text:
SS Commissaire Ramel

SS Commissaire Ramel was a French cargo liner that was launched in 1920 and sunk in the Indian Ocean by the GERMAN AUXILIARY CRUISER Atlantis in World War II.

Building
The Société Provençale de Construction Navale built the ship in La Ciotat as General Duchesne. Before she was launched she was renamed Commissaire Ramel in honour of Paul Ramel, the purser of the ship SS Athos, who was lost when his ship was torpedoed on 11 February 1917, and posthumously awarded the légion d'honneur.

The ship was 152.5 m long, with a beam of 18.06 m. As built, her tonnages were 16,620 displacement and. She was powered by a three-cylinder triple expansion engine with coal-fired boilers that delivered 4,450 hp, driving a single propeller and giving her a speed of 12 kn.

Service history
Commissaire Ramel was launched on 20 March 1920, and entered service with the Compagnie des Messageries Maritimes on 24 April 1921, as a cargo liner, sailing between France and the Far East.

In 1926 she was refitted in La Ciotat as an ocean liner, receiving a promenade deck, lifeboat deck, and an additional boiler. This gave her the capacity to carry up to 552 passengers, and increased her tonnages to 20,323 tonnes displacement and 10,092 GRT. The additional boiler increased her power to 5,000 hp, giving her a speed to 14 kn. On 19 January 1927 she returned to service, sailing between France and Australia.

In 1931 she was refitted again. Her boilers were converted from coal to oil fuel, and a low-pressure steam turbine was added alongside her triple-expansion engine. Exhaust steam from the low-pressure cylinder of her piston engine powered the turbine, which was geared onto the same propeller shaft as her piston engine. The addition of the turbine increased her total power to 6,250 hp.

Until 1933 the ship's code letters were OEXC. In 1934 these were superseded by the call sign FOAR.

In 1935 she was transferred to a new route, sailing between Marseille and New Caledonia in the South Pacific, via the Panama Canal. On 19 May 1940 she left Marseille under the command of Captain Sabouret, bound for Tahiti. She arrived at Papeete on 28 June 1940, five days after the signing of armistice between France and Germany that ended the battle of France. On 18 July 1940 she arrived at Suva in Fiji to refuel, but was requisitioned by the authorities there. She was taken to Sydney, Australia, where 26 members of the crew, including the captain, volunteered to serve aboard.

Sinking
Under the management of the Shaw, Savill & Albion Line she sailed from Sydney on 1 September 1940 bound for Britain via Cape Town, under the command of Captain R MacKenzie. Just after midnight on 19 September she was attacked by the commerce raider GERMAN AUXILIARY CRUISER Atlantis. After the crew abandoned ship, they were picked up by Atlantis, who then finished off the ship, sinking her at position -28.41667°N, 74.38333°W. Three of her crew were killed and 63 taken prisoner.

200 prisoners taken by Atlantis from several ships were later transferred to the captured Yugoslavian ship Durmitor. The captain of Durmitor reported after the war that the cook from Commissaire Ramel was employed to cook for the German prize crew and that the captain of Commissaire Ramel managed to hide a bottle of poison with which he intended to neutralize the Germans, but after determining the ship's course and position, learning about the poor fuel situation from the captain of Durmitor and considering the possibility that Atlantis might re-appear once the ship was taken over by the prisoners and take revenge, he gave up his plan.

The prisoners were landed at Warsheikh in Italian East Africa on 22 November 1940. They were held in a camp at Merca until liberated by British troops on 25 February 1941 during the East African Campaign. Durmitor survived the war and was returned to Yugoslavia.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: SS Commissaire Ramel


text:
Peter Krause

Peter William Krause (born August 12, 1965) is an American actor, director, and producer. He has played lead roles in multiple television series, portraying Casey McCall on Sports Night (1998–2000), Nate Fisher on Six Feet Under (2001–2005), Nick George on Dirty Sexy Money (2007–2009), Adam Braverman on Parenthood (2010–2015), Benjamin Jones on The Catch (2016–2017), and Bobby Nash on Fox/ABC's 9-1-1 (2018–present).

For his work on Six Feet Under, Krause was nominated for three Primetime Emmy Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, and seven Screen Actors Guild Awards, winning twice for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series.

Early life
Krause was born on August 12, 1965, in Alexandria, Minnesota. His parents, Wanda Marie Krause (née Johnson) and William Popham "Bill" Krause, were both teachers in Minnesota. He was raised in Roseville, Minnesota, a suburb of St. Paul, and has two siblings, Amy and Michael.

As a teenager, Krause was active in track and field and gymnastics and attended Alexander Ramsey High School in Roseville, Minnesota. He graduated from high school in 1983 and was a pre-medical student at Gustavus Adolphus College in St. Peter until he discovered acting in his junior year and changed his final major to English Literature. In college, he performed in plays such as Paul Sills' Story Theatre, Caryl Churchill's Cloud 9, and Harold Pinter's The Dumb Waiter, which all led to his full commitment to acting. After graduating from college in 1987, Krause moved to New York City and completed a Master of Fine Arts degree in acting from New York University's Graduate Acting Program at the Tisch School of the Arts in 1990. While in New York City, he worked as a bartender at Broadway's Palace Theatre with Aaron Sorkin, who later created and executive produced Sports Night, which starred Krause.

While attending Tisch School of the Arts, he starred in productions of Macbeth, Uncle Vanya, and Arms and the Man. Shortly after graduation, Krause moved to Los Angeles after landing a regular role on Carol Burnett's sketch comedy series Carol & Company.

Career
In 1987, Krause made his first feature film appearance in an American slasher film, Blood Harvest. After earning an M.F.A. degree from the New York University Tisch School of the Arts in 1990, he moved to Los Angeles and made his first television appearance, playing various roles in Carol Burnett's comedy anthology series Carol & Company from 1990 to 1991. In the early 1990s, he appeared in TV shows such as Seinfeld, Beverly Hills, 90210 and Ellen. Starting in 1996, Krause appeared in a recurring role as Cybill Shepherd's son-in-law Kevin on her sitcom Cybill for four seasons.

From 1998 to 2000, Krause also portrayed the character Casey McCall on the ABC network's comedy Sports Night. Although the show received considerable critical acclaim, it struggled to find an audience and was canceled after two seasons.

Krause starred in the HBO drama series Six Feet Under from 2001 to 2005. He received seven award nominations (including three Emmy nominations) for his portrayal of funeral director Nate Fisher.

Krause appeared on Broadway in the summer of 2004 in a revival of Arthur Miller's After the Fall.

In December 2006, he played the lead role, Detective Joe Miller, in the Sci Fi Channel miniseries The Lost Room.

From 2007 to 2009, Krause portrayed young lawyer Nick George in ABC's drama Dirty Sexy Money alongside veteran actor Donald Sutherland. He had initially turned down the role three times. He also served as a series producer. From 2010 to 2015, he played Adam Braverman in the NBC comedy-drama Parenthood. He directed three episodes for the show. Krause appeared in the 2011 fantasy film Beastly, based on Alex Flinn's 2007 novel of the same name. From 2016 to 2017, he starred opposite Mireille Enos in the ABC crime drama series The Catch, produced by Shonda Rhimes.

In August 2017, Krause was cast in the Ryan Murphy-produced drama 9-1-1, which focuses on the lives of first responders. He plays a fire captain named Bobby Nash and is an executive producer of the series. He is the narrator of Citizen Hearst, an Insignia Films documentary about William Randolph Hearst which originally aired as an American Experience two-part series on September 27 and 28, 2021.

Personal life
Krause and his former girlfriend Christine King have a son, Roman, who was born in 2001. In 2010, Krause entered a relationship with actress Lauren Graham. They first met in 1995 when appearing in the sitcom Caroline in the City, then became a couple while co-starring on Parenthood. In June 2022, it was reported that the couple had ended their relationship in 2021 after 11 years together.

title: Peter Krause


text:
Joey Manley

Joey Manley (July 1965 – November 7, 2013) was an American LGBT fiction author, web designer, and webcomics publisher. Manley wrote the successful LGBT novel The Death of Donna-May Dean in 1992. He moved to San Francisco in 2000 in order to work in web design. Manley was the founder and publisher of the Modern Tales family of webcomics websites, which included Modern Tales, Serializer, Girlamatic, Webcomics Nation, and others. Manley is considered one of the "founding pioneers" of the webcomic movement for creating a then-revolutionary subscription model.

Manley was well-regarded within the webcomic community. He had cultivated hundreds of relationships within webcomic circles and successfully brought webcomic creators together following the dot-com bubble. He returned to creative writing again in the early 2010s, serializing his novel Snake-Boy Loves Sky Prince: a Gay Superhero Teen Romance online. Manley died of pneumonia in November 2013 at the age of 48.

Early career
Joey Manley was born in Russellville, Alabama in 1965. Though he had drawn comics as a child, he never had an interest in becoming a cartoonist himself. Manley's debut novel, The Death of Donna-May Dean, was published by St. Martin's Griffin in 1992. It tells the story about a young gay man coming of age in Alabama, and was quickly considered a cult classic of LGBT fiction. 27-year old at the time, the pressure to follow his early success up with a second novel overwhelmed Manley. Instead, he began working in the then-new field of web design. In 2000, Manley moved to San Francisco, where he worked for Streaming Media and served as the first webmaster for Free Speech TV. The website he oversaw, freespeech.org, went on to win both a Webby Award and RealNetworks' Streamers Award.

Work in webcomics
To learn more about webcomics and introduce himself to the American webcomic community, Manley began the podcast Digital Comics Talk and the review website Talk About Comics in 2001. Through his podcast, Manley came into contact with various major webcartoonists of the time. Manley soon began recruiting artists for a for-profit, subscription-based webcomics collective, which he launched in March 2002 as Modern Tales. At the time, Manley hoped the subscription model would increase the visibility of everyone involved in the project, even if each webcomic would have only drawn a niche interest individually. Though Modern Tales never managed to bring a living wage for the artists involved, it did do solid business and got attention from older comic book artists such as Harvey Pekar and Will Eisner. By 2005, Modern Tales had approximately 2,000 members, each paying $3 USD per month. Manley had moved to Louisville, Kentucky at this point in order to cut costs.

Manley started multiple subscription-based webcomic anthology sites in the early-2000s, such as Serializer (featuring high art avant garde webcomics, edited by Tom Hart), Girlamatic (featuring female-focused webcomics, edited by Lea Hernandez), and Graphic Smash (featuring action webcomics). Manley also published single-webcomic subscription sites like Hernandez' Rumble Girls and James Kochalka's American Elf. In 2003, Manley began co-hosting a podcast with Lea Hernandez titled The Diva Lea Show. Manley started Webcomics Nation in 2005, a webcomic hosting service. All his webcomic sites were together referred to as the "Modern Tales family" of websites, and they had featured artists such as Gene Luen Yang, Howard Cruse, Chris Onstad, Shaenon Garrity, and Dylan Meconis.

In collaboration with OnlineComics.net-creator Josh Roberts, Manley started developing a comics-oriented social media and publishing platform titled ComicSpace in 2007. ComicSpace received funding from Michael Angst and Alan Gershenfeld, who set up a new early-stage venture capital firm named E-Line Media. Webcomics Nation, Talk About Comics, and OnlineComics.net were all merged into ComicSpace. Manley told Comic Book Resources in 2007 that his editorial subscription services would remain largely unchanged, though that he was doing away with the subscription model as online advertisement and merchandising were becoming more viable. Despite this, the Modern Tales-family of websites went relatively quiet in the second half of the 2000s, and Manley began relaunching his subscription services within ComicSpace in 2009, starting with Girlamatic. Manley moved to New York City in order to work on the project and was known to be very enthusiastic about it, but ComicSpace never fully took off.

While still working on ComicSpace, Manley moved back to Louisville once again and began focusing on personal creative output through an online fiction workshop with a close circle of writers. In 2011, Manley began serializing a second novel online as a work-in-progress. Titled Snake-Boy Loves Sky Prince: a Gay Superhero Teen Romance, the book tells the story of a supervillain's minion falling in love with the son of a superhero. All of Manley's remaining webcomic services shut down in April 2013.

Philosophy
In a 2006 interview with The Comics Journal, Joey Manley stated that he did not believe that an optimal business model for webcomics exists. Manley stated that he went with subscription models for his early projects because online advertising rates were low and bandwidth was very expensive at the time. Manley felt the need to defend his business model a lot because the subscription model was unpopular among some ideological groups, and he quickly became known as "the subscriptions guy" in his community. However, as advertising revenue increased, Manley began adopting that model more in his services. Manley noted that he would have wanted to get into the print market as well, but was not able to afford it. One year earlier, Manley said: "You'll lose a lot less money publishing on the Web than publishing a printed comic."

In the same interview, Manley spoke about the nature and future of webcomics as a medium. Stating that while people understand that the experience of reading a comic versus reading a webcomic is "sort of analogous," Manley said that people "come to [the two mediums] with different expectations." Elaborating, Manley said that "sequential art on the screen kind of serves a different function; maybe right now it's a little more disposable, in the way that television for many years was more disposable [than film]. ... Webcomics aren't a replacement for what already exists, in the same way that television didn't destroy movies."

Death
On November 7, 2013, Manley died of complications from pneumonia in a hospital in Louisville. Aged 48, he was survived by his spouse Joe Botts.

Legacy
Manley received the title of Kentucky Colonel for his entrepreneurial efforts and his free speech advocacy. He was listed by Comixpedia as one of the most influential people in webcomics from 2004 to 2006. Josh Roberts stated that Manley was particularly apt at communicating with people, cultivating hundreds of relationships within the field. Manley's death was commemorated by figures such as Scott McCloud, Lea Hernandez, and Joshua Hale Fialkov. Following his death, retailer and convention organizer Chris Butcher called Manley "a true pioneer of webcomics," and cartoonist T Campbell praised Manley for changing the business model and bringing webcomic creators together when advertisement rates were in freefall.

title: Joey Manley


text:
Dakelh

The Dakelh (pronounced ) or Carrier are the indigenous people of a large portion of the Central Interior of British Columbia, Canada. Another name the Dakelh/Carrier call themselves is Yinka Dene ("the people on the land"), the Babine-Witsuwitʼen-speaking bands prefer the equivalent Yinka Whut'en ("the people on the land").

The Dakelh people are a First Nations people of the Central Interior of British Columbia, Canada, for whom Carrier has been a common English name derived from French explorers naming of the people. Dakelh people speak two related languages. One, Babine-Witsuwit'en is sometimes referred to as Northern Carrier. The other includes what are sometimes referred to as Central Carrier and Southern Carrier.

The "Dakelh / Dakelh-ne" (ᑕᗸᒡ, people who “travel upon water”, lit. "people who travel by boat early in the morning", a Synaeresis of uda ukelh and ne). The suffixes -xwoten, “people of” or -t’en, “people” to village names or locations to refer to specific groups (e.g., Tl’azt’en, Wet’suwet’en). the Wetʼsuwetʼen (Whutsot'en, ᗘᙢᗥᐣ, "People of the Wet'sinkwha/Wa Dzun Kwuh River, i.e. Bulkley River", lit: "People of the blue and green River"; also known as Western Carrier) and Babine (Nadot'en) (Nadot'enne, ᘇᑎᗥᐣ, "Lake Babine People"; also known as Northern Carrier) peoples are a branch of the Dakelh/Carrier people, and have been referred to as the Western Carrier. They speak Witsuwitʼen or Babine/Nedut'en, dialects of the Babine-Witsuwitʼen language which, like its sister Dakelh language, is a member of the Central British Columbia branch of the Northern Athabaskan languages. They belong to the Northern Athabascan or Dene peoples (Dené is the common Athabaskan word for "people").

Geography
Dakelh territories called Keyoh, include the area along Fraser River (Lhtakoh – "rivers within one another" ) from north of Prince George (Lheidli – "confluence") to south of Quesnel and including the Barkerville-Wells area, the Nechako Country, the areas around Stuart Lake (Nak'albun – "Mount Pope lake"), Trembleur Lake (Dzinghubun – "day after lake"), Takla Lake (Khelhghubun – "load after lake"), Fraser Lake (Nadlehbun – "(fish) run lake"), and Babine Lake, the Bulkley Valley, and the region along the West Road River, west to the Hazelton Mountains and the Kitimat Ranges of the Coast Mountains, including the Kluskus Lakes (Lhoosk'uz – "Rocky Mountain whitefish place"), Ootsa Lake (Oosa Bunk'ut – "bucket lake"), the Quanchus and Fawnie Ranges, and Cheslatta Lake (Tsetl'adak Bunk'ut – "Peak Rock Lake").

Dakelh territories are for the most part sub-boreal forest, dotted with numerous lakes. There are numerous rivers, all ultimately draining into the Pacific Ocean, mostly via the Fraser River. The climate is continental, with cold winters during which the rivers and lakes freeze over and a short growing season. The area is hilly, with mountains of modest size. The Rocky Mountains form the eastern boundary of the Dakelh territories, but the Dakelh are not very familiar with the foothills because that area in recent times has been occupied by the Cree (Dushina, ᑐᙘᘇ). Part of the Coast Mountains and Hazelton Mountains fall within Wit'suwit'en territory. Farther south, 'Ulkatcho people share the Coast Range with the Coast Salish Nuxalkmc (Bella Coola) and the northern Chilcotin Plateau with Northern Athabaskan speaking strong warrior nation (with political influence from the Similkameen region in the south (of British Columbia), the Pacific coast in the west, and the Rocky Mountains in the east) Tsilhqot'in (Chilkot'in, ᗘᙢᗥᐣ).

Culture
The traditional Dakelh way of life is based on a seasonal round, with the greatest activity in the summer when berries are gathered and fish caught and preserved. The mainstay of the economy is centered on harvesting activities within each family keyoh (ᗸᘏᑋ, territory, village, trapline) under the leadership of a hereditary chief, known as a Keyoh holder or keyoh-whudachun. Fish, especially the several varieties of salmon, are smoked and stored for the winter in large numbers. Hunting and trapping of deer, caribou, moose, elk, black bear, beaver, and rabbit provided meat, fur for clothing, and bone for tools. Other fur-bearing animals are trapped to some extent, but until the advent of the fur trade, such trapping is a minor activity. With the exception of berries and the sap and cambium of the lodgepole pine, plants play a relatively minor role as food, though the sacredness of plants are appreciated by Dakelh people. The Dakelhe are familiar with and occasionally use a variety of edible plants. Plants are used extensively for medicine. Winter activity is more limited, with some hunting, trapping, and fishing under the ice. Although many Dakelh now have jobs and otherwise participate in the non-traditional economy, fish, game, and berries still constitute a major portion of the diet.

The Dakelh engaged in extensive trade with the coast along trails known as "grease trails". The items exported consisted primarily of hides, dried meat, and mats of dried berries. Imports consisted of various marine products, the most important of which was "grease", the oil extracted from eulachons (also known as "candlefish") by allowing them to rot, adding boiling water, and skimming off the oil. This oil is extremely nutritious and, unlike many other fats, contains desirable fatty acids. Other important imports were smoked eulachons and dried red laver seaweed. "Grease" and smoked eulachons are still considered by many to be delicacies and are prized gifts from visitors from the west. The route by which Sir Alexander MacKenzie and his party reached the Pacific Ocean in 1793 in the first crossing of North America by land was, from the Fraser River westward, a grease trail. Other examples include the Cheslatta Trail and the Nyan Wheti.

Plants used in cuisine
They use the berries of Vaccinium vitis-idaea to make jam.

Plants used medicinally
They take a decoction of the entire plant of Viola adunca for stomach pain. The Southern Carrier use a strong decoction of the root of Orthilia as an eyewash.

A full list of their ethnobotany can be found at http://naeb.brit.org/uses/tribes/27/, http://naeb.brit.org/uses/tribes/28/, and http://naeb.brit.org/uses/tribes/29/.

Salvage archaeology
In the late 1940s, University of British Columbia professor Charles Edward Borden shifted his attention toward urgent salvage archaeology in Nechako Canyon after learning of the planned Kemano reservoir that would flood the canyon, a large part of Dakelh hunting territory in Tweedsmuir Park. In 1951, he received funding from Alcan and the British Columbia Ministry of Education to undertake salvage archaeology at the "Carrier Indian site". In 1951, Borden and his protégé, anthropology student Wilson Duff, located over 130 sites of importance to Cheslatta T'en history. They conducted more intensive investigations prior to the flooding of the area. The damming triggered "devastating changes for First Nations communities whose traditional territories lay in their path, including the destruction of Aboriginal gravesites, territories, livelihoods, and archaeological sites." In 1957, Alcan opened the spillway gate to Skin's Lake, desecrating Cheslatta graves, which came to public attention during the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples.

In 1951, Borden began survey and excavation of the site and returned to work there every summer until he retired in 1970. His final article published in Science in 1979 was based on excavations of early microblade assemblages at Namu in 1977.

Language
The Carrier people speak the Carrier language, which is endangered.

Bands
As an ethnic term, Carrier or Dakelh includes speakers of both the Dakelh language proper and its sister language Babine-Witsuwit'en, both of which are endangered languages.

Tribal councils
Seven bands form the Carrier Sekani Tribal Council:
 * Burns Lake Indian Band,
 * Saik'uz First Nation,
 * Stellat'en First Nation,
 * Tl'azt'en Nation,
 * Takla Lake First Nation,
 * Wet'suwet'en First Nation

Four bands belong to the Carrier Chilcotin Tribal Council:
 * Kluskus Indian Band
 * Nazko Indian Band
 * Red Bluff Indian Band
 * Ulkatcho Indian Band
 * Toosey Indian Band of the Tsilhqot'in people is also a member of the CCTC

The other bands are independent.

Synonymy
In some of the literature Dakelh people are known by the French term Porteurs. Another term sometimes seen is Taculli along with variant spellings. This is a linguistically naive adaptation of the phonetic notation used by Father Adrien-Gabriel Morice. The first written reference to Dakelh people, in the journal of Sir Alexander MacKenzie, uses the term Nagailer.

Etymology of name
The received view of the origin of the Sekani name aɣelne for the Dakelh, of which the English name is a translation, is that it refers to the distinctive Dakelh mortuary practice in which a widow carried her husband's ashes on her back during the period of mourning. One problem for this hypothesis is that there is little evidence of the existence of this custom, the report of which is due to Father Morice. According to Lizette Hall's (1992) father, Louie-Billy Prince, who had been Father Morice's houseboy and knew him well, Father Morice pestered the Dakelh so persistently on the origin of the name that they finally told him the story about widows carrying ashes to satisfy him. An alternative hypothesis is that it refers to the fact that the Dakelh, unlike the Sekani, participated in trade with the coast, which required packing loads of goods over the Grease Trails.

title: Dakelh


text:
User talk:AUSTiN

Cinéma vérité
I've largely rewritten Cinéma vérité. You were right, it was crap. Hope you like it better now.

title: User talk:AUSTiN


text:
Histioteuthis

Histioteuthis is a genus of squid in the family Histioteuthidae. It goes by the common name cock-eyed squid, because in all species the right eye is normal-sized, round, blue and sunken; whereas the left eye is at least twice the diameter of the right eye, tubular, yellow-green, faces upward, and bulges out of the head.

In 2017, researchers at Duke University established that Histioteuthis uses its larger eye to see ambient sunlight, and its smaller eye to detect bioluminescence from prey animals.

The name is composed of the Greek histion (ἱστίον, "sail", a large webbed membrane between six of the arms, in some species) and teuthis ("squid").

The genus contains bioluminescent species.

Species

 * H. bonnellii species-group
 * Histioteuthis bonnellii, umbrella squid
 * Histioteuthis machrohista
 * H. reversa species-group
 * Histioteuthis eltaninae
 * Histioteuthis atlantica
 * Histioteuthis reversa, reverse jewel squid
 * H. celetaria subspecies-group
 * Histioteuthis celetaria celetaria
 * Histioteuthis celetaria pacifica
 * H. corona subspecies-group
 * Histioteuthis corona berryi
 * Histioteuthis corona cerasina
 * Histioteuthis corona corona
 * Histioteuthis corona inermis
 * H. miranda species-group
 * Histioteuthis miranda
 * Histioteuthis oceani
 * H. meleagroteuthis species-group
 * Histioteuthis heteropsis, strawberry squid
 * Histioteuthis meleagroteuthis

title: Histioteuthis


text:
Talk:Histioteuthis

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Histioteuthis. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20061111154410/http://www.tonmo.com/forums/forumdisplay.php?f=41 to http://www.tonmo.com/forums/forumdisplay.php?f=41

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 11:54, 4 November 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Histioteuthis


text:
Boz Scaggs

William Royce "Boz" Scaggs (born June 8, 1944) is an American singer, songwriter, and guitarist. He was a bandmate of Steve Miller in The Ardells in the early 1960s and the Steve Miller Band from 1967 to 1968.

Scaggs began his solo career in 1969, though he lacked a major hit until his 1976 album, Silk Degrees, peaked at number 2 on the Billboard 200, and produced the hit singles "Lido Shuffle" and "Lowdown". Scaggs produced two more platinum-certified albums in Down Two Then Left and Middle Man, the latter of which produced two top-40 singles "Breakdown Dead Ahead" and "Jojo".

After a hiatus for most of the 1980s, he returned to recording and touring in 1988, releasing Other Roads and later joining The New York Rock and Soul Revue. Scaggs opened the nightclub Slim's, a popular music venue in San Francisco (it closed in 2020). He has continued to record and tour throughout the 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s, with his most recent album being 2018's Out of the Blues.

Scaggs is credited for helping the formation of Toto. For his 1976 album, Silk Degrees, he hand-picked musicians after taking suggestions from several people. These musicians were David Paich, David Hungate, and Jeff Porcaro. The three were already friends and had frequently performed together on other albums, such as Steely Dan's Pretzel Logic. By going on tour with Scaggs, it solidified the prospect of starting a band. Columbia picked up on this talent by offering the new group a contract "without audition". Steve Porcaro described this as "a record deal thrown in our laps". Paich stated, "I'm not sure if Toto would have happened as soon, or quite the same way, without Silk Degrees". Their friendship has continued throughout the decades, shown by the varying collaborations and concerts performed together. Paich teamed up once more for Scaggs' 2001 album, Dig, contributing to 6 out of the 11 songs.

Early life, family and education
Scaggs was born in Canton, Ohio, the eldest child to Royce and Helen Scaggs. His father was a traveling salesman who had flown in the Army Air Corps during World War II. Their family moved to McAlester, Oklahoma, then to Plano, Texas (at that time a farm town), just north of Dallas. He learned his first instrument, the cello, at age 9. He received a scholarship to attend a private school in Dallas, St. Mark's School of Texas.

At St. Mark's, he met Steve Miller, who helped him to learn the guitar at age 12. A classmate wanted to give Scaggs a "weird" nickname. This started out as "Bosley", then "Boswell" and "Bosworth". The name was later shortened to Boz.

Early years
In 1959, he became the vocalist for Steve Miller's band, The Marksmen. After graduation in 1962, the pair later attended the University of Wisconsin–Madison together, playing in blues bands like the Ardells and the Fabulous Knight Trains.

Scaggs left school in 1963 to pursue a career in music. He signed up for the Army Reserve and formed a new band, The Wigs. By 1965, the band joined the burgeoning R&B scene in London. Achieving little success, the group disbanded within a few months. Scaggs travelled throughout Europe, earning money by busking. He arrived in Stockholm, Sweden, where he recorded his first solo debut album, Boz, in 1965 with the Karusell Grammofon AB label, which failed commercially. He had a brief stint with the band the Other Side with Mac MacLeod and Jack Downing.

Returning to the US, Scaggs promptly headed for the booming psychedelic music center of San Francisco in 1967 after receiving a postcard invitation from Steve Miller to join his band. He appeared on the Steve Miller Band's first two albums, Children of the Future and Sailor in 1968. He left the band due to different music tastes and tension between himself and Miller at the time. Scaggs secured a solo contract with Atlantic Records in 1968, releasing his second album, Boz Scaggs, a year later. It was produced by Jann Wenner (co-founder of the magazine Rolling Stone) and features the Muscle Shoals Rhythm Section and session guitarist Duane Allman. Despite good reviews, this release achieved only moderate sales. Scaggs briefly hooked up with San Francisco Bay Area band Mother Earth in a supporting role on their second album Make a Joyful Noise on guitar and backup vocals.

Scaggs signed with Columbia Records releasing the albums Moments in 1971 and My Time in 1972. These first Columbia albums were modest sellers. Seeking a new more soulful direction, Columbia brought in former Motown producer Johnny Bristol for Scaggs' next album, Slow Dancer (1974). Although the album only made No. 81 on the US Billboard Album Chart, it subsequently attained gold status, no doubt getting a boost from the huge success of Scaggs's next album, Silk Degrees.

1976–1981: the hit years
In 1976, using session musicians who later formed the band Toto, he recorded Silk Degrees, with Joe Wissert on producing duties. The album, which received a Grammy nomination for album of the year and a further nomination for Wissert as Producer of the Year, reached No. 2 on the US Billboard 200, and No. 1 in a number of other countries, spawning four hit singles: "It's Over", "Lowdown", "What Can I Say", and "Lido Shuffle", as well as the poignant ballad "We're All Alone", which Rita Coolidge (who had performed backing vocals on an earlier Scaggs album) took to the top of the charts in 1977. "Lowdown" sold over one million copies in the US and won the Grammy Award for Best R&B Song, which was shared by Scaggs and David Paich. In Saturday Night Fever, John Travolta choreographed his dance to "Lowdown".

In an interview, Travolta states "The Bee Gees weren't even involved in the movie in the beginning, I was dancing to Stevie Wonder and Boz Scaggs." However, Columbia denied the song's use as there was another disco movie using "Lowdown" (Looking for Mr. Goodbar).

A sellout world tour followed. Scaggs was performing at Avery Fisher Hall (now the David Geffen Hall) in New York's Lincoln Center during the infamous July 13th New York City blackout in 1977. He was around 15 minutes into the concert when the power went out. Scaggs told the audience to save their ticket stubs as he would do a repeat concert on the Friday night, a few days after. Scaggs performed with Fleetwood Mac for a few concerts between 1976 and 1977.

His follow-up album in 1977 Down Two Then Left did not sell as well as Silk Degrees and neither of its singles reached the Top 40. For Down Two Then Left, Scaggs continued working with Toto and additionally Ray Parker Jr, who later created the Ghostbusters theme song in 1984.

The 1980 album Middle Man spawned two top 20 hits, "Breakdown Dead Ahead" (No. 15, Hot 100) and "Jojo" (No. 17, Hot 100); and Scaggs also enjoyed two more top 20 hits in 1980–81, "Look What You've Done to Me", from the Urban Cowboy soundtrack, and "Miss Sun", from a greatest hits set, both reaching No. 14 on the Hot 100. "Miss Sun" was an unreleased Toto demo from 1977.

Later career
Scaggs took a long break from recording as he felt making music became a "career" and that music had "left him". He did attempt to make a new album in 1983, but "it didn't feel right". In 1985, he succumbed to feelings of anxiety and felt he had to get a record out as there was "something very big missing" in his life.

Scaggs' next album, Other Roads, did not appear until 1988 due to Columbia rejecting the record as "they didn't feel they had a strong hit single", making Scaggs spend more time perfecting the album. "Heart of Mine", from Other Roads, is Scaggs' last top-40 hit as of 2018. Also in 1988, he opened the San Francisco nightclub, Slim's, and remained an owner of the venue until the club's closure in 2020.

From 1989 to 1992, Scaggs joined Donald Fagen, Phoebe Snow, Michael McDonald and others in the New York Rock and Soul Revue. In 1992, Scaggs performed at Toto's tribute concert for Jeff Porcaro, along with Don Henley, Donald Fagen, Eddie Van Halen, George Harrison, and Michael McDonald.

His next solo release was the album Some Change in 1994. He issued Come On Home, an album of rhythm and blues, and My Time: A Boz Scaggs Anthology, an anthology, in 1997.

In the summer of 1998, Boz toured as the opening act for Stevie Nicks.

After another hiatus from recording, his next album, Dig, received good reviews. However, the CD was released on an unfortunate date – September 11, 2001. In May 2003, Scaggs released But Beautiful, a collection of jazz standards that debuted at number one on the jazz chart. In 2008 he released Speak Low, which he described in the liner notes as "a sort of progressive, experimental effort ... along the lines of some of the ideas that Gil Evans explored." During 2004, he released a DVD and a live 16-track CD Greatest Hits Live that was recorded August 2003 at the Great American Music Hall in San Francisco. Dig was re-released in 2006, with the exception of the song 'Get On The Natch'.

After a break in recording, he undertook a series of shows across the US in 2008. Two years later he joined Donald Fagen and Michael McDonald for concerts entitled the Dukes of September Rhythm Revue.

His next album Memphis was released in March 2013. It was recorded in that Southern American city at the Royal Studios. The album included some of his favorite compositions from other artists. A tour of the United States, Canada and Japan followed the release. Before the year ended, he added live dates across North America and Australia for 2014. In 2015, he released A Fool to Care, a compilation of mostly covers, including "Whispering Pines" with Lucinda Williams, and one original blues composition, "Hell to Pay", performed with Bonnie Raitt. The album rose to number 1 on the Billboard Blues Album chart and number 54 on the Billboard 200. In 2018, he released Out of the Blues, reaching number 1 on the Billboard Top Blues Albums chart.

In February 2024, he made his first post-pandemic visit to Japan, touring for seven shows in five locations throughout the country. From the stage of his Tokyo show, he announced that he would donate the guitars he used for his Japan tour to a charity auction to support the recovery from the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake which had struck on New Year's Day that year.[46]

Personal life
Scaggs married his first wife, Donna Carmella Storniola, in 1973. They had two sons: Austin, a music journalist for Rolling Stone, and Oscar, who died on December 31, 1998, from a heroin overdose. Scaggs and Carmella divorced in 1980. After 3.5 years, Scaggs won joint custody of his sons. Carmella died in February 2017.

In 1992, he married Dominique Gioia. In 1996, they moved to Napa Valley and planted 2.2 acres of Grenache, Mourvedre, Syrah, and Counoise grapes. In 2000 they made their first wine. In 2006, Scaggs Vineyard was certified organic. In 2016, Scaggs sold his plot to Newfound Wines.

In 2017, his house burned down as a result of the Northern California wildfires in October. He and his wife were on tour at the time. He lost everything: vineyard, cars, and sentimental objects such as decades worth of legal pads and cocktail napkins with lyrics on them.

Awards and nominations
In 2019, Scaggs was awarded the Texas Medal of Arts.

Solo albums
* While the 1969 self-titled Atlantic album failed to chart upon initial release, it peaked at No. 171 when reissued in 1974. Three years later the album was reissued once again, this time in a remixed form. This version, however, only bubbled under the Billboard 200, reaching No. 209.

* Rolling Stone ranked this album at number 496 on its list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.

title: Boz Scaggs


text:
Fossa navicularis

Fossa navicularis is an alternate name for two different boat-shaped depressions:
 * fossa of vestibule of vagina
 * navicular fossa of male urethra

title: Fossa navicularis


text:
Talk:Professor Vector

No consensus to delete. Removed VfD notice. Comment: Since Harry Potter is a series, this character may well appear in later books, then we would just be recreating it. Deletion debate archived below.

"...yet we have never met her in the books." Does this character really deserve a link from the main Potter page to this article? Niteowlneils 17:55, 2 May 2004 (UTC)
 * Against. Good stub, real character. No VfD header in the article. (And I refuse to insert one. Let supporter of VfD do that.). Beside it seems that JK Rowling is using Vector as a classic unseen character. Przepla 18:04, 2 May 2004 (UTC). I hereby change my vote into supporting a redirect to Hogwarts Subjects.(Providing that current info will be incorporated into Hogwarts article.) Przepla 13:32, 4 May 2004 (UTC)
 * So I list, then tag--BFD. Entire content of article (other than stub msg and an aside about the word "vector": "Professor Vector is a fictional character in the Harry Potter books. She is the arithmancy professor at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. Professor Vector is female and likes to give her pupils plenty of complicated homework, yet we have never met her in the books." er, forgot to sign (and what is "arithmancy"?) Niteowlneils 18:21, 2 May 2004 (UTC)

 * comment: It's a tough call to know when a character deserves their own page, isn't it?--bodnotbod 18:31, May 2, 2004 (UTC)
 * I'm going to have to say delete. The article says little more than "teaches arithmancy", and the Hogwarts subsection on arithmancy says that it's taught by this professor. Given that the character seems to have no real impact, delete and delink. If the character becomes notable in later books, a new article can be written. (Note: I haven't read the books, but if there was something notable about this character it should have been added to the article by now) -- Cyrius|&#9998 19:54, May 2, 2004 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Hogwarts Subjects. -- Jao 00:20, 4 May 2004 (UTC)
 * IIRC, section redirects don't work properly. -- Cyrius|&#9998 00:52, May 4, 2004 (UTC)
 * This one works fine. Good suggestion, btw. Meelar 02:51, 4 May 2004 (UTC)
 * I've had problems with them too, but I thought it was just me, or my browser, or something. Now I see on How to edit a page that they indeed don't work "yet". Still, my vote stands. It will at least redirect to the article (and hopefully people can search within a page), and if the feature is implemented in the future, the redirect will improve. -- Jao 11:20, 4 May 2004 (UTC)
 * Keep. I really don't see a problem with this -- if Wikipedia is to include concordances on fictional realms created and maintained by those familiar enough with the works to do it I see no reason to try to enforce a fine line between "notable enough" and "not notable enough" from the outside.  Jgm 19:57, 4 May 2004 (UTC)

Is this article absolutely nessecary?

title: Talk:Professor Vector


text:
Casimir Pulaski Day

Casimir Pulaski Day is a local holiday officially observed in Illinois, on the first Monday of March in memory of Casimir Pulaski (March 6, 1745 – October 11, 1779), a Revolutionary War cavalry officer born in Poland as Kazimierz Pułaski. He is praised for his contributions to the U.S. military in the American Revolution and known as "the father of the American cavalry".

Description
Casimir Pulaski Day is celebrated mainly in areas that have large Polish populations, such as Chicago, Bloomington, and Du Bois. The focus of official commemorations of Casimir Pulaski Day in Chicago is at the Polish Museum of America where various city and state officials congregate to pay tribute to Chicago's Polish Community.

The city of Chicago celebrated its first official Pulaski Day in 1986. On February 26, 1986, Mayor Harold Washington introduced a resolution to designate the first Monday in March General Casimir Pulaski Day, and the City Council approved. The Chicago Public Library closes in observance of Pulaski Day but Chicago Public Schools remain open. Pulaski Day stopped being a holiday for Chicago Public Schools in 2012 as a way to increase the number of days in the school year, although some Illinois schools still observe the holiday depending on snow days.

This is a separate holiday from the federal observance, General Pulaski Memorial Day, which commemorates Pulaski's death from wounds suffered at the Siege of Savannah October 11, 1779.

Illinois enacted a law on September 13, 1977, to celebrate the birthday of Casimir Pulaski and held the first official Pulaski Day celebrations in 1978. The bill was introduced by State Senator Norbert A. Kosinski, a Democrat from Chicago, and signed by Thomas Hynes, President of the Senate, on June 26, 1977. Cook County government offices, the Chicago Public Library, and statewide public and private schools are closed on this holiday.

Wisconsin public schools also observe Casimir Pulaski Day, although they do not close for it. Banks in Illinois may close for the holiday.

Section 118.02 of the Wisconsin Statutes provides that, "...when school is held or, if the day falls on a Saturday or Sunday, on a school day immediately preceding or following the respective day, the day shall be appropriately observed...." The use of "shall" denotes this as a mandatory requirement. Each public school in Wisconsin must observe Casimir Pulaski Day on March 4. How the day is observed — "appropriately" — allows for some discretion among the schools.

Buffalo, New York also acknowledges a "Pulaski Day," which is held in the middle of July, and is celebrated with an annual parade.

On November 6, 2009, President Barack Obama signed a joint resolution of the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives making Pulaski an honorary American citizen, 230 years after his death. He is one of eight people to be granted honorary United States citizenship.

Grand Rapids, Michigan hosts a "Pulaski Days" celebration annually on the first full weekend of October in recognition of General Pulaski and the Polish culture in general.

In popular culture
Sufjan Stevens titled a song "Casimir Pulaski Day" on his album Illinois. The song interweaves his memories of a friend's battle with bone cancer with an account of the holiday as indicated by the lyric: "... in the morning, in the winter shade, on the first of March, on the holiday, I thought I saw you breathing."

Big Black, a Chicago-based post-hardcore band active between 1982 and 1987, have a song titled "Kasimir S. Pulaski Day".

Chicago-based alternative hip-hop artist Kidd Russell titled a song "Pulaski Day" produced by Cisco Adler. The single was released on Pulaski Day 2012, and was featured on the front page of Vevo. The video has a cameo from professional wrestler Colt Cabana. The song is an up-tempo track that features lyrics about Chicago in the summer time ... "North Beach in the summertime, Lake Shore Drive is on my mind, no matter where I go, the city has my soul, Pulaski Day, Pulaski Day, We are going to party like Pulaski Day!"

title: Casimir Pulaski Day


text:
Transdermal implant

Transdermal implants, or dermal piercings, are a form of body modification used both in a medical and aesthetic context that, in contrast to subdermal implants, consist of an object placed partially below and partially above the skin, thus implanted transdermal. Two techniques are prevalent using post-like and microdermal implants respectively.

Although the skin around such implants generally heals as if it were a piercing, in the body piercing community, these types of modification are commonly called fairly "heavy" due to the complexity of the procedure, but the potential social implications either.

Procedure
When the procedure is done using a post-like implant, an incision is made a small distance from the site. The skin is then lifted and the implant is passed through. Then, a hole is opened at the site for it to pass through, and it is moved so that the top part fills the hole. The implants used for this are generally small and not textured in any way except rounding.

If a more graphic implant is desired, it is generally done in two parts. First, the base is inserted the same way a single-part would be, except that the base implant is threaded. It may either stick out like a bolt, or be inward like a nut. When this is done, the top half is screwed on. This type is usually done for spikes and/or horns.

In any case, the part of the implant which passes under the skin generally is somewhat large and has holes. The skin will grow into them, making it more permanent.

Microdermal implants
Microdermal implants are a form of body modification which gives the aesthetic appearance of a transdermal implant, without the complications of the much more complicated surgery associated with transdermal implants. Microdermals are single point piercings which are a sort of surface piercing.

Microdermal implants can be placed practically anywhere on the surface of the skin on the body, but are different from conventional piercings in that they are composed of two components: an anchor, which is implanted underneath the skin, with a step protruding from (or flush with) the surface of the surrounding skin, and the changeable jewellery, which is screwed into the threaded hole in the step of the anchor.

They should not be implanted in hands, feet, wrists, collarbones or any area where it is not flat or that is near a joint.

Procedure
The procedure is usually performed using a dermal punch or needle. When a dermal piercing is done with a punch, the pouch is made in a different way. When using a needle, the pouch is made by separating the skin. When using a dermal punch, the pouch is made by removing a bit of tissue. A microdermal punch is less painful and therefore commonly used. The process starts by identifying the point of piercing on the sterilized area that will be marked with a surgical marker. The microdermal punch is then used to remove skin tissues. The anchor is then placed under the skin and a piece of jewelry is placed using surgical forceps.

title: Transdermal implant


text:
Joubiniteuthis portieri

Joubiniteuthis portieri, also known as Joubin's squid from the monotypic family Joubiniteuthidae and genus Joubiniteuthis. It is a rare, small squid which occurs in the mesopelagic to bathypelagic zones and which has a worldwide distribution in tropical and subtropical regions. It is a distinctive squid having long arms I-III which have numerous small suckers in six rows. Its biology is little known. It is thought that it stays in the depths of the ocean with its arms outstretched, waiting for small animals to ensnare after they have accidentally swum into the arms. This species is named after Louis Joubin, a French zoologist. It is known to reach a mantle length of 9 cm.

It is the closest relative of the bizarre, famous bigfin squids (genus Magnapinna). The Joubin’s squid has been sighted most recently by Schmidt Ocean Institute, but was first found at the northwest Hawaiian islands on a 2003 NOAA (National Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration) expedition which was first believed to be one of if not the best pieces of footage of the squid in its natural habitat.

title: Joubiniteuthis portieri


text:
Talk:Mount Alberta

The picture shows Mount Saskatchewan, not Mount Alberta.
I have a nearly identical photo I took six weeks earlier than the posted photo. Mount Alberta is definitely not visible from Nigel Pass. My photo is posted on Bivouac.com with Mount Saskatchewan as the "subject mountain". Unfortunately I do not have access to any good photos of Mount Alberta that I have permission to post on Wikipedia.

68.148.28.243 (talk) 02:00, 26 February 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mount Alberta


text:
Scimitar babbler

The scimitar babblers are birds in the genera Pomatorhinus and Jabouilleia of the large Old World babbler family of passerines. These are birds of tropical Asia, with the greatest number of species occurring in hills of the Himalayas.

Scimitar babblers are rangy, medium-sized, floppy-tailed land birds with soft fluffy plumage. They have strong legs and are quite terrestrial. This group is not strongly migratory, and most species have short rounded wings, and a weak flight.

Scimitar babblers have long, downward-curved bills, used to work through the leaf litter, which give the group its name. They are typically long tailed, dark brown above, and white or orange-brown below. Many have striking head patterns, with a broad black band through the eye, bordered with white above and below.

Most scimitar babblers are jungle species, difficult to observe in the dense vegetation they prefer, but like other babblers, these are noisy birds, and the characteristic bubbling calls are often the best indication that these birds are present.

As with other babbler species, they frequently occur in groups of up to a dozen, and the rain forest species like Indian scimitar babbler often occur in the mixed feeding flocks typical of tropical Asian jungle.

The genera are:

 * Pomatorhinus - 15 species
 * Jabouilleia - 2 species

title: Scimitar babbler


text:
Pomatorhinus

Pomatorhinus  is a genus of scimitar babblers, jungle birds with long downcurved bills. These are birds of tropical Asia, with the greatest number of species occurring in hills of the Himalayas.

These are medium-sized, floppy-tailed landbirds with soft plumage. They are typically long-tailed, dark brown above, and white or orange-brown below. Many have striking head patterns, with a broad black band through the eye, bordered with white above and below.

They have strong legs and are quite terrestrial. Like other babblers, these are noisy birds, and the characteristic bubbling calls are often the best indication that these birds are present. As with other babbler species, they frequently occur in groups of up to a dozen, and the rainforest species like Indian scimitar babbler often occur in the mixed feeding flocks typical of tropical Asian jungle.

Species
The genus contains 11 species: The following cladogram shows the relationships within the genera according to a 2019 phylogeny by Tianlong Cai and colleagues:

title: Pomatorhinus


text:
Anal wink

The anal wink, anal reflex, perineal reflex, or anocutaneous reflex is the reflexive contraction of the external anal sphincter upon stroking of the skin around the anus.

A noxious or tactile stimulus will cause a wink contraction of the anal sphincter muscles and also flexion. The stimulus is detected by the nociceptors in the perineal skin to the pudendal nerve, where a response is integrated by the spinal cord sacral segments S2-S4.

The absence of this reflex indicates that there is an interruption of the reflex arc, or damage to the spinal cord, which may be in the sensory afferent limb or the motor efferent limb. The synapse between the afferent and efferent limbs occurs in the lowest sacral segments of the spinal cord.

title: Anal wink


text:
Crazy Legs (dancer)

Richard Colón (born January 1, 1966), better known by his stage name Crazy Legs, is an American b-boy who was featured in the earliest stories on hip hop dancing to appear in mainstream press, and as president of the Rock Steady Crew brought the form to London and Paris in 1983. Today he is also involved in community outreach, dance instruction, and dance theater productions. He has appearanced in fiction films and documentaries. Crazy Legs is current president of the Rock Steady Crew.

Career
Richard "Crazy Legs" Colón grew up in the Inwood section of Manhattan, New York City, where he was introduced to "breaking" by his older brother when he was nine. He was an original member of the Rock Steady Crew after its foundation in 1979. Dance critic Sally Banes in an April 1981 piece on the form in the Village Voice quotes Crazy Legs listing the best dancers extant and documents his accidental invention of the "W" move, in which the dancer sits with his legs double-backed behind him. The next month saw The New York Times cover a three-day conference on "Bronx folk culture". "There is a system of apprentices: a 'Lil' Crazy Legs with Crazy Legs," the Times reported, "Dance steps are performed solo to an accompaniment called rapping - chanting voice and percussion."

His first film appearance was as himself in Charlie Ahearn's independent release Wild Style (1982), followed by his featuring in the early documentary on hip hop culture Style Wars (PBS, 1983). As a craze for all things hip hop took hold, the 16-year-old Crazy Legs, now President of the Rock Steady Crew, took hip hop dance to Paris and London as part of the New York City Rap Tour, with recording artists Afrika Bambaataa and Grandmixer D.ST, graffiti artists Fab 5 Freddie and Futura 2000, and the World Champion Fantastic Four Double Dutch Girls. Appearances in Hollywood films were another consequence: he was a street dancer and, as with Wild Style, played himself in the fiction film Beat Street (Orion, 1984).

In 1991 he danced in ''So! What Happens Now?, "probably the first hip-hop production on a mainstream dance stage in New York City," according to The New York Times'', which reflected that the production proved "street dance is an art as demanding and inventive as mainstream dance forms like ballet and jazz." The following year came Concrete Jungle as part of a program at the Lincoln Center which the Times called "a turning point in the evolution of urban street dance," the piece itself being "extraordinarily affecting". The "jubilantly hyperactive" and "astonishing" Jam on the Groove debuted in 1995, and in 1999 Crazy Legs instructed dancers of the Urban Youth Theater for their show Minotaur.

Crazy Legs has hosted b-boy contests, appearances at live events, and staging of Rock Steady Crew Anniversaries. He provided voice-overs for the television comedy series Kung Faux. He is also a character in the video game Def Jam Fight For NY. In 2006 he was invited by the Smithsonian Institution to contribute to a collection for the National Museum of American History. Crazy Legs officially retired from competition as of July 28, 2012 after competing at the Rock Steady Crew's 35th Anniversary at The Altman Building in Manhattan, NY.

Rock Steady Anniversary parties
As president of Rock Steady Crew, Crazy Legs and his Backspin Productions hosts and organizes the annual Rock Steady Anniversary, a community event that honors deceased members of the crew and celebrates hip hop culture. The parties feature DJs, breakdancing, MCs, and graffiti artists. The group also holds the annual Celebrity Basketball Tournament during the yearly anniversary celebrations to raise money for the Greenwich Village Youth Council in New York. In 2003, New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg proclaimed July 26 to be "Rock Steady Crew Day" in New York City during their 26th Anniversary Celebration at Pier 54. Sportswear company Fila debuted the "Rock Steady Crew 77" sneaker in April 2004.

Awards
As part of the Rock Steady Crew, Crazy Legs won a 1992 Bessie Award for choreography. In 1994 he received the Hip Hop Pioneer Award from The Source. He was presented with the Source Youth Foundation Image Award in 2003. He has also earned the 2003 AARTS Award from the Bay Shore Schools Arts Education Fund and was honored as the National Godfather of the 2003 Jersey City Puerto Rican Day Parade. He was nominated for an MTV Award for Best Choreography for his work with Wyclef Jean. “Jam on the Groove” was nominated for best choreography at the Drama Desk Awards in 1996. His dance program at The POINT CDC for young people in South Bronx garnered him the “New Yorker of the Week” Award from New York 1 News.

title: Crazy Legs (dancer)


text:
Winston Churchill Range

The Winston Churchill Range is a mountain range in the central section of the Park Ranges of the Canadian Rockies located in Jasper National Park. The range was named after Sir Winston Churchill, former British prime minister.

The eastern boundary of the range begins on the western side of Sunwapta River from the Jasper and Banff boundary and extends north to Sunwapta Falls. The western boundary of the range is defined by the Athabasca River valley to the east of Warwick Mountain. The valley narrows as it approaches the Continental Divide, and separates Mt. Columbia from Mt. King Edward, the latter of which is not part of the range.

List of mountains
This range includes the following mountains and peaks:

title: Winston Churchill Range


text:
Ted Nolan

Theodore John Nolan (born April 7, 1958) is an Indigenous Canadian who has made significant contributions to professional hockey both as a player and as a coach. His career highlights include playing as a left winger in the National Hockey League (NHL) and serving as the head coach for teams such as the Buffalo Sabres and the Latvia men's national ice hockey team.

From July 2017 until May 2018 he was head coach of the Poland men's national ice hockey team. He played three seasons in the National Hockey League for the Detroit Red Wings and the Pittsburgh Penguins. He also coached the New York Islanders, after serving as assistant coach for one season with the Hartford Whalers. On November 13, 2013, the Buffalo Sabres re-hired Nolan as interim head coach; he remained in the position until April 12, 2015.

Playing career
He played left-wing for the Ontario Hockey Association's Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds, the Kansas City Red Wings of the Central Hockey League, and the Adirondack Red Wings, Rochester Americans and Baltimore Skipjacks of the American Hockey League. He also played for the Pittsburgh Penguins and the Detroit Red Wings of the National Hockey League from early to mid-1980s.

Ontario Hockey League
Nolan became head coach of the Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds in 1988, as a mid-season replacement and coached there until the end of the 1994 season. Nolan led the Greyhounds to the three consecutive Memorial Cup tournament berths, winning the Canadian national junior championship in 1993.

Buffalo Sabres, 1995–1997
Nolan was hired as an assistant coach by the Hartford Whalers prior to the 1994–95 NHL season. After one season in Hartford, he accepted the position of head coach with the NHL's Buffalo Sabres. In his second season in Buffalo, he led the team to the Northeast Division title and was awarded the Jack Adams Trophy as the league's top coach.

His relationships with all-star goaltender Dominik Hašek and general manager John Muckler, however, were strained. Hašek, who sided with Muckler, stated in an interview during 1997 NHL Awards Ceremony that "it would be better for me if he (Nolan) did not return." Muckler, who had just been voted the NHL's 1996–97 Executive of the Year, was the first casualty of this toxic situation and was fired prior to the 1997–98 season. New general manager Darcy Regier was given the option of choosing his own coach. Rather than fire Nolan, whose two-year contract had just expired, Regier offered him a one-year extension, reportedly for $500,000. After winning Coach of the Year honors, Nolan found the offer insulting and rejected it. Regier subsequently pulled the contract off the table and hired Lindy Ruff as the Sabres' new head coach.

Post-Sabres career
Following his departure from Buffalo, Nolan was offered NHL coaching jobs in 1997 by the Tampa Bay Lightning (head coach) and in 1998 by the New York Islanders (assistant coach). Nolan declined both offers. Nolan was not offered an NHL coaching job again until May 2006, a span of eight years, with reports of his role in the firing of Sabres' GM John Muckler being the reason no team would hire him.

On December 16, 2005, Nolan was the victim of racial harassment during a Wildcats road game against the Chicoutimi Saguenéens. Fans in the stands shouted racial slurs at him and directed gestures such as the "tomahawk chop" and shooting a bow and arrow towards him as he stood behind the Moncton bench. The incident, he said later, left him shaking with anger and humiliation. The fans' behavior was condemned both by the QMJHL commissioner and Saguenéens management, the latter of which issued a formal apology to Nolan.

Nolan's Wildcats reached the 2006 Memorial Cup final only to lose to the Quebec Remparts.

New York Islanders, 2006–2008
On June 8, 2006, New York Islanders' owner Charles Wang dismissed interim coach Brad Shaw and announced the hiring of Nolan as the team's new head coach. New York Post hockey columnist Larry Brooks quickly criticized Wang for hiring Nolan at the same time as new general manager Neil Smith, rather than allowing Smith to hire a coach of his own choosing.

In his first season with the Islanders in 2006–07, he led the team to a 92-point season and its first playoff berth since 2003–04. On April 20, 2007, Nolan's Islanders fell in five games to his former team, the top-seeded Buffalo Sabres.

In his second season, Nolan led the Islanders to a record of 35–38–9 for 79 points. On July 14, 2008, he was fired by then-Islanders' general manager Garth Snow.

Rochester Americans, 2009–2011
On July 2, 2009, Nolan agreed to a one-year contract with the Rochester Americans to become their Vice President of Hockey Operations. He remained with the team through 2011, when the team was sold to Terrence Pegula.

Latvia men's national ice hockey team
On August 3, 2011, Latvian Ice Hockey Federation announced that Nolan has agreed to become the head coach of Latvia men's national ice hockey team. He coached Latvia at the 2012 and 2013 IIHF World Championships, finishing 10th and 11th respectively. In 2013, Latvia qualified for the 2014 Winter Olympics with Nolan behind the bench.

At the Sochi Olympic Games, Latvia finished last in its group during the round robin tournament. They then upset favoured Switzerland in the qualification playoffs 3–1. Advancing to the quarterfinals, Latvia lost a hard-fought match to defending Olympic champions Team Canada 2–1. It was Latvia's best-ever Olympic result as they finished eighth overall.

Return to the Buffalo Sabres, 2013–2015
On November 13, 2013, Nolan returned to the Buffalo Sabres, being named the interim head coach following the firing of both head coach Ron Rolston and general manager Darcy Regier. Nolan was hired by Pat LaFontaine, who had also joined the team as president of hockey operations before resigning three months later.

Despite a relatively poor on-ice record, Tim Murray, Regier's replacement as general manager, expressed interest in keeping Nolan as permanent head coach. Nolan signed a three-year contract extension on March 31, 2014. However, on April 12, 2015, Murray fired Nolan and his assistants, citing a last place finish and a "decent" but not "great" working relationship with Nolan.

Poland men's national ice hockey team
Nolan started coaching the Polish national team in 2017. The team played in the 2018 IIHF World Championship Division I A and were relegated to Division I B. He resigned shortly thereafter.

Personal life
Nolan and his wife Sandra have two sons who played in the NHL, Brandon Nolan, a Vancouver Canucks draft pick who last played for the AHL's Albany River Rats, and Jordan Nolan, who last played for the AHL's Wilkes-Barre/Scranton Penguins.

Nolan is a member of the Ojibwe tribe, a First Nations people. He was raised with eleven siblings in poverty on the Garden River reserve near Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario. The house had no electricity or running water. At age 14 his father, Stan, died of heart failure, and his mother, Rose, was killed by a drunk driver when he was 24.

Awards and achievements
Ted Nolan was chosen as a role model in the national native alcohol drug and abuse program in 1986. Nolan was also chosen for the Kiwanis Citizen of the year in 1991, and is an active member of the Aboriginal community.

 * 1996–97 – Jack Adams Award Winner
 * 1994 - National Aboriginal Achievement Award, now the Indspire Awards

Coaching statistics
Note: Head coaching statistics only.

Junior leagues
– Denotes championship season

Philanthropy
The Ted Nolan Foundation: Established by Nolan in 2004, the foundation is dedicated to supporting the educational and athletic aspirations of female First Nations students through the Rose Nolan Memorial Scholarship. Named in honor of his mother, the scholarship provides $5,000 annually to recipients who demonstrate academic achievement, athletic involvement, and strong community engagement.

3|NOLANS First Nation Hockey School: In 2013, Nolan, alongside his sons, founded the 3|NOLANS First Nation Hockey School. This initiative offers a 5-day hockey skills camp aimed at boys and girls aged 7 to 15. The program focuses on enhancing hockey abilities among First Nation youth and emphasizes the importance of active, healthy living. Beyond sports skills, the camp encourages participants to become positive role models in their communities.

title: Ted Nolan


text:
User:Kosovar

I am here to represent the views and the interests of the Kosovars, the people of Kosova.

I am interested in tourism and travel.

Top Kosova Tourism Websites

 * Go to Kosova | Go to Kosovo
 * Go to Prishtina | Go to Pristina
 * Visit Besiana
 * Visit Dardania
 * Visit Ferizaj
 * Visit Gjakova
 * Visit Gjilan
 * Visit Kosova | Visit Kosovo
 * Visit Mitrovica
 * Visit Peja
 * Visit Prishtina | Visit Pristina
 * Visit Prizren

Other Kosovar Websites

 * Giskos

title: User:Kosovar


text:
HMS Sluys (D60)

HMS Sluys was a Battle-class destroyer of the Royal Navy (RN). She was named in honour of the Battle of Sluys which occurred in 1340 during the Hundred Years' War, and which resulted in a decisive English victory over a French fleet. Sluys was built by Cammell Laird of Birkenhead. She was launched on 28 February 1945 and commissioned on 30 September 1946. In 1967, the ship was transferred to Pahlavi Iran and renamed Artemiz. In 1985, the ship was renamed again, this time Damavand.

Royal Navy service
Upon commission, Sluys joined the 5th Destroyer Flotilla, part of the Home Fleet, which was based in the UK. In 1947, Sluys, along with her sister ship HMS Cadiz (D79), escorted the aircraft carrier HMS Vengeance (R71), which was flying the flag of the First Sea Lord, to Norway, where the small group made a variety of fly-the-flag visits to ports, as well as performing other duties.

In 1953, Sluys was decommissioned and subsequently placed in Reserve.

Transfer and sale to Iran
Sluys was sold to Pahlavi Iran in 1967 after a major rebuild by Vosper Thornycroft of Southampton that took three years to complete, completely changing her outline. This resulted in the ship having a fully enclosed bridge and a revised anti-aircraft fit of four single 40mm Bofors guns and a quadruple Sea Cat missile system. A new plated mainmast carried a Plessey AWS 1 long range search radar. The sale was made despite stresses between the UK and Iran during the 1960s, which were centred on tensions and disputes in the Middle East. Sluys was renamed Artemiz upon joining the Iranian Navy. After some time, the ship was awarded the pennant number 51.

On 30 November 1971, Artemiz took part in the Iranian occupation of the Tunb islands in the Strait of Hormuz. In 1975-76, Artemiz underwent another refit, this time taking place at Cape Town, South Africa. The destroyer received four Standard missile launchers with a launch capability of eight missiles.

In 1985 Artemiz underwent a further refit, this time carried out by the Russians and received, amongst other things, a brand new Russian surface-to-air missile system to replace the British Sea Cat. However, she did keep her original 4.5-inch Mk 4 turrets, albeit with an updated radar and fire control system. The ship was then renamed Damavand and also received two Soviet-made twin 23 mm/80 anti-aircraft guns.

Damavand was stricken around 1996

title: HMS Sluys (D60)


text:
The Elegant Universe

The Elegant Universe: Superstrings, Hidden Dimensions, and the Quest for the Ultimate Theory is a book by Brian Greene published in 1999, which introduces string and superstring theory, and provides a comprehensive though non-technical assessment of the theory and some of its shortcomings. In 2000, it won the Royal Society Prize for Science Books and was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction. A new edition was released in 2003, with an updated preface.

Table of contents

 * Preface (with an additional preface to the 2003 edition)
 * Part I: The Edge of Knowledge
 * Part II: The Dilemma of Space, Time, and the Quanta
 * Part III: The Cosmic Symphony
 * Part IV: String Theory and the Fabric of Spacetime
 * Part V: Unification in the Twenty-First Century

Contents
Beginning with a brief consideration of classical physics, which concentrates on the major conflicts in physics, Greene establishes a historical context for string theory as a necessary means of integrating the probabilistic world of the standard model of particle physics and the deterministic Newtonian physics of the macroscopic world. Greene discusses the essential problem facing modern physics: the unification of Albert Einstein's theory of General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics. Greene suggests that string theory is the solution to these two conflicting approaches. Greene frequently uses analogies and thought experiments to provide a means for the layman to come to terms with the theory which has the potential to create a unified theory of physics.

Reception
According to George Johson's review in The New York Times: "Writing about this area of physics, as Greene does, without assuming that the reader has any mathematical background is the hardest challenge of popular science writing. Michio Kaku, a physicist at City College in New York, provided a very nice introduction to superstrings in Beyond Einstein: The Cosmic Quest for the Theory of the Universe. But Greene goes beyond Kaku's book, exploring the ideas and recent developments with a depth and clarity I wouldn't have thought possible. Like Simon Singh in Fermat's Enigma, he has a rare ability to explain even the most evanescent ideas in a way that gives at least the illusion of understanding, enough of a mental toehold to get on with the climb."

John H. Schwarz wrote: "Since he is an expert in the subject, Greene's description of the current state of understanding of string theory is reliable. I am not aware of any errors in his depiction of the subject. He writes with a flair that is rare in the scientific world, and which should make the book very appealing to the lay reader. Indeed, following the publication of this book, he has become something of a media celebrity."

Adaptations
The Elegant Universe was adapted into an Emmy Award-winning three-hour program in three parts for television broadcast by David Hickman in late 2003 on the PBS series NOVA.

 * Einstein's Dream
 * String's The Thing
 * Welcome To The 11th Dimension

The Elegant Universe was also interpreted by choreographer Karole Armitage, of Armitage Gone! Dance, in New York City. A performance of the work-in-progress formed part of the inaugural World Science Festival.

title: The Elegant Universe