text:
Rob Paulsen

Robert Frederick Paulsen III (born March 11, 1956) is an American voice actor and voice director, known for his roles in numerous animated television series and films. He received a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Performer in an Animated Program and three Annie Awards for his role as both Yakko and Pinky in the Animaniacs franchise. His other voice roles include Hadji in The New Adventures of Jonny Quest (1986–1987) and The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest (1996–1997); Raphael in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1987–1996); P.J. Pete in Goof Troop (1992), A Goofy Movie (1995), and An Extremely Goofy Movie (2000); Jaq in Cinderella II: Dreams Come True (2002) and Cinderella III: A Twist in Time (2007); and Mac in The Looney Tunes Show (2011–2013) and Looney Tunes: Rabbits Run (2015).

Early life
Robert Frederick Paulsen III was born in Detroit, Michigan, on March 11, 1956, the son of Bob and Lee Paulsen. He was raised in Grand Blanc, Michigan, where he graduated from Grand Blanc High School in 1974. He sang in choirs throughout his youth and adolescence and began performing in plays in school, but his childhood idol was ice hockey player Gordie Howe, and he considered the arts to be a secondary career choice due to his primary interest in becoming a National Hockey League (NHL) player. He briefly attended the University of Michigan-Flint, but later dropped out and moved to Los Angeles in 1978 to pursue a career in show business, much to the disapproval of his father. He worked his first job as a musician, before pursuing voice acting full time.

Career
Paulsen first voice acting role came in 1983 with the mini-series G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero, where he played Snow Job and Tripwire. A few years later, his career launched into more roles such as Cobra Slavemaster and reprising Snow Job and Tripwire on G.I. Joe, Corky on The Snorks, Marco Smurf on the later seasons of The Smurfs, Boober in Fraggle Rock, Hadji in The New Adventures of Jonny Quest and the title character Saber Rider and the villain Jesse Blue on Saber Rider and the Star Sheriffs.

During the 1980s, Paulsen also explored the field of live action films. His first film was Eyes of Fire in 1983. He played supporting roles in Body Double, Stewardess School, Warlock, and Mutant on the Bounty. He appeared in television shows during this time as well, such as MacGyver and St. Elsewhere. Paulsen became more prevalent in the world of advertising as well. In the 1980s, he had been the announcer for the sitcom Cheers and continued to secure roles as an announcer. He appeared as the voice of Mr. Opportunity, spokesman of Honda commercials on TV and radio, the announcer for Buffalo Dick's Radio Ranch, and the spokesman for Lucky Stores, a West Coast grocery store chain, before it was acquired by Albertsons in 1998. He provided the voice of Dog in the Taco Bell kids meal commercials from 1996 to mid-1997, with Eddie Deezen as the voice of Nacho the cat.

However, Paulsen's most famous advertising role was in the original commercial of the now ubiquitous Got Milk? campaign. The famous commercial, Who shot Alexander Hamilton in that famous duel?, aired in 1993, and launched the Got Milk? campaign into a successful enterprise. Paulsen continues to be one of the most sought-after commercial voice actors in the industry. He can be currently heard as the voice of singing Mr. Mini-Wheat in the Mini-Wheats commercials in Canada.

From 1987 to 1995, Paulsen voiced Raphael and various supporting characters in the original 1987 Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles series. Originally starting as a five-part miniseries, the series continued for ten seasons and 193 episodes. It was a great success and became an instant pop culture symbol. Paulsen has said that Raphael's voice is very similar to his natural voice.

He returned to the franchise as Donatello for the 2012 Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles series on Nickelodeon, which ran for five seasons and 124 episodes from September 29, 2012, until November 12, 2017. He also reprised his role as 1987 Raphael in the multiple 1987/2012 crossover episodes.

Paulsen serves as the voice director for the subsequent series, Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, which premiered in July 2018.

Throughout the early 1990s, Paulsen continued to co-star in animated series, which allowed him to branch further into radio and television announcements and dropped live action acting from his repertoire. In 1993, he voiced "Antoine Depardieu" in ABC's series Sonic the Hedgehog, and "Arthur", an insecure accountant in a moth costume (wings included), in the superhero series The Tick in 1995, replacing Micky Dolenz, who had originally played Arthur.

In 1993, he starred as the title character in both Mighty Max and The Mask. Also at this time, he starred in what became one of his most popular roles, Yakko Warner of Animaniacs. Paulsen also provided the voice of Pinky from both Animaniacs and its spin-off Pinky and the Brain, a show which won him several Annie Awards and a Daytime Emmy in 1999. He also did a number of characters in Tiny Toon Adventures, including "Fowlmouth", "Arnold the Pit Bull", and "Concord Condor". In the direct-to-video film Tiny Toon Adventures: How I Spent My Vacation, he did the voices for Banjo Possum, Mr. Hitcher (who would also appear in other episodes), and Johnny Pew. Paulsen continues to voice Yakko and Pinky in the 2020 Animaniacs revival on Hulu.

Paulsen has also provided voices for numerous other characters, including Steelbeak in Darkwing Duck, Brick and Boomer in The Powerpuff Girls, Atchan in Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi, Spooky the Tuff Little Ghost in The Spooktacular New Adventures of Casper, Ogden O. Ostrich in Channel Umptee-3, Hathi in Jungle Cubs, Jack Fenton, The Box Ghost, Nicolai Technus, and The Vulture Ghosts in Danny Phantom, Carl Wheezer, Butch and Skeet in The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron, Boy Genius, Mark Chang, his father King Grippulon, Happy Peppy Gary, and Bucky McBadbat in The Fairly OddParents, Peck the Rooster in Barnyard and Back at the Barnyard, and Gordon in Catscratch.

He was also the voice of Rothchild in the early episodes of Samurai Jack. Additionally, Paulsen provided the voice of P.J. Pete in Goof Troop, A Goofy Movie, and An Extremely Goofy Movie, as well as the voices of Ratchet and Dr. Debolt in the TaleSpin pilot television film Plunder & Lightning. He also did the voices of Boober Fraggle, Sprocket, and Marjory the Trash Heap in the animated version of Fraggle Rock, as well as Gwizdo in the Dragon Hunters film.

He also voiced Zeek and Joshua in K10C: Kids' Ten Commandments, Rude Dog in Rude Dog and the Dweebs, and Archie the Raccoon, A.K.A. Ze Archer, in "Mask of the Raccoon" on The Penguins of Madagascar. and also provided the voices of 2T Fru-T and Mike Ellis in the 2001 cartoon series Butt-Ugly Martians.

He portrayed the voice of Chomper and Strut in The Land Before Time II: The Great Valley Adventure, Spike and Rinkus in The Land Before Time sequels and Spike in the TV series, but Spike was played anonymously in the original The Land Before Time. Paulsen also played Mo in The Land Before Time IX: Journey to Big Water. Paulsen also voiced the robot "D.E.C.K.S." in the early 1990s TV series Wake, Rattle, and Roll. Paulsen also voiced Prescott A. Wentworth III in the Jem episode The Fan. Paulsen also played Antoine Depardieu in Sonic the Hedgehog.

Paulsen was best known to Transformers fans as the voices of the Autobots Air Raid, Chase, Haywire, Fastlane and Slingshot in The Transformers.

Paulsen has voiced characters in video games such as Doom 3. He played Fluffy the Chinese-crested dog in 102 Dalmatians: Puppies to the Rescue, an Irish pub landlord in the 1996 video game Toonstruck, and a floating talking skull named Morte in Planescape: Torment, as well as Anomen Delryn in Baldur's Gate II: Shadows of Amn and Gray Fox in Metal Gear Solid: The Twin Snakes and both Super Smash Bros. Brawl and Super Smash Bros. Ultimate as an Assist Trophy. He provided the voice for Erik the Swift of The Lost Vikings in its second installment. He portrayed Tobli and Lian Ronso in the English version of Square Enix's Final Fantasy X-2 and has played the lead character in Bubsy. Although an extremely minor role, Paulsen has also done the voice for the Greek soldiers in God of War. He voiced Jaq and The Grand Duke from the Cinderella world in Square Enix's and Disney's Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep.

In the video game The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge, he did the voice of Igor. He also reprised his role as Yakko Warner, Dr. Otto Scratchansniff, and Pinky in Animaniacs: The Great Edgar Hunt. Rob Paulsen voiced the lead character, Lazarus Jones, in the PS2 game Ghosthunter. Rob also voiced Alfredo Fettuccini, Bob the Ghost Pirate, Lookout and Ghost Priest in The Secret of Monkey Island: Special Edition. He voiced the Fox and the Mouse in the Green Eggs and Ham PC game. He also voiced Tlaloc in Tak and the Power of Juju. He has voiced the Riddler in Lego Batman 2: DC Super Heroes, a role he reprised in Lego Batman: The Movie – DC Super Heroes Unite. Rob is the voice of talking alien dog Beak-Beak in Armikrog. Paulsen also voices Smash Hit in Skylanders: SuperChargers and Skylanders: Imaginators.

Paulsen is also the off-camera voice of the syndicated television series Funniest Pets & People, which is seen on Superstation WGN and other television stations throughout the United States and abroad.

It was not long before Paulsen returned to Warner Bros. Animation, which had diverged into a new era of television serials (following what is sometimes referred to as the "Silver Age of Animation"). Paulsen appeared as Rev Runner of the new show Loonatics Unleashed and starred in Coconut Fred's Fruit Salad Island. He was also the voice of the character Squeeky on the TV show Danger Rangers. He voiced "Ichabeezer", Bacon Bill, Motato, Beau Rockley, Captain Mike, Tom Celeriac (a play on Tom Selleck), and other countless voices in VeggieTales in the House for Netflix. Paulsen also provides the voice for the Honda character Mr. Opportunity. In the Rob Zombie animated film, The Haunted World of El Superbeasto, Paulsen voiced the characters "El Gato" and "Commandant Hess", among some others. He also voiced Ditto, Rhomboid Vreedle, Baz-El, and Magister Patelliday in the Ben 10 franchise.

Beginning in 2001, Paulsen was the voice of Disney character José Carioca until he stepped down from the role in June 2020, announcing that he would no longer play characters of color. He became the new voice of Prince Eric of Disney's The Little Mermaid franchise beginning with the film The Little Mermaid II: Return to the Sea since Christopher Daniel Barnes failed to reprise the role in 2000, though Barnes did return to voice the character in the Kingdom Hearts series when Paulsen was unavailable. Additionally, he voiced Toodles in Mickey Mouse Clubhouse, Peck in Back at the Barnyard, various characters in The Replacements, and Bobble in the Tinker Bell films. Paulsen also played the titular character for an animated web series based on the video game Bravoman for Namco Bandai's ShiftyLook division.

Awards and nominations
Paulsen has been nominated for an Annie Award for his role of Pinky for 4 consecutive years, which he won in 1996, 1997, and 1999. In 1999, he also won the Daytime Emmy Award for voicing Pinky. In 2004, he was nominated for his role of the Troubadour in Mickey, Donald, Goofy: The Three Musketeers, and in 2005, he was nominated for his role in The Happy Elf.

At the 2nd Children's and Family Emmy Awards in 2023, he was nominated for the Children's and Family Emmy Award for Outstanding Voice Performance in an Animated Program for his role in Animaniacs.

Public appearances
Paulsen has been a regular industry guest and featured panelist at San Diego Comic-Con International. He has also appeared at animation industry-related events, such as the World Animation Celebration Online in 1998, among many others. He has also been a guest at several anime conventions, including JACON, Mikomicon, and Anime Overdose. Paulsen was a guest of honor at Anthrocon in 2007. He has recently started doing "Rob Paulsen Live" seminars across the U.S. to talk of his career, sign autographs, and talk with fans. Sometimes, people in attendance would request him to sing the famous Yakko's World number, where he sings all the nations of the world with his Yakko voice in a fast-paced delivery without rehearsing.

In May 2011, working with social media and web producer Chris Pope, Paulsen rolled out a new website RobPaulsenLive.com, as well as a weekly audio podcast called Talkin' Toons with Rob Paulsen, which started out being managed and deployed by The Tech Jives Network, before moving to be part of Nerdist Industries' Nerdist Podcast Network. Some episodes were recorded before a live audience at The Improv in Hollywood, California, while later ones were recorded at the Nerdist Showroom. The show is on indefinite hiatus following the March 23, 2019 episode with Dante Basco.

In June 2011, Paulsen made announcements that he was taking his show on the road with his "Lots of laughs and autographs" tour. Working closely with a team that included Chris Pope, his publicist, and others he made his first successful tour in Atlanta, Georgia, which happened on July 30, 2011, and another in Dallas, Texas on September 17, 2011, that required two seminars, one in the afternoon and one in the evening, as they were so popular.

Personal life
He married his first wife, Carol Anne Schnarr on June 23, 1979. They divorced in 1982. He married his second wife, photographer Parrish Todd, in 1983. Together, they have a son. He lives in Agoura Hills, California with his family.

Paulsen has long supported various charities and raised donations for cancer research. He has worked a lot for GOALmodels, a program for adolescents, and is a sponsor of Camp Will-A-Way, a camp for children with developmental disabilities. He also donates funds from autographs to the Wounded Warrior Project and Operation Smile. In February 2016, he was diagnosed with stage III throat cancer. He has since undergone treatment and his cancer went in remission. Following his battle with cancer, he wrote a memoir called Voice Lessons: How a Couple of Ninja Turtles, Pinky, and an Animaniac Saved My Life.

Film

 * 101 Dalmatians II: Patch's London Adventure – Danny
 * A Gnome Named Gnorm – Gnorm
 * A Goofy Movie – P.J. Pete
 * An Extremely Goofy Movie – P.J. Pete
 * Aladdin and the King of Thieves – Additional voices
 * Alvin and the Chipmunks Meet the Wolfman – Mr. Rochelle
 * The Ant Bully – Beetle
 * Balto II: Wolf Quest – Muru (singing voice), Terrier, Sumac, Wolverine #2
 * Barnyard – Peck, Gopher, Pizza Twin #1
 * Batman: Gotham Knight – Sal Maroni
 * Batman and Harley Quinn – Harold Goldblum, Min & Max
 * Batman: The Dark Knight Returns Part 2 – Rob
 * Bat Thumb – No Face, Commissioner
 * Beauty and the Beast: Belle's Magical World – LePlume, Right Oven Mitt
 * Cathy – Irving Hillman
 * Cathy's Last Resort – Irving Hillman
 * Cathy's Valentine – Irving Hillman
 * Cinderella II: Dreams Come True – Jaq, Grand Duke, The Baker, Sir Hugh, Bert, Flower Vendor
 * Cinderella III: A Twist in Time – The Grand Duke, Jaq
 * Charlotte's Web 2: Wilbur's Great Adventure – Farley, Mr. Arable
 * Cranberry Christmas – Mr. Whiskers
 * Curious George: A Very Money Christmas – Charkie, Mr. Reloj, Mr. Dulsen
 * Curious George Swings Into Spring – Charkie
 * Dragon Hunters – Gwizdo, Lensflair, Bat 1, Bat 2
 * Elvira's Haunted Hills – Adrian
 * The Fox and the Hound 2 – Chief
 * The GodThumb – Mickey, Toll Booth Guard
 * G.I. Joe: The Movie – Snow Job
 * Hamburger: The Motion Picture – Security Guard
 * Happily N'Ever After – Amigo 2 (credited as Robert F. Paulsen III)
 * The Happy Elf – Eubie
 * The Haunted World of El Superbeasto – El Gato/Commandant Hess/Michael/Bobby Hyde/Grossburger/Creature Preacher
 * Hoodwinked Too! Hood vs. Evil – Johann, Bad Shatner, Bad Kelley
 * Holly Hobbie and Friends: Surprise Party – Gary Hobbie, Tad, Mr. Valcucci
 * The Hunchback of Notre Dame – Frollo's Soldiers
 * I'm Mad – Yakko Warner, Dr. Scratchansniff
 * Jetsons: The Movie – Additional voices
 * Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius – Carl Wheezer, Ebenezer Wheezer, Martha Wheezer, Kid in Classroom
 * Jonny's Golden Quest – Hadji
 * Jonny Quest vs. The Cyber Insects – Hadji Singh / 425
 * Lady and the Tramp II: Scamp's Adventure – Otis
 * The Fairly OddParents: Fairy Idol – Bucky McBabbat, Government Agent 2, William Hung
 * The Fairly OddParents: School's Out The Musical – Happy Peppy Gary
 * The Happy Elf – Eubie, Turbo, Kid
 * The Land Before Time II: The Great Valley Adventure – Spike / Strut, Chomper
 * The Land Before Time III: The Time of the Great Giving – Spike / Kosh
 * The Land Before Time IV: Journey Through the Mists – Spike
 * The Land Before Time V: The Mysterious Island – Spike
 * The Land Before Time VII: The Stone of Cold Fire – Rinkus, Spike
 * The Land Before Time VIII: The Big Freeze – Spike, Stegosaurus Leader
 * The Land Before Time IX: Journey to Big Water – Spike, Mo,
 * The Land Before Time X: The Great Longneck Migration – Spike
 * The Land Before Time XI: Invasion of the Tinysauruses – Spike, Kosh
 * The Land Before Time XII: The Great Day of the Flyers – Spike, Mo, Guido, Kosh
 * The Land Before Time XIII: The Wisdom of Friends – Spike, Beipiaosaurus #4
 * The Land Before Time XIV: Journey of the Brave – Spike
 * Lego Batman: The Movie – DC Super Heroes Unite – Riddler
 * Leroy & Stitch – Reuben, Squeak, Additional voices
 * The Little Mermaid II: Return to the Sea – Prince Eric
 * The Little Mermaid: Ariel's Beginning – Ink Spot, Swifty
 * ''Looney Tunes: Rabbits Run' – Mac
 * Lone Wolf McQuade – Man at festival
 * Manou the Swift – Sandpipers
 * Mannequin – Cop #4
 * Mickey's Magical Christmas: Snowed in at the House of Mouse – Jaq
 * Mickey, Donald, Goofy: The Three Musketeers – Troubadour
 * Mickey's House of Villains – Hades (singing only)
 * Mickey's Twice Upon a Christmas – Additional voices
 * Mulan II – Prince Jeeki
 * Otra Película de Huevos y un Pollo – Confi
 * The Perfect Match – John Wainwright
 * The Pirate Fairy – Bobble
 * Pixie Hollow Games – Bobble, Buck
 * Pocahontas II: Journey to a New World – Additional voices
 * Porco Rosso – Additional voices
 * The Powerpuff Girls Movie – Hota Wata, Killa Drilla, The Doot Da Doot Da Doo Doos (uncredited), Blah-Blah Blah-Blah (uncredited), Wacko Smacko (uncredited)
 * Return to Never Land – Pirates Rusty
 * Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: The Movie – Foot Lieutenant
 * Rockin' with Judy Jetson – Sky Rocker
 * Scooby-Doo! and the Reluctant Werewolf – Brunch
 * Scooby-Doo! in Arabian Nights – Prince
 * Scooby-Doo Meets the Boo Brothers – Shreako and Dispatcher
 * Scooby-Doo! Music of the Vampire – Vampire Actor #2, the Sheriff, Teen Vampire
 * Spaceballs – Soldier voices
 * The SpongeBob Movie: Sponge Out of Water – Seagull
 * Stitch! The Movie – Reuben
 * Steel Magnolias – Delivery Guy
 * Teacher's Pet – Ian Wazselewski
 * The Powerpuff Girls Movie – Hota Wata, Blah-Blah Blah-Blah, Doot Da Doot Da Doo Doos, Wacko Smacko, Killa Drilla
 * Tinker Bell – Bobble
 * Tinker Bell and the Lost Treasure – Bobble, Grimsley, Mr. Owl
 * Tinker Bell and the Great Fairy Rescue – Bobble
 * Tiny Toon Adventures: How I Spent My Vacation – Fowlmouth, Mr. Hitcher, Banjo the Woodpile Possum, Johnny Pew
 * Secret of the Wings – Bobble
 * Tiny Toon Adventures: How I Spent My Vacation – Fowlmouth, Johnny Pew, Mr. Hitcher, Banjo Possum, Hotel Manager and the Bike Carrier
 * Tom and Jerry: Blast Off to Mars – Computer Voice, Worker #1, Worker #2
 * Tom and Jerry: The Fast and the Furry – Irving, Dave
 * Tom and Jerry and the Wizard of Oz – Hickory/Tin Man
 * Tom and Jerry: Back to Oz – Hickory/Tin Man
 * Top Cat and the Beverly Hills Cats – James, Lester Pester, Tour Bus Driver
 * Tweety's High-Flying Adventure – Sphinx, Ship Crewman, Casino Cat, Additional Voices
 * Wakko's Wish – Yakko Warner, Pinky, Dr. Otto Scratchansniff
 * Yogi and the Invasion of the Space Bears – Zor Two
 * Yogi the Easter Bear – Easter Bunny, Male Ranger

Television

 * ABC Weekend Special – Spike Funnybunny, Moe Weasel, Policeman
 * The Addams Family – Mr. Normanmeyer, Van Swash, Additional voices
 * Adventures from the Book of Virtues – Peter, Classmate
 * The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius – Carl Wheezer, Butch, Ebenezer and Martha Wheezer, Eustace Strych, Additional voices
 * Aladdin – Omar, Additional voices
 * All Hail King Julien – Brodney, Captain Ethan, Lil Arms Magee, One Eyed Simon, Brendan the Butterfly, DJ, Narrator, Snake, Recorded Voice, Additional voices
 * Alfred J. Kwak – Alfred Jodocus Kwak
 * American Dragon: Jake Long – Groom, Additional voices
 * The Angry Beavers – Terrence
 * Animaniacs – Yakko Warner, Pinky, Dr. Otto von Scratchansniff, Additional voices
 * Animaniacs (2020 TV series) – Yakko Warner, Pinky, Dr. Otto von Scratchansniff
 * Angelica and Susie's Pre-School Daze – Plumber, Fireman, Clown
 * Attack of the Killer Tomatoes – Mummato, Tomato Worm
 * The Batman – Kid
 * Batman: The Animated Series – Jay
 * Back at the Barnyard – Peck, Bernard, Honest Earl, Skunky, Joey, Badger, Pizza Twin #1
 * Ben 10 – Ditto, Monitor 2
 * Ben 10: Alien Force – Baz-El, Rhomboid Vreedle, Alien Pilot, Patrolman, Cotton Candy Vendor
 * Ben 10: Ultimate Alien – Baz-El, Rhomboid Vreedle, Magister Patelliday
 * Ben 10: Omniverse – Magister Patelliday, Rhomboid Vreedle, Ditto, Captain Kork, Chadzmuth, Tummy Head, Gorvan, Phil, Gutrot
 * Ben 10 (2016 TV series) – Clown 5, Bruce, Coach Keene
 * Biker Mice from Mars – Throttle, Fred the Mutant, Additional voices
 * Biker Mice from Mars (2006 TV series) – Throttle, Hairball, Additional voices
 * The Blues Brothers Animated Series – Benny Fingers, Doctor
 * Be Cool, Scooby-Doo! – Dave Mann, Donald, Father, Archibald
 * Bonkers – Various
 * The Boondocks (TV series) – The Art Teacher, Additional voices
 * Brandy & Mr. Whiskers – Additional voices
 * Bravoman – Bravoman, Alpha Man, Alphette, Additional voices
 * Bubsy: What Could Possibly Go Wrong? – Bubsy Bobcat
 * Bump in the Night – Squishington
 * Butt-Ugly Martians – 2-T Fru-T, Mike
 * Buzz Lightyear of Star Command – AP-06, Additional voices
 * Can You Teach My Alligator Manners? – Al
 * Capitol Critters – Additional voices
 * The Spooktacular New Adventures of Casper – Spooky the Tuff Little Ghost
 * CatDog – Hotdog, Hamburger (Meat, Dog's Friends), Additional voices
 * Cathy – Irving
 * Catscratch – Gordon, Additional voices
 * Centerville – Mitch & Brad
 * Challenge of the GoBots – Additional voices
 * Channel Umptee-3 – Ogden Ostrich
 * ChalkZone – Vinnie Raton, Walrus, Craniac
 * Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers – Captain Finn, Flash The Wonder Dog, Chief Marley, Shakabaka, Darby Spree
 * Chowder – VG, Dom, Additional voices
 * Coconut Fred's Fruit Salad Island – Coconut Fred
 * Codename: Kids Next Door – Rupert Puttkin/The Great Puttinsky, Shaunie Fulbright, Robin Food, Mr. Mogle, Additional voices
 * The Crow: Stairway to Heaven – James
 * Curious George – Compass, Charkie, Mr. Glass, Mr. Reloj, Additional voices
 * Dan Dare: Pilot of The Future – The Mekon
 * Danger Rangers – Squeaky, Snarf, Additional Voices
 * Danny Phantom – Jack Fenton, Nicolai Technus, The Box Ghost
 * Darkwing Duck – Steelbeak
 * Dave the Barbarian – Malsquando, Additional voices
 * Denver, the Last Dinosaur – Nick, Chet, Scott, Morton's Henchmen
 * Detention – Uncle Kelly
 * Dexter's Laboratory – Major Glory, Puppet Pal Mitch, Additional voices
 * Dino-Riders – Faze, Kameelian
 * Disney's Adventures of the Gummi Bears – Gusto Gummi
 * House of Mouse – José Carioca
 * Disney's Sheriff Callie's Wild West – Tricky Travis
 * Doc McStuffins – Sir Kirby, Townspeople
 * Duck Dodgers – Mac Gopher, Porko, Captain Peters, Axl Gator
 * DuckTales – Gladstone Gander
 * DuckTales (2017 TV series) – Gibbous, Restaurant Host
 * El Tigre: The Adventures of Manny Rivera – Additional voices
 * Elena of Avalor – Macoco
 * Eloise: The Animated Series – Bill
 * The Fairly OddParents – Mark Chang, Happy Peppy Gary, King Gripullon, Bucky McBadbat, Mr. Ed Ledly, Additional voices
 * Fish Hooks – Magic Hamster Mirror, Additional Voices
 * Fish Police – Richie
 * The Flintstone Kids – Additional voices
 * Foofur – Additional Voices
 * Fraggle Rock: The Animated Series – Boober Fraggle, Additional voices
 * Freakazoid! – Yakko Warner, George Takei, Officer Mohammed Abdul, Pinky, Francois, Lord Bravery Singers
 * Fresh Beat Band of Spies – Nutty Nuts, Walnut
 * Gargoyles – Helios
 * Gary the Rat – Additional voices
 * Generator Rex – Providence Agent Jackson, Providence Tech, Additional voices
 * "The George Lucas Talk Show" – Self, episode: Streamers of the Lost Art (of Conversation)
 * G.I. Joe: A Real American Hero (1985 TV series) – Snow Job, Tripwire, Flash (ARAH), World War I American Warrior, Cobra slavemaster
 * Goof Troop – P.J. Pete, Additional voices
 * Gravity Falls – Additional Voices
 * The Greatest Adventure: Stories from the Bible – Moki
 * Green Eggs and Ham – Little Snerz, Pool Shark
 * Green Lantern: The Animated Series – Goggan, Bumpy
 * The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy – Tooth Fairy, Additional voices
 * Half-Shell Heroes: Blast to the Past – Donatello, Additional Voices
 * Half-Shell Heroes: Blast to the Past – Donatello, Triceraton Lieutenant
 * Handy Manny – Eddie
 * Harvey Birdman, Attorney at Law – Baba Looey, Kids, Announcer
 * Henry Hugglemonster – Denzel Dugglemonster
 * Higglytown Heroes – Barber Hero
 * Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi – Freddy, Atchan, Additional voices
 * The High Fructose Adventures of Annoying Orange – Broccoli Alien Overlord, Marshmallow Warriors, Dr. Sigmund Fruit, Dr. Fruitenstein, Thomas Jefferson, Rock, Apricot, President Dane, Junior, Sour Grapes, Green Apple
 * Histeria! – Mr. Smartypants, Sammy Melman, Additional voices
 * House of Mouse – José Carioca, Panchito Pistoles (singing voice in the episode, "Not So Goofy!")
 * I Am Weasel – Stevie, Admiral Algebra Doll
 * It's Pony – Noodleneck Ned
 * Jackie Chan Adventures – Magister #2, Punk Magister
 * Jake and the Never Land Pirates – Grandpa Bones
 * Jem – Prescott A. Wentworth III
 * The Jetsons – Gus Guesser, Blinky "Boy Boy Nova" Sunspot, Hall Monitor
 * Johnny Bravo – Green Swoosh, Additional Voices
 * Jungle Cubs – Hathi, Akela, Additional voices
 * Justice League – Lightray
 * K10C: Kids' Ten Commandments – Zeek, Josephat, Joshua
 * Kim Possible – François, Prince Wally, Dallas, Hank Perkins, Additional voices
 * Kung Fu Panda: Legends of Awesomeness – Han Sr.
 * The Land Before Time – Spike/Ruby's Father/Angry Apatosaurus #1/Hidden Runner/Mo/Milo/Stegosaurus Leader/Guido/Lambeosaurus
 * The Legend of Prince Valiant – Robert Draconarius, Prince Edwin, Soldier
 * The Legend of Tarzan – Radio Voice
 * Lego Star Wars: The Padawan Menace – Commander Cody, Bobby, George Lucas
 * The Life and Times of Juniper Lee – 10th Level Warlock, Leonard the Goblin, Additional voices
 * Lilo & Stitch: The Series – Reuben, Squeak, Houdini, Frenchfry, Forehead, Lax, Manny, Wishy-Washy, Additional voices
 * Lilly the Witch – Hektor (Season 3)
 * Loonatics Unleashed – Rev Runner, Gorlop, Mr. Leghorn (2nd Time), Additional voices
 * The Looney Tunes Show – Mac Gopher, Chuck Berost, Cashier
 * The Loud House – Lane Loud, Mrs. Coconuts, Seymour, Additional voices
 * Mad – Lex Luthor, Various
 * The Magician – Cosmos, Sonny Boy
 * The Mask: Animated Series – Stanley Ipkiss/The Mask
 * Megas XLR – V'arsin
 * Mickey and the Roadster Racers – José Carioca (2017–2018)
 * Mickey Mouse – Referee
 * Mickey Mouse Clubhouse – Toodles
 * Mickey Mouse Works – José Carioca
 * Midnight Patrol: Adventures in the Dream Zone – Nightmare Prince
 * The Mighty B! – Additional voices
 * Mighty Ducks – Shecky 'The Comedian' Carter, Dr. Swindle
 * Mighty Max – Mighty Max
 * Mighty Magiswords – Professor Cyrus, Botticelli the Tortoise, Weather Gnome, Mr. Tundrala
 * Mrs. Munger's Class – Rock and Lance
 * My Friends Tigger & Pooh – Raccoon
 * My Life as a Teenage Robot – Additional voices
 * The New Adventures of Jonny Quest – Hadji
 * New Kids on the Block – Wildcat
 * The New Woody Woodpecker Show – Corky, Louie, Woody Clone, Willy Walrus
 * The New Yogi Bear Show – La Bamba Bear
 * Oh Yeah! Cartoons – Mother Goose, Home Owner
 * Ozzy & Drix – Travis Lum, Backseat, Chief Maximus, Additional voices
 * The Penguins of Madagascar – Ad Executive #1, Technician, Archie the Raccoon, Stockbroker, Guy #1, Stockbroker #1, Scout #1, Lobster #1, Kid Kazoo
 * Pepper Ann – Larry, Danny
 * Phantom 2040 – Sean One, Heisenberg, Additional voices
 * Phineas and Ferb – TV Scientist, Additional voices
 * Pinky and the Brain – Pinky, Yakko Warner, Romy, Dr. Otto von Scratchansniff
 * Pinky, Elmyra & the Brain – Pinky
 * Pig Goat Banana Cricket – Early Bird, Cousion Eel, Hands, Additional voices
 * Planet Sheen – Doppy Dopweiler, Globar, Hajingy, Chock Chock, Additional voices
 * The Plucky Duck Show – Mr. Bughari, Furrball, Additional voices
 * Poochini's Yard – Additional Voices
 * Pound Puppies – King (AKA No-Name) (uncredited)
 * Pound Puppies (2010 TV series) – Pet Delivery Guy, Suds, Yakov
 * The Powerpuff Girls – Brick, Boomer, Additional voices
 * Power Eons: Super Legends – Demeon (Ninja Storm)
 * ProStars – Additional voices
 * Puss in Boots – Basil
 * A Pup Named Scooby-Doo – Professor Digby/Were-Doo
 * Quack Pack – Nigel Nightshade
 * Random! Cartoons – Solomon Fix, Danny, Tickle Monster, Handycat, Drillbit, Flavio
 * Randy Cunningham: 9th Grade Ninja – Jacques
 * The Real Adventures of Jonny Quest – Hadji, Additional voices
 * The Replacements – Phil Mygrave, Fabian Le'Tool, Mr. Vanderbosh, Dr. Scorpius, Additional voices
 * Regular Show – Additional voices
 * Rick and Morty – Snuffles/Snowball
 * Rick + Morty in the Eternal Nightmare Machine – Snuffles/Snowball
 * Road Rovers – Wolf King, Katzenstoki Ambassador, Gas Station Attendant
 * Roary the Racing Car – Additional Voices (US)
 * Robot Chicken – Jesus, Dinosaur Train Singer, The Little Match Girl's Father (Episode: "Garbage Sushi")
 * Robot and Monster – Bob, Scale
 * Rocko's Modern Life – Additional voices
 * Rude Dog and the Dweebs – Rude Dog, Additional voices
 * Saber Rider and the Star Sheriffs – Saber Rider, Jesse Blue
 * Sabrina: The Animated Series – Uncle Zamboni
 * Samurai Jack – Rothchild, Additional voices
 * Savage Dragon – Octopus
 * Scooby-Doo! Ghastly Goals – Julio
 * Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated – Winslow Fleach, Radio Newsman
 * Scruff – the Rats
 * The Secret Saturdays – Baron Finster, Car Driver, Yachstman
 * Slimer and the Real Ghostbusters – Robby, Additional Voices
 * The Smurfs – Marco Smurf, Additional voices
 * Snorks – Corky
 * Sonic the Hedgehog – Antoine Depardieu
 * South Park – Additional voices
 * Space Cats – Thomas 'Tom' Spacecat, Chelsie Pipshire
 * Spider-Man – Morris Bench / Hydro-Man
 * Squirrel Boy – Rodney J. Squirrel (pilot)
 * Star vs. the Forces of Evil – Gustav / Charlie Booth
 * Stripperella – Carl, Milton Gibbs
 * SpongeBob SquarePants – Glove World officer (Episode: "Escape from Beneath Glove World"; uncredited)
 * Disney's The Emperor's New School – Overachiever's Club Member
 * The Super Hero Squad Show – Werewolf by Night, Baron Strucker
 * The Little Troll Prince: A Christmas Parable – Prince Borch
 * Super Secret Secret Squirrel – Anteater, Snooper and Blabber
 * SWAT Kats: The Radical Squadron – Hard Drive, Al
 * The Sylvester & Tweety Mysteries – Mechanic, Dussel, Hephaestus, Stanley Coop, Farmer Boyer
 * Tak and the Power of Juju – Party Juju, Judge Juju, Gillbert
 * TaleSpin (Plunder & Lightning) – Ratchet, Dr. Debolt
 * Tasty Time with ZeFronk – Frankie "ZeFronk"
 * Taz-Mania – Digeri Dingo, Francis X. Bushlad, Axl Gator, Timothy Platypus, Marvin the Martian
 * Teacher's Pet – Ian Wazselewski
 * Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles – Raphael, Donatello
 * 1987 – Raphael, Zach the Fifth Turtle, Wingnut, HiTech, The Grybyx, Mister Ogg, Professor Sopho, Tokka, Additional voices
 * 2012 – Donatello, Speed Demon Donnie, Metalhead, 80's Raphael, Shopkeeper, Cat Owner, Other Guy, Sir Paul, Triceraton Pilot, Sumo Glen, Triceraton Commander, Additional voices
 * Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles – Foot Lieutenant, Teem Customer and Voice Director
 * Teen Titans – The Source, Quiz Monkey Host, Stunt Show Host
 * The Upside Down Show – Cactus
 * ThunderCats – Shen, Rezard
 * The Tick (1994 TV series) – Arthur (Season 2 and Season 3), Brainchild (1st Time), Crusading Chameleon, Captain Mucilage, The Forehead, The Terror
 * Tigger & Pooh and a Musical, Too – Raccoon
 * The Jimmy Timmy Power Hour series – Carl Wheezer, Additional voices
 * The Transformers – Air Raid, Chase, Fastlane, Slingshot
 * This Just In! – Jimmy Fallon
 * Time Squad – Buck Tuddrussel
 * Timon & Pumbaa – Banzai, Cheetata
 * Timeless Tales from Hallmark – Runabout, Duckling 3, Crocodile 2
 * Tiny Toon Adventures – Arnold the Pitbull, Banjo the Woodpile Possum, Blink Winkleman, Concord Condor, Cooper DeVille, Fowlmouth, Foxy, Sneezer's Dad, Peter Hastings, Vanilla Lice, Beaky Buzzard, Furrball
 * Tiny Toons: Spring Break – Beaver
 * Tom & Jerry Kids – Additional voices
 * Totally Spies! – Diminutive Smalls (Season 1), Asian guard
 * TripTank – John, Groom, Dad
 * T.U.F.F. Puppy – Bird Brain, Additional voices
 * TUGS — Ten Cents, Zorran, Zak (Only in test US dub)
 * Ultimate Spider-Man – Batroc the Leaper, Boomerang, Additional voices
 * Wake, Rattle, and Roll – D.E.C.K.S
 * The Weekenders – Cousin Phillip, Carl, Sid, Murph, Nonno
 * What a Cartoon! – Cop, Pigeon, Yoink, Additional voices
 * What's New, Scooby-Doo? – Avery Orenthal, Government Agent, Jamison Steven Ripley, Travis Knox
 * Where's Wally?: The Animated Series – Additional voices
 * Wild West C.O.W.-Boys of Moo Mesa – Cacklin' Kid
 * Wildfire – Additional voices
 * The Wizard of Oz – Additional voices
 * Yo Yogi! – Dick 'Dickie' Dastardly, Chuck Toupee, Super Snooper, Robin Hood, Waiter, Wee Willie the Gorilla, Additional voices
 * VeggieTales – Mr. Finnegan J. Beet
 * VeggieTales in the House – Ichabeezer, Bacon Bill, Motato, Junior's Dad, Tom Celeriac, Additional voices
 * Tree Fu Tom – Twigs

Video games

 * Animaniacs Game Pack – Yakko Warner, Pinky, Dr. Otto Scratchansniff
 * Animaniacs: The Great Edgar Hunt – Yakko Warner, Pinky, Dr. Otto Scratchansniff
 * Animaniacs: Ten Pin Alley – Yakko Warner, Pinky, Dr. Otto Scratchansniff
 * 102 Dalmatians: Puppies to the Rescue – Fluffy
 * Armed and Dangerous – Captain 2, Grunt, Kato
 * Armikrog – Beak-Beak, PresidANTs
 * Baldur's Gate – Kivan, Volo, Prism, Telmen
 * Baldur's Gate II – Shadows of Amn – Anomen Delryn, Saerk Farrahd,  Biff the Understudy, Qadeel
 * Barnyard – Peck
 *  Ben 10 Alien Force: Vilgax Attacks – Rhomboid Vreedle
 *  Ben 10: Omniverse – Rhomboid Vreedle
 *  Ben 10: Galactic Racing – Rhomboid Vreedle
 *  Ben 10 Ultimate Alien: Cosmic Destruction – Rhomboid Vreedle
 * Biker Mice from Mars – Throttle, Hairball, Claw Tooper
 * Blazing Dragons – Mervin the Magician, Inventor of Baseball
 * Bubsy 2 – Bubsy Bobcat
 * Bubsy in Fractured Furry Tales – Bubsy
 * Butt-Ugly Martians: Martian Boot Camp – 2T Fru-T
 * Butt-Ugly Martians: Zoom or Doom! – 2T Fru-T, Chitzok
 * Catscratch – Gordon Quid
 * Cedric's Basics In Education & Learning – Cedric Cat
 * ClayFighter 63⅓ – Bonker
 * Doom 3 – Research Director Larry Bullman
 * The Fairly OddParents: Breakin' da Rules – King Gripullon, Dog Catcher, Fairy Judge, Guard, Anti-Fairies, Squirrelly Scouts, Arthur, Gilded Arches
 * The Fairly OddParents: Shadow Showdown – Mark Chang, Oberon, Quince, Ape King, Chamberlain, The Shadow
 * Final Fantasy X-2 – Tobli, Lian
 * FusionFall – Major Glory
 * Ghosthunter – Officer Lazarus Jones
 * Giants: Citizen Kabuto – Timmy the Smartie
 * God of War – Greek Soldier
 * The Incredibles: Rise of the Underminer – The Crustodian
 * Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius – Carl Wheezer, Yokian Fleet Commander, Yokian 1, Yokian 2, Yokian 3, Retroland Worker, Ultra-Lord (PC Version only)
 * Jimmy Neutron vs. Jimmy Negatron – Carl Wheezer, The Herminator, Sporko's Employee, Sparko's Owner
 * Kingdom Hearts Birth by Sleep – Jaq, Grand Duke
 * Lego Batman 2: DC Super Heroes – Riddler
 * Lost Odyssey – Technician Amures
 * Metal Gear Solid: The Twin Snakes – Gray Fox (English dub)
 * Metal Gear Solid: Portable Ops  – NULL (English dub)
 * Nickelodeon Toon Twister 3D – Carl Wheezer
 * Nickelodeon All-Star Brawl 2 - Raphael
 * Nickelodeon Kart Racers 3: Slime Speedway – Raphael
 * Orion Burger – Wilbur Wafflemeier
 * PK: Out of the Shadows – PK
 * Planescape: Torment – Mortimer 'Morte' Rictusgrin
 * Return to Monkey Island – Bob, The Lookout
 * Sacrifice – Zyzyx
 * Samurai Jack: Battle Through Time – Rothchild
 * Scooby-Doo 2 Monsters Unleashed: The Video Game – Black Knight, Cotten Candy Glob, Miner 49er, Doorbell
 * Sea of Thieves – Bob, The Lookout, Alfredo Fettucini
 * The Secret of Monkey Island: Special Edition – Bob, The Lookout, Alfredo Fettucini
 * Skylanders: SuperChargers – Smash Hit
 * Skylanders: Imaginators – Smash Hit
 * Teacher's Pet – Ian Wazselewski
 * The Sopranos: Road to Respect – Gil
 * SpongeBob SquarePants featuring Nicktoons: Globs of Doom – Technus, Carl Wheezer, Traloc
 * Star Wars Rogue Squadron II: Rogue Leader – Rebel Wingman 7, Slave
 * Star Wars: Galactic Battlegrounds – Captain Tarpals, Gungan Villager 1
 * Stonekeep – Chuckle, Snort
 * Stupid Invaders – Male Robot
 * Super Smash Bros. Brawl – Gray Fox
 * Super Smash Bros. Ultimate – Gray Fox
 * Tak: The Great Juju Challenge – Dead Juju, Head 2, Tlaloc
 * Tak and the Power of Juju – Tlaloc, Head 2, Dead Juju
 * Tak 2: The Staff of Dreams – Tlaloc, Dead Juju, Giant Misunderstanding Juju
 * The Fairly OddParents: Breakin' da Rules – King Grippulon, Gilded Arches, Guard, Fairy Judge, Anit-Fairys, Arthur, Squirrly Scouts, Dog Catcher
 * The Fairly OddParents: Shadow Showdown – Mark Chang, Oberon, Quince, Ape King, Chamberlain, The Shadow
 * The Lion King: Simba's Mighty Adventure – Banzai
 * Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles video games – Raphael, Donatello
 * Nickelodeon's Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles – Donatello
 * Portal Power – Donatello, 80's Raphael
 * Turtles in Time – Raphael
 * Danger of the Ooze – Donatello
 * Shredder's Revenge – Raphael
 * The Secret Saturdays: Beasts of the 5th Sun – Baron Finster
 * Toonstruck – Lugnut, Mee, Barman

Live-action

 * Big Time Rush – C.A.L. (uncredited), Parrot, Sam Selmart
 * Body Double – Cameraman
 * Changeland – Dad
 * Comic Book: The Movie – Himself
 * Eyes of Fire – Jewell Buchanan
 * Funniest Pets & People – Announcer (voice)
 * I Know That Voice – Himself
 * Hamburger: The Motion Picture – Security Guard
 * MacGyver – Rogers
 * Rosie – Texry "Hee Haw" Rose (13 episodes)
 * Stewardess School – Larry Falkwell
 * St. Elsewhere – Ryan S. Hope
 * The Perfect Match – John Wainwright
 * Warlock – Gas Station Attendant

Internet

 * Bravoman – Bravoman, Alpha Man, Himself, Additional Voices
 * Sock Puppet Theatre – Various Voices
 * Nostalgia Critic – Himself, Pinky
 * Nickelodeon Animation Podcast – Himself (Episode 13, 35, 41)
 *  Demo Reel  – Himself
 * Speech Bubble – Himself
 * Loosey Goosey & Fried Chicken - Loosey Goosey

Theme parks

 * Jimmy Neutron's Nicktoon Blast (2003) – Carl Wheezer
 * Gran Fiesta Tour Starring The Three Caballeros (2007) – José Carioca

Commercials

 * Aliens – Hicks
 * American Honda Motor Company – Mr. Opportunity (2004–2011)
 * Got Milk? – Radio Announcer
 * Haribo – Narrator (Gold Bear Land)
 * Jack in the Box – Employee Spokesperson
 * Taco Bell – Dog
 * Tamagotchi – Fish

title: Rob Paulsen


text:
Heavy menstrual bleeding

Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), previously known as menorrhagia or hematomunia, is a menstrual period with excessively heavy flow. It is a type of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB).

Abnormal uterine bleeding can be caused by structural abnormalities in the reproductive tract, anovulation, bleeding disorders, hormonal issues (such as hypothyroidism) or cancer of the reproductive tract. Initial evaluation aims at determining pregnancy status, menopausal status, and the source of bleeding. One definition is bleeding lasting more than 7 days or the loss of more than 80 mL of blood heavy flow.

Treatment depends on the cause, severity, and interference with quality of life. Initial treatment often involve birth control pills. Tranexamic acid, danazol, progesterone IUDs, and NSAIDs are also helpful. Surgery can be an effective for those whose symptoms are not well-controlled with other treatments. Approximately 53 in 1000 women are affected by AUB.

Signs and symptoms
A normal menstrual cycle is 21–35 days in duration, with bleeding lasting an average of 5 days and total blood flow between 25 and 80 mL. Heavy menstrual bleeding is defined as total menstrual flow >80ml per cycle, soaking a pad/tampon at least every 2 hours, changing a pad/tampon in the middle of the night, or bleeding lasting for >7 days. Deviations in terms of frequency of menses, duration of menses, or volume of menses qualifies as abnormal uterine bleeding. Bleeding in between menses, outside reproductive age, or after sex is also abnormal uterine bleeding and thus requires further evaluation.

Causes
Usually, no causative abnormality can be identified and treatment is directed at the symptom, rather than a specific mechanism. However, there are known causes of abnormal uterine bleeding that need to be ruled out. Most common causes based on the nature of bleeding is listed below followed by the rare causes of bleeding (i.e. disorders of coagulation).

 * Excessive menses but normal cycle:
 * Painless:
 * Fibroids (leiomyoma) — fibroids in the wall of the uterus cause increased menstrual loss if they protrude into the central cavity and thereby increase endometrial surface area.
 * Coagulation defects (rare) — with the shedding of an endometrial lining's blood vessels, normal coagulation process must occur to limit and eventually stop the blood flow. Blood disorders of platelets (such as ITP) or coagulation (such as von Willebrand disease) or use of anticoagulant medication (such as warfarin) are therefore possible causes, although a rare minority of cases. Platelet function studies can also be used to ascertain platelet function abnormalities
 * Endometrial cancer (cancer of the uterine lining) — bleeding can also be irregular, in between periods, or after the menopause (post-menopausal bleeding or PMB)
 * Endometrial polyp
 * Painful (i.e. associated with dysmenorrhea):
 * Pelvic inflammatory disease
 * Adenomyosis - extension of the endometrial tissue into the outer muscular wall of the uterus which can cause pain and abnormal bleeds when the endometrium sheds
 * Pregnancy related complication (i.e. miscarriage)
 * Short cycle (less than 21 days) but normal menses.
 * Short cycle and excessive menses due to ovarian dysfunction and may be secondary to blockage of blood vessels by tumours.
 * Polycystic ovary syndrome.
 * Systemic causes: thyroid disease, excessive emotional/physical stress.
 * Sexually transmitted infection.

Pathophysiology
HMB is associated with increased omega-6 AA in uterine tissues. The endometrium of women with HMB have higher levels of prostaglandin (E2, F2alpha and others) when compared with women with normal menses. It is thought that prostaglandins are a by product of omega 6 build up. Furthermore, prostaglandins have been found to trigger abnormal, painful uterine contractions, making it a source for targeted therapy.

Diagnosis
The NICE guidelines states that: "Many women presenting to primary care with symptoms of HMB can be offered treatment without the need for further examination or investigation. However, investigation via a diagnostic technique might be warranted for women for whom history or examination suggests a structural or endometrial pathology or for whom the initial treatment has failed."

Diagnosis is largely achieved by obtaining a complete medical history followed by physical exam and vaginal ultrasonography. If need be, laboratory tests or hysteroscopy may be used. The following are a list of diagnostic procedures that medical professionals may use to identify the cause of the abnormal uterine bleeding.
 * Pelvic and rectal examination to ensure that bleeding is not from lower reproductive tract (i.e. vagina, cervix) or rectum
 * Pap smear to rule out cervical neoplasia
 * Pelvic ultrasound scan is the first line diagnostic tool for identifying structural abnormalities.
 * Endometrial biopsy in women with high risk endometrial cancer or atypical hyperplasia or malignancy.
 * Sonohysterography to assess for abnormalities within the uterine lining
 * Hysteroscopy (anaesthesia should be offered)
 * Thyroid-stimulating hormone and thyrotropin-releasing hormone dosage to rule out hypothyroidism

Treatment
Treatment depends on identified underlying cause and varies between medication, radiation, and surgery. Heavy periods at menarche and menopause may settle spontaneously (the menarche being the start and menopause being the cessation of periods).

If the degree of bleeding is mild, all that may be sought by the woman is the reassurance that there is no sinister underlying cause. If anemia occurs due to bleeding then iron tablets may be used to help restore normal hemoglobin levels.

The first line treatment option for women with HMB and no identified pathology, fibroids less than 3 cm in diameter, and/or suspected or confirmed adenomyosis is the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS). Clinical trial evidence suggests that the LNG-IUS may be better than other medical therapy in terms of HMB and quality of life. Though, a 10-year study found that LNG-IUS was only as effective as oral medicines (tranexamic acid, mefenamic acid, combined oestrogen–progestogen or progesterone alone); the same proportion of women had not had surgery for heavy bleeding and had similar improvements in their quality of life.

Usually, oral combined contraceptive or progesterone only pills may be taken for a few months, but for longer-term treatment the alternatives of injected Depo Provera or the more recent progesterone releasing IntraUterine System (IUS) may be used. In particular, an oral contraceptive containing estradiol valerate and dienogest may be more effective than tranexamic acid, NSAIDs and IUDs. Fibroids may respond to hormonal treatment, and if they do not, then radiation or surgical removal may be required. Regarding hormonal treatment, the NICE guidelines states that: "No evidence was found on MRI-guided transcutaneous focused ultrasound for uterine fibroids nor for the progestogen-only pill, injectable progestogens, or progestogen implants." Progestogen pills, independently if taken in a short or long course, are not as effective at reducing menstrual blood loss as LNG-IUS or tranexamic acid.

NICE guidelines says that for individuals with HMB and no identified pathology or fibroids less than 3 cm in diameter who do not wish to have pharmacological treatment and who do not want to conserve their fertility, surgical options could be considered as a first-line treatment option. Options include a hysterectomy and second generation endometrial ablation, with hysterectomy being more effective than second generation endometrial ablation.

Tranexamic acid treatments, which reduce bleeding by inhibiting the clot-dissolving enzymes, appear to be more effective than anti-inflammatory treatment like NSAIDs, but are less effective than LNG-IUS. Tranexamic acid tablets may reduce loss by up to 50%. This may be combined with hormonal medication previously mentioned.

NSAIDs are also used to reduce heavy menstrual bleeding by an average of 20-46% through inhibiting the production of prostaglandins. For this purpose, NSAIDs are ingested for only 5 days of the menstrual cycle, limiting their most common adverse effect of dyspepsia.

A definitive treatment for heavy menstrual bleeding is to perform hysterectomy (removal of the uterus). The risks of the procedure have been reduced with measures to minimize the risk of deep vein thrombosis after surgery, and the switch from the front abdominal to vaginal approach greatly minimizing the discomfort and recuperation time for the patient; however extensive fibroids may make the womb too large for removal by the vaginal approach. Small fibroids may be dealt with by local removal (myomectomy). A further surgical technique is endometrial ablation (destruction) by the use of applied heat (thermoablation). The effectiveness of endometrial ablation is probably similar to that of LNG‐IUS but the evidence is uncertain if hysterectomy is better or worse than LNG-IUS for improving HMB.

Medications
These have been ranked by the UK's National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence:
 * First line
 * Intrauterine device with progesterone
 * Second Line
 * Tranexamic acid an antifibrinolytic agent
 * Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
 * Combined oral contraceptive pills to prevent proliferation of the endometrium
 * Third line
 * Oral progestogen (e.g. norethisterone), to prevent proliferation of the endometrium
 * Injected progestogen (e.g. Depo provera)
 * Other options
 * Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist

Surgery

 * Dilation and curettage (D&C) is not recommended for cases of simple heavy menstrual bleeding, having a reserved role if a spontaneous abortion is incomplete
 * Endometrial ablation is not recommended for women with active or recent genital or pelvic infection, known or suspected endometrial hyperplasia or malignancy.
 * Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is a common treatment with the etiology of a leiomyoma. The rate of serious complications is comparable to that of myomectomy or hysterectomy; however, UAE presents an increased risk of minor complications and requiring surgery within two to five years.
 * Hysteroscopic myomectomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure to remove leiomyomas (otherwise known as fibroids). Though a safe and effective mode of treating for menstrual disorders but it is unclear whether or not it is beneficial for treating infertility.
 * Hysterectomy is a surgical procedure consisting of the full removal of the uterus, and can include the removal of fallopian tubes (otherwise known as the uterine tubes), cervix and ovaries.

In the UK the use of hysterectomy for heavy menstrual bleeding has been almost halved between 1989 and 2003. This has a number of causes: better medical management, endometrial ablation and particularly the introduction of IUS which may be inserted in the community and avoid the need for specialist referral; in one study up to 64% of women cancelled surgery.

Complications
Previous studies have suggested a nontrivial reduction in the quality of life in individuals with HMB; however, there is no single metric that has been shown to be specific enough to measure health-related quality of life in individuals with HMB. Evidence suggests that HMB can take a significant toll on the physical, psychological, and social aspects of individuals' lives. For example, a large, cross-sectional study in the United States identified significant associations between HMB and lower employment rates, lost earnings, and a lower self-rating of overall health compared to the general population. Physical and social issues, including performance of house work, life causing embarrassment, and social life, have also been identified as significant reasons why individuals with HMB seek help. While the main impacts of HMB are primarily physical and social, previous studies have also identified an inverse relationship between HMB and psychological scores.

Aside from the social distress of dealing with a prolonged and heavy period, over time the blood loss may prove to be greater than the body iron reserves or the rate of blood replenishment, leading to anemia. Symptoms attributable to the anemia may include shortness of breath, tiredness, weakness, tingling and numbness in fingers and toes, headaches, depression, becoming cold more easily, and poor concentration.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Heavy menstrual bleeding


text:
Talk:Lip sync

Lip-Synch
How correctly does wiki want to spell its titles? I know the oligopoly of software companies thought it would be cute to write the word "sync" on all of our programs, but as far as I can tell, synch is short for synchronize like psych is short for psychology, that is, we don't split the chi sound in half. At least merriam-webster has the preferred spelling to be lip-synch, including both h and hypen. Hate to be a spelling nazi, but it's the title...and I've had this beef since I was 12 when n-sync came out. EDIT: OED has lip-sync. We're at least missing a hyphen. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.133.237.171 (talk) 07:40, 5 May 2013 (UTC)

I second the comment above. Despite the magisterial OED's assertion, "lip-sync" is doubtfully "the proper spelling" of this abbreviation. (Tom Wolfe, for one, uses "synch" to abbreviate "synchronize" throughout his well-known New Journalistic book on Ken Kesey and the 1960s counterculture, The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test.) It also leads to the present participial form "lip syncing," which looks as if it ought to be pronounced (I render this phonetically) "lip-sinsing." Mucketymuck (talk) 04:31, 19 April 2019 (UTC)

Miming Extended
As most live acts today employ some method (eg DAT) to prerecord their live concerts the section on miming should be expanded and eventually moved to its own article. Researchers aren't going to get much information from the music industry for obvious reasons. All the more incentive for Wikipedia to pursue this.

animation
Computer animation is far from the only type of animation to use lip-sync. The article has ben updated to reflect such. --b. Touch 20:42, 7 Jan 2005 (UTC)

 * Isn't there a special term for the synching that is done translations of animation? Maybe it's just an anime fan term--I'm not sure. gK ¿? 21:12, 7 Jan 2005 (UTC)

Audio video Lip Sync
Lip-sync error is a widespread problem and not limited to any specific equipment but occurs anytime the video is delayed more than the audio.

The best explanation I have seen on any of the forums was from the member above who indicated it might take 60 ms audio leading the video to cause a user to notice it. We call that the "threshold of recognition" and it varies from 15 ms for some users to over 90 ms for others. When video delays add up causing a cumulative total greater than your particular "threshold of recognition" it will bother you since in nature audio can never be ahead of the event which produced it and our brains can't process that impossibility. Lagging audio is a natural phenomenon as sound travels about 1 ms per foot so it is much less noticeable.

Unfortunately, however, once that threshold is passed and the lip-sync error is noticed most viewers can detect and are then bothered by much smaller errors in some cases down to a few ms if they are really focusing on it. Some newer Av Amps also offer a compensating lip-sync audio delay but all that I have seen put it in set-up where you can't see the video and hear the audio while adjusting it. Most only have a single delay setting which isn't adequate since things like progressive scan conversion add about 35 ms of video delay so you really need different delays for different sources.

Ironically, the high end displays like LCD, DLP, and Plasma with their video processing requirements and inherently slower displays are often the "straw that breaks the camels back" pushing the video delay beyond that "threshold of recognition" and the larger image size of Hi Deff have made the problem worse.

Your TV (and my HLN617W1) have a video processing time that's longer than most TVs out there. It's specified at 60ms max. That is the threshold where most people will begin to notice the delay. If the source signal also has the video delayed, as it often does, added to your TV's video processing time, you begin to notice the sync issue. So, it's not caused by the TV or the source alone, it's a combination of added delay. Samsung is fixing the sets to lower the delay range down into 40ms, for those customer that complain.

Actors Lip syncing to songs
When watching some TV dramas I've noticed that the actors are lip synching to music in the finale, could someone help put that in. Luckystars 22:35, 1 May 2007 (UTC)

What is "Lip singing"?
In the lede it states People often get this term mixed up with "lip singing." What is that? there is no article about it and no expalnation of what it is or why someone would confuse the two. Benjiboi 18:18, 1 October 2007 (UTC)

"Lip singing" is what people who do not know the correct term think they hear when someone says "lip syncing." I think it is a mistake to validate this error, as the current article appears to do.

Verdun Kid (talk) 13:31, 11 August 2008 (UTC)

Lip sync section too long
This section should be broken up with subsections for readability and clarity. Benjiboi 17:38, 20 December 2007 (UTC)

Merge proposal
I know the two are error-ridden, but I hope that there is a consensus to merge lip sync error into this article. Maybe if the two are combined, the attention that this article gets will improve the former article. --Kannie | talk 01:46, 25 December 2007 (UTC)

 * I'm mixed on the proposal and Lip sync error is all of how many days old? Perhaps that concept could be developed a bit better to encompass the technical aspects that would seem inappropriate here and then summarized in this article. Personally I would give TVtech some time, a month maybe?, to flush that article out a bit and provide some external links for those who deal in the issue or wish to learn more. My hunch is this article is attracting more pop culture hits so agree that two articles may make more sense in the long run. Benjiboi 02:36, 25 December 2007 (UTC)

Merge proposal comment
The issue of singers lip syncing their music and the technical lip sync problem experienced in television systems are so diverse that merging everything that comments on one or the other seems unproductive. I personally would like to see the two split into entirely distinct subjects. —Preceding unsigned comment added by TVtech (talk • contribs) 02:12, 25 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I'll comment here rather than that article for now. It would be quite helpful to introduce more industry related articles and links so anyone interested in that field can learn more even if we provide a short summary. It would be best to expand the article so the general reader can better understand that it impacts their daily life if they ever watch television or related media. Benjiboi 02:38, 25 December 2007 (UTC)

Cleanup
I think that the phrase 'lip synch' should be changed to 'lip sync' (or vice-versa) to keep it tidy and try and get the 'cleanup' banner removed.81.158.160.138 (talk) 21:20, 4 November 2008 (UTC)

 * ✅ ~Kvng (talk) 16:03, 1 January 2023 (UTC)

Music video lip syncs?
Do singers just mouth the words during the video shoots or do they actually sing the song? TyVulpine (talk) 01:38, 28 September 2010 (UTC)

 * Probably varies depending on the artiste and situation - actually singing along would probably look more authentic, while miming might be used during dance routines - or if the singer just gets embarrassed in front of the film crew! 92.234.48.114 (talk) 04:06, 12 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Generally, for a music video, the whole song is pre-recorded in a studio (unless the video contains live footage from a concert), which ensures a high audio quality and more effective filming of the video - you don't have to do several takes for the music (Film studio time being mre expensive than audio studio time) and both artists and crew concentrate on the filming/acting process. -- megA (talk) 15:24, 10 July 2011 (UTC)

Some gripes with the RPG section
(Role-playing games:) "Because of the sheer amount of information conveyed through the game, the majority of communication is done through the use of scrolling text." This looks very outdated. I can only name the Dragon Age and Mass Effect series right now, where there is no scrolling text at all, instead full lip sync for cutscenes as well as for in-game comments (even one-liners and taunts) by the characters. I think that's the norm nowadays, except for "simplified" systems, which I don't know enough about...

"New RPGs, however, usually use some degree of voice overs. These games are typically for computers or modern console systems and include such games as Mass Effect and The Elder Scrolls IV: Oblivion. In these full voice over games, lip sync is crucial." Voice over means a person off-screen is talking or doing a narration. (non-diegetic text) You don't need lip sync for voice-overs.

It should also be noted that modern game engines support auto-generated and localized lip-syncing, which means that lip movements are automatically created by the engine and change according to language spoken.

Correct me if I'm wrong... -- megA (talk) 15:21, 10 July 2011 (UTC)

Spelling
The article uses both "lip-syncing" and "lip-synching" spellings. Although both are acceptable it might make sense to unify the spelling within the same article. Longdehua (talk) 11:40, 22 February 2012 (UTC)

Merger proposal
I propose that Lip-synching in music be merged into Lip sync. Seems like a duplication to me. SergeWoodzing (talk) 06:10, 25 July 2014 (UTC)

Shall we? --SergeWoodzing (talk) 20:21, 19 October 2014 (UTC)
 * Nothing wrong with your merger proposal, but a help tag doesn't belong here. Primefac (talk) 20:26, 19 October 2014 (UTC)
 * I do not understand your objection to my use of the help tag in this context. I think I asked a question about using Wikipedia. Here's one more: how do we use Wikipedia when there has been no objection to a merger proposal for several months? --SergeWoodzing (talk) 20:34, 19 October 2014 (UTC)
 * There are many overlapping sections that need to be merged. Even here, most of the Lip sync article is about musis. So I don't understand the logic of creating a separate "Lip sync in music" page. werldwayd (talk) 23:31, 19 July 2015 (UTC)
 * Thank you. That's my point exactly. --SergeWoodzing (talk) 23:45, 19 July 2015 (UTC)

The "Help me" template is for help using Wikipedia. --SergeWoodzing (talk) 12:51, 3 May 2016 (UTC)
 * It is, but your original usage was incorrect. Asking "what happens when there's no objection" is different. If there has been no dissent, then merge away. Primefac (talk) 14:12, 3 May 2016 (UTC)
 * Thank you! Started this now and then had to run due to emergency. Hope to be back to clean it up soon. --SergeWoodzing (talk) 13:16, 4 May 2016 (UTC)

Re: Beyoncé

 * Well actually The Telegraph source also affirms she used a pre-recorded track, but chooses to use the headline "Beyoncé admits lip synching" for what I think is senstaionalism. Other sources that reported that this was a pre-recorded track include CNN, ABC and Reuters. Some of the articles have short clips of the subsequent press conference she discuses the National Anthem performance in, but they disappointingly don't use the full conference. CNN, however, provides a transcript here, and I think the question from CNN in that conference is quite important:

 * FUTTERMAN: Steve Futterman from CBS News. Can I clarify one thing that you said. You were sing along with the prerecorded track. At the inauguration were you actually singing, as well, or did any sound come out of your vocal cords during the national anthem?
 * BEYONCE: Typically, they have you sing a prerecorded track because anything could go wrong. So, I did sing along with the prerecorded track.
 * FUTTERMAN: So, you actually were singing and the prerecorded track was being played, as well?
 * BEYONCE: Yes.

It's signficant because Beyoncé was singing with assistance, but singing nonetheless. This is different to lip synching, which the Oxford English Dictionary defines as to: "move the lips silently in synchronization with a pre-recorded soundtrack". I think these concepts are substantially different from another, and using a picture from the inaguaration is misrepresenting what happened. —JennKR | ☎ 20:51, 19 October 2014 (UTC)
 * This source provides only what the singer claims. That claim is not in itself a reliable ( = independent) source to substantiate what actually took place. If she had sung simultaneously with a recording of her voice singing, that would obviously have been noticeable, not to say technically sloppy, and not a very good way to perform the song. I'm very sceptical that a technically odd and artistically risky performance like that took place on that occasion. As you can see, Futterman also seems sceptical and surprised that she would claim such a thing. I tend to agree with him. I think she lip synched, and that's what all the reliable sources say she did. --SergeWoodzing (talk) 21:03, 19 October 2014 (UTC)
 * PS We could rewrite the caption like this:
 * Beyoncé lip syncs (though she says she also used her vocal chords to some extent) at the second inauguration of President Obama in 2013.
 * Would that make her look better or worse? --SergeWoodzing (talk) 21:09, 19 October 2014 (UTC)
 * I think you've mischaracterised Futterman's question and his follow-up. I don't think he is sceptical of Beyoncé's claim, I think he's confused about the nature of what she's saying, and that's why he presses her into a yes/no answer. Nor do "all of the reliable" sources say that she lip synched; the ones I've provided report what she said at the press conference. They don't say "well Beyoncé said this, but what we all really think is she did this". —JennKR | ☎ 21:20, 19 October 2014 (UTC)
 * No, that re-write would be fallacious as the second part ("she says she also used her vocal chords") affirms that the example wouldn't be lip synching, rendering it useless. —JennKR | ☎ 21:20, 19 October 2014 (UTC)
 * What's the big deal? She syncronized her lips to a recording of her voice. I don't see that it's important whether or not she also sang along a bit, a note and a syllable here and there. She lip synched. Let's be reasonable! Why else would they play a recording of her singing, for all to hear? Do we need to wait for sound technicians to forensically analyse recordings of the broadcasts of the inauguration to find our how many syllables she sang along with and how many she silently lip-synched? Wouldn't be that hard to do, my studio might even be able to do it, but could be embarrassing. What she actually did should be obvious, even to you. But is it somehow shameful? Does she regret what she did? Why, if so? To me, the whole thing is getting silly. --SergeWoodzing (talk) 21:39, 19 October 2014 (UTC)
 * The reason why it's important whether "she sang along a bit" is because, by definition, that is not lip synching. I refer you to the definition above, to move the lips silently in synchronization with a pre-recorded soundtrack. Beyoncé explains that she did not move her lips silently, but sung accompanied by a recording of her own voice. This is different from lip synching where there is no singing whatsoever: the person mouths the words of the song. If we were to accept your definiton of lip synching (that it's not important whether someone "sang along a bit") then every instance of singing would be lip synching, when this isn't true as its a clearly defined practice . The "big deal" is that the primary picture of this article, which intends to demonstrate an example of lip synching, refers to something which has been shown to not be lip synching at all. Furthermore, the incident is not even mentioned in the article at any other point. Why would we stick a picture of someone not lip synching on top of an article about lip synching? —JennKR | ☎ 23:33, 19 October 2014 (UTC)
 * She lip synched, and the caption has now been adjusted to reflect the fact that she also voice synched to some extent, making her performance even more interesting in this context. If she didn't lip synch they would obviously not have played the song with her recorded voice, at high very risk of having her performance fail technically and sound weird. --SergeWoodzing (talk) 05:09, 20 October 2014 (UTC)
 * Btw, most dictionaries do not include "silently" in the definition. Whether or not the vocal chords also are used to some extent is not relevant to the syncronization of the lips, which is all the term describes. What the audience hears is what's important, and in this case the recorded song was clearly dominant in her performance. Shall we have the inauguation audio analysed? Wherever the song can be heard both with ther recorded voice and her live voice will then be disclosed (I believe that's nowhere), and I can get that published by a reliabe source. --SergeWoodzing (talk) 05:21, 20 October 2014 (UTC)

I think you've misunderstood what lip synching means. If we accept your definition, whether or not the vocal chords also are used to some extent is not relevant, it means that any time a person moves their lips they are said to be lip synching. You can tell from the first sentence of this article that "lip synching" is not a literal term, but it refers to a specific practice. Also, your assertion that "most dictionaries do not include silently in the definition" is simply not true:

 * Oxford English Dictionary: "move the lips silently in synchronization with a pre-recorded soundtrack"
 * Merriam Webster: "to pretend to sing or say in synchronization with recorded sound"
 * Collins: "to mouth (prerecorded words) on television or film"
 * Cambridge: "performers who lip-synch songs pretend to be singing them when in fact they are just moving their lips

All of the dictionaries I've consulted contain the same inference: that lip synching is when someone pretends to be singing, not when somebody is singing. The practice of acompanying your singing with a pre-recorded tack is covered on the backing track article where what Beyoncé did on this occasion is described. You can look at the bottom of that page where lists are provided of singers who use backing tracks to certain or full extent for further examples; as you can see its a widespread practice that does not "fail technically" or "sound weird". To address your second point, it is not the job for Wikipedia editors to analyse anything but sources. If you or someone you know attempted to analyse this audio, and published it drawing your own inferences, I believe you would be in violation of our guidelines on original research. This action also wouldn't help your neutrality in this dispute. Although I did stumble across this Slate article where a musician concurs that there was live singing and he provides points of reference where this can be sought. By definition this means that the performance was not lip synched as that is where you "pretend" to move your lips.—JennKR | ☎ 15:04, 20 October 2014 (UTC)
 * I've worked with live and lip-synching stage performers since 1970, and first saw lip-synching done in an American TV studio in 1959, so I'm hardly going to learn anything on the subject from you. How about let's have some input from somebody else? You keep repeating yourself as if I didn't know English. What's worse, "pretend" is re: singing not lip movements, and "silent" is not included in the dictionaries descriptions. If your going to twist things like that, away from the facts, nobody is going to be able to have a rational discussion with you. I certainly don't know how. --SergeWoodzing (talk) 17:59, 20 October 2014 (UTC)
 * I've started a RfC below. —JennKR | ☎ 20:21, 23 October 2014 (UTC)

RfC: Image in the lip syncing article
This dispute (which you can read directly above) concerns whether an image of an incident involving American singer Beyoncé should feature in the lead of the lip sync article. The incident is the singer's live performance of the American national anthem during the second inaugration of President Obama. News organisations reported that the singer lip synced her performance; she later clarified in a press conference that she sung with a pre-recorded track.

As I've explained above, I think lip syncing and singing with a pre-recorded track are sufficiently different practices within the music industry. This article, which concerns the former, is where a singer does not sing, but pretends to sing to give the effect of singing. I looked at some dictionary definitions which state it is to "move the lips silently in synchronization with a pre-recorded soundtrack (Oxford)"; "to pretend to sing or say in synchronization with recorded sound (Merriam Webster)" or "pretend to be singing them when in fact they are just moving their lips (Cambridge)". At a press conference, Beyoncé was pressed to confirm to a CBS reporter whether she sung: "FUTTERMAN (CBS): "So, you actually were singing and the prerecorded track was being played, as well?" BEYONCE: "Yes." This is the practice of using a backing track: "an audio or MIDI recording that musicians play or sing along to in order to add parts to their music which would be impractical to perform live."
 * Discussion

The key distinction here is whether someone is singing. I think it's clear from the dictionary definitions (and even other sources) that lip syncing is a clearly-defined practice, one where someone pretends to sing and not where someone actually is singing (albeit, accompanied in this incident). I don't think we should be using a picture of an incident in the lead of an article that does not actually represent what it seeks to describe. The lead of an article is arguably meant to be an article's most accessible part: where we set out exactly what something is. I don't think it's best to be using misleading examples, especially when the incident referred to in the image is not mentioned at any point in the article. Best, —JennKR | ☎ 20:21, 23 October 2014 (UTC)

Here's what I think is going on in this case (based on who my opponent seems to be in the discussion above): Biyonsay lip-synched at the inaugural, which was accurately reported in reliable media. But she doesn't want that revealed on WP. Someone working for her or in her interest is trying to get it removed, though, to me reliable sources have it that she lip-synched. I may be wrong, and I'll leave it up to other neutral editors to decide whether or not this action to remove what I consider a fact should succeed or not.
 * Exclude. There's enough ambiguity over this situation that it should not be highlighted as a prominent example in the lead of this article.   It should be trivially easy to find a less ambiguous example. NinjaRobotPirate (talk) 00:21, 24 October 2014 (UTC)
 * Exclude. I agree that it would be better to find a less ambiguous (and less controversial) example than the Beyonce example. It's not crucial to the subject of the article itself. --FuriousFreddy (talk) 07:12, 27 October 2014 (UTC)
 * Exclude For reasons stated above -Xcuref1endx (talk) 04:26, 3 November 2014 (UTC)

Please note that no reliable source quotes any sound technician or anyone else reliable to substantiate the claim that Biyonsay did not lip sync!

The image is particularly interesting because of this dispute, as it also illustrates the shame that some people feel should be associated with lip sync. --SergeWoodzing (talk) 10:39, 25 October 2014 (UTC)
 * Include: so what if it is controversial. If it is supported by reliable sources it can be included if the original intention was to give an example of it. Actually, in my opinion lip sync can be controversial at times and Wikipedia has to reflect that as well. -- lTopGunl (talk) 00:20, 4 November 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Lip sync. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20110512053055/http://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/01/arts/music/01NELS.html?pagewanted=1 to http://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/01/arts/music/01NELS.html?pagewanted=1

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 16:11, 7 January 2016 (UTC)

Spelling
The title is lip sync yet the article most often spells it "lip synching" Enigmamsg 19:13, 20 February 2019 (UTC)
 * The 'h' is normally added to a word where a vowel follows the 'c' and otherwise not. Thus lip synch on its own is not really correct and is liable to me mispronounced. --SergeWoodzing (talk) 18:47, 19 April 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lip sync