text:
User talk:UED77

Hello. This UED77's talk page, which you can use to contact me.

 Leave me a new message

Image:Tisza at Szolnok.jpg
Hello,

May I please move you image Image:Tisza at Szolnok.jpg to the Wikipedia Commons? Thanks. --User:Hottentot

Lipsum
Thanks for the image. However, I think that the pixel to line-height ratio is a bit low. If you look at the image in the article you'll see that the letters blend together to much. But I already like it better than what we had before. Shinobu 21:29, 19 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Hello. Sorry for the late reply; I was away. I uploaded a newer version with Bitstream Vera as the font, a larger line-height, and other misc adjustments that have hopefully made it a better picture. Comment back if it needs more work. Happy holidays. UED77 06:40, 31 December 2005 (UTC)

Thanks a million! When you upload the new version, please also check the thumbnail in the article to see if the text is still readable. Again, thanks for your trouble! I'll see the new file when you upload it. I wish you a happy and healthy 2006! Shinobu 17:48, 31 December 2005 (UTC)

Welcome
Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
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 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Regards, --Fire Star 07:19, 31 December 2005 (UTC)

Tisza
Thanks. :) --Khoikhoi 07:35, 31 December 2005 (UTC)

Image:Wells Fargo Bank Plaza, Houston, from base.jpg
The image that you uploaded Image:Wells Fargo Bank Plaza, Houston, from base.jpg doesn't seem to show up on articles anymore. Just to let you know. RJN 21:32, 11 January 2006 (UTC)

Commons
Szia, láttam hogy dolgoztál a Commonsban, örülök neki. Mostanában csak én aktualizáltam a magyar felületet.

A  magyar wikipédiát már meglátogattad?

Jó munkát: --hu:Rodrigo 22:52, 13 January 2006 (UTC)

Template:Lang-mp: norsk and nynorsk vs. norsk (bokmål) and norsk (nynorsk)
Hello UED77. Please see this edit. Whay did you use norsk and nynorsk instead of norsk (bokmål/riksmål) and norsk (nynorsk)? There are two equal way of writing Norwegian, called nynorsk and bokmål. These two written languages have their own Wikipedias, and thus their own Main Pages here on Commons. By naming the link to the bokmål Main Page norsk (“Norwegian”), you imply that this form of written Norgegian is superior to nynorsk. This is not correct, and both forms should be called norsk. The proper way of separating these two forms of Norwegian is to write norsk (bokmål) and norsk (nynorsk) – see thir names in the “In other languages” list.

You may want to read the article Norwegian language if you want to learn more about the confusing language policy of Norway. Affectionally, kjetil_r 20:18, 3 May 2006 (UTC)

About Template:Information
Hi UED77, I replied on my commons talk page (I usually reply where the conversation started, in order to keep it in one place). -- Gennaro Prota •Talk 00:27, 20 May 2006 (UTC)

Little modification to protected template page
Hi UED,

I already requested this by continuing our conversation on my talk page, but then it occurred to me you might not be watching it anymore. Can you please have a look? — Gennaro Prota •Talk 18:24, 24 May 2006 (UTC)
 * I've noticed it just now that I've logged on, but thanks for the note here as well. There is already a link to commons:Commons:First steps/Quality and description on the commons:Template:Information page, though. Would you like to have all the documentation removed and replaced with a link? I can see the advantages of that, but I just want to make sure. —UED77 18:32, 24 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Yes, that is my intent. I've create a suitable template for that (feel free to modify it if it is badly worded). Btw, I guess User:Arnomane opposes this change, as he believes "redundancy is good" (and he is the one who protected the template page). I thought to point that out, as he could get angry with you, but there's no doubt that things should be kept in one place; these are not opinion issues, but common IT professional knowledge. — Gennaro Prota •Talk 12:14, 25 May 2006 (UTC)

Virginia Beach City Public Schools
Hello Rlevse,

I appreciate the recent changes you made to VBCPS articles, including Frank W. Cox High School. However, I do think that instead of the logo or seal, an actual picture of the school building would make more sense, as a photograph is better illustrative of a building tied to an institution that its seal is. I am considering switching back to the actual image of the school, but I'm also looking into methods to display both a picture and a logo, much like in Template:Infobox City.

It is also worth noting that it's highly possible that logos are copyrighted, and with the growing anti-fair-use sentiment on en.wp, it might not be a good idea to use them extensively. —UED77 23:05, 5 July 2006 (UTC)
 * There is a special image tag for logos that is in wide use, so I see no problem there. I think the VB schools should be consistent and display a logo as that is much more representative of a school that a photo of a building, which almost no one will recognize, so I disagree on that point. Do schools teams wear the logo or a pic of the building? Do the Dallas Cowboys have a star or a pic of their stadium on their helmet?  Rlevse 23:22, 5 July 2006 (UTC)

 * While there is indeed a logo copyright tag based on the fair use rationale, there are ongoing discussions in the Village Pump and on mailing lists about abandoning the use of fair use images and eventually deleting them. However, since there are no problems at the moment, they can stay until that happens. However, regarding the pictures, while I agree with you in that it is primarily the logo that serves to identify the institution, the buildings themselves serve as minor landmarks in their respective cities, and they should be depicted, if not for else then for reference, especially if such pictures are already available, as was the case with Cox.
 * Most institutions are tied to fixed buildings, say, sporting teams, for example, as they typically play at one specific arena, and are invariably associated with that place. In the case of many big-city teams, the team would have an article, and in most cases, so would the arena, and both articles would mention each other. In the case of schools, where neither the notability nor the availability of infomation warrants to separate articles, care should be made to mention both the institution and the bulding, illustrated, if possible. Yet, I am not expressly seeking to switch the logo for a photo, but rather find a way to display both. —UED77 23:48, 5 July 2006 (UTC)

Cropped image of your image
I wanted to let you know I have made a modified copy of one of your photos (Glade Creek Grist Mill.jpg). The cropped image will be eventually used as a clickable button on List of West Virginia state parks, that will click through to your original image description page. I cropped the image to fit it in the list table I am creating. You can see a draft version at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:WVhybrid/My_own_sandbox. The cropped version of your image can be seen on the irow for Babcock. State Park. WVhybrid 23:59, 23 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the kind comment! If you have any more photos of WV parks, please don't hesitate to upload them and insert into the state park article (each park now has a small article).  Then I'll use it in the list.  BTW, the photo is really good. WVhybrid 02:46, 29 September 2006 (UTC)

odupedia
I figured this may be the quickest way to contact you, AIM at JupiterDuoODUCS when you get a chance to discuss the odupedia debut :)

You're more than welcome to idle in #oduacm and #odupedia but resnet probably won't let you >:-/

Dave :)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Mount Hyjal.jpg)
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No fair use rational on Image:World of Warcraft World Map.jpg
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Azeroth (demon)
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Buckner Building
Cool photo of the Buckner Building! Did you go there?

File:AzerothOverEarthSmall.png listed for deletion
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Budapest metro
Hi there! Could you, please, re-do this edit of yours? A good chunk of the article was cut off at the bottom (a common occurrence when there is an Internet connection problem), and since you introduced some new text as well, I don't want to simply revert. Thanks.—Ëzhiki (Igels Hérissonovich Ïzhakoff-Amursky) • (yo?); September 15, 2011; 21:45 (UTC)

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ArbCom elections are now open!
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title: User talk:UED77


text: User talk:68.231.139.97

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:68.231.139.97


text:
User talk:Dcandeto

Please leave a message below.

Moving Burma to Myanmar - ongoing poll
This is to let you know that an ongoing poll is taking place to move Burma to Myanmar. This note is going out to wikipedia members who have participated in Burma/Myanmar name changing polls in the past. It does not include banned members nor those with only ip addresses. Thank you. Fyunck(click) (talk) 20:24, 21 October 2011 (UTC)

Moving Burma to Myanmar - ongoing poll
This is to let you know that an ongoing poll is taking place to move Burma to Myanmar. I know this happened just recently but no administrator would close these frequent rm's down, so here we go again. This note is going out to wikipedia members who have participated in Burma/Myanmar name changing polls in the past. It does not include banned members nor those with only ip addresses. Thank you. Fyunck(click) (talk) 20:45, 21 August 2012 (UTC)

Moving Burma to Myanmar - new 2015 poll
You participated in a Burma RM in the past so I'm informing you of another RM. I hope I didn't miss anyone. New move attempt of Burma>Myanmar Fyunck(click) (talk) 08:26, 7 August 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
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title: User talk:Dcandeto


text:
Christopher Castile

Christopher Jon Castile (born June 15, 1980) is an American former actor. His well-known roles include Ted Newton in Beethoven and Beethoven's 2nd, the voice of Zachary Sellers and Nick Mulligan in Focus on the Family's Adventures in Odyssey, Mark Foster on the sitcom Step by Step, and the voice of Eugene Horowitz in Hey Arnold!.

Castile retired from acting following the cancellation of Step By Step. He received a master's degree, he currently teaches political science as a professor at Biola University in La Mirada, California, and is teaching at Downey High School as a U.S. History teacher. His class is called Step By Step.

Awards and nominations
Young Artist Award
 * 1992: Nominated, "Best Young Actor Starring in a Television Series" – Step by Step
 * 1992: Nominated, "Best Young Actor Starring in a Motion Picture" – Beethoven
 * 1993: Nominated, "Outstanding Youth Ensemble in a Television Series" – Step by Step (shared w/cast)
 * 1994: Nominated, "Best Performance by a Youth Ensemble in a Motion Picture" – Beethoven's 2nd (shared w/cast)
 * 1996: Nominated, "Best Performance by a Young Actor in a TV Comedy Series" – Step by Step

title: Christopher Castile


text:
User talk:SousaFan88

Copyright Status of John Philip Sousa's military march, Semper Fidelis. Sousa wrote this during his youthful era as conductor of the U S Marine Band, The President's Own," in Washington, DC. The original edition for band bears the copyright date of 1888. The manuscript of this march is housed at the University of Illinois. United States Copyright MUSIC law gave it an initial duration of 23 years and an equal 23 year renewal period. Therefore, Semper Fidelis in its original musical form(s) for Piano solo, military band, orchestra, became public domain in the USA in 1944. The original copyright holder of the PUBLISHED editions was Harry Coleman, Philadelphia. That firm was subsequently absorbed by Carl Fischer, Inc.New York. The copyright data DID NOT CHANGEZimbabwe557 10:58, 29 May 2007 (UTC)Zimbabwe557

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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Need to know.jpg
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Heritage of the March
Hello SousaFan88. I recently created an article for the Heritage of the March series. Your profile came up in Google searches while I researched the article, so I was wondering if you might be able to add your knowledge to the article. Since you own many of the LPs, you could add a list of the composers and performers either in the main article or as a separate list. Any interesting information from the albums' linear notes would also be nice.

PS. I am also a march collector, although my 700 marches don't quite compare to your thousands. Aside from locating copies of the HOTM series, do you know any great CDs/LPs you would recommend for building a collection?

-Mabeenot (talk) 01:43, 10 April 2010 (UTC)

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Marches
Hey, I found a motherload of marches for Featured sounds. Drop me a message if you want to help on making a few short articles on 5-6 American march composers, which will then get a sound file. =) Adam Cuerden (talk) 01:40, 8 April 2011 (UTC)

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title: User talk:SousaFan88


text: User talk:64.252.17.224

title: User talk:64.252.17.224


text:
Talk:List of regional districts of British Columbia

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090626013958/http://www.bcstats.gov.bc.ca/glossary.asp to http://www.bcstats.gov.bc.ca/glossary.asp
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20131228165643/http://www.cscd.gov.bc.ca/lgd/gov_structure/library/primer_on_regional_districts_in_bc.pdf to http://www.cscd.gov.bc.ca/lgd/gov_structure/library/primer_on_regional_districts_in_bc.pdf

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Redirect from Regional district
Hello interested editors: Presently, the article regional district is redirected to this page, which is a list page. As such, there is sufficient information in the introductory paragraphs of this article for regional district to be a standalone article, along the lines of administrative subdivisions in other countries such as county or tehsil. I propose to move certain introductory portions about regional districts to regional district and kill the re-direct. If no objections, I will carry out this action in a couple of days.Deccantrap (talk) 19:08, 24 December 2019 (UTC)

I propose to merge the regional district Wikipedia page into this one.

Merge the regional district Wikipedia page into this one
Regional district

No other Canadian province or territory's pages separates the pages on their second-level administrative divisions like this. The regional district page is redundant to this one. It contains almost all of the same words. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2604:3D09:37F:E110:24FD:9299:48A4:B674 (talk) 22:57, 2 December 2021 (UTC)

Application of the "seat" concept to regional district articles
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text:
The Continental (Saturday Night Live)

"The Continental" is a recurring sketch on Saturday Night Live (SNL) featuring Christopher Walken. The first sketch aired on the eleventh episode of the fifteenth season, January 20, 1990.

History
It is a parody of Renzo Cesana, who starred in a 1952–1953 CBS series, The Continental. The series used a subjective camera, and Cesana spoke directly to women in the viewing audience. Cesana's show was subjected to many parodies, including Mad magazine's "The Countynental" (which was also the name used in a parody by Ernie Kovacs), Red Skelton's "The Transcontinental", and Floyd Vivino's "Ricardo Romantico."

The premise of the SNL sketch is that Walken is a "suave ladies' man" who in reality can't say or do anything to keep women from giving him the cold shoulder, typically due to a number of perverse actions that often border on sexual predation. For instance, he invites a woman to wash up in his bathroom. Once she is inside, it becomes obvious that the bathroom mirror is a two-way mirror when the Continental is seen lighting up a cigarette.

The Continental has both a periscope with which to "spy" on his upstairs neighbor and a collection of "erotic" Hummel figurines he acquired on eBay. These sketches are always shot from the woman's point of view, so we never see her face, just her gloved arms as she pushes him out of her way. Whenever he offers her a glass of champagne or, as he calls it, champagna, she invariably ends up throwing it in his face. The character also has the catchphrase of "Wow! Wowie-wow-wow-wow!" which is usually said at some point when the woman has physically shown she has no interest in him, only for him to become even more aroused by her "tempestuousness".

In 2002, Walken was quoted as saying that he would like to do a Continental movie. "The problem with the Continental is that he never leaves his house. But it might be interesting to see the Continental go out and nothing works. He's a social catastrophe. I think that would be interesting."

Phil Hartman
The voice-over at the beginning of the sketch is provided by Phil Hartman and has been used three times since his death in 1998.

title: The Continental (Saturday Night Live)


text:
Jack Yellen

Jack Selig Yellen (Jacek Jeleń; July 6, 1892 – April 17, 1991) was an American lyricist and screenwriter. He is best remembered for writing the lyrics to the songs "Happy Days Are Here Again", which was used by Franklin Roosevelt as the theme song for his successful 1932 presidential campaign, and "Ain't She Sweet", a Tin Pan Alley standard.

Early life and education
Born to a Jewish family in Raczki, Congress Poland, then part of the Russian Empire, Yellen emigrated with his family to the United States when he was five years old. His parents were Abram and Bessie Yellen. The oldest of seven children, he was raised in Buffalo, New York, and began writing songs in high school. He graduated with honors from the University of Michigan in 1913 where he was a member of the Pi Lambda Phi fraternity.

After graduating he became a reporter for the Buffalo Courier, continuing to write songs on the side.

Career
Yellen's first collaborator on a song was George L. Cobb, with whom he wrote a number of Dixie songs including "Alabama Jubilee", "Are You From Dixie?", and "All Aboard for Dixieland". He is best remembered for his collaboration with composer Milton Ager. He and Ager entered the music publishing business as part owners of the Ager-Yellen-Bornstein Music Company. Yellen also worked with many other composers such as Sammy Fain and Harold Arlen.

Yellen's collaboration with vaudeville star, Sophie Tucker, for whom he was retained to write special material, produced one of Tucker's most well known songs, "My Yiddishe Momme", a song in English with some Yiddish text. Yellen wrote the lyrics which were set to music by Lew Pollack. Yellen wrote the lyrics to more than 200 popular songs of the early 20th century. Two of his most recognized songs, still popular in the 21st century, are "Happy Days Are Here Again" and "Ain't She Sweet".

Yellen's screenwriting credits included:

Awards and legacy
Yellen was one of the earliest members of the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) and served on its board of directors from 1951 to 1969. In 1972 he was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame, and the Buffalo Music Hall of Fame in 1996.

The foundation created by Yellen and his second wife, The Lucille and Jack Yellen Foundation, established the ASCAP Foundation Lucille and Jack Yellen Award, an annual award for "aspiring musical theater lyricist or film scorer who exemplifies talent and career potential".

Personal life
In August 1922, Yellen married 21 year old Sylvia Stiller of Buffalo. They had two children, David and Beth. In 1944 he married his second wife, Lucille Hodgeman. Lucille was born in Minnesota in 1915 and raised in Los Angeles. As a dancer and choreographer, she worked with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and 20th Century Fox under the stage name Lucille Day on over 20 films, including The Wizard of Oz. The Yellens lived for many years on a farm on Mortons Corners Road in the town of Concord, New York. Jack Yellen died April 17, 1991, in Concord at the age of 98. Lucille Yellen died on August 15, 2010, at age 95.

Broadway musicals
• What's in a Name? (1920) with music by Milton Ager

• Rain or Shine (1928) with music by Milton Ager

• John Murray Anderson's Almanac (1929)

• Follow A Star (1930) with music by Vivian Ellis

• You Said It (1931)

• George White's Scandals of 1935

• George White's Scandals of 1939

• Boys and Girls Together (1940)

• Sons o' Fun (1941)

• Ziegfeld Follies of 1943 (1943)

Film scores
• The Adding Machine 1969

• The Affair of Susan 1935

• Ali Baba Goes to Town 1937

• Another Thin Man 1939

• Artistic Temper 1932

• Bells of Capistrano 1942

• Blonde Crazy 1931

• Broadway Melody of 1938 1937

• Bulldog Drummond 1939

• Call of The West 1930

• Captain January 1936

• Chasing Rainbows 1930

• The Christmas Party 1931

• Crashing The Gate 1934

• George White's Scandals 1934 1935

• Glad Rag Doll 1929

• Going Hollywood 1933

• Happy Landing 1938

• The Heart of New York 1932

• Hell In The Heavens 1934

• Hold That Co-Ed 1938

• Honky Tonk 1929

• King of Burlesque 1936

• The King of Jazz 1930

• Little Miss Broadway 1938

• Love Is News 1937

• My Lucky Star  1938

• Night and Day 1946

• Our Little Girl 1935

• Pigskin Parade 1936

• Rain or Shine 1930

• Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm 1938

• Sally, Irene and Mary 1938

• Sensations of 1945 – 1944

• Sing, Baby, Sing 1936

• Submarine Patrol 1938

• The Ice Follies of 1939

• They Learned About Women 1930

• This Is Heaven 1929

• Twentieth Century 1934

• Unexpected Uncle 1941

• Wake Up and Live 1937

• You Can't Have Everything 1937

Selected songs

 * "Alabama Jubilee" – 1915
 * "Are You from Dixie ('Cause I'm from Dixie Too)" – 1915
 * "Dancing 'Round the U.S.A" - 1915
 * "There's a Garden in Hawaii" with music by George B. McConnell – 1917
 * "Battle Song of Liberty" - 1917. m: George L. Cobb
 * "Johnny Get Your Gun and Be a Soldier" - 1917. m: Jack Glogau
 * "Over the Rhine" - 1917. m: Albert Gumble
 * "So Long Sammy" - 1917. m: Albert Gumble
 * "There's a Vacant Chair in My Old Southern Home" - 1917. m: Al. Piantadosi
 * "When It's Circus Day Back Home" - 1917. m: Jack Glogau
 * "There's a Lump of Sugar Down in Dixie" - 1918. m: Albert Gumble
 * "We're Coming from Cody" - 1918. m: Pvt. Harry Wessel
 * "I'm Waiting For Ships That Never Come In" – 1919, recorded by Moon Mullican in 1958.
 * "Alexander's Band Is Back in Dixie" - 1919. m: Albert Gumble
 * "Cootie Tickle, The (Over Here It's the Shimmie Dance)" - 1919. m: Abe Olman
 * "Don't Put a Tax on the Beautiful Girls" - 1919 with Milton Ager
 * "Johnny's in Town" - 1919. m: Geo. W. Meyer & Abe Olman
 * "Down By The O-Hi-O" – 1921
 * "Louisville Lou" – 1923
 * "Mama Goes Where Papa Goes" – 1923
 * "Big Bad Bill (Is Sweet William Now)" – 1924
 * "Hula Lou" – 1924
 * "Hard Hearted Hannah (The Vamp Of Savannah)" – 1924
 * "I Wonder What's Become of Sally" – 1924
 * "Cheatin' on Me" – 1925
 * "In Your Green Hat" – 1925
 * "My Yiddishe Momme" – 1925 with music by Lew Pollack and a huge success for Sophie Tucker.
 * "No Man's Mama" – 1925 with music by Lew Pollack
 * "Crazy Words, Crazy Tune" – 1926
 * "Ain't She Sweet" – 1927
 * "Glad Rag Doll" – 1929
 * "Happy Feet" – 1930
 * "Happy Days Are Here Again" – 1930
 * "Are You Havin' Any Fun?" – 1939 with music by Sammy Fain
 * "Life Begins At Forty" – 1937 music and lyrics by Jack Yellen and Ted Shapiro, recorded by Sophie Tucker.

title: Jack Yellen


text:
Symbolic speech

Symbolic speech is a legal term in United States law used to describe actions that purposefully and discernibly convey a particular message or statement to those viewing it. Symbolic speech is recognized as being protected under the First Amendment as a form of speech, but this is not expressly written as such in the document. One possible explanation as to why the Framers did not address this issue in the Bill of Rights is because the primary forms for both political debate and protest in their time were verbal expression and published word, and they may have been unaware of the possibility of future people using non-verbal expression. Symbolic speech is distinguished from pure speech, which is the communication of ideas through spoken or written words or through conduct limited in form to that necessary to convey the idea.

Although the First Amendment only limited the Congress, symbolic speech has also restricted state governments starting with Gitlow v. New York (1925).

O'Brien test
While writing the majority opinion for United States v. O'Brien, Chief Justice Warren described a series of guidelines used to determine whether a law that restricts speech violates the First Amendment. These guidelines must remain neutral in relation to the subject of the speech at hand (e.g., a speech that criticizes government action and is believed to violate a law must be treated the same way as a speech under identical circumstance, but praising the government as opposed to criticizing.) The O'Brien test is not meant to be the absolute deciding factor in cases involving non-verbal speech, but an additional tool to invoke against prohibitions.

The O'Brien test is thus: The law in question must
 * be within the Constitutional power of the government to enact.
 * further an important or substantial government interest.
 * That interest must be unrelated to the suppression of speech (or "content neutral", as phrased in later cases)
 * Prohibit no more speech than is essential to further that interest.

Spence test
In the per curiam decision of Spence v. Washington, the Court developed a two-prong test to determine if symbolic speech qualified for First Amendment protections. Under the Spence test, the action must:
 * have an intent to convey a particularized message was present, and
 * in the surrounding circumstances the likelihood was great that the message would be understood by those who viewed it.

The Spence test was affirmed in Texas v. Johnson, though without focus on the "surrounding circumstances" phrase. However, Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Group of Boston challenged whether a "particularized message" must be present. There has been a circuit split between whether Spence or Hurley apply.

Tinker v. Des Moines
In December 1965, a group of five students, including lead plaintiff John Tinker and his sister Mary Beth Tinker, wore black armbands overlaid with a white peace sign between December 16 and New Years Day. The principals of the students' schools had previously threatened to suspend any students who participated in the protest. Despite the warning, the small group of students proceeded to carry out their dissent, and were duly suspended. ACLU attorneys representing the students argued that the armbands constituted a form of symbolic speech and, because their demonstration was suppressed, their First Amendment rights were unconstitutionally restrained. The court voted 7–2 in favor of Tinker, finding that the suspension had violated the students' First Amendment rights. Justice Fortas, delivering the opinion of the court, held the following:
 * "In wearing armbands, the petitioners were quiet and passive. They were not disruptive, and did not impinge upon the rights of others. In these circumstances, their conduct was within the protection of the Free Speech Clause of the First Amendment and the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth."
 * "First Amendment rights are available to teachers and students, subject to application in light of the special characteristics of the school environment."
 * "A prohibition against expression of opinion, without any evidence that the rule is necessary to avoid substantial interference with school discipline or the rights of others, is not permissible under the First and Fourteenth Amendments."

United States v. O'Brien
"On the morning of March 31, 1966, David Paul O'Brien and three companions burned their Selective Service registration certificates on the steps of the South Boston Courthouse. A sizable crowd, including several agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, witnessed the event. Immediately after the burning, members of the crowd began attacking O'Brien and his companions. An FBI agent ushered O'Brien to safety inside the courthouse. After he was advised of his right to counsel and to silence, O'Brien stated to FBI agents that he had burned his registration certificate because of his beliefs, knowing that he was violating federal law. He produced the charred remains of the certificate, which, with his consent, were photographed.

For this act, O'Brien was indicted, tried, convicted, and sentenced in the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts. He did not contest the fact that he had burned the certificate. He stated in argument to the jury that he burned the certificate publicly to influence others to adopt his anti-war beliefs, as he put it, "so that other people would reevaluate their positions with Selective Service, with the armed forces, and reevaluate their place in the culture of today, to hopefully consider my position."

The court ruled 7–1 against O'Brien. In the opinion of the court, Chief Justice Warren wrote that while the First Amendment does protect freedom of speech, it does not protect all things that may extraneously be labeled "symbolic speech". As such, O'Brien's protest was not protected because the United States had a compelling interest in preventing the destruction or mutilation of draft cards. To help himself and future justices determine what may be protected under the free speech clause, he developed a series of requirements that laws must meet in order to stay out of conflict with the First, and thus be considered constitutional, known now as the O'Brien test.

Cohen v. California
In 1968, Paul Cohen entered a Los Angeles Courthouse wearing a jacket that displayed the words "Fuck the Draft" knowing that the jacket displayed these words. Though he had removed the jacket and placed it under his arm before entering the courthouse, a police officer witnessed the jacket and slogan in the corridor and arrested him for "willingly and unlawfully and maliciously disturbing the peace and quiet by engaging in tumultuous and offensive conduct."

The Court voted 5–4 in favor of Cohen. Justice Harlan wrote "[A]bsent a more particularized and compelling reason for its actions, the State may not, consistently with the First and Fourteenth Amendments, make the simple public display of this single four-letter expletive a criminal offense." In the court's opinion, Harlan also penned the now famous line "one man's vulgarity is another's lyric".

Spence v. Washington
A college student had hung a U.S. flag on his window, upside down and adorned with peace signs, in May 1970 as to protest the government's actions in the invasion of Cambodia and the Kent State shootings. He was arrested and convicted under a Washington state statute that barred "improper use" of the flag, including adorning it with decorations. The Supreme Court ruled per curiam that the statute was unconstitutional as it did not consider the intent of speech of displaying the flag. In the opinion, the Court devised a two-prong test to determine if actions can qualify for First Amendment protections: "An intent to convey a particularized message was present, and in the surrounding circumstances the likelihood was great that the message would be understood by those who viewed it.". This doctrine became known as the Spence test.

Texas v. Johnson
In 1984, during a protest against the policies of the Reagan administration in Dallas, Texas, Gregory Lee Johnson doused an American flag that was given to him by a fellow demonstrator with kerosene and set it alight while those around him chanted "America the red, white and blue, we spit on you." He was later arrested and convicted on a flag desecration law in Texas, and sentenced to one year in prison and a $2,000 fine. The court ruled 5 to 4 in favor of Johnson. Building upon Spence, Justice Brennan wrote that because such other actions in relation to the flag (such as saluting, and displaying) are considered to be a form of expression, so must too the burning be, and that Johnson's protest was "'Sufficiently imbued with elements of communication' to implicate the First Amendment." He also explained that the relevance of the O'Brien test is limited "in which 'the governmental interest is unrelated to the suppression of free expression'", as the Texas law in question had its interest in preventing any violent reaction that may spring from those witnessing the burning of the flag. This case helped solidify the condition that any law that inhibits freedom of speech must have an important and compelling interest to do so.

Hurley v. Irish-American Gay, Lesbian, and Bisexual Group of Boston
In 1992, an LGBT group was refused to allow to participate in Boston's parade in celebration of St. Patrick's Day and Evacuation Day by the parade organizers, who said the group's identity did not fit the theme of the parade. The Supreme Court unanimously ruled in favor of the organizers, that the message they wanted to convey was expressive speech and protected by the First Amendment, and thus could deny the LGBT group from participation. Justice David Souter wrote in the opinion that the "particularized message" from Spence was too limited, and that a "narrow, succinctly articulable message is not a condition of constitutional protection, which if confined to expressions conveying a 'particularized message,' would never reach the unquestionably shielded painting of Jackson Pollock, music of Arnold Schoenberg, or Jabberwocky verse of Lewis Carroll." Hurley conflict with Spence and Johnson created a circuit split on evaluating symbolic speech for constitutional protection.

title: Symbolic speech