text:
Mass media in Japan

The mass media in Japan include numerous television and radio networks as well as newspapers and magazines in Japan. For the most part, television networks were established based on capital investments by existing radio networks. Variety shows, serial dramas, and news constitute a large percentage of Japanese evening shows.

Western movies are also shown, many with a subchannel for English. There are all-English television channels on cable and satellite (with Japanese subtitles).

TV networks
There are 6 nationwide television networks, as follows:
 * NHK is a public service broadcaster. The company is financed through "viewer fees," similar to the licence fee system used in the UK to fund the BBC. NHK deliberately maintains neutral reporting as a public broadcast station, even refusing to mention commodity brand names. NHK has 2 terrestrial TV channels, unlike the other TV networks (in the Tokyo region—channel 1 (NHK General TV) and channel 3 (NHK Educational TV)).
 * Nippon Television Network System (NNS)/Nippon News Network (NNN) headed by Nippon Television (NTV). In the Tokyo region, channel 4. Affiliated with the Yomiuri Shimbun newspaper.
 * The Tokyo Broadcasting System holding company owns the Tokyo Broadcasting System (TBS) station (which is broadcast nationally) and the Japan News Network (JNN) which supplies news programming to TBS and other affiliates. In the Tokyo region, channel 6. Affiliated with the Mainichi Shimbun newspaper. Chubu-Nippon Broadcasting Co., Ltd., a quasi-key station in Nagoya, is related to the Chunichi Shimbun newspaper.
 * Fuji Network System (FNS) and the Fuji News Network (FNN) share the flagship station Fuji Television. In the Tokyo region, channel 8. Part of the Fujisankei Communications Group, a keiretsu. Tokai TV, a quasi-key station in Nagoya, is related to the Chunichi Shimbun newspaper.
 * TV Asahi Network/All-Nippon News Network (ANN) headed by TV Asahi. Affiliated with the Asahi Shimbun newspaper, which owns Nearly 25% of the station. In the Tokyo region, channel 5.
 * TV Tokyo Network (TXN) headed by TV Tokyo. Owned by Nikkei, Inc. In the Tokyo region, channel 7.

In addition, there is the Japanese Association of Independent Television Stations (JAITS), which consists of independent stations in the three major metropolitan areas (excluding Ibaraki, Shizuoka, and Osaka), and includes TV stations affiliated with the Chunichi Shimbun newspaper such as Tokyo MX and TV Kanagawa.

AM radio

 * 1) NHK Radio 1, NHK Radio 2
 * 2) Japan Radio Network (JRN)—Flagship Station: TBS radio (TBSラジオ)
 * 3) National Radio Network (NRN)—Flagship Stations: Nippon Cultural Broadcasting (文化放送) and Nippon Broadcasting System (ニッポン放送)
 * 4) Radio Nikkei is an independent shortwave station broadcasts nationwide with two services.

FM radio

 * 1) NHK-FM
 * 2) Japan FM Network (JFN)—Tokyo FM Broadcasting Co.,ltd.
 * 3) Japan FM League—J-Wave Inc.
 * 4) MegaNet—FM Interwave (InterFM)

Social media
Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and Line, are the leading used media platforms in the Japanese industry. Line is an app used for instant communication on electronic devices. Statistics show that Facebook use in Japan is at 47.75%, X (formerly Twitter) use is at 19.33%, YouTube use is at 13.9%, Pinterest use is at 10.69%, Instagram use is at 4.93%, and Tumblr use is at 2.29%. In Japan, as of 2017, nearly 100% of residents are online, smartphone use is reaching 80%, and some form of social media is being used by over half of the population.

Weekly magazines

 * 1) Aera (アエラ) – Centre-left
 * 2) Friday (フライデー) – photo magazine
 * 3) Josei Jishin (女性自身) – for women
 * 4) Nikkei Business (日経ビジネス) – economic
 * 5) Shūkan Asahi (週刊朝日). Liberal.
 * 6) Shūkan Economist (週刊エコノミスト). Economic
 * 7) Shūkan Kinyoubi (週刊金曜日). Far-left.
 * 8) Shūkan Bunshun (週刊文春). Conservative
 * 9) Shūkan Diamond (週刊ダイヤモンド). Economic
 * 10) Shūkan Gendai (週刊現代)　Liberal.
 * 11) Shūkan Josei (週刊女性). For women
 * 12) Shūkan Post (週刊ポスト). Conservative
 * 13) Shūkan Shinchō (週刊新潮). Conservative
 * 14) Shūkan Toyo Keizai (週刊東洋経済). Economic
 * 15) Spa! (スパ!). Conservative
 * 16) Sunday Mainichi (サンデー毎日).　Liberal

Monthly magazines

 * 1) Bungei Shunjuu (文藝春秋). Conservative.
 * 2) Chuuou Kouron (中央公論).  Affiliated with the Yomiuri Shimbun. Conservative.
 * 3) Seiron (正論). Published by the Sankei Shimbun Company. Conservative.
 * 4) Sekai (世界). Progressive.

Major papers

 * 1) Yomiuri Shimbun (読売新聞). Conservative. First ranked in daily circulation at around 7 million per day. The Yomiuri exchanged a special contract with The Times. Affiliated with Nippon Television. Nikkatsu Film is a grandchild company.
 * 2) Asahi Shimbun (朝日新聞). Liberal, Third way. Second ranked in daily circulation at around 5 million copies per day. Group companies include Toei (de facto), Asahi Broadcasting Company, TV Asahi, and Asahi Net.
 * 3) Mainichi Shimbun (毎日新聞). Centre-left, Keynesian. Fifth ranked in daily circulation—around 2 million per day. Although the capital tie-up with Mainichi Broadcasting System / Tokyo Broadcasting System has been dissolved, it is still a friendship company that exchanges employees and cooperates with the press. In 2020, the circulation was overtaken by the Chunichi Shimbun alone (Tōkai version), which does not include the Tokyo Shimbun. Deep relationship with Kodansha and Shochiku Film.
 * 4) Nikkei Shimbun (日本経済新聞). Conservative, Economic liberal with more centre-right. Fourth ranked in daily circulation at around 2 million copies per day. Economic paper in the style of The Wall Street Journal. Affiliated with TV Tokyo.
 * 5) Sankei Shimbun (産経新聞). Right-wing. Sankei Shimbun also publishes Sankei Sports and the tabloid Yukan Fuji. It belongs to the Fujisankei Communications Group, a media conglomerate.

Regional papers

 * Chunichi Shimbun/Tokyo Shimbun (中日新聞/東京新聞). Center-left to left-wing. Largest regional paper. Third ranked in daily circulation at around 2 million copies per day. In the Kanto region, the group publishes Tokyo Shimbun(東京新聞). Chunichi Shimbun is published in most of the Chubu and Kanto regions, and is a leading newspaper based in Nagoya.

Other nationally known regional papers include Nishinippon Shimbun (西日本新聞) in Kyushu, Hokkaido Shimbun (北海道新聞) in Hokkaido, Chugoku Shimbun (中国新聞) in Chugoku.

Specialty papers
Among niche newspapers are publications like the widely circulated Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun (The Business and Technology Daily News), the Buddhist organization Sōka Gakkai's daily Seikyo Shimbun (聖教新聞), and Shimbun Akahata, the daily organ of the Japanese Communist Party. Other niches include papers devoted entirely to predicting the results of horse races. One of the best-known papers in the genre is Keiba Book (競馬ブック). Shūkan Go (週刊碁) is a weekly newspaper that covers the results of professional Go tournaments and contains hints on Go strategy.

As in other countries, surveys tend to show that the number of newspaper subscribers is declining, a trend which is expected to continue.

Claims of media bias
Claims of media bias in Japanese newspapers and the mainstream media in general are often seen on blogs and right-leaning Internet forums, where the "mass media" (masu-komi in Japanese) are often referred to as "mass garbage" (masu-gomi). Signs with this epithet were carried by demonstrators in Tokyo on 24 October 2010, at what was reportedly the first demonstration in Japan to be organized on Twitter. Among the general public, the credibility of the press suffered after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant crisis, when reporters failed to press government and industry sources for more information, and official reports turned out to be inaccurate or simply wrong. Kazuo Hizumi, a journalist turned lawyer, details structural problems in his book, 「マスコミはなぜマスゴミと呼ばれるのか？」, "Masukomi wa naze masugomi to yobareru no ka?", ("Why is mass media called mass garbage?"), which argues that a complex network of institutions, such as elite bureaucrats, judiciary, education system, law enforcement, and large corporations, all of whom stand to gain from maintaining the status quo, shapes the mass media and communication in a way that controls Japanese politics and discourages critical thinking.

Key stations: television and radio
In Japan, there are five broadcasting stations which take the lead in the network of commercial broadcasting. The five stations are Nippon Television, Tokyo Broadcasting System, Fuji Television, TV Asahi, and TV Tokyo. Their head offices are in Tokyo, and they are called zaikyō kī kyoku (在京キー局, Key stations in Tokyo) or kī kyoku (キー局, Key stations).

The key stations make news shows and entertainment programs, and wholesale them to local broadcasting stations through the networks. Although local broadcasting stations also manufacture programs, the usage of the key stations is very large, and 55.7% of the TV program total sales in the 2002 fiscal year (April 2002 to March 2003) were sold by the key stations. Furthermore, the networks are strongly connected with newspaper publishing companies, and they influence the media very strongly. For this reason, they are often criticized.

In addition, there is CS broadcasting and Internet distribution by the subsidiaries of the key stations. The definition of key station has changed a little in recent years.

Outline
In Japan, every broadcasting company (except NHK and Radio Nikkei) which performs terrestrial television broadcasts has an appointed broadcast region. In Article 2 of the Japanese Broadcasting Law (放送法), the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications defines the fixed zone where the broadcast of the same program for every classification of broadcast is simultaneously receivable. So, the broadcasting company constructs a network with other regions, and with this network establishes the exchange of news or programs. The broadcasting companies which send out many programs to these networks are called key stations.

Presently the broadcasting stations located in Tokyo send out the programs for the whole country. However, although Tokyo MX is in the Tokyo region, it is only a Tokyo region UHF independent station.

Broadcasting stations in Nagoya and other areas are older than those in Tokyo. However, in order to meet the large costs of making programs key stations were established in Tokyo to sell programs nationwide. Some local stations have a higher profit ratio since they can merely buy programs from the networks.

Sub-key stations
Since the broadcasting stations which assign the head offices in Kansai region (especially in Osaka) have a program supply frame at prime time etc. and sent out many programs subsequently to kī kyoku, they are called jun kī kyoku (準キー局,sub-key stations).

Advertising agencies

 * 1) Dentsu (電通).  The largest advertising agency in Japan, and the fourth-largest worldwide. Dentsu has an enormous presence in television and other media, and has strong ties to the legislative branch of government.
 * 2) Hakuhodo (博報堂). The second-largest Japanese advertising agency. Advertisement agencies under its umbrella include Daiko (大広) and Yomiko Advertising (読売広告社, Yomiuri Kōkokusha). Also known as Showgate, the film production division.
 * 3) CyberAgent (サイバーエージェント, Saibā Ējento) The third-largest Japanese advertising agency, that is mainly Internet advertising.
 * 4) Asatsu-DK (アサツー ディ・ケイ). The fourth-largest Japanese advertising agency. a subsidiary of Bain Capital, LP.

Wire services

 * 1) Jiji Press (時事通信).
 * 2) Kyodo News (共同通信).
 * 3) Radio Press (ラヂオプレス)

title: Mass media in Japan


text:
Talk:Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In

Comment
Wasn't the show revived in the later 70s? Seems to me that was one of Robin Williams' first shows. PBrain 17:04, 3 May 2004 (UTC)

 * In fact it was. I added a couple of sentences about it, but didn't add anything to the first sentence; couldn't decide if the addition would be helpful or not. PBrain

There is something slightly suspicious about an entry on Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In that makes not a single mention of Goldie Hawn. Not only was she one of the, quite possibly *the*, most memorable cast members from the series (I'm speaking as a male teenager at that time), but has also since become the most well-known and successful of those appearing. Why, the reader is forced to speculate, has she been totally omitted from the entry?

The omission, together with the lack of citations, suggests that the entry is a publicity concoction, as seems so often to be the case for entries about 'celebrities', politicians and others in the public eye.

 * the anon editor posted the comment above on March 7. On the version of this article that existed on that day, Goldie was mentioned six times. Just for the record. Lambertman (talk) 14:38, 11 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Good to see that the omission has been rectified. At the time the posting was made there were *no* references to Goldie Hawn in the body of the article.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.133.15.192 (talk) 13:58, 25 July 2008 (UTC)

Goodnight, Dick
Quote: 'At the end of every show, Dan Rowan turned to his co-host and said, "It's time to say good-night, Dick," to which Martin replied, "Good-night, Dick" (reprising a bit from the old George Burns and Gracie Allen radio show).'

I think this may not be accurate. The "Goodnight, Dick" running gag certainly consciously evoked the Burns and Allen gag, but at least as Burns and Allen played it on their television show (I can't speak to the radio show), it worked quite differently. As Allen reached some apogee of absurdity in her prompted monologue, Burns would seem to cut her off by saying "Say goodnight, Gracie." Allen would then simply say "Goodnight", the gag being the reversal of the expectation that, ditsy as she was, she would take Burns's instruction literally.

I think I'll go ahead with an edit of "reprising" to "varying". Any further explanation seems to unbalance the entry.

Best to all, MIchael 12:26, 4 May 2007 (UTC)Douglas Michael Massing

They may not have mimicked George and Gracie exactly, but I came across an audio clip of an old radio program that Groucho & Chico Marx did the exact same joke. As Groucho was addressing the audience at the end of the program, he said "Say Goodnight, Chico." and Chico said "Goodnight, Chico." and got a nice big laugh from it. That's more likely to be the inspiration of Rowan & Martin's bit, because it was the exact same joke. Gracie would say "Goodnight", she didn't say "Goodnight, Gracie". I don't know any more detail of the Marx Bros program, but it was on a 2002 CD called The Golden Age of Comedy and it was made up of several Marx Brothers pieces, and the one that had the Goodnight joke was called Hollywood Agents, and was the first clip.

Groucho says: "And so, my friends, for Raymond Page and myself, I say...Goodnight. Say Goodnight, Chico"

Chico says: "Goodnight, Chico"

66.222.33.154 (talk) 22:52, 1 January 2015 (UTC)

extensive use of video tape editing on Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In
wasnt this shows use of the then relatively new video tape editing capability something that should be discussed/detailed here? each show had what must have been thousands of very complicated edits that would have been near impossible to do with film....it was a wonderful aspect of the show....i remember watching it as a kid (i was about age 10 or 12 at the time) and being totally amazed by the huge numbers of extremely quick edits in every episode....it was hynotizing....and of course we had no vcr's back then to freeze frame or re-run those segments..if u missed something, too bad!

also worth mentioning here (if its accurate) >>> i think this may have been one of the 1st tv shows to be done exclusively on videotape....

all in all, it was a great show in so many aspects!...it always brings back many fond memories for me..... 1/7/05 comments by paul m

Under the heading-Other Celebrities Who Have guest-starred-Werner Klemperer, under Trivia, the fifth item relates to Werner's being asked to be Grand Marshal of the nationally televised Portland, Oregon Rose Parade, not a Memorial Day Parade in a California Town. The Jewish Community in Portland raised a stink, and Werner declined to participate.

 * Legacy or Influence section? Quick video editing is exactly why I came here, to see if the show was noted for making quick edits popular.  I also expected to see a "Legacy" section like you see in many influential movies or ideas, and Laugh-In certainly was an icon of 70s TV.  Let's write a section!  I need to find some sources before I can start anything.

 * After some review, the Post-Production section does mention the pioneering use of the jump cut in TV, but I still think the artcile warrants a legacy section. I also need to consult the Style Manual, since I know Trivia sections are discouraged, but I would doubt that legacy or Influence sections are discouraged. Spalding (talk) 15:06, 22 December 2013 (UTC)

Is this a factual error?
Under Memorable cast members/guests and their running gags, a pun on Ravi Shankar, dressed in a nehru jacket is mentioned. The link on Ravi shankar led me to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Sri_Ravi_Shankar

According to the articles in question, Laugh-in was stopped airing in 1973, and I presume the shows relating to pun on Ravi Shankar happenned before that. But according to the article on Ravi shankar, he started his Art of Living foundation and commenced giving his disclosures only after 1982.

If this is a factual error, or an incorrect link, please rectify it.

Wiki is just great!!!

 * The Ravi Shankar that's used as a pun in this instance isn't the one you linked to, but instead is the Ravi Shankar that worked with the Beatles during their psychedelic period by playing the sitar on Sg. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band.
 * Secondly, please try to sign your name at the end of talk page comments. Edman 05:01, 13 June 2007 (UTC)
 * Speaking of factual error, please list the Beatle tracks on which Ravi Shankar performed. Can’t wait... 2001:44B8:3102:BB00:D960:C232:4403:BE27 (talk) 06:51, 13 May 2020 (UTC)
 * Edited the link to point to Ravi Shankar, the musician, as above Trugster | Talk 12:58, 3 February 2008 (UTC)

Judy Carne in 3rd season
This has been my longtime theory - of which I have nothing in the way of hard evidence to back it up - as to why Judy left the show yet still "made appearances"; the picture quality of the series seems to improve markedly at the turn of the year to 1970, but clips with Carne still appear 1969-level grainy. I am of the opinion that she left after filming x amount of appearances, which were then parceled out to fill the season. (there's a sketch in particular where she's at a restaurant being the only person in a large crowd to not get rained on, only to get it socked to her at the end, after which she says "here we go again!" It aired later in the season, but it would have made more sense to have been in the first episode. Lambertman (talk) 20:46, 10 August 2008 (UTC)

Flying Fickle Finger of Fate
Has anyone ever compiled a list of each of the FFFF award winners? 68.252.62.180 (talk) 13:37, 19 January 2010 (UTC)

Lola Falana
Is it just me? I can't find her listed anywhere in this article, yet she was one of the more memorable performers appearing on the show--or so I thought at the time. And the article on Lola Falana mentions that she appeared on the show. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Grisunge (talk • contribs) 13:34, 9 December 2010 (UTC)

News of the Future predictions
The bits about "President Ronald Reagan" in 1988, and the Berlin wall being torn down in 1989 and replaced with a moat full of alligators were both included in the PBS Laugh-In special yesterday (3/5/11)... -- AnonMoos (talk) 03:22, 7 March 2011 (UTC)

 * Is this an acceptable citation for the two laugh-in predictions? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vLlWbDu30PI
 * 71.185.58.79 (talk) 17:38, 31 March 2013 (UTC)

Unbelievagable!
I have a fond memory of Arte Johnson in his Wolfgang role (I think) regularly using the expression "unbelievagable!" or possibly "unbiggalievagable!" - does anyone else have this recollection? I use it quite often when joking around. I've never been able to find a reference to it and I haven't heard it used by anyone else before or since. AllanJH (talk) 11:45, 24 October 2011 (UTC)

 * Good memory - I watched the reruns extensively in the '80s and I remember those Wolfgang sequences. I think they were only used in one episode, though. 12:14, 11 June 2012 (UTC)

Unbelievagable may have been a catch phrase of Misterjaw, a cartoon character that Johnson voiced.Just1thing (talk) 20:52, 18 June 2016 (UTC)

Here's a breadcrumb, in a video of baseball footage from the late 70s (at 0:59): https://www.facebook.com/PhilliesHighlights/posts/1048095245631704. 2:18, 09 October 2020 (ET) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.117.208.17 (talk)

Is or was?
The lead section says it IS a TV series. Shouldn't that be WAS? I didn't make the change because maybe there is some subtlety or convention on this of which I am unaware. I often take note of which word is used for things like rock bands, etc., to see if they are still around, so it seems important which word is used. Spalding (talk) 15:18, 22 December 2013 (UTC)

 * Recently many past-tense verbs were replaced by present tense; not entirely sure why... AnonMoos (talk) 03:25, 17 January 2014 (UTC)

 * I've seen the argument that while programs like this are no longer being produced, they still exist for reruns, etc, so "is" is correct. HiLo48 (talk) 03:51, 17 January 2014 (UTC)

International broadcasts
Hello, this is the first time, that I have done, this, but I thought I would correct an in-correct statement:

[For Australia]...The series aired on Nine Network

This is not correct, because at that time [1969], Channel 0, [now the 10 network] had their studio in Nuddawading, near the cnr of Burwood Highway, and Springvale Road, Melbourne and I can remember going past the studio, with a sign up showing their top TV programs, and their most popular was "Laugh-In".

Regards. — Preceding unsigned comment added by FlashJackFromGundagai (talk • contribs) 08:36, 4 January 2015 (UTC)

Goldie Hawn's departure
I've removed the material about Goldie Hawn's departure during/after Season 2. The article also says that her departure was during Season 3, so one of the assertions had to go. Goldie Hawn shows her in Seasons 1-3, and IMDb shows her in every episode of Season 3.

I also removed the material on George Schlatter's stabs at replacing her with a succession of three other daffy blondes. Per IMDb, Pamela Rodgers was on concurrently with Hawn throughout Season 3, not as a replacement. Sarah Kennedy and Donna Jean Young were both on throughout Season 6, and only during Season 6, so the "finally" before Young's name was incorrect, as she appeared concurrently with Kennedy, not afterwards. Since Seasons 4 and 5 had gone by before the two of them were added, the connection between their arrival and Hawn's departure is unclear. The entire statement was unsourced. (I know IMDb is not considered a reliable source, but I'm using it to cast enough doubt on an unsourced claim to justify removing it, not to support a claim.) Largoplazo (talk) 06:56, 12 May 2016 (UTC)

Source for the suffix -In in the name Laugh-In:
The name is a parody of the term Sit-in, which had been in use in the civil rights and anti-war movements during recent years. The suffix -In had become a shorthand reference for a protest-driven publicity event in the same manner as the suffix -Gate (as in Watergate) would later become shorthand for a political scandal.

''My above contribution deleted from the article due to lack of sourcing. Hey, I lived it. How are you going to find a footnote for something like that?'' — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.15.171.107 (talk) 20:06, 18 June 2016 (UTC)

 * I can't help with sources, but of course you are right. Not only sit-in, but love-in, be-in, etc. Rothorpe (talk) 21:16, 18 June 2016 (UTC)

Way way way too much detail and trivia
I grew up with Laugh-in and have loving memories of it, but wikipedia is not the place to indulge such nostalgia. This article is an swamp of unsourced fanboy memories. It should be eviscerated. - DavidWBrooks (talk) 19:27, 6 April 2017 (UTC)

DVD section
The DVD section smells like marketing to me. It isn't really about the show, it's more like "here's where you can go to spend money to see the show", especially with all the trivia about special bonuses and such that come with them. Does anyone else feel we should get rid of it? Largoplazo (talk) 23:33, 10 December 2017 (UTC) Largoplazo (talk) 23:33, 10 December 2017 (UTC)

"Official" links?
What makes the links you added to the article "Official" as their names imply? Who operates these social media presences? Largoplazo (talk) 21:09, 18 January 2018 (UTC)
 * I wanted to add the YouTube one after seeing the first link went to "Get the DVD's" on TimeLife and some other miscellaneous aspects (had creator's name in videos, featured channels, quality,. . .). I thought more things would confirm "officialness", but I didn't find much. I still think it is the official with the focus only on Laugh-In. The TimeLife and George Schlatter Produtions channels also have Laugh-In videos and probably have permission to post. If you feel that is not the case, you can remove them.

"Sock it to me?" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has identified a potential problem with the redirect Sock it to me? and has thus listed it for discussion. This discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2022 March 6 until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. Shhhnotsoloud (talk) 14:09, 6 March 2022 (UTC)

Requested move 5 June 2022

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: Not Moved (non-admin closure) >>> Extorc . talk  06:39, 11 June 2022 (UTC)

Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In → Laugh-In – Per WP:COMMONNAME PhotographyEdits (talk) 20:10, 4 June 2022 (UTC)
 * This is a contested technical request (permalink). DanCherek (talk) 03:48, 5 June 2022 (UTC)

The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
 * Object to speedy move I think this should have a full discussion. From my personal experience, people frequently use the longer title. But others may disagree -- 64.229.88.43 (talk) 00:49, 5 June 2022 (UTC)
 * Oppose - The preponderance of sources (and, like IP above, my personal experience) leads me to think that the full title is the common name. -- Netoholic @ 04:54, 5 June 2022 (UTC)
 * Oppose move. The longer title is common enough.  O.N.R.  (talk) 15:52, 5 June 2022 (UTC)
 * Oppose, per common name. Randy Kryn (talk) 17:33, 5 June 2022 (UTC)
 * Oppose. This is the clear common name. -- Necrothesp (talk) 12:51, 8 June 2022 (UTC)
 * Oppose, per common name. In ictu oculi (talk) 07:17, 10 June 2022 (UTC)

Elton John
If you check the two dance party sequences in the episode with Victor Borge and The Banana Splits (Season 2, Episode 9), you will see a young Elton John sitting at the piano. 2600:1702:1F00:5EB0:FD81:386E:8BCA:F8B (talk) 19:37, 17 December 2022 (UTC)

Keel's 1966 Flying Fickle Finger of Fate novel?
What's the origin of the phrase, FFFoF? Had it already established as an expression by the mid 60s or was it coined by John Keel for his 1966 novel? OrangeCounty (talk) 21:41, 29 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Keel didn't invent the phrase, it has been around since at least the 1930's as pop slang . - LuckyLouie (talk) 22:04, 29 August 2023 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In


text:
Pearl danio

The pearl danio (Danio albolineatus) is a tropical fish belonging to the minnow family Cyprinidae. Originating in Sumatra, Myanmar, and Thailand and Vietnam ( Phu Quoc Island ),this fish is sometimes found in aquariums by fish-keeping hobbyists. It grows to a maximum length of 2.6 inches (6.5 cm) and lives for around five years. The fish could have a brownish-yellow, pink, or a silver body and two light yellow/white or blue/red stripes. It has an iridescent look. The female fish has two pairs of barbels.

In the wild, the pearl danio is found in along the surface of small, clear rivers and hill streams. They live in a tropical climate with water with a 6.0 – 8.0 pH, a water hardness of up to 5 – 19 dGH, and a temperature range of 68–77 °F (20–25 °C). Their diet consists mostly of exogenous insects and zooplankton. The pearl danio is an egglayer. Golden varieties are often seen in shops; these are in reality semi-albino fish. The blue-redstripe danio (D. a. var. pulcher) and the Kedah danio (D. a. var. tweediei) were considered distinct, but most taxonomic authorities consider them to be varieties of the pearl danio.

title: Pearl danio


text:
Sassoon

Sassoon may refer to:
 * Sassoon (name)

 * Sassoon (typeface)
 * David Sassoon Library, in Mumbai, India
 * Sassoon Docks, in Mumbai, India
 * Sassoon Eskell (1860–1932), Iraqi statesman and financier
 * Sassoon Road, in Hong Kong

title: Sassoon


text:
Conceptualism

In metaphysics, conceptualism is a theory that explains universality of particulars as conceptualized frameworks situated within the thinking mind. Intermediate between nominalism and realism, the conceptualist view approaches the metaphysical concept of universals from a perspective that denies their presence in particulars outside the mind's perception of them. Conceptualism is anti-realist about abstract objects, just like immanent realism is (their difference being that immanent realism accepts there are mind-independent facts about whether universals are instantiated).

Medieval philosophy
The evolution of late scholastic terminology has led to the emergence of conceptualism, which stemmed from doctrines that were previously considered to be nominalistic. The terminological distinction was made in order to stress the difference between the claim that universal mental acts correspond with universal intentional objects and the perspective that dismissed the existence of universals outside the mind. The former perspective of rejection of objective universality was distinctly defined as conceptualism.

Peter Abélard was a medieval thinker whose work is currently classified as having the most potential in representing the roots of conceptualism. Abélard’s view denied the existence of determinate universals within things. William of Ockham was another famous late medieval thinker who had a strictly conceptualist solution to the metaphysical problem of universals. He argued that abstract concepts have no fundamentum outside the mind.

In the 17th century conceptualism gained favour for some decades especially among the Jesuits: Pedro Hurtado de Mendoza, Rodrigo de Arriaga and Francisco Oviedo are the main figures. Although the order soon returned to the more realist philosophy of Francisco Suárez, the ideas of these Jesuits had a great impact on the early modern philosophy.

Modern philosophy
Conceptualism was either explicitly or implicitly embraced by most of the early modern thinkers, including René Descartes, John Locke, Baruch Spinoza, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, George Berkeley, and David Hume – often in a quite simplified form if compared with the elaborate scholastic theories.

Sometimes the term is applied even to the radically different philosophy of Immanuel Kant, who holds that universals have no connection with things as they are in themselves because they (universals) are exclusively produced by our a priori mental structures and functions, even though the  categories have an objective validity for objects of experience (that is, phenomena).

In late modern philosophy, conceptualist views were held by G. W. F. Hegel.

Contemporary philosophy
In contemporary times, Edmund Husserl's philosophy of mathematics has been construed as a form of conceptualism. In the context of the arts see: Conceptualisms in Christoph Metzger, Conceputalisms in Musik, Kunst und Film, im Auftrag der Akademie der Künste, Berlin, 2003

Conceptualist realism (a view put forward by David Wiggins in 1980) states that our conceptual framework maps reality.

Though separate from the historical debate regarding the status of universals, there has been significant debate regarding the conceptual character of experience since the release of Mind and World by John McDowell in 1994. McDowell's touchstone is the famous refutation that Wilfrid Sellars provided for what he called the "Myth of the Given"—the notion that all empirical knowledge is based on certain assumed or 'given' items, such as sense data. Thus, in rejecting the Myth of the Given, McDowell argues for perceptual conceptualism, according to which perceptual content is conceptual "from the ground up", that is, all perceptual experience is a form of conceptual experience. McDowell's philosophy of justification is considered a form of foundationalism: it is a form of foundationalism because it allows that certain judgements are warranted by experience and it is a coherent form of this view because it maintains that experience can warrant certain judgements because experience is irreducibly conceptual.

A clear motivation of contemporary conceptualism is that the kind of perception that rational creatures like humans enjoy is unique in the fact that it has conceptual character. McDowell explains his position:

"I have urged that our perceptual relation to the world is conceptual all the way out to the world’s impacts on our receptive capacities. The idea of the conceptual that I mean to be invoking is to be understood in close connection with the idea of rationality, in the sense that is in play in the traditional separation of mature human beings, as rational animals, from the rest of the animal kingdom. Conceptual capacities are capacities that belong to their subject’s rationality. So another way of putting my claim is to say that our perceptual experience is permeated with rationality. I have also suggested, in passing, that something parallel should be said about our agency."

McDowell's conceptualism, though rather distinct (philosophically and historically) from conceptualism's genesis, shares the view that universals are not "given" in perception from outside the sphere of reason. Particular objects are perceived, as it were, already infused with conceptuality stemming from the spontaneity of the rational subject herself.

The retroactive application of the term "perceptual conceptualism" to Kant's philosophy of perception is debatable. Robert Hanna has argued for a rival interpretation of Kant's work termed perceptual non-conceptualism.

title: Conceptualism


text:
General assembly

A general assembly or general meeting is a meeting of all the members of an organization or shareholders of a company.

Specific examples of general assembly include:

Churches

 * General Assembly (presbyterian church), the highest court of presbyterian polity
 * General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, highest court of the Church of Scotland
 * General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland, highest court of the Presbyterian Church in Ireland
 * General Assembly (Unitarian Universalist Association), annual gathering of Unitarian Universalists of the Unitarian Universalist Association
 * General Assembly of Unitarian and Free Christian Churches, umbrella organisation for Unitarian, Free Christian and other religious congregations in the United Kingdom
 * General Ordinary Assembly, advisory body for the Pope in the Catholic Church

International organizations

 * FIA General Assembly, an international motor-racing organization
 * General Assembly of the Organization of American States, the main body of the OAS
 * United Nations General Assembly, one of the six principal organs of the United Nations

National or sub-national legislatures

 * Confederate Ireland's parliament, during 1642–1649
 * General Assembly of Nova Scotia, the legislature of that Canadian province
 * General Assembly of Uruguay, the national legislature of Uruguay
 * General Assembly of the Empire of Brazil, parliament of the Empire of Brazil

United States state legislatures

 * Arkansas General Assembly
 * Colorado General Assembly
 * Connecticut General Assembly
 * Delaware General Assembly
 * Georgia General Assembly
 * Illinois General Assembly
 * Indiana General Assembly
 * Iowa General Assembly
 * Kentucky General Assembly
 * Maryland General Assembly
 * Missouri General Assembly
 * New Jersey General Assembly, lower house of the bicameral New Jersey Legislature
 * New York General Assembly (historical colonial)
 * North Carolina General Assembly
 * Ohio General Assembly
 * Pennsylvania General Assembly
 * Rhode Island General Assembly
 * South Carolina General Assembly
 * Tennessee General Assembly
 * Vermont General Assembly
 * Virginia General Assembly

Other uses

 * General Assembly (horse), American throughbred racehorse
 * General assembly (Occupy movement), the primary decision-making bodies of the global Occupy Movement which arose in 2011
 * General Assembly (school), a private for-profit education company
 * General Assembly, a fictional international council from the browser game NationStates

title: General assembly


text:
Antonio di Benedetto

Antonio di Benedetto (2 November 1922 – 10 October 1986) was an Argentine novelist, short story writer and journalist.

Career
Di Benedetto began writing and publishing stories in his adolescence, inspired by the works of Fyodor Dostoevsky and Luigi Pirandello. Mundo Animal, appearing in 1953, was his first story collection and won prestigious awards. A revised version came out in 1971, but the Xenos Books translation uses the first edition to catch the youthful flavor.

Antonio di Benedetto wrote five novels. Zama (1956) is considered by critics to be his magnum opus. El silenciero (1964, "The Silentiary") is noteworthy for expressing his intense abhorrence of noise. Critics have compared his works to Alain Robbe-Grillet, Julio Cortázar and Ernesto Sábato.

In 1976, during the military dictatorship of General Videla, di Benedetto was imprisoned and tortured. Released a year later, he went into exile in Spain, then returned home in 1984. He travelled widely and won numerous awards, but never acquired a level of worldwide fame comparable to other Latin American writers, perhaps because his work was not translated to many languages.

Novels

 * El pentágono (1955). Republished in 1974 as Anabella.
 * Zama (1956). Translated with a foreword by Esther Allen (New York Review Books (NYRB), 2016)
 * El silenciero (1964). The Silentiary, trans. Esther Allen, with an introduction by Juan José Saer (NYRB, 2022)
 * Las suicidas (1969). The Suicides, trans. Esther Allen (NYRB, forthcoming)
 * Sombras, nada más... (1984)

Short story collections

 * Mundo animal (1953). Animal World, trans. H. E. Francis, with an Afterword by Jorge García-Gómez. Grand Terrace, CA: Xenos Books.
 * Grot (1957). Republished in 1969 as Cuentos claros
 * Declinación y ángel (1958)
 * El cariño de los tontos (1961)
 * Absurdos (1978)
 * Cuentos del exilio (1983)

Compilations in English

 * Nest in the Bones: Stories, trans. Martina Broner (Archipelago, 2017)

Adaptations
Zama was adapted to film in 2017 by Argentine director Lucrecia Martel and received critical acclaim.

See also Aballay (film) based on the di Benedetto short story of the same name.

Awards and honors

 * 1973: Guggenheim Fellowship
 * 1984: Platinum Konex Award
 * 1986: Gran Premio de Honor de la SADE

title: Antonio di Benedetto


text:
Presbytery

Presbytery and presbyterium may refer to:

 * Presbyterium, a body of ordained, active priests in the Catholic or Anglican churches
 * Presbytery (architecture), the area of a church building more commonly referred to as the "chancel" or "sanctuary"
 * Presbytery (church polity), a governing body of elders in Presbyterianism
 * Presbytery (residence), a clergy house, especially for the home of one or more Roman Catholic priests

title: Presbytery


text:
Audi A8

The Audi A8 is a full-size luxury sedan manufactured and marketed by the German automaker Audi since 1994. Succeeding the Audi V8, and now in its fourth generation, the A8 has been offered with either front- or permanent all-wheel drive and in short- and long-wheelbase variants. The first two generations employed the Volkswagen Group D platform, with the current generation deriving from the MLB platform. After the original model's 1994 release, Audi released the second generation in late 2002, the third in late 2009, and the fourth and current iteration in 2017. Noted as the first mass-market car with an aluminium chassis, all A8 models have used this construction method co-developed with Alcoa and marketed as the Audi Space Frame.

A mechanically upgraded, high-performance version of the A8 debuted in 1996 as the Audi S8. Produced exclusively at Audi's Neckarsulm plant, the S8 is fitted standard with Audi's quattro all-wheel drive system. The S8 was only offered with a short-wheelbase for the first three generations, being joined by a long-wheelbase variant for the fourth generation.

Development

In 1982, Ferdinand Piëch signed an agreement with Aluminum Company of America. The objective was to design and develop a car that would be substantially lighter than any other vehicles in its class (to compensate for the fact that standard all-wheel drive was around 100 kg heavier than competitors' rear-wheel drive). In the late 1980s, it was decided that the target vehicle would be a successor to the V8 (Typ 4C) flagship introduced in 1988. By 1990, a final design by Chris Bird and Dirk van Braeckel was chosen and frozen for series production in mid-1991. In September 1993, the Audi Space Frame (ASF) Concept was unveiled at the 1993 Frankfurt Motor Show (IAA) as a D2 Typ 4D prototype in polished aluminum. Pilot production began in December 1993 and development ended in early 1994, at a total cost of $700 million (£418.1 million).

Introduction
The Audi A8 (Typ 4D) was presented in February 1994 and debuted at the 1994 Geneva Auto Show in March, with full-scale factory production commencing in June 1994, although it was not until October 1996, for the 1997 model year that it became available in North America. Unlike its predecessor, the Audi V8 model, which was built on an existing steel platform, the A8 debuted on the then-new Volkswagen Group D2 platform, an all aluminium monocoque, marketed as the "Audi Space Frame" (ASF), which helped to reduce weight and preserve structural rigidity. The saloon/sedan was offered in both the A8 (standard wheelbase), and the A8 L extended or long-wheelbase (LWB) version. The A8 L adds 5 in of rear legroom. Updates to the car in 1997 included the addition of six interior airbags. The A8 was designed as a competitor to fellow German rivals Mercedes Benz S Class and the BMW 7 Series. It also competed against the British Jaguar XJ and the Japanese Lexus LS.

In 1997, Audi introduced the first series production electronic stability control (ESP) for all-wheel drive vehicles (Audi A8 and Audi A6)– the world's first production cars with both front and rear side airbags.

For 1997, the new A8 was available with either front-wheel drive (FWD), or the Torsen-based quattro permanent four-wheel drive. The FWD models are powered by a 2.8-litre V6 engine, producing 142 kW, and a 3.7-litre V8 engine producing 169 kW, while the quattro received a 4.2-litre V8 producing 221 kW.

The A8 is available with standard luxury amenities, including dual-zone climate control, wood and leather interior trim, 14-way power and heated seats, and an enhanced Bose audio system.

In 1998, upon assuming office, German Chancellor Gerhard Schröder chose the A8 to be his official state car, marking a break from tradition, as his predecessors had preferred Mercedes-Benz S-Class models. Upon being re-elected to second term in 2002, he moved on to the next generation A8's sister model Volkswagen Phaeton.

In 1999, Audi's flagship received side curtain airbags, new colours, and restructuring of option packages. The North American "warm weather package" added a solar sunroof which allows the interior ventilation fans to run, keeping the interior cool while the car is parked with the engine turned off. Changes to all models included a larger passenger-side mirror, and a first aid kit located in the rear centre armrest.

In 1999 for the 2000 model year came a minor front-end restyle, with new, larger, clear headlights, a revised grille, and lower front valance with standard projection fog lamps. In the interior, the seats received a new, horizontal stitch pattern. Also, the 3.7-litre V8 FWD model was dropped, leaving the 2.8 V6 model and the long-wheelbase and short-wheelbase 4.2-litre quattro. These restyled cars also featured revised external door handles and an integrated radio antenna. For 2000, the North American A8 line-up was expanded to include the A8 L.

In 2001, Audi introduced its new W12 engine, a compact 6.0-litre unit developed by effectively mating two VR6 engines together at the crankshaft. The engine quickly became available in the A8, though only to European and Asian customers. From its introduction through its discontinuation in 2003, only 750 of the D2 "W12" models were produced. 2001 also marked the debut of the high-performance S8 variant in North American markets. It produced 360 hp.

In 2002, the A8 L received standard xenon high-intensity discharge lamp (HID) headlights, and a heated steering wheel. A tyre pressure monitoring system (TPMS), an updated Symphony II stereo, and new exterior colours were also added. For 2002, all A8 variants received a trunk/boot interior release lever to facilitate escape in the event an individual became trapped within.

Factory production of this generation ceased at Number 105,092 on August 4, 2002.

Coupé (prototype)
In 1997, IVM Automotive of Munich, Germany built a two-door Audi A8 Coupé. The car was unveiled at the 1997 Geneva Motor Show. Audi contracted IVM to build the prototype, and was considering production of the vehicle. The coupé had a re-engineered aluminium body, shorter than the production A8 saloon. Like the Mercedes-Benz CL-Class, there was no central "B" pillar, giving the car a seamless design with a gradually sloping roofline. The car included custom leather seats which could seat four. Ultimately, Audi decided not to put the A8 Coupé into production, citing lower-than-expected sales figures for the similar BMW 8 Series (E31) and Mercedes-Benz S-Class Coupé. Only one A8 Coupé was ever built. The single prototype, painted in a colour called "Ming Blue pearl", remains the property of IVM Automotive, and resides in Munich. Its last public appearance was in 2002 on a series of test drives.

S8
Audi introduced the S8 4.2 quattro into the European market in 1996. The S8 followed the naming convention of other high-performance Audi "S" models such as the Audi A6-derived S6 and was similar in vein of Mercedes-Benz AMG models. In some markets such as the UK, the S8 was only available with the automatic transmission. Cosmetically, Audi differentiated the S8 from the A8 with solid aluminium alloy door mirror housings, chrome-effect beltline and lower front grille trim, and polished twin exhaust pipes, along with subtle "S8" badging. 14-way power adjustable and heated sports front seats with memory function were fitted as were heated rear seats. Standard alloy wheels were 18-inch cast aluminium alloy "Avus" six-spoke style. After the 1999 facelift, 20-inch polished nine-spoke RS wheels became an option. In 2002, 18-inch nine-spoke RS wheels became a no-cost option.

At the same time of the A8's facelift in late 1999, the S8 received the same cosmetic upgrades. This update marked the release of the S8 to the North American market. Production of the D2 series S8 ended in September 2002.

The D2 series S8 featured an uprated, 250 kW version of the 4.2-litre V8 with four valves per cylinder. From late 1999, Audi increased this to five valves per cylinder with power increased to 265 kW and 430 Nm. From launch in 1996, European-market models came standard with a six-speed manual transmission. A sports-recalibrated version of the ZF 5HP24 five-speed tiptronic automatic, featuring "Dynamic Shift Programme" (DSP) was released a year later and was the only transmission available in most other markets.

A retuned, 20 mm lowered sports suspension included a 30 percent stiffer spring rate and 40 percent more compression damping in the shock absorbers. Speed-sensitive "servotronic" power assisted steering was also standard.

The brakes featured Bosch 5.3 anti-lock braking system (ABS), with electronic brakeforce distribution (EBD), and worked radially ventilated front discs. From 2002, an upgraded Bosch 5.7 electronic stability programme became standard fitment.

D3 (Typ 4E; 2002–2009)
The second-generation Audi A8 (Typ 4E) built on the Volkswagen Group D3 platform was unveiled via press release in July 2002 and introduced in November 2002 in Europe and in June 2003 (as a 2004 model) in the United States. The model was longer than the previous generation, with room for four or five large adult occupants in the cabin, depending on rear seat configuration. The D3 development program began in 1996, with the design process commencing in Ingolstadt in 1997. The whole Audi design studio based in Ingolstadt first contributed sketch proposals, from which numerous different themes emerged. Six of them were developed into full-size clay models and worked up in a traditional manner adjacent to full-size tape drawings. At least three one-quarter scale models were produced to explore other design variations.

The six full-size exterior clay models were reduced to two in late 1998 and these continued to be refined in parallel for a year. At the end of 1999, the final theme selection was made by Miklós Kovács and Imre Hasanic, the main contributing designers. This lengthy development time was in part due to the body being made from aluminium, a material less able to take the small radii of sharp feature lines such as those on the (steel bodied) A4 (B6) designed in 1998.

In parallel to the exterior design development, the interior design was progressed with a total of four full-size models produced, and the production car's horizontally-themed instrument panel design dominant from early on, with Norbert Schneider, Mark Bergold and Enzo Rothfuss the main contributing designers.

Grouping major controls nearer to the driver for a more driver focused identity whilst creating a more airy and spacious feel were early priorities for the interior design team, which was headed by Jurgen Albamonte. This was in part facilitated by the Multi Media Interface (MMI) designed by Jurgen Schröder, that pioneered on the D3 A8 after the Audi Avantissimo concept car preview, and also by class leading colour and trim from Barbara Krömeke and Melinda Jenkins.

Under the supervision of Dany Garand, during the first half of 2000 exterior and interior clay models were digitized and developed using digital design tools in a supporting, not leading, capacity. The D3 final production design was later frozen in the summer of 2000 for an August 2002 start of production.

The A8 was previewed at the 2001 Frankfurt Motor Show by the Audi Avantissimo concept car. This concept introduced much of the technology later available on the series production A8 D3, including: Multi Media Interface, 6-speed automatic transmission with shift paddles, V8 biturbo engine (RS6), self-levelling adaptive air suspension with continuously controlled damping, electric park brake, bi-xenon headlights with static Adaptive Front Lighting System (AFS) curve headlights, dashboard, driver identification systems with fingerprint scanner.

As with the previous version, two body variants of the second generation A8 are offered, the A8 (standard, or short wheelbase), and the long-wheelbase (LWB) A8 L. The A8 L adds 120 mm to the rear legroom and 11 mm to the overall height of the car.

For quattro all-wheel drive models, a ZF 6HP26-A61 (lower torque capacity 6HP19 version for 6 cylinder models) six-speed tiptronic automatic transmission with "Dynamic Shift Programme" (DSP) and "sport" mode, with optional steering wheel mounted paddle-shifters, is the only transmission offering. Output is transmitted via Audi's quattro generation IV all-wheel drive system using the Torsen T-1 centre differential with a default 50:50 torque split front/rear. If the road conditions change, the purely mechanical Torsen differential responds without any delay; it can divert up to 70 percent of power to the front or rear axles.

Innovations

 * World premiere of Multi Media Interface (MMI) in-car user interface (similar to BMW iDrive)
 * Multiplexed high speed MOST Bus optical fiber data networks (interconnecting tens of microprocessors on common databusses), integrated with MMI
 * First Audi with Bi-Xenon HID headlamps for both low and high beam
 * World premiere of static Adaptive Front Lighting System (AFS) curve headlights (from Hella)
 * First Audi with 4-wheel Adaptive Air Suspension and Continuous Damping Control (CDC)-(Skyhook suspension).
 * First Audi GPS navigation system with DVD maps
 * First Audi with six-speed automatic transmission (Tiptronic)
 * First Audi featuring driver identification system

In 2005, new internal combustion engines became available. For European and Asian market customers, the entry-level 3.0-litre V6 engine was replaced with a new 3.1-litre unit (badged as "3.2") featuring Fuel Stratified Injection (FSI), which it shared with the Audi B7 A4 and Audi C6 A6. The top-of-the-line W12 version debuted that year. The advantage of the W12 engine layout is its compact packaging, allowing Audi to build a 12-cylinder sedan with all-wheel drive, whereas a conventional V12 could only have a rear-wheel drive configuration as it would have no space in the engine bay for a differential and other components required to power the front wheels. In fact, Audi's 6.0-litre W12 is slightly smaller (by overall dimensions) than the 4.2-litre V8. This model was also the first to be offered with LED running lights.

In addition to the added powertrains, Audi restyled the D3 platform A8 range slightly in 2005, giving all variants a taller, wider trapezoidal single-frame grille. The top-of-the-line W12 engined W12 version was the first model to be equipped with this grille; V8 engined models were fitted with the new grille the following year. The W12 variant was known for its appearance as the hero car in Transporter 2, and its sequel, Transporter 3.

The D3 generation A8 introduced the 235 kW 4.1-litre Turbocharged Direct Injection (TDI) V8 engine (subsequently uprated to 240 kW). It is badged as the "4.2 TDI" and is based on the "4.0 TDI" badged 3.9L turbodiesel engine. It uses two turbochargers and two intercoolers, with each turbocharger functioning exclusively for one bank of four cylinders.

The adaptive air suspension gives the vehicle clearance a range from its normal 120 mm up to 145 mm in lift mode and down to 95 mm in the Autobahn mode, which is automatically activated when a speed of more than 120 km/h is maintained for more than 30 seconds.

In September 2005 Audi became the first car maker to offer the 1,000-watt 14-channel ICEpower sound system option from Bang & Olufsen.

After Audi's success at Le Mans,

2007 facelift
Changes include: New Optional Features:
 * Updated front fascia incorporating Audi's signature single frame full-nose grill. Complementing the pronounced styling of the nose, designers tossed the understated round fog lights, opting for larger rectangular fog light housings- inside a set of 'Side-View illuminators' have been integrated into the housing; aiding drivers in low-light or poor visibility conditions by automatically illuminating depending on speed and steering angle. Side-View Illuminators operate independent of fog lights.
 * Updated tail-light assembly featuring much brighter and more efficient LED bulbs. Dual rear fog lights are still standard.
 * Full speed range adaptive cruise control ACC Plus, can now brake until stop
 * Braking guard radar-guided forward collision warning system
 * "Side Assist" detects cars in the A8's blind spots
 * Lane assist helps when the driver attempts to change lanes without signalling first.

A8 L W12 quattro Security
The A8 L W12 quattro Security is an armoured vehicle with B6+ and B7 (European standard) ballistic ratings. It includes a W12 engine rated at 450 PS and 580 Nm of torque, emergency exit system featuring pyrotechnic blown-out doors, fire extinguisher system with spray jets located in the engine compartment, underbody and in the wheel arches; smoke extractor in passenger compartment, run flat tires, bullet proof windows, the full protection plus package and LED flashers in the exterior mirrors. Buyers are also offered facility to dispatch two drivers on a special training course.

The A8L W12 was featured as the protagonist's car in the Transporter film series.

S8 5.2 FSI quattro
The S8 high-performance sports variant, now called the "Audi S8 5.2 FSI quattro", was announced in the last quarter of 2005 and full production started in June 2006 and ended in September 2009.

The S8 includes subtle detailing to distinguish it from its related A8. The trapezoidal "single-frame" grille bears the characteristic Audi "S model" vertical strut detail which is highlighted in a chrome finish. "S8" badging is displayed front and rear, whilst "V10" badges are displayed on each front wing above the side-repeater indicators. The rear boot-lid incorporates a subtle rear spoiler, and the rear is finished with four chromed oval exhaust tailpipes. Adaptive Xenon-plus high-intensity discharge (HID) headlamps include static turning lights, along with "swiveling" dynamic cornering lights. Daytime running lamps are five light-emitting diodes (LEDs) incorporated into a cloverleaf designed reflector, incorporated into the main headlamp housing.

The D3 series S8 features a 5.2-litre all-aluminium alloy four-valves per cylinder V10 petrol engine. This engine, a first for Audi, is often incorrectly referred to as a derivative of the Lamborghini 5-litre V10 engine fitted to the first-generation Gallardo. The 5.2-litre V10 in the S8 is based on Audi's 4.2-litre V8 FSI. Lamborghini replaced its own 5-litre engine with the 5.2-litre engine from Audi R8 for the second generation Gallardo and its successor, Huracán

A sports-optimised ZF 6HP26-A61 six-speed tiptronic automatic transmission with "Dynamic Shift Programme" (DSP) and "sport" mode, with steering wheel mounted paddle-shifters, is the only offering. Output is transmitted via Audi's quattro generation IV all-wheel drive system, initially using the Torsen T-1 50:50 dynamic centre differential, and from 2007 for the 2008 model year, utilising the Torsen T-3 asymmetric dynamic centre differential, with a "default" torque distribution of 40 percent to the front axle and 60 percent to the rear. If the road conditions change, the purely mechanical differential responds without any delay; it can divert up to 85 percent of power to the rear wheels, and as much as 65 percent to the front wheels.

The S8's top speed is electronically limited to 250 km/h. Audi's factory performance claims indicate a 0 to 100 km/h time of 5.1 seconds whilst consuming 98 RON unleaded petrol. The S8 has similar performance to Audi's own top-of-the-line A8 L W12, though the W12 is more expensive, has more torque, and built on a longer wheelbase. Compared to the A8 L W12, the S8 has sportier mechanical features such as a firmer suspension, larger wheels, and ceramic brakes. The shorter wheelbase and 10-cylinder engine save weight for better handling, but at 5.4 seconds from 0–60 mph the S8 trails the W12.

The S8, like its related A8, utilises a multi-link suspension layout front and rear, with pressurised air springs. However, for the S8, the effective spring and damper rates are noticeably firmer, along with re-engineered suspension mounts.

The brake system consists of radially ventilated discs all round. The discs are clamped with gloss-black painted dual-piston calipers up front, and a single-piston sliding caliper at the rear, coupled to an electro-mechanical parking brake. A Bosch ESP 5.7 (later upgraded to ESP 8.0) electronic stability control, with ABS, brake assist, and EBD complete the brake system. Optional "Audi ceramic" carbon fibre-reinforced silicon carbide (C/SiC) composite front and rear brakes are available, which use radially vented, and floating SGL Carbon discs, with anthracite grey painted twelve-piston fixed Brembo monobloc alloy calipers. Standard alloy wheels consist of 20-inch "S design" alloy wheels.

A8L Centennial Limited Edition (2009–)
The A8L Centennial Limited Edition (奧迪A8L百年限量版) is a limited (800 units total) version of the A8L 3.0 FSI with multitronic and the A8L 6.0 W12 quattro for the Chinese market, commemorating Audi's 100th anniversary. It includes a horizontal chrome-plated front grille (from the A8L 6.0 W12 quattro), "V6" metal logo at the upper left of the air-inlet grille (A8L 3.0 FSI), LED daytime running lights, 19-inch 12-spoke polished aluminium alloy wheels, heated steering wheel in grey leather with beige stitching, Bang & Olufsen advanced audio system, Alcantara equipment bag, Assam ash red veneer, floor mat with aluminium trim and a metal 'Audi exclusive' commemorative logo at inner door trims.

The vehicles went on sale on the 18 October 2009 as 2010 model year vehicles.

Engine variants
In North America, only the 4.2 V8, 5.2 V10, and 6.0 W12 petrol engines were available. The 4.0 TDI was discontinued when the 4.2 TDI was introduced.

New features
Changes include:
 * Full LED headlamps with Automatic high beam switching or Audi adaptive light (Xenon) with variable headlight range control.
 * Enhanced MMI Multi Media Interface with touchpad & handwriting recognition for the phone and navigation system, using Nvidia Tegra system on a chip for very high processing speed.
 * Optional 1,400 watt Bang & Olufsen sound system.
 * Driver assistance systems networked using FlexRay technology.
 * Hard disk drive GPS navigation with 3D computer graphics with Google Earth.
 * Navigation system coordinates input to the adaptive headlights, transmission, adaptive cruise control and electronic stability control.
 * Infrared Night Vision Assistant with pedestrian recognition.
 * Broadband internet with UMTS 3G and WLAN-Hotspot.
 * First production Audi with a Collision avoidance system: Pre sense (similar to Mercedes-Benz Pre-Safe). The full version of the system (Pre Sense Plus) works in four phases. In the first phase, the system provides warning of an impending accident, while the hazard warning lights are activated, the side windows and sunroof are closed and the front seat belts are tensioned. In the second phase, the warning is followed by light braking, strong enough to win the driver's attention. The third phase initiates autonomous partial braking at a rate of 3 m/s2. The fourth phase decelerates the car at 5 m/s2 followed by automatic deceleration at full braking power, roughly half a second before projected impact. A second system, called (Pre Sense Rear), is designed to reduce the consequences of rear-end collisions. The sunroof and windows are closed and seat belts are prepared for impact. The optional memory seats are moved forward to protect the car's occupants. The system uses sensor fusion with twin radar and a mono camera, and was introduced in 2010.

A8 (L) (2010–)
The third-generation Audi A8 (L) (Typ 4H) is based on the Volkswagen Group MLB platform, but retains the Audi Space Frame aluminium construction of the previous A8, making it the lightest all-wheel drive car in the full-size luxury segment, while also giving it best-in-class fuel economy. The quattro all-wheel drive system splits torque with a default bias of 40 percent front and 60 percent rear.

The vehicle was unveiled at Design Miami 2009 on 30 November 2009, followed by the 2010 North American International Auto Show.

Early models include A8 4.2 FSI quattro (372PS), A8 3.0 TDI quattro (250PS), A8 4.2 TDI quattro (350PS). A8 3.0 TDI (204PS) was added later.

Initial internal combustion engine options comprise 4.2-litre Fuel Stratified Injection (FSI) petrol and Turbocharged Direct Injection (TDI) diesel V8s, with 273 kW and 258 kW respectively. A 3.0-litre V6 TDI with either 184 kW or 150 kW will be available later. A 6.3-litre W12 engine only for the long wheelbase model was made available in 2010, and compared to its predecessor it has a larger displacement and direct fuel injection. All engines are mated to the new eight-speed ZF 8HP automatic transmission. Although other Audi vehicles such as the 2010 Audi S4 and 2011 Audi A7 had switched from the 4.2 L V8 to the 3.0 L supercharged V6, the Audi A8 retained a higher-output 4.2 L V8 as the base engine for the 2011 and 2012 model years in North America.

Taiwan models went on sale on the 11th November 2010. Early models include 3.0 TFSI quattro (290PS).

A8 L (2010–2017)
The vehicle was unveiled at Auto China 2010, followed by the 2011 Taipei Motor Show (A8 L W12 quattro).

German models went on sale in the fall of 2010. Early models include a 3.0 TFSI quattro (290PS), a 4.2 FSI quattro (372PS), a W12 6.3 FSI quattro (500PS), a 3.0 TDI quattro (250PS) and a 4.2 TDI quattro (350PS).

Taiwan models went on sale on the 11th November 2010. Early models include a 3.0 TFSI quattro (290PS) and a 4.2 FSI quattro (372PS). The A8L W12 quattro was added in 2011. The A8L 4.0 TFSI quattro was added in 2012.

Chinese models went on sale in 2011. Early models include an A8L 3.0 TFSI low quattro (289PS), and an A8L 3.0 TFSI high quattro (333PS).

A8 hybrid concept (2010)
The concept vehicle includes a 2.0 TFSI engine rated at 211 PS and 350 Nm of torque at 1,500–4,200 rpm, a disc-shaped electric motor rated 45 PS and 211 Nm of torque, lithium-ion battery, luggage space of 400 L, 21-inch wheels with 265/35 tires, Prism Silver body colour with Spectra Flair accent colour, 'hybrid' lettering on both front fender and illuminated doorsteps with 'hybrid' insignia.

The vehicle was unveiled in 2010 at the Geneva Motor Show.

A8 L long-term evolution broadband prototype (2011)
It is a version of the A8 L demonstrating 4G long-term evolution (LTE) broadband technology. Developed in collaboration with Alcatel-Lucent, the car's mobile broadband connection is a fourth generation (‘4G’) technology with data transfer speeds of up to 100 Mbit/s.

During the 2011 Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Rupert Stadler, chairman of the Board of Management of AUDI AG, announced that LTE technology would be used in cars by early 2011. The A8 L prototype was unveiled weeks later.

A8 L Security (2011–present)
The A8 L Security is an armoured version of the A8 L with class VR 7 ballistic protection standard (tested as per BRV 2009 guidelines), resistance to explosions against a military hand grenade (tested as per ERV 2010 guidelines), with certain areas of the armouring complies with the criteria for class VR 9 and VR 10, a core safety cell made from hot-formed armoured steel, aramid fabric, ceramics, special alloyed aluminium and multilayer glass; overlapping protective materials at the joints, aluminum side sills with solid steel sections, aluminum alloy armored floor, side windows, windshield and rear window made of special glass with a polycarbonate coating; optional electromechanical window openers, closing assist feature comes standard for the doors, communication box in the luggage compartment (light ceramic doors, aluminum frame), optional battery and the fuel tank protection, two-way communication system with a speaker in the single-frame grille and microphones for the cabin and exterior, an emergency exit system with pyrotechnical separating screws in the hinges, fire extinguisher system, emergency fresh-air system with two oxygen cartridges, a smoke extractor for the passenger compartment, an LED signaling system for convoy travel, flashing lights, a siren, a preparation for professional mobile radio systems, a flag holder, a permanently installed telephone, an accident data recorder, an additional rearview camera and a heated windshield plus partially heated side windows, four-zone climate control system with an ionizer to freshen the air, electric rear blinds, the sonorous Bose surround sound system and a TV tuner. In the rear are two individual seats with power adjustment, front comfort seats with heating and optional massage and ventilation functions, standard full-leather package, optional relaxation seat (adjustable right-hand rear seat with a power-adjustable footrest, heating and massage), optional center console with large storage compartments and rear seat entertainment system with two 10.2-inch displays, optional folding table, optional refrigerator, optional parking heater, Bluetooth car phone online, integrated UMTS module, optional separate telephone handsets, 19-inch forged wheels featuring semipolished two-tone finishing, 255/720 tires with a high load index of 117, synthetic rings on the rims, and an optional full-size spare tire.

The first model includes a W12 engine rated at 500 PS and 625 Nm of torque. Deliveries began in late summer 2011. An additional engine model with improved fuel efficiency went on sale in 2012.

The vehicle was unveiled at the 2011 Geneva Motor Show.

Deliveries began in late summer 2011.

A8 hybrid (2012–present)
The production version includes an electric motor rated at 54 PS and 210 Nm of torque, 1.25 kWh lithium-ion battery, 18-inch 10-spoke alloy wheels in turbine blades design (optional 19-inch), hybrid badges, metallic paint finish (optional Arctic Silver body colour), three-zone automatic air conditioning, LED headlights, and a BOSE sound system. Pure electric mode is available for either a top speed of 100 km/h or for up to 3 km at a constant speed of 60 km/h. It went on sale in 2012.

The vehicle was unveiled at the 2011 Frankfurt Motor Show.

A8 L W12 Audi exclusive concept
It is a limited (50 units) version of the A8 L W12 with seats upholstered in Cognac-colored leather by Poltrona Frau, inlays made from the wood olive ash natural, light gray-brown veneer, sill trims with "Audi exclusive concept" lettering, deep-pile carpeting.

The vehicle was unveiled at the 2011 Frankfurt Motor Show.

A8 L hybrid
The long wheelbase version of the A8 hybrid was unveiled in 2010 at the Beijing Auto Show.

S8 4.0 TFSI quattro (2012–2015)
The D4 series Audi S8 4.0 TFSI quattro went on sale in 2012. The D4 S8 was based on the A8 platform, considered in America to be the "short wheel base" comparative to the A8L. Like the previous iteration, the D4 S8 costs less than the A8 L W12.

The S8 can accelerate from 0 to 100 km/h in 4.2 seconds. It is powered by a 4.0-litre TFSI biturbo V8 engine with 382 kW. The engine utilises cylinder deactivation so it can run as a V4 for better fuel economy. The S8's engine is shared with the Bentley Continental GT, while a detuned variant of the engine makes 420 hp which is found in the 2013 Audi S6, Audi S7, and Audi A8. Direct competitors include the BMW Alpina B7 and Mercedes-Benz S63 AMG, which also have biturbo V8 engines.

The vehicle was unveiled at the 2011 Frankfurt Auto show, and went on sale in spring 2012.

Taiwan models went on sale in 2013.

The S8 was discontinued in the United States of America, to be replaced by the S8 Plus for the latest iteration of this generation before the facelift in 2018. In other parts of the world customers had the choice between the two variants.

S8 Plus 4.0 TFSI Quattro (2016–2018)
Based on the same chassis and underpinnings as the D4 S8, the D4 S8 Plus became the sole option for ordering the S8-variant of the Audi A8 line in the US, in the 2016 and 2017 model years. The S8 Plus was dialed up to 605 hp out of the same powerplant as the previous S8, by remapping the turbo boost and fuel delivery of the engine. Additionally, the Carbon Ceramic braking system is standard on the S8 Plus in some markets. The vast majority of options on the S8 Plus were identical to the previous S8; however, it had darkened tail lights standard, and the option for adding carbon fiber styling elements such as the mirror caps, rear lip spoiler, rear diffuser, and front lip. Different markets had different standard packages combining elements of the external carbon package, the dynamic package and the interior design package. A highly-optioned build of the S8 Plus would outprice the nominally higher-end A8 L W12 whose production ceased after the 2018 model year. Unlike the regular S8 which was built by Audi on the regular assembly line alongside other A8 variants, the S8 Plus was built by Audi Sport (formerly Quattro GmbH) and has a VIN that starts with WUA to identify it.

Marketing
As part of the Audi A8 launch in Taiwan, Audi built an Audi pavilion in Xin-Yi district, with Tom Dixon invited for the launch event. Yu-Cheng Chou and Chun-Ten Lin's art works were displayed with A8. The Audi A8 3.0 TFSI quattro (290PS) was used in Transporter: The Series. Audi S8 was used in Avengers: Age of Ultron, alongside Spider-Man: Homecoming.

2013 model year update
Early German A8 models include 3.0 TFSI quattro (290PS), 4.0 TFSI quattro (420PS), 3.0 TDI (204PS), 3.0 TDI quattro (250PS), 3.0 TDI clean diesel quattro (250PS), 4.2 TDI quattro (350PS), A8 L W12 quattro (500PS), A8 hybrid 2.0 TFSI. Early German A8 L Security models include 4.0 TFSI quattro, W12 6.3 FSI quattro.

The updated A8 uses LED headlight technology, with automatic high beam lighting, Osram supplies the LEDs while Hella supplies the headlamp itself.

Early US models include the A8(L) 3.0 TFSI quattro (333PS), the A8(L) 4.0 TFSI quattro, the S8 4.0 TFSI quattro and the A8 L W12 6.3 FSI quattro. The A8 3.0 TFSI quattro and A8 4.0 TFSI quattro replaced the A8 4.2 FSI quattro. The A8 3.0 TDI clean diesel quattro (240PS) was unveiled at the 2012 L.A. Auto Show, and was set to go on sale in Spring 2013 as a 2014 model year vehicle. The A8 L 3.0 TDI clean diesel quattro (240PS) was set to go on sale in Spring 2013 on sale as a 2014 model year vehicle.

Chinese models include the A8L 30 FSI (204PS), the A8L 40 hybrid, the A8L 45 TFSI quattro (290PS), the A8L 55 TFSI quattro (333PS), the A8L W12 FSI quattro and the S8 4.0 TFSI quattro.

Engines
The A8 L 2.0 TFSI hybrid is sold as an A8L 40 hybrid in China.

The A8 L 3.0 TFSI quattro (290PS) is sold as an A8L 45 TFSI quattro in China.

Transmission
All models include an eight-speed tiptronic transmission.

Recalls
2013–2014 Audi A8 and S8 vehicles equipped with a standard sunroof, manufactured between March 12, 2013, and July 15, 2013, were recalled due to possible shattering of sunroof glass panel.

Marketing
As part of the 2013 S8 4.0 TFSI quattro launch in the US, a TV commercial called 'Suspect' was produced in association with Venables Bell & Partners, USA, Furlined, The Whitehouse, 740 Sound Design & Mix, Lime Studios; starring Abigail Spencer. The ad takes cues from quintessential heist films with the S8 taking center stage against a mysterious and suspenseful bank robbery scene. The spot closes with the tagline "Heighten Every Moment." The commercial was premiered during the 2012 NFL season kick-off game on 5 September 2012. The "Suspect" commercial featuring the Audi S8 also aired on CBS and NBC, and select cable networks, including: Food, FX, National Geographic, ESPN, USA, CNN, and AMC. A 30-second version would also be viewable on CNN.com, Reuters.com, Wired.com, Yahoo! and more.

A8, S8, A8 Audi exclusive concept, A8 hybrid (2013–)
Changes include:
 * First worldwide series production car with digitally controlled, full-LED glare-free adaptive highbeam: Matrix LED. The high-beam comprises 25 individual light-emitting diodes per unit that can be switched on and off or dimmed individually depending on the situation. This enables the headlight system to react extremely precisely to other vehicles while always brightly illuminating the road. Additional features of the new headlights are the intelligent cornering light, new-look daytime running lights and dynamic turn signals. The lighting system in the A8 uses predictive route data from the navigation system to adjust the distribution of light in response to the current driving situation. In combination with the optional Navigation plus with MMI touch, the system recognizes route data contained in the navigation system, such as curves and road classifications.
 * Cornering light: Using predictive route data supplied by the MMI navigation plus, the focus of the Matrix LED beam is shifted towards the bend even before the driver turns the steering wheel.
 * Night Vision Assistant can now recognize larger animals in addition to pedestrians. Pedestrian Marker Lights work together with the optional night vision assistant. As soon as a pedestrian is detected in a critical range in front of the vehicle, individual LEDs flash briefly three times in succession to alert that person, who is then clearly visible to the driver.
 * Head-up display
 * Standard electromechanical power steering (optional dynamic steering varies its ratio with the car's speed)
 * Active lane assist, which makes slight steering adjustments when necessary
 * Park assist system with 360° display
 * Side assist blind spot monitor coupled with expanded version of the standard pre sense basic safety system
 * Active noise cancellation (ANC) for A8 L W12 quattro, cylinder on demand with six-cylinder mode.
 * Additional noise damping
 * Other changes: altered trunk layout with optional power trunk closing assist, flatter rear LED lights joined by a continuous chrome strip, redesigned bumper houses two rhomboid tailpipes (except S8), available wheel sizes up to 21 inches with 275/35-series tires, optional sport differential (standard on S8 and A8 4.2 TDI clean diesel quattro)

The A8 Audi Exclusive Concept is a limited (50 units) version of the A8 L W12 quattro with interior leather upholstery from Italian furniture manufacturer Poltrona Frau in the color Agatha cognac, inlays are made of fine grain olive ash natural silver brown, Tierra Del Fuego body colour. Production was set to begin at the quattro GmbH facility in Neckarsulm starting in March 2014.

The Audi S8 includes a four-cylinder mode with ANC, two elliptical dual tailpipes, dynamic steering, sport differential, adaptive air suspension sport with an S-specific setup, 20-inch wheels, S8 emblems on front brake calipers, optional Audi design selection black/Vermont brown with Carbon twill copper inlays.

The Audi A8 hybrid includes a custom Audi luggage set for the trunk.

The vehicles were unveiled at the 2013 Frankfurt Motor Show, followed by the 2014 Detroit Auto Show and the 2014 Toronto Auto Show.

German models arrived at German Audi dealerships in November 2013. Early A8 models include 3.0 TFSI quattro (310PS), 4.0 TFSI quattro (435PS), 3.0 TDI quattro clean diesel (258PS), 4.2 TDI clean diesel quattro (385PS), A8 L W12 quattro (500PS), A8 hybrid 2.0 TFSI (211/245PS), S8 4.0 TFSI quattro (520PS).

US models went on sale as 2015 model year vehicles. Early models included A8 3.0 (L) TFSI quattro (310PS), A8 (L) 4.0 TFSI quattro (435PS), A8 L 3.0 TDI quattro clean diesel (258PS), A8 L W12 quattro (500PS), S8 4.0 TFSI quattro (520PS).

Engines are the same in Canada as the US but PS ratings are higher due to less emission control devices needed.

A8 L Security (2014–)
Available in V8 4.0 TFSI or W12 FSI engines, the A8 L Security is an armoured version of the A8 L with VR9 ballistic protection standard in accordance with the BRV 2009 guideline, with VR10 in certain areas, and explosives resistance tested in accordance with the ERV 2010 guideline (Explosion Resistant Vehicles). The occupant cell is made of heat-formed armor steel, aramid fabric, ceramic, a special aluminum alloy, and multi-laminated glass, with protective materials which overlap at transitions. The aluminum side sills incorporate ballistic-proof profiles. The armor-plated vehicle floor is made from a special aluminum alloy for explosive weapons resistance. Door windows, windshield and rear window incorporate special glass with a splinter-inhibiting polycarbonate layer on the inside, with doorstop function and optional electromechanical side windows. Other optional security equipment include emergency exit system with pyrotechnic fracture bolts in the hinges to detach the door from the body, fire extinguisher system with two tanks and nozzles that spray to wheel arches, onto the underbody, the tank, and into the engine compartment; emergency fresh-air system with two pressurized cartridges housed in the protected zone, security start with remote radio signal engine start, selective unlocking of doors, a smoke extractor for the interior, an LED signal system for convoy driving, pennant holder, flashing lights, a siren, a preparation for or installation of analog and digital radio networks for security authorities and organizations, a built-in phone, an accident data recorder, an additional rear camera, a heated windshield including partly heated side windows. Other features included LED (V8 4.0 TFSI) or Matrix LED (W12 FSI) headlights, quattro permanent all-wheel drive, armor-plated (ceramic doors, aluminum frame) communications box in the trunk with a supplementary battery, optional battery and fuel tank protection, intercom system with a loudspeaker in the Singleframe grille and microphones for the interior and the vehicle's surroundings, two electrically adjustable individual seats in the rear, front comfort seats with optional with massage and ventilation functions (optional front-passenger relaxation seat with electric-control footrest, ventilation and massage function), an optional continuous center console with large storage compartments is also available, rear seat entertainment with two 10.2-inch displays, optional folding table, a cool box and auxiliary heating; new Unicum leather interior upholstery, forged 19-inch wheels, 255/70 tires with high load index 117, polymer rings on the rims, direct-measurement tire pressure monitoring system, optional spare wheel, 4-zone automatic air conditioning with an ionizer, electric rear blinds, Bose surround sound system, a TV tuner, parking system plus with surround view camera.

Deliveries began in the third quarter of 2014.

S8 plus (2015–)
Based on the short wheel base S8, the S8 plus includes increased engine power to 605 PS and 700 Nm of torque, with overboost to 750 Nm of torque, as well as unique 21-inch wheels with 275/35R21 tires in Germany.

The vehicle was unveiled at the 2015 Los Angeles Auto Show.

German model went on sale in end of November 2015 for a base price of 145,200 euros.

US model went on sale in December 2015 as 2016 model year vehicle for US$114,900.

Transmission
All models include an eight-speed tiptronic transmission.

Production
The A8's aluminum chassis was built at Neckarsulm plant.

Marketing
As an April Fools' Day joke on 1 April 2015, Audi Japan announced a special edition A8 5.5 with a rice cooker on the rear center console. The 5.5 designation is a play on the Japanese words "go" (five) and "han" (half); when combined, they become "gohan" (悟飯), which is the Japanese word for "rice". Audi S8 was used in The Transporter Refueled. Audi S8 was used in Avengers: Age of Ultron, alongside Spider-Man: Homecoming. A blockbuster style commercial film Suspect was published for the Audi S8 in 2012, which features an unnamed male model as driver.

A8 (2017–present) and A8 L (2018–present)
The design of the A8 and A8 L was based on the Audi Prologue concept. The new generation, code-named D5, was unveiled at the Audi Summit in Barcelona on 11 July 2017 and presented at the 2017 Frankfurt Motor Show. The standard wheelbase A8 went on sale in November 2017, and the long wheelbase A8 L was launched in 2018.

S8 (2020–present)
The higher performance version, S8, was introduced in the late 2019 for 2020 model year. Unlike the previous generation S8s which were only built upon the short-wheelbase A8 variant, the D5 generation will be available in both short-wheelbase and long-wheelbase, with North America having only the long-wheelbase S8 (i.e. S8 L). The S8 has higher output of petrol V8 as fitted to A8 and A8L 60 TFSI quattro.

Autonomous driving
Traffic Jam Pilot is the new feature, consisting of Level 3 autonomous driving, that allows the car to travel in the heavy traffic on the highway up to 60 km/h without any assistance from the driver. Due to the complicated legal regulations, Audi cancelled the launch of this feature for the United States market in 2019.

Marketing
As part of the deal between Marvel Studios and Audi, the fourth generation of A8 first premiered in the "Driver's Test" commercial that premiered on June 19, 2017, as a tie-in to Spider-Man: Homecoming movie. In the commercial, Peter Parker (Tom Holland) takes the car, a prototype belonging to Tony Stark, for a test-drive alongside his driving instructor played by J. B. Smoove. The car also had a small product placement appearance in the actual movie itself.

A8, S8, A8L, A8L Horch Founder Edition (2021–)
On October 29, 2021, Audi revealed the facelifted A8 ahead of its Chinese introduction at the Guangzhou Auto Show and later next year in Europe. The facelift also included the revival of the Horch (A8L Horch Founder Edition) brand to compete against other ultra-luxury sedans in China with Europe also a possibility. A facelift Horch was presented in February 2024. Unlike previous generations, the D5 will last longer and not end at least until 2026.

Engines and Transmission
At the launch, A8 had two engine options: one 3-litre petrol V6 (55 TFSI quattro) and 3-litre diesel V6 (50 TDI quattro). For 2019, the engine range was expanded to include the petrol and diesel V8 engines (60 TFSI quattro in 2020 and 60 TDI quattro in 2019, respectively). The plug-in hybrid version (PHEV) with a 3-litre petrol V6 and electric motor (60 TFSI e quattro) was launched in 2019. No hybrid system is fitted to the diesel engines. The petrol V8 engines fitted to the 60 TFSI quattro and S8 TFSI quattro have 48-volt MHEV systems that use the electric motor as a starter and for power assistance. No W12 engine has been announced yet as of January 2021.

All A8, A8 L, and the S8 feature the quattro all-wheel-drive system and an 8-speed Tiptronic automatic transmission.

title: Audi A8


text:
Talk:Edwin Howard Armstrong

Untitled
"Armstrong conducted the first large scale field tests of his FM radio technology on the 85th floor of RCA's (Radio Corporation of America) Empire State Building from May 1934 until October 1935." (emphasis added) — Is this correct? The RCA Building at Rockefeller Center isn't that tall, and I believe (but honestly, I'm not that sure) that RCA's connection with the Empire State Building was probably limited to leasing some floors, particularly upper floors for transmitter facilities. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 152.75.174.47 (talk) 22:00, 21 January 2010 (UTC)

Hello, is the date of E. Armstrongs death the right one? I've read on several other pages the date Jan. 31, 1954? Also I have read the Super Heterodyne receiver was invented by Armstrong 1918, the patent (No. 1,342,885 Method of Receiving High Frequency Oscillations) was filed 1919 and patented on June 8, 1920. On the German version of this article the date of death is 1954, Jan. 31, too.

Good point on the date of his death. We have some documents here about it; I'll look into it and update accordingly. Ajschu 15:11, 11 Nov 2004 (UTC)

Hello, was Armstrong really married twice? I have read two biographies, and neither mention a wife earlier than Marion, his widow. Both biographies show pictures of Armstrong and bride Marion on their honeymoon (with his early portable radio).

After checking with two biographies, I deleted the reference to the "second wife", since no source that I could find made any mention of a previous wife. The reason I feel this change should be made is that Marion was such a large part of his life and his legacy. She was an enormous influence on his middle and later career, and she persevered in obtaining justice (as much as it could be done at that late date) for Armstrong's cause. user:Tom Bartlett

--- Why has no one discribe his suicide death from jumping from a hotel window. as well as the reasons why he offed him self. This has a lot of valuble historic information pertaning to the formation of modern radio netowrks and companies including the FCC.

Ken Burn's documentary "Empire of the Air" describes the note as saying "May God keep you", rather than "May God help you". I misread the citation on this section as having been from "Empire" rather than the Time article, and attempted to correct it. But the Time article does say "help", so I undid those changes. But the discrepency makes me wonder which is correct, since "keep" seems to make more sense in context.

—Preceding unsigned comment added by 174.25.149.220 (talk) 03:41, 21 April 2011 (UTC)

FCC jazz presentation
I have been reading articles and biographies about Armstrong, but none of them except Wikipedia mention anything about the presentation given by Armstrong to FCC where he demonstrates the superiority of FM radios over AM. The reference given for this is an article from "Ogden Standard-examiner", which is not free access. Can somebody verify this or site a different reliable source that is easily accessible?

Caprika (talk) 17:31, 19 November 2008 (UTC)

Hi, I have found some missmatching of the dates posted here, about the presentation of the FCC taking place on 1936, and the calendar and FM broadcasting article, which with no citations said that it took place on January 5, 1940. To be sincere, as this post here contains a citation, whereas the others don't, I consider this more accurate than the others and propose their change.

--Radiobuzzer (talk) 15:47, 19 January 2010 (UTC)

Incorrect IEEE reference?
The following reference doesn't seem to exist on IEEExplore?!?

"The Legacy of Edwin Howard Armstrong," by J. E. Brittain Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 79, no. 2, February 1991

Caprika (talk) 17:31, 19 November 2008 (UTC)

Death date again
The only source I can find for his death date is Lessing, who gives it as Feb 1. Apparently he jumped during the night and his body was found in the morning, so it may not be known which date is correct. The TIME obit gives no date, and oddly enough there is no obit in the NYT, or at least Proquest doesn't have it indexed. Rees11 (talk) 03:00, 22 November 2009 (UTC)

"FM Radio" to be moved ?
The information provided on the section for FM Radio, have more to do with technical and political updates of FM technology, and less on his involvement in these. In here are more info contained about FM broadcasting in the United States than in the article itself. Would we consider moving the information there, and leaving a link behind, among the contribution of Armstrong himself?

--Radiobuzzer (talk) 15:52, 19 January 2010 (UTC)
 * I think it's important to give that information in this context; it was an important part of Armstrong's work. --Wtshymanski (talk) 14:31, 1 July 2010 (UTC)

FM inventor
This article is incorrect in its claim about the invention of frequency modulation for broadcasting, because it was Abraham Esau who devolped FM and demontrated it before his students and the general public in Erfurt in 1930 and 1931. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 95.88.33.196 (talk • contribs)

 * Source? Dicklyon (talk) 20:47, 6 November 2011 (UTC)

 * Source: ISBN 3-412-04102-5 And actually it was 1925, with the world-wide first "UKW"-broadcast between Jena and Kahla in Germany. Also, the article is not accurate on the european situation after WWII and FM´s success there. Mr. Armstrong may had his share in development, but he was nowhere an "inventor". 212.23.103.47 (talk) 01:56, 24 November 2012 (UTC)

Actually, FM was invented in about thirty years earlier, and demonstrated in the U.S. during the 1920s. See Frost's book "Early FM" for details. 129.21.166.163 (talk) 00:17, 2 February 2012 (UTC)

 * actually that´s chauvinistic b/s.212.23.103.47 (talk) 01:56, 24 November 2012 (UTC)
 * NOBODY 'invented' FM - it's a concept. Audio researchers in the 19th century had studied FM in vibrating musical instrument strings; for at least 20 years prior to Armstrong's demonstration of FM radio, the patent journals of all advanced nations had been full of FM work - mainly work about PREVENTING unwanted FM effects in AM radio receivers (I can point you to a 1931 German (Telefunken) patent on exactly that). FM was initially consigned to irrelevance by 1920's Bell Labs work (the 'infinite sidebands' theory) - and, they were right - FM really WAS impractical/useless at the (low) radio frequencies then in use. Armstrong's genius was recognising that FM WOULD work at the VHF frequencies subsequently developed by other radio engineers. In fact, Armstrong demonstrated a PHASE MODULATION system (rather than true FM) and it is other, later, patents (RCA, Westinghouse, EMI[GB]) on which modern FM radio is based. Glad to see Armstrong getting credit for the DEVELOPMENT of FM radio but, he didn't invent FM and he didn't invent modern FM radio either.31.49.28.120 (talk) 22:02, 7 July 2022 (UTC)

Wife's name
Tim Wu and most sources refer to her as "Marion MacInnis", but The New York Times referenced her as "Esther Marion Armstrong" in her obituary. ~ Fopam (talk) 03:45, 20 December 2011 (UTC)

 * Also, the spelling of her maiden name is inconsistent in the article. Sometimes it is 'MacInnis' and other times it is 'McInnis'. Tweisbach (talk) 07:25, 27 March 2013 (UTC)

Suicide note
I removed the following reference because I couldn't confirm its contents: It conflicts with an article by The New York Times, which states that the note concluded: "God keep you and Lord have mercy on my soul." ~ Fopam (talk) 04:28, 20 December 2011 (UTC)

Move to "Edwin Armstrong"?
It seems somewhat odd to have the article at "Edwin Howard Armstrong", given that I can't think of anyone else of note named "Edwin Armstrong" that would have a Wikipedia article. Any thoughts? Bumm13 (talk) 09:26, 9 May 2013 (UTC)

 * I actually came here to propose it be moved to "Edwin H. Armstrong". That's what we have in the infobox and that's how he's most often known.  --   Jack of Oz   [Talk]  08:39, 13 June 2013 (UTC)

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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070825222458/http://www.nps.gov:80/nhl/DOE_dedesignations/Armstrong.htm to http://www.nps.gov/nhl/DOE_dedesignations/Armstrong.htm

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External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 external links on Edwin Howard Armstrong. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.nps.gov/nhl/DOE_dedesignations/Armstrong.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080509070320/http://world.std.com/~jlr/doom/armstrng.htm to http://world.std.com/~jlr/doom/armstrng.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070105222446/http://www.ee.columbia.edu/misc-pages/armstrong_main.html?mode=interactive to http://www.ee.columbia.edu/misc-pages/armstrong_main.html?mode=interactive

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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 04:27, 18 September 2017 (UTC)

Superheterodyne?
So every time this guy is mentioned in an article about being the inventor of superheterodyne receivers it always mentions how this Levy guy won a patent lawsuit against him, yet asserts that Armstrong is the inventor. Why is this Levy guy so special that he gets brought up all the time? — Preceding unsigned comment added by HBBorges (talk • contribs) 03:08, 4 May 2018 (UTC)
 * This topic is covered in detail in "Who Invented the Superheterodyne?" by Alan Douglas. In short, while it can be argued that Armstrong did the most to make the superheterodyne receiver a mass-market commercial product, in the United States it was ruled that Lucien Lévy deserved credit for patenting the basic principle underlying the operation of the superheterodyne circuit.Thomas H. White (talk) 21:23, 18 May 2018 (UTC)

Please fix…
… this horrid paragraph. The syntax is dreadful.

‘ Although Lee de Forest initially discounted Armstrong's findings, beginning in 1915 de Forest filed a series of competing patent applications that largely copied Armstrong's claims, now stating that he had discovered regeneration first, based on August 6, 1912 notebook entry, while working for the Federal Telegraph company, prior to the January 31, 1913 date recognized for Armstrong.’ 2001:44B8:3102:BB00:A1FC:5749:9DD:9F40 (talk) 07:15, 14 January 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Edwin Howard Armstrong