.jpg, Image:Wpdms_shdrlfi020l_death_valley.jpg, Image:Wpdms_terra_northriver.jpg, Image:Wpdms_terra_thenarrows.jpg, Image:Wpdms_washington_idaho_territories_1863.png, Image:Wpdms_washington_territory_1863.png, Image:Wpdms_washington_territory_1863_legend.png

Thanks. Angela. 22:27, Sep 15, 2004 (UTC)

The Apprentice 2
Hi, Decumanus. As a fan of The Apprentice, I want to make sure you see my Anti-Apprentice Conspiracy comment on Talk:The Apprentice 2. Please vote. Thanks. --[[User:Nricardo|Nelson Ricardo >>Talk<<]] 06:02, Sep 21, 2004 (UTC)

Maps
Thank you! :) I'm new at this, but it's darn fun. :) jengod 00:24, Oct 16, 2004 (UTC)

Liberty Island, New York vs. New Jersey
If it's not on your watchlist, take a look at Talk:Statue_of_Liberty. (An anon recently inserted a statement that it is a "little known fact" that the statue is in New Jersey). You may have some better ideas than I about what actually should be said in the article and where it should go. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 15:53, 17 Oct 2004 (UTC)

misspellings
I'm familiar with that policy, but no articles were being redirected to it. I guess it really is more of a welcome back then a welcome, I came in on one of the Slashdot influxes. --Eean 06:56, 27 Oct 2004 (UTC)

Suggestions for new categories
If you look at List of U.S. national parks, we already have categories for National parks of the United States, U.S. National Monuments, U.S. National Memorials and U.S. National Preserves. But that leaves National Recreation Areas, National Lakeshores, National Seashores, National Trails, National Historical Parks, National Historical Sites, National Memorials, National Battlefields, National Cemeteries and the whole list of strange one-offs that the NPS classifies as "Other NPS Preserves and Protected Areas". Any suggestions on the smallest number of necessary categories and appropriate names? Rmhermen 19:58, Nov 1, 2004 (UTC)

Carter vfd
On my talk page you wrote that my test worked. I have to confess to being confused. If my test worked, why were my contributions removed? Isn't there supposed to be a discussion before such things are done? Wikipedia is a democracy, after all. Tyharv 00:39, 2 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * Your contributions are the type that are considered trolling by most users. You will banned if you continue. Perhaps you simply misunderstood how things are done here. Best wishes and welcome. -- Decumanus 00:41, 2004 Nov 2 (UTC)
 * Perhaps that is the case. My cavalier lack of acquiescence took me over the edge. Indeed, I wish for more hospitable relations in the future. Tyharv 00:49, 2 Nov 2004 (UTC)

John W. Davis?
I believe Davis is from West Virginia, not New York. Could you please do a factcheck for me about this? Thank you. --Lst27 (talk)  00:56, 2 Nov 2004 (UTC)
 * Oh sorry, I got my facts wrong. I thought he was from West Virginia. --Lst27 (talk)  01:03, 2 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Political subdivisions of New York State
Thanks for the compliment. I was really just building on and tweaking what others worked on before me. I'm glad you found it informative. I myself was a bit confused about some of the concepts before I researched them. Nelson Ricardo 03:31, Nov 6, 2004 (UTC)

Map
I was randomly clicking through your maps and clicked on Image:Wpdms nasa topo two medicine river.jpg which although a blue link claims no image exists when the page loads. I wonder what the problem is. Perhaps all image links show blue even when they don't exist? Rmhermen 16:41, Nov 6, 2004 (UTC)

WikiMeetup
Matt -- good to meet you too. I just added one of my photos (well, actually I added 3, but 2 are unlinked) to Meetup/Seattle, which shows your smiling face (as well as LionKimbro & his sleeping daughter). Your secret identity has just been revealed. ;-) llywrch 06:09, 8 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Sorry.
I was dumb. But I did mean it about JFK. I know you probably like him and voted for him and stuff, but step back for a minute. His positions _as a political candidate_ are just positions, not policy. And the segue is rather tortured to get from JFK's defeat to Prop 71.
 * My opinion of John Kerry has nothing to do with it. I would have defended inclusion of George W. Bush's opinion as well, had Kerry won the election. See Talk:Stem cell for my reply. -- Decumanus 02:54, 2004 Nov 9 (UTC)

Thanks
For your vigilance in protecting my user page. :-) I love how people believe that vandalism and profanity will convince me that they are a wronged party whose adversary needs banning.   Anyway, I apprecite your assistance -- it's been a long day already.  By the way, I'd love it if you dropped me a note now and then to keep me updated on that project you mentioned to me -- I'd love to know where it's going and if anyone has taken an interest.  Best of luck, Jwrosenzweig 17:56, 10 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Thanks for your edit on the New Albion page. While I do think that the Plowden colony of 1634-1650 and the Drake colony should be put together in one article (Plowden after all was inspired by the Drake account), I see your reasoning. As for Sir Edmund Plowden, I'll have to look over the research I've done to find out what would be the best title to replace for "colonial proprietor" as proprietary colonies didn't exist until the late 1600s/early 1700s (except New Jersey in 1664 which was markedly different). Plowden had "Count Palatine" powers over the colony, which made him equal in authority to the King. When I get his article written, you will probably enjoy him. He's a rather enigmatic figure, with a stubborn temper--a Catholic-turned-Athiest, who left on adventure in the New World to get away from a nagging wife whose inherited fortune he used (even without her permission) and persistant lawsuits (like after he hit a minister's pregnant wife), and when he got to the New World, his men mutinied (but he got back at them) so he sat for 7 years in a store in Virginia.

Anyways, I received written permission for the images via e-mail, but if you want to make images (which I can only assume after seeing your work would be of better quality) I'd be much obliged. The Whale Cove theory is just one of many, but more and more scholarship is showing it to be the most likely, despite what the Marin zealots would say. --ExplorerCDT 03:44, 11 Nov 2004 (UTC)

--

I noticed the image you added to Estacada, Oregon. But didn't the Safari Club go out of business a ways back (no loss in my book)?

dino 04:01, 14 Nov 2004 (UTC)

--

Did you know has been updated
And an article you created recently has made the line up and is now featured on the main page. Enjoy! -- [[User:MacGyverMagic|Mgm|(talk)]] 14:40, Nov 14, 2004 (UTC)

--

Thanks for the observation about the Safari Club. Maybe it was a happy dream of mine that the place had gone out of business. I once worked there in high school -- not a happy memory.

Also glad you liked Willamette Meteorite. I felt more proud of writing Victory disease, the first draft of which I finished on November 3rd -- right after Bush's victory. Woe to him who does not learn the lessons of history ...

But on the Safari Club, I did hear something of the animals being packed off to some place on the coast of Oregon. I'll call my mom sometime and maybe get back to you.

dino 20:04, 15 Nov 2004 (UTC)

edu sites
Can I use photos from .edu sites and use them as public domain photos? I just uploaded one. It's Straight Hall. What do you mean? Darwinek, 19:11 UTC, 16 Oct 2004

Darwinek, 22:31 UTC, 16 Oct 2004
 * So do you think that I can mark photos from these sites as fair use?

OK, you win. I called my mom in Estacada, and the Safari Club, albeit under different management, is still in business, with all the stuffed dead animals still poised to strike at unsuspecting diners. Presumably it is now a Chinese place. I remember it as a redneck place ... Must have been a happy dream on my part.

dino 20:15, 16 Nov 2004 (UTC)

---

Gary Hart
Gary Hart was a candidate for the nomination throughout 1987 and withdrew due to the sex scandal, then re-entered in late 1987 for ~ three weeks.

 * Well I could be wrong, I was only 6 at the time so I only know what I know from accounts. But it was my understanding that he was a serious candidate, if not the front runner, leading up to the scandal and that he stayed in the race for a few months after it broke.  He then re-entered the race in December, but dropped out weeks later after being unable to re-establish a campaign base.  Too bad, I am a big fan.  -- Jord 02:30 18 Nov 04 (UTC)

dealing with enthusiastic Wikipedia newbies
I notice that you and I have been giving User talk:Monkee13 some gentle nudges. You might also be interested in checking another newb at User talk:The DataRat and the magnum opus at Reformed Soteriology. If you do happen to take a look, I wouldn't mind getting your opinion of the exchange.

WpZurp 21:57, 19 Nov 2004 (UTC)

 Did you know has been updated and a fact from the article Wheaton Industries, which you recently created, has been featured in that section on the Main Page. If you have another interesting fact to submit, then please suggest it at the section's talk page.

Article Licensing
I've "started" the Free the Rambot Articles Project which aims to get users to release all of their contributions to the U.S. state, county, and city articles (if any) under the CC-by-sa 1.0 and 2.0 license (at minimum) or into the public domain if they prefer. A secondary, but equally important, goal is to get those users to release ALL of their edits for ALL articles. I've personally chosen to multi-license all of the rambot and Ram-Man contributions under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike License so that other projects, such as WikiTravel, can use our articles. I was wondering if you would be willing to multi-license all your contributions (or at minimum those on the geographic articles) so that we can keep most of the articles available under the multi-license. Many users use the   template (or even    for public domain) on their user page, but there are other templates for other options at Template messages/User namespace. If you only prefer using the GFDL, I understand, but I thought I'd at least ask, just in case, since the number of your edits is in the top 100. If you do want to do it, simply just copy and paste one of the above two templates into your user page and it will allow us to track those users who have done it. For example:

 * Option 1
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions, with the exception of my user pages, as described below:

OR
 * Option 2
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions to any U.S. state, county, or city article as described below:

Or if you wanted to place your work into the public domain (which many people do or don't like to do, see Multi-licensing), you could replace   with    -- Ram-Man 23:52, Nov 25, 2004 (UTC)

thanks for ...
... catching those pesky vandals defacing Niagara Falls. Sfahey 01:06, 28 Nov 2004 (UTC)

RFC pages on VfD
Should RFC pages be placed on VfD to be deleted? I'm considering removing Requests for comment/Slrubenstein, Requests for comment/Jwrosenzweig and Requests for comment/John Kenney from WP:VFD. Each of them was listed by CheeseDreams. Your comments on whether I should do this would be appreciated. - Ta bu shi da yu 03:33, 10 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Regional Geographic Names
Thanks for fixing my attempt at clarifying a couple of generic 'Thompson River' links. Is there some general rule for when names are regionalized using brackets and when using commas? Thanks. Al guy 18:37, Dec 10, 2004 (UTC)

Quercus agrifolia
I see you wrote the original article for Quercus agrifolia, titled California live oak. However I note that the much more commonly used name is Coast live oak, also mentioned in the article. Would you have an objection if I moved the article to the more popular name? -Willmcw 00:02, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)
 * Cheers. -Willmcw 01:37, 14 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Statue of Liberty
An anon POV-pusher wants the article to say the statue is in New Jersey because he thinks that based on its map location it ought to be and that New Jersey deserves to have it. Please help. [[User:Dpbsmith|Dpbsmith (talk)]] 11:07, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)

January 15 Seattle meetup
Just wanted to let you know we are planning another Seattle meetup on January 15, 2005. We're trying to get a sense of who will attend, so please drop by that page & leave a note. -- Jmabel | Talk 23:37, Dec 22, 2004 (UTC)

Sandy picture
I like Image:DSCN6852_sandymotorcycles_e.jpg!--Clipdude 04:15, 24 Dec 2004 (UTC)

New York/New Jersey boundary
See Talk:Statue of Liberty. Yes, I'm still fussing with this. One thing I'd like to get straight, at the very least in my own head, is this. You say the original 1664 character set the boundary at the Hudson River, rather than the center of the channel. But it appears to me on the basis of some casual mouse clicks that the 1834 compact agreed that it does go down the center of the channel, which is indeed where all the road maps and things I've looked at show it. More on the Talk page. I'd particularly like discussion of the material at http://www.hudsonlights.com/liberty.htm. Dpbsmith (talk) 12:43, 26 Dec 2004 (UTC)

New York/New Jersey boundary
See Talk:Statue of Liberty. Yes, I'm still fussing with this. One thing I'd like to get straight, at the very least in my own head, is this. You say the original 1664 character set the boundary at the Hudson River, rather than the center of the channel. But it appears to me on the basis of some casual mouse clicks that the 1834 compact agreed that it does go down the center of the channel, which is indeed where all the road maps and things I've looked at show it. More on the Talk page. I'd particularly like discussion of the material at http://www.hudsonlights.com/liberty.htm. Dpbsmith (talk) 12:47, 26 Dec 2004 (UTC)

WikiProject New York City
Hello, I've started WikiProject New York City, and from your edits it seems you might be interested. See its talk page for the beginning of a discussion on the standardization of neighborhood names, and bringing New York City up to featured status.--Pharos 13:29, 29 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Corrected NH Rivers List
Ooops. First-day editting rush newbie goof. Of course you're right about Vermont rivers, and I thank you for watching and gently taking care of it. Lupinelawyer

Checking in
Just thought I'd say hello and see how the "project" was doing. I hope all is well, and that we get to chat again in person at some future Cascadia meetup. :-) Best regards, Jwrosenzweig 23:54, 21 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Hell Gate
See Talk:Hell Gate

New York City history
Before I got even halfway through that talk page comment about early exploration of New York Bay, I said to myself, "This sounds like a Decumanus edit." The thorough research and careful attention to detail were dead giveaways. I'm glad to see that, despite decamping to the West Coast, you're still bringing your tireless scholarship to bear on NYC-related subjects. JamesMLane 13:27, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Untagged Images
Don't forget to tag photos that you have taken and uploaded with a license, such as GFDL. :) There were 25 of your photos, very well-taken, that were untagged, but I've added GFDL tags for you after having viewed your userpage.

If you are free, please do join me in helping out on the project Untagged images.

- Cheers, Mailer Diablo 09:15, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Decumanus/archive3


text:
Huangshan

Huangshan, literally meaning the Yellow Mountain(s), is a mountain range in southern Anhui province in eastern China. It was originally called "Yishan", and it was renamed because of a legend that Emperor Xuanyuan once made alchemy here. Vegetation on the range is thickest below 1100 m, with trees growing up to the treeline at 1800 m.

The area is well known for its scenery, sunsets, peculiarly-shaped granite peaks, Huangshan pine trees, hot springs, winter snow and views of the clouds from above. Huangshan is a frequent subject of traditional Chinese paintings and literature, as well as modern photography. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of China's major tourist destinations.

Physical description

The Huangshan mountain range has many peaks, some more than 1,000 meters (3,250 feet) high. The three tallest and best-known peaks are Lotus Peak (Lianhua Feng, 1,864 m), Bright Peak (Guangming Ding, 1,860 m) and Celestial Peak (Tiandu Feng, literally Capital of Heaven Peak, 1,829 m). The World Heritage Site covers a core area of 154 square kilometres and a buffer zone of 142 square kilometres. The mountains were formed in the Mesozoic, approximately 100 million years ago, when an ancient sea disappeared due to uplift. Later, in the Quaternary Period, the landscape was shaped by the influence of glaciers.

The vegetation of the area varies with elevation. Mesic forests cover the landscape below 1,100 meters. Deciduous forest stretches from 1,100 meters up to the tree line at 1,800 meters. Above that point, the vegetation consists of alpine grasslands. The area has diverse flora, where one-third of China's bryophyte families and more than half of its fern families are represented. The Huangshan pine (Pinus hwangshanensis) is named after Huangshan and is considered an example of vigor because the trees thrive by growing straight out of the rocks. Many of the pine trees in the area are more than a hundred years old and have been given their own names (such as the Ying Ke Pine, or Welcoming-Guests Pine, which is thought to be more than 1500 years old). The pines vary greatly in shape and size, with the most crooked of the trees being considered the most attractive. Furthermore, Huangshan's moist climate facilitates the growing of tea leaves and the mountain has been called "one of China's premier green tea-growing mountains. Mao feng cha ("Fur Peak Tea"), a well-known local variety of green tea, takes its name from the downy tips of tea leaves found in the Huangshan area.

The mountaintops often offer views of the clouds from above, known as the Sea of Clouds or "Huangshan Sea" because of the cloud's resemblance to an ocean, and many vistas are known by names such as "North Sea" or "South Sea." One writer remarked on the view of the clouds from Huangshan as follows:"To enjoy the magnificence of a mountain, you have to look upwards in most cases. To enjoy Mount Huangshan, however, you've got to look downward."

The area also is host to notable light effects, such as the renowned sunrises. Watching the sunrise is considered a "mandatory" part of visiting the area. A phenomenon known as Buddha's Light is also well-known and, on average, Buddha's Light only appears a couple of times per month. In addition, Huangshan has multiple hot springs, most of them located at the foot of the Purple Cloud Peak. The water stays at 42 °C (107.6 °F) all year, and has a high concentration of carbonates. The waters are said to help prevent skin, joint, and nerve illness.

History
Huangshan was formed approximately 100 million years ago and gained its unique rock formations in the Quaternary Glaciation.

During the Qin dynasty, Huangshan was known as Yishan (Mount Yi). In 747 AD, its name was changed to Huangshan (Mount Huang) by imperial decree; the name is commonly thought to have been coined in honor of Huang Di (the Yellow Emperor), a legendary Chinese emperor and the mythological ancestor of the Han Chinese. One legend states that Huangshan was the location from which the Yellow Emperor ascended to Heaven. Another legend states that the Yellow Emperor "cultivated moral character and refined Pills of Immortality in the mountains, and in so doing gave the mountains his name. The first use of this name "Huangshan" often is attributed to Chinese poet Li Bai. Huangshan was fairly inaccessible and little-known in ancient times, but its change of name in 747 AD seems to have brought the area more attention; from then on, the area was visited frequently and many temples were built there.

Huangshan is known for its stone steps, carved into the side of the mountain, of which there may be more than 60,000 throughout the area. The date at which work on the steps began is unknown, but they have been said to be more than 1,500 years old.

Over the years, many scenic spots and physical features on the mountain have been named; many of the names have narratives behind them. For example, one legend tells of a man who did not believe the tales of Huangshan's beauty and went to the mountains to see them; almost immediately, he was converted to the same view. One of the peaks he is said to have visited was named Shixin (始信), roughly meaning "start to believe."

In 1982, Huangshan was declared a "site of scenic beauty and historic interest" by the State Council of China. It was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1990 for its scenery and for its role as a habitat for rare and threatened species. Subsequently, certified as a National Geopark, and then as a regional geopark (Asia Pacific Geopark Network), it was admitted as a UNESCO Global Geopark in 2004.

In 2002, Huangshan was named the "sister mountain" of Jungfrau in the Swiss Alps.

Artistic and scientific inspirations

Much of Huangshan's reputation derives from its significance in Chinese arts and literature. In addition to inspiring poets such as Li Bai, Huangshan and the scenery therein has been the frequent subject of poetry and artwork, especially Chinese ink painting and, more recently, photography. Overall, from the Tang dynasty to the end of the Qing dynasty, more than 20,000 poems were written about Huangshan, and a school of painting named after it. The mountains also have appeared in modern works; director James Cameron cited Huangshan as one of his influences in designing the fictional world of his 2009 film Avatar, and Chinese animated series Stitch & Ai, a spin-off of Disney's Lilo & Stitch franchise, is set in the Huangshan mountains.

The area also has been a location for scientific research because of its diversity of flora and wildlife. In the early part of the twentieth century, the geology and vegetation of Huangshan were the subjects of multiple studies by both Chinese and foreign scientists. The mountain is still a subject of research. For example, in the late twentieth century a team of researchers used the area for a field study of Tibetan macaques, a local species of monkey.

Tourism
Having at least 140 sections open to visitors, Huangshan is a major tourist destination in China. Huangshan City changed its name from Tunxi (屯溪) in 1987 in order to promote Huangshan tourism. In 2007 more than 1.5 million tourists visited the mountain. The city is linked by rail and by air to Shanghai, and also is accessible from cities such as Hangzhou, Zhejiang and Wuhu, Anhui. Buses connect Huangshan City to the base of the mountain, where visitors can take a cable car or hike to the summit.

There are more than 50 kilometers of footpaths providing access to scenic areas for visitors and staffers of the facilities. Throughout the area there are hotels and guest houses that accommodate overnight visitors, many of whom hike up the mountains, spend the night at one of the peaks to view the sunrise, and then descend by a different route the next day. The area is classified as a AAAAA scenic area by the China National Tourism Administration.

The hotels, restaurants, and other facilities at the top of the mountain are serviced and kept stocked by porters who carry resources around the mountain on foot, hanging their cargo from long poles balanced over their shoulders or backs.

Climate
Huangshan has a humid continental climate (Köppen Climate Classification Dfb) or a subtropical highland climate (Cfb) depending on the isotherm used. Its elevation makes it colder and wetter than the rest of Anhui.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Huangshan


text: Category:Latvia

title: Category:Latvia


text:
Schomberg

Schomberg or Schömberg may refer to various people or places:

In Canada

 * Schomberg, Ontario, an unincorporated village
 * Schomberg (Sloan Field) Aerodrome

In Germany

 * Schömberg, Thuringia, in the district of Greiz, Thuringia
 * Schömberg, Zollernalbkreis, in the district Zollernalbkreis, Baden-Württemberg
 * Schömberg, Calw, in the district of Calw, Baden-Württemberg

In Poland

 * Schomberg, German name for Szombierki, a district of Bytom
 * Schömberg, the former German name for Chełmsko Śląskie in Lower Silesia

In Hungary

 * Schomberg, German name for Somberek, a village in Baranya county

People

 * A. Thomas Schomberg, American sculptor
 * Alexander Schomberg (1720–1804), Royal Navy captain, son of Meyer
 * Alexander Wilmot Schomberg (1774–1850), Royal Navy captain, son of Alexander
 * Arturo Alfonso Schomberg (1874-1938) Puerto Rican historian of the Harlem Renaissance
 * Charles Schomberg (disambiguation)
 * Charles Schomberg, 2nd Duke of Schomberg (1645–1693), general in the Prussian, Dutch and British Army
 * Charles de Schomberg (1601–1656), son of Henri, also Marshal of France
 * Charles Frederick Schomberg (1815–1874), Royal Navy admiral, son of Alexander Wilmot
 * Charles Marsh Schomberg (1779–1835), Royal Navy captain, colonial governor, son of Alexander
 * Frederick Schomberg, 1st Duke of Schomberg (1615–1690/6–1690), marshal of France and a general in the English and Portuguese Army
 * George Augustus Schomberg (1821–1907), British Royal Marines officer
 * Henri de Schomberg (1575–1632), Marshal of France during the reign of Louis XIII
 * Hermann Schomberg (1907–1975), German film and television actor
 * Isaac Schomberg (1753–1813), controversial officer of the British Royal Navy
 * Meinhardt Schomberg, 3rd Duke of Schomberg (1641–1719), general in the service of Prince William of Orange (later King William III of England)
 * Meyer Löw Schomberg (1690–1761), German-Jewish physician who moved to London
 * Otto Schomberg (1864–1927), American baseball player
 * Ralph Schomberg (1714–1792), British doctor 18th century doctor, son of Meyer
 * Schomberg Kerr, 9th Marquess of Lothian (1833–1900), styled Lord Schomberg Kerr until 1870, was a British diplomat and Conservative politician
 * Schomberg Kerr McDonnell (1861–1915), British Army officer, politician and civil servant

Other uses

 * Schomberg (1855), a cargo ship
 * Schomberg House, London
 * Schomberg House, Belfast, the headquarters of the Orange Order
 * Duke of Schomberg, a title in the Peerage of England

title: Schomberg


text:
Talk:Transport in Sudan

Untitled
\For an October 2004 deletion debate over this page see Votes for deletion/Transportation in Sudan

there is an oil pipeline from El Obeid in the central south to Port Sudan on the Red Sea capable of carrying initially 250,000 barrels of oil per day. It has its own communication system of fibre optic cable covering over 1500 km of fibre, its own trunking radio system at all pumping stations, a three station satellite system and complete telephony system. All is controlled by a SCADA system supplied by a Canadian company capable of alarming, controlling, and metering the entire oil pipeline.

the article is inaccurate and outdated
The article is outdated!!!

'the map of transportation in Sudan' is from 1961 which is really to old. In the last 50 years rail transport is losing ground to road transport. In the end of 2009 the regular service on the railway line Wadi Halfa - Atbara was closed down. In the same time the new tarmac road Dongola - Wadi half was opened, which was the last leg of Khartoum - Abu Dom - Dongola - Wafi Halfa road. Earlier Dongola - Karima (Merowe) and Karima - Atbara roads were completed.

The other thing:

'In 1990, Sudan's road system totaled between 20,000 and 25,000 kilometers, comprising an extremely sparse network for the size of the country. Asphalted, all-weather roads, excluding paved streets in cities and towns, amounted to roughly 3,000 to 3,500 kilometers' And in summary we can read: 'Total: 11,900 km Paved: 4,320 km Unpaved: 7,580 km (2000)'

Titus Atomicus (talk) 07:30, 24 November 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Transport in Sudan


text:
Paul Dodge

Paul William Dodge (born 26 February 1958 in Leicester, England) is a former English rugby union international footballer who gained 32 caps for his country between 1978 and 1985. His Leicester Tigers career earned him 436 appearances.

Dodge started playing for his local club, Syston RFC, from where he progressed to join Tigers as a youth player and as a 17-year-old, made his first team debut in the annual Christmas fixture against the Barbarians. His debut came two years later. With Clive Woodward he formed a centre partnership that played for Tigers, England and the British Lions tour to South Africa in 1980. In 1985 he captained England eight times and captained Tigers in the 1987/88 season. After retiring he became Leicester backs coach between 1993 and 1996 before becoming an academy coach in 1998.

title: Paul Dodge


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User:Krik~enwiki/monobook.css

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.boilerplate { idth: 70%; padding: 4px; background: #f7f8ff; border: 1px solid gray; margin: 0 auto; text-align: center;" align="center }

a.stub {color:green; font-weight:bold}

title: User:Krik~enwiki/monobook.css


text: User talk:130.126.8.172

title: User talk:130.126.8.172


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User talk:Bebelus

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * If you haven't already, please add your name to the new user log to let others know a little about yourself.
 * Read the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the Sandbox.
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk or ask me on my talk page.
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck! Jrdioko

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has now been removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing material in articles will normally be removed quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. -- Graham :) | Talk 22:23, 31 May 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Bebelus


text:
Category:Goddesses

This is a category for goddesses (i.e. female deities) and for female aspects of non-female gods.

See also Category:Gods.

title: Category:Goddesses


text:
Category:Gods

This category is for articles about male deities (i.e. gods). Articles concerning the monotheistic God belong in Category:God.

See also Category:Goddesses.

title: Category:Gods


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User talk:Piotr13

I think that authors should write about participation of women for example in polish turkish war. In II world war women took a part in resistance in all country occupied by germany

title: User talk:Piotr13


text:
Benjamin McCulloch

Brigadier-General Benjamin McCulloch (November 11, 1811 – March 7, 1862) was a soldier in the Texas Revolution, a Texas Ranger, a major-general in the Texas militia and thereafter a major in the United States Army (United States Volunteers) during the Mexican–American War, sheriff of Sacramento County, a U.S. marshal, and a brigadier-general in the army of the Confederate States during the American Civil War. He owned at least 91 slaves.

McCulloch was killed during the Battle of Pea Ridge.

Early life
He was born November 11, 1811, in Rutherford County, Tennessee, one of twelve children and the fourth son of Alexander McCulloch and Frances Fisher LeNoir. Benjamin's father Alexander, a Yale University graduate, was a descendant of Captain Nicolas Martiau, the French Huguenot settler of Jamestown, Virginia and ancestor of President George Washington, and also had Scots-Irish ancestry. Alexander was also an officer on Brig. Gen. John Coffee's staff during the Creek War of 1813 and 1814 in Alabama (and apparently at the Battle of New Orleans in 1815). His mother was a daughter of a prominent Virginian planter. The McCulloch family had been wealthy, politically influential, and socially prominent in North Carolina before the American Revolution, but Alexander had wasted much of his inheritance and was unable even to educate his sons. (Two of Ben's older brothers had briefly attended a school in Tennessee taught by their neighbor, Sam Houston.) One of Ben's younger brothers was Henry Eustace McCulloch, also a Confederate general officer. Another brother, Alexander, served in the Texas Revolution and as a captain in Mexico.

The McCulloch family, like many on the frontier, moved often by choice or necessity. In the twenty years following their move from North Carolina and Ben's birth, they lived in eastern Tennessee, Alabama, and then western Tennessee. They finally settled at Dyersburg, where one of their closest neighbors was Davy Crockett, a great influence on young Ben.

In 1834, McCulloch headed west. He reached St. Louis just too late to join the fur trappers headed for the mountains for the season. He then tried to join a freight company heading for Santa Fe as a muleskinner, but was told they had a full complement. He moved on to Wisconsin to investigate lead-mining, but found all the best claims already staked by the large mining companies. In the fall of 1835, he returned to Tennessee to take up farming.

Texas career
When Crockett went to Texas in 1835 (following his defeat in his third congressional campaign), Ben McCulloch—tired of farming and seeking adventure—decided to accompany him, as did his brother Henry McCulloch. They planned to meet Crockett's Tennessee Boys at Nacogdoches on Christmas Day. Crockett's arrival in Nacogdoches was delayed due to hunting between the Bois d'Arc Creek and Choctaw Bayou. By January 5, 1836, Crockett found his way to Nacogdoches. There, Ben McCulloch greeted him after having convinced his brother, Henry McCulloch to return to Tennessee. Ben subsequently contracted measles and was bedridden for several weeks. Crockett pressed on toward San Antonio. McCulloch's illness prevented him from arriving in San Antonio until after the Alamo had already fallen.

McCulloch joined the Texas army under Sam Houston in its retreat to east Texas. Assigned to Captain Isaac N. Moreland's artillery company at the Battle of San Jacinto (April 21, 1836), he commanded one of the "Twin Sisters"—two six-pounder cannon sent to aid the Texans by the citizens of Cincinnati. One of the twin sisters was named Eleanor, the other Elizabeth. It is believed he chose to command Elizabeth to honor his dear friend and mentor, David Crockett, whose widow was Elizabeth Crockett. He made deadly use of his cannon against the Mexican positions and received a battlefield commission as first lieutenant. For his service (dating before April 18, 1836), McCulloch was issued Texas Bounty Certificate No. 2473 for 320 acres (.5 mi2, 1.3 km2). In 1839, he also received Donation Certificate No. 776 for 640 acres (1 mi2, 2.6 km2), for his service at San Jacinto.

McCulloch was then attached to Captain William H. Smith's cavalry company, but returned to Tennessee to recruit a company of volunteers to return to Texas. He returned a few months later with a company of thirty volunteers which he had placed under the command of his friend, Robert Crockett, David Crockett's son.

By 1838, he had taken up the profession of surveying land for the Republic of Texas in and around the community of Seguin, later joining the Texas Rangers as lieutenant to Captain John Coffee "Jack" Hays. He acquired a reputation as an Indian fighter, favoring shotguns, pistols, and Bowie knives to the regulation saber and carbine.

On the strength of his new fame, he was elected to the Republic of Texas House of Representatives in 1839. The campaign was contentious, and McCulloch fought a rifle duel the next year against Colonel Reuben Ross, resulting in a wound that left his right arm crippled for life. Ben considered the matter closed, but it flared up again the following year, this time involving Henry McCulloch, who killed Ross with a pistol.

In 1842, McCulloch went back to surveying and intermittent military service. At the Battle of Plum Creek, August 12, 1840, he served as a scout against the Comanches, and then commanded the right wing of the Texas army. When a Mexican raiding party under General Ráfael Vásquez invaded San Antonio in February 1842, McCulloch was prominent in the fighting that pushed the Mexicans back beyond the Rio Grande. A second Mexican raid led by General Adrian Woll in September of that year again captured San Antonio. McCulloch then served as a scout for Captain Hays' Rangers. He and his brother, Henry, subsequently took part in the failed Somervell expedition and both escaped very shortly before most of the Texans were captured at Ciudad Mier, Mexico in Tamaulipas, December 25, 1842.

Samuel Reid, a volunteer from Louisiana, described McCulloch and his ranger company as "men in groups with long beards and mustaches, dressed in every variety of garment, with one exception, the slouched hat, the unmistakable uniform of a Texas ranger, and a brace of pistols around their waists, [who] were occupied drying their blankets, cleaning and fixing their guns, and some employed cooking at different fires, while others were grooming their horses. A rougher-looking set we never saw. They were without tents, and a miserable shed afforded them the only shelter. Captain McCulloch introduced us to his officers and many of his men, who appeared orderly and well-mannered people. But from their rough exterior, it was hard to tell who or what they were. Notwithstanding their ferocious and outlaw look, there were among them doctors and lawyers and many a college graduate."

War with Mexico
In 1845, McCulloch was elected from Gonzales County to the first Texas state legislature following its entry into the union. In the spring of 1846, a law was passed appointing him Major-General in command of all Texas militia west of the Colorado River. That same year, with the outbreak of the war with Mexico, he raised a company of Rangers that became Company A of Col. Hays's 1st Regiment of Texas Mounted Volunteers, who were known for their ability to regularly travel 250 miles in ten days or less. He subsequently was named chief of scouts under Gen. Zachary Taylor, with the rank of major, and became known nationwide for his daring exploits in northern Mexico. (His company of scouts included George Wilkins Kendall, editor of the New Orleans Picayune.) By this time, McCulloch was fluent in Spanish and his woodsman's skills enabled him to slip back and forth across the lines undetected—more than once penetrating to within a mile of Santa Anna's own tent.

McCulloch led his scouting company as mounted infantry at the Battle of Monterrey and his expert reconnaissance work preceding the Battle of Buena Vista probably saved Taylor's army from disaster.(how?) After Buena Vista he was promoted to the rank of major of U.S. Volunteers.

At the war's end, McCulloch scouted for Maj. Gen. David E. Twiggs, but joined the rush to the California gold fields in 1849. While he never struck gold, he was elected sheriff of Sacramento. (His old commander, Col. Hays, had been elected sheriff of San Francisco on the same day.) His old friends Sam Houston and Thomas J. Rusk, both now in the U.S. Senate, tried to arrange for his appointment to command a frontier army regiment, but his lack of formal education was against him and the appointment never went through. In 1852, President Franklin Pierce promised him command of the U.S. Second Cavalry, but Secretary of War Jefferson Davis gave it instead to Albert Sidney Johnston.

McCulloch was appointed U.S. marshal for the Eastern District of Texas in 1852, serving throughout the Pierce and Buchanan administrations. However, conscious of his lack of formal military education, he actually spent much of his term studying military science in libraries in Washington, D.C. In the aftermath of the Utah War, in 1858 he was one of two Peace Commissioners sent to deliver President Buchanan's pardon to Brigham Young in Utah (the other being former Gov. Lazarus W. Powell of Kentucky). As the Commissioners stated during meetings with Brigham and Church leadership, they had no power to negotiate. The Buchanan pardon was non-negotiable: 1) submit to Federal authority, and 2) allow the army to pass through Salt Lake City and establish a post somewhere in Utah. Brigham accepted the pardon under protest that the members of the Church had committed no crimes other than burning the US Army supply train contracted with Majors & Waddell, on the high plains of Wyoming. McCulloch in effect ended the Utah War when he changed the tone of the 2-day meeting on the 2nd morning, June 12, 1858, as reported by the New York Herald, 9 August 1858, 8/2-3: "But while a torrent of beastly and disgusting words were issuing from the throat of [Apostle Erastus] Snow, Commissioner McCulloch interrupted him with this remark: "....but I tell you sir, the army shall come in, and no power here can prevent it.""

Civil War service
Texas seceded from the union on February 1, 1861, and on February 14, McCulloch received a colonel's commission from Confederate President Jefferson Davis, with the comment that "to Texans, a moment's notice is sufficient when their State demands their service." He was authorized to demand the surrender of all federal military posts in the state. Subsequently, on the morning of February 16, U.S. Army General Twiggs, finding that more than 1,000 Texas troops had surrounded his installations in an orderly manner during the night, turned over to McCulloch all federal property in San Antonio. In return Twigg's troops were to be allowed to leave the state unharmed. On May 11, President Davis appointed McCulloch a brigadier-general.

McCulloch was placed in command of the Indian Territory. He set up his headquarters at Little Rock, and began piecing together an Army of the West, with regiments from Texas, Arkansas, and Louisiana. He disagreed strongly with General Sterling Price of Missouri, but with the assistance of Brigadier-General Albert Pike, he was able to build alliances for the Confederacy with the Cherokee, Choctaw, and Creek nations.

On August 10, 1861, McCulloch's troops, though relatively poorly armed, handily defeated the army of Brigadier-General Nathaniel Lyon at the Battle of Wilson's Creek, Missouri. "We have an average of only twenty-five rounds of ammunition to the man," McCulloch reported, "and no more to be had short of Fort Smith and Baton Rouge." He did not have a high opinion of Price's Missourians, noting that they were undisciplined, commanded mostly by incompetent and inexperienced politicians, and possessed only a poor mix of weapons and equipment. For some 5,000 of them, their enlistment time was up and they were anxious to go home. Cooperation between the Arkansas and Missouri contingents was feeble, with "little cordiality of feeling between the two armies." His lack of confidence in the Missourians led McCulloch to hesitate when a bold attack might well have destroyed Lyon's smaller force and given Missouri to the Confederacy.

The continuing feud between McCulloch and Price led to the appointment of Major-General Earl Van Dorn to overall command, Henry Heth and Braxton Bragg having declined the appointment. When Van Dorn launched an expedition against St. Louis, a strategy McCulloch strongly opposed, it was again McCulloch's reconnaissance that contributed most to what little success Van Dorn's plan was able to achieve.

McCulloch commanded the Confederate right wing at the Battle of Pea Ridge (or Elkhorn Tavern), Arkansas, and on March 7, 1862, after much maneuvering his troops overran a key Union artillery battery. Union resistance stiffened late in the morning, however, and as McCulloch rode forward to scout out enemy positions, he was shot out of the saddle and died instantly. McCulloch always disliked army uniforms and was wearing a black velvet civilian suit and Wellington boots at the time of his death. Credit for the fatal shot was claimed by sharpshooter Peter Pelican of the 36th Illinois Infantry.

McCulloch's next in command, Brig. Gen. James M. McIntosh, head of the cavalry, was killed a few minutes later in a charge to recover McCulloch's body. Confederate Col. Louis Hébert was captured in the same charge, and the Confederate forces, with no remaining leadership, slowly fell apart and withdrew. Historians generally blame the Confederate disaster at Pea Ridge and the subsequent loss of undefended Arkansas on the death of McCulloch.

McCulloch's body was buried on the field at Pea Ridge, but was subsequently removed with other victims of the battle to a cemetery in Little Rock. He was later reinterred in the Texas State Cemetery in Austin; the gravesite is in the cemetery's Republic Hill section, Row N, No. 4. His papers are housed at the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History (previously the Barker Texas History Center) at the University of Texas at Austin. McCulloch County, Texas, formed in 1856 and located in the present geographical center of the state, was named for him. He is also one of thirty men inducted into the Texas Ranger Hall of Fame at Fort Fisher, Waco.

Shortly after Pea Ridge, Albert Pike, now a brigadier-general, constructed Fort McCulloch as the principal Confederate fortification in the southern section of the Indian Territory, naming it after his late commander. It was built on a bluff on the south bank of the Blue River and is now located in Bryan County, Oklahoma. It was placed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places in 1971.

Camp Ben McCulloch (see External Links below) was established near Austin in 1896 as a reunion site for the United Confederate Veterans and is the last such site still owned by the UCV's descendant group, the Sons and Daughters of the Confederacy. It is now a public recreation facility of some 200 acres (0.8 km2), operated by the County of Hays, and is a popular location for Central Texas family reunions, picnics, and musical festivals.

Several other members of McCulloch's family followed him to Texas, including his mother. She died in Ellis County in 1866 at the home of another of her sons, John C. McCulloch, who had been a captain in the Confederate army. Her remains were exhumed in 1938 by the State of Texas and reinterred beside those of Gen. Ben McCulloch, and a joint monument was erected. Other siblings lived in Gonzales and in Walker County.

In popular culture

 * Steve Earle wrote a song about McCulloch on his album Train a Comin'. "Ben McCulloch" is sung from the perspective of a foot soldier in McCulloch's infantry, marched from Texas to fight in Missouri and growing to hate both McCulloch and the Civil War. Its chorus and refrain is "Goddamn you, Ben McCulloch / I hate you more than any other man alive // And when you die, you'll be a foot soldier just like me / in the Devil's infantry."
 * He is the main antagonist in Harry Turtledove's short story "Lee at the Alamo" (2011).
 * He is also a character in Janice Woods Windle's True Women which was later made into a TV movie.
 * There is a mention of McCulloch's Rangers in Cormac McCarthy's Blood Meridian on page 95, where the men from the Glanton gang are said to be from McCulloch's Rangers: "(...) Tate from Kentucky who had fought with McCulloch's Rangers as had Tobin and others among them (...)".

title: Benjamin McCulloch


text:
List of settlements in Messenia

This is a list of settlements in Messenia, Greece.

 * Achladochori
 * Adriani
 * Aetos
 * Agaliani
 * Agios Floros
 * Agios Nikolaos
 * Agios Nikon
 * Agios Sostis
 * Agrilia
 * Agrilia
 * Agrilos
 * Agrilovouno
 * Aithaia
 * Akritochori
 * Alagonia
 * Alonia
 * Altomira
 * Amfeia
 * Amfithea
 * Ammos
 * Ampeliona
 * Ampelofyto
 * Ampelokipoi
 * Analipsi
 * Andania
 * Androusa
 * Anemomylos
 * Ano Dorio
 * Ano Melpeia
 * Antheia
 * Anthousa
 * Antikalamos
 * Archaia Messini
 * Arfara
 * Ariochori
 * Aris
 * Aristodimio
 * Aristomenis
 * Armenioi
 * Arsinoi
 * Artemisia
 * Artiki
 * Asprochoma
 * Aspropoulia
 * Avia
 * Avlonas
 * Avramiou
 * Chalazoni
 * Chalkias
 * Chandrinos
 * Charakopio
 * Charavgi
 * Chatzis
 * Chomatada
 * Chora
 * Chranoi
 * Christianoupoli
 * Chrysochori
 * Chrysokellaria
 * Daras
 * Dasochori
 * Desyllas
 * Diavolitsi
 * Diodia
 * Doloi
 * Dorio
 * Draina
 * Drosia
 * Elaia
 * Elaiochori
 * Ellinoekklisia
 * Eva
 * Evangelismos
 * Exochiko
 * Exochori
 * Falanthi
 * Faraklada
 * Filia
 * Filiatra
 * Flesias
 * Floka
 * Foiniki
 * Foinikounta
 * Gargalianoi
 * Glyfada
 * Glykorrizi
 * Iklaina
 * Ilektra
 * Kainourgio Chorio
 * Kakaletri
 * Kalamaras
 * Kalamata
 * Kalitsaina
 * Kallirroi
 * Kallithea
 * Kalo Nero
 * Kalochori
 * Kalogeresi
 * Kalogerorrachi
 * Kalyvia
 * Kamari
 * Kampos
 * Kaplani
 * Kardamyli
 * Karnasi
 * Karpofora
 * Karteroli
 * Karveli
 * Karyes
 * Karyovouni
 * Kastania, Messini
 * Kastania, West Mani
 * Kato Melpeia
 * Katsaros
 * Kefalinos
 * Kefalovrysi
 * Kefalovryso
 * Kentriko
 * Kentro
 * Klima
 * Kokkino
 * Koklas
 * Kompoi
 * Konstantinoi
 * Kopanaki
 * Koromilea
 * Koroni
 * Koryfasi
 * Koukkounara
 * Kourtaki
 * Koutifaris
 * Kouvelas
 * Kremmydia
 * Kryoneri
 * Kynigos
 * Kyparissia
 * Lachanada
 * Ladas
 * Lagkada
 * Laiika
 * Lampaina
 * Lantzounato
 * Lefki
 * Lefkochora
 * Longa
 * Loutro
 * Lykissa
 * Lykotrafos
 * Lykoudesi
 * Madena
 * Magoula
 * Mali
 * Malta
 * Malthi
 * Mandra
 * Manesis
 * Manganiako
 * Maniaki
 * Mantzari
 * Marathopoli
 * Margeli
 * Mathia
 * Mavrommati
 * Meligalas
 * Meropi
 * Mesochori
 * Mesopotamos
 * Messini
 * Metamorfosi
 * Metaxada
 * Methoni
 * Mikri Mantineia
 * Mikromani
 * Mila
 * Milea
 * Miliotio
 * Militsa
 * Monastiri
 * Mouriatada
 * Mouzaki
 * Myro
 * Myrsinochorio
 * Nea Koroni
 * Neda
 * Nedousa
 * Neochori Aristomenous
 * Neochori Ithomis
 * Neochori, West Mani
 * Neromylos
 * Nomitsis
 * Oichalia
 * Palaio Loutro
 * Palaiokastro
 * Paniperi
 * Papaflessas
 * Pappoulia
 * Parapougki
 * Pefko
 * Pelekanada
 * Perdikoneri
 * Petalidi
 * Petritsi
 * Pidasos
 * Pidima
 * Pigadia
 * Piges
 * Pilalistra
 * Piperitsa
 * Platania
 * Platanovrysi
 * Plati
 * Platsa
 * Platy
 * Poliani
 * Polichni
 * Polylofos
 * Polythea
 * Poulitsi
 * Proastio
 * Prodromos
 * Prosilio
 * Psari
 * Pyla
 * Pylos
 * Pyrgos Kalamon
 * Pyrgos Trifylias
 * Raches
 * Raptopoulo
 * Revmatia
 * Rigklia
 * Rodia
 * Romanos
 * Saïdona
 * Sellas
 * Siamo
 * Sidirokastro
 * Sitochori
 * Skala
 * Skliros
 * Solaki
 * Sotirianika
 * Soulinari
 * Sperchogeia
 * Spilia
 * Spitali
 * Stamatino
 * Stasimo
 * Stasio
 * Stavropigi
 * Stenyklaros
 * Sterna
 * Stoupa
 * Strefi
 * Syrrizo
 * Thalames
 * Thouria
 * Trachila
 * Trikorfo
 * Triodos
 * Tripyla
 * Tseria
 * Tsoukalaiika
 * Valta
 * Valyra
 * Vanada
 * Vasiliko
 * Velanidia
 * Velika
 * Verga
 * Vlachopoulo
 * Vlasis
 * Vounaria
 * Voutaina
 * Vromovrisi
 * Vryses
 * Yameia
 * Zermpisia
 * Zevgolateio

title: List of settlements in Messenia


text:
User talk:64.12.116.144

Speedy deletion nomination of Billy Corish

A tag has been placed on Billy Corish, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section G4 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be a repost of material that was previously deleted following a deletion debate,. Under the specified criteria, where an article has substantially identical content to that of an article deleted after debate, and any changes in the content do not address the reasons for which the material was previously deleted, it may be deleted at any time.

If you think that the page was nominated in error, contest the nomination by clicking on the button labelled "Click here to contest this speedy deletion" in the speedy deletion tag. Doing so will take you to the talk page where you can explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. You can also visit the page's talk page directly to give your reasons, but be aware that once a page is tagged for speedy deletion, it may be removed without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but do not hesitate to add information that is consistent with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. If the page is deleted, you can contact one of these administrators to request that the administrator userfy the page or email a copy to you. ♛♚★Vaibhav Jain★♚♛ Talk Email 14:23, 22 June 2012 (UTC)

"Monkey vs. scopes trial" listed at Redirects for discussion
A discussion is taking place to address the redirect Monkey vs. scopes trial. The discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2021 November 29 until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. Hog Farm Talk 06:26, 29 November 2021 (UTC)

title: User talk:64.12.116.144


text:
I Love You, California

"I Love You, California" is the state song and regional anthem of the U.S. state of California, originally published in 1913. It was adopted in 1951 and reconfirmed in 1987 as the official state song.

The lyrics were written by Francis Beatty Silverwood (1863–1924), a Los Angeles clothier, and the words were subsequently put to music by Abraham Franklin Frankenstein (1873–1934), then conductor of the Orpheum Theatre Orchestra, with an inaugural performance by Mary Garden. Frankenstein was a cousin of the San Francisco Chronicle's long-time music and art critic Alfred V. Frankenstein. The song was published by Hatch & Loveland, Music Printers, Los Angeles, California, and copyrighted by F.B. Silverwood in 1913. It was the official song of expositions held in San Francisco and San Diego in 1915.

Premiere
Later in 1913, the song was introduced by opera star Mary Garden, associated with the Chicago Grand Opera at that time. "Mary Garden stopped Grand Opera to make this California song famous," read the notices virtually ensuring the popularity and success of the new song. The renowned soprano wrote on stationery from the Hotel Alexandria in Los Angeles:

"Dear Mr. Silverwood: I am proud to be the first to sing your most beautiful song in public — and I hope for it a wonderful success here in California and everywhere! Sincerely, Mary Garden"

Played aboard the SS Ancon
"I Love You, California" was played aboard the steamship Ancon, which on August 14, 1914, became the first merchant ship to pass through the Panama Canal.

State legislative designation
In 1951, the State Legislature passed a resolution designating it as California's state song. California Government Code section 421.7 states, "I Love You, California", a song published in 1913 with lyrics by F.B. Silverwood and music by A.F. Frankenstein, is an official state song."

In 1987, "I Love You, California" became the official state song by law.

Commercial use
In late 2012, Jeep began running a TV advertisement in California, with "I Love You, California" as the soundtrack and visuals showing the Californian state flower, Californian flag, and other Californian icons.

The song also serves as the theme music for the state’s public television human interest series “California’s Golden Parks”, presented by Huell Howser.

In popular culture
An arrangement of the song is heard when the player builds the Golden Gate Bridge in Civilization VI: Gathering Storm, accompanied by the first four lines of Percy Bysshe Shelley's poem A Bridal Song.

Other non-official state songs
During the years following, several attempts were made to make other songs the official state song. In 1921, Lynden Ellsworth Behymer (1862–1947), impresario, and Bessie Bartlett Frankel (Mrs. Cecil Frankel) (1884–1959), donated a sum of money to the California Federation of Music Clubs to hold a contest for lyrics to a state song "of real value." The judges were Benjamin Franklin Field (1868–1960), chairman of the federation and chairman of the committee of judges, Grace Atherton Dennen (1874–1927), editor and publisher of The Lyric West, and Blanche Robinson (Mrs. Martin Hennion Robinson) (née Williams; 1883–1969), composer. The original deadline, October 1, 1921, was extended to December 31, 1921 and the prize money was increased to $100. The judges selected Mary Lennox of San Francisco on January 17, 1922, as the winner was "California, Sweet Homeland of Mine":

title: I Love You, California


text:
Huangshan (disambiguation)

Huangshan (Yellow Mountain, Mount Huang) is a scenic mountain range and UNESCO World Heritage Site in Anhui, China.

Huangshan may also refer to:

 * Huangshan City, a prefecture-level city near the Huangshan Mountains
 * Huangshan District, a district of Huangshan City
 * Huangshan Pine, a tree native to eastern China's mountains
 * Huangshan, a village in Shawo Township, Echeng District, Ezhou, Hubei

title: Huangshan (disambiguation)


text:
User talk:MartinBiely

Welcome!

Talk to me....

Notes to self:
You, errm, I keep searching for Template_messages.

I Threes
You must put your reasons for your copyvio at Talk:I Threes. If you do not do so soon I will remove the copyvio and rewrite the article. It does look like a copyvio, I agree, but explain yourself, please. This article has not been recorded at Copyright problems either, and I cannot do it because I don't know where the copy vio is from. Squiquifox 17:55, 5 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I Threes article is from here, added to WP:CP now. (besides the url was there but the url= part of copyvio got lost in editing..... MartinBiely 20:52, Feb 6, 2005 (UTC)

I have removed offending article and rewritten it myself from scratch with copyvio as external link. I hope this is okay with you as there can be no doubts of the copyvio. Regards, Squiquifox 00:52, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, of cause, it is ok with me. MartinBiely 21:18, Feb 7, 2005 (UTC)

Thanks

 * Thanks you, MartinBiely, for improving the Hastings Ndlovu article. The work you put in is much appreciated. Thanks again. Banes 08:06, 9 August 2005 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
Hi, You appear to be eligible to vote in the current Arbitration Committee election. The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to enact binding solutions for disputes between editors, primarily related to serious behavioural issues that the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the ability to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail. If you wish to participate, you are welcome to review the candidates' statements and submit your choices on the voting page. For the Election committee, MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 22:17, 30 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:MartinBiely


text:
Love Songs (Julio Iglesias album)

Love Songs is an English language compilation of mainly love songs by Julio Iglesias released in 2004. It contains his greatest English language hit - his duet with Willie Nelson on "To All The Girls I've Loved Before" which reached the top 5 of the Billboard Hot 100. It also features a duet with Dolly Parton on "When You Tell Me You Love Me" as well as a live version of "As Time Goes By" from Casablanca. Iglesias departs from the love song theme on the album with a version of Don McLean's "Vincent" ("Starry Starry Night").

Track listing

 * 1) "To All the Girls I've Loved Before"
 * 2) "Crazy"
 * 3) "When I Need You"
 * 4) "Vincent" ("Starry Starry Night")
 * 5) "And I Love Her"
 * 6) "Feelings" (Live)
 * 7) "If You Go Away"
 * 8) "Crazy In Love"
 * 9) "When I Fall In Love"
 * 10) "Can't Help Falling In Love"
 * 11) "As Time Goes By" (Live)
 * 12) "Moonlight Lady"
 * 13) "When You Tell Me That You Love Me"
 * 14) "Mona Lisa"
 * 15) "99 Miles from L.A."
 * 16) "Love Has Been A Friend To Me"

title: Love Songs (Julio Iglesias album)


text:
User talk:Jorgengb

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * If you haven't already, please add your name to the new user log to let others know a little about yourself.
 * Read the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the Sandbox.
 * Eventually, you might want to read the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * If you need help, post a question at the Help Desk or ask me on my talk page.
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck! Jrdioko

P.S. One last helpful hint. To sign your posts like I did above (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).

Toglimi una curiosità, ma tu hai vissuto in Italia e/o hai parenti italiani, o ti sei imparato l'italiano e il lombardo per semplice interesse personale? Io al contrario (paradossalmente?) è da poco che mi interesso delle lingue romanze, fino a un annetto fa mi interessavano soprattutto le lingue germaniche, e infatti mi sono "imparato" (moooolto tra virgolette) lo svedese... Non so poi se il fatto che siano state fatte relativamente poche correzioni al mio articolo "Milanesiska" su sv.wiki debba rendermi fiero del mio svedese o semplicemente farmi pensare che nessuno avesse voglia di riscriverlo da capo ;-)

In quanto alle lingue romanze, invece... posso avere una tua opinione sull'evoluzione dal latino? Tutti dicono che le lingue romanze derivano dal latino volgare e non dal latino classico, e questo mi pare ovvio. Ma cosa è veramente questo latino volgare? Per esempio, secondo te nel latino parlato quando ancora c'era l'Impero si usava "ille" come articolo?

Secondo me sì: com'è possibile altrimenti che in tutte le lingue romanze (salvo, che io sappia, il rumeno e il sardo, che sono comunque lingue piuttosto marginali [nel senso di "marginal"]) si sia scelto "ille" come articolo?

In questo momento mi viene in mente solo la questione dell'articolo, ma ho pensato spesso che ci sono varie "coincidenze" strane tra le varie lingue romanze, che non riuscirei a spiegare se non con il fatto che il latino del tardo Impero dovesse già essere molto vicino alle lingue romanze di oggi.

Ovviamente puoi rispondermi in italiano in inglese, come preferisci... magari non in norvegese - anche se sarebbe un bell'esercizio, ma poi probabilmente dovrei chiederti di ritradurre tutto in inglese o in italiano ;-)

I can't give you a complete answer about CPU speed, since modern CPUs really have a lot of factors influencing speed, whose names, acronyms and meanings I prefer to remain ignorant about.

But, as a general picture, there is the CPU, which goes at a speed; there is the system bus (the PCI bus on most computers), which goes at a(nother) speed; and there is the memory bus, which goes (guess what) at another speed.

In the so called "old days", one clock really gave the computer speed: the CPU, memory, and often the "peripherals" (i.e. anything else) worked synchronously. Today, this model has become inefficient, and so the components have been uncoupled (the CPU works at a speed; the system bus and the memory bus work at two different speed, since memory transfers usually needs to be a lot faster).

Then there is something called "multipliers", which is simply circuits that multiply or divide a clock signal: 166 Mhz with an 8x multiplier is a complex way of saying 1328 Mhz (sometimes, though, two components work with the same clock but different multipliers, so it can be useful to know about the "base" clock speed).

With today's PCs, you'll hear the terms "clock speed", "FSB [Front Side Bus] speed" and "bus speed" (PCI / AGP / misc). I'm not 100% sure I'm telling you the right things, but "clock speed" is the CPU speed (base clock * multiplier), "FSB speed" is the memory bus speed (the base clock with no multiplier, if I recall correctly), and bus speed is bus speed, i.e. 66MHz for the PCI bus.

Look at the FSB article, at a quick glance it seems to give decent information. Also clock speed, which doesn't seem to be very detailed though.

Frieda ha modificato l'articolo sul milanese sulla Wikipedia italiana, eliminando ancora una volta i termini "lingua" e "varietà" per sostituirli con "dialetto". Ho scritto un paio di righe al riguardo sulla talkpage dell'articolo. Se ci vuoi dare un'occhiata... a me pare proprio che il modo in cui viene gestita la questione su it.wiki non abbia il minimo senso.

LjL 15:24, 20 Jun 2005 (UTC)

RfA for Kemmótar
The RfA you made for Kemmótar has not been properly formatted or accepted by the nominee. Please follow Requests for adminship/nominate carefully. I have removed the RfA from WP:RFA. --Durin 18:20, 2 November 2005 (UTC)

RfA for Kemmótar
The RfA you made for Kemmótar has not been properly formatted or accepted by the nominee. Please follow Requests for adminship/nominate carefully. I have removed the RfA from WP:RFA. --Durin 18:25, 2 November 2005 (UTC)

fi:Kenkänokka and מנעלן
Greetings,

I would like to compare the featured article fi:Kenkänokka with the corresponding Hebrew article he:מנעלן. Unfortunately I know no Finnish. Could you please have a look on both articles dealing with this wonderful bird, so we'd know what's missing in either article?

Thanks in advance, Lior 05:36, 20 April 2007 (UTC)

Eastern Lombard related articles
I read on your UserPage that you are a linguist and that you have studied the Lombard language. Well, I wrote the most part of the article on Eastern Lombard and Eastern Lombard grammar, but, as I'm not a linguist, I'm pretty sure that a real linguist would find a lot of imprecisions. I am just an Eastern Lombard mothertongue (from Brescia) and I tried to describe my language as accurately I could on the basis of my rather scarce knowledge of linguistics. Would you be interested in taking a look to these articles and improve it giving them a more scientific cut? Thank you in advance, -- Ninonino 08:13, 15 June 2007 (UTC)

Re-opened Wikipedia Ainu proposal
Greetings, I noticed your interest in the Wikipedia Ainu proposal in the 2005-2006 timeframe, and am writing to let you know I have brought it back up for discussion at m:Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Ainu 2. I hope this is of interest to you! MatthewVanitas (talk) 19:38, 10 June 2012 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
Hi, You appear to be eligible to vote in the current Arbitration Committee election. The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to enact binding solutions for disputes between editors, primarily related to serious behavioural issues that the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the ability to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail. If you wish to participate, you are welcome to review the candidates' statements and submit your choices on the voting page. For the Election committee, MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 22:12, 30 November 2015 (UTC)

Isabelle de Charrière
Hello Jorgengb. Could you write/translate the article of Isabelle de Charrière (Q123386) for the Norwegian wikipedia? See https://snl.no/Isabelle_de_Charri%C3%A8re That would be appreciated. Boss-well63 (talk) 14:01, 25 January 2020 (UTC)

Your submission at Articles for creation: Paolo De Benedetti (February 28)
 Your recent article submission to Articles for Creation has been reviewed! Unfortunately, it has not been accepted at this time. The reason left by Sulfurboy was:

Please check the submission for any additional comments left by the reviewer. You are encouraged to edit the submission to address the issues raised and resubmit when they have been resolved.

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Sulfurboy (talk) 04:57, 28 February 2020 (UTC)

Concern regarding Draft:Paolo De Benedetti
Hello, Jorgengb. This is a bot-delivered message letting you know that Draft:Paolo De Benedetti, a page you created, has not been edited in at least 5 months. Draft space is not an indefinite storage location for content that is not appropriate for article space.

If your submission is not edited soon, it could be nominated for deletion under CSD G13. If you would like to attempt to save it, you will need to improve it. You may request userfication of the content if it meets requirements.

If the deletion has already occured, instructions on how you may be able to retrieve it are available here.

Thank you for your submission to Wikipedia. FireflyBot (talk) 01:01, 5 May 2021 (UTC)

Your draft article, Draft:Paolo De Benedetti

Hello, Jorgengb. It has been over six months since you last edited the Articles for Creation submission or Draft page you started, "Paolo De Benedetti".

In accordance with our policy that Wikipedia is not for the indefinite hosting of material deemed unsuitable for the encyclopedia mainspace, the draft has been deleted. If you plan on working on it further and you wish to retrieve it, you can request its undeletion. An administrator will, in most cases, restore the submission so you can continue to work on it.

Thanks for your submission to Wikipedia, and happy editing. Liz Read! Talk! 06:49, 12 July 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jorgengb


text:
Category:Presidents of Latvia

 * See also:

title: Category:Presidents of Latvia


text: Category:Text editors

title: Category:Text editors


text: User talk:68.55.95.25

title: User talk:68.55.95.25


text:
Talk:Flying car

Proposal: Split up the list into those which have flown, have not flown, and are theoretical
We should split the list into three subheadings or three separate lists all on this page: Thoughts, feelings? Workshopping subtitles? This delineation would go a long way towards not misleading our readers about prototypes, disputed flying machines, and theoretical designs which only exist on paper. — Shibboleth ink  (♔ ♕) 13:36, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * "Models with recorded flight"
 * "Designs that never flew"
 * "Still under development"
 * Tagging @Steelpillow, @AndyTheGrump, @Chipmunkdavis, @Nigel Ish, @M.nelson, @ජපස, @Ahunt, @Blueboar, @Rhododendrites from FT/N. — Shibboleth ink  (♔ ♕) 13:38, 6 November 2022 (UTC)

 * No particular problem with that, as a general principle. I'd merely note that the evidence that Whitehead's machine meets any of them is questionable, in that little in the way of RS-based evidence has been offered that it was even intended to have significant on-road capability. The engine-powered wheels seem to have been a launch-assist mechanism. AndyTheGrump (talk) 13:42, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * I thought I’d read somewhere that the road capability was to allow the machine to transport itself to a launch site rather than as a means of transporting people, but (of course) I can’t find it now. Can anyone more familiar with the subject and sources help? Not sure how this would affect the machine’s status. Brunton (talk) 15:49, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Yes, such a vehicle is nowadays often described as a "roadable aircraft". Both these and obvious flying cars are rare and there is no clear dividing line between them; as such it is fairly common to treat both under the same umbrella, and the article lead explicitly states that it is doing so. This does not affect the vehicle's status here in any way. — Cheers, Steelpillow (Talk) 16:10, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Actually, it doesn’t quite make that clear, referring to both as vehicles that “function both as a personal car or automobile and as an aircraft“. Brunton (talk) 16:25, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Inclusion requires sources to justify it. AndyTheGrump (talk) 16:27, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Brunton@undefined There is no requirement for a roadable aircraft to be a practical automobile for day-to-day use. As long as it can be driven on the roads, that is enough. If you can find a better form of words, please do. — Cheers, Steelpillow (Talk) 17:03, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * OK, I’ve come up with a form of words that says that. Brunton (talk) 19:38, 6 November 2022 (UTC)

 * I think there are two approaches that need to be reconciled here. A great many aviation books cover both flown and unflown types without any special indication outside the individual entries. The Putnam's series of monographs on British aircraft manufacturers are a good example. Other books are dedicated to flying types or the cancelled projects, though there is often modest spillover. Nobody makes a big fuss once one gets past the book's title. These professionally-produced books are the way they are for a reason, and the bunch of aviation enthusiasts here tend to follow that resource base for much the same reasons. On the other hand, a visitor to Wikipedia may have no such background. They may be confused to find a list of "aircraft", some of which are real and some of which are mere design studies or useless hulks. Separating out the one from the other is very helpful to them. The question here is, can we achieve that cleanly in a single list, or is it better to split up the list? One problem with a split is that every visitor wants a different one. Some would want rotorcraft, fixed wings and powered lift separated. Others would want them listed by date or, like an index, alphabetically so they can easily find the one that interests them. This led to the adoption of sortable tables, such as the present one. Frankly, if we split it for one group of readers we will upset all the other groups. We could look at improving some of the columns to give a better fly/no-fly separation (currently requires reference to both the Status and Notes), but I would not recommend any actual split. There is also an ongoing discussion by the Aircraft WikiProject about the implications of this issue across all the aircraft articles. — Cheers, Steelpillow (Talk) 14:15, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * One problem with a split is that every visitor wants a different one. Some would want rotorcraft, fixed wings and powered lift separated. Others would want them listed by date or, like an index, alphabetically so they can easily find the one that interests them. This led to the adoption of sortable tables, such as the present one. Frankly, if we split it for one group of readers we will upset all the other groups Do not let the perfect be the enemy of the good. I see no evidence of anyone being upset by the delineations you describe. — Shibboleth ink  (♔ ♕) 14:23, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Covering a topic within a book is a very different matter to putting items into a simple list. I don't think anyone has suggested removing discussion of failed prototypes from the article (supposing of course they have due weight). CMD (talk) 14:54, 6 November 2022 (UTC)

If there is a source which calls something a "flying car" and it was able to actually fly, I think that's what a naive reader like myself would expect to see delineated. Other failed attempts or prototypes or bizarre claims can also be included, but it needs to be much clearer than the current free for all. Split it up or make sure that we are very upfront in the section title so that we can tell what is included in the list. That would help this naive reader the most. jps (talk) 15:16, 6 November 2022 (UTC)

 * Just a thought. If the sortable Status entries were changed to say "Flown", "Failed to fly" and "Unbuilt", it would be a quick and easy check on whether the full split was really necessary. Worth a try? — Cheers, Steelpillow (Talk) 15:46, 6 November 2022 (UTC)

 * Yes, that would surely make it clear and keep all the entries in 1 table too. -Fnlayson (talk) 15:50, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * I don't think having all the entries in 1 table is necessarily a virtue. If they are all in one section but in multiple tables or subsections, very little is lost. As a naive reader, I primarily want to know whether each "flying machine" actually "flew." — Shibboleth ink  (♔ ♕) 15:52, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * I have updated the status values. Does this meet our needs? — Cheers, Steelpillow (Talk) 16:38, 6 November 2022 (UTC)

 * It doesn't meet the need to determine whether Whitehead's machine should be considered an attempted 'flying car' at all. Where is the RS to support this? Sources that suggest Whitehead intended it to function as an automobile, as well as an aircraft? AndyTheGrump (talk) 16:43, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Disregarding the obvious Whitehead fan site, the HuffPost source states that "[Whitehead] purportedly took aloft a flying car of his own design". A source used earlier in the article, the December 1981 Popular Mechanics, states that "[Stanley Y.] Beech described the plane as self-powered on the ground, like an automobile" and later explicitly describes the aircraft as a "flying automobile" (here it is on Internet Archive). -  ZLEA  T \ C 17:56, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Thank you, I knew I had seen it somewhere. — Cheers, Steelpillow (Talk) 18:22, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * @ZLEA Agreed, in the absence of RSes which directly contradict, this is sufficient to describe the Whitehead device as a flying car. Doesn't mean it flew, which is the essence of why we need better delineation here of which ones did and did not. — Shibboleth ink  (♔ ♕) 18:25, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * I don't think the HuffPost is the best of sources for aviation history - that citation is of much more use for its discussion of Jackson, and of subsequent responses. The relevant content in the Popular Mechanics article appears to be a precis of earlier material, from the Bridgeport Sunday Herald of 1901. A source given little credibility in subsequent assessments. It seems likely this description is from the "single flawed news article" that the RAeS was so dismissive of in its report on the Jane's piece of 2013. We really need more recent sources discussing the roadgoing merits of the machine, in my opinion. AndyTheGrump (talk) 18:27, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * @Steelpillow I would still heavily prefer separate lists delineated by whether or not they actually flew, this does not meet my needs or (I would guess), the needs of others who have responded similarly. — Shibboleth ink  (♔ ♕) 18:24, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * Personally I prefer a single sortable list format over a bunch of different lists in the same article, based on differing status. - Ahunt (talk) 19:03, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * and I think I would be happy if a consensus here clearly showed that a delineating column in the table is enough, and multiple tables is too much. I would disagree, but I am always happy to respect a clear consensus against me. — Shibboleth ink  (♔ ♕) 19:41, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * I think the list as it is now, with a column clearly stating whether or not they flew, is adequate. Brunton (talk) 19:49, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * I agree. I doubt the average reader would find the current list structure confusing.  If it ain't broke, don't fix it. -  ZLEA  T \ C 22:40, 6 November 2022 (UTC)
 * I also agree. — Cheers, Steelpillow (Talk) 10:04, 7 November 2022 (UTC)
 * I agree with Ahunt but perhaps we can find something better then "Failed to Fly" like "Not Flown" or something. MilborneOne (talk) 17:00, 7 November 2022 (UTC)
 * I think those are importantly two different things. A design you never tried to fly would be the latter, but one you tried and failed could more neutrally be described as "Unsuccessful attempts" or something like that — Shibboleth ink  (♔ ♕) 17:13, 7 November 2022 (UTC)
 * I did find this an issue when updating the table. We can always add more status values, such as "Built (not flown)" or whatever. There is a danger with more values that alphabetical sorting would no longer give clean groupings of similar statuses, while adding a sort key would confuse readers who assume alphabetical sorting. And we could end up with either wordy status entries that mess up the display, or short ones where we need to explain that "not flown" means not tried to fly and excludes failures, etc. etc. But yes, this built-not-flown was the main issue I came across, so maybe just a fourth value can be included. Any better suggestions for its wording? — Cheers, Steelpillow (Talk) 17:33, 7 November 2022 (UTC)
 * To be honest I don't think we need to delineate more than "built, not flown" and "not flown". I think flown, not flown, and not built are perfectly fine. (edited 21:08, 7 November 2022 (UTC)) — Shibboleth ink  (♔ ♕) 17:36, 7 November 2022 (UTC)

My apologies, the distinction would need be between no attempt made and failed when attempted. Possibly replacing "Not flown" with "Built (not flown)" and "Failed to fly". — Cheers, Steelpillow (Talk) 18:19, 7 November 2022 (UTC)
 * I think the point MilborneOne is making is that "Failed to fly" is ? wrt WP:NPOV — Shibboleth ink  (♔ ♕) 18:32, 7 November 2022 (UTC)
 * However "not flown" does not make the distinction between hangar queens and those which actively refused to take off. The former have unknown capability, the latter have it all too painfully known. Certainly, "Failed to fly" does not cover the former. It is a standard enough distinction, and I wonder if it might be what has in mind. — Cheers, Steelpillow (Talk) 19:05, 7 November 2022 (UTC)
 * "Failed to fly" didnt seem to be that useful in the table (it could have stayed in the hangar and failed to fly). Really only need "Not Built", Not Flown and Flown. MilborneOne (talk) 21:06, 7 November 2022 (UTC)

Proposed merge of Passenger drone into Flying car
Evident duplicate article under an obscure synonym; also overlaps heavily with Air taxi. –LaundryPizza03 ( d c̄ ) 19:02, 22 October 2023 (UTC)
 * Both terms are not obscure synonyms. A flying car is intended for use both as a road vehicle and as an aircraft, whereas most passenger drones are not intended for road operations, but nonetheless serve a similar purpose to road taxis.  Passenger drone does need a lot of work, but I don't think merging it with this article is the right move.  Furthermore, while many sources do refer to passenger drones as "air taxis", the Air taxi article covers an entirely separate topic of the same name regarding a type of service provided by some small airlines, so merging with that article would not be right either. -  ZLEA  T \ C 19:39, 22 October 2023 (UTC)
 * I have rewritten the lead in that case, since it failed to properly define the topic. It is still very essay-like. –LaundryPizza03 ( d c̄ ) 23:24, 22 October 2023 (UTC)
 * AGAINST and WP:SNOW. Per . A flying car doubles as a road vehicle, a passenger drone does not. Passenger drones are more a part of the autonomous air vehicle/personal air vehicle crossover space, you might find a better merge target in there somewhere. — Cheers, Steelpillow (Talk) 12:22, 23 October 2023 (UTC)
 * Per above comments, as defined in their respective articles these are two different concepts, making a merge inappropriate. AndyTheGrump (talk) 13:23, 23 October 2023 (UTC)

Conceptual misunderstanding
The concept of a flying car is in NO WAY a roadable aircraft. In fact it is not supposed to drive. It is a car which flies INSTEAD of drives, as predicted by Gyro Gearloose and the Jetsons, not to mention science fiction in general. It should be something which directly can replace a car as a general commuter vehicle, but which flies instead of drives. It should take of from your house and fly directly to your work. It requires a completely new kind of technology to work, and we do not have this technology at all. Having an actual car stupidly suspended from a wing is not a flying car, other than there's a car and it is indeed flying, but is an aircraft with a car attached to it. 217.74.144.6 (talk) 17:09, 11 February 2024 (UTC)

 * What recommendations do you have for improving the article? --jpgordon𝄢𝄆𝄐𝄇 17:19, 11 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Also, what reliable sources do you have to support your narrow use of the English language? — Cheers, Steelpillow (Talk) 18:28, 11 February 2024 (UTC)
 * You have to understand that there is a reason it's called science fiction. While science fiction may have predicted certain technologies that have made their way into reality, the current accepted definition of "flying car" is a vehicle that is capable of both flight and driving on a road.  That is how most reliable sources define it. -  ZLEA  T \ C 00:58, 12 February 2024 (UTC)
 * The conceptual misunderstanding that is being proposed is quite frankly referring to an urban plane and is in no way a flying car. To disprove that misunderstanding the supplied article confirms the types of flying taxis and vehicles that help inspire the further development of truly flying cars and supplies designs and the current development of hybrid vehicles that fly and drive with proper folding capacity. While it still remains to be science fiction currently, with proper development and funding flying cars is not an impossibility. --MordredPhantom

Contradictory info
Under design, the first paragraph says "able to fly without a fully qualified pilot at the controls". Then in a lower sub-heading, it says "The person controlling the vehicle must also be licensed as both driver and pilot". Which is it?
 * It's important to read the first sentence in context. "For mass adoption, it will also need to be ... able to fly without a fully qualified pilot at the controls."  That doesn't mean that all flying cars are capable of flying without a qualified pilot, just that it would not be feasible for a flying car available for mass adoption to require a qualified pilot.  Most, if not all flying cars built to this day were either prototypes or were produced in limited numbers partially for that reason. -  ZLEA  T \ C 14:51, 31 May 2024 (UTC)

 * If I may suggest: Rewording would be helpful. As written, the text certainly implies machines that are self-flying. How about: "For mass adoption, it will also need to be environmentally friendly, flown by a person who is not a fully qualified pilot and have an affordable price and operating costs." DonFB (talk) 21:41, 31 May 2024 (UTC)
 * I think the current sentence is appropriate. Instead of changing it, I inserted a sentence on the current state of play. — Cheers, Steelpillow (Talk) 12:03, 1 June 2024 (UTC)
 * It remains ambiguous. Is the phrase "without a fully qualified pilot at the controls" supposed to mean that mass adoption can happen only if the vehicle can fly without anyone at the controls, or that a non-qualified person will be allowed to fly it? Or both? DonFB (talk) 21:50, 1 June 2024 (UTC)
 * Both - and any other variations we might not have thought of. We have no idea how it might pan out, so the less we confuse ourselves about it all the better. — Cheers, Steelpillow (Talk) 14:29, 2 June 2024 (UTC)
 * "...it would also need to be environmentally friendly, able to fly with or without a fully qualified pilot at the controls...." avoiding the suggestion that all mass-adopted machines will fly with no one at the controls. Or, consider: "...able to fly autonomously or with a person at the controls who is not a fully qualified pilot...." DonFB (talk) 05:37, 3 June 2024 (UTC)
 * I have no problem with whatever phrasing is used, provided it is grammatical and does not rule out any options. Whatever floats your boat (or flies your car!) — Cheers, Steelpillow (Talk) 09:56, 3 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Flying car


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