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User talk:Neumannkun

Japanese toilet
Herzlichen Dank fuer die Blumen. Bin auch ziemlich stolz auf den Artikel. Hab sogar im Toto showroom einen Manager interviewt (auf Japanisch, daher kann es sein, dass sich einige fehler eingeschlichen haben). Deine Arbeit ist uebrigens auch ziemlich interessant, und steht bei mir selbstverstaendlich in Printform auf dem Regal. Ich hab noch einige andere Artikel ueber Japan verfasst, siehe User:Chris 73/CompletedWork. Viele Gruesse aus Nagoya, Chris 73 Talk 14:25, Nov 11, 2004 (UTC)

Qualitätswein mit Prädikat
I redid most of your changes. Describing non QmP wine as "mediocre" is not neutral point of view, and nor is saying that the other categories are in order of quality - they are ordered by ripeness which may not correspond to quality, which you partially said, but I dont think even the version I have left is very reasonable. Icewine is seperate as it is defined by process rather than ripeness, so I moved it. But please do add stuff to German wine, as it needs more work... Justinc 16:39, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Guardian Angels
The Guardian Angels do not exist in Germany. Unlike the German style of preemptive self-defense (i.e., the invasion of Poland and Russia) the Angels do not practice preemptive self-defense. We provide medical assistance to those in need on the street and call the police if we see a crime occurring like a group of thugs beating up a gay person. We stop gangs and thugs from oppressing and persecuting others, not the other way around.

Yamanote Halloween Train
Please do not remove Articles for deletion notices from articles or remove other people's comments in Articles for deletion pages, as you did with Yamanote Halloween Train. The notices and comments are needed to establish community consensus about the status of an article, and removing them is considered vandalism. If you oppose the deletion of this article, you may comment on the article's AFD entry instead. Thank you. --Calton | Talk 02:40, 25 October 2006 (UTC)

Image source problem with Image:Yulara Flugzeug.JPG
Thanks for uploading Image:Yulara Flugzeug.JPG. I noticed that the file's description page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you did not create this file yourself, you will need to specify the owner of the copyright. If you obtained it from a website, then a link to the website from which it was taken, together with a restatement of that website's terms of use of its content, is usually sufficient information. However, if the copyright holder is different from the website's publisher, their copyright should also be acknowledged.

As well as adding the source, please add a proper copyright licensing tag if the file doesn't have one already. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then the GFDL-self tag can be used to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media meets the criteria at Non-free content, use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other files, consider checking that you have specified their source and tagged them, too. You can find a list of files you have uploaded by following this link. Unsourced and untagged images may be deleted one week after they have been tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If the image is copyrighted under a non-free license (per Fair use) then the image will be deleted 48 hours after 06:57, 30 March 2008 (UTC). If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Bidgee (talk) 06:57, 30 March 2008 (UTC)

Human being
You edited this article (a few years ago) with the comment "moving "human" to "human being" to allow homonymy distinction for "human"" - what did you mean? -Stevertigo (t | log | c) 02:55, 31 August 2010 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Neumannkun. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Neumannkun~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 01:46, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
Hi, You appear to be eligible to vote in the current Arbitration Committee election. The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to enact binding solutions for disputes between editors, primarily related to serious behavioural issues that the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the ability to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail. If you wish to participate, you are welcome to review the candidates' statements and submit your choices on the voting page. For the Election committee, MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 22:17, 30 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Neumannkun


text:
User talk:Paul A/2003-1

Hello there Paul, welcome to the 'pedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions or how to format them visit our manual of style. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump. Cheers! --maveric149

 * Thanks for the welcome!
 * You hope I stay? As well to hope that a rock will fall downwards when you let go of it. :)
 * I'm having trouble tearing myself away from the place...
 * -- Paul A

 * Ah. Welcome to my world. ;-) --mav

[see Talk:User:Stevertigo Archive 2 for original message]

its an odd characheristic of mine. I dont know why. thanks for the correction - Stevert

Hi Paul, great article on Alistair Cooke! In 1973 he also published a book -- a history of the US -- entitled Alistair Cooke's America (BBC Publications, London) -- should that be mentioned as well?

All the best, KF 05:04 Feb 6, 2003 (UTC)

 * Thank you for your kind words. And thank you for reminding me about Alistair Cooke's America - I've added some information about it to the article.
 * --Paul A 06:04 Feb 6, 2003 (UTC)

Hi Paul. My wife's surname used to be Wonitoway. Do you have her beat in the difficult names category? :) -- Stephen Gilbert 13:42 Feb 6, 2003 (UTC)

 * I don't know. Wonitoway looks pretty straightforward to me. :o)
 * --Paul A 01:53 Feb 7, 2003 (UTC)

Hi Paul, I've set up a page at Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style (lists) and started moving the discussion at the pump to the related talk page. The pump is getting too long again and this is a better place to discuss the issue. I hope to see you there -- sannse 11:01 Mar 9, 2003 (UTC)

Hi Paul, I noticed that you made a minor change to The Beatles, and the change puzzled me. You changed markup to the headings so that there's no space between the markup and the text of the heading. I always put a space between. And so while I prefer "== heading ==", you prefer "==heading==". (I first started my way to make automatic spell checking shut up in Word.) I checked back on How to edit a page to see how they did it. They have spaces in between. Is there another place with guidelines that I'm missing? Arthur 23:04 Mar 13, 2003 (UTC)

 * That's my background as a web designer showing: leaving no space between the markup and the heading text is my small rebellion against the general untidyness of the autogenerated HTML code. (That makes it sound deliberate, but it's not really; it's just something I automatically do whenever I edit a topic, like deleted trailing spaces at the end of paragraphs.)
 * I think the standard of including spaces, if it is a standard, is just to make the wiki markup more readable. As far as I know, it makes no real difference to the actual presentation of the headings on the actual Wikipedia pages.
 * --Paul A 01:35 Mar 14, 2003 (UTC)
 * (PS. You edit Wikipedia articles in Word?)

 * yes. Word is helpful because it does spell checking (very useful) and grammar checking (almost entirely useless for educated and good writers, but always good to check). To use Word, I edit the article so I get the marked-up version, select all, copy, paste into Word, edit the article, select all, copy, paste into edit field, and save article. You're right, it makes no difference to presentation. There does seem to be an implied standard on the page i referenced, however. Arthur 03:04 Mar 14, 2003 (UTC)

[see User talk:TUF-KAT/Archive for original message]

I don't know what happened at rocks. Apparently, I made an accidental redirect from rocks to rocks, but I got confused because on "What Links Here" there was a triple redirect of rocks. But, whatever, User:Salsa Shark seems to have fixed it by redirecting to rock, which is what I meant to do in the first place, so I'll ignore it. Tuf-Kat

Hi Paul, please see Talk:Carthusian where you can enjoy my mental confusion over erroneousness! Thanks, Nevilley 09:25 Mar 24, 2003 (UTC)

 * Replied to at Talk:Carthusian. Thank you for pointing that out... --Paul A 01:16 Mar 25, 2003 (UTC)

Hi Paul. You may, or may not, be interested to know that Crime Traveller is now available on Region 2 DVD. Also available and perhaps to your taste would be the late 50s British TV version of The Invisible Man. Mintguy

Thanks for wasting my work on Robin Cook the novelist. You better do it now, because I'm pissed. You can't copyright facts, lists of facts, etc., so there is no 'suspected copyright violation' - but who can tell you anything?

 * There's no need to be personal; this is standard Wikipedia procedure. We have to be careful, because any problem with copyright violation could bring the entire 'pedia down. If that means that sometimes we're too cautious - well, that's the price we have to pay.
 * In response to your second point: of course you can't copyright facts, lists of facts, etc - otherwise the Wikipedia would be completely impossible. But copyright does protect the form in which the facts and such are expressed; and your contribution is expressed in terms almost identical to those in the American Collection biography.
 * You're "pissed" because you feel your work has been "wasted"; but do you really think copying an article and moving some of the words around required as much work as writing the article in the first place? How "pissed" might the author of the article be to find someone was taking advantage of her work?
 * (Incidentally, your work hasn't been wasted: in case you hadn't noticed, Wikipedia keeps backups of old versions of articles, so we can easily restore your work if necessary.)
 * --Paul A 03:03 Mar 27, 2003 (UTC)

Obviously you still don't 'get' it. A copyright that isn't enforceable in a court is all that they've got. The fact that they give it away free already on the Web is another point: they can sue for "damages", which equal "zero" since they already give it away. Be that as it may, a little more editing and adding some new facts into what I did would finish the article off. But you reverted it away, and pissed me off, so if you revert it back, it's now your responsibility. I could have already finished with it but you wasted so much of my time I won't even consider it now. Besides, I can't get away from the image of what made you do it in the first place :)

 * What image is that, then? --Paul A 03:42 Mar 27, 2003 (UTC)

 * Don't worry about it, Paul. This idiot has just been blocked.  Of course, he'll probably just come back with another IP address.  -- Zoe

[see User talk:Brion VIBBER (archive) for original message (from "Pual A")]

Hapi two bee of sum help. :) --Brion

Paul,

Thank you for expanding the page for My Word. I haven't heard it for awhile, and couldn't remember it that well. The article is much better now. Thanks again! --Two halves 05:41 Apr 17, 2003 (UTC)

[see User talk:Two halves for response]

the browser or somethign keeps killing my text:

I've tried six times, 4 in IE and 2 in Mozilla, to add this text to Alien: Ressurection:

 * never mind. I found a workaround, and posted a question about the problem at village pump.  Koyaanis Qatsi

[see User talk:JohnOwens/2003 April for original message (unsigned; it's the last on the page)]

Yes, I'd found the Multilingual coordination page and its link to ISO 639 not long after I put that comment about Latin on my user page. I suppose I ought to follow up on that there, in case anyone else ever wonders while looking at that. -- John Owens 07:33 Apr 30, 2003 (UTC)

[see User talk:Mintguy/archive 2 for original message]

Re: your question on my page. United Kingdom/Basic Topics was an old neglected page that I was unaware of when I created List of United Kingdom topics a few weeks ago. When I found the former page I redirected it to the latter and moved the content to the talk page, to be merged in later.

 * Thanks for the explanation, Mintguy. -- Paul A 08:08 May 12, 2003 (UTC)

Hi Paul, thanks for correcting my page, my english is not yet so good as i would like it to be, but i am working on it. Thanks a lot, Fantasy ;-)

- [in response to edit summary "remove redundancy from lazy merge" ]

It wasn't lazy, it was rushed and distracted. Koyaanis Qatsi

 * My apologies. I should have guessed; or at least given the benefit of the doubt. -- Paul A 05:57 21 May 2003 (UTC)

No offense taken. :-) Koyaanis Qatsi

Hi Paul. I noticed in Blade Runner that you reverted 2003 back to as of 2003. I just wondered what the logic was, since the latter is a redirect to the former anyway. I'm not going to get into an edit war on something so minor, just curious. (Although as a Brit, the American usage grates a bit anyway) jimfbleak 06:38 21 May 2003 (UTC)

 * The reasoning, as it was explained to me when I asked someone else the same question, is that there is a fundamental difference between "In 2003, something happened" and "As of 2003, something was the case" - namely, that when 2004 rolls around all the former will still be true, but the latter will need updating. Making "as of 2003" a link means that, in years to come, it will be relatively easy to find pages that need updating by seeing what links to as of 2003. (Just as, this year, one can find pages that need updating by seeing what links to as of 2002, as of 2001, etc.)

 * Each "as of x" page was made a redirect to the corresponding year page because the page needed to have some kind of content, and nobody could think of anything better at the time.
 * -- Paul A 09:16 21 May 2003 (UTC)

Thanks for starting The Three Musketeers. I've been waiting for that article! --Dante Alighieri 10:03 30 May 2003 (UTC)

[see User talk:Hephaestos/Archive20030712 for original message]

Yes, I double-checked that after you did the reversion on Quotation mark (unfortunately my reference book lied to me about what was and wasn't officially in the ISO 8859-1 character set). Thanks for catching that; I went ahead and reverted the changes I made to Diacritic also. Hephaestos 08:58 5 Jun 2003 (UTC)

[Moved from User:Paul A:]

(For the record, my first contribution was to correct a couple of spelling and punctuation errors in an entry about an obscure British science fiction series, thus neatly encapsulating my two main fields of obsession.)

 * It was a bad program, and I'm a huge fan of anything to do with time travel. Mintguy

 * Well, I can't argue that - I've never actually seen Crime Traveller. It's obscure British science fiction series in general that I'm obsessed about. Plus, I'm the kind of person who worries about whether the plural of "series" is also "series", which is why most of my Wikipedia contributions to date have been spelling and punctuation fixes. :o)
 * --Paul A

 * It wasn't that bad... the use of future echoes, and the whole 'meeting yourself' in the past bit was quite well handled. And I like Anthony Horowitz, too... :o) ntnon

[end moved]

 * Well, yes — more Anthony Horowitz is almost always a good thing. — Paul A 03:12 9 Jun 2003 (UTC)

[see User talk:The Warlock for original messages]

Hello, Paul. Thanks for my welcome yesterday and for notifying me I was not logged; I post a question on the Village Pump and now the problem has been reported to Brion. About your question, I consider The Warlock in 1st. and 3rd. person; in 2nd. person only as a title or for a question (So you are The..., Are you The...?), but not familiarly; so, for you and the Wikipedian community, just Warlock. Hope the problem can be solved soon, so I could continue surfing the Wiki and pasting some contributions I have prepared (additional tip, redact them on a text processor and then paste them on "the box below", or your phone bill will be the cause of a massive heart attack if you use a telephone modem as I do :-)).-- The Warlock June 12, 2003, 9:33 (GMT)

---

Hi, Paul, and thanks. It's fixed. My browser was setted to reject cookies. Now it's O.K. Grateful again.-- The Warlock June 13, 2003, 6:24 (GMT)

---

Thanks again, Paul. About the time, I use to put the GMT (not mine indeed), to allow anyone to know what time is in his/her country. But the other is too useful. PS, I do enjoy the site.-- The Warlock Same day, 7:06 (GMT).

---

Hi, Paul. At last my stone head understood the difference between UTC and GMT, just a few minutes... Slow but sure :-) The Warlock 05:30 14 Jun 2003 (UTC)

[see Wikipedia talk:As of for original message]

Hey Paul, just wanted to tell you that I carried out your suggestion for a As of page. --Nelson 20:31 16 Jun 2003 (UTC)

[see User talk:The Warlock for original message]

Hello, Paul. I had misunderstood the idea of the "summary" field, and more than once I forgot to put even the title... Hope it does not happen again. I'm somewhat torpid, but I'm trying to learn. Thanks for your tips, they are very helpful to me :-) The Warlock 09:10 27 Jun 2003 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Paul A/2003-1


text:
Emilio Palma

Emilio Marcos Des Palma Morella (born 7 January 1978) is an Argentine man who was the first documented person born on the continent of Antarctica.

Biography
Palma was born in Fortín Sargento Cabral at the Esperanza Base, near the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, and weighed 7 lb. His father, Captain Jorge Emilio Palma, was head of the Argentine Army detachment at the base. While ten people have been born in Antarctica since, Palma's birthplace remains the southernmost.

In late 1977, Silvia Morella de Palma, who was then seven months pregnant, was airlifted to Esperanza Base, in order to complete her pregnancy in the base. The airlift was a part of the Argentine solutions to the sovereignty dispute over territory in Antarctica. Emilio was automatically granted Argentine citizenship by the government since his parents were both Argentine citizens, and he was born in the claimed Argentine Antarctica. This is a sector of Antarctica claimed by Argentina as part of its national territory, although this claim is not internationally recognised and overlaps with British and Chilean claims.

He is featured in the Guinness Book of Records as the first person known to have been born on the continent.

title: Emilio Palma


text:
Mark Brunell

Mark Allen Brunell (born September 17, 1970) is an American football coach and former quarterback who is the quarterbacks coach for the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL). He previously played in the NFL for 19 seasons, most notably with the Jacksonville Jaguars. For his accomplishments in Jacksonville, he was inducted to the Pride of the Jaguars in 2013.

Brunell played college football for the Washington Huskies and was selected by the Green Bay Packers in the fifth round of the 1993 NFL draft. After two seasons, Brunell was traded to the expansion Jaguars for their inaugural 1995 season. Within their second season, he helped the team obtain the franchise's first winning record, playoff berth, postseason victories, and AFC Championship Game appearance. Brunell went on to guide Jacksonville to four consecutive playoff runs within their first five seasons, the first NFL expansion team to do so, and clinched the franchise's first division title in 1999 en route to a second AFC Championship appearance. He also received three Pro Bowl selections with the Jaguars.

Following his 2004 departure from Jacksonville, Brunell played for the Washington Redskins, New Orleans Saints, and New York Jets until retiring in 2011. With the Saints, he was part of the team that won the franchise's first Super Bowl title in Super Bowl XLIV, where he served as a backup and holder. Since retiring, he has pursued a coaching career and became the Lions' quarterbacks coach in 2021.

Early life
Brunell was the starting quarterback for the St. Joseph High School Knights of Santa Maria, California, in the 1985, 1986, and 1987 seasons. Brunell led his team to two league championships and one appearance in the CIF Central Section finals.

As a senior with SJHS, he completed 172 of 323 passes for 2,376 yards and 13 touchdowns, averaged 36.3 yards per punt, and added nine rushing touchdowns.

College career
Brunell signed with the University of Washington out of high school in 1988, joining a highly touted recruiting class that included future fellow NFL players Lincoln Kennedy and Steve Emtman.

Brunell saw his first action in his redshirt freshman year, and took over the starting duties in his sophomore season in 1990. Brunell's abilities as a run-pass combo quarterback flashed potential from his first start. In his third start, Brunell led the Huskies in a 31–0 romp over a highly ranked USC team, which established the Huskies of the early 1990s as a potential force in Pac-10 football. While Brunell continued to develop throughout his first season as a starter, the Huskies climbed in the rankings. An early-season loss to the eventual national champion Colorado and a late-season 25–22 loss to UCLA were the only setbacks for what, by season's end, was a dominant Husky team. With the Huskies crowned Pac-10 champions, Brunell played his best game yet in the Rose Bowl and was named the game's MVP as Washington coasted to a 46–34 win over Big Ten Conference champion Iowa. After building a 39–14 lead after three quarters, Washington heavily substituted with reserves; the Hawkeyes scored twenty points in the fourth quarter.

Though the Huskies finished the season ranked 5th in the Associated Press poll, one poll crowned them national champions. Irrespective of their final ranking, the Huskies, with Brunell's star rising, seemed set to soar to even loftier heights in 1991. Brunell was expected to lead the Huskies in 1991, but a devastating knee injury in the annual Husky spring game would sideline Brunell and cast the Husky hopes for a national championship run in doubt. Brunell, however, was capably replaced by Puyallup native Billy Joe Hobert, and the University of Washington went on to win their first two games in Brunell's absence. Though Brunell was not yet fully recovered, he returned months ahead of schedule to action in Washington's third game in 1991. Brunell received a standing ovation upon his return in the 56–3 victory over Kansas State.

Brunell would be given an opportunity to lead series on a part-time basis in the remainder of Husky games as the season progressed, typically at least one drive in each 2nd quarter in addition to the second half. The 1991 Washington team defeated every regular-season opponent with most games providing plenty of playing time for younger and backup players.

On January 1, 1992, Brunell played a small role (throwing a touchdown pass to Mario Bailey) in Washington's second straight Rose Bowl victory, this time over Michigan. Washington finished the season ranked first in the coaches poll, winning the National Championship, and 2nd in the Associated Press poll, behind undefeated Miami.

In 1992, with two successful quarterbacks returning (Hobert and Brunell), Brunell was unable to wrestle the starting QB spot away from Hobert and as such contributed in a limited role during their first eight games (all wins). However, during the week of November 2, 1992, the Los Angeles Times ran an exposé on Washington football wherein current starter Hobert was implicated in actions seemingly in violation of NCAA rules. As a result, Hobert was immediately suspended and Brunell was thrust back into the starting role for the Huskies. Now a senior, Brunell steered the devastated Huskies to one win in their last three regular-season games. The Huskies, however, again won the Pac-10 and Brunell started his second Rose Bowl game, this time against Michigan.

In 2015, Brunell was inducted into the Rose Bowl Hall of Fame.

Green Bay Packers
The Green Bay Packers selected Brunell in the fifth round (118th overall) of the 1993 NFL draft. Brunell was the fourth quarterback drafted in 1993 and was the second quarterback drafted from Washington after Billy Joe Hobert was selected in the third round (58th overall) by the Los Angeles Raiders. This became only the second time two quarterbacks were drafted from the same school in the same draft. It was speculated that Brunell's fall to the fifth round was due to fears that he might not be able to adapt to the pro game.

Brunell entered training camp as a backup quarterback and competed to be the primary backup against Ty Detmer. Brunell and Detmer ended up alternating as the primary backup quarterback, behind Brett Favre, throughout 1993 and 1994. As a rookie, Brunell did not appear in any games.

On October 20, 1994, Brunell made his professional regular season debut during a 13–10 overtime loss at the Minnesota Vikings in Week 8. Brunell entered the game during the second quarter after Brett Favre suffered a hip pointer. He immediately engineered a 49-yard drive that ended with his first career touchdown on a five-yard rush. Brunell finished the game completing 11 of 24 pass attempts for 79 passing yards and was held without a touchdown pass or interception.

Brunell became a restricted free agent after the 1994 NFL season and received a contract offer from the Philadelphia Eagles, who had just hired former Green Bay Packers’ defensive coordinator Ray Rhodes as their new head coach. Rhodes hired former Green Bay Packers’ wide receivers coach Jon Gruden to be the Philadelphia Eagles’ offensive coordinator and worked out a trade to acquire Brunell. Brunell was reluctant to accept the five-year contract offer from the Philadelphia Eagles as he did not want to spend his twenties as a backup quarterback behind Randall Cunningham. The Packers and Eagles agreed on the terms of a trade, but were unable to finalize the deal after Brunell declined to sign a long-term deal with the Philadelphia Eagles.

Jacksonville Jaguars
On April 21, 1995, the Jacksonville Jaguars traded third (66th overall) and fifth round (170th overall) picks in the 1995 NFL draft to the Green Bay Packers in exchange for Brunell. This became the first trade in the Jacksonville Jaguars’ franchise history. The Jacksonville Jaguars signed Brunell to a three-year contract. Brunell started 13 games in 1995, completed 201 out of 346 passes, for 2,168 yards, with 15 touchdowns and 7 interceptions. He also rushed for 480 yards.

During his years in Jacksonville, Brunell was selected to the Pro Bowl three times, in 1997, 1998, and 2000 and awarded the Pro Bowl MVP in the 1997 game. With Brunell starting, the Jaguars won an AFC Central Division title and became the first NFL expansion team to make the playoffs three times in its first four seasons of play. The furthest he led the team was to the 1996 AFC Championship Game, which they lost to the New England Patriots. They returned again in 1999, but would lose to the Tennessee Titans.

Brunell was benched in favor of Byron Leftwich following halftime of the third game of the 2003 season. It would be the final time Brunell took the field as a member of the Jaguars. As a starter since their inaugural season, Brunell left the team holding all of the Jacksonville Jaguars passing records.

In December 2013, Brunell was inducted into the Pride of the Jaguars, the team's Hall of Fame equivalent.

Washington Redskins
He was traded to the Washington Redskins prior to the 2004 season.

During the 2004 season, limited by a hamstring injury, Brunell struggled and would be benched midseason for backup quarterback Patrick Ramsey. Ramsey's play towards the end of that season and following pre-season would lead to a quarterback controversy where Brunell would be benched going into the 2005 season. This would change in 2005 after Ramsey suffered an early season injury that thrust Brunell back into the starter's role.

In 2005, Brunell played much better and led the team to a 10–6 record and a playoff victory over the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. He finished third in the 2005 NFL Comeback Player of the Year awards.

Brunell's most prolific moment in the 2005 season was during Week 2, when he completed two long passes to wide receiver Santana Moss for two touchdowns in the final four minutes of the fourth quarter to defeat the Dallas Cowboys on Monday Night Football, 14–13.

On September 24, 2006, Brunell broke the NFL record for most consecutive completions in single game when he completed his first 22 passes against the Houston Texans. Brunell also set the Redskins franchise record for highest completion percentage in a single game (88.9%). The previous record was held by Hall of Fame quarterback Sammy Baugh for 66 years (87.5%). On November 13, 2006, after winning only three of their first nine games of 2006, Brunell was benched in favor of Jason Campbell, Washington's 2005 first round draft pick.

New Orleans Saints
On March 13, 2008, Brunell was signed by the New Orleans Saints. As the Saints have not issued number 8 since Archie Manning retired, Brunell changed his jersey number to 11, the only time in his career he would wear a jersey number besides his customary number 8.

He entered the 2008 season as the backup to Drew Brees, appearing in just two games. In 2009, he appeared in all 16 games as the holder on the Saints place-kicking unit, and saw his first playing time at quarterback in three years during a week 17 loss to the Carolina Panthers, as the Saints had already clinched homefield advantage and rested starter Drew Brees, as well as many other starters. Although he played little for the Saints, he was noted for his role as a veteran advisor to the Saints' starting quarterback, Drew Brees.

During the Saints playoff run on January 24, 2010, Brunell was the holder on the 40-yard field goal kicked by Garrett Hartley in overtime against the Minnesota Vikings in the NFC Championship Game to send the New Orleans Saints to the team's first ever Super Bowl. On February 7, 2010 for the Super Bowl, Brunell served as the backup QB behind Drew Brees, and the holder for Garrett Hartley. Brunell and Hartley’s role as the kicking unit helped the Saints convert some critical kicks, going 3 for 3 on three long field goals (46 yards, 44 yards, 47 yards), and an extra point, to score a total of 10 points in the first three quarters, helping keep the score close going into the fourth quarter, with the Saints down by only one point (16–17). The Colts would never score again, as the momentum shifted the Saints way. Brunell earned his first and only Super Bowl ring with the New Orleans Saints when the team won its first franchise championship by defeating the Indianapolis Colts 31–17 in Super Bowl XLIV.

New York Jets
Brunell was a free agent after the 2009 season, and did not re-sign with the Saints. On July 28, 2010, he signed a two-year deal to play for the New York Jets. Brunell completed his first pass for the Jets on October 3 against the Buffalo Bills. In the last regular game of the 2010 season, while filling in for starting quarterback Mark Sanchez, Brunell threw his first scoring pass since 2006, a 17-yard touchdown pass to Santonio Holmes with 15 seconds left in the opening half. He then went on to throw a second scoring pass for 52 yards to Braylon Edwards in the second half. Brunell sat on the bench as the Jets made it to the AFC Championship but eventually lost to the Steelers 24–19.

After one season with the Jets, he was released on July 29, 2011. He was re-signed two days later at a reduced salary.

In April 2012, Brunell stated that he would like to play another season if the opportunity presented itself, contradicting a report from the Florida Times-Union that he was ready to retire.

Legacy
When Washington Redskins quarterback Jason Campbell, who played quarterback for the team after Brunell, was asked what player he learned the most from in his career, Campbell said it was Mark Brunell. Campbell said "a nice tribute about how the man he replaced helped him become a better person off the field."

Football Nation ranked Brunell the twenty-ninth best quarterback of the post-merger era.

High school coaching
Brunell was an assistant football coach at Providence School in Jacksonville, Florida in 2012. In January 2013, Brunell became the new head football coach and program director at Episcopal School of Jacksonville. Episcopal went 2–8 in Brunell's first season, then improved to 8–3 in 2014.

Detroit Lions
On January 28, 2021 Mark Brunell was hired by the Detroit Lions as quarterbacks coach.

Family
Brunell is married and has a daughter, and three sons.

title: Mark Brunell


text:
Ahmed Ghailani

Ahmed Khalfan Ghailani (أحمد خلفان الغيلاني, Aḥmad Khalifān al-Ghaīlānī; born March 14, 1974) is a Tanzanian conspirator of the al-Qaeda terrorist organization convicted for his role in the bombing of embassies in Kenya and Tanzania. He was indicted in the United States as a participant in the 1998 U.S. embassy bombings. He was on the FBI Most Wanted Terrorists list from its inception in October 2001. In 2004, he was captured and detained by Pakistani forces in a joint operation with the United States, and was held until June 9, 2009, at Guantanamo Bay detention camp; one of 14 Guantanamo detainees who had previously been held at secret locations abroad. According to The Washington Post, Ghailani told military officers he is contrite and claimed to be an exploited victim of al-Qaeda operatives.

Ghailani was transported from Guantanamo Bay to New York City to await trial in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York in June 2009. When the case came to trial, the judge disallowed the testimony of a key witness. On November 17, 2010, a jury found him guilty of one count of conspiracy, but acquitted him of 284 other charges including all murder counts. Critics of the Obama administration said the verdict proves civilian courts cannot be trusted to prosecute terrorists since it shows a jury might acquit a defendant entirely. Supporters of the trial have said that the conviction and the stiff sentencing prove that the federal justice system works.

On January 25, 2011, U.S. District Judge Lewis A. Kaplan, the presiding judge in the case, sentenced Ghailani, believed to be 36 years old at the time, to life in prison for the bombing, stating that any suffering Ghailani experienced at the hands of the CIA or other agencies while in custody at Guantanamo Bay pales in comparison to the monumental tragedy of the bombings of the U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania in 1998, which killed 224 people, including 12 Americans, and left thousands injured or otherwise impacted by the crimes. The attacks were one of the deadliest non-wartime incidents of international terrorism to affect the United States; they were on a scale not surpassed until the September 11 attacks three years later. Ghailani, who had said he was never involved and did not intend to kill anyone, had been portrayed as cooperating with investigators—yielding information wanted by investigators—and as remorseful by his defense counsel, but that argument of relative non-involvement or remorse was not accepted. He is the fifth person to be sentenced. Four others were sentenced to life in prison in a 2001 trial in Manhattan federal court. Osama bin Laden was also named in the indictment.

Early life
Ghailani was born in 1974 in Zanzibar, Tanzania and is a Tanzanian citizen. He speaks Swahili and had served as a tabligh, a Muslim traveling preacher. The Denver Post printed a profile of Jeffrey Colwell, a former colonel in the United States Marine Corps, who had prepared to defend Ghailani, when he was in military custody. Colwell visited Ghailani's family in Tanzania, in addition to getting to know Ghailani himself. According to Colwell "he was a young kid at that time who was sort of lured and used as a pawn."

1998 U.S. embassy bombings
After joining al-Qaeda, he became an explosives expert and was assigned to obtain the bomb components in Dar es Salaam according to convicted fellow Embassy bombing conspirators Mohammed Sadiq Odeh and Khalfan Khamis Mohamed. This role was complicated by the fact that Ghailani could not drive so whatever purchases were too large or heavy for his bicycle such as oxygen and acetylene tanks would have to be picked up by another person in a car. Ghailani was in Nairobi, Kenya by August 6, 1998, where he is thought to have rented a room at the Hilltop Hotel used for meetings by the bombers and flew to Karachi on a Kenya Airways flight before the bombs exploded. At some time in Pakistan or Afghanistan, he married an Uzbek.

Wanted and arrest for terrorist activities
On May 26, 2004, United States Attorney General John Ashcroft and FBI Director Robert Mueller announced that reports indicated that Ghailani was one of seven al-Qaeda members who were planning a terrorist action for the summer or fall of 2004. The other alleged terrorists named on that date were Fazul Abdullah Mohammed, who had also been earlier listed with Ghailani by the FBI as a Most Wanted Terrorist for the 1998 embassy attack, and Abderraouf Jdey, Amer El-Maati, Aafia Siddiqui, Adam Yahiye Gadahn, and Adnan G. El Shukrijumah. Abderraouf Jdey was already on the FBI Seeking Information – War on Terrorism list since January 17, 2002, to which the other four were added as well.

American Democrats labeled the warning "suspicious". Dismissing the threat, they claimed it was solely to divert attention from President Bush's plummeting poll numbers and to push the failings of the Invasion of Iraq off the front page. CSIS director Reid Morden voiced similar concerns, saying it seemed more like "election year" politics, than an actual threat—and The New York Times pointed out that one day before the announcement, they had been told by the Department of Homeland Security that there were no current risks.

His arrest was made by the Intelligence Bureau Pakistan in a raid with police commandos. On July 25, 2004, a nearly eight-hour battle ensued in the town of Gujrat, Pakistan between security officials and terrorists. Ghailani and thirteen others, included his wife and children, were arrested. A police officer was wounded in the battle. Pakistani Interior Minister Makhdoom Faisal Saleh Hayat announced the capture of Ghailani on July 29, 2004. The US Government had offered a $5,000,000 USD bounty offered for information leading to the arrest of Ghailani.

Some press reports (including the American magazine New Republic ) questioned whether the timing of the announcement of Ghailani's capture was politically motivated. The announcement was made just hours before U.S. Presidential candidate John Kerry was due to make his acceptance speech at the 2004 Democratic National Convention, an event at which a candidate usually receives a significant boost in the polls. Hayyat made the announcement after midnight local time, despite having apparently known Ghailiani's identity for some days beforehand. Pakistani officials denied there was any such motivation. Soon after the capture of Ghailani and the others with him, The Boston Globe, quoting a United Nations source, said that Ghailani was one of several al-Qaeda personnel who had been in Liberia around 2001, handling conflict diamonds under the protection of then-dictator Charles Taylor.

Combatant Status Review
Ghailani was among the 60% of prisoners who participated in the tribunal hearings. A Summary of Evidence memo was prepared for the tribunal of each detainee. The Ghailani memo accused him of the following:

The Department of Defense announced on August 9, 2007, that all fourteen of the "high-value detainees" who had been transferred to Guantanamo from the CIA's black sites, had been officially classified as "enemy combatants". Although judges Peter Brownback and Keith J. Allred had ruled two months earlier that only "illegal enemy combatants" could face military commissions, the Department of Defense waived the qualifier and said that all fourteen men could now face charges before Guantanamo military commissions.

Charged before a military commission
The al-Qaeda suspect alleged to have been involved in the 1998 United States embassy bombings that killed 223 people and injured approximately 4,085 faced nine war crimes charges, six of them offenses that could have carried the death penalty, if he was convicted by a military tribunal, it was reported on March 31, 2008. Scott L. Fenstermaker and David Remes were in a rare dispute as to who was authorized to assist Ghaliani.

In June 2009, Ghailani was transferred to New York to face trial in a federal court. The Department of Justice, under U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder, directed the U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York, Preet Bharara, not to seek the death penalty in an October 2009 memorandum.

Transfer to the United States
On August 31, 2009, Corrections One, a trade journal for the prison industry, speculated that Ghailani was one of ten detainees they speculated might be moved to a maximum security prison in Standish, Michigan. Instead, Ghailani was transferred to New York City to stand trial in a civilian court there. He learned that being transferred from military to civilian jurisdiction meant that he could no longer be assisted by Colonel Jeffrey Colwell and Major Richard Reiter.

On February 10, 2010, United States district court Judge Lewis A. Kaplan ordered the Prosecution to review the record of Ghailani's detention in CIA's network of black sites. According to The New York Times any materials that showed the decisions “were for a purpose other than national security” had to be turned over to Ghailani's lawyers. It was reported that Kaplan was considering dismissing the charges on the grounds that due to Ghailani's long extrajudicial detention he had been denied the constitutional right to a speedy trial.

On April 23, 2010, a 52-page unclassified summary of Ghailani's 2007 Guantanamo interrogations was published in preparation for his trial.

Benjamin Weiser, writing in The New York Times reported that the summary, published during Ghailani's civilian trial, revealed new details about his life as an Osama bin Laden bodyguard. According to Weiser, the interrogation summary asserted that during the year he was a bodyguard Ghailani met several other individuals who were among those who later became hijackers in the September 11 attacks. Following his work as a bodyguard, the summary asserts Ghailani became a forger, where he became "very good with Photoshop". Ghailani's trial commenced on October 4, 2010, in the Daniel Patrick Moynihan Federal Court Building in lower Manhattan, in front of U.S. District Court Judge Lewis A. Kaplan. There were no protests or demonstrations during the trial, as observed by Human Rights First.

On October 6, 2010, in a short ruling that the judge said he would expand upon later that day, it was determined that a key witness, the Tanzanian Hussein Abebe, who may have issued statements crucial to implicating Ghailani during the time he was under CIA custody, would not be testifying in the trial. Judge Kaplan agreed to delay the start of the trial until the following Tuesday, October 12, 2010, pending a possible appeal of that ruling. On October 11, 2010, the government announced it would not appeal Judge Kaplan's ruling. Steve Zissou, one of Ghailani's lawyers, commented that the government's decision not to appeal was "a significant victory for the Constitution".

On November 17, 2010, Ghailani was convicted of conspiracy, but acquitted of all the other charges. On January 25, 2011, Ghailani was sentenced to life in prison.

On May 10, 2019, Ghailani was transferred from ADX Florence in Colorado, to United States Penitentiary, McCreary, in Kentucky as BOP number 02476-748.

title: Ahmed Ghailani


text:
Chinese cabbage

Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa, subspecies pekinensis and chinensis) is either of two cultivar groups of leaf vegetables often used in Chinese cuisine: the Pekinensis Group (napa cabbage) and the Chinensis Group (bok choy).

These vegetables are both variant cultivars or subspecies of the turnip and belong to the same genus as such Western staples as cabbage, broccoli, and cauliflower. Both have many variations in name, spelling, and scientific classification, especially bok choy cultivars.

History
The Chinese cabbage was principally grown in the Yangtze River Delta region, but the Ming dynasty naturalist Li Shizhen popularized it by bringing attention to its medicinal qualities. The variant cultivated in Zhejiang around the 14th century was brought north, and the northern harvest of napa cabbage soon exceeded the southern one. These were then exported back south along the Grand Canal to Hangzhou and traded by sea as far south as Guangdong.

Napa cabbage became a staple in Northeastern Chinese cuisine for making suan cai, Chinese sauerkraut. In Korea, napa cabbage became baek-kimchi. And this developed into kimchi. Chinese cabbage is now commonly found in markets throughout the world, catering both to the Chinese diaspora and to northern markets that appreciate its resistance to cold.

In 2017, aboard the International Space Station, a crop of Chinese cabbage from a plant growth device included an allotment for crew consumption, while the rest was saved for scientific study.

Cultivar groups
There are two distinct groups of Brassica rapa used as leaf vegetables in China, and a wide range of cultivars within these two groups. The binomial name B. campestris is also used.

Pekinensis Group
This group is the more common of the two, especially outside Asia; names such as napa cabbage, dà báicài (, "large white vegetable"); Baguio petsay or petsay wombok (Tagalog); Chinese white cabbage; "wong a pak" (Hokkien, Fujianese); baechu, wongbok; hakusai (白菜 or ハクサイ) and "suann-tang-pe̍h-á" (Taiwanese) usually refer to members of this group. Pekinensis Group cabbages have broad green leaves with white petioles, tightly wrapped in a cylindrical formation and usually forming a compact head. As the group name indicates, this is particularly popular in northern China around Beijing (Peking).

Chinensis Group
Chinensis Group cultivars do not form heads; instead, they have smooth, dark green leaf blades forming a cluster reminiscent of mustard or celery. These cultivars are popular in southern China and Southeast Asia. Being winter-hardy, they are increasingly grown in Northern Europe. This group was originally classified as its own species under the name B. chinensis by Linnaeus.

title: Chinese cabbage


text:
Savage Island

Savage Island or Savage Islands may refer to:

Islands

 * Niue (formerly "Savage Island"), an island nation in the South Pacific Ocean
 * Savage Island (Alaska)
 * Savage Islands, a small Portuguese archipelago in the North Atlantic Ocean off the Canary Islands
 * Savage Island (Washington)

Entertainment

 * Savage Island (film), a 1985 film starring Linda Blair
 * Savage Islands (film), a 1983 adventure film starring Tommy Lee Jones
 * Savage Island (album), a 2008 album released by rapper Savage

title: Savage Island


text:
Jackson system development

Jackson System Development (JSD) is a linear software development methodology developed by Michael A. Jackson and John Cameron in the 1980s.

History
JSD was first presented by Michael A. Jackson in 1982, in a paper called "A System Development Method". and in 1983 in System Development. Jackson System Development (JSD) is a method of system development that covers the software life cycle either directly or, by providing a framework into which more specialized techniques can fit. Jackson System Development can start from the stage in a project when there is only a general statement of requirements. However, many projects that have used Jackson System Development actually started slightly later in the life cycle, doing the first steps largely from existing documents rather than directly with the users. The later steps of JSD produce the code of the final system. Jackson’s first method, Jackson Structured Programming (JSP), is used to produce the final code. The output of the earlier steps of JSD are a set of program design problems, the design of which is the subject matter of JSP. Maintenance is also addressed by reworking whichever of the earlier steps are appropriate.

JSD continued to evolve, and a few new features were introduced into the method. These are described in a 1989 collection of papers by John Cameron, JSP and JSD, and in the 1992 version (version 2) of the LBMS JSD manual.

Development of the JSD method came to an end in the early 1990s as Jackson's thinking evolved into the Problem Frames Approach with the publication of Software Requirements and Specifications (1995) and Problem Frames: Analyzing and Structuring Software Development Problems (2000).

Principles of operation
Three basic principles of operation of JSD is that:
 * Development must start with describing and modelling the real world, rather than specifying or structuring the function performed by the system. A system made using JSD method performs the simulation of the real world before any direct attention is paid to function or purpose of the system.
 * An adequate model of a time-ordered world must itself be time-ordered. Main aim is to map progress in the real world on progress in the system that models it.
 * The way of implementing the system is based on transformation of specification into efficient set of processes. These processes should be designed in such a manner that it would be possible to run them on available software and hardware.

JSD steps
When it was originally presented by Jackson in 1982, the method consisted of six steps:

 * 1) Entity/action step
 * 2) Initial model step
 * 3) Interactive function step
 * 4) Information function step
 * 5) System timing step
 * 6) System implementation step

Later, some steps were combined to create a method with only three steps.
 * 1) Modelling stage (analysis): with the entity/action step and entity structures step.
 * 2) Network stage (design): with the initial model step, function step, and system timing step.
 * 3) Implementation stage (realisation): the implementation step.

Modeling stage
In the modeling stage the designer creates a collection of entity structure diagrams and identifies the entities in the system, the actions they perform, the time-ordering of the actions in the life of the entities, and the attributes of the actions and entities. Entity structure diagrams use the diagramming notation of Jackson Structured Programming structure diagrams. Purpose of these diagrams is to create a full description of the aspects of the system and the organisation. Developers have to decide which things are important and which are not. Good communication between developers and users of the new system is very important.

This stage is the combination of the former entity/action step and the entity structures step.

Network stage
In the network stage a model of the system as a whole is developed and represented as a system specification diagram (SSD) (also known as a network diagram). Network diagrams show processes (rectangles) and how they communicate with each other, either via state vector connections (diamonds) or via datastream connections (circles). In this stage, the functionality of the system is defined. Each entity becomes a process or program in the network diagram. External programs are later added to the network diagrams. The purpose of these programs is to process input, calculate output and to keep the entity processes up-to-date. The whole system is described with these network diagrams and are completed with descriptions about the data and connections between the processes and programs.

The initial model step specifies a simulation of the real world. The function step adds to this simulation the further executable operations and processes needed to produce output of the system. System timing step provides synchronisation among processes, introduces constraints. This stage is the combination of the former ‘Initial model’ step, the ‘function’ step and the ‘system timing’ step.

Implementation stage
In the implementation stage the abstract network model of the solution is converted into a physical system, represented as a system implementation diagram (SID). The SID shows the system as a scheduler process that calls modules that implement the processes. Datastreams are represented as calls to inverted processes. Database symbols represent collections of entity state-vectors, and there are special symbols for file buffers (which must be implemented when processes are scheduled to run at different time intervals).

The central concern of implementation step is optimization of the system. It is necessary to reduce the number of processes because it is impossible to provide each process that is contained in specification with its own virtual processor. By means of transformation, processes are combined in order to limit their number to the number of processors.

Designing the diagrams
The diagram shows how the action entities cooperate with the system. Entity structure diagram (ESD) notations: Normally there would be only one action underneath a RecurringConstruct.
 * Entity structure diagram (ESD)
 * Entity: An entity is an object that is used on the system and by the system.
 * Action: The actions that are carried out by entities and the actions that affect other entities.
 * Construct-sequence: The JSD construct is identical to the SSADM Entity Life History construct. Use a SequenceConstruct to illustrate actions that are applied from left to right.
 * Construct-selection: To reflect a choice between two or more actions. Mark the options in the topright corner with a "o" (option).
 * Construct-recurrence: When an action repeats, place a small asterisk (*) in the topright corner.
 *  Null component: A Null component can make sure nothing happens in an IF-ELSE statement.

Network diagrams show the interaction between the processes. Sometimes they are referred to as system specification diagrams (SSDs). Network diagram (ND) notations:
 * Network diagram (ND)
 * Process: Processes represent system functions. A process model represents the primary system functions. It generally has a relation with an outside entity through the datastream.
 * Datastream connection: In a datastream connection, process A (the entity that writes the datastream) actively sends information to another process B.
 * State vector inspection: In a state vector connection, process B (the entity that reads the state vector information) reads the state vector information of another entity A.

The difference between a state vector connection and a data stream connection lies in which process is active. In a datastream connection, the process with the information, A, is the active process; it actively sends a message to the datastream reader B at a time that it (A, the sender) chooses. In a state vector inspection, the process with the information, A, is passive; it does nothing but let the reader process B inspect its (A's) state vector. B, the process doing the inspection, is the active process; it decides when it will read information from A. Roughly speaking, datastream connection is an abstraction of message passing, while state vector inspection is an abstraction for polling (and for database retrieval).

title: Jackson system development