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Talk:PhpBB

phpbb fan sites
jake b thinks about the forumimages.com fan site:

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Jake_b&oldid=45137180

Jake b also thinks that forumimages.com shuld stay. Therefore, jake b thinks that all fan sites are good for linking. Do you really want all fan sites to be link to? 72.36.251.234 17:17, 27 November 2006 (UTC)

 * In the initial discussion of "non-official" links, I expressed an opinion that forumimages.com was sub-standard, and should not be included. There was discussion where the majority of people disagreed with me, that it was at least as good as the rest and if we kept them we should keep forumimages.com. So it was decided to keep it. This is as it should be, and is not in conflict with my present position in the current discussion. Chris Cunningham removed all the "non-official" links without discussion, which I objected to.

 * Are there specific links that *you* feel should be removed? Specific links *you* feel should be kept? I think we should keep *ALL* the current links (including forumimages.com, since we already discussed that). Do *you* object to that? Which ones in spacific don't *you* want to keep? If all you would like to do is talk about *me*, I have a Talk page you can go to town on (though I must tell you, neither I nor anyone else reads it). Jake b 18:37, 27 November 2006 (UTC)

 * of the links that are currently there, I think the following should be deleted:

 * ForumTemplates.com - not enough unique content 2 merit inclusion

 * phpBB at OpenSourceCMS - if you want a demo, go to phpbb.com. If you want an admin demo, go to http://www.phpbb.com/demo.php.  If you want a review, do not go to wikipedia.  The firefox article does not have a review and it is featured article.  If you think a review is good, go add a review to the firefox article.  If it does not get reverted then reviews are good here.  If it does get reverted then you wuold have to think you were better at writing a featured article than the firefox people.  How many feature articles have you written?

 * phpBBStyles.com - their just subset of phpbb.com and phpbbhacks.com. look at featured styles.  they are at phpbbhacks.com, 2.  aphrodite, morpheus, etc.  they offer no unique content.

 * ForumImages.com - no unique content. all FI* themes are at phpbbhacks.com.

 * the unofficial links I think should be kept are phpBB.org.in, phpBB at the Open Directory Project, and phpBBhacks.com. 72.36.251.234 19:11, 27 November 2006 (UTC)

 * I agree with your list almost completely, with the exception of phpBB at OpenSourceCMS, seems to me there is value in having a bunch of apps all in one place to compare and contrast. But other than that, you hit the nail on the head with all of them. Is phpBB.org.in just a re-hash of documents availuble at the official site? I don't know. But the site itself looked "educational" (if Mr. Cunningham has concern). Jake b 20:51, 27 November 2006 (UTC)
 * wow - that was not a response i expected. i was bracing myself for many more days of debate. it would seem i misjudged you. sorry. 72.36.251.234 21:00, 27 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Off the topic for a second...do you mind writing in normal English? I'm having a hard time to read and understand what you're trying to say, so it would be nice if you could keep us non-native speakers of English in mind ;) 84.56.41.224 21:47, 27 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Indeed. Please spell things out to make the discussion as comprehensible as possible. You've already been requested once to use proper English. Continuing your incomprehensible jargon is rather rude and certainly your arguments will be ignored by the rest of the editors here if you can't phrase them properly. I am seriously considering removing any comments by you if you continue to post like that. pschemp | talk 22:21, 27 November 2006 (UTC)
 * 'Is phpBB.org.in just a re-hash of documents availuble at the official site? I don't know.' nope, nothing else exista that I know of (lest sf has something, but I doubt it). Anon 23:21, 27 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Wasn't sure. Seems like a good resource. I guess I was making an assumption that it was a repackaging of existing documentation. Bad me. I wanted to add, I looked at the phpBB lising at the Open Directory Project, and I'm not really impressed with what's there. Jake b 05:48, 28 November 2006 (UTC)

 * You're considering removing arguments because you don't agree with their presentation? Is this a documented justification for removing talk page commentary, or another off-the-cuff decision like the full prot? Chris Cunningham 02:36, 28 November 2006 (UTC)
 * No, because its rude and disruptive to deliberately write in a manner that is difficult for editors to understand after being requested to not do it. This is the English Wikipedia after all, not the "I'm cool cause I use leet and stuff so other people will have a hard time understanding me" Wikipedia. pschemp | talk 06:22, 28 November 2006 (UTC)
 * "Omg" and "speak English please" should not be used in same sentence, as you did in your earlier request, since "Omg" is not English 72.36.251.234 20:12, 29 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Use "proper English"??? Removing Talk comments??? Doesn't quite sit right, eh? I assume I can use the Brit spelling of words if I wanted, right? Let's stay on-topic... I wanted to add, I looked at the phpBB lising at the Open Directory Project, and I'm not really impressed with what's there. If it where up to me, I would keep:
 * * phpBB.org.in - Good documentation resource
 * * phpBBhacks.com - One of the most popular (in my opinion, THE most popular) hack / mod / template site.
 * * phpBB at OpenSourceCMS - A terrific resource for comparing similar applications side-by-side.

 * Yes? No? Maybe? Discussion? It may not make everyone happy, but it focuses the link quality a bit better? Maybe?

 * Jake b 05:53, 28 November 2006 (UTC)
 * I'm happy with this list. Let's make it so. Thanks for compromising. Chris Cunningham 11:48, 28 November 2006 (UTC)
 * i like it 72.36.251.234 13:35, 28 November 2006 (UTC)

 * To a degree I'm very much with Chris Cunningham about link spam, most of which are very sub-par sites anyway. I think with a suitable baseline, additions should be discussed / looked at closely to maintain some degree of quality /educational value / whatever. 90% ( 95%? ) of what's on the Internet is crap anyway... But obviously I feel strongly about the official / non-official inclusion issue. Good day! Jake b 15:56, 28 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Yay. We're done here. Here's to future cooperative editing. Chris Cunningham 14:03, 29 November 2006 (UTC)
 * In addition, I assume, to the phpbb.com, area51, sf & irc links, plus any other links that include reasonably unique content? 125.236.183.226 07:56, 30 November 2006 (UTC)
 * I think we've established that people would like discussion about links to be included... Jake b 08:25, 1 December 2006 (UTC)

New Version
Page needs updating to reflect that Beta 4 has been released 217.42.227.230 22:24, 30 November 2006 (UTC)
 * I'm sure hoping Beta 4 results in a release! Been waiting on v3 before I migrate a board from something else to phpBB... Jake b 06:12, 3 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Never does...it might result in RC1, but there will be (and have been already) changes. 84.56.46.124 09:43, 3 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Frankly I'm not concerned about not having a release for a while. It'd be nice not to have weekly security updates for a year on a supposedly stable release this time. Chris Cunningham 10:39, 4 December 2006 (UTC)

Troublemaker on the page?
Regarding the edits from Tragic romance: I'm embarrassed even to have my sentences in the same section. Proposing to delete comments he doesn't like.

I realize this is a Talk page, not an article, so informality is fine. But that kind of attitude is starkly out of sync with the spirit of Wikipedia. Not only is it in extreme disregard and disdain for contributors, it is also deliberately hostile and confrontational. 72.36.251.234 17:57, 13 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I see no edits in recent history by any user named 'Tragic romance', either on this talk page or in the article. -Amatulic 19:01, 13 December 2006 (UTC)

 * It's viral marketing to whip up the interest for when 'Tragic Romance' finally makes a show. Jake b 16:16, 15 December 2006 (UTC)

Books
Building Online Communities With Drupal, phpBB, and WordPress by Robert T. Douglass, Mike Little, Jared W. Smith. Apress, 2005. ISBN 1590595629

Building Online Communities with phpBB 2 by by Stoyan Stefanov, Jeremy Rogers, Mike Lothar. Packt Publishing, 2005. ISBN 1904811132

phpBB: A User Guide by Stoyan Stefanov, Jeremy Rogers. Packt Publishing, 2006. ISBN 1904811914

I don't have any dogs in this fight, I just want to learn phpBB because it has been installed at work for a corporate idea forum. I saw article is cited for lacking criteria of "notable" software, one of which is linkage to third-party books. Perhaps winner of this edit war might find above books satisfy criteria and worth posting, in properly formatted fashion, on content page. I'm sure one or more may be of interest to other neutral parties simply interested in learning the software. Paulscrawl 20:57, 21 January 2007 (UTC)

Addendum: search of Amazon.com for "phpbb" generated 61 hits, books citing phpBB, though above three titles are only ones at present with phpBB in title. Time to clear article's notability note, or not? Paulscrawl 21:09, 21 January 2007 (UTC)

 * That's certainly likely to do it! I'll have a look for some of those on Google Print when I have a chance, and get some of the statements here properly referenced. Seraphimblade 23:46, 21 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Those three should take care of the notability question. I'll place them in a "Further reading" section until someone uses them as actual references. ✤ JonHarder talk 01:10, 22 January 2007 (UTC)

 * By the way, I think primarysources still applies to the article because the three potential sources have not yet been used to expand and reference the article. As it stands, it only uses primary sources. ✤ JonHarder talk 03:12, 23 January 2007 (UTC)

That was fast! Thanks to both of you for posting the books to the article and clearing the article's notability tag. 63 hits on Google Print search of phpBB: http://books.google.com/books?q=phpBB&btnG=Search+Books&as_brr=0 Perhaps (1) extensive documentation is a feature worthy of mention and citation under Features section? That, and (2) wide deployment and (3) broad community of active developers, are features I look for when evaluating Open Source software for enterprise applications. Can these three features be mentioned, with verifiable citations to secondary sources? Paulscrawl 13:48, 23 January 2007 (UTC)

Technology Section
This entire section is unnecessary and should be removed. The first paragraph primarily describes the function of a database abstraction layer. This is neither unique to phpBB, nor is it noteworthy. The list of supported databases should be moved to a bullet point in the features section. The second paragraph describes a templating and localization system. Once again, it is not unique and should be removed. The third paragraph rambles about versions and dependencies. This information should be available on the phpBB website should someone be that interested. --Hamitr 03:36, 16 March 2007 (UTC)
 * I removed this section and moved all relevant information elsewhere in the article unless it was already mentioned. I moved the php version info to the history section rather than deleting it.--Hamitr 00:54, 18 March 2007 (UTC)

Templated System a strength?
I don't know if it's been changed in version 3, but in version 2 the template system is far from a strength. The classes and id's have little relationship to their function making it tough to use CSS as you'd want to do a redesign. So I'd say that there are differing viewpoints on that. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Macgruder (talk • contribs) 17:42, 16 March 2007 (UTC).
 * It is a strength considering that one can change the HTML code without knowledge of the PHP backend. The problem you described is not a problem with the template system, but rather with the default template delivered with phpBB. Other templates are completely stylable using CSS. 88.64.72.189 15:47, 18 March 2007 (UTC)

phpBB Scalability
Does anybody know examples where overloaded phpBB forum was fixed by adding additional phpBB or database machines? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 212.98.173.72 (talk) 11:46, 11 May 2007 (UTC).

The only example I can think of would be a large site such as GaiaOnline.com which runs a version of phpBB2. They've got many servers/database machines, however I've got no links off hand referencing this and their phpBB has been heavily modified that its off in its own direction. 125.238.220.37 (talk) 10:30, 24 April 2008 (UTC)

Security
In December 2004, a large number of Web sites were defaced by the Santy worm, which used vulnerabilities in outdated versions of phpBB to overwrite PHP and HTML pages.

Because of this, the security of phpBB has been disputed, with a series of new versions in a relatively small timeframe addressing security issues. what does this even mean??? the first part of the sentence - the "because of this, the security of phpbb has been disputed" makes perfect sense. the second part... not so much.

maybe whomever added it was trying to say "because of this and because new versions addressing security issues are released in a relatively small timeframe from one another, the security of phpBB has been disputed". of course, they didn't do a very good job, if that was what they were trying to say.

and if that is what they were trying to say, it is highly POV and, arguably, factually incorrect. what constitutes a "relatively small timeframe"? i consider a week to be a small timeframe, but i don't consider a month to be one. some people might even consider a year to be a small timeframe, but, for software, in general, i think a year is an incredibly long timeframe.

of course, i also said this claim was, arguably, factually incorrect. i'll present evidence of that, now, using my own definition of a "relatively small timeframe".

phpBB 2.0.22 was released on Dec 23, 2006

phpBB 2.0.21 was released on Jun 09, 2006

phpBB 2.0.20 was released on Apr 07, 2006

phpBB 2.0.19 was released on Dec 30, 2005

phpBB 2.0.18 was released on Oct 30, 2005

phpBB 2.0.17 was released on Jul 19, 2005

phpBB 2.0.16 was released on Jun 27, 2005

phpBB 2.0.15 was released on May 07, 2005

phpBB 2.0.14 was released on Apr 15, 2005

phpBB 2.0.13 was released on Feb 27, 2005

phpBB 2.0.12 was released on Feb 21, 2005

phpBB 2.0.11 was released on Nov 18, 2004

phpBB 2.0.10 was released on Jul 17, 2004

phpBB 2.0.9 was released on Jul 12, 2004

phpBB 2.0.8 was released on May 25, 2004

phpBB 2.0.7 was released on May 13, 2004

phpBB 2.0.6 was released on Aug 03, 2003

phpBB 2.0.5 was released on Jun 16, 2003

phpBB 2.0.4 was released on Jan 15, 2003

phpBB 2.0.3 was released on Sep 30, 2002

phpBB 2.0.2 was released on Aug 12, 2002

phpBB 2.0.1 was released on May 20, 2002

And finally, phpBB 2.0.0 was released on Apr 04, 2002.

of these, only two releases were released within a week of an earlier release. phpBB 2.0.13 and phpBB 2.0.10. both of these were over two years ago. "new versions addressing security issues are [not] released in a relatively small timeframe from one another" frequently enough to justify such a generalization. not when there are 19 other releases that don't do that, not when the last time it was done was well over two years ago, and not on something that's trying to be encyclopedic.

while i'm at it, i do think it's silly to judge the security of a product not based on whether or not there are any currently known vulnerabilities that are both severe and easy to exploit, but rather on the frequency of releases in the changelog. you can't, after all, use a changelog to deface a website. there's a reason changelog is not in the Category:Web_security_exploits category.

i can appreciate not wanting to figure out how to search vulnerability databases and instead relying on "meta" information to determine what's secure and what's not, but don't presume for one second to have any clue what you're talking about when that's the basis of your opinion Misterdiscreet 04:06, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

Something that I believe is worth nothing, the CAPTCHA system mentioned in Security DOES NOT belong there. Security does not have to do with spam, as registration and posting bots can do nothing more than a typical registered user can do. Spam/Anti Spam/CAPCHA systems need its own section, version 3.0.6 has back-ported CAPCHA plugins. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.208.24.181 (talk) 22:51, 23 November 2009 (UTC)

April Fools
After a year of development and extensive testing, phpBB 2.0.0, dubbed the "Super Furry" version, was released on April 4, 2002, three days later than intended. --Wikipedia What a nice April Fools joke phpBB made! :) --Mayfare 02:53, 21 June 2007 (UTC)

Reorganization of this Article?
I would propose that this article be reorganized to provide a little more emphasis on the fact that phpBB2 and phpBB3 are now equally mature, and to provide a little more information about each. Here is how I would organize the article:

First, keep the section about History, but trim it down to a very schematic overview of phpBB's history, mentioning significant events (not necessarily interim releases). Then, create a section titled phpBB2, which would talk about when phpBB2 was started, its features and compatibility, current release, etc. Then, another section titled phpBB3, which would talk about when phpBB3 was started, its features and compatibility, current release, etc.

These new sections would replace the "Future development" and "Features" sections. (Once phpBB3 goes gold, the "Future development" section could be brought back to talk about phpBB 3.1.x once that project started.) The idea would be to help indicate that phpBB3 is no longer in development, but is practically a mature product. It would also help to emphasize that for the near future, phpBB2 and phpBB3 will both be stable platforms supported by the phpBB teams.

Webmacster87 03:12, 9 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I agree. Go ahead and rework the thing ;) 129.187.98.166 15:58, 9 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I've gone ahead and made changes to the article. Instead of trimming down the History section, I've expanded it with more complete information about some significant events for phpBB, including some recent ones, and removed some redundancy. In addition, I've added the new phpBB2 and phpBB3 sections to indicate that both of these are products of the phpBB teams that will be supported for awhile and offer different featuresets. Of course, feel free to expand on these sections if you wish. Feel free to let me know if you have any feedback for the changes, and feel free to edit/correct/expand the sections that I've added. Webmacster87 05:57, 25 July 2007 (UTC)

Why no mention of the lack of search "topic only" fuction in phpbb forums ? Such a glaring obvious annoyance for such popular forums. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 58.163.133.32 (talk) 12:21, 28 September 2007 (UTC)

Webmacster, I have gone and fixed some of the language of yours in the article to make the article consistent. Please be mindful and keep it this way in the future. smithy_dll 06:17, 30 July 2007 (UTC)

 * That's perfectly fine. I'm used to American English, and although I did try to follow British English, I did miss a couple of things there. Thanks for fixing them. Webmacster87 17:08, 31 July 2007 (UTC)

Capitalisation
I don't understand the premise for moving the article to PHPBB and replacing all of the instances of phpBB in the article with PHPBB. The newspaper copy editor's site referred to does make it clear that PHPBB would be correct -- however, that page is not a Wikipedia guideline. MOS:TRADE says that eBay and iPod are preferable to EBay and IPod. Those two appear more like phpBB than REALTOR. DonutLover 19:52, 8 September 2007 (UTC)

 * PHPBB is wrong. The only correct capitalization of the program is phpBB. The only reason that the title of the article says PhpBB is due to an issue with Wikipedia's program that insists that the first letter be capitalized, however it should NOT say PHPBB, because that is wrong. Webmacster87 13:44, 19 September 2007 (UTC)

External Links cleanup - Feb. 17, 2008
I removed the 4 additional external links which all point to phpbb.com. Before adding such links, please note El which states: I'm aware that there has been significant discussion regarding EL in the past, and I believe that my edits reflect the compromise struck near the end of Talk:PhpBB.--Hamitr (talk) 19:53, 17 February 2008 (UTC)
 * 1) Links should be restricted to the most relevant and helpful. A lack of external links, or a small number of external links is not by itself a reason to add external links.
 * 2) External links should typically not be in the body of an article. Include them in an "External links" section at the end or in the appropriate location within an infobox.
 * 3) Avoid linking to multiple pages from the same website unless there is good reason to do so.

 * Agreed. I would also add that for this article, I think that links to hosting services should not be permitted. Even if they're free hosting services, phpBB.com already has a designated place on their website where hosts can promote themselves if they so choose; Wikipedia should not be used as a source of free advertising. Links should purely be added to supplement and expand the information found in this article. Webmacster87 (talk) 17:57, 29 July 2008 (UTC)

Advertisement?
This entire article reads like an advertisement. This is aside from its rambling prose which jumps all over the place...
 * This is because it is for the most part written and WP:OWNed by the phpBB folks. Just try adding anything to the "Criticism" section. OH! There isn't one! That's because phpBB is perfect! Proxy User (talk) 03:21, 29 December 2008 (UTC)
 * If you have any valid criticism, go ahead and add it. Just make sure that there's some significance to it. Just writing "phpBB sucks" or "I like vB better" doesn't cut it. However, relatively few people keep this page current; if you want to add or fix something, you are more than welcome. No one is stopping you. Webmacster87 (talk) 03:08, 27 January 2009 (UTC)
 * some might say the "Security" section is the "Criticism" section. certainly security issues will be easier to provide WP:RS citations for than usability issues. what other criticisms do you propose be discussed? Misterdiscreet (talk) 01:24, 8 March 2009 (UTC)

Repetition
This article seems to continously repeat itself, sometimes on non-notable issues! -- Fluteflute Talk Contributions 08:40, 29 December 2008 (UTC)

Best Way to Improve the Lead Section?
I wholeheartedly agree with whoever added the note that this article suffers from a poor lead section which quite frankly dates back many years. However, what would be the best way to improve it? It's hard to come up with a good way of expanding it without making it seem too much like an advertisement, and quite frankly vBulletin, Invision Power Board, WordPress, and other articles describing free software of this nature don't really have much more of a lead section than this article does... Webmacster87 (talk) 03:14, 27 January 2009 (UTC)

 * History, development, adoption... there's loads to work with. Yes, a great many articles suffer from this, but that just means we've got a lot of work ahead of us. Chris Cunningham (not at work) - talk 15:24, 9 March 2009 (UTC)

Order of versions
Just wondering if anybody would object to me moving pbpBB2 after history and before phpBB3. After all the order was 1, 2, 3, correct? The Weak Willed 10:19, 13 August 2009 (UTC)

PhpBB Portal tracking
There is no official portal. There are TONS of available portal options There is no list of them - anywhere- no consolidated information available.

The only place I can see suitable for storing this information would be on the Phpbb official site - but they want nothing to do with portal discussion and refuse to name any 'official' portal.

So this Wikipedia site is the only other place I can think of tracking this information.

PhpBB portals should not have their own separate listing because they require and are a part of the phpbb; and will not function without one.

I have spent many hours searching for these options on numerous different sites; I have posted them as best as I can; I have no clue how to 'properly' format things here and I really have no desire to waste many more hours learning how it is 'supposed' to be done. I have used wikipedia for a few years now = and this is the first time I've found it LACKING the information I was looking for. I have contributed what I can - I hope that the next person to contribute will not DELETE all the information I posted - perhaps they can clean it up the way that its 'supposed' to be. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Blombardo (talk • contribs) 06:19, 13 October 2009 (UTC)
 * Use the WP:Sandbox for your experiments with formatting, not the final article. Ginsengbomb (talk) 06:24, 13 October 2009 (UTC)

-That information is my final version; I dont know how you people want it edited - and as I stated before I'm not messing around with this - I collected the info - I posted the info - If you dont like the way it looks why dont you change it? Whats better - Having information available - that may not 'look the way you want' -- or not having the information available at all? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Blombardo (talk • contribs) 06:33, 13 October 2009 (UTC)
 * The issue is not that your information is wrong, the issue here is that it is in conflict with some of Wikipedia policies. Please read WP:NOT to understand why your edits were reverted. Thank you. - RUL3R *trolling *vandalism 06:36, 13 October 2009 (UTC)

Aww come one! Wth is that? You say such a marginal statement - then give me a link to a thousand things... Why not tell me WHICH ONE of those 100,000 different things that 'wikepedia is NOT' I am in violation of? I don't think you people get it... I AM NEW HERE - I'm TYRING to contribute for the FIRST time - and I'm hitting a brick wall of people who are not only - NOT helping me - but who are stopping me from making a contribution. Whats the deal?

Why do I want to read a ton of 'What it is NOT -- why dont you show me What I'm doing wrong - and how to fix it?

Or better yet - SINCE YOU KNOW THE DEAL -- why dont YOU fix it???? Then I can see how you did it and I'll know for NEXT time - If this pile of Non-helpfulness continues I'm never going to be able to become a contributing member around here.

This whole system of posting/replying/discussing/etc is extremely foreign and weird -I know how to use a phpbb- ipb - or other like systems... this is a Frankenstein looking thing to work with. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Blombardo (talk • contribs) 06:42, 13 October 2009 (UTC)
 * I respect that you are new here, I respect that you are trying to contribute. As part of trying, you should try and read the links we are supplying and learn how to contribute without violating the rules. If you want to contribute, you must follow the rules. Otherwise, you will not be able to contribute. It is not my job to re-edit and re-do your content. We are attempting to be helpful by directing you to the same articles that most of us read when we first came on here. If you do not want to read them and learn how to contribute, that is your prerogative. I hope you do read them. Ginsengbomb (talk) 06:46, 13 October 2009 (UTC)
 * Also, Wikipedia "is not" a directory or repository. That's the section at issue here, in addition to my formatting concerns. Took me 10 seconds to find that in the article RUL3R linked to you. Please read it. Ginsengbomb (talk) 06:48, 13 October 2009 (UTC)

So you're telling me that I can say 'there are portals for phpbb' -- but I cant LIST the names of all the portals? That's not how I read it.

I did read the entire 'not' section. But what I am missing - is the 'What it IS' section -- what I'm also missing is a 'how to properly add a section to the list' -- because apparently even if I KNEW how to add it - you would again delete it because you consider it to be a 'directory'?? I tell you what... I'll hope you reply and show me some fancy link that gives a tutorial on article creation...  I'm going to edit the thing one more time- with only one little tiny post about portals with one link - and leave out all the rest of the info. After that I'm done here... I'll read the article you suggest and if its helpful enough I'll return another day to work on this. In all the messages people sent me - telling me to click the 'talk' button -- well on my screen its called 'discussion' - NOT talk. So that threw me for a loop. The fact that I have to 'edit' this area rather than'reply' to it also is odd to me... there must be some massive area of tutorials that tell a person everything they ever wanted to know about this site; but if there is- I dont see it on my links to the left of my screen -- I cant even figure out how to send a message or reply to a message... I'm pasting my entire collection of info here (so others may be able to find it and edit it ) phpBB Portal Options

There are many different Portal options designed to work within the Administrator Control panel of phpBB 3.+

The official position of the phpBB group can be found here: http://www.phpbb.com/community/viewtopic.php?f=64&t=1812245&p=10953435#p10953435

The following is a list of: 1: All known Portals 2: Their latest version and what version of phpBB it is designed for 3: Their support website. 4: Information about Custom Styles that may or may not be available 5: Things that may set them apart from one another (custom mods for example) (this is an incomplete list because there is no single source of finding them all)

ONE: 1: DAMysterious Portal Portal XL5 2: XL5 - phpBB 3.0.2 3: http://damysterious.xs4all.nl/portalxl/portal.html 4: 128 STYLES 5: Built in gallery, Built in Style changer; available with a 'fullymodded phpbb' package through another site

TWO: 1: Stargate portal (formally known as KISS/phpBB3portal) 2: Unknown - phpBB3.0.5 3: http://www.stargate-portal.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=10 4: Many styles; uncounted but close in number to XL5 5: THREE: 1: Board 3 Portal 2: Unknown - Unknown 3: http://www.board3.de/ 4: Only THREE styles! - tons of requests but none seem answered. 5: Teamspeak plug in,

FOUR: 1: phpBB3 Portal Alexis Canver 2: Unknown - Unknown 3: http://www.phpbb3portal.com 4: unknown styles 5: Modules available include; WoW Recruitment Form w/ ACP, Highslide mod for phpbb3portal, Raid Progress Block + ACP Support, WoW Recruitment Block W/ ACP Control - v2.2, PHPRAIDER portal block FIVE 1: Nut Portal 2: Unknown - Unknown 3: http://www.blizzhackers.com/ (site seems to be offline) 4: Unknown 5: Unknown

SIX 1: PhPbb Frontpage 2: Unknown - Unknown 3: http://www.phpbbresources.com/ -main site is down. 4: Unknown 5: Unknown

SEVEN 1: phpGrr! JwB 2: Unknown - Unknown 3: http://zoofware.com/ 4: Unknown 5: Facebook integration

EIGHT 1: MK portal Large cms-- more than just a portal 2: Unknown - Unknown 3: http://www.mkportal.it/ and http://www.mk-portal.org/ 4: Unknown 5: Unknown

NINE: 1: EzPortal (made for SMF but can be used on other systems) 2: Unknown - Unknown 3: http://www.ezportal.com/ 4: Unknown 5: Unknown

TEN 1: Hacked Portal SpiderZ 2: Unknown - Unknown 3: http://www.phpbbhacks.com/download/6295 4: Unknown 5: Unknown

ELEVEN 1: Portal Extension 2: Unknown - Unknown 3: http://www.phpbbhacks.com/download/281 4: Unknown 5: Unknown

TWELVE 1: PhPbb CMS 2: Unknown - Unknown 3: http://www.phpbbhacks.com/download/1262 4: Unknown 5: Unknown

THIRTEEN 1: IM Portal masterdavid (5 years with no update) 2: Unknown - Unknown 3: http://www.phpbbhacks.com/download/2779 4: Unknown 5: Unknown

FOURTEEN 1: MX portal aka Solstice(Incredible huge CMS with payroll and more...) 2: Unknown - Unknown 3: http://www.mx-system.com/ 4: Unknown 5: Unknown

FIFTEEN 1: KTVM portal 2: Unknown - Unknown 3: http://www.phpbb.com/community/viewtopic.php?f=70&t=847955 4: Unknown 5: Unknown

SIXTEEN 1: Phpbb Primetime 2: Unknown - Unknown 3: http://www.mylatterdays.com/ 4: Unknown 5: Unknown

SEVENTEEN 1: Alpha portal 2: Unknown - Unknown 3: http://alphaportal.net/ 4: Unknown 5: Unknown

Blombardo (talk) 06:58, 13 October 2009 (UTC) (lets see if that signature code works... - what a dumb code to have to use...)

-OMG that looks horrible! When I typed it in I have spaces and nice formatting... but when its posted it looks like C R A P... what an awful text editing system.

Blombardo (talk) 06:59, 13 October 2009 (UTC)
 * I'll grant you this -- Wiki is an often frustrating bit of technology to work with, and Wikipedia is often frustrating in its mountain of confusing rules. Seriously, I'm with you on this. I've been editing Wikipedia for over three years and I still don't know all the rules. To wit, I was reverting your edits for one reason, and then RUL3R came in and had a -far- better reason for reverting them that I hadn't even thought of. That said, his reason was something I was implicitly taking into consideration, but I didn't know of the specific rule for it. Basically, as far as rules go, the best advice I can offer is that you read the articles, note the kind of content included in them, note how they're formatted, and try and match that. If someone comes in and posts a warning on your talk page that you are confused by (as happened here), ask why (as you did). If they post you relevant WP articles covering the warning, read them exhaustively (that's the hard part). As for this issue, you can't dump a list of names and addresses into the article the way you have. Almost everything under "Wikipedia is not a directory" directly applies to your content. Again, I'm learning this myself for the first time, after having been an on-again off-again editor for 3+ years. I was reverting you based on formatting (which is sorta the same thing, in a way). As for your intended final edit, your source will have to be reputable/verifiable for acceptance. This is, again, simply the way things are, and for good reason in that case. Your intended final edit may very well be completely, 100% undeniable truth, and I think it probably is. But Wikipedia does not exist to be a directory of actionable list information about a topic such as this. It exists to -describe- the topic. Take this as an example: an encyclopedia article on "modems" would describe what a modem is, but it wouldn't exhaustively list every modem type ever manufactured, wouldn't link every manufacturer, etc. That's an important and applicable distinction.

 * Again, I sincerely hope this initial experience doesn't dissuade you from learning more about the contributing process and contributing. You seem to have good intentions and, believe me, a lot of people who are trying to "contribute" absolutely do not. Ginsengbomb (talk) 07:08, 13 October 2009 (UTC)

 * The text editing system is difficult to work with but it does work. Note that your entries, when you input them, are in monospace, unformatted type. Any formatting that exists in your original document won't transfer. Think of a contribution to Wikipedia as coding basic HTML. It's actually somewhat similar. Ginsengbomb (talk) 07:12, 13 October 2009 (UTC)

Pleasure to have met you both; When I have used this in the past to look things up - every last item WAS listed... (see PSP - every generation of it is listed - see even this very phpbb topic - it is listing all the versions - ) I come here to learn what a thing is, and to learn all its variations. I was hoping to learn all the available portals for phpbb here and was suprised to see them missing. If I can not link them directly (which is understandable) perhaps I should create an entire new wiki - a totally seperate phpbb Portal one that is specifically designed to describe them all. I believed they should be listed under the board itself because the board is required... but I suppose the 'portal' article could be expanded to discuss other's - there are over 20 popular BB systems - each one has over 20 different portals available... would be a rather massive article then...  WHAT WOULD YOU SUGGEST? -I want to have a list of portals posted someplace; describing in detail what they are - what they do - how they are different etc... I had no idea this would be such a big production; thought it would take me about 20 minutes to post... So save me some time- tell me where to put it  - how to do it -- or tell me - that it will never - in no way - happen - under any circumstances...   I tried simply posting a link to the discussion on the official phpbb forum; but even that was removed...  Blombardo (talk) 07:47, 13 October 2009 (UTC)
 * Hey, likewise, really. It basically almost never happens that someone who is initially identified as a "vandal" or whatever turns out to be someone who's actually trying to add something useful to Wikipedia. And I seriously appreciate your declaration of intent. Honestly, I wouldn't be talking to you if I didn't think you were trying to add something here, hehe. Maybe my modem example was inappropriate. You're clearly right that the PSP article (and other similar articles) list all existing versions of the relevant product. It's the -directory- portion of WP:NOT that I believe applies. A better example: BitTorrent_(protocol). An article that, if it were intended to be actionable, screams for a list of evil (nyuk nyuk) BT sites. But it does not, because that would make the article something of a -directory-. What does this mean for you? To be honest, I have no idea. Again, I'm nowhere nearly familiar enough with the topic at hand to make such a judgment. The nifty thing about the Wikipedia rules is that I don't have to know the first thing about php boards to know that your content was revertable, as it was posted. The less-nifty thing is that I don't necessarily know how to help you. You need to have a reputable source for your information. You appear to be the source, in this case. You are not a "reputable source" (no offense, obviously, hehe). What stinks: you have real, actionable information that is not citable. What's the point: Wikipedia ain't your venue for this information. I am confident, given the topic, that you know of other ways to disseminate this info. Ginsengbomb (talk) 08:02, 13 October 2009 (UTC)
 * Responding to your salient points: no, unless you find a reputable source to publish this information, this information is essentially considered invalid here. It'll be considered bias or factually incorrect. If you find a reputable source to publish it, the appropriate way to deliver this information via Wikipedia is to -reference- it, rather than list it. I'm sure there are articles on Wikipedia that violate the two things I just said. If you find 'em, let me know ;). Ginsengbomb (talk) 08:11, 13 October 2009 (UTC)

Personally I don't think phpBB portals have much to do with phpBB itself. There are plenty of MODs - Quick Reply MODs, spam MODs, etc. phpBB is not a CMS, so why are portals even mentioned? Just my opinion of course. 202.76.136.194 (talk) 03:49, 15 August 2010 (UTC)
 * Just a bump on this, any opinion? I personally just don't think it is relevant at all, despite the author's hard-work compiling the list. Maybe this applies: Ownership of articles. 202.76.136.194 (talk) 06:08, 29 August 2010 (UTC)

A phpBB reference
I removed this reference from List of social software and thought it might be worth using here. (I think it was citing phpBB's notability.) --Pnm (talk) 03:28, 30 December 2010 (UTC)

This article needs a freshen
PhpBB 3.0.6 is referred to as the next release. 3.0.8 is the current and 3.0.9 is due out soon. I'll put it on my long todo list unless anyone else wants to take it on.

I also think that the history section has far to much weight given the profile of this package. (Cf. phpMyAdmin or even Apache server) WP's job is to be an encyclopaedia, not the official history of phpBB. -- TerryE (talk) 12:15, 24 April 2011 (UTC)
 * Agree - the history section is way too long, and most users will only care about the current state of the software, and its features. I've expanded a bit on the lead section with a selection of the features. -- Dandv ( talk | contribs ) 06:39, 6 June 2011 (UTC)

Criticism removed
I added some criticism in the Development section which was removed (revision 485820423). Although the pages cited weren't necessarily from a neutral point of view, I don't think it could possibly be argued that the development of phpBB 3.1 has been criticised.

Anyway, I'm not prepared to start an edit war. I would like to discuss this here instead. Andrewr04 (talk) 00:03, 19 April 2012 (UTC)

 * At the same time it can't be argued that there is always someone critisizing something. Fact is that someone's opinion shouldn't be inside a Wikipedia article. The opinion in this case is that phpBB's development of phpBB 3.1 is slow. If you want to leave the opinion out then you will have to write that phpBB has been critisized and after that you can add that to every (forum) software on Wikipedia.
 * Regardings this special case you might want to look for similar topics in the support forums of other forum softwares. Marc1706 (talk) 11:02, 19 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Also, those topics don't represent the view of a lot of people. There were only about 15 people replying about phpBB in a negative fashion. 15 out of the millions of people using phpBB is not a lot, I bet more than 15 people criticise most software's development. 94.7.39.10 (talk) 11:36, 19 April 2012 (UTC)

Security Vulnerabilities
I've just backed out an edit by Palmbeachguy. My reasoning is that this editor quotes an web article by www.siteground.com which is basically, IMO, a motherhood and apple-pie sort of "keep you application up to date or you'll be hacked" caveat from a hosting provider. This type of caveat could just about be applied to any complex PHP application. I feel that if we are going to include specific criticisms of this package then we should reference a primary security firm and current vulnerabilities that the latest version does not yet address, or at least a history of tardiness at addressing open vulnerabilities. -- TerryE (talk) 18:38, 10 October 2012 (UTC)

Installed phpBB
When I try to install phpBB. I did installed it using FileZilla to transfer files and introducing the phpBB as of my active user on the forums and I well done with that. --Lt. Allen (talk) 04:59, 20 March 2014 (UTC)

3.0.x branch should be mentioned
Even though phpBB 3.1 is the current version, the 3.0.x (3.0.12) branch is still being maintained and is still available for download. This should be mentioned in the article. Also, the information box at the upper right should also mention this branch version. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 97.116.116.240 (talk) 07:02, 10 December 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on PhpBB. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20060618062154/http://rankings.big-boards.com:80/?filter=phpBB,all to http://rankings.big-boards.com/?filter=phpBB,all

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers. —cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 16:03, 17 October 2015 (UTC)

Anything new?
Did nothing happen in the last 2 years since "June 27, 2016"? Could someone update this article? Sadly I dont know anything about this. The people behind the project should be interested to keeping it up to date... right?--Eheran (talk) 14:07, 17 July 2018 (UTC)
 * I do not know how you got this. 3.2.2 was released on 7 January 2018 and 3.2.3-RC2 was just released a few days ago.-- 🐱💬 05:34, 10 August 2018 (UTC)
 * Probably because "phpbb is dying" has been trending in the last few years. May be due to discourse and others, or just users moving on e. g. twitter, facebook etc.... It kind of changes how people communicate. Also Discord. I liked phpbb though, always convenient to use IMO. 2A02:8388:1600:A200:7F68:61BB:BDB:FB57 (talk) 00:09, 2 October 2022 (UTC)

Popularity?
How popular is phpbb these days? Discourse seems to have gained a lot of former phpBB users. I am just curious - would it be useful to add a paragraph or information about popularity? Should have external datapoints to be able to verify that. 2A02:8388:1600:A200:7F68:61BB:BDB:FB57 (talk) 00:08, 2 October 2022 (UTC)

What Does It Mean To Be Feminine?
I would like to hear yall's opinion 64.184.66.33 (talk) 07:34, 28 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:PhpBB


text:
Cumberland Mountains

The Cumberland Mountains are a mountain range in the southeastern section of the Appalachian Mountains. They are located in western Virginia, southwestern West Virginia, the eastern edges of Kentucky, and eastern middle Tennessee, including the Crab Orchard Mountains. Their highest peak, with an elevation of 4223 ft above mean sea level, is High Knob, which is located near Norton, Virginia.

According to the USGS, the Cumberland Mountain range is 131 mi long and 20 mi wide, bounded by the Russell Fork on the northeast, the Pound River and Powell River on the southeast, Cove Creek on the southwest, and Tackett Creek, the Cumberland River, Poor Fork Cumberland River, and Elkhorn Creek on the northwest. The crest of the range forms the Kentucky and Virginia boundary from the Tennessee border to the Russell Fork River.

Variant names of the Cumberland Mountains include Cumberland Mountain, Cumberland Range, Ouasioto Mountains, Ouasiota Mountains, Laurel Mountain, and Pine Mountain. They are named for Prince William, Duke of Cumberland.

The Cumberland Mountains range includes Pine Mountain, Cross Mountain, Cumberland Mountain, Log Mountain, Little Black Mountain, and Black (Big Black) Mountain, as well as others.

Conservation
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (Oak Ridge, Tennessee) is involved with the conservation of the mixed mesophytic forests within the northern Cumberland Plateau in Tennessee. The conservation organizations include The Nature Conservancy, the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, and the Natural Resources Defense Council with focus on the Cumberland Plateau.

Geology and physiography
The Cumberland Mountains are a physiographic section of the larger Appalachian Plateau province, which in turn is part of the larger Appalachian physiographic division.

Pine Mountain
Pine Mountain is a long, narrow ridge starting in northern Tennessee and extending northeastward into southeastern Kentucky and southwestern Virginia. Its southwestern terminus is near Pioneer, Tennessee, and it extends approximately 122 mi to the northeast to near the Breaks Interstate Park in Kentucky and Virginia.

Geology
Pine Mountain is at the headward ramp of the Pine Mountain Thrust Fault. The hard Lee-type sandstones of the Early Pennsylvanian form the ridge line. The sandstone strata crop out here because northwestward movement along the thrust fault caused these sandstones to be pushed up the ramp and over younger strata. Because the sandstones are resistant to erosion, they form a prominent ridge along this ramp. The southwestern terminus of Pine Mountain is marked by the northwest-trending Jacksboro Fault, a lateral ramp fault (part of the Pine Mountain Thrust Fault).

The northwestern slope of Pine Mountain is cliff-lined (escarpment slope) whereas the southeastern slope is gentle, this is the dip slope, and it is roughly parallel to the dip of the sandstones. This is also the northern limb of the Middlesboro Syncline.

Several gaps occur along Pine Mountain, and these are usually caused by erosion along cross-cutting faults. These gaps include the gap at High Cliff, Tennessee (near Jellico), the Narrows gap at Pineville, Kentucky, and Pound Gap near Jenkins, Kentucky. There are other minor gaps as well.

Cumberland Mountain
Cumberland Mountain, not to be confused with the Cumberland Mountains within which it resides, is a long ridge extending from northeastern Tennessee, southeastern Kentucky and southwestern Virginia. Its peak forms the boundary between Kentucky and Virginia in some areas. The southeastern side of Cumberland Mountain is a cliff-lined wall that was a barrier to exploration and settlement in Kentucky during the westward expansion in the late eighteenth century. The famous Cumberland Gap is one of several gaps along Cumberland Mountain that allowed access across the mountain.

Cumberland Mountain is a long ridge running from near Caryville, Tennessee, northeastward to near Norton, Virginia, a distance of approximately 97 mi. The southeastern slope of the ridge is cliff lined, whereas the northwestern slope is more gentle. The ridge is interrupted by several gaps, including Cumberland Gap, Big Creek Gap between Ivydell and LaFollette, Tennessee, Pennington Gap near Pennington Gap, Virginia, and Big Stone Gap near Big Stone Gap, Virginia. The crest of Cumberland Mountain ranges from 2200 ft to 3500 ft in elevation. Cumberland Mountain is roughly parallel to Pine Mountain which lies from eight to ten miles to the northwest.

Geology
Cumberland Mountain is part of the Cumberland Overthrust Sheet or block and is the northern limb of the Powell Valley Anticline, a ramp anticline. The ridge exists because hard Lee-type sandstones of Early Pennsylvanian Age crop out along this line. Softer rocks have been eroded away, leaving the resistant sandstones to form a ridge. The southwestern terminus of Cumberland Mountain is marked by the northwest-trending Jacksboro Fault, a lateral ramp fault (part of the Pine Mountain Thrust Fault). The northwestern terminus is located near Norton, Virginia, where the hard sandstones dip below the surface as the axis of the Powell Valley anticline plunges to the northeast. The various gaps in Cumberland Mountain are caused by rock weaknesses at cross-cutting faults or joints. For example, Cumberland Gap was caused by erosion along the cross-cutting Rocky Face Fault.

The cliff-lined southeastern slope (escarpment slope) of Cumberland Mountain was created by erosion along the breached side of the Powell Valley Anticline. The more-gentle northwestern slope is the dip slope and roughly parallel to the dip of the Early Pennsylvanian sandstones. This northwestward dip is the northern limb of the Powell Valley Anticline.

Cumberland Mountain forms the drainage divide between the Cumberland River to the north and the Powell River to the south.

Synclinal mountains
Several mountains that lie between Pine Mountain and Cumberland Mountain include Black Mountain and Little Black Mountain as well as a number of smaller mountains (Short, Walnut, Rich, Log, Reynolds, etc.). These are all synclinal mountains and reside along the axis of the northeast-trending Middlesboro Syncline. The Pine Mountain ramp forms the northwestern limb of this syncline and Cumberland Mountain (the northwestern limb of the Powell Valley Anticline) forms the southeastern limb.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Cumberland Mountains


text:
M45 (missile)

The M45 SLBM was a French Navy submarine-launched ballistic missile (In French terminology, the MSBS - Mer-Sol-Ballistique-Stratégique (Sea-ground-Strategic ballistic missile).) Forty-eight M45 were in commission in the Force océanique stratégique, the submarine nuclear deterrent component of the French Navy. The missiles, derived from the M4, were produced by Aérospatiale (now Astrium). Initially, an ICBM land-based version was considered, but these plans were discarded in 1996 to favour an all-naval deployment.

The M45 differs from its predecessor by its increased range (6,000 km vs. 4,000 km), its increased accuracy and penetration capabilities and its new TN-75 warheads. Each missile carries six MIRVs, each armed with a thermonuclear warhead of 110 kt. The M45 has a reported accuracy of 350 m CEP using an inertial missile guidance system coupled with computer payload control. It was succeeded by the M51.

The Ministry of Defense had planned to replace the M45 model with the M51 model since 2004, but the last M45 was only removed from service in 2016. However, its successor, the M51 model, was formally introduced in 2010 and has since entered service. Throughout its service, only 64 out of the 192 missiles that were built are believed to have been used.

Tests
In March 1986, a M-4 missile was launched and covered 6,000 km to its target; this flight is rumoured to have been the first test flight for the M-45.

On the night of the 1–2 June 2004, the Triomphant-class submarine Vigilant fired a version of the M45 from the southern part of Brittany; the missile hit its target near French Guiana.

Former operators

 * French Navy - Original primary armament for the Triomphant-class SSBN. As of 2016, replaced by the M51 SLBM.
 * French Navy - Original primary armament for the Triomphant-class SSBN. As of 2016, replaced by the M51 SLBM.

title: M45 (missile)


text:
Josaphat Kuntsevych

Josaphat Kuntsevych, OSBM (c. 1580 – 12 November 1623) was a Basilian hieromonk and archeparch of the Ruthenian Uniate Church who on 12 November 1623 was beaten to death with an axe during an anti-Catholic riot by Eastern Orthodox Belarusians in Vitebsk, in the eastern peripheries of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

His death reflects the conflict between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Eastern Catholic Churches that intensified after four Ruthenian Orthodox Church (Kiev Metropolitanate) bishops transferred their allegiance from the Ecumenical Patriarchate in Constantinople to the Holy See, under the terms laid down by the 1439 Council of Florence, by signing the 1596 Union of Brest. Archeparch Josaphat remains one of the best-known victims of anti-Catholic violence for his role in both personally accepting and very effectively spreading the Eastern Catholic Churches as a hieromonk and bishop, and was canonized in 1867 by Pope Pius IX as a saint and a martyr of the Catholic Church.

In response to the nickname "The Soul-Snatcher", which Josaphat received from both his Orthodox and Calvinist opponents, his biographer, Fr. Demetrius Wysochansky, has written, "In summing up his pastoral activities which were directed towards the one goal of snatching souls, his contemporaries and witnesses to his life were able to say: 'Whatever Catholics there are in Polotsk, are the fruit of the pastoral labors of Josaphat.' To this statement one may add that whatever Catholics there have been in Lithuania and Byelorussia in the 350 years since Josaphat's death, may all attribute their Catholic Faith to the labors and blood of Josaphat, the 'Soul-Snatcher.'"

Historical and religious background
King Sigismund III Vasa's policy for the Counter-Reformation in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was to reunite, "through missions to non-Catholics, both Protestant and Orthodox," all Christians into the Catholic Church. After preliminary negotiations with Sigismund III and with Grand Chancellor and Great Hetman of the Crown Jan Zamoyski, a delegation of bishops from the Eastern Orthodox was sent to Rome in 1595 to accede to the Union of Brest on condition that their rituals and discipline were left intact. Most Eastern Orthodox bishops within the Commonwealth, including Michael Rohoza, metropolitan of Kiev – but at Vilnius, Vilnius Voivodeship, the capital city of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth – were signatories of the Union of Brest in 1596 which brought the Metropolitanate of Kiev into communion with the pope. Two ecclesiastical factions, those Eastern Orthodox bishops who were signatories and those Eastern Orthodox bishops who were not signatories, met and excommunicated each other, but those who did not assent were in a much worse position than before, because they were no longer officially recognized. The Union resulted in two sectarian groups:

 * Ruthenian Orthodox Christians who accepted the Union of Brest became Eastern Catholics and were known as "Uniates",  "(unici)", a term which, while once widely used and considered benign, is now considered derogatory and insulting.  Eastern Catholic Ruthenians were detested, and considered "schismatics and traitors" by those who remained Orthodox and under the Ecumenical Patriarchate.  "About two-thirds of the Ruthenian population", however, had become Greek-Catholics by 1620.  The northeastern voivodeships became predominantly "Uniate".
 * Eastern Orthodox adherents who did not assent to the Union of Brest articles remained Eastern Orthodox and were known as "", or "(dysunici)"; they were also called "dissidents" by both Roman and Byzantine Catholics. The southeastern voivodeships became predominantly Disuniate.   Disuniates were subjected to varying degrees of religious discrimination by the Government of the Commonwealth, at the insistence of some Byzantine and Roman Catholic clergy.  The Disuniates were leaderless until a reestablished Eastern Orthodox  was consecrated in 1620, which the government legalized in 1632.

Early life
He was born Ioann Kuntsevych in 1580 or 1584 in Volodymyr, Volhynian Voivodeship, in the Lesser Poland Province of the Polish Crown (now in Ukraine). He was baptized into a family associated with the Eastern Orthodox Church.

Although descended from Ruthenian nobility (szlachta, Kuncewicz family), his father had embarked in business, and held the office of town-councilor. Both of Kuntsevych's parents encouraged religious participation and Christian piety in the young John. In the school at Volodymyr he gave evidence of unusual talent; he studied Church Slavonic and memorized most of the Horologion, which from this period he began to read daily. From this source he drew his early religious education.

Owing to his parents' poverty, Kuntsevych was apprenticed to a merchant named Papovič in Vilnius. In Vilnius, divided through the contentions of the various religious sects, he became acquainted with men such as Josyf Veliamyn Rutsky, a former Calvinist who converted to Catholicism and transferred from the Western to the Byzantine Rite. Rutsky supported the recent union with Rome, and under his influence Kuntsevych grew interested in the Catholic Church.

Monk
In 1604, in his early 20s, Kuntsevych entered the Monastery of the Trinity (Church and monastery of Holy Trinity) of the Order of Saint Basil the Great in Vilnius, at which time he was given the religious name of Josaphat. Seeking to emulate the Coptic Rite Desert Fathers of Roman Egypt, Brother Josaphat repeated the Jesus Prayer so constantly that he was heard to still murmur it during his sleep. He also engaged in many acts of mortification of the flesh, such as praying overnight in the parish cemetery during the winter, while barefoot and deliberately underdressed, in order to offer up his suffering towards the salvation of souls. According the Beatification testimony of his fellow monks, Brother Josaphat regularly prayed while disciplining himself, "Lord, God, grant unity to the Holy Church and the conversion of the Dissidents."

Stories that the young monk was a Greek Catholic Starets spread rapidly and many distinguished people began to visit the Monastery to speak with him for Spiritual direction. Many other young men joined the Monastery, which only recently had been on the verge of closure, due to Brother Josaphat's reputation for holiness. Brother Josaphat's believed, based on his own studies of history, the liturgical books, and many other sources, that the Union of Brest represented a return to the true roots and origins of the Christian East. He was so successful at arguing in favor of this point and persuading both Orthodox Christians and Ruthenian and Lithuanian Calvinists to convert to Eastern Catholicism, that his theological opponents dubbed him, "The soul-snatcher".

During his beatification process, Dorotheus Akhrymovych, a Polotsk city councilman who had known Josaphat in Vilna, testified, "Though the parents of the young boys complained publicly and privately about him, calling him the 'Soul-snatcher' of their sons, later, after their sons returned home from their studies, they were happy with the results and thanked the holy man."

Father Gennadius Khmelnytsky later testified, "Because of the numerous souls he was converting to God and the numerous boys he was drawing into the religious life from among the townspeople and the nobility, the Dissidents called him 'Soul-snatcher', instead of his own name Josaphat. They painted a picture of the Last Judgement which they placed in the vestibule of the Orthodox church, in which Josaphat was depicted as one of the devils who was dragging souls to Hell with a hook. Below the painting were written the words: 'Soul-snatcher.'"

Whenever Brother Josaphat, however, was called this name, however, he would chuckle and respond, "God grant me the grace to snatch all your souls and lead them to Heaven."

After a notable life as a layman, Rutsky also joined the Order in 1607.

Priest and Archbishop
When Josaphat was ordained to the diaconate, his regular services and labor for the Church had already begun. As a result of his efforts, the number of novices to the Order steadily increased, and under Rutsky – who had meanwhile been ordained a priest – a revival of Eastern Catholic monastic life began among the Ruthenians (Belarusians and Ukrainians). In 1609, after private study under Jesuit Valentin Groza Fabricy, Josaphat was ordained a priest by a Greek Catholic bishop.

Joseph Velamin-Rutski later testified, "He took care of the condemned prisoners to their very last hour, as if there were no one else to do it. After hearing their confessions, he would accompany them to the place of execution, without showing a shadow of reluctance on his face, even if the time were most inopportune, in the evening, for example, or in wintertime. He went gladly as if it were a feast day."

He subsequently became the hegumen (prior) of several monasteries.

During his Beatification process, Raphael Korsak testified, "Josaphat never neglected to give alms to the poor, to widows, and especially to orphans. Everyone loved him. Whenever he left the Church, everyone pressed towards the Church doors, seeking solace in his words. Hence, when he was elevated from the office of Hegumen to Archbishop of Polotsk, the beggars wept as they bade their protector farewell. His mercy was even more evident when he became Archbishop, so that one could say that his palace was like a market place and trading post for beggars."

On November 12, 1617, he was consecrated as the coadjutor archeparch for the Archeparchy of Polotsk. He succeeded as archeparch in March 1618. During his episcopacy, the Saint Sophia Cathedral in Polotsk was rebuilt in 1618–1620.

Kuntsevych faced the daunting task of bringing the local populace to accept union with Rome. He faced stiff opposition from the monks, who feared liturgical Latinisation of the Byzantine Rite as well as from widowed priests who had remarried in open violation of the Eastern Code of Canons. As archeparch he: restored the churches: issued a catechism to the clergy, with instructions that it should be memorized; composed rules for priestly life, and entrusted deacons the task of superintending their observance; assembled synods in various towns in the dioceses; and firmly opposed the Grand Chancellor of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Lew Sapieha, who wished to make what Josaphat saw as too many concessions to the Eastern Orthodox at the expense of Greek Catholic faithful. Throughout all his strivings and all his occupations, he continued his religious devotion as a monk, and never abated his practice of mortification of the flesh in order to offer up his sufferings for the conversion of others. Through all this he was successful in winning over a large portion of the people.

Discontent increased among the inhabitants of the eastern voivodeships. In 1618 an Orthodox nobleman at Mohilev, Vitebsk Voivodeship, who had apparently assented to the Union of Brest, openly resisted its implementation and replaced Greek Catholic priests with Disuniate priests. They substituted the names of Timothy II, patriarch of Constantinople, and Osman II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, in the Divine Liturgy for those of Pope Paul V and Sigismund III. The resistance at Mohilev led to a government crackdown against local Orthodox, and a 1619 judicial decree condemned the leaders of the insurrection to death, confiscated all the previously Eastern Orthodox church buildings at Mohilev, and gave them instead to the Ruthenian Catholic Archeparchy of Polotsk.

Norman Davies alleged in God's Playground that Josaphat Kuntsevych "was no man of peace, and had been involved in all manner of oppressions, including that most offensive of petty persecutions – the refusal to allow the Orthodox peasants to bury their dead in consecrated ground;" in other words, he is alleged to have prohibited burial of "Disidents" in Greek Catholic cemeteries.

The Ruthenian Orthodox did not disappear, however. In 1620 they assembled in synod at Kiev, protected by Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny, hetman of Zaporizhian Cossacks, and elected new Eastern Orthodox bishops including Meletius Smotrytsky as archbishop-elect of Polotsk, all of whom were consecrated "in great secrecy" at Kiev by Theophanes III, the visiting Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem, Neophyte, metropolitan of Sofia, and Avramios, bishop of Stagoi. Thus a rival Orthodox hierarchy was established. In response, King Sigismund III accused Patriarch Theophanes III, with some justification, of being a covert agent working to destabilize the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth on behalf of the Ottoman Empire and ordered his arrest and arrest of all Bishops consecrated by him.

That changed in 1620, when, with Cossack aid, a rival Eastern Orthodox hierarchy was set up by  with Smotrytsky (who later himself entered into communion with the see of Rome) being appointed the Orthodox Archeparch of Polotsk. Smotrytsky publicly claimed that Kuntsevych was preparing a

After 1620, according to Orest Subtelny, in Ukraine, sectarian violence over ownership of church property increased and "hundreds of clerics on both sides died in confrontations that often took the form of pitched battles." The government imposed a settlement on the "unsettling and destructive" conflict in 1632 by legalizing the Disuniate hierarchy and redistributing church property between Uniates and Disuniates.

Death
In October 1623 Kuntsevych ordered the arrest of the last priest who was clandestinely holding Orthodox services at Vitebsk, where Kuntsevych had a residence. Enraged at this, some Orthodox townspeople lynched Kuntsevych on 12 November. Witnesses of the event described it as follows: "The ringing of cathedral bells and the bells of other churches spread. This was the signal and call to insurrection. From all sides of town masses of people – men, women, and children – gathered with stones and attacked the archbishop's residence. The masses attacked and injured the servants and assistants of the archbishop, and broke into the room where he was alone. One hit him on the head with a stick, another split it with an axe, and when Kuntsevych fell, they started beating him. They looted his house, dragged his body to the plaza, cursed him – even women and children. ...They dragged him naked through the streets of the city all the way to the hill overlooking the river Dvina. Finally, after tying stones to the dead body, they threw him into the Dvina at its deepest."

John Szlupas wrote, in The Princeton Theological Review, that the Lithuanian Protestants were also the secret instigators in the murder of Kuntsevych, and Smotrytsky, the chief agent in the murder, was in constant communication with them.

In January 1624, a commission presided over by Sapieha investigated Kuntsevych's murder and sentenced 93 people to death for their involvement in the conspiracy, and many were banished and their property confiscated. The townhall and the disuniate churches were destroyed, and the franchises of the city abolished, but restored under the subsequent reign. With Kuntsevych's death the Disuniates were completely broken up in Lithuania, and their leaders were severely punished. The Disuniates lost their churches in Vitebsk, Polotsk, Orsha, Mogilev, and other places. Smotrytsky joined the Uniates in order to escape punishment, and turned his pen against the Disuniates whose weaknesses were not secrets from him. The body was recovered from the river and lay in state in the cathedral of Polatsk. Beatification followed in 1643, but canonization did not take place until 1867, more than two centuries later. The body is now in Saint Peter's Basilica in Rome, placed under the altar of Saint Basil the Great.

Hagiography
As a boy Kuntsevych was said to have shunned the usual games of childhood, prayed much, and lost no opportunity to assist at the Church services. Children especially regarded him with affection. As an apprentice, he devoted every leisure hour to prayer and study. At first Papovič viewed this behavior with displeasure, but Josaphat gradually won such a position in his esteem that Papovič offered him his entire fortune and his daughter's hand. But Josaphat's love for the religious life never wavered.

Kuntsevych's favourite devotional exercise was the traditional Eastern monastic practice of prostrations, in which the head touches the ground, while saying the Jesus Prayer. Never eating meat, he fasted much, wore a hair shirt and a chain around his waist. He slept on the bare floor, and chastised his body until the blood flowed. The Jesuits frequently urged him to set some bounds to his austerities.

From Kuntsevych's zealous study of the Church Slavonic Byzantine Rite liturgical books he drew many proofs of Catholic doctrine and wrote several original works. Throughout his adult life, he was distinguished by his extraordinary zeal in performing the Church services and by extraordinary devotion during the Divine Liturgy. Not only in the church did he preach and hear confessions, but likewise in the fields, hospitals, prisons, and even on his personal journeys. This zeal, united with his kindness for the poor, led great numbers of Eastern Orthodox confession Ruthenians to a religious conversion to the Eastern Catholic confession and Catholic unity. Among his converts were many important personages such as deposed Patriarch Ignatius, of Moscow, and

Canonization
After numerous miracles attributed to Kuntsevych were reported to Church officials, Pope Urban VIII appointed a commission, in 1628, to inquire into his possible canonization, which examined 116 witnesses under oath. Josaphat's body was claimed to be incorrupt five years after his death. In 1637, a second commission investigated his life and, in 1643, Josaphat was beatified. He was canonized on June 29, 1867, by Pope Pius IX.

The Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church celebrates his feast day on the first Sunday after the Julian Calendar (Gregorian Calendar November 25). When, in 1867, Pius IX inserted his feast into the General Roman Calendar, it was assigned to November 14, which was the first free day after November 12, which was then occupied by the feast of "Saint Martin I, Pope and Martyr." In the General Roman Calendar of 1969, this latter feast was moved to Pope Saint Martin's dies natalis ('birthday to heaven'), and Saint Josaphat's feast was moved to that date, his own dies natalis. Some Traditionalist Catholics continue to observe the General Roman Calendar of 1954, the General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII, or the General Roman Calendar of 1960, in which the feast day is on November 14.

Kuntsevych's canonization process began in the interval of the January Uprising of 1863–1865 against the Russian Empire and was "understood in many circles, including Polish, Russian, and Ruthenian circles, as a papal gesture of moral support for the insurgent Poles." A Russophile Ruthenian newspaper,, published several negative articles about Kuntsevych. This antagonism to his canonization "makes sense within the context of the Russophile hegemony in Ruthenian public opinion" and was seen as an insult to Imperial Russia. The Russian government responded, in 1875, with further Russification and forced conversion of the Eastern Catholic Chełm Eparchy, the last Eastern Catholic eparchy in the Russian Empire.

Veneration

According to The Oxford Dictionary of Saints, Kuntsevych could be thought of as a patron "of ecumenical endeavour today."

Churches
St. Josaphat Kuntsevych is the patron saint of a number of Polish and Ukrainian churches and parishes in the United States and Canada, including:

 * Basilica of St. Josaphat, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin
 * St. Josaphat Ukrainian Catholic Cathedral of the Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Saint Josaphat in Parma, Ohio.
 * St. Josaphat Roman Catholic Church in Chicago, Illinois
 * St. Josaphat's Parish of Bayside, Queens, New York
 * St. Josaphat's Ukrainian Catholic Church in Rochester, NY
 * St. Josaphat's Roman Catholic Church in Detroit
 * St. Josaphat Parish in Cheektowaga, New York, in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Buffalo
 * St. Josaphat's Cathedral and Ukrainian elementary school in Toronto
 * St. Josaphat Ukrainian Catholic Cathedral in the Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Edmonton, Alberta
 * St. Josaphat Ukrainian Catholic Church of Trenton, NJ

In Croatia, he is patron saint of parishes in Rajevo Selo and Sibinj.

Society of St. Josaphat
During the 1990s, a group of Byzantine Rite Traditionalist Catholic priests and laity, who had survived the underground Church during the 1947-1987 religious persecution by the Soviet Government and the Russian Orthodox Church, founded the Priestly Society of Saint Josaphat in protest against the allegedly modernistic theology and actions of the UGCC hierarchy which had arrived from the Ukrainian diaspora since the collapse of the Soviet Union. They are closely linked to the Society of St. Pius X, which is very critical of both the Second Vatican Council and is critical of the Mass of Paul VI.

Relic

 * There is a relic of the saint in the "catacombs" of Holy Trinity Roman Catholic Church in Chicago.
 * There are two relics of Saint Josaphat located in the Basilica of St. Josaphat, in Milwaukee Wisconsin. One is located inside the High Altar and the other is located in the lower Chapel. Vatican documentation is presented in the lower Chapel of the authenticity of the relics.

Controversy
Josaphat's canonization has been highly controversial among Ukrainian Orthodox population, mostly due to persecution of Orthodox practices incited by Josaphat. These practices include the arrest of Orthodox priests for holding liturgies. Such actions led the Roman Catholic chancelor Lew Sapieha to write a letter to Josaphat in behalf of the King, condemning him for his actions and claiming that his persecution was his own fault.

title: Josaphat Kuntsevych


text: User talk:213.228.213.160

title: User talk:213.228.213.160


text:
Talk:Summis desiderantes affectibus

wikisource
This should go to Wikisource. Gentgeen 22:44, 19 May 2004 (UTC)

Moving
Is its proper name just Summis desiderantes? --Brand спойт 12:11, 15 June 2007 (UTC)
 * Kors and Peters use Summis desiderantes affectibus twice and Summis desiderantes once (not counting the TOC). Burr uses Summis desiderantes once and witch-bull once. Regardless, there is a redirect from Summis desiderantes. --Jtir 14:37, 15 June 2007 (UTC)
 * Being as its not a proper title, but just an incipit, it makes sense to me to use a complete grammatical unit. Savidan 23:09, 20 June 2007 (UTC)
 * BTW, the names at Wikisource are reversed from what they are here. --Jtir 23:22, 20 June 2007 (UTC)

The text of the bull will establish its incipit. Whether the conventional incipit, usually two words, is a complete grammatical unit or or whether it appeals to Wikipedians' logic is immaterial. Though there's no firmly consistent usage in the professional articles that are called up at JSTOR by searching "Summis desiderantes" (which brings up "Summis desiderantes affectibus"), we might do well to move this article to Summis desiderantes. At least Wikipedia doesn't incorrectly capitalize it — Summis Desiderantes Affectibus — as I see in some articles. --Wetman 00:00, 21 June 2007 (UTC)
 * Naming conventions is the policy for article naming.
 * Montague Summers consistently uses Summis desiderantes affectibus, which he translates as "DESIRING with the most hearfelt anxiety".(sic)
 * Another possible source (copied from Malleus Maleficarum):
 * (bibrec) (editor's home page)
 * Volume 1 is the Latin text of the first edition of 1486-7 with annotations and an introduction. Volume 2 is an English translation with explanatory notes.
 * "Incipits were often written in a different script or color from the rest of the work of which they were a part." This suggests looking at a manuscript.
 * --Jtir 12:58, 22 June 2007 (UTC)

Who did the English translation in Burr?
Kors and Peters reprint the English translation from Burr, but Burr doesn't seem to say who did the translation. --Jtir 17:58, 15 June 2007 (UTC)

Victims
How many people prosecuted?? I have read as many as 25,000 women were burned. Quis separabit? 16:00, 5 December 2011 (UTC)

Distinguishing white and black magic
In as much as the source information for this section of the article is attributed, I still find it hard to believe that the RC Church would distinguish between white and black magic. Seems to me the Church would be more disposed to wanting to discredit all forms of magic altogether and to dismiss all of them simply as false.

"The early Church distinguished between "white" and "black" magic. The former was generally dealt with through confession, repentance, and charitable work assigned as penance.[4]" 174.89.81.76 (talk) 15:50, 5 December 2019 (UTC)

Responce
Any idea how the witches responded? I'm asking because I assume their reaction is lost to history; good or bad proper or not, the church wouldn't care to document it. Liberty5651 (talk) 21:05, 5 December 2019 (UTC)

Date of publication
Montague Summers's translation of the Bull (the second link under the external links section) gives the date of 9 December on the final paragraph. However, the lead section of this article says that the Bull was issued on the 5th of December. This can't be simply because the original text used the Julian calendar whereas this article uses the Gregorian calendar because the Julian calendar is behind the Gregorian calendar, not ahead of it. Can someone explain this discrepancy?

81.132.174.1 (talk) 14:17, 5 December 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Summis desiderantes affectibus


text: Talk:Coon

title: Talk:Coon


text:
Bret Schundler

Bret Davis Schundler (born January 14, 1959) is an American politician from New Jersey who served as the 42nd mayor of Jersey City from 1992 to 2001. He remains the last Republican to hold that office. He also unsuccessfully ran for Governor of New Jersey in 2001 and 2005.

Earlier in his life, Schundler was a Democrat, and the State Coordinator in New Jersey for Gary Hart's 1984 campaign for President. He then served as the chief operating officer of The King's College, a Christian liberal arts college in New York City. He served in the cabinet of Governor Chris Christie as New Jersey commissioner of education from January to August 2010, when he was dismissed.

Early life
Schundler grew up in Woodbridge Township and Westfield, New Jersey as the youngest of nine children. At Westfield High School, he was an All-State football player. He was recruited by Harvard University, where, to help pay for his tuition, he washed dishes, cleaned bathrooms, and worked as a security guard. He graduated with honors in 1981. Schundler's ethnic heritage is German and Barbadian.

Following his graduation from college, Schundler worked for Democratic Congressman Roy Dyson of Maryland. He later worked for Gary Hart's 1984 presidential campaign. After Hart lost the nomination race, Schundler began his career in finance in the sales department of Salomon Brothers. While he had no experience in the field, his interviewer thought that anyone who could sell Hart in western Iowa had a future in finance. In 1987, he moved to a different firm, C. J. Lawrence, which has since been absorbed into Deutsche Bank, where he did very well financially. He retired in 1990, and after traveling around the world for a year, changed his registration to Republican. He later said that he felt the Democratic Party had been taken captive by special interests.

Mayor of Jersey City
His first run for elective office was an unsuccessful campaign for the New Jersey Senate in 1991, where despite the partisan nature of the election, and overwhelmingly Democratic composition of the district (only 6% of voters were registered Republicans), Schundler lost to incumbent Edward T. O'Connor, Jr. by only a 55.1% to 44.9% margin. The next year, Gerald McCann was removed as mayor of Jersey City because of a criminal conviction unrelated to his public duties, and Schundler entered the special election to finish the remaining eight months of McCann's term. He won the election with 17 percent of the vote, in a crowded field of 19 candidates. Like most major cities in New Jersey, Jersey City elections are officially nonpartisan. While Schundler never announced himself as a Republican on his campaign literature or ads, he was known to be a Republican based on his campaign for the State Senate a year earlier, and was thus considered the first Republican to occupy the mayoral office in Jersey City since 1917. Contributing to his victory was the fact that two African American candidates split the black vote, and two siblings, Lou and Allen Manzo, also split a large number of votes.

Once in office, Schundler developed a reputation as a politician who was incorruptible, which strongly resonated in a city with a long legacy of corruption dating to the Frank Hague era in local politics. He subsequently won a full term in 1993 with 69% of the vote—the largest margin of victory since Jersey City returned to the Mayor-Council form of government in 1961, and according to some sources, in the city's entire history. He won his second full term in 1997, winning a run-off election by a substantial margin.

During his tenure as mayor, Schundler reduced crime, lowered property taxes, increased the city's tax collection rate and property values, instituted medical savings accounts for city employees and privatized the management of the city's water utility. He also led the battle to pass New Jersey's charter school legislation. Moreover, according to a Harvard University study, during his tenure Jersey City led the 100 largest cities in the United States in job growth and poverty reduction. The redevelopment and gentrification of waterfront Jersey City opposite lower Manhattan had begun during the McCann era, but it grew markedly during Schundler's tenure because of his policies, raising the per capita income in the city. It also helped stimulate the redevelopment and gentrification of neighboring Hoboken, also on the Hudson River opposite Manhattan.

Schundler attracted considerable national attention because he was the Republican mayor of an overwhelmingly Democratic city. During his tenure, Jersey City remained a Democratic stronghold, as it has been for over a century. Indeed, on the same night as Schundler's special election victory, Bill Clinton carried Hudson County (which includes Jersey City) by an overwhelming margin, which was enough to swing New Jersey into the Democratic column for the first time since 1964. Clinton carried Hudson County by an even larger margin in 1996. Additionally, no Republican has represented a significant portion of Jersey City in Congress in over a century, and Schundler was succeeded by a Democrat, Glenn Cunningham, in 2001.

2001 gubernatorial campaign
Toward the end of his tenure as mayor, Schundler served as chairman of the Hudson County Republican Committee, and in 2001, he ran for the Republican gubernatorial nomination, facing former Congressman Bob Franks, who was favored by the party establishment. Franks entered the race in April, two months before the primary, after Governor Donald DiFrancesco dropped out of the race because of a series of news stories regarding his alleged unethical behavior. Franks was backed by Governor DiFrancesco's political organization, which gave him the endorsement of every county Republican state committee in New Jersey, except, ironically, Schundler's very own Hudson County Republican state committee, as well as the Republican committee in Monmouth County, then led by William F. Dowd.

Schundler ran on a conservative platform, which was somewhat unusual, since most New Jersey Republicans tend to be more moderate-to-liberal by national standards. He employed a more grassroots style of campaigning, visiting many local GOP organizations, and forming close relationships with the Young Republicans and College Republicans, as well as conservative issue-based organizations, including those active in homeschooling and other educational issues. This grassroots campaign enabled him to win the nomination by a robust 14% margin.

After winning the primary, Schundler tried to reunite the party by connecting with the leaders who had endorsed Franks. This included a unity lunch with Franks, hosted by former governor Thomas Kean, and retaining State Senator Joseph M. Kyrillos as state party chairman. Kyrillos had been appointed by DiFrancesco as state party chairman just six weeks before the primary, and he had supported Franks in the primary. However, the party remained divided. The Democratic candidate that year, Woodbridge Township Mayor Jim McGreevey (the unsuccessful Democratic candidate in 1997), exploited this division by attacking Schundler as too conservative for the overall state of New Jersey. Schundler made frequent campaign appearances on the late Bob Grant's radio show to help bring voters out the polls on election day. Schundler also travelled to Israel, as part of his campaign to court Jewish voters in New Jersey, and while there, the historic September 11 attack on the World Trade Center occurred. The attack caused most air traffic in the U.S. to be shut down for weeks, leaving Schundler stranded in Israel less than one month before the election. In November, Schundler was badly defeated, gaining 42% of the vote to McGreevey's 56%. Schundler even lost Hudson County by 50,000 votes, despite his overwhelming electoral success in Jersey City.

Schundler did not run for office again until the 2005 gubernatorial campaign, but remained one of the most visible spokespeople for the more conservative wing of the Republican Party in New Jersey.

2005 gubernatorial campaign
Schundler's 2005 gubernatorial campaign focused on the issue of property taxes. He proposed a series of state constitutional amendments to control state and local spending in New Jersey, with the savings dedicated to property tax reduction statewide.

As in 2001, Schundler focused mostly on grassroots campaigning. However, he also targeted Republican county conventions to spread his message and won several county endorsements. Besides his base in Hudson County, he also won the endorsement of the Republican Party organizations in Monmouth, Hunterdon, and Somerset counties.

In the week before the primary election, Schundler's campaign was criticized for using a photograph on its website that showed Schundler apparently standing with a crowd of enthusiastic young supporters. The photograph, which appeared for only a few days on a web page advertising campaign T-shirts and mugs, had actually been taken at a Howard Dean rally in 2004, with Dean's image digitally replaced by Schundler's and with campaign signs, hats, and shirts modified as well. Schundler's campaign responded that the photograph had been prepared by the campaign's website contractor (which had also done work for the Dean campaign), and the campaign removed the picture from the website when it learned of the miscue.

Schundler lost the primary to Doug Forrester, who had been New Jersey's Republican nominee for United States Senate in 2002. Forrester's considerable wealth enabled him to outspend Schundler during the campaign by about 6-1. The results were:

 * Forrester: 35%
 * Schundler: 31%
 * Morris County Freeholder John J. Murphy: 11%
 * Bogota Mayor Steve Lonegan: 8%
 * Washington Township Councilman Bob Schroeder: 6%
 * Assemblyman Paul DiGaetano: 6%
 * Former Bergen County Freeholder Todd Caliguire: 3%

Schundler carried Union, Hudson, Hunterdon and Somerset counties. He had the county line in Somerset and Hudson, and shared it with Forrester in Hunterdon. Forrester held the county line in Union County, which was the only county where he had the line, but still lost in the primary.

2009 Jersey City mayoral campaign
On August 14, 2008 Schundler confirmed, in a news interview, his intent to run again for the office of Mayor of Jersey City in the 2009 election. Schundler stated that his formal announcement would happen after the 2008 presidential election. He would have faced Mayor Jerramiah Healy, former Assemblyman Louis Manzo (who he had already defeated, in part, in the special election in relatively early 1993), and community activist Dan Levin for the mayor's office. State Sen. Sandra Bolden Cunningham, the widow of Schundler's successor as mayor, was also considering a race for the mayoralty. Councilman Steven Fulop announced that he would not run for mayor in 2009. On January 12, 2009, Bret Schundler dropped his bid for mayor, citing financial difficulties due in large part to the ongoing financial crash on Wall Street.

Commissioner of Education
On January 13, 2010, Governor-Elect Chris Christie announced that Schundler was his nominee to serve as New Jersey Commissioner of Education. On March 11, the New Jersey Senate approved his nomination by a vote of 35-2. On August 27, 2010, he was dismissed by Governor Christie after an error on a $400 million Race to the Top education grant may have contributed to New Jersey narrowly missing out on the government funding.

Other activities and family
Schundler was a Professor of Public Policy at The King's College, a Christian liberal arts college located in the Empire State Building. On January 20, 2009, he was named COO of the college. The King's College is accredited in New York, and by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

Schundler was also Managing Partner of People Power America, LLC, which licenses TeamVolunteer, an online utility that helps political campaigns and non-profit organizations coordinate phone banks. He is currently the principal of School Partners, LLC, a firm that provides consulting to charter schools on everything from facility finance to their education program.

Schundler and his wife, Lynn, have two children, a daughter named Shaylin, and son named Hans Otto III.

title: Bret Schundler


text:
Donald's Nephews

Donald's Nephews is a 1938 Donald Duck animated cartoon which features Donald being visited by his three nephews, Huey, Dewey, and Louie. This cartoon is Huey, Dewey, and Louie's first appearance in animation. Al Taliaferro, the artist for the Silly Symphony comic strip, proposed the idea for the film, so that the studio would have duck counterparts to Morty and Ferdie Fieldmouse, the nephews of Mickey Mouse. The Walt Disney Productions Story Dept. on February 5, 1937 sent Taliaferro a memo recognizing him as the source of the idea for the planned short.

The memo indicated, "we have decided to actually put a story crew to work on Donald's Nephews". With the short already in production more than eight months before the boys' Donald Duck comic strip debut (on October 17, 1937), the animation studio's model sheet and storyline would have been Taliaferro and writer Ted Osborne's frame of reference for the comic strip. Because the strip was an adaptation of the animated shorts, it could utilize ideas from films still in production (DuckTales reversed this, being a TV adaptation of the comics). Similarly, Barks' Junior Woodchuck prototype, Good Scouts, was released three months after identical scouting uniforms were introduced by Taliaferro and Bob Karp in the comic strip.

The nephews being triplets who finished each others' sentences was developed by Carl Barks, the screenwriter/storyboard artist of the film, for whom Happy Hooligan, a comic strip that featured such triplets, was a childhood influence. This characteristic appeared for the first time at the end of the film. The nephews' names were devised by Disney gag man Dana Coty, who took them from Huey Long, Thomas Dewey, and Louis Schmitt, a Disney Studio animator.

Plot
Donald receives a postcard from his sister, Dumbella, which says that her three boys, Huey, Dewey, and Louie, are coming to visit him. At first, Donald is excited to see his nephews, but soon the boys start causing trouble.

Consulting a book called Modern Child Training, Donald tries to use the suggestions to gain control over his nephews, but things only get worse. In the end, after the boys leave and with his house left almost destroyed, Donald finds out that the sentence "After all, little children are only angels without wings" is "Phooey!" and tears up the book in an explosive rage.

Voice cast

 * Clarence Nash: Donald Duck, Huey, Dewey and Louie

Home media
The short was released on May 18, 2004, on Walt Disney Treasures: The Chronological Donald, Volume One: 1934-1941. It was also released on Walt Disney's Funny Factory With Huey Dewey & Louie Vol. 4. It was released to Disney+ on August 11, 2023.

title: Donald's Nephews


text:
Project Horizon

Project Horizon was a 1959 study to determine the feasibility of constructing a scientific / military base on the Moon, at a time when the U.S. Department of the Army, Department of the Navy, and Department of the Air Force had total responsibility for U.S. space program plans. On June 8, 1959, a group at the Army Ballistic Missile Agency (ABMA) produced for the Army a report titled Project Horizon, A U.S. Army Study for the Establishment of a Lunar Military Outpost. The project proposal states the requirements as:

"The lunar outpost is required to develop and protect potential United States interests on the moon; to develop techniques in moon-based surveillance of the earth and space, in communications relay, and in operations on the surface of the moon; to serve as a base for exploration of the moon, for further exploration into space and for military operations on the moon if required; and to support scientific investigations on the moon."

The permanent outpost was predicted to be required for national security "as soon as possible", and to cost $6 billion. The projected operational date with twelve soldiers was December 1966.

Horizon never progressed past the feasibility stage, being rejected by President Dwight Eisenhower when primary responsibility for America's space program was transferred to the civilian agency NASA.

Space transportation system
Horizon was estimated to require 147 early Saturn A-1 rocket launches to loft spacecraft components for assembly in low Earth orbit at a spent-tank space station. A lunar landing-and-return vehicle launched on a Saturn A-2 would have shuttled up to 16 astronauts at a time to the base and back. This was in lieu of a 12 million-pound thrust superbooster required for a direct-ascent lunar flight, which could not possibly be developed in time for the 1966 deployment target. Wernher von Braun, head of ABMA, appointed Heinz-Hermann Koelle to head the Saturn development project team at Redstone Arsenal.

Location
Rocket-vehicle energy requirements would have limited the location of the base to an area of 20 deg latitude/longitude on the Moon, from ~20° N, ~20° W to ~20° S, ~20° E. Within this area, the Project selected three particular sites:

 * northern part of Sinus Aestuum, near the Eratosthenes crater
 * southern part of Sinus Aestuum near Sinus Medii
 * southwest coast of Mare Imbrium, just north of the Montes Apenninus mountains

Proposed Timeline

 * 1964: 40 Saturn launches.
 * January 1965: Cargo delivery to the Moon would begin.
 * April 1965: The first crewed landing by two soldiers. The build-up and construction phase would continue without interruption until the outpost was ready.
 * November 1966: Outpost staffed by a task force of 12 soldiers. This program would have required a total of 61 Saturn A-1 and 88 Saturn A-2 launches up to November 1966. During this period the rockets would transport some 220 tonnes of useful cargo to the Moon.

 * December 1966 through 1967: First operational year of the lunar outpost, with a total of 64 launches scheduled. These would result in an additional 120 tons of useful cargo.

Defenses
The base would be defended against Soviet overland attack by manually fired weapons:

 * Unguided Davy Crockett rockets with low-yield nuclear warheads
 * Conventional Claymore mines modified to puncture pressure suits

Layout
The basic building block for the outpost would be cylindrical metal tanks, 10 ft in diameter and 20 ft in length.

Two nuclear reactors would be located in pits for shielding, and would provide power for operation of the preliminary quarters and for the equipment used in the construction of the permanent facility. Empty cargo and propellant containers would be assembled and used for storage of bulk supplies, weapons, and life essentials.

Two types of surface vehicles would be used, one for lifting, digging, and scraping, another for more extended distance trips needed for hauling, reconnaissance and rescue.

A lightweight parabolic antenna erected near the main quarters would provide communications with Earth. At the conclusion of the construction phase the original construction camp quarters would be converted to bio-science and physics-science laboratories.

title: Project Horizon


text:
Regions of Guinea-Bissau

Guinea-Bissau is divided into 8 regions (singular: região, plural: regiões) and 1 autonomous sector (sector autónomo). The regions are subdivided into a total of 37 sectors (singular: setor, plural: setores); which are further subdivided into smaller groups called sections (singular: secção, plural: secções); which are further subdivided into populated places (i.e.: towns, villages, localities, settlements, communities, etc.). Here are the following listed below:

Regions
The regions can also be grouped into 3 provinces:
 * Leste (East): Bafatá, Gabu
 * Norte (North): Biombo, Cacheu, Oio
 * Sul (South): Bolama, Quinara, Tombali

title: Regions of Guinea-Bissau