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Talk:Mayhem (band)

Out From The Dark..
..Is not an official Mayhem album. just putting it out there that i put it in the compilation albums list cos even though its an official release by Mayhem it is not an official album. For the simple reason that it wasnt even released on cd, only on LP. Plus it is always noted that the only official release by the band with Dead on vocals is the Freezing Moon single, released in 1996. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Okram 09 (talk • contribs) 01:50, 16 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Out from the Dark is indeed an official album, as clearly stated on the band's own website. That it was only released on vinyl is neither here nor there... this is something that many metal bands do. It is certainly not "always noted" that the "Freezing Moon" single is the only official release to feature Dead on vocals, as again stated on the official Mayhem website. Aside from Out from the Dark, there is also Live in Leipzig for instance. Finally, Out from the Dark is not actually a compilation, so should remain where it is. Blackmetalbaz (talk) 10:31, 16 July 2008 (UTC)

True that its on the bands website, and thats without a doubt, but wouldnt it seem odd to you that evry "album" (even deathcrush) except out from the dark was released on cd? its cos its just a compilation album. they were proper recordings on it, as it was basically the early version of De mysteriis dom sathanas. and it is noted on the bands website that it was only released on vinyl. in addition, the dawn of the black hearts is a bootleg, and shouldnt be noted as a live album, and the cd shouldnt be there. people only want it to be a live album cos of the infamous picture of dead on the front cover. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Okram 09 (talk • contribs) 03:18, 5 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Firstly, many many bands release albums exclusively on vinyl... I don't understand why you find this unusual, or indeed why it should be relevant. Secondly, I suspect that the Dawn of the Black Hearts bootleg may well be independently notable, precisely because of coverage it has received because of that picture. Blackmetalbaz (talk) 17:37, 5 August 2008 (UTC)

Crowley/LaVey
Although the spelling of "Euronymous" was taken from the Satanic Bible, I thought he expressed contempt for both Crowley and LaVey. The Satanic influences came from other sources, such as notably the holy bible; "For serious information about real Satanism read the Holy Bible and forget the goodness of LaVey and his life-worshipping followers." See here,    here  —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 81.156.150.7 (talk • contribs) 16:40, 29 July 2006 (UTC).
 * That's what I'm lead to believe as well XdiabolicalX 18:17, 29 July 2006 (UTC)

What a concidence --83.70.106.119 23:04, 29 July 2006 (UTC)

Ok, I'm rephrasing that part in the article.

Real names?
Can't we find some real names for any of these guys? I mean, c'mon - Count Grishnakh?

- Jaochai

Count Grishnakh's real name is Varg Vierkines (sp?) he is also in the one man band Burzum

 * On the topic of Black Metal musicians being known by their pseudonyms, read Talk:Ofermod (band). --217 /83 22:54, 2 January 2012 (UTC)

Nomenclature
Both "Mayhem" and "Mayhem (musical group)" should be redirects to "Mayhem (band)" to maintain clarity on the issue. All wiki pages regarding bands should have the "(band)" suffix for specificity.

Nyght 18:21, May 22, 2004 (UTC)

Origin of 'DMDS' title?
According to some interviews with Dead, he seemed to believe 'De Mysteriis Dom Sathanas' is an actual ancient book. Was it ever mentioned in other sources, or was he inspired by the Necronomicon or De Vermis Mysteriis?

 * It seems to have been a book he owned and lost. Don’t know more about that either, unfortunately, although I know Mayhem (true, i. e. with Euronymous) pretty well. --217 /83 22:54, 2 January 2012 (UTC)

Can this be checked
I think that Blasphemer real name is Rune Erickson and not Rune Eriksen as it says in the article. This can be verified on Official Mayhem site, in metal-archives and on several other sites. Interesting part is that on BNR Mezzerschmitt article says Erickson, but on BNR Mayhem says Eriksen??? What the fuck! Please respond with your thoughts, comments and words of enlightement! Death2 01:56, 7 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Erickson also on allmusic and discogs. Death2 11:16, 10 May 2006 (UTC)
 * On both Ava Inferi's albums (his side project) he is listed as Rune Eriksen. See also Ava Inferi. --NorthernDrifter (talk) 23:55, 29 December 2007 (UTC)

Maniac's Departure
"This frustrated his bandmates and it is rumored that Necrobutcher signaled his departure from Mayhem by kicking him down a flight of stairs after he (Maniac) had gotten drunk before a gig and was unable to remember the lyrics."

Can someone get a source for this, it doesn't seem like something Necrobutcher would do, from what I know of him he seems a rather nice, un-violent bloke. I also read in various publications that Maniac left as he was not interested in touring to the extent of which Mayhem tour and I have never once heard of him suffering from stage fright, why would he be a singer in the first place? And he is now also in a punk band which again you wouldn't do if you had stage fright.--XdiabolicalX 19:48, 12 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Another thing I just noticed Dead didn't kill himself in the basement of Helvete. He did it in a hut at the back of a cabin type house where the band was living at the time.--XdiabolicalX 22:28, 12 June 2006 (UTC)

There's an excellent article at which states that it was Blasphemer (not Necrobutcher) who kicked Maniac down the stairs (as well as smashing his face into a wall a couple of times). The article includes an interview with Necrobutcher, in which he says "Blasphemer actually came and asked my permission beforehand." He then confirmed the part about Maniac's stage fright. The interview was done during Mayhem's 2005 tour of Norway, which would seem to indicate they are not currently banned there (as questioned above). --Geemarcus 18:51, 1 August 2006 (UTC)

I have read about this, but in the web site, they say some stuff about thanking Maniac for all the time he was in the band and they were going to miss him, etc., check the site for that.Wayavas1337 20:18, 8 August 2007 (UTC)

The 'True' Mayhem
Is 'The True Mayhem' title mentioned in the opening statment just the name of the official website rather than an AKA? Some crowd know as 'Mayhem Communications' are loking for, ahem, $750,000 for use of mayhem.com. Coil00 02:22, 13 August 2006 (UTC)

No the band called themselves the true mayhem to distinguish from a few other small bands calling themselves mayhem that they felt were unworthy of the name. Think it explains that on the burzum official site if not the mayhem one. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.172.251.98 (talk) 22:10, 31 August 2008 (UTC)

Dawn of the Blackhearts
Dawn of the Blackhearts was not released by their record label against Euronymous's will as the article states. It was a bootleg that had the blessings of the band. This article is in need of some serious fact checking. Euronymous originally intended to use the cover picture from Dead's suicide scene as the cover for DMDS. Necrobutcher objected to this, as he was a close friend of Dead, and that was the reason he left the band prior to the recording of DMDS. Since the image was not used as the DMDS cover, it was used as the cover to Dawn of the Blackhearts

Bias
The opening paragraph of this article is ridiculously biased

--203.114.179.177 06:45, 7 January 2007 (UTC)

Reunited musical groups?
When has Mayhem ever really not been a band? If one is to take their "hiatus'" into account then the band is barely a band. Even after the death of Euronymous they continued. -- Death666 17:38, 22 January 2007 (UTC)
 * They spilt up for about 4 years between Euronymous' death and the release of Wolf's Lair Abyss, as Hellhammer was the only member left, Attila being a session musician only. Diabolical 18:00, 22 January 2007 (UTC)

Demos
This mythical "Voice of a Tortured Skull" demo should probably be removed. It's highly doubtful it even exists; note it's not even mentioned on the official site discography which is quite comprehensive. In any case it's certainly not an official demo, and I'd challenge anyone to prove otherwise with pictorial or interview evidence.

Most people try to rationalize the existence of this "demo" by claiming the mixed/unmixed sides of "Pure Fucking Armageddon" were previously available as seperate tapes. But there's no evidence that any such demos exist. The band sent Metal Forces magazine a press kit (see the original "PFA" demo review in one of the early issues) and this demo is not mentioned in the brief band bio the reviewer did.

thetruemayhem.com hijacked...
Obviously, if you take a look at http://www.thetruemayhem.com the Mayhem site isn't there anymore. Probably some lazy webadmin who hasn't been paying the bills in time. People's incompetence is shocking... ;) Guess they won't get that domain back now, unless they come up with a lot of cash to buy it back. Now, does anyone have an alternative site address, or some info on what's going on? --Unsound 09:10, 18 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Never mind, found the site at http://www.moonfrost.net/mayhem/ ... I updated the address in the article. --Unsound 09:17, 18 April 2007 (UTC)
 * http://www.thetruemayhem.com is back online. --Unsound 12:06, 21 April 2007 (UTC)

is this a joke?
"most extreme metal fans (as well as critics) consider the group the greatest metal band in history" i'm continually amazed at the nonsense that is accepted into articles on this site. does anyone actually believe that mayhem, or any individual band, would be regarded as the greatest metal band in history by more than 50% of "extreme" metal fans? 123.3.22.207 09:04, 24 April 2007 (UTC)Liam

 * Yeh this line really annoyed me as well, no citation, very impartial, almost certainly not true. Personally I don't know any black metal fans that consider Mayhem the greatest band, in fact a large number of them think they're rubbish, but it's not really relevant to the article anyway.86.144.56.33 10:51, 26 April 2007 (UTC)

 * The problem with this kind of claim is that black metal is divided between elitists, who will turn their backs to a band for making an album that sounds different than the old style, or that has good production and doesn't sound like it was recorded an a bathtub with a $10 computer microphone (this isn't hyperbole, people really do think that the production should be kept unclear and muddy,) and to give a relevant example, criticized Euronymous for being too technical and proficient in his solos, and fans who aren't so extreme. The less extreme ones tend to be the Mayhem fans.  I removed everything after "... widely considered to be one of the cornerstones of the black metal movement," because that is indisputable fact rather than the "greatest bands of all time" argument that, in my opinion, has no place in an encyclopedia. GWBBQ 18:28, 2 June 2007 (UTC)

It really depends on how you define greatest. Not technically, but people who know where Black Metal came from (which is not a question of musical aspects) give Mayhem (true, i. e. with Euronymous) and Euronymous as Black Metal’s father the deserved respect. But I never heard of anyone who “criticized Euronymous for being too technical and proficient in his solos”. --217 /83 22:54, 2 January 2012 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Mayhem Logo.png
Image:Mayhem Logo.png is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 23:07, 5 June 2007 (UTC)

Done/ ≈  Maurauth  ( nemesis~☆ ) 15:10, 9 June 2007 (UTC)

Recurring Vandalism
A quick glance at the IP address and recent acts of vandalism leads me to believe that 67.171.111.19 should be send a warning or blocked from editing. -- Branko 02:58, 8 June 2007 (UTC)

You can leave him a warning yourself on his talk page by writing on his page to display:

Welcome to Wikipedia. Although we invite everyone to contribute constructively to our encyclopedia, at least one of your recent edits was not constructive and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any test edits you would like to make, and take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia.

Increase the number in the tag to uw-vandalism2, or higher for further warnings, for example:

Please refrain from making unconstructive edits to Wikipedia. Your edits appear to be vandalism and have been reverted. If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox.

Please stop. If you continue to vandalize Wikipedia, you will be blocked from editing.

This is your last warning. The next time you vandalize Wikipedia, you will be blocked from editing.

≈  Maurauth  ( nemesis~☆ ) 15:10, 9 June 2007 (UTC)

Hellhammer's arm
hellhammer had his armed injured so the american tour was cancelled.

http://www.roadrunnerrecords.com/blabbermouth.net/news.aspx?mode=Article&newsitemID=74966

1983 or 1984?
Check the interview references, there is one where Euronymous said MayheM was formed in 1983...with Necrobutcher.Wayavas1337 18:20, 10 August 2007 (UTC)

Dawn of the Black Hearts bootleg first release
Refering to the official Mayhem website, the Dawn of the Black Hearts bootleg was first released in 1995. Wikipedia says 1991, but I think it's inaccurate. I'd like to add Mayhem website is an almost exhaustive and quite reliable source.

So guys, do you think too it's better to rely on official Mayhem info? Od1n 02:45, 30 September 2007 (UTC)

Up for deletion
This page: A Tribute to The Black Emperors is up for deletion. Travb (talk) 07:34, 11 November 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Mayhem Logo.png
Image:Mayhem Logo.png is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 18:06, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Mayhem current lineup.jpg
Image:Mayhem current lineup.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 18:08, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

What happened to the official Mayhem - Website?
Does anyone have an idea? www.thetruemayhem.com doesn't exist anymore —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.58.93.114 (talk) 18:17, 30 March 2008 (UTC)

Gayhem
"Gayhem" redirects to this article. Not my kinda music, so anyone here know if Mayhem is ever called that? Looks like vandalism to me but thought I'd check before tagging it. — FIRE!  in a crowded theatre...  20:07, 25 May 2008 (UTC)

Need something clarified
Did Blasphemer leave Mayhem? He is listed as both a current and a fromer member, yet it states that he decicded to leave the band in april 2008. If this is so, then shouldn't he be listed as only a former member, not as both. Svartasmeden (talk) 17:11, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

 * I apologize for the justified confusion. Mayhem, with Blasphemer on guitar, performed in mid '08 after Blasphemer had announced his departure from the band.  Posts on the band's web page citing late '08/early '09 touring plans and lacking any mention of a new guitarist seemed to indicate that Blasphemer, though no longer an official member, would be performing on these tours - hence the confusion regarding the lineup listings.  Morfeus has since been announced as the group's touring guitarist, indicating Blasphemer's definitive departure, and the listings have been changed to reflect this.  I hope that clears everything up.  Colinclarksmith (talk) 22:08, 20 October 2008 (UTC)

Issue of new era in 'Members' wikitable; new section of history bio
I see there is some controversy regarding the addition of a new "era" (ie, 2008-present) to the band member wikitable (not to be confused with the List of Mayhem band members) to mark the departure of Blasphemer. I, for one, favor the addition of this listing.

I agree that Morfeus is something of a dubious addition, as he is at present only a touring guitarist. However, this point is invalid regarding his non-inclusion for two reasons - 1.) Both Attila (in what is listed as his '92-'93 stint) and Grishnahck were temporary members at the time of their involvement in the band and are included in the chart, and 2.) Blasphemer's departure, importantly, indicates the end of a long era for the band, as they are losing a key member - specifically, the credited musical composer of their three most recent albums. I am planning on altering the band's bio in the main article by concluding the Ordo Ad Chao chapter with Blasphemer's departure and beginning a new one (which, of course, will have little content until future events unfold.) I will do this in the next few days - please alert me to any feelings or thoughts you have on the matter. Colinclarksmith (talk) 22:21, 20 October 2008 (UTC)

 * To put it simply, the members table is not for touring members, hence Messiah and Nordgarden aren't included. Right now, Morfeus has been recruited solely for the South American tour. Should he record an album with the band in future, he can be added to the table.  ~Asarlaí  22:48, 20 October 2008 (UTC)

 * Fair enough. Nonetheless, I do plan on altering the band's biographical history section to reflect Blasphemer's departure, as I feel it is significant enough to warrant a new chapter (as did Maniac's departure.) Colinclarksmith (talk) 22:53, 20 October 2008 (UTC)

Founding date and article references
Amusing.

First note: # ^ TheTrueMayhem.com interview (here Euronymous states band was formed in 1983)

Second note: # ^ Euronymous' final words, a screenshot

In the second, Euronymous states band was formed in 1984. Let the corpse-painted arguments begin. - It doesn't stick. (talk) 21:06, 20 March 2009 (UTC)

On post-1994 Mayhem not playing Black Metal
I explained my actions both in the summary and, as people seem to need additional explanation, I had an argument on my talk page, where I explained my point, including sources; see User talk:H. 217.83 and User talk:H. 217.83. I can reproduce the main content here if people are too lazy to click onto the link. --217 /83 22:54, 2 January 2012 (UTC)
 * Be careful, lest you become a genre warrior. Major sources ranging from the BBC to major magazines like Decibel to the band themselves use the term 'black metal' to describe their post-1995 output. It's important not to guard too closely a static definition of a musical sub-genre, especially in the context editing Wikipedia – judgments of 'true' and 'false' should not factor into a non-normative encyclopedia like this one.  And although genres can often be controversial, asserting Mayhem (even post-'95) to be a black metal band is as close to objective truth as any claim regarding extreme rock.  Colinclarksmith (talk) 06:15, 3 January 2012 (UTC)
 * You know that “[m]ajor sources” tend to be either ignorant or wrongly call something “Black Metal” only for commercial reasons (therefore, commercial media’s reliability is often to be doubted, a point brought up several times on the German project’s talk pages, when reliability was discussed), don’t you?
 * Writing something like “[i]t's important not to guard too closely a static definition of a musical sub-genre” is extremely problematic, especially since Black Metal is not a musical genre. I expect you to know that first wave bands like Venom and Mercyful Fate had nothing in common musically, nor did second wave bands like Rotting Christ, Mayhem and Archgoat; yet they were considered Black Metal bands due to their Satanic background. Non-Satanic bands used other terms back then, because their music was and is therefore not Black Metal (I have already explained this on the Black Metal talk page and contributed sources to the article). To quote Emperor drummer Faust: “Some people misunderstand Black Metal and think it is the music which decides whether it is Black Metal or not. They believe it is Black Metal as long as the guitars are non down tuned, the vocals are screamy and the productions is bad. I shall admit that this is the typical sound of some Black Metal bands. But that doesn't necessary [sic!] mean it's got to be like this if it is to be Black Metal. Bands like BLASPHEMY, DEATH SS, MAYHEM, MERCYFUL FATE, are all Black Metal bands, and musically they are different as day night and day [sic!] (well, almost at least).” (Emperor. In: Jon Kristiansen: Metalion: The Slayer Mag Diaries. Brooklyn, NY: Bazillion Points Books 2011, p. 274.) But even people who believe Black Metal to be a musical genre should (and, according to my experience, do) see that Grand Declaration of War is no Black Metal album. At least outside this project.
 * I also looked for a few comments on post-1994 Mayhem by Metalion, that I doubt to be rejected:
 * “Anyway, the first real chapter of Northern Black Metal is over and let's hope there will be no reforming of MAYHEM, that would not be right...........” De Mysteriis Dom Euronymous. In: Jon Kristiansen: Metalion: The Slayer Mag Diaries, p. 282.
 * “Well, I must say that I was one of those persons who was rather sceptic when it was known that t [sic!] MAYHEM should go on even without Dead or Euronymous. Finally I can leave that period of time behind me.” Mayhem. In: Jon Kristiansen: Metalion: The Slayer Mag Diaries, p. 477.
 * “Because there was a lot of people that said we should break up when Euronymous was killed, and it was also a lot of people who meant that we should break up when Dead killed himself.” Mayhem. In: Jon Kristiansen: Metalion: The Slayer Mag Diaries, p. 480. This one is by Necrobutcher, the other ones by Metalion himself, who knew Euronymous and Necrobutcher since 1985 and considered Euronymous to have been his best friend (see Euronymous article if you want references for that information).
 * “We have to stop here and now and hopefully there will be a part II of this interview somewhere in the next issue. Perhaps we will then talk about how such an anti Christian band as MAYHEM defend the fact that their drummer Hellhammer had a Christian wedding? And how that can ruin the credibility of the band? Who knows? You might find that out in the next SLAYER, but we might speak about other subjects as well.” Mayhem. In: Jon Kristiansen: Metalion: The Slayer Mag Diaries, p. 481.
 * And believing this project to be “a non-normative encyclopedia” rather seems like some dreaming of yours. --217 /83 17:56, 3 January 2012 (UTC)
 * Give that GENRE WARRIOR article a read : ) Colinclarksmith (talk) 18:41, 3 January 2012 (UTC)
 * I have already clicked onto that link before you got on my nerves with this useless comment. On the contrary, I wonder if you have even read one paragraph of my reply; if yes, you ignore history documented in old fanzines, Metalion’s book etc. And if you had taken a look at my other edits, you would know I don’t spend most of my time “altering the genre field of music infoboxes or the genre categories”; in the case of Mayhem, as explained on my user talk page, I have also added information, corrected footnotes, etc., but you people seem to ignore that while focusing on that “genre warrior” tag. I won’t accept any assumption that my main activity is something close to vandalism. --217 /83 19:38, 3 January 2012 (UTC)
 * That black metal is not a music genre is utterly absurd on the face of it. There are plenty of genres where we can point to bands that sound (to some degree or other) dissimilar), but that doesn't make them less of a genre. What you are proposing is a change purely in line with your POV (and possibly that of other "kvltists"). We have dozens of sources stating that post-1994 Mayhem is black metal; even the quotes from Slayer Mag above don't back up your assertion. Your argument is dead in the water. Blackmetalbaz (talk) 13:09, 4 January 2012 (UTC)
 * Wrong. I am not only referring to my own point of view (or that of “other ‘kvltists’”, as you put it; I feel no need to react on that term, I don’t give a crap on whether you call me a “kvltist” or not); as stated numerous times, bands totally different (which somebody only knowing the average “it is Black Metal as long as the guitars are non down tuned, the vocals are screamy and the productions is bad” definition (see the quote above) wouldn’t classify as Black Metal, but both underground fanzines and commercial magazines did in the past and probably still do) were considered Black Metal bands due to their Satanic background, whereas Non-Satanic bands used other terms back then (and denying this historical background is what is truly absurd). Give Rotting Christ and Archgoat a listen, and you will see they had a style not fitting the average musical definition (same goes for the first wave, which is why I referred to Venom and Mercyful Fate above). And I gave you the Slayer quotes not because of the Black Metal classification, but the whole controversy around post-1994 Mayhem (which was the other reason for my edits), showing one and the same person taking several different positions as time went on, and Slayer is an excellent source. So don’t tell me about dead arguments. Before your post, I had actually considered to suggest a consensus showing that commercial media etc. still call post-1994 Mayhem a Black Metal band whereas this is a controversial topic in the underground, as is the whole post-1994 band, but I still need to provide references for that. But the way you and Colinclarksmith react doesn’t actually motivate me to do so. --217 /83 15:58, 4 January 2012 (UTC)
 * Oh, and generally, as I'm sure you're aware, underground fanzines pretty much never pass WP:RS. Remember that Wikipedia is about verifiability (i.e. in sources that pass WP:RS), not "truth". In another, unrelated note, can you please stop altering quotation marks, generally across WP? It contravenes MOS:PUNCT. Blackmetalbaz (talk) 14:17, 4 January 2012 (UTC)
 * As far as I know, reliable has a somehow similar meaning to trustworthy, which I doubt to apply to quite a few of your so-called “reliable sources”. And I might add that I didn’t write “documented in old fanzines”, but “documented in old fanzines, Metalion’s book etc.”; just mentioning two examples and not explicitly excluding everything else (and after all the bullshit I had to read here and on my talk page, it is no surprise it was read that way). And yes, I can; this was clear enough, but I am not perfect, so if I forget, don’t make a scandal out of it. --217 /83 15:58, 4 January 2012 (UTC)
 * "Reliable" as far as WP is concerned means something rather diffferent to its everyday meaning; I have linked repeatedly before, but if you haven't done so already, please read WP:RS. It explains quite clearly why fanzines (and in its modern version, fan sites and webzines) fail the necessary criteria. Regarding what classifies as black metal, this a very, very old argument, which should really be taken to a forum, not an article talk page. There is no hard and fast authority on what qualifies as a musical genre, and hence POV is inevitable. You believe all black metal mustmustmust be Satanic; others disagree. Finally, regarding the "bullshit" you have encountered, can I refer you to WP:CIVIL. Blackmetalbaz (talk) 18:09, 4 January 2012 (UTC)
 * You (plural, referring to both Blackmetalbaz’ and Colinclarksmith’s replies) ignore the definition I refer to has been around long before the one you refer to and dismiss it as “absurd” without seeming to know about the subculture’s history, you seem not to have read my posts properly (there were two points I referred to, the question whether post-1994 Mayhem plays Black Metal and the controversy, but you weren’t even able to associate the Slayer quote to the latter), etc. and believe you have to tell me about civility? What a sick joke. And I guess you actually were surprised by my reaction to the term reliable in connection to the guidelines you linked to (my logical reaction to a term being used in a sense “rather diffferent to its everyday meaning” here). --217 /83 19:24, 4 January 2012 (UTC)
 * This is increasingly like a forum argument. Re: is there any controversy regarding latterday Mayhem, certainly. Is it notable? No, not really, in the absence of rather more than you have currently provided. I maintain that you are POV-pushing (it is fairly obvious what your opinion is, whereas I prefer to leave my opinions far from Wikipedia). Re: your definition of what is and is not black metal, I suggest you take it up elseweb. If it is simply heavy metal played by Satanists, then it has been argued (in the pages of Terrorizer for example) that Danzig qualify whilst Venom do not. Go figure ;-) I do not mean to perpetuate the argument, simply to point out that actually there is no One True Gold Standard as to what black metal is that everyone can agree upon. I maintain that I am being civil, but am struggling to find comments like "without seeming to know about the subculture’s history" within those same realms of civility. Blackmetalbaz (talk) 21:55, 4 January 2012 (UTC)
 * Guess why “[t]his is increasingly like a forum argument“. Yes, I have an obvious opinion, but I have stated repeatedly that my edits aren’t only about pushing my point of view, but also about contributing information I consider to be a notable part of the post-1994 history (I have already stated this in one of my replies on my talk page). And I don’t consider my quoted reaction to the impression you leave to be any less civil than your assumptions. --217 /83 22:13, 4 January 2012 (UTC)
 * Yes, H. 217.83, a neutral article is attained by synthesizing material that has attained consensus via reliable sources (e.g., major media outlets). One which presents esoteric views in arcane sources (e.g., fanzines, your own convictions) fails WP:NPOV, regardless of your opinion of the source.  I won't take a side regarding its validity, but your argument requires rejecting the paradigm favored by the overwhelming majority for an alternative, controversial, and ambiguous one.  This is a noble project to be pursued elsewhere (hence Blackmetalbaz's suggestion that this be taken to a forum), but it simply has no place on Wikipedia. Colinclarksmith (talk) 22:26, 4 January 2012 (UTC)
 * Have you noticed that I added quotes by Metalion both against post-1994 Mayhem and accepting this phase? Would I have done this if my edits were about POV-pushing? No, I wouldn’t. See above: “Before your post, I had actually considered to suggest a consensus showing that commercial media etc. still call post-1994 Mayhem a Black Metal band whereas this is a controversial topic in the underground, as is the whole post-1994 band, but I still need to provide references for that. But the way you and Colinclarksmith react doesn’t actually motivate me to do so.” Same goes for the post-1994 controversy in general, which you seemed to have forgotten about when I wrote this. --217 /83 22:39, 4 January 2012 (UTC)

Infobox photo
someone can upload a photo wich features all, or most of the bands members, that would be better than just the singer. Nicrorus (talk) 03:47, 30 January 2012 (UTC)

Orphaned references in Mayhem (band)
I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. One of the things I do is look for content for orphaned references in wikilinked articles. I have found content for some of Mayhem (band)'s orphans, the problem is that I found more than one version. I can't determine which (if any) is correct for this article, so I am asking for a sentient editor to look it over and copy the correct ref content into this article.

Reference named "soundsofdeath": From Euronymous: Sounds of Death magazine (1998): Hellhammer interview From De Mysteriis Dom Sathanas: Dan Zimmer: Interview with Hellhammer taken from Sounds Of Death Magazine.

I apologize if any of the above are effectively identical; I am just a simple computer program, so I can't determine whether minor differences are significant or not. AnomieBOT ⚡ 14:52, 28 August 2013 (UTC)

Orphaned references in Mayhem (band)
I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. One of the things I do is look for content for orphaned references in wikilinked articles. I have found content for some of Mayhem (band)'s orphans, the problem is that I found more than one version. I can't determine which (if any) is correct for this article, so I am asking for a sentient editor to look it over and copy the correct ref content into this article.

Reference named "LoC120": From Early Norwegian black metal scene: Lords of Chaos, p. 120. From Varg Vikernes: Lords of Chaos (2003), p.120.

I apologize if any of the above are effectively identical; I am just a simple computer program, so I can't determine whether minor differences are significant or not. AnomieBOT ⚡ 08:58, 29 August 2013 (UTC)

Guest and session members
Consulting Encyclopedia Metallum I realised that not every Mayhem's can be defined official, thus I made a new section called Former session members: it includes, according to Metal Archives itself, Varg Vikernes and Snorre Ruch, playing bass guitar and rhythm guitar respectively in De Mysteriis Dom Sathanas; vocalists Messiah and Maniac (only in 1987, then from 1994 to 2004 served in the band as lead singer); drummer Torben Grue (Metal Archives reports he filled TEMPORARILY the drummer position); vocalist Kittil Kittilsen (he was in the band only for a few time, as like as Torben Grue was, still according to Encyclopedia Metallum); Occultus, recruited by Euronymous to record vocals/bass tracks in Mayhem's debut album after Necrobutcher's Dead suicide-related departure, and Dead's death itself. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 95.233.174.108 (talk) 19:04, 9 February 2014 (UTC)

Experimental metal
i added experimental metal to the genres,acording this ref:{ } i found in the Experimental metal page and the Allmusic review of At the heart of winter album by Immortal,which notes that Mayhem (band) is Experimental: i had forgotten to "sign my post" --GREYBOYY (talk) 18:58, 11 October 2015 (UTC)

Rescued from Daemon (Mayhem album)
Track list:

1.Dying False King

2.Agenda Ignis

3.Bad Blood

4.Malum

5.Falsified and Hated

6.Aeon Daemonium

7.Worthless Abominations Destroyed

8.Daemon Spawn

9.Of Worms and Ruins

10.Invoke the Oath It's a redirect. Jerod Lycett (talk) 17:34, 28 December 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mayhem (band)


text:
Tom T. Hall

Thomas Hall (May 25, 1936 – August 20, 2021), known professionally as Tom T. Hall and informally nicknamed "The Storyteller", was an American country music singer-songwriter and short-story author. He wrote 12 No. 1 hit songs, with 26 more that reached the Top 10, including the No. 1 international pop crossover hit "Harper Valley PTA", and "I Love", which reached No. 12 on the Billboard Hot 100. He is included in Rolling Stone's list of 100 Greatest Songwriters. He was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2008, and the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame alongside his wife Dixie in 2018.

Early life and career
Hall was born in Tick Ridge, seven miles south of Olive Hill, Kentucky, on May 25, 1936. As a teenager, he organized a band called the Kentucky Travelers that performed before movies for a traveling theater. Hall enlisted in the U.S. Army in 1957, serving in Germany. While in the service, he performed over the Armed Forces Radio Network and wrote comic songs about army experiences. Following his discharge in 1961, he used G.I. Bill education benefits to enroll at Roanoke College, where he worked as a disc jockey. His early career included being an announcer at WRON, a local radio station in Ronceverte, West Virginia. Hall was also an announcer at WMOR (1330 AM) in Morehead and WGOH (1370 AM) in Grayson, both in Kentucky. Hall was also an announcer at WSPZ, which later became WVRC Radio in Spencer, West Virginia, in the 1960s.

Hall's big songwriting break came in 1963, when country singer Jimmy C. Newman recorded his song "DJ For a Day". In 1964, Hall moved to Nashville and started to work as a $50-a-week songwriter for Newkeys Music, the publishing company belonging to Newman and his business partner Jimmy Key, writing up to half a dozen country songs per day. Key suggested that he add the middle initial "T" to his name. Hall was nicknamed "The Storyteller", and he composed songs for dozens of country music stars, including Johnny Cash, George Jones, Loretta Lynn, Waylon Jennings, Alan Jackson, and Bobby Bare. He also penned "Hello Vietnam", a song that openly supported the Vietnam War at a time when war protest songs were beginning to dominate the pop music chart. The song proved to be a hit for country singer Johnnie Wright and was later used in the 1987 Vietnam War movie Full Metal Jacket.

One of Hall's earliest successful songwriting ventures, "Harper Valley PTA", recorded in 1968 by Jeannie C. Riley, hit No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 and Hot Country Singles charts a week apart. It sold over six million copies and won both a Grammy Award and a CMA Award. The song would go on to inspire a motion picture and television program of the same name. Hall himself recorded the song for his album The Definitive Collection (as track No. 23). His recording career took off after Riley's rendition of the song, and he released a number of hits from the late 1960s through the early 1980s. Some of his biggest hits include "A Week in a Country Jail", "(Old Dogs, Children and) Watermelon Wine", "I Love", "Country Is", "The Year Clayton Delaney Died", "I Like Beer", "Faster Horses (the Cowboy and the Poet)", and "That Song Is Driving Me Crazy". One of his best-known numbers, "Pamela Brown", was recorded by Leo Kottke and became a staple of his performances. He is also noted for his child-oriented songs, including "Sneaky Snake" and "I Care", the latter of which hit No. 1 on the country charts in 1975. His song "I Love", in which the narrator lists the things in life that he loves, was recorded by Heathen Dan, with completely altered lyrics, as "I Like" and appeared many times on the Dr. Demento show in the early 1980s. Hall's song was also used with altered lyrics and a hard rock arrangement in a popular 2003 TV commercial for Coors Light. In the mid- to late 1970s, Hall was a commercial spokesperson for Chevrolet trucks.

Hall succeeded Ralph Emery as host of the syndicated country music TV show Pop! Goes the Country in 1980 and continued until the series ended in 1982. Hall largely retired from writing new material in 1986 and from performing in 1994; his last public performance, which was also his first in several years, was in 2011.

Awards and honors
Hall won the Grammy Award for Best Album Notes in 1973 for the notes he wrote for his album Tom T. Hall's Greatest Hits. He was nominated for, but did not win, the same award in 1976 for his album Greatest Hits Volume 2. He was a member of the Grand Ole Opry from 1971. In 1998 his 1972 song "(Old Dogs, Children and) Watermelon Wine" came in second in a BBC Radio 2 poll to find the UK's favorite easy listening record, despite never having been a hit in the UK and being familiar to Radio 2 listeners mostly through occasional plays by DJ Terry Wogan.

Hall was inducted into the Kentucky Music Hall of Fame in 2002, and into the Country Music Hall of Fame on February 12, 2008. His wait for these honors was longer than anticipated; Hall attributed it to being somewhat reclusive and "not well liked" among the Nashville music industry, noting that he almost never collaborated with other songwriters and by the 1990s was largely out of step with the corporate style of country music.

On June 1, 2014, Rolling Stone ranked "(Old Dogs, Children and) Watermelon Wine" at No. 93 on its list of the 100 greatest country songs. In November 2018 Hall and his wife Dixie Hall were inducted together into the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame. On June 13, 2019, Hall was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame. Of all the honors he had received in his lifetime, he considered this induction to be his proudest moment and the pinnacle of his achievement, also stating that he was taken by surprise for even being considered.

Together with his wife Dixie he won the Society for the Preservation of Bluegrass Music of America Bluegrass Song Writer of the Year award in 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, and 2015.

Personal life
Hall was married in 1961 to Opal "Hootie" McKinney, a native of Grayson, Kentucky. Their son, Dean Todd Hall, was born on June 11, 1961. Dean worked for his father in the early 1980s, first as a roadie and later as a guitarist. Dean has since worked as a solo artist and with Bobby Bare's band.

Hall met bluegrass songwriter Dixie Hall in 1965 at a music industry award dinner to which she was invited for having written (as Dixie Deen) the song "Truck Drivin' Son-of-a-Gun", which became a hit for Dave Dudley. Dixie Hall was born Iris Lawrence in the West Midlands, England, in 1934 and emigrated to the U.S. in 1961. Hall and Dixie were married from 1968 until her death on January 16, 2015. They lived in Franklin, Tennessee.

Death
At age 85, Hall died at his home in Franklin, Tennessee, on August 20, 2021, of a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head; the cause of death went unreleased and had been presumed to be natural until the Williamson County medical examiner released his findings in November. Hall left no suicide note. He had chlordiazepoxide (used to treat anxiety and alcohol withdrawal) in his system at the time of his death and was rumored to have been suffering from numerous old-age–related illnesses at the time.

Selected discography

 * In Search of a Song (1971)
 * We All Got Together and... (1972)
 * Places I've Done Time (1978)
 * Song in a Seashell (1985)

Books written by Hall

 * How I Write Songs, Why You Can (1976), Chappell Music Co. ISBN 978-0882544236
 * The Songwriter's Handbook (1976), Rutledge Hill Press ISBN 9781558538603
 * The Storyteller's Nashville (1979), Doubleday & Co.; (Spring House Press, 2016), ISBN 978-1-940611-44-0
 * The Laughing Man of Woodmont Coves (1982), Doubleday & Co. ISBN 9781557282255
 * The Acts of Life (1986), The University of Arkansas Press ISBN 9780938626718
 * Spring Hill, Tennessee (1990), Longstreet Press, Inc. ISBN 9780929264738
 * What a Book! (1996), Longstreet Press, Inc. ISBN 9781563523403

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Tom T. Hall


text:
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Talk:Argonauta argo

External links modified
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title: Talk:Argonauta argo


text:
Peruvian Hairless Dog

The Peruvian Hairless Dog, Peruvian viringo, Peruvian Inca Orchid, naked dog, or Chimú dog is one of several breeds of hairless dog. Peruvian Hairless dogs were also called “perros Chinos” which translates directly to chinese dogs but was thought to have the meaning of “house-dogs” instead, as ”China” is a Quechua (indigenous peruvian) word for woman. The breed comes in a variety of sizes and colors, including chocolate-brown, elephant-grey, and copper. They are sensitive to extreme temperatures and require special care due to their lack of fur, including protection from the sun and cold. Historically, they have been associated with the Inca Empire and are officially recognized as part of Peru's cultural heritage.

Appearance
According to the FCI breed standard, the most important aspect of its appearance is its hairlessness. Hairless dogs are often used in research for testing of various conditions such as dermatitis and other immune-related conditions. The dog may have short hair on top of its head, on its feet, and on the tip of its tail. In Peru, breeders tend to prefer completely hairless dogs. The color of skin can be chocolate-brown, elephant-grey, copper, or mottled. They can be totally one color or one color with tongue pink spots. Albinism is not accepted. The eye color is linked to the skin color. It is always brown, but dogs with light colors can have clearer eyes than darker-skinned dogs.

Peruvian Hairless Dogs come in three sizes:
 * Small 25 – 40 cm (10 – 16 inches)
 * Medium 40 – 50 cm (16 – 20 inches)
 * Large 50 – 65 cm (20 – 26 inches)

Weight is also varied according to size :
 * Small 4 – 8 kg (9 – 18 lbs)
 * Medium 8 – 12 kg (18 – 26 lbs)
 * Large 12 – 25 kg (26 – 55 lbs)

The dogs should be slim and elegant, with the impression of force and harmony, without being coarse.

The ears should be candle-flame shaped and erect with the possibility to lay flat.

Proportions of height (at withers) to length (withers to base of tail) are 1:1.

Genetics and health
The gene that causes hairlessness also results in the breed often having fewer teeth than other breeds, mostly lacking molars and premolars.

The hairlessness trait is a dominant double lethal mutation, which means that homozygotic hairlessness does not exist. Homozygous embryos, those with two copies of the gene, do not develop in the womb. This results in an average birthrate of 2:1, hairless:coated.

History
The Peruvian Hairless Dog is often perceived to be an Incan dog because it is known to have been kept during the Inca Empire (the Spaniards classified them as one of the six different breeds of dogs in the empire), they were also kept as pets in pre-Inca cultures from the Peruvian northern coastal zone. Ceramic hairless dogs from the Chimú, Moche, and Vicus culture are well known. Depictions of Peruvian hairless dogs appear around A.D. 750 on Moche ceramic vessels and continue in later Andean ceramic traditions.

Peruvian Hairless Dogs are now a symbol of Peru and part of its national heritage, celebrated in art and literature. The Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) accepted the breed and adopted an official breed standard.

Before that time, in the United States, some enthusiasts created another type of Peruvian hairless dog, the Peruvian Inca Orchid. The Peruvian Inca Orchid is recognized by the AKC and all recognized dogs are descendants of 13 dogs brought from Peru in the early 20th century.

The UKC also recognized the breed in recent years.

DNA evidence
In 2018, an analysis of DNA from the entire cell nucleus indicated that dogs entered North America from Siberia 4,500 years after humans did, were isolated for the next 9,000 years, and after contact with Europeans these no longer exist because they were replaced by Eurasian dogs. The pre-contact dogs exhibit a unique genetic signature that is now gone.

title: Peruvian Hairless Dog


text:
Jevne

Jevne may refer to:

 * Jevne (surname)
 * H. Jevne & Co., an early grocery store in California, United States
 * Jevne State Park, a state park in northern Minnesota, United States
 * Jevne Township, Aitkin County, Minnesota, United States

title: Jevne


text:
Analog watch

An analog watch (American) or analogue watch (UK and Commonwealth) is a watch whose display is not digital but rather analog with a traditional clock face. The name is an example of a retronym; it was coined to distinguish analog watches, which had simply been called "watches", from newer digital watches. It strictly refers to the design of the display, regardless of the timekeeping technology used within the watch movement or module, although its counterpart, "digital watch", usually connotes (in most minds) digital electronics in both. A digital watch is one in which the time is displayed as a series of digits, e.g. "04:32". An analog watch is one in which the display is not digital, but is indicated (typically) by the continuous motion of one, two, or three rotating pointers or hands pointing to numbers arrayed on a circular dial (the hour hand's movement being analogous to the path of the sun across the sky).

Reading the time on an analog watch
An analog watch has hands to show the time. One for the hours is short and thick. One for the minutes is long and thin. And sometimes one for the seconds which is long and very thin, this is clearly the second hand because it goes round 60 times faster than the minute hand and 720 times faster than the hour hand. Some Analog watches do not have numbers printed onto them; the numbers can still be determined because the strap is always at 12 & 6. Often only the 12 o'clock position is marked, or only the 12, 3, 6 & 9 positions.

Using a watch and the sun as a compass
An analog watch can be used to locate north and south. The Sun appears to move in the sky over a 24-hour period while the hour hand of a 12-hour clock takes twelve hours to complete one rotation. In the northern hemisphere, if the watch is rotated so that the hour hand points toward the Sun, the point halfway between the hour hand and 12 o'clock will indicate south. For this method to work in the southern hemisphere, the 12 is pointed toward the Sun and the point halfway between the hour hand and 12 o'clock will indicate north.

During daylight saving time, the same method can be employed using 1 o'clock instead of 12. There are relatively minor inaccuracies due to the difference between local time and zone time, and due to the equation of time. The method functions less well as one gets closer to the equator.

title: Analog watch


text:
Talk:2002–03 in English football

I've done a whole bunch of reorganising, especially putting all the information for each league division in one section (champions, promoted teams, relegated teams, etc.) I've also thrown a few more bits in. Stuff I reckon that could still go on this page includes:
 * a brief narrative of the season, maybe comparing it to the previous one, noting any major trends;
 * list of other events - major sponsorship deals, teams bought and sold, new record attendances, scandal stories, FA appointments, non-League reorganising, new Beckham babies, etc, etc, etc;
 * full league tables - I notice they're on the 2001-02 in English football page;
 * all results of English teams in Europe;
 * top goalscorers in each division;
 * full details for England matches and cup finals;
 * summary details of England youth teams;

Comments, suggestions? sjorford 18:33, 22 May 2004 (UTC)

Tables
could anyone tell me which tables are preferred; Home and Away or combined?

I think the Combined table is easier to read, however most tables are shown with home and away records seperate

--Mrdrr 11:31, 23 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I don't mind, but I think they should all be the same. Its strange that Division 1 is combined, wheras the other 3 are split.

--Thom32

Football League Division One
I'd like to dispute the details about Leicester City in the Football League Division One section. They read

"Leicester City earned a somewhat controversial promotion by using a Creditor's Voluntary Agreement to write off virtually all of their debts, then heavily rebuilding their squad with the now freed up cash. Partly as a result of this, the League would introduce a ten point deduction for any teams using this tactic from the next season onwards."

This is factually incorrect. It is true that Leicester did go into administration, but no funds were freed up and during the season only two players (Billy McKinley and Nicky Summerbee),were signed, both on non-contract terms initially playing for nothing. Indeed the whole playing team were transfer listed by the administrators. Fortunately or unfortunately, depending on your viewpoint, the bottom had fallen out of the transfer market and no-one would match their grossly over-priced Premiership level contracts. Also later in the season another player, (Jeff Whitley from memory), was willing to play for nothing but was blocked by the League. Also the statement that "virtually all of their debts" were wiped out is again incorrect. In fact Leicester are still carrying a substantial debt inherited from that time, mostly to the owners of the stadium.

I will post an updated section in a few days, with appropriate references to news stories from the time, (the BBC news pages from that time should still be available).

Tim mawby 17:24, 7 March 2007 (UTC)Tim Mawby

I agree, and have edited and removed the factually inaccurate content. Wellbutthatcouldbe 11.52, 4 July 2007

Dead link
During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!

 * http://www.faw.org.uk/news/595
 * In 2002–03 in English football on 2011-06-11 05:26:52, 404 Not Found
 * In 2002–03 in English football on 2011-06-26 00:44:56, 404 Not Found

--JeffGBot (talk) 00:45, 26 June 2011 (UTC)

Adding events to page
Sjorford,

Is the "Events" section that I have just added what you had in mind?

Asd36f (talk) 11:50, 17 June 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:2002–03 in English football


text:
Jewell

Jewell may refer to:

Places in the United States

 * Jewell, California
 * Jewell, Georgia
 * Jewell, Kansas
 * Jewell, New York
 * Jewell, Oregon
 * Jewell County, Kansas
 * Jewell Junction, Iowa

Places in Greenland

 * Jewell Fjord

People with the given name Jewell

 * Jewell (singer)
 * Jewell James

Other uses

 * Jewell (surname)
 * Jewell (automobile), an American car produced 1906–1909
 * Jewell railway station, Victoria, Australia
 * William Jewell College, Liberty, Missouri, United States
 * Jewell Building, a building in North Omaha, Nebraska, United States

title: Jewell


text:
List of banjo players

This article comprises two separate lists. The first consists of primary banjo players and the second of celebrities that also play the banjo.

Primary banjo players
A listing of notable musicians who play the banjo as a major part of their output include:

A
• Derroll Adams

• Eddie Adcock

• David "Stringbean" Akeman

• Howard Alden

• Peter R. Arnott

• Clarence Ashley

• Scott Avett

B
• Etta Baker

• Danny Barker

• Danny Barnes

• Terry Baucom

• Riley Baugus

• Andru Bemis

• Carroll Best

• Louis 'Lou' Black

• Ron Block

• Dock Boggs

• Maurice Bolyer

• Isaac Brock

• Ruby Brooks

• Alison Brown

• Peter Buck

• Lindsey Buckingham

• John Butler

• Picayune Butler

C

 * Howard Caine
 * Elizabeth (Bessie) Campbell
 * Gus Cannon
 * Bob Carlin
 * Gaither Carlton
 * June Carter
 * Eugene Chadbourne
 * Jack Chernos
 * James Chirillo
 * Bobby Clancy
 * Roy Clark
 * Fred Cockerham
 * Eddie Condon
 * J. D. Crowe

D
• Erik Darling

• Jeff DaRosa

• Reverend Gary Davis

• Michael DeTemple

• Douglas Dillard

• Dwight Diller

• Lonnie Donegan

• John Dowling

• Jimmy Driftwood

E
• David Eugene Edwards

• Ben Eldridge

• Curtis Eller

• Bill Emerson

• Dan Emmett

• Clifford Essex

F
• Billy Faier

• Raymond Fairchild

• Anthony Field

• Jem Finer

• Bradley Fish

• Béla Fleck

• George Formby

• Tony Furtado

G
• Rhiannon Giddens

• Harper Goff

• Shakey Graves

• Bee Ho Gray

• Dave Guard

H
• Tom Hanway

• JP Harris

• John Hartford

• Alex Hassilev

• Warren Hellman

• Ed Helms

• John Hickman

• Brent Hinds

• Roscoe Holcomb

• David Holt

• Matt Hoopes

I
• Gregory Alan Isakov

• Burl Ives

J
• Carl Jackson

• Papa Charlie Jackson

• Tommy Jarrell

• Cosmo Jarvis

• Snuffy Jenkins

• Courtney Johnson

• Dave Johnston

• Grandpa Jones

K
• Buell Kazee

• Bill Keith

• Luke Kelly

• Narvin Kimball

• Elle King

• Julian Koster

• Jens Kruger

L
• Nappy Lamare

• Frank Lawes

• Jack Lawrence

• Bernie Leadon

• Lily May Ledford

• John H. Lee

• Neil Levang

• Dan Levenson

• "Father" Al Lewis

• Bascom Lamar Lunsford

• Rudy Lyle

M
• Uncle Dave Macon

• Wade Mainer

• Tommy Makem

• Lawrence Marrero

• Winston Marshall

• Steve Martin

• Jimmy Mazzy

• Del McCoury

• Rob McCoury

• John McEuen

• Barney McKenna

• Larry McNeely

• Joe Medford

• Jim Mills

• Jonny Mizzone

• Mick Moloney

• Bruce Molsky

• Joe Morley

• Alan Munde

• Jay Munly

• Kacey Musgraves

O
• Fergus O'Byrne

• Gerry O'Connor

• Molly O'Day

• Sonny Osborne

• Vess Ossman

P
• Tom Paley

• Clive Palmer

• Jad Paul

• Jerron "Blind Boy" Paxton

• Eddie Peabody

• Herb Pedersen

• Francisco Pereira

• Noam Pikelny

• Mike Pingitore

• Joe Pisapia

• Scotty Plummer

• Charlie Poole

• Teddy Powell

Q
• Howard 'Howdy' Quicksell

R
• Larry Ramos

• Ola Belle Reed

• Don Reno

• Don Wayne Reno

• Harry Reser

• Larry Richardson

• Dick Roberts

• Dink Roberts

• Butch Robins

• Ikey Robinson

• Emily Robison

• Ryan Ross

S
• Johnny St. Cyr

• Cynthia Sayer

• Emanuel Sayles

• Enda Scahill

• Robert Schmidt

• Jon Schneck

• Earl Scruggs

• Mike Seeger

• Peggy Seeger

• Pete Seeger

• George Segal

• Lee Sexton

• Bob Shane

• Sammy Shelor

• Allen Shelton

• B. F. Shelton

• Rick Shubb

• Matokie Slaughter

• Langhorne Slim

• Roy Smeck

• Arthur Smith

• Chloe Smith

• Hobart Smith

• Jim Smoak

• Leah Song

• Roger Sprung

• Ralph Stanley

• Sufjan Stevens

• John Stewart

• Jayme Stone

• Roni Stoneman

• Joel Walker Sweeney

• Taylor Swift

T
• Charlie Tagawa

• Otis Taylor

• Todd Taylor

• Bobby Thompson

• Pete Townshend

• Buck Trent

• Tony Trischka

• Leroy Troy

• James Tyler

V
• Fred Van Eps

• Scott Vestal

W
• Loudon Wainwright III

• Uncle Homer Walker

• Dock Walsh

• Wade Ward

• Abigail Washburn

• Patsy Watchorn

• Doc Watson

• Tim Weed

• Eric Weissberg

• Gillian Welch

• Pete Wernick

• Hedy West

• Billy Whitlock

• JD Wilkes

Y
• Bob Yellin

Celebrity banjo players
A listing of celebrities who play the banjo include:

B
• Syd Barrett

• Lindsey Buckingham

C
• Howard Caine

• Billy Connolly

• David Crowder

D
• Kirk Douglas

G
• Jerry Garcia

• Charlie Grimm

H
• Ed Helms

I
• Burl Ives

J
• Rian Johnson

L
• Larry Lalonde

• John Lennon

M
• Taj Mahal

• Barbara Mandrell

• Winston Marshall

• Steve Martin

• Bill Mumy

O
• Martin O'Malley

• Donny Osmond

S
• George Segal

• Taylor Swift

T
• Peter Tork

V
• Jerry Van Dyke

W
• Stephen Welch

• Hank Williams III

• Maury Wills

Y
• Neil Young

title: List of banjo players


text:
Katla (volcano)

Katla is an active volcano in southern Iceland. This volcano has been very active historically with at least twenty documented major eruptions since 2920 BC. In its recent history though, Katla has been less active as the last major eruption occurred in 1918. These eruptions have had a Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) of between 4 and 5 on a scale of 0 to 8. In comparison, the Eyjafjallajökull 2010 eruption had a VEI of 4. Larger VEI-5 eruptions are comparable to Mount St. Helens 1980 eruption. These eruptions have produced very large glacial outburst floods. Several smaller (minor) events measuring VEI-1 and below have occurred since.

Katla is one of the largest volcanic sources of carbon dioxide (CO2) on Earth, accounting for up to 4% of total global volcanic carbon dioxide emissions.

Geography and physical appearances
Katla is one of the largest volcanoes in Iceland. It is situated to the north of Vík í Mýrdal and to the east of the smaller glacier Eyjafjallajökull. Its peak reaches 1512 m and is partially covered by the Mýrdalsjökull glacier. The system has an area of 595 km2. The Eldgjá canyon is part of the same volcanic system, and extends as a fissure swarm to the north-east. The lavas from this eruption in 939 to 940 almost reach the south eastern coast, although are partially buried.

The caldera of the Katla volcano has a diameter of 10 km and is covered with 200 – of ice. The volcano normally erupts every 40–80 years. The flood discharge at the peak of an eruption in 1755 has been estimated at 200,000–400,000 m3/s (7.1–14.1 million cu ft/sec), comparable to the combined average discharge of the Amazon, Mississippi, Nile, and Yangtze rivers (about 266,000 m3/s (9.4 million cu ft/sec)).

Etymology
The name Katla derives from the word ketill ("kettle"), referring to the form of the volcano. Katla is also used as a female first name.

Historic activity
At least twenty-eight eruptions with a known VEI have been recorded for Katla since 2920 BC. Only two people are known to have died because of events directly associated with one of these eruptions in 1755. The 1918 eruption of Katla started on the late afternoon of the 12 October 1918 and lasted for 24 days, with the first day having the most dangerous events, including an extremely large flood with peak flow of 300000 m3/s. It has been graded a VEI 4 level eruption. The 1918 eruption resulted in extending the southern coast by 4 km due to laharic flood deposits.

Most of these eruptions resulted in glacial floods (jökulhlaups). Some have been associated with catastrophic flooding which results from peak discharges of more than 100000 m3/s, which is ten to a hundred times the size of most jökulhlaups. Apart from the 1755 and 1918 eruptions already mentioned in this regard, both of which like the majority of large floods drained onto the Mýrdalssandur plain to the volcanoes south-east, an eruption in 822 drained from the north-east aspect of the caldera down the Markarfljót river flood plain to the mountain's south-west covering an area of 600 km2. This is a convoluted route that outputs on to a large flood plain, the Markarfljótsaurar. Before the Hringvegur (Iceland's Ring Road) was constructed in 1974, people feared traversing the plains in front of the volcano because of the frequent jökulhlaup (or glacier bursts) and the deep river crossings.

Recent activity
Katla has been showing signs of unrest since 1999, and geologists have concerns that it might erupt in the near future. The volcanoes present dormancy is among the longest in its known history. Particularly, monitoring has been intensified following the March 2010 eruptions of a smaller neighbouring volcano, the Eyjafjallajökull glacier. The eruption of this nearby long-dormant volcano in March and April 2010 prompted fears among some geophysicists that it might trigger an eruption at the larger and more dangerous Katla. In the past 1,000 years, all three known eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull have triggered subsequent Katla eruptions.

Following the 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruptions, on 20 April 2010 Icelandic President Ólafur Grímsson said "the time for Katla to erupt is coming close ... we [Iceland] have prepared ... it is high time for European governments and airline authorities all over Europe and the world to start planning for the eventual Katla eruption".

Increased earthquake activity had been noticed on Katla since the eruption at Eyjafjallajökull, but no other signs of an imminent eruption were observed. These quakes are located mainly on the northwestern rim of the caldera. On 9 October 2010, a sudden rise in harmonic tremor was observed in the stations around Katla, but although a sign of a possible impending eruption, none occurred.

2011 activity
In 2011, geologic activity led many to speculate that a very small subglacial eruption had taken place. In June 2011, harmonic tremor was again detected at Katla volcano. A few days later, an earthquake swarm took place in the caldera, indicating magma movement inside the volcano, leading to increased fears of an eruption in the near future.

On 8 and 9 July, another spike in harmonic tremors occurred, as a small eruption of Katla took place. Cracks formed on the glacier, as well as a cauldron. Icelandic media reported a small subglacial eruption might have started. On the morning of 9 July, a glacier flood was reported in the river Múlakvísl, and also later in the river Skálm. The bridge across Múlakvísl was destroyed as well as other parts of the road, Route 1, on the Icelandic ring road. Helicopter pilots flying over the glacier also reported cracks in the glacier. Scientists monitoring the activity said speculation that it was caused by a "very small" subglacial eruption lacked confirmation by visual or seismic evidence.

2016 and 2017 activity
Tremors were detected under Katla in late August 2016.

A "Specialist Description" describing the activity on 29 August 2016 noted that there was:"... a seismic swarm in Mýrdalsjökull on the 29th of August with two events in the northern Katla caldera rim measured at magnitude 4.5. These are the biggest earthquakes in Katla volcano since 1977. Earthquake eruption checks confirmed that most earthquakes occurred between 0:40 and 1:50 PM. The big earthquakes were about thirty seconds apart at 1:47. They were followed by more than 50 aftershocks until 15:12 PM, when there was an earthquake of magnitude 3.3 and then the cycle and seismic activity in the region reduced again. No unrest was measured along these earthquakes. The geothermal has decreased in the following week and is now negligible."

An update written at 11 Sep 16:38 GMT reported:"Today, shortly before 14:00, a small earthquake swarm began in Mýrdalsjökull. The largest earthquakes of the swarm were of magnitude 3.3 and 3.0 at 16:12 and 15:57. More than 10 smaller earthquakes were detected in the swarm. All of the earthquakes were shallow and located in the caldera of Katla volcano. It is not unusual for seismic swarms of this type to occur in this area."

In February 2017, seismic activity at the volcano continued.

Other activity
As well as eruptions Katla is host to geothermal systems and these contribute to many of the smaller jökulhlaups from the mountain. Jökulhlaup triggering at Mýrdalsjökull may result from geothermal processes, and ice dams and their sudden removal by floating of the ice above a lake of melt water. Some eruptions could be secondary to the removal of overpressure by a jökulhlaup. There are currently at least 20 ice cauldrons known related to the geothermal areas within the caldera. These are often manifest as depressions in the ice cap rather than full thickness to the underlying rock cauldrons and have variable activity. Geothermal waters with a high volcanic mineral and gas content are produced and can result in both gas and water pollution.

Risks
The area of the volcano contributes to the most serious natural hazard area of Iceland. The most likely large eruption had in 2019 a 89% probability of occurring within 30 years and would likely be associated with tephra production of about 1.5 km3 which can be compared with the 0.25 km3 that disrupted air travel from the second phase of the 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull. It is most likely to occur in the months June to September, and be associated with a jökulhlaup flowing from Kotlujökull an outlet glacier to the south-east, over Mýrdalssandur to the sea where it could affect the town of Vík í Mýrdal. The 1755 and 1918 eruptions show that lightening and tephra fall are perceived as dangerous by humans in the immediate vicinity of a large eruption and have influenced jökulhlaup evacuation planning.

Monitoring
Because of such risks the volcano is intensively monitored. The Icelandic Meteorological Office updates its website with reports of quakes both at Eyjafjallajökull and Katla. Continuous monitoring includes for seismic flood tremor, water gauges and water conductivity given the flood risk. The ice cauldrons of Mýrdalsjökull are also monitored.

Folklore
In folklore, the witch named Katla is held responsible for causing the jökulhlaup (outburst) of the Mýrdalsjökull glacier over the volcano; these events are dubbed Kötluhlaup (or "Katla's eruption" ). The folktale recorded by Jón Árnason in 1862 probably dates much older since it is set in the time of the, the Catholic monastery abolished c. 1550.

The short folktale entitled "Katla eða Kötlugjá" can be summarized as follows: In the pre-Reformation days when the Þykkvibær monastery was installed with an abbot, they had a cranky housekeeper there named Katla, well versed in (ancient) magic, instilling fear in others. She owned a magical pair of breeches (, 'trousers'), which allowed its wearer to run endlessly without fatigue, but herself reserved its use for an emergency. One day in autumn, the abbot's shepherd Barði has trouble rounding up the sheep before master and the housekeep return from a banquet, and he borrows the breeches to retrieve the stray. Katla discovers the transgression and ambushes him, drowning him in a vat of sour whey (sýru). But as winter wore on, the whey began to dwindle and Katla was heard muttering "Barði will soon appear". Realizing the discovery of her crime and punishment was imminent, she put on her breeches and disappeared to the northwest, presumably diving straight into the glacier. Right afterwards a glacial outburst (jökulhlaup) occurred that rushed towards the monastery and.

Other geologic features such as Kötlugja ('Katla's gorge') and the surrounding area made desolate, named Kötlusandur also bear names alluding to the Katla folklore.

In popular culture
Katla is the subject of Katla, an Icelandic TV series produced for Netflix.

title: Katla (volcano)


text:
Talk:Cyd Ho

Untitled
Recent edits added unnecessary HTML, redundant links, changed direct links to redirs, removed interwiki links, removed an image, etc., so I reverted. Niteowlneils 22:43, 24 Oct 2004 (UTC)

There are seven transliteration of her name in Chinese. Isn't that too redundant already? I would like to reduce them to only two. --Starryboy 13:55, 2 August 2005 (UTC)

I've done some major reworking of this page - hopefully it looks like a proper wikipedia entry now. It would be nice if someone could add some more of her background. Jsw663 18:17, 29 May 2006 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Cyd Ho


text:
Jewett

Jewett may refer to:

United States

 * Jewett House, a dormitory of Vassar College

 * Jewett, Illinois
 * Jewett, Minnesota
 * Jewett, Missouri
 * Jewett, New York
 * Jewett, Ohio
 * Jewett, Texas
 * Jewett, Wisconsin
 * Jewett City, Connecticut

Other uses

 * Jewett (surname)
 * Jewett staging system, a system for describing the state of prostate cancer
 * Jewett (automobile), the name of an automobile manufactured by the Paige-Detroit Motor Car Company from 1923 to 1926
 * Jewett Car Company, an Ohio manufacturer of street cars

title: Jewett