text:
Khaosan Road

Khaosan Road or Khao San Road (ถนนข้าวสาร,, ) is a short, 410. m long street in central Bangkok, Thailand constructed in 1892 during the reign of Rama V. It is in the Bang Lamphu area of Phra Nakhon District about 1 km north of the Grand Palace and Wat Phra Kaew.

Background
"Khaosan" translates as 'milled rice', an indication that in former times the street was a major Bangkok rice market. In the last 40 years, however, Khaosan Road has developed into a world-famous "backpacker ghetto". It offers cheap accommodation, ranging from "mattress in a box"-style hotels to reasonably priced three-star hotels. In an essay on the backpacker culture of Khaosan Road, Susan Orlean called it "the place to disappear." According to the Khao San Business Association, the road sees 40,000–50,000 tourists per day in the high season, and 20,000 per day in the low season.

Visitors to Khao San Road are diverse:

"In this small area one can observe the interactions and groupings of disparate characters such as un-educated young Westerners on extended leave from affluent society, high school graduates on gap year travels, Israelis fresh out of military service, university students on holiday or sabbatical leave, young Japanese in rite-of-passage attire, ordinary holidaymakers, (ex-) volunteers from various organizations, and the like."

It is also a base of travel: coaches leave daily for all major tourist destinations in Thailand, from Chiang Mai in the north to Ko Pha-ngan in the south, and there are many relatively inexpensive travel agents who can arrange visas and transportation to the neighbouring countries of Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, and Vietnam.

Khaosan shops sell handicrafts, paintings, clothes, local fruits, unlicensed CDs, DVDs, a wide range of fake IDs, used books, and other useful backpacker items. After dark, bars open, music is played, food hawkers sell barbecued insects and other exotic snacks for tourists, and touts promote ping pong shows.

The area is internationally known as a center of dancing, partying, and just prior to the traditional Thai New Year (Songkran festival) of 13–15 April, water splashing that usually turns into a huge water fight. One Thai writer has described Khaosan as "...a short road that has the longest dream in the world".

A Buddhist temple under royal patronage, the centuries-old Wat Chana Songkram, is directly opposite Khaosan Road to the west, while the area to the northwest contains an Islamic community and several small mosques.

History
In July 2018, the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA), in an attempt to clean up Khaosan Road, announced that street vendors would be removed from the thoroughfare from 1 August 2018. The BMA intends to move them to a nearby area and restrict their trading hours to 18:00 to midnight. The Khaosan Street Vendors Association, representing some 300 vendors, rejected the move, citing financial ruin for vendors. Last-minute negotiations between the BMA and vendors proved fruitless as neither side has been willing to compromise. Khaosan vendors announced that, in defiance of BMA order, they will open as usual on 1 August. On the first day of the ban on stalls, roughly 70 percent of the vendors opened as usual in defiance of the police.

2019 facelift
The BMA announced in 2019 that it will commit 48.8 million baht to transform Khaosan Road into an "international walking street". The US$1.6 million project, the first makeover of the road since its creation in 1892, will commence in October 2019, continue through the tourist high-season, and be completed by February 2020. The project will repave footpaths and create designated 1.5 m x 2 m spaces for 240–360 licensed Thai vendors drawn by lot. Vehicles will be prohibited on Khaosan Road from 09:00–21:00 daily.

title: Khaosan Road


text:
Alcohol dependence

Alcohol dependence is a previous (DSM-IV and ICD-10) psychiatric diagnosis in which an individual is physically or psychologically dependent upon alcohol (also chemically known as ethanol).

In 2013, it was reclassified as alcohol use disorder in DSM-5, which combined alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse into this diagnosis.

DSM: Alcohol dependence
According to the DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence, at least three out of seven of the following criteria must be manifest during a 12-month period:
 * Tolerance
 * Withdrawal symptoms or clinically defined alcohol withdrawal syndrome
 * Use in larger amounts or for longer periods than intended
 * Persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down on alcohol use
 * Time is spent obtaining alcohol or recovering from effects
 * Social, occupational and recreational pursuits are given up or reduced because of alcohol use
 * Use is continued despite knowledge of alcohol-related harm (physical or psychological)

Other alcohol-related disorders
Because only 3 of the 7 DSM-IV criteria for alcohol dependence are required, not all patients meet the same criteria and therefore not all have the same symptoms and problems related to drinking. Not everyone with alcohol dependence, therefore, experiences physiological dependence. Alcohol dependence is differentiated from alcohol abuse by the presence of symptoms such as tolerance and withdrawal. Both alcohol dependence and alcohol abuse are sometimes referred to by the less specific term alcoholism. However, many definitions of alcoholism exist, and only some are compatible with alcohol abuse. There are two major differences between alcohol dependence and alcoholism as generally accepted by the medical community.

 * 1) Alcohol dependence refers to an entity in which only alcohol is the involved addictive agent. Alcoholism refers to an entity in which alcohol or any cross-tolerant addictive agent is involved.
 * 2) In alcohol dependence, reduction of alcohol, as defined within DSM-IV, can be attained by learning to control the use of alcohol. That is, a client can be offered a social learning approach that helps them to 'cope' with external pressures by re-learning their pattern of drinking alcohol. In alcoholism, patients are generally not presumed to be 'in remission' unless they are abstinent from alcohol.

The following elements are the template for which the degree of dependence is judged:

 * 1) Narrowing of the drinking repertoire.
 * 2) Increased salience of the need for alcohol over competing needs and responsibilities.
 * 3) An acquired tolerance to alcohol.
 * 4) Withdrawal symptoms.
 * 5) Relief or avoidance of withdrawal symptoms by further drinking.
 * 6) Subjective awareness of compulsion to drink.
 * 7) Reinstatement after abstinence.

Screening
AUDIT has replaced older screening tools such as CAGE but there are many shorter alcohol screening tools, mostly derived from the AUDIT. The Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SAD-Q) is a more specific twenty-item inventory for assessing the presence and severity of alcohol dependence.

AUDIT
The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) is considered the most accurate alcohol screening tool for identifying potential alcohol misuse, including dependence. It was developed by the World Health Organisation, designed initially for use in primary healthcare settings with supporting guidance.

CAGE
The CAGE questionnaire, the name of which is an acronym of its four questions, is a widely used method of screening for alcohol dependence.

 * Online version of the CAGE questionnaire

SADQ
The Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SADQ or SAD-Q) is a 20 item clinical screening tool designed to measure the presence and level of alcohol dependence.

Withdrawal
Withdrawals from alcohol dependence is a common side effect that occurs when a person with the dependency stops drinking abruptly or even cuts back on their drinking after a prolonged period of indulgence. Withdrawal from alcohol dependence can vary from mild, moderate to severe, depending on several factors such as: how long the person has been drinking, whether they are a binge drinker, whether they relapse chronically, and how much they drink daily. All these factors can vary from one person to the next depending on psychological, environmental, and biological factors. Some common withdrawal side effects are as listed:

Mild

 * Nausea
 * Vomiting
 * Rapid heartbeat
 * Elevated blood pressure
 * Fatigue
 * Body aches / tremors
 * Anxiety / Irritability / Depression
 * Fuzzy brain
 * Issues with sleeping

Severe

 * Vomiting
 * Hypertensive crisis
 * Seizures / Tremors
 * Delusions / Hallucinations
 * Dehydration
 * Fever
 * Chills / Shakes
 * Extreme mood lability
 * Mental pandemonium
 * Little to no appetite

The spectrum of alcohol withdrawal symptoms range from such minor symptoms as insomnia and tremulousness to severe complications such as withdrawal seizures and delirium tremens. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome can be very tricky to diagnose, due to other preliminary conditions that may exist from individual to individual.

Treatment
Treatments for alcohol dependence can be separated into two groups, those directed towards severely alcohol-dependent people, and those focused for those at risk of becoming dependent on alcohol. Treatment for alcohol dependence often involves utilizing relapse prevention, support groups, psychotherapy, and setting short-term goals. The Twelve-Step Program is also a popular faith-based process used by those wishing to recover from alcohol dependence.

The ultimate goal when it comes to treating alcohol dependence or as the DSM-5 now calls it alcohol use disorder, is to help with establishing abstinence from drinking. There are several other benefits that come along with treatment. For some, it is reconnecting with themselves and obtaining self-esteem and confidence, a healthier lifestyle (physically and mentally), creating new relationships with other like-minded people as well as rekindling or mending old relationships if possible. The treatment process consists typically of two parts short-term and long-term. First, there is the path to abstinence and/or recovery. There are several reasons why someone with alcohol use disorder or alcohol dependency would seek treatment. This can either be a personal reason or because of law enforcement. There is a series of different levels of treatment processes depending on the severity subtype. Some would or could benefit from medication treatment with psychosocial treatment, while others could just benefit from psychosocial treatment. Listed below are some different types of treatments that are used with treating alcohol dependency/alcohol use disorder depending on several factors that vary from person to person. Types of treatments:

 * Withdrawals (no medication aid needed)
 * Withdrawals (depending on severity of symptoms, could be accompanied with supervision by medical personal and medication)
 * Psychosocial treatment (counseling, CBT, psychoeducation, assertive community treatment)
 * Alcoholics Anonymous
 * Inpatient or outpatient programs
 * Social services (case management)
 * Al-Anon/Alateen
 * Acceptance and mindfulness-based interventions

Acceptance and mindfulness-based interventions show evidence of efficacy in being used to target Alcohol Use Disorder. These types of interventions are often most effectively delivered in group settings, however, they are also proven effective in individual therapy contexts. Overall, this is crucial in helping individuals who are dependent on alcohol because it raises awareness, provides a non-judgemental environment for people to express their thoughts, and allows individuals to be heard and accepted in the present moment.

Epidemiology
About 12% of American adults have had an alcohol dependence problem at some time in their life. In the UK the NHS estimates that around 9% of men and 4% of UK women show signs of alcohol dependence.

Genetic factors
A 2015 study found that alcohol dependency may have genetic risk factors. Linkage disequilibrium between an AD-associated GABA receptor gene cluster, GABRB3/GABRG3, and eye color genes, OCA2/HERC2, as well as between AD-associated GRM5 and pigmentation-associated TYR, were all associated with alcohol dependency. GABA downregulation may decrease sensitivity to the toxic effects of alcohol, leading to increased alcohol consumption in blue-eyed individuals.

History
The term 'alcohol dependence' has replaced 'alcoholism' as a term in order that individuals do not internalize the idea of cure and disease, but can approach alcohol as a chemical they may depend upon to cope with outside pressures.

The contemporary definition of alcohol dependence is still based upon early research. There has been considerable scientific effort over the past several decades to identify and understand the core features of alcohol dependence. This work began in 1976, when the British psychiatrist Griffith Edwards and his American colleague Milton M. Gross collaborated to produce a formulation of what had previously been understood as 'alcoholism' – the alcohol dependence syndrome.

The alcohol dependence syndrome was seen as a cluster of seven elements that concur. It was argued that not all elements may be present in every case, but the picture is sufficiently regular and coherent to permit clinical recognition. The syndrome was also considered to exist in degrees of severity rather than as a categorical absolute. Thus, the proper question is not 'whether a person is dependent on alcohol', but 'how far along the path of dependence has a person progressed'.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Alcohol dependence


text:
User talk:Mark T

Thanks for the spelling correction on Amphistaff. I created that article @ 2 AM, so I was a little tired.

 * JediMaster16 23:25, 29 May 2004 (UTC)

TY for adding those links to my Dynegy article...I'm not sufficiently experienced with Wikipedia to be able to do that yet to any useful degree...

-WGW 11/24/04

CEO lists merged
I've merged list of chief executive officers (CEOs) into list of chief executive officers. jareha 22:32, 9 November 2005 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
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title: User talk:Mark T


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User talk:MelisCSA85

MelisCSA85 welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Drop us a note at New user log so we can meet you and help you get started.

If you need editing help, visit How to edit a page. For format questions, visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Dunc Harris | Talk 23:28, 29 May 2004 (UTC)

Next tip, in the Wiki namespace, my username is User:duncharris though I might write it as Dunc Harris which displays as Dunc Harris i.e. the second half of the code.

You can sign your name by putting four tildas at the end of a message, as in ~ ; that is considered polite, because it's a pain in the arse looking at the history page to see who wrote what. :)

right. re: Haylie Duff, the article there is pretty slim and should probably be a stub article. James whatsisname will probably have his entry in due course, inclusion vs not inclusion is a fine line to tread, but what was bad about your article on him was that it wasn't NPOV, not that a POV version can be written, but it's not really Wikipedia's aims to completely copy the IMDb Dunc Harris | Talk 23:47, 29 May 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:MelisCSA85


text:
Talk:FK Sarajevo

External links modified
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Football kit 2021/2022
It would be wonderful if someone could creat this season’s club kit seeing I don’t know how it’s done. Possibly the user that created last season’s kit. PeppermintSA (talk) 01:37, 27 July 2021 (UTC)

Svaka čast!
Svaka čast na dresovima FKS! Ako uskoro dođe Adidas kako je najavljeno, napravi ih ako nije frka. Nije od naših, uključujući mene, ne zna kako da ih napravi. PeppermintSA (talk) 17:58, 1 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:FK Sarajevo


text:
User:MelisCSA85

MelisCSA85

title: User:MelisCSA85


text:
Bad Girls

Bad Girls may refer to:

Film and television

 * Bad Girls, 1981 pornographic film in the XRCO Hall of Fame
 * Bad Girls (1994 film), film by Jonathan Kaplan
 * "Bad Girls" (Buffy the Vampire Slayer), 1999 episode of the TV show Buffy the Vampire Slayer
 * Bad Girls (TV series), British television series (1999–2006)
 * Bad Girls: The Musical, 2007 British West End musical based on the TV series
 * Bad Girls (2007 film), Mexican film
 * Bad Girls (2012 film), Taiwanese romantic-comedy

Albums

 * Bad Girls (Donna Summer album), 1979
 * Bad Girls Tour, a 1979 concert tour by Donna Summer in support of the album
 * Bad Girls (Mónica Naranjo album), 2002
 * Bad Girls, a 2015 EP by MKTO

Songs

 * "Bad Girls" (Donna Summer song), 1979
 * "Bad Girls" (M.I.A. song), 2010
 * "Bad Girls" (MKTO song), 2015
 * "Bad Girls", a 2010 song by DJ Kay Slay from the album, More Than Just a DJ
 * "Bad Girls", a 1983 song by Don Felder from the album, Airborne
 * "Bad Girls", a 2001 song by Westlife from the album, World of Our Own
 * "Bad Girls", a 2006 song by Vanilla Ninja from the album, Love Is War
 * "Bad Girls", a 2010 song by Doda from the album, 7 pokus głównych
 * "Bad Girls", a 2012 song by Solange from the EP, True
 * "Bad Girls", a 2013 song by Lee Hyori from the album, Monochrome

Literature

 * Bad Girls (Wilson novel), 1996 children's novel by Jacqueline Wilson
 * Bad Girls (Voigt novel), 1997 young-adult novel by Cynthia Voigt
 * Bad Girls, 2005 novel by Alex McAulay
 * Bad Girls, 2003 DC Comics series with covers by Darwyn Cooke
 * B.A.D. Girls, Inc., a superhuman group in Marvel Comics

Other uses

 * Bad Girls (art exhibition), a 1994 exhibition curated by Marcia Tucker

title: Bad Girls


text:
User talk:PontfiexMaximus

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

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title: User talk:PontfiexMaximus


text:
Johnny Burke (lyricist)

John Francis Burke (October 3, 1908 – February 25, 1964) was an American lyricist, successful and prolific between the 1920s and 1950s. His work is considered part of the Great American Songbook.

His song "Swinging on a Star", from the Bing Crosby film Going My Way, won an Academy Award for Best Song in 1944.

Early life
Burke was born in Antioch, California, United States, the son of Mary Agnes (Mungovan), a schoolteacher, and William Earl Burke, a structural engineer. When he was still young, his family moved to Chicago, Illinois, where Burke's father founded a construction business. As a youth, Burke studied piano and drama. He attended Crane College and then the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where he played piano in the orchestra.

After graduating from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1927, Burke joined the Chicago office of the Irving Berlin Publishing Company in 1926 as a pianist and song salesman. He also played piano in dance bands and vaudeville.

Burke and Spina
Irving Berlin Publishing transferred Burke to its New York City office, where he began to write lyrics in collaboration with composer Harold Spina. In 1932, they wrote "Shadows on the Swanee", followed in 1933 by "Annie Doesn't Live Here Anymore", their first big hit for the Guy Lombardo Orchestra. In 1934, Burke and Spina wrote "You're Not the Only Oyster in the Stew", which was a novelty hit for Fats Waller, as was "My Very Good Friend, the Milkman". Burke and Spina wrote many songs that were played by leading bands of the day, including those led by Ben Pollack, Paul Whiteman and Ozzie Nelson. The Burke - Spina partnership ended in 1936 when Burke left for Hollywood.

Burke in Hollywood
Burke's first partner in Hollywood was Arthur Johnston. He then worked with Jimmy Monaco, but he was to make his mark in collaboration with Jimmy Van Heusen. The team of Burke and Van Heusen turned out some of the great hit tunes of the 1940s. Burke signed a contract with Paramount in 1939, and spent his entire career with the same studio. Burke's primary function as a lyricist was working on the films of Bing Crosby. Of the 41 films on which he worked, 25 starred Bing Crosby. Seventeen songs were substantial hits, including "Pennies from Heaven", "I've Got a Pocketful of Dreams", "Only Forever", "Moonlight Becomes You" and "Sunday, Monday, or Always".

Another Burke-Van Heusen song that Crosby recorded was "Sunshine Cake", which Crosby also sang with Clarence Muse and Coleen Gray in Frank Capra's 1950 Paramount film Riding High. The song was also recorded by Peggy Lee, Jo Stafford and Dick Haymes, and later Tiny Tim. Other Burke-Van Heusen songs Crosby performed in Riding High included "A Sure Thing", "Someplace on Anywhere Road", and "The Horse Told Me".

Other works
In 1939, Burke wrote the lyrics for "Scatterbrain", with music by Frankie Masters and "What's New?" with Bob Haggart. In 1955, Burke added lyrics to a standard by jazz pianist Erroll Garner entitled "Misty". Burke also wrote the words and music to the Nat King Cole song "If Love Ain't There".

The film The Vagabond King (1956) was Burke's last Hollywood work. In 1961, Burke both composed the music and wrote the lyrics for the Broadway musical Donnybrook!, which was based on the 1952 film The Quiet Man. The show opened May 18, ran for 68 performances (plus two previews), and closed on July 15.

Death
In February 1964, Burke died in New York City from a heart attack at the age of 55.

Awards and honors
Burke and Van Heusen's song "Swinging on a Star", from the Bing Crosby film Going My Way, won an Academy Award for Best Song in 1944, one of seven Academy Awards won by the film. Burke was posthumously inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1970.

In 1995, Burke's life was depicted in the Broadway musical revue, "Swinging on a Star".

Personal life
Burke was married four times. He was married to Mary Mason in the 1960s, who played Liesl in The Sound of Music on Broadway. He was married to Bess Patterson from 1939 to 1955; the marriage produced three children.

Discography
Among the landmarks of Burke's songwriting career were:

 * with Harold Spina:
 * "Annie Doesn't Live Here Anymore"
 * "You're Not the Only Oyster in the Stew"
 * "My Very Good Friend, the Milkman"
 * "Shadows on the Swanee"
 * "The Beat of My Heart"
 * "Now You've Got Me Doing It"
 * "I've Got a Warm Spot in My Heart for You"
 * with Arthur Johnston:
 * "Pennies from Heaven"
 * "One Two, Button Your Shoe"
 * "Double or Nothing"
 * "The Moon Got in My Eyes"
 * "All You Want to Do Is Dance"
 * with Jimmy Monaco:
 * "Only Forever"
 * "I've Got a Pocketful of Dreams"
 * "Don't Let That Moon Get Away"
 * "An Apple for the Teacher"
 * "On the Sentimental Side"
 * "My Heart Is Taking Lessons"
 * "Scatterbrain"
 * "That Sly Old Gentleman from Featherbed Lane"
 * "Sing a Song of Sunbeams"
 * "East Side of Heaven"
 * "Too Romantic"
 * "Sweet Potato Piper"
 * "Where the Turf Meets the Surf" (with Bing Crosby)
 * with Jimmy Van Heusen:
 * "Polka Dots and Moonbeams"
 * "Imagination"
 * "Moonlight Becomes You"
 * "Sunday, Monday, or Always"
 * "Going My Way"
 * "Swinging on a Star"
 * "It Could Happen to You"
 * "And His Rockin' Horse Ran Away"
 * "The First One Hundred Years"
 * "But Beautiful"
 * "Apalachicola, Fla"
 * "Here's That Rainy Day" (from the Broadway musical Carnival in Flanders)
 * "It's an Old Spanish Custom" (from Carnival In Flanders)
 * "Oh, You Crazy Moon"
 * "To See You Is to Love You"
 * "Suddenly It's Spring"
 * "Like Someone in Love"
 * "(We're Off on the) Road to Morocco"
 * "You May Not Love Me"
 * "It's Always You"
 * "A Friend Of Yours"
 * "Personality"
 * "Life Is So Peculiar"

title: Johnny Burke (lyricist)


text:
Talk:Richard Dedekind

Fix request
This sentence is incomprehensible. Can someone fix it?

"We can easily see that for arbitrary whole numbers m and n and if for their such 'classes' 'class' (m) is part of 'class' of (n) (we write then as (m)/(n)) only and only then if m divide n. " —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 144.132.24.212 (talk • contribs) 00:32, 30 May 2004 (UTC)

An ideal doen't aply to specific numbers. It is a set of numbers. Specifically, if R is a ring and I a nonempty subset of R than I is an ideal if: I is a group under the additive operation of R, and given any element of R, say r, and any element of I, say a, then ra is in present in I and ar is present in I.

This means that if you take any ring and then take any set of elements in R that is a group by itself and obey all of the laws of normal addition (e.g. a+b=b+a, a+0=a) then that set is an Ideal if any element of R can be multiplied on the left and on the right of any elemnt of I and the result is in I i.e. a*r and r*a both equal an element in I, but not always the same element. In fact usually they are not equal. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 63.226.178.47 (talk • contribs) 19:31, 10 December 2005 (UTC)

 * That sentence is indeed incomprehensible and I have simply eliminated it from the entry. Wikipedia's mathematical entries are in good hands, and that holds for the entries ideal and ideal number. Hence I feel no compelling need to explain these concepts carefully here, but others are free to dissent.

 * I have rewritten this entry, adding links and references, simply because it, like all too many Wikipedia biographical entries for mathematicians and philosophers, was a shabby affair. I think what I have done here is largely a matter of polish, detail, and organization, with one exception. The entry used to attribute Dedekind's notion of ideal to his Theory of Algebraic Integers, when MacTutor attributes ideals to the 3rd ed. of the Dirichlet lectures. I have gone with MacTutor; correct me if I'm wrong.

 * I have a hunch that anyone wishing to edit this entry further should first read Stillwell's Intro to his 1996 translation to the Theory of Algebraic Integers. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 202.36.179.65 (talk • contribs) 19:44, 19 February 2006 (UTC)

He lived most of his life?
He was born, lived most of his life, and died in Braunschweig (often called "Brunswick" in English).

 * What part of his life didn't he live? --Ihope127 23:01, 8 September 2006 (UTC)

 * Are you serious? > (He was born, lived most of his life, and died) in Braunschweig. --euyyn (talk) 23:11, 5 March 2008 (UTC)

Dedekind's definition of an infinite set
In the article you write "This[clarification needed] is known as Dedekind's theorem.[citation needed]". It should say: "This is known as the concept of Dedekind-infinite set; it appears originally in section 5 of Was sind und was sollen die Zahlen?"

As for Hawking, unfortunately he is wrong, Dedekind was the first to employ that definition -- he even mentions in a footnote that he presented it to Cantor in sept. 1882. See e.g. J. Ferreiros, "Labyrinth of Thought" (Birkhäuser, 1999) on this and related issues. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.137.219.152 (talk) 15:48, 10 December 2012 (UTC)

This artical claims that Dedekind thought a set was infinite if
 * He invoked similarity to give the first precise definition of an infinite set: a set is infinite when it is "similar to a proper part of itself,"

Wasn't that Cantor? According to Stephen Hawking's book "God Created the Integers" he claims "Dedekind took the natural numbers as the paradigm example of an infinite set and defined a set as infinite if the natural numbers could be put into a one-to-one correspondence with that set, or a subset of it. ... Cantor ... defined a set as being infinite if it could be put into a one-to-one correspondence with a proper subset of itself." Boyton 06:39, 5 November 2006 (UTC)

Life
This section is a copy-and-paste of Eric Temple Bell's book Men of Mathematics. Since Bell died in 1960, I imagine that this book is not in public domain. Albmont (talk) 18:02, 31 March 2011 (UTC)
 * It is not; copyright was renewed in 1965 . Thanks for pointing this out; I believe I have taken care of the paraphrasing. --Moonriddengirl (talk) 00:50, 11 April 2011 (UTC)
 * Bell is notoriously unreliable and should not under any circumstances be used as a source of biographical information. The whole section should be checked in detail and referenced to reliable sources. —Psychonaut (talk) 15:21, 5 March 2014 (UTC)

Dedekind's theorem
This is known as Dedekind's theorem.

Please, does someone have any idea about this ? Anne, October 2012
 * ✅: The second tag was removed in August 2013 and the first one in October 2013. Finally, in February 2021, this sentence was completely replaced. Anne, April 2022

title: Talk:Richard Dedekind


text:
Jack Rosenthal

Jack Morris Rosenthal (8 September 1931 – 29 May 2004) was an English playwright. He wrote 129 early episodes of the ITV soap opera Coronation Street and over 150 screenplays, including original television plays, feature films, and adaptations.

Early life
Jack Morris Rosenthal was born in a Jewish family on 8 September 1931, in Cheetham Hill, Manchester. He was the younger of two sons to father Sam, a raincoat factory worker, and mother Leah (née Miller) Rosenthal. His parents were married in 1927 in Manchester, and were children of Russian Jewish immigrants.

Rosenthal attended the Manchester Jews School in Derby Street, Cheetham Hill. During the Second World War, he was evacuated to Blackpool, Lancashire with an inhospitable family who censored his letters and confiscated his food parcels. His family subsequently moved to Colne, Lancashire, and Rosenthal attended Colne Grammar School. In 1953, after studying English Literature at Sheffield University, he carried out his national service in the Royal Navy as a Russian translator.

Career
Rosenthal worked briefly in advertising before joining Granada Television in 1956. He earned his first television credit with Granada in 1961, assigned as a writer of episode 31 of what would become Britain's longest-running soap opera, Coronation Street. Rosenthal became a regular writer for the series and, in addition, began writing for other series. During the 1960s, he contributed material for various television comedy shows, including the satirical That Was The Week That Was. At Granada Television, he wrote a Coronation Street spin-off series for the character Leonard Swindley, played by Arthur Lowe, called Pardon the Expression. Rosenthal also created two comedy series, The Dustbinmen and The Lovers, the latter starring Richard Beckinsale and Paula Wilcox. In 1976, he wrote a drama for ITV, Ready When You Are, Mr McGill, which was remade in 2003.

Rosenthal won three BAFTA awards for Bar Mitzvah Boy (about a Jewish boy's bar mitzvah), The Evacuees (based on his own war-time evacuation) and Spend, Spend, Spend (about the football pools winner, Viv Nicholson, directed by John Goldschmidt). He also wrote The Knowledge, a film about London taxi-drivers which has become a classic for cabbies-in-training. He wrote the 1986 television film London's Burning for London Weekend Television, which proved so successful that it was adapted into a television series of the same name, which ran from 1988 until 2002. Rosenthal adapted the novel The Devil's Lieutenant for director John Goldschmidt as a mini-series for Channel 4 and ZDF. He also wrote the screenplay for the 1998 Captain Jack (based on a true story) for Goldschmidt as producer.

In 1983, Rosenthal co-wrote the film Yentl with Barbra Streisand. He also did uncredited work on the screenplay of Chicken Run, and wrote the book for the musical version of Bar Mitzvah Boy, with music by Jule Styne.

Personal life and death
On 23 February 1964, Rosenthal married model Catherine Ward in Blackpool, Lancashire; two years later, the marriage ended in divorce. Rosenthal met actress Maureen Lipman in 1969 in a pub in Manchester while Rosenthal was writing for Coronation Street. He married Lipman on 18 February 1973 in Marylebone, London; they had two children, writers Amy and Adam Rosenthal, and lived in a large house in Muswell Hill, north London.

Rosenthal was a lifelong Manchester United fan, listing his recreations in Who's Who as "checking Manchester United's score, minute by minute, on teletext".

In 2002, Rosenthal was diagnosed with multiple myeloma, a form of blood cancer. He died on 29 May 2004 at the North London Hospice in Barnet, north London, aged 72. He is buried in Golders Green Jewish Cemetery. Rosenthal's estate was valued at £1.3 million; he left a legacy to The Ravenswood Foundation, West London Synagogue, Jewish Care, Manchester Jewish Museum, Nightingale House and the North London Hospice.

Honours
Rosenthal was appointed CBE in 1994, for services to drama. He received four honorary degrees from northern universities including an honorary doctorate from Sheffield University in 1998 and a degree from Manchester Metropolitan University in 2002.

Legacy
Rosenthal's autobiography, By Jack Rosenthal, was published posthumously, and a four-part adaptation by his daughter, titled Jack Rosenthal's Last Act was broadcast on BBC Radio 4 in July 2006, starring Maureen Lipman as herself and Stephen Mangan as Rosenthal.

As part of the regeneration of the First Street district in Manchester, a street was named after him, Jack Rosenthal Street, unveiled by his widow in May 2015, next to HOME, a centre of contemporary art, theatre and film.

Television

 * Coronation Street (1961–1969)
 * Bulldog Breed (1962)
 * Bootsie and Snudge (1963)
 * Pardon the Expression (1965–1966)
 * Mrs Thursday – You Don't Have to Book Buckingham Palace (1966)
 * The Night Before the Morning After (1966)
 * Compensation Alice (1967)
 * Your Name's Not God, It's Edgar (1968)
 * There's a Hole in Your Dustbin, Delilah (1968)
 * The Dustbinmen (1969–1970)
 * The Lovers (1970–1971)
 * Another Sunday and Sweet F.A. (1972)
 * And for My Next Trick (1972)
 * Village Hall (1974)
 * Hot Fat (1974)
 * The Evacuees (1975)
 * Sadie, It's Cold Outside (1975)
 * Ready When You Are, Mr McGill (1976)
 * The Five Pound Orange (1976)
 * Well Thank You, Thursday (1976)
 * Amazing Stories (1976)
 * Matchfit (1976)

 * Bag of Yeast (1976)
 * Bar Mitzvah Boy (1976)
 * Spaghetti Two-Step (1977)
 * Spend, Spend, Spend (1977)
 * The Knowledge (1979)
 * The Devil's Lieutenant (1983)
 * Mrs Capper's Birthday (1985)
 * The Fools on the Hill (1986)
 * London's Burning (1986)
 * Day To Remember (1986)
 * And a Nightingale Sang (1989)
 * About Face (1989–1991)
 * Bye Bye Baby (1992)
 * Wide-Eyed and Legless (1993)
 * Moving Story (1994–1995)
 * Eskimo Day (1996)
 * Cold Enough for Snow (1997)
 * Lucky Jim (2003)
 * Ready When You Are, Mr McGill (2003)

Screenplays

 * The Lucky Star (1980)
 * P'tang, Yang, Kipperbang (1982)
 * Experience Preferred... But Not Essential (1982)
 * Yentl (1983)

 * The Chain (1984)
 * Captain Jack (1999)
 * Chicken Run (2000)

Stage

 * Bar Mitzvah Boy (musical) (1978)
 * Smash! (1981)
 * Dear Anyone (musical) (1983)

 * Our Gracie (1984)
 * Dreyfus (2000)

title: Jack Rosenthal


text:
Sant Cugat

Sant Cugat is Catalan for Saint Cucuphas and may refer to:
 * Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain
 * Sant Cugat Museum
 * Sant Cugat (Barcelona–Vallès Line), a railway station
 * Sant Cugat Sesgarrigues, Spain

title: Sant Cugat


text:
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