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Limekilns

Limekilns is a historic coastal village in Fife, Scotland. It lies on the shore of the Firth of Forth, around 3 miles south of Dunfermline and 13 miles (21km) northwest of Edinburgh.

Limekilns has a medieval past as a fishing village, dating back to the 14th century. The town gets its name from its 18th century limestone industry, with lime kilns still found at the near contingent town of Charlestown. Today, the town is popular with tourists and is home to 40 listed buildings by Historic Scotland. The population is 1,450 (2020)

History and economy
Unlike the neighbouring village of Charlestown, Limekilns is an old settlement dating back to the 14th century. In its early days Limekilns was mainly a fishing village, with the large natural harbour, sheltered by the rocky ridge known as The Ghauts, providing docking facilities for small to medium transport and cargo ships. From here ships traded with the ports in the Baltic Sea and France until the seventeenth century when the Union of the Crowns saw the royal interests move south to London. In the early 14th century there was a port for the town of Dunfermline, called Galletts, at the site of the current settlement of Limekilns, this served as the principal port for the town which lies a few miles inland.

The importance of the local limestone became clear quite early in the village's history, being used both as a fertiliser and for the manufacture of mortar used in the construction of stone buildings. Workings using kilns fuelled by charcoal and later coal to convert lime to quicklime grew up, the product being exported from the port along the east coast of Scotland. Today the only tangible legacy of this industry in village is the name Limekilns. In the 1750s the lime industry transferred a mile or so west along the coast to Charlestown, where the ruins of the massive kilns still exist today.

For many centuries Limekilns was also the northern terminus for a ferry linking it to Bo'ness on the southern side of the Forth. This found an echo in Robert Louis Stevenson's Kidnapped: and it was from Limekilns that David Balfour and Alan Breck were carried across the Forth in a rowing boat. Soap was also produced from a soapworks located near Caupernaum Pier. The 'Soap Sheds' still exist and are used as storage facilities. The years of industrial decline meant that most of these industries were lost and Limekilns became just another sleepy coastal village. New housing estates were added during the property boom of the 1970s and 1980s, considerably boosting the size and population of the village.

Landmarks
Limekilns sits within the lands which traditionally belonged to the Earl of Elgin of Broomhall House, which overlooks the village.

The oldest building in the village is The King's Cellar, a large property which can be traced back to 1362. It has served many different purposes throughout its long life, notably as a store house, school, library and chapel. It is currently employed as a Freemasons Lodge and is generally not open to the public.

The village has a range of amenities including a primary school, doctor's surgery, shops and a Sea Scout Group as well as a Guide unit. The Ship Inn is said to be the 'watering hole' featured in Robert Louis Stevenson's novel Kidnapped.

Transport
The Earls of Elgin owned land in the Crossford area in connection with the Elgin Colliery (at Parkneuk and Baldridge Burn, NW of Dunfermline) and the Elgin Railway that ran from the Colliery round Crossford and then down beside Waggon Road and on to Charlestown harbour. The route of the railway and the site of the Elgin Colliery are shown in a map in Chalmers' book, Historical and Statistical Account of Dunfermline.

To the north, paths run via Pitliver to Crossford and through the estate of the Earl of Elgin and Wester Gellet to Pittencrieff Park at Dunfermline.

Notable people
Limekilns is the birthplace of George Thomson.

title: Limekilns


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Clarence S. Campbell Bowl

The Clarence S. Campbell Bowl, or simply the Campbell Bowl, is a team award presented by the National Hockey League (NHL). Named after Clarence Campbell, who served as president of the NHL from to, it has been awarded for different accomplishments throughout its history, serving as a counterpart to the Prince of Wales Trophy since the 1967 NHL expansion by using the same criteria in the opposite competitive grouping. The Campbell Bowl has been awarded to the West Division regular season champions (1967–1974), the Campbell Conference regular season champions (1974–1981), the Campbell Conference playoff champions (1981–1993), and the Western Conference playoff champions (1993–2020, 2021–present).

Due to a modified playoff format held in 2021 because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Campbell Bowl was awarded to the Montreal Canadiens after they defeated the Vegas Golden Knights in the Stanley Cup semifinals.

History
The Clarence S. Campbell Bowl was donated by the NHL's clubs in recognition of the contributions and services of its namesake, the League President at the start of the Modern Era expansion. Throughout its history it has been a parallel to the Prince of Wales Trophy, using the same criteria in the opposite competitive grouping. From its inception in the season through to  it was awarded to the first-place finisher in the West Division during the regular season. With NHL realignment in 1974–75, it was given to the team with the best regular season record in the Campbell Conference (the successor to the West Division) through the season. Beginning with the season, it switched to the Campbell Conference playoff champions, and since the  season, when the Campbell Conference became the Western Conference, the trophy has gone to the Western Conference playoff champions.

A traditional superstition that is prevalent among many of today's NHL players is that no player should either touch or hoist the Campbell (Western Conference champion) or Prince of Wales (Eastern Conference champion) trophies after they have won the conference playoffs; these players feel that the Stanley Cup is the true championship trophy and thus it should be the only trophy that they should be hoisting. Instead of touching the conference trophy, the captain of the winning team merely poses (usually looking solemn) with the trophy, and sometimes, the entire team poses as well. There have been other teams, however, that have ignored the superstition and hoisted the conference trophy and then went on to win the Cup anyway.

The NHL temporarily suspended the conferences and re-aligned the league into four temporary divisions for the 2020–21 NHL season due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, the semifinal round of the 2021 Stanley Cup playoffs was contested between the winners of the divisional playoffs and they were seeded according to their regular season record. Initially the trophy was not going to be awarded. However, as it happened, the first round results caused a de facto firm bracket to be established for the rest of the playoffs in which the teams advancing from the North and West Divisions would play in the semifinals, and also where this half of the "bracket" contained all of the Western Conference teams remaining in the playoffs. As a result, it was decided that the Campbell Bowl would be awarded to the winner of the Stanley Cup semifinals between the North and West Divisions. Eventually, Montreal Canadiens (the only Eastern Conference team in that half of the "bracket") defeated the Vegas Golden Knights to win their first and (barring a further change in the playoff format) only Campbell Bowl in their history.

Winners

 * Key
 * † – Eventual Stanley Cup champions

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Clarence S. Campbell Bowl


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User talk:Silagi

Hello there, welcome to the 'pedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you need any questions answered about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Cheers! - Hephaestos|§ 02:57, 24 May 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Silagi


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Wild America (TV series)

Wild America is a documentary television series that focuses on the wild animals and wild lands of North America. By the mid-1970s, Marty Stouffer had put together several full-length documentaries that were licensed as prime time network television specials. At that time, he approached the programming managers at Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) about a half-hour-long wildlife series, the first to focus exclusively upon the flora and fauna of North America. PBS signed for the rights to broadcast Marty Stouffer's series Wild America in 1981. The series went on to become one of the most popular aired by PBS, renowned for its unflinching portrayal of nature, as well as its extensive use of film techniques such as slow motion and close-ups. Stouffer earned as much as $250,000 per show from PBS.

The show's production ran from 1982 to 1994. The series is no longer on PBS; reruns still air in syndication on commercial television through much of the United States. In 1997, Warner Bros. released a full-length feature film of the same name, which was based on the biographical story of Marty Stouffer and his brothers, Mark and Marshall. The show is now distributed by Storrs Media and Telco Productions for Syndication.

Episodes
The "Wild America" series contained a total of 120 half-hour episodes.

 * Special episodes

title: Wild America (TV series)


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File:Emperor - Wrath of the Tyrant cover.jpg

Fair use rationale for Wrath of the Tyrant
Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) It is a low resolution copy of a CD album cover.
 * 2) It does not limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the CD album in any way.
 * 3) Copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the album artwork on another CD.
 * 4) The image is itself a subject of discussion in the article.
 * 5) The image on the cover is significant because it was made by a famous artist, Emperor.


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User talk:SimonMayer/Annoyed

Second
Good list, I second it ;) Sam [Spade] 03:01, 24 May 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:SimonMayer/Annoyed


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User talk:Give it up, Rick

Please don't vandalize.--Plato 03:06, 24 May 2004 (UTC)

Since you obviously understand what you're doing (references to RickK's beliefs about talk page ownership) you must know that what you're doing is wrong. You have been blocked. Goodbye. - Fennec (さばくのきつね) 03:09, May 24, 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Give it up, Rick


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Talk:Tai languages

Untitled
I think Tai shouldn't really redirect here. Tai refers to the Tai peoples (speakers of Tai languages) which we should have something on. I'll write it some day. Markalexander100 05:51, 13 Aug 2004 (UTC)

I agree with above. "Tai" should have a disambiguation page pointing to "Tai Languages" and "Tai People" and "Tai history" as well. I have already set up a history category. I'llbe writing a general page onTai history next week with citations. There is already alot out there on general Tai history n the Lao history pages, but the facts are not backed up with citations (Jonfernquest 15:54, 7 August 2006 (UTC))

Language names?
Where does this classification and the language names come from? Does it make sense to include so many links that lead nowhere? I don't know much about the Tai languages spoken in other countries, but for those spoken in China according to this article, I can say that the terminology is - well, at least very unusual; neither used in China nor by scholars abroad that I am aware of. Babelfisch; August 17th, 2004

Malayalam
Malayalam is a Dravidian language. What is the change by 216.93.228.6 supposed to mean? Babelfisch; February 1st, 2005

Thai languages
Thai language should be the most suitable because it also refers to a variety of languages that are used in Thailand. iampad

 * No. Thai languages refers to languages spoken in Thailand (we should have an article on that, but it should be at Languages of Thailand.  Tai languages refers to a linguistic group. HenryFlower 06:07, 12 June 2006 (UTC)

 * I totally agreed with Henry. I was confused at the time. --Iampad (talk) 00:46, 10 July 2008 (UTC)

Vietnam
The San Chay people of Vietnam seem to be missing from this article, for some reason. Badagnani 19:47, 4 November 2007 (UTC)

Subgrouping
Why are Northern Zhuang, Bouyei, and Tai Mene in listed in Central Tai? Li Fang-kuei, the originator of the N/C/SW classification, put the first two there (see e.g. his Handbook of Comparative Tai), and Chamberlain classifies Tai Mene as Northern (sorry, can't put my finger on the exact reference). --Abhideja (talk) 23:39, 28 August 2009 (UTC)

 * No response to my previous query, so I moved them. Also moved E since Ethnologue (http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=eee) locates it in northern Guangxi and states "Chinese scholars consider E a mixture of Northern Zhuang languages, Mulam [mlm], Dong [doc] and Chinese." Abhideja (talk) 17:25, 22 September 2009 (UTC)

 * Saw this after I reverted. This classification contradicts the map in the main article (Kradai languages), which AFAIK is based on more recent refs. Maybe the languages do need to be moved, but I'd like to see some recent refs. And that would mean updating the map as well - maybe we could just relabel the orange "N & C"? kwami (talk) 00:35, 23 September 2009 (UTC)

 * The following citations from the Kradai article either make it clear that Northern Zhuang and Bouyei are Northern Tai or make no mention of any contrary view: Edmondson and Solnit 1997; Blench 2004 (has Tai Mene under Northern); Tai-kadai Languages (2007); Diller, A. (2005) The Tai-Kadai languages. (BTW, I think that the last two are really the same. Don't know what's going on there.) Yes, the map in the Kradai entry (shouldn't that be Kra-Dai?) definitely should be updated. Labeling the orange area "N & C" could be a temporary solution, but Central and Northern really should be separated. If anything SW and C could be together. Some (e.g. Gedney "Speculations on Early Tai Tones" 1978) have suggested a single SW/C node which then splits into SW and C, but nobody to my knowledge has proposed grouping C and N in opposition to SW. I also put Turung in Southwestern. It's an interesting case of language shift, but it surely has nothing to do with Central Tai; see Morey's article in the Tai-kadai Languages book cited above. Abhideja (talk) 18:18, 23 September 2009 (UTC)
 * I updated the map to match. kwami (talk) 20:42, 23 September 2009 (UTC)

Yay language
What is Yay language? I am a native Thai person but I have never heard about that name. We have also pronunciation problem for the word 'Yay' either.--Octra Bond (talk) 14:34, 15 August 2010 (UTC)

 * I believe this refers to the language of Tai Yai people, which is Shan. Thai readers can look at ภาษาไทใหญ่. Since Shan language is already on the list here, I have removed the entry for "Yay". Tim Shuba (talk) 18:03, 15 August 2010 (UTC)

 * No, this is a different group also called Giay or Nhang/Nyang. It's not Shan, it's a Northern Tai language.  William Gedney (1965, "Yay, A Northern Tai Language of North Vietnam", Lingua 14:180-193) places it in Vietnam near the Chinese border.  --Taivo (talk) 18:15, 15 August 2010 (UTC)
 * Ethnologue actually counts both "Giay" and "Nhang/Nyang" as dialects of Bouyei, so Yay is still a dialect, but not of Shan. --Taivo (talk) 18:27, 15 August 2010 (UTC)

 * What of iso3=Yoy? It's the only N. Tai lang E. lists for Thailand. — kwami (talk) 01:36, 16 August 2010 (UTC)

 * Yoy isn't Yay despite the similarity of name. I suspect that Ethnologue has confused it for something else.  Gedney is the authority on Tai (and did fieldwork on Yay) and he's very clear in his description of where Yay is spoken and what the alternate names are.  If you look at the Ethnologue entry for Bouyei, you see both Giay and Nhang/Nyang listed as dialects.  This also fits within the geographical range where Gedney places Yay (Vietnam on the Chinese border), while Ethnologue's Yoy is outside that range (Thailand/Laos).  Linguasphere lists a Yo as part of Lao-Isan and a Tay-yo as part of Phu-Tai, both with ranges in Laos and Vietnam.  It's possible that Ethnologue's entry may be a confusion of Yay with Yo, but I'm not certain.  As you know there is much confusion among the mass of dialect names floating around the Tai languages.  One can't always be certain about either the exact meaning or origin of any of these more obscure names.  In the case of Yay, however, we have a very precise description from Gedney.  --Taivo (talk) 02:16, 16 August 2010 (UTC)

Chiang Saen or Chiang Saeng
This article says the subgroup to which Thai belongs is called "Chiang Saen", but Ethnologue says it is called "Chiang Saeng". Is Ethnologue wrong or are we? --JorisvS (talk) 19:28, 1 November 2011 (UTC)

 * It would appear to refer to Chiang Saen District, or maybe the Lanna Kingdom which also went by that name. That's a final -n in Thai script. "Chiang Saeng" crops up primarily for languages; I don't know if that's a standardized spelling or a typo on E's part that's been copied a lot. It does occur elsewhere, but is uncommon, suggesting it may be an independent typo? Here, for example, there's one instance of "Chiang Saeng" but six of "Chiang Saen", and it looks like they may be referring to the same place. "Chiang Saeng" is large enough for an air terminal, so it would be odd if it were a separate place and didn't show up in a search. I tried dong a search in Thai and didn't find anything, but there are so many possible spelling changes that would be transliterated the same that that doesn't mean much.
 * Got the -n spelling in ling too, though it's rare, so it could be a typo the other way. But the only occurrence of Kadai + -ng on GBooks is E and quotes taken from E. The term does not seem to appear in Diller (2008) The Tai-Kadai Languages except as the place name "Chieng Saen". — kwami (talk) 20:31, 1 November 2011 (UTC)

Tai sub-branching
(The new articles were created by Kwami)

Pittayaporn's tree is still a very provisional, and "iffy," one, though there is probably a lot of truth to it simply because there's more data available in 2009 than in, say, the 1970's. In the academic literature, "Yongnan" is never referred to as a branch that includes Northern Tai, but rather as one of the 13 dialect groupings of Zhuang that can be subsumed under one of the three primary branches of Tai. Zuojiang Zhuang languages and Chongzuo Tai languages should also be redirected or deleted. Instead, there should be an article on Central Tai languages, since that is a well-accepted grouping.

Central Tai is not supported by Pittayaporn, but nearly all prior publications in the field of comparative Tai linguistics support or assume the existence of Central Tai. Thus, Central Tai merits an article far more than the newly made-up Chongzuo Tai, Zuojiang Zhuang, and Yongnan.

The following articles are unsound, and should be redirected to a new article on the Central Tai languages.

 * Chongzuo Tai languages
 * Zuojiang Zhuang languages
 * Yongnan languages

— Stevey7788 (talk) 08:41, 3 March 2012 (UTC)

 * The latter two have ISO codes, and so are relevant if only for that reason. I think Pittayaporn would argue that Central Tai is not sound.

 * I restructured the Yongnan article so as to not imply that it's the name of a branch of Tai, but rather a putative language. Zuojiang already read that way. The Chongzuo article is clear that it's a proposal specific to Pittayaporn. If you have a preference for a different name, let us know. — kwami (talk) 08:48, 3 March 2012 (UTC)

history of Tai language migration
Academic experts recommended consulting the works of Joe Pittayaporn

https://www.lib.washington.edu/SouthEastAsia/vsg/elist_2011/Understanding%20Trung%20Sisters.htm

Rajmaan (talk) 21:47, 20 December 2014 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 07:33, 30 April 2016 (UTC)

some more sources
A French version (2014) of Michel Ferlus' Formation of Ethnonyms in Southeast Asia (2009) which contains more information about ethonyms. .

Read further Kra-Dai and the Proto-History of South China and Vietnam (2016) by James R. Chamberlain.

I am thinking of adding Chamberlain's paper to this article, but haven't yet got time. Maybe somebody else would do this. Dirtolin1234 (talk) 13:05, 28 November 2016 (UTC)

Edmondson (2013)
Edmondson (2013) has been added, which shows Central Tai to be a branch. Central Tai corresponds to Pittayaporn's (2009) Node A, of which SW Tai is simply a subgroup of. — Stevey7788 (talk) 06:01, 27 December 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tai languages


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Talk:Shawn Michaels

Two Dudes with Attitudes
Why is this the subject for the entire era of 92-95 for Michaels' career? Diesel did not even debut in WWE until mid 93 and never teamed with Michaels until mid 1994. If you want to get really technical about it, they actually did not even use that team name until mid 1995. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.38.209.220 (talk) 20:48, 21 June 2019 (UTC)

Main eventing v closing
Shawn has closed Wrestlemania twice? At 12 and 14. He has main evented at 5 WMs. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 78.109.10.6 (talk) 10:08, 26 March 2013 (UTC)

Wrestlemania 26
Anybody got any sources proving that Shawn retires? During the March 29th broadcast of RAW, Shaun formally announced his retirement from the WWE. 66.108.211.178 (talk) 20:41, 27 March 2010 (UTC)

There is apparently a radio interview with Shawn saying he is retiring somewhere but I imagine that is just hype to make people buy the show. We won't know for sure until the match has finished Tezzrexx (talk) 14:35, 28 March 2010 (UTC) On the January 2, 2017 episode of Raw, it was announced that Michaels would appear on the January 9 episode of Raw. Not retired, taking time off. It was reported back in January he was taking time off from after Mania til around Mid-End of Summer. 91.105.9.60 (talk) 05:01, 29 March 2010 (UTC)

Guys, don't even do something like this. He is retired for good, he said it on RAW the night after WrestleMania. I was sad to cause I never could have thought he would have thought he would retire, but I just can't go through that again, if he came back and left like that again I don't think I could watch WWE again.--Nascarking (talk) 03:01, 8 July 2010 (UTC)

There's a video on Youtube, an interview of Triple H in which he says "there's guys like Shawn Michaels who say I've had a hell of a run and I want to go out on a high note". That does mean Shawn's retired, right? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Shreek314 (talk • contribs) 15:39, 9 September 2010 (UTC)

Edit request
Post Wrestlemania(Topic) Shawn Michaels has thoughts on making a reality show about his life and family after his wrestling career —Preceding unsigned comment added by 174.6.133.255 (talk) 02:25, 4 April 2010 (UTC)

editsemiprotected

Shawn Michaels was defeated by the Undertaker at Wrestlemania 26 in a streak versus retirement match, forcing Shawn to retire from professional wrestling. ON March 28, 2010

source www.wwe.com

Tkeiffer (talk) 02:56, 29 March 2010 (UTC)

wow shawn .that was hell of of a match we love you all the the best. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.229.27.173 (talk) 03:10, 29 March 2010 (UTC)

 * This is not a request to edit the article. As it says on the template, we need a specific request for a change, with a specific reference supporting it. You have provided neither. Hers fold  (t/a/c) 03:39, 29 March 2010 (UTC)

If anybody thinks that Shawn Michaels is retiring is a complete mark. The whole "retirement" stipulation is a work. If you've watched wrestling long enough you are smart enough to know that. There is no proof that he is indeed retiring. Shawn Michaels is NOT retiring and anybody who is stupid enough to believe something that is a work is a complete moron.

Tkeiffer (talk) 04:51, 29 March 2010 (UTC)Shawn has been have his back flare up on him for the past year and has been talking of retiring from active wrestling for a couple of years. There are rumors that he will be put in a training position, or possibly even an announcing position after he takes time off to be with his family.

He hasn't retired, its just a way of writing him out of storylines and the company, Although Michaels has set a retirement date, WrestleMania 26 wasn't it, people who believe he has retired believe kayfabe too much. 91.105.9.60 (talk) 05:05, 29 March 2010 (UTC)

Tkeiffer (talk) 05:11, 29 March 2010 (UTC)who ever you are, since you will not sign your name. I believe no kayfabe at all, ever since I was in wrestling school under Allen Sarven, I have known about the inner workings of "the Fed". Tkeiffer (talk) 05:16, 29 March 2010 (UTC)BTW, retiring from active wrestling doesn't mean he will never work another match, it just means he will not be an active member of the roster, giving him ample opportunity to spend time with his young children and to focus on his faith, which he feels is not really compatible with WWE's life on the road. If a year or two down the road he decides to come back into active wrestling, it will be no different from the last time he retired. He has no plans to be an active wrestler in the near future. Tkeiffer (talk) 05:26, 29 March 2010 (UTC)http://pwtorch.com/artman2/publish/WWE_News_3/article_40194.shtml

Taker doesn't leave character, hug another wrestler, and potentially ruin his gimmick for storyline purposes. He was really caught up in the moment because he has a lot of respect for his fellow legend that he has carried the WWE with for the past 2 decades. He would only do something like that for HBK. I've NEVER seen him do that on live national television before. HBK was also seen crying and spent about 20 minutes telling the fans goodbye. It's over and I am sitting here in tears that some fans are busy questioning all this instead of thanking HBK for a memorable, storied career and many great moments he gave us all. Also, sign your posts. 65.31.103.28 (talk) 05:33, 29 March 2010 (UTC)

Taker did the same thing for Ric Flair, on Flair's "farewell" Raw, though not until after Raw went off the air, to preserve kafaybe. (Vince did as well) TyVulpine (talk) 03:33, 30 March 2010 (UTC)

Not to mention that 'taker didn't hug Shawn. He tipped his hat to Shawn and left. Undertaker did hug Flair, though, when Flair left "active wrestling," and it seems that Flair is over on TNA, more or less actively wrestling, which defeats that point totally. 68.192.215.104 (talk) 03:29, 23 June 2010 (UTC)

Edit request
Shawn michaels' career is over

117.193.141.221 (talk) 08:21, 29 March 2010 (UTC)

 * Requests to edit semi-protected articles must be accompanied by reference(s) to reliable sources.  Chzz  ►  08:43, 29 March 2010 (UTC)

your a mark if u believe michaels is not retiring. theres several things on web that prove that he has indeed done just that —Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.58.50.108 (talk) 17:55, 6 April 2010 (UTC)

Edit request from 97.97.63.62, 30 March 2010
During the March 29th edition of RAW. Shaun formally announced his retirement.

 * Until we have a source for this, there is not a need to change the article. Please let us know when you have a good source, and will will make the change.
 * Avic enna sis @ 04:43, 30 March 2010 (UTC)

I would think that by watching that epsiode would count as the first/best source on that. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.246.147.235 (talk) 22:57, 2 April 2010 (UTC)

HBK's Picture is disturbing
He looks like Chris Benoit, can we have a picture change please?--Dr. Pizza (talk) 22:54, 31 March 2010 (UTC)
 * Sorry, but to which of the 14 images in HBK's article are you referring? I personally don't see a resemblance to Chris Benoit in any of them, and I don't really consider that to be a good reason to change an image anyway. ♥ Nici ♥ Vampire ♥ Heart ♥ 12:31, 1 April 2010 (UTC)

Grammar on a caption
It's been a long time since I've been in school, let alone an English class. The image of Shawn Michaels hugging Bret Hart reads this: "Michaels reconsiliates with Bret Hart in January 2010." Shouldn't it say reconciles? Again, I've been out of school a looooong time so I might be wrong. The caption just doesn't seem right. Kjscotte34 (talk) 13:25, 1 April 2010 (UTC)
 * Hmm, I believe it could be "reconciles" or "reconciliates". The article certainly has it spelt wrong, but I don't know if it's grammatically wrong. I think "Michaels reconciles with Bret Hart in January 2010" sounds better though, so I'm going to be bold and change it. ♥ Nici ♥ Vampire ♥ Heart ♥ 13:41, 1 April 2010 (UTC)

Hall of Fame
Apologize,misread. Ignore this plz. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.246.147.235 (talk) 23:01, 2 April 2010 (UTC)
 * Where exactly in the article are you seeing it said that he was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame? I don't see it myself. ♥ Nici ♥ Vampire ♥ Heart ♥ 23:26, 2 April 2010 (UTC)
 * Not a problem. ♥ Nici ♥ Vampire ♥ Heart ♥ 01:21, 3 April 2010 (UTC)

Edit request from 86.12.167.6, 8 April 2010
Hey, please can u remove the 'Sean Michaels'

86.12.167.6 (talk) 12:47, 8 April 2010 (UTC)
 * ✅- It was mal-sourced and definitely untrue information. Feed  back  ☎ 12:59, 8 April 2010 (UTC)

Edit Nicknames
Please add the "Boy Toy" to his list of niknames. IOt was one of his nicknames back on the 1993-1994 perion, when Sherri was still his valet. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.54.41.119 (talk) 13:35, 8 April 2010 (UTC)
 * , all content must be verifiable via a reliable source, I've done a quick search for this, and cannot find any source that suggest that Michaels ever had the nickname "IOt" or "Boy Toy". If you find a source, please resubmit the request, clearing stating the source in the request. Regards, SpitfireTally-ho! 13:57, 8 April 2010 (UTC)

I believe "IOt" was a typo.66.108.211.43 (talk) 22:47, 3 November 2010 (UTC)

Change to introduction necessary
In the second line of the introduction, the statement "He was considered as one of WWE's senior performers..." is tautological and misleading. He was not "considered" one of the senior performers, he WAS one of the senior performers. It is self evident, based on his 22 years of tenure with the company. A far more appropriate and coherent statement would be "During his tenure with the WWE, Michaels was considered one of WWE's greatest and most perennial performers..." For such a high profile sport-entertainer/athlete, an immediate change needs to be implemented.

Thanks —Preceding unsigned comment added by 124.170.173.12 (talk) 16:26, 15 April 2010 (UTC)
 * Saying "Michaels was considered one of WWE's greatest and most perennial performers" is POV. -- ThinkBlue   (Hit   BLUE)  16:31, 15 April 2010 (UTC)

Reason for retirement
Does anyone have any sources as to why he decided to quit wresting and retire for good? Personal Life reasons not WWE storylined. —Preceding unsigned comment added by ToonIsALoon (talk • contribs) 10:07, 18 June 2010 (UTC)

He needed a break. His back was giving him a terrible time, and under medical advice, he was looking at taking an extended break. In WWE that means retire. Comebacks are always possible. The story we heard (related to a RL friend of rebecca) was professionals (not wrestling/gimmick doctors) told him take a break and rebuild your back, or suffer with it a few years and maybe do permanent damage that no surgery/rest will fix. TNA/Carter contacted him when it became obvious in wwe programming he was taking time out about appearing there. It was an adamant 'no' as it is a genuine rest or regret it issue.121.216.99.172 (talk) 15:10, 16 July 2010 (UTC)

I heard no reports about Shawn's back giving him trouble. After surgery in 1999 to repair his back, doctors told him he would never wrestle again. However, Around 2000 Shawn considered a ring return and actually did wrestle one match in his own federation (the twa), to see how his back responded. He was fine, and eventually decided to return to the ring in 2001, but due to drug problems, it never happened. All reports from the last few years say that Shawn's back is fine, but only the worst of the damage was repaired. He said as of 2007, that he still has some screws to remove, and 2 more discs that will need fusing down the road, but it was not an immediate need. It is widely assumed that when Shawn has the final 2 discs fused, that he could not legitimatley wrestle anymore. He always looked at doing that when he was an older man, in his 50's.

Michaels knees were in worse shape than his back, and it is for that reason, that he looked at taking a long break, eventually deciding to retire. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.211.139.239 (talk) 14:18, 20 October 2010 (UTC)

Change in introduction, giving more credit
There is a line that I would like to add in the introduction page: 'He is widely considered one of the greatest wrestlers of all time.' after the line 'having performed for over 20 years,'. I feel the page doesn't give enough credit to Shawn and his great influence in the world of sports entertainment. Bret Hart & Ric Flair's pages have similar lines, declaring them as either legendary or great. I feel Shawn deserves the exact same thing, and here is proof/reference by Shawn's peers & his boss (Vince McMahon) in Shawn's DVD 'Heartbreak & Triumph'.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M86R5J12VtM

I've never edited/added info to a page, so I'd be grateful if someone did it or shows me how to. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Amreletr (talk • contribs) 13:50, 28 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Adding that he is widely considered "one of the greatest wrestlers of all time" is point-of-view and original research, thus not acceptable as this is an encyclopedia, not a fansite. -- ThinkBlue   (Hit   BLUE)  14:16, 28 June 2010 (UTC)

I agree if that was my own personal POV only. However, I did bring a reference showing his peers stating that he's the best they've ever wrestled. It would be unfair to add that line to other pages such as Ric Flair's or Bret Hart's and not add it to Shawn Michaels.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ric_flair http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bret_Hart

Like I said, it's not only my personal POV, and if it is not a fansite, then why do other wrestlers such as the ones mentioned above have a 'POV' line in their pages. Thanks. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Amreletr (talk • contribs) 10:33, 1 July 2010 (UTC)

Edit request from 66.156.98.97, 12 July 2010
editsemiprotected

there should be 1 more nickname added since people have debated this for years " 1 of the greatest wrestlers of all time"

66.156.98.97 (talk) 07:45, 12 July 2010 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. Salvio ( Let's talk 'bout it!) 10:53, 12 July 2010 (UTC)
 * He was never known as that, and never referred to himself as that. -- ThinkBlue   (Hit   BLUE)  14:38, 12 July 2010 (UTC)

return to wwe?
he didnt return it was one night only —Preceding unsigned comment added by 97.100.146.210 (talk) 20:59, 22 December 2010 (UTC)

Edit request March 1st 2011
And I quote:"On the March 28 episode of Raw, Michaels addressed his long time friend Triple H and The Undertaker about their match at WrestleMania XXVII" I think it was the February 28 episode of Raw as March 28 is still ahead of us.
 * Thanks for catching that. -- ThinkBlue   (Hit   BLUE)  18:53, 1 March 2011 (UTC)

Edit request from Viknesann, 15 March 2011
The WWE ranked him at # 1 in their list of "Top 50 Superstars of all Time"

Viknesann (talk) 14:16, 15 March 2011 (UTC)
 * How is that important in the article? -- ThinkBlue   (Hit   BLUE)  14:56, 15 March 2011 (UTC)

Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. It would be relevant if we had a source. Viknesann, if you have a reliable source which verifies this claim, it can be added with a citation to the article. If you do, please make a new edit request with that reference. Thanks. Qwyrxian (talk) 23:52, 15 March 2011 (UTC)

Edit request from Belowcopy, 29 May 2011
Take off that bit about "Sports entertainment" dude if not, then go insert it into every wrestlers bio. Everybody knows what pro wrestling is it dosen't need to be defined as "a form of sports entertainment"

PWI of the Decade Awards
I thought I read this in a PWI Magazine that Michaels won, Most Inspirational, Feud (with Chris Jericho) and Match of the Decade (WrestleMania XXIV against Ric Flair) of the Decade Award from PWI? Can anyone verify it? 202.161.9.176 (talk) 12:09, 22 March 2011 (UTC)

removed ring name
Why was my changes to shawns ring names and billed from sections removed Shawn competed as Shawn Michael and was billed from Georgia throughout his career in WCCW. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 2.102.61.101 (talk) 23:35, 12 April 2011 (UTC)
 * Sources please. Nici  Vampire  Heart  23:43, 12 April 2011 (UTC)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EjfOdMBB934 —Preceding unsigned comment added by 2.102.61.101 (talk) 13:21, 15 April 2011 (UTC) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P-dZ3Ngp2ZI in this he is billed as shawn micheal but uses san antonio as where he is billed from —Preceding unsigned comment added by 2.102.61.101 (talk) 13:25, 15 April 2011 (UTC)
 * Please see WP:LINKVIO. We cannot link to known copyright violations. Neither of those youtube uploaders owns the copyright to that footage, so it's a copyright violation. Nici  Vampire  Heart  18:54, 17 April 2011 (UTC)

Is Shawn Michaels the first WWF and European champion?
Its has to be certain in this article. AnthonyTheGamer (talk) 10:32, 20 August 2011 (UTC) Anthonythegamer

Lazy Eye?
Is it me or during the last couple of years of his in-ring stint did Shawn develop a lazy eye? Looking back over time both eyes seeem normal, but recently they seem to be odd. Can anyone confirm? TheHeartbreakKid15 (talk) 01:21, 10 October 2011 (UTC)
 * Years of being piledriven, chair-shotted, suplexed and whatever else eventually caused a turn in his left eye. He had to get surgery for it and was written of television, the reason being that Jericho had allegedly injured Michaels' eye during a ruckus. It once looked a HELL of a lot worse than it does now.

edit request - commissioner photo caption
The photo of Shawn as commissioner in 1998 is wrong. You can see the modern Raw set and logos in the background, its from the last couple of years, not 1998. A new picture or a different caption is required. Thanks! - perrynormal — Preceding unsigned comment added by Perrynormal (talk • contribs) 18:06, 16 February 2012 (UTC)

Wrong Twitter name
It's @ShawnMichaels now, verified --208.38.59.162 (talk) 22:36, 29 February 2012 (UTC)

"American people of English descent"
Either provide a source for this category or remove it. Just because he spent a very brief part of his childhood in England doesn't mean he is of English descent. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.42.0.170 (talk) 15:40, 24 November 2012 (UTC)

"Hickenbottom" is an English surname. He comes from family that has a long history in the American south, it's not inconceivable that he comes from mostly English stock. The American south is dominated by English/Scottish/Scotch-Irish(Who are English/Scottish themselves) descended people -- but the largest component is the English. Fact.

You need to stop the Anglo-phobia, and go read a book on American history. One that hasn't been rewritten by the revisionists!!!! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 94.174.68.21 (talk) 01:15, 2 April 2013 (UTC)

Stables
He was also a member of nWo in 2002. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shawn_michaels#cite_note-76 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 91.21.135.223 (talk) 21:03, 8 May 2013 (UTC)

Sexuality
Can we not address the allegations that have been made of his either gay or bi-sexual relationship with Vince McMahon amongst others? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.110.21.134 (talk) 21:32, 4 December 2013 (UTC)

Drug use
I saw in a video with Scott Hall that Michaels was actually a bad drug addict and abused pain killers. --Matt723star (talk) 04:28, 1 June 2013 (UTC)

Why was the page moved?
I'm assuming good faith, but this was done improperly. WP:COMMONNAME clearly applies here. Mr. Hickenbottom is better known as Shawn Michaels. Kjscotte34 (talk) 16:19, 18 June 2013 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 27 January 2014
DylanTheRookie (talk) 18:58, 27 January 2014 (UTC) Shawn Micheals Since Retirement, Likes to Hunt, Fish, And Hang Out With his Family On His Ranch.
 * ❌ Thanks for you interest, but the content you submitted is not in spirit of the encyclopaedia.  Ethically  Yours! 16:10, 29 January 2014 (UTC)

Edit Request - Feb 2, 2014
Michaels made a return at the 2014 Royal Rumble, as a member of the guest panel as a face. Later during the event, he said that he still had faith in Daniel Bryan becoming the future WWE World Heavyweight Champion. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.129.242.59 (talk) 11:37, 2 February 2014 (UTC)

Sunny and Stephanie Mcmahon
A have a question about Shawn Michaels but I did not find the answer of that:

 * Shawn Michaels has kissed Sunny and Stephanie Mcmahon!

Is that sentence right? If that sentence is correct please introduction a reference about they. thanks WWE Shawn Michaels (talk) 10:45, 7 June 2014 (UTC)

Edit Request - July 17, 2014
All of my changes involve this paragraph, I've included it for easier reference:

"In the WWF/WWE, Michaels headlined major pay-per-view events from 1989 to 2010, main-eventing the company's premier annual event, WrestleMania, five times. He was a key player in the highly successful stable, Degeneration X. He also wrestled in the American Wrestling Association (AWA), where he founded The Midnight Rockers with Marty Jannetty in 1985. After winning the AWA Tag Team Championship twice, the team continued through to the WWF, and had a high-profile breakup in January 1992."

Shouldn't it be something more like the following?

"Michaels first wrestled in the American Wrestling Association (AWA), where he founded The Midnight Rockers with Marty Jannetty in 1985. After winning the AWA Tag Team Championship twice, the team continued through to the WWF, and had a high-profile breakup in January 1992. In the WWF/WWE, he headlined major pay-per-view events from 1989 to 2010, main-eventing the company's premier annual event, WrestleMania, five times. He was also a key player in the highly successful stable, Degeneration X.

I think it looks better if the different wrestling organizations are put in chronological order. It is obvious that his time in WWF/WWE is far more important, so that might be a better topic sentence, but I think the jumping around chronologically seems silly. Giovnni (talk) 22:35, 17 July 2014 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 29 March 2015
In "The Rockers" section, the "Butus Beefcake" is spelled wrong.

5.14.160.163 (talk) 18:51, 29 March 2015 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done Thanks, Nici  Vampire  Heart  19:56, 29 March 2015 (UTC)

Edit Request: Match Of The Year Linked Incorrectly
Under Championships & Achievments > WWF/WWE > Slammy Awards > Four-time Match of the Year, it lists his match with Ric Flair as having occured at Wrestlemania XXIII, which is the show he headlined with John Cena. He worked and retired Ric Flair at Wrestlemania XXIV.

Semi-protected Edit Request 12/22/15
http://www.wwe.com/videos/hulk-hogan-ric-flair-and-shawn-michaels-participate-in-a-royal-rumble-wwe-legend-27027632
 * The part under the subtitle "WWE ambassador" where it talks about the legend panel, did not happen on August 25, 2014. It took place on January 19, 2015. Proof:

sportzwiki.com/wwe/wwe-raw-19115-royal-rumble-legends-panel-with-hulk-hogan-ric-flair-and-shawn-michaels

Not Done ElectronicBlitz (talk) 06:57, 24 December 2018 (UTC)

A suggestion
I think there should be a section on Shawn Michaels' page regarding his legacy in pro wrestling, seeing as he is frequently cited as one of the best ever. I won't be able to pull it off, but I know there are experienced editors on this site who can create a well-written, descriptive piece on the matter. Betlewetly (talk) 13:12, 1 October 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 8 external links on Shawn Michaels. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080224000439/http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/euro/358418 to http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/euro/358418
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080105072205/http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/wwechampionship/30445415 to http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/wwechampionship/30445415
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20071112123041/http://www.wwe.com/shows/backlash/history/backlash2005/results/ to http://www.wwe.com/shows/backlash/history/backlash2005/results/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070716173509/http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/worldtagteam/4065380 to http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/worldtagteam/4065380
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080514184356/http://www.wwe.com/shows/raw/results/ to http://www.wwe.com/shows/raw/results/
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.calgaryherald.com/sports/Back%2BRing/2425695/story.html
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://blogs.orlandosentinel.com/sports_sportsstuff/2008/03/24-days-of-w-17.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080224000439/http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/euro/358418 to http://www.wwe.com/inside/titlehistory/euro/358418

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 09:08, 12 May 2017 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 4 September 2017
In the last paragraph of the lead, please change "2011 poll of the WWE roster" to "2010 poll of the WWE roster". Although the supporting reference – which covers the DVD featuring the poll result – was written in early 2011, the DVD itself premiered on 14 December 2010. Thanks. 82.132.186.182 (talk) 00:58, 4 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done Sparkling Pessimist   Scream at me!  01:15, 4 September 2017 (UTC)

Why is there no Legacy section in Shawn's page?
I saw the Legacy section in a number of other wrestlers' page and I think we have enough content and links for Shawn to have one on his page. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Honestbharani (talk • contribs) 10:57, 8 November 2018 (UTC)
 * Go for it. Best to read through the Wikipolicies, though, as people will rip the section apart if it starts to load up with user hyperbole. Sharonaj (talk) 17:28, 8 November 2018 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 24 December 2018
Shawn Michaels is not retired ElectronicBlitz (talk) 03:51, 24 December 2018 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. DannyS712 (talk) 04:39, 24 December 2018 (UTC)

No Comment ElectronicBlitz (talk) 06:55, 24 December 2018 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 4 March 2019
legitely ≠ legitimately (Use ctrl/cmd + f), grammar mistake somewhere in the 2005 to 2007 section Kalevn23 (talk) 05:41, 4 March 2019 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done   Discant  X  08:08, 4 March 2019 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 2 June 2021
I added that Shawn Michaels also won match of the decade 2010-2019 Source came from the PWI awards page on Wikipedia.

Pro Wrestling Illustrated Feud of the Decade (2000–2009) vs. Chris Jericho Feud of the Year (2008) vs. Chris Jericho Match of the Decade (2000–2009) vs. Ric Flair at WrestleMania XXIV Match of the Decade (2010-2019) vs. The Undertaker in a career vs. streak match at WrestleMania XXVI Match of the Year (1993)[239] vs. Marty Jannetty on Monday Night Raw on May 17 Match of the Year (1994)[240] vs. Razor Ramon in a ladder match at WrestleMania X Match of the Year (1995)[5] vs. Diesel at WrestleMania XI Match of the Year (1996)[5] vs. Bret Hart in an Iron Man match at WrestleMania XII Match of the Year (2004)[239] vs. Chris Benoit and Triple H at WrestleMania XX Match of the Year (2005)[239] vs. Kurt Angle at WrestleMania 21 Match of the Year (2006)[239] vs. Vince McMahon in a No Holds Barred match at WrestleMania 22 Match of the Year (2007)[239] vs. John Cena on Raw on April 23 Match of the Year (2008)[239] vs. Ric Flair at WrestleMania XXIV Match of the Year (2009)[241] vs. The Undertaker at WrestleMania XXV Match of the Year (2010) vs. The Undertaker in a career vs. streak match at WrestleMania XXVI Most Inspirational Wrestler of the Decade (2000–2009) Most Inspirational Wrestler of the Year (2010)[242] Most Popular Wrestler of the Year (1995, 1996)[240] Ranked No. 1 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 1996[243] Ranked No. 10 of the top 500 singles wrestlers of the PWI Years in 2003 Ranked No. 33 and No. 55 of the top 100 tag teams of the PWI Years with Marty Jannetty and Diesel, respectively, in 2003 Blackbear456 (talk) 21:12, 2 June 2021 (UTC)

 * ) Blackbear456 (talk) 21:13, 2 June 2021 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. Ben  ❯❯❯  Talk  17:48, 4 June 2021 (UTC)

Good Article Reassessment
Result: Delisted. Legitimate concerns, no opposition or improvements made; Matters raised in the reassessment were not addressed. These matters will remain valid until the next GA Review, whereupon they must be addressed first. --Whiteguru (talk) 05:57, 24 July 2021 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 12 January 2022
Change "Widely regarded as the greatest" to "Widely regarded as one of the greatest". 2/3 sources provided for that claim don't even list him as #1. Ajukeboxhero (talk) 20:35, 12 January 2022 (UTC)
 * ✅ ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 20:44, 12 January 2022 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 10:23, 20 October 2022 (UTC)
 * NWO logo (wrestling) column.png

Attitude Era
Request to include at least one mention of/link to the Attitude Era within the article body, if not the lede. Michaels was one of the biggest stars of the early AE before his first retirement due to injury, and in fact wrestled in the first match of the AE, versus Bret Hart, at Survivor Series (1997), ending in the Montreal Screwjob. 130.45.24.168 (talk) 02:39, 14 February 2023 (UTC)

Edit request
His first match back in 88 was actually May 31st according to wrestling database 142.186.145.221 (talk) 22:13, 18 June 2023 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 28 October 2023
Shawn Michaels has claimed to be a fan of English Football club Blackburn Rovers 2601:285:8000:E9D0:887C:B834:82FB:7003 (talk) 01:13, 28 October 2023 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. Cannolis (talk) 01:56, 28 October 2023 (UTC)

Rockers tag team title
It is a strange editorial for a wiki to suggest that the turnbuckle breaking had nothing to do with the decision to ignore the title change. No one in the WWF claimed it made the match dangerous. It just made it awful, as these two tag teams that often used the ropes, could do none of their high flying moves. Therefore, the rest of the match was just plain awful to watch. It was not a match the WWF wanted to acknowledge. That is why they gave the titles back to the Hart Foundation. To pretend the whole thing didn't happen. They were still going to put the belts on them, even after Neidhart stayed with the company. But they instead decided to push Michaels as a singles wrestler. 69.116.28.127 (talk) 04:06, 13 November 2023 (UTC)

"Tim Gambill" listed at Redirects for discussion
The redirect [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tim_Gambill&redirect=no Tim Gambill] has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Readers of this page are welcome to comment on this redirect at  until a consensus is reached. Mazewaxie ( talk  •  contribs ) 07:21, 26 April 2024 (UTC)

"WWE:FE's Shawn Michaels" listed at Redirects for discussion
The redirect [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WWE:FE%27s_Shawn_Michaels&redirect=no WWE:FE's Shawn Michaels] has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Readers of this page are welcome to comment on this redirect at  until a consensus is reached. Mazewaxie ( talk  •  contribs ) 07:22, 26 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Shawn Michaels


text:
De Havilland Sea Vixen

The de Havilland DH.110 Sea Vixen is a British twin-engine, twin boom-tailed, two-seat, carrier-based fleet air-defence fighter flown by the Royal Navy's Fleet Air Arm from the 1950s to the early 1970s. The Sea Vixen was designed by the de Havilland Aircraft Company during the late 1940s at its Hatfield aircraft factory in Hertfordshire, developed from the company's earlier first generation jet fighters. It was later called the Hawker Siddeley Sea Vixen after de Havilland was absorbed by the Hawker Siddeley Corporation in 1960.

The Sea Vixen had the distinction of being the first British two-seat combat aircraft to achieve supersonic speed, albeit not in level flight. Operating from British aircraft carriers, it was used in combat over Tanganyika and over Yemen during the Aden Emergency. In 1972, the Sea Vixen was phased out in favour of the American-made McDonnell Douglas Phantom FG.1 interceptor. There have been no flying Sea Vixens since 2017.

Origins
In 1946, the de Havilland Aircraft Company conducted discussions with the British Admiralty on its requirements for a future jet-powered all-weather, radar-equipped fighter. From these talks, it became clear that the aircraft would need a crew of two to handle its radar and navigation equipment, as well as to fly the fighter, and that two engines were required for a safety factor over the ocean, and that swept wings were desirable. The fighter would also have a moderate wing loading for manoeuvrability at altitude and acceptable takeoff and landing performance from aircraft carriers. Highly effective wing flaps would be needed for landing and taking off.

de Havilland decided to pursue development of a design to meet the requirements of the British Royal Navy. The proposed aircraft, which was designated as the DH.110 by de Havilland, was a twin-engined all-weather fighter.

The design of the DH 110 used the twin-boom-tail design layout of the de Havilland Vampire and de Havilland Venom. It had an all-metal structure, 45-degree swept wings, and an armament of four 30 mm ADEN cannons. The DH 110 was to be powered by a pair of Rolls-Royce Avon turbojet engines, each capable of generating 7500 lbf of thrust, which would allow the aircraft to become supersonic in a shallow dive. The DH 110 had the distinction of being the first British two-seat combat plane to achieve supersonic speed.

In January 1947, specifications N.40/46 and F.44/46 were issued by the British Air Ministry for similar night fighters to equip the Fleet Air Arm (FAA) and Royal Air Force (RAF). de Havilland submitted its proposal for the DH 110 to both services. As initially submitted the RAF version had Metrovick F.9 engines, although these would soon be known as the Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire when Metrovick sold its engine division.

In response, nine DH 110 prototypes were ordered for the RAF (together with four of the competing Gloster Javelin) and four prototypes for the Fleet Air Arm.

By early 1949 the DH.110 design was expected to be adaptable to fulfil four requirements: F4/48, F5/49 (a long range RAF fighter), N.40/46 (naval night fighter) and N.8/49 (naval strike aircraft). To this end the prototypes required would be three for F.4/48, four for common RAF and RN development, and two each for the other three roles and by July the authorities were ready to order the 13 prototypes

In 1949, however, the Royal Navy decided to procure the de Havilland Sea Venom which, as a development of an existing aircraft, was cheaper, and would be available sooner to meet its immediate needs for a jet-powered night fighter to replace its fleet of piston-engined de Havilland Sea Hornets and Vought F4U Corsairs. The RAF decided to cut its order to two prototypes. Despite this setback, de Havilland elected to continue work on the DH 110 while trying to recapture official interest in the type.

On 26 September 1951, an initial prototype was completed and conducted its maiden flight from the Hatfield Aerodrome, flown by the test pilot John Cunningham. Early flight tests of the prototype demonstrated that the aircraft's performance exceeded expectations. By the following year, the prototype was regularly flying in excess of the speed of sound.

However, tragedy struck while the first prototype DH 110 (serial number WG236) was demonstrated at the Farnborough Airshow on 6 September 1952. Following a demonstration of its ability to break the sound barrier during a low level flight, the aircraft disintegrated and debris landed in the midst of spectators killing 31 people, including the crew of two, the test pilot John Derry and his flight-test observer, Tony Richards.

Subsequent investigation of the accident traced the failure to faulty design of the wing leading edge section ahead of the main spar. The design had been satisfactory for the earlier Vampire and Venom but not for the higher stresses induced by the rolling pull-out manoeuvre at 650 mph flown by the DH110 prototype at Farnborough. The leading edge skin, without the extra reinforcing structure that would be added later, buckled, which resulted in the outer portions of the swept-back wings being torn off (similar display routines had been flown on preceding days by the other prototype DH110 which had an aerodynamic fence providing external stiffening for the skin located precisely over the area where the buckling originated. ). The subsequent shift in the DH 110's centre of pressure caused the aircraft to pitch up, the cockpit and tail sections breaking away and the engines being torn from the airframe by the g loading. One of the engines hit an area crowded with spectators at the end of the runway, causing the majority of the deaths. Sixty other spectators were injured by debris from the cockpit landing close to the main spectator enclosures alongside the runway. This incident led to a restructuring of safety regulations for air shows in the UK, and no member of the public died as a result of a British airshow flight for more than 62 years, until the crash of a Hawker Hunter warbird killed 11 people during the Shoreham Air Show on 22 August 2015.

Redesign and navalisation
In response to the loss of the first prototype de Havilland introduced modifications to the design which were implemented on the remaining second prototype. These changes included the adoption of an all-moving tailplane, and cambered leading edge extensions. The modified prototype did not return to flight until July 1954. As a result of these changes the DH 110 was no longer able to exceed the speed of sound, only reaching Mach 0.95 in a steep dive where its controls were immovable until passing 10000 ft. By this time, the Royal Air Force announced the abandonment of its interest in the DH 110, after deciding to buy the Gloster Javelin instead; However, the Fleet Air Arm had decided that it would adopt the aircraft as a replacement for its interim fleet of Sea Venoms. In February 1955, an order was placed for 110 navalised aircraft, which received the name Sea Vixen.

In addition to tailoring the aircraft for carrier-based operation by the Royal Navy, de Havilland implemented major changes to the Sea Vixen during its redesign. Throughout the 1950s, when the DH 110 design was still being evolved, major advances had occurred in subsystems such as weaponry, fire-control system, radar equipment, and cockpit instrumentation. The concept of an aircraft being an integrated weapons system had proliferated, where sensors such as the radar would be more directly tied into navigation and weapons systems. de Havilland included this concept in the design of the Sea Vixen. According to aviation author David Hobbs, it was the first British fighter aircraft to be designed in this manner.

In June 1955, a semi-navalised prototype, XF828, was completed for the purpose of conducting carrier flight deck suitability trials. For this purpose, XF828 featured several changes, including the alteration of the profile of the wing leading edges and the strengthening of the wings, as well as underwing fixture points for catapult launches, and a tailhook for arrested landings; however, the prototype lacked a wing folding mechanism, or racks for armaments. On 20 June 1955, this aircraft made its first flight from de Havilland's facility at Christchurch Airfield in Dorset. The following year, XF828 performed its first arrested deck landing on the Royal Navy's aircraft carrier HMS Ark Royal (R09).

In April 1956, the finalised production drawings were formally issued. The fully navalised production Sea Vixen featured a number of improvements over earlier development models. These included the addition of a powered folding wing system, reinforcement of the landing gear to withstand the additional stresses of carrier landings, a steerable nose wheel, a revised tail unit, and the redesigning of the fuselage to carry armament. On 20 March 1957, the first true Sea Vixen, designated as the Sea Vixen FAW.20 (fighter all-weather, later redesignated FAW.1), performed its first flight. This aircraft was promptly used for clearance trials, in particular for addressing handling problems; the second production aircraft was used for engineering trials and the third aircraft for conducting radar trials. On 2 July 1959, the first Sea Vixen-equipped squadron was formed.

Production Sea Vixens were manufactured at first by de Havilland at its former World War II Airspeed Ltd. "shadow factory" at Christchurch near Bournemouth, starting in March 1957. In August 1962, all production was moved to another de Havilland factory located at Hawarden, near Chester.

Further development
Beyond the initial FAW.1 model, de Havilland proceeded with the development of an improved variant, which was subsequently designated as the Sea Vixen FAW.2. This served as the successor to the FAW.1 and included many improvements. As well as Firestreak missiles, it could carry the Red Top air-to-air missile, four SNEB rocket pods, and the AGM-12 Bullpup air-to-ground missile.

Its enlarged tail boom allowed for additional fuel tanks in the "pinion" extensions above and in front of the wing leading edge, there was an improved escape system and additional room for more electronic countermeasures (ECM) equipment. However, the changes in aerodynamics meant that the 1,000 lb bomb could no longer be carried. Visually the FAW.1 and FAW.2 could be distinguished by the tail booms which extended forward over the wing leading edges of the FAW.2.

In 1962, the Sea Vixen FAW.2 conducted its maiden flight; the type entered service with frontline squadrons in 1964. Overall, a total of 29 FAW.2s were newly built along with a further 67 FAW.1s that were rebuilt and upgraded to FAW.2 standard. In 1966, the original FAW.1 begun to be phased out. In 1972, the career of the Sea Vixen FAW.2 came to an end.

The Sea Vixen FAW2 could be armed with up to four Hawker Siddeley Red Top infrared-homing missiles with all-aspect capability (can be fired against a head-on target). The Red Top could home on to heat sources generated by kinetic heating of a fast-approaching supersonic target such as the Tupolev Tu-22 Blinder bomber. The Red Top system was integrated into the AI 18R (R for Red Top) radar. From 1969 the Sea Vixen FAW2 practiced intercepts of a supersonic target against the Concorde SST in flight tests over the Irish Sea.

The Admiralty had planned to replace the Sea Vixen with the McDonnell Douglas Phantom FG.1. The aircraft carriers HMS Ark Royal and HMS Eagle (R05) were both planned to be refitted to properly carry and fly the new fighters. Due to defence cuts, and following the decommissioning of HMS Eagle, only HMS Ark Royal underwent the conversion work to fly the new Phantom FG.1.

A small number of Sea Vixens subsequently saw service as drones, in which capacity they were redesignated as the Sea Vixen D.3. Only four aircraft were converted to the D.3 standard, though three more were dispatched to Farnborough to undergo conversion, but ultimately went unconverted. The last remaining airworthy Sea Vixen (XP924) was a D3 conversion. A number of other Sea Vixens became target tugs and were redesignated as the Sea Vixen TT.2.

Design

The de Havilland Sea Vixen was a jet-powered fleet defence fighter, equipped with a modern radar and air-to-air missiles for its primary role. When it entered service, it was the first British aircraft to be solely armed with missiles, rockets and bombs; this made it the first fighter aircraft operated by the Fleet Air Arm with no gun armament. The Sea Vixen FAW.1 was armed with four de Havilland Firestreak air-to-air missiles, while the Sea Vixen FAW.2 could also carry the later, more capable Red Top missile. The original DH.110 design offered to the RAF was armed with four cannon before soon being replaced with an all-missile armament. The Red Top homing head was pointed in the direction of the target by slaving it to the AI18 radar, which was operated by the observer.

In addition to its principal fleet-defence role, the Sea Vixen was also used in the ground-attack role for which it could be armed with two Microcell unguided two-inch (51 mm) rocket packs, Bullpup air-to-ground missiles, and four 500 lb or two 1,000 lb bombs. The Sea Vixen was equipped with a refuelling probe for aerial refuelling from tanker aircraft to extend its range. It could also be equipped as a tanker for refueling other aircraft. The Sea Vixen FAW.1 was cleared to carry the Red Beard free-fall nuclear bomb in the event of an "extreme operational emergency".

The Sea Vixen was powered by a pair of Rolls-Royce Avon 208 turbojet engines and could reach a maximum speed of 690 mph and a range of up to 600 mi. It had a twin-boom tail configuration, as used on the earlier de Havilland Sea Vampire and Sea Venom fighter aircraft. The internal volume of the tail boom was used for both fuel and avionics, and was considerably enlarged for this purpose on the improved Sea Vixen FAW.2. The twin-boom tail reduced the length and height of the aircraft, which reduced the stowage area and head-room required onboard aircraft carriers; it also minimised asymmetry during single engine flying, reduced the length of the jet pipes and improved maintenance access.

The fuselage comprises several sections, the principal being the one-piece central and stub-wing assembly section. The front fuselage, composed of the pressurised cabin, the airbrake below the pressure flooring and the radar compartment, and its hinged radome are mounted upon four attachments on the forward face of the front spar. Various electrical compartments are located aft of the front spar, above the wing, which are accessible through hatches. The engines are installed within the main fuselage aft of the main box; they could be removed from the fuselage for servicing via detachable panels on the upper fuselage surface. Sections of the fuselage skin were chemically milled while other parts were machine milled. The powered folding wing made use of a pair of wing-fold joints which involved a total of six main attachment points.

The Sea Vixen had a crew of two, a pilot and a radar operator. The pilot's canopy was offset to the left-hand side of the fuselage, while the radar operator sat to the right completely within the fuselage, the latter gaining access to his position through a flush-fitting top hatch, nicknamed the "Coal Hole". The observer's position was darkened and located deeper down into the fuselage, improving the visibility of the radar imagery. Both positions were fitted with fully automated height adjustable Martin-Baker Mk.4 ejector seats, which were capable of being deployed under a range of conditions and circumstances, including the aircraft being submerged in water. Each crew member had a single centralised service connector comprising circuits that served ventilated g-suits as well as controls for humidity and temperature for crew comfort. The windscreen of the pilots canopy had a 'knife edge' positioned in center for rain and weather shedding.

The flying controls of the Sea Vixen were relatively complex with a fully powered tailplane, ailerons, and rudder; these controls remained usable even in the absence of electrical power, such as in the event of a double engine failure. Actuation of the powered flight control surfaces was provided by a pair of independent hydraulic systems and typically featured variable gearing of control movements over differing speeds. An intricate three-section flap arrangement was employed, partially due to the nature of the wing's geometry. The navigation, flight instrumentation and communications equipment included ground and air position indicators, a reference gyro, an autopilot capable of maintaining altitude and speed as well as yaw and pitch damping, tactical air navigation system (TACAN), and ultra high frequency (UHF) radio system.

Operational history
The aircraft did not take part in any true wars during its career with the Fleet Air Arm though it took part in many operations. In 1961, President Abdul Karim Kassem of Iraq threatened to annex the neighbouring oil-rich state of Kuwait. In response to Kuwait's appeal for external help, the United Kingdom dispatched a number of ships to the region, including two fleet carriers. Sea Vixens aboard the fleet carriers flew patrols in the region, and Kassem's aggressive actions wilted in the face of the strong naval presence, thus averting a war over Kuwait.

In January 1964, trouble flared in the East African state of Tanganyika after the 1st and 2nd Tanganyika Rifles mutinied against the British officers and NCOs who, despite Tanganyika being independent, still commanded the regiment. The mutineers also seized the British High Commissioner and the airport at the capital Dar es Salaam. The UK responded by sending the light fleet carrier HMS Centaur (R06), accompanied by 45 Commando, Royal Marines. The Sea Vixens, flying off Centaur, performed a number of duties including the providing of cover for the Royal Marines who were landed in Tanganyika by helicopters. The operation "to restore Tanganyika to stability" ended in success. That same year, Sea Vixens of HMS Centaur saw service once again in the Persian Gulf, including the launch of air strikes against rebel forces, this time supporting British forces fighting against locals disgruntled by the loss of tolls in the Radfan. Later in 1964, HMS Centaur's 892 Squadron Sea Vixens stationed off Indonesia, helped to prevent an escalation of President Sukarno's Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation.

Sea Vixens saw further service during the 1960s, performing duties on Beira Patrol, a Royal Navy operation designed to prevent oil reaching landlocked Rhodesia via the then Portuguese colony of Mozambique. The Sea Vixen also saw service in the Far East. In 1967, once again in the Persian Gulf, Sea Vixens helped cover the withdrawal from Aden. There were a number of Royal Navy warships involved, including the carriers HMS Albion (R07), HMS Bulwark (R08) and HMS Eagle (carrying the Sea Vixens) and the LPD (Landing Platform Dock) HMS Fearless (L10).

The Sea Vixen's tactics against faster supersonic fighters such as the BAC Lightning and the Dassault Mirage III was to keep turning until its opponents went low on fuel and then catch them with the Red Top when they tried to break away using afterburner. Sea_Vixen_tactics.png shown in the Tactical Manual] The Sea Vixen also flew in an aerobatic role, performing in two Royal Navy display teams: Simon's Sircus and Fred's Five.

Of the 145 Sea Vixens constructed, 55 were lost in accidents. Two DH.110 development prototypes were also lost. The 55 Sea Vixens lost represented a loss rate of almost 38%. 30 (54%) of these were fatal incidents, 21 of which involved the death of both pilot and observer.

A small number of Sea Vixens were sent to FR Aviation at Tarrant Rushton airfield for conversion to D.3 drone standard, with some undergoing testing at RAF Llanbedr before the drone programme was abandoned. Among them was XP924, now G-CVIX, the only Sea Vixen to remain in flying condition, which has now been returned to 899 NAS colours. Formerly owned and operated by De Havilland Aviation, G-CVIX could be viewed at their hangar at Bournemouth Airport in Dorset and at air shows around the UK. The Air Accident Investigation Branch published an enquiry into damage suffered by G-CVIX on landing at Bournemouth on 5 April 2012. On 16 September 2014, G-CVIX was transferred to Naval Aviation Ltd., a subsidiary of Fly Navy Heritage Trust and will be based at the Royal Naval Air Station Yeovilton in Somerset.

Operators

 * Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm
 * Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm

Surviving aircraft

Aircraft formerly on public display:
 * Sea Vixen FAW.1 XJ481, Fleet Air Arm Museum, RNAS Yeovilton, Somerset. Part of the Museum's reserve collection, and is in storage at Cobham Hall.
 * Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ494, owned and maintained by Classic British Jets Collection, and was on display at Bruntingthorpe Aerodrome, Leicestershire until they closed in June 2020.
 * Sea Vixen D.3 G-CVIX, the former XP924, registered until 2014 to DS Aviation (UK) at Bournemouth Airport, Dorset. It has a display of registration mark exemption to fly in its original Royal Navy markings as "XP924" coded "134". It originally flew with 899 Naval Air Squadron Fleet Air Arm as "134" from November 1968 until 1970 from HMS Eagle. The ownership of XP924 moved to the Fly Navy Heritage Trust – with a formal donation ceremony at RNAS Yeovilton on 16 September 2014 – to be maintained and operated from Yeovilton by Naval Aviation Ltd., a subsidiary of Fly Navy Heritage Trust. On 27 May 2017, XP924 performed an emergency wheels-up landing at Yeovilton after a hydraulic failure. The pilot was uninjured during the belly-landing. In November 2020, the trust announced that fundraising efforts and ongoing investment to return XP924 to flying condition had been suspended indefinitely.

The following complete airframes are on public display:

Australia

 * Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ490, Queensland Air Museum, Caloundra, Australia. Airframe complete, but internals removed.

United Kingdom

 * Sea Vixen FAW.1 XJ481, Fleet Air Arm Museum, RNAS Yeovilton, Somerset. Part of the Museum's reserve collection.
 * Sea Vixen FAW.1 XJ482, Norfolk and Suffolk Aviation Museum, Suffolk. The first Sea Vixen delivered to the Royal Navy.
 * Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ494, owned and maintained by Classic British Jets Collection, Bruntingthorpe Aerodrome, Leicestershire.
 * Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ560, Newark Air Museum, Nottinghamshire.
 * Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ565, de Havilland Aircraft Museum, Hertfordshire.
 * Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ571, Solent Sky, Hampshire.
 * Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ580, Tangmere Military Aviation Museum, West Sussex.
 * Sea Vixen FAW.2 XN685, Midland Air Museum, Coventry.
 * Sea Vixen FAW.2 XS576, IWM Duxford, Cambridgeshire.
 * Sea Vixen TT.2 XS587, Gatwick Aviation Museum, Surrey.
 * Sea Vixen FAW.2 XS590, Fleet Air Arm Museum, RNAS Yeovilton, Somerset. The last production Sea Vixen, built in 1966.

title: De Havilland Sea Vixen


text:
Französisches Gymnasium Berlin

The Französisches Gymnasium (Lycée français de Berlin) is a francophone gymnasium in Berlin, Germany. Traditionally, it is widely regarded as an elite high school. It is also the oldest public school in Berlin. Its creation was ordered by Frederick William of Brandenburg.

It is directly operated by the Agency for French Education Abroad (AEFE), an agency of the French government.

History
It was founded in 1689 by Frederick William's son Elector Frederick III of Brandenburg for the children of the Huguenot families who had settled in Brandenburg-Prussia by his invitation, being persecuted for their Protestant beliefs in the Catholic Kingdom of France after the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes by King Louis XIV in October 1685. Its first headmaster was the French jurist Charles Ancillon from Metz. Since its foundation, the school has had an almost continuous history, occupying several buildings in Berlin. In the beginning, the faculty comprised Huguenot refugees only and the language of education was French. The school soon was attended also by numerous German children of school fee paying Prussian nobles and officials, and developed into an elite school.

In the course of the Prussian reforms, the Collège Français became a common public school in 1809. In view of the growing numbers of pupils, it moved into a larger building built on Reichstagsufer in the Dorotheenstadt quarter in 1873. The school was attended by an above-average number of Jewish pupils, who under the Nazi regime — like Jewish teachers — were harassed and finally excluded in 1938. However, despite all nationalist efforts, the French language remained the medium of teaching. After 1943 the school was evacuated from Berlin and the historic school building on Reichstagsufer was destroyed in 1945.

After the war, the school moved to the Wedding district in the French sector of what was to become West Berlin. In 1952 the Französisches Gymnasium — Collège Français Berlin was re-established by merging the traditional Huguenot school with the Berlin collège of the French Armed Forces.

Several of its pupils (though not all graduated) became prominent in later life, among them the poet Adalbert von Chamisso, the authors Maximilian Harden and Kurt Tucholsky, the engineer Walter Dornberger and the resistance fighter Adam von Trott zu Solz, the songwriters Reinhard Mey and Ulrich Roski, as well as political scientist Gesine Schwan, the presidential candidate of the Social Democratic Party of Germany in 2009.

Today
The school moved to its current building, in Berlin-Tiergarten, on Derfflingerstraße, not far from Nollendorfplatz in 1972, after it had been located in Berlin-Reinickendorf. It educates both German- and French-speaking pupils from francophone countries all over the world. Grades are from 5 to 12, with bilingual classes and teaching starting in grade 7. Other languages that are taught are English, Latin, Ancient Greek and Spanish. Pupils can graduate with either of two diplomas though many Germans pass both: the Abitur (German high school diploma) and the Baccalauréat (French high school diploma).

Faculty and staff

 * Charles Ancillon (1659–1715), jurist and diplomat
 * Paul Erman (1764–1851), physicist
 * Georg Adolf Erman (1806–1877), physicist
 * Ernst Curtius (1814–1896), archaeologist and historian
 * Alfred Clebsch (1833–1872), mathematician
 * Hermann Wilhelm Ebel (1820–1875), philologist
 * Karl Ploetz (1819–1881), author

Alumni

 * Johann Heinrich Samuel Formey (1711–1797), essayist and philosopher
 * Louis de Beausobre (1730–1783), philosopher and political economist
 * Ludwig Robert (1778–1832), writer
 * Adelbert von Chamisso (1781–1838), poet and botanist
 * Franz von Gaudy (1800–1840), poet and novelist
 * Karl Ludwig Michelet (1801–1893), philosopher
 * Heinrich Girard (1814–1878), mineralist and geologist
 * Emil du Bois-Reymond (1818–1896), physician and physiologist
 * Carl Bolle (1821–1909), naturalist and collector
 * Max von Brandt (1835–1920), diplomat, East Asia expert and publicist
 * Petre P. Carp (1837–1919), politician and culture critic
 * Gustav Mützel (1839–1893), artist
 * Paul Güssfeldt (1840–1920), geologist, mountaineer and explorer
 * Alfred Woltmann (1841–1880), art historian
 * Ernst von Wildenbruch (1845–1909), poet and dramatist
 * Albert Moritz Wolff (1854–1923), sculptor
 * Adolf Erman (1854–1937), Egyptologist
 * Richard Witting (1856–1923), politician and financier
 * Maximilian Harden (1861–1927), journalist and editor
 * Paul von Lettow-Vorbeck (1870–1964), general
 * Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus (1876–1959), chemist, Nobel laureate
 * Edmund Landau (1877–1938), mathematician
 * Victor Klemperer (1881–1960), journalist and literary scholar
 * Walther von Brauchitsch (1881–1948), field marshal
 * Leonard Nelson (1882–1927), mathematician and philosopher
 * Kurt Tucholsky (1890–1935), journalist and writer
 * Erich Auerbach (1892–1957), philologist and literary scholar
 * Adam von Trott zu Solz (1909–1944), lawyer, diplomat and resistance fighter
 * Joachim Werner (1909–1994), archaeologist
 * Wernher von Braun (1912–1977), rocket scientist
 * Gottfried Reinhardt (1913–1994), film producer and director
 * Albert O. Hirschman (1915-2012), economist
 * Klemens von Klemperer (1916-2012), historian
 * Ken Adam (born 1921), film designer
 * John Leonard Clive (1924–1990), historian
 * Wolfgang Gewalt (1928–2007), zoologist
 * Reinhard Mey (born 1942), singer-songwriter
 * Gesine Schwan (born 1943), political science professor
 * Ulrich Roski (1944–2003), singer-songwriter
 * Dominique Horwitz (born 1957), actor and singer
 * Christian Berkel (born 1957), actor
 * Peter Fox (born 1971), musician
 * Alexander Schnell (born 1971), philosopher
 * Alexandra Maria Lara (born 1978), actress

title: Französisches Gymnasium Berlin