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User talk:EuroTom

Hello EuroTom, welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. You might drop them a note at New user log so they can meet you and help you get started.

I saw your contributions to the Votes for deletion page, which is a fun place to start. You might try clicking the "add to this deletion debate" link under the item you want to comment on. That way, your vote stays in chronological order, and reduces the chances there will be an edit conflict.

Have a pleasant evening, Ben Brockert 02:39, May 6, 2004 (UTC)

 * Thanks Ben! I'll probably add myself as a new user once I've sorted out some sort of user page. - EuroTom 13:04, 13 May 2004 (UTC)

I've responded to your edit of homosexuality and morality on the discussion page. I've also restored the commented out section.--Eloquence*

Article Licensing
Hi, I've started a drive to get users to multi-license all of their contributions that they've made to either (1) all U.S. state, county, and city articles or (2) all articles, using the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike (CC-by-sa) v1.0 and v2.0 Licenses or into the public domain if they prefer. The CC-by-sa license is a true free documentation license that is similar to Wikipedia's license, the GFDL, but it allows other projects, such as WikiTravel, to use our articles. Since you are among the top 2000 Wikipedians by edits, I was wondering if you would be willing to multi-license all of your contributions or at minimum those on the geographic articles. Over 90% of people asked have agreed. For More Information:
 * Multi-Licensing FAQ - Lots of questions answered
 * Multi-Licensing Guide
 * Free the Rambot Articles Project

To allow us to track those users who muli-license their contributions, many users copy and paste the " " template into their user page, but there are other options at Template messages/User namespace. The following examples could also copied and pasted into your user page:

 * Option 1
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions, with the exception of my user pages, as described below:

OR
 * Option 2
 * I agree to multi-license all my contributions to any U.S. state, county, or city article as described below:

Or if you wanted to place your work into the public domain, you could replace " " with "  ". If you only prefer using the GFDL, I would like to know that too. Please let me know what you think at my talk page. It's important to know either way so no one keeps asking. -- Ram-Man (comment| talk)

ArbCom elections are now open!
Hi, You appear to be eligible to vote in the current Arbitration Committee election. The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to enact binding solutions for disputes between editors, primarily related to serious behavioural issues that the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the ability to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail. If you wish to participate, you are welcome to review the candidates' statements and submit your choices on the voting page. For the Election committee, MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 22:14, 30 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:EuroTom


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Jennifer Lien

Jennifer Anne Lien (born August 24, 1974) is an American former actress known for playing the alien Kes on the television series Star Trek: Voyager.

Early life
Lien was born on August 24, 1974, in Illinois, the youngest of three children, and joined the Illinois Theatre Center at the age of 13.

In a 1992 interview, she said: "My childhood was wild because I was very uncomfortable living where I lived (the South Side of Chicago). It was very industrial—if you didn't fit in, you got your ass kicked. I was just my own person, and I adopted this really tough skin because I had to if I wanted to survive. A lot of my friends were into drugs, and I saw a lot of them die." In a 1993 interview, she said: "When I was a little kid in Chicago, I always used to pretend I was somebody else. I wrote little plays, I was a tomboy, I hung out with the guys a lot. I never had much interest in hanging out with girls. I was always writing plays or watching movies or reading books, and when I was in seventh grade, I joined the drama club and found that I could fit right in, I could relax, I could do anything I wanted. I began to think I could make a difference, I could make people happy. I felt like I made the world just a little better for a while. Then, on the advice of an eighth grade teacher, I went to acting class, and then got an agent. I did industrial films and some theatre. Soon, casting directors started hiring me and then I got an interview with the people from AW. They liked me, asked me to come to New York, so here I am!"

Career
Lien's first television appearance was in a bubble gum commercial playing twins. Her first appearance on a television series was as a music academy student in a 1990 episode of Brewster Place, starring Oprah Winfrey. The same year she provided her voice for the dubbed English language version of Baby Blood, a French horror film. Lien moved to New York in 1991 after she was cast as Hannah Moore on the soap opera Another World. She attended and graduated from the Professional Children's School while working on this series.

In a 1992 interview, Lien said: "A couple of years ago, I was trying to get an audition for a baseball movie, so I said that I could play baseball. We'd always played a lot while I was growing up, like in the backyard. But when I showed up at the audition, I was faced with these Goliath-like, testosterone women who could really play. I did survive the two days of training and auditions, but I basically pulled every muscle in my body!".

In 1993, Lien was cast as Roanne in Phenom, a sitcom starring Judith Light. She also participated in the recording of Adam Sandler's comedy album They're All Gonna Laugh At You in which she played the part of the Valedictorian on the track "The Buffoon And The Valedictorian", as well as one of the daughters on the track "Oh, mom..."

In 1994, Lien was cast as Kes on Star Trek: Voyager. Her character is an Ocampa, a species in the Star Trek universe that lives for only eight to nine years, who joins the starship's crew after it is stranded 70,000 light-years from Earth.

In the same year, Lien voiced the character Valerie Fox in the pilot episode of The Critic.

Richard Lutz wrote, "The medical personnel in Star Trek best embody the humane values embedded in this franchise; the most notable of which is Kes, thanks in large part to Jennifer Lien whose remarkable performance brought to life a beautiful child-like being (Ocampa) whose short lifespan and humanity reminds us that the most important element in a life worth living is a loving connection with our fellow human beings."

The showrunners reluctantly terminated Lien's contract as a member of Voyager's main cast due to unresolved personal issues that affected her performance. She was replaced by a new character, Seven of Nine, played by Jeri Ryan. In 2000, Lien returned as a guest actor in the episode "Fury".

After Voyager, Lien appeared in the film American History X as Edward Norton's younger sister. In 1998, she appeared in SLC Punk! playing Sandy, the wild girlfriend of Matthew Lillard's character. She also voiced Agent "L" for the first three seasons of Men in Black: The Animated Series (1997–1999) and the first seven episodes of the 2000 season.

Conventions
Lien has attended science fiction conventions in relation to her role as Kes when she was working on Voyager and after her film career ended. In a 1995 interview, she said about these conventions:"The conventions are something within themselves, a unique world. It's a very different experience in that I can talk to other people involved in the world of Star Trek, like authors and actors from other Star Trek shows. I also get to meet people from other SF shows, because they tend to have guests from other series at the conventions I attend. The fans love the conventions, love meeting the people involved in their favorite shows. That makes you want to give them everything you can. I try to tell them what's going on, share my laughter and tell them about the wonderful experience I've been having on Voyager. The feedback is just so positive. The fans seem to really like the show, and that's good. If they have any negative feedback, they give it to me, too, which is fine. They're usually pretty respectful, and they come up with things that are very interesting—positive and negative – and I get sucked into it."

Personal life
Lien is married to writer and filmmaker Phil Hwang; their son, Jonah, was born on September 5, 2002. Upon his birth, Lien retired from acting and voice-over work but was credited as executive producer on her husband's 2008 film Geek Mythology. In August 2010, Lien said she intended to work as a nutritionist after completing her studies.

In a 2000 interview, Lien said that she liked every kind of music, and that she played the trombone, which she started in high school. She said she supported charities helping people with AIDS and had worked with Camp 40, of which she said: "I want to be doing what I can for people who need it."

Legal issues
Between 2015 and 2018, Lien was arrested and charged with a variety of offenses,  several of which were later dropped. The court eventually ordered her to undergo mental health treatment.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Jennifer Lien


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Paper Mache or Papier Maché

The page name Paper Mache or Papier Maché is more than one expression. I have redirected it to Papier-mâché, but the redirect still irks me a bit. The original content was also Copyvio. Delete? -- Chris 73 | Talk 02:40, 6 May 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Existing names are sufficient.  TB 08:22, 6 May 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. --Ben Brockert 01:52, May 9, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete the redirect - who would ever look for anything that phrase? Pteron 00:47, 11 May 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete the redirect JFW | T@lk  10:14, 11 May 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. --217.118.43.92 18:28, 11 May 2004 (UTC)


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Border Down

Border Down is a horizontally scrolling shooter video game developed and published by G.rev. It was released in Japanese arcades in April 2003 on Sega NAOMI hardware, and was ported to the Dreamcast later that year. The story takes place in the future where humans are defending their Mars colony from an invading alien attack. The game employs a "border system" where each stage has three variations of different difficulty. The player starts on the easiest variation, and is lowered to a more difficult variation with each subsequent loss of a life.

Producer Hiroyuki Maruyama was heavily inspired by Taito's shooter Metal Black (1991) and founded G.rev with ex-Taito employees specifically to develop a shooter of his own. The team of five did subcontract work to gather funding and build their skills programming NAOMI arcade hardware. Among the projects they worked on were Treasure's Ikaruga (2001) and Gradius V (2004). Due to lack of funds, they were not able to realize all the ideas they conceptualized for the game. Border Down was released to mixed reception, but was commercially successful and continues to maintain a steady interest from shooter fans. G.rev went on to make other shoot 'em ups including Senko no Ronde and Under Defeat.

Gameplay
Border Down is a side-scrolling shoot 'em up set in a futuristic setting. Centuries after humans have colonized Mars, hostile aliens begin attacking the planet. The Mars defense force mobilizes and launch a new type of unmanned aircraft. The player takes on the role of a pilot, controlling the aircraft through a remote control interface. The game's name is derived from its "border system". Each stage has three parallel variations, or "borders" of varying difficulty. The player starts on the easiest border ("green"), and if they lose a life, drop to "yellow", and then finally the difficult "red" border. If the player loses a life in the red border, it is game over, though a continue option can be unlocked through repeated play. Each border is slightly different from the others, usually featuring other enemies and modified stage layouts and backgrounds. The final stage and ending are determined by the amount of time spent in each border during a playthrough. The Dreamcast version also features a "Remix mode" with new enemy attack patterns.

The ship's main weapon can either be fired as a continuous barrage of bullets by holding down the fire button, or as a set of homing missiles by tapping it. A power meter slowly fills up over time which determines the strength of the ship's weaponry. It can also be boosted by destroying enemies. This meter can also power a secondary laser attack, which has an additional function of canceling out any boss attack, reflecting it back at them. Using the laser comes at a cost, as it drains the meter and therefore weakens the main weapon.

Development
Border Down was developed and published by G.rev, a team founded by producer Hiroyuki Maruyama with the explicit purpose to develop a shoot 'em up. The team consisted of five ex-Taito employees: three programmers, one designer, and Maruyama himself. After founding the company in July 2000, he first needed to build capital and give his team an opportunity to learn the skills and techniques to develop a shooter. They were able to gather most of the funds through producing their first game, Doki Doki Idol Star Seeker (2001), a puzzle game for the Sega's NAOMI arcade board. The remaining amount was accumulated through freelance work, including subcontract work with Treasure on two shooters, Ikaruga (2001) and Gradius V (2004). Ikaruga gave G.rev the key experience of programming for NAOMI hardware.

The initial concept for Border Down took root with Maruyama before he founded G.rev. He was heavily inspired by Taito's shooter Metal Black (1991), specifically the game's "Beam Level" system. He also borrowed ideas from his experiences with producing G-Darius (1997) with Taito, particularly the game's branching level system which inspired the border system in Border Down. With a parallel world system like this, the team would not need to develop as many distinct levels. This was one of the few parts of his original concept that was kept in the final game. For visual inspiration, Maruyama pulled from Kim Stanley Robinson's science fiction novel Red Mars. The music was composed by Yasuhisa Watanabe, who also composed the music to Metal Black and was the only member of the staff who had worked on the 1991 shooter.

The team had to cut a significant amount of material due to lack of funds. In particular Maruyama wanted to flesh out the ending and opening cinematics. They also had plans for more visual flair, including background details and explosion effects, but had to cut about a third of these ideas because of the NAOMI's graphical limitations. They commissioned help for extra sound and design work. In Game One's 2006 French TV documentary Japon: Histoire du Shooting Game, Maruyama said that all he wanted was to make Border Down and would have been happy if G.rev collapsed afterwards.

Release
Border Down was released in Japanese arcades on 25 April 2003. It was common for NAOMI shooters to be ported to Sega's home console, the Dreamcast, making a significant portion of the aging console's extended output. Sega had effectively ceased support for the system in the west by this time, but some support remained in Japan. Although a Dreamcast conversion would seem like an obvious choice with it being a NAOMI game, G.rev spent time considering which console was most suitable for a home port. They decided against the PlayStation 2 because the game would have needed a complete rebuild from the ground up. As for the GameCube, they believed Border Down was not suited for the system's audience. With these factors, along with the ease of porting NAOMI games to the Dreamcast, they chose Sega's home console. According to Edge and Jeuxvideo.com, a fan petition for a Dreamcast port was another factor. The simplicity of the porting process left G.rev with more time to add the Remix mode.

The Dreamcast port was released a few months after the arcade version, on 25 September 2003. If bought through Sega Direct, the game came with a Border Down branded mouse pad. In addition to the standard version, 3000 limited edition copies were produced that came bundled with the soundtrack. The soundtrack contains tracks not included in the original game, and was also sold separately. Maruyama was prepared to fold G.rev if Border Down was not successful, but the number of customer orders at launch exceeded G.rev and Sega's expectations, so they continued producing new copies until they felt demand was met.

Border Down has seen continued interest post-release. A second volume to the soundtrack was released on 13 May 2004 through Sega Direct, containing tracks from the Remix mode and an original track by Watanabe. By 2007, Japanese retailer Messe Sanoh was still seeing demand for the game, and so requested Sega and G.rev for another production run. Their request was granted; a second run was produced and sold exclusively through Messe Sanoh retailers beginning on 17 January 2008. Both production runs included, less than 20,000 copies were sold. It has since become one of the most coveted Japanese exclusives for Dreamcast collectors. In 2011, Maruyama said that he would consider rereleasing Border Down or his 2005 game Under Defeat on modern platforms. Under Defeat was rereleased in 2012 for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360. A resin kit for the player ship from Border Down was released in February 2013.

Reception
Initial reactions to the arcade release were mixed. Maruyama recalled: "It's a really individualistic type of game, so when we first released it [in the arcades] it received both positive and negative reactions". Edge gave the Dreamcast version a 6 out of 10, feeling that the game had all the ingredients to be an outstanding shooter, but lacked the energy to push it to that next level. They explained that Border Down lacked the intensity to frighten players, and felt that good shooters need that type of panic inducing gameplay.

In retrospect, Eurogamer called Border Down "arguably [G.rev's] best game", among the likes of Senko no Ronde and Under Defeat. Retro Gamer called it one of the highest regarded late-era releases for the Dreamcast. Kurt Kalata of Hardcore Gaming 101 wrote that the game remains popular with hardcore shoot 'em up fans, but found it hard to recommend given its high price tag within secondary markets. Jeuxvideo.com believed it to be the best horizontal shooter for the Dreamcast. Kalata and Jeuxvideo.com agreed that the game had excellent replayability due to the border and scoring systems. Retro Gamer thought the graphics were good for the game's limited budget, and Jeuxvideo.com agreed, but Kalata believed they were bland outside of some interesting backgrounds. Regarding the music, Retro Gamer wrote that it was "strong enough to stand on its own", while Kalata and Jeuxvideo.com felt it was strange synth and techno jazz. Kalata felt gameplay similarities to the Darius series, while Jeuxvideo.com called it a great mix of classic style shooters like R-Type and more modern manic shooters.

title: Border Down


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Tretinoin

Tretinoin, also known as all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), is a medication used for the treatment of acne and acute promyelocytic leukemia. For acne, it is applied to the skin as a cream, gel or ointment. For leukemia, it is taken by mouth for up to three months. Topical tretinoin is also the most extensively investigated retinoid therapy for photoaging.

Common side effects when used as a cream are limited to the skin and include skin redness, peeling, and sun sensitivity. When used by mouth, side effects include shortness of breath, headache, numbness, depression, skin dryness, itchiness, hair loss, vomiting, muscle pains, and vision changes. Other severe side effects include high white blood cell counts and blood clots. Use during pregnancy is contraindicated due to the risk of birth defects. It is in the retinoid family of medications.

Tretinoin was patented in 1957, and approved for medical use in 1962. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Tretinoin is available as a generic medication. In 2021, it was the 206th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2million prescriptions.

Acne
Tretinoin is most commonly used to treat acne, both inflammatory and noninflammatory. Multiple studies support the efficacy of topical retinoids in the treatment of acne vulgaris. It is sometimes used in conjunction with other topical acne medications to enhance their penetration. In addition to treating active acne, retinoids accelerate the resolution of acne-induced postinflammatory hyperpigmentation. It is also useful as maintenance therapy for people who have responded well to their initial treatment, reducing the prolonged use of antibiotics for acne.

Photoaging
Photoaging is premature skin aging resulting from prolonged and repeated exposure to solar radiation. Features of photoaging include fine and coarse wrinkles, change in skin pigmentation, and loss of elasticity. In human skin, topical retinoids increase collagen production, induce epidermal hyperplasia, and decrease keratinocyte and melanocyte atypia. Topical tretinoin is the most extensively investigated retinoid therapy for photoaging. Topical tretinoin can be used for mild to severe photoaging in people of all skin types. Several weeks or months of use are typically required before improvement is appreciated. Although it has only been studied for a duration of two years, it may be continued indefinitely. A long-term maintenance regimen with a lower concentration or less frequent application may be an alternative to continued use.

Leukemia
Tretinoin is used to induce remission in people with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) who have a mutation (the t(15;17) translocation that gives rise to the PML::RARα fusion gene). It is not used for maintenance therapy.

The evidence is very uncertain about the effect of tretinoin in addition to chemotherapy for patients with non-APL acute myeloid leukemia on diarrhoea, nausea/vomiting and heart-related toxicity grades III/IV. Furthermore, tretinoin in addition to chemotherapy probably results in little to no difference in the mortality, relapse, progress, mortality during the trial and infections grade III/IV.

Skin use
Topical tretinoin is only for use on the skin and should not be applied to eyes or mucosal tissues. Common side effects include skin irritation, redness, swelling, and blistering. If irritation is a problem, a decrease in the frequency of application to every other or every third night can be considered, and the frequency of application can be increased as tolerance improves. The fine skin flaking that is often seen can be gently exfoliated with a washcloth. A non-comedogenic facial moisturizer can also be applied if needed. Delaying application of the retinoid for at least 20 minutes after washing and drying the face may also be helpful. Topical retinoids are not true photosensitizing drugs, but people using topical retinoids have described symptoms of increased sun sensitivity. This is thought to be due to thinning of the stratum corneum leading to a decreased barrier against ultraviolet light exposure, as well as an enhanced sensitivity due to the presence of cutaneous irritation.

Leukemia use
The oral form of the drug has boxed warnings concerning the risks of retinoic acid syndrome and leukocytosis.

Other significant side effects include a risk of thrombosis, benign intracranial hypertension in children, high lipids (hypercholesterolemia and/or hypertriglyceridemia), and liver damage.

There are many significant side effects from this drug that include malaise (66%), shivering (63%), hemorrhage (60%), infections (58%), peripheral edema (52%), pain (37%), chest discomfort (32%), edema (29%), disseminated intravascular coagulation (26%), weight increase (23%), injection site reactions (17%), anorexia (17%), weight decrease (17%), and myalgia (14%).

Respiratory side effects usually signify retinoic acid syndrome, and include upper respiratory tract disorders (63%), dyspnea (60%), respiratory insufficiency (26%), pleural effusion (20%), pneumonia (14%), rales (14%), and expiratory wheezing (14%), and many others at less than 10%.

Around 23% of people taking the drug have reported earache or a feeling of fullness in their ears.

Gastrointestinal disorders include bleeding (34%), abdominal pain (31%), diarrhea (23%), constipation (17%), dyspepsia (14%), and swollen belly (11%) and many others at less than 10%.

In the cardiovascular system, side effects include arrhythmias (23%), flushing (23%), hypotension (14%), hypertension (11%), phlebitis (11%), and cardiac failure (6%) and for 3% of patients: cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, enlarged heart, heart murmur, ischemia, stroke, myocarditis, pericarditis, pulmonary hypertension, secondary cardiomyopathy.

In the nervous system, side effects include dizziness (20%), paresthesias (17%), anxiety (17%), insomnia (14%), depression (14%), confusion (11%), and many others at less than 10% frequency.

In the urinary system, side effects include chronic kidney disease (11%) and several others at less than 10% frequency.

Mechanism of action
For its use in cancer, its mechanism of action is unknown, but on a cellular level, laboratory tests show that tretinoin forces APL cells to differentiate and stops them from proliferating; in people there is evidence that it forces the primary cancerous promyelocytes to differentiate and mature into neutrophils, allowing normal cells to repopulate the bone marrow. A recent study showed that ATRA inhibits and degrades active PIN1.

For its use in acne, tretinoin (along with other retinoids) are vitamin A derivatives that act by binding to two nuclear receptor families within keratinocytes: the retinoic acid receptors (RAR) and the retinoid X receptors (RXR). These events contribute to the normalization of follicular keratinization and decreased cohesiveness of keratinocytes, resulting in reduced follicular occlusion and microcomedone formation. The retinoid-receptor complex competes for coactivator proteins of AP-1, a key transcription factor involved in inflammation. Retinoids also down-regulate expression of toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, which has been implicated in the inflammatory response in acne. Moreover, tretinoin and retinoids may enhance the penetration of other topical acne medications.

The combination of the 10% benzoyl peroxide and light results in more than 50% degradation of tretinoin in about 2 hours and 95% in 24 hours. This lack of stability in the presence of light and oxidizing agents has led to the development of novel formulations of the drug. When microencapsulated tretinoin is exposed to benzoyl peroxide and light only 1% degradation takes place in about 4 hours and only 13% after 24 hours.

Furthermore, studies have shown that tretinoin plays a regulatory role in the G1/S transition of neuroblastoma cells by influencing the activities of key kinases. Kinase-substrate enrichment analysis revealed increased CDK5 activity and reduced CDK2 activity during neuronal differentiation induced by tretinoin. This alteration suggests that tretinoin influences multiple proteins involved in the G1/S transition, leading to the coordination of cell cycle arrest and inhibition of proliferation. By extending the duration of the G1 phase, tretinoin enables neuroblastoma cells to integrate environmental signals and respond to differentiation cues, promoting their differentiation and commitment to specialized cell fates instead of continued proliferation.

Biosynthesis
Tretinoin is synthesized from beta-carotene. The beta-carotene is firstly cleaved into beta-carotene 15-15'-monooxygenase through site 1 double bond oxidized to epoxide. The epoxide is attacked by water to form diol in site 1. NADH, as a reduction agent, reduce the alcohol group to aldehydes.

History
Tretinoin was co-developed for its use in acne by James Fulton and Albert Kligman when they were at University of Pennsylvania in the 1960s. Phase I trials, the first conducted on human subjects, were performed on inmates at Holmesburg Prison during a long-running regime of non-therapeutic and unethical testing on prison inmates at Holmesburg. The University of Pennsylvania held the patent for Retin-A, which it licensed to pharmaceutical companies.

Treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia was first introduced at Ruijin Hospital in Shanghai by Wang Zhenyi in a 1988 clinical trial.

Etymology
The origin of the name tretinoin is uncertain, although several sources agree (one with probability, one with asserted certainty ) that it probably comes from trans- + retinoic [acid] + -in, which is plausible given that tretinoin is the all-trans isomer of retinoic acid. The name isotretinoin is the same root tretinoin plus the prefix iso-. Regarding pronunciation, the following variants apply equally to both tretinoin and isotretinoin. Given that retinoic is pronounced,  it is natural that  is a commonly heard pronunciation. Dictionary transcriptions also include  and.

Hair loss
Tretinoin has been explored as a treatment for hair loss, potentially as a way to increase the ability of minoxidil (by acting as an enzyme and accelerating the production of minoxidil sulfate) to penetrate the scalp, but the evidence is weak and contradictory.

title: Tretinoin


text:
Ma Baker

"Ma Baker" is a song by disco group Boney M., released as a single in 1977. It was the first single of their second album Love for Sale and their third consecutive chart-topper in Germany.

The song was a huge success in Europe and Latin America, topping the charts in many countries there. It was a number 2 hit in the UK (only surpassed by Donna Summer's "I Feel Love"). In the U.S, the song only reached number 96.

Composition and structure
Frank Farian's assistant Hans-Jörg Mayer discovered a popular Tunisian folkloric song, "Sidi Mansour" while on holiday, and rewrote the song into a disco track.

The lyrics by Fred Jay were inspired by the told story of legendary 1930s US outlaw Ma Barker, although the name was changed into "Ma Baker" because "it sounded better". The story of Ma Barker is controversial, and many details on the song are based on what was told at the time, instead of recorded history. Some differences are the fact there are no records that she introduced any of her sons to crime (the opposite is more probable), and only one of them died with her. Similarly, their death didn't happen during a bank robbery; instead, they were found in a vacation house and died on a day-long shootout with the FBI.

With a structure similar to Boney M.'s breakthrough single "Daddy Cool", using the same gimmick percussion, alternating answer-back vocals, and a spoken mid-part, the song opened with a snarling "Freeze, I'm Ma Baker, put your hands in the air and gimme all your money". Although it has never been officially credited, the voice was that of Linda Blake, the wife of Frank Farian's American friend Bill Swisher, who was a soldier in Germany at the time. Bill Swisher performed the spoken mid-part, announcing a bulletin from the FBI. He was used on several later Boney M. recordings, including "Rasputin" and "El Lute".

Farian re-recorded the song with Milli Vanilli in 1988, and reused both spoken voiceovers from the original song in the cover. Boney M.'s version was remixed the same year, 1993 and again in 1998. The song has been covered a number of times, including Banda R-15 and Knorkator. The "ma ma ma ma" chorus vocals were also sampled in Lady Gaga's "Poker Face".

1993 remix
Following the remix of "Brown Girl in the Ring", Farian remixed "Ma Baker" in 1993. While a modest club hit, it failed to enter the European charts. "Borsalino" and "The Most Wanted Woman" are two dub mixes of the track. The new remix was included in the compilation album More Gold - 20 Super Hits Vol. II.

12"
Side A – Gangster Side B – Fashion
 * "Ma Baker (Remix '93)" (BMG 74321 15940 1, 1993)
 * 1) "Ma Baker (Remix '93)" (Bonnie & Clyde mix) – 5:25
 * 2) "The Most Wanted Woman" – 3:30
 * 1) "Borsalino (Trainee Mix)" – 4:55
 * 2) "Ma Baker (Remix '93)" (Radio Edit) – 3:58

CD

 * "Ma Baker (Remix '93)" (BMG 74321 15940 2, 1993)
 * 1) "Ma Baker (Remix '93)" (Radio Edit) – 3:58
 * 2) "Ma Baker (Remix '93)" (Bonnie & Clyde mix) – 5:25
 * 3) "Borsalino (Trainee Mix)" – 4:55
 * 4) "The Most Wanted Woman" – 3:30

1998 remix
In 1998, a new remix of "Ma Baker" by Sash! started to chart as a 12" single. Just as the CD-single was about to follow, it was withdrawn, and a new version appeared, re-titled "Somebody Scream! Ma Baker" featuring Horny United. The single was a Top 30 hit in Germany, Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland, and even peaked at no. 6 (two weeks) in Finland and no. 10 in Sweden. When released in the UK in April, it peaked at no. 22. The accompanying video featured a young woman, kickboxing, training with a gun, the only relation to the original group being her watching the original 1977 video of "Ma Baker" on a TV set.

12"
Side A Side B Side C Side D
 * Boney M. / Horny United Feat. Boney M. - "Ma Baker" / "Somebody Scream - Ma Baker" (2 x 12", Logic Records/Lautstark/BMG 74321 64561 1, 1999)
 * 1) Boney M. "Ma Baker" (Extended Vocal Edit) – 5:26
 * 1) Boney M. "Ma Baker" (Disco Dub Edit) – 5:35
 * 1) Horny United "Somebody Scream" (Massive Mix) – 7:30
 * 2) Horny United "Somebody Scream" (Screamless Mix) – 6:16
 * 1) Horny United "Somebody Scream - Ma Baker" (Full Vocal Mix)
 * 2) Horny United "Somebody Scream - Ma Baker" (Ma Baker House Mix)

CD

 * Boney M vs. Sash!: "Ma Baker" (BMG 74321 63942 2, 1998)
 * 1) "Ma Baker" (Tokapi Radio Edit) – 3:24
 * 2) "Ma Baker" (Original Edit) – 3:35
 * 3) "Ma Baker" (Extended Vocal Edit) – 5:26
 * 4) "Ma Baker" (Disco Dub Edit) – 5:35

 * Boney M. vs. Sash!/Horny United Featuring Boney M.: "Ma Baker"/"Somebody Scream" (BMG 74321 64561 2, 1999)
 * 1) Boney M. vs. Sash! "Ma Baker" (Extended Radio Edit) – 4:54
 * 2) Boney M. vs. Sash! "Ma Baker" (Disco Dub Edit) (5:32)
 * 3) Horny United Featuring Boney M. "Somebody Scream (Ma Baker)" (Radio Edit) (Oliver Wallner, Re-Run) – 4:17
 * 4) Horny United Featuring Boney M. "Somebody Scream (Ma Baker)" (Massive Mix) (Oliver Wallner, Re-Run) – 6:59

12"
Side A Side B
 * Boney M. vs. Horny United "Ma Baker/Somebody Scream" (Logic Records 74321 65387 1, 1999)
 * 1) "Ma Baker" (Club Mix by Horny United)
 * 1) "Somebody Scream" (Beatroute Star Bar Mix by DJ Slammer & Mark Bambach)
 * 2) "Somebody Scream" (Cosmic People Mix)

CD

 * Boney M. vs. Horny United "Ma Baker/Somebody Scream" (Logic Records 74321 65387 2, 1999)
 * 1) "Ma Baker/Somebody Scream" (Radio Edit) – 3:06
 * 2) "Ma Baker" (Sash! Radio Edit) – 3:27
 * 3) "Somebody Scream" (Massive Club mix) – 7:31
 * 4) "Ma Baker" (Sash! 12" Mix) – 4:55

In popular culture
The song's 'Ma-Ma-Ma-Ma' line is alluded in the opening lines and in between verses in Lady Gaga's hit 'Poker Face'. The song is also featured in the final episode of the sixth series of the television show Black Mirror, in which the demon character takes on the appearance of Boney M. member Bobby Farrell.

title: Ma Baker


text: File:Colin James Traveler.jpg

title: File:Colin James Traveler.jpg


text:
Talk:Hershey's chocolate

The page Hershey's chocolate was nominated to VfD. The final action was to merge the information into Hershey's, and redirect there. Unless the merged information is rewritten or excised, Hershey's chocolate must be kept to fulfill the authorship requirement of the GFDL.

The text of the deletion debate follows.

Hershey's chocolate
Oh, it probably just needs to be merged with Hershey's but, for reasons that will become apparent, just makes me want to pull my eyes out with hot tongs. --bodnotbod 21:48, May 4, 2004 (UTC)
 * Yeah merge it. Someone's holiday homework. But wanting to delete it entirely is like wanting to whup a kitten. The Land 22:01, 4 May 2004 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect, certainly. And bodnotbod, don't forget to put {{subst:vfd}} on a page you nominate. I've done this one for you. --Ben Brockert 22:07, May 4, 2004 (UTC)
 * Thanks. Is it deemed protocol that the person who lists the item then carry out the work if they're able?  If it is, I suppose that will be just penance  for being horrid to - what may well be - a very pleasant young child. I'll have a go, and then list on Cleanup if I get stuck.  We don't have Hershey's in Britain.  --bodnotbod 22:17, May 4, 2004 (UTC)
 * Well you can do it and if you don't I'm sure someone will that reads this... -- Graham :) | Talk 22:24, 4 May 2004 (UTC)
 * I merged it, since I am kind to small children and kittens. But then I saw this highly similar text at http://flfl.essortment.com/thehistoryofh_rizr.htm and my normal Grinch-like demeanour returned. Replaced by redirect. -- The Anome 22:28, 4 May 2004 (UTC)
 * What? Oh bugger... I got an edit conflict and it looked like you'd just re-arranged a link.  So I've got a fully adultised version of a small girts text there with ackowledgements and everything:  Well, I wasn't going to be responsible for ruining her day in the sun (not twice at least).  Oh, don't tell me it has to go.  I felt all virtuous.  All gooey inside.  I'd learned to love that article.  --bodnotbod 22:36, May 4, 2004 (UTC)
 * Well, the thieving little... I was right to list her all along! I must have a 6th sense.  It's always the little ones.  Shakes fist.  Jumps up and down. --bodnotbod 22:41, May 4, 2004 (UTC)
 * All sorted then ;-) Go and stand in the corner Katie Duncan whoever you are. The Land 10:53, 5 May 2004 (UTC)
 * Er, who the jiggins is Katie Duncan? Am I missing something here? -- Graham  :) | Talk 23:04, 5 May 2004 (UTC)
 * Well, I feel like I know her intimately now. In my imagination, she's a 6 year old girl in petticoats, who - with her father lovingly guiding her hand on the mouse - copy and pasted an article about chocolate for her kindergarten homework.  Only to find it horribly abused by myself and my reference to hot tongs.  Something that will count against me when I get to the pearly gates.  My only consolation is that copyvios won't be allowed in heaven either, so she will burn with me.  Hope this helps.  --bodnotbod 23:16, May 5, 2004 (UTC)  PS: I don't know whether she's still about, maybe she only came because she heard about the sock puppets.
 * OK this is getting too surreal for me. I'm going to bed, someone else can sort out the old listings on vfd tonight... -- Graham  :) | Talk 23:21, 5 May 2004 (UTC)
 * To summarise, it has been merged and it has been redirected. All that is left to do is to copy this deletion debate to Talk:Hershey's_chocolate and remove it from the VfD listing, which I'll do later tonight after a short wait for any additional comments. --Ben Brockert 00:10, May 6, 2004 (UTC)

End discussion

title: Talk:Hershey's chocolate


text:
Maladjusted

Maladjusted is the sixth studio album by English singer Morrissey, released on 11 August 1997 by Island Records.

On release, the album received a lukewarm reception from fans and critics alike, and was Morrissey's last studio album for seven years, until 2004's You Are the Quarry.

Content
Maladjusted was Morrissey's attempt to integrate the torch songs that he experimented with on Vauxhall and I with the indie rock of his earlier career. In addition to "Alma Matters", the tracks "Trouble Loves Me", "Ammunition" and "Wide to Receive" stand out as reminiscent of the Vauxhall and I era.

The album caused a small amount of controversy over what was to be the penultimate track. Entitled "Sorrow Will Come in the End", it featured Morrissey intoning, rather than singing, over a backing of manic strings and the beat of a judge's gavel. The song is clearly about the Mike Joyce royalties dispute, and lyrically takes the form of, essentially, an extended threatening message to him and his representatives. "Don't close your eyes/Don't ever close your eyes/A man who slits throats/Has time on his hands/And I'm gonna get you". Island Records, Morrissey's label at the time, dropped the track from UK versions of the album for fear of libel action. Joyce, for his part, said of the song, "I just found it funny. If Lemmy had written it, I might be concerned."

On the inside sleeve of the LP is printed "John Bindon 1943–1993", a reference to the English actor and bodyguard who had close links with the London underworld.

Release
Morrissey released "Alma Matters" on 21 July 1997 to support the album. The song premiered on the KROQ-FM Jed the Fish show on 4 July 1997.

Maladjusted was released on 11 August 1997 by record label Island. The follow-up singles "Roy's Keen" and "Satan Rejected My Soul" peaked at numbers 42 and 39, respectively.

Island Records released a remastered and redesigned version of Maladjusted on 4 May 2009. It included a new album cover and track listing, several rare B-sides and the first UK release of "Sorrow Will Come in the End". However, two songs ("Roy's Keen" and "Papa Jack") were left off the new track list. In the initial press release, "Ambitious Outsiders" was incorrectly listed as "Ambitious Lovers". It was released on the Polydor label.

Critical reception
Maladjusted received a mixed-to-unfavourable response from critics.

Matt Hendrickson of Rolling Stone wrote, "despite his predictability, Maladjusted is Morrissey's strongest musical effort since his 1988 solo debut, Viva Hate."

Personnel
Credits are adapted from the Maladjusted liner notes.
 * Morrissey – vocals
 * Alain Whyte – guitar; piano; backing vocals
 * Boz Boorer – clarinet, guitar
 * Jonny Bridgwood – bass guitar
 * Spencer Cobrin drums
 * Steve Lillywhite – producer

title: Maladjusted


text:
Weber State University

Weber State University (pronounced ) is a public university in Ogden, Utah. It was founded in 1889 as Weber Stake Academy and earned its current name in 1991.

As of fall 2023, the student population reached 30,536 students, consisting of 16,020 undergraduate students, 1,002 graduate students and 13,514 concurrent enrollment students, making it the third-largest public university in the state. Weber State University has over 225 degree programs and seven colleges, including the Dr. Ezekiel R. Dumke College of Health Professions and the College of Engineering, Applied Science & Technology. Weber State is regionally accredited through the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities, and many programs are accredited through national organizations.

As of fall 2023, students who identify as Hispanic or Latino make up 13% of the full-time equivalent undergraduate student body. The university is working to become an emerging Hispanic-Serving Institution, a designation given when 15% of students identify as Hispanic or Latino. The university’s athletic teams, the Wildcats, compete in the Big Sky Conference as a NCAA Division I institution.

History

Weber State University was founded by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints as the Weber Stake Academy in 1889. "Weber" comes from the name of the county where the university is located. Weber County was named after John Henry Weber, an early fur trader. The university opened for students in 1889 with 98 students enrolled for classes on January 7. The first principal of Weber Stake Academy was Louis F. Moench; he served from 1889 to 1892 and again from 1894 to 1902. In the latter year, Moench was succeeded as principal by David O. McKay, who served in that position until 1908. From 1914 to 1917, James L. Barker was the principal of the Weber Stake Academy.

In the early 20th century, the school underwent multiple name changes: Weber Stake Academy from its founding in 1889, Weber Academy in 1902, Weber Normal College in 1918, and Weber College in 1922. By the late 1920s, however, the college was in financial difficulty, and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints faced four choices—transfer the college to a partnership of the city of Ogden and Weber County, transfer it to the University of Utah as a branch campus, transfer it to the state of Utah as a junior college, or shut it down. In 1931, the Utah Legislature passed a law providing for the acquisition of Weber College and Snow College from The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

In 1933, Weber College became a state-supported junior college. In 1954, the college moved from its downtown location in Ogden to a spacious and scenic area in the southeast bench area of the city. The school became Weber State College in 1962, and in 1964 became a four-year college. It was a charter member of the Big Sky Conference in 1963. The first graduate program (accounting), was added in 1984, and it gained university status on January 1, 1991.

Academics
Weber State University offers more than 225 certificate and degree programs provided through seven colleges:

 * College of Engineering, Applied Science & Technology
 * College of Science
 * College of Social & Behavioral Sciences
 * Dr. Ezekiel R. Dumke College of Health Professions
 * John B. Goddard School of Business & Economics
 * Telitha E. Lindquist College of Arts & Humanities
 * Jerry & Vickie Moyes College of Education

Locations
Weber State University’s Ogden campus sits along the east bench of the Wasatch Mountains in Ogden, Utah. The Ogden campus covers over 500 acres, houses 63 buildings and features residence halls accommodating more than 1,000 students.

The Dee Events Center is on the south end of the campus and houses most of the university’s indoor athletics, along with large community events and performances.

The Val A. Browning Center for the Performing Arts is located on Weber State’s Ogden campus. It serves as an event host for over 200 events and welcomes about 70,000 patrons annually. Founded in 1962 as the Fine Arts Center, the facility has undergone many upgrades to accommodate world-class performances.

The Ogden campus is also home to Elizabeth Hall; Hurst Center; Dumke Center; Kimball Visual Arts Center; Lampros Hall; Lindquist Hall; Lind Lecture Hall; Lindquist Alumni Center; Marriott Allied Health; McKay Education Building; Noorda Engineering, Applied Science & Technology Building; Outdoor Adventure & Welcome Center; Shepherd Union; Stewart Library; Wattis Business; Wildcat Center for Health Education and Wellness; and Wildcat Village.

Weber State’s Layton location, known as WSU Davis, is about 20 miles north of Salt Lake City and 15 miles south of Ogden. WSU Davis is a full-service campus offering access to computer labs, testing centers, a fitness center, student services and advisors. WSU Davis houses automotive technology; engineering, applied science and technology; child and family studies; business & economics; health professions; accounting and taxation; and general studies courses.

Other locations
Weber State University also offers courses and services off-campus at the Morgan Center in Morgan, Utah; Center for Continuing Education in Clearfield, Utah; Weber State Downtown in Ogden, Utah; Weber State Farmington Station in Farmington, Utah; and the Community Education Center in Ogden, Utah. Weber State also offers courses and degrees online through the Division of Online & Continuing Education.

Residence halls
Weber State’s Ogden campus offers community-style living at the Wildcat Village for students. Weber State also offers apartment-style living at University Village, located on the south end of the Ogden campus, near Utah Transit Authority’s Dee Events Center bus stop, providing access to campus.

Sustainability
Weber State University is working toward a 5-point strategy to achieve carbon neutrality by 2040. The goal includes achieving carbon neutrality for all Weber State emissions, including student and employee commuting, waste and business travel.

Weber State was one of the first universities in the country to create a plan to transition its buildings to all-electric heat pump systems. Since 2007, Weber State has reduced its greenhouse gas emissions footprint by 34%, saved nearly $16 million in utility costs and is a decade ahead of its original goal.

Athletics
The university’s athletic teams, the Wildcats, compete in the Big Sky Conference as a NCAA Division I institution. The university’s colors are purple and white. The football team plays at the Stewart Stadium, located on the Ogden campus. The men’s and women’s basketball teams play at the Dee Events Center. Additional athletic programs include men’s and women’s track and field, men’s and women’s golf, men’s and women’s tennis, women’s soccer, cheerleading, dance, volleyball and softball.

Weber State's Spirit Squad has won six national championships. In 2023, the Wildcat team won the Grand National Championship in the Large Co-Ed Division. Weber State had the best score of any school from any division in the competition.

Weber State also has club sports through Campus Recreation, including archery, baseball, climbing, golf, hockey, men’s and women’s lacrosse, pickleball, racquetball, rodeo, roundnet, men’s and women’s rugby, running, snowboard, soccer, table tennis, tennis, weightlifting and disc golf.

Student media
Weber State has an independent, student-run newspaper, The Signpost, that publishes twice weekly. The Signpost publishes the news and events on campus and around Ogden City through digital and print editions.

The university also has a student and volunteer-run online radio station, KWCR Wildcat Radio. The station teaches students how to operate a radio station and allows them to gain the skills and insight needed to compete in the job market after their studies. Students can also broadcast their own radio shows or playlists.

Metaphor is Weber State’s undergraduate literary journal, entirely run by students. For over 40 years, the magazine has highlighted students’ poetry, fiction, literary nonfiction, interviews and art.

Notable alumni and administrators

 * Nolan D. Archibald – President & CEO of Black & Decker 1986 – 2010
 * Mark Evans Austad – communications expert
 * Davion Berry (born 1991) – basketball player in the Israeli Basketball Premier League
 * Joseph Bishop – past president of Weber State
 * Fawn Brodie – author and historian
 * Paul W Draper – anthropologist, mentalist, and speaker
 * H. Tracy Hall – inventor of the industrial diamond
 * Ronald L. Holt – professor of anthropology
 * Ben Howland – college basketball coach
 * Taron Johnson – professional football player
 * Phil Johnson – professional basketball coach
 * David M. Kennedy – U.S. Secretary of the Treasury
 * Damian Lillard – professional basketball player
 * J. Willard Marriott – business magnate
 * Jamie Martin – professional football player
 * Paul McQuistan – professional football player
 * David O. McKay – past president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
 * Wataru Misaka – professional basketball player
 * Dick Motta – professional basketball coach
 * Jerry Moyes - founder of Swift Transportation
 * Sean O'Connell (attended) – professional Mixed Martial Artist
 * Bob Pollard – professional football player
 * Alfred Pupunu – professional football player
 * Todd Rose – current President of Populace, former professor and Director of the Mind, Brain, and Education program at the Harvard Graduate School of Education
 * Roger Ruzek – professional football player
 * Sarah Sellers – marathon runner
 * Richard H. Stallings – U.S. Representative
 * Carla Taylor – women's college basketball coach
 * Ernest L. Wilkinson – lawyer and university president
 * Terry Lee Williams – first African American to serve in the Utah State Senate

title: Weber State University


text:
Talk:List of Western television series

Untitled
What about Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman? Since I rarely watch TV, I wouldn't consider myself knowledgeable about the show, but wasn't it a TV Western? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 199.182.165.247 (talk) 02:54, 6 May 2004 (UTC)

Why does Paradise not get a redirect to Guns of Paradise, or a dismbiguation? Like many, I'd think of Paradise first. Trekphiler 21:50, 23 November 2006 (UTC)

The US TV series Fury (which I can't see in this page) became widely popular in Italy in the '70s, and the opening song of the Italian edition is still known by everybody. The web site [] suggests that the TV show might as well be known as Brave Stallion. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Brunato (talk) • contribs) 21:23, 9 December 2006 (UTC)
 * If this is the Fury TV series I remember from my childhood, I wouldn't really classify it as a western. It was similar to the Lassie TV series, except that it was about a boy and his horse instead of a boy and his dog. The horse rescued the boy and his family from various disasters. I believe it took place in contemporary times. Clampton 21:49, 9 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Probably you are right, I just suffered from a cultural cliché: "if it's American and has horses in it, then it's a western"... (BTW, sorry for no signing my previous message) Brunato 10:49, 6 January 2007 (UTC)

WorldCat Genres
Maximilianklein (talk) 00:01, 6 December 2012 (UTC)

Bonanza Note
The note for Bonanza reads, "The second longest-running western series and the longest-running series of all-time," which seems self-contradictory. Arnold Rothstein1921 (talk) 16:33, 10 May 2014 (UTC)
 * Edited to conform with Bonanza article. Arnold Rothstein1921 (talk) 00:54, 15 May 2014 (UTC)

Should a web series be on this list?
Entry for Red Bird got me excited at a new western TV show in 2016, then on its page I discovered it's a series of 8 3-5 minute clips on YouTube. Siftrusks (talk) 06:21, 29 May 2016 (UTC)

Requested move 24 June 2017

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: page moved - no opposition, pretty uncontroversial Dr Strauss   talk  16:10, 29 June 2017 (UTC)

List of TV Westerns → List of westerns on television – Simply a better, more clear title – it also matches the parent article, which is Westerns on television. Failing that, "television" should be spelled out, so the alternative would be List of television westerns. --IJBall (contribs • talk) 23:03, 24 June 2017 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:List of Western subgenres which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 05:34, 12 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of Western television series


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Shayna

Nonsensical text about a female. Possible vanity page. Alcarillo 02:51, 6 May 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Poorly-written vanity tripe. Rhymeless 04:20, 6 May 2004 (UTC)
 * And to think this actually came forth from a human mind. Oh, the humanity.  Kiss Shayna gently goodbye. - Lucky 6.9 06:50, 6 May 2004 (UTC)
 * Can't make sense of it. Delete - 131.211.151.242 08:13, 6 May 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. It must be love. If so, ideally two people understand it, and no more, which is not encyclopedic IMO. Have we a policy on marriage proposals in the article namespace? At this rate maybe we should discuss one... (-> Andrewa 11:57, 6 May 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. Bilge. --bodnotbod 16:15, May 6, 2004 (UTC)
 * Delete. I've read it six times and I still don't have a damned idea what it's talking about. Tossed it on More bad jokes than you can shake a stick at for using English words and yet being totally incomprehensible. Grendelkhan 16:44, 2004 May 6 (UTC)
 * Delete. JFW | T@lk  10:14, 11 May 2004 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Shayna


text:
Asian Television Network

Asian Television Network (ATN) is a publicly traded Canadian broadcasting company, with 54 television channels in 9 languages, serving the South Asian cultural communities in Canada. ATN operates a South Asian Radio service on XM, available in Canada and the United States. Headquartered in Markham, Ontario, the company has been in operation since 1997, and is headed by Indo-Canadian broadcaster Shan Chandrasekar.

Awards and recognition

 * 2011 TSX Venture 50
 * 2009 Newmarket Chamber of Commerce Large Business of the Year
 * 2008 Jaya Chandrasekar inducted into Canadian Broadcast Hall of Fame
 * 2004 Shan Chandrasekar inducted into Canadian Broadcast Hall of Fame

Television
ATN currently owns and operates 46 Canadian television channels and has licences for several others. In addition, ATN is a major distributor of cricket programming in Canada, as it possesses the Canadian broadcasting rights for many of the top cricket events in the world.

 * ATN Aastha TV (Hindi/Gujarati)
 * ATN ABP Sanjha (Punjabi)
 * ATN Aapka Colors (Hindi)
 * ATN ARY Digital (Urdu)
 * ATN B4U Movies (Hindi)
 * ATN B4U Music (Hindi)
 * ATN B4U Plus (Hindi)
 * ATN Bangla (Bengali)
 * ATN Brit Asia TV (Hindi/Punjabi)
 * ATN Star Plus (Hindi)
 * ATN Colors Bangla (Bengali)
 * ATN Colors Marathi (Marathi)
 * ATN Colors Rishtey (Hindi)
 * ATN Cricket Plus (Sports channel- English)
 * ATN DD Bharati (Culture- Hindi)
 * ATN DD India (Hindi)
 * ATN DD News (Hindi)
 * ATN DD Sports (English)
 * ATN DD Urdu (Urdu)
 * ATN Food Food (Lifestyle channel- Hindi)
 * ATN Gujarati (Gujarati)
 * ATN IBC Tamil
 * ATN Jaya TV (Tamil)
 * ATN Life (Hindi)
 * ATN Movies (Hindi)
 * ATN MTV India (Hindi)
 * ATN News (English)
 * ATN News18 India (English)
 * ATN PM One (Punjabi)
 * ATN Punjabi (Punjabi)
 * ATN Punjabi 5 (Punjabi)
 * ATN Punjabi News (Punjabi)
 * ATN Punjabi Plus (Punjabi)
 * ATN Sony Sab (Hindi)
 * ATN Sikh Channel (Punjabi)
 * ATN Sony Aath (Bengali)
 * ATN Sony Max (Hindi)
 * ATN Sony Max 2 (Hindi)
 * ATN Sony TV (Hindi)
 * ATN SVBC (Telugu)
 * ATN Tamil Plus (Tamil)
 * ATN Times Now (English)
 * ATN Urdu (Urdu)
 * ATN Zoom (Hindi)
 * Commonwealth Broadcasting Network (English)
 * ATN Vijay TV (Tamil)
 * ATN Star Gold (Hindi)
 * ATN Vijay Super (Tamil)

Foreign Services
In addition to the 46 O&O channels that it has launched itself, Asian Television Network also distributes a number of foreign services in Canada. ATN is the official Canadian distributor for the following channels:

 * ABP News (India)
 * ARY Musik (Pakistan)
 * ARY News (Pakistan)
 * ARY Qtv (Pakistan)
 * ARY Zauq (Pakistan)
 * Channel i (Bangladesh)
 * NDTV Good Times (India)

Radio
On October 27, 2007, ATN launched a 24hr South Asian satellite radio station on the XM Satellite Radio platform. It features news, sports & entertainment programming broadcast primarily in Hindi & Punjabi, among other regional languages.

title: Asian Television Network


text:
Tompkinsville, Staten Island

Tompkinsville is a neighborhood in northeastern Staten Island in New York City. Named for Daniel D. Tompkins, sixth Vice President of the United States (1817–1825), the neighborhood sits on the island's eastern shore, along the waterfront facing Upper New York Bay, between St. George on the north and Stapleton on the south; however, it is considered part of the North Shore by the island's residents.

Early history

Tompkinsville, located in the Town of Castleton, was the site where early European explorers replenished their fresh water supplies and was known in colonial times as the "Watering Place". It was opposite the Watering Place that the then largest British expeditionary force, with 450 ships and 32,000 soldiers, arrived in Upper New York Bay and landed in advance of the American Revolutionary War. In 1799, the New York state government took 30 acre along the waterfront, upon which it established the New York Marine Hospital (also "The Quarantine"), a contagious disease hospital and quarantine station.

In 1815, a settlement was established by New York state governor, Daniel D. Tompkins, in the neighborhood next to the hospital. He was elected Vice President the following year. In 1817 Tompkins built a dock at the foot of present-day Victory Boulevard and began offering steam ferry service to Manhattan. Angry residents burned down the Quarantine in 1858 in a series of attacks known as the Staten Island Quarantine War. Although there were no deaths as a result of the attack, the arsonists completely destroyed the hospital compound.

20th century
In the early 1900s, the telephone exchange that served Staten Island's eastern North Shore was named after the neighborhood; the name of this exchange was changed to "Saint George" in the mid-1920s, and to "Saint George 7" when New York Telephone upgraded telephone service throughout New York City in December 1930. Converted for All-Number Calling, "727" still exists on the island today. It is the sole surviving number of the designations of the 1920s.

Tompkinsville was the site of a Naval Frontier Base of the US Navy for many years. The base was particularly active during the US engagement with World War I. On 8 July 1919 a delegation consisting of: Vice President Thomas R. Marshall; Josephus Daniels, the Secretary of the Navy; Carter Glass, the Secretary of the Treasury; William B. Wilson, the Secretary of Labor; Newton D. Baker, the Secretary of War; Franklin K. Lane, the Secretary of the Interior; and Senator Champ Clark came aboard the USS Pennsylvania (BB-38) for a cruise back to New York with President Wilson.

During World War II, it was designated Tompkinsville, SI, New York.

21st century
In the 21st century, Tompkinsville became a racially mixed area, and a little Sri Lanka had developed. There is also a large population of Italian-Americans, African Americans and Mexicans. In 2014, black Staten Island resident Eric Garner was killed by police in Tompkinsville, in an incident that received widespread media coverage.

In 2019, the section of Bay Street in Tompkinsville was rezoned to allow for a higher concentration of residential, commercial, and office space along the street. The plan was controversial, as the vast majority of Staten Island Community Board 1 members had rejected the plan, as did many residents of Tompkinsville, and the commissioners of the New York City Planning Commission had mixed opinions.

Culture
Tompkinsville contains an enclave of Sri Lankans. The neighborhood also hosts a number of live music and art venues, including Everything Goes Book Café, Deep Tanks Studio, Coyle Cavern, Ink Chyx Tattoo & Art Gallery, and the Staten Island LGBT Community Center, all of which take part in the north shore's monthly Second Saturday art walk. As with much of the north shore, the area is decidedly more urban than is typical of Staten Island, evinced in the architecture (predominantly tall brick buildings) and numerous retail stores and eateries. Unlike many other North Shore communities (and like Port Richmond), the neighborhood has no public housing projects. Its housing stock is dominated by single-family homes built in the first few decades of the 20th century.

Demographics
The neighborhood is mixed commercial and residential. Like many areas of the northeastern part of the island, it suffered a decline following the construction of the Verrazzano-Narrows Bridge in 1964, which shifted the commercial activity of the island towards its interior. Recent plans have called for the redevelopment of the harbor front area. The population is racially diverse, primarily made up of African-Americans, Hispanics, and Whites, with recent arrivals including immigrants from such countries as Albania. Tompkinsville also contains a Little Sri Lanka, one of the largest Sri Lankan communities outside of the country of Sri Lanka itself.

Transportation
The Tompkinsville station of the Staten Island Railway is one stop south of the terminus at St. George. Unlike at the majority of the railway's stations, a MetroCard or OMNY must be used to enter or exit at Tompkinsville. Faregates were installed at the station in 2009 to deter fare avoiders who would exit at the station to avoid paying the fare at St. George.

title: Tompkinsville, Staten Island


text:
Traveler (Colin James album)

Traveler, released in Canada in 2003, is the eighth studio album by Canadian blues/rock musician Colin James. The album debuted at #22 on the Canadian Albums Chart.

Track listing

 * 1) "I'm Losing You" (John Lennon) – 5:00
 * 2) "Make a Mistake" (Colin James, Craig Northey) – 4:57
 * 3) "Skydiving" (Colin James, Craig Northey, Jeff Trott) – 4:16
 * 4) "I Know What Love Is" (Colin James, Craig Northey, T. Wilson, C. Cripps) – 3:49
 * 5) "Black Eyed Dog" (Nick Drake) – 4:17
 * 6) "You and Whose Army" (Colin James, Jeff Trott) – 3:45
 * 7) "Sending a Message" (Colin James, Craig Northey) – 3:55
 * 8) "Know How to Love You" (Colin James) – 4:11
 * 9) "She Can't Do No Wrong" (Colin James, Craig Northey) – 3:47
 * 10) "Anywhere Is Home" (Colin James, Craig Northey) – 4:25
 * 11) "Rainy Day, Dream Away" (Jimi Hendrix) – 7:51

Personnel

 * Colin James - guitars, vocals
 * Craig Northey - guitars, vocals
 * Darryl Johnson - bass
 * Dean Butterworth - drums
 * Jeff Trott     - guitar, piano, wurlitzer
 * Eric Webster   - organ

title: Traveler (Colin James album)


text:
Tompkinsville

Tompkinsville may refer to:

 * Tompkinsville, Kentucky
 * Tompkinsville, Maryland
 * Tompkinsville, Staten Island, New York
 * Tompkinsville (Staten Island Railway station)

title: Tompkinsville


text: User talk:69.138.223.120

title: User talk:69.138.223.120


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Traveler

Traveler(s), traveller(s), The Traveler, or The Traveller may refer to:

People

 * Anyone engaged in travel

Groups

 * Romani people, or Roma, or Gypsies, and their subgroups in various countries
 * Indigenous Norwegian Travellers
 * Irish Travellers
 * Gutter punks, often associated with punk subculture
 * New Age travellers

Individuals

 * List of people known as the Traveller

Fictional characters

 * The Traveler (Star Trek)
 * The Traveller (James Herbert)
 * Travellers, in the novel Earthworks by Brian Aldiss
 * Travelers, in D.J. MacHale's Pendragon novel series
 * The Traveler, in the video game Destiny
 * The Traveler, in the video game Genshin Impact

Films

 * The Traveler (1974 film), an Iranian drama
 * Traveller (1981 film), an Irish film starring Davy Spillane
 * Traveler (1983 film), a Taiwanese film written by Wu Nien-jen
 * Traveller (1997 film), an American crime drama
 * Traveller (1999 film), a Brazilian drama
 * The Traveller (2009 film), an Egyptian film
 * The Traveler (2010 film), an American–Canadian horror film
 * Traveller (2012 film), Linde Nijland's official music video
 * Travelers: Jigen Keisatsu ("Travelers: Dimension Police") a 2013 Japanese science fiction film

Games

 * Traveller (role-playing game), 1977
 * Travellers (card game)

Periodicals

 * The Traveler (magazine), a Chinese tourism magazine
 * The Traveller, another name for the British Journal, an English newspaper published from 1722 to 1728
 * The Travelle, a 19th century British evening newspaper; see Walter Coulson
 * Boston Evening Traveller, a newspaper published from 1845 to 1967

Books, poems, and short stories

 * Traveler, a 2007 novel by Ron McLarty
 * Traveler (novel series), by D. B. Drumm
 * Traveller (novel), by Richard Adams, 1988
 * The Traveler (novel), a 2005 novel by John Twelve Hawks
 * The Traveler, 1 1987 novel by John Katzenbach
 * The Traveler, a 1991 novel by Don Coldsmith
 * The Traveler: An American Odyssey in the Himalayas, a 1993 book by Eric Hansen
 * Travelers (novel), by Helon Habila, 2019
 * "The Traveller" (poem), by Oliver Goldsmith, 1764
 * The Traveller, a poem by James Dillet Freeman
 * "The Traveller", a short story by Richard Matheson

Groups

 * The Travellers (Canadian band), a Canadian folk singing group
 * The Travellers (Maltese band), a band from Gozo, Malta

Albums

 * Traveler (Colin James album), 2003
 * Traveler (Hitomi album), 2004
 * Traveler (Steve Roach album), 1983
 * Traveler (Trey Anastasio album), 2012
 * Traveller (Anoushka Shankar album), 2011
 * Traveller (Chris Stapleton album), 2015
 * Traveller (Christy Moore album), 1999
 * Traveller (Jorn album), 2013
 * Traveller (Slough Feg album), 2003
 * The Traveler (Kenny Barron album), 2007
 * The Traveler (Rhett Miller album), 2015
 * Traveler (Official Hige Dandism album), 2019
 * The Traveler, an album by Billy Cobham, 1994
 * The Traveler, an album by Kenny Wayne Shepherd Band, 2019
 * The Traveller, an album by Shed, 2010, and his pseudonym
 * The Traveller, an album by Tineke Postma, 2009
 * Travellers, an album by Nucleus Torn, 2010

Songs

 * "Traveller" (song), 2015
 * "Traveller", a song by Aiko Kayō, 2004
 * "Traveller", title track of Traveller (Anoushka Shankar album), 2011
 * "Traveller", title track of Traveller (Jorn album), 2013
 * "The Traveller", a song by Joe Satriani from the 2002 album Strange Beautiful Music
 * "The Traveller", a song by A Flock of Seagulls from the 1983 album Listen
 * "The Traveller", a song by Chris de Burgh from the 1980 album Eastern Wind
 * "The Traveller", a song by Beach House from the 2015 album Thank Your Lucky Stars
 * "The Traveler", a song by Scale the Summit from the 2013 album The Migration

Television

 * Traveler (American TV series), 2007
 * Traveler (South Korean TV series), a 2019
 * Travelers (TV series), a 2016 Canadian science fiction drama
 * "Travelers" (Stargate Atlantis), a 2007 episode
 * "Travelers" (The X-Files), a 1998 episode
 * "The Travelers", an episode of Dark
 * "The Travellers" a 2001 episode of The Lost World
 * "A Traveler", an episode of The Twilight Zone (2019 TV series)

Other uses in arts and entertainment

 * The Traveler (sculpture), 1982, by Richard Beyer, in Bend, Oregon, U.S.
 * The Travelers (sculptures), surrealist sculptures by Bruno Catalano
 * Traveler curtain, or traveler, a front curtain in theaters

Horses

 * Traveller (horse) (1857–1871), owned by General Robert E. Lee
 * Traveler (horse) (1880–1912), American Quarter horse foundation sire
 * Traveler (mascot), a horse mascot of the University of Southern California

Science and technology

 * Costaconvexa centrostrigaria or traveller, a moth
 * Traveller (nautical fitting)
 * Traveler, part of a ring spinning machine for the manufacture of textile yarn

Sports

 * Delhi Travellers, a junior ice hockey team in Canada
 * Little Rock Travelers, a defunct American baseball team
 * Arkansas Travelers, an American baseball team

Vehicles

 * HMS Traveller, several Royal Navy ships
 * USS Traveller (1805), a United States Navy supply boat in commission in 1805
 * USS Traveler (SP-122), a United States Navy patrol boat in commission from 1917 to 1919
 * Traveler (automobile), an American car produced in 1914–1915
 * Beechcraft Traveller, a British name for the Beechcraft Model 17 Staggerwing

Other uses

 * Traveler Mountain, in Maine, U.S., whose highest peak is called The Traveler
 * The Travelers Companies, an American insurance company

title: Traveler


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title: Talk:Traveler (Colin James album)


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Peter Rabbit

Peter Rabbit is a fictional animal character in various children's stories by English author Beatrix Potter. A mischievous, adventurous young rabbit who wears a blue jacket, he first appeared in The Tale of Peter Rabbit in 1902, and subsequently in five more books between 1904 and 1912. The six books by Potter featuring Peter Rabbit have sold over 150 million copies. Spin-off merchandise includes dishes, wallpaper, painting books, board games and dolls. In 1903, Peter Rabbit was the first fictional character to be made into a patented stuffed toy, making him the oldest licensed character.

Peter Rabbit appears as a character in several adaptations, including the television series The World of Peter Rabbit and Friends (1992–1998) and Peter Rabbit (2012–2016), and the live-action/animated films Peter Rabbit (2018) and Peter Rabbit 2: The Runaway (2021).

Background
The rabbits in Potter's stories are anthropomorphic and wear human clothes: Peter wears a blue jacket with brass buttons and shoes. Peter, his widowed mother, Mrs. Rabbit, as well as his younger sisters, Flopsy, Mopsy, and Cottontail (with Peter the eldest of the four little rabbits) live in a rabbit hole that has a human kitchen, human furniture, as well as a shop where Mrs. Rabbit sells various items. Peter's relatives are his cousin Benjamin Bunny and Benjamin's father, Mr. Benjamin Bouncer.

Peter Rabbit was named after a pet rabbit whom Beatrix Potter had as a child, and whom she called Peter Piper. The first Peter Rabbit story, The Tale of Peter Rabbit, was created in 1893 initially as a letter to Noel Moore, the five-year-old son of Potter's former governess, Annie Moore. The boy was ill, and Potter wrote him a picture and story letter to help him pass the time and to cheer him up. The letter included sketches illustrating the narrative.

In June 1903, a trade edition of the tale was published by Frederick Warne & Co, and by the end of the year, 28,000 copies were in print. Over the years, The Tale of Peter Rabbit has sold more than 40 million copies worldwide, and as of 2008, the Peter Rabbit series of six books has sold more than 150 million copies in 35 languages.

Books

Peter Rabbit made his first appearance in 1902 in The Tale of Peter Rabbit where Peter disobeys his mother's orders and sneaks into Mr. McGregor's garden (where his father had once had "an accident" involving his being put in a pie by Mrs. McGregor). He eats as many vegetables as he can before Mr. McGregor spots and chases him. Peter manages to escape, but not before losing his jacket and shoes, which Mr. McGregor uses to dress a scarecrow. Peter returns home weary, ill, and naked and is put to bed with a dose of chamomile tea.

In The Tale of Benjamin Bunny, first published in 1904, Peter's cousin Benjamin Bunny brings him back to Mr. McGregor's garden and they retrieve the clothes Peter lost in The Tale of Peter Rabbit. However, after they gather onions to give to Peter's mother, they are captured by Mr. McGregor's cat. Bouncer arrives and rescues them, but also punishes Peter and Benjamin for going into the garden by whipping them with a switch. In this tale, Peter displays some trepidation about returning to the garden.

In The Tale of the Flopsy Bunnies, first published in 1909, Peter has a small role and appears only briefly. He is grown up and his sister Flopsy is now married to their cousin Benjamin. The two are the parents of six little Flopsy Bunnies. Peter and his mother keep a nursery garden, and the bunnies come by asking him for spare cabbage.

In The Tale of Mr. Tod, first published in 1912, Benjamin and Flopsy's children are kidnapped by notorious badger Tommy Brock. Peter helps Benjamin chase after Brock, who hides out in the house of the fox, Mr. Tod. Mr. Tod finds Brock sleeping in his bed, and as the two get into a scuffle, Peter and Benjamin rescue the children.

Peter makes cameo appearances in two other tales. In The Tale of Mrs. Tiggy-Winkle, first published in 1905, Peter and Benjamin are customers of Mrs. Tiggy-Winkle, a hedgehog washerwoman. The two rabbits are depicted in one illustration peeping from the forest foliage. In The Tale of Ginger and Pickles, first published in 1909, Peter and other characters from Potter's previous stories make cameo appearances in the artwork, patronising the shop of Ginger and Pickles.

To mark the 110th anniversary of the publication of The Tale of Peter Rabbit, Frederick Warne & Co. commissioned British actress Emma Thompson to write The Further Tale of Peter Rabbit, in which Peter ends up in Scotland after accidentally hitching a ride on Mr. and Mrs. McGregor's wagon. The book was released on September 18, 2012. In autumn 2012, it was reported that Thompson would write more Peter Rabbit books. Her next tale, The Christmas Tale of Peter Rabbit, was released in 2013, followed by The Spectacular Tale of Peter Rabbit in 2014.

On 27 May 2021, a reboot of Peter Rabbit was released, entitled Peter Rabbit Head Over Tail, written by Rachel Bright and illustrated by Nicola Kinnear, followed by Peter Rabbit Hide and Seek in 2022, then is Peter Rabbit Up and Away in 2024.

Merchandising
Potter created a soft doll depicting Peter Rabbit and a Peter Rabbit board game shortly after the tale's first publication. The character has been depicted in a multitude of spinoff merchandise such as porcelain figurines, painting books and dishes.

Peter Rabbit was the first soft toy to be patented, in 1903, making Peter the oldest licensed character. The following year they went on sale and were mass produced by Steiff. Harrods department store in London has been selling it since at least 1910, when toys of Potter characters first appeared in their catalogues. The British publisher Frederick Warne & Co owns the trademark rights of the Beatrix Potter characters.

The Peter Rabbit (rather than other Beatrix Potter characters) stories and merchandise are very popular in Japan: many Japanese tourists visit the Lake District after becoming familiar with Potter's work at an early age at school. There is an accurate replica of Potter's house and a theme park in Japan, and a series of Mr. McGregor's gardens in one of the largest banks. Merchandisers in Japan estimate that 80% of the population have heard of Peter Rabbit.

Commemoration

A statue of Peter Rabbit is located on the grounds of Lingholm country house just outside the village of Portinscale in the Lake District, north west England, where Potter spent her summer holidays (between 1885 and 1907) and where she drew inspiration for her Peter Rabbit books. She credited the Lingholm kitchen garden as her original inspiration for Mr. McGregor's garden in The Tale of Peter Rabbit. Lingholm was listed Grade II on the National Heritage List for England in 2013.

In 2016, Peter Rabbit and other Potter characters featured on a series of UK postage stamps issued by the Royal Mail to celebrate the 150th anniversary of Beatrix Potter's birth. The same year, Peter Rabbit and other Potter characters appeared on a small number of collectors' 50p British coins.

Adaptations
In 1936, Walt Disney expressed interest in making a Peter Rabbit film. He proposed his idea of a feature-length film to Beatrix Potter, but she refused and did not give him the rights.

Peter Rabbit appears in the 1971 ballet film, The Tales of Beatrix Potter. He also was featured in HBO's 1991 Storybook Musical adaptation of The Tale of Peter Rabbit, narrated by Carol Burnett. Several of the stories featuring Peter Rabbit were also animated for the 1992 BBC anthology series, The World of Peter Rabbit and Friends and two edutainment titles published by Mindscape The Adventures of Peter Rabbit & Benjamin Bunny in 1995 and Beatrix Potter: Peter Rabbit's Math Garden in 1996. An animated children's TV series Peter Rabbit premiered on Nickelodeon and CBeebies in December 2012, with Colin DePaula voicing Peter in its first season (American version) and L. Parker Lucas taking over the role for the second season, respectively.

An animated/live-action adaptation, Peter Rabbit produced by Sony Pictures Animation, was released on 8 February 2018. James Corden voices Peter Rabbit with Domhnall Gleeson and Rose Byrne starring in the live-action role of the lead female named Bea (based on Potter herself). Other cast members include Margot Robbie, Daisy Ridley and Elizabeth Debicki. Will Gluck directed and produced the film, and Zareh Nalbandian also produced, while Lauren Abrahams oversaw the project for Sony Pictures Animation. A sequel Peter Rabbit 2: The Runaway (2021) reunited most of the cast of the previous film.

title: Peter Rabbit


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User:Zz

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Talk:Teresa Teng

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 17:39, 14 May 2023 (UTC)
 * Teresa Teng.png

wiki commons
why the picture of Teresa Teng continues to be deleted on wiki commons? what's going on? Arorapriyansh333 (talk) 14:34, 31 August 2023 (UTC)

 * You can see the reason why here Evaders99 (talk) 04:38, 1 September 2023 (UTC)
 * I can't find anything. It says the page doesn't exist. Arorapriyansh333 (talk) 14:20, 1 September 2023 (UTC)

Template Short description
Changed short description (use to show suggested search in search bar) to <>

Teresa Teng was born in Taiwan. In chinese language wikipedia all reliable sources points her as 臺灣女歌手. Another similar singer Fei Yu-ching as Taiwanese (and in chinese lang wiki 臺灣男歌手) too.

Both are descendants of civil war refugees which are still Taiwanese, for the fact that they are born in Taiwan.

Ethnic chinese are different than chinese citizens which are referred to PRC citizens. Chinese-Singaporean singer aren't chinese singer.

Unlike Fei-Yu-ching who retires but like Dolores O'Riordan Frank Sinatra who passed away, I follow the convention to mention (year born - year demise).

(about this talk page <> I tested enter a blank space character before edit this talk page and the error message is already there, so that error was already there)

Cat12zu3 (talk) 17:06, 27 October 2023 (UTC)

Next Shark
Do Next shark considered reliable? An Asian-American publication.. Arorapriyansh333 (talk) 14:23, 3 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Teresa Teng


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List of things named after Ronald Reagan

Ronald Reagan (1911–2004) was an American politician who served as president of the United States from 1981 to 1989. Many places both within and outside the United States have been named after Reagan.

The Ronald Reagan Legacy Project is an organization founded by Americans for Tax Reform, president Grover Norquist seeks to name at least one notable public landmark in each U.S. state and all 3067 counties after Reagan.

Ronald Reagan Boulevard in Warwick, New York built and dedicated in 1981 by real estate developer Frank J. Fazio was the first road to be named after Reagan. The first highway to be named after Reagan was Ronald Reagan Cross County Highway in Cincinnati.

Alabama

 * Ronald Reagan Memorial Highway (portion of Interstate 65 from Birmingham to Decatur)
 * Ronald Reagan Spirit of America Field, Decatur (Reagan visited the field in 1984.)

American Samoa

 * Ronald Reagan Shipyard in Pago Pago Harbor

Arizona

 * The Ronald Reagan Fundamental School, Yuma, Arizona
 * Ronald Reagan Road, Kingman, Arizona

Institutions

 * The Ronald Reagan Presidential Library and Center for Public Affairs in Simi Valley
 * Ronald Reagan California Republican Center, Burbank, California (headquarters of the California State Republican Party, renamed in 1996)
 * Ronald Reagan Community Center, El Cajon, California (formerly the "El Cajon Community Center", and renamed in 2004)
 * Ronald Reagan State Office Building, Los Angeles (renamed in 1990)
 * The Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles (dedicated in 2000 and opened in 2000)
 * Ronald Reagan Federal Building and Courthouse in Santa Ana (renamed in 1999)
 * Reagan Center, Los Angeles (associated with Childhelp USA)
 * Reagan Ranch Leadership Academy, Santa Barbara (affiliated with the Young America's Foundation)
 * Ronald Reagan Veteran Memorial Building, San Francisco, California (Headquarters of the American Legion Cathay Post #384, and renamed in 2006)

Schools

 * Ronald Reagan Elementary School, Bakersfield, California
 * Ronald Reagan Elementary School, Wildomar, California

 * Ronald Reagan Elementary School in Chowchilla, California
 * Ronald Reagan Park (educational site with a piece of the Berlin Wall), Verdemont, San Bernardino, California
 * Ronald Reagan Sports Park, Temecula, California (formerly named "Rancho California Sports Park", renamed in 2005)
 * Ronald Reagan Park, Diamond Bar, California

Roads

 * Ronald Reagan Freeway (State Route 118; previously named Simi Valley-San Fernando Valley Freeway, renamed in 1994)

Other

 * President Ronald Reagan Marine Corps League Detachment 597
 * Ronald Reagan Day, day of recognition observed by some U.S. states on February 6
 * Ronald Reagan Distinguished American Award, presented annually since 1991 by the Jonathan Club, Los Angeles
 * Reagan Room at The Jonathan Club, Los Angeles
 * The Ronald Reagan Penthouse at the Century Plaza Hotel in Los Angeles (The suite is the entire 30th floor of the hotel, and was one of his favorites.)
 * A Golden Palm Star on the Palm Springs Walk of Stars, dedicated to him in 1997
 * Ronald Reagan Federal Building and Courthouse in Santa Ana

Colorado

 * The Ronald Reagan Highway (Interstate 25 throughout El Paso County)

Florida
]] to Maitland, which kept the existing number but had all street signs changed
 * Florida's Turnpike designated the Ronald Reagan Turnpike, though the existing name was not changed.
 * Ronald Reagan Post Office Building, West Melbourne, Florida
 * Ronald W. Reagan Doral High School, a high school in the suburbs of Miami
 * Ronald Reagan Avenue, Miami, Florida renamed from its numerical name a major corridor in Miami.
 * Ronald Reagan Parkway, Hillsborough County, Florida
 * Ronald Reagan Boulevard, Seminole County Route 427 from [[Sanford, Florida|Sanford
 * Ronald Reagan Parkway, formerly Polk County County Road 54
 * A 25-mile section of State Road 9A in North Jacksonville was designated Ronald Reagan Highway

Georgia

 * Ronald Reagan Drive in Evans, Columbia County
 * Ronald Reagan Parkway in Gwinnett County
 * Ronald Reagan Park in Five Forks
 * Ronald Reagan Boulevard in Cumming, Forsyth County

Idaho

 * Ronald Reagan Elementary School, Nampa, Idaho

Institutions

 * The Ronald W. Reagan Society at Eureka College, Eureka, Illinois, a national group of donors who support the living legacy of Ronald Reagan at his college alma mater.
 * The Ronald and Nancy Reagan Research Center, Alzheimer's Association, Chicago
 * Birthplace of Ronald Reagan (111 S. Main St. Tampico, now a museum)
 * Ronald Reagan Boyhood Home National Historic Site (in Dixon, Illinois)
 * Reagan Park, Tampico (named 1985, formerly Railroad Park)

Roads

 * Ronald Reagan Highway (U.S. Highway 14)
 * Ronald Reagan Memorial Tollway (Interstate 88)
 * Ronald Reagan Trail
 * Reagan Drive, Eureka, Illinois (named in 1979)
 * Reagan Way, Dixon, Illinois (A portion of Hennepin Avenue where Reagan walked from his home to the swimming hole as a youth)

Schools

 * Ronald W. Reagan Middle School in Dixon, formerly Madison School.
 * Reagan Physical Education Center, Eureka College renamed in 1970 (previously named for Reagan and his brother Neil)
 * Ronald Reagan Peace Garden, Eureka College (includes a piece of the Berlin Wall)
 * Ronald W. Reagan Exhibit, Eureka College
 * Ronald W. Reagan Leadership Program, Eureka College

Indiana

 * Ronald Reagan Expressway, (Interstate 469), Fort Wayne, Indiana
 * Ronald Reagan Corridor (Indiana), Hendricks County, Indiana
 * Ronald Reagan Parkway (Indiana)

Kentucky

 * Ronald Reagan Highway (Interstate 275), Northern Kentucky, 2011

Louisiana

 * A 10 ft tall statue on a 6 ft base in Covington, Louisiana reputed to be "the world's largest" of Reagan.
 * Ronald Reagan Highway (US 190)

Mississippi

 * The Reagan Hope Home

Missouri

 * Ronald Reagan Parkway, Lake St. Louis, Missouri
 * Ronald and Nancy Reagan Center, also known as The Gillioz Theater, a historic theater in Springfield, Missouri

Nebraska

 * Ronald W. Reagan Elementary School, Omaha, Nebraska

New Hampshire

 * Mount Reagan - (NH legislature changed name in 2003, but it conflicts with "Mount Clay", still recognized by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names)

New Jersey

 * Ronald Reagan School #30 - Elizabeth, New Jersey

New York

 * Ronald Reagan Boulevard - Warwick, New York Ronald Reagan Boulevard in Warwick, New York built and dedicated in 1981 by real estate developer Frank J. Fazio was the first road to be named after Reagan.
 * The House of President Ronald Reagan at The King's College, New York, New York

North Carolina

 * Ronald W. Reagan High School, Pfafftown, Forsyth County

North Dakota

 * Ronald Reagan Minuteman Missile State Historic Site, Cooperstown, North Dakota

Ohio

 * Ronald Reagan Cross County Highway (State Route 126 north of Cincinnati), named on March 17, 1993

Pennsylvania

 * Ronald Reagan Federal Building and Courthouse, in Harrisburg (named on March 9, 2004)
 * Ronald Reagan Drive, in the Philadelphia suburb of Richland Township (2002)
 * Ronald Reagan Drive, in the Pittsburgh suburb of McCandless Township (2006)

South Dakota

 * Reagan National University

Texas

 * Ronald Reagan Avenue, Hickory Creek, Texas
 * Ronald Reagan High School, San Antonio, Texas
 * Ronald Reagan Memorial Highway, Arlington, Texas
 * Ronald Reagan Middle School, Grand Prairie, Texas
 * Ronald Reagan Building, Harris County Department of Education, Houston, Texas
 * Ronald W Reagan Blvd. Leander, TX (Suburb of Austin)

Virginia

 * Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (formerly Washington National Airport)
 * Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport Metro Station (formerly National Airport Metro Station) (On April 19, 2001, the WMATA Board voted to not rename the station. However, subsequent Republican Party Congressional threats to withhold funding caused the renaming over the objection of local leaders and residents.)
 * Ronald Wilson Reagan Memorial Highway (State Route 234, dedicated to Reagan in 2005), Prince William County
 * The Reagan Building (Richmond City)
 * Ronald W. Reagan Middle School, Prince William County

Washington, D.C.

 * Ronald Reagan Building and International Trade Center, 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue NW
 * Ronald Reagan Chair in Public Policy at The Heritage Foundation
 * Ronald Reagan College Leader Scholarship Program, 1 Massachusetts Avenue NW
 * Ronald Reagan Institute of Emergency Medicine at George Washington University Hospital (the hospital to which Ronald Reagan was taken immediately after the March 30, 1981 assassination attempt on him and named after him on the tenth anniversary of the assassination attempt.)
 * The Ronald Wilson Reagan Republican Center of the National Republican Senatorial Committee
 * Statue of Ronald Reagan, a bronze sculpture by Chas Fagan in the rotunda of the U.S. Capitol

Wisconsin

 * Ronald Wilson Reagan College Preparatory High School, Milwaukee

Statutes

 * Ronald Reagan Centennial Commission Act

Ships

 * USS Ronald Reagan (CVN-76), A nuclear-powered aircraft carrier – one of the few U.S. Navy ships that had been named after a living person

Outside the United States

 * Ronald Reagan statue in Grosvenor Square, London, United Kingdom. The statue includes a fragment of the Berlin Wall and a plaque with a quote from Tear down this wall!.
 * Ronald Reagan Ballistic Missile Defense Test Site, Marshall Islands, a United States missile range
 * Ronald Reagan Street, in Prague, Czech Republic
 * Ronald Reagan Bust statue, in Budapest City Park in 2006, Budapest, Hungary
 * Ronald Reagan bronze statue, in Liberty Square, Budapest, Hungary
 * Ronald Reagan Park, in Gdańsk, Poland
 * Ronald Reagan Square, formerly Central Square, in Kraków, Poland
 * The Ronald Reagan Statue, in Warsaw, Poland
 * Ronald Reagan Roundabout, in Wrocław, Poland
 * Ronald Reagan Monument, in Wrocław, Poland
 * Grenada Salutes Ronald Reagan, Leader of Freedom Commemorative Stamp Collection (proceeds to Ronald Reagan Scholarship Fund)
 * The Ronald Reagan Scholarship Fund, Grenada
 * Ronald Reagan bronze statue in the Rike Park, Tbilisi, Georgia
 * Rondo Ronalda Reagana - in Szczecin, Poland
 * Ronald Reagan statue on Ronald Reagan alley in the South park of Sofia, Bulgaria
 * Rondo Ronalda Reagana (Ronald Reagan Circle) Tarnów, Poland [2000]. Traffic circle that connects Pope John Paul II Street with a street leading to the Church of the Blessed Caroline.
 * Ronald Reagan Street (Vulytsia Ronalda Reihana) in Kyiv, Ukraine (2023)

Proposals for things to be named for Reagan or feature his likeness

 * The $50 bill, or the dime
 * A large interstate bridge in Kentucky
 * U.S. Highway 14 in Wisconsin (already called "Ronald Reagan Highway" in Illinois)
 * Ronald Reagan's Birthday, (February 6)
 * Ronald Reagan Memorial Highway (New Jersey Route 15)
 * 16th Street in Washington, DC
 * A street in Copenhagen, Denmark
 * A street in Chicago, Illinois
 * A park in Chicago, Illinois
 * Joachimstaler Platz in Berlin, Germany
 * The U.S. exclusive economic zone (EEZ)