text:
Iraqi Communist Party

The Iraqi Communist Party (الحزب الشيوعي العراقي al-ḥizb aš-šiyūʿī al-ʿirāqī; حیزبی شیووعیی عێراقی) is a communist party and the oldest active party in Iraq. Since its foundation in 1934, it has dominated the left in Iraqi politics. It played a prominent role in shaping the political history of Iraq between its foundation and the 1970s. The Party was involved in many of the most important national uprisings and demonstrations of the 1940s and 1950s. It suffered heavily under the Ba'ath Party and Saddam Hussein but remained an important element of the Iraqi opposition and was a vocal opponent of the United Nations sanctions imposed on Iraq after the Gulf War of 1991. It opposed the United States invasion of Iraq in 2003 but since then has participated in the new political institutions. It received little support in the Iraqi general elections of 2005. The party gained some seats in each province in which the 2013 Iraqi governorate elections were held.

The party joined the newly established Sairoun Alliance in the 2018 parliamentary elections, who gained the highest number of votes and a total of 54 seats in the Iraqi parliament. A communist woman representing the alliance, Suhad al-Khateeb, was also elected in the elections to represent the city of Najaf, deemed to be one of the holiest religious and conservative cities in Iraq. Al-Khateeb, who is a teacher and an anti-poverty and women's rights activist, said upon her victory "the Communist party have a long history of honesty – we were not agents for foreign occupations. We want social justice, citizenship, and are against sectarianism, and this is also what Iraqis want."

Roots of the party, 1924–1929
The history of Marxist ideology and organization in Iraq can be traced to a single individual, Husain al-Rahhal, a student at the Baghdad School of Law, who in 1924 formed what is now seen as the first "Marxist" study circle in Iraq. This group of young intellectuals initially began meeting in Baghdad's Haidarkhanah Mosque (a location also famous as a meeting place for revolutionaries in 1920) and discussing "new ideas" of the day. They eventually formed a small newspaper, Al-Sahifah ("The Journal"), which detailed a decidedly Marxist ideology. Membership in this circle included such influential Iraqis as Mustafa Ali, Minister of Justice under Abd al-Karim Qasim, and Mahmoud Ahmad Al-Sayyid, considered Iraq's first novelist. Al-Rahhal, an accomplished polyglot, was able to translate articles from various European Communist and Marxist newspapers, thus introducing many new ideals into Iraqi intellectual society. While the paper lacked a definite agenda or program, the majority of the writing was centered on the need to break down the strong influence of tradition in Iraqi society. This included equal rights for women and the abolition of feudal practices. After six issues and several government crackdowns, the paper published its final issue in 1927 and was permanently shut down. From this point on Al-Rahhal exerted his influence only from the background, most notably through the youth organization Nadi Al-Tadamun ("The Solidarity Club"). Through this organization he helped to inspire Iraq's first student demonstrations on 30 January 1927 (over the firing of certain controversial teachers) and 8 February 1928 (over the visit of prominent British Zionist Alfred Mond to Iraq).

1930s
In 1929, a sharp decline in international commodity prices caused a more than 40 percent drop in the value of Iraqi exports. This led to a national economic depression and massive wage reductions for many of Iraq's workers. It was at this time that Communist circles began growing among young men in Basra (led by Ghali Zuwayyid) and Nasiriyyah (led by Yusuf Salman Yusuf, "Comrade Fahd"). Several circles were also growing in Baghdad, led by such notables as Asim Flayyeh, Mahdi Hashim, and Zaki Khairi. These young men had first met during the student demonstrations of 1927 and 1928. These groups were brought together through the boycott of the British-owned Baghdad Electric Light Company, lasting from 5 December 1933 until 2 January 1934. Finally, on 8 March 1935, Jamiyyat Dudd Al-Istimar ("The Association Against Colonialism") was founded. Three days later a manifesto was issued, calling for the unification of all workers and peasants and demanding cancellation of debts, redistribution of lands, and extensions of worker's rights, including an eight-hour day. The organization, with its founders acting as regional leaders, set about publishing Iraq's first underground paper, Kifah Al-Shab ("The Struggle of the People"), and began attacking prime minister Yasin al-Hashimi, resulting in swift police crackdown and the arrests of almost all of the major leaders. By December 1935, the paper ceased to exist, having reached a circulation of about 500.

After the coup of 29 October 1936, the Iraqi Communist leaders and organizers who had eluded imprisonment helped to lead the wave of peaceful demonstrations occurring across the country, such as Ghali Zuwayyid in Basra. The party found supporters on the "Committee for National and Progressive Reform" (which organized popular support in Baghdad) and even secured two supporters in the newly elected parliament. Bakr Sidqi, the leader of the coup and now the new power in the government, quickly issued attacks on the party, and was met with labor strikes across the nation. Sidqi responded with further crackdowns, and many of the Communist reformers fled the cause. Despite the assassination of Sidqi in 1937, the damage had been done, leaving the leadership of the party in the hands of Zaki Khairi, who sought new support for the party among the lower ranks of the military throughout the late 1930s.

The Iraqi Communist Party stood firmly against anti-Semitism and was wary of fascist trends among right-wing parties.

1940s

World War II posed a difficult predicament for the ICP, who looked to the Soviet Union for guidance but also vehemently opposed supporting the British Empire, whose occupation of Iraq after the 1941 Anglo-Iraqi War was partially premised on keeping supply lines open to the Soviets. After Nazi Germany launched an invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, the ICP hesitated to officially lend their support to either side. While their ideological allies were the Soviet Union, the Soviets were allied with the British, and the Germans also had significant influence in Iraq during the time of the Ottoman Empire. The party eventually decided to support the Allies in May 1942, which essentially aligned them with the Iraqi monarchy and the landowners for the time being.

In 1941, Yusuf Salman Yusuf became secretary general of the party, and set about revamping the organization and expanding membership among the working classes. He successfully laid the basis for the mass party of later years, and under his leadership the party became a considerable force among the Iraqi working class and a major focus for protest against British involvement in Iraqi affairs. In 1942 some of his decisions fell under criticism, and eventually split the party into several factions, each with their own newspaper. In 1944 the party launched a clandestine campaign to organize the nation's industrial workers, spearheaded by lower middle class intellectuals. This led to a party conference in March 1944 and eventually to the party's first congress in 1945, at which the dissidents of 1942 were reinstated into the party ranks.

Anti-British sentiment came back into the forefront of party concerns in April 1945, as the cost of living in the country grew higher and higher. The party attacked the Iraqi government with criticisms and outright condemnations after the killing of protestors in June and July 1946, and as a result Fahd was arrested and sentenced to death, later reduced to life in prison. Between 1944 and 1946, major percentages (30-60%) of oil and railway workers, along with port workers in Basra, were unionized, all with ICP members as union leaders. As a result, massive strikes were organized between 1945 and 1947, demanding wage increases and the legalization of union organizations. The government initially granted wage increases, but soon dismantled the unions and arrested their leaders, contributing to Al-Wathbah, a period of urban unrest in Baghdad, beginning in January 1948. Another major issue for the party at this time was the Palestinian Question. Despite earlier support of Palestinian rights of self-determination, in July 1948 the party fell in line with Moscow's position of supporting a Zionist state. The party lost many supporters among the public because of this, and many members also resigned and left the party ranks in anger.

While this period brought many organizational victories for the party, it also brought devastating response from the government, due to the party's role in the al-Wathbah uprisings. Fahd and two fellow ICP members were publicly hanged in 1949, after being accused of organizing agitation from prison. The party was nearly decimated, and a period of reconstruction was to follow.

1950–1958
After the devastations of the late 40s, the composition of the party went through some serious changes. The severely weakened organization was carried through the early 50s by growing Kurdish support and for the period 1949-1950 the party was actually led from Kurdistan instead of Baghdad. Nearly the entirety of the old, largely Baghdadi leadership had been imprisoned, including communist leaders like Krikor Badrossian, and the Kurdish members quickly filled the resulting void. This period also saw a drastic drop in Jewish membership, undoubtedly connected to Operation Ezra and Nehemiah, the massive exodus of approximately 120,000 Jews from Iraq at this time. Between 1952 and 1954 a series of uprisings led to the establishment of martial law, the outlawing of all political parties, cultural circles, unions, and independent media, and the arrests of their leaders. This policy was instituted during one of Nuri al-Said's many periods of control over the government. The ICP, which had always been an illegal organization, adopted a new national charter in 1953 which differed from the 1944 charter in that it accepted possible secession of the Kurdish people. At this time, according to one source, the party numbered about 500. Riots over prison conditions broke out in June and September 1953, first in Baghdad and then in Kut, resulting in the deaths of many Communist political prisoners at the hands of the police. This caused a national outcry and won many sympathizers to the side of the Communist cause. At the second party Congress in 1956, the party officially adopted a pan-Arabist stance. This was inspired not only by the arms agreement between Egypt and the USSR in July 1955, but also by Egypt's nationalization of the Suez Canal the following year, resulting in an Anglo-French-Israeli attack on Egypt. This pro-Nasserist stance would eventually become a point of conflict after the 1958 revolution. In 1958, the party supported the revolution and the new government of Abd al-Karim Qasim, who relied to a considerable degree on its support.

The party under Qasim, 1958–1963
The relationship between the party and Abd al-Karim Qasim was positive. After the monarchy was overthrown, ICP's Naziha al-Dulaimi was picked by Qasim as Minister of Municipalities in the 1959 cabinet as the sole representative of the ICP in his republican government. She was the first woman minister in Iraq's modern history and the first woman cabinet minister in the Arab world. Qasim was supported in his investiture as Prime Minister in part by the Communist Party (who he had earlier lifted a ban on), giving several ranks to them and establishing slightly improved relations with the Soviet Union.

The party under Ba'athist rule
The Ba'athist coup of 8 February 1963 was accompanied by street fighting as Communist activists and supporters resisted the coup attempt. Fighting in Baghdad continued for three days, concentrated in the party's strongholds. When the Baath consolidated its power the ICP suffered an unprecedented campaign of suppression. Leading figures and cadres of the Party killed, including Husain al-Radi. The total number of communists killed is unknown, but was certainly in the dozens.

In the mid-1960s, the U.S. State Department estimated the party membership to be approximately 15,000 (0.47% of the working age population of the country).

In 1967, Aziz al-Hajj split from the ICP, establishing the Iraqi Communist Party-Central Command, and initiated an armed struggle, which the ICP at the time opposed.

In 1973, ICP secretary Aziz Muhammad signed a National Action Pact with Iraqi President Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, forming a National Progressive Front together with the Ba'ath Party. The ICP was permitted to operate legally, publish and revive its flanking organisations. Alexei Kosygin's visit forced the Iraqi Communist Party (ICP) to improve its relations with the Ba'ath Party; two ICP members were given cabinet positions and repression of the ICP ended. However, this was coupled with elements of repression, and by the autumn of 1974 the party tried to increase its security through a more clandestine mode of operation. In 1978 Saddam Hussein unleashed a renewed campaign of repression against the party, including the execution of large numbers of party members. In 1979, the party broke ties with the Iraqi government.

In 1993, the Kurdish branch of the party was transformed into a semi-autonomous party, the Communist Party of Kurdistan – Iraq.

After the American occupation of Iraq
The Iraqi Communist Party opposed the US invasion of Iraq in 2003 but decided to work with the new political institutions established after the occupation. Its secretary, Hamid Majid Mousa, accepted a position on the Iraqi Governing Council. The party was the principal component of the People's Union (Iraq) list for the general election on 30 January 2005 (see January 2005 Iraqi parliamentary election) but filed separate lists in some governorate council elections (see for instance 2005 Ninawa governorate council election). For the December 2005 Iraqi parliamentary election, the party has joined the Iraqi National List of Ayad Allawi, along with other socialist, secular, moderate Sunni and moderate Shiite parties.

For the 2018 general election, the Communist Party would be in the Alliance towards Reforms, which made significant gains.

2019–present
The party was supportive of the 2019-2021 Iraqi protests and boycotted the 2021 Iraqi parliamentary elections, stating:

"In light of the deepening political and social crisis in the country, with the dominant forces monopolizing political power and imposing their control over the country’s destinies and the direction of social development, the widespread corruption and the lack of prosecution for the most corrupt, the assassinations, kidnappings and intimidation, in addition to the deterioration of the living conditions of the people, especially the working people, due to the increase in poverty and unemployment, and the absence of basic services... Under these complex conditions, laden with crises and risks, talk of providing an atmosphere conducive to holding free and fair elections has become nothing but an illusion exposed by the tragic daily realities and the bitter suffering of millions. Based on this, we announced in the statement issued by the party’s Central Committee on 9th May 2021, the suspension of our participation in the elections in October."

Party institution and symbols
The party newspaper is Tariq ash-Shaab (Path of the People). It also publishes the magazine Al-Thakafa Al-Jedida (The New Culture). The youth wing of the party is the Iraqi Democratic Youth Federation. The motto of the party is "a free homeland and a happy people" (وطن حر وشعب سعيد watanun hurrun wa sha'bun sa'id).

Leadership list
The following is a list of persons who served as Secretary or First Secretary of the Iraqi Communist Party, the party's primary leadership position. Given the occasional suppression of the party and resultant lapses in its activity, the position was at times vacant.

title: Iraqi Communist Party


text:
Talk:Chin-up bar

Danger
"once ubiquitous" -- what happened? Too dangerous? --Quester 08:35, 1 Jun 2004 (UTC)
 * Good question. I know I've been reading about playground equipment issues for many years but I haven't found anything definitive in the way of lawsuits, changes in the law, statistics on injuries, or whatever. I haven't looked *really* hard, but it would be nice for all playground equipment to know what spurred the changes. Elf | Talk 20:34, 1 Jun 2004 (UTC)

 * The author may be referring to his childhood memories. The playgrounds are still there; the author hopefully doesn't frequent them at this point.

 * Voting for topic deletion. Kortoso (talk) 20:12, 25 May 2014 (UTC)

Etymology
Is there any information besides the single reference that "chin-up bar" is the proper term for these things? It seems unusual considering the variety of actions that can be done on them. In the image, the child on the left isn't even bringing his chin over the bar, he's bringing his legs up and doing something of a horizantal row. Dictabeard (talk) 08:15, 28 January 2011 (UTC)
 * Maybe it's a "pull-up bar". Google is your friend. Kortoso (talk) 16:34, 10 September 2014 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Chin-up bar


text:
Silvino Francisco

Silvino Francisco (born 3 May 1946) is a South African former professional snooker player who won the 1985 British Open.

Snooker career
Francisco comes from a snooker-playing family. His brother Manuel and nephew Peter both played at a high level, Manuel having been a runner-up in the World Amateur Billiards Championship on several occasions, and Peter having risen to the world ranking of number 14.

Francisco won the 1985 British Open, beating Kirk Stevens 12–9. Prior to the start of the Final match, Francisco accused Stevens of playing under the influence of drugs. Francisco was subsequently fined for the comments. The world governing body of snooker, the WPBSA, accepted that the accusation was false and it is on record that Kirk Stevens has never failed a drugs test in the history of his career. Stevens later admitted to having an addiction to cocaine.

He was involved in another scandal after the 1989 Masters. After losing 5–1 to Terry Griffiths in the last-16, it was discovered that there had been heavy betting on that exact score. Francisco was arrested, but later released without charge.

Personal life
Francisco suffered with gambling problems towards the end of his professional career, to the extent of being declared bankrupt in 1996 due to income tax arrears, having split up from his second wife who claimed his £350,000 house, and having to pay maintenance for his four children. He later took to working evenings in a friend's fish and chip shop for extra cash.

In 1997, he was arrested for smuggling cannabis, and served three years in prison.

title: Silvino Francisco


text:
User talk:Chaionlife03

Hey, Welcome to Wikipedia.

I see you following the cardinal rule of Wikipedia Be Bold!. One thing to be careful of is whether the source is copyright or not.

If you ever need to experiment try: Sandbox If you are writing an article and want to polish it before you put it up in the main name space, try creating a sub page off your user page like this User:Burgundavia/test

Always useful links:
 * Manual of Style
 * Help
 * Village pump
 * What Wikipedia is not

Have fun, and if you have any further questions, write on my talk page. Burgundavia 08:39, 1 Jun 2004 (UTC)
 * Note, I listed Atelier and Prada on Cleanup. This is NOT an insult to you. I merely listed them there so they could receive some wikilove, even by you. Burgundavia 08:43, 1 Jun 2004 (UTC)

title: User talk:Chaionlife03


text:
Don Drummond

Don Drummond (12 March 1934  – 6 May 1969) was a Jamaican ska trombonist and composer. He was one of the original members of The Skatalites, and composed many of their tunes. In 1966, Drummond was convicted of murdering his 23-year-old lover, Anita "Marguerita" Mahfood.

Biography
Drummond was born at the Jubilee Hospital in Kingston, Jamaica, to Doris Monroe and Uriah Drummond. He was educated at Kingston's Alpha Boys School, where he later tutored his younger schoolmate Rico Rodriguez playing the trombone.

His musical career began in 1950 with the Eric Dean's All-Stars where he performed jazz. He continued into the 1960s with others, including Kenny Williams.

After performing jazz for a decade, Drummond began performing ska and in 1964 he joined The Skatalites. With Drummond's politicized conversion to the Rastafari movement, other band members followed his lead. He became a household name in Jamaica, before suffering mental health problems. It has been said that pianist George Shearing rated him as being among the world's top five trombone players.

On 2 January 1965, Drummond's live-in lover, Anita "Marguerita" Mahfood, was found dead with four stab wounds to the chest. Drummond reported to the police that Mahfood had stabbed herself, but, in 1966, he was found guilty of her murder. Drummond was ruled criminally insane and imprisoned at Bellevue Asylum, Kingston, where he remained until his death four years later. The official cause of death was "natural causes", possibly heart failure caused by malnutrition or improper medication, but other theories were put forward; some of his colleagues believed it was a government plot against the Kingston musical scene, and some believed that he was killed by gangsters as revenge for the murder of Mahfood. Heather Augustyn, author of a biography of Drummond published in 2013 claimed to have proved that Drummond's death was caused by his medications.

Legacy
In 2013, a ballet telling the story of Drummond's life was performed by the National Dance Theatre Company of Jamaica. Created by Clive Thompson, the ballet is titled Malungu, which was Mahfood's pet name for Drummond.

In 2013 a comprehensive biography of Don Drummond was published by McFarland Publishing. Don Drummond: The Genius and Tragedy of the World's Greatest Trombonist by Heather Augustyn features a foreword by Delfeayo Marsalis.

title: Don Drummond


text:
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title: User:Lupo/monobook.css


text:
1986–87 snooker world rankings

The World Professional Billiards and Snooker Association (WPBSA), the governing body for professional snooker, first introduced a ranking system for professional players in 1976, with the aim of seeding players for the World Snooker Championship. The reigning champion would be automatically seeded first, the losing finalist from the previous year seeded second, and the other seedings based on the ranking list. Initially, the rankings were based on performances in the preceding three world championships. The list for the 1986–87 snooker season was the first to only take account of results over two seasons.

Steve Davis retained first place in the rankings, with a lead described by the snooker historian Clive Everton as a "massive margin of 18 points". Also retaining his position, in second, was Cliff Thorburn, while Dennis Taylor overtook Tony Knowles for third place. The 1986 world champion Joe Johnson rose from 16th to 8th, and six-time world champion Ray Reardon fell from 6th to 15th.

Liam Kelly of the Evening Herald commented that although the WPBSA's ranking system was intended to be fair, it was "cumbersome and complicated". He noted that WPBSA chairman Rex Williams was ranked 16th instead of John Parrott, who had the same number of ranking points as Williams but more merit points, and argued that this "called into question [the] entire system." Players in the top 16 of the rankings were seeded into the last-32 round of the 1987 World Snooker Championship, and received invitations to the 1987 Masters; in the 1985–86 snooker season the top 16 players were guaranteed at least £11,773.50 in prize money, while players ranked 17th to 32nd were only guaranteed to earn £4,570.50. Williams had been ranked 27th the previous season. Neal Foulds, ranked in the top 16 for the first time for 1986–87, moved up to 13th from 23rd place. The two players who lost their places in the top 16 were Eddie Charlton, who dropped from 12th to 25th, and David Taylor who went from 14th to 21st.

The highest-ranked of the players who had been competing professionally for only one season were Barry West (30th), Tony Drago (37th) and Stephen Hendry (51st). Among the players who changed their ranking significantly from the previous year were Peter Francisco (59th to 26th), Steve Duggan (70th to 35th), and Roger Bales (100th to 66th).

Points tariff and basis of ranking
Ranking was determined as follows:
 * By number of ranking points;
 * If players had an equal number of ranking points, precedence was given to the player with the better performances in the 1985–86 season;
 * If players were still equal, merit points were considered. If they were still tied, precedence was given to the player with the better performances in the 1985–86 season;
 * If players were still equal, A points were considered. If they were still tied, precedence was given to the player with the better in the 1985–86 season;
 * If players were still equal, frames won were considered. If they were still tied, precedence was given the player with the better in the 1985–86 season.

title: 1986–87 snooker world rankings


text:
User:Topbanana/Reports/Over half the links on this page are broken

''This report has been discontinued. It was interesting but ultimately not useful. - TB 11:58, Jun 21, 2004 (UTC)''


text:
Category:Electromagnetism

Electromagnetism is the set of phenomena associated with electricity and magnetism.

title: Category:Electromagnetism


text:
Nuclear Disarmament Party

The Nuclear Disarmament Party (NDP) was an Australian political party formed in June 1984. It was founded by medical researcher Michael Denborough as the political arm of the Australian anti-nuclear movement, which had been active since the early 1970s.

The NDP primarily attracted left-wing Labor Party voters who were disillusioned with Bob Hawke's pro-nuclear stance. At the 1984 federal election, the NDP polled 7.23 percent of the total Senate vote, electing Jo Vallentine as a senator for Western Australia. However, Vallentine resigned from the party before taking her seat, due to allegations of a takeover by Trotskyists affiliated with the Socialist Workers Party. The NDP's vote collapsed to 1.1 percent at the 1987 election – a double dissolution. Robert Wood was elected as a senator for New South Wales, but after less than a year in office was disqualified by the Court of Disputed Returns and replaced by Irina Dunn. However, Dunn was expelled from the party after less than a month in office, and like Vallentine served out the rest of her term as an independent.

The NDP had no electoral success after 1987, and the 1990 election was the last at which the party ran a serious campaign. After several years of inactivity, the party was revived for the 1998 election. It attracted little support in its second manifestation, and was eventually formally disbanded in December 2009, when it voluntarily relinquished its registration with the Australian Electoral Commission (AEC). In the meantime, many of its initial members had either returned to the Labor Party or become involved with the Australian Greens.

Foundation, the 1984 election, and the split
The NDP was founded by Canberra doctor and peace activist Michael Denborough in response to the world political situation in the early 1980s, particularly the arms race between the United States under Ronald Reagan and the Soviet Union. Such activists were disappointed that the Australian Labor Party government of Bob Hawke, elected in 1983, had not taken a stronger stance against the policies of the U.S., and also that Hawke had overturned a long-standing ALP policy not to mine uranium, and had allowed mining in South Australia at Olympic Dam near Roxby Downs, which has since become one of the largest uranium mines in the world.

At the December 1984 federal election the NDP received 643,061 votes (7.23% of the total), and exceeded 4% in every state except Tasmania, where it received 3.9%. Amongst the NDP candidates were Peter Garrett, a rock singer, and Jean Melzer, a former Victorian ALP senator. Garrett polled 9.6% of the vote in NSW, and Melzer polled 7.3% in Victoria. Because of an adverse distribution of preferences (see Australian electoral system), neither Garrett nor Melzer was elected. However, Western Australian peace activist Jo Vallentine was elected to the Senate.

In April 1985, Vallentine, Garrett and Melzer, along with 30 other members, walked out of the national conference in Melbourne and resigned from the NDP, claiming that the party had been taken over by the Socialist Workers Party (SWP), a Trotskyist group. In the wake of the split, Vallentine became an independent 'senator for nuclear disarmament' and went on to be re-elected as a ‘Vallentine Peace Group’ candidate in the double dissolution election of 1987.

1985 Nunawading by-election
Due to a tied vote in the Victorian upper house province of Nunawading, and having the winning vote drawn from a hat, a Labor government for the first time in its history had control of the Victorian Legislative Council. A fresh election was ordered by the Court of Disputed Returns. The Liberals won re-election and Labor lost its slim majority. Within a week of polling day Mr Martin Peake, Chairman of the Victorian Nuclear Disarmament Party, lodged an official complaint with the Chief Electoral Officer of Victoria, about a deceptive NDP how to vote card handed out at the booths. In essence, the Victorian ALP state secretary organised forged NDP how-to-vote cards and members of the Labor Party were recognised handing out this card and that the allocation of preferences to the ALP on the card damaged the NDP. The government entered a cover-up to protect its state secretary Peter Batchelor and the Labor party. As police investigated the case, the culprits blamed the Socialist Workers Party.

1987 federal election and aftermath
After this the NDP consisted of a  group of activists led by Denborough. At the July 1987 federal election, the party's Senate vote in New South Wales fell from 9.6% to 1.5%. However, after distribution of preferences from other minor parties, the NDP's Robert Wood received more than the 7.7% quota, and hence was duly elected. In May 1988, however, Wood, who was born in the United Kingdom, was disqualified from membership of the Senate on the grounds that he had not been an Australian citizen at the time of nomination. Wood's seat was won on a recount of the ballots by the second candidate on the NDP ticket in NSW, Irina Dunn.

When Wood was subsequently granted Australian citizenship he became eligible to be a member of parliament. The New South Wales Branch of the NDP asked Dunn to resign so they could seek to have Wood appointed to fill the casual vacancy. This might have allowed Wood to re-enter the Senate, but Dunn refused, citing various difficulties and risks with this scenario. The NDP state branch passed a vote of no confidence in her, and she resigned from the party on 22 August 1988, the day she was sworn in to the senate. Like Wood and Vallentine, Dunn described herself as a Senator for Nuclear Disarmament having already distanced herself from the NDP. She lost her Senate place at the 1990 election.

Later years and demise
At the 1990 election, the NDP only ran candidates in New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory, and the Northern Territory. Robert Wood was the lead candidate in New South Wales, and polled 1.04% of the statewide senate vote – more than Irina Dunn's independent ticket, but not nearly enough to be elected. The NDP was voluntarily deregistered by the Australian Electoral Commission (AEC) on 23 April 1992. It was re-registered on 7 May 1998, and stood candidates at another four federal elections (1998, 2001, 2004, and 2007) before again being voluntarily deregistered in December 2009.

Newsletter

 * Newsletter (Nuclear Disarmament Party (Australia). A.C.T. Branch). . No. 1 ([1984])-no. 38 (Dec. 1991)

title: Nuclear Disarmament Party


text:
Karen Morley

Karen Morley (born Mildred Linton; December 12, 1909 – March 8, 2003) was an American film actress.

Life and career
Born Mildred Linton in Ottumwa, Iowa, Morley lived there until she was 13 years old. When she moved to Hollywood, she attended Hollywood High School. She went on to attend the University of California, but she dropped out to join the Los Angeles Civic Repertory Theatre and the Pasadena Playhouse.

After working at the Pasadena Playhouse, she came to the attention of the director Clarence Brown, at a time when he had been looking for an actress to stand in for Greta Garbo in screen tests. This led to a contract with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and roles in films such as Mata Hari (1931), Scarface (1932), The Phantom of Crestwood (1932), The Mask of Fu Manchu (1932), Arsene Lupin (1933), Gabriel Over the White House (1933), and Dinner at Eight (1933).

In 1934, Morley left MGM. Her first film after leaving the studio was Our Daily Bread (1934), directed by King Vidor. She continued to work as a freelance performer and appeared in Michael Curtiz's Black Fury, and The Littlest Rebel with Shirley Temple. Without the support of a studio, her roles became less frequent; however, she did play Mr. Collins' wife Charlotte Lucas in Pride and Prejudice (1940), which was produced by MGM. The film was critically well-received, but it did not advance her career; as a result, Morley turned her attention to stage plays.

In the early 1940s, she appeared in several plays on Broadway, including the role of Gerda in the original production of The Walrus and The Carpenter.

Her career came to an end in 1947 (November 1952) when she testified before the House Un-American Activities Committee and refused to answer questions about her alleged American Communist Party membership. She maintained her political activism for the rest of her life. In 1954, she ran unsuccessfully for lieutenant governor of New York on the American Labor Party ticket.

After being blacklisted in Hollywood by the studio bosses, she never rebuilt her film acting career.

In the early 1970s, Karen Morley briefly resumed her acting career with guest roles in television series such as Kojak, Kung Fu, and Police Woman.

In 1993, she appeared in The Great Depression, a documentary TV series produced by Henry Hampton's Blackside Productions in association with BBC2 and WGBH. In the series, she talked about how helpless she felt as a privileged Hollywood actress in the face of all the poverty and suffering that surrounded her. She also spoke of her experience making Our Daily Bread and working for King Vidor, whom she described as a conservative who thought that people should willingly help each other without government interference.

In December 1999, at the age of 90, she appeared in Vanity Fair in an article about blacklist survivors, and she was honored at the San Francisco Film Festival.

Personal life
In November 1932, Morley married director Charles Vidor in Santa Ana, California. They were divorced on March 2, 1943. Vidor and Morley had a son, Michael Charles Vidor.

Death
Morley lived in Santa Monica, California during her later years. She died of pneumonia at the age of 93 in Woodland Hills, California.

Partial filmography

 * Thru Different Eyes (1929) as bit part (uncredited)
 * Inspiration (1931) as Liane Latour
 * Daybreak (1931) as Emily Kessner
 * Never the Twain Shall Meet (1931) as Maisie
 * Politics (1931) as Myrtle Burns
 * High Stakes (1931) as Anne Cornwall
 * The Sin of Madelon Claudet (1931) as Alice
 * The Cuban Love Song (1931) as Crystal
 * Mata Hari (1931) as Carlotta
 * Arsene Lupin (1932) as Sonia
 * Are You Listening? (1932) as Alice Grimes
 * Scarface (1932) as Poppy
 * The Man About Town (1932) as Helena
 * The Washington Masquerade (1932) as Consuela Fairbanks
 * Downstairs (1932) as Karl's New Employer (uncredited)
 * The Phantom of Crestwood (1932) as Jenny Wren
 * The Mask of Fu Manchu (1932) as Sheila Barton
 * Flesh (1932) as Laura Nash
 * Gabriel Over the White House (1933) as Pendola Molloy
 * Dinner at Eight (1933) as Mrs. Lucy Talbot
 * The Crime Doctor (1934) as Andra
 * Our Daily Bread (1934) as Mary Sims
 * Straight Is the Way (1934) as Bertha
 * Wednesday's Child (1934) as Kathryn Phillips
 * Black Fury (1935) as Anna Novak
 * $10 Raise (1935) as Emily Converse
 * The Healer (1935) as Evelyn Allen
 * Thunder in the Night (1935) as Madalaine
 * The Littlest Rebel (1935) as Mrs. Cary
 * Devil's Squadron (1936) as Martha Dawson
 * Beloved Enemy (1936) as Cathleen O'Brien
 * Outcast (1937) as Margaret Stevens
 * The Girl from Scotland Yard (1937) as Linda Beech
 * The Last Train from Madrid (1937) as Baroness Helene Rafitte
 * On Such a Night (1937) as Gail Stanley
 * Kentucky (1938) as Mrs. Goodwin - 1861
 * Pride and Prejudice (1940) as Mrs. Collins
 * Jealousy (1945) as Dr. Monica Anderson
 * The Unknown (1946) as Rachel Martin Arnold
 * The Thirteenth Hour (1947) as Eileen Blair
 * Framed (1947) as Beth
 * Samson and Delilah (1949) (uncredited)
 * M (1951) as Mrs. Coster
 * Born to the Saddle (1953) as Kate Daggett

title: Karen Morley


text:
Area-7

Area-7 (also known as Area 7) are an Australian ska punk band. Formed in Melbourne in 1994, they have released four studio albums, No Logic!, Bitter & Twisted, Say It To My Face and  Torn Apart. At the ARIA Music Awards of 2000, Bitter & Twisted was nominated for ARIA Award for Best Rock Album in the World.

History
Area-7 was formed in 1994 by members of Madness cover band Mad Not Madness. In 1994 four members, Ivan Downey, Dugald "Doogs" McNaughtan (keyboards), Charles "Chucky T" Thompson (guitar) and Dan Morrison (drums) left the group and began to write their own songs. In 1994, Area-7 self-released a cassette titled Demo Tape 1994 featuring 4 tracks. Alistair Shepherd (sax), Toby Dargaville (trumpet) and Rohan Pacey (bass) joined in 1995 and the same year released their debut studio album No Logic.

In 2000, the group released Bitter & Twisted, which at the ARIA Music Awards of 2000 was nominated for ARIA Award for Best Rock Album.

In October 2001, the group released Say It to My Face which peaked at number 36 on the ARIA charts.

Whilst AREA-7 has never "officially split", since 2005 the band has been playing "when they feel like it" or as they put it, "for special occasions".

Drummer and founding member Dan Morrison died on 1 December 2020.

title: Area-7


text:
User:Yubcvan

You will be surprised by the beauty that can be seen from inside an encyclopedia.

title: User:Yubcvan


text:
Flagstaff railway station

Flagstaff railway station is a commuter railway station on the Burnley, Caulfield, Clifton Hill and Northern group lines, serving the Melbourne CBD in Victoria, Australia. Flagstaff is an underground premium station on the City Loop, featuring four platforms, two island platforms on two floors connected to street level via an underground concourses. It opened on 27 May 1985.

The station takes its name from the nearby Flagstaff Hill, a significant site in Melbourne's early colonial history, and serves Melbourne's legal district. It is located under La Trobe and William streets, near the north-western corner of the CBD.

History
The station was constructed by mining methods, and has four levels to a maximum depth of 32 metres. The site was a geological "sandwich" of basalt in the arch area, Silurian mudstone bedrock in the lower half, and silt in the middle, which precluded the construction of lower and upper platforms as separately driven tunnels.

Instead, the station platforms consist of two chambers linked by cross tunnels, each having two platforms on top of each other. The side of each chamber was made up of two drift tunnels, one at the top and one at the bottom. They were then linked by 228 vertically raise bored shafts, a metre in diameter and three metres apart. The shafts and drifts were then filled with concrete, and formed the side skeleton of the station chambers. The arch of each chamber was then constructed across the top of the two side walls, the material below the arch being excavated down to the bottom of the side walls, with temporary cross struts added between the raise bored columns, until the permanent elements were added. That innovative method resulted in a $1 million saving in construction costs.

Flagstaff was the last station to open on the City Loop. Although trains had run through the station site since 24 January 1981, when the Loop began operating, Flagstaff did not open to passengers until 27 May 1985. Initially, the City Loop did not operate at all on Sundays. That was changed with the introduction of Sunday trading but, at the same time that the other two underground loop stations opened on Sundays, Flagstaff station had its Saturday services cancelled.

In May 2017, CDC Melbourne operated bus route 605 to Gardenvale from Flagstaff Station.

In 2017/18, Flagstaff was the sixth-busiest station on Melbourne's metropolitan network, with 4.75 million passenger movements. Flagstaff station began opening on weekends and public holidays from 1 January 2016. It had been the only station in Melbourne to be closed on weekends and public holidays. That was due to its proximity to business-related buildings such as the Commonwealth Law Complex, banks and major office buildings, which were usually closed on weekends and public holidays.

Facilities
The station is located under the intersection of La Trobe and William streets and has two entrances – via lift or escalator south of La Trobe Street, and by stairs on the north. Flagstaff has three underground levels. The concourse level has a ticket office, ticket-operated gates, toilets, a news stand and a hot snack shop. Flagstaff's four platforms are on the two levels below, with each level having an island platform. The levels are linked by elevators, 14 escalators and stairs. The four platforms serve a separate group of rail lines that leave the loop and radiate out into the city's suburbs.

Weekend opening campaign
In October 2012, it was revealed that traders and residents in the north-west area of the Melbourne CBD had begun a campaign to have Flagstaff station opened on weekends, arguing that its closure had a deadening effect on the life of the area. However, a petition calling for the station's weekend opening only collected about 150 signatures in the first week.

After a number of residential developments had been built in the area, the station was scheduled to open on weekends from June 2015, with both major political parties having committed to that in the 2014 Victorian state election. However, that was deferred until January 2016.

title: Flagstaff railway station


text: Category:Baseball teams

title: Category:Baseball teams


text:
Talk:Xindi (Star Trek)

speech
Er, this entry has a bit of out of place Star Trek jargon: "Terran" for things from earth, etc. Use regular English.:) - unsigned User Talk:172.175.240.94

 * Xindi sounds a bit like Sindhi (language spoken in the province of Sindh, Pakistan), and the planet Xindus like the river Indus/Sindhus.

The Xindi commit a terroristic act. Is this just an accident or a tastelessness? - unsigned User Talk:217.232.250.111

 * Xindi incenerated a thin line from florida to venezuella. That weapon was a prototype, they sent the actual weapon later on, you see it in action at season 3 last episode. -- Cat chi? 20:53, 10 May 2005 (UTC)

Temporal Cold War
Why is the Xindi included as part of the Temporal Cold War? They're part of an invasion from another dimension. That's a big difference, unless you're going to count everyone who can time travel as part of the temporal cold war. 132.205.15.43 01:55, 4 May 2005 (UTC)
 * The spehere builders interfered with the developement of xindi, the xindi were not supposed to attack earth according to daniels. -- Cat chi? 20:51, 10 May 2005 (UTC)

Terran
Terran is "Human" only in paralel universe -- Cat chi? 20:56, 10 May 2005 (UTC)

Dominion similarities
Many aspects of the Xindi were seemingly taken from the Dominion, ie one race being worshipped as gods, the various species that work together and even the fact that the Sphere Builders look like the Founders! -- Tough Little Ship 20:01, 8 March 2006 (UTC)

Xindi in other Star Trek series
In the Star Trek: The Next Generation episode "The Battle", the Stargazer is to be towed to a Xindi starbase. This article talks about them solely in the Enterprise timeline. What other references to them are there in the various series? Hackwrench 20:35, 14 September 2006 (UTC)

there are no other references

5/6 subspecies?
opening paragraph says 5 subspecies but 6 are listed in body - what's that about? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Trcunning (talk • contribs) 21:53, 22 February 2007 (UTC).

There are, as of the date of ENT, five extant subspecies, the sixth having gone extinct in recent times

Xindi Quote
Added the quote by Kessick about the 5 different species... should be mostly correct. One of my favorite lines about the Xindi and I couldn't find it anywhere!

Fair use rationale for Image:Xindi-sloth.jpg
Image:Xindi-sloth.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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Fair use rationale for Image:Xindi-reptilian.jpg
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Fair use rationale for Image:Xindi-insectoid.jpg
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Fair use rationale for Image:Xindi-humanoid.jpg
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Fair use rationale for Image:Xindi-aquatics.jpg
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Questions about the article
Does it say in the series anywhere that the Xindi-Avians had no spaceships? How'd they get to this other world then? Or was the Xindi Council held at what was left of their destroyed world?

In the Xindi-Primates section, it mentions they were one of the first to be told about the human threat. I thought it was done at council before all of them. Does it say anywhere in the series they were the first?

I removed some inaccurate information about the Xindi-reptiles. They had a weapon captured in one episode, and it didn't explode when opened and examined, but only when they tried to fire it. All sides have an equal vote, they not having any political dominance. They did later do what the guardians told them to, with the promise that they'd be put in charge of all Xindi.  D r e a m Focus  04:35, 18 December 2010 (UTC)

Humans
This edit by Jabberjawjapan is ridiculous and should be reverted. "Humans" is spelled with a lower-case h. Placing "Humans" always in capitals is incorrect. Star Trek articles have no special exemption from the normal rules of grammar, and trying to grant them one is frankly disruptive, a nice example of the kind of thing that gives Wikipedia a bad reputation. If Human (Star Trek) also places "Humans" in capitals, that only shows that it also needs to be changed. FreeKnowledgeCreator (talk) 09:47, 20 February 2015 (UTC)
 * I agree that there should be clear discussion and consensus on this, but the place to do it is here... Thanks. Jabberjawjapan (talk) 10:08, 20 February 2015 (UTC)
 * No. We are having a dispute about this article, Jabberjawjapan, so the discussion can be had here. At the other article, you tried to start a thread titled "In the Star Trek universe, are people from Earth collectively called "humans" or "Humans"?" That's not a relevant question. This is not "the Star Trek universe". This is Wikipedia, and articles are written in normal English, not Star Trek-ese. There are rules against articles being written in an "in-universe" fashion, as you would apparently like to do. Kindly refer to WP:MOSFICT: "Wikipedia articles should describe fiction and fictional elements from the perspective of the real world, not from the perspective of the fiction itself." We follow the rules of English grammar and spelling. I await your response. I will consider reverting you if you provide none. FreeKnowledgeCreator (talk) 04:15, 21 February 2015 (UTC)

Some comments:
 * I am uncomfortable with the tone that has been used so far. Use of words/phrases such as "ridiculous", "disruptive", "the kind of thing that gives Wikipedia a bad reputation", and "as you would apparently like to do" do not mirror my understanding of Civility.  I would appreciate your consideration of and attention to this matter.

 * I disagree regarding discussion locale, since the dispute is not about the Xindi per se, but the specific usage of "Humans" on Star Trek wikipages. I feel led to respond here since this talk page is most directly linked to this issue, and interested editors/observers from this current page may not be aware of discussions held elsewhere. Further 5 of the 6 edits made as part of this issue were made to this page.

 * I note that Consensus states that "Any edit that is not disputed or reverted by another editor can be assumed to have consensus." This page is more than 10.5 years old, and reviewing its edit history from then, shows it to have been relatively stable. That of course does not make it necessarily "correct", but simply reflects the fact that for many of its editors the content is relatively uncontroversial.

 * I agree that having a "in-universe perspective" is a problem for most tv/film related topics, since many inexperienced editors tend to directly cut/paste materials from primary sources and fan blogs, or edit pages without that in mind. I think the consensus we seek lies in resolving how to best couch the terminology used to avoid this.

Here are some examples as possible models of usage:
 * "Vulcans in Star Trek are often confounded by human emotions"
 * "The Borg frequently assimilate humanoid races because..."
 * "Warp flight was first developed by human beings when..."
 * "The founding races of the Federation were Humans, Vulcans, and Andorians."
 * "The Klingon said, "Our warriors have become like Humans... weak, cowardly"".

I think the last two of these link to the issue - when is the in-universe concept of non-Earth alien races/species using the word "Humans" as a collective demonym for all human beings possible. Science fiction challenges people's perspectives of the world and often offers new concepts/perspectives that may not fit standard conventions. As you mention in your initial comment, "Placing "Humans" always in capitals is incorrect.", and I agree — so it seems we just need to identify how the alien term "Humans" can be used in order to best express to the reader this specific science-fiction concept. Jabberjawjapan (talk) 19:44, 21 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Nothing that you have to say in your response is cogent, Jabberjawjapan. The age of the page is irrelevant. Much poor content survives on Wikipedia for a very long time, even indefinitely. I'm afraid I find the last part of your response to be all but unintelligible. As far as I can determine, you are saying that because fictional aliens in the Star Trek universe refer to humans as "Humans" with a capital H, Star Trek articles should spell "humans" with a capital H. I cannot begin to understand what would make anyone think that was a defensible position, especially because (but not only because) there is no evidence that aliens in Star Trek do spell "humans" with a capital H. We are discussing the spelling to be used in an article about a fictional species that appears in a TV series; no dialogue spoken by aliens in any of the episodes of that Star Trek series or of any other Star Trek series could possibly indicate how the aliens think "humans" should be spelled. FreeKnowledgeCreator (talk) 07:26, 22 February 2015 (UTC)

Thank you for your detailed response. As I mentioned earlier, I believe that this discussion is best had on the other page, and I am uncomfortable having my comments copymoved from there to here against my wishes. Therefore, in order to expedite discussions to where I believe it should correctly be, I have performed the following actions to help close this discussion here: Thank you for your time and consideration.Jabberjawjapan (talk) 14:32, 23 February 2015 (UTC)
 * Removed the copied comments that I originally posted here Talk:Human (Star Trek). I would appreciate the courtesy of being allowed to chose where/how my own personal comments are posted (Etiquette).
 * Removed the good-faith edits to this page that triggered this conversation here (Assume good faith).
 * Jabberjawjapan, this discussion started here, and it is important that it remain here so that people at Wikipedia:Third Opinion can see the entire discussion. Trying to move it to another talk page, where the entire history of the discussion is not visible, is disruptive. Removing anything that I add to this talk page, even if it is your comments shifted from another talk page, is likewise disruptive, and can even possibly be considered vandalism. In effect, it amounts to you trying to censor me. Why would you imagine I would find that acceptable? If I had posted a comment here quoting what you said on another talk page, would you then presume to remove it? Removing other people's talk page posts because you dislike the fact that they contain or quote your comments is not acceptable. Removing talk page posts is allowable only in unusual cases (comments containing BLP violations, etc) that do not apply here; see WP:TPO. Your current behavior is extremely ill-advised. Instead of complaining about the fact that I prefer to discuss this issue here, and disruptively and provocatively removing my talk page posts, you might do better to say something meaningful in response. FreeKnowledgeCreator (talk) 23:28, 23 February 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Xindi (Star Trek)


text:
1987–88 snooker world rankings

Snooker world rankings 1987/1988: The professional world rankings for the top 64 snooker players in the 1987–88 season are listed below.

title: 1987–88 snooker world rankings


text:
Beatrice M. Tinsley Prize

The Beatrice M. Tinsley Prize is awarded every other year by the American Astronomical Society in recognition of an outstanding research contribution to astronomy or astrophysics of an exceptionally creative or innovative character. The prize is named in honor of the cosmologist and astronomer Beatrice Tinsley.

The prize is normally awarded every second year, but was awarded in 2021 out of the established sequence.

Recipients
Recipients of the Beatrice M. Tinsley Prize include:

 * 1986 Jocelyn Bell Burnell — discovery of first pulsar
 * 1988 Harold I. Ewen, Edward M. Purcell — discovery of 21 cm radiation from hydrogen
 * 1990 Antoine Labeyrie — speckle interferometry
 * 1992 Robert H. Dicke — lock-in amplifier
 * 1994 Raymond Davis, Jr. — neutrino detectors; first measurement of solar neutrinos
 * 1996 Aleksander Wolszczan — first pulsar planet
 * 1998 Robert E. Williams — astronomical spectroscopy, particularly in gas clouds
 * 2000 Charles R. Alcock — search for massive compact halo objects
 * 2002 Geoffrey Marcy, R. Paul Butler, Steven S. Vogt — ultra-high-resolution Doppler spectroscopy; discovery of extrasolar planets by radial velocity measurements
 * 2004 Ronald J. Reynolds — studies of the interstellar medium
 * 2006 John E. Carlstrom — cosmic microwave background using the Sunyaev–Zeldovich effect
 * 2008 Mark Reid — astrometry experiments with the VLBI and the VLBA; pioneering use of cosmic masers as astronomical tools
 * 2010 Drake Deming — thermal infrared emission from transiting extrasolar planets
 * 2012 Ronald L. Gilliland — ultra-high signal-to-noise observations related to time-domain photometry
 * 2014 Chris Lintott — engaging non-scientists in cutting edge research
 * 2016 Andrew Gould — gravitational microlensing
 * 2018 Julianne Dalcanton — low-surface-brightness galaxies; Hubble Space Telescope surveys
 * 2020 Krzysztof Stanek, Christopher Kochanek — time-domain astronomy; leadership in the All Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN)
 * 2021 Bill Paxton — MESA software for computational stellar astrophysics

title: Beatrice M. Tinsley Prize


text:
Sinople

Sinople may refer to:
 * Sinopia, or sinople, a dark reddish earth pigment
 * Sinople (heraldry), a term for "red", and later "green" in heraldry
 * Plovdiv, Bulgaria, a city called “Sinople” by the Crusaders

title: Sinople


text:
Category:Homotopy theory

In algebraic topology, homotopy theory is the study of homotopy groups; and more generally of the category of topological spaces and homotopy classes of continuous mappings. At an intuitive level, a homotopy class is a connected component of a function space. The actual definition uses paths of functions.

title: Category:Homotopy theory


text:
Wikipedia talk:Selected anniversaries/June 30

How about this ? --199.71.174.100 09:36, 26 May 2006 (UTC)
 * 1894 - London's Tower Bridge was opened.

Spiderman 2?
Is the release of Spiderman 2 really considered to be an important event that happened on June 30th?
 * Not by me! Paxse 16:30, 9 June 2007 (UTC)

2012 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 06:40, 29 June 2012 (UTC)
 * Moved to Ineligible: Tower Bridge (maintenance)
 * Omitted: Henry II of France; 1860 Oxford evolution debate; Soyuz 11; Loonie; 2007 Glasgow International Airport attack
 * Included: Charles Blondin (first appearance); Tunguska event (6th appearance, last in 2010; rescued from Ineligible); United States occupation of the Dominican Republic (1916–1924) (first appearance; 80th anniversary); Leap second (first appearance; 30th anniversary); Yemenia Flight 626 (first appearance)

2013 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 05:12, 29 June 2013 (UTC)
 * Omitted: Charles Blondin; United States occupation of the Dominican Republic (1916–24); Leap second; Yemenia Flight 626
 * Included: Tower Bridge (5th appearance, last in 2010; rescued from Ineligible); Night of the Long Knives (6th appearance, last in 2010); Ciaculli massacre (first appearance); Soyuz 11 (6th appearance, last in 2011)
 * Repeats: Tunguska event (2nd consecutive appearance, 7 total)

2014 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 07:42, 29 June 2014 (UTC)
 * New articles (unused): National Organization for Women
 * Omitted: Tower Bridge; Tunguska event; Ciaculli massacre; Soyuz 11
 * Included: Battle of Berestechko (first appearance); 1860 Oxford evolution debate (4th appearance, last in 2011); Baltimore municipal strike of 1974 (first appearance; 40th anniversary); 2007 Glasgow International Airport attack (2nd appearance, last in 2011)
 * Repeats: Night of the Long Knives (2nd consecutive appearance, 7 total; 80th anniversary)

2015 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 07:47, 28 June 2015 (UTC)
 * Omitted: Battle of Berestechko; On the Origin of Species; Night of the Long Knives (1934); Baltimore municipal strike of 1974; 2007 Glasgow International Airport attack
 * Included: Democratic Republic of the Congo (rescued from Ineligible); Henry II of France (2nd appearance, last in 2011); Charles Blondin (2nd appearance, last in 2012); Tower Bridge (6th appearance, last in 2013); Congo Crisis (first appearance); Loonie (2nd appearance, last in 2011)

2016 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 18:27, 29 June 2016 (UTC)
 * Omitted: Charles Blondin (ineligible—maintenance); Tower Bridge; Congo Crisis; Loonie
 * Included: 1860 Oxford evolution debate (5th appearance, last in 2014); Tunguska event (8th appearance, last in 2013); National Organization for Women (first appearance; 50th anniversary); Yemenia Flight 626 (2nd appearance, last in 2012)
 * Repeats: Henry II of France (2nd consecutive appearance, 3 total)

2017 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 07:07, 30 June 2017 (UTC)
 * Moved to Ineligible: Battle of Berestechko (appears on June 28); Soyuz 11 (maintenance); 2007 Glasgow Airport attack (maintenance)
 * Rescued from Ineligible (unused): Leap second
 * Omitted: Henry II of France (ineligible—maintenance); Tunguska event; National Organization for Women; Yemenia Flight 626
 * Included: Tower Bridge (7th appearance, last in 2015); Night of the Long Knives (8th appearance, last in 2014); Ciaculli bombing (2md appearance, last in 2013); Loonie (3rd appearance, last in 2015); Miguel de Molinos (first appearance); Eleanor Sophia Smith (first appearance; 75th birthday); Nancy Mitford (first appearance)
 * Repeats: 1860 Oxford evolution debate (2nd consecutive appearance, 6 total)

2018 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 17:41, 30 June 2018 (UTC)
 * Moved to Ineligible: Tunguska event (maintenance)
 * Omitted: 1860 Oxford evolution debate; Night of the Long Knives; Ciaculli bombing; Loonie; Miguel de Molinos (exact date of birth unknown); Eleanor Sophia Smith; Nancy Mitford
 * Included: Henry II of France (4th appearance, last in 2016; rescued from Ineligible); Charles Blondin (4th appearance, last in appeared on his birthday, February 22); Congo Crisis (2nd appearance, last in 2015); Ryan White (first appearance); William Oughtred (first appearance); Alberto Henschel (first appearance); Assia Djebar (first appearance)
 * Repeats: Tower Bridge (2nd consecutive appearance, 8 total)

2019 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 22:32, 15 July 2019 (UTC)
 * Moved to Ineligible: Loonie (maintenance)
 * New articles (unused): Terri Lynn Land
 * Omitted: Charles Blondin; Tower Bridge; Congo Crisis; Ryan White; William Oughtred; Alberto Henschel; Assia Djebar
 * Included: 1860 Oxford evolution debate (7th appearance, last in 2017); Night of the Long Knives (9th appearance, last in 2017); Leap second (2nd appearance, last in 2012); Yemenia Flight 626 (3rd appearance, last in 2016; 10th anniversary); Æthelred (archbishop) (first appearance); Frederick Bligh Bond (first appearance); Eunice Eloisae Gibbs Allyn (first appearance)
 * Repeats: Henry II of France (2nd consecutive appearance, 5 total)

2020 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 16:20, 1 July 2020 (UTC)
 * New articles (ineligible): Chris Gragg (TFA for 2020)
 * New articles (unused): María Luisa Dehesa Gómez Farías; Assia Djebar; Allegra Versace
 * Omitted: 1860 Oxford evolution debate; Night of the Long Knives; Leap second (ineligible—maintenance); Yemenia Flight 626; Æthelred (archbishop); Frederick Bligh Bond; Eunice Eloisae Gibbs Allyn
 * Included: Charles Blondin (5th appearance, last in 2018); Tunguska event (9th appearance, last in 2016; rescued from Ineligible); Congo Crisis (3rd appearance, last in 2018; 60th anniversary); John Quelch (pirate) (first appearance); Eleanor Sophia Smith (first appearance); Tony Fernández (first appearance)
 * Repeats: Henry II of France (3rd consecutive appearance, 6 total)

2021 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 07:35, 2 July 2021 (UTC)
 * Deleted: Soyuz 11 (moved to June 29)
 * Rescued from Ineligible (unused): Chris Gragg
 * New articles (ineligible): Margaret (singer) (TFA for 2021-02-23)
 * Omitted: Henry II of France; Tunguska event; Congo Crisis; John Quelch (pirate); Eleanor Sophia Smith; Tony Fernández
 * Included: Tower Bridge (9th appearance, last in 2018); Night of the Long Knives (10th appearance, last in 2019); Yemenia Flight 626 (4th appearance, last in 2019); Alberto Henschel (2nd appearance, last in 2018); Assia Djebar (2nd appearance, last in 2018); Allegra Versace (first appearance)
 * Repeats: Charles Blondin (2nd consecutive appearance, 6 total)

2022 notes
— howcheng  {chat} 18:22, 2 July 2022 (UTC)
 * Rescued from Ineligible (unused): Margaret (singer)
 * New articles (unused): Abdur Razzaq Iskander
 * Omitted: Charles Blondin; Night of the Long Knives; Yemenia Flight 626; Alberto Henschel; Assia Djebar; Allegra Versace
 * Included: 1860 Oxford evolution debate (8th appearance, last in 2019); United States occupation of the Dominican Republic (1916–1924) (2nd appearance, last in 2012; 100th anniversary); Congo Crisis (4th appearance, last in 2020); 2015 Sumatra Indonesian Air Force C-130 crash (first appearance); William Oughtred (2nd appearance, last in 2018); Eleanor Sophia Smith (3rd appearance, last in 2020; 80th anniversary); Tony Fernández (2nd appearance, last in 2020; 60th birthday)
 * Repeats: Tower Bridge (2nd consecutive appearance, 10 total)


text:
User:Yath/monobook.css

/**************/ /*  TWEAKS   */ /**************/

/* Here I get rid of various doodads and distractions that people just can't seem to resist putting on web pages! */

/* Get rid of the background image ('headbg.jpg'), and put a gray background. */

body { background: #e0e0e0; color: Black; margin: 0; padding: 0; }

/* Undo justification */
 * 1) bodyContent { text-align: left; }

/* Hide the footer */
 * 1) footer { display: none; }

/* Hide the donation notice */
 * 1) siteNotice { display: none; }

/* Hide the "From Wikipedia..." notice */
 * 1) siteSub { display: none; }

/* Restore underlines on content links */
 * 1) content a { text-decoration: underline; }

/* No underlines in toolbox links */
 * 1) p-nav a,
 * 2) p-navigation a,
 * 3) p-search a,
 * 4) p-tb a { text-decoration: none; }

/* ... unless mouseovered */
 * 1) p-nav a:hover,
 * 2) p-navigation a:hover,
 * 3) p-search a:hover,
 * 4) p-tb a:hover,
 * 5) p-personal li a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

/* Unbold "edit this page" */
 * 1) ca-edit a { font-weight: normal !important; }

/* Suppress the person icon by your username. */ li#pt-userpage { background: none }

/* Make the word "search" disappear from above the search box. */
 * 1) p-search h5 { display: none }

/* Eliminate yellow color in action tab borders. */
 * 1) p-cactions li.selected { border-color: #aaa; }

/* Change the color of the active action tab(s) */
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/* Make the tabs highlight when the mouse passes over them. */
 * 1) p-cactions li a:hover { background: #ddc!important; text-decoration: none; z-index: 0; }

/******************************************************************/ /* Transform the user toolbar into a sidebox (by User:Cyrius) */ /******************************************************************/

position:relative; z-index:3; width: 11.6em; }
 * 1) p-personal {

width: 10.8em; border: none; margin: 0 0 0.5em 0em; float: none; overflow: hidden; font-size: 95%; background: White; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid #aaaaaa; padding: 0 0.8em 0.3em .5em; }
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line-height: 1.5em; list-style-type: square; list-style-image: url("/style/monobook/bullet.gif");
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font-size:95%; margin: 0.3em 0 0 1.5em; padding:0; text-align:left; text-transform: none; }

display: list-item; padding:0; margin: 0 0 0 0; margin-bottom: 0.1em; }
 * 1) p-personal li {

/* Transforming those links into a side box has left empty space on top of the page. Here, we will move the content box up, and also move up the tabs that sit on its upper left corner.

top: 0.1em; /* The default value is 1.3em */ }
 * 1) p-cactions {

/* Restore serif font, but only to content. Also move it up. */

font-family: serif; font-size: 120%; margin: 1.4em 0.5em 0.2em 10.1em; /* top right bottom left */ border-right: 1px solid #aaaaaa; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaaaaa; }
 * 1) content {

font-family: serif; }
 * 1) bodyContent h1,
 * 2) bodyContent h2,
 * 3) bodyContent h3,
 * 4) bodyContent h4,
 * 5) bodyContent h5 {

/***********************/ /*  ROUNDED CORNERS   */ /***********************/

/*

This was stolen from User:Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason/monobook.css.

It is commented out right now!

/* -moz-border-radius-topleft: 4px; -moz-border-radius-topright: 4px; }
 * 1) p-cactions ul li, #p-cactions ul li a {

-moz-border-radius-topleft: 4px; -moz-border-radius-bottomleft: 4px; }
 * 1) content, #footer {

div.pBody { -moz-border-radius-topright: 4px; -moz-border-radius-bottomright: 4px; }

/************/ /*  LOGO   */ /************/

/*

This was stolen from User:Zanthalon/myskin.css.

Fiddle with the logo. Also, load a logo from a server I control. I have a script that changes this logo randomly every day or so. The images came from a KDE icon set or something... don't remember.

z-index: 0; background: url(http://nodens.ath.cx/~yath/wikipedia/wplogo.png); position:absolute; /*needed to use z-index */ top: 0; left: 0; height: 0; width: 0; padding: 0 0 151px 151px; overflow: hidden; border: none; margin: 2px; }
 * 1) p-logo {

title: User:Yath/monobook.css


text:
Ted Knight

Ted Knight (born Tadeusz Wladyslaw Konopka; December 7, 1923 – August 26, 1986) was an American actor known for playing the comedic roles of Ted Baxter in The Mary Tyler Moore Show, Henry Rush in Too Close for Comfort and Judge Elihu Smails in Caddyshack.

Early life
Knight was born in the Terryville section of Plymouth in Litchfield County, Connecticut to Polish-American parents Sophia (Kavaleski) and Charles Walter Konopka, a bartender. He withdrew from high school to enlist in the United States Army in World War II and was a member of A Company, 296th Combat Engineer Battalion, earning five battle stars while serving in the European theatre.

Early roles
During the postwar years, Knight studied acting in Hartford, Connecticut. He became proficient with puppets and ventriloquism, which led to steady work as a television children’s show host at WJAR-TV in Providence, Rhode Island from 1950 to 1955. In 1955, he left Providence for Albany, New York, where he landed a job at station WROW-TV (now WTEN), hosting The Early Show, featuring MGM movies, and a children's variety show, playing a Gabby Hayes-type character named Windy Knigh". He was also a radio announcer for sister station WROW radio and briefly for WFNS in Burlington, North Carolina. He left the station in 1957 after receiving advice from station manager (and future Capital Cities chairman) Thomas Murphy that he should take his talents to Hollywood.

Knight spent most of the 1950s and 1960s creating commercial voiceovers and playing minor television and film roles. He had a small part playing a police officer guarding the room where Norman Bates sat wrapped in a blanket at the end of Alfred Hitchcock's Psycho (1960). He played Phil Buckley on the ABC soap opera The Young Marrieds in the early 1960s. He also made guest appearances in numerous series, including How to Marry a Millionaire, Highway Patrol, Lassie, The Donna Reed Show, Peter Gunn, The Twilight Zone (in the episode "The Lonely"), Bourbon Street Beat, Death Valley Days, The Man and the Challenge, Alfred Hitchcock Presents, Mr. Lucky, One Step Beyond, Pete and Gladys, Surfside 6, Sea Hunt, The Asphalt Jungle, Dr. Kildare, General Electric Theatre, Manhunt, Cain's Hundred, The New Loretta Young Show, The Eleventh Hour, The Untouchables, Sam Benedict, The Virginian, Arrest and Trial, Ripcord, The Lieutenant, The Outer Limits (in the episode "The Invisible Enemy"), McHale's Navy, Gunsmoke, Kraft Suspense Theatre, Run for Your Life, 12 O'Clock High, Bonanza, Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C., Combat!, T.H.E. Cat, The Fugitive, The F.B.I., Get Smart, The Invaders, Judd, for the Defense, Garrison's Gorillas, The Wild Wild West, The Outsider and The Immortal.

Knight's speaking voice also brought him work as a voice artist for various animated series produced by Filmation and Hanna-Barbera, including Star Trek: The Animated Series,  The Superman/Aquaman Hour of Adventure, The Batman/Superman Hour, Journey to the Center of the Earth, Fantastic Voyage, The New Scooby-Doo Movies, Super Friends and Lassie's Rescue Rangers.

The Mary Tyler Moore Show
Knight's role as the vain and untalented WJM newscaster Ted Baxter on The Mary Tyler Moore Show brought widespread recognition and his greatest success. He received six Emmy Award nominations for the role, winning the Emmy for Outstanding Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in Comedy in 1973 and 1976.

Post-MTM appearances
In 1975, Knight recorded an album of mostly novelty songs, Hi Guys, on the Ranwood label. The title track, in which Knight tries to extract himself from various embarrassing situations by using his signature "Hi, guys!" line, received some play on the Dr. Demento show.

Knight was the special guest star on the first episode of The Bobby Vinton Show in September 1975. Vinton highlighted Knight's Polish heritage and the two sang a duet of Vinton's hit "My Melody of Love" in Polish. Knight was also featured in a production number based on one of the songs from the Hi Guys album, "I'm in Love with Barbara Walters".

Knight used a variation of the Ted Baxter character for regional commercials. In the Cleveland area during the early to late 1970s, a newsman simply known as "Ted" would provide news of the events at a local shopping center known as Southgate USA, often finishing the 60-second spot with a comedic flair, including wearing a jacket that resembled Baxter's blue WJM blazer. Knight also returned to Albany to film promo spots for his former employer WTEN.

Knight guest-starred in "Mr. Dennis Steps Out", the October 26, 1977 episode of the situation comedy Busting Loose, as Roger Dennis, the owner of an escort service in New York City. This appearance launched a new show, The Ted Knight Show, Knight's first starring role. The Ted Knight Show lasted for only six episodes in the spring of 1978.

Knight appeared in several episodes of The Love Boat, including one episode as a rival cruise captain.

Knight's final film role was in the 1980 golf comedy Caddyshack, in which he played Judge Elihu Smails, a foil for Rodney Dangerfield's character.

Too Close for Comfort
Knight was cast in the lead role as the curmudgeonly cartoonist Henry Rush in the series Too Close for Comfort in 1980. Throughout the series' run, Knight would wear sweatshirts from colleges and universities sent to him by students who were fans of the show. ABC canceled the show after three seasons, but it was revived in first-run syndication in 1984. In 1986, the show was retitled The Ted Knight Show and saw Henry retire from cartooning and become part-owner of a weekly newspaper. A second season was planned until Knight's health became a factor.

Personal life
In 1948, Knight married Dorothy Smith, and the couple had three children, Ted Jr., Elyse and Eric.

In January 1985, Knight was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the television industry. It is located at 6673 Hollywood Boulevard.

Death
A few months after the end of the Mary Tyler Moore Show in 1977, Knight was diagnosed with colon cancer, for which he received treatment. In 1985, the cancer returned and spread to his bladder and gastrointestinal tract. Knight experienced complications from the surgery and was advised to not resume work on Too Close for Comfort until he recovered. His condition worsened and he died on August 26, 1986 at age 62.

Knight was interred at the Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale, California. His grave marker bears the name Theodore C. Konopka and the words "Bye Guy", a reference to his Ted Baxter catchphrase "Hi, guys!"

His hometown of Terryville, Connecticut dedicated a bridge on Canal Street over the Pequabuck River in his memory. There is a bronze plaque bearing his likeness on the bridge.

Selected Television Appearances
Combat!'' (1964) (Season 2 Episode 27: "Weep No More") as German Sergeant
 * Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1960) (Season 5 Episode 33: "Party Line") as Mr. Maynard
 * Gunsmoke (1964) (Season 10 Episode 16: “Run, Sheep, Run") as Rancher Bill Miller

title: Ted Knight